Claim: An image shows reported cases of "flesh eating bacteria" in 2019.
Verdict: REFUTES

Retrieved passages:
title: Campylobacteriosis
text: of 1000–10,000 bacteria for humans. In January 2013, the UK's Food Standards Agency warned that two-thirds of all raw chicken bought from UK shops was contaminated with campylobacter, affecting an estimated half a million people annually and killing approximately 100. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a multistate outbreak of human "Campylobacter" infections have been reported since September 11, 2017. Total 55 cases have been reported from 12 states (Florida, Kansas, Maryland, Missouri, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Utah, Wisconsin and Wyoming). Epidemiological and laboratory evidence indicated that puppies sold through Petland stores are a likely

title: Campylobacter
text: from 2006 to 2008. This represents the highest reported number of infections since 2000. High prevalence of "Campylobacter" (40% or more) has been reported in raw chicken meat in retail stores in the USA. The reported prevalence in retail chicken meat is higher than the reported prevalence by the microbiology performance standard testing collected by the U. S. Department of Agriculture, and the last quarterly progress report on "Salmonella" and "Campylobacter" testing of meat and poultry for July–September 2014, published by the Food Safety and Inspection Service of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, shows a low prevalence of "Campylobacter"

title: 2018 Romaine lettuce E. coli O157:H7 outbreak
text: 2018 Romaine lettuce E. coli O157:H7 outbreak In 2018, a strain of "Escherichia coli" bacteria caused the reported illness of 210 people across 36 states in the US, carried on Romaine lettuce from Yuma, Arizona. This strain produces shiga toxin, which is thought to have been transferred to the species from a strain of "Shigella" by a bacteriophage, a kind of virus that (as the name implies) "eats" bacteria. On or after April 16, 2018, cases of food poisoning began to be reported in the New York State area. The CDC eventually concluded this was an example of O157:H7, its

title: Cyclosporiasis
text: was the culprit. During July 21–August 8, 2017, the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) was notified of 20 cases of cyclosporiasis among persons who dined at a Mediterranean-style restaurant chain (chain A) in the Houston area. On July 31, 2018, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) issued a public health alert for certain beef, pork and poultry salad and wrap products potentially contaminated with Cyclospora. The contamination came from the chopped romaine lettuce used in these products. Cyclosporiasis Cyclosporiasis is a disease caused by infection with "Cyclospora cayetanensis", a pathogenic protozoan transmitted by feces or feces-contaminated food

title: Campylobacteriosis
text: involved in 77.3% in all cases of laboratory confirmed foodborne illness. About 15 of every 100,000 people are diagnosed with campylobacteriosis every year, and with many cases going unreported, up to 0.5% of the general population may unknowingly harbor "Campylobacter" in their gut. A large animal reservoir is present as well, with up to 100% of poultry, including chickens, turkeys, and waterfowl, having asymptomatic infections in their intestinal tracts. Infected chicken feces may contain up to 10 bacteria per 25 grams, and due to the installations, the bacteria are rapidly spread to other chickens. This vastly exceeds the infectious dose

title: Clostridium perfringens
text: arising from the incident. In December 2014, 87-year-old Bessie Scott died 3 days after eating a church potluck supper in Nackawic, New Brunswick, Canada. Over 30 other people reported signs of gastrointestinal illness, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. The province's acting chief medical officer says, "Clostridium perfringens" is the bacteria [sic] that most likely caused the woman's death. In October 2016, 66-year-old Alex Zdravich died four days after eating an enchilada, burrito, and taco at Agave Azul in West Lafayette, Indiana. Three others who dined the same day reported signs of foodborne illness, which were consistent with the symptoms and rapid

title: Meat spoilage
text: the slaughterhouse personnel. Bacterial genera commonly infecting meat while it is being processed, cut, packaged, transported, sold and handled include Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., E. coli, B. proteus, S. epidermidis and Staph. aureus, Cl. welchii, B. cereus and faecal streptococci. These bacteria are all commonly carried by humans; infectious bacteria from the soil include Cl. botulinum. Among the molds commonly infecting meat are Penicillium, Mucor, Cladosporium, Alternaria, Sporotrichium and Thamnidium. As these microorganisms colonize a piece of meat, they begin to break it down, leaving behind toxins that can cause enteritis or food poisoning, potentially lethal in the rare case

title: Listeriosis
text: of the 15 people infected, 3 had died. Later victims included a fourth person on 7 March, and a Victorian man in his 80s on 16 March. A miscarriage was also linked to listeriosis. Seventeen cases had been confirmed as of 7 March. In July 2018, a number of countries, including Australia, issued recalls of frozen vegetables due to "Listeria". On 5 July 2018 the "Manchester Evening News" reported that at least four major supermarket retailers had issued major product recalls as a result of a large supplier confirming possible contamination of frozen vegetables sourced from Hungary. The supplier, Greenyard

title: Salmonellosis
text: report detected turkey production as the source of infection. In Germany, food poisoning infections must be reported. Between 1990 and 2005, the number of officially recorded cases decreased from about 200,000 to about 50,000. In March 2007, around 150 people were diagnosed with salmonellosis after eating tainted food at a governor's reception in Krasnoyarsk, Russia. Over 1,500 people attended the ball on March 1 and fell ill as a consequence of ingesting "Salmonella"-tainted sandwiches. About 150 people were sickened by "Salmonella"-tainted chocolate cake produced by a major bakery chain in Singapore in December 2007. Both salmonellosis and the microorganism genus

title: Clostridium perfringens
text: onset of "C. perfringens" infection. They later tested positive for the presence of the bacteria. In November 2016, food contaminated with "C. perfringens" caused three individuals to die, and another 22 to be sickened, after a Thanksgiving luncheon hosted by a church in Antioch, California. In January 2017, a mother and her son sued a restaurant in Rochester, New York, as they and 260 other people were sickened after eating foods contaminated with "C. perfringens". "Officials from the Monroe County Department of Public Health closed down the Golden Ponds after more than a fourth of its Thanksgiving Day guests became

title: 1984 Rajneeshee bioterror attack
text: a light-brown liquid with the "Salmonella" bacteria (referred to by the perpetrators as "salsa"), and either spreading it over the food at a salad bar, or pouring it into salad dressing. By September 24, 1984, more than 150 people were violently ill. By the end of September, 751 cases of acute gastroenteritis were documented; lab testing determined that all of the victims were infected with "Salmonella enterica" Typhimurium. Symptoms included diarrhea, fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, headaches, abdominal pain, and bloody stools. Victims ranged in age from an infant, born two days after his mother's infection and initially given a five

title: Cyclospora cayetanensis
text: basil, snow peas, mesclun lettuce, and cilantro; no commercially frozen produce has been implicated to date. U.S. foodborne outbreaks of cyclosporiasis that occurred before 2000 were summarized previously, as were the major documented outbreaks in 2013 and 2014. Foodborne outbreaks during the 15-year period of 2000–2014 are summarized in table. The table provides information about 31 reported foodborne outbreaks of cyclosporiasis that occurred in the United States during 2000–2014; the total case count was 1,562. No outbreaks were reported in 2003, 2007, or 2010. Overall, a median of two outbreaks were reported per year, with a median of 20 cases

title: Campylobacter jejuni
text: arthritis will occur up to several weeks after infection. An estimated 2 million cases of "Campylobacter" enteritis occur annually, accounting for 5–7% of cases of gastroenteritis. "Campylobacter" organisms have a large animal reservoir, with up to 100% of poultry, including chickens, turkeys, and waterfowl, having asymptomatic intestinal infections. The major reservoirs of "C. fetus" are cattle and sheep. Nonetheless, the incidence of "Campylobacter" infections has been declining. Changes in the incidence of culture-confirmed "Campylobacter" infections have been monitored by the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) since 1996. In 2010, "Campylobacter" incidence showed a 27% decrease compared with 1996–1998. In

title: Foodborne illness
text: 2018 by NBC's Minneapolis station using research by both the CDC and the Minnesota Department of Health concluded that foodborne illness is on the rise in the U.S. The CDC has reported approximately four thousand cases of food poisoning annually in the last few years. Experts cite increased handling of food by humans as a major contributor, leading to outbreaks of parasites such as "E. coli" and cyclospora which can only come from human fecal matter. The World Health Organization Department of Food Safety and Zoonoses (FOS) provides scientific advice for organizations and the public on issues concerning the safety

title: Chromobacterium violaceum
text: 150 cases have been reported in literature since then. To date, cases have been reported from Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Cuba, India, Japan, Nigeria, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, United States and Vietnam. The commonest mode of entry of the bacteria into the body is through the injured skin coming in contact with soil or water containing the bacteria. The disease usually starts as a limited infection of the skin at the point of entry of the bacteria, which progresses to necrotizing metastatic lesions, then multiple abscesses of the liver, lung, spleen, skin, lymph nodes or brain, leading to severe septicaemia, culminating

title: Trichinella
text: infection, other countries in Eastern Europe and Asia report hundreds or thousands of cases annually. The United States reported 25 cases per year from 1991–1996, with few implicating raw or undercooked pork. Documented sources of human infection have also included game meats, such as wild boar, bear, walrus, fox, and cougar. During 1997–2001, meats other than pork were the most common source of infection, with more cases associated with home-raised pork than commercial. The decreased incidence of trichinellosis in the United States has resulted from changes in pork industry management standards and government regulations. In Finland, meat inspection revealed a

title: Neglected tropical diseases
text: mycoses, scabies and other ectoparasites and snakebite envenoming were added to the list in 2017. These diseases are common in 149 countries, affecting more than 1.4 billion people (including more than 500 million children) and costing developing economies billions of dollars every year. They resulted in 142,000 deaths in 2013—down from 204,000 deaths in 1990. Of these 20, two were targeted for eradication (dracunculiasis (guinea-worm disease) by 2015 and yaws by 2020), and four for elimination (blinding trachoma, human African trypanosomiasis, leprosy and lymphatic filariasis by 2020). There is some debate among the WHO, CDC, and infectious disease experts over

title: Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
text: two confirmed cases in Wales in 2013. In the last 10 years England and Wales have suffered the following number of outbreaks per year: 2007 53 confirmed outbreaks, 2008 33 confirmed, 2009 9 confirmed, 2010 11 confirmed, 2011 5 confirmed, 2012 2 confirmed, 2014 1 confirmed, 2016 0 confirmed In October 2018, a case of BSE was confirmed at a firm in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, the first such case in Scotland in a decade. As of 18 October, the case was believed to be an isolated one, but four other animals from the same herd were being culled for precautionary reasons.

title: Necrotizing fasciitis
text: Necrotizing fasciitis Necrotizing fasciitis (NF), commonly known as flesh-eating disease, is an infection that results in the death of the body's soft tissue. It is a severe disease of sudden onset that spreads rapidly. Symptoms include red or purple skin in the affected area, severe pain, fever, and vomiting. The most commonly affected areas are the limbs and perineum. Typically, the infection enters the body through a break in the skin such as a cut or burn. Risk factors include poor immune function such as from diabetes or cancer, obesity, alcoholism, intravenous drug use, and peripheral vascular disease. It is

title: Exogenous bacteria
text: by ingestion of unsanitary conditions during food preparation. "Salmonella" can also be transmitted to humans via reptiles like turtles and iguanas, which are known carriers of pathogen. Symptoms include chills, diarrhea and fever. "Cholera" is a waterborne infection caused by the bacterium "Vibrio chloerae", and is transmitted via food or water that is contaminated with fecal matter. "Vibrio chloerae" releases a toxin that induces an increased amount of water in the small intestines. Symptoms primarily observed include, watery diarrhea and vomiting that can cause dehydration and death if not treated. An estimated 3-5 million cases of "Cholera" occur yearly around