Claim: Nobel for quantum "parlour trick" that could make super computers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS

Retrieved passages:
title: Quantum computing
text: of nature, you'd better make it quantum mechanical, and by golly, it's a wonderful problem because it doesn't look so easy." In 1984, BB84 is published, the world's first quantum cryptography protocol by IBM scientists Charles Bennett and Gilles Brassard. In 1993, an international group of six scientists, including Charles Bennett, showed that perfect quantum teleportation is possible in principle, but only if the original is destroyed. In 1994 Peter Shor, at AT&T's Bell Labs discovered an important quantum algorithm, which allows a quantum computer to factor large integers exponentially much faster than the best known classical algorithm. Shor's algorithm

title: Robert J. Schoelkopf
text: might eventually lead to revolutionary advances in computing. In 2007, a team of scientists led by Schoelkopf and Steven Girvin made a major breakthrough in quantum computing when it engineered a superconducting communication "bus" to store and transfer information between distant quantum bits, or qubits, on a chip. Their work is the first step to making the fundamentals of quantum computing useful. In 2009, their team demonstrated the first electronic quantum processor which could perform a quantum computation. Schoelkopf's techniques emphasize high-speed, high-sensitivity measurements performed on nanostructures at low temperatures. Together with his former supervisor Daniel Prober and his laboratory

title: Supertask
text: for example if the observer were falling into a black hole while observing a counter whose position is fixed relative to the singularity.) Davies in his paper "Building Infinite Machines" concocted a device which he claims is physically possible up to infinite divisibility. It involves a machine which creates an exact replica of itself but has half its size and twice its speed. Still, for either a human or any device, to perceive or act upon the state of the lamp some measurement has to be done, for example the light from the lamp would have to reach an eye

title: Steven Girvin
text: problem of building a quantum computer, and on developing a new "circuit QED" using superconducting electrical circuits. The group was successful in experimentally implementing two-qubit quantum algorithms on a superconducting circuit. Girvin co-edited the book "The Quantum Hall Effect", which has been translated to Japanese, Chinese and Russian. Girvin, James P. Eisenstein and Allan H. MacDonald won the 2007 Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize for their "Fundamental experimental and theoretical research on correlated many-electron states in low dimensional systems" Steven Girvin Steven M. Girvin is an American physicist, who is the Eugene Higgins Professor of Physics and deputy provost

title: Quantum computing
text: topic, in spite of rapid progress, is still in its infancy. There is also a vast amount of flexibility. In 1959 Richard Feynman in his lecture "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" states the possibility of using quantum effects for computation. In 1980 Paul Benioff described quantum mechanical Hamiltonian models of computers and the Russian mathematician Yuri Manin motivated the development of quantum computers. In 1981, at a conference co-organized by MIT and IBM, physicist Richard Feynman urged the world to build a quantum computer. He said, "Nature isn't classical, dammit, and if you want to make a simulation

title: Quantum algorithm
text: that the Chern-Simons topological quantum field theory (TQFT) can be solved in terms of Jones polynomials. A quantum computer can simulate a TQFT, and thereby approximate the Jones polynomial, which as far as we know, is hard to compute classically in the worst-case scenario. The idea that quantum computers might be more powerful than classical computers originated in Richard Feynman's observation that classical computers seem to require exponential time to simulate many-particle quantum systems. Since then, the idea that quantum computers can simulate quantum physical processes exponentially faster than classical computers has been greatly fleshed out and elaborated. Efficient (that

title: Quantum computing
text: The field of quantum computing was initiated by the work of Paul Benioff and Yuri Manin in 1980, Richard Feynman in 1982, and David Deutsch in 1985. Large-scale quantum computers would theoretically be able to solve certain problems much more quickly than any classical computers that use even the best currently known algorithms, like integer factorization using Shor's algorithm (which is a quantum algorithm) and the simulation of quantum many-body systems. There exist quantum algorithms, such as Simon's algorithm, that run faster than any possible probabilistic classical algorithm. A classical computer could in principle (with exponential resources) simulate a quantum

title: Cavity quantum electrodynamics
text: ion quantum computer with cavity photons replacing phonons. The 2012 Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to Serge Haroche and David Wineland for their work on controlling quantum systems. Haroche was born 1944 in Casablanca, Morocco, and in 1971 gained a PhD from Université Pierre et Marie Curie in Paris. He shares half of the prize for developing a new field called cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) – whereby the properties of an atom are controlled by placing it in an optical or microwave cavity. Haroche focused on microwave experiments and turned the technique on its head – using CQED to

title: Quantum computing
text: can theoretically break many of the public-key cryptosystems in use today. Its invention sparked a tremendous interest in quantum computers. In 1996, The DiVincenzo's criteria are published which is a list of conditions that are necessary for constructing a quantum computer proposed by the theoretical physicist David P. DiVincenzo in his 2000 paper "The Physical Implementation of Quantum Computation". In 2001, researchers demonstrated Shor's algorithm to factor 15 using a 7-qubit NMR computer. In 2005, researchers at the University of Michigan built a semiconductor chip ion trap. Such devices from standard lithography may point the way to scalable quantum computing.

title: Quantum computing
text: of Bristol created an all-bulk optics system that ran a version of Shor's algorithm to successfully factor 21. In September 2011 researchers proved quantum computers can be made with a Von Neumann architecture (separation of RAM). In November 2011 researchers factorized 143 using 4 qubits. In February 2012 IBM scientists said that they had made several breakthroughs in quantum computing with superconducting integrated circuits. In April 2012 a multinational team of researchers from the University of Southern California, Delft University of Technology, the Iowa State University of Science and Technology, and the University of California, Santa Barbara, constructed a two-qubit

title: Quantum computing
text: composed of five superconducting qubits and is housed at the IBM T. J. Watson Research Center in New York. In August 2016, scientists at the University of Maryland successfully built the first reprogrammable quantum computer. In October 2016 Basel University described a variant of the electron-hole based quantum computer, which instead of manipulating electron spins uses electron holes in a semiconductor at low (mK) temperatures which are a lot less vulnerable to decoherence. This has been dubbed the "positronic" quantum computer as the quasi-particle behaves like it has a positive electrical charge. In March 2017, IBM announced an industry-first initiative

title: Brian Josephson
text: work on the paranormal, although it was reinstated after complaints. Brian Josephson Brian David Josephson (born 4 January 1940) is a Welsh theoretical physicist and professor emeritus of physics at the University of Cambridge. Best known for his pioneering work on superconductivity and quantum tunnelling, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973 for his prediction of the Josephson effect, made in 1962 when he was a 22-year-old PhD student at Cambridge University. Josephson is the only Welshman to have won a Nobel Prize in Physics. He shared the prize with physicists Leo Esaki and Ivar Giaever, who

title: Physics World
text: each year. These are the "Physics World" Breakthrough of the Year and the "Physics World" Book of the Year, which have both been awarded annually since 2009. 2009: "to August Jonathan Home and colleagues at NIST for unveiled the first small-scale device that could be described as a complete "quantum computer" 2010: "to ALPHA and the ASACUSA group at CERN for have created new ways of controlling antiatoms of hydrogen" 2011: Aephraim Steinberg and colleagues from the University of Toronto in Canada for using the technique of "weak measurement" to track the average paths of single photons passing through a

title: Quantum computing
text: quantum computer on a doped diamond crystal that can easily be scaled up and is functional at room temperature. Two logical qubit directions of electron spin and nitrogen kernels spin were used, with microwave impulses. This computer ran Grover's algorithm generating the right answer from the first try in 95% of cases. In September 2012, Australian researchers at the University of New South Wales said the world's first quantum computer was just 5 to 10 years away, after announcing a global breakthrough enabling the manufacture of its memory building blocks. A research team led by Australian engineers created the first

title: Topological quantum computer
text: computer model. For example, algorithms for evaluating the Jones polynomial were first developed in the topological model, and only later converted and extended in the standard quantum circuit model. To live up to its name, a topological quantum computer must provide the unique computation properties promised by a conventional quantum computer design, which uses trapped quantum particles. Fortunately in 2002, Michael H. Freedman, Alexei Kitaev, Michael J. Larsen, and Zhenghan Wang proved that a topological quantum computer can, in principle, perform any computation that a conventional quantum computer can do. They found that a conventional quantum computer device, given an

title: Brian Josephson
text: as well as in medicine and computing. IBM used Josephson's work in 1980 to build a prototype of a computer that would be up to 100 times faster than the IBM 3033 mainframe. Josephson was awarded several important prizes for his discovery, including the 1969 Research Corporation Award for outstanding contributions to science, and the Hughes Medal and Holweck Prize in 1972. In 1973 he won the Nobel Prize in Physics, sharing the $122,000 award with two other scientists who had also worked on quantum tunnelling. Josephson was awarded half the prize "for his theoretical predictions of the properties of

title: John Bardeen
text: devices (see SQUID and Aharonov–Bohm effect), lending credence to the idea that collective CDW electron transport is fundamentally quantum in nature. (See quantum mechanics.) Bardeen continued his research throughout the 1980s, and published articles in "Physical Review Letters" and "Physics Today" less than a year before he died. In 1956, John Bardeen shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with William Shockley of Semiconductor Laboratory of Beckman Instruments and Walter Brattain of Bell Telephone Laboratories ""for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect"". At the Nobel Prize ceremony in Stockholm, Brattain and Shockley received their awards that

title: Quantum mysticism
text: Age incarnation that combines ancient mysticism with quantum mechanics. Called a pseudoscience and a "hijacking" of quantum physics, it draws upon "coincidental similarities of language rather than genuine connections" to quantum mechanics. Physicist Murray Gell-Mann coined the phrase "quantum flapdoodle" to refer to the misuse and misapplication of quantum physics to other topics. An example of such misuse is New Age guru Deepak Chopra's "quantum theory" that aging is caused by the mind, expounded in his books "Quantum Healing" (1989) and "Ageless Body, Timeless Mind" (1993). In 1998 Chopra was awarded the parody Ig Nobel Prize in the physics category

title: Centre for Quantum Computation
text: student. With Deutsch, this created a small team that within a year had acquired the title of the Quantum Computation and Cryptography Group. A breakthrough in 1994 by Peter Shor, a researcher at the labs of the American telecommunications giant AT&T, boosted the entire field of quantum information. Shor showed that Deutch’s quantum computer could actually solve an important problem that an ordinary computer would find impossible. For the first time, it became clear that quantum computers were far from unimportant curiosities. After Shor’s announcement, quantum information became increasingly popular with Oxford. In 1995, Andrew Steane began an experimental effort

title: Jonathan Dowling
text: – Race to Build the World's First Quantum Computer" His 2003 paper, "Quantum Technology: The Second Quantum Revolution," co-authored with Gerard J. Milburn predicted the current boom in quantum technologies. Jonathan Dowling Jonathan P. Dowling is an Irish-American co-director of the Horace Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics and a Hearne chair in Theoretical Physics at the Department of Physics and Astronomy, both at Louisiana State University. He is known for his work on quantum technology, particularly for exploiting quantum entanglement (in the form of a NOON state) for applications to quantum metrology, quantum sensing, and quantum imaging. He has also