Claim: San Antonio has seen "67% growth" in water customers "in the last 25 years, 0% more water used.
Verdict: REFUTES

Retrieved passages:
title: Edwards Aquifer
text: that installment will damage the natural system’s ability to recharge the Edwards Aquifer and retain soil moisture. Further, whether or not the city needs additional supply is in question, as projected increase in water demand is speculated to present commercial expansion, not San Antonio's municipal population demand. Environmental groups, such as the Sierra Club, suggest the project is allocating funds to an unsustainable solution, and that San Antonio should instead be "investing in alternative and innovative resources that are less expensive, less energy-intensive, and locally accessible." Encompassing an area of 8 counties across south-central Texas including the City of San

title: Edwards Aquifer
text: be $88/mnth; this would place San Antonio at the lowest rate for water in any major Texan city. The water is provided through over 3,400 leases with private landowners drawing from the Caririzo and Simsboro aquifers. In an effort to protect the ratepayer (i.e. San Antonio citizens), the project proposes an undetermined lifeline rate. Any water that fails to be delivered (i.e. shortages, contamination) will be compensated by Blue Water Systems, L.P and not at the expense of the ratepayer. This project is projected to promote job growth and prosperity surrounding the city, as the supply will withstand San Antonio’s

title: Edwards Aquifer
text: system that serves the eight counties of the San Antonio metropolitan area. A total of 92 water wells with a daily pumpage rate of 203.7 million gallons supply water to SAWS’ customers. In addition to the 2.3 million San Antonio residents are the communities of New Braunfels and San Marcos that depend on the aquifer for clean drinking water. Farming and ranching communities are other significant dependents of the aquifer. From the 1930s to the 1980s, withdrawals have quadrupled with over half of the current withdrawals serving municipal water purposes while the remaining goes to agricultural needs. More than 50,000

title: San Antonio Water System
text: over (merged with) another local water utility - BexarMet. San Antonio Water System The San Antonio Water System (SAWS) is the largest drinking water and sewage utility in Bexar County, Texas, USA. Based in the Midtown Brackenridge district of San Antonio, SAWS draws water from the Edwards Aquifer to service its customers in all 8 counties of the Greater San Antonio metropolitan area. It is owned by the City of San Antonio. SAWS was formed on May 19, 1992 as a result of a merger of three separate entities: the City Water Board, the City Wastewater Department, and the Alamo

title: Aquifer storage and recovery
text: ranked last, or most vulnerable, and El Paso ranked as 10th-worst, though other Texas cities made the list. San Antonio stores drinking water in its Carrizo ASR facility, which contains more than 91,000 acre-feet of water and has a maximum capacity of 120,000 acre-feet. A 2010 Texas Water Development Board (TWDB) survey of Texas water utilities found four primary objections to ASR in other parts of Texas: legal and physical limitations, the quality of the recovered water, cost-effectiveness and the potential for other pumpers to capture the utility’s stored water. In South Australia, the City of Salisbury in northern Adelaide

title: San Antonio
text: rolling terrain is dotted with oak trees, forested land, mesquite, and cacti; and it sits on the Balcones Escarpment. Its altitude is above sea level. The city's primary source of drinking water is the Edwards Aquifer. Impounded in 1962 and 1969, respectively, Victor Braunig Lake and Calaveras Lake were among the first reservoirs in the country built to use recycled treated wastewater for power plant cooling, reducing the amount of groundwater needed for electrical generation. Downtown San Antonio, the city and metro area's urban core, encompasses many of the city's famous structures, attractions, and businesses. The central business district is

title: San Antonio Water System
text: San Antonio Water System The San Antonio Water System (SAWS) is the largest drinking water and sewage utility in Bexar County, Texas, USA. Based in the Midtown Brackenridge district of San Antonio, SAWS draws water from the Edwards Aquifer to service its customers in all 8 counties of the Greater San Antonio metropolitan area. It is owned by the City of San Antonio. SAWS was formed on May 19, 1992 as a result of a merger of three separate entities: the City Water Board, the City Wastewater Department, and the Alamo Water Conservation and Reuse District. In 2012, SAWS took

title: Edwards Aquifer
text: the Edwards Aquifer Act was upheld. In an effort to reduce San Antonio’s dependency on the solitary supply of the Edward’s Aquifer, the San Antonio Water System (SAWS) has proposed a water supply pipeline, the Vista Ridge, extending 82,000 ft from Burleson County to San Antonio. SAWS reports that the Vista Ridge pipeline, running 54” in diameter, will supply as much as 50,000 ac-ft of water per year for 30 years, upon the project’s estimated completion in 2019. This will increase the city’s current water supply by 20%. By 2020, SAWS estimates the average San Antonio residential water bill to

title: Austin, Texas
text: Water, the city's water utility, has the capacity to process up to 300 million gallons of water per day, but the elevated level of turbidity reduced output to only 105 million gallons per day; Austin residents consumed an average of 120 million gallons of water per day, thus the infrastructure was not able to keep up with demand. According to the 2010 United States Census, the racial composition of Austin is 68.3% White (48.7% Non-Hispanic Whites), 35.1% Hispanic or Latino (29.1% Mexican, 0.5% Puerto Rican, 0.4% Cuban, 5.1% Other), 8.1% African American, 6.3% Asian (1.9% Indian, 1.5% Chinese, 1.0% Vietnamese,

title: Wichita Falls, Texas
text: reuse system will put five million gallons [of water] back in the distribution system each day. The city saves five million gallons from being taken out of the lake." Within 7 months, the DPR produced 1 billion gallons of source water. As of the census of 2000, 104,197 people, 37,970 households, and 24,984 families resided in the city. The population density was . The 41,916 housing units averaged . The racial makeup of the city was 75.1% White, 12.4% African American, 0.9% Native American, 2.2% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 6.4% from other races, and 3.0% from two or more races.

title: Edwards Aquifer
text: including: " vegetables, hay sesame, soybeans, peanuts, cotton, corn, sorghum, wheat, and oats". Also, the city of San Antonio is located along the eastern edge of the aquifer and was listed as the 7th largest city in the United States by population in 2014. Historically, the Edwards Aquifer has served as the sole source of water for the city of San Antonio. This eight-county metropolitan area is the second fastest-growing area in the state of Texas and depends on the aquifer for both recreational use and clean drinking water. San Antonio Water System (SAWS) is the largest public water utility

title: Edwards Aquifer
text: cities on the aquifer is San Antonio, America's 7th largest city, with a population of over 1 million. San Antonio is fully dependent on the Edwards Aquifer for their municipal, industrial and daily use. Another major city on the aquifer is Austin. More than 50,000 people in the city of Austin (6% of Austin's population) rely on the Barton Springs segment of the Edwards Aquifer. Between 1990 and 2015, the population increased by two thirds, at this rate, the population of the basin will be doubled in 2050. The population across the counties have approximately the same growth rate of

title: Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States
text: drinking water primarily from the Biscayne Aquifer. Given increasing water demand, Miami-Dade County is considering the use of reclaimed water to help preserve the Biscayne Aquifer. Memphis receives its water from artesian aquifers. San Antonio draws the bulk of its water from the Edwards Aquifer; it did not use any surface water until 2006. Seventy-one percent of Houston's supply flows from the Trinity River into Lake Livingston, and from the San Jacinto River into Lake Conroe and Lake Houston. Deep underground wells drilled into the Evangeline and Chicot aquifers provide the other 29 percent of the city's water supply. Domestic

title: Edwards Aquifer
text: the Edwards aquifer recharge zone; even so, 72 percent remains undeveloped. The region atop the Edwards aquifer continues to increase in population today. In 2012 the US Census Bureau noted four counties located within the Edwards Region; Kendal, Comal, Hays and Travis were among the fastest growing in the nation, all with growth rates between 25 and 50 percent. An estimated 4.6 percent of the recharge zone is now covered with impervious surfaces which decrease aquifer recharge and can negatively affect water quality. Almost all of agricultural lands and a large portion of San Antonio overlie the confined portion of

title: San Antonio
text: states. At the beginning of the 20th century, the streets of the city's downtown were widened to accommodate street cars and modern traffic. At that time, many of the older historic buildings were demolished in the process of this modernization. Since the late twentieth century, San Antonio has had steady population growth. The city's population has nearly doubled in 35 years, from just over 650,000 in the 1970 census to an estimated 1.2 million in 2005, through both population growth and land annexation (the latter has considerably enlarged the physical area of the city). In 1990, the United States Census

title: Edwards Aquifer
text: the aquifer (Barker 1996). In an effort to preserve undeveloped land the city of San Antonio passed the Edwards Aquifer Protection Plan in 2000 (renewed in 2005, 2010 and 2015). The plan allows the city to purchase conservation easements for land in Bexar, Medina and Uvalde counties. The landowners retain and upon agreement the landowners cannot divide or develop the land and are paid 40-45% of market value for the easement. The plan has over 130,000 acres enrolled. More than 1.7 million people rely on water from the Edwards Aquifer for municipal, industrial and daily use. One of the major

title: Wichita Falls, Texas
text: a year. In 2011, the city received only 13 in; 2012 had 19.75 in, and in 2013 23 in. The city implemented significant conservation efforts and constructed a direct potable reuse system (DPR) that took treated wastewater, which normally emptied into the Wichita River, and sent it to the water treatment plant, where it was blended with raw lake water and treated a total of five times through various cleaning processes, all approved and monitored by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. The blended and treated water was then placed into the water system. City Mayor Glenn Barham explained, "This

title: San Antonio, Florida
text: capita income for the village was $20,287. About 9.8% of families and 10.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.7% of those under age 18 and 14.6% of those age 65 or over. In a story that wound up on the front page of "The New York Times", many of the 2000 census numbers were disputed by the City Clerk of San Antonio based on the fact the city had 336 residential water customers at the time. The Clerk further asserted that most of the residents received their mail via post office box, which the US Census

title: Nonresidential water use in the U.S.
text: commerce) includes retail stores, vehicle dealerships, strip shopping centers, and enclosed malls. Retail outlets account for significant percentage of CII use: e.g., 4 percent in Oakland (East Bay MUD), 5 percent in Austin, Texas, and about 15 percent in Tampa, Florida, 17 percent in Phoenix, Arizona, and 20 percent in New York City. The major end uses in retail stores are space cooling, restrooms and landscape irrigation. The reported proxy metrics on water use intensity in retail outlets include an estimate of 122 gallons/1000 square feet/day (g/ksf/d) in Phoenix, Arizona, 40 g/ksf/d in Santa Fe, New Mexico, and 98 g/ksf/d

title: Aquifer storage and recovery
text: supplies of summer time water for other beneficial uses. This reinjection process may also avoid the cost of surface disposal and avoid the increased thermal load to the rivers and streams during the summer air conditioning season. The Texas cities of El Paso, Kerrville and San Antonio use ASR, providing water resources to these water-vulnerable communities. A University of Florida report ranked daily per-capita water availability for 225 large urban areas across the U.S. The study weighed fresh water available to cities from naturally occurring and constructed sources such as reservoirs, aquifers and imports. Of the cities reviewed, San Antonio