Claim: Lose weight with skin cream? Fat chance, says U.S. govt.
Verdict: SUPPORTS

Retrieved passages:
title: Calorad
text: Arthritis, and Fibromyalgia all conducted with Type II hydrolyzed collagen (collagen hydrolysate), the primary ingredient in Calorad. The manufacturer claims that 40% of subjects will lose weight within 1 month, 75% after 2 months and 87% after 3 months. The distributors of the product offer a 30-day satisfaction guarantee. In support of these claims, the distributing companies cite a clinical study of Calorad (also unpublished and non-peer reviewed) by Joel B. Lao. Lao is a Doctor of Internal Medicine, and medical consultant in the Philippines who studied the effects of Calorad and its effect on overweight and/or obese individuals. The

title: Scott I Kahan
text: S, Freedhoff Y. Interventions to reduce or modify dietary fat reduce cardiovascular events. Ann Intern Med. 2012;156(2):JC1-4,JC15. 7. Cheskin LJ, Margolick J, Kahan S, Mitola AH, Poddar KH, Nilles T, et al. Effect of nutritional supplements onimmune function and body weight in malnourished adults. Nutr Metab Insts. 2010;3:25-35. 8. Cheskin LJ, Kahan S, Geller G. Weight-based stigma and physician bias. AMA Journal of Ethics. April 2010;12(4):258-262. Commentary PBS: “The Cost of Obesity in America.” June 25, 2010. National Public Radio (NPR): "FDA Approves First New Weight-Loss Drug in More Than a Decade." June 27, 2012. HealthDay: "Docs Aren't Coaching Overweight

title: Fat Chance (Lesléa Newman novel)
text: Fat Chance (Lesléa Newman novel) Fat Chance is a 1994 young adult novel written by Lesléa Newman. The book centers on a 13-year-old girl named Judi Liebowitz, who goes on a bulimic diet to try to lose weight. The novel was published by Putnam Press in 1994–2004 and by Scholastic from 2004–present. Judi Liebowitz wants to be the thinnest girl in eighth grade and have a boyfriend. She's convinced that if only she had "creamy thighs and amazing cheekbones that look like I'm always sipping through a straw" her best friend Monica wouldn't have stolen the boy she had a

title: Anti-aging cream
text: Anti-aging cream Anti-aging creams are predominantly moisturiser-based cosmeceutical skin care products marketed with the promise of making the consumer look younger by reducing, masking or preventing signs of skin aging. These signs are laxity (sagging), rhytids (wrinkles), and photoaging, which includes erythema (redness), dyspigmentation (brown discolorations), solar elastosis (yellowing), keratoses (abnormal growths), and poor texture. Despite great demand, many anti-aging products and treatments have not been proven to give lasting or major positive effects. One study found that the best performing creams reduced wrinkles by less than 10% over 12 weeks, which is not noticeable to the human eye. Another

title: Anti-aging supplements
text: demand, many such products and treatments have not been proven to give lasting or major positive effects. One study found that the best performing creams reduced wrinkles by less than 10% over 12 weeks which is not noticeable to the human eye. Another study found that cheap moisturizers were as effective as high-priced anti-wrinkle creams. One published study, funded by Boots, found that one of Boots' products reduced wrinkles. Traditionally, anti-aging creams have been marketed towards women, but products specifically targeting men are increasingly common. The belief in the benefits of anti-aging creams, along with their use, should be met

title: Weight loss
text: cheaper, more reliable, or less painful. These include books, DVDs, CDs, cremes, lotions, pills, rings and earrings, body wraps, body belts and other materials, fitness centers, clinics, personal coaches, weight loss groups, and food products and supplements. In 2008 between US$33 billion and $55 billion was spent annually in the US on weight-loss products and services, including medical procedures and pharmaceuticals, with weight-loss centers taking between 6 and 12 percent of total annual expenditure. Over $1.6 billion a year was spent on weight-loss supplements. About 70 percent of Americans' dieting attempts are of a self-help nature. In Western Europe, sales

title: Orlistat
text: it has been listed as an S3 medication -- available from a pharmacist without a prescription -- since 2000. Orlistat is used for the treatment of obesity. The amount of weight loss achieved with orlistat varies. In one-year clinical trials, between 35.5% and 54.8% of subjects achieved a 5% or greater decrease in body mass, although not all of this mass was necessarily fat. Between 16.4% and 24.8% achieved at least a 10% decrease in body fat. After orlistat was stopped, a significant number of subjects regained weight—up to 35% of the weight they had lost. It reduces the incidence

title: Oleoyl-estrone
text: the principal researches, who is also the holder of a 1998 U.S. patent () for fatty acid esters of estrone, including OE, in relation to fat loss. The group studied the effects of oral OE on Marià Alemany who was morbidly obese. It was shown for the first time to be effective at producing fat loss in a human and also a maintenance (and increase) of weight loss in two-month rest periods in between three-week dosing periods. This was achieved with no prescribed dietary restrictions. OE was licensed to Manhattan Pharmaceuticals in 2002. An Investigational New Drug application was accepted

title: Slip-Slop-Slap
text: decreased. However, the incidence of melanoma, the most lethal form of skin cancer, has increased. An epidemiological study published in 2002 concluded that skin cancer increases could not be associated with the use of sun creams, and recommended continued use of the current campaigns as a means to reduce melanoma risk. The experience of more than 25 years of skin cancer prevention in Australia shows broad-based multifaceted public education programs can improve a population's sun protective behaviors and reducing sunburn, a short-term marker of skin cancer risk. Furthermore, declining skin cancer incidence in younger cohorts and economic assessment show skin

title: Orlistat
text: follow a low-fat, reduced-calorie diet. Oily stools and flatulence can be controlled by reducing the dietary fat content to somewhere in the region of 15 grams per meal. The manual for Alli makes it clear that orlistat treatment involves aversion therapy, encouraging the user to associate eating fat with unpleasant treatment effects. Side effects are most severe when beginning therapy and may decrease in frequency with time; It has also been suggested that the decrease in side effects over time may be associated with long-term compliance with a low-fat diet. On 26 May 2010, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration

title: Scott I Kahan
text: Kids on How to Slim Down: Study." June 8, 2012. WebMD: “Cash Helps People Make Healthy Lifestyle Changes.” May 29, 2012. WebMD: “An Easier Way to Assess Body Fat and Health Risks.” May 11, 2012. Arthritis Today: “Obesity May Be a Risk Factor for Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis.” May 9, 2012. WebMD: “Diet Failure? Your Hormones Could be to Blame.” October 27, 2011. USA Today: “Flu Shots Less Effective in People Who Are Obese, Study Finds.” October 25, 2011. U.S. News & World Report: “Mindless Eating Habits That Cause Weight Gain.” October 14, 2011. WebMD: “Calories on Menus Don’t Change Kids’

title: Abdominal obesity
text: for diabetics with central obesity. Thiazolidinedione has been associated with heart failure and increased cardiovascular risk; so it has been withdrawn from the market in Europe by EMA in 2010. Low-fat diets may not be an effective long-term intervention for obesity: as Bacon and Aphramor wrote, "The majority of individuals regain virtually all of the weight that was lost during treatment." The Women's Health Initiative ("the largest and longest randomized, controlled dietary intervention clinical trial") found that long-term dietary intervention increased the waist circumference of both the intervention group and the control group, though the increase was smaller for the

title: Clobetasol propionate
text: U.S. Nonetheless, skin-whitening creams containing this ingredient can sometimes be found in ethnic beauty supply stores in New York City and on the internet. It is also sold internationally, and does not require a prescription in some countries. Whitening creams with clobetasol proprionate, such as Hyprogel, can make skin thin and easily bruised, with visible capillaries, and acne. It can also lead to hypertension, elevated blood sugar, suppression of the body's natural steroids, and stretch marks, which may be permanent. Clobetasol propionate is, along with mercury and hydroquinone, "amongst the most toxic and most used agents in lightening products." Many

title: Eurocentrism
text: health in order to use these products and obtain the tone they desire. A study conducted by Dr Lamine Cissé observed the female population in some African countries. They found that 26% of women were using skin lightening creams at the time and 36% had used them at some time. The common products used were hydroquinone and corticosteroids. 75% of women who used these creams showed cutaneous adverse effects. Whitening products have also become popular in many areas in Asia like South Korea. With the rise of these products, research has been done to study the long term damage. Some

title: Calorad
text: subjects included 50 overweight or obese individuals who were observed over a 90-day period. One bottle of Calorad was provided to each of the subjects every month for a 3-month period. In month 1, the average weight loss was 5.7 pounds. By month 3, subjects had an average reduction of 10 pounds, and an average inch loss at the waist of 3 inches. The claim that Calorad Classic facilitates weight loss while building or maintaining lean muscle mass is based upon an unpublished and non-peer reviewed study by Davis "et al." in which 300 subjects between the ages of 17–77

title: Anti-aging cream
text: study found that cheap moisturisers were as effective as high-priced anti-wrinkle creams. A 2009 study at Manchester University showed that some ingredients had an effect. Traditionally, anti-aging creams have been marketed towards women, but products specifically targeting men are increasingly common. Anti-aging creams may include conventional moisturising ingredients. They also usually contain specific anti-aging ingredients, such as: Anti-aging cream Anti-aging creams are predominantly moisturiser-based cosmeceutical skin care products marketed with the promise of making the consumer look younger by reducing, masking or preventing signs of skin aging. These signs are laxity (sagging), rhytids (wrinkles), and photoaging, which includes erythema (redness),

title: Management of obesity
text: weight loss of between 14% and 25% (depending on the type of procedure performed) at 10 years, and a 29% reduction in all cause mortality when compared to standard weight loss measures. A 2007 review concluded that certain subgroups such as those with type 2 diabetes and women show long term benefits in all cause mortality, while outcomes for men do not seem to be improved with weight loss. A subsequent study found benefits in mortality from intentional weight loss in those who have severe obesity. Diets to promote weight loss are generally divided into four categories: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie,

title: Anti-obesity medication
text: fat in the diet is reduced, symptoms often improve. Originally available only by prescription, it was approved by the FDA for over-the-counter sale in February 2007. On 26 May 2010, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a revised label for Xenical to include new safety information about cases of severe liver injury that have been reported rarely with the use of this medication. Of the 40 million users of Orlistat worldwide, 13 cases of severe liver damage have been reported. Lorcaserin (Belviq) was approved June 28, 2012 for obesity with other co-morbidities. The average weight loss by

title: Dieting
text: diets to induce weight loss are considered, potential favorable changes in triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol values should be weighed against potential unfavorable changes in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol values." The Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Dietary Modification Trial found that a diet of total fat to 20% of energy and increasing consumption of vegetables and fruit to at least 5 servings daily and grains to at least 6 servings daily resulted in: Additional randomized controlled trials found that: The American Diabetes Association recommended a low carbohydrate diet to reduce weight for those with or at risk of Type 2 diabetes

title: Weight loss
text: of weight-loss products, excluding prescription medications, topped €1,25 billion (£900 million/$1.4 billion) in 2009. Unintentional weight loss may result from loss of body fats, loss of body fluids, muscle atrophy, or even a combination of these. It is generally regarded as a medical problem when at least 10% of a person's body weight has been lost in six months or 5% in the last month. Another criterion used for assessing weight that is too low is the body mass index (BMI). However, even lesser amounts of weight loss can be a cause for serious concern in a frail elderly person.