|
title, story, time |
|
electromagnetic energy is absorbed or emitted in discrete packets,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum,2022-10-12 01:47:58.485120
|
|
speeches,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero,2022-10-12 01:48:09.186213
|
|
cerebrovascular disease,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease,2022-10-12 01:48:18.661961
|
|
antidepressant medications,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy,2022-10-12 01:48:25.728941
|
|
Scalp cooling,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapy,2022-10-12 01:48:37.233833
|
|
pro-aging trance,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death,2022-10-12 01:48:45.158220
|
|
Radioastronomia di Bologna (Institute for Radio Astronomy,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina,2022-10-12 01:48:48.752157
|
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by,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Securitization,2022-10-12 01:48:56.000813
|
|
New York City is the largest,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_services,2022-10-12 01:49:00.637205
|
|
the collective nature of the text,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthology,2022-10-12 01:49:04.268440
|
|
"description, identification, nomenclature, and classification of organisms",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy,2022-10-12 01:49:09.484656
|
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provides the prescription drug,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacy,2022-10-12 01:49:17.023443
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"Born ([ˈbɔr(ə)n] |
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== See also == |
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82nd Armored Reconnaissance Battalion helped with liberation of Born on 19 September 1944. |
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Obbicht en Papenhoven |
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== Gallery == |
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== References ==","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born,_Netherlands",2022-10-12 01:54:00.166868
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a zoo,"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born,_Netherlands",2022-10-12 01:54:02.549049
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Yakshagana,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_and_culture_of_Karnataka,2022-10-12 01:57:12.078166
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Purandara Dasa,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_and_culture_of_Karnataka,2022-10-12 01:57:56.665132
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International Sports Science Association (ISSA),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:11:01.738676
|
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==,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied_science,2022-10-12 02:11:06.256086
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Film,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Commission_for_Culture_and_the_Arts,2022-10-12 02:11:11.890470
|
|
anxiety and depression,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:11:19.485917
|
|
"cortisol, adrenaline",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:11:28.124963
|
|
International Sports Science Association (ISSA),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:11:35.104502
|
|
NK,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:11:43.446956
|
|
at any age and not just during or after menopause,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:11:50.968073
|
|
speeches,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero,2022-10-12 02:12:06.381220
|
|
cerebrovascular disease,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease,2022-10-12 02:12:21.267779
|
|
antidepressant medications,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy,2022-10-12 02:12:32.160920
|
|
Scalp cooling,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapy,2022-10-12 02:12:52.696951
|
|
pro-aging trance,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death,2022-10-12 02:13:06.674525
|
|
Radioastronomia di Bologna (Institute for Radio Astronomy,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina,2022-10-12 02:13:10.665737
|
|
by,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Securitization,2022-10-12 02:13:22.392400
|
|
New York City is the largest,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_services,2022-10-12 02:13:28.236523
|
|
the collective nature of the text,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthology,2022-10-12 02:13:32.975245
|
|
"description, identification, nomenclature, and classification of organisms",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy,2022-10-12 02:13:41.241461
|
|
provides the prescription drug,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacy,2022-10-12 02:13:52.564141
|
|
International Sports Science Association (ISSA),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:17:56.704657
|
|
==,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied_science,2022-10-12 02:18:00.650238
|
|
Film,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Commission_for_Culture_and_the_Arts,2022-10-12 02:18:06.318066
|
|
anxiety and depression,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:18:11.518810
|
|
"cortisol, adrenaline",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:18:16.804728
|
|
International Sports Science Association (ISSA),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:18:21.998550
|
|
NK,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:18:27.397365
|
|
at any age and not just during or after menopause,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:18:32.673799
|
|
speeches,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero,2022-10-12 02:18:42.524612
|
|
cerebrovascular disease,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease,2022-10-12 02:18:52.028536
|
|
antidepressant medications,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy,2022-10-12 02:18:59.062986
|
|
Scalp cooling,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapy,2022-10-12 02:19:11.329294
|
|
pro-aging trance,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death,2022-10-12 02:19:19.407727
|
|
Radioastronomia di Bologna (Institute for Radio Astronomy,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina,2022-10-12 02:19:22.982906
|
|
by,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Securitization,2022-10-12 02:19:30.672849
|
|
New York City is the largest,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_services,2022-10-12 02:19:35.339583
|
|
the collective nature of the text,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthology,2022-10-12 02:19:39.182208
|
|
"description, identification, nomenclature, and classification of organisms",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy,2022-10-12 02:19:44.408359
|
|
provides the prescription drug,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacy,2022-10-12 02:19:51.732121
|
|
"In computer science and computer programming, system time represents a computer system's notion of the passage of time. In this sense, time also includes the passing of days on the calendar. |
|
System time is measured by a system clock, which is typically implemented as a simple count of the number of ticks that have transpired since some arbitrary starting date, called the epoch. For example, Unix and POSIX-compliant systems encode system time (""Unix time"") as the number of seconds elapsed since the start of the Unix epoch at 1 January 1970 00:00:00 UT, with exceptions for leap seconds. Systems that implement the 32-bit and 64-bit versions of the Windows API, such as Windows 9x and Windows NT, provide the system time as both SYSTEMTIME, represented as a year/month/day/hour/minute/second/milliseconds value, and FILETIME, represented as a count of the number of 100-nanosecond ticks since 1 January 1601 00:00:00 UT as reckoned in the proleptic Gregorian calendar. |
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System time can be converted into calendar time, which is a form more suitable for human comprehension. For example, the Unix system time 1000000000 seconds since the beginning of the epoch translates into the calendar time 9 September 2001 01:46:40 UT. Library subroutines that handle such conversions may also deal with adjustments for time zones, daylight saving time (DST), leap seconds, and the user's locale settings. Library routines are also generally provided that convert calendar times into system times. |
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== Other time measurements == |
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Closely related to system time is process time, which is a count of the total CPU time consumed by an executing process. It may be split into user and system CPU time, representing the time spent executing user code and system kernel code, respectively. Process times are a tally of CPU instructions or clock cycles and generally have no direct correlation to wall time. |
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File systems keep track of the times that files are created, modified, and/or accessed by storing timestamps in the file control block (or inode) of each file and directory. |
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== History == |
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Most first-generation personal computers did not keep track of dates and times. These included systems that ran the CP/M operating system, as well as early models of the Apple II, the BBC Micro, and the Commodore PET, among others. Add-on peripheral boards that included real-time clock chips with on-board battery back-up were available for the IBM PC and XT, but the IBM AT was the first widely available PC that came equipped with date/time hardware built into the motherboard. Prior to the widespread availability of computer networks, most personal computer systems that did track system time did so only with respect to local time and did not make allowances for different time zones. |
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With current technology, most modern computers keep track of local civil time, as do many other household and personal devices such as VCRs, DVRs, cable TV receivers, PDAs, pagers, cell phones, fax machines, telephone answering machines, cameras, camcorders, central air conditioners, and microwave ovens. |
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Microcontrollers operating within embedded systems (such as the Raspberry Pi, Arduino, and other similar systems) do not always have internal hardware to keep track of time. Many such controller systems operate without knowledge of the external time. Those that require such information typically initialize their base time upon rebooting by obtaining the current time from an external source, such as from a time server or external clock, or by prompting the user to manually enter the current time. |
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== Implementation == |
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The system clock is typically implemented as a programmable interval timer that periodically interrupts the CPU, which then starts executing a timer interrupt service routine. This routine typically adds one tick to the system clock (a simple counter) and handles other periodic housekeeping tasks (preemption, etc.) before returning to the task the CPU was executing before the interruption. |
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== Retrieving system time == |
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The following tables illustrate methods for retrieving the system time in various operating systems, programming languages, and applications. Values marked by (*) are system-dependent and may differ across implementations. All dates are given as Gregorian or proleptic Gregorian calendar dates. |
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Note that the resolution of an implementation's measurement of time does not imply the same precision of such measurements. For example, a system might return the current time as a value measured in microseconds, but actually be capable of discerning individual clock ticks with a frequency of only 100 Hz (10 ms). |
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=== Operating systems === |
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=== Programming languages and applications === |
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== See also == |
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== Notes == |
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== References == |
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== External links == |
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Critical and Significant Dates, J. R. Stockton (retrieved 3 December 2015) |
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The Boost Date/Time Library (C++) |
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The Boost Chrono Library (C++) |
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The Chronos Date/Time Library (Smalltalk) |
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Joda Time, The Joda Date/Time Library (Java) |
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The Perl DateTime Project (Perl) |
|
date: Ruby Standard Library Documentation (Ruby)",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_time,2022-10-12 02:20:18.376626
|
|
Unix system time 1000000000 seconds since the beginning of the epoch,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_time,2022-10-12 02:20:21.350588
|
|
Britain's withdrawal into so-called splendid isolation,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I,2022-10-12 02:34:39.319214
|
|
International Sports Science Association (ISSA),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:42:01.765408
|
|
==,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied_science,2022-10-12 02:42:05.675270
|
|
Film,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Commission_for_Culture_and_the_Arts,2022-10-12 02:42:11.480184
|
|
anxiety and depression,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:42:17.400169
|
|
"cortisol, adrenaline",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:42:22.874569
|
|
International Sports Science Association (ISSA),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:42:28.030169
|
|
NK,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:42:33.620596
|
|
at any age and not just during or after menopause,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-12 02:42:38.877997
|
|
speeches,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero,2022-10-12 02:42:49.080367
|
|
cerebrovascular disease,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease,2022-10-12 02:42:58.815490
|
|
antidepressant medications,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy,2022-10-12 02:43:07.107545
|
|
Scalp cooling,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapy,2022-10-12 02:43:19.284149
|
|
pro-aging trance,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death,2022-10-12 02:43:27.258005
|
|
Radioastronomia di Bologna (Institute for Radio Astronomy,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina,2022-10-12 02:43:30.847390
|
|
by,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Securitization,2022-10-12 02:43:37.964528
|
|
New York City is the largest,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_services,2022-10-12 02:43:42.727553
|
|
the collective nature of the text,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthology,2022-10-12 02:43:47.510930
|
|
"description, identification, nomenclature, and classification of organisms",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy,2022-10-12 02:43:52.739598
|
|
provides the prescription drug,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacy,2022-10-12 02:44:00.017511
|
|
COBOL,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programming,2022-10-12 03:51:31.186510
|
|
cerebrovascular disease,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease,2022-10-12 03:52:12.039126
|
|
International Sports Science Association (ISSA),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-13 11:21:45.177031
|
|
The more commonly spoken languages dominate the less commonly spoken languages,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language,2022-10-14 01:10:22.944213
|
|
International Sports Science Association (ISSA),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-14 15:55:00.193127
|
|
International Sports Science Association (ISSA),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-14 15:55:25.551011
|
|
at any age and not just during or after menopause,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-14 15:55:51.367999
|
|
metadata,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphics,2022-10-17 15:42:07.764264
|
|
Organized efforts to search for extraterrestrial intelligence,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology,2022-10-17 15:42:25.557130
|
|
"== Function === |
|
Calcium is an essential element",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium,2022-10-18 15:55:02.907650
|
|
"A star trail is a type of photograph that uses long exposure times to capture diurnal circles, the apparent motion of stars in the night sky due to Earth's rotation. A star-trail photograph shows individual stars as streaks across the image, with longer exposures yielding longer arcs. The term is used for similar photos captured elsewhere, such as on board the International Space Station and on Mars.Typical shutter speeds for a star trail range from 15 minutes to several hours, requiring a ""Bulb"" setting on the camera to open the shutter for a period longer than usual. However, a more practiced technique is to blend a number of frames together to create the final star trail image.Star trails have been used by professional astronomers to measure the quality of observing locations for major telescopes. |
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== Capture == |
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Star trail photographs are captured by placing a camera on a tripod, pointing the lens toward the night sky, and allowing the shutter to stay open for a long period of time. Star trails are considered relatively easy for amateur astrophotographers to create. Photographers generally make these images by using a DSLR or Mirrorless camera with its lens focus set to infinity. A cable release or intervalometer allows the photographer to hold the shutter open for the desired amount of time. Typical exposure times range from 15 minutes to many hours long, depending on the desired length of the star trail arcs for the image. Even though star trail pictures are created under low-light conditions, long exposure times allow fast films, such as ISO 200 and ISO 400. Wide-apertures, such as f/5.6 and f/4, are recommended for star trails. |
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Because exposure times for star trail photographs can be several hours long, camera batteries can be easily depleted. Mechanical cameras that do not require a battery to open and close the shutter have an advantage over more modern film and digital cameras that rely on battery power. On these cameras, the Bulb, or B, exposure setting keeps the shutter open. Another problem that digital cameras encounter is an increase in electronic noise with increasing exposure time. However, this can be avoided through the use of shorter exposure times that are then stacked in post production software. This avoids possible heat build up or digital noise caused from a single long exposure. |
|
American astronaut Don Pettit recorded star trails with a digital camera from the International Space Station in Earth orbit between April and June, 2012. Pettit described his technique as follows: ""My star trail images are made by taking a time exposure of about 10 to 15 minutes. However, with modern digital cameras, 30 seconds is about the longest exposure possible, due to electronic detector noise effectively snowing out the image. To achieve the longer exposures I do what many amateur astronomers do. I take multiple 30-second exposures, then 'stack' them using imaging software, thus producing the longer exposure.""Star trail images have also been taken on Mars. The Spirit rover produced them while looking for meteors. Since the camera was limited to 60 second exposures the trails appear as dashed lines. |
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== Earth's rotation == |
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Star trail photographs are possible because of the rotation of Earth about its axis. The apparent motion of the stars is recorded as mostly curved streaks on the film or detector. For observers in the Northern Hemisphere, aiming the camera northward creates an image with concentric circular arcs centered on the north celestial pole (very near Polaris). For those in the Southern Hemisphere, this same effect is achieved by aiming the camera southward. In this case, the arc streaks are centered on the south celestial pole (near Sigma Octantis). Aiming the camera eastward or westward shows straight streaks on the celestial equator, which is tilted at angle with respect to the horizon. The angular measure of this tilt depends on the photographer's latitude (L), and is equal to 90° − L. |
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== Astronomical site testing == |
|
Star trail photographs can be used by astronomers to determine the quality of a location for telescope observations. Star trail observations of Polaris have been used to measure the quality of seeing in the atmosphere, and the vibrations in telescope mounting systems. The first recorded suggestion of this technique is from E.S. Skinner's 1931 book A Manual of Celestial Photography. |
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== Gallery == |
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== References == |
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== External links == |
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|
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4 Steps To Creating Star Trails Photos Using Stacking Software |
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Star trail photography |
|
StarStaX free multi-platform star trail software",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_trail,2022-10-19 00:58:13.680029
|
|
E.S. Skinner,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_trail,2022-10-19 00:58:16.667325
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"A star tracker is an optical device that measures the positions of stars using photocells or a camera. |
|
As the positions of many stars have been measured by astronomers to a high degree of accuracy, a star tracker on a satellite or spacecraft may be used to determine the orientation (or attitude) of the spacecraft with respect to the stars. In order to do this, the star tracker must obtain an image of the stars, measure their apparent position in the reference frame of the spacecraft, and identify the stars so their position can be compared with their known absolute position from a star catalog. A star tracker may include a processor to identify stars by comparing the pattern of observed stars with the known pattern of stars in the sky. |
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== History == |
|
In the 1950s and early 1960s, star trackers were an important part of early long-range ballistic missiles and cruise missiles, in the era when inertial navigation systems (INS) were not sufficiently accurate for intercontinental ranges.Consider a Cold War missile flying towards its target |
|
In the case of an INS, the magnetic tape can be removed and those signals instead provided by the INS. The rest of the system works as before |
|
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|
|
|
== Current technology == |
|
Many models are currently available. There also exist open projects designed to be used for the global CubeSat researchers and developers community. |
|
Star trackers, which require high sensitivity, may become confused by sunlight reflected from the spacecraft, or by exhaust gas plumes from the spacecraft thrusters (either sunlight reflection or contamination of the star tracker window). Star trackers are also susceptible to a variety of errors (low spatial frequency, high spatial frequency, temporal, ...) in addition to a variety of optical sources of error (spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, etc.). There are also many potential sources of confusion for the star identification algorithm (planets, comets, supernovae, the bimodal character of the point spread function for adjacent stars, other nearby satellites, point-source light pollution from large cities on Earth, ...). There are roughly 57 bright navigational stars in common use. However, for more complex missions, entire star field databases are used to determine spacecraft orientation. A typical star catalog for high-fidelity attitude determination is originated from a standard base catalog (for example from the United States Naval Observatory) and then filtered to remove problematic stars, for example due to apparent magnitude variability, color index uncertainty, or a location within the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram implying unreliability. These types of star catalogs can have thousands of stars stored in memory on board the spacecraft, or else processed using tools at the ground station and then uploaded. |
|
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|
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== See also == |
|
Celestial navigation |
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GoTo (telescopes) |
|
Sun sensor |
|
|
|
|
|
== References ==",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_tracker,2022-10-19 00:58:42.472490
|
|
"Celestial navigation |
|
GoTo (telescopes) |
|
Sun sensor",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_tracker,2022-10-19 00:58:45.548139
|
|
"A star tracker is an optical device that measures the positions of stars using photocells or a camera. |
|
As the positions of many stars have been measured by astronomers to a high degree of accuracy, a star tracker on a satellite or spacecraft may be used to determine the orientation (or attitude) of the spacecraft with respect to the stars. In order to do this, the star tracker must obtain an image of the stars, measure their apparent position in the reference frame of the spacecraft, and identify the stars so their position can be compared with their known absolute position from a star catalog. A star tracker may include a processor to identify stars by comparing the pattern of observed stars with the known pattern of stars in the sky. |
|
|
|
|
|
== History == |
|
In the 1950s and early 1960s, star trackers were an important part of early long-range ballistic missiles and cruise missiles, in the era when inertial navigation systems (INS) were not sufficiently accurate for intercontinental ranges.Consider a Cold War missile flying towards its target |
|
In the case of an INS, the magnetic tape can be removed and those signals instead provided by the INS. The rest of the system works as before |
|
|
|
|
|
== Current technology == |
|
Many models are currently available. There also exist open projects designed to be used for the global CubeSat researchers and developers community. |
|
Star trackers, which require high sensitivity, may become confused by sunlight reflected from the spacecraft, or by exhaust gas plumes from the spacecraft thrusters (either sunlight reflection or contamination of the star tracker window). Star trackers are also susceptible to a variety of errors (low spatial frequency, high spatial frequency, temporal, ...) in addition to a variety of optical sources of error (spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, etc.). There are also many potential sources of confusion for the star identification algorithm (planets, comets, supernovae, the bimodal character of the point spread function for adjacent stars, other nearby satellites, point-source light pollution from large cities on Earth, ...). There are roughly 57 bright navigational stars in common use. However, for more complex missions, entire star field databases are used to determine spacecraft orientation. A typical star catalog for high-fidelity attitude determination is originated from a standard base catalog (for example from the United States Naval Observatory) and then filtered to remove problematic stars, for example due to apparent magnitude variability, color index uncertainty, or a location within the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram implying unreliability. These types of star catalogs can have thousands of stars stored in memory on board the spacecraft, or else processed using tools at the ground station and then uploaded. |
|
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|
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== See also == |
|
Celestial navigation |
|
GoTo (telescopes) |
|
Sun sensor |
|
|
|
|
|
== References ==",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_tracker,2022-10-19 03:03:35.059016
|
|
"Celestial navigation |
|
GoTo (telescopes) |
|
Sun sensor",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_tracker,2022-10-19 03:03:39.599730
|
|
Film,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Commission_for_Culture_and_the_Arts,2022-10-19 03:05:22.704793
|
|
International Sports Science Association (ISSA),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-20 14:17:24.214356
|
|
==,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied_science,2022-10-20 14:17:30.120576
|
|
Film,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Commission_for_Culture_and_the_Arts,2022-10-20 14:17:42.901275
|
|
anxiety and depression,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-20 14:17:51.577391
|
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"cortisol, adrenaline",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-20 14:18:00.302983
|
|
International Sports Science Association (ISSA),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-20 14:18:08.539526
|
|
NK,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-20 14:18:16.410944
|
|
at any age and not just during or after menopause,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-20 14:18:25.990642
|
|
speeches,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero,2022-10-20 14:18:41.659478
|
|
cerebrovascular disease,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease,2022-10-20 14:18:55.224584
|
|
antidepressant medications,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy,2022-10-20 14:19:05.653761
|
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anti-folates,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapy,2022-10-20 14:19:24.820000
|
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pro-aging trance,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death,2022-10-20 14:19:36.379635
|
|
Radioastronomia di Bologna (Institute for Radio Astronomy,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina,2022-10-20 14:19:40.281305
|
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by,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Securitization,2022-10-20 14:19:50.745030
|
|
New York City is the largest,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_services,2022-10-20 14:19:56.538182
|
|
the collective nature of the text,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthology,2022-10-20 14:20:00.838569
|
|
"description, identification, nomenclature, and classification of organisms",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy,2022-10-20 14:20:09.144092
|
|
provides the prescription drug,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacy,2022-10-20 14:20:19.814208
|
|
UNESCO,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport,2022-10-20 19:31:25.630930
|
|
the Javanese are nearly 100% Muslim,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala,2022-10-22 19:04:04.544309
|
|
International Sports Science Association (ISSA),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-22 22:22:56.851361
|
|
the greater the force needed to pull your leg through),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-22 22:23:22.290262
|
|
financial regulatory authorities regulate all financial activities,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_regulation,2022-10-27 13:20:05.226468
|
|
The National Assembly refused to recognize the new government,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_crisis,2022-10-27 13:22:25.068786
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limited view restricts it to certain contexts,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics,2022-10-27 13:22:53.898183
|
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constitutional limitation of government,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics,2022-10-27 13:23:22.741411
|
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parents are continually in jail are more accepting of incarceration,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institution,2022-10-27 13:24:02.448201
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Article 155 of the Constitution,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_crisis,2022-10-27 13:24:37.260725
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"The La's were an English rock band from Liverpool, originally active from 1983 until 1992. Fronted by singer, songwriter and guitarist Lee Mavers, the group are best known for their hit single ""There She Goes"". The band was formed by Mike Badger in 1983 and Mavers joined the next year, although for most of the group's history, the frequently changing line-up revolved around the core duo of Lee Mavers (vocals, guitar) and John Power (bass, backing vocals) along with numerous other guitarists and drummers including Paul Hemmings, John ""Timmo"" Timson, Peter ""Cammy"" Cammell, Iain Templeton, John ""Boo"" Byrne, Chris Sharrock, Barry Sutton and Neil Mavers. |
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After the departure of Badger in late 1986, the band signed to Go! Discs in 1987 and started recording their debut album. Following the release of singles ""Way Out"" (1987), ""There She Goes"" (1988) and ""Timeless Melody"" (1990) and having aborted several recording sessions with different producers, the band released their debut album The La's in 1990 to critical acclaim and modest commercial success. John Power left The La's to form Cast and the group entered a prolonged hiatus in 1992. The group later reformed briefly in the mid-1990s, 2005 and 2011. However, no new recordings have been released. |
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== History == |
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=== 1983–1986: Formation and early years === |
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The La's formed in 1983, with original member Mike Badger stating that the band name occurred to him in a dream, as well as it being Scouse for ""lads"", and having obvious musical connotations. The band existed briefly as an arthouse/skiffle-type outfit with a few tracks released on local compilations. Lee Mavers joined in 1984 as rhythm guitarist, eventually gaining songwriting prominence and emerging as the band's enduring figurehead. Bernie Nolan, accomplished musician formerly of The Falcons, The Russian Rockabillys and The Swampmen was the original bassist. John Power joined the group in 1986, having met Badger on a local council-run musicianship course. Badger however left the group in late 1986 to form The Onset.The band attracted the attention of several record labels after a series of performances in their hometown in 1986, and demo tapes copied from a session at the Flying Picket rehearsal studio in Liverpool began circulating. One of these demo tapes was sent to Underground Magazine. A journalist there with the task of reviewing unsigned bands gave the cassette to Andy McDonald at Go Discs. Several record labels later became interested in signing the band. The band chose to sign with Go! Discs. |
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=== 1987–1990: Record deal and The La's album === |
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The band's first single ""Way Out"" was mixed with producer Gavin MacKillop. When it was released in October 1987, it broke into the top 100 and was praised by The Smiths' frontman Morrissey in the music magazine Melody Maker, but attracted little notice. The band continued to perform around the UK and gained success as a live act, drawing comparisons to The Beatles due to their origins, vaguely Merseybeat sound, and Mavers' expressive lyrics. ""There She Goes"" was released in 1988 with the B-sides ""Come in Come Out"" and ""Who Knows"". The song garnered moderate attention and airplay, but performed poorly in the charts. The music video for ""There She Goes"" features the La's scampering through run-down Liverpool streets and was filmed in an afternoon on a hand-held camera. It was later re-released a number of times, the earliest being 1990's Steve Lillywhite mix. After working with producer Jeremy Allom at the Pink Museum Studio in Liverpool in May 1989, the band were set to release ""Timeless Melody"" as a single. While test pressings had been sent out for review, and was awarded ""single of the week"" in Melody Maker, Mavers was reportedly unhappy with the production and the single release was scrapped. |
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The La's then spent two years fruitlessly recording and re-recording their intended debut album, with a constantly changing band line-up, where only the core of Mavers and Power remained the same. Discarded producers included The Smiths' producer John Porter, as well as John Leckie and Mike Hedges. Both Leckie and Hedges in interviews have been very complimentary about the band's songs and their respective sessions. The previously volatile band line-up settled in 1989 with Lee's brother, Neil Mavers on drums, and Peter ""Cammy"" Cammell as lead guitarist. The group then entered London's Eden Studios in December 1989 to again record their debut album with Simple Minds and U2 producer Steve Lillywhite. Despite this line-up being arguably the most stable, and press interviews from the time painting them as extremely confident, the sessions still did not satisfy Mavers. In one instance Mavers was reported to have rejected a vintage mixing desk, claiming it did not have the right sound because ""it hasn't got original Sixties dust on it"", although this claim has since been revealed as apocryphal. The Eden sessions with Lillywhite would become the band's final attempt at recording the album. The frustration of not achieving the right sound and mood in their songs, as well as increasing friction with Go! Discs, who had spent a considerable sum of money on recording sessions for the album, led to them simply giving up on the sessions. Lillywhite pieced together the recordings he had made with the group into what became the eventually released album. The band, particularly Lee Mavers, were not pleased with this decision. Among the band's complaints were that Lillywhite used vocal guide tracks on the LP and that he did not ""understand"" their sound. In an October 1990 NME interview with Stuart Maconie, Mavers said that he ""hated"" the album because of the sound, which was ""All f---ed up like a snake with a broken back"".However, recognition, at least critically, came for the La's in 1990 when the self-titled album, The La's, was released. The album reached No. 30 in the UK charts and received a Silver certification, but the album did not fare as well overseas. The album only reached No. 196 on the Billboard 200 and to date has sold fewer than 50,000 copies in the U.S. The album included, among new material, re-recorded versions of all the previous singles, including a remixed version of ""There She Goes"" which was then re-released as a single. This time around, the song reached number 13 in the UK singles chart and remains the most visible and enduring of all the band's songs. Additional singles from the album included the LP versions of ""Timeless Melody"" and ""Feelin'"". Both sold reasonably well, reaching chart placings around the top 40. A short promotional tour proceeded, accompanied by television appearances on shows such as Top of the Pops. |
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=== 1991–2003: John Power's departure and hiatus === |
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1991 promotional tour dates were fulfilled in the UK and Europe including a few festivals, and a US tour. Bassist John Power left the group on 13 December 1991, frustrated with having played essentially the same set of songs since 1986, and resurfaced a year later with his band Cast. The remainder of the 1991 concerts were performed with James Joyce on bass as well as a handful of 1992 dates. The band stopped touring and rehearsing in 1992 until further short-lived reunions, with various line-ups, throughout the 1990s and 2000s. |
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The La's reunited sporadically for a series of live performances throughout 1994 and 1995. The comeback was brought about due to a merchandising debt from the 1991 U.S. tour and the band played support slots to artists such as Oasis, Paul Weller and Dodgy. The reformed band consisted of differing line-ups for each concert and as well as Lee Mavers other performers included several former members such as Barry Sutton, Lee Garnett, John ""Boo"" Byrne, James Joyce, Peter ""Cammy"" Cammell and Neil Mavers. |
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In 1996, Mavers began recording at The Arch studio in Kew, London owned by ex-The Damned drummer Rat Scabies. Initially working alone, he was later joined in the studio by ex-The Stairs frontman Edgar Jones, Lee Garnett and Neil Mavers. The sessions ended because of damp in the studio, however Mavers and Summertyme continued to rehearse and record in Liverpool for a year. After the collapse of Go! Discs, Mavers recording contract with the label was acquired by PolyGram and eventually expired in 1998. In 1998, Mavers began rehearsing with the then unsigned Liverpool band The Crescent. A bootleg recording of one of these rehearsals known as The Crescent Tape would later leak on to the Internet. |
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In the late 1990s, Mavers renewed contact with founder member Mike Badger and subsequently two compilation albums of early demos and home recordings were released by The Viper Label (founded by ex-La's Badger and Hemmings), Lost La's 1984–1986: Breakloose (1999) and Lost La's 1986–1987: Callin' All (2001). A Japan only compilation album Singles Collection (2001) was released by Universal Music Japan containing all of the band's singles and b-sides released from 1987 to 1991. A biography about the band In Search of The La's: A Secret Liverpool by MW Macefield was published in 2003. The book contained interviews with many former members of the La's including Lee Mavers, John Power, Mike Badger, Paul Hemmings, Barry Sutton, Peter ""Cammy"" Cammell and Neil Mavers. |
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=== 2004–present: Reformations === |
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Following a reunion between Mavers and John Power, The La's reformed in June 2005 with a line-up of Lee Mavers (vocals, guitar), John Power (bass, backing vocals), ex-Cracatilla frontman Jay Lewis (guitar) and Nick Miniski (drums), playing dates in England and Ireland ahead of an appearance at the Summer Sonic festival in Japan as well as a spot at the 2005 Glastonbury Festival and other UK festivals. After three concerts, Miniski was replaced as drummer by roadie Jim ""Jasper"" Fearon, who was Mavers' school friend and one time bass player for the La's. The set lists were mostly the same as in the late 1980s, although certain encores contained some previously unheard songs such as ""Gimme the Blues"" and ""Sorry"". Since the reunion gigs it has been rumoured that Mavers has continued working on the La's' elusive second album. When interviewed in August 2006, John Power explained that Mavers was still ""tinkering with something that's majestic"" and of the release date, ""I can’t tell you where and when...' cos whatever he does, whether it’s in this lifetime or the next, it can’t be rushed"".A compilation of the La's' live radio sessions BBC in Session was released on 18 September 2006. In 2008, a new deluxe edition of The La's was released containing the lost Mike Hedges album, alternate recordings and live recordings for radio and television including previously unreleased songs ""I Am the Key"" and a Buddy Holly cover ""That'll Be the Day"". Also Lost Tunes (2008) was released as a download only EP of studio out-takes and alternate recordings. |
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After being introduced to each other by Gary Murphy of The Bandits, Lee Mavers began jamming with Pete Doherty in 2008 and appeared on stage with Doherty during his 2009 tour. Mavers then started performing live with artists such as Drew McConnell and Jon McClure in London in April 2009. In 2009 Babyshambles drummer Adam Ficek revealed plans of the La's' second album to be recorded with the Babyshambles as backing band and Drew McConnell revealed plans for him to join The La's as bassist |
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In June 2011 Lee Mavers, accompanied by Gary Murphy on bass guitar, played a surprise concert in Manchester under the name Lee Rude & The Velcro Underpants. Following this Mavers and Murphy reformed the La's and played a series of ""stripped back"" shows across the UK and Europe including a performance at Rock en Seine festival in France in August 2011. |
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== Musical style and legacy == |
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Lee Mavers has described their sound as ""rootsy"" and ""raw and organic"", whilst AllMusic have noted the band's ""simple, tuneful, acoustic-driven arrangements"". The La's were also noted for their distinctly different style to other popular British bands in the late 1980s, such as The Stone Roses and Happy Mondays, who were part of the Madchester movement. |
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The sound of The La's has been compared to that of Merseybeat and 1960s British rock music, and the band received comparisons with the earlier Liverpudlian band The Beatles. Founding member Mike Badger has named Captain Beefheart as the La's' main influence |
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Noel Gallagher of Oasis named The La's as one of his 13 favourite albums.The La's have been cited as influences by Oasis, The Courteeners, The Stone Roses, The Charlatans and The Libertines. |
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Pitchfork would name The La’s as one of the best Britpop albums as part of their 50 Best Britpop Albums list, placing the album at #14. |
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== Post-La's activities == |
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Bassist John Power went on to form Cast in 1992, releasing 4 studio albums before splitting in 2001. Guitarists Barry Sutton and Peter Cammell featured in an early lineup of the band. Cast reformed in 2010. In 2016, Jay Lewis who performed with the band in 2005, later joined Cast as bassist. |
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Mike Badger and Paul Hemmings later played together in The Onset and started The Viper Label, releasing many early recording compilations by the La's. |
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In the mid-90s, Neil Mavers joined Liverpool group Bullit, featuring David McDonnell, later of The Sand Band. |
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In 1998, Cammell and drummer Neil Mavers continued to work together after the La's' breakup under the name ""Cami"". The band was managed by former La's and then-current Cast manager, Rob Swerdlow. The band recorded a nine-track album with future Coldplay producer Ken Nelson at Parr Street Studios in October 1999. However, the band split up leaving the album unreleased. The album tapes re-surfaced in October 2015, with plans for a near-future release. The tapes required ""baking"" to remove layers of oxide that had formed on the tapes after twenty years carried out at London's FX Copyroom. |
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Neil Mavers and Cammell briefly reunited once more in 2002, performing with another former La's member, guitarist Barry Sutton in Heavy Lemon. The band played three shows in 18 months before disbanding. Cammell also went on perform with Sutton again in his jam-style project Beatnik Hurricane in 2015, playing dates in Liverpool, including residencies at The Everyman Bistro and a tour of Ireland, most notably a sold-out show in Dublin.In 2015, previous recordings and demos by Cammell's band surfaced online (most notably the song ""Make A Chain"") which led to Cammell forming a new band named Cami & The Reverbs, managed by La's associate Chris Parkes. The band consisted of Mick Marshall (guitar, The Joneses) Phil Murphy (drums, The Red Elastic Band) Leon De Sylva (drums, Electrafixion) Daniel Lunt (bass) David 'Swee' Sweeney (drums, The Bandits) and Mark McInnes (bass, The Levons). Cami & The Reverbs played sporadic shows across Liverpool including a support slot with Liverpool group Rain and a Christmas Show at The Zanzibar.In 2018, a BBC TV comedy-drama series entitled There She Goes features a cover version of the La's song of that name. |
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== Members == |
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Timeline |
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== Discography == |
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=== Studio album === |
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The La's (1990) No. 30 (UK), No. 196 (US) |
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=== Compilation albums === |
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Lost La's 1984–1986: Breakloose (1999) |
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Singles Collection (2001) |
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Lost La's 1986–1987: Callin' All (2001) |
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BBC in Session (2006) |
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Lost Tunes (2008) |
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De Freitas Sessions '87 (2010) |
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Callin' All (2010) |
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There she goes: the collection (2015) |
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The La's 1986-1987 (2017) |
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The La's Live (1986-1987) (2021) |
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=== Singles === |
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=== Other appearances === |
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A Secret Liverpool (1984) ""I Don't Like Hanging Around"" |
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Elegance, Charm and Deadly Danger (1985) ""My Girl (Sits Like a Reindeer)"" and ""Sweet 35"" |
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Unearthed: Liverpool Cult Classics, Vol. 1 (2001) ""Don't Lock Me Out"" |
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Lo-Fi Acoustic Excursions (2004) ""Cool Water"" |
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Lo-Fi Electric Excursions (2006) ""Midnight Shift"", ""Painting Dub"", ""Space Rocketry"" |
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== References == |
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== Further reading == |
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MW Macefield (2003). In Search of The La's: A Secret Liverpool. London: Helter Skelter Publishing. ISBN 1-900924-63-3. |
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== External links == |
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the-las.com (forum) |
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The La's at AllMusic |
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The La's discography at Discogs |
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The La's VEVO",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_La%27s,2022-10-27 13:41:23.389982
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U2,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_La%27s,2022-10-27 13:41:28.151761
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"The canals of Hering, or intrahepatic bile ductules, are part of the outflow system of exocrine bile product from the liver. Liver stem cells are located in the canals of Hering. |
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== Structure == |
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They are found between the bile canaliculi and interlobular bile ducts near the outer edge of a classic liver lobule. |
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=== Histology === |
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Histologically, the cells of the ductule are described as simple cuboidal epithelium, lined partially by cholangiocytes and hepatocytes. They may not be readily visible but can be differentially stained by cytokeratins CK19 and CK7. |
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== Clinical relevance == |
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The canals of Hering are destroyed early in primary biliary cholangitis and may be primary sites of scarring in methotrexate toxicity. Research has indicated the presence of intraorgan stem cells of the liver that can proliferate in disease states, so-called oval cells. |
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== History == |
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They are named for Ewald Hering. |
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== References ==",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canals_of_Hering,2022-10-27 13:41:59.492593
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Liver stem cells are located in the canals of Hering,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canals_of_Hering,2022-10-27 13:42:02.299124
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The seventh televised hearing,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_hearings_of_the_United_States_House_Select_Committee_on_the_January_6_Attack,2022-10-27 13:42:29.289930
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The seventh televised hearing,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_hearings_of_the_United_States_House_Select_Committee_on_the_January_6_Attack,2022-10-27 13:43:09.207116
|
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'On the consular provinces,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero,2022-10-28 04:36:45.230688
|
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"Non is a Welsh feminine given name. Notable people with the name include: |
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Non Evans (born 1974), Welsh sportswoman |
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Non Stanford (born 1989), Welsh triathlete |
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Saint Non, fifth and sixth-century Welsh female saint",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non_(given_name),2022-10-29 20:56:39.525497
|
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"Saint Non, fifth and sixth-century Welsh female saint",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non_(given_name),2022-10-29 20:56:43.256655
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"Non is a Welsh feminine given name. Notable people with the name include: |
|
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Non Evans (born 1974), Welsh sportswoman |
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Non Stanford (born 1989), Welsh triathlete |
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Saint Non, fifth and sixth-century Welsh female saint",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non_(given_name),2022-10-29 20:57:43.417004
|
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"Welsh triathlete |
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Saint Non",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non_(given_name),2022-10-29 20:57:46.089286
|
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spyware,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence,2022-10-29 20:58:04.679755
|
|
Army Physical Fitness Test,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-31 15:24:11.561599
|
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==,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied_science,2022-10-31 15:24:19.946376
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Film Development Council of the Philippines,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Commission_for_Culture_and_the_Arts,2022-10-31 15:24:40.066411
|
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anxiety and depression,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-31 15:25:10.871355
|
|
"cortisol, adrenaline",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-31 15:25:41.057817
|
|
International Sports Science Association (ISSA),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-31 15:26:11.361910
|
|
International Sports Science Association (ISSA),https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-31 15:26:41.572205
|
|
at any age and not just during or after menopause,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-10-31 15:27:20.969648
|
|
'On the consular provinces,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero,2022-10-31 15:28:48.703172
|
|
cerebrovascular disease,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease,2022-10-31 15:30:10.198925
|
|
antidepressant medications,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy,2022-10-31 15:31:05.170080
|
|
anti-folates,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapy,2022-10-31 15:33:02.548430
|
|
patients maintained the ability to sustain circulation and respiration,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death,2022-10-31 15:34:28.177505
|
|
Radioastronomia di Bologna (Institute for Radio Astronomy,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina,2022-10-31 15:34:34.440425
|
|
by,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Securitization,2022-10-31 15:35:26.355946
|
|
New York City is the largest,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_services,2022-10-31 15:35:46.148291
|
|
the collective nature of the text,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthology,2022-10-31 15:35:54.862297
|
|
"description, identification, nomenclature, and classification of organisms",https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy,2022-10-31 15:36:19.770806
|
|
provides the prescription drug,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacy,2022-10-31 15:37:10.587038
|
|
Army Physical Fitness Test,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-11-01 04:06:16.161908
|
|
Army Physical Fitness Test,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness,2022-11-14 09:25:12.586385
|
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the scientific method,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied_science,2022-11-14 09:25:27.265334
|
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Film,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Commission_for_Culture_and_the_Arts,2022-11-14 09:25:58.165824
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