J M SMUCKER Co 10-K form for the fiscal year ended 2022-04-30, page 29: 
Operating Income

The following table presents the components of operating income as a percentage of net sales. |    |                                                          |                      |    |      |       |    |
|---:|:---------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------|:---|:-----|:------|:---|
|  1 |                                                          | Year Ended April 30, |    |      |       |    |
|  2 |                                                          | 2022                 |    | 2021 |       |    |
|  3 | Gross profit                                             | 33.8                 | %  |      | 39.2  | %  |
|  4 | Selling, distribution, and administrative expenses:      |                      |    |      |       |    |
|  5 | Marketing                                                | 3.5                  | %  |      | 3.9   | %  |
|  6 | Advertising                                              | 2.2                  |    |      | 2.8   |    |
|  7 | Selling                                                  | 2.8                  |    |      | 3.0   |    |
|  8 | Distribution                                             | 3.6                  |    |      | 3.4   |    |
|  9 | General and administrative                               | 5.0                  |    |      | 5.9   |    |
| 10 | Total selling, distribution, and administrative expenses | 17.0                 | %  |      | 19.0  | %  |
| 11 | Amortization                                             | 2.8                  |    |      | 2.9   |    |
| 13 | Other intangible assets impairment charges               | 1.9                  |    |      | -     |    |
| 14 | Other special project costs                              | 0.1                  |    |      | 0.3   |    |
| 15 | Other operating expense (income) – net                   | (0.8)                |    |      | (0.4) |    |
| 16 | Operating income                                         | 12.8                 | %  |      | 17.3  | %  |
Amounts may not add due to rounding.
Gross profit decreased $438.0, or 14 percent, in 2022, reflecting higher costs, primarily driven by increased commodity and ingredient, transportation, packaging, and manufacturing costs, the noncomparable impact related to divestitures, the unfavorable impact of unsaleable inventory and estimated customer returns related to the Jif peanut butter recall, and unfavorable volume/mix, partially offset by higher net pricing.
Operating income decreased $363.0, or 26 percent, primarily reflecting the decrease in gross profit and a $150.4 intangible asset impairment charge in 2022 related to the Rachael Ray Nutrish brand, partially offset by a $162.8 decrease in selling, distribution, and administrative ("SD&A") expenses, primarily driven by lower marketing spend and incentive compensation expense. Further offsetting the decrease in operating income is a $36.7 increase in net other operating income, primarily reflecting an anticipated insurance recovery of $49.8, net of the deductible, related to the Jif peanut butter recall that mostly offsets the unfavorable impact of unsaleable inventory, estimated customer returns, and consumer refunds, as discussed in Note 15: Contingencies.
Our non-GAAP adjustments include amortization expense and impairment charges related to intangible assets, special project costs, gains and losses on divestitures, the change in net cumulative unallocated derivative gains and losses, and other one-time items that do not directly reflect ongoing operating results. Refer to "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" in this discussion and analysis for additional information. Gross profit excluding non-GAAP adjustments ("adjusted gross profit") decreased $303.9, or 10 percent, in 2022, reflecting the exclusion of the change in net cumulative unallocated derivative gains and losses and special project costs, as compared to GAAP gross profit. Adjusted operating income decreased $88.7, or 6 percent, as compared to the prior year, further reflecting the exclusion of the impairment charge and net pre-tax gain on divestitures.

Interest Expense

Net interest expense decreased $16.2, or 9 percent, in 2022, primarily as a result of reduced debt outstanding as compared to the prior year. For additional information, see "Capital Resources" in this discussion and analysis.

Income Taxes 

Income taxes decreased $83.5, or 28 percent, in 2022, as compared to the prior year. The effective income tax rate of 25.1 percent for 2022 varied from the U.S. statutory income tax rate of 21.0 percent primarily due to state income taxes, including an unfavorable one-time deferred tax impact of an internal legal entity simplification in the third quarter of 2022 to support multiple work locations for office-based employees and our continued strategic activities. The effective income tax rate of 25.2 percent for 2021 varied from the U.S. statutory income tax rate of 21.0 percent primarily due to the impact of state income taxes, as well as additional net income tax expense related to the divestitures of the Crisco and Natural Balance businesses. We anticipate a full-year effective income tax rate for 2023 to be approximately 24.2 percent. For additional information, refer to Note 13: Income Taxes. 
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Question: How does the change in Gross Profit Margin in 2022 reflect the impact of inflation and fluctuating commodity prices on JM Smucker's profitability?
Answer: The decline in Gross Profit Margin from 39.2% to 33.8% in 2022 illustrates the significant impact of inflation on the company's cost structure. Rising costs for green coffee, oils, protein meals, and packaging materials, combined with elevated logistics expenses, eroded profitability. Pricing adjustments helped mitigate these effects but were insufficient to fully counteract the cost pressures. The impact of the Jif recall further compounded the challenges, highlighting the difficulty of maintaining margins during periods of high volatility.