aveni-ai/aveni-bench-tat-qa huggingface dataset:
Notes: (1) TWDV – Tax written down value (2) NBV – Net book value Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set-off current tax assets against current tax liabilities, and when deferred income taxes relate to the same fiscal authority.

Company - 2018	Provisions	Others	Total

Deferred tax assets	S$ Mil	S$ Mil	S$ Mil

Balance as at 1 April 2017	0.3	2.8	3.1

Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 15	-	(1.0)	(1.0)

Balance as at 1 April 2017, restated	0.3	1.8	2.1

Credited to income statement	0.2	9.0	9.2

Balance as at 31 March 2018	0.5	10.8	11.3

Accelerated tax

Company - 2018	depreciation	Total

Deferred tax liabilities	S$ Mil	S$ Mil

Balance as at 1 April 2017	(285.3)	(285.3)

Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 1	10.2	10.2

Question: How many factors were there that gave rise to Deferred tax assets in 2018?
Answer: 2
Notes: (1) TWDV – Tax written down value (2) NBV – Net book value Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set-off current tax assets against current tax liabilities, and when deferred income taxes relate to the same fiscal authority.

Company - 2018	Provisions	Others	Total

Deferred tax assets	S$ Mil	S$ Mil	S$ Mil

Balance as at 1 April 2017	0.3	2.8	3.1

Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 15	-	(1.0)	(1.0)

Balance as at 1 April 2017, restated	0.3	1.8	2.1

Credited to income statement	0.2	9.0	9.2

Balance as at 31 March 2018	0.5	10.8	11.3

Accelerated tax

Company - 2018	depreciation	Total

Deferred tax liabilities	S$ Mil	S$ Mil

Balance as at 1 April 2017	(285.3)	(285.3)

Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 1	10.2	10.2

Question: How many % does provisions make up out of the total deferred tax assets?
Answer: 4.42
Notes: (1) TWDV – Tax written down value (2) NBV – Net book value Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set-off current tax assets against current tax liabilities, and when deferred income taxes relate to the same fiscal authority.

Company - 2018	Provisions	Others	Total

Deferred tax assets	S$ Mil	S$ Mil	S$ Mil

Balance as at 1 April 2017	0.3	2.8	3.1

Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 15	-	(1.0)	(1.0)

Balance as at 1 April 2017, restated	0.3	1.8	2.1

Credited to income statement	0.2	9.0	9.2

Balance as at 31 March 2018	0.5	10.8	11.3

Accelerated tax

Company - 2018	depreciation	Total

Deferred tax liabilities	S$ Mil	S$ Mil

Balance as at 1 April 2017	(285.3)	(285.3)

Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 1	10.2	10.2

Question: Which factor contributed the most significantly to deferred tax assets?
Answer: Others
Research and Development Expense Research and development expense increased by $8.7 million in 2019 compared to 2018. The increase was primarily due to a $5.4 million increase in employee-related costs, which includes stock-based compensation, associated with our increased headcount from 229 employees as of December 31, 2018 to 252 employees as of December 31, 2019, a $1.3 million increase in hosting and software related cost to support research and development activities and an increase of $0.4 million in office related expenses to support research and development activities. In addition, a total of $6.5 million of internally-developed software costs during 2019 and $7.7 million of internally-developed software costs during 2018 were capitalized, resulting in an increase of the expense by $1.2 million compared to 2018.

Year Ended December 31,	Change

2019	2018	$	%

(dollars in thousands)

Research and development	$ 50,024	$ 41,305	$ 8,719	21.1%

% of revenue	25%	28%

Question: What was the increase in the Research and development expense in 2019?
Answer: $8.7 million
Research and Development Expense Research and development expense increased by $8.7 million in 2019 compared to 2018. The increase was primarily due to a $5.4 million increase in employee-related costs, which includes stock-based compensation, associated with our increased headcount from 229 employees as of December 31, 2018 to 252 employees as of December 31, 2019, a $1.3 million increase in hosting and software related cost to support research and development activities and an increase of $0.4 million in office related expenses to support research and development activities. In addition, a total of $6.5 million of internally-developed software costs during 2019 and $7.7 million of internally-developed software costs during 2018 were capitalized, resulting in an increase of the expense by $1.2 million compared to 2018.

Year Ended December 31,	Change

2019	2018	$	%

(dollars in thousands)

Research and development	$ 50,024	$ 41,305	$ 8,719	21.1%

% of revenue	25%	28%

Question: What was the cost of internally-developed software in 2019?
Answer: $6.5 million
Research and Development Expense Research and development expense increased by $8.7 million in 2019 compared to 2018. The increase was primarily due to a $5.4 million increase in employee-related costs, which includes stock-based compensation, associated with our increased headcount from 229 employees as of December 31, 2018 to 252 employees as of December 31, 2019, a $1.3 million increase in hosting and software related cost to support research and development activities and an increase of $0.4 million in office related expenses to support research and development activities. In addition, a total of $6.5 million of internally-developed software costs during 2019 and $7.7 million of internally-developed software costs during 2018 were capitalized, resulting in an increase of the expense by $1.2 million compared to 2018.

Year Ended December 31,	Change

2019	2018	$	%

(dollars in thousands)

Research and development	$ 50,024	$ 41,305	$ 8,719	21.1%

% of revenue	25%	28%

Question: What was the % of revenue for Research and Development expense in 2019 and 2018?
Answer: 25; 28
Research and Development Expense Research and development expense increased by $8.7 million in 2019 compared to 2018. The increase was primarily due to a $5.4 million increase in employee-related costs, which includes stock-based compensation, associated with our increased headcount from 229 employees as of December 31, 2018 to 252 employees as of December 31, 2019, a $1.3 million increase in hosting and software related cost to support research and development activities and an increase of $0.4 million in office related expenses to support research and development activities. In addition, a total of $6.5 million of internally-developed software costs during 2019 and $7.7 million of internally-developed software costs during 2018 were capitalized, resulting in an increase of the expense by $1.2 million compared to 2018.

Year Ended December 31,	Change

2019	2018	$	%

(dollars in thousands)

Research and development	$ 50,024	$ 41,305	$ 8,719	21.1%

% of revenue	25%	28%

Question: What was the average Research and development expense for 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 45664.5
Research and Development Expense Research and development expense increased by $8.7 million in 2019 compared to 2018. The increase was primarily due to a $5.4 million increase in employee-related costs, which includes stock-based compensation, associated with our increased headcount from 229 employees as of December 31, 2018 to 252 employees as of December 31, 2019, a $1.3 million increase in hosting and software related cost to support research and development activities and an increase of $0.4 million in office related expenses to support research and development activities. In addition, a total of $6.5 million of internally-developed software costs during 2019 and $7.7 million of internally-developed software costs during 2018 were capitalized, resulting in an increase of the expense by $1.2 million compared to 2018.

Year Ended December 31,	Change

2019	2018	$	%

(dollars in thousands)

Research and development	$ 50,024	$ 41,305	$ 8,719	21.1%

% of revenue	25%	28%

Question: In which year was Research and development expenses less than 50,000 thousands?
Answer: 2018
Research and Development Expense Research and development expense increased by $8.7 million in 2019 compared to 2018. The increase was primarily due to a $5.4 million increase in employee-related costs, which includes stock-based compensation, associated with our increased headcount from 229 employees as of December 31, 2018 to 252 employees as of December 31, 2019, a $1.3 million increase in hosting and software related cost to support research and development activities and an increase of $0.4 million in office related expenses to support research and development activities. In addition, a total of $6.5 million of internally-developed software costs during 2019 and $7.7 million of internally-developed software costs during 2018 were capitalized, resulting in an increase of the expense by $1.2 million compared to 2018.

Year Ended December 31,	Change

2019	2018	$	%

(dollars in thousands)

Research and development	$ 50,024	$ 41,305	$ 8,719	21.1%

% of revenue	25%	28%

Question: What is the change in the % of revenue from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: -3
5.2 Employee share plans (continued) Shares issued under the FY2019, FY2018 and FY2017 Performance Rights plans For the purposes of Sections 200B and 200E of the Corporations Act, iSelect shareholders have approved the giving of any potential benefits under the Performance Rights Plan provided in connection with any future retirement of a participant who holds a ‘managerial or Executive office’ such that for the purposes of the provisions, those benefits will not be included in the statutory limit. Change in control Upon a ‘change of control’, the Board has discretion to determine that some or all of the participants’ Performance Rights vest immediately. FY2018 Performance Rights Plan The following table illustrates the number of, and movements in, shares issued during the year:

2019 NUMBER	2018 NUMBER

Outstanding at the beginning of the period	547,949	-

Granted during the period	-	772,303

Forfeited during the period	(140,687)	(224,354)

Exercised during the period	-	-

Outstanding at the end of the period	407,262	547,949

Question: What is the number of outstanding shares at the beginning of the period in 2019?
Answer: 547,949
5.2 Employee share plans (continued) Shares issued under the FY2019, FY2018 and FY2017 Performance Rights plans For the purposes of Sections 200B and 200E of the Corporations Act, iSelect shareholders have approved the giving of any potential benefits under the Performance Rights Plan provided in connection with any future retirement of a participant who holds a ‘managerial or Executive office’ such that for the purposes of the provisions, those benefits will not be included in the statutory limit. Change in control Upon a ‘change of control’, the Board has discretion to determine that some or all of the participants’ Performance Rights vest immediately. FY2018 Performance Rights Plan The following table illustrates the number of, and movements in, shares issued during the year:

2019 NUMBER	2018 NUMBER

Outstanding at the beginning of the period	547,949	-

Granted during the period	-	772,303

Forfeited during the period	(140,687)	(224,354)

Exercised during the period	-	-

Outstanding at the end of the period	407,262	547,949

Question: What is the number of shares granted during the period in 2018?
Answer: 772,303
5.2 Employee share plans (continued) Shares issued under the FY2019, FY2018 and FY2017 Performance Rights plans For the purposes of Sections 200B and 200E of the Corporations Act, iSelect shareholders have approved the giving of any potential benefits under the Performance Rights Plan provided in connection with any future retirement of a participant who holds a ‘managerial or Executive office’ such that for the purposes of the provisions, those benefits will not be included in the statutory limit. Change in control Upon a ‘change of control’, the Board has discretion to determine that some or all of the participants’ Performance Rights vest immediately. FY2018 Performance Rights Plan The following table illustrates the number of, and movements in, shares issued during the year:

2019 NUMBER	2018 NUMBER

Outstanding at the beginning of the period	547,949	-

Granted during the period	-	772,303

Forfeited during the period	(140,687)	(224,354)

Exercised during the period	-	-

Outstanding at the end of the period	407,262	547,949

Question: What is the number of shares forfeited during the period in 2019?
Answer: 140,687
5.2 Employee share plans (continued) Shares issued under the FY2019, FY2018 and FY2017 Performance Rights plans For the purposes of Sections 200B and 200E of the Corporations Act, iSelect shareholders have approved the giving of any potential benefits under the Performance Rights Plan provided in connection with any future retirement of a participant who holds a ‘managerial or Executive office’ such that for the purposes of the provisions, those benefits will not be included in the statutory limit. Change in control Upon a ‘change of control’, the Board has discretion to determine that some or all of the participants’ Performance Rights vest immediately. FY2018 Performance Rights Plan The following table illustrates the number of, and movements in, shares issued during the year:

2019 NUMBER	2018 NUMBER

Outstanding at the beginning of the period	547,949	-

Granted during the period	-	772,303

Forfeited during the period	(140,687)	(224,354)

Exercised during the period	-	-

Outstanding at the end of the period	407,262	547,949

Question: What is the percentage change in the number of shares forfeited during the period from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: -37.29
5.2 Employee share plans (continued) Shares issued under the FY2019, FY2018 and FY2017 Performance Rights plans For the purposes of Sections 200B and 200E of the Corporations Act, iSelect shareholders have approved the giving of any potential benefits under the Performance Rights Plan provided in connection with any future retirement of a participant who holds a ‘managerial or Executive office’ such that for the purposes of the provisions, those benefits will not be included in the statutory limit. Change in control Upon a ‘change of control’, the Board has discretion to determine that some or all of the participants’ Performance Rights vest immediately. FY2018 Performance Rights Plan The following table illustrates the number of, and movements in, shares issued during the year:

2019 NUMBER	2018 NUMBER

Outstanding at the beginning of the period	547,949	-

Granted during the period	-	772,303

Forfeited during the period	(140,687)	(224,354)

Exercised during the period	-	-

Outstanding at the end of the period	407,262	547,949

Question: What is the percentage of the number of outstanding shares at the end of the period from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: -25.68
5.2 Employee share plans (continued) Shares issued under the FY2019, FY2018 and FY2017 Performance Rights plans For the purposes of Sections 200B and 200E of the Corporations Act, iSelect shareholders have approved the giving of any potential benefits under the Performance Rights Plan provided in connection with any future retirement of a participant who holds a ‘managerial or Executive office’ such that for the purposes of the provisions, those benefits will not be included in the statutory limit. Change in control Upon a ‘change of control’, the Board has discretion to determine that some or all of the participants’ Performance Rights vest immediately. FY2018 Performance Rights Plan The following table illustrates the number of, and movements in, shares issued during the year:

2019 NUMBER	2018 NUMBER

Outstanding at the beginning of the period	547,949	-

Granted during the period	-	772,303

Forfeited during the period	(140,687)	(224,354)

Exercised during the period	-	-

Outstanding at the end of the period	407,262	547,949

Question: In which year is the number of outstanding shares at the end of the period higher?
Answer: 2018
Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Unit Awards For equity based restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards that contain only service conditions for vesting (time-based awards), we calculate the award fair value based on the closing price of CenturyLink common stock on the accounting grant date. We also grant equity-based awards that contain service conditions as well as additional market or performance conditions. For awards having both service and market conditions, the award fair value is calculated using Monte-Carlo simulations. Awards with service as well as market or performance conditions specify a target number of shares for the award, although each recipient ultimately has the opportunity to receive between 0% and 200% of the target number of shares. For awards with service and market conditions, the percentage received is based on our total shareholder return over the three-year service period versus that of selected peer companies. For awards with service and performance conditions, the percentage received depends upon the attainment of one or more financial performance targets during the two or three-year service period. The following table summarizes activity involving restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards for the year ended December 31, 2019: (1) Shares granted whose related performance conditions were not finalized at December 31, 2019, were excluded from this figure. During 2018, we granted 9.7 million shares of restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards at a weighted-average price of $17.02. During 2017, we granted 5.2 million shares of restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards at a weighted-average price of $22.02. The total fair value of restricted stock that vested during 2019, 2018 and 2017, was $118 million, $169 million and $60 million, respectively.

Number of shares	Weighed-Average Grant Date Fair Value

(In thousands)

Non-vested at December 31, 2018	17,059	$19.65

Granted(1)	9,780	12.41

Vested	(9,038)	19.54

Forfeited	(1,757)	18.62

Non-vested at December 31, 2019	16,044	15.42

Question: What type of granted shares was excluded from the table?
Answer: Shares granted whose related performance conditions were not finalized at December 31, 2019
Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Unit Awards For equity based restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards that contain only service conditions for vesting (time-based awards), we calculate the award fair value based on the closing price of CenturyLink common stock on the accounting grant date. We also grant equity-based awards that contain service conditions as well as additional market or performance conditions. For awards having both service and market conditions, the award fair value is calculated using Monte-Carlo simulations. Awards with service as well as market or performance conditions specify a target number of shares for the award, although each recipient ultimately has the opportunity to receive between 0% and 200% of the target number of shares. For awards with service and market conditions, the percentage received is based on our total shareholder return over the three-year service period versus that of selected peer companies. For awards with service and performance conditions, the percentage received depends upon the attainment of one or more financial performance targets during the two or three-year service period. The following table summarizes activity involving restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards for the year ended December 31, 2019: (1) Shares granted whose related performance conditions were not finalized at December 31, 2019, were excluded from this figure. During 2018, we granted 9.7 million shares of restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards at a weighted-average price of $17.02. During 2017, we granted 5.2 million shares of restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards at a weighted-average price of $22.02. The total fair value of restricted stock that vested during 2019, 2018 and 2017, was $118 million, $169 million and $60 million, respectively.

Number of shares	Weighed-Average Grant Date Fair Value

(In thousands)

Non-vested at December 31, 2018	17,059	$19.65

Granted(1)	9,780	12.41

Vested	(9,038)	19.54

Forfeited	(1,757)	18.62

Non-vested at December 31, 2019	16,044	15.42

Question: How was the award fair value calculated for wards having both service and market conditions?
Answer: using Monte-Carlo simulations
Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Unit Awards For equity based restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards that contain only service conditions for vesting (time-based awards), we calculate the award fair value based on the closing price of CenturyLink common stock on the accounting grant date. We also grant equity-based awards that contain service conditions as well as additional market or performance conditions. For awards having both service and market conditions, the award fair value is calculated using Monte-Carlo simulations. Awards with service as well as market or performance conditions specify a target number of shares for the award, although each recipient ultimately has the opportunity to receive between 0% and 200% of the target number of shares. For awards with service and market conditions, the percentage received is based on our total shareholder return over the three-year service period versus that of selected peer companies. For awards with service and performance conditions, the percentage received depends upon the attainment of one or more financial performance targets during the two or three-year service period. The following table summarizes activity involving restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards for the year ended December 31, 2019: (1) Shares granted whose related performance conditions were not finalized at December 31, 2019, were excluded from this figure. During 2018, we granted 9.7 million shares of restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards at a weighted-average price of $17.02. During 2017, we granted 5.2 million shares of restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards at a weighted-average price of $22.02. The total fair value of restricted stock that vested during 2019, 2018 and 2017, was $118 million, $169 million and $60 million, respectively.

Number of shares	Weighed-Average Grant Date Fair Value

(In thousands)

Non-vested at December 31, 2018	17,059	$19.65

Granted(1)	9,780	12.41

Vested	(9,038)	19.54

Forfeited	(1,757)	18.62

Non-vested at December 31, 2019	16,044	15.42

Question: What are the types of activity involving restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards?
Answer: Granted; Vested; Forfeited