type: intrusion-set
spec_version: 2.1
id: intrusion-set--2e290bfe-93b5-48ce-97d6-edcd6d32b7cf
created: 2017-05-31T21:32:09.849Z
created_by_ref: identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5
revoked: no
external_references: source_name: mitre-attack
url: https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0047
external_id: G0047
source_name: ACTINIUM
description: (Citation: Microsoft Actinium February 2022)
source_name: DEV-0157
description: (Citation: Microsoft Actinium February 2022)
source_name: Aqua Blizzard
description: (Citation: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023)
source_name: Gamaredon Group
description: (Citation: Palo Alto Gamaredon Feb 2017)
source_name: IRON TILDEN
description: (Citation: Secureworks IRON TILDEN Profile)
source_name: Armageddon
description: (Citation: Symantec Shuckworm January 2022)
source_name: Shuckworm
description: (Citation: Symantec Shuckworm January 2022)
source_name: Primitive Bear
description: (Citation: Unit 42 Gamaredon February 2022)
source_name: ESET Gamaredon June 2020
description: Boutin, J. (2020, June 11). Gamaredon group grows its game. Retrieved June 16, 2020.
url: https://www.welivesecurity.com/2020/06/11/gamaredon-group-grows-its-game/
source_name: TrendMicro Gamaredon April 2020
description: Kakara, H., Maruyama, E. (2020, April 17). Gamaredon APT Group Use Covid-19 Lure in Campaigns. Retrieved May 19, 2020.
url: https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/gamaredon-apt-group-use-covid-19-lure-in-campaigns/
source_name: Palo Alto Gamaredon Feb 2017
description: Kasza, A. and Reichel, D. (2017, February 27). The Gamaredon Group Toolset Evolution. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
url: https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/02/unit-42-title-gamaredon-group-toolset-evolution/
source_name: Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023
description: Microsoft . (2023, July 12). How Microsoft names threat actors. Retrieved November 17, 2023.
url: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/intelligence/microsoft-threat-actor-naming?view=o365-worldwide
source_name: Microsoft Actinium February 2022
description: Microsoft Threat Intelligence Center. (2022, February 4). ACTINIUM targets Ukrainian organizations. Retrieved February 18, 2022.
url: https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2022/02/04/actinium-targets-ukrainian-organizations/
source_name: Secureworks IRON TILDEN Profile
description: Secureworks CTU. (n.d.). IRON TILDEN. Retrieved February 24, 2022.
url: https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/iron-tilden
source_name: Symantec Shuckworm January 2022
description: Symantec. (2022, January 31). Shuckworm Continues Cyber-Espionage Attacks Against Ukraine. Retrieved February 17, 2022.
url: https://symantec-enterprise-blogs.security.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/shuckworm-gamaredon-espionage-ukraine
source_name: Bleepingcomputer Gamardeon FSB November 2021
description: Toulas, B. (2018, November 4). Ukraine links members of Gamaredon hacker group to Russian FSB. Retrieved April 15, 2022.
url: https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/ukraine-links-members-of-gamaredon-hacker-group-to-russian-fsb/
source_name: Unit 42 Gamaredon February 2022
description: Unit 42. (2022, February 3). Russia’s Gamaredon aka Primitive Bear APT Group Actively Targeting Ukraine. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
url: https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/gamaredon-primitive-bear-ukraine-update-2021/
object_marking_refs: marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168
modified: 2025-10-24T01:05:47.958Z
name: Gamaredon Group
description: [Gamaredon Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0047) is a suspected Russian cyber espionage group that has targeted military, law enforcement, judiciary, non-profit, and non-governmental organizations in Ukraine since at least 2013. The name [Gamaredon Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0047) derives from a misspelling of the word "Armageddon," found in early campaigns.(Citation: Palo Alto Gamaredon Feb 2017)(Citation: TrendMicro Gamaredon April 2020)(Citation: ESET Gamaredon June 2020)(Citation: Symantec Shuckworm January 2022)(Citation: Microsoft Actinium February 2022)

In November 2021, the Ukrainian government publicly attributed [Gamaredon Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0047) to Russia’s Federal Security Service (FSB) Center 18, an assessment later supported by multiple independent cybersecurity researchers. (Citation: Bleepingcomputer Gamardeon FSB November 2021)(Citation: Microsoft Actinium February 2022)
aliases: Gamaredon Group
IRON TILDEN
Primitive Bear
ACTINIUM
Armageddon
Shuckworm
DEV-0157
Aqua Blizzard
x_mitre_modified_by_ref: identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5
x_mitre_deprecated: no
x_mitre_version: 3.2
x_mitre_attack_spec_version: 3.3.0
x_mitre_contributors: ESET
Trend Micro Incorporated
Yoshihiro Kori, NEC Corporation
Manikantan Srinivasan, NEC Corporation India
Pooja Natarajan, NEC Corporation India
x_mitre_domains: enterprise-attack