CBN MPC Communique No. 159 - September 2025
Central bank: cbn | Type: statement | Date: 2025-09-23

MONETARY POLICY COMMUNIQUE NO.159
Date: Tuesday, 23rd September 2025
Ref: CBN/MPC/COM/159/302
Attention: News Editors/Gentlemen of the Press
MONETARY POLICY RATE REDUCED TO 27.00 PER CENT
The 302nd Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN)
was held on September 22 and 23, 2025. The Committee reviewed key developments in the
global and domestic economies including the outlook. All twelve (12) members of the
Committee were in attendance.
Decisions of the MPC
The Committee decided as follows:
1. Reduce the Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) by 50 basis points to 27.00 per cent.
2. Adjust the Standing Facilities corridor around the MPR to +250/-250 basis points.
3. Adjust the CRR for commercial banks to 45 per cent while retaining that of merchant
banks at 16 per cent.
Introduce a 75 per cent CRR on non-TSA public sector deposits.
4. Keep the Liquidity Ratio unchanged at 30.00 per cent.
The Committee’s decision to lower the monetary policy rate was predicated on the
sustained disinflation recorded in the past five months, projections of declining inflation for
the rest of 2025 and the need to support economic recovery efforts. The MPC also adjusted
the Standing Facilities corridor to improve the efficiency of the interbank market and
strengthen monetary policy transmission. The Committee further introduced a 75 per cent
CRR on non-TSA public sector deposits for enhanced liquidity management.
MONETARY POLICY COMMUNIQUE NO.159
Considerations
The MPC expressed satisfaction with the prevailing macroeconomic stability , evidenced by
the improvements in several indicators. These include the sustained disinflation, improved
output growth, stable exchange rate and robust external reserves. It particularly noted the
increased momentum of disinflation in August 2025, being the highest in the past five
months. Th is deceleration, underpinned by monetary policy tightening, exchange rate
stability, increased capital inflows, and surplus current account balance , have helped to
broadly anchor inflation expectations. Other factors that contributed to the deceleration
include the continued moderation in the price of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) and the
notable increase in c rude oil production. In the view of the Committee, the stability in the
macroeconomic environment offered some headroom for monetary policy to support
economic recovery.
Notwithstanding the consistent deceleration in inflation, the Committee observed the
persistent build -up of excess liquidity in the banking system, resulting largely from fiscal
releases emerging from improved revenues. Being mindful of the need to preserve the
prevailing macroeconomic stability, the MPC noted the risk posed by excess liquidity in the
banking system.
Members noted that effective functioning of the interbank market remains critical to
enhanced transmission of monetary policy. This, therefore, informed the decision to adjust
the width of the standing facilities corridor to boost interbank market transactions and
enhance the stability of the market.
The Committee acknowledged the continued stability of the foreign exchange market and
its critical importance in achieving rapid disinflation, and therefore called on the Bank to
continue the implementation of policies that would further boost capital inflows and deepen
foreign exchange liquidity.
On the financial sector, the MPC noted the continued resilience of the banking system, with
most of the financial soundness indicators remaining within their respective prudential
benchmarks. Members also acknowledged the significant progress in the ongo ing bank
MONETARY POLICY COMMUNIQUE NO.159
recapitalization exercise, as fourteen (14) banks have fully met the new capital requirement.
They therefore urged the Bank to continue the implementation of policies and initiatives
that would ensure the successful completion of the ongoing recapitalisation exercise.
The Committee further noted the successful termination of forbearance measures and
waivers on single obligors , which ha s helped to promote transparency, risk management
and long-term financial stability in the banking system. The MPC reassured the public that
the impact of the removal of forbearance is transitory and does not pose any threat to the
soundness and stability of the banking system.
Price and Other Domestic Developments
Headline inflation (year-on-year) moderated further to 20.12 per cent in August 2025, from
21.88 per cent in July, driven by the decline in both food and core inflation. On a month-on-
month basis, headline Inflation also decreased to 0.74 per cent in August 2025 from 1.99 per
cent in the preceding month. Similarly, core inflation (year-on-year) eased to 20.33 per cent
in August 2025, from 2 1.33 per cent in July, due to the slowdown in the cost of services,
housing and utilities, as well as transport and logistics. Food inflation (year -on-year) also
moderated to 21.87 per cent in August 2025, from 22.74 per cent in July, attributed to the
decline in the prices of staples, especially rice, guinea corn, maize and millet.
On output, the recently released GDP for the second quarter of 2025 showed the sustained
resilience of the Nigerian economy with a real growth rate of 4.23 per cent (year-on-year)
compared to 3.13 percent in the first quarter of 2025. The Committee particularly noted the
significant improvement in the performa nce of the oil sector which grew by 20.46 per cent
compared to 1.87 per cent in the preceding quarter, a positive development that is expected
to further bolster foreign exchange reserves and sustain stability in the foreign exchange
market. In this regard, the Committee commended the efforts of the Federal Government
and c alled for continued vigilance to strengthen the momentum of security across the
country in order to increase oil output and food production.
MONETARY POLICY COMMUNIQUE NO.159
Gross external reserves remained robust at US$43.05 billion on September 1 1, 2025,
compared with US$40.51 billion at end -July 2025 with an import cover of 8.28 months .
Similarly, the Q2 2025 current account balance recorded a significant surplus of US$5.28
billion compared with US$2.85 billion in Q1 2025.
Global Developments
Available projections indicate that global output recovery is expected to improve on the back
of favourable trade negotiations and monetary policy easing , particularly in the advanced
economies. However, persistent geopolitical tensions and li ngering trade uncertainties
could disrupt global supply chains and dampen the outlook.
Global inflation is projected to sustain its deceleration, albeit, at a slower pace, due to the
impact of trade tariffs and other structural challenges. This trajector y has necessitated a
cautious and data -dependent approach to monetary policy easing by central banks,
especially in emerging markets and developing economies.
Outlook
Staff projections suggest a sustained disinflation over the coming months, driven by th e
lagged effects of previous rate hikes, continued stability in the foreign exchange market, and
decline in the price of PMS. Furthermore, the onset of the harvest season is expected to
increase local food supply, moderate food prices and contribute to the overall decline in
inflation.
In its commitment to achieving the core mandate of price stability, t he Committee will
remain proactive through a data-driven policy response.
The next meeting of the Committee is scheduled for Monday, 24th and Tuesday, 25th
November 2025.
Thank you.
Olayemi Cardoso
MONETARY POLICY COMMUNIQUE NO.159
Governor,
September 23, 2025.