atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
Also in March 2020, Deutsche Telekom shared aggregated phone location data with the German federal government agency, Robert Koch Institute, in order to research and prevent the spread of the virus.
同样在 2020 年 3 月，德国电信与德国联邦政府机构罗伯特·科赫研究所共享汇总的手机位置数据，以便研究并防范病毒扩散。
Russia deployed facial recognition technology to detect quarantine breakers.
俄罗斯部署面部识别技术，检测违反隔离规定的人员。
Italian regional health commissioner Giulio Gallera said he has been informed by mobile phone operators that "40% of people are continuing to move around anyway".
意大利区域卫生专员 Giulio Gallera 指出，移动电话运营商数据显示“40% 的公民仍在四处走动”。
German government conducted a 48 hours weekend hackathon with more than 42.000 participants.
德国政府举办了一场48小时的周末黑客马拉松，参与人数超过 42,000 人。
Also the president of Estonia, Kersti Kaljulaid, made a global call for creative solutions against the spread of coronavirus.
另外，爱沙尼亚总统 Kersti Kaljulaid 呼吁在全球范围内采取创意解决方案，防止冠状病毒扩散。
Individuals may experience distress from quarantine, travel restrictions, side effects of treatment or fear of the infection itself.
隔离、出行限制、治疗副作用或担心自身感染，所有这些都可能让人困扰不已。
BBC quoted Rory O'Connor in saying, "Increased social isolation, loneliness, health anxiety, stress and an economic downturn are a perfect storm to harm people's mental health and wellbeing."
BBC 引用 Rory O'Connor 的观点，“社会孤立感、孤独感、健康焦虑、压力和经济不景气是伤害人们心理健康和福祉的完美风暴。”
The disease may take a mild course with few or no symptoms, resembling other common upper respiratory diseases such as the common cold.
这种疾病较为温和，症状很少甚至不表现症状，类似于另一些普通的上呼吸道疾病，如普通感冒。
Mild cases typically recover within two weeks, while those with severe or critical diseases may take three to six weeks to recover.
轻症病例通常在两周内可以恢复，而重症或危重症病例则可能需要三至六周才能恢复。
Pregnant women may be at higher risk for severe infection with COVID-19 based on data from other similar viruses, like SARS and MERS, but data for COVID-19 is lacking.In some people, COVID-19 may affect the lungs causing pneumonia.
据其他类似病毒（如 SARS 和 MERS）数据显示，孕妇发展成 COVID-19 重症患者的风险较高，但缺乏 COVID-19 数据支持。COVID-19 可能会对部分人的肺部产生影响，进而引发肺炎。
In those most severely affected, COVID-19 may rapidly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) causing respiratory failure, septic shock or multi-organ failure.
在受影响最严重的地区，COVID-19 可能迅速发展成为急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS)，进而导致呼吸衰竭、败血性休克或多器官功能衰竭。
Complications associated with COVID-19 include sepsis, abnormal clotting and damage to the heart, kidneys and liver.
COVID-19 相关并发症包括败血症、凝血异常，以及心脏、肾脏和肝脏损伤。
Clotting abnormalities, specifically an increase in prothrombin time, have been described in 6% of those admitted to hospital with COVID-19, while abnormal kidney function is seen in 4% of this group.
6% 的 COVID-19 入院患者存在凝血异常，尤其是凝血酶原时间延长，同时该组有 4% 的患者出现肾功能异常。
Approximately 20-30% of people who present with COVID-19 demonstrate elevated liver enzymes (transaminases).
约 20-30% 的 COVID-19 患者肝酶（转氨酶）升高。
According to the same report, the median time between onset of symptoms and death was ten days, with five being spent hospitalised.
据同一份报告显示，从发病到死亡的平均时间为十天，其中平均住院时间为五天。
However, patients transferred to an ICU had a median time of seven days between hospitalisation and death.
但是，转入 ICU 的患者入院到死亡的平均时间为七天。
In a study of early cases, the median time from exhibiting initial symptoms to death was 14 days, with a full range of six to 41 days.
早期病例研究发现，从出现早期症状到死亡的平均时间为 14 天，总体时间范围为 6 至 41 天。
In a study by the National Health Commission (NHC) of China, men had a death rate of 2.8% while women had a death rate of 1.7%.
中国国家卫生健康委员会 (NHC) 的一项研究发现，男性死亡率为 2.8%，女性死亡率为 1.7%。
Histopathological examinations of post-mortem lung samples show diffuse alveolar damage with cellular fibromyxoid exudates in both lungs.
尸体解剖肺部样本组织病理学检查显示，双肺均出现弥漫性肺泡损伤伴细胞纤维粘液样分泌物。
Viral cytopathic changes were observed in the pneumocytes.
肺细胞观察到病毒性细胞病变。
The lung picture resembled acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
肺部影像类似于急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS)。
In 11.8% of the deaths reported by the National Health Commission of China, heart damage was noted by elevated levels of troponin or cardiac arrest.
在中国国家卫生健康委员会报告的死亡病例中，有 11.8% 因肌钙蛋白水平升高或心脏骤停引发心脏损伤。
According to March data from the United States, 89% of those hospitalised had preexisting conditions.Availability of medical resources and the socioeconomics of a region may also affect mortality.
根据美国 3 月份发布的数据，89% 的入院患者具有既往病史。医疗资源供应和区域社会经济状况也可能影响死亡率。
Estimates of the mortality from the condition vary because of those regional differences, but also because of methodological difficulties.
鉴于区域差异和方法难度，疾病死亡率估算结果有所不同。
The under-counting of mild cases can cause the mortality rate to be overestimated.
低估轻症病例可能导致高估死亡率。
However, the fact that deaths are the result of cases contracted in the past can mean the current mortality rate is underestimated.
但是，如果病例死亡是由于之前感染所致，则可能意味着当前的死亡率被低估了。
Smokers were 1.4 times more likely to have severe symptoms of COVID-19 and approximately 2.4 times more likely to require intensive care or die compared to non-smokers.Concerns have been raised about long-term sequelae of the disease.
相较于不吸烟者，吸烟者发展成 COVID-19 重症患者的几率高出 1.4 倍，需要重症监护或致死几率高出约 2.4 倍。人们对这种疾病的长期后遗症表示担忧。
The Hong Kong Hospital Authority found a drop of 20% to 30% in lung capacity in some people who recovered from the disease, and lung scans suggested organ damage.
中国香港医院管理局发现，部分康复者的肺活量下降 20% 至 30%，肺部扫描显示器官受损。
This may also lead to post-intensive care syndrome following recovery.
另外，康复后可能面临重症监护后综合征。
As of March 2020, it was unknown if past infection provides effective and long-term immunity in people who recover from the disease.
截至 2020 年 3 月，尚不确定既往感染能否使康复者获得有效长效免疫。
Immunity is seen as likely, based on the behaviour of other coronaviruses, but cases in which recovery from COVID-19 have been followed by positive tests for coronavirus at a later date have been reported.
根据其他冠状病毒的行为特征认定可能产生免疫力，但有报道称部分 COVID-19 病例康复后不久进行冠状病毒检测呈阳性。
These cases are believed to be worsening of a lingering infection rather than re-infection.
人们认为这些病例是持续感染恶化而非再感染。
The virus is thought to be natural and have an animal origin, through spillover infection.
这种病毒被认为是自然病毒，起源于动物，通过溢出感染。
The actual origin is unknown, but by December 2019 the spread of infection was almost entirely driven by human-to-human transmission.
实际起源尚未确定，但截至 2019 年 12 月，感染范围几乎全部是人际传播。
A study of the first 41 cases of confirmed COVID-19, published in January 2020 in The Lancet, revealed the earliest date of onset of symptoms as 1 December 2019.
2020 年 1 月《柳叶刀》发表的第一批 41 例确诊 COVID-19 病例研究显示，最早发病日期为 2019 年 12 月 1 日。
Official publications from the WHO reported the earliest onset of symptoms as 8 December 2019.
WHO 官方出版物报道的最早发病日期为 2019 年 12 月 8 日。
Several measures are commonly used to quantify mortality.
通常采用几种方法量化死亡率。
These numbers vary by region and over time and are influenced by the volume of testing, healthcare system quality, treatment options, time since initial outbreak and population characteristics such as age, sex and overall health.
这些数字因地区而异，会随时间发生变化，并受检测量、卫生系统质量、治疗方案、疫情首次爆发时间以及年龄、性别和总体健康状况等人口特征的影响。
In late 2019, WHO assigned the emergency ICD-10 disease codes U07.1 for deaths from lab-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and U07.2 for deaths from clinically or epidemiologically diagnosed COVID-19 without lab-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.The death-to-case ratio reflects the number of deaths divided by the number of diagnosed cases within a given time interval.
2019 年底，WHO 将 ICD-10 紧急疾病代码 U07.1 指定给实验室确诊的 SARS-CoV-2 感染死亡病例，将 U07.2 指定给临床或流行病学诊断感染 COVID-19 但未经实验室确诊的 SARS-CoV-2 死亡病例。病死率等于给定时间范围内的死亡总数除以确诊病例总数。
Based on Johns Hopkins University statistics, the global death-to-case ratio is 6.9% (153,822/2,240,191) as of 17 April 2020.
根据约翰·霍普金斯大学的统计数据，截至 2020 年 4 月 17 日，全球病死率为 6.9% (153,822/2,240,191)。
The number varies by region.Other measures include the case fatality rate (CFR), which reflects the percent of diagnosed individuals who die from a disease, and the infection fatality rate (IFR), which reflects the percent of infected individuals (diagnosed and undiagnosed) who die from a disease.
不同地区的病死率也不同。其他一些衡量标准还包括病例死亡率 (CFR) 和感染死亡率 (IFR)，前者反映的是疾病死亡人数占确诊人数的百分比，后者反映的是疾病死亡人数占感染人数（包括确诊和未确诊人数）的百分比。
These statistics are not time bound and follow a specific population from infection through case resolution.
这些统计数据没有时间限制，并且跟踪的是特定人群从感染到病例解决的全过程。
While not all infected people develop antibodies, the presence of antibodies may provide information about how many people have been infected.
尽管并非所有感染者均会产生抗体，但抗体的存在可提供感染人数信息。
In the epicentre of the outbreak in Italy, Castiglione d'Adda, a small village of 4600, 80 (1.7%) are already dead.
意大利疫情中心 Castiglione d'Adda 是一个仅有 4600 人口的小镇，目前已有 80 人 (1.7%) 死于疫情。
In Gangelt, the disease was spread by Carnival festivals, and spread to younger people, causing a relatively lower mortality, and not all COVID-19 deaths may have been formally classified as such.
在 Gangelt，疫情通过各种狂欢节日扩散蔓延，甚至波及年轻人，但死亡率相对较低，并非所有 COVID-19 死亡病例均正式归类。
Furthermore, the German health system has not been overwhelmed.
此外，德国医疗体系已不堪重负。
In the Netherlands, about 3% may have antibodies, as assessed from blood donors.
经献血者评估显示，约有 3% 的荷兰公民可能具有抗体。
69 (0.004% of the population) have been confirmed to have died from COVID-19.
截至目前为止，确认已有 69 人（占人口总数的 0.004%）死于 COVID-19。
The impact of the pandemic and its mortality rate are different for men and women.
疫情影响及死亡率因性别而异。
Mortality is higher in men in studies conducted in China and Italy.
中国和意大利研究显示，男性的死亡率高于女性。
The highest risk for men is in their 50s, with the gap between men and women closing only at 90.
50-60 岁男性死亡风险最高，仅有 90 岁年龄段的性别差距相近。
In China, the death rate was 2.8 percent for men and 1.7 percent for women.
中国男性死亡率为 2.8%，女性死亡率为 1.7%。
The exact reasons for this sex-difference is not known, but genetic and behavioural factors could be a reason.
产生这种性别差异的确切原因尚不明朗，但可能由遗传和行为因素导致。
Sex-based immunological differences, lesser prevalence of smoking in women and men developing co-morbid conditions such as hypertension at a younger age than women could have contributed to the higher mortality in men.
基于性别的免疫学差异，女性吸烟率较低，男性出现合并症（如高血压）的年龄低于女性，因而导致男性死亡率高于女性。
In Europe, 57% of the infected individuals were men and 72% of those died with COVID-19 were men.
在欧洲，男性感染者占 57%，因 COVID-19 致死的总人数中男性占比更是高达 72%。
As of April 2020, the US government is not tracking sex-related data of COVID-19 infections.
截至 2020 年 4 月，美国政府尚未跟踪 COVID-19 感染的性别相关数据。
Research has shown that viral illnesses like Ebola, HIV, influenza and SARS affect men and women differently.
研究表明，埃博拉病毒、HIV、流感和 SARS 等病毒性疾病对男性和女性造成的影响有所不同。
A higher percentage of health workers, particularly nurses, are women, and they have a higher chance of being exposed to the virus.
女性卫生工作者（特别是护士）的比例较高，接触病毒的几率也较高。
The World Health Organization announced on 11 February 2020 that the official name of the disease would be "COVID-19".
2020 年 2 月 11 日，世界卫生组织宣布将这种疾病正式命名为 "COVID-19"。
WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus explained that CO stands for corona, VI for virus, D for disease, and 19 for when the outbreak was first identified: 31 December 2019.
WHO 负责人 Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus 对此做出了解释：CO 代表“冠状”，VI 代表“病毒”，D 代表“疾病”，19 代表疫情首次爆发时间（2019 年 12 月 31 日）。
The name had been chosen to avoid references to a specific geographical location (e.g. China), animal species or group of people, in line with international recommendations for naming aimed at preventing stigmatisation.The virus that causes COVID-19 is named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
之所以选择这个名称，是为了避免引用特定的地理位置（例如，中国）、动物物种或人群，以符合防止污名化的国际命名建议。引发 COVID-19 的病毒称为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 型 (SARS-CoV-2)。
The WHO additionally uses "the COVID-19 virus" and "the virus responsible for COVID-19" in public communications.
此外，WHO 还在大众传播中使用“COVID-19 病毒”及“引发 COVID-19 的病毒”。
Both the disease and virus are commonly referred to as "coronavirus".
疾病和病毒通称为“冠状病毒”。
During the initial outbreak in Wuhan, China, the virus and disease were commonly referred to as "coronavirus" and "Wuhan coronavirus".
中国武汉初次爆发疫情期间，人们普遍将病毒和疾病称为“冠状病毒”和“武汉冠状病毒”。
In January 2020, WHO recommended 2019-nCov and 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease as interim names for the virus and disease in accordance with 2015 guidance against using locations in disease and virus names.
2020 年 1 月，WHO 根据 2015 年关于在疾病和病毒名称中使用位置的指南，建议将 2019-nCov 和 2019-nCoV 急性呼吸道疾病作为临时病毒和疾病名称。
The official names COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 were issued on 11 February 2020.
2020 年 2 月 11 日发布正式名称 COVID-19 和 SARS-CoV-2。
Due to capacity limitations in the standard supply chains, some digital manufacturers are printing healthcare material such as nasal swabs and ventilator parts.
鉴于标准供应链存在容量限制，一些数字制造商开始打印卫生保健材料，如鼻拭子和呼吸器部件。
In one example, when an Italian hospital urgently required a ventilator valve, and the supplier was unable to deliver in the timescale required, a local startup reverse-engineered and printed the required 100 valves overnight.
举例来说，一家意大利医院急需通风阀，供应商无法在要求的时间内交付部件，一家本地初创公司进行逆向工程，一夜之间打印出所需的 100 个通风阀。
After the initial outbreak of COVID-19, conspiracy theories, misinformation and disinformation emerged regarding the origin, scale, prevention, treatment and other aspects of the disease and rapidly spread online.
最初爆发 COVID-19 疫情后，关于疾病起源、规模、预防、治疗及其他方面的阴谋论、错误信息和虚假信息铺天盖地，通过网络迅速传播。
Humans appear to be capable of spreading the virus to some other animals.
人类似乎能够将病毒传播给另一些动物。
The study failed to find evidence of viral replication in pigs, ducks, and chickens.
研究未在猪、鸭和鸡体内发现病毒复制的证据。
No medications or vaccine is approved to treat the disease.
目前尚未批准任何用于治疗这种疾病的药物或疫苗。
International research on vaccines and medicines in COVID-19 are underway by government organisations, academic groups and industry researchers.
政府机构、学术团体和行业研究人员正在积极开展国际研究，研发治疗 COVID-19 的疫苗和药物。
In March, the World Health Organization initiated the "SOLIDARITY Trial" to assess treatment effects of four existing antiviral compounds with the most promise of efficacy.
3 月，世界卫生组织发起“团结试验”，评估目前最有可能产生疗效的四种现有抗病毒化合物的治疗效果。
There is no available vaccine, but various agencies are actively developing vaccine candidates.
目前尚无疫苗，但各级机构都在积极研发候选疫苗。
Previous work on SARS-CoV is being utilised because SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 both use the ACE2 receptor to enter human cells.
由于 SARS-CoV 和 SARS-CoV-2 均通过 ACE2 受体进入人类细胞，因此需要利用 SARS-CoV 先前的工作成果。
There are three vaccination strategies being investigated.
人们正在研究三种疫苗策略。
First, researchers aim to build a whole virus vaccine.
首先，研究人员计划研发全病毒疫苗。
The use of such a virus, be it inactive or dead, aims to elicit a prompt immune response of the human body to a new infection with COVID-19.
利用此类病毒，无论是非活性病毒还是死亡病毒，其目的是在新感染 COVID-19 时激起人体的迅速免疫反应。
A second strategy, subunit vaccines, aims to create a vaccine that sensitises the immune system to certain subunits of the virus.
第二种策略是研发亚单位疫苗，旨在研制一种激发免疫系统对病毒的某些亚单位做出敏感反应的疫苗。
In the case of SARS-CoV-2, such research focuses on the S-spike protein that helps the virus intrude the ACE2 enzyme receptor.
在 SARS-CoV-2 案例中，此类研究集中专研辅助病毒侵入 ACE2 酶受体的 S 刺突蛋白。
A third strategy is that of the nucleic acid vaccines (DNA or RNA vaccines, a novel technique for creating a vaccination).
第三种策略是研制核酸疫苗（DNA 疫苗或 RNA 疫苗，一种新型疫苗研制技术）。
Experimental vaccines from any of these strategies would have to be tested for safety and efficacy.On 16 March 2020, the first clinical trial of a vaccine started with four volunteers in Seattle.
必须对上述各项策略研制的试验疫苗的安全性和有效性进行测试。2020 年 3 月 16 日，四名西雅图志愿者发起了首次疫苗临床试验。
The vaccine contains a harmless genetic code copied from the virus that causes the disease.Antibody dependent enhancement has been suggested as a potential challenge for vaccine development for SARS-COV-2, but this is controversial.
疫苗含有从引发疾病的病毒复制而来的无害基因序列。人们一直认为抗体依赖性增强作用可能成为开发 SARS-COV-2 疫苗过程中面临的一大挑战，但这种说法存在争议。
There are more than 300 active clinical trials underway as of April 2020.
截至 2020 年 4 月，开展的临床试验共有 300 多项。
Seven trials were evaluating already approved treatments for malaria, including four studies on hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine.
七项试验完成评估并获准用于治疗疟疾，包括四项关于羟氯喹或氯喹的研究。
Repurposed antiviral drugs make up most of the Chinese research, with nine phase III trials on remdesivir across several countries due to report by the end of April.
转换抗病毒药物用途占中国研究的绝大部分，4 月底之前将在多个国家进行九项关于瑞德西韦的 III 期临床试验。
A dynamic review of clinical development for COVID-19 vaccine and drug candidates was in place, as of April 2020.Several existing antiviral medications are being evaluated for treatment of COVID-19, including remdesivir, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir combined with interferon beta.
截至 2020 年 4 月，已开始对 COVID-19 疫苗和候选药物的临床开发情况进行动态审查。目前正在评估几种治疗 COVID-19 的现有抗病毒药物，包括瑞德西韦、氯喹和羟氯喹、洛匹那韦/利托那韦及洛匹那韦/利托那韦组合干扰素 β。
There is tentative evidence for efficacy by remdesivir, as of March 2020.
截至 2020 年 3 月，瑞德西韦的疗效已得到初步证实。
Clinical improvement was observed in patients treated with compassionate-use remdesivir.
经观察发现，采用同情用药瑞德西韦治疗的患者的临床症状有所缓解。
Phase III clinical trials are being conducted in the US, China and Italy.Chloroquine, previously used to treat malaria, was studied in China in February 2020, with preliminary results.
现阶段美国、中国和意大利正在开展 III 期临床试验。2020 年 2 月，中国启动氯喹（过去用来治疗疟疾）研究并取得初步结果。
However, there are calls for peer review of the research.
但是，有人呼吁对这项研究实施同行评审。
Korean and Chinese Health Authorities recommend the use of chloroquine.
韩国和中国卫生主管部门建议使用氯喹。
However, the Wuhan Institute of Virology, while recommending a daily dose of one gram, notes that twice that dose is highly dangerous and could be lethal.
但是，武汉病毒学研究所建议每天服用 1 克，同时提醒两倍剂量非常危险，甚至可能致命。
On 28 March 2020, the FDA issued an emergency use authorisation for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine at the discretion of physicians treating people with COVID-19.The Chinese 7th edition guidelines also include interferon, ribavirin or umifenovir for use against COVID-19.
2020 年 3 月 28 日，FDA 签发了氯喹和羟氯喹紧急使用授权，但医生有权决定是否使用上述两种药物治疗 COVID-19 患者。中国第七版指南还提出使用干扰素、利巴韦林或盐酸阿比朵尔治疗 COVID-19。
Preliminary data indicate that high doses of ribavirin are necessary to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro.
初步数据表明，高剂量利巴韦林在体外对 SARS-CoV-2 具有抑制作用。
Nitazoxanide has been recommended for further in vivo study after demonstrating low concentration inhibition of SARS-CoV-2.Studies have demonstrated that initial spike protein priming by transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) is essential for entry of SARS-CoV-2 via interaction with the ACE2 receptor.
在证实 SARS-CoV-2 的低浓度抑制作用后，建议使用硝唑尼特开展进一步的体内研究。研究表明，跨膜蛋白酶丝氨酸 2 (TMPRSS2) 引发的原始刺突蛋白是 SARS-CoV-2 与 ACE2 受体相互作用进入人体的必要条件。
The studies of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin have major limitations that have prevented the medical community from embracing these therapies without further study.Oseltamivir does not inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and has no known role in COVID-19 treatment.
无论是否与阿奇霉素结合使用，氯喹和羟氯喹研究均存在严重局限性，除非经进一步研究，否则医学界无法接受这些疗法。奥司他韦在体外对 SARS-CoV-2 没有抑制作用，而且尚未发现对 COVID-19 具有治疗效果。
Cytokine storm can be a complication in the later stages of severe COVID-19.
细胞因子风暴可能成为 COVID-19 重症患者后期治疗的并发症。
There is evidence that hydroxychloroquine may have anti-cytokine storm properties.Tocilizumab has been included in treatment guidelines by China's National Health Commission after a small study was completed.
有证据表明，羟氯喹可能具有抗细胞因子风暴特性。在完成一项小型研究后，中国国家卫生健康委员会将托珠单抗列入治疗指南。
It is undergoing a phase 2 non randomised test at the national level in Italy after showing positive results in people with severe disease.
继重症患者检测结果呈阳性后，意大利正在进行国家级 2 期非随机试验。
Combined with a serum ferritin blood test to identify cytokine storms, it is meant to counter such developments, which are thought to be the cause of death in some affected people.
结合血清铁蛋白血液检测，识别细胞因子风暴，旨在遏制病情发展，而细胞因子风暴被认为会导致部分感染者死亡。
The interleukin-6 receptor antagonist was approved by the FDA based on retrospective case studies for treatment of steroid refractory cytokine release syndrome induced by a different cause, CAR T cell therapy, in 2017.
2017 年，在回顾性病例研究的支持下，FDA 批准使用白细胞介素 6 受体拮抗剂治疗由其他原因引起的类固醇难治性细胞因子释放综合征，即 CAR T 细胞疗法。
To date, there is no randomised, controlled evidence that tocilizumab is an efficacious treatment for CRS.
迄今为止，尚无随机对照证据证明托珠单抗可有效治疗 CRS。
Transferring purified and concentrated antibodies produced by the immune systems of those who have recovered from COVID-19 to people who need them is being investigated as a non-vaccine method of passive immunisation.
目前正在研究抽取 COVID-19 康复者免疫系统产生的纯化浓缩抗体，注射给需要抗体的人们，在疫苗研制成功之前作为被动免疫疗法。
This strategy was tried for SARS with inconclusive results.
SARS 疫情期间曾尝试过这项策略，但疗效尚无定论。
Viral neutralisation is the anticipated mechanism of action by which passive antibody therapy can mediate defence against SARS-CoV-2.
病毒中和是被动抗体疗法介导 SARS-CoV-2 免疫防御的一种预期作用机制。
Other mechanisms however, such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and/or phagocytosis, may be possible.
不过，抗体依赖性细胞毒性和/或吞噬作用等其他一些机制也可达到同样的效果。
Other forms of passive antibody therapy, for example, using manufactured monoclonal antibodies, are in development.
目前正在开发其他形式的被动抗体疗法，例如使用人造单克隆抗体。
Production of convalescent serum, which consists of the liquid portion of the blood from recovered patients and contains antibodies specific to this virus, could be increased for quicker deployment.
康复期血清产生量可能会增加，有利于快速部署。血清由康复患者血液的液态部分构成，其中包含针对这种病毒的特异性抗体。
Coronavirus diseases, a group of closely related syndromes
冠状病毒疾病，一组密切相关的综合征
Li Wenliang, a doctor at Central Hospital of Wuhan, who later contracted and died of COVID-19 after raising awareness of the spread of the virus.
武汉市中心医院医生李文亮提高了对新冠病毒传播的认识，而后不幸染上 COVID-19 并去世。