atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
First of all, their relatively high mutation rates in RNA replication.
እቲ ቀዳማይን ናይ መጀመርያን፡ ናይ ልውጢ ደረጃ ነቲ ናይ RNA ናይ ምርባሕ መስርሕን።
In comparison to other single-stranded RNA viruses, the estimated mutation rates of CoVs could be regarded as “moderate” to “high” with an average substitution rate being ~10-4 substitution per year per site 2, depending on the phase of CoV adaptation to novel hosts.
ምስቶም ንጽል ዝፈትሎም ናይ RNA ቫይረሳት ብምምስሳል፡ እቲ ኣብ መጻኢ ዝግምገም ለውጢ ወይ ምቅይያራት ከም ‘’ማእከላይ’’ ናብ ‘’ ላዕለዋይ’’ ክረአ ይኽእል፡ እቲ ማእኸላይ ናይ ለውጢ መጠን/ደረጃ ዳርጋ ናብ~10-4 ምቅይያራት ኣብ ሓደ ዓመት ናይ ሳይት 2፡ ክጸጋጋዕ እንከሎ፡ እዚ ድማ ኣብቲ ናይ CoVs ምውህሃድ ናብ ናይ ኖቨል ኣኣንገድቲ ዝተመርኮሰ ኢዩ።
CoVs have a proof-reading exoribonuclease, deletion of which results in exceedingly high mutability and attenuation or even inviability.
CoVs፡ ናይ ናይ አጾሪቦኒክለስ (exoribonuclease) ምርግጋጽ፡ ምድምሳስ ክእለት ኣለዎም፡ እዚ ድማ ብብዝሒ ን ናይ ለውጢ ምድኻም ወይውን ምምዕባል ሳዕቤናት የቃልዕ።
Interestingly, the nucleotide analogue Remdesivir is known to suppress CoV replication through inhibition of this exoribonuclease and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
ኣገራሚ ነገር ድማ፡ እቲ ኒውክሎታይድ ኣናሎግ ረምደሲቪር ነቲ ናይ CoV ምብዛሕ ፡ ብ መስርሕ ናይ እስረት ናይ ኤዞሪባይኒክለስን RNA-ተሞርካሲ ፖሊመራይዝ ፡ ብምጥቃም ከተዓናቕፎ ይኽእል
Remdesivir is one of most promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents to be tested in clinical trials.
ረምደስቪሪ ሓደ ካብቶም ተስፋ ዝግበረሎም ናይ ጸረ-SARS-CoV-2 ወኪል ኮይኑ፡ ኣብ ክሊኒካት ድማ ክምርመር ተኽእሎታት ኣለዎ።
Nevertheless, mutation rates of CoVs are about a million times higher than those of their hosts.
እንተኾነ'ኳ መጠናት ለውጢ ናይ ኮሮናቫይረስ ከባቢሚልዮን ግዜ ካብ መዕቆቢዕም ይልዕል።
In addition, mutation rate is often high when CoVs are not well adapted to the host.
ከም ተወሳኺ፡ እቲ ናይ ለውጢ ደረጃ ኣዝዩ ክዓቢ ይኽእል ኢዩ CoVs ምስቲ ኣኣንጋዲ ጽቡቕ ጌሮም ኣብ ዘይተወሃሃዱሉ እዋን።
Compared to SARS-CoV with a high mutation rate, the mutation rate of SARS-CoV-2 is apparently lower, suggestive of a higher level of adaptation to humans.
SARS-CoV-2 ምስቲ ልዑል ናይ ጀነቲካዊ ምልውዋጥ ባህሪ ዘለዎ SARS-CoV ክነጻጸር እንከሎ፡ ትሑት እዩ። እዚ ድማ ኣብ ሰባት ልዑል ናይ ምልምማድ ባህሪኡ ይገልጸልና።
Presumably, it has already been adapted to another host close to humans.
ድሮ ናብቶም ንሰብ ዝመሳሰሉ ኣጸጋዕቲ ፍጥረታትውን እንተኾነ ተመሳሳሊ ምልምማድ ዘጥረየ ይመስል።
In addition to SARS-CoV-2, this also applies to MERS-CoV, which is well adapted to dromedary camels.
ከም ተወሳኺ ን SARS-CoV-2፡ እዚ ናብ MERS-CoV ውን ይትግበር ኢዩ፡ ከምኡ’ውን ምስተን ድሮመታርይ ዝተባሕላ ዓለት ገመል ተወሃሂዱ ኢዩ
Theoretically, it is unlikely that genetic drift would render vaccines and antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 ineffective quickly.
ብሓሳብ፡ እቲ ጀነቲካዊ ምጥምዛዝ ነቲ ናይ ክታበትን ጸረ-ቫይረስ መስርሕን መስርሕን፡ ዘይተግባራዊ ንክኸውን ክገብሮ ተኽእሎታት ኣለዎ
Second, the large RNA genome in CoVs exerts extra plasticity in genome modification for mutations and recombination, thereby increasing the probability for interspecies co-evolution, which is advantageous for the emergence of novel CoVs when the conditions become appropriate.
ካልኣይ፡ ዝዓበየ RNA ጂኖም ኣብ CoVs ተወሳኪ ተለዋዋጥነት ንልዉጠትን ዳግመ ምሕዋስን ናይ ጂኖም ምምሕያሽ ተጠቂሙ፡ ካብኡ ከኣ ምዉሳክ ተክእሎታት ንንኣሽቱ ህይወታውያን ሓባራዊ ፍልቀት ንምክሳት ኖቭል CoVs ኣብ ሙቹእ ኩነታት ጠቃሚ እዩ።
This is supported by the copious unique open reading frames and protein functions encoded towards the 3′ end of the genome.
ኢ ድማ በቲ ኮፒዮስ ፍሉይ ናይ ምንባብ ፎርማ ከምኡ’ውን ናይ ፡ፕሮቲን ጂን ፡ስርሓት ኣብ 3’ይ መወዳእታ ኢንኮደ ዝተገብረ ኢዩ
Third, CoVs randomly and frequently switch templates during RNA replication through a unique “copy-choice” mechanism.
ሳልሳይ፡ CoVs ብስዉርን ቀጻልን ለውጢ ሓጺን ኣብ ናይ ኣርኤንኤምርባሕ ብ ዝተፈላለየ "ቅዳሕ ምርጫ" ኣገባብ ይልወጥ።
In a host that serves as the mixing vessel, strand switching occurs frequently during CoV RNA transcription.
እቲ ኣኣንጋዲን ከም መሐወሲ በርሚል ዝጠቅም፡ እቲ ናይ ፈትሊ ምልውዋጥ ፡ ኣብ ግዜ እቲ CoV RNA ዝቕደሓሉ ብብዝሒ ምልውዋጥ የርኢ።
Highly homologous full-length and subgenomic RNAs could recombine to generate new CoVs.
እቶም ኣዝማድን ነዋሕቲን ሳብጎኖሚክን RNAs ከም እንደገና ተራኺቦም ሓደ ሓድሽ CoVs ከቑሙ ኣለዎም።
Phylogenetic evidence of natural recombination has been found in both HCoV-HKU1 and HCoV-OC43, as well as animal CoVs such as bat SL-CoV and batCoV-HKU9.
ፊሎጀነቲክ መረዳእታ ናይ ተፈጥሮኣዊ ዳግመ ምሕዋስ ኣብ ክልቲኡ HCoV-HKU1 ን HCoV-OC43 ማዕረ ማዕሪኡ ናይ እንስሳ CoVs ከም ባዓል መንካዕ SL-CoV ን batCoV-HKU9።
Virus-host interaction in relation to transmission
መዕቆቢ ሂወታውያን ዝምድና ብመንጽር ምትሕልላፍ
Besides three viral factors stated above, viral interaction with host receptor is another key factor influential on interspecies transmission.
ጎድኒ ጎድኒ፡ 3 ቫይረሳዊ ረቓሒታት ኣብ ላዕሊ ዝተጠቕሱ፡ እቲ ናይ ቫይረስ ምትንኻፍ/ምርኻብ ምስ ኣኣንገድቲ ተቐበልቲ ፡ ካልእ ቀንዲ ረቓሒ ኣብ ናይ ሓደ ዓይነት ዓሌት ዘለዎም እንስሳታት፡ ናይ ምምሕልላፍ ተኽእሎ ኢዩ።
Herein, recombination of SARS-CoV is taken as a typical example, which also showed evidence of positive selection during interspecies transmission events.
ኣብዚ፣ ዳግማይ-ምግሃድ ናይ SARS-CoV ከም ብሉጽ ኣብነት ክውሰድ ጸኒሑ፡ እዚ ድማ መረጋገጺ ናይ ሓደ ኣወንታዊ ምርጫ ኣብ ግዜ ምምሕልላፍ ናይ ሕማማት ኣብ መንጎ ሓደ ዝዓሌቶም እንስሳታት የርኢ
Based on the comparative analysis between isolates of human and civet SARS-CoVs, SARS-CoV is thought to undergo rapid adaptation in different hosts, particularly with mutations at the RBD of the S protein.
ኣብ ዝተነጻጸረ መጽናዕቲ ናይ ዝተፈልዩ ዓይነት ሰባትን civet SARS-CoVs ብምንጽጻር፡ SARS- CoV ኣብ ዝተፈላለየ ኣኣንገድቲ ቅልጡፍ ዝኾነ ምልምማድን ምውህሃድን ኣርእዩ፡ ብፍላይ ድማ ምስ ልዉጣት RBD ናይ S protein
Generally, the RBD in the S protein of a CoV interacts with the cellular receptor and is intensely selected by the host antibody response.
ሓፈሻዊ ነቲ ናይ RBD ኣብ S ፕሮቲን ናይ CoV ምስ ተቐበልቲ ዋህዮትት ምስምማዓት ኣለዎ፡ እዚ ድማ በቲ ኣኣንጋዲ ጸረ-ነፍሲ ናይ ምክልኻል ኣካል ኢዩ ዝምረጽ
In SARS-CoV, the RBD is in the 318th to 510th amino acids on the S1 fragment, which binds to the human ACE2 as well as its coreceptors for viral entry.
ኣብ SARS-CoV, እቲ ናይ RBD መስርዕ ፡ ኣብ መበል 318 ናይ መበል 510 ናይ ኣሚኖ ኣሲድ ናይ S1 ፍንጫላት ኮይኑ፡ እዚ ድማ ን ናይ ሰባት ACE2 ፡ ነቲ ናይ ቫይረስ ምትእትታው ተቀበልቲ ዘማእከለን ኢዩ፡
The RBD of SARS-CoV is capable of recognizing the ACE2 receptors of various animals, including bat, civet, mouse and raccoon dog, allowing interspecies transmission of the virus.
እቲ RBD ናይ SARS-CoV ነቲ ACE2 ናይ እንስሳታት ተቀበልቲ ፡ ክፈልጦ ተኽእሎ ኣለዎ፡ እዚ ድማ ን መንካዕ ፡ ሲቨ፡ ኣንጭዋ፡ ረኮን ከልቢ ዘጠቃለለን ነቲ ናይ ቫይረስ ምምሕልላፍ ዘፍቅድን ኢዩ
In fact, only 6 amino acid residues were observed to be different from human and civet viral isolates in the RBD and 4 of them locate in the receptor-binding motif for interaction with the ACE2 receptor.
ከም ሓቂ፡ 6 ኣሚኖ ኣሲድ ጥራይ ተረፍ መረፍ ንካብ ሰባትን ዝባድን ቫይራል ዝተፈላለየ ኣብ ኣርቢዲ ን ዝተፈላለዩ ክኾኑ ትዕዝብቲ ነይሩ።ኣርባዕቲኦም ኣብ ተቀባሊ መዛዘሚ ኩነት ምዉስሳእ ምስ ACE2 ተቀባሊ ይርከብ።
Civet SARS-CoV has K479N and S487T mutations in its RBD, which might increase the affinity of the interaction of spike protein with human ACE2 receptor.
ካብ SARS-CoV ዝርከብ K479N ን S487T ለውጢ ኣብ RBD ኣለዎ፡ እዚ ድማ ንምቅርራባት ናይ ስፓይክ ፕሮቲን (spike protein) ምስ ናይ ሰባት ACE2 ተቀባሊ ስሕበት ፈጢሩ።
In other words, these two amino acid substitutions might be critical to viral adaption to humans.
ብካልእ ኣዘራርባ፡ እዞም ክልተ ምቅይያራት ናይ ኣሚኖ ኣሲድስ፡ ነቲ ናይ ቫይራል ምምስሳል ምስ ሰባት ኣስጋኢ ክኸውን ይኽእል ኢዩ
It is noteworthy that SARS-CoV-2 shares the same cellular receptor with SARS-CoV.
እቲ SARS-CoV-2 ምስ SARS-CoV ተመሳሳሊ ወይ ሓደ ዓይነት ናይ ዋህዮ ተቀበልቲ ከም ዘለዎም ክግንዘብ ኣለዎ።
A 30% difference between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in the S1 unit of the S protein implicates that the binding affinity of its S protein with human ACE2 might have altered.
እዚ 30% ናይ S ፕሮቲን ፍልልይ ኣብ መንጎ SARS-CoV-2 ን SARS-CoV S1 ናይ መዕቅኒ ኣሃዱ፡ እቲ ምምስሳል ናይ S ፕሮቲን ምስ ናይ ሰባት ACE2 ተቀይሩ ወይ ድማ ተለዊጡ ክኸውን ይኽእል ኢዩ
Indeed, a cryo-EM study indicates a 10- to 20-fold higher affinity of this binding than that between human ACE2 and SARS-CoV S protein.
ኣብ መንጎ ናይ ሰባት አይሲኢ 2 ን SARS-CoV S ፕሮቲን ዘሎ ምትእሳር 10 ክሳብ 20 ናይ ምትዕጻፍ ዝላዓለ ድሌታቱ ከም ዝኮነ cryo-EM መጽናዕቱ የመልክት።
It will also be of interest to determine whether any other coreceptor might be required for SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
ካልእ ብሓባር ዝቕበል ን SARS-CoV-2 ከማሓላልፍ ምልላይ ኣገዳሲ ኮይኑ።
Intriguingly, HCoV-NL63 also binds to ACE2 but with a different part of S.
ውዲት፡ከምኡ'ውን HCoV-NL63 ናብ ACE2 ይእሰር፡ግን ምስ ዝተፈላለየ ክፋል ናይ ኤስ እዩ።
There exist many other HCoV receptors, such as aminopeptidase N for HCoV-229E, and 9-O-acetylated sialic acid for HCoV-OC43.
ብዙሕ ካልእ ዝህሉ HCoV ፡ከም ባዓል aminopeptidase (ኣሚኖፐፕታይዳዝ) N ናይ HCoV-229E ኢ ን 9-0 ኣሰቲሌትድ ሲያሊክ ኣሲድ ናይ ኤች ኮሮናቫይረስ ን ናይ HCoV-OC43።
They might also account for successful adaptation of these CoVs in humans after interspecies transmission from their animal hosts.
እዚ ኮሮናቪረስ ኣብ ሰባት ካብ መዕቆቢ እንስሳታት ድሕሪ ምትሕለላፍ ዕዉት ዝኾነ ልምምድ ኣቑጺሩ።
In addition to cellular receptors, the outcome of interspecies transmission of HCoVs is also governed by other host dependency and restriction factors.
ከም ተወሳኺ ናይ ዋህዮታዊ ተቀበልቲ፡ እቲ ውጽኢት ናይ ኣብ መንጎ ሓደ ዓይነት ዓሌት ዘለዎም እንስሳታት ዝካየድ ናይ ሕማም ምትሕልላፍ ምስ HCoVs፡ ብ ካልኦት ኣአንገድቲ ተሞርኮስቲ ናይ ሓጹር ረቃሒታት ዝመሓደር ኢዩ።
The divergence of these host proteins between humans and natural reservoir hosts of HCoVs such as bats, dromedary camels and rodents might constitute a barrier to interspecies transmission.
እቲ ምፍንጣሕ ናይ ኣኣንገድቲ ፕሮቲን ኣብ መንጎ ደቂ ሰባትን ባህርያዊ ናይ ምቅባል ተኽእልቶታ ዘለዎም ኣኣንገድቲ HCoVs፡ ከም መንካዕ፡ ድሮመዳርይ ዓሌት ገመል፡ ከምኡ’ውንምንጽጹላይን፡ እቲ ኣብ መንጎ ሓደ ዓሌት ናይ እንስሳ ጥራይ ክኸውን ዝነበሮ ምምሕልላፍ ከልኪልዎ ክኸውን ይኽእል ኢዩ።
HCoVs have to usurp host dependency factors and subvert host restriction factors for a successful interspecies transmission.
HCoVs ዕዉት ዝኾነ ንናይ ሓድሕድ ምትሕለላፍ ንኽገብር ናይ ማዕቑቦ ተጸጋዕነትን ናይ ማዕቑቦ ቅየዳ ረቛሕን ክምንጥል ኣለዎ።
In this regard, molecular determinants in this important area of virus-host interaction remain to be identified and characterized.
በዚ መንጽር፡ሞለክዩላር ወሳኒ መዕቆቢህይወታውያንን ቫይረስንምርኻብ ክልለንባህሪኡ ገላጺ ክኸውን ክኢሉ።
An unbiased genome-wide screening of host dependency and restriction factors for SARS-CoV-2 using the state-of-the-art technology of CRISPR might be fruitful.
ወገን ዘይሕዝ ምኽልካል ን ኣኣንጋዲ ናይ ተሞርካሲ ን ሕዙእን ን ናይ SARS-CoV-2፡ እዚ ድማ ነቲ ናይ ሃገራዊ-ናይ-ጥበብ ተክኖሎጂ CRISPR ብምጥቃም ፍርያም ክኸውን ይኽእል
Emergence of novel HCoVs: back to ground zero
ህጹጽ ኹነት ናይ ዘገርም HCoVs ፡ናብ ዝታሓተ ዜሮ ወሪዱ።
The diversity of bat CoVs provides ample opportunities for the emergence of novel HCoVs.
ፍልልያት ናይባት ኮሮናቫይረስ ን ናይ ኣገራሚ HCoVs ዕድል ሂቦም።
In this sense, bat CoVs serve as the gene pool of HCoVs.
በዚ መልክዕ፡ ናይ መንካዕ CoVs ከም ናይ ጂን ፑል ናይ HCoVs ኮይኑ የገልግል።
In addition, rapid mutation and genetic recombination also drive HCoV evolution and serve as two important steps in this process.
ከም ተወሳኺ፡ ቅልጡፍ ለውጢን ናይ ጂናት ምትሕውዋስን ፡ ከም ናይ HCoV ፍልቀት ኮይኑ ከገልግል ይኽእል፡ ብተወሳኺ’ውን ከም ክልተ ኣገደስቲ ደረጃታት ናይ መስርሕ ኮይኑ ከገልግል ይኽእል።
For example, the acquisition or loss of novel protein-coding genes has the potential to drastically modify viral phenotypes.
ከም ኣብነት፡ እቲ ናይ ኖቨል ፕሮቲን-ኮድ ጊን ርኽበት ወይ ጥፍኣት ነቲ ቫይራል ፈኖታይፕ ብዓብኡ ወይ ብሰፊሕ ክቕይሮ ተኽእሎታት ኣለዎ።
Among SARS-CoV accessory proteins, ORF8 has been thought to be important in adaptation to humans, as SARS-CoV-related bat viruses were isolated but found to encode divergent ORF8 proteins.
ኣብ መንጎ ሓጋዚ ፕሮቲናት ናይ SARS-CoV ፡ ORF8 ሰባት ንምልምማድ ኣድላዪ ከምዝኸውን ትኩረት ተጌርሉ።ከም SARS-CoV -ዝዛመድ ናይ መንካዕ ቫይረሳት ተፈልዮም ኔሮም ግን ንዝተፈላለየ ORF8 ፕሮቲን ከመስጥር ተርኺቡ።
A 29-nucleotide deletion characteristic of SARS-CoVs has been found in strains isolated at the beginning of the human epidemic.
ኣብ መጀመርያ ናይ ሰባት ለበዳ፡29ንዩክሎታይድ ጠባያዊ ድምሰሳ ናይ SARS-CoVs ኣብ ፍሉይ መጉዳእቲ ተረኺቡ ኣሎ።
This deletion splits ORF8 into ORF8a and ORF8b and is thought to be an adaptive mutation that promotes the switch of hosts.
እዚ ምድምሳስ እዚ ን ORF8 ናብ ORF8a ን ORF8b ክፈላልዮም ይኽእል፡ ሓደ ኣዋሃሃዲ ለውጢ ን ምቅይያር ናይ ኣኣንገድቲ ዘቀድም ድማ ተባሂሉ ይጽዋዕ
Besides, SARS-CoV has a possible recombination history with lineages of alpha- and gamma-CoVs, where a large number of smaller recombinant regions were identified in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
ጎድኒ ጎድኑ ድማ፡ SARS-CoV ናይ ከም እንደገና ናይ ምትእኽኻብ ታሪኽ ኣብ ወለዶታት ናይ alpha-ን gamma-CoVs ኣለዎም፡ ኣብቲ RNA-ተወካሊ ናይ RNA ፖሊመረይስ ድማ ብዝሒ ቁጽሪ ዘለዎ ናይ ንኢሽተይ መተኣኻኻቢ ተረኺቢ ወይ ተፈሊጡ።
Recombination locations were also identified in the nsp9, most of nsp10, and parts of nsp14.
ዳግማይ ምሕዋስ ቦታታት ኣብ nsp9፡ዝበዝሕ ኣብ nsp10 ን ክፋል ናይ nsp14 ውን ተገሊጹ ኔሩ እዩ።
Likewise, it has been shown that the epidemic MERS-CoV experienced recombination events between different lineages, which occurred in dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia.
ከምኡ’ውን ፡ እዚ ናይ MERS-CoV ምልባዕ ፡ ኣብ ዝተፈላለየ ግዚያት ናይ ወለዶታት ዝተፈላለዩ ምትሕውዋሳት ከርኢ ክኢሉ ኢዩ፡ ከም ኣብነት ናይ ድሮምዳርይ ዓሌት ገመል ኣብ ስዑዲ-ዓረብ።
Besides SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, recombination events have also been observed in other HCoVs, in which the HCoVs recombine with other animal CoVs in their non-structural genes.
SARS-CoV ከምኡውን MERS-CoV ኣነጻጺሪካ፡ኣብ ካልእ ኤችኮቭ ፍጻሜ ናይ ዳግም ምትሕውዋስ ተራእዩ።ኣብቲ ናይ ዘይቅርጻዊ ጅን እቲ HCoVs ምስ ናይ ካልእ እንስሳ HCoVs ይሓብር።
It should also be cautioned that artificial selection can contribute to unintended changes in viral genomes, most likely resulting from relieving viruses from selection pressures exerted, such as by the host immune system.
ዝበዝሕ ተማሳሳሊ ወጽኢት ካብ ዝነበሩ ቫይረሳት ከም በዓል መዕቆቢ ስርዓት ኢምንዮ ካብ ጸቕጥታት ምርጫ ተደሪኾም ኣርተፊሻዊ ምርጫ ናብ ዘይተደለየ ለውጥታት ኣብ ጂኖም ከበርክት ስለዝኽእል ክጥንቀቐሉ ኣለዎ።
An example of these effects is the loss of a full-length ORF4 in the HCoV-229E prototype strain, owing to a two-nucleotide deletion.
ንኣብነት ናይዞም ውጽኢታት ክሳራ ናይ ሙሉእ ንውሓት ORF4 ኣብ HCoV-229E መጉዳእቲ ቀዳማይ ስራሓት እዩ።እዚ ንክልተ ናይ ኒዩክሎታይድ ድምሰሳ ይእዉዶ።
While intact ORF4 could be observed in bat and camel viruses related to HCoV-229E, the alpaca alpha-CoV displays a single nucleotide insertion, resulting in a frameshift.
ኣብ መንካዕን ገመልን ዘሎ ቫይረስ ምስ HCoV-229E ብምዝማድ ORF4 ብምልኣት ክረአ ክኢሉ።ኣልፓካ alpha-CoV ምእታው ንጽል ኒዩክሎታይድ ኣብ ዓንኬል ለውጢ ክርአ ይኽእል።
Last but not least, the evolution of novel HCoVs is also driven by the selection pressure in their reservoir hosts.
መወዳእታ ግን ከኣ ዘይዉሕድ፡ እዚ ፍልቀት ናይ ኖቭል ኤችኮቭ ብምርጫ ጸቅጢ ኣብ መዕቆሪ መዕቆቢታቶም ይወጽእ።
Asymptomatic or only mild symptoms were detected when bats were infected with CoVs, indicating the mutual adaptation between CoVs and bats.
ፈኪስ ምልክታት ወይ ዳርጋ ዘይረ እዩ ምልክታት እቶም መናካዕ ብ CoVs ምስተለኽፉ ክረኣይ ጀሚሩ ፡ እዚ ድማ ተማላላኢ ምውህሃድ ኣብ መንጎ CoVs ን መናክዕን ዘርኢ ኢዩ።
It appeared that bats are well adapted to CoVs anatomically and physiologically.
ከምቲ ተበጺሑ ዘሎ ጸብጻብ መንካዕ ነዚ CoVs ብ ኣካልን ብውሽጢን ተወሃሂዳቶ ከም ዘላ ኢዩ።
For example, defects in the activation of pro-inflammatory response in bats efficiently reduce the pathology triggered by CoVs.
ከም ኣብነት፡ ኣንጻር ቁጥዐን ነድሪን ዝከላኸል መስርሕ ኣብ መንካዕ ናይ ጸረ ሕማም ዝግበር ንጥፈታት ውን ብ CoVs ብምጅማር ይጸልዎ፡፡
Besides, the natural killer cell activity in bats is suppressed due to upregulation of inhibitory natural killer cell receptor NKG2/CD94 and low expression level of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules.
ጎኒ ጎኒ ድማ፡ እቲ ቀታሊ ዋህዮ መስርሕ ኣብ ውሽጢ መንካዕ ተዓቢጡ ኢዩ፡ እዚ ድማ በቲ ባህርያዊ ዓንቃፊን ቀታሊን ዋህዮ NKG2/CD94 ባህርያት ዝመጸ ኮይኑ፡ ኣብ መንጎ እቶ ሓደ ዓይነት ቲሹ ዘለዎም ውልቀኛታት ናይ ምውህሃድን ዝተሓላለኸ ደረጃ 1 ዘለዎ ናይ ሞሎኪላት መስርሓትን ዘጠቃለለ ኢዩ።
Moreover, the high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from high metabolic activity of bats could both suppress CoV replication and affects proofreading by exoribonuclease, thus providing the selection pressure for the generation of virus strains highly pathogenic when introduced into a new host.
ብተወሳኺ እቲ ዝለዓለ ጽፍሒ ናይ ጂር ግብረመልሳዊ ኦክስጂን (ROS) ልዑል ንጥፈታት ካብ metabolic (ሜታቦሊክ) ናይ መንካዕ ይወጽእ። ንናይ CoV ምድቓል ክጸቅጥን ዳግመ ግምት ብ ኤግዞሪቦንዩክሊዝ ክጸሉን ይኽእል።ኣብ ሓድሽ መዕቆቢ ክኣቱ እንከሎ ዝለዓለ ሰበብ ሕማም የምጽእ።
More pathogenic CoV strains might also evolve by recombination, leading to the acquisition of novel proteins or protein features for host adaptation.
ዝበዝሐ ሰበብ ሕማም CoV ብ ዳግመ ምትሕውዋስ ክፈልቕ ይኽእል፡እዚ ናብ ምግዛእ ናይዘደንቕ ፕሮቲንስ ወይ ባህርያት ናይ ፕሮቲን መዕቆቢ ሂወታውያን ንምርዓም ይመርሕ።
Thus, it is not by chance that three novel HCoVs have emerged in the past two decades.
እምብኣርከስ፡እቶም 3 ኣደነቕቲ HCoVs ኣብ ዝሓለፈ 2 ዓሱረ-ዓመት ዝተቐልቀለ ብ ኣጋጣሚ ዝመጸ ኣይኮነን።
CoVs are non-pathogenic or cause mild symptoms in their reservoir hosts such as bats and camels.
CoVs ወይ ኩሎም ዓይነታት ኮሮናቫይረሳት ነቶም ከም መመሓላለፍቲ ዝጥቀምሎም እንስሳታት ከም በዓል መንካዕ፡ ገመል ዝኾነ ሕማም ኣየምጽኡሎምን እዮም ንገሊኦም ከኣ ቀሊል ሕማም የምጽእለሎም።
They replicate robustly without eliciting a strong host immune response.
ጹኑዕ ዝኾነ ናይ ምቍዋም መስርሕ ከየማዕበሉ፡ ኣዝዮም የስፋሕፍሑ።
Herein lie the secrets of why asymptomatic carriers are seen and what causes the severe cases in human infection.
ንምንታይ እዩ ሕቡእ፡ምልክታት ዘይብሎም ሕሙማትዝረኣዩን እቲ ጽንኩር ኩነት ኣብ ናይ ሰባት መልከፍቲ ጠንቁ እንታይ እዩዝብለ ሄርይን ጌጋ ሓበሬታ ሂቡ።
The severe symptoms are mainly due to the hyperactivation of immune response and the cytokine storm wherein the stronger the immune response, the more severe the lung damage.
እቲ ኣዝዩ ጽንኩር/ኣጸጋሚ ምልክታት ድማ በቲ ኣዝዩ ንጡፍ።ውዑይ ናይ ምክልኻል መስርሕ ን ናይ ሲይቶኪን ማዕበልን፡ ዘምጽኦ ሳዕቤን ኢዩ፡ በዚ መልክዕ ድማ እቲ ናይ ምክልኻል ዓቕሚ ክዓቢ እንከሎ እቲ ሳንቡእ ክጉዳእ ዘለዎ ተኽእሎ ድማ ዓቢ ይኸውን።
In contrast, in asymptomatic carriers, the immune response has been de-coupled from CoV replication.
ብ ኣንጻሩ፡ ኣብቶም ምልክታት ሕማም ዘይብሎም ተሰከምቲ ናይዚ ሕማም፡ እቲ ናቶም ናይ ምጽዋር ዓቕሚ ካብ ናይ CoV ምርባሕ ዝተዋሰበ ኢዩ።
The same strategy of delinking the immune response might have beneficial effects in anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapy.
ሓደ ዓይነት ስትራተጂ ናይ ሕማም ነጻ ዝኾነ ግብረ መልሲ ዘይምርኻብ ኣብ ናይ ጸረ- SARS-CoV-2 ብዘይመድሃኒት ፍወሳ ጠቃሚ ውጽኢት ክህሉዎ ይኽእል።
The interferon response is particularly strong in bats.
እዚ ናይ ኢንተርፈሮን ግብረ መልሲ ብፍላይ ኣብ መንካዓት ሓያል እዩ።
Thus, administration of type I interferon at least in the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans should be beneficial.
እዞም ምሕደራ ናይ ጉጅለ 1 እንተወሓደ ኣብ መጀመርያ ገጽ ናይ SARS-CoV-2 ኣብ ሰባት ጠቓሚ ክኸውን ኣለዎ ኢሎም ኢዶም የእትዉ።
In addition, NLRP3 inflammasome activation in bats is defective.
ከምተወሳኺ፡ NLRP3 ትሑት ምንቅስቓስ ነድሪኣብ መንክዓት ኣበረኛ እዩ።
By this reasoning, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome with MCC950 might be useful in the treatment of COVID-19.
በዚ ምኽንያት ድማ ምሕላክ ወይ ምእሳር ናይ NLRP3 ነድሪ ብ MCC950 ኣዝዩ ጠቃሚ ክኸውን ይኽእል ኢዩ፡ ን ኮቪድ-19 ኣብ ምፍዋስን ምሕካምን።
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 follows the general theme by which SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV arose.
ምቕልቃል ናይ SARS-CoV-2 ነቲ ሓፈሻዊ ኣርእስቲ ይስዕቦ፡ብእኡ ውን SARS-CoV MERS-CoV ተላዒሉ።
Whereas a bat beta-CoV sharing 95% nucleotide homology with SARS-CoV has been found, there also exists a bat-CoV sharing 96% nucleotide homology with SARS-CoV-2.
ብኣንጻሩ beta-CoV ምስ SARS-CoV 95% ዝምድና nucleotide (ንዩክሎታይድ) ከምዝካፈል ተረኺቡ ኣሎ፡ኣብኡ ውን ከምተወሳኺ ምስ SARS-CoV-2 96% ይህልዎ።
Whereas civets and other animals in the markets have been found to harbour viruses identical to SARS-CoV, immediate intermediate hosts for SARS-CoV-2 have not been identified.
ከምኡ ኸኣ ዝባዳትን ካለኦት እንስሳታት ኣብ ዕዳጋን ተመሳሳሊ መዕቆቢ ቫይረስ ን ሳርስ-ኮቭ-2 ተረኺቡ።ቀጥታዊ ማእከላይ መዕቆቢ ናይ SARS-CoV-2 ክሳብ ሕጂ ኣይተገልጸን።
Pangolin beta-CoVs strikingly homologous to SARS-CoV-2 have been found, indicating that pangolins might serve as one of intermediate hosts or pangolin beta-CoVs could contribute gene fragments to the final version of SARS-CoV-2.
ፓንጎሊን ቤታ-CoVs እቲ ቀንዲ ዘመድ ናይ SARS-CoV-2 ተረኺቡ ኣሎ፡እዚ ድማ ፓንጎሊን ሓደ ካብቶም ቀዳሞት ኣኣንገድቲ ክኸውን ይኽእል፡ ወይውን ፓንጎሊን ቤታ-CoVs ፡ ናብቲ ናይ መወዳእታ ገጽ ናይ SARS-CoV-2 ናይ ጂን ፍንጫላት ክቅርበሉን ከበርክተሉን ይኽእል
Although questions remain, there is no evidence that SARS-CoV-2 is man-made either deliberately or accidentally.
ሽሕ'ኳ ሕቶ እንተሃለወ፡ሳርስኮቪድ2 ኮነ ኢሉ ዝመጸ ድዩ ወይስ ሰብ ዝሰርሖ ሃንደበት ዝመጸ ዘረድእ ጭብጢ የለን።
CoVs have returned to the limelight due to the recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2.
ብምኽንያት ናይዚ ቀረባ እዋን ምልባዕ ናይ SARS-CoV-2 CoV ማእከል ኣቓልቦ ንምስሓብ ተመሊሱ።
The study of CoVs in bats and other animals has drastically changed our perception of the importance of zoonotic origins and animal reservoirs of HCoVs in human transmission.
መጽናዕቲ ናይ CoVs ኣብ መንካዕን ካለኦት እንስሳታትን ን ኣረኣእያና ኣገዳስነት ናይ መበቆል ዙኖቲክ ብሓይሊ ቀይሩ፡ከምኡ'ውን ሓጽቢ እንስሳ ናይ HCoVs ምትሕልላፍ ሰባትን።
Pervasive evidence has shown that SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 have a bat origin and are transmitted to humans via intermediate hosts.
ዝተኣኻኸበ መርትዕታት ከም ዝሕብሮ SARS-CoV ፡ MERS-CoV ን SARS-CoV-2 ናይ መንካዕ መበቆል ዘለዎም ኮይኖም ካብ ሰብ ናብ ሰብ ድማ ብ መተሓላለፊ ኣኣንጋዲ ክመሓላለፉ ይኽእሉ
Given that SARS-CoV infection originates from the contact between humans and civets in the markets, closing wet markets and killing civets therein could have effectively ended the SARS epidemic.
ከም ዝተዋህበ እቲ መልከፍቲ ናይ SARS-CoV ኣብ ዕዳጋታት ካብ ምትንካፍ ኣብ መንጎ ሰባትን ዝባድን ዘሎ ይብገስ።ምዕጻው ጥሉል ዕዳጋታትን ምቅታል ዝባድን ኣብቲ ቦታ እቲ ለበዳ SARS ክጠፍእ ይገብሮ።
By the same reasoning, pangolins should be removed from wet markets to prevent zoonotic transmission, in view of the discovery of multiple lineages of pangolin beta-CoVs closely related to SARS-CoV-2.
ብሓደ ዓይነትምኽንያት ምትሕልላፍ ዙኖቲክ ንምክልኻል ጽሒራ ካብ ጠሊ ዘለዎ ዕዳጋታት ክርሕቑ ኣለዎም።ብ ዓይኒ ድህሰሳ ኣብ ብዙሓት ናይ ጽሒራ ወለዶታት beta-CoVs ምስ SARS-CoV-2 ጥቡቕ ዝምድና ኣለዎ።
However, whether and how SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted to humans through pangolins and other mammals remain to be clarified in future investigations.
ብዝኾነ ብከመይ SARS-CoV-2 ናብ ሰባት ብመንገዲ ጽሒራን ካለኦት መጥበውትን ናብ ሰባት የማሓላልፉ ኣብ ናይ መጻኢ መጽናዕቲ ክንጽር እዩ።
On the other hand, MERS-CoV has existed in dromedary camels for a long time.
በቲ ሓደ ወገን፡ MERS-CoV ኣብ ኣግማል ንነዊሕ ግዜ ጸንሑ ኣሎ።
These camels serve as an important tool for transportation as well as a main source of meat, milk, leather and wool products for the local people.
እዘን ኣግማል ከም ኣገደስቲ መሳርሒ ናይ መጎዓዝያ ማዕረ ማዕሪኡ ከም ቐንዲ ምንጪ ናይ ስጋ፡ጸባ፡ቆርበት ጸብሪን ንናይ ውሽጢ ሰባት የገልግል።
They are widely distributed across the Middle East and Africa.
ኣብ ማእኸላይ ምብራቕን ኣፍሪቃን ብሰፊሕይ ዝርግሑ።
It is therefore impossible to sacrifice all camels for the control of MERS, as what was done in wild animal markets in China to prevent the spreading of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.
ስለዚ፡ ን መስርሕ ምቁጽጻር ናይ MERS ንምትግባር ን ኩለን ኣግማል ክትስውኣን ከቢድ ኢዩ፡ ልክዕ ከምቲ ኣብቲ ናይ እንስሳ ዘገዳም ዕዳጋ ዝተገብረ ኣብ ቻይና፡ ን መስርሕ ምቁጽጻር ናይ ምስፍሕፋሕ ናይ SARS-CoV ን SARS-CoV-2.
To stop the recurrent outbreaks of MERS, a comprehensive approach should be taken to develop effective vaccines against MERS-CoV for camels, in combination with other infection control measures.
እዋናዊ ለበዳ ናይ CoVs ንምቁራጽ እናማዕበለ ዝኸደ ኣድማዒ ክታበት ን ናይ ኣግማል MERS-CoV ኣብ መዐቀኒ መቆጻጸሪመልከፍቲ ብምሕዋስክውሰድ ኣለዎ።
As we are not able to eliminate these viruses, new genotypes might emerge to cause outbreaks.
ነዚ ናይ ሕጂ ቫይረስ ክንኣልዮ ክሳብ ዘይከኣልና፡ ሓደሽቲ ዓይነት ጂኖትይፐ ተፈጢሮም ኣዝዮም ከስፋሕፍሑ ድማ ይኽእሉ።
A variety of zoonotic CoVs are circulating in the wild.
ዝተፈላለዩ ናይ ዞኖቲክ ኮሮናቫይረስ ኣብ እንስሳ መሮር ይመሓላለፉ።
Particularly, bat CoVs with zoonotic potential are so diverse.
ብፍላይ ድማ፡ መንካዕ CoVs ምስ ዞኖቲካዊ ዓቅሚ ኣዝዮም ሰፋሕቲ ኢዮም
There are plenty of opportunities that these zoonotic CoVs evolve and recombine, resulting in the emergence of new CoVs that are more transmissible and/or deadly in humans in future.
እዞም ዙኖቲክ ኮቭ ዝፈልቁሉን እንደገናዝሕወሰሉን ኣዝዩ ብዙሕ ዕድላት ኣሎ።ዉጽኢት ናይዚ ምቅልቃል ሓድሽ ኮሮናቫይረሳት ኣብ ሰባት ብዙሕ ኪመሓላለፍ ዚከኣልን ቀተልትን እዮም።
The culture of eating wild animals in some places of China should be abandoned to reduce unnecessary contact between humans and animals.
እዚ ኣብ ገለ ከባቢታት ናይ ቻይና፡ ብ ባህሎም ናይ መሮር እንስሳታት/ እንስሳ-ዘገዳም ክበልዑ ዝጸንሑ፡ ነዚ ዘይተደልየ ካብ እንስሳ ናብ ሰብ ዝመሓላለፍ ተላባዒ ሕማም ንሙግዳል፡ ክእገድ ኣለዎ።
With the ordeals of SARS, MERS and COVID-19, a better preparedness and response plan should be in place.
ምስ ፈተነታት ናይ SARS, MERS ከምኡ’ውን COVID-19፡ ሓደ ጽፉፍ ምድላውን ናይ መልሲ መደብን ኣብ ባይታ ክህሉ ኣለዎ
In fact, many viruses have existed in the planet for a very long time.
ግደ ሓቂ ብዙሓት ቫይረሳት ኣብ ዓለም ንነዊሕ ዓመታት ነይሮም እዮም።
They stay in their own natural reservoirs until there is a chance for spillover.
ክሳብ ሓደ ናይ ምምሕልላፍ ውይ ምስዓግ ባይታ ዝፍጠረሎም፡ ኣብቲ ባህርያዊ መንበሪኦም ይቅመጡ
Although bats have many features that favours the spreading of viruses, the chance for humans to be in contact with bats and other wildlife species can be minimized if people are educated to stay away from them.
ሽሕ እኻ መንካዕ ነቲ ቫይረስ ንምስፍሕፋሕ ዘክእል ብዙሕ ጠባይ እንተለዎ፡ሰባት ካብ መንካዕን ካልአትጅር እንስሳ መሮርንዝራከብሉ ዕድላት ክዉሕድ ይካእልእዩ፡እንተ ደኣ ሰባት ካብኣቶምክርሕቁ ተማሂሮም።
Continuous surveillance in mammals is necessary for better understanding of the ecology of CoVs and their natural hosts, which will prove useful in preventing animal-to-human transmission and future outbreaks.
ቀጻሊ ጽኑዕ ሓለዋ ኣብ መጥበውቲ ምሕደራዊ ናይ CoVs ባህርያዊ መዕቆቢታቶምን ንብሉጽ ምርዳአ ኣድላዪ እዩ፡እዚካብ እንስሳ ናብ ሰባት ምትሕልላፍ ንመጻኢ ለብዒ ንምክልኻል ይጠቅም።
To conclude, the most effective way to prevent viral zoonosis is for humans to stay away from the ecological niches of the natural reservoirs of the zoonotic viruses.
ንምጥቕላል እቲ ቐንዲ ውጺኢታዊ ዝኾነ መንገዲቫይራል ዙነሲስ ንምክልኻል፡ሰባት ክጥንቀቑሉ ዘለዎም ካብ ኢኮሎጂካል ምድግጋፍ ናይ መዕቆቢ ዞነቲክ ቫይረሳት ምርሓቕ እዩ።
Several pieces in the puzzle of the zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 are still missing.
ገለ ገለ ጭራማት ናይ ግድላት ናይ ዞኖቲካዊ መበቆል ናይ SARS-CoV-2፡ ክሳብ ሕጂ ኣይተረኽቡን ወይ ጠፊኦም ኣለዎ።
First, if bats transmit an ancestral virus of SARS-CoV-2 to pangolins, it will be of interest to see under what circumstances bats and pangolins could share the same ecological niche.
መጀመርያ፡ እንተ ድኣ መንካዓት ንጥንታዉያን ቫይረስ ናይ SARS-CoV-2 ናብ ጺሕራታት ኣማሓላሊፈን፡ኣብ ትሕቲ ከመይ ዝበለ ኩነታት መንካዓትን ጽሒራታትን ሓደ ዓይነት ሓድሕዳዊ ዝምድና ናይ ከባቢኦም ክካፈሉ ይኽእሉ ክትፈልጥ ኣገዳሲ ይገብሮ።
Second, if bats play a more direct role in human transmission, how humans get into contact with bats should be determined.
ካልአይ፡ናብ ሰባት ንምትሕልላፍ መንካዕ ቀጠታዊ ተራ ትጻወት እንተደኣ ኮይና፡ሰባትብከመይ ምስ መንካዕ ይራኸቡ ክውሰን ኣለዎ።
Third, if a third mammal acts as the true intermediate host, how it interacts with the different species including humans, bats and pangolins has to be clarified.
ሳልሳይ፡ እንተድኣ እቲ 3ይ መጥበዊ ከም ማእከላይ ኣኣንጋዲ መመሓላለፊ ተቀሚጡ ፡ ምስ ዝተፈላለዩ ዓሌታት ከም ፡ ሰባት፡ ዓሌት መንካዕን ፓንጎሊን ዝሓወሰ፡ ከመይ ይተሓባበርከም ዝኾነ ክፍለጥ ኣለዎ።
Finally, since many mammals including domestic animals might be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, both surveillance and experimental infection should be conducted.
ኣብ መወዳእታ፡ ወላ’ካ ዝበዝሑ መጥበውቲ ን እንስሳ ዘቤት ዘጠቃለሉ ን SARS-CoV-2 ቁዓት እንተኾኑ፡ ኩሎም ናይ መጽናዕቲን ቅየሳን መልከፍቲ ፈተነታት ክግበሩ ኣለዎም
Should it be a bat, a pangolin or another mammal, it is expected that SARS-CoV-2 or its parental viruses that are almost identical will be identified in its natural hosts in future.
ክኸዉን ዘለዎ መንካዕ ድያ፡ጽሒራ ወይ ካልእ መጥበዉቲ ትጽቢት ይግበረሉ ፡እዚ SARS-CoV-2 ወይ ወለዳዊ ቫይረሳቱ ዳርጋ ተመሳሳልቲ ዝኾኑ ኣብ ተፈጥራዊ መዕቆቢኡ ክፍለጡ እዮም
Continued investigations in this area will elucidate the evolutionary pathway of SARS-CoV-2 in animals, with important implications in the prevention and control of COVID-19 in humans.
ቀጻሊ መርመራታት ኣብዚ ዓውዲ ነቲ ፍልቀትታዊ መንገዲ ን መስርዕ ን ናይ SARS-CoV-2 ኣብ እንስሳታት፡ ምስ ኣገዳሲ ኣፋፍኖታትን ናይ ምቁጹጻር መስርህሓትን ኣብ ኮቪድ-19 ናይ ሰባት፡ መብርሂ ክህብ ኢዩ
Preliminary Estimates of the Prevalence of Selected Underlying Health Conditions Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 — United States, February 12–March 28, 2020
ቀዳማይ ጸብጻብ ህላውነት ናይ ዝተመርጹ ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎም ተሓከምቲ ናይ ኮሮናቫይረስ ሕማም 2019- ኣሜሪካ፡ ለካቲት 12-መጋቢት 28 2020
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic.
ኣብ መጋቢት 11, 2020 ውድብ ጥዕና ዓለም (WHO)፡ን ሕማም ኮሮና-ቫይረስ 2019 (ኮቪድ-19) ከም ዓለማዊ ለበዳ ኣዊጅዎ።
As of March 28, 2020, a total of 571,678 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 26,494 deaths have been reported worldwide.
ክሳብ መጋቢት 28,2020፡ ብድምር 571,678 ልኹፋት ናይ ኮቪድ-19፡ ከምኡውን 26,494 ሞት፡ ብዓለም ደረጃ ተመዝጊቡ።
Reports from China and Italy suggest that risk factors for severe disease include older age and the presence of at least one of several underlying health conditions.
ኣብ ቻይናን ኢጣልያን ዝወጹ ጸብጻባት ከም ዝሕብርዎ፡ ናይ ሓደጋ ረቛሒታት ንከበድቲ ሕማማት እዞም ዝስዕቡ የጠቃልሉ፡ ብዕድመ ምድፋእን፡ ብውሑዱ ሓንቲ ካብቶም ብዙሓት ሕዱር ሕማማት ምህላዉን፡ ኢዮ።
U.S. older adults, including those aged ≥65 years and particularly those aged ≥85 years, also appear to be at higher risk for severe COVID-19–associated outcomes; however, data describing underlying health conditions among U.S. COVID-19 patients have not yet been reported.
ናይ ኣሜሪካ ብዕድመ ዝደፍኡ ሰባት፣ ብፍላይ ነቶም ካብ 85 ንላዕሊ ዝዕድሚኦምን፡ ካብ 65 ንላዕሊ ዝዕድሚኦምን ዘጠቓለለ ኮይኑ፡ ምስቲ ኮቪድ-19 ዝተሓሓዝ ሳዕቤናት ኣብ ዓቢ ሓደጋ ኢዮም ዘለዉ፡ እንተኾነ፡ ናይቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎም ልኹፋት ኮቪድ-19 ዝኾኑ ነበርቲ ኣሜሪካ ዝኾነ ጸብጻብ ኣይወጸን።
As of March 28, 2020, U.S. states and territories have reported 122,653 U.S. COVID-19 cases to CDC, including 7,162 (5.8%) for whom data on underlying health conditions and other known risk factors for severe outcomes from respiratory infections were reported.
ክሳብ መጋቢት 28,2020 ኣብ ኣሜሪካ 122,653 ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ግዳያት ናብ CDC ተመዝጊቡ፡ ካብዚ ድማ እቶም 7,162 (5.8%) ኣብ ከቢድ ናይ ሕማም ደረጃ ዝርከቡ ኢዮም፡ ከምኡ’ውን ካልኦት ረቓሒታት ናይ ሓደጋታት ን ኣዝዩ ከቢድ ውጽኢት ናይ ጎሮሮ ሕማማት ተመዝጊቡ
Among these 7,162 cases, 2,692 (37.6%) patients had one or more underlying health condition or risk factor, and 4,470 (62.4%) had none of these conditions reported.
ካብዞም 7,162 ግዳያት፡ 2692 (37.6%) ተሓከምቲ ሓደ ወይ ካብ ኡ ንላዕሊ ሕዱር ሕማም ኣለዎም፡ ከምኡውን 4,470 (62.4%) ድማ ካብዞም ዝተጠቅሱ ጸብጻባት ናይ ሕዱር ሕማም የብሎምን።
The percentage of COVID-19 patients with at least one underlying health condition or risk factor was higher among those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission (358 of 457, 78%) and those requiring hospitalization without ICU admission (732 of 1,037, 71%) than that among those who were not hospitalized (1,388 of 5,143, 27%).
ናይቶም ብዉሑዱ ሓንቲ ሕዱር ሕማም ወይ ናይ ሓደጋ ረቃሒታት ዘለዎም ተሓከምቲ ናይ ኮቪድ-19; ናይ ክፍሊ ክቱር ምክትታል (ICU) ተቀባልነት ዝረኸቡ (358 of 457, 78%)፡ ዝለዓለ ሚእታዊት ኢዩም፡ ከምኡውን ብዘይ ናይ ICU ተቀባልነት ደገፍ ናይ ሕክምን ዝረኸቡ admission (732 of 1,037, 71%) ንላዕሊ ካብቶም ናይ ሕክምና ደገፍ ዘይረኸቡ (1,388 of 5,143, 27%) ኢዮም።
The most commonly reported conditions were diabetes mellitus, chronic lung disease, and cardiovascular disease.
እቶም ብብዝሒ ዝጽብጸቡ ወይ ዝርከቡ ዘለዉ ሃለዋት፡ ናይ ሽኰር ሕማም መሊቱስ ፣ ሱር ዝሰደደ ናይ ሳንቡእ ሕማም፡ ከምኡውን መትነ-ልባዊ ናይ ደም ቡንባ ሕማም ኢዮም።
These preliminary findings suggest that in the United States, persons with underlying health conditions or other recognized risk factors for severe outcomes from respiratory infections appear to be at a higher risk for severe disease from COVID-19 than are persons without these conditions.
እቲ ናይ መጀመርያ ርኽበት ከም ዘነጽሮ፡ ኣብ ኣሜሪካ፡ እቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎም ወይ ካልእ ዝተፈልጠን ካብ ተመሓላላፊ ናይ ምስትንፋስ ሕማም ዝመጽእ ናይ ሓደጋ ረቃሒታት ቃልዕ ዝኽኑ (እዚ ድማ ከም ኮቪድ-19 ዝኣመሰሉ ኢዮም) እዚ ድማ ኣብቶም እዚ ዝተጠቅሰ ጠንቂ ዘለዎም ፡ዝዓበየ ሓደጋ ከስዕብ ይኽእል ምስቶም ዘይብሎም ውልቀሰባት ኣነጽጺርካ ።
Data from laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases reported to CDC from 50 states, four U.S. territories and affiliated islands, the District of Columbia, and New York City with February 12–March 28, 2020 onset dates were analyzed.
ሓበሬታታት ካብ ላባራቶሪ-ዝተረጋገጹ 50 ክፍለ-ግዝኣታት ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ግዳያት፡ ናብ ናይ CDC ኣካላት ተመሓላሊፎም፡ ኣርባዕተ ክፍለ-ግዝ ኣትታት ናይ ኣሜሪካን ኣብ ትሕቲኦም ዝርከባ ደሴታትን፡ ዞባ ኮሎምያ፡ ከተማ ነው-ዮርክ፡ ካብ ለካቲት 12 - መጋቢት 28 ናይ 2020 ኣብ ዘሎ ግዚያት ተፈቲሹ።
Cases among persons repatriated to the United States from Wuhan, China, and the Diamond Princess cruise ship were excluded.
እቶም ካብ Wuhan ናይ ቻይናን Diamond Princess መዛወሪት ዓባይ መርከብ ናይ ኣሜሪካ ዝተመልሱ ግዳያት ኣብቲ ጸብጻብ ኣይኣተዉን።
For cases with missing onset dates, date of onset was estimated by subtracting 4 days (median interval from symptom onset to specimen collection date among cases with known dates in these data) from the earliest specimen collection.
ነቶም ፈላሚ ናይ ሓበሬታ ህላውነት ዘይብሎም፡ 4 መዓልቲ እቲ ምጅማር መዓልቲ (ማእከላይ ገምጋም ካብቲ ምልክታት ዝተራእየሉ ክሳብ ናይቲ ፈለማ ወይ መጀመርያ ቅምሶ ዝተወስደሉን ሓበሬታ ዝተኣከበሉን) ካብቲ ዝቀልጠፈ ቅምሶ ዝተወስደሉ እዋን ክኸውን ይኽእል ኢዩ
Public health departments reported cases to CDC using a standardized case report form that captures information (yes, no, or unknown) on the following conditions and potential risk factors: chronic lung disease (inclusive of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], and emphysema); diabetes mellitus; cardiovascular disease; chronic renal disease; chronic liver disease; immunocompromised condition; neurologic disorder, neurodevelopmental, or intellectual disability; pregnancy; current smoking status; former smoking status; or other chronic disease.
ህዝባዊ ናይ ጥዕና ክፍሊታት ፡ ዝተመጣጠነ ናይ ጉዳያት ጸብጻባት ብምጥቃም ናብ CDC፡ (እወ፣ ኣይፋል፣ ወይ ኣይተፈልጠን) ነዞም ዝስዕቡ ኩነታትን ናይ ሓደጋ ረቓሒታት ብምምርካስ ነዞም ዝስዕቡ ጸብጻባት ኣማሓላሊፉ፡ ሕዱር ናይ ሳንቡእ ሕማም ( ኣዝማ፡ ዓጋቲ ናይ ሳንቡእ ሕማም [COPD] ከምኡ’ውን ኢምፊስማ ዘጠቓለለ ኢዩ ) ናይ ሽኰር ሕማም; መትነ-ልባዊ ናይ ደም ቡንባ ሕማም; ሱር ዝሰደደ ናይ ኩሊት ሕማም; ሱር ዝሰደደ ሕማም ጸላም ከብዲ; ዘይስሩዕ ስርዓተ ምክልኻል; ጸገማት ናይ ኒውሮን ፣ ናይ ነውሮናት ወይ መትንታት ጸገማት ምምዕባል ወይ ከኣ ኣእምሮኣዊ ጉድኣት፡ ጥንሲ; ህሉው ሽጋራ ምትካኽ ኩነታት; ዝቐደመ ሽጋራ ምትካኽ ኩነታት; ወይ ከኣ ካልእ ሱር ዝሰደደ ሕማም
Data reported to CDC are preliminary and can be updated by health departments over time; critical data elements might be missing at the time of initial report; thus, this analysis is descriptive, and no statistical comparisons could be made.
እቶም ዝመሓላለፉ ሓበሬታታት ናብ CDC ብመጀመርታ በቲ ናይ ጥዕና ክፍልታት ዝተሓደሱ ኮይኖም፡ እቶም ኣዝዮም ተነቀፍቲ ናይ ሓበሬታታት ባእታታት ኣብ ግዜ ጸብጻብ ምናልባት ጠፊኦም ክኾኑ ይኽእሉ፡ ስለዚ እዚ ግምገማ እዚ ገላጺ ኮይኑ ብዘይ ዝኾነ ናይ ቁጽርታት ምንጽጻር ዘይተኻየደሉ ኢዩ
The percentages of patients of all ages with underlying health conditions who were not hospitalized, hospitalized without ICU admission, and hospitalized with ICU admission were calculated.
እቶም ግዳያት፡ ግን መሰረታዊ ናይ ሕማም ምልክታት ዝተራእየሎም ግን ከኣ ዘይተሓከሙ፡ ወይ ብዘይ ICU ምትእትታው ዝተሓከሙ ፡ ወይ፡ውን ብ ናይ ICU ምትእትታው ዝተሓከሙ ገምጋም ተጌርሎም ኢዩ፡
Percentages of hospitalizations with and without ICU admission were estimated for persons aged ≥19 years with and without underlying health conditions.
እቶም ናይ ሕክምና ኣገልግሎት ዝረኸቡ፡ ናይ ICU ተቐባልነት ዝረኸቡን ዘይረከቡን፡ ካብ 19 ንላዕሊ ዝዕድሚኦምን ዝኾነ ናይ ሕዱር ሕማማት ዘይብሎምን ኢዮም
This part of the analysis was limited to persons aged ≥19 years because of the small sample size of cases in children with reported underlying health conditions (N = 32).
እዚ ክፋል ናይ መጽናዕቲ ነቶም ክሊ ዕድመ 19ን ልዕሊኡን ጥራይ ኢዩ ዝውክል፡ እዚ ድማ ብሰንኪ ናይቶም ቆልዑ ውሑድ ናይ ቅምሶታት/ቅምሶታት ምእካብን ሕዱር ሕማም ድማ ብምህላዎምን ኢዩ (N = 32)።
To account for missing data among these preliminary reports, ranges were estimated with a lower bound including cases with both known and unknown status for hospitalization with and without ICU admission as the denominator and an upper bound using only cases with known outcome status as the denominator.
ነዞም ኣብ ናይ መጀመርያ ጸብጻብ ዝጠፍኡ ሓበሬታ ዝኸውን መመኽነይታ ከተቅርብ፡ ዝርገሐ ተገሚቶም ኔሮም እዚ ድማ በቲ ዝተሓተ ሓጹር ነቶም ኩነታት ናይ ሕክምናኦም፡ ብ ICUን ብዘይ ICUን ተቐባልነት ከም ረቛሒ፡ ዝፈልጡን ዘይፈልጡን ዘጠቃለለ፡ ከምኡውን እቲ ላዕለዋይ ሓጹር፡ ነቶም ፍሉጥ ናይ ውጽኢት ሃለዋት፡ ከም ረቛሒ፡ ዘለዎም የጠቃልል።
Because of small sample size and missing data on underlying health conditions among COVID-19 patients who died, case-fatality rates for persons with and without underlying conditions were not estimated.
ብሰንኪ ውሑድ ምእካብ ናይ ቅምሶታትን፡ ምጥፋእ ናይ ሓበሬታ ናይቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎም ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ግዳያት ሞት፡ እቲ ቁጽራዊ ቀመር ናይ ሞት ናይቶም ሕዱር ዘለዎም ክፍለጥ ኣይተኻእለን/ኣይተፈልጠን።
As of March 28, 2020, a total of 122,653 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases (Figure) and 2,112 deaths were reported to CDC.
ክሳብ መጋቢት 28, 2020 ብድምር 122,653 ግዳያት ናይ ኮቪድ-19 (ስእሊ) ከምኡውን 2112 ሞት ናብ CDC ተሓቢሩ።
Case report forms were submitted to CDC for 74,439 (60.7%) cases.
እቲ ናይ ጉዳያት ጸብጻብ ፎርም ወሃቢ፡ ናብ CDC ናይ 74,439 (60.7%) ጸብጻባት ኣቅሪቡ።
Data on presence or absence of underlying health conditions and other recognized risk factors for severe outcomes from respiratory infections (i.e., smoking and pregnancy) were available for 7,162 (5.8%) patients (Table 1).
ሓበሬታታት ኣብ ግዜ ህላውነትን ዘይህላውነትን ናይ ከቢድ ናይ ሕማም ሃለዋት ከምኡ’ውን ዝተፈልጡ ረቓሒታት ናይ ጠንቂ ከም ውጽኢት ናይ ጎሮሮ (ከም ኣብነት፡ ማለት ሽጋራ ምትካኽን ጥንሲ) ን 7,162 (5.8%) ግዳያት/ተሓከምቲ (ሰንጠረጅ 1)
Approximately one third of these patients (2,692, 37.6%), had at least one underlying condition or risk factor.
ብገምጋም ሓደ ሲሶ ካብዞም ግዳያት/ተሕእከምቲ (2,692፡ 37.6%)፡ ብዉሑዱ ሓንቲ ሕዱር ሕማም ወይ ናይ ሓደጋ ረቃሒ ኣለዎ።
Diabetes mellitus (784, 10.9%), chronic lung disease (656, 9.2%), and cardiovascular disease (647, 9.0%) were the most frequently reported conditions among all cases.
ናይ ሽኰር ሕማም መሊተስ (784 ፣ 10.9%) ፣ ሱር ዝሰደደ ናይ ሳንቡእ ሕማም (656 ፣ 9.2%) ከምኡውን መትነ-ልባዊ ናይ ደም ቡንባ ሕማም (647 ፣ 9.0%) ብጣዕሚ ኣዝዮም ብተደገጋሚ ካብ ዘጋጥሙ ዓይነት ሕማማት እዮም
Among 457 ICU admissions and 1,037 non-ICU hospitalizations, 358 (78%) and 732 (71%), respectively occurred among persons with one or more reported underlying health condition.
ካብቶም 457 ናይ ICU ተሓከምቲን፡ 1037 ካብ ICU ወጽኢ ተሓከምትን፡ 358 (78%) ከምኡ’ውን 732 (71%)፡ ብተኸታታሊ ኣብ ሓደ ወይ ካብ ኡ ንላዕሊ ዝኸፍአ ደረጃ ዝበጽሐ ሕማም ከም ዘለዎም ጸብጻብ ተዋሂቡ
In contrast, 1,388 of 5,143 (27%) COVID-19 patients who were not hospitalized were reported to have at least one underlying health condition.
ብኣንጻሩ፡ 1,388 ካብ 5,143 (27%) ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ኣብ ሆስፒታ ካብ ዝተሓከ፡ እንተወሓደ ሓደ ዓይነት ታሕተዋይ ደረጃ ዘለዎ ምልክታት ከም ዘለውም ሪፖርት ተጌሩ
Among patients aged ≥19 years, the percentage of non-ICU hospitalizations was higher among those with underlying health conditions (27.3%–29.8%) than among those without underlying health conditions (7.2%–7.8%); the percentage of cases that resulted in an ICU admission was also higher for those with underlying health conditions (13.3%–14.5%) than those without these conditions (2.2%–2.4%) (Table 2).
ኣብ መንጎ እቶም ተሓከምቲ ≥19 ዝዕድሚኦም፡ እቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎም እሞ ብዘይ ICU ዝተሓከምዎ መንጎ (27.3%–29.8%) ዝለዓለ ኔሩ ኣብ ምስቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘይብሎም (7.2%–7.8%) ናይ ICU ኣገልግሎት ሕክምና ዝረኸቡ፡ ከምኡውን እቲ ተቀባልነት ናብ ICU ናይቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎም (13.3%–14.5%) ዝለዓለ ኔሩ ምስቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘይብሎም (2.2%–2.4%) (ሰሌዳ 2) ኣረኣኢኻ።ቅምሶ ደምቅምሶ ደም
Small numbers of COVID-19 patients aged &lt; 19 years were reported to be hospitalized (48) or admitted to an ICU (eight).
ውሑዳት ብ ዕድመ ዝደፍኡ ልኹፋት ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ከምኡ’ውን It፡ 19 ዝዕድሚኦም ክሕከሙ (48) ወይ ድማ ናብ ክፍሊ ICU ክሓልፉ ሓበሬታ ተመሓላሊፉ
In contrast, 335 patients aged &lt; 19 years were not hospitalized and 1,342 had missing data on hospitalization.
ከም መንጸ፡ 335 ተሓከምቲ ክሊ ዕድመ &lt; 19 ዘለዉ፡ ክሕከሙ ወይ ናይ ሕክምና ሓገዝ ክረኽቡ ኣይከኣሉን፡ ከምኡውን 1,342 ተሓከምቲ ናይ ሕክምና ጸብጻብ ጠፊኡ ኣሎ።
Among all COVID-19 patients with complete information on underlying conditions or risk factors, 184 deaths occurred (all among patients aged ≥19 years); 173 deaths (94%) were reported among patients with at least one underlying condition.
ኣብ መንጎ ኩሎም ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ተሓከምቲ፡ ምስ ምሉእ ሓበሬትኦም፡ ኣብቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎም ወይ ኣብ ሓደጋ ዘለዉ፡ 184 ሞት ተጸብጺቡ (ኩሎም ካብ 19 ንላዕሊ ዝዕድሚኦም)፡ ካብቶም ብዉሑዱ ሓንቲ ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎም ድማ 173 ሞት (94%) ተጸብጺቡ።
Among 122,653 U.S. COVID-19 cases reported to CDC as of March 28, 2020, 7,162 (5.8%) patients had data available pertaining to underlying health conditions or potential risk factors; among these patients, higher percentages of patients with underlying conditions were admitted to the hospital and to an ICU than patients without reported underlying conditions.
ክሳብ 28 መጋቢት 2020፡ ካብቶም 122,653 ግዳያት ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ናብ CDC ዝተሓበሩ፡ ነበርቲ ኣሜሪካ፡ እቶም 7,162 (5.8%) ሕሉፍ ናይ ሕዱር ሕማም ታሪኽ/መዝገብ ወይ ናይ ሓደጋ ምልክታት፡ ከም ዘለዎም ተፈሊጡ፡ ካብዞም ዝተጠቅሱ ሕሙማት ድማ፡ እቶም ዝበዝሑ ናብ ሆስፒታል ወይ ICU ክኣትዉ ዝተፈቀደሎም እቶም ሕዱር ሕማማት ዘለዎም ኢኦም።ብመንሩ ድማ እቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘይብሎም ብዝወሓደ ቑጽሪ ናይ ሆስፒታ ተቀባልነት ረኺቦም።
These results are consistent with findings from China and Italy, which suggest that patients with underlying health conditions and risk factors, including, but not limited to, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, COPD, coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic renal disease, and smoking, might be at higher risk for severe disease or death from COVID-19.
እዞም ውጽ ኢታት ምስቲ ኣብ ቻይናን ጥልያንን ዘሎ ርኽበታት ዘይቅየሩ ኢዮም፡ እዚ ድማ እቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎም ተሓከምቲ ፡ ከም ኣብነት ጸቅጢ ደም፡ COPD፡ ናይ ኮሮናሪ ኣርተሪ ሕማም፡ ጸገማት ናይ ምዝውዋር ናይ ደም ኣብ ኣእምሮ፡ ናይ ኩሊት ሕማም፡ ከምኡውን ምትካኽ ሽጋራ፡ ነቲ ብ ኮቪድ-19 ኣሳቢቡ ዝመጽእ ሕማማት ኣዝዮም ዝተቃልዕን ኣብ ሓደጋ ዘለዉን ኢዮም።
This analysis was limited by small numbers and missing data because of the burden placed on reporting health departments with rapidly rising case counts, and these findings might change as additional data become available.
እዚ ምክትታል ብሰንኪ ውሑድ ቁጽርታትን ዝጎደሉ ሓበሬታታትን ተሓጺሩ ኔሩ፡ እዚ ድማ ብምኽንያት እቲ ቁልጡፍ ምውሳኽ ናይ ግዳያት፡ ኣብተን ወሃብቲ ሓበሬታ ናይ ጥዕና ዝወርድ ዝነበረ ጸቕጢ ኢዩ፡ እዞም ሕጂ ተበጺሖም ዘልው ድማ ሓድሽ ሓበሬታ ኣብ ዝርከበሉ ክቕየሩ ይኽእሉ ኢዮም።
It is not yet known whether the severity or level of control of underlying health conditions affects the risk for severe disease associated with COVID-19.
እቲ መሰረታዊ ሕዱር ሕማም ናይ ውልቀሰብ ብ ኮቪድ-19 ናይ ምትሓዝ ተኽእሉኡ ከዛይድ ወይ’ውን ክቅንስ ዘለዎ ተኽእሎ ክሳብ ሕጂ ጽጹይ ዝኾነ መጽናዕቲ ኣይተኻየደን
Many of these underlying health conditions are common in the United States: based on self-reported 2018 data, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes among U.S. adults was 10.1%, and the U.S. age-adjusted prevalence of all types of heart disease (excluding hypertension without other heart disease) was 10.6% in 2017.
ብዙሓት ካብዞም ሕዱር ሕማማት፡ ኣብ ኣሜሪካ ልሙዳት ኢዮም፡ ኣብ ውልቀ-ሓበሬታ ናይ 2018 ጸብጻብ፡ ቁጽሪ ናይ ሕማም ሽኮርያ ካብቶም ዓቢ ዓቕሚ ኣዳም ዝበጽሐ ነበርቲ ኣሜሪካ 10.1% ኢዩ፡ ከምኡውን ናይ ኣሜርኪካ ብ ዕመ ዝተመዓራረየ፡ ህላውነት ናይ ኩሎም ዓይነታት ናይ ልቢ ሕማማት (ጸቅጢ-ደም ኣውጺኻ ካብ ጸብጻብ ብዘይ ካልእ ናይ ልቢ ሕማም) 10.6% ኔሩ ኣብ 2017።
The age-adjusted prevalence of COPD among U.S. adults is 5.9%, and in 2018, the U.S. estimated prevalence of current asthma among persons of all ages was 7.9%.
ናይ ብዕድመ ዝተመዓራረየ ወሰኽ ናይ COPD ኣብ መንጎ ናይ ኣሜሪካ ዓዪ ተቀማጡ 5.9%, ኢዩ፡ ከምኡውን ኣብ 2018 ብ ኣሜሪካ ዝተገመተ ወሰኽ ናይ ህሉው ኣዝማ ኣብ ኩሉ ክሊ ዕድመ ናይ 7.9% ኔሩ።
CDC continues to develop and update resources for persons with underlying health conditions to reduce the risk of acquiring COVID-19.
ነቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎም ሰባት፡ ብሰንኪ ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ምቅላዕ ኣብኦም ዝወርድ ሓደጋ ንሙጉዳል፡ CDC ሜላታት ምምዕባል ይቅጽሎ ኣሎ፡፡
The estimated higher prevalence of these conditions among those in this early group of U.S. COVID-19 patients and the potentially higher risk for more severe disease from COVID-19 associated with the presence of underlying conditions highlight the importance of COVID-19 prevention in persons with underlying conditions.
እዚ ተገምጊሙ ዘሎ ዝኸፈአ ደረጃ ናይዚ ምስፍሕፋሕ፡ ኣብቶም ናይ መጀመርያ ጉጅለታት ናይ ኣሜሪካ ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ተሓከምቲ ከምኡውን እቲ ተኽእሎታት ናይ ዓቢ ሓደጋ ናይ ዝገደዱ ሕማማት ካብ ምስ ኮቪድ-19 ዝመጹ ሕማማት ከስዕቦ ዝኽእል ሕዱር ሕማማት ዘለዎም ዓይነት ሰባት፡ ከም ዘነጽሮ ምክልኻል ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ኣብቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎም ዓይነት ሰባት ኣዝዩ ኣገዳሲ ሙዃኑ የርኢ።
The findings in this report are subject to at least six limitations.
እዚ ርኽበታት ናይዚ ጸብጻባት ናይቶም ብውሑዱ 6 ወሰናት፡ ቀንዲ ጉዳያት ኢዮም።
First, these data are preliminary, and the analysis was limited by missing data related to the health department reporting burden associated with rapidly rising case counts and delays in completion of information requiring medical chart review; these findings might change as additional data become available.
መጀመርያ እዞም ሓበሬታታት/ጸብጻባት ቀዳሞት/ናይ-መጀማርያ ኢዮም፡ እቲ መጽናዕቲ ድማ ብሰንኪ፡ ምጥፋእ ናይ ምስ ናይ ጥዕና ዝወጸ ምስንኻላት ዳታ/ፍቕዲ ናይቲ ብናህሪ ዝውስኽ ዘሎ መልከፍትን፡ ምድንጋያት ምጥርናፍ ጸብጻባት ኮይኑ ናይ ጥዕና ገምጋማዊ ስእሊ ውን ዝሓትት እዞም ርኽበታት ድማ ሓድሽ ናይ ጸብጻብ ሓበሬታ ኣብ ዝርከበሉ ክቕየሩ ተኽእሎታት ኣሎ።
Information on underlying conditions was only available for 7,162 (5.8%) of 122,653 cases reported to CDC.
ሓበሬታታት ኣብ ግዜ ከቢድ ናይ ሕማም ግዚያት ፡ ን 7,162 (5.8%) of 122,653 ሕሙማት ወይ ግዳያት ጥራይ ኢዩ ናብ CDC ተመሓላሊፉ
It cannot be assumed that those with missing information are similar to those with data on either hospitalizations or underlying health conditions.
እቶም ዝጠፍኡ ሓበሬታታት ምስቶም ኣብ ሆስፒታላት ዘለዉን ኣብ ኣብ ምጅማር መልከፍቲ ዘለዉን ዓይነት ሓበሬታታት ሓደ ክኸውን ዘለዎ ተኽእሎ ጸቢብ ኢዩ ወይውን ኣይኮነን ክንብል ይከኣል።
Second, these data are subject to bias in outcome ascertainment because of short follow-up time.
ካልኣይ፡ እዚ ሓበሬታ ብሰንኪ ሓጺር ናይ ምክትታል ግዜ እዞም ጸብጻባት፡ ኣብቲ ርጉጽነት ናይ ውጽኢት፡ ዝተጠወዩ/ዝቐነኑ ክኾኑ ይኽእሉ።
Some outcomes might be underestimated, and long-term outcomes cannot be assessed in this analysis.
ገለ ውጽኢታት ብዙሕ ኣድህቦ ዘይክውሃቦም ይኽእሉ ኢዮም፡ ኣብ ዝተናውሕ ግዜ ድማ እዞም ውጽኢታት ክምርመሩ ኣይክእሉን ኢዮም።
Third, because of the limited availability of testing in many jurisdictions during this period, this analysis is likely biased toward more severe cases, and findings might change as testing becomes more widespread.
ሳልሳይ፡ ኣብዚ ግዜ እዚ ብምኽንያት ሕጽረት ናይ መመርመሪ ኣብ ብዙሓት ከባቢታት፡ እዚ መጽናዕቲ ናብቲ ዝኸፈአ ከይዝ ዝዛዘወ/ዝቀነነ ኢዩ፡ ከምኡውን እቲ መርመራታት ክውስኽ እንከሎ ውጽኢታት ድማ ክቕየር ተኽእሎ ኣለዎ።
Fourth, because of the descriptive nature of these data, attack rates among persons with and without underlying health conditions could not be compared, and thus the risk difference of severe disease with COVID-19 between these groups could not be estimated.
ራብዓይ፡ ብሰንኪ ናይ ምግላጽ ባህሪ ናይዞም መዝገባት፡ ናይ መጥቃዕቲ መጠናት ኣብ ከቢድ ሕማም ዘለዎምን ዘይብሎምን ክነጻጸር ኣይክእልን ኢዩ፡ ስለዚ ድማ ኣብ መንጎ እዞም ዝተጠቕሱ ዓይነት ሰባት ኮቪድ-19 ዘስዕቦ ሓደጋታት ክግምገም ኣጸጋሚ ኢዩ
Fifth, no conclusions could be drawn about underlying conditions that were not included in the case report form or about different conditions that were reported in a single, umbrella category.
ሓሙሻይ፡ ብዛዕባ ኣብቲ ናይ ከይዝ ጸብጻብ ፎርም ዘይኣተዉ ወይ ብ ውልቂ ናይ ጽላል ምድብዝተጸብጸቡ፡ ዓይነት ሕዱር ሕማማት ዝኾነ መደምደምታ ክብጻሕ ኣይክእልን።
For example, asthma and COPD were included in a chronic lung disease category.
ንኣብነት፡ ኣዝማ ከምኡውን COPD ኣብቶም ከበድቲ ናይ ሳምቡእ ሕማማት ዝብሉ ተሰሪዕም.
Finally, for some underlying health conditions and risk factors, including neurologic disorders, chronic liver disease, being a current smoker, and pregnancy, few severe outcomes were reported; therefore, conclusions cannot be drawn about the risk for severe COVID-19 among persons in these groups.
ኣብ መወዳእታ ፣ ንሓደ-ሓደ መሰረታዊ ናይ ጥዕና ኩነታት ከምኡውን ንሓደጋ ቅሉዕ ኩነታት ፣ ናይ መትንታት ሕማም ዘማልአ፣ ሱር ዝሰደደ ሕማም ጸላም ከብዲ ፣ ኣብዚ ግዜ'ዚ/እዋን ኣትካኺ ምስትኸውን፡ ከምኡ’ውን ጥንሲ ፣ ከቢድ ውጽኢት ሪፖርት ተጌሩ፡ ስለዚ መደምደምታ ብዛዕባ ተኽእሎ ሓደጋታት ክሰኣል፡ ኣብ መንጎ እዞም ዓይነት ሰባት ምስ ክብደት ናይ ኮቪድ-19፡ ኣዝዩ ይከብድ ኢዩ
Persons in the United States with underlying health conditions appear to be at higher risk for more severe COVID-19, consistent with findings from other countries.
ካብቶም ኣብ ሕቡራት መንግስታት ኣመሪካ ዘለዉ ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎም ሰባት፡ ምስ ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ምትሕልላፍ ብዝተኣሳሰር መልከፍቲ ኣብ ከቢድ ሓደጋ ዘለዉ ይመስሉ፡ እዚ ድማ ኣብ ካልኦት ሃገራት ተራእዩ ኢዩ።
Persons with underlying health conditions who have symptoms of COVID-19, including fever, cough, or shortness of breath, should immediately contact their health care provider.
እቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎም፡ ምልክታት ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ዘለዎም (ንረስኒ፡ ሰዓል፡ ከምኡውን ሕጽረት ምስትንፋስ ዘጠቃለሉ)፡ ብቕልጡፍ ምስቲ ናይ ጥዕና ክንክን ዝህብ ኣካል ርክባት ክገብሩ ኣለዎም።
These persons should take steps to protect themselves from COVID-19, through washing their hands; cleaning and disinfecting high-touch surfaces; and social distancing, including staying at home, avoiding crowds, gatherings, and travel, and avoiding contact with persons who are ill.
እዞም ሰባት ካብ ኮቪድ-19 ነብሶም ክከላኸሉ ስጉምቲ ክወስዱ ኣለዎምክ እዚ ድማ ኣእዳዎም ብምሕጻብ፡ መምከኒ ፈሳሲ ብምጥቃም ፡ ርሕቀትካ ብምሕላው፡ እዚ ድማ ኣብ ገዛኻ ምጽናሕ ውን የጠቓልል፡ ምስ ብዙሓት ሰባት ዛይምሕዋስ፡ ዘይምትእኽኻ፡ ብዙሕ ዘይምጉዓዝ፡ ምስ ካልኦት ሕሙማት ሰባት ዘይምትንኻፍ’ውን የጠቃልል።
Maintaining at least a 30-day supply of medication, a 2-week supply of food and other necessities, and knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms are recommended for those with underlying health conditions.
ቀጻልነት ናይ 30-መዓልታት ናይ ሕክምና ቀረባት፡ ናይ 2 ሰሙን ናይ መግቢን ኣገደስቲ ነገራት ቀረብን ከምኡ’ውን ፍልጠት ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ምልክታት፡ በቶም ኣብ ኣዝዩ ሓደገኛ ናይ ሕማም ደረጃ ዘለዉ ክትግበሩ ክንምሕጸንን ክንመክርን ንፈቱ
All persons should take steps to protect themselves from COVID-19 and to protect others.
ኩሉ ሰብ ንነብሱን ንካልኦትን ካብ ኮቪድ-19 ክሕሉ ተበግሶ ክወሰድ ኣለዎ።
All persons who are ill should stay home, except to get medical care; should not go to work; and should stay away from others.
ኩሎም እቶም ክሳብ ሕጂ ሓሚሞም ዘለዉ ኣብ ገዛ ክጸንሑ ኣለዎም፡ ብዘይካ ሕክምናዊ ሓገዝ ንምርካብ እንተዘይ ኮይኑ፡ ካብ ካልኦት ሰባት’ውን ክርሕቁ ኣለዎም።
This is especially important for those who work with persons with underlying conditions or who otherwise are at high risk for severe outcomes from COVID-19.
ነቶም ምስቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎም ዝሰርሑ ወይውን ካብቲ ናይ ብ ኮቪድ-19 ዝመጽእ ሕማማትን ሳዕቤናት ኣብ ሓደጋ ዘለዉ፡ እዚ ኣዝዩ ኣገዳሲ እዩ።
Community mitigation strategies, which aim to slow the spread of COVID-19, are important to protect all persons from COVID-19, especially persons with underlying health conditions and other persons at risk for severe COVID-19–associated disease (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/downloads/community-mitigation-strategy.pdf).
ናይ ኮሚኒቲ ናይ ምቅላል መደባት፡ ነቲ ምስፍሕፋሕ ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ንምዕጋት ዝዓለመ፡ ኩሎም ደቂ-ሰባት ካብ ኮቪድ-19 ክንከላኸለሎም ኣገዳሲ ኢዩ፡ ብፍላይ ድማ ነቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘለዎምን ኣብ ናይ ጥዕና ሓደጋ ምስ ኮቪድ-19 ዝዛመድ ሕማም ዘለዉ፡ (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/downloads/community-mitigation-strategy.pdf).
What is already known about this topic?
ብዛዕባ እዚ ኣርእስቲ እንታይ ኣሎ ዝተፈልጠ፥
Published reports from China and Italy suggest that risk factors for severe COVID-19 disease include underlying health conditions, but data describing underlying health conditions among U.S. COVID-19 patients have not yet been reported.
ዝተሓትሙ ሓበሬታታት ካብ ቻይናን ዓዲ ጥልያንን ከም ዝሕብርዎ፡ ቀንዲ ሓደጋታት ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ሕሉፍ ሕዱር ሕማማት ምህላውን ክኾኑ ይኽእሉ፡ እንተኾነ ጸብጻብ ናይ ኣብ ኣሜሪካ ዝርከቡ ተሓከምቲ ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ክሳብ ሕጂ ኣይቀረበን።
What is added by this report?
በዚ ጸብጻብ እንታይ ተወሲኹ፥
Based on preliminary U.S. data, persons with underlying health conditions such as diabetes mellitus, chronic lung disease, and cardiovascular disease, appear to be at higher risk for severe COVID-19–associated disease than persons without these conditions.
ብመሰረት ኣፈናዊ ሓበሬታ ናይ ኣሜሪካ፡ እቶም ሕዱር ሕማማት ከም ኣብነት፡ ሕማም ሽኮር፡ መሊተስ ሕማም ሽኮር፡ ሕማም ሳንቡእ፡ ከምኡውን ናይ ልቢ ሕማማት፡ ዘለዎም ሰባት ምስቶም ሕዱር ሕማም ዘይብሎም ዓይነት ሰባት ኣነጻጺርካ፡ ን ምስ ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ዝዛመዱ ዓይነት ሕማማት ዝተቃልዑን ኣብ ሓደጋ ዘለዉን ኢዮም።
What are the implications for public health practice?
እቶም ናይ ህዝባዊ ናይ ጥዕና ንጥፈታት እንታይ ኣፋፍኖት ይህቡ፥
Strategies to protect all persons and especially those with underlying health conditions, including social distancing and handwashing, should be implemented by all communities and all persons to help slow the spread of COVID-19.
ነቶም በዚ ሕማም ዝተለኽፉን ናይዚ ሕማም መልከፍቲ ከጋጥሞም ንዝኽእል ሰባት፡ ካብዚ ሕማም ኮቪድ-19 መታን ክሕለዉ፡ ሓደ ውጥን በቶም ኮሚኒታትን ካልኦት ሓላፍነት ዝወስዱ ሰባትን ነዚ ምስፍሕፋሕ ደው ክብል ስጉምትታት ክውስዱን ዘድሊ ጥንቃቀታት ንክግበር ከም ርሕቀትካ ምሕላው፡ ከምኡ’ውን ምሕጻብ ኣእዳው ዘጠቃልለ ክትግበረሉ ዝኽእል መንገዲ ከናድዩ ኣለዎም
Emergence of a Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): Protocol for Extending Surveillance Used by the Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre and Public Health England
ምቕልቃል ናይ ኖቨል ኮሮናቫይረስ (ኮቪድ-19)፡ ፕሮቶኮል/ ምክትታል ምስፍሕፋሕ ብናይ ሮያል ኮለጅ ናይ ሓፈሻዊ ናይ መጽናዕቲን ንጥፈታትን ምክትታልን ማእከልን ከምኡውን ናይ ህዝቢ ጥዕና ዓዲ እንግሊዝ (Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre and Public Health England)
The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) and Public Health England (PHE) have successfully worked together on the surveillance of influenza and other infectious diseases for over 50 years, including three previous pandemics.
እቲ Royal College of General Practitioners (ሮያል ኮለጅ ሓፈሻዊ ሕክምና) (RCGP) ናይ መጽናዕቲን ምክትታልን ማእከል (RSC) ከምኡውን ናይ ህዝቢ ጥዕና ዓዲ እንግሊዝ (PHE)፡ ኣብ ምክትታል ናይ ኢንፍሊወንዛን ካል ኦት ተመሓላለፍት ሕማማትን ንልዕሊ 50 ዓመታት ብሓባር ብዓወት ክሰርሑ ክኢሎም ኢዮም፡ እዚ ድማ ነቶም ዝሓለፉ ሰለስተ ለበዳታት የጠቃልል።
With the emergence of the international outbreak of the coronavirus infection (COVID-19), a UK national approach to containment has been established to test people suspected of exposure to COVID-19.
ምስዚ ምጅማር ናይ ዓለማዊ ምስፍሕፋሕ ናይ ኮሮና-ቫይረስ ለበዳ (ኮቪድ-19)፡ ናይ ዓባይ ብሪጣንያ ሃገራዊ መንገዲ ናይ ምውሻብ፡ ነቶም ብ ኮቪድ-19 ዝተጠርጠሩ ንምምርማር፡ ተጀሚሩ ኣሎ።
At the same time and separately, the RCGP RSC’s surveillance has been extended to monitor the temporal and geographical distribution of COVID-19 infection in the community as well as assess the effectiveness of the containment strategy.
ኣብ ተመሳሳሊ ግዜን ብ ፍሉይን RCGPን RSC’sን ናይ መጽናዕቲ ግዜ ነቲ ናይ ጀኦግራፊካዊን ግዚያውን ምስፍሕፋሕ ናይ ኮቪድ-19 ኮሚኒቲ ንምቁጽጻርን ከምኡውን ነቲ ኣላባዒ ባእታ ገምጋም ውጽኢት ንምርኣይን ኢዩ።
The aims of this study are to surveil COVID-19 in both asymptomatic populations and ambulatory cases with respiratory infections, ascertain both the rate and pattern of COVID-19 spread, and assess the effectiveness of the containment policy.
ዕላማ ናይዚ መጽናዕቲ፡ ምክትታልን ሓለዋን ኮቪድ-19 ኣብ asymptomatic (ሕሙማት ኮይኖም ምልክት ዘይብሎም) ዝዓይነቶም ኣህዛብን ተንቀሳቀስቲ ግዳያት ምስ ናይ ምስትንፋስ ጸገማት፡ ኢዩ፡ ኣብዞም ክሊቲኦም ድማ ነቲ መስርዕ መንገዲ ምስፍሕፋሕ ናይ ኮቪድ-19ን ውጽኢታውነት ናይ ምውሻብን ምጽናዕ ኢዩ።
The RCGP RSC, a network of over 500 general practices in England, extract pseudonymized data weekly.
እዚ RCGP RSC፡ ኩባንያ/እክብካብ ናይ ልዕሊ 500 ሓፈሻዊ ተልመዲናት/ኣባላት ኣብ ዓዲ እንግሊዝ ዝተሓደሰ ሓበሬታ ሰሙናዊ የቕርብ።