atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
The number varies by region.Other measures include the case fatality rate (CFR), which reflects the percent of diagnosed individuals who die from a disease, and the infection fatality rate (IFR), which reflects the percent of infected individuals (diagnosed and undiagnosed) who die from a disease.
Idadi hutofautiana kulingana na mkoa. Hatua nyingine zinajumuisha kiwango cha vifo (CFR), ambayo inaonyesha asilimia ya watu waliogunduliwa ambao hufa kwa sababu ya ugonjwa, na kiwango cha kufa kwa maambukizo (IFR), ambayo inaonyesha asilimia ya watu walioambukizwa (waliotambuliwa na wasiotambuliwa) ambao hufa kwa sababu ya ugonjwa.
These statistics are not time bound and follow a specific population from infection through case resolution.
Takwimu hizi hazijazuiwa na wakati na hufuata idadi fulani ya watu kuanzia maambukizo hadi suluhu la kisa.
While not all infected people develop antibodies, the presence of antibodies may provide information about how many people have been infected.
Ijapokuwa sio watu wote walioambukizwa hupata kingamwili, uwepo wa kingamwili unaweza kutoa maelezo ya idadi ya watu ambao wameambukizwa.
In the epicentre of the outbreak in Italy, Castiglione d'Adda, a small village of 4600, 80 (1.7%) are already dead.
Katika kitovu cha mlipuko huko Italia, Castiglione d'Adda, kijiji kidogo cha watu 4600, 80 (asilimia 1.7) tayari wamekufa.
In Gangelt, the disease was spread by Carnival festivals, and spread to younger people, causing a relatively lower mortality, and not all COVID-19 deaths may have been formally classified as such.
Huko Gangelt, ugonjwa huo ulienezwa katika sherehe za Kanivali, na kuenezwa kwa vijana, na kusababisha vifo visivyo vingi, na sio vifo vyote vya COVID-19 vinaweza kuorodheshwa rasmi kwa namna hiyo.
Furthermore, the German health system has not been overwhelmed.
Zaidi ya hayo, mfumo wa afya wa Ujerumani haujashindwa.
In the Netherlands, about 3% may have antibodies, as assessed from blood donors.
Huko Uholanzi, karibu asilimia 3 wanaweza kuwa na kingamwili, kama ilivyotathminiwa kutoka kwa watu wanaotoa damu.
69 (0.004% of the population) have been confirmed to have died from COVID-19.
69 (asilimia 0.004 ya idadi ya watu) wamethibitishwa kuwa wamekufa kwa sababu ya COVID-19.
The impact of the pandemic and its mortality rate are different for men and women.
Athari ya maradhi haya na kiwango chake cha vifo ni tofauti kwa wanaume na wanawake.
Mortality is higher in men in studies conducted in China and Italy.
Katika utafiti uliofanywa huko Uchina na Italia, kiwango cha vifo viko juu kwa wanaume.
The highest risk for men is in their 50s, with the gap between men and women closing only at 90.
Hatari kubwa ni kwa wanaume wenye umri wa miaka 50 na zaidi, na pengo kati ya wanaume na wanawake likikaribiana katika umri wa miaka 90 tu.
In China, the death rate was 2.8 percent for men and 1.7 percent for women.
Nchini China, kiwango cha vifo kilikuwa asilimia 2.8 kwa wanaume na asilimia 1.7 kwa wanawake.
The exact reasons for this sex-difference is not known, but genetic and behavioural factors could be a reason.
Sababu halisi za utofauti huu wa kijinsia haujulikani, lakini vipengele vya maumbile na tabia vinaweza kuwa ni sababu.
Sex-based immunological differences, lesser prevalence of smoking in women and men developing co-morbid conditions such as hypertension at a younger age than women could have contributed to the higher mortality in men.
Tofauti za kingamaradhi zinazohusiana na jinsia, kiwango cha wanawake kuvuta sigara kupunguka na wanaume kuwa na maradhi zaidi ya moja kama vile shinikizo la damu katika umri mdogo kuliko wanawake kunaweza kuwa kulichangia vifo vya juu kwa wanaume.
In Europe, 57% of the infected individuals were men and 72% of those died with COVID-19 were men.
Nchini Ulaya, asilimia 57 ya watu walioambukizwa walikuwa wanaume na asilimia 72 ya waliokufa kwa sababu ya COVID-19 walikuwa wanaume.
As of April 2020, the US government is not tracking sex-related data of COVID-19 infections.
Kuanzia Aprili 2020, serikali ya Marekani haifuatilii data inayohusiana na jinsia ya maambukizo ya COVID-19.
Research has shown that viral illnesses like Ebola, HIV, influenza and SARS affect men and women differently.
Utafiti umeonyesha kuwa ugonjwa wa virusi kama vile Ebola, HIV, homa ya mafua na SARS huathiri wanaume na wanawake tofauti.
A higher percentage of health workers, particularly nurses, are women, and they have a higher chance of being exposed to the virus.
Asilimia kubwa ya wafanyakazi wa afya, haswa wauguzi, ni wanawake, na wana uwezekano mkubwa wa kuambukizwa virusi hivyo.
The World Health Organization announced on 11 February 2020 that the official name of the disease would be "COVID-19".
Shirika la Afya Duniani lilitangaza terehe 11 Februari 2020 kuwa jina rasmi la ugonjwa huo litakuwa "COVID-19".
WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus explained that CO stands for corona, VI for virus, D for disease, and 19 for when the outbreak was first identified: 31 December 2019.
Mkuu wa WHO, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, alielezea kuwa CO inawakilisha korona, VI kwa virusi, D kwa ugonjwa na 19 ni mwaka wa kwanza ambao mlipuko uligunduliwa: 31 Desemba 2019.
The name had been chosen to avoid references to a specific geographical location (e.g. China), animal species or group of people, in line with international recommendations for naming aimed at preventing stigmatisation.The virus that causes COVID-19 is named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Jina hili lilichaguliwa ili kuepuka kurejelea eneo mahususi la kijiografia (k.m. China), aina za wanyama au vikundi vya watu, kulingana na mapendekezo ya kimataifa kuhusu kutoa jina linalolenga kuzuia unyanyapaa. Virusi vinavyosababisha COVID-19 vinaitwa virusi vya korona vya ugonjwa mbaya wa pumu 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
The WHO additionally uses "the COVID-19 virus" and "the virus responsible for COVID-19" in public communications.
WHO vile vile inatumia "virusi vya COVID-19" and "virusi vinavyosababisha COVID-19" katika mawasiliano ya umma.
Both the disease and virus are commonly referred to as "coronavirus".
Ugonjwa na virusi hujulikana kwa kawaida kama "virusi vya korona".
During the initial outbreak in Wuhan, China, the virus and disease were commonly referred to as "coronavirus" and "Wuhan coronavirus".
Wakati wa mlipuko wa kwanza huko Wuhan, Uchina, virusi na ugonjwa huo ulijulikana kwa kawaida kama "virusi vya korona" na "virusi vya korona vya Wuhan".
In January 2020, WHO recommended 2019-nCov and 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease as interim names for the virus and disease in accordance with 2015 guidance against using locations in disease and virus names.
Mnamo Januari 2020, WHO ilipendekeza kuwa ugonjwa mkali wa matatizo ya kupumua wa 2019-nCov na 2019-nCov kama majina ya muda ya virusi na ugonjwa huo kulingana na mwongozo wa 2015 unaopinga kutumia maeneo kama majina ya ugonjwa na virusi,
The official names COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 were issued on 11 February 2020.
Majina rasmi COVID-19 na SARS-CoV-12 yalitolewa tarehe 11, Februari 2020.
Due to capacity limitations in the standard supply chains, some digital manufacturers are printing healthcare material such as nasal swabs and ventilator parts.
Kwa sababu ya vizuizi vya uwezo katika msururu wa ugavi wa kawaida, baadhi ya watengenezaji wa kidijitali wanachapisha vifaa vya huduma ya afya kama vile visafisha pua na sehemu za uingizaji wa hewa.
In one example, when an Italian hospital urgently required a ventilator valve, and the supplier was unable to deliver in the timescale required, a local startup reverse-engineered and printed the required 100 valves overnight.
Katika mfano mmoja, wakati hospitali ya Italia ilihitaji kwa haraka neli ya uingizaji hewa, na muuzaji hakuweza kuwasilisha kwa muda mwafaka, muuzaji wa ndani alitengeneza na kuchapisha neli 100 zinazohitajika kwa usiku mmoja.
After the initial outbreak of COVID-19, conspiracy theories, misinformation and disinformation emerged regarding the origin, scale, prevention, treatment and other aspects of the disease and rapidly spread online.
Baada ya mkurupuko wa kwanza wa COVID-19, nadharia za uongo, taarifa za uongo na kutokuwepo kwa taarifa kuliibuka kuhusiana na chimbuko, kiwango, kinga, matibabu na nyenzo nyingine za ugonjwa na kuenea haraka mtandaoni.
Humans appear to be capable of spreading the virus to some other animals.
Wanadamu wanaonekana kuwa na uwezo wa kusambaza virusi kwa wanyama wengine.
The study failed to find evidence of viral replication in pigs, ducks, and chickens.
Utafiti ulishindwa kupata ushahidi wa virusi kujirudufisha kwa nguruwe, bata, na kuku.
No medications or vaccine is approved to treat the disease.
Hakuna dawa au chanjo iliyothibitishwa kutibu ugonjwa huo.
International research on vaccines and medicines in COVID-19 are underway by government organisations, academic groups and industry researchers.
Utafiti wa kimataifa wa chanjo na dawa za COVID-19 unaendelezwa na mashirika ya serikali, vikundi vya wasomi, na watafiti wa tasnia.
In March, the World Health Organization initiated the "SOLIDARITY Trial" to assess treatment effects of four existing antiviral compounds with the most promise of efficacy.
Mnamo Machi, Shirika la Afya Duniani lillizindua "Jaribio la UMOJA" ili kutathmini athari za matibabu za dawa nne zilizopo zinazopigana na virusi kukiwa na ahadi kubwa ya ufanisi.
There is no available vaccine, but various agencies are actively developing vaccine candidates.
Hakuna chanjo inayopatikana, lakini mashirika anuwai yanakuza chanjo mbalimbali.
Previous work on SARS-CoV is being utilised because SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 both use the ACE2 receptor to enter human cells.
Kazi za awali za SARS-CoV zinatumika kwa sababu SARS-CoV na SARS-CoV-2 vyote vinatumia kipokezi cha ACE2 ili kuingia kwenye seli za binadamu.
There are three vaccination strategies being investigated.
Kuna mikakati tatu ya chanjo ambayo inachunguzwa.
First, researchers aim to build a whole virus vaccine.
Kwanza, watafiti wanakusudia kuunda chanjo ya virusi vyote.
The use of such a virus, be it inactive or dead, aims to elicit a prompt immune response of the human body to a new infection with COVID-19.
Matumizi ya virusi kama hivi, viwe havifanyi kazi au vimekufa, yanakusudia kuongeza matokeo ya kingamwili ya mwili ya binadamu kwa maambukizo mapya ya COVID-19.
A second strategy, subunit vaccines, aims to create a vaccine that sensitises the immune system to certain subunits of the virus.
Mbinu ya pili, kisehemu cha chanjo, kinakusudia kuunda chanjo ambayo inafanya mfumo wa kinga kuhisi visehemu fulani vya virusi.
In the case of SARS-CoV-2, such research focuses on the S-spike protein that helps the virus intrude the ACE2 enzyme receptor.
Katika tukio la SARS-CoV-2, utafiti kama huo unazingatia protini ya S-spike ambayo husaidia virusi kuingiza kipokezi cha kimeng'enya cha ACE2.
A third strategy is that of the nucleic acid vaccines (DNA or RNA vaccines, a novel technique for creating a vaccination).
Mbinu ya tatu ni ya chanjo ya asidi ya kiini cha chembe (chanjo za DNA au RNA, mbinu mpya ya kutengeneza chanjo).
Experimental vaccines from any of these strategies would have to be tested for safety and efficacy.On 16 March 2020, the first clinical trial of a vaccine started with four volunteers in Seattle.
Chanjo za majaribio kutokana na mbinu hizi zozote zitalazimika kupimwa kwa ajili ya usalama na ufanisi. Tarehe 16, Machi 2020, jaribio la kwanza la kliniki la chanjo lilianza na watu 4 waliojitolea huko Seattle.
The vaccine contains a harmless genetic code copied from the virus that causes the disease.Antibody dependent enhancement has been suggested as a potential challenge for vaccine development for SARS-COV-2, but this is controversial.
Chanjo hiyo ina msimbo wa jenitiki usio na madhara uliyonakiliwa kutoka kwa ugonjwa huo. Uboreshaji unaotegemea kingamwili umependekezwa kama changamoto inayowezekana ya maendeleo ya chanjo ya SARS-COV-2, lakini ina utata.
There are more than 300 active clinical trials underway as of April 2020.
Kuna majaribio zaidi ya 300 ya kliniki ambayo ni amilifu yanayoendelea kuanzia Aprili 2020.
Seven trials were evaluating already approved treatments for malaria, including four studies on hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine.
Majaribio saba yalikuwa yanatathmini matibabu yaliyothibitishwa tayari ya ugonjwa wa malaria, ikiwemo tafiti nne za hydroxychloroquine au chloroquine.
Repurposed antiviral drugs make up most of the Chinese research, with nine phase III trials on remdesivir across several countries due to report by the end of April.
Dawa za kuzuia virusi zilizorekebishwa zinajumuisha utafiti mwingi wa Uchina, na majaribio ya awamu ya III katika nchi kadhaa kwa sababu ya ripoti kabla ya mwisho wa Aprili.
A dynamic review of clinical development for COVID-19 vaccine and drug candidates was in place, as of April 2020.Several existing antiviral medications are being evaluated for treatment of COVID-19, including remdesivir, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir combined with interferon beta.
Ukaguzi changamani wa maendeleo ya kliniki ya chanjo ya na dawa za COVID-19 zinaendelea, kuanzia April 2020. Dawa kadhaa za kuzuia virusi zinatathminiwa kwa ajili ya matibabu ya COVID-19, ikiwemo remdesivir, chloroquine na hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir na lopinavir/ritonavir pamoja na interferon beta.
There is tentative evidence for efficacy by remdesivir, as of March 2020.
Kuna ushahidi wa ufanisi wa remdesivir, kuanzia Machi 2020.
Clinical improvement was observed in patients treated with compassionate-use remdesivir.
Maendeleo ya kliniki yalionekana kwa wagonjwa waliotibiwa na matumizi ya remdesivir.
Phase III clinical trials are being conducted in the US, China and Italy.Chloroquine, previously used to treat malaria, was studied in China in February 2020, with preliminary results.
Majaribio ya awamu ya III ya kliniki yanaendeshwa nchini Marekani, China na Italia. Kloroquini, ambayo awali ilitumika kutibu malaria ilifanyiwa utafiti nchini China mnamo Februari 2020, kwa kutumia matokeo ya awali.
However, there are calls for peer review of the research.
Hata hivyo, kuna wito wa ukaguzi wa wanarika wa utafiti huo.
Korean and Chinese Health Authorities recommend the use of chloroquine.
Mamlaka ya Afya ya Korea na Uchina yalipendekeza matumizi ya chloroquine.
However, the Wuhan Institute of Virology, while recommending a daily dose of one gram, notes that twice that dose is highly dangerous and could be lethal.
Hata hivyo, Taasisi ya Virolojia ya Wuhan, ijapokuwa inapendekeza kipimo cha kila siku cha gramu moja, inabaini kuwa kutumia kiwango hicho mara mbili ni hatari sana na inaweza kusababisha kifo.
On 28 March 2020, the FDA issued an emergency use authorisation for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine at the discretion of physicians treating people with COVID-19.The Chinese 7th edition guidelines also include interferon, ribavirin or umifenovir for use against COVID-19.
Tarehe 28, Machi 2020, FDA ilitoa idhini ya matumizi ya dharura ya hydroxychloroquine na chloroquine kwa hiari ya madaktari wanaotibu watu wenye ugonjwa wa COVID-19. Miongozo ya toleo la 7 la Wachina pia inajumuisha matumizi ya interferon, ribavirin au umifonovir ili kuzuia COVID-19.
Preliminary data indicate that high doses of ribavirin are necessary to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro.
Data za awali zinaonyesha kipimo cha kiwango cha juu cha ribavirin ni muhimu kuzuia SARS-CoV-2 katika chombo cha glasi.
Nitazoxanide has been recommended for further in vivo study after demonstrating low concentration inhibition of SARS-CoV-2.Studies have demonstrated that initial spike protein priming by transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) is essential for entry of SARS-CoV-2 via interaction with the ACE2 receptor.
Nitazaxonide imependekezwa kwa utafiti zaidi wa vivo baada ya kuonyesha uzuizi wa kiwango cha chini cha ukolezo wa SARS-CoV-2. Utafiti umeonyesha kwamba ongezeko la maandalizi ya protini kwa kutumia transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) ni muhimu kwa uingiaji wa SARS-CpV-2 kupitia mtagusano na vipokezi vya ACE2.
The studies of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin have major limitations that have prevented the medical community from embracing these therapies without further study.Oseltamivir does not inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and has no known role in COVID-19 treatment.
Utafiti kuhusu dawa ya chloroquine na hydroxychloroquine iwe au isiwe na chembe cha azithromycin una upungufu mkubwa ambao umewazuia wataalamu wa matibabu kukumbatia matibabu haya bila utafiti zaidi kufanywa. Oseltamivir haizuii SARS-CoV-2 katika utungishaji na haina jukumu linalofahamika katika matibabu ya COVID-19.
Cytokine storm can be a complication in the later stages of severe COVID-19.
Kuwepo kwa protini ya Cytokine kwa wingi kunaweza kusababisha hali changamano katika viwango vya baadaye vya hali mbaya ya COVID-19.
There is evidence that hydroxychloroquine may have anti-cytokine storm properties.Tocilizumab has been included in treatment guidelines by China's National Health Commission after a small study was completed.
Kuna ushahidi kwamba dawa ya hydroxychloroquine inaweza kuwa na sifa za kupambana na ongezeko kupita kiasi la sitokini. Tocilizumab imejumuishwa kwenye maelekezo ya matibabu ya Tume ya Afya ya kitaifa ya China baada ya utafiti mdogo kukamilishwa.
It is undergoing a phase 2 non randomised test at the national level in Italy after showing positive results in people with severe disease.
Inapitia awamu ya 2 ya vipimo visivyo na utaratibu maalum katika kiwango cha kitaifa nchini Italia baada ya kuonyesha matokeo chanya kwa watu walio na ugonjwa kali.
Combined with a serum ferritin blood test to identify cytokine storms, it is meant to counter such developments, which are thought to be the cause of death in some affected people.
Ikichanganywa na kipimo cha damu cha seramu ya feritini ili kutambua ongezeko kupita kiasi la sitokini, imekusudiwa kukabiliana na matokeo kama hayo, ambayo yanachukuliwa kuwa sababu ya vifo kati ya watu walioambukizwa.
The interleukin-6 receptor antagonist was approved by the FDA based on retrospective case studies for treatment of steroid refractory cytokine release syndrome induced by a different cause, CAR T cell therapy, in 2017.
Kipinzani cha vipokezi vya interleukin-6 kiliidhinishwa na FDA kwa sababu ya utafiti wa baadaye wa matibabu ya ugonjwa wa ongezeko kupita kiasi la sitokini uliosababishwa na sababu tofauti, matibabu ya seli ya CAR, mwaka wa 2017.
To date, there is no randomised, controlled evidence that tocilizumab is an efficacious treatment for CRS.
Hadi sasa, hakuna ushahidi wenye utaratibu maalum, uliodhibitiwa wa kuwa tocimizumab ni matatibabu bora ya CRS.
Transferring purified and concentrated antibodies produced by the immune systems of those who have recovered from COVID-19 to people who need them is being investigated as a non-vaccine method of passive immunisation.
Kuhamisha kingamwili zilizochapishwa na zilizokolea zilizozalishwa na mifumo ya kinga ya mwili ya watu waliopona kutokana na COVID-19 kwa watu wanaozihitaji kunachunguzwa kama njia isiyo amilifu ya kinga ya mwili isiyo ya chanjo.
This strategy was tried for SARS with inconclusive results.
Mbinu hii ilijaribiwa kwa SARS na matokeo yasio kamili.
Viral neutralisation is the anticipated mechanism of action by which passive antibody therapy can mediate defence against SARS-CoV-2.
Usawazishaji wa virusi ndiyo njia inayotarajiwa ya hatua ambayo tiba isiyoamilifu ya kingamwili inaweza kuleta kinga dhidi ya SARS-CoV-2.
Other mechanisms however, such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and/or phagocytosis, may be possible.
Hata hivyo, mbinu nyingine, kama vile sitotoksiki ya seli na/au phagocytosis zinazotegema kingamwili, zinawezekana.
Other forms of passive antibody therapy, for example, using manufactured monoclonal antibodies, are in development.
Njia nyingine za matibabu yasiyo amilifu ya kinga mwili, kwa mfano, kutumia kingamwili zilizotengenezwa za kloni za namna moja zinaundwa.
Production of convalescent serum, which consists of the liquid portion of the blood from recovered patients and contains antibodies specific to this virus, could be increased for quicker deployment.
Uzalishaji wa chanjo ya dawa ya ahueni, yenye sehemu ya kioevu cha damu kutoka kwa wagonjwa waliopona na ina kingamwili ambayo ni maalum kwa virusi, inaweza kuongezeka kwa sababu ya kutengenezwa kwa haraka.
Coronavirus diseases, a group of closely related syndromes
Ugonjwa wa virusi vya korona, kundi la magonjwa yanayo husiana kwa karibu
Li Wenliang, a doctor at Central Hospital of Wuhan, who later contracted and died of COVID-19 after raising awareness of the spread of the virus.
Li Wenliang, daktrari katika Hospitali Kuu ya Wuhan, ambaye baadaye aliambukizwa na kuaga dunia kwa sababu ya COVID-19 baada ya kuelimisha umma kuhusu kuenea kwa virusi.