atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
A 1974 report by the World Bank defined formal education as the following:Formal education: the hierarchically structured, chronologically graded ‘education system’, running from primary school through the university and including, in addition to general academic studies, a variety of specialised programmes and institutions for full-time technical and professional training.The majority of data collected on the number of students and learners impacted by COVID-19 has been calculated based on the closure of formal education systems.
Tirakoobka Hay'ada UNESCO waxa lagu sheegey tirada ardayda ee uu saameeyay COVID-19 inay u dhiganto tirada ardayda ee ku jirta xanaanada caruurta, dugsiga hoose, dugsiga dhexe, iyo dugsiga sare heerarka waxbarasho ee ah [ISCED heerarka ah ee 0 ilaa 3], iyo sidoo kale heerarka waxbarashada deegaanka ee [ISCED heerarka ah ee 5 ilaa 8].
The UNESCO Institute for Statistics provides figures on students impacted by COVID-19 corresponding to the number of learners enrolled at pre-primary, primary, lower-secondary, and upper-secondary levels of education [ISCED levels 0 to 3], as well as at tertiary education levels [ISCED levels 5 to 8].
Barnaamijyada waxbarashada caruurnimada hore ah caadiyan waxaa loogu talo geley caruurta ka yar 3 jirka ah waxaana loo yaqaan waxbarashada dugsiga kahor, xanaanada caruurta, kindergaardhenka, iyo barnaamijyada qaar maalintii caruurta lagu hayo.
Early childhood educational programmes are usually designed for children below the age of 3 and may refer to preschools, nursery schools, kindergartens, and some day care programmes.
In kasta oo la xidhay waxbarashada dugsiga hoose iyo sare caalamka oo dhan COVID-19 dartiid, talaabooyinka la qaaday ee saamaynaya barnaamijyada waxbarashada caruurnimada hore wuu kala duwan yahay.
While many primary and secondary schools have closed around the world due to COVID-19, measures impacting early childhood educational programmes have varied.
Dalalka iyo deegaanada qaar, waxbarashada dugsiga kahor iyo xarumaha maalintii caruurta lagu hayo waxaa loo arkaa inay yihiin adeegyada daruuriga ah oo lamana xidhin sida loo xidhay waxbarashada kale. Maraykanka, Waaxda Gobolka Washington ee Caruurta, Dhalinyarta, iyo Qoysasku waxa ay ku dhiiri gelisaa daryeelka caruurta iyo xarumaha waxbarashada hore inay furnaadaan.
In some countries and territories, preschools and day cares are considered necessary services and have not closed in tandem with broader school closure measures.In the United States, the Washington State Department of Children, Youth, and Families encouraged child care and early learning centres to stay open.
Degmooyinka dugsiyada qaar waxa ay bixin karaan ikhtiyaar daryeelka ilmaha oo kale, oo mudnaanta lagu siinayo shaqaalaha gurmadka degdeg ah iyo shaqaalaha daryeelka caafimaad.
Some school districts may offer alternative child care options, prioritising the children of first responders and healthcare workers.
Badhasaabka Maryland waxa uu waajibiyay in adeegyada daryeelka caruurta ah ee gaarku ay u furnaadaan caruurta shaqaalaha gurmadka degdega ah ee Gobolka Washington oo California-na waxay taas u daysay go'aandeega bixiyaha daryeelka.
The governor of Maryland mandated that specific child care services remain open for the children of emergency personnel while Washington State and California have left it to the discretion of care providers.
Badhasaabka California Gavin Newson waxa uu ku sheegey mawqifkiisa, oo uu yiri "waxa aanu u baahanahay xarumaheena daryeelka ilmaha, xarumaha maalintii caruurta lagu hayo, inay shaqeeyaan si ay u muquuniyaan xidhitaanka dugsiyada."
California Governor Gavin Newsom explained his state's position, saying “We need our child care facilities, our daycare centers, to operate to absorb the impact of these school closures.”
Colorado waxa ay ku dhiiri gelisaa samaynta "bushqada agabka" ee waalida in lagu isticmaalo guriga si markaa loogu dhigo waxbarashadii caruurtu ay ku qaadanayeen waxbarashada hore. Jabaan, Raysal Wasaare Shinzo Abe waxa uu ku dhawaaqay xidhitaanka dhamaan dugsiyada dalka oo dhan ilaa Abriil 8, laakiin, xarumaha maalintii caruurta lagu hayo waa laga soo reebey.
Colorado has encouraged the development of "tool kits" for parents to use at home to emulate the lessons children would have received in their early learning programmes.In Japan, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe closed all schools throughout the country until April 8, however, children's daycare facilities were excluded.
Horaantii Maarso, shan urur oo dadka waawayn ah oo leh xarumo xanaano oo caruurta aan gaadhin ah waxbarashada oo ku yaal Kobe ayaa laga heley coronavirus.
In early March, five adults associated with a nursing facility for preschool children in Kobe tested positive for coronavirus.
kadib markii la baadhay boqolaal caruur ah oo ku jiray xarumaha, waxaa ardayda aan gaadhin waxbarashada la ogaaday inay qabaan xanuunka.
After testing over one hundred children at the facility, a preschool student was found to be carrying the virus.
Dugsiga hoose iyo dhexe waxa uu ka kooban yahay afarta ilaa todobada sano ee ugu horeeya waxbarashada rasmiga ah.
Primary or elementary education typically consists of the first four to seven years of formal education.
Hay'ada Imtixaanaadka Caalamiga ah (IBO) waxa ay joojisay imitxaankii Barnaamijka Dhibloomada iyo Mihnada barnaamijyada la xidhiidhay oo qorshaysnaa intii u dhaxaysay 30 Abriil iyo 22 Maajo 2020, taas oo la sheegey inay saamayn ku yeelatay wax ka badan 200,000 oo arday caalamka oo dhan.
The International Baccalaureate Organization (IBO) canceled the examinations for its Diploma Programme and Career-related Programme candidates scheduled between 30 April and 22 May 2020, reportedly affecting more than 200,000 students worldwide.
IBO waxay sheegeen in lasiin doono dadkaa kusoo baxay dhibloomadooda ama shahaadadooda iyada oo laga duulayo "layslisyada ay ka shaqeeyaan" iyo qiimaynta khabiirada, dareenka, iyo xakmaynta tayada ee hore barnaamijka loogu dhisay."
The IBO stated that it would award candidates their diplomas or certificates based on "their coursework" and "the established assessment expertise, rigor, and quality control already built into the programme."
Waxbarashada deegaamada, sidoo kale ah waxbarashada sare, waxaa loola jeedaa heerarka waxbarashada ee aan waajibka ahayn ee ka danbaysa dhamaystirka dugsiyada sare ama dugsiga sare.
Tertiary education, also known as higher education, refers to the non-compulsory educational levels that follow completion of secondary school or high school.
Waxbarashada qaybaheeda caadiga waxaa jaamacada ka hooseeya dhamaysigeeda iyo shahaadada sare, iyo sidoo kale waxbarashada iyo tobobarka farsamada.
Tertiary education is normally taken to include undergraduate and postgraduate education, as well as vocational education and training.
Shakhsiyaadka dhamaystirtay qaybaha waxbarashada guud waxa ay qaadaan shahaado, dhiblooma, ama dhigtii waxbarasho.
Individuals who complete tertiary education generally receive certificates, diplomas, or academic degrees.
Waxbarashada jaamacada aan la dhamaystanin weli waxaa weeye waxbarashada ka danbaysa dugsiga sare iyo kahor inta aan jaacamada laga qalin jabinin, taas oo ardayda caadiyan la siiyo shahaadada baajolarka.
Undergraduate education is education conducted after secondary education and prior to post-graduate education, for which the learner is typically awarded a bachelor's degree.
Ardayda ku jirta barnaamijyada waxbarashada sare ee kuuliyada, jaamacadaha, iyo kuuliyada bulshada waxaa badanaa loo yaqaan dalalka sida Maraykanka "ardayda kuuliyadaha." Xidhitaanka kuuliyadaha iyo jaacamaduhu waxa uu si balaan u sameeyay ardaya, xarumaha, maamulka, iyo xarumaha waxbarashada laftooda.
Students enrolled in higher education programmes at colleges, universities, and community colleges are often refereed to in countries such as United States as "college students."The closure of colleges and universities has widespread implications for students, faculty, administrators, and the institutions themselves.
Kuuliyadaha iyo jaamacadaha Maraykanka oo dhan waxaa laga dalbaday inay ardayda u celiyaan fiigii iyo kharashkoo qololka iyo qoraalka.
Colleges and universities across the United States have been called upon to issue refunds to students for the cost of tuition and room and board.
Maraykanka, Kuuliyadaha iyo jaamacadaha waxay u shaqeeyaan sidii "magaalooyin yaryar" kuwaas oo usoo saara dhaqaale xoogan magaalooyinka, gobolada, iyo deegaamada.
In the United States of America, Colleges and universities operate as "mini-cities" which generate significant revenue for cities, states, and regions.
Tusaale ahaan, Jaamacada Princeton waxa ay dhaqaalaha New Jersey ku dartaa $1.58 milyan USD oo ardayduna waxay celcelis ahaan wixii jaamacada ka baxsan ku bixiyaan ilaa $60 milyan oo kharas ah.
For example, Princeton University contributed $1.58 billion USD to the New Jersey economy and students spent about $60 million in off-campus spending.
Kuuliyadaha iyo jaamacadaha xidhitaankoodu waxa saameeyay dhaqaalaha oo uu saamayn wayn ku yeeshay. Sida ay sheegtey Linda Bilmes oo ka socota Harvard Kennedy School, "hudheelada, maqaaxiyada, macmacaanlayaasha, tukaamada, hay'ada kireeya gaadiidka, iyo ganacsiyada kale ee deeganku waxa ay dakhli laxaad la' ka helaan todobaadka qalinjabinta iyo munaasabada dib la iskugu yimaado kuuliyadaha...
College and university closures have a domino effect on economies with far-reaching implications.According to Linda Bilmes of the Harvard Kennedy School, "local hotels, restaurants, cafes, shops, car rental agencies and other local businesses obtain a significant share of annual revenue from graduation week and college reunions...
bulshooyinakn waxa soo gaadhaya dhaqaale burbur xoogan hadii kuuliyaduhu sidaa u xidhnaadaan wakhtigaas. " Magaalooyinka yaryr ee ku tiirsan ardayda kuuliyada si ay dhaqaalaha deegaanka uga helaan iyo ganacsiyada deegaanka ee shaqaalaysii ayaa s gaar ah u saamayn dooaa xidhitaanka dugsiga iyo ka joojinta ardada xarumaha waxbarashada.
these communities will suffer a lot of economic damage if the colleges remain closed at that time."Small towns which rely on college students to support the local economy and provide labour to local businesses are especially impacted by school closures and the exodus of students from campus.
Ithaca, New York, Jaamacada Cornell waxa ay ardaydu ugu yaraan $4 milyan ku bixisaan todobaadkii degmada Tompkins.
In Ithaca, New York, Cornell University students spent at least $4 million a week in Tompkins county.
Markii lagu warheley go'aanka Cornell ee ah inayna ardaydu guryaha kasoo bixin fasaxa dayrta iyo inay u wareegaan waxbarashada maqal iyo muuqaalka ah, Duqa Ithaca waxa uu ku baaqay "talaabo degdeg ah oo federalka ah oo khasab ah - waxa aanu aragnaa saamaynta xun ee dhaqaalaha ee uu keeney xidhitaanka Jaamacada Cornell."
In the wake of Cornell's decision to keep students home following spring break and transition to virtual instruction, the Mayor of Ithaca called for "immediate and forceful federal action — we will see a horrific economic impact as a result of Cornell University closing."
UNESCO waxay wadaagtay 10 talo mudadan:
UNESCO is sharing 10 recommendations during this period:
In la tijaabiyo diyaar garawga iyo doorashada agabka munaasabka ah: Go'aaminta isticmaalka teknoolooniyada sare iyo xalka teknooloojiyada hoose taas oo ku salaysan sida looga heli karo deegaanka oo tamarta looga heli karo, internetka, iyo xirfadaha dhijitaalka ah ee macalimiinta iyo ardayda.
Examine the readiness and choose the most relevant tools: Decide on the use high-technology and low-technology solutions based on the reliability of local power supplies, internet connectivity, and digital skills of teachers and students.
Taasi waxa ay noqon kartaa madasha dhijitaalka ah, duruusta laga bartay, MOOCs, ka baahinta idaacadaha iyo TVyada.
This could range through integrated digital learning platforms, video lessons, MOOCs, to broadcasting through radios and TVs.
Xaqiijinta ka wada qayb galka barnaamijyada waxbarashada guriga: Dhaqan gelinta talaabooyin lagu xaqiijinayo in ardaydu ay ku jiraan kuwa laxaadka la' ama kasoo jeeda dadka saboolka ah inay heli karaan waxbarashada iyada oo aan la wada joogin la isku dhigo, hadii ay kaliya tiro yar oo xadidan ay heli karaan aaladaha dhijitaalka ah.
Ensure inclusion of the distance learning programmes: Implement measures to ensure that students including those with disabilities or from low-income backgrounds have access to distance learning programmes, if only a limited number of them have access to digital devices.
Waxa aad isla eegtaan in meel dhexe la dhigo aaladaha sida kolbuyuutar laab ilaa qoysaska iyo taageerada helitaanka internet.
Consider temporarily decentralising such devices from computer labs to families and support them with internet connectivity.
Ilaalinta sirta macluumaadka iyo amaanka macluumaadka: Gelitaanka macluumaadka amaanka ah marka la gelinayo macluumaadka ama khayraadka waxbarashada ee goobaha websaytyada, sida marka lala wadaagayo hay'ada kale ama shakhsiyaadka.
Protect data privacy and data security: Assess data security when uploading data or educational resources to web spaces, as well as when sharing them with other organisations or individuals.
In la xaqiijiyo in isticmaalka barnaamijka iyo madasha ayna kahor imanaynin macluumaadka sirta ah ee ardayga.
Ensure that the use of applications and platforms does not violate students’ data privacy.
In mudnaanta lasiiyo xalalka lagaga jawaabayo caqabada cilmi nafsi kahor inta aan la bilaabin wax dhigista: In la isku keeno agabka la heli karo si loogu xidhmo dugsiyada, waalidiinta, macalimiinta, iyo ardayda dhaxdooda.
Prioritize solutions to address psychosocial challenges before teaching: Mobilize available tools to connect schools, parents, teachers, and students with each other.
Samaynta bulshooyin si loo xaqiijiyo in si joogto ah dadku u macaamiilan, in la suuro geliyo talaabooyinka daryeelka bulshada, iyo in laga jawaabo caqabadaha cilmi nafsi ee iman kara ee ardayda soo gaadhi kara marka ay kaligood noqdaan.
Create communities to ensure regular human interactions, enable social caring measures, and address possible psychosocial challenges that students may face when they are isolated.
Qorshaha jadwalka waxbarasho ee barnaamijyada waxbarashada iyada oo meel aan la wada joogin: In lasoo qaban qaabiyo madalo lagaga wada hadlayo cida ay khusayso si loo eego macluumaadka mudada uu xidhnaanayo dugsiyadu iyo in la go'aamiyo in diirada loo saaro waxbarashada meel aan la wada joogin inay noqoto qaab cusub oo wax la iskugu dhigo oo si la qiro ama in aqoonta ardayda lagu kordhiyo kahor inta ayna waxbarashada gelin.
Plan the study schedule of the distance learning programmes: Organise discussions with stakeholders to examine the possible duration of school closures and decide whether the distance learning programme should focus on teaching new knowledge or enhance students’ knowledge of prior lessons.
Qorshaynta jadwalka oo ku xidhan xaalada aaga uu saameeyay, heerarka waxbarasho, baahiyaha ardayda, iyo helitaanka waalidka.
Plan the schedule depending on the situation of the affected zones, level of studies, needs of students needs, and availability of parents.
Waxa aad doorataa qaabka munaasabk ah ee wax dhigashada taas oo ku xidhan xaalada xidhitaanka dugsiga iyo isku soo xidhka guriga.
Choose the appropriate learning methodologies based on the status of school closures and home-based quarantines.
Waxa aad iska ilaalisaa qaabka u baanan xidhiidhka foolka-foolka ah.
Avoid learning methodologies that require face-to-face communication.
In lasiiyo taageero macalimiinta iyo waalidka ah sidii loo isticmaali lahaa agabka dhijitaalka ah: in la sameeyo tobobkar kooban ama macluumaad hordhac bixin oo waalidka iyo macalinka ah sidoo kale, hadii loo baahdo kormeer iyo u fududayn.
Provide support to teachers and parents on the use of digital tools: Organise brief training or orientation sessions for teachers and parents as well, if monitoring and facilitation are needed.
In laga caawiyo macalimiinta inay u diyaar garoobaan habdhismeedka aas aasiga ah sida xalka isticmaalka internetka mobile-ka hadii loo baahdo inay toos u baahiyaan casharada.
Help teachers to prepare the basic settings such as solutions to the use of internet data if they are required to provide live streaming of lessons.
In lagu soo daro qaabka munaasabka ah iyo in la xadido tirada barnaamijyada iyo madalaha: In lagu soo daro agabka ama saxaafada la heli ay heli karaan badanaa ardaydu, taas oo ah xidhiidh iyo duruus hore u jiray ama cusub, iyo wax dhigasho cusub ama hore u jirtay.
Blend appropriate approaches and limit the number of applications and platforms: Blend tools or media that are available for most students, both for synchronous communication and lessons, and for asynchronous learning.
Si looga hortago culayska ardayda iyo waalidka oo ah in laga dalbado inay soo dejistaan oo ay tijaabiyaan barnaamijyo ama madalo badan sidoo kale.
Avoid overloading students and parents by asking them to download and test too many applications or platforms.
In la samaysto shuruucda waxbarashada meesha aanay ardayda iyo macalinku waxa joogin iyo in lala socodo ardayda inta wax la baranayo: In la isla eego shuruucda waalidka iyo ardayda waxbarashada meesha aaan la wada joogin.
Develop distance learning rules and monitor students’ learning process: Define the rules with parents and students on distance learning.
In la sameeyo qaabka su;'aalaha, imtixaanaadka, ama alamiitada si loola socdo si dhaw nidaamka waxbarashada ardayda.
Design formative questions, tests, or exercises to monitor closely students’ learning process.
Isku day inaad isticmaasho taageerada gudbinta ee jawaabaha ardayda iyo in la iska ilaaliyo culayska waalidka iyada oo looga baahanayo inay soo sawiraan oo ay diyaar jawaabta ardayda.
Try to use tools to support submission of students’ feedback and avoid overloading parents by requesting them to scan and send students’ feedback
In la bayaamiyo mudada waxbarashada meesha aan la wada joogin taas oo ku salaysan xirfadaha ismaamulida ardayga: In la sameeyo wakhti macquul ah oo heerarka ardayda ee ismaamulida nafta ah iyo awooda dheehashada gaar ahaan wakhtigan fasalada tooska loo baahinayo.
Define the duration of distance learning units based on students’ self-regulation skills: Keep a coherent timing according to the level of the students’ self-regulation and metacognitive abilities especially for livestreaming classes.
Waxaa la doorbidayaa in qaybaha dugsiga hoose inayna ka badan 20 daqiiqo, oo ayna ka dheeraan 40 daqiiqo ardayda dugsiga sare.
Preferably, the unit for primary school students should not be more than 20 minutes, and no longer than 40 minutes for secondary school students.
Abuurista xidhiidhka iyo kordhinta xidhiidhka: Abuurista xidhiidhka wax dhigista, waalidnimada, iyo maamulida dugsiyada ee ka jawaabida dareenka kalinimo ama raji beel, fududaynta wadaajiga khibrada iyo ka wada hadalka khidada loola tacaalayo marka ay timaado inay ku adkaato waxbarashu.
Create communities and enhance connection: Create communities of teachers, parents, and school managers to address sense of loneliness or helplessness, facilitate sharing of experience and discussion on coping strategies when facing learning difficulties.
Arday 290 milyan ah ayaa ka maqan waxbarashadii COVID-19 dartiis: UNESCO waxa ay soo saartaa tiradii ugu horeysay ee caalamka oo waxayna diyaarisay jawaabta, UNECSO.
290 million students out of school due to COVID-19: UNESCO releases first global numbers and mobilizes response, UNESCO.
Xakmaynta khatarta goobta shaqada ee COVID-19
Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19
Xakmaynta khatarta goobta shaqada ee COVID-19 waxaa weeye barnaamijyo lagu dabaqayo amaanka shaqada iyo qaabka caafimaadka ee loo xakamaynayo waxyeelo si looga hortago xanuunka coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19).
Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19 are the application of occupational safety and health methodologies for hazard controls to the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Qaabka saxda ah ee xakamaynta khatarta goobta shaqadu waxay ku xidhan tahay goobta shaqada iyo shaqooyinka, waxay ku xidhan tahay qiimaynta khatarta ee isha meesha uu qofka kasoo gaadhi karo, inta uu le'eg yahay xanuunku bulshada dhaxdeeda, iyo xaaladaha khatarta ee shaqaalaha shakhsiyaadka ah kuwaas oo u nugul inay qaadaan COVID-19.
The proper hazard controls in the workplace depend on the worksite and job task, based on a risk assessment of sources of exposure, disease severity in the community, and risk factors of individual workers who may be vulnerable to contracting COVID-19.
Sida ay sheegeen Maamulka Caafimaadka iyo Amaanka Shaqada Maraykanka (OSHA), marka uu yaraado khatarta inuu dadka soo gadho isaga oo shaqada ku jira waxay yaraynaysaa in shaqada lagu kala qaado shacabka iyo daka wada shaqaynayaayi, taas oo loo baahan yahay talaabooyin aas aasiga ah oo lagaga hortagayo faafitaanka caabuqa, oo ay ku jiraan gacmo maydhis, ku dhiiri gelin shaqaalaha inay gurigooda joogaan hadii ay xanuunsanayaan, qabaan xanuun neefsiga ah, oo ay si joogto ah nadaafada ugu dadaalaan oo ay jeermiska ka dilaan goobta shaqada.
According to the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), lower exposure risk jobs have minimal occupational contact with the public and other coworkers, for which basic infection prevention measures are recommended, including hand washing, encouraging workers to stay home if they are sick, respiratory etiquette, and maintaining routine cleaning and disinfecting of the work environment.
Khatarta waxoogaaga ah ee shaqada waxaa kamid ah dadka looga baahan yahay inay dadka aan la garaynin ama looga shakisan yahay COVID-19 inay macaamilaan ama u dhawaada, laakiin ay dhici karta inuu ka qaaday caabuqa bulshaamada inta uu u socdaalay dibada.
Medium exposure risk jobs include those that require frequent or close contact with people who are not known or suspected with COVID-19, but may be infected due to ongoing community transmission or international travel.
Kuwaas waxaa kamid ah shaqaalaha ay isasoo gaadheen shacabka guud sida dugsiyada, deegaanada shaqo ee dadku ku badan yihiin, iyo tukaamada dadka badan.
This includes workers who have contact with the general public such as in schools, high-population-density work environments, and some high-volume retail settings.
Iska ilaalinta khatarta ee kooxdan, sidoo kale talaabooyinka kahortaga caabuqa ee aas aasiga ah, oo ay ku jiraan mishiinada neefsiga ee isticmaala hawo nadiifiyaha aadka u tayo sareeya, wax ka ilaaliya hindhisada dadka kale, iyo in la helo agabka ilaalinta shakhsi ahaaneed ee la heli karo hadii qofka ay isasoo gaadhaan cid qabta COVID-19.
Hazard controls for this group, in addition to basic infection prevention measures, include ventilation using high-efficiency air filters, sneeze guards, and having personal protective equipment available in case a person with COVID-19 is encountered.
OSHA waxay eegeysaa daryeelka caafimaadka iyo shaqaalaha waayeelka ah ee ay isasoo gaadheen cid aan la garanaynin ama dadka looga shakisan yahay COVID-19 waxaa loo arkaa inay tahay khatar sare, taas oo kordhinaysa khatarta hadii shaqaalaha uu qabto nidaam guud, ama uruurin ama ka shaqayn muunada ah, oo loo yaqaan ama looga shakiyo qofka inuu qabo COVID-19.
OSHA considers healthcare and mortuary workers exposed to known or suspected person with COVID-19 to be at high exposure risk, which increases to very high exposure risk if workers perform aerosol-generating procedures on, or collect or handle specimens from, known or suspected person with COVID-19.
Xakamaynta waxyeelada ee shaqaalahaas oo ay ku jiraan xakamaynta farsao ee qolka hawo nadiifiya ee cadaadiska negetifka, iyo agabka ilaalida shakhsi ahaaneed ee munaasabka ah ee shaqada.
Hazard controls appropriate for these workers include engineering controls such as negative pressure ventilation rooms, and personal protective equipment appropriate to the job task.
Faafitaanka COVID-19 waxa uu ku yeelan karaa saamayn xun goobta shaqada.
COVID-19 outbreaks can have several effects within the workplace.
Shaqaalaha waxaa dhici karta inayna ka maqnaanin goobta shaqada xanuun darteed, ay macquul tahay in loo baahdo inay daryeelaan mid kale, ama baqi inuu asiibi karo ah.
Workers may be absent from work due to becoming sick, needing to care for others, or from fear of possible exposure.
Qaababka ganacsiga ayaa is badali kara, taas oo ah alaabta loo baahan yahay, iyo qaabka loo heleyo alaabaadkan (sida in la iibsado saacada aan saxmada ahayn ama in guriga la iskugu keeno ama iyada oo gaadhiga lagu jiro in la iibsado).
Patterns of commerce may change, both in terms of what goods are demanded, and the means of acquiring these goods (such as shopping at off-peak hours or through delivery or drive-through services).
Ugu danbayntii, alaabaadka ka yimaada meelaha uu aadka ugu habsaday COVID-19 waxaa dhici kara in khalkhal uu soo galo. Qorshaha u diyaar garawga iyo ka jawaabida xanuunka caabuqa ah ayaa loo adeegsan karaa si uu kuugu hago talaabooyinka is ilaalinta inuu ina hago..
Lastly, shipments of items from geographic areas severely affected by COVID-19 may be interrupted.An infectious disease preparedness and response plan can be used to guide protective actions.
Qorshayaasha lagaag jawaabayo khatarta la xidhiidha goobaha shaqada ee kala duwan iyo shaqooyinka, oo ay ku jiraan meelaha laga qaadayo, xaalada khatarta ee ka imanaysa guriga iyo bulshada, iyo xaaladaha khatarta ee shaqada shakhsi ahaaneed sida da'da wayn ama mushkilada caafimaadka mudada dheer.
Plans address the levels of risk associated with various worksites and job tasks, including sources of exposure, risk factors arising from home and community settings, and risk factors of individual workers such as old age or chronic medical conditions.
Waxa ay sidoo kale sheegaan daruuriyaadka lagaga jawaabayo khatarahaas, iyo qorshaha lagu baxsanayo hadii xaalad ka timaado safmarkan.
They also outline controls necessary to address those risks, and contingency plans for situations that may arise as a result of outbreaks.
Qorshayaasha u diyaar garawga iyo jawaabta xanuunada caabuqa waxa dhici karta inay ka waajibaan ama ay badalaan talooyinka.
Infectious disease preparedness and response plans may be subject to national or subnational recommendations.
Jawaabta wax ku oolka ah ee faafitaanka xanuunka waxaa kamid ah yaraynta isku gudbitna ee shaqaalaha, ilaalinta dadka ku jira khatarta ugu badan ee inuu saamayn caafimaad daro xun ku yeesho, in la wado shaqada ganacsi, iyo in la yareeyo saaayta xun ee shirkada kale ee wax laga iibsado.
Objectives for response to an outbreak include reducing transmission among staff, protecting people who are at higher risk for adverse health complications, maintaining business operations, and minimizing adverse effects on other entities in their supply chains.
Adkaanshaha xanuunka ee bulshada uu ganacsigu uu ku yaalo waxa uu saamaynayaa jawaabta la qaadayo.
The disease severity in the community where the business is located affects the responses taken.
Sida ay u kala sareeyaan xakamaynta waxyeelada waxa nidaam shaqo u tahay isticmaalka balaadhan ee amaanka iyo caafimaadka shaqada ee xakamaynta khatarta kooxeed si wax ku ool ah.
The hierarchy of hazard controls is a framework widely used in occupational safety and health to group hazard controls by effectiveness.
Halka aan la xadidi karin waxyeelada COVID-19, qaabka ugu wax oolsan ee loo xakamayn karaa waa in la sameeyo xakamayn, uu daba socdo xakamaynta maamulka, iyo ugu danbayntii agabka ilaalada shakhsi ahaaneed.
Where COVID-19 hazards cannot be eliminated, the most effective controls are engineering controls, followed by administrative controls, and lastly personal protective equipment.
Samaynta xakamaynta waxaa kamid ah in shaqaalaha laga xidho khatarta waxyeelo ee shaqada iyada oo aan la isku halaynaynin habdhaqanka shaqaalaha, waxaana uu noqon karaa qaabka ugu kharashka yar ee xal ah ee la dhaqan gelin karo.
Engineering controls involve isolating employees from work-related hazards without relying on worker behavior, and can be the most cost-effective solution to implement.
Xakamaynta maamulku waxaa weeye is badal nidaamka ama xeerka ah kaas oo uga baahan shaqalaaha ama cida loo shaqeeyo inay talaabo qaado.
Administrative controls are changes in work policy or procedures that require action by the worker or employer.
Agabka ilaalinta shakhsi ahaaneed (PPE) waxaa loo arkaa inay ka waxtar yar yihiin samaynta iyo dhaqan gelinta xakamaynta, laakiin waxay kahortagi karaan caabuqyada qaar.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) is considered less effective than engineering and administrative controls, but can help prevent some exposures.
Nooc kasta oo PPE ah waa in lagu doortaa khatarta shaqaalaha, inay si wanaagsan ugu galaan oo ay munaasab yihiin (sida, neefsiga), in si joogto ah oo munaasab ah loo xidho, si joogto ah loo baadho, hagaajiyo, oo loo badalo, oo si haboon la iskaga saaro, nadiifiyo, oo loo kaydiyo ama tuuro si markaa looga hortago in caabuq ay keenaan.
All types of PPE must be selected based upon the hazard to the worker, properly fitted as applicable (e.g., respirators), consistently and properly worn, regularly inspected, maintained, and replaced, as necessary, and properly removed, cleaned, and stored or disposed of to avoid contamination.
Sida ay dhigayaan Maamulka Caafimaadka iyo Badbaadada Shaqada Maraykanka (OSHA), shaqooyinka khatarta yar waxay ay yihiin isasoo gaadh dadka oo yar iyo dadka wada shaqaynayaayi.
According to the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), lower exposure risk jobs have minimal occupational contact with the public and other coworkers.
Talaabooyinka kahortaga xanuunka ee aas aasiga ah ee lagula taliyo dhamaan goobaha shaqada waxaa kamid ah in si joogto ah oo wanaagsan loo maydho gacmaha, in shaqaalaha lagu dhiiri geliyo inay joogaan guriga hadii ay xanuunsanayaan, qabaan xanuun neefsiga ah oo ay ku jirto inay afka iyo sanka qabsadaan hadii ay qufacaan oo ay hindhisaan, in la siiyo kilinigis iyo salada qashinka, loo diyaariyo inay meel kale kasoo shaqayn karaan ama in shaqada la isku habeeyo wakhtiyada lasoo galayo hadii loo baahdo, in laga wacyi shaqaalaha inay wada isticmaalaan agab iyo qalab, iyoinay si joogto ah u nadiifiyaan iyo jeermiska uga dilaan goobta shaqada.
Basic infection prevention measures recommended for all workplaces include frequent and thorough hand washing, encouraging workers to stay home if they are sick, respiratory etiquette including covering coughs and sneezes, providing tissues and trash receptacles, preparing for telecommuting or staggered shifts if needed, discouraging workers from using others' tools and equipment, and maintaining routine cleaning and disinfecting of the work environment.
In markaba la soo saaro oo meel lay aysoleet gareeyo shakhsiga laga yaabo inuu keeno caabuq taas oo ah talaabo muhiim ah oo markaa lagu ilaalinayo shaqaalaha, macaamiisha, booqdayaasha, iyo dadka kale ee goobta shaqada jooga.
Prompt identification and isolation of potentially infectious individuals is a critical step in protecting workers, customers, visitors, and others at a worksite.
Xarunta Kahortaga iyo Xakamaynta Xanuunada Maraykanka (CDC) waxay ku talinaysaa in shaqaalaha qaba calaamada xanuunka daran ee neefsiga inay joogaan gurigooda ilaa inta ay ka baaba'ayso xumadu, raadka xumadu, iyo calaamado kale ugu yaraan 24 saacadood iyaga oo aan isticmaalin dawooyinka yareeya ama wax ka badala xumaha, iyo inay leeyihiin xeer fasaxa xanuunka oo dabacsan, kaas oo u ogolaanaya shaqaalaha inay joogaan gurigooda oo ay daryeelaan cidii xubinta qoyska ah ee xanuunsanaysa, iyo in shaqaalaha ay ka warqabaan xeerarkan.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that employees who have symptoms of acute respiratory illness are to stay home until they are free of fever, signs of a fever, and any other symptoms for at least 24 hours without the use of fever-reducing or other symptom-altering medicines, and that sick leave policies are flexible, permit employees to stay home to care for a sick family member, and that employees are aware of these policies.
Sida ay dhigayso OSHA, shaqooyinka leh khatarta yar waxaa kamid ah kuwa dadku si joogto ah isasu gaadhaan ama macaamilka la isku jirsanayo wax ka yar lix fuudh (1.8 m) dadka aan la garanaynin ama looga shakiyo inay yihiin bukaan COVID-19, laakiin ay dhici karto inay qabaan SARS-CoV-2 maadaama oo uu yahay xanuun ku faafa oo ka jira aaga ganacsigu ku yaalo, maadaama oo shakhsi u socdaalay meel kale oo kamid ah meelaha looga shakiyay COVID-19 baahintiisa.
According to OSHA, medium exposure risk jobs include those that require frequent or close contact within six feet (1.8 m) of people who are not known or suspected COVID-19 patients, but may be infected with SARS-CoV-2 due to ongoing community transmission around the business location, or because the individual has recent international travel to a location with widespread COVID-19 transmission.
Kuwas waxaa kamid ah shaqaalaha tagay meelaha shacabka sida dugsiyada, meelaha shaqada ee aadka u saxmada badan, iyo meelaha ay dadku ku badan yihiin ee tukaamada. Samaynta xakamayntu tan iyo kooxaha khatarta badan ku jira waxaa kamid ah in la sameeyo hawo nadiifiye tayo sareeya, la kordhiyo xadiga hawo nadiifinta, samayn wax u dhaxeeya sida caag la iska dhax arkayo oo qabta hindhisada, iyo lala sameeyo daaqad qofka gaadhigiisa isaga oo ku jira loogu adeego. Kamaynta maamulka ee tan iyo kooxda khatarta badan ku jirta waxaa kamid ah in lagu dhiiri geliyo shaqaalaha xanuunsanaya inay gurigooda joogaan, ay ku badalaan kulanka foolk-foolka ah maqal iyo muuqaal, in la habeeyo wakhtigan shaqada, in la joojiyo wixii socdaal ah ee aan daruuriga ah ee meelaha uu ka jiro COVID-19, in la sameeyo qorshe xidhiidh xaalada degdeg ah oo ay ku jirto in laga wada hadlo shaqaalaha walaacaalooda, in la siiyo shaqaalaha macluumaadkii ugu danbeeyay iyo in lagu tabo baro xaaladaha khatarta COVID-19 iyo habdhaqanka ilaalinta, lagu tobobaro shaqaalaha cida ay tahay inay isticmaasho dharka ilaalada iyo qalabka sida loo isticmaalo, in la siiyo khayraad iyo deegaan shqo oo markaa horseedaysa nadaafada shakhsi ahaaneed, in lagu khasbo gacmo maydhiga joogtada ah, xadidaada macaamiisha iyo dadka soo gali kara goobta shaqada, iyo in lasoo dhigo calaamado gacmo nadiifin ah iyo talaabooyinka lagaga hortago COVID-19. Taas oo ku xidhan shaqada, shaqaalaha ay yartahay inuu soo gaadho waxaa dhigi kara inay u baahan karaan inay xidhaan agabka ilaalinsha shakhsi ahaaneed oo ay ku jiraan isku darta golofis, dirayska, waji gashad, ama wajiga inay xidhaan, ama muraadayo.
These include workers who have contact with the general public such as in schools, high-population-density work environments, and some high-volume retail settings.Engineering controls for this and higher risk groups include installing high-efficiency air filters, increasing ventilation rates, installing physical barriers such as clear plastic sneeze guards, and installing a drive-through window for customer service.Administrative controls for this and higher risk groups include encouraging sick workers to stay at home, replacing face-to-face meetings with virtual communications, establishing staggered shifts, discontinuing nonessential travel to locations with ongoing COVID-19 outbreaks, developing emergency communications plans including a forum for answering workers’ concerns, providing workers with up-to-date education and training on COVID-19 risk factors and protective behaviors, training workers who need to use protecting clothing and equipment how to use it, providing resources and a work environment that promotes personal hygiene, requiring regular hand washing, limiting customers' and the public's access to the worksite, and posting signage about hand washing and other COVID-19 protective measures.Depending on the work task, workers with at least medium exposure risk may need to wear personal protective equipment including some combination of gloves, a gown, a face shield or face mask, or goggles.
Shaqaalaha ku jira kooxdan khatarta kujirta badanaa ma isticmaalaan neefsiga.
Workers in this risk group rarely require use of respirators.
Hadii uu qofku xanuunsado isaga oo diyaarad saaran, qaabka saxda ah ee xakamaynta ee shaqaalaha iyo dadka kale ee rakaabka ah loo ilalain karo waxaa kamid ah in qofka dadka kale laga dhax saaro oo markaa loo jirsiiso 6 fuudh, in hal qof lagu qoro qofka aadka u xanuunsaday, iyo in lasiiyo waji gashad qofka xanuunsanaya ama laga dalbado qofka xanuunsayaa inuu afka iyo sanka xidho oo uu saarto kilinikis marka uu qufacayo ama hindhisayo.
If a person becomes sick on an airplane, proper controls to protect workers and other passengers include separating the sick person from others by a distance of 6 feet, designating one crew member to serve the sick person, and offering a face mask to the sick person or asking the sick person to cover their mouth and nose with tissues when coughing or sneezing.
Shaqaalaha diyaaradu waxa ay xidhanayaan golofiska caafimaadka ee marka kaliya la isticmaalo marka ay u adeegayaan qof xanuunsanaya oo rakaab ah ama ay dheecaadn taabanayaan ama meelo ay dhici karto inuu jeermisku ku fadhiyo, iyo agab ilaalo shakhsi ahaaneed oo dheeraad ah hadii qofka xanuunsaya ee rakaabka ahi uu qabo xumad, si joogto ah u qudacayo, ama uu neefsigu ku adkaado.
Cabin crew should wear disposable medical gloves when tending to a sick traveler or touching body fluids or potentially contaminated surfaces, and possibly additional personal protective equipment if the sick traveler has fever, persistent cough, or difficulty breathing.
Golofiska iyo shayada kale ee marka kaliya la isticmaal waa in lagu ridaa bacda qashinka kiimikada, oo meelaha la taataabtay ee wasakhda ahna waa in la nadiifiyaa oo jeermiska laga dilaa. Wixii maraakiibka ganacsi ah, oo ay ku jiraan maraakiibta dalxiiska iyo maraakiibta kale ee rakaanka, waxyaabaha lagaga hortagi karo khatarta waxaa kamid ah in dib loo dhigo socdaalka qofka xanuunsayo, in qofku uu meel isku xidho, iyo in loo fidiyo qofka daryeel caafimaad markaba hadii uu qofku leeyahay xumad ama xanuuno kale inta uu saaran yahay.
Gloves and other disposable items should be disposed of in a biohazard bag, and contaminated surfaces should be cleaned and disinfected afterwards.For commercial shipping, including cruise ships and other passenger vessels, hazard controls include postponing travel when sick, and self-isolating and informing the onboard medical center immediately if one develops a fever or other symptoms while on board.
Caadiyan, waa in caafimaad ahaan lala socdaa qofka qolkiisa ku shax xidhan. Dugsiyada iyo xarumaha daryeelka caruurta, CDC waxay ku talinaynaa in mudo yar la xidho si loo nadiifiyo ama jeermiska looga dilo hadii qof qaba caabuqu uu yimid dugsiga iyada oo aan la eegeynin inuu gaadhsiiyay bulshada iyo in kale.
Ideally, medical follow-up should occur in the isolated person's cabin.For schools and childcare facilities, CDC recommends short-term closure to clean or disinfect if an infected person has been in a school building regardless of community spread.
Marka uu jiro caabuq dhexe ama daran oo bulshada ah, khidada kala fogaanshaha dadka ayaa la dhaqan gelinayaa sida in la joojiyo safarada waxbarasho, isku imaatinada, iyo inay si kale dad badan iskugu yimaadaan sida waxbarashada la wada joogo ama fasalada farshaxanka ama cuntooyinka maqaaxida, in la kordhiyo masaafada u dhaxaysa miisaska, in la isku habeeyo wakhtiga imaatinka iyo wakhtiga la baxayo, xadidaada booqashooyinka aan loo baahnayn, iyo isticmaalka xafiis gaar ah oo caafimaad oo meel kale ku yaal wixii caruur ah ee lah calaamado sida hargabka oo kale ah.
When there is minimal to moderate community transmission, social distancing strategies can be implemented such as canceling field trips, assemblies, and other large gatherings such as physical education or choir classes or meals in a cafeteria, increasing the space between desks, staggering arrival and dismissal times, limiting nonessential visitors, and using a separate health office location for children with flu-like symptoms.
Marka uu jiro caabuq aad u baahdan oo bulshada deegaanka ah, marka laga tago khidada kala fogaanshaha dadka, inla balaadhiyo xidhitaanka dugsiga ayaa la isla eegayaa. Ciidamada bilayska ee qabanada shaqada maalintii, waxa ay CDC u aragtaa in khatartooda caafimaadku uu yar yahay.
When there is substantial transmission in the local community, in addition to social distancing strategies, extended school dismissals may be considered.For law enforcement personnel performing daily routine activities, the immediate health risk is considered low by CDC.
Saraakiisha bilayska ee ay isasoo gaadhaan dadka lagu xaqiijiyay ama looga shakiyay inay qabaan COVID-19 waxaa lagula talinayaa inay raacaan isla tilmaamahaas ay raacayaan farsamo yaqaanada caafimaadka degdega ah, oo ay ku jiraan agabka ilaalinta shakhsi aahaneed.
Law enforcement officials who must make contact with individuals confirmed or suspected to have COVID-19 are recommended to follow the same guidelines as emergency medical technicians, including proper personal protective equipment.
Hadii ay isasoo gaadhaan marka uu qabanayo qofka, shaqaaluhu waa inuu nadiifiyaa oo uu jeermiska ka dilaa suunkooda shaqada iyo agabka kahor inta aanu dib ugu isticmaalay iyada oo adeegsanaya buufinta nadiifinta qoyska ama masaxaad, oo uu raaco nidaamka heerka shaqada ee caadiga ah ee wasakhda iyo tuurista PPE-ga la isticmaalay ee ay ku jiraan dharka wasakhda ah maydhistooda.
If close contact occurs during apprehension, workers should clean and disinfect their duty belt and gear prior to reuse using a household cleaning spray or wipe, and follow standard operating procedures for the containment and disposal of used PPE and for containing and laundering clothes.
OSHA waxa ay u aragtaa in daryeelka caafimaadka qaar iyo dhimashada shaqalaaha inay aad u badan tahay ama ay tahay heerka khatarta sare ee qaadida.
OSHA considers certain healthcare and mortuary workers to be at high or very high categories of exposure risk.
Shaqooyinka khatartooda in laga qaado ay sareyso waxaa kamid ah bixinta daryeelka caafimaadka, taageerada, shaybaadhka, iyo shaqaalaha gaadiidka caafimaadka kuwaas oo uu asiibay ama looga shakiyay inay qabaan COVID-19.
High exposure risk jobs include healthcare delivery, support, laboratory, and medical transport workers who are exposed to known or suspected COVID-19 patients.
Tani waxa ay noqotaa khatar badan hadii shaqaalaha qabana shaqada, ama ka shaqaynaya qaadida ama baadhita muunada, wixii looga shakiyo ama lagu og yahay ee ah bukaanka COVID-19.
These become very high exposure risk if workers perform aerosol-generating procedures on, or collect or handle specimens from, known or suspected COVID-19 patients.
Nidaamka shaqada ee guud waxaa kamid ah, sifada, qaabak uu u qufacayo, bronchoscopies, daawaynta daryeelka ilkaha qaar iyo shaybaadhka, ama muunada adag qaadideeda.
Aerosol-generating procedures include intubation, cough induction procedures, bronchoscopies, some dental procedures and exams, or invasive specimen collection.
Shaqooyinka khatarta badan ee dhimashada ah waxa kamid ah shaqaalaha ka shaqeeya diyaarinta maydhka dadka la og yahay ama looga shakiyo COVID-19 wakhtigan ay dhimanayaan; kuwan ayaa leh khatar aad u badan hadii ay qaliin ku samaynayaan maydka. Xakamaynta farsamo ee dheeraadka ah ee kooxda khatarta ku jirta waxaa kamid ah qolka lagu soo xidho bukaanka la og yahay inuu qabo ama looga shakiyo COVID-19, oo ay ku jiraan shaqada guud ee markaa loo qabtay.
High exposure risk mortuary jobs include workers involved in preparing the bodies of people who had known or suspected cases of COVID-19 at the time of their death; these become very high exposure risk if they perform an autopsy.Additional engineering controls for these risk groups include isolation rooms for patients with known or suspected COVID-19, including when aerosol-generating procedures are performed.
Cadaadiska gaarka ah ee negetifka ah ee gaarka ah waxaa loo samayn karaa habdhismeedyada daryeelka caafimaadka iyo meelaha lagu aaso dadka.
Specialized negative pressure ventilation may be appropriate in some healthcare and mortuary settings.
Muunada waa in lagaga sheeqeeyaa tacadirka Biosafety Heerka 3 aad ah.
Specimens should be handled with Biosafety Level 3 precautions.
Hay'ada Caafimaadka Adduunka (WHO) waxay ku talinaysaa i bukaanka lasoo dhigayo in loo saaro meel gaar ah oo lagu sugo taas oo ku xidhan hadii looga shakisan yahay COVID-19. Sidoo kale PPE-ga kale, OSHA waxay ku talinaysaa in neefsiga dadka ka shaqaynaya meel u jirta 6 fuush bukaanka la og yahay, ama looga shakiyo inuu qabo, ama qaaday SARS-CoV-2, iyo dadka u samaynaya daawaynta guud.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that incoming patients be separated into distinct waiting areas depending on whether they are a suspected COVID-19 case.In addition to other PPE, OSHA recommends respirators for those who work within 6 feet of patients known to be, or suspected of being, infected with SARS-CoV-2, and those performing aerosol-generating procedures.
Maraykanka, NIOSH N95-ka ay ansixisay ee waji gashadka filterka leh ee neefsiga ah ama waa n loo isticmaalaa si wanaagsan, neefsiga qoraalka ah ee barnaamijka ilaalada oo ay ku jiraan tijaabinta inuu ku xidhmay, tobobar, iyo shaybaadhka caafimaad.
In the United States, NIOSH-approved N95 filtering facepiece respirators or better must be used in the context of a comprehensive, written respiratory protection program that includes fit-testing, training, and medical exams.
Noocyada kale ee neefsiga waxa ay bixin karaan ilaalo wayn iyo hormar raaxada shaqaalaha ah. WHO kuma taliso in wajiga oo dhan la duubo, maadaama oo COVID-19 uu yahay xanuun neefsi oo aanu ku gudbin dheecaanka jidhka.
Other types of respirators can provide greater protection and improve worker comfort.The WHO does not recommend coveralls, as COVID-19 is a respiratory disease rather than being transmitted through bodily fluids.
WHO waxay kaliya ku talisaa in la xidho waji gashadka qaliinka shaqaalaha jooga meesha laga galayo shaybaadhka.
WHO recommends only a surgical mask for point-of-entry screening personnel.
Dadka qaadaya muunada neefsiga, daryeelaya, ama qaadaya bukaanka COVID-19 iyad aoo aanay jirin daawayn guud, WHO waxay ku talisaa in xidhaan waji gashadka qaliinka, golofis, ama wajiga duubtaan, dirays iyo golifis xidhaan.
For those who are collecting respiratory specimens from, caring for, or transporting COVID-19 patients without any aerosol-generating procedures, WHO recommends a surgical mask, goggles, or face shield, gown, and gloves.
Hadii la samaynayo daawayn keeni karta caabuq, waji gashadka qaliinka ayaa lagu badlaayaa N95 ama FFP2 waji gashadka ah.
If an aerosol-generating procedure is performed, the surgical mask is replaced with an N95 or FFP2 respirator.
Maadaama oo helitaanka PPE uu yar yahay calaamka, WHO waxay ku talinaysaa in la yareeyo baahida loo qabo PPE taas oo ah in maqal iyo muuqaal dadka lagu daweeyo, wax loo dhaxaysiiyo sida daaqad nadiif ah, taas oo u sahlaysa dhamaan dadka ku lug leh daryeelka tooska ah ee gelitaanka qolka uu ku jiro bukaanka COVID-19, in la isticmaali kaliya PPE daruuriga ah shaqooyinka gaar, in lasii wado isticmaalka isla waji gashadkaas iyada oo aan la iska saarin inta dhawrka bukaan loo adeegayo oo isku xanuun qaba, in lala socdo oo la isku duba rido iibka PPE, iyo in dadka laga wacyi geliyo inay isticmaalaan waji gashadka dadka xanuunsanaya.
Given that the global supply of PPE is insufficient, WHO recommends minimizing the need for PPE through telemedicine, physical barriers such as clear windows, allowing only those involved in direct care to enter a room with a COVID-19 patient, using only the PPE necessary for the specific task, continuing use of the same respirator without removing it while caring for multiple patients with the same diagnosis, monitoring and coordinating the PPE supply chain, and discouraging the use of masks for asymptomatic individuals.
HALKA Maarso 4, 2020, waxaan bayaaiyay Xaaada Degdeg ah ee ka jirta California taas oo uu keeney khatarta COVID-19;
WHEREAS on March 4, 2020, I proclaimed a State of Emergency to exist in California as a result of the threat of COVID-19;
iyo HALKA mudo yar oo kooban COVID-19 aad ayuu ugu faafay California, taas oo looga baahan yahay in la cusboonaysiiyo iyo tilmaamo dheeraad ah oo la iskaga ilaaliyo oo laga heley saraakiisha caafimaadka shacabka federalka, gobolka, iyo deegaanka;