atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
Japan's National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM) is planning a clinical trial for Teijin's Alvesco (ciclesonide), an inhaled corticosteroid for asthma, for the treatment of pre-symptomatic patients infected with the novel coronavirus.
Giddu-galli Fayyaa Addunyaa fi Qorichaa Biyyaalessaa Jaappaan (NCGM) n wallaansa dhukkubsattoota noovel Koronaavaayiresii mallattoo agarsiisuu utuu hin jalqabaniif akka ooluuf wallaansa yaalii Teeyijensi Alveeskoo (saayikilsoonaayidii), kortikostirooyidii asitmaaf olfudhatamee karoorsaa jira.
A form of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, a Phase II trial is underway with 200 patients to be recruited from severe, hospitalized cases in Denmark, Germany, and Austria to determine the effectiveness of the treatment.
Deenmaark, Jaarman fi Awustiraaliyaa keessatti gosti anjiyootensin konvartiing inzaayimii-2, qorrannoo sadarkaa II dhukubsattoota 200 hospitaala jiranii fi baay’ee itti hammaate keessaa filaman irratti hojjetamaa jira.
Researchers from the Montreal Heart Institute in Canada are currently studying the role of colchicine in reducing inflammation and pulmonary complications in patients suffering from mild symptoms of COVID-19.
Qorattoonni Inistitiyuutii Onnee Montiriyaalii Kaanaadaa gahee koolchiisiiniin gubaa dhaqnaa fi mallattoolee dhukkubbii sombaa dhukkubsattoota mallattoolee COVID-19 giddu-galeessaan dhiphatanii hir’isuu keessatti qaburratti yeroo ammaa qorannaarra jiru.
The study, named COLCORONA, is recruiting 6000 adults aged 40 and over who were diagnosed with COVID-19 and experience mild symptoms not requiring hospitalization.
Qorannoon COLCORONA jedhamee moggaafame namoota umuriin isaanii 40 fi isaa ol ta’e COVID-19 kan keessatti argamee mallattoo sasalphaa argisiisaniif hospitaala ciisuun akka hin barbaachifne dargagoota 6000 qacara jira.
Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding or who do not have an effective contraceptive method are not eligible.
Dubartoonni ulfa ta’an yookaan hoosisan yookaan kanneen mala ittiin ulfummaa ittisan bu’a qabeessa ta’e hin qabne ulaagaa hin guutan.
Several anticoagulants are being tested in Italy.
Farroonni kantaruu dhiigaa hamma tokko baay’ee ta’an Xaaliyaan keessatti qorannoorra jiru.
Low-molecular-weight heparin is being widely used to treat patients, prompting the Italian Medicines Agency to publish guidelines on its use.
Hepaariiniin ulfaatina-molaakiyuulawaa-xinnaa dhukkubsattoota yaaluuf ballinaan faayidaarra oolaa jiru, Ejensiin Qorichootaa Xaaliyaanii itti fayyadamasaa irratti qajeelcha akka maxxansuuf dirqisiisaa jira.
A multicenter study on 300 patients researching the use of enoxaparin sodium at prophylaxis and therapeutic dosages was announced in Italy on April 14.
Qorannoon bakka garaagaraatti dhukkubsattoota 300 irratti fayyadama inogzaapaariin soodiyemii piroofaayilaagzisii irrattii fi doozii wallaansaa irratti qoratamu Xaaliyaanii keessatti Eebla gaafa 14 ibsame.
Since SARS-CoV-2 is a virus, considerable scientific attention has been focused on repurposing approved anti-viral drugs that were developed for prior outbreaks such as MERS, SARS, and West Nile virus.
Erga SARS-CoV-2 ‘uun vaayrasii ta’ee, xiyyeeffannoon saayinsawaa tilmaama keessa galu dawwaa farra vaayrasii kanan dura mu’aatef oomishame mirkaana’e kan akka MERS, SARS, akkasumas vaayrasii Naayil Dhiha irraa deebisanii itti faayyadamuu irratti fuulleeffachaa jiru.
Ribavirin: ribavirin was recommended for COVID-19 treatment according to Chinese 7th edition guidelines
Ribavirin: akka qajeelfama Chaayinootaa jildii 7ffaatti ribavirin wal’aansa COVID-19’f eeramee ture.
Umifenovir: umifenovir was recommended for COVID-19 treatment according to Chinese 7th edition guidelines
Uumifenoovir: akka qajeelfama Chaayinaa maxxansa 7ffaatti uumifenovirin wal’aansa COVID-19 tiif eeramera
Some antibiotics that have been identified as potentially repurposable as COVID-19 treatments:
Antiibaayootikoota muraasa kan akka wal’aansota COVID-19 tti humna guutuun kaayyoo haaraaf jijjiramuu danda’aniitti adda baafaman:
Tocilizumab (Anti-IL-6 receptor): Approved by China.
Toshiliizumaab (fudhatoo Farra-IL-6): Chaayinaadhaan kan mirkanaa’e.
Also trials in Italy and China. and see Tocilizumab#COVID-19.
Akkasumas yaaliiwwan Xaaliyaaniifi Chaayinaa keessatti. Akkasumas Tocilizumab#COVID-19 ilaalaa.
It is unclear yet whether conditions arising during pregnancy including diabetes, cardiac failure, hypercoagulability or hypertension might represent additional risk factors for pregnant people as they do for nonpregnant people.From the limited data available, vertical transmission during the third trimester probably does not occur, or only occurs very rarely.
Yeroo ulfummaa dhibee sukkaaraa, hojii isaa sirriitti hojjechuu dhaabuu onnee, hammaa ol kantaruu dhiigaa yookaan dhiibbaa dhiigaa dabalatee haalonni mul’atan dhiibbaawwan balaa dabalataa akkuma namoota ulfa hin taaneef bakka bu’an namoota ulfaaf bakka bu’uu maluun ammallee ifa miti. Deetaa murtaa’e argamu irraa, yeroo ji’oota gara dhumaa sadanitti daddarbuun dhukkubaa haadha irraa gara mucaatti tarii hin uumamu, yookaan baay’ee darbee darbee uumama.
There is no data yet on early pregnancy.
Ulfa ta’uun duraaf ammayyuu deetaan hin jiru.
Little evidence exists to permit any solid conclusions about the nature of COVID-19 infection in pregnancy.
Waayee uumama dhibee COVID-19 wayita ulfaa irratti gudunfaa qabatamaarra akka gahamu hayyamuuf ragaa baayyee muraasatu jira.
A case series of 43 women from New York who tested positive for COVID-19 showed similar patterns to non-pregnant adults: 86% had mild disease, 9.3% had severe disease and 4.7% developed critical disease.
Dhimmi koronaa ulfaataan dubartoota 43 Niwyoork irratti COVID-19’n qabaman dubartoota ulfa hin taaneen haala walfakkaatu agrasiisa:86% dhukkubbii giddu galeessa, 9.3% dhukkubbii hamaa fi 4.7 dhukkubbii ulfaataa keessa jiru.
Fetal distress was reported in two.
Ukkaamamuun daa’imaa lama keessatti ture kan gabaafame.
None of the women developed severe COVID-19 pneumonia or died.
Dubartoota keessa tokkollee niimooniyaa COVID-19 hamaa hin godhanne ykn hin duune.
All of them had live birth pregnancies and no severe neonatal asphyxia was observed.
Hundumti isaanii daa’ima fayyaa da’an akkasumas ukkaamamuun daa’imaa cimaan hin argamne.
The samples of breast milk, amniotic fluid, cord blood and neonatal throat swab were tested for SARS-CoV-2, and all results were negative.In another study on 15 pregnant women, majority of the patients presented with fever and cough, while laboratory tests yielded lymphocytopenia in 12 patients.
Eddattoowwan aannan harmaa, bishaan gubbee, dhiiga hidda handhuuraa fi qoonqoo ijoollee keessaa eeddattoo waan akka jirbiin fuudhamu SARS-CoV-2’f qoratamaniiru, akkasumas bu’aaleen hunduu negatiiviidha. Qu’annoo biraa dubartoota ulfaa 15 irratti godhameen, harki caalaan dhukkubsattootaa ho’ina qaamaa fi qufaa agarsiisani,qorannoowwan laaboraatoorii ammoo dhukkubsattoota 12 keessatti lymphocytopenia agarsiisan.
Computed tomography findings of these patients were consistent with previous reports of non-pregnant patients, consisting of ground-glass opacities at early stage.
Argamni Kompiyuuted Toomogiraafii dhukkunsattoota kanneeni gabaasa kanaan dura dhukkubsatoota ulfa hin taane waliin walfakkaata, sadarkaa dura irratti fuullee lafaa ifa hin dabarsiine of keessa qaba.
Follow-up images after delivery showed no progression of pneumonia.Media reports indicate that over 100 women with COVID-19 might have delivered, and in March 2020, no maternal deaths were reported.
Suuraaawwan da’uumsa booda guddinni nimooniyaa mul’achuu dhabuu isaa hordofi. Gabaasni miidiyaa dubartoonni 100 ol COVID-19 qaban da’anii jiraachu akka malan agarsiisa, akkasumas Bitootessa 2020, duuti haadhooli ronahoomtu hin gabaafamne.
Their guidelines thus advise that any pregnant person admitted to hospital with a COVID-19 infection should receive at least 10 days of prophylactic low-molecular-weight heparin after being discharged from the hospital.
Qajeelfamni isaanii kanaaf kan gorsu dubarri ulfi COVID-19’n hubamuun hospitaala ciiste kamiyyuu prophylactic hanga molakiyuulaa gadi aanaa guyyaa 10’f fudhachuu qabdi heparin’n(kan kantaruu dhiigaa dhowwu) ammoo erga hospitaalichaa baatee booda.
There are no data yet concerning the implications of COVID-19 infections for labour.
Amma kanaan duraatti dhiibbaa COVID-19 ciniinsuu irraan ga’u daataan agarsiisu hin jiru.
One infant girl born to a mother with COVID-19 had elevated IgM levels two hours after birth, suggesting that she had been infected in utero and supporting the possibility of vertical transmission in some cases.
Daa’imni durbaa haadha COVID-19 qabdurraa dhalatte tokko, gadameessa keessatti hubamuushee bifa mullisuun fi haalota murtaa’an keessatti haadharraa gara daa’imaatti carraan darbuu akka jiru bifa deeggaruun, dhalattee saatii lama booda gulaantaalee IgM darbitee turte.
A small study involving 6 confirmed COVID-19 mothers showed no indication of SARS-COV-19 in their newborns' throats or serum but antibodies were present in neonatal blood sera samples, including IgM in two of the infants.
Qorannoo xiqqoon haadhooliii 6 COVID-19 mirkaana’e hammaate qoonqoo yookiin hancuufa daa’imma isaanii reefu dhalatan irratti SARS-COV-19 hin agarsiisu garuu farri qaama alagaa saamuda dhiiga daa’imaa keessaa fudhatamen, IgM dabalatee daa’imman lama keessatti ni argama.
This is not usually passed from mother to fetus so further research is required to know whether the virus crossed the placenta or whether placentas of women in the study were damaged or abnormal.
Kana jechuun, haadha irraa gara daa’ima garaa keessa jiruutti darba jechuu miti. Vaayirasiin kun hidda handhuuraa keessa darba yookiin immoo hidda handuuraa hubame keessa darba kan jedhuuf qorannoo gadi fagoo barbaachisa.
Since COVID-19 shows similarities to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, it is likely that their effect on pregnancy are similar.
Sababa COVID-19 SARS-CoV fi MERS-CoV’n walfakkaatuun, miidhaan isaan ulfa irratti qabanis walfakkaachuu mala.
Four of seven had first trimester miscarriage, two of five had fetal growth restriction in the second trimester, and four of five had preterm birth.
Torba keessaa afur baasuu daa’ima ji’a sadii, shan keessaa lama ittisa guddina fiitesii turtii ulfaa lammataa keessatti, akkasumas, shan keessaa afur immoo dhalachuun dura qabu.
None of the newborns were infected with SARS-CoV.
Daa’imoonni haaraa dhalatan kamuu SARS-CoV’n hin hubamne.
A report of ten cases of MERS- CoV infection in pregnancy in Saudi Arabia showed that the clinical presentation is variable, from mild to severe infection.
Gabaasni dhimmoota MERS-Cov kudhan ulfa Saawud Arabiyaa keessa jiran keessaa, miidhaa giddu galeessaa hanga ciimatti ibsi kilinikaalaa akka jiru agarsise.
The outcome was favorable in a majority of the cases, but the infant death rate was 27%.A recent review suggested that COVID-19 appeared to be less lethal to mothers and infants than SARS and MERS but that there may be an increased risk of preterm birth after 28 weeks' gestation.
Bu'aan Namoota walumaagalatti dhukuba kanaan qabamanii gaarii ture, haata'u malee baay’inni daa'imman lubbuun isaanii darbe 27%. Akkuma qorannoon yeroo dhiyootti godhame agarsiisu dhibeen COVID-19 dhibeewwan SARS fi MERS irraa humni haadhoolii fi daa'imman ajjeesuu isaa gadi bu'aadha jedhama. Haata'u malee dhibee ulfa yeroo malee torbaan 28 booda sababa dhalatuuf ta'uu mala.
The World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the United States advises pregnant women to do the same things as the general public to avoid infection, such as covering cough, avoid interacting with sick people, cleaning hands with soap and water or sanitizer.
Dhaabbatni Fayyaa Addunyaa fi Giddu-galli To’annaa fi Ittisa Dhibee Yuunayitid Isteetsi dubartoonni ulfaas dhukkuba kanarraa ofeeguuf akkuma hawaasa maraa kanneen akka yeroo qufa’an haguuggachuu, namoota dhukkubsatan waliin tuttuqaa qabaachuu dhiisuu, harka saamunaa fi bishaaniin ykn saanitaayizeriin qulqulleeffachuu akka qaban gorsu.
A survey conducted in Shanghai among pregnant women in different trimesters of pregnancy identified a strong demand for online access to health information and services.
Qu’annaan dubartoota ulfaa ji’oota sadan yeroo garaagaraa gidduutti shaangaayi keessatti gaggeeffame fedhii cimaa argannoo odeeffannoo fayyaa fi tajaajiiloota sarara irraatiif adda baaseera.
People expecting their first baby were more willing to have online consultation and guidance than who had previously given birth.The RCOG and RCM recommend that in-person appointments be deferred by 7 days after the start of symptoms of COVID-19 or 14 days if another person in the household has symptoms.
Namoonni dhalachuu daa’ima isaanii jalqabaa eegaa turan namoota kana dura daa’ima godhatanii beekan irra tajaajila gorsaafi qajeelchaa sarara irraa argachuuf fedhaa turan. RCOG fi RCM beellamni qaamaa jalqabuu mallattoolee COVID-19 booda guyyoota 7’n gargar ta’uu akka qabu yookaan yoo namni biraan maatii keessaa mallattoolee qabu jira ta’e guyyoota 14’n ta’uu akka qabu eeru.
Fever subsequently developed in three asymptomatic patients.
Bowwoon dhukkubbii dhukkubsaatoota waliitti aanan sadii irratti ni mul’ata.
One patient who had tested negative subsequently became symptomatic postpartum and tested positive three days after the initial negative test.
Dhukkubsataan qoratamee negatiiva ta’e tokko boodarra gara mallattoo poostipaartamii agarsiisuu fiqorannoo dutraarraa guyyaa sadii boodammoo poosetiivii ta’e.
The doctors conducting the screening recommended that in order to reduce infection and allocate PPE, due to high numbers of patients presenting as asymptomatic, universal screening of pregnant patients should be conducted.
Dookteroonni sakatta’iinsa gochaa jiran hubamuu xinneessuu fi PPE qoqqooduuf,waan dhukkubsattootni lakkoofsaan baayyeen mallattoo agarsiisaa hin jirreef, sakatta’iinsi waliigalaa dhukkubsattoota ulfaaf godhamuu akka qabu gorsaniiru.
They also suggest that people with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 should have continuous electronic fetal monitoring.
Akkasumas isaan namoonni COVID-19 waliin shakkaman yookaan mirkanaa’an meeshaa humna elektirikiin hojjetuun sochiin daa’imaa garaa keessatti walitti fufiiinsaan akka to’atamuu qabu yaada dhiyeessu.
The use of birthing pools is not recommended for suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19 due to the risk of infection via faeces.
Itti fayyadamni oobbatii dhalootaa sababa boobbaa irratti rakkoo uumuf dhimmoota COVID-19 shakkameef yookiin mirkanaa’ef hin eeramu.
In the UK, official recommendations state that precautionary separation of a mother and a healthy baby should not be undertaken lightly and that they should be kept together in the postpartum period where neonatal care is not required.Literature from China recommended separation of infected mothers from babies for 14 days.
UK keessatti gorsi mootummaa of eeggannoodhaan haadhaa fi daa’ima fayyaalessa gargar baasuun salphaatti ilaalamuun kan hin qabnee fi iddoo kunuunsi addaa barbaachifnetti wayita da’umsaan booda walfaana tursiifamuun gaariidha. Barreeffamni Chaayinaarraa gargar ba’iinsa haadholii hubamoo fi daa’immanii guyyoota 14 f gorseera.
In the US there is also the recommendation that newborns and mothers should be temporarily separated until transmission-based precautions are discontinued, and that where this is not possible the newborn should be kept 2 metres away from the mother.
US keessa daa’imoonni reefuu dhalatanii fi haadholiin hamma daddarbiinsi dhibee addaan citutti adda ba’anii turuu akka qaban yaadi jedhus jira, kunimmoo daa’imman reefuu dhalatan meetira 2 haadharraa fagaachuu waan hin dandeenyeef ta’uu hin danda’u.
b'COVID-19 surveillance involves monitoring the spread of the coronavirus disease in order to establish the patterns of disease progression.
To’annan b’COVID-19 babal’ina dhukkuba vaayrasii koronaa to’achun paatarnii guddina vaayrasii hundeessuu of keessatti qabata.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends active surveillance, with focus of case finding, testing and contact tracing in all transmission scenarios.
Dhaabbanni Fayyaa Addunyaa (WHO) n hordoffii jala bu’iinsaanii dammaqaa, ta’iiwwan barbaaduu, sakatta’uu fi haalota daddarbiinsaa hundaan faana dha’umsa quunnamuu irratte xiyyeeffate ni gorsa.
COVID-19 surveillance is expected to monitor epidemiological trends, rapidly detect new cases, and based on this information, provide epidemiological information to conduct risk assessment and guide disease preparedness.
Xiyyeeffannaan to’chuun COVID-19 adeemsa qu’annoo saayinsii babal’inaafi to’annoo dhukkubaa akka to’atu eegama, saffisaan dhimmoota haaraa adda baasa, akkasumas odeeffannoo kana irratti hundaa’uun, odeeffannoo qu’annoo saayinsii babal’inaafi to’annoo dhukkubaa qorannoo balaa gaggeessuuf fi qophaa’ummaa dhukkubaa dhiyeessa.
Syndromic surveillance is done based on the symptoms of an individual that corresponds to COVID-19.
To’annaan mallatoolee mallattoowwan namoota dhuunfaa COVID- 19 ilaalatu irratti hundaa’un gaggeeffama.
As of March 2020, the WHO recommends the following case definitions:
Akka Bitootessa 2020 tti, WHO’n hiikawwan dhimma armaan gadii kana eera:
Probable case : "A suspect case for whom testing for the COVID-19 virus is inconclusive" OR "a suspect case for whom testing could not be performed for any reason".
Ta’ii mudachuu malu : “Ta’ii shakkii kan qorannaan COVID-19’saa gudunfamuu hin dandeenyee” YKN “ Ta’ii shakkii kan sababa kamiinillee qorannaan godhamuu hin dandeenyee.”
Confirmed case: "A person with laboratory confirmation of COVID-19 infection, irrespective of clinical signs and symptoms".
Dhimma mirkanaa’e: “Namni dhibee COVID-19 laboraatorii keessatti mirkanaa’e, mallattoolee kilinikaa fi dhukkubii osoo hin ta’in”.
Direct physical contact with a probable or confirmed case;
Tuqaatii qaamaa kallattin namoota shakkamanii fi dhukkubaan qabamuun isaanii beekame waliin;
Direct care for a patient with probable or confirmed COVID-19 disease without using proper personal protective equipment;
Utuum ittistuu dhbee ykn golgituuwwan qaamaa hin fayyadamiin eeggannoo kallattii dhukkubsataa COVID-19n shakkameefi qabamuunsaa mirkanaa’ee;
Other situations as indicated by local risk assessments".WHO recommends reporting of probable and confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection within 48 hours of identification.
Haalonni kan biraan akka tilmaammiiwwan balaa naannootiin agarsiifamaniitti”. WHO’n dhimmooti COVID-19’n hubamuu ta’uu danda’anii fi mirkanaa’an erga adda ba’anii sa’aatii 48 gidduutti akka gabaafaman eera.
The countries should report on a case-by-case basis as far as possible, but in case of limitation in resources, aggregate weekly reporting is also possible.
Biyyoonni hamma danda’ametti akkuma inni mul’atetti gabaasuutu irra jiraata, garuu hanqina meeshaaleetiin walitti qabaan kan torbee gabaasuunis in danda’ama.
Some organizations have created crowdsourced apps for syndromic surveillance, where people can report their symptoms to help researchers map areas with concentration of COVID-19 symptoms.
Namoonni karaa mallattoo isaanii himatanii fi qorattoonni baayy’ina mallattoo COVID-19 akka beekaniif kan gargaaru dhaabbattoonni hedduun appilikeeshinoota hedduu kalaqanii hojiirra oolchaniiru.
Virological surveillance is done by using molecular tests for COVID-19.
To’annoon vaayiroojikaalaa COVID-19’f qorannoowwan molakiyuulaa fayyadamuun hojjetama.
WHO has published resources for laboratories on how to perform testing for COVID-19.
WHO’n barruuwwan akkamitti qorannoon laboraatoorii COVID-19 akka taasifamuu maxxanseera.
In the European Union, laboratory confirmed cases of COVID-19 are reported within 24 hours of identification.
Gamtaa Awurooppaatti, ta’iileen COVID-19 laaboraatooriin mirkanaa’an erga adda ba’ee saatii 24 keessatti gabaafamu.
At least 24 countries have established digital surveillance of their citizens.
Yoo xinnaate biyyoonni 24 to’aannaa dijitaalaa lammiilee isaanitiif hundeessaniiru.
The digital surveillance technologies include apps, location data and electronic tags.
Teeknoolojiin to’annaa dijitaalaa, appiiwwan, daataa iddoo fi mallattoowwan elektiroonikii of keessatti qabata.
The Center For Disease Control and Prevention in USA tracks the travel information of individuals using airline passenger data.
Wiirtuun dhukkuba to’achuu fi ittisuu USA keessatti daataa waa’ee namootaa karaa qilleensa irraa adeemsisuun fayyadama.
In Hong Kong, authorities are requiring a bracelet and an app for all travellers.
Hoong Koong keessatti, angaawoonni imaltootaaf saldaaqaa fi fayyadama barbaadaa jiru.
A GPS app is used to track the locations of individuals in South Korea to ensure against quarantine breach, sending alerts to the user and to authorities if people leave designated areas.
Fayyadami GPS iddoowwan namootaa Kooriyaa Kibbaa keessatti faana dhahuuf seera qofaatti baafamuu diiguu isaanii mirkaneessuuf fayyadamamaa jira, yoo namoonni iddoowwan ramadaman gadhisan yaadachiiftuu fayyadamaattiifi angaawotatti erguun.
In Singapore, individuals have to report their locations with photographic proof.
Singaapoor keessatti, namoonni dhuunfaa iddoo isaanii mirkaneessa suuraan gabaasuu qabu.
Thailand is using an app and SIM cards for all travelers to enforce their quarantine.
Taayilaandi imaltoonni akka adda ofbaasan dirqamsiisuuf aappii fi kaardiiwwan SIM fayyadamaa jirti.
Human rights organizations have criticized some of these measures, asking the governments not to use the pandemic as a cover to introduce invasive digital surveillance.
Dhaabbanni mirga dhala namaa madaaltota kanneen muraasasaanii ceepha’eera, mootummaas akka weerara dhibee kanaa to’annoo kanaan ahkka hin da’anne gaafataa jira.
b'A COVID-19 vaccine is a hypothetical vaccine against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Talaalliin b’A COVID-19 talaallii yaadaa farra dhukkuba koronaavaayiresii 2019 (COVID-19) ti.
Although no vaccine has completed clinical trials, there are multiple attempts in progress to develop such a vaccine.
Talaalliin wallaansa yaaliiwwan kiliinikaalawaa xumure jiraachuu baatus, talaallii akkasii hojjechuuf tattaaffiiwwaan adeemsarra jiran hedduutu jira.
In late February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) said it did not expect a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus, to become available in less than 18 months.
Dhuma ji’a Guraandhalaa 2020, Dhaabbanni Fayyaa Addunyaa (WHO) n, talaallii farra vaayiresii kanaaf sababa ta’ee SARS-CoV-2 f ji’oota 18 gaditti akka argamu eegee akka hin turre dubbateera.
Five vaccine candidates were in Phase I safety studies in April.
Talaallin kaadhimaa shan sadarkaa I Ebla keessa qorannaa nageenyumma irra turan.
COVID-19 was identified in December 2019.
Waa'ee COVID-19 muddee 2019 keessatti ibsame.
A major outbreak spread around the world in 2020, leading to considerable investment and research activity to develop a vaccine.
2020 keessa akka addunyaatti jalqabbiin faffaca’insaa ijoo, talaallii dagaagsuuf gara investimentii ol’aanaa fi sochii qorannaatti geessa jira.
Many organizations are using published genomes to develop possible vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
Dhaabbileen hedduun talaalliiwwan farra SARS-CoV-2 ta’uu danda’an hojjechuuf kuusaa hidda sanyii maxxanfame fayyadamaa jiru.
Stated in April, imperatives of the CEPI initiative for vaccine development are speed, manufacturing capacity, deployment at scale, and global access.
Ebla keessa ibsame, dagaafamuu talaalliitiif wantoonni ariifachiisoon karoora haaraa rakkoo adda ta’eef karoorfame kan CEPI saffisa, dandeettii oomishaa, hamma guddaan dhiyeessuu, fi gahiinsa addunyaawaadha
In April, CEPI scientists reported that 10 different technology platforms were under research and development during early 2020 to create an effective vaccine against COVID-19.
Ebla keessa, saayintistoonni CEPI hujeffannoowwan teknolojii garaagaraa 10 yeroo gara jalqabaa 2020 tti talaallii bu’a qabeessa COVID-19 irratti uumuuf qorannoo fi dagaagfamuu jala jiraachuu gabaasan.
Major platform targets advanced into Phase I safety studies include:
Xiyyeeffannoowwan waltajjii guddaan gara qo’annoo nageenyaa Gulantaa I itti ol-guddatan kan hammatan:
nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) (Phase I developer and vaccine candidate: Moderna, mRNA-1273)
Niyukiliik Acidii (DNA fi RNA) (sadarkaa I qopheessaa fi kaadhimama talaallii: ammayyaa, mRNA-1273)
viral vector (Phase I developer and vaccine candidate: CanSino Biologics, adenovirus type 5 vector)
Baattoo vaayiresii (oomishaa marsaa I fi kaadhimamaa talaallii: Kaansiinoo Baayoloojiksi, baattoo adinoovaayiresii gosa 5)
As reported by CEPI scientists in April, 115 total vaccine candidates are in early stages of development, with 78 confirmed as active projects (79, according to the Milken Institute), and 37 others announced, but with little public information available (presumed to be in planning or being designed).
Eebla keessa saayintistoota CEPI tiin akka gabaafametti, waliigalaan talaalliiwwan kaadhimamoon 115 waqtii oomisha duraarra jiran, 78 akka piroojektii dammaqaatti kan fudhatam ( akka Inistiitiyuutii Miilkenitti,79), fi kan biroon 37 immoo kan beeksifaman ta’anii, garuu odeeffannoon hawaasaa baayyee xinnoon jiraachuun (karoorra ykn diizaayiniirra akka turuuf kan gidduutti dhaabbate).
A Phase I-II trial conducts preliminary safety and immunogenicity testing, is typically randomized, placebo-controlled, and at multiple sites, while determining more precise, effective doses.
Yaaliin sadarkaa I-II nageenyumaa fi qorannoo summaa’inaa irratti, keessattu walkeessa makuu, pilaasiboodhan kan to’atamee, fi iddoo garagaraatti, isa sirrii fi hammanta sirrii ta’e argachuuf gaggeefama.
Phase III trials typically involve more participants, including a control group, and test effectiveness of the vaccine to prevent the disease, while monitoring for adverse effects at the optimal dose.
Yaaliiwwaan marsaa III gosa gosaan, hirmaattota dabalataa, garee to’annoo, fi doozii sirrii irratti miidhaanni fiduu malu to’achaa, dandeetti talaallichi dhukkubicha ittisuuf qabu madaaluu dabalatee kan of keessatti hammatudha.
Of 79 vaccine candidates in active development (confirmed as of early April 2020), 74 were not yet in human evaluation (still in "preclinical" research).
Kadhimamtoota talaalli 79 oomishamaa jiran keesssaa (Ebla 2020 kana kan mirkanaa’an), 74 sadarkaa yaalii namaa irra hin geenye (hanga amma qorannoo “kilinikaala dura” keessa jiru).
Around 24 January 2020 in Australia, the University of Queensland announced that it is investigating the potential of a molecular clamp vaccine that would genetically modify viral proteins in order to stimulate an immune reaction.
Naannoo Amajjii 24 2020 Awustiraaliyaatti Yuuniversiitiin Kuwiinsilaandii deebii madiinummaa si’eessuuf hidda sanyii pirootiinota vaayiresii kan jijjiiru, dandeettii talaallii moolaakiwulaar kilaampii qorachaa akka jiru beeksisee ture.
Around 24 January 2020 in Canada, the International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac) at the University of Saskatchewan announced the commencement of work on a vaccine, aiming to start human testing in 2021.
Naannoo Amajjii 24, 2020 Kaanaadaa keessatti, Giddu-galli Talaallii Addunyaa (VIDO-InterVac) Yuunversiitii Saskatchewanitti hojii taalallii irratti guyyaa jalqabbii beeksise, qorannoo nama irratti bara 2021 jalqabuu irratti kan kaayyeffate.
Vaccine development projects were announced at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention on 26 January 2020, and the University of Hong Kong on 28 January.
Dagaaginni pirojektiiwwan talaalli giddu gala to’annaa fi ittisa dhukkubaa Chaayinaatti Amajjii 26,2020, akkasumas Yuunversiitii Hoong Koongiitti Amajjii 28 beeksifame.
Around 29 January 2020, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies, led by Hanneke Schuitemaker, announced that it had begun work on developing a vaccine.
Naannoo Amajjii 29, 2020, kubbaaniyyaan qorichaa Janssen, Hanneke Schuitemaker’n durfamuun, talaalli hojjechuu akka eegalan beeksise.
Janssen is co-developing an oral vaccine with its biotechnology partner, Vaxart.
Janssen talaallii afaaniin fudhatamu hiriyaa isaa baayoteknoolojii, Vaxart waliin dagaagsaa jiru.
On 18 March 2020, Emergent BioSolutions announced a manufacturing partnership with Vaxart to develop the vaccine.
Bitootessa 18, 2020, Baayosolution warshaleen hiriyyummaa Vaaksart waliin talaalli argachuuf akka oomishu beeksise.
On 8 February 2020, the laboratory OncoGen in Romania published a paper on the design of a vaccine with similar technology to the one used for cancer neoantigen vaccination therapy.
Guraandhala gaafa 8, 2020 irratti, laaboraatooriin Onkoojiinii Romaaniyaa diizaayinii talaallii, teknoloojii wallaansa talaallii kaanserii niyeentijiinii keessatti fayyadameen walfakkaatuu irratti waraqaa qorannoo maxxanseera.
On 25 March the head of the research institute announced that they had finalized the synthesis of the vaccine and were beginning the tests.
Bitootessa 25 duraa taa’an dhaabbata qorannicha qophii talaalli xumuranii akkkasumas yaalii eegaluu isaanii beeksisee ture.
On 27 February 2020, a Generex subsidiary company, NuGenerex Immuno-Oncology, announced they were beginning a vaccine project to create an Ii-Key peptide vaccine against COVID-19.
Gurraandhala 27, 2020tti, kaampaaniin hortee Generex, NuGenerex Immuno-Oncology, pirojektii talaallii talaallii Ii-Key peptide COVID-19 irratti uumuuf jalqabaa jiraachuu isaanii beeksisan.
They wanted to produce a vaccine candidate that could be tested in humans "within 90 days."
Talaallii kaadhimamaa “guyyoota 90 keessatti” namarratti yaalamuu danda’an hojjechuu barbaadani.
On 5 March 2020, Washington University in St. Louis announced its projects to develop a vaccine.
Bitootessa 5 2020 tti, Yunivarsiitiin Waashiingtan St. Louis keessaa talaallii dagaagsuuf pirojektoota isaa beeksiseera.
On 5 March 2020, the United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command at Fort Detrick and the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research in Silver Spring, both in western Maryland, announced they were working on a vaccine.
Bitootessa 5 bara 2020, qorattoonni dawaa fi ajajni meeshaalee loltoota United States Fort Detrick fi loltootni dhaabbata qorannoo meetii arfaasaa Walter Reed,Maryland lixaa lachuu keessatti, talaallii argachuu irratti hojjechaa akka jiran ibsan.
Around 10 March 2020, Emergent Biosolutions announced that it had teamed with Novavax Inc.
Naannoo Bitootessa 10, 2020 Faloonni lubbuu Attatamaa Novavax Inc waliin gurmaa’an beeksifaman.
in the development and manufacture of a vaccine.
dagaagfamaa fi oomisha talaallii keessatti.
The partners further announced plans for preclinical testing and a Phase I clinical trial by July 2020.
Maatiin dabalataan karoorawwan qorannoo kilinikaalaa duraa fi yaalii kilinikaala sadarkaa I adoolessa 2020 ni beeksisu.
On 12 March 2020, India's Health Ministry announced they are working with 11 isolates, and that even on a fast track it would take at least around one-and-a-half to two years to develop a vaccine.
Bitootessa gaafa 12, 2020 irratti Ministeerri Fayyaa Indiyaa gareewwan 11 kan hojjechaa jiranii fi talaallii hojjechuuf ariitiin yoo faana dha’ame yoo xinnaate waggaa-tokkoof-walakkaatii hamma waggoota lamaa akka fudhatu ibseera.
On 12 March 2020, Medicago, a biotechnology company in Quebec City, Quebec, reported development of a coronavirus-like particle under partial funding from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research.
Bitootessa 12 2020 tti, kaampaaniin baayooteknoolojii Magaalaa Quebec, Quebec, gargaarsa walakkaa Dhaabbatoota Kanaadaa Qorannoo Fayyaaf irraa argataniin dagaaguu vaayirasii koroonaa akka suudootti gabaasan.
The vaccine candidate is in laboratory research, with human testing planned for July or August 2020.
Kaadhimamaan talaallichaa qorannoo laaboraatoorii keessa jira, qorannoo ilma namaa Adoolessa yookaan Hagayya 2020 karoorfame wajjin.
Earlier that week, The Guardian reported that the US President Donald Trump had offered CureVac "'large sums of money' for exclusive access to a Covid-19 vaccine", against which the German government protested.
Jalqaba torban sanaatti, The Guardian Pireezidaantiin US Donaald Traamp CureVac’f "'qarshii ol’aanaa' argannoo talaallii Covid-19 addaatiif" akka dhiyeessan gabaasan, kan mootummaan Jarman irratti mormii kaase.
On 17 March 2020, American pharmaceutical company Pfizer announced a partnership with German company BioNTech to jointly develop a mRNA-based vaccine.
Bitootessa 17, 2020, kubbaaniyyaan Qorichaa Ameerikaa Pfizer kubbaaniyaa Jaarman BioNtech waliin ta’uun talaalli mRNA irratti hundaa’e akka hojjetan beeksisan.
mRNA-based vaccine candidate BNT162, currently in pre-clinical testing with clinical trials expected to begin in April 2020.
Talaalliin kaadhimamaa mRNA irratti hundaa’e BNT162, yeroo ammaa qorannoo kilinikaawaan duraa keessa jira yaaliiwwan kilinikaawaa Ebla 2020 tti akka eegalan abdii godhachuun.
In Italy on 17 March 2020, Takis Biotech, an Italian biotech company announced they will have pre-clinical testing results in April 2020 and their final vaccine candidate could begin human testing by fall.
Xaaliyaan keessatti Bitootessa 17, 2020, Taakis baayoteek, kubbaaniyyaan baayotek Xaaliyaa bu’aa qorannoo yaalii kilinikala duraa Ebla keessa akka argachu danda’an beeksisan akkasumas Ebla 2020 kadhimaan talaalli dhumaa nama irratti taasisuun jalqabu ni danda’a.
In France on 19 March 2020, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) announced a US$4.9 million investment in a COVID-19 vaccine research consortium involving the Institut Pasteur, Themis Bioscience (Vienna, Austria), and the University of Pittsburgh, bringing CEPI's total investment in COVID-19 vaccine development to US$29 million.
Faransaayi keessatti Bitootessa gaafa 19, 2020 Gamtaan Argannoowwan Qophaa’ina Weeraraa (CEPI) investimentii miiliyoona US$4.9 qorannoo talaallii COVID-19 kan kampaanota Instiitiyuut Paasterii, Teemis Baayoosaayinsii (Veenaa, Ostiiriyaa), fi Yuuniversiitii oof Piitirisbergii, waliin ta’uun investimentii waliigalaa hojii talaallii COVID-19 miiliyoona US$29 tti fideera.
CEPI's other investment partners for COVID-19 vaccine development are Moderna, Curevac, Inovio, Novavax, the University of Hong Kong, the University of Oxford, and the University of Queensland.
Shariikonni investimentii oomisha talaallii COVID-19 CEPI kan biroon Moodernaa, Kiyuurvaach, Aayinooviyoo, Noovaavaaksii, Yuuniversiitii oof Hoongi Koongi, Yuuniversiitii oof Ooksifoord fi Yuuniversiitii oof Kuwiinsilaandi dha.
On 20 March 2020, Russian health officials announced that scientists have begun animal testing of six different vaccine candidates.
Bitootessa 20, 2020 tti, qondaaltonni fayyaa Raashiyaa saayintistoonni qorannoo bineensaa kaadhimamtoota talaallii ja’aa akka jalqaban beeksisaniiru.
Imperial College London researchers announced on 20 March 2020 that they are developing a self-amplifying RNA vaccine for COVID-19.
Qorattoonni koolleejjii Impeeriyaalaa London gaafa Bitootessa 20 2020 talaallii RNA ofiin of guddisu COVID-19’f dagaagsaa jiraachuu isaanii beeksisan.
The vaccine candidate was developed within 14 days of receiving the sequence from China.
Talaalichi kaadhimaa guyyoota 14 keessatti tartiba jiinii chaayinaa irraa fudhatameen kan dagaagedha.
In late March, the Canadian government announced C$275 million in funding for 96 research projects on medical countermeasures against COVID-19, including numerous vaccine candidates at Canadian companies and universities, such as the Medicago and University of Saskatchewan initiatives.
Dhuma Bitootessaatti, mootummaan Kaanaadaa doolaara Kaanaadaa miiliyoona 275 wal’aansa ittisa COVID-19 irratti pirojektiiwwan qorannoo 96’f gargaarsa gochuuf beeksiseera, kaadhimamtoota talaallii hedduu kaampaanota Kaanaadaafi Yuunivarsiitootaatti dabalatee, kan akka Medicago fi karoora haaraa rakkoo adda ta’eef karoorfame kan Yuunivarsiitii Saskatchewan.
Around the same time, the Canadian government announced C$192 million specifically for developing a COVID-19 vaccine, with plans to establish a national "vaccine bank" of several new vaccines that could be used if another coronavirus outbreak occurs.
Yerooma walfakkaataatti, Mootummaan Kaanaadaa talaallii COVID-19 oomishuufi, achumaanis koronaavaayiresiin kanbiraan kan ka’u yoo ta’eef akka fayyadamamuuf talaaliiwwan haaraa hedduuf karoora “baankii talaallii” biyyaalessaa hundeessuuf, addatti C$ miiliyoona 192 kan ramadeera.
On 2 April 2020, researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine reported on testing of PittCoVacc, a possible COVID-19 vaccine in mice, stating that "MNA delivered SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit vaccines elicited potent antigen-specific antibody responses [in the mice] that were evident beginning 2 weeks after immunization."
Ebla 2, 2020 irratti, qorattoonni Yunivarsiitii Pittsburgh Kutaa Barnoota Wal’aansaa yaalii PittCoVacc irratti godhame gabaasan, talaallii COVID-19 ta’uu malu hantuuta keessatti, akka jedhanitti “MNA’n kutaa xiqqoo talaalliiwwan SARS-CoV-2 S1 deebii farra qaamaa farra qaama alagaa humna guddaa qabu kenne [hantuuta keessatti] erga talaalliin kennamee torban 2 boodaa kaasee argame. "
In Canada on 16 April 2020, the University of Waterloo School of Pharmacy announced design of a DNA-based vaccine candidate as a possible nasal spray.
Kaanaadaa keessatti Ebla 16 bara 2020, Yuunversiitiin Waaterloo Manni Barumsa Dunkana Qorichaa saxaxa DNA irratti hundaa’e kadhima talaalli ispiraay funyaan keessa ta’uu akka mulu beeksise.
Using bacteriophages, the DNA will be designed to replicate inside human bacteria to produce harmless virus-like particles, which may stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Fayyadamuun, DNA’n baakteriyaa namaa keessatti akka of baay’isuutti saxamuun vaayrasii miidhaa hin qabne, ittisa qaama farra alagaa vaayrasii SARS-CoV-2 kakaasuu kan mulu akka oomishamuuf faayida irra oola.
In March 2020, the US government, industry, and three universities pooled resources to access supercomputers from IBM, combined with cloud computing resources from Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Amazon, Microsoft, and Google.
Bitootessa 2020 keessa, mootummaan US, industiriin, fi yunivarsiitonni sadii IBM irraa kompiitaroota humna ola’aanaan hojjetan argachuuf qabeenyota walitti qaban, qabeenyota kilaawud komputiingii Interpiraayizii Hewlett Packard, Amaazoon, Maaykiroosooft, fi Google irraa waliin walitti makamuun.
Some vaccines have heterologous effects, also called non-specific effects.
Talaalliwwan muraasni bu’aa heddu qabu, akkasumas bu’aa adda hin baane jedhamuun beekkamu.
That means they can have benefits beyond the disease they prevent.
Sana jechuun dhukkuboota ittisan garasitti faayidaalee qabaachuu danda’u.
A further randomized trial in Australia is seeking to enrol 4,170 healthcare workers.
Awustiraaliyaa keessatti yaaliin baajuree gadi-fageenyaanii hojjettoota eegumsa fayyaa 4,170 hirmaachisuuf yaadaa jira.
It is possible vaccines in development will not be safe or effective.
Talaalliiwwan hojjetamaa jiran amanamoo ta’uu ykn dandeettii qabaachuu dhiisuu malu.
Early research to assess vaccine efficacy using COVID-19-specific animal models, such as ACE2-transgenic mice, other laboratory animals, and non-human primates, indicate a need for biosafety-level 3 containment measures for handling live viruses, and international coordination to ensure standardized safety procedures.
Qorannoon gara duraa bu’a-qabeessummaa talaallii madaaluuf moodeloota bineeldaa COVID-19-adda ba’ee kan akka hantuuta sanyii fooyya’aaa-ACE2, bineeldota laaboraatoorii biroo, fi piraaymeetota nama hin ta’iinii vaayiresoota kanneen to’achuuf tarkaanfiiwwan to’annoo baayooseeftii-gulant 3 fi adeemsota nageenyaa sadarkaasaanii eeggatan mirkaneessuuf walitti hidhamiinsa addunyaa akka barbaachisu ibsa.
Vaccines against SARS and MERS have been tested in non-human animal models.
Talaalliiwwan farra SARS fi MERS moodeloota bineeldota nama hin taane irratte yaalameera.
As of 2020, there is no cure or protective vaccine for SARS that has been shown to be both safe and effective in humans.
Hanga 2020 tti, SARS irraa kan fayyisu ykn ittisu namaaf naga-qabeessaa fi bu’a-qabeessa akka ta’e talaalliin mullate hin jiru.
According to research papers published in 2005 and 2006, the identification and development of novel vaccines and medicines to treat SARS was a priority for governments and public health agencies around the world.There is also no proven vaccine against MERS.
Akka waraqaawwan qorannoo 2005 fi 2006 maxxanfamaniitti, adda baafamnii fi dagaagfamni talaalliiwwan nooveeliifi daawaawwanii SARS’n wal’aanuuf mootummootaa fi ejensoota fayyaa uummataa addunyaarra jiraniif dursi kan kennamuufi. Dabalataan talaalliin MERS’f mirkanaa’ellee hin jiru.
When MERS became prevalent, it was believed that existing SARS research may provide a useful template for developing vaccines and therapeutics against a MERS-CoV infection.
Gaafa MERS babal’ataa ture, qorannoon SARS duraan ture talaalliiwwaniifi damee wal’aansaa dhukkuba fayyisuu irratti xiyyeeffatan dagaagsuuf qajeelcha hojii barbaachisaa hubama MERS-CoV irratti akka dhiyeessuu malutu amanamee ture.
As of March 2020, there was one (DNA based) MERS vaccine which completed phase I clinical trials in humans, and three others in progress, all of which are viral-vectored vaccines, two adenoviral-vectored (ChAdOx1-MERS, BVRS-GamVac), and one MVA-vectored (MVA-MERS-S).
Akka Bitootessa 2020, talaallin MERS (DNA irratti kan hundaa’e) guutumatti yaalii kilinikaalaa sadarkaa I namoota kan darbe, akkasumas kanneen biroo adeemsarra jiru, talaalliwwam baattuun- vaayralii hundi, baattuun adenovaayralii lama (ChAdOx1-MERS, BVRS-GamVac), fi baattuu-MVA tokko (MVA-MERS-S).
Social media posts have promoted a conspiracy theory claiming the virus behind COVID-19 was known and that a vaccine was already available.
Vaayirasiin COVID-19 duubaan jiru beekamaafi talaalliin dursee argameera jechuun maxxansoonni miidiyaa hawaasaa yaada qorannoo shiraan guute beeksisaniiru.
The patents cited by various social media posts reference existing patents for genetic sequences and vaccines for other strains of coronavirus such as the SARS coronavirus.
Maddeeleen maxxansoota sabquunnamtii hawaasaa hedduun caqafaman, maddeelee tartiiba hidda sanyii jiranii fi talaaliiwwan qacceelee koronaavaayiresii biroo akka koronaavaayiresii SARS kan waabeffatanidha.
b'Coronaviruses are a group of related viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds.
Vaayirasoonni koroonaa b' garee vaayirasootaa dhibeewwan hoosiftootaafi simbirroota keessatti geessisanidha.
In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections that can range from mild to lethal.
Ilma namaa keessatti, vaayirasoonni koroonaa hubamuu qaamoota hargansuu kan salphaa hanga du’aatti geessuu danda’u geessisu.
Mild illnesses include some cases of the common cold (which has other possible causes, predominantly rhinoviruses), while more lethal varieties can cause SARS, MERS, and COVID-19.
Gosoonni balaafamoon SARS, MERS, fi COVID-19 f sababa kan ta’an yommuu ta’u, dhukkubbiileen giddu-galeessaa mallattoolee utaalloo dabalata. (sababoota biroo kan qabaachuus malu, irra caalmaan immoo riinoovaayiresii).
Symptoms in other species vary: in chickens, they cause an upper respiratory tract disease, while in cows and pigs they cause diarrhea.
Mallattooleen sanyiiwwan kan biroo keessatti garaagara: lukkuuwwan keessatti, dhibee hargansuu qaama gara olii geessisu, loowwaniifi booyyota keessatti immoo garaa kaasaa geessisu.
There are yet to be vaccines or antiviral drugs to prevent or treat human coronavirus infections.
Talaallonni yookaan qorichoonni farra dhukkuboota vaayirasiin dhufanii vaayirasii koroonaan hubamuu ilma namaa ittisan yookaan wal’aanan ammallee jiru.
Coronaviruses constitute the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae, in the family Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales, and realm Riboviria.
Vaayirasoonni koroonaa damee maatii Orthocoronavirinae of-keessatti qabatu, maatii Coronaviridae keessatti, tartiiba Nidovirales, fi mootummaa Riboviria.
They are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a nucleocapsid of helical symmetry.
Isaan vaayirasoota jenoomii kajila RNA baaqqee positivii fi nucleocapsid boca ispiriingii kan danaan walqixxee waliin haguugamani.
The genome size of coronaviruses ranges from approximately 26 to 32 kilobases, one of the largest among RNA viruses.
Hangi sanyii koronaavaayiresii tilmaamaan kiiloobeezii 26 hanga 32 yoo ta’u, vaayiresoota RNA warra gurguddoo keessaa isa tokkodha.
They have characteristic club-shaped spikes that project from their surface, which in electron micrographs create an image reminiscent of the solar corona from which their name derives.
Isaanis boca tuttuqaa qaama isaanii irraa ka’un haagugaman, innis fakkii elektron maaykiroogiraafii fakkii ifa aduu koronaa nama yaadachisu kan maqaan isaanii irraa argamee uumun adda ba’u.
Coronaviruses were first discovered in the 1930s when an acute respiratory infection of domesticated chickens was shown to be caused by infectious bronchitis virus (IBV).
Koronaavaayiresoonni jalqaba kan argaman 1930’mmoota keessa yeroo dhukkubni sirna hargansuu hamaan lukkuulee manaa vaayiresii ujummoo qilleensaa hubuun dhufuunsaa (IBV) mul’atetti ture.
In the 1940s, two more animal coronaviruses, mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), were isolated.Human coronaviruses were discovered in the 1960s.
1940 moota keesa, koronaavaayiresoonni bineeldotaa dabalataa lama, vaayiresii tiruu illeettii (MHV) vaayiresii daddarbaa gaastirooyinteeritisii (TGEV), adda baafamanii turan. Koronaavaayiresoonni namaa immoo 1960 moota keessa adda baafamani.
The earliest ones studied were from human patients with the common cold, which were later named human coronavirus 229E and human coronavirus OC43.
Gara duraa warri qorataman namoota utaalloo dhukkubsatanirraa kan ta’e, boodarra koronaavaayiresii namaa 229E fi koronaavaayiresii namaa OC43 jedhuun moggaafamaniiru.
They were first imaged by Scottish virologist June Almeida at St. Thomas Hospital in London.
Isaan jalqaba vaayirooloojistii biyya iskootlaand June Almeida tiin Hospitaala St.Thomas tti London keessatti suura kaafaman.
Other human coronaviruses have since been identified, including SARS-CoV in 2003, HCoV NL63 in 2004, HKU1 in 2005, MERS-CoV in 2012, and SARS-CoV-2 in 2019.
Amma ammaatti gosoota biro koroonaa vaayirasiikan adda ba’e kan akka SARS-CoV bara 2003, HCoV NL63 bara 2004, HKU1 bara 2005, MERS-CoV bara 2012, and SARS-CoV-2 bara 2019.
Most of these have involved serious respiratory tract infections.
Kanneen keessaa garri caalaan dhukkuboota hamoo ujummoota sirna hargansuu kan hammatanidha.
The name was first used in 1968 by an informal group of virologists in the journal Nature to designate the new family of viruses.
Maqichi jalqaba bara 1968 garee qorattoota vaayrasitiitin barruu uummama maatii vaayrasii haara hojjechuu kan jedhu irratti itti fayyadamame.
The name refers to the characteristic appearance of virions (the infective form of the virus) by electron microscopy, which have a fringe of large, bulbous surface projections creating an image reminiscent of a crown or of a solar corona.
Maqichi bifa amalaa viiriyonii (gosa vaayirasii faalamaa) maayikirooskoppii elektiroonii bakka bu’a, kunis gama guddaa kan qabu, hojii danaa balbii suuraa hojii ykn soolaarii koroonaa uuma.
This morphology is created by the viral spike peplomers, which are proteins on the surface of the virus.
Caasan qaama isaa tutuqaaa vaayralii pepilomeersi olka’an kan pirootinii qaama vaayrasii kan ta’e irraa kan ijaaramedha.
Coronaviruses are large pleomorphic spherical particles with bulbous surface projections.
Vaayirasiin koroonaa qaamota piluumoorfoolikii naannawaa guddaa agarsiisa qaama balbii fakkaatu wajjin guddaadha.
The envelope of the virus in electron micrographs appears as a distinct pair of electron dense shells.The viral envelope consists of a lipid bilayer where the membrane (M), envelope (E) and spike (S) structural proteins are anchored.
Invilooppiin vaayiresii maayikiroograaphii elektiroonii keessatti akka sheelota elektiroonii walitti gobbataniitti mullata. Invilooppiin vaayiresii baqqaana coomaa lama kan pirootiinonni ijaarsaa membireeniin (M), invilooppiin (E) fi ispaayikii (S) ittiin utubaman qaba.
The lipid bilayer envelope, membrane proteins, and nucleocapsid protect the virus when it is outside the host cell.
Hunguuggiin liipidii baqqanaa lamaa, meembiireeniin pirootinii, akkasumas nuukulookapsidiin vaayrasii seelii keessummeesituu ta’een ala yeroo jiru ittisu.
Coronaviruses contain a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome.
Vaayrasiin koronaa miira pozitivii, jiinomee RNA kirrii qeenxee qaba.
The genome size for coronaviruses ranges from 26.4 to 31.7 kilobases.
Hammamtaan jenoomii vaayirasii koroonaa kiiloobeezii 26.4 hanga 31.7 ta’a.