atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
To implement this the UK government has recently articulated the desire to implement population self-isolation measures.
Kv l`th l`t k` nvmv, kuumv Uk payv jv lat vn g6r k` f66 ba titi ku2x l`t v naath diaal kvn nyin nyuur` ran gu11thdv k`rsa.
By targeting the reproduction number (R) (the average number of secondary cases each case generates) and aiming to reduce the R to below 1, the policy seeks to reduce case numbers to low levels or (as seen in previous outbreaks with severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola) to eliminate human-to-human transmission.
Kv loc wecnath k` pek in reepv rs (R) (vn pek ku00n5 tin nyin thvnd22r5 pek kvl kv min cv n66x) kvn lot c`r` k` xu]k R v we piny 1, kvn naath g77r puslvth5n5 kv xu]kdivn kv ku00n v we piny kiv (cet kv min ca nvn kv gu11th 2 nhiam 2 c5 ju1th fsw thi`x kv pek m5 d55t k` juey l55k` min rup-rup kvn Ebola) kv f66 ba d6p ran jv k` ram in d]x k`p cu]x.
As the experience from the 2009 H1N1 pandemic has shown, NPIs can be a crucial component of pandemic mitigation.
Cet kv m22 ca x1c 5 ca nyu]]th v thi1x 2009 H1N1 kv fsw, NPIs derv v jvn kvl in gsaa kv juc ju1th.
Key to the focus of our study will be the estimation of peak cases in the population and continual monitoring by data collection and modelling the potential growth and emergence of subsequent peaks in new cases as social distancing measures are relaxed.
Min l1t nvy th5n vl7x vn t`mv v f66 b1kv p2k j5 ju1thn5 k` p2k nath dial k` b5 nvy t11 ju1thn5kivn gu]r baa l``r5 t5 r]x g7r kv du]]p in d22 k`p n5 k`th t5n d22 kulv w22 tuskv cu]x.
There has already been publication of important disease epidemiological measures concerning the outbreak of COVID-19 in mainland China.
Jvn caa ruacn5 t5 xuan l1th rvy jsam kv ku5 ju1th v bvc bvc v csal5 COVID-19 vmv kvnv t11 in d22 k1p cu]x kv jv muun in d55t k` China.
A further fundamental measure in pandemic dynamics is the length of time from infection to when a person is infectious to others and the mean duration of infectiousness.
caa dup k]kivn t5 xuan b` t5 d22 k`p vn ju2y vmv cu]x rial5k` c2t kv p2k in k`p ju2y vms jv raan am`n5 p2k in d2rv nvy tin k]kivn w` dsp kv jv.
These factors, if estimated accurately, will give good predictions for the likely length of the pandemic, the final number of infected cases.
Kvn t5 c2t kvn titi, m5 caa kv th22m v gsa v r]x, d22 kv naath moc th2m w5`c m5 gsaa m5 d22 x`cn5 jv vn f66 ju2y vmv bv guut id5, kv nvy dial tin cv k`p.
We intend to apply approximate Bayesian inference (ABC) to (possibly spatially heterogeneous) Susceptible-Exposed- Infectious-Removed (SEIR) stochastic epidemic models.
G77r nvyv vn f66 d22 nvy Bayesian Inferrence (ABC) l1th l`t kv f66 d]x d2rv dvy ju1thn5 kiv bu]]t ju1th vmv kulv woc.
Such techniques are highly parallelizable and have been successfully applied to many fields including disease transmission modelling.
Jvn t11 m5 c2t kv ns jvn /cv gsaa v l7xk` jvn cv w22 gsaa kv t11 in d22 ju2y vms jak` w2 k` rad]divn.
They are particularly suited to situations where likelihood functions are absent and where more traditional approaches such as Markov chain Monte Carlo are impractical.
Kvn gsw kv v civk kv ciaax min cetv kv m5 ca lust k` du]]r jak` p`k kvn min ca ciaax 2 wal cet kv dux Markov cin Monte Carlo jak` thil gu11th.
Such an approach has been demonstrated to work effectively on the ASPREN surveillance data, a network of sentinel GPs and nurse practitioners who report deidentified information on ILIs and other conditions, where issues such as missing data and the need to model the observation process itself has been successfully addressed.
Kvn c11p titi ca kv nyu]]th vn f66 l`t kvn v gsaa k` ASPREN kv g1x l``r5, nvtw`k GPs n5 thvt5mvn kvn n``rthn5 tin g77r x55c tin laar thil xiec l``r` kv ILI kvn xsak tin k]x, tin la tussk xsak th5n cet kv l``r5 tin thil kvn g6r k` f66 du]]p guec l1t pu]nydv ca jv lat kv gu11thdv.
Furthermore, peaks in new cases have been estimated by distributional methods.
Kn min d]x, d5tdv nhial rvi k` min pay tussk ca jv mar kv d``k c11pn5.
Estimates of the parameters of the SEIR model are tractable on large data sets because of parallelizability, and these methods have been implemented in several R libraries; we intend to use the libraries ABSEIR (deposited on GitHub: https://tinyurl.com/vqu35cj) and abctools (https://tinyurl.com/tfjavz4) to estimate epidemic measures on a weekly basis.
M1r xsaakn5 tin nyin SEIR kvn d22 kv jek kv` l``r5 t5 xuan tin ca ku2x piny rvi parallelizability k` ca kvn c11p titi l1th l`t rvi duel5buskn5 R t5 xuan; g77r nvi f66 b5 naath we vn duel5buskn5 ABSEIR titi tin ca ku2x k` GitHub: https://tinyurl.com/vqu35cj) and abctools (https://tinyurl.com/tfjavz4) kv f66 ba min tussk kv jusk mar kv thi`x ju1th kv fsw.
Since we are fitting an SIR-epidemic model in the ABC routine, we anticipate that our results will be robust against weekly case data containing relatively small counts.
Kv f66 ksn ku2x ks SIRin thi``x fsw kv dup ABC piny, guic nvyv vn f66 min b5 jssc k` ks bv gssa kv xu]kdv kv ku00 l``r5 kv jusk.
For example, see for the ABC methodology applied to the Tristan da Cunha common cold data from 1967, where counts of I (number of infectious cases) and R (number of recovered cases) are in the tens at most.
C``t, nvn du]]p ABC in ca ku2x piny v we k` Tristan da Cunha kv ku5c thony-thony` kv ru]]n 1967 m22 c5 ku2n 1 (ku00n kv pek luex`) kvn R (ku00n k` pek in c5 x]]th) kvn we kv w`l kv pek in d55t.
Finally, in addition to the above methodology we will employ the Kaplan-Meier method with two outcomes (death and recovery) to estimate the case fatality ratio.
Kn guutdv, kvvl kv lsar c`p` ABC ksn c1ks c1p Kaplan Meier l1th l`t kv dup rvw kv ben raar (lieth kvn xs1th) kv f66 ba r22ci7 kv pek lieth mar.
This approach is independent of the ABC methodology and will allow comparisons between estimates from the two modelling approaches to judge robustness of results.
Du]]p vmv lsr` rvi c`p` ABC k` bv p``r kam` min ca mar k` c11p rvw titi jak` nyooth gssy k` min ca jek.
RCGP RSC’s surveillance with PHE is defined as Health Protection under Regulation 3 of The Health Service (Control of Patient Information) Regulations 2002.
G1x RCGP RSC kv PHE ca jv lar5 5 v ciaax g1x pusl` pu11ny kv rvi xut` min 3 kv l1t pusl` pu11ny (G1x l``r` j5 ju1th) xut ruun` 2002.
This has been confirmed by PHE’s Caldicott Guardian’s Office.
Nvmv caa b2n x1c kiv caa j2k PHE kiv mukt`p g1x nath.
We do not see any increased risk to practices or practitioners taking part in this surveillance.
C5 nvy du]]p m5 d]divn m5 d22 rik vt5 r] kv du]]p in d22 ju2y m5 c2t kv ns.
Infection prevention and control advice will follow extant national guidance.
G1x ju1th kiv t11 in d22 lu`xn5 jv baa gu]]r v p2k in caa rial5k` w5c kv liw.
Any cases identified will be managed according to the PHE/NHS guidance in force at the time, including advice for identified contacts.
Kvn nvy dial tin caa j2k v t22 ju2y vms baa kv dhil tit kv PHE/NHI t11dv kv t11 in t2kv jv m`n5 tinn caa j2k kv jv.
However, our training will include reminders about safe handling of specimens and revision of infection control measures anticipated to be high in our practices.
Duxdv f66, jvn x55c bv nvy t5`m f66 kv du]p in d22 lat n5 jv kvnv du]p in d22 ju2y vms k1p cu]x kv jv c2t kv t11 in caa x1c.
It is a key part of Regulation 12 about safe care and treatment, periodically inspected by the Care Quality Commission.
V jvn xu]t kv tin rf]x d1x 12 kv t11 in d22 ju1th thuk kv jv jvn caa g]1r piny kv t11 tiitd` (care quality commission).
Travel History and Clinical Descriptors of the COVID-19 Infections
Jvn t11 in j`l kv jv kvnv kvnv t11 in caa lat min k`p COVID-19 naath kv jv
The RCGP RSC practices have been advised on the clinical coding that has been made available for COVID-19 across all CMR systems.
Jvn t11 in l`t kv RCGP RSC caa lat k` cv lu2k vn f66 jvn t11 du22l wal kvnv t11 in l`t kv jv jvn l`tv k` t22 th5n kv ku5 COVID-19 k` t11 in l`t kv CMR.
This includes information on coding of clinical descriptors (Table 4) and any recent travel history.
Jvn t22 kvn th5n am`n5 ksdn5 tin caa g]1r piny kvnv tin th51k t22 pay r]divn l1t.
Establishment of Extended Virology Sampling
rial kv t11 in d22 ju2y vms k1p cu]x
The RCGP RSC practices participating in the annual influenza virology surveillance have started sampling from patients showing symptoms of LRTI.
Jvn t11 in l`t kv RCGP RSC rvy ruun` kv liw kv th2m nvn5 tin caa k`p v ju1th in csal5 thony-thony kiv nvy tin t2 kv nyuuth n5 thony-thony` kvnv COVID-19.
All samples received are being tested for influenza and COVID-19.
Kvn j5 ju1thn5 diaal t22 caa j2k, caa kv thvm kv th22m thony-thony` kvnv COVID-19.
This has led to initial early identification of background spread in low-risk patients.
Jvn m5 c2t kv nvmv caa naath jak` baa t11 in tusk kv jv x1c am`n5 t11 in j`l kv jv min k`pv naath.
As of March 7, 2020, the surveillance system has detected 2 cases of COVID-19 in low-risk patients with no history of travel through extended virological sampling.
Kv pay di]k, 7, 2020, c5 th22m j5 ju1thn5 d1x rvw j2k v t22 COVID-19 k` ju2ydivn vms caa j2k vn f66 /th2lv rivk kiv l511 m5 d2rv mal n66x kv t11 22 caa thvm n5 jv.
This protocol describes how we have adapted a national influenza surveillance system to monitor community spread of an unexpected infection of COVID-19.
Jvn t11 v caa l1tv cv nvy jak` dsap kv t11 in d22 l1t rvy w2c kv liw kv ku5 thony-thony` kv f66 cv d22 k`k piny v d22 naath k`p v ju2y in csal5 COVID-19.
We have rapidly created and incorporated new codes to allow data recording, and are collecting data to monitor the effectiveness of containment strategies.
C5 nvy du\r m5 pay tusk pay rial5k` kv f66 baa l``r5 kulv g]1r piny v gsa, k` rol nvy l``r5 t]t] kv f66 baa t11 in d22 k`p n5 jv cu]x kulv rial5k` vgsa.
Through this surveillance, we intend to find out more about the epidemiology of COVID-19 in ambulatory care.
T11 in d22 ju2y vms k1p cu]x kv jv, caa guic vn f66 b5 naath guic th5n vl7x kv t11 in d22 ju2y in csal5 COVID -19 jak` cux kv jv kv du]p tiit` m5 gsa.
In particular, its rate of spread, both temporal and geographical.
V cvk, jvn du]p in j`l kv ju2y vmv, dup d1x rvw p2k in civk kiv kv w55.
Our testing of low-risk patients will also inform whether the containment strategy that is based on virology testing of high-risk patients and their contacts plus self-isolation is effective.
Jvn th22m da min th0m kv j5 ju1thn5 dak rivkdv k` jvn b` l`rv naath l``r kv t11 in kua ju2y vms jak` kuiy kv jv kv ku5 dvn5 ju1thn5 tin jakv tin jakv j5 ju1thn5 tin t2kv rivk m5 d55t v l7x k` f66 baa l0k jsk, jvn nsms gsayv.
Containment should slow the spread, and there may be benefits in the management of spread from intense surveillance.
Vn f66 caa raan l1th gu`th jakv t11 in d22 dsp ju2y vms k` kuiy, k` jvn b` d2rv t2 kv du]r m5 gsaa m5 d22 j2k k` f66 caa ju2y vms jak` f66 cv naath bi dsp.
However, there may come a point at which the virus spreads more widely into the population, as has happened in Italy.
Duxdv f66 t22 kv dup t5 d22 ju2y vms kac raar d2rv naath t5 xuan dsp kvkv c2t kv t11 22 c5 tusk kv jv k` Ital5 (Italy).
Surveillance of low-risk patients should inform when we reach this tipping point and when infection rates start to remit.
Vn f66 l1t kv j5 ju1thn5 t5 dak f66 baa nvy tin k]kivn dsp, jvn l`rv naath f66 caa p2k in cv k`p n5 naath k1p cu]x.
The epidemiology of COVID-19 remains emergent.
Jvn t11 in k`p kv n5 ju2y in csal5 Ksbid -19 (COVID-19) cu]cx xotv t22 n5 th5n vla m5 p0th vl7x.
The registration-based nature of UK primary care means that we will be able to create a complete picture of the cumulative incidence and duration.
Jvn t11 in g]1r kv n5 j5 ju1thn5 piny du2l5 wal k` UK vn f66 baa rik tin caa r]divn dol am`n5 tin c5 j``nyjak` x1c kv.
The surveillance system should be able to identify areas where COVID-19 spread is taking place that might be suitable for trials of antiviral therapy.
Jvn t11 in k1p kv n5 ju2y cu]x bv naath jak` baa x1c vn f66 baa x1c vn f66 kv gu`th tin tith kvn t5 t2 COVID-19 th5ns k` vxu m5 baa l1t kv f66 baa k1p cu]x.
We could also follow up on the effectiveness or any adverse reactions to these medicines or vaccinations.
Banv t11 gssy`divn kvnv gu1cdivn kvn wal gu]r kvn wal tin laa tusm kv naath kv f66 ba ju1th gax.
Finally, early detection of a confirmed COVID-19 case has exemplified the rapid implementation of this enhanced surveillance in the national network.
Kv guutdv, vn f66 baa COVID19 mal x1c v f66 caa l`th g1x nath kv f66 caa ju2y b5 jak` w` d``w2c kv liw.
Safety of practices is our primary concern.
G1x nath v jvn l1tda min nhiam.
The RCGP RSC has operated for over 50 years and has been involved in collecting samples to monitor disease and vaccine effectiveness through the Hong Kong flu pandemic of 1968/69, the Russian flu of 1977/78, and the 2009 Swine flu pandemic.
Jvn RCGP RSC cv l`t kv run t5 b1l kv run t5 jvn 50 k` jvn cv l`t t5 nyin xuan l1t kv t11 in d22 lu`xn5 ju2y vms k` Hongkong ju2y thony-thony` m22 c5 tusk kv 1968/69, Ju2y thony-thonya m22 c5 tusk ka R1cia kv ru]n 1977/78 kvnv ju2y kundhura m22 c5 tusk kv ru]n 2009.
We are not aware of any increased risk to practice staff or other patients from involvement in surveillance.
/C5 nvy t2kv x`c vn f66 c5 rivk rsdv r2p kv ku5 l11tn5 kvnv j5 ju1thn5 tin k]kivn kv t11 in gax kv ju2y.
Pandemic preparedness is part of the role of the RCGP RSC.
Vn f66 b5 naath r]divn rial5k` kv ku5 ju1thn5 tin j5`k kv t11 in d22 loc n5 kv v l1t RCGP RSC.
It is plausible that enhanced coding of information from contacts with the practices in RCGP RSC will reduce the likelihood of people who may be suspected COVID-19 cases being brought to the surgery inadvertently.
jvn v l``r m5 r]x vl7x min jak l``r5 k` r]x kv j2k RCGP RSC bv t22dit`dv kiv t11 in d22 tusk kv jv r2p kv ku5 nvn5 tin ca diw 5 caa k`p v ju2y k` baa nvy t5 c2t kvn t] n66x gu11th r2t`.
Where cases are detected unexpectedly, it is probably helpful for that patient, their contacts, and the practice to know.
M5 caa j5 ju1thn5 j2k v /k1n x1c vn f66 d2rv tusk 5ns, jvn gsaayv kv ku5 nvn5 tin caa j2k vt22 ju2y, nvy tin th522k kvkv am`n5 min g77r f66 d22 x1c.
The impact on practices has been to close for a day, if a case is found, for deep cleaning and then reopen.
Jvn m22 caa j2k th5n k` l1t vms, jvn th522kv kv c`x, M5 caa ju2y j2k, baa rial5jv k` k` baa lvp.
The principal limitations of our system are the number of data points.
Kvn xu]t tin jak kv t11 vmv k` bvc vl6x kv t5 nyin xuan.
We are collecting serology and virology data from 100 sites, which covers a small group of the population.
Jvn g77r nvy l``r5 t5 xuan kv t11 in d22 thuk n5 ju2y vms k` gu`th t5 b``l `100 kv f66 b5 naath kulv ruac kv nvy t5 xuan.
This has been satisfactory for monitoring influenza, but we are not certain if this is a sufficiently large sample for the COVID-19 outbreak.
Jvn nvmv cv b2n vm5 gsaa m5 r]x vl7x vn f66 baa dup thony-thony` gu]]r kv kv du]p m5 r]x, Duxdv f66 c5 nvy v x`c m5 d5tv v d2rv nvy t5 xuan lu`x kv th2m kv ju2y in csal5 COVID19.
Our sites (surveillance practices) are currently fixed, and it could be helpful to be able to rapidly onboard practices in regions where there are more cases.
Kvn gu`th l1tda caa nyin internet` caa kv pay rial5k`, k` d2rv cu11 m5 lu`k naath vn f66 d22 l`t l1t k` Regiondan kv liw gu`thn5 tin t22 j5 ju1thn5 t5 xuan.
Currently, we will be reporting weekly.
Kvn p2k v th51kv, b5 ksn v t22 rspust kv jusk n5 ciax.
Our existing system can be enhanced to twice weekly, but maybe daily or hourly data should be our current approach.
Jvn t11 l1tda baa rial5k` gsaa k` rvvw kv jusk n5 ciax, Duxdv f66 kvn l``r5 tin xu]n kv kv thaakn5 kvnv tin xu]n kv kv c`x b5 kv ks lu`k kv min baa l1t.
Opportunistic sampling for serology in children younger than 10 years might be limited due to the overall reduced rate of blood tests in children.
Bax kv ku5 th2m in l1t kv kv ku5 gan tin t2 piny run5 d1x 10 d]x bv ku00 kv f66 caa th2m nath kv rivm jak` kuiy.
The extended surveillance using the RCGP RSC-PHE network for the emergent COVID-19 outbreak has been established rapidly.
vn f66 b5 naath l1t k` ju2y vms kv RCGP RSC-PHE kv ku5 ju1th in pay b2n in csal5 COVID19 in c5 d`k piny kv p0th caa rial5k`,
The model of getting the appropriate informatics to enable capture of the required data has already been a success, with data recording starting the week the codes were created.
Vn f66 baa l``r5 t5 r]x j2k kv f66 baa l``r5 tin r]x k`p g77rv jv vn f66 b5 l``r5 ksn dh5l gsw, Baa l11r5 g]`r piny vgsa gu1th in daan in l1t kvkv th5n.
In addition, modifying the existing surveillance system to collect population data in a parallel way has also been effective.
Min d22 mat th5n v f66, vn f66 d22 t11 in l1t kv n5 ju2y vms nysk kv gu`c kiv rial5k` vnysk jvn b` v du]p m5 lot rsdv.
However, we are at present unsure as to whether the scale of this surveillance provides sufficient data to drive local containment strategies or if reporting infrequently meets the need of our information age.
duxdv f66 kv gu1th t`mvk` c5 nvyv x1c vgsaa vn f66 m5 l1tin l1t ks m5 lu`kv vn f66 d22 ju2y vms jak` cv b5 r`th 5d5n kiv kvn l``r5 tin th6p kv n5 ciax m5 lu1k kv naath vn f66 baa l``r5 tin g6r kv j2k.
Updating the diagnostic criteria of COVID-19 “suspected case” and “confirmed case” is necessary
vn f66 d22 t11 in d22 l`t n5 naath kv ku5 ju1th in pay b2n in csal5 COVID 19 KV KU5 nvn5 tin caa k`p kvnv tin divw kv lotv rsdv
On 6 February 2020, our team had published a rapid advice guideline for diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection, and this guideline provided our experience and make well reference for fighting against this pandemic worldwide.
Kv c`x k` 6, k` pay rvw 2020, c5 j5 l`t k00l kv nvy bok m5 l`t naath du]]p in d22 ju2y run` 2019 l1t kv jv ms min csal5 coronavirus (2019—nCOV), Jvn bok vms cv x`c m5 gsa th6p v l7x kv t11 in d22 ju2y vms thuk kv jv kiv d22 l`t kv jv.
However, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new disease, our awareness and knowledge are gradually increasing based on the ongoing research findings and clinical practice experience; hence, the strategies of diagnosis and treatment are also continually updated.
Duxdv f66 jvn ju2y v csal5 Corona virus, v ju2y 2019 (COVID-19) v ju2y m5 pay b2n, Ku x`cda kv jv lv w` kv m5 r22pvn5 rssdv kv ku5 x`ck` min g6r kv kv ku5dv; Kv ku5c vms, t11 in d22 thuk kv jv w22 kv m5 l1t kv jv v m``th.
In this letter, we answered one comment on our guideline and provided the newest diagnostic criteria of “suspected case” and “confirmed case” according to the latest Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for COVID-19 (seventh version) that issued by the National Health Committee of the People’s Republic of China.
k1 wargak vmv, c5 nvy m5 c2t kv nv loc k` bok in c1kv rial5k` k` k` caa t11 m5 pay tusk in d22 lu`x ju2y vms lat th5n kv ku5 ju1thn5 tin caa x1c kvnv ju1th tin diw kv, T11 in pay b2n raar in d22 lu`x kv ju2y vms in csal5 covid-19 m22 caa j2k k` caa lat vmukt`p pusl` pu11ny in t2 k` China (Health Committee of people of the Republic of China).
In December 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has caused an outbreak, which is now officially named as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the virus has been named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Kv pay 12, 2019, vn ju2y 2019 vn csal5 CORONAVIRUS (2019-Ncov) cuv cuu d`k piny k` cuaa cua csl5 2019 Corona virus (COVID-19), Jvn b` cuaa jv csl5 5 v ju2y m5 k`p y522 nath cu]x kiv Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2).
On 11 March 2020, WHO characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic.
Kv c`x k` 11 k` pay d5]k 2020, C5 WHO kiv mukt`p pusl` pu1ny w5 mu]n Ju2y in csal5 COVID 19 csl5 ju2y m5 baap n5 piny (Pandemic).
In order to fight against the SARS-CoV-2 infection, our team has developed a rapid advice guideline and that has been published online in Military Medical Research on 06 February 2020.
kv f66 b5 naath kulv ny522ny kv ju2y v csal5 (SAR-COV-2, C5 j5 l1t k00l kv nvy bok m5 b5 naath lu`k kv li2xdv l1th rvy jsam kiv internet kv c`x k` 6, 2020.
It has attracted a great attention since published.
Cv t11 m5 m5 gsa ka d5t jiac nhial vl7x vn n22 ca kam raar.
Note however that COVID-19 is a new disease, our awareness and knowledge is gradually increasing based on the ongoing research findings and clinical practice experience; hence, the strategies of diagnosis and treatment are also continually updated.
Jvn ju2y v csal5 COVID19 vmv v ju2y m5 pay b2n, Ku x1c da lv w2 kv m5 r22pvn5 rssdv kv ku5 x`cn5 tin kualv g7r kv ku5dv, Kv ku5c vms, t11 in d22 lu`x jv koolv w` kv m5 l1t kv jv v m``th.
For instance the Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for COVID-19 issued by the National Health Committee of the People’s Republic of China (http://www.nhc.gov.cn/), among 16 January 2020 to 3 March 2020, has issued a total of seven editions with some contexts being substantively changed.
c2t kv t11 in caa k1m raar vmukt`p pusl` pu11ny (National health committee) in lu1k kv nvy tin caa k`p v COVID19 k` China (http://www.nhc.gov.cn/), kv c`x k` 16 k` pay kvl 2020 vw`k` c`xk` d5]k k` pay d5]k 2020 caa t11 in d22 thuk n5 ju2y vms f]n n5k` b1rsw t5 cv rsdv g0r kvkv.
Now our guideline received a comment by Zhou et al., they introduced a simple scoring proposal based on their clinical experience.
Vn t`mv kvn buskn5 tin c1kv k1m raar kv ku5 ju1th vmv caa kv guic v Zhou et al, vc5kv t11 in d22 gsaa thin lat kv ku5 x`c`divn in t22 kv kv n5 w2n du22l w1l.
Their work added new evidence for our guideline and also make valuable reference for this pandemic worldwide.
L1tdivn cv nyuuth m5 gsaa m5 r]x mat k` buskn5 tin c1kv k1m raar kv ku5 ju1th in c5 d`k piny w55 mu]]n.
We endorse their significant work and express our thanks.
C5 nvy l1tdivn nhsk k` c5 nvy t0thlsacda lat kv jv.
However, their work also needs update according to the latest Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for COVID-19 (Trial seventh version) and recently studies.
Duxdv f66 vn l1tdivn b` g77rv f66 ba nysk kv rial5k` m5 guic5 buskn5 tin nyuuth naath kv ku5 COVID19 kvnv l1t dial t22 caa b2n f]n kv ku5 ju1th vmv.
According to the seventh edition (3 March 2020), to confirm the suspected case needs to combine any one item of epidemiological history features with two items of clinical manifestations to make a comprehensive analysis, or needs to meet three items of clinical manifestations if without clear epidemiological history:
Kv ku5 busk in b1rswdivn m22 k`m kv raar kv c`xk` d5]k k` pay d5]k 2020, cv lat vn f66 kvn ju1th tin caa x1c g77rv jv vn f66 baa kv mat kv dup d1x rvw tin d22 kulv k`p n5 ju2y vms cu]x kiv dup d5]k tin caa lar du22l wal c`x n5 min /th2lv ruac m5 thu[k m55 caa lat kv ku5divn.
Epidemiological history: (1) a history of travel or residence in Wuhan city and surrounding areas, or other communities where COVID-19 cases had been reported in the last 14 days before symptom onset; (2) a history of contact with SARS-CoV-2 infectious cases (with positive nucleic acid test); (3) a history of contacting with patients with fever or respiratory symptoms from Wuhan city and surrounding areas, or other communities where COVID-19 had been reported in the last 14 days before symptom onset; (4) a history of contacting with cluster of confirmed cases (≥ 2 cases with fever and/or respiratory symptoms occurred within 2 weeks in small areas, such as home, office, class of school, etc).
Dup tinn d22 k`p n5 ju2y cu]x: (1) T11 in j`l kv naath k` c52x kv naath k` Wuhan am`n5 gu`th tin th522k kv jv kiv w55 tin k]kivn tin caa Ju2y in csal5 COVID 19 rspust th5n kv nin d1x 14 t22 c5 w` (2) Ruac kv ku5 j2k` kv ram m5 caa k`p v ju2y vms csal5 SARS-COV kvn nv rvw tin caa j2k v t22 ju2y vms kv t11 in caa thvmn5 kv; (3) Vn f66 b5 j2k kv ram m5 t2kv ju2y l2th` pu1ny kvnv kivl k` Wuhan am`n5 gu`th tin th522k kv jv am`n5 w55 tin caa ju2y vmv CIVID19 repust th5ns rvy n5n5 d1x 14 v k` nyuuthn5 kv n5 x1c vgsa; (4) Vn f66 b5 w` gu1th dol` m5 t2kv ram m5 caa x1c th5n vn f66 t22 kv ju2y vms kv f66 caa x1c vn f66 t22kv nyuuthn5 t5 c5 jssc k`jv rvy juskn5 d1x rvw t5 caa nvn c52x, mukt`p am`n5 class du22l g[r`.
Clinical manifestations: (1) fever and/ or respiratory symptoms; (2) with imaging features of COVID-19 infection; (3) total white blood cell counts showing normal, decreased, or reduced lymphocyte count in the early onset stage.
Dup tin caa nyoth du22l wal: (1) L2th pu11ny kiv nyuuthn5 bvc` lsac, (2) kv ku5 ju1thin csal5 COVID-19 kiv k`p dv kv naath (3) Jvn rivm in b7r laa jaa gu0c kv v laa f66 /th2lv m5 tusk th5n m5 la rivk, vn f66 d2rv rsdv xok kiv d2rv rs r2p.
Diagnosing the confirmed case should base on suspected case with any one item of pathogenic or serological evidence as following: (1) real-time PCR test positive for SARS-CoV-2; (2) viral whole genome sequencing showing high homogeneity to the known novel coronaviruses; (3) positive for the specific IgM antibody and IgG antibody to SARS-CoV-2 in serum test; or a change of the SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibody from negative to positive, or titer rising ≥4 times in the recovery phase above that in the acute phase.
Vn f66 b5 naath l`t kv ku5 ju1thin c5 raan k`p t22 k` t11 in caa x`cn5 f66 cv k`p raan baa dvy ju1thn5 tin d22 ju2y vms n66x cuu guic c2t kv mv caa lat pinyv: (1) Gu1thin r]x th2m PCR kv ku5 ju1thin csal5 SAR-COV-2 (2) Jvn t11 in w2 kv jv vn ju2y nyuthv ksn d``k in x1c kv n5 ju2y vms; (3) Min thu]k kv ku5 IGM dvy ju1thn5 tin gax kv pu]ny kv ju2y in csal5 SARS-COV-2specific IGM b2ndv kv m5 bax w22 k` m5 thu]k, Jvn p2k I lu1xkv ju2y vms th5n v jvn p2k in thu]k.
We can see that the real-time PCR test for nucleic acid in respiratory tract or blood samples was added to the second (18 January 2020) and third (22 January 2020) editions.
G77r nvyv vn f66 b1kv gu11thin r]x kv ku5 Th22m` n5 PCR min th0m kv lsc kvnv rivm caa mat k` bok in caa k1m raar min rvwdv kv (c`xk` 18, k` Pay kvl, 2020 kvnv c`x k` 22, k` pay kvl 2020).
The pathogenic detection of blood sample was added to the fourth (27 January 2020) and fifth (8 February 2020) editions; and then the serological evidence was added to the seventh edition.
Vn f66 baa dvy ju1thn5 j2k rvy th2m caa mat jak` min xuandivn (c`k` 27, pay 1, 2020) kvnv dh522cdivn (c`xk` 8, pay 2, 2020); Cuaa nyuuthn5 t]t[ cuu mat kv bok in b1rswdivn in caa k1m raar kv ku5 nyuuth` kv ku5 ju1th.
These modifications based on the researchers continued work that to search for an optimal nucleic acid detection kit for rapid diagnosis, as well as the samples from respiratory tract including blood sampling, which increased the availability of different specimens, and supported bringing the specific antibody positive result into the confirmed criteria.
Kvn tin l1t kv v nvy tin g6r kv f66 d22 ju2y vms joc 5d5 w2kv w2 nhiam kv f66 baa t11 in d22 ju2y vms jock kv jv x1c d22 lscran thvm kvnv rivm kv f66 d22 dvy ju1thn5 tin ny522ny kv pu[ny cuu x1c.
Besides, there are more and more evidence that remind us to caution with the atypical symptomatic and asymptomatic patients.
Jvn t22 kv nyuuthn5 t5 xuan vl6x t5 t52m kv ksn f66 d22 ksn r] tit 5d5 kv nyuuth n5 ju1th vms am`n5 nvy tin caa nyuuthn5 ju1th vms nvn k`kv.
Hence, the flow chart of Zhou et al. should be updated, as they classified the person without clinical symptoms as “low risk”.
Kv ku5c vms, jvn t11 in t2kv ju2y vms baa nysk kv rial5k` v Zhou et all. Baa nysk kv rial5k` c2t kv min caa lar 5 ram m5 /th2lv nyuuth n5 ju1th pu]nydv 5 kuiy rivkdv.
The score system also needs to be verified in further clinical practice and studies.
Jvn t11 in t2kv jv baa nysk kv gu`c b` kv t11 in t2kv jv du22l5 wal.
To conclude, we hope more direct evidence coming up and call for readers to provide their comments.
kv gu]k ruac, x11thnvyv vn f66 b5 t5 xuan gsw b2n raar kv ku5 ju1th vmv k` baa kv k1m nvy tin laa ku2n kv f66 b5kv x1cdivn w` th6p th5n.
For the diagnosis of “suspected case” and “confirmed case”, we suggest to trace and obey the newest guidelines of their home countries.
Kv naxdv du22l wal vn ju2y in ca diw kvnv ju2y in caa x1c, c5 nvy, caar nvyv vn f66 banv nyuuth v th51kv kv ku5 ju1th vmv dhil lu]th rvy w55n5ksn.
Our team will also timely update our guideline to offer help.
J5 l1t k00l kv nvy b5 kv t11 in l1t kv nvy nysk kv rial5k` kv gu1th vn lotrs kv f66 bv naath kulv lu`k.
Bangladesh reports five new deaths due to COVID-19, a daily highest
Bangladesh cv l5th d1x dhieec lar t5 c5 tussk kv jvn COVID-19, v jvn pek in d55t kv c`x
Yesterday, Bangladesh has confirmed five new deaths due to COVID-19 on the day.
Pan, Bangladesh cv l5th dhieec lar kv ku5c COVID-19 kv jvn c`x vms.
This is the highest number of fatalities in a day due to the virus.
Vn nmv v jvn pek in d55t k` li11 kv c`x kv ku5c bayr`th.
As of yesterday, Bangladesh's Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR) reported the number of recorded infected cases included 114 active cases and 33 recovered cases who were staying home.
Kv jvn pan, yin5tht5ti66t epid5mslsj5, kv g1x ju1th kvn g6r x`c` (IEDCR) cv pek nath tin cv moc kv juey t5 te rvidivn kv pek in bcv m5 114 kvn per in c5 x]]th m5 33 lar t5 ciex ci22xn5kivn.
A total of 17 deaths have been recorded.
Kv li11 m5 pek k` 17 m5 cv gs1r piny.
In an online news briefing, the director of IEDCR, Dr Meerjady Sabrina Flora, said the fatalities included four males and one female.
K` laar tin lar snlaany, vn ku``r IEDCR, Dr Meerjady Thabrin Pslsra, cv lar 5 kvn l5th te rvidivn kv wutn5 xuaan kv ciek kvl.
According to Dr Meerjady, two cases were aged above 60, two between 51 and 60, and one 41-50 years old.
Cet kv min ca lar Dr Meerjady, naath d1x rvw b``l runkivn 60, rvwk]kivn te kv kam 51 kvn 60, k` kvl t22 k` 41-50 kv run.
She also said two of the victims were from Dhaka.
Cv jv lar b` 5 naath d1x rvw k` kvn tin c5 l5w b1kv k` Dhaka.
The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic on March 11.
Vn mukt`p pusl` pu11ny wec mu]]n in d55t n5 WHO cv COVID-19 lar kv d`kdv fsaa kv pay di]k 11.
A hospital official told Anadolu Agency, a local news outlet, that one of the deceased was Jalal Saifur Rahman, a director of Bengali Anti-Corruption Commission, who was cared for at the Kuwait Maitree Hospital.
C5 l``t du22lwal kvl jv l1r Anaslu V jvnth5, gu11th laatn5 wecdivn 5 ram kvl k` t5n c5 l5w v Jalal Thvypur Rahman, dvr0ktsr antik7r`pcin Bangladesh ksm5cin, m22 ca ts11c dueelwal Mayt5r22 k` Kuwait.
On Saturday, in an online video announcement, Bangladeshi Road Transport and Bridges Minister Obaidul Quader said public transport would be shut down for longer than initially planned, until this coming Saturday.
Kv c`xk` b1kvl, k` l``r m5 a th6p snline, Ku``r mukt`p m5n5thvr du]p kvn j1l k` Bangladeshn5 Obaydul Kuqder cv jv lar 5 ba thu5bivvl5 j1l diaal rvi wec g`k kv gu11th m5 b``r m5 b``l m22 ca lar kv v tookv k` c`x k` b1kvl v bems.
This public transport shutdown had initially started on March 26 and was planned to end on Saturday, April 4.
Vn g1k thu5bivvl5 j1l wec diaal vmv cv tussk kv pay di]k 26 k` cua jv c`p 5 derv ben cu]x kv c`x k` b1kvl, pay xuaan 4.
Transport of essential goods -- medical, fuel and food -- was still allowed.
J1l kuakn5 tin gsw kv ciaax teek`, wal, j1th kvn ku`n bv xot t22 th5n.
The first recorded incidents of COVID-19 infection in Bangladesh were on March 8, in two people who returned from Italy and also the wife of one of them.
C`x 2 nhiam 2 gs1r kv luex COVID-19 piny kv jv k` Bangladesh v pay di]k 8, kv naath d1x rvw t5 luny jsk k` Tiliaan kvn ciek raam kvl k` kv.
As of March 19, these three had already recovered.
Kv gu11th m5 cet kv pay di]k 19, kvn naath di]k titi c5 kv ku thux x]]th.
National Basketball Association suspends season due to COVID-19 concerns
Mukt`p b1thkvtbussl athsthivcin cv xar d``k` ruun` kvl p`l kv jvn ku5c diir` COVID-19
On Wednesday, the United States' National Basketball Association (NBA) suspended its professional basketball season due to concerns regarding COVID-19.
Kv c`x k` di]k mukt`p b1thkvtbussl k` Yunaytet Yitht22t (NBA) cv xar d``k` ruundv kvl p`l n5 baax kv jvn ku55c diir` lsaac kv COVID-19.
The NBA's decision followed a Utah Jazz player testing positive for the COVID-19 virus.
Vn c1r NBA b22 kv ksr x1``r` Jadh k` Utah m22 ca ben thvm k` ca jek cv moc juey.
The NBA did not release the identity of the player in question in its announcement.
Vn NBA /ken ci6t x``r` nsms lar gu11th in laarv nvmv.
They did say he was not present at Chesapeake Energy Arena in Oklahoma City, where the Utah Jazz were to play against the Oklahoma City Thunder.
Cu kvn lar n5 jv 5 jvn thilv jv k` Cvthap5k en2rj5 avna rvi r00k Sklvlahoma, gu11th 2 we X11r Utah Jadh xar th5n kv j5 r00k Sklvlahoma Thundv.
According to its press release, the NBA was "suspending game play following the conclusion of [Wednesday's] schedule of games until further notice."
Cet min ca lar v pvrvthdivn 2 c5 ben raar, vn NBA cv xar vms p`l kv ksr k` min ca l1th k` c`x k` di]k 5 am`n5 m5 caa jv lv ksx lar.
The Jazz's game was cancelled, as was another NBA game Wednesday between the Sacramento Kings and the New Orleans Pelicans.
Vn g22m Jadh cua jv woc, cet kv g22m NBA d]divn b` kv c`x k` di]k kam Tharkvrvmvnts kix kvn N5w Srl55n Pvl5ksn.
Other games scheduled for Wednesday were still held, according to NBC News.
G22mn5 k]kivn tin ca l1th k` jvn c`x k` di]k ka th5n /k1n kv p`l, kv min ca lar v Gu11th laatn5 NBC.
The United States' other major basketball organization, the National Collegiate Athletic Association, which runs college basketball, has cancelled its own tournament, March Madness, for both men's and women's leagues.
Vn srganayth22c5n Yunaytet Yitht22t kv ciaax kurvn5 b1thkvtbussl, vn athsth22cin kslvgivvt j5 wuur` min l``t ksslvj b1thkvtbussl cvtsnvmvn p`l, m1c m0dness, k` l5k wutn5 kvvl kvn l5k m``n.
According to Johns Hopkins University, as of Wednesday, there were at least 1,279 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the United States.
Cet min ca lar v Yun5b77thvt5 Johnhopkinth, kv c`x k` di]k cuv te kv pek m5 cet 1,279 m5 x`th cv k`p kv COVID-19 rvi Yunaytet Yitht22t.
CNBC reported there were at least 118,381 cases worldwide.
CNBC cv jv lar 5 t22 kv naath t5 118,381 t5 cv k`p w55 mu]]n kvvliw.
SARS-CoV-2 surpasses one million infections worldwide
SARS-CoV-2 cv jssc kv luexn5 t5 bathdssr kvl w55 mu]]n kvvliw
On Thursday, the total number of cases of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infections surpassed one million worldwide, Johns Hopkins University data indicated.
Kv c`x k` xuaan, pek ku00n5 tin cv k`p kv SARS-CoV-2 ksrsnabayr`th cv jssc v la bathdssr kvl w55 mu]]n kvvliw, ca jv nyooth v l``r5 Yunib7thvt5 Johnhopkinith.
At least 52 thousand deaths were linked to COVID-19, the disease caused by the coronavirus.
Pek lieth m5 k5thn5 t5 52 tookv jvn COVID-19, kvn l5th tin n77x ksrsnabayr`th kv.
The milestone came the same day Malawi confirmed its first coronavirus infections and Zambia had its first coronavirus-related death.
R`thdv vn th]xs tusskv kv v p``r Malawi cv luex ksrsnabayr`th in nhiam lar k` Dh1mbia cv li11 in nhiam nvn min took ksrsnabayr`thv.
North Korea claimed, as of Thursday, it was one of the few countries remaining free of coronavirus infections.
Nsth Korea cvjv lar 5, cet kv c`x k` xuaan, v wec kvl k` w55 tin xot baax v thil luex ksrsnabayr`th.
By yesterday, the World Health Organization reported 1,051,635 confirmed cases, including 79,332 cases in the twenty four hours preceding 10 a.m. Central European Time (0800 UTC) on April 4.
Pan c5 mukt`p pusl` pu11ny wec mu]]n jv lar 5 1,051,635 cv jv k`p kv juey t5 te pek m5 79,332 rvi thaakn5 t5 24 v b``l thaak 10 a.m. kv kueen d11r Yursp(0800 UTC) kv pay xuaan 4.
In the United States, over 244 thousand coronavirus cases were recorded, linking to at least 5,900 deaths.
Rvi Yunaytet Yitht22t, pek m5 b``l k5thn5 t5 244 k` ksrsnabayr`th ca gs1r piny, kv l5th t5 5,900.
CBS News reported, citing Johns Hopkins University data, there were over 1,000 US deaths on Wednesday caused by coronavirus infections.
Gu11th laatn5 CBS cv lar 5 c5 l``r5 Yun5b7thvt5 Johnhopkinith v lar 5 t22 kv li11 m5 1,000 k` US kv c`x k` di]k t5 n77x luex ksrsnabayr`th kv.
Around the world, countries announced stricter measures to inhibit the disease from spreading.
W55 mu]]n kvvliw, kvn w55 ca jc lar 5 ba civx tiit` t5 gax thi`y ju1th fsaa dhil k1n.
On Thursday, Sergei Sobyanin, the mayor of Moscow, extended the city lockdown to May 1.
Kv c`x k` xuaan Thvrgvy Thsbayain, min la ku``r r00k Mothkow, cv g1k r00k tiec jsk v wen5 k` pay dhieec 1.
Nationally, President Vladimir Putin declared Russians would continue to be paid without going to work until April 30.
Weec, ku``r in d55t n5 Biladimir Putin cv jv lar 5 R1cia ba j5 kv moc yi7u v c`x /c5 kvn we l`t am`n5 pay xuaan 30.
The parliament of Portugal voted to extend the national state of emergency by 15 days; the vote passed with 215 votes in favor, ten abstentions, and one vote against.
Palvmvn Portugal cv mvvk 5 ba em`rjvnth5 wecdivn rsam th5n kv n5n 15; vn m2k cv gsaa kv pek m5 215 kv nh6kdv, c5 naath d1x w`l p1k l7k kvnv k` c5 ram kvl jv lar 5 hey.
Saudi Arabia extended curfews in the holy cities of Mecca and Medina to last the entire day; previously, the curfew was only in effect between 3 p.m. and 6 a.m.
THsdia Arabia cv ciaax pal` rvi wec in rvl rs n5 Meka kvn Medina jak` f66 bv guut kv c`x kvvliw; kv gu11th 2 wen vn pal la t22 th5n kv kam thaak 3 p.m. kvn 6 a.m.
Thailand planned to implement a curfew between 10 p.m. and 4 a.m.
Thailand cv jv car 5 bv pal l1th thaak 10 p.m. kvn 4 a.m.
The governor of Ohio, Mike DeWine, announced the state had extended its stay-at-home order until May 1.
M5dh55rv Ohio, Mike DeWine cvjv lar 5 c5 wecdv jv rep vn f66 b5 naath liep ci22xn5 am`n5 pay dhieec 1.
Stores in Australia lower toilet paper limits per transaction
Yithtssr5 k6k` k` Sthrsr6lia ca wargakn5 du22l coown5 yu]th piny kv pek in wen
On Sunday and Saturday evening, Australian store chains Woolworths and Coles lowered their purchase restrictions on toilet paper to two and one package per transaction in all stores on national level, respectively.
Kv c`x k` b1kvl kvn c`x kusth kv w``r, Du2l k`k` Sthtsr6lia Woolworth kvn ksslvth cua pen k7k` wargakn5 coown5kiv yu]th piny k` rvw kvn kvl kv pek in wen gu1th5kivn diaal rvi wec insns.
ALDI also introduced a one-pack limit, on Monday.
ALDI b` cv jv nax k` pek m5 k5th kvl, kv jiev l1t.
These limitations were posted as messages on the checkouts, and on the chains' Facebook pages.
Kvn yuth pinyn5 ca kv pu1t gu11th kac` nath raar kv p22thbok gec.
Buyers were reportedly stocking up due to fears of COVID-19 in case people need to self-isolate.
K66k ca jv lar 5 g77r kvn dol kuakn5 piny kv dual COVID-19 k` f66 n5 raan g77rv jv 5 bv nyuur gu11th kvl.
On Wednesday, Woolworths also limited toilet paper purchases for home delivery to one pack per order.
Kv c`x k` di]kWoolworth b` cv ksk wargakn5 du22l coown5 xok kv naxdivn ci22xn5 cv ben k` kvl kv pek in g77r raanv.
These changes followed the previous four-pack per transaction restriction introduced by Woolworths and Coles on March 4 and 5 respectively.
Vn g2r civxn5 nvmv guurv n5 th7p kithn5 d1x xuaan 2 wal 2 ca ksx lar v Woolworth kvn Kslith, kv pay di]k c`x k` 4 kvn 5 insns.
Coles, in its March 8 media release, reported that with the four-pack restriction in place, "many stores are still selling out within an hour of delivery", and called the demand "unprecedented", while ALDI, in a Facebook post on Tuesday, called it "unexpected".
KKslith, kv pay di]k 8 gu11th laatn5 kv cv jv lar 5 v te c`p k` f66 k5thn5 xuan v kvn ba th6p t] th5n, th11x du2l5 k7k` xot kv kv m5 th6p kv xsak kv thaakn5 l1t kv pek in guic kvnv, cv jv lat 5ns, /civ jvn gu11thdv, c5 ALDI jv lar k` p22cbok pec /ca jv guic 5 derv a jvn.
Sales went up in a "sharp increase" last week, according to a Woolworths spokesperson.
K6k cv rs rep vl]x kv jusk e c5 thuuk, cet kv min ca lar gu1n lu`x` ruac k` Woolworth.
Costco's store in Canberra also limited the allowed amount to two packs last week.
Duel k6k` Ksthk6 k` Kanbvra b` cv pek pakvj n5 rvw tin ca lar k7kdivn xok kv jusk 2 pay thuuk.
To further alleviate the shortage, Coles ordered bigger packages from suppliers and increased delivery frequency, Woolworths ordered extra stock, while ALDI made stocks for a planned Wednesday special available early.
Kv f66 bv dakdivn xok, Kslith cvpakvjn5 t5 xuan csl k` cvrkan5 k` cv du]]p n77x`divn rep, Woolworth cvpek d]divn csl b`, k` c5 ALDI tin cv jak` dee ben kv c`x k` di]k jak` b5 mal cop.
Russell Zimmerman, executive director of the Australian Retailers Association, said that retailers try to raise stock, but local council restrictions on the timing of truck-deliveries make it hard.
Rudhvl Dhimvrman, ku``r athsth2cin k66kn5 min d55t k` Sthtsrslia cvjv lar 5, kvn k5 k7k` f]n kvn f66 ba kuak jak` xuan, kuv la f66 pen kssncil kv ciaax cuspdivn kv gu22th in ca lar jak` xsak k` bcv.
He expects rising production costs, as suppliers try to meet demand, and fewer specials.
Guicv jv 5 b5 min nax kuakv kv t1thdivn dhil kac nhial, kv f66 kvn cvrkan5 g77r kvn f66 b5 kv we kvvl kv min g77r naathv, k` kuiyv.
On Tuesday, ALDI announced that following the early release of stock, some stores can't run the Wednesday special.
kv c`x k` rvw, cu ALDI jv lar5 kv ksr ben` kuakn5 raar kv p0th, th11x du2l5 k7k` /ca min gsaa kv c`x k` di]k b5 lu`x kv l`t.
In a News.com.au report, Dr Gary Mortimer, retail expert from Queensland University of Technology, said the stores fill the stock every night.
Rvi News.com.au, Dr Gary Mortimer, ram kvl m5 x`c min tussk k` ciaax k7k` k` Kuiinithland Yunib7th5 t0knslsj5, cv lar 5 kvn du2l k7k` la thi``x kvn thukn5 kv kuak kv w``r5 diaal.
He remarked toilet paper is a bulky item, leading to low quantity of stocks in numbers, and, when sold out, leaves vast shelf spaces empty, hardening the feeling of a shortage.
Cv jv lar 5 wargak du22l coown5 la xuan5 jvn vl]x ciax, jakv gssy kuakn5 tin k]x k` thil kv xuandivn k`, ms ca jv we ksaks, duel v doth n5 baax, repv c1r k` f66 dak xsak vl]x.
"Coles and Woolworths have a view [that] if there was plenty of stuff on the shelf, if product like toilet rolls and sanitiser could be [bought] and are there in quantities, you would probably minimise the panic" said Russell Zimmerman per ABC News.
Kslith kvn Woolworth t22 kv m5 guic kvnv 5 m5 te kuak t5 xuan t5 r7x w55 tharb2t` k7k`, m5 kuak cet kv wargak du22l coown5 k` dee wal l1k ksk k` te kvn th5n kv pek m5 d55t, d]x der5 divvr lsaac vmv xok, laarv Rudhvl Dhimvrman rvi gu1th laatn5 ABC.
Recycled toilet paper producer Who Gives a Crap said on last Wednesday they'd run out of stock.
Cvrkan5 wargakn5 du22l coown5 tin ca jsk kv l1t tin xun locdivn l`t ca jv lar v kvn kv c`x k` di]k 5 b5 kuakivn thuuk.
Kimberly-Clark, which makes Kleenex Toilet Tissue, and Solaris Paper which makes Sorbent, emphasized they were working 24/7 to maintain the supply, according to the News.com.au report.
K5mberly K5lark min l`t wargakn5 du22l coown5 k5l55nvkith, kvn wargakn5 Thslsr5 min l`t Thsrbvnt,ca jv lar 5 l`t kvn kv 24/7 kv f66 min th7p kvnv loc gu1thdv, laarv Gu11th News.com.au.
Domain.com, a real estate site, reported some property sellers offering free toilet paper to the first bidder on auctions in Melbourne, when fewer auctions were held because of buyers having time off on the long weekend of Labour Day.
Domain.com, gu11th t1th duel5, cv lar 5 th11x j5 k7k` kuakn5 th6p kv wargakn5 du2l5 cown5 baax k` naath tin ytook n5 mu]c baax kv naath rvi Melbourne, m5 c5 xsan5 dusth pinykv f66 c5 k66k lsar kv thaak5 guut` jok` kv gu11th l1t.
The Thursday edition of NT News, a daily printed in Darwin, included an eight-page insert meant to be cut up and used as toilet paper.
K` tid5tix c1x k` xuaan k` gu11th laatn5 NT, wargakn5 tin la be raar ciax k` Darwin, ca pecn5 b1d`k mat th5n baax t5 lot kvn n5 f66 ba kv ben r0vt k` b5 naath we du2l5 coown5 kv kv.
The stores were originally reluctant to impose restrictions, according to a report from ABC Australia on March 3 in which they said they had no plans to introduce restrictions on the purchases.
Kvn du2l t]w` k7k` kuakn5 c5 kv ksx nyuur baax thil m5 laar kvnv kv ciaax n1x kuakn5, cet kv m5 ca ksx lar v ABC Sthtsrslia kv pay di]k 5 thilv kv c1r kv f66 ba pek in dee ksk lar v kvn.
Russell Zimmerman added that other products are also in high demand, including masks, sanitiser, dried goods, handwash and flour.
Cu Rudhl Dhimvrman v nysk kv lat kuak tin k]x b` c5 naath te kv g6rivn m5 d55t, cet kuum thusk kvn wum, thaitaydhvr5, kuak mithn5 tin k77t, nyin l1k tetn5 kvn nup.
Similarly, outside of Australia, on Sunday evening online British supermarket Ocado was observed limiting purchases of Andres toilet paper to two 12-roll packs.
Ins b`, raar Sthtsrlia, kv c`x kusth kv w``r thuk B7rn7t5c in d55t bin ksk kuak snlany n5 Okakda cua jv nvn xookv pek in dee raan v nax kvvl k` wargakn5 du22l coown5 Andvth v la bolokv n5 rvw 12 rvidivn.
US President Trump declares COVID-19 national emergency
Ku``r US in d55t n5 Trump cv COVID-19 csl 5 rivk wec m5 rup-rup
On Friday, United States President Donald Trump declared a national emergency in response to the ongoing coronavirus outbreak.
kv c`x k` dhieec, ku``5 Yunaytet Yitht22t n5 Donald Trmp cvj v rivk wec in rup-rup kv ku5c ju1th ksrsnabayr`th in c5 fsw kith.
The move came two days after the World Health Organization declared the outbreak, which causes the COVID-19 disease, to be a pandemic.
Vns tusskv kv ksr n5n5 d2x rvw m22 c5 mukt`p pusl` pu11ny wecmu]]n jv jv lar 5 c5 fsw te kvjuey COVID-19 m5 thi``x jv.
The move gives the federal government access to around US$50 billion in extra funding to combat the pandemic, according to NBC News.
Vns cv kuumv pedvrsl moc jek kv yi7u t5 bathdssr5 t5 US$50 kv lu`k d]divn kv k6r ju1th fsaa, laarv Gu11th laatn5 NBC.
The proclamation specifically said "the COVID-19 outbreak in the United States constitutes a national emergency" and said the national emergency began on March 1, almost two weeks before the proclamation itself.
Cu ruac jv lar v civk 5 vn COVID-19 tusskdv k` Yunaytet Yitht22t cv te rup-ruup kv wec, k` cua jv tok l`th l`t kv paydi]k 1, kv gu11th m5 cet kv juskn5 rvw v xot jsw /kenv ben raar.
The United States Department of Health and Human Services declared the outbreak a "public health emergency" on January 31.
Vn muktp` pusl` pu11ny kvn l1t ku5c gata ran k` Yunaytet Yitht22t cuv thi`x ju1th kv fsw lar 5 ca rivk wec m5 rup-rup kv pay kvl 31.
Trump did not place the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in charge of the government's response to COVID-19, which Politico reported left some experts in disaster management disappointed.
Trump /kenv Pedvrsl emvrjvnth5 Manajvmvnt ajvnth5 (FEMA) k1m l1t kv ciaax in loc kuumv jv min tussk k` COVID-19 m22 c5 Politko in ca lar jv b11ny raar kv naath tin x`c du]]r kv yu]p rik` lscdivn jak` ji`k.
Politico quoted Tim Manning, formerly a deputy administrator at FEMA, as saying "FEMA has an important role in coordinating the larger response to the crisis" and "[i]f there's an emergency, FEMA needs to be involved."
Cu Politiko jv lar 5 c5 Tim Mannix, ku``r in rvwdv m22 nhiam k` FEMA jv lar 5 FEMA t22 kv lu1x m5 d55t rvi r7m` civxn5 tin lusc kv rivk m5 c5 tussk k` [m5] t22 kv m5 rup-rup FEMA derv l`t th5n.
Trump made the decision under provisions of the National Emergencies Act, amongst other governing authorities.
Cu Trump c1r k11m raar kv rvi xutn5 tin nax rs kv rik tin ru]p-ru]]p, cuv nyin lu`x` k]kivn p`l.
The Trump administration also announced other efforts in response to COVID-19, including waiving the interest it collects on federal student loans and increasing U.S. strategic oil reserve oil purchases.
Kuumv Trump b` cuv jv lar 5 dup k]kivn tin dee nyieeny kv naath kv COVID-19 cet kv g6r nh6k nath kv in cv n66x k` d2n gan du22lg]r` k` P2dvrsl kv r2p k` c``p t]w` j`th` kvn kskdv.
World Health Organization declares COVID-19 pandemic
Mukt`p pusl` pu11ny wec mu]]n in d55t cuv jv lar 5 COVID-19 cv fsw thi`x
On Wednesday, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the ongoing outbreak of COVID-19 — the disease caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 — to be a pandemic.
Kv c`x k` di]k, cu mukt`p pusl pu11ny in d55t w55 mu]]n (WHO) jv lar 5 kithdv fsaa vn Juey COVID-19 n77xv ksrsnabayr`th SARS-CoV-2 v bv fsw thi`x.
Although the word "pandemic" only refers to how widely a disease has spread, not how dangerous specific cases are, the WHO noted the need to drive governments to action:
C`x min vn juey fsaa cuxv kv du]]p in coth juey rvi fsaa k`rsa, v /c5 ms a pek ji``k`dv k` naath vn WHO cuv du]]p in g77r kuumv min derv l1t kv jv xun:
"All countries can still change the course of this pandemic.
W55 diaal w55 mu]]n xotv dee kvn c`p in lvl jv g6r.
If countries detect, test, treat, isolate, trace and mobilize their people in the response," said Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the Director-General of the WHO.
M5 c5 kvn w55 jv jek, ca jv tom, ca jv nvn k` ca nvvykivn l1r l``r kv min tussk, laarv Tedroth Adhanom Gvbr2y2thuuth, ku``r WHO in d55t.