atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
Acute cardiac injury was found in 12% of infected people admitted in hospital in Wuhan, China, and is more frequent in severe disease.
Cua b0c lsaac m5 d55t jek k` 12% nath tic cv k`p t5 ca n66x du22lwal rvi Wuhan, China, k` jvn xuan locdv krs k` juey m5 d55t.
Rates of cardiovascular symptoms is high, owing to the systemic inflammatory response and immune system disorders during disease progression, but acute myocardial injury may also be related to ACE2 receptors in the heart.
Pek nyuuthn5 c`p` lsaac la d5t kv, kv ku5c kvc` pu]t` c`p` lsaac kvn nyussn civvx` c`p` bum` pu11ny kv gu11th ju1th, duxdv f66 rup-ruup bvc` may6cardial la tusskv k` thi22pn5 ACE2 lsaac b`.
ACE2 receptors are highly expressed in the heart and are involved in heart function.
Thi22pn5 ACE2 la jsckv vl]x rvi lsaac k` la te kv tet kv l1t lsaac.
A high incidence of thrombosis (31%) and venous thromboembolism (25%) have been found in ICU patients with COVID-19 infections and may be related to poor prognosis.Autopsies of people who died of COVID-19 have found diffuse alveolar damage (DAD), and lymphocyte-containing inflammatory infiltrates within the lung.
Thsrsboth5th m5 d55t kvl m5 la tussk (13%) kvn ben6th thsrsmboembsl5dh5m (25) cua kv jek k` ICU gu1n ju1th luex` COVID-19 k` d]x dee kv thil yoop` m5 gsaa. Th2m ksr lieth `k naath tin c5 l5w kv COVID-19 ca jek t22 kv d`k albislsr (DAD), kvn lipsthaat mi te rvidv kv pu]t piny pu]]th.
Although SARS-COV-2 has a tropism for ACE2-expressing epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, patients with severe COVID-19 have symptoms of systemic hyperinflammation.
C`x min te SARS-CoV-2 kv tsrsp5dh5m kv ACE2 mi jak pith5lial th0l l55k`, j5 ju1th tin cv moc COVID-19 m5 d55t la te kvn kv nyuuthn5 c`p` haypvryinpvlvmacin.
In particular, pathogenic GM-CSF-secreting T-cells were shown to correlate with the recruitment of inflammatory IL-6-secreting monocytes and severe lung pathology in COVID-19 patients.
V civk, pathsjvnik GM-CSF in g77r T th0l5 cua kv nyoth we kv kvvl kv thu]l pu]tn5 IL-6 tin cak msnsthaat kvn pathslsj5 k` gu1n ju1th COVID-19.
Lymphocytic infiltrates have also been reported at autopsy.
Limpsthaytik kv cotdv cv jv jek b` kv rvi th2m kv ksr lieth.
The WHO has published several testing protocols for the disease.
WHO cv wargakn5 du]p th2m t5 nyin xuan k1m raar kv ku5c ju1th.
The standard method of testing is real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR).
Du]]p th2m in gsaa v f66 d22 jv gax v xot payv tussk kv riet xvvny` tu1n5thk5r5pcin psl5mvr`th (Rrt-pcr).
The test is typically done on respiratory samples obtained by a nasopharyngeal swab; however, a nasal swab or sputum sample may also be used.
Vn th2ms la l2t jv k` tin k1n kv li``ktin jek kv kv nathsparinyjiaal yithwab; kuvl la f66 yithwab wu]m kiv thuny dee naath l`t kv jv b`.
Results are generally available within a few hours to two days.
Min ca jek la malv b22 raar kv rvi thaakn5 v we k` n5n rvw.
Blood tests can be used, but these require two blood samples taken two weeks apart and the results have little immediate value.
Th2m rivm v kvl m5 d22 l1t,duxdv f66 th2m m5 k1n kv rivm kv juskn 5d1x rvw kvn min bv ben nyoth n1n kamkivn.
Chinese scientists were able to isolate a strain of the coronavirus and publish the genetic sequence so laboratories across the world could independently develop polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests to detect infection by the virus.
Taanyt5thn5 China cu kvn v lu`x vn f66 y11y ksrsbabayr`th nvn k` cua wargak k1m raar kv dup tin guur kvn kv ins b` lab w55 mu]]n kvvliw dee kvn psl5vr`th l1t gu1thn5kivn g66l5 v ba luex bayr`th vmv jek.
As of 4 April 2020, antibody tests (which may detect active infections and whether a person had been infected in the past) were in development, but not yet widely used.
Kv 4 pay xuaan 2020,th22m anitbody (mi dee luex m5 tek nvn kvn f66 ca rran ksx luvx) kvn v th5n l1t kv kv t`mv, duxdv f66 xot kv /k1n l1t kv kv n5 tok vl]x.
The Chinese experience with testing has shown the accuracy is only 60 to 70%.
J1ny x`c` China the du]]p th2m cvnyooth 5 cvgsaa kv pek m5 60 v we k` 70 k`r].
The FDA in the United States approved the first point-of-care test on 21 March 2020 for use at the end of that month.Diagnostic guidelines released by Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University suggested methods for detecting infections based upon clinical features and epidemiological risk.
Vn FDA k` Yuunaytvt Yitht22t cv k1th in nhiam kuex piny kv ciaax tiit` th2m kv 21 pay di]k 2020 kv l1t kv guut path. Dup th2m t22 c5 ben raar du22lwal Xhongnan k` Wuhan Yunib7thvt5 nyooth kvn k11th kv jek luex` kv ciaax l1t du22lwal kvn rik ep5d5mi6lsj5ksl.
Bilateral multilobar ground-glass opacities with a peripheral, asymmetric and posterior distribution are common in early infection.
Dup rvw k` m`lt5lsbar kv n22n spthvtivth in te piny kv tin n1n, ath5m5tirik kvn d``kn5 psthtvrivvr la xuan kv kv tuk luex`.
Subpleural dominance, crazy paving (lobular septal thickening with variable alveolar filling), and consolidation may appear as the disease progresses.
Th1xp5lupvral kv d5tdv, min b66th nyieth (labsrlsr svptsl d2lv kvn thi11x albsrsl), kvvl kv mat k00l dee kv jsc min we juey kv m5 reepv rs.
Few data are available about microscopic lesions and the pathophysiology of COVID-19.
L``r5 t5 tst v th5n kv ku5c mayksrsssthkspik` kvn jvn pathslsp5thislsj5 COVID-19.
The main pathological findings at autopsy are:
Tin nhiam tin la jekv kv pathslsj5ksl kv th2m kv ksr lieth kvn tin:
Macroscopy: pleurisy, pericarditis, lung consolidation and pulmonary oedema
Maksrssthksp5: p5lur5tth5, pvrkardit5th, mat pu]]th kvn pulm5nvvr5 oyedvma.
Four types of severity of viral pneumonia can be observed:
Xuaan k` d55t pneumonia bayrsl ca kv nvn:
mild pneumonia: pulmonary oedema, pneumocyte hyperplasia, large atypical pneumocytes, interstitial inflammation with lymphocytic infiltration and multinucleated giant cell formation
Pneumonia m5 tst: pulm5nvvr5 oyedvma, pneumothaat haypvrp5l11thma, atayp5ksl pneumothaat m5 d55t, pu]t r0cs kvvl kv cot lampsthaaytik kvn tuk th0l5 kv r] m5 lvm kv gu1th
severe pneumonia: diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) with diffuse alveolar exudates.
Pneumonia m5 d55t: thi1x d`k` m5 d55t kv albislsl (DAD) kv thi1x albislsr ekthdvt.
DAD is the cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and severe hypoxemia.
DAD v jvn tuk nyuuth` ju1th l55k` (ARDS) kvn haypvrskthvmiya.
healing pneumonia: organisation of exudates in alveolar cavities and pulmonary interstitial fibrosis
Pneumonia in we thu]k: rial ekthudvtn5 kv rs k` rvi r``l albislsr kvn pulm5nvvr5 yintvri5tht5cial payb5rsstht5th
Blood: disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC); leukoerythroblastic reaction
Rivm: tuk x`c` lit` rvi bathkulsr (DIC); k0c leukyer5thsrsb5lathtik
Preventive measures to reduce the chances of infection include staying at home, avoiding crowded places, washing hands with soap and water often and for at least 20 seconds, practising good respiratory hygiene and avoiding touching the eyes, nose or mouth with unwashed hands.
Dup g1x tin xook bax luex` kvn kv kvn f66 nyur5 ciex, p`l gu1th tin c5 thi11x kv naath, l1k tetn5 kv thaabuuny kvn p5w ciax kv ku00n thaakn5 kiv thvkvn5 t5 20, c1p l1t m5 b5 li``k jak` mal kvn f66 /c5 waxdu b5 gu22r kv tetdu, wumdu kiv thokdu kv tet t5 /ker5 lak.
The CDC recommends covering the mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing and recommends using the inside of the elbow if no tissue is available.
Vn CDC cv jv lar 5 kum wumdu kvn thokdu kv wargak gu11th in kivl5 kiv thiam5 k` laarv jv 5 der5 jv kum b` kv d]x c5l`du m5 thilv wargak m5 thi1k.
Proper hand hygiene after any cough or sneeze is encouraged.
Jak tet` k` pusth kv ksr k` min c5 thiam kiv c5 kivl lotv rs.
The CDC has recommended the use of cloth face coverings in public settings, in part to limit transmission by asymptomatic individuals.Social distancing strategies aim to reduce contact of infected persons with large groups by closing schools and workplaces, restricting travel and cancelling large public gatherings.
Vn CDC laarv jv 5 l`th biey nhiam kaan ran kv kumdu kv rs rvi nath t5 xuan, kv ku5c kvl kv f66 m5 d6p ju1th jak` kuiy j5n ran thil nyuuthn5. C11p n]]n` nath kv rs lustdivn f66 b6 gueer nath kv rs dak kv naath tin cv moc juey kv bun kv g1k du2l5g]r` kvn gu1th l`tn5, k`p cu]x j`l5 kvn xu]k k` f66 b6 naath rs du]]l v xuan.
Distancing guidelines also include that people stay at least 6 feet (1.8 m) apart.
N]]n nath kv rs lotv n5 f66 b5 naath cu]x kv kam t5 te kv k11th ci6k` d1x b1kvl 6 (1.8 m).
There is no medication known to be effective at preventing COVID-19.As a vaccine is not expected until 2021 at the earliest, a key part of managing COVID-19 is trying to decrease the epidemic peak, known as "flattening the curve".
Thilv w`l t`mv m5 ca x1c5 dee jv ku lu`x kiv gax vn COVID-19. Kv f66 thilv w`l m5 guvc kv 5 ben am`n5 2021 kv p0th, min nhiam in ba yop COVID-19 v f]n k` f66 ba jv jak` /cv fsw thi`x, min csal 5 “carpiny j1l“.
The CDC also recommends that individuals wash hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after going to the toilet or when hands are visibly dirty, before eating and after blowing one's nose, coughing or sneezing.
Vn CDC b` laarv jv 5 b5 raan tetkv a laak kv thaabuuny kvn p5w kv ku00n thaak` t5 20, kv ksr ben`du raar du22l coown5 kiv m5 cv jssc 5 c5 tet lsth, v xot /ker5 n5 m5th kv ksr thuny` wu]m, ksr kil` kiv thiam.
It further recommends using an alcohol-based hand sanitiser with at least 60% alcohol, but only when soap and water are not readily available.For areas where commercial hand sanitisers are not readily available, the WHO provides two formulations for local production.
Jvn b` laarv jv 5 dee raan te kv alksl l1k tetn5 min la n`k dvy ju1th min la 60%, duxdv f66 vns bv tussk kv gu11th in thilv p5w kvn thaabuuny. Kv ku5c gu1thn5 tin thilv jv th5n vn w`l l1k tetn5 nvmv, c5 WHO rvw kv ku5cdivn k1m raar kv f66 ba kv l1t.
In these formulations, the antimicrobial activity arises from ethanol or isopropanol.
K` kvn dup l1tdivn titi, vn l1t antimayksr6biaal la b22 k` ethansl kiv yithsp5rspansl.
Hydrogen peroxide is used to help eliminate bacterial spores in the alcohol; it is "not an active substance for hand antisepsis".
H1yd5rsj55n pvrskthaat la k1n jv kv f66 bv k6m bat5riaak` joc rvi alksl`, jvk /vi du]]r kvl m5 l`t v gsaa kv ku5c yoop` tetn5.
Glycerol is added as a humectant.
G5layth55rsl la mat jv th5n v la humvktan.
People are managed with supportive care, which may include fluid therapy, oxygen support, and supporting other affected vital organs.
Naath la yusp kv kv kv tiit m5 lu1kv kv th5n kvv jv, t5 dee cet kv lu`k kv law-laaw, lu`k jism sktrh5j55n, kvn lu`k d]divn kv cux pu11ny tin cv rsm t2k.
The CDC recommends that those who suspect they carry the virus wear a simple face mask.
Vn CDC cv laar 5 naath tin diiw raan f66 cv bayr`th jek v kv l`th kuum nhiam in nyun-nyun.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used to address the issue of respiratory failure, but its benefits are still under consideration.
Th7p skth5j55n kvmvmb`r1n in b`l d5tdv (ECMO) c5 naath jv gu]]r kv g1x kv tin n77x thil l1t l55k`, duxdv f66 min gsaa k` jv vl]x xotv kua lv g7r t`mv.
Personal hygiene and a healthy lifestyle and diet have been recommended to improve immunity.
Yu]p ran kv rs v la jvn kvn ciaax l`tn5 pusl` pu11ny kv mieth ca kv lar 5 reep kvn bu]m pu11ny.
Supportive treatments may be useful in those with mild symptoms at the early stage of infection.The WHO and Chinese National Health Commission have published recommendations for taking care of people who are hospitalised with COVID-19.
Dup lu1k kv ciaax tum` dee kvn gsw b` k` naath tin te kv nyuuthn5 t5 tst kv gu11th in nhiam in pay juey k1p. WHO kvn ksm55cin mukt`p pusl` pu11ny k` China ca kv c`r k1m raar kv yoop nath kv rs tin ca x]th kv COVID-19.
Intensivists and pulmonologists in the U.S. have compiled treatment recommendations from various agencies into a free resource, the IBCC.
Yintvnthib5thn5 kvn pulmsnslsjthn5 kv U.S. ca l``r kv ku5c tum` ju1th xun kvn kuak t5 xuan t5 t5 ca k1m mukt11p t5 xuan, vn IBCC.
As of April 2020, there is no specific treatment for COVID-19.
Kv pay xuaan 2020, thilv du]]p tuk` kvl kv COVID-19.
For symptoms, some medical professionals recommend paracetamol (acetaminophen) over ibuprofen for first-line use.
kv ku5c nyuuthn5, th11x k5mn5 laar kvnv 5 paracvtaamool (athvtamaynspvvn) gssa n5 jvn aybupsrspvvn kv gu11th in nhiam.
Precautions must be taken to minimise the risk of virus transmission, especially in healthcare settings when performing procedures that can generate aerosols, such as intubation or hand ventilation.
Ba luek kvn tiit dhil k1n kv f66 ba rivk d6p ju1th xok, v civk, rvi gu1thn5 yoop` kv ciaax pusl` pu11ny min l`t naath tin l1t kv l`t tg5 n77x 0rsthsl, cet kv l`th dupiir` pu]]ny ran kvn th7p jsam kv tet ran.
For healthcare professionals caring for people with COVID-19, the CDC recommends placing the person in an Airborne Infection Isolation Room (AIIR) in addition to using standard precautions, contact precautions and airborne precautions.The CDC outlines the guidelines for the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the pandemic.
kv ku5c k5mn5 tin yoop naath rvi du22lwal tin te kv COVID-19, vn CDC laarv jv 5 l`th ran du22l m5 thil gu11th dee jsam juey jak` dieeth rs th5n (AIIR), kvvl kv k1n ttit` kv du]]p in thil diw, ttit kv gueer ran kvn tiit kv dieth ju1th rvi jsam. Vn CDC cv dup t]t] k1m raar kv l1t ran kv kuak tin gax raan kv rs v la jvn (PPE) kv jvn gu11th v thi`x juey fswv.
The recommended gear is: PPE gown, respirator or facemask, eye protection, and medical gloves.When available, respirators (instead of facemasks) are preferred.
Min la min ca laar v: B5y PPE, dux iyeek` kiv kuum nhiam, g``x wal, kvn kvn curap tetn5. M5 t22 th5n dux yieek` v /c5 ms a kuumnhiam gsaan5 kvn.
N95 respirators are approved for industrial settings but the FDA has authorised the masks for use under an Emergency Use Authorisation (EUA).
N95 min ms dux tieek` gssa kvn kv gu11th cvrkan5 duxdv f66 FDA cv kuum nhiam k1m lu1x kv l1t kv jv kv gu11th rikn5 tin ru]p-ru]]p (EUA).
They are designed to protect from airborne particles like dust but effectiveness against a specific biological agent is not guaranteed for off-label uses.
Ca kv l1t kv g1xdivn kv ju1th tin dieeth rs rvi jsam cet kv p1rt5ksl5 tu]]r duxdv f66 gssydivn kv ciaax teek` kvl /k1nv n5 x`th kv pek k`m raar`divn l`t.
When masks are not available, the CDC recommends using face shields or, as a last resort, homemade masks.
M5 thilv kuumn5 nhiam, c5 CDC jv lar 5 l1t kv k7t nhiam kiv, cet min jsak, kuumn5 tin tak kv ciex.
Most cases of COVID-19 are not severe enough to require mechanical ventilation or alternatives, but a percentage of cases are.
Pek m5 d55t k` COVID-19 /c5 kvn b0vdivn d5t v dee kvn c`p jsam d]divn g7r, duxdv f66 th11x perthvntvj n5 rivvr kv.
The type of respiratory support for individuals with COVID-19 related respiratory failure is being actively studied for people in hospital, with some evidence that intubation can be avoided with a high flow nasal cannula or bi-level positive airway pressure.
Vn du]]p lu1k kv ku5c l55k` k` naath tin t22 COVID-19 in cet kv thil l1t l55k` ba lotdv g6r v gsaa t`mv k` naath tin te du22lwal, nyooth th11xdv jv 5 b` cop dupiiw` p`l kv j1l maathuur` wu]m kiv thiak du]p jsam in jic rvw.
Whether either of these two leads to the same benefit for people who are critically ill is not known.
M5 cv jssc vn f66 kvl k` kvn rvw titi gssan5 jvn k` min d]x k` naath tin te kv juey m5 d55t x1c.
Some doctors prefer staying with invasive mechanical ventilation when available because this technique limits the spread of aerosol particles compared to a high flow nasal cannula.Severe cases are most common in older adults (those older than 60 years, and especially those older than 80 years).
Th11x k5mn5 nhsk kvn n5 t11 kv l`th dux` jsam in cop rvi pu]]th m5 t22 th5n kv f66 vn c1p vmv xootkv j1l puswpusswn5 jsam m5 ca wee p`11r kv jv kvn maathuur wu]m in d5t j1l ru00n5 kv jv. Pek in d55t la tusskv k` naath tin d5t (tin b``l runkivn 60, k` v civk tin b``l runkivn 80).
Many developed countries do not have enough hospital beds per capita, which limits a health system's capacity to handle a sudden spike in the number of COVID-19 cases severe enough to require hospitalisation.
W55 t5 xuan tin /ken cop thilv kv dhaxn5 t5 r7x kv pek nath, kvvl m5 xook ciaax pusl` pu11ny kv ciaax yoop` m5 c5 juey COVID-19 jssc kv t11 m5 d55t m5 dee ciaax yoop m5 d55t g6r du22lwal.
One study in China found 5% were admitted to intensive care units, 2.3% needed mechanical support of ventilation, and 1.4% died.
G6r x`c` kvl k` China cv 5% jek t5 caa ts11c gu11th in d55t tiitdv rvi du22lwal, 2.3% g77r kvn c`p lu1k m5 d55t kv jek jsam, k` 1.4% cu kv l5w.
In China, approximately 30% of people in hospital with COVID-19 are eventually admitted to ICU.
K` China, pek nath t5 cet kv 30% rvi du22lwal t5 te kv COVID-19 c5 xs11x c5 kv cop k` ICU.
Mechanical ventilation becomes more complex as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) develops in COVID-19 and oxygenation becomes increasingly difficult.
C`p th7p` jsam cv c5 rvidv xuan kv f66 Nyuuthn5 ju1th l55k` min rup-rup (ARDS) jsc kv rvi COVID-19 kv f66 ns c5 th7p jsam skth5j55n b0c.
Ventilators capable of pressure control modes and high PEEP are needed to maximise oxygen delivery while minimising the risk of ventilator-associated lung injury and pneumothorax.
Wernyin5 jsam tin te kv lu1x kv g1x thivk` kvn d5t PEEP g66rv kv kv f66 b5 kvn d5t skth5j55n` rep k` ba rivk dak` skth5j55n` xot k` pu]th tin cv moc bu]]t kv pneumonia kath.
High PEEP may not be available on older ventilators.
PEEP m5 d55td]x derv dak k` naath tin d5t rvi kuakn5 th7p` jsam.
Research into potential treatments started in January 2020, and several antiviral drugs are in clinical trials.
G6r x`c` kv ciaax gssy` tum` cv tussk kv pay kvl 2020, k` wal ti nyin xuan t`mv kv ku5c bayrsl ka rvi f]]n` du22lwal.
Remdesivir appears to be the most promising.
Rvmdvthb55r v aw`l kvl m5 guvc kv 5 dee gsaa.
Although new medications may take until 2021 to develop, several of the medications being tested are already approved for other uses or are already in advanced testing.
C`x ms vn jek w1l in thu]k bv liep am`n5 2021 kv l1ts, wal t5 xuan k]kivn t5 th22m kv t`mv ca kv x`th kv lu`xdivn kv l`t k]kivn rvi th2m in reep rs.
Antiviral medication may be tried in people with severe disease.
W`l tum` min ms antibayrsl ba jv tok kv ]n k` naath tin te kv juey m5 d55t.
The WHO recommended volunteers take part in trials of the effectiveness and safety of potential treatments.The FDA has granted temporary authorisation to convalescent plasma as an experimental treatment in cases where the person's life is seriously or immediately threatened.
Vn WHO cv lar 5 naath tin dssx lscdivn 5 ba wal titi f]n kv kv ka th5n b` kv f66 ba du]]p in thu]k in d22 tom juey cu jek. Vn FDA cvlu1x th6p kv pek m5 tst k` ksnbalvthvn p5l1thma cet kv 0kpvrimvn kv ciaax tum` k` pek civvx` min cv jssc 5 cv tek nath b0cdv d5t kiv cv thi1k kv f66 b5 b0cdv d5t.
It has not undergone the clinical studies needed to show it is safe and effective for the disease.
Jvn /kenv cooth kv du]]p g7r` x`c` min d22 nax kv jv min d22 kulv x`c f66 jvn gsaayv kv jvn juey.
In February 2020, China launched a mobile app to deal with the disease outbreak.
Kv pay rvw 2020, China cv apsl5k22cin muubaal` k1m raar kv ku5c thi`x` ju1th kv fsw.
Users are asked to enter their name and ID number.
Naath tin te kv jv la kv a thi22cv kv 5 b5 kvn nsmbsr ID n5 kivn l1th rvc.
The app is able to detect 'close contact' using surveillance data and therefore a potential risk of infection.
Jvn apsl5k22cin vms t22 kv lu1x kv f66 bv thi22k nath nvn kv l``r5 guec v thi1k k` bv rivk luex` min dee tussk nvn.
Every user can also check the status of three other users.
Ran dhilv te kv jv t22 kv lu1x b` kv f66 bv naath di]k k]kivn t5 thi1k k` te kv jvn apsl5k22cin vms guic b`.
If a potential risk is detected, the app not only recommends self-quarantine, it also alerts local health officials.Big data analytics on cellphone data, facial recognition technology, mobile phone tracking and artificial intelligence are used to track infected people and people whom they contacted in South Korea, Taiwan and Singapore.
M5 cv thi1k rik` nvn, vn apsl5k22cin /cv b5 lar n5 f66 dee raan nyuur gu11thdv k`rsa k`resaadv, jvn la l`rv jv naath tin j5 l1t gu11th pusl` pu11ny b`. Guec rvi l``r5 m5 d55t kv l``r5 th0lpussn`, xiec nhiam ran kv t0knslsj5, jek talvpoon` kvn p0vl m5 l1t kv v raan kvn jakv ran cv moc juey kvn naath tin c5 kv rs gu22r k` f66 ba kv jek k` Korea, Taiwan kvn Thixgap77r.
In March 2020, the Israeli government enabled security agencies to track mobile phone data of people supposed to have coronavirus.
Kv pat di]k 2020, kuumv Yithruvvl cv l11t jak` ba l``r5 muubaal5 nath k`p tin divw kv 5 te kv ksrsnabayr`th.
The measure was taken to enforce quarantine and protect those who may come into contact with infected citizens.
Jvn l1t kv jv vns k` f66 ba nyuur ran gu11th kvl kvn g1x nath tin d]x dee rs lv we gu22r kv ram cv moc kv jueyjv jak` thu]k.
Also in March 2020, Deutsche Telekom shared aggregated phone location data with the German federal government agency, Robert Koch Institute, in order to research and prevent the spread of the virus.
B` kv pay di]k 2020, Telvksm D1c cuv mat kv gu11th in te pussn th5n mat kvn kuumv Jvrmvn, Ajvnth5 Du22lg]r` Robvt Koc, kv ku5c g1x k` f66 /c5 juey fsw b5 thi`x.
Russia deployed facial recognition technology to detect quarantine breakers.
R11cia cuv t0knslsj5 xiec nhiam ran l1t kv f66 ba naath tin l7k nyuur gu11th kvl xic.
Italian regional health commissioner Giulio Gallera said he has been informed by mobile phone operators that "40% of people are continuing to move around anyway".
Ku``r ksm55cinvr k` Tiliaan n5 Giulio Gallera cuv jv lar 5 cca jv ji6k v naath tin jak muubaal pussn k` l`t 5 40% k` naath xot kv kv j1l.
German government conducted a 48 hours weekend hackathon with more than 42.000 participants.
Kuumv Jvrmvn cuv hakvthsn l1t kv thaakn5 t5 48 kv guutn5 kok` m5 te naath t5 42.000 th5n.
Also the president of Estonia, Kersti Kaljulaid, made a global call for creative solutions against the spread of coronavirus.
B` ku`r Ethtonia in d55t, Keritht5 Kaljulaad, cv w5c mu]]n csl kv f66 d22 th1x ksksnabayth kv fsw gax.
Individuals may experience distress from quarantine, travel restrictions, side effects of treatment or fear of the infection itself.
Naath derv kv dhil d`k kv nyuur ran gu11th kvl jvn krsa, xu]k j`l5, rik tin lvl tu]m kv n66x kiv dual kv ku5c luex` pu]nydv.
BBC quoted Rory O'Connor in saying, "Increased social isolation, loneliness, health anxiety, stress and an economic downturn are a perfect storm to harm people's mental health and wellbeing."
BBC cv jv lar 5 c5 Rory O’Connor jv lar 5 “D5t k` f66 b5 raan n1n kv naath tin k]x, ciaax k`rsa, divvw pusl`pu11ny, tu]]p xith` kvn loc iksnsmik` piny kvn v thul m5 thu]k p1ny t5 ba pusl xith` ran y1r kvn gssy civvx`.
The disease may take a mild course with few or no symptoms, resembling other common upper respiratory diseases such as the common cold.
Vn juey d]x derv jssc v kuiy kv nyuuthn5 t5 tst, v c``t kv juey nhial l55k` cet kv thony-thony`.
Mild cases typically recover within two weeks, while those with severe or critical diseases may take three to six weeks to recover.
K1p kv pek m5 tst derv j``ny kv juskn5 rvw, k` tin cv k`p kv k1p m5 d55t kiv juey m5 d55t d]x derv kv nax juskn5 di]k v we k` juskn5 b1kvl kv xs11th.
Pregnant women may be at higher risk for severe infection with COVID-19 based on data from other similar viruses, like SARS and MERS, but data for COVID-19 is lacking.In some people, COVID-19 may affect the lungs causing pneumonia.
M`n tin ru2tn5 d]x derv kv nax rvi rik` m5 d55t kv luex COVID-19 kv ciaax in c5 jssc k` l``r5 tin c5 tussk k` bayr`thn5 tin k]x tin c``t kv kv jv, cet kv SARS kvn MERS, duxdv f66 l``r kv ku5c COVID-19 thilv jv t`mv. K` th11x nath, COVID-19 derv pu]th luvx kv pneumonia.
In those most severely affected, COVID-19 may rapidly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) causing respiratory failure, septic shock or multi-organ failure.
K` th11x nath tincv luvx vl]x, COVID-19 d]x derv piith kv p0th v bv r`th k` nyuuthn5 ju1th l55k` v rup-rup (ARDS) k` jakv li``k kv thil l1t, derv raan jak` mon kiv d22 cux pu11ny t5 xuan thil l1t.
Complications associated with COVID-19 include sepsis, abnormal clotting and damage to the heart, kidneys and liver.
Rik tin k]x tin ca rs lism kvvl kv COVID-19 kv kvn thvpthith, livt rivm kvn bu]]t k` lsc, rok kvn cu1ny.
Clotting abnormalities, specifically an increase in prothrombin time, have been described in 6% of those admitted to hospital with COVID-19, while abnormal kidney function is seen in 4% of this group.
Ciaax ji``k lit` rivm, v civk xuan thaakn5 psrsthsrsmbin cuv jv lar k` 6% k` naath t5 ca ts11c du22lwal kv COVID-19, k` cua ji``k civvx` l1t rokn5 lar k` 4% k` kvn bu]n vmv.
Approximately 20-30% of people who present with COVID-19 demonstrate elevated liver enzymes (transaminases).
Pek m5 cet kv 20-30% k` naath tin c5 ben kv COVID-19nyoothv d5t endhaamk` cu1ny (tu1ntham5n`th).
According to the same report, the median time between onset of symptoms and death was ten days, with five being spent hospitalised.
K` jvn l``r v kvls, kam tuk` ju1th kvn c`x lieth kv n5n w`l, t5 dhieec rvidivn wa kv thuk du22lwal.
However, patients transferred to an ICU had a median time of seven days between hospitalisation and death.
Kuv la f66 j5 ju1th tin ca nax k` ICU cuv kv nax n5n b1rsw kam civvx` du22lwal kvn li11.
In a study of early cases, the median time from exhibiting initial symptoms to death was 14 days, with a full range of six to 41 days.
K` g6r x`c` m5 ca l1t kv gu11th 2 nhiam, kam thaakn5 kv tuk nyuuthn5 tin nhiam kvn li11 cuv la n5n w`lxuaan, kv pek m5 thi`x v k`nv k` n5n b1kvl v we k` n5n 14.
In a study by the National Health Commission (NHC) of China, men had a death rate of 2.8% while women had a death rate of 1.7%.
K` g6r x`c` m5 ca l1t v ksm55cin pusl` pu11ny wec China (NHC), wutn5 cu kv te kv pek lieth m5 2.8% k` cu m`n te kv pek lieth m5 .1.7%.
Histopathological examinations of post-mortem lung samples show diffuse alveolar damage with cellular fibromyxoid exudates in both lungs.
Them hitht6pathslsj5ksl kv ksr lieth kv min k1m kv raar rvi pu]]th nyoothv li6m bu]]tn5 albislsr thvlulsr fibsrsmaythisd ekthudvtn5 rvi pu]]th.
Viral cytopathic changes were observed in the pneumocytes.
G2r thaytopathik bayrsl` kv rs cua jv nvn rvi pneumsthaatn5.
The lung picture resembled acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Vn thurv pu]]th cuv c11t kv nyuuth ju1th l55k` min rup-rup (ARDS).
In 11.8% of the deaths reported by the National Health Commission of China, heart damage was noted by elevated levels of troponin or cardiac arrest.
K` pek m5 11.8% k` l5th t22 ca lar v ksm55cin pusl` pu11ny wec China, bu]]t lsaac n77x kv r2ptsrspsn5n kv rs kiv yieewn lsaac.
According to March data from the United States, 89% of those hospitalised had preexisting conditions.Availability of medical resources and the socioeconomics of a region may also affect mortality.
K` l``r paay di]]k k` Yun5b7thvt5 Yunaytvt Yitht2t, 89% k` naath t22 ca nax du22lwal te kvn kv ju1thkivn k]kivn n5 wen. Ciaax kv thil kuakn5 kiv t11divn th5n wecs kvn pek ri`x` wec jvn b` wee kvvl kv pek lieth.
Estimates of the mortality from the condition vary because of those regional differences, but also because of methodological difficulties.
M1r nath kv pek lieth kv ciaax in nax rs gu1cv kv f66 kvn w55 te kvn kv d``kn5 b`, duxdv f66 b` kv ku5c c`p` dupn5 tin l`t kv naath kvn bu]mdivn.
The under-counting of mild cases can cause the mortality rate to be overestimated.
Thil kuen` m5 gsaa kv pek in kuiy kv juey derv du]]p inn d22 mar pek lith jak` dueer.
However, the fact that deaths are the result of cases contracted in the past can mean the current mortality rate is underestimated.
Kuv la f66 kv thu]k, vn li11 tusskv kv f66 t22 kv naath t5 cv dhil k` kv juey kv gu11th in c5 we k` v vjn jak` li11 k` ba mar v ki`ks.
Smokers were 1.4 times more likely to have severe symptoms of COVID-19 and approximately 2.4 times more likely to require intensive care or die compared to non-smokers.Concerns have been raised about long-term sequelae of the disease.
M11th taapn5 cu kvn v 1.4 kv b1livn kv jekdivn kv nyuuthn5 COVID-19 t5 nyin d5ts k` cetv kv m5 v 2.4 vn f66 dee kvn yoop m5 d55t g7r kiv dee kv l5w m5 ca we p11r kv kv kv naath tin /c5 m`th kv tap. Cua nyin diiw` lsaac kap nhial b` kv ciaax j`ny` ju1th th5n.
The Hong Kong Hospital Authority found a drop of 20% to 30% in lung capacity in some people who recovered from the disease, and lung scans suggested organ damage.
J5 lu`x` du22lwal k` Hong Kong cua nyu0r m5 20% v we k` 30% jek rvi liu`x` pu]]th k` th11x nath t5 c5 x]]th kv juey, k` th2m pu]]th nyoothv ji``k cuux` nvms.
This may also lead to post-intensive care syndrome following recovery.
Vns jvn b` derv naath nax k` f66 ba yoop nyuuthn5 tiit` we nysk kv l1t kv ksr k` m5 c5 raan x]]th.
As of March 2020, it was unknown if past infection provides effective and long-term immunity in people who recover from the disease.
Kv pay di]k 2020, cua jv x1c 5 m5 luex 2 c5 we ben kv bu1x bum` pu11ny m5 b5 liep k` naath tin c5 x]]th.
Immunity is seen as likely, based on the behaviour of other coronaviruses, but cases in which recovery from COVID-19 have been followed by positive tests for coronavirus at a later date have been reported.
Lu1x bum` pu11ny jsscv cet kv m5 naxv r kv ciaax ksrsnabayr`thn5 tin k]x, duxdv f66 pek in c5 x]]th kv COVID-19 cv lv ben jssc b` ca kv lv nysk kv jek ksrsnabayr`th kv n5n tin jsak ca lv ben lar.
These cases are believed to be worsening of a lingering infection rather than re-infection.
Kvn ca jv guic cet xotn5 vn luex 2 wal th5n v /c5 ms a luex d]divn m5 pay tussk.
The virus is thought to be natural and have an animal origin, through spillover infection.
Vn bayr`th ca jv guic tusskv k` k` rsa rvi leyn5, cuv kulv ben tvth k` rran kv luex.
The actual origin is unknown, but by December 2019 the spread of infection was almost entirely driven by human-to-human transmission.
Vn tukdv min thu]k /ca jv x`c, duxdv f66 kv pay w`lrvw 2019 d`k luex` rvi fsaa cua jv nvn jivnv k` raan we kv raan kv d6pdv.
A study of the first 41 cases of confirmed COVID-19, published in January 2020 in The Lancet, revealed the earliest date of onset of symptoms as 1 December 2019.
G6r x`c` m22 nhiam k` pek m5 41 m5 ca x`th k` COVID-19, 2 be rasr kv pay kvl 2020 k` Lathvt, nyoothv c`x in nhiam in tussk kv nyuuthn5v la 1 k` pay w`lrvw 2019.
Official publications from the WHO reported the earliest onset of symptoms as 8 December 2019.
Wargakn5 WHO t22 c5 ben raar laar kvn v 5 tuuk nyuuth v 8 pay w`lrvw.
Several measures are commonly used to quantify mortality.
C``p t5 xuak naathv l`tdivn kv f66 baa pek lieth xok.
These numbers vary by region and over time and are influenced by the volume of testing, healthcare system quality, treatment options, time since initial outbreak and population characteristics such as age, sex and overall health.
Knv ku00n titi gu1c kv wec kvn gu11th k` knv b` nax kvn rs pek d5t` th2m, ciaax gssy` yoop` pusl` pu11ny, ciaax tum`, gu11th in tookv fsw kv thi1x kvn t11 civvx` nath cet run, wut/ciek kvn ciaax pusl` pua11ny kvvliw.
In late 2019, WHO assigned the emergency ICD-10 disease codes U07.1 for deaths from lab-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and U07.2 for deaths from clinically or epidemiologically diagnosed COVID-19 without lab-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.The death-to-case ratio reflects the number of deaths divided by the number of diagnosed cases within a given time interval.
Kv guut 2019, cu WHO juey moc ICD-10 kv p0th kv ksst U07.1 kv ku5 naath tinc5 l5w k` lab t5 nyooth f66 luex SARS-CoV-2 kvn U07.2 kv ku5c lieth du22lwal kvn COVID-19 in ca nvn epid5mslsj5ksl5 v thil lab k` nyooth luex SARS-CoV-2. Vn rvci66 li`th v we k` pek in ca x`th nyoothv ku00n lieth t5 ca d``k` pek nath tinca thvm kv pek thaakn5 t5 ca kuex piny.
Based on Johns Hopkins University statistics, the global death-to-case ratio is 6.9% (153,822/2,240,191) as of 17 April 2020.
Kv yithtat5thtic Yunib7thvt5 Johnhopkinith, pek li1th w55 mu]]n v we k` rvci66 nath tin ca x`th v 6.9% (153,822/2,240,191) kv gu11th pay xuaan 17, 2020.
The number varies by region.Other measures include the case fatality rate (CFR), which reflects the percent of diagnosed individuals who die from a disease, and the infection fatality rate (IFR), which reflects the percent of infected individuals (diagnosed and undiagnosed) who die from a disease.
Vn pekdivn kuv gu`c k` w55. Th22mn5 k]kivn kv pek lieth (CFR), m5 nyooth pvrthn in ca thvm tin c5 l5w kv jvn juey kvn pek lieth kv jvn luex (IFR), min nyoothpvrthvn nath tin (ca thvm kvn tin /k1n thvm) tin c5 l5w kv jvn juey.
These statistics are not time bound and follow a specific population from infection through case resolution.
Kvn yithtat5thtik /c5 kv rs nax kv gu11th thaakn5 k` /ca guurn5 du]]p kvl k` naath tin th0m kv luex kvn t11 in dee thuk vn peks tussks.
While not all infected people develop antibodies, the presence of antibodies may provide information about how many people have been infected.
C`x min /c5 kv kvn naath diaal tin cv moc juey la te kv antibodyn5 ma, t11 antibodyn5 th5n derv naath moc l``r kv pek in c5 luex ju1th jek.
In the epicentre of the outbreak in Italy, Castiglione d'Adda, a small village of 4600, 80 (1.7%) are already dead.
Rvi ep5thvntvr` k` T5liaan, Kath5gslisn d’Adda, wec m5 tst m5 te kv naath t5 4600,80, (1.7%) cu kv l5w.
In Gangelt, the disease was spread by Carnival festivals, and spread to younger people, causing a relatively lower mortality, and not all COVID-19 deaths may have been formally classified as such.
K` Gaxgvlt, vn juey cua jv thi`x naath v b11l karnibal, `k cuv xu0tn5 k`p, kv ku5c vms cu li11dv ku00, k` /kenv a kvn naath diaal t22 c5 COVID-19 cua li11divn lar cet vns ts.
Furthermore, the German health system has not been overwhelmed.
V we nhiam v lvm, mukt`p pusl` pu11ny Jvrmvn /kenv jv tiam.
In the Netherlands, about 3% may have antibodies, as assessed from blood donors.
K` Netherlandith, pek m5 cet kv 3% d]x te kvn kv antibodyn5 cet kv min ca nvn k` ram th7p rivm.
69 (0.004% of the population) have been confirmed to have died from COVID-19.
(Pek nath mi 69 0.004% cua jv x`th c5 kv l5` kv COVID-19.
The impact of the pandemic and its mortality rate are different for men and women.
Vn ji``k ju1th fsaa kvn liethdv kvvl te kvn kv d``k k` wutn5 kvn m`n.
Mortality is higher in men in studies conducted in China and Italy.
Li11 d5tv k` wutn5 rvi g7r` x`c` m5 ca l1t k` China kvn T5liaan.
The highest risk for men is in their 50s, with the gap between men and women closing only at 90.
Gu11th d5t rivk th5n kv wutn5 kv tin te kv run t5 jivn 50, kv d``k kam` wunt5 kvn m`n m5 p``r thi1kdv kv 90.
In China, the death rate was 2.8 percent for men and 1.7 percent for women.
K` China, pek lieth v 2.8 pvrthvn k` wutn5 k` v 1.7 pvrthvn k` m`n.
The exact reasons for this sex-difference is not known, but genetic and behavioural factors could be a reason.
Min la lusk k` nvmv in thu]k kv d``k m``n kvn wutn5 /ca jv x`c, duxdv f66 jvnvtic kvn t11 civvx` d]x derv a jvn.
Sex-based immunological differences, lesser prevalence of smoking in women and men developing co-morbid conditions such as hypertension at a younger age than women could have contributed to the higher mortality in men.
D``k kam` m``n kvn wutn5 kv bu]m pu11ny, dak m1th tap` kam` wunt5 kvn m`n kv ben civvx` cet kv haypvrtvncin kiv dit rivm k` wutn5 v xot kv kv gaat k` m`n d]x t22 kv tet th5n vns jak li11 wutn5 k` d5ts.
In Europe, 57% of the infected individuals were men and 72% of those died with COVID-19 were men.
K` Yursp, 57% k` naath tin cv k`p kv juey kv wutn5 k` 72% k` tin c5 l5w kv juey COVID-19 kv wutn5.
As of April 2020, the US government is not tracking sex-related data of COVID-19 infections.
Kv pay xuaan 2020, kuumv US /kenv l``r kv d``k m``n kvn wutn5 kv ku5c nath cv moc juey COVID-19 k1n.
Research has shown that viral illnesses like Ebola, HIV, influenza and SARS affect men and women differently.
G6r x`c` cv jv nyoth 5 juey bayrsl cet ebola, HIV, yinp5luvndha kvn SARS d5t ji``kdv g66l5 kv wutn5 kvn m`n.
A higher percentage of health workers, particularly nurses, are women, and they have a higher chance of being exposed to the virus.
Pek pvrthvntvj m5 d55t k` l11t pusl` pu11ny, v civ k cet kv n``thn5 kv m`n, k` thi11xv vl]x vn f66 dee kvn juey jek.
The World Health Organization announced on 11 February 2020 that the official name of the disease would be "COVID-19".
Mukt`p pusl` pu11ny wecmu]]m in d55t cv jv lar kv 11 pay rvw 2020 5 ci6tdv min gsaa vn juey v jvn COVID-19.
WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus explained that CO stands for corona, VI for virus, D for disease, and 19 for when the outbreak was first identified: 31 December 2019.
Ku``r WHO in d55t n5 Tedroth Adhnsm Gebir22y2thuth cv jv lat 5 CO cuxv kv ksrsna, VI kv bayr`th, D kv juey, k` 19 cuxv kv gu11th 2 tvth fsaa kv juey kv n2ndv kv nhiam: 31 payw`lrvw 2019.
The name had been chosen to avoid references to a specific geographical location (e.g. China), animal species or group of people, in line with international recommendations for naming aimed at preventing stigmatisation.The virus that causes COVID-19 is named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Ci6t vmv k1m jv raar 5ns kv f66 /cv b5 ruac kv gu11th k`rsa w55 mu]]n cet kv China, kuay leyn5 kiv bu]n kvl k` naath, kv ciaax c1k ci66tn5 w55 mu[[n in ca lat kv g1x kueeth` kam d6r5. Vn bayr`th in n77x COVID-19 cua jv cu csl 5 nyuuth ju1th l55k` ksrsnabayr`th 2 (SARS-Cov-2).
The WHO additionally uses "the COVID-19 virus" and "the virus responsible for COVID-19" in public communications.
Vn WHO b` nysk la cslv jv 5 COVID-19 kiv bayr`th in n77x COVID-19 min l1tv jv naath diaal.
Both the disease and virus are commonly referred to as "coronavirus".
Kvn d1x rvw vn juey kvn bayr`th la kv a csal kv 5 ksrsnabayr`th.
During the initial outbreak in Wuhan, China, the virus and disease were commonly referred to as "coronavirus" and "Wuhan coronavirus".
Kn gu11th 2 pay tussk k` Wuhan, China, vn bayr`th kvn juey cua kv csl ksrsnabayr`th kin Wuhan ksrsnabayrt`h.
In January 2020, WHO recommended 2019-nCov and 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease as interim names for the virus and disease in accordance with 2015 guidance against using locations in disease and virus names.
Kv pay kvl 2020, cu WHO jv lar 5 d22 jv csl 5 2019-nCoV kvn 2019-n CoV Juey l55k` min rup-rup cet kv ci6t in l5p kv jv kv xut 2015 tin laar f66 /ca gu11th kvl b5 mvk kv ci6t bayr`th`.
The official names COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 were issued on 11 February 2020.
Vn ci6tdv min gsaa in thu]k n5 COVID-19 kvn SARS-CoV-2 ku kv we ben raar kv 11 pay rvw 2020.
Due to capacity limitations in the standard supply chains, some digital manufacturers are printing healthcare material such as nasal swabs and ventilator parts.
Kv ku5c dak` lu`x` kv jek ben` lu1k in luaax rs, th11x cvrkvn5 tin t``th kuak k`m kv kuak pusl` pu11ny raar t`mv cet kv yithwab wu]m kvn dupiir5 jsam.
In one example, when an Italian hospital urgently required a ventilator valve, and the supplier was unable to deliver in the timescale required, a local startup reverse-engineered and printed the required 100 valves overnight.
Rvi c``t` kvl, m22 c5 duelwa kvl k` Tiliaan dupiir5 jsam g7r kv p0th, k` thilv cvrk` lu1x kv n77xdivn kv gu11th in g6r kv, cu cvrka m5 tst rvi wec dupiir5 t5 100 k1m raar kv jvn w``rs kvls.
After the initial outbreak of COVID-19, conspiracy theories, misinformation and disinformation emerged regarding the origin, scale, prevention, treatment and other aspects of the disease and rapidly spread online.
Kv ksr tuk` COVID-19 in nhiam, cu ruaacn5 guvvr5, thil l``r` m5 gsaa kvn th7p l``r5 v ji`k cuv tussk kv ku5c gu1th in tussk juey th5n, tu]mdv kvn g1xdv kv dup ju1th k` cuv fsw thi`x kvvliw v pot.
Humans appear to be capable of spreading the virus to some other animals.
Naath pu1nykivn te kv kv lu1x kv f66 ba juey thi1x rvi fsaa v bv ley cop.
The study failed to find evidence of viral replication in pigs, ducks, and chickens.
Vn g6r x`c` pu]nydv /kenv jv lu`x kv f66 bv jv nyoth 5 juey b22 k` kundhur5, kvn manp0l00kn5.
No medications or vaccine is approved to treat the disease.
Thil w`l kiv g``x m5 ca jek 5 bv juey vmv tom.
International research on vaccines and medicines in COVID-19 are underway by government organisations, academic groups and industry researchers.
G6r x`c` w55 mu]]n kvvliw kv ku5c in g``x kvn tu]m COVID-19 kv dup t`mv k` kuumvn5, bun gs11r5 kvn gu1th g7r` x`c` yindutht5r5n5.
In March, the World Health Organization initiated the "SOLIDARITY Trial" to assess treatment effects of four existing antiviral compounds with the most promise of efficacy.
Kv pay di]k vn mukt`p pusl` pu11ny wec mu]]n cuv f]]n k00l l1t kv g6r ciaax wal tum` ju1th antibayrsl d1x xuaan ti nte th5n kv guec m5 cu dee te f]]n.
There is no available vaccine, but various agencies are actively developing vaccine candidates.
T`mv thilv w1l g1x m5 te w1ns, duxdv f66 vgvnth5n5 kan5 th5n l1t kv w1l g1x ju1th tin dee gsw.
Previous work on SARS-CoV is being utilised because SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 both use the ACE2 receptor to enter human cells.
L`t t22 nhiam kv jsk SARS-CoV c5 naath loc th5n kv f66 SARS-CoV kvn SARS-CoV-2 kvvl l`t kvn kv thieep ACE2 kv wedivn rvi th0l`.
There are three vaccination strategies being investigated.
T22 kv du] tum` d1x di]k t5 ba lustdivn g7r.
First, researchers aim to build a whole virus vaccine.
Kv nhiam, g66r x`c` b5 w1l g1x bayr`th` dhil g7r.
The use of such a virus, be it inactive or dead, aims to elicit a prompt immune response of the human body to a new infection with COVID-19.
Vn min ba l`t w`l vms, m5 bv gsaa kiv cv l5w, lustdv n5 f66 ba min la tussk k` x00ny bum` pu11ny ran nvn kv luex in pay tussk k` COVID-19.
A second strategy, subunit vaccines, aims to create a vaccine that sensitises the immune system to certain subunits of the virus.
Cet kv c`p in rvwv, th11x bun` w1x lustdv n5 f66 ba w`l d]divn b5 c`p bum` pu11ny jak` pusth kv th`` bun6 bayr`th`.
In the case of SARS-CoV-2, such research focuses on the S-spike protein that helps the virus intrude the ACE2 enzyme receptor.
Kv ku5c SARS-CoV-2, kvn dup g7r` x`c` titi cux kvn jssk protein S-spike in lu`k bayr`th kv f66 bv thieepn5 endhaam ACE2 b5m.
A third strategy is that of the nucleic acid vaccines (DNA or RNA vaccines, a novel technique for creating a vaccination).
C`p in di]]kdivn v f66 w`l nukvlik athid (DNA kiv RNA, v du]]p m5 rvl rs kv l1t w`l g1x).
Experimental vaccines from any of these strategies would have to be tested for safety and efficacy.On 16 March 2020, the first clinical trial of a vaccine started with four volunteers in Seattle.
Wal g1x fs1ndv k` kvn c11p d1x di]k titi ba kvn diaal thvm kv gssydivn. Kv 16 pay di]k 2020,cu f]]n in nhiam tussk kv ku5c w1l g1x k` naath d1x xuaan t5 ca lscdivn dsx k` Thiatvl.
The vaccine contains a harmless genetic code copied from the virus that causes the disease.Antibody dependent enhancement has been suggested as a potential challenge for vaccine development for SARS-COV-2, but this is controversial.
Vn w`l te rvidv kv jvntik ksst m5 thil m5 k1nkv k` bayr`th in la n77x juey. K``p m5 cux jssk antibody ca jv lar 5 derv gu0l kv t`th w1l kv ku5c SARS-CoV-2, duxdv f66vns xotv v xaknsm.
There are more than 300 active clinical trials underway as of April 2020.
Te f]]n5 t5 300 th5n t`mv duel5wal t5 l``t rs v tookv k` pay xuaan 2020.
Seven trials were evaluating already approved treatments for malaria, including four studies on hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine.
F]]n5 b1rsw cua tu]m mal6ria 2 ca x`th n5 wan nysk kv guec, kvvl kv g6r x`c` d1x xuaan k` haydsr66kslsrskuiin.
Repurposed antiviral drugs make up most of the Chinese research, with nine phase III trials on remdesivir across several countries due to report by the end of April.
Nysak muc` lot` antibayrsl wal k`nv gu11th m5 d55t k` g6r x`c` China, kv b1xuan t5 we kv k22r f]]n` min III k` rvmdabibir rvi w55n5 t5 nyin m5 ba lustdv lar kv guut pay xuaan.
A dynamic review of clinical development for COVID-19 vaccine and drug candidates was in place, as of April 2020.Several existing antiviral medications are being evaluated for treatment of COVID-19, including remdesivir, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir combined with interferon beta.
Nysak guec m5 xuan rvidv kv ciaax du22lwal kv ku5c wal g1x COVID-19 ja n5 th5n b`, cv tussk kv pay xuaan 2020. Wal antibayrsl t5 xuan t5 te th5n n5 wen ba kv nysk kv guec kv tu]m COVID-19, t5 rvidivn kv rvmdabithbir, kslsrskuiin, hayrsrskslsrskuiin, lspinabir/raytnabir kvn lspinabir/raytsnabir in ca mat kv intvpvrsn beta.
There is tentative evidence for efficacy by remdesivir, as of March 2020.
Du]]r kvl m5 nyooth gssy rvndvthibir ja th5n, bv tussk kv pay di]k 2020.
Clinical improvement was observed in patients treated with compassionate-use remdesivir.
Ca we gssy` civvx` wal nvn k` j5 ju1th t5 ca tom l1t gssy` rvmdvthibir.
Phase III clinical trials are being conducted in the US, China and Italy.Chloroquine, previously used to treat malaria, was studied in China in February 2020, with preliminary results.
K1th in III k` f]]n du22lwal ba jv nysk kv nax raar kv US, China kv T5liaan. Kslsrskuiin,m22 ca ksx k1n n5 wal kv ku5c tum` malsria ca jv nysk kv guec k` China kv pay rvw 2020, cvm5 tst nyu]]th.
However, there are calls for peer review of the research.
Kuv la f66 cssl naath rs kv f66 ba jv nysk kv guec kvvl kv g6r x`c`.
Korean and Chinese Health Authorities recommend the use of chloroquine.
Mukt`on5 pusl` pu11ny k` Korea kvn China ca jv lar gssa k` kslsrskuiin`.
However, the Wuhan Institute of Virology, while recommending a daily dose of one gram, notes that twice that dose is highly dangerous and could be lethal.
Kuv la f66 yinitht5t5ti66t bayrslsj5 k` Wuhan, c`x min laarv jv 5 d22 g5r1m kvl v k1n kv ciax, cv kjv lar 5 k`ndv k` rvvw derv rivk m5 d55t n66x b`.
On 28 March 2020, the FDA issued an emergency use authorisation for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine at the discretion of physicians treating people with COVID-19.The Chinese 7th edition guidelines also include interferon, ribavirin or umifenovir for use against COVID-19.
kv 28 pay di]k 2020, vn FDA cuv lu1x m5 rup-rup th6p kv ku5c haydsrskslsrskuiin kvn kslsrskuiin kv ku5c k5m mt toom naath t5 te kv COVID-19. Edicin in 7th k` Chinakv tum` b` cv intvrpvrsn, raybabirin kiv yumpvrsn lar kv ku5c COVID-19.
Preliminary data indicate that high doses of ribavirin are necessary to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro.
L``r5 t5 tst nyyoth kvn f66 d5t d66th` min k`n raanv k` raybabirin gsw kv kv nyu]thdivn kv SARSCoV-2 rvi baytvrs.
Nitazoxanide has been recommended for further in vivo study after demonstrating low concentration inhibition of SARS-CoV-2.Studies have demonstrated that initial spike protein priming by transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) is essential for entry of SARS-CoV-2 via interaction with the ACE2 receptor.
Naytadhskthanaad ca jv lar b` kv ku5c bayb6 g7r` x`c` kv ksr k` m22 cv jv nyoth 5 kuiy pek in nyooth SARS-CoV-2 rvidv. g6r x`c` ca jv nyoth vn f66 tuk protein yithpak` p5raymix v tu1n5thmvbvr1n psrst55th thvrin 1 (TMPTSS2) gsaayv kv we rvc SARS-CoV-2 kv l1tdv kvvl kvn thieepn5 ACE2.
The studies of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin have major limitations that have prevented the medical community from embracing these therapies without further study.Oseltamivir does not inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and has no known role in COVID-19 treatment.
G6r x`c` kv kslsrskuiin kvn haydsrskslskuiin kvvl kv kiv a thil adh5thsrsmayth55n t22 kv m5 tee diw m5 d55t th5n m5 jak j5 l1t wal k` f66 /ca b5 guic 5 v du]]p lu1k v thil g6r x`c` m5 ca lv ksx l1t kv ku5cdv. Sthvltvam5bir thilv jv SARS-CoV-2 bayr5s m5 nyoothv k` thilv jv lu1x rvi tum` COVID-19.
Cytokine storm can be a complication in the later stages of severe COVID-19.
K0v thayt6kin la kua rivvrv kv n5n tin jsak kv d55t COVID-19.
There is evidence that hydroxychloroquine may have anti-cytokine storm properties.Tocilizumab has been included in treatment guidelines by China's National Health Commission after a small study was completed.
T22 kv m5 nyooth jv 5 haydsrskslsrskuiin derv te kv ant-thaytskin kv x00nydv. Tsth5lidhumab cvnysk kv math th5n rvi tum` v ksmsvi mukt`p` pusl` pu11ny China kv ksr g6r` x`c` m5 tst m5 c5 thu]k.
It is undergoing a phase 2 non randomised test at the national level in Italy after showing positive results in people with severe disease.
Jvn ja wen5 kv k1th in 2 minte kv th2m in /ca y]tn5 jv th5n kv wecT5liaan kv ksr k` m22 cv jssc v gsaa k` naath c5 cv k`p v d55t kv juey.