atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
A form of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, a Phase II trial is underway with 200 patients to be recruited from severe, hospitalized cases in Denmark, Germany, and Austria to determine the effectiveness of the treatment.
Angiotensin moko oyo ekomaka enzyme 2, komeka ya Phase II ebandi na bato ya kobela 200 oyo bazali kobela makasi na lepital na Denmark, Germany na Austria mpona komona soki kisi yango ezali makasi.
Researchers from the Montreal Heart Institute in Canada are currently studying the role of colchicine in reducing inflammation and pulmonary complications in patients suffering from mild symptoms of COVID-19.
Ba etid na insitut ya Canada ya Montreal oyo emonaki mitena bazali kotanga mosala ya colchicine na kokitisa kovimba mpe bacomplication ya kopema na bato oyo bazalali na basymptomi moke na COVID-19.
The study, named COLCORONA, is recruiting 6000 adults aged 40 and over who were diagnosed with COVID-19 and experience mild symptoms not requiring hospitalization.
Etid, oyo babengi COLCORONA, ezali na bankombo ya bato 6000 bambula 40 emati oyo bamonaki na COVID-19 mpe bazalaki na basymptomi moke oyo esengaki te bakota lepital.
Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding or who do not have an effective contraceptive method are not eligible.
Basi oyo bazali na zemi to bazali komelisa mwana mabele to bazali na bakisi ya malamu ya kopekisa zemi te bakoki kokota te.
Several anticoagulants are being tested in Italy.
Baanticoagulants mingi bazali kososola yango na ekzame na Italie.
Low-molecular-weight heparin is being widely used to treat patients, prompting the Italian Medicines Agency to publish guidelines on its use.
Kilo ya molecule ya nse ezali kosalema mingi mpona kosalisa bato ya maladi, etindi Agence ya bakisi ya Italie ekoma batoli ya kosalela yango.
A multicenter study on 300 patients researching the use of enoxaparin sodium at prophylaxis and therapeutic dosages was announced in Italy on April 14.
Etid na bato ya kobela 300 oyo bazalaki komona mosala ya enoxaparin sodium na prophylaxis mpe na dose na yango ebandaki na Italie na sanza ya minei mokolo ya 14.
Since SARS-CoV-2 is a virus, considerable scientific attention has been focused on repurposing approved anti-viral drugs that were developed for prior outbreaks such as MERS, SARS, and West Nile virus.
Lekola SARS-CoV-2 ezali virisi, ezalii kososolama makasi mpo esalema lisusu, ezali bakisi oyo basalelaki ntango ya pandemi ya MERS, SARS na virisi ya West Nile.
Ribavirin: ribavirin was recommended for COVID-19 treatment according to Chinese 7th edition guidelines
Ribavirin: ribavirin ezali malamu mpona COVID-19 nsima ya toli ya 7 ya Chine
Umifenovir: umifenovir was recommended for COVID-19 treatment according to Chinese 7th edition guidelines
Umefenovir: Umifenovir ezali malamu mpona COVID-19 nsima ya toli ya 7 ya Chine
Some antibiotics that have been identified as potentially repurposable as COVID-19 treatments:
Bakisi misusu mpe emonani malamu mpona kosalisa COVID-19:
Tocilizumab (Anti-IL-6 receptor): Approved by China.
Tocilizumab (Anti-IL-6 receptor): Endimami na Chine.
Also trials in Italy and China. and see Tocilizumab#COVID-19.
Mpe komeka na Italie na Chine. Mpe mona Tocilizumab#COVID-19.
It is unclear yet whether conditions arising during pregnancy including diabetes, cardiac failure, hypercoagulability or hypertension might represent additional risk factors for pregnant people as they do for nonpregnant people.From the limited data available, vertical transmission during the third trimester probably does not occur, or only occurs very rarely.
Eyebani te soki makambo oyo ezali koyaka ntango ya zemi lekola diabete, maladi ya motema, makili ya kokangama to tension ekoki kozala na barisk mpona basi ya zemi kasi te na ba oyo bazali na zemi te.
There is no data yet on early pregnancy.
Etid ezali te mpona ebandeli ya zemi.
Little evidence exists to permit any solid conclusions about the nature of COVID-19 infection in pregnancy.
Moke eyebani mpona koloba ndenge nini maladi ya COVID-19 ekosala kati na basi ya zemi.
A case series of 43 women from New York who tested positive for COVID-19 showed similar patterns to non-pregnant adults: 86% had mild disease, 9.3% had severe disease and 4.7% developed critical disease.
Etid na basi 43 na New York oyo bazalaki na COVID-19 elakisi na bato ya mikolo oyo bazalaki na zemi: 86% bazalaki na maladi moke, 9.3% esimbaki bango makasi mpe 4.7% etumbolamaki makasi koleka.
Fetal distress was reported in two.
Mibale epesaki bango mawa makasi.
None of the women developed severe COVID-19 pneumonia or died.
Ata moko te na bango akomaki na pneumonia ya COVID-19 ya makasi to akufaki.
All of them had live birth pregnancies and no severe neonatal asphyxia was observed.
Bango nyonso babotaki na nzela ya kobota malamu.
The samples of breast milk, amniotic fluid, cord blood and neonatal throat swab were tested for SARS-CoV-2, and all results were negative.In another study on 15 pregnant women, majority of the patients presented with fever and cough, while laboratory tests yielded lymphocytopenia in 12 patients.
Mayi ya mabele, mayi ya amniotic, makila ya nsinga mpe mayi ya kati ya mongongo bamonaki soki ezalaki na SARS-CoV-2, kasi ata moko te ezalaki na yango, Na etid mosusu na basi ya zemi 15, mingi bayaki na kosukosu na fefele, mpe baekzame ya laboratoire emonaki lymphocytopenia kati na bato 12.
Computed tomography findings of these patients were consistent with previous reports of non-pregnant patients, consisting of ground-glass opacities at early stage.
Makambo oyo elakisaki ezalaki elongo moko na bato oyo bazalaki na zemi te, ezalaki na baopacite na ebandeli.
Follow-up images after delivery showed no progression of pneumonia.Media reports indicate that over 100 women with COVID-19 might have delivered, and in March 2020, no maternal deaths were reported.
Bilili oyo elandi elakisi pusa ya pneumonia te. Barapor ya basango kati na basi 100 na COVID-19 oyo ya sanza ya misato 2020, moko te akufaki na kobota.
Their guidelines thus advise that any pregnant person admitted to hospital with a COVID-19 infection should receive at least 10 days of prophylactic low-molecular-weight heparin after being discharged from the hospital.
Batoli na bango esengaki mwasi ya zemi nyonso oyo akoti lepital na COVID-19 esengeli amela prophylaction heparin nsima ya kobima lepital mpona mikolo 10.
There are no data yet concerning the implications of COVID-19 infections for labour.
Baetid ezali te mpona kosolola nini COVID-19 ezali kosala na kobota.
One infant girl born to a mother with COVID-19 had elevated IgM levels two hours after birth, suggesting that she had been infected in utero and supporting the possibility of vertical transmission in some cases.
Mwana moko ya mwasi oyo abotamaki na mama oyo azalaki na COVID-19 azalaki na IgM ebele ba ngonga mibale nsima ya kobota, koloba ete apesaki mwana na libumu maladi.
A small study involving 6 confirmed COVID-19 mothers showed no indication of SARS-COV-19 in their newborns' throats or serum but antibodies were present in neonatal blood sera samples, including IgM in two of the infants.
Etid moko oyo ya bamama 6 na COVID-19 elakisaki te SARS-COV-19 na mingongo ya bana na bango to nsumba, mpe IgM mingi na bana mibale.
This is not usually passed from mother to fetus so further research is required to know whether the virus crossed the placenta or whether placentas of women in the study were damaged or abnormal.
Oyo elekaka te mama na mwana esengeli etid mosusu esalema mpona koyeba soki virisi eleki placenta to baplacenta ya basi etobolaki to ezalaki mabe.
Since COVID-19 shows similarities to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, it is likely that their effect on pregnancy are similar.
Lekola COVID-19 ezali keloko SARS-CoV mpe MERS-CoV ekoki koloba ete ndenge bazali kosala na zemi ezali ndenge moko.
Four of seven had first trimester miscarriage, two of five had fetal growth restriction in the second trimester, and four of five had preterm birth.
Minei na nsambo zemi ebimaki na baposo ya liboso, mibale kati na mitano zemi azalaki kokola noki te na trimester ya mibale, mpe minei na mitano babotaki liboso ya mikolo.
None of the newborns were infected with SARS-CoV.
Ata mwana moko te azalaki na SARS-CoV.
A report of ten cases of MERS- CoV infection in pregnancy in Saudi Arabia showed that the clinical presentation is variable, from mild to severe infection.
Rapor ya bato zomi na MERS- CoV na zemi na Saudi Arabie elakisaki ete ezali kosala ndenge moko te soki maladi ezali ya pete to ya makasi.
The outcome was favorable in a majority of the cases, but the infant death rate was 27%.A recent review suggested that COVID-19 appeared to be less lethal to mothers and infants than SARS and MERS but that there may be an increased risk of preterm birth after 28 weeks' gestation.
Baresulta ezalaki mabe te na basi mingi, kasi kufa ya bana ezalaki 27%. Etid ya sika elakisi ete COVID-19 ezali mabe makasi mingi te na bamama na bana koleka SARS na MERS kasi kobota liboso ya mikolo ezali kosalema mingi na ba poso 28.
The World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the United States advises pregnant women to do the same things as the general public to avoid infection, such as covering cough, avoid interacting with sick people, cleaning hands with soap and water or sanitizer.
Organisation Mondial ya Sante mpe esika ya kolandela mpe kopekisa bamaladi na Etats Unis elobi na basi ya zemi basala makambo moko na bato nyonso, lekola kozipa soki bazali kokosola, kozala na bato ya maladi te, kosoka maboko na sabuni mpe kisi ya koboma mikrobe.
A survey conducted in Shanghai among pregnant women in different trimesters of pregnancy identified a strong demand for online access to health information and services.
Survey moko na Shangai kati na basi ya zemi na batrimeste mingi elakisi ete mposa ya lisungi ya kolongono na nzela internet ezali makasi.
People expecting their first baby were more willing to have online consultation and guidance than who had previously given birth.The RCOG and RCM recommend that in-person appointments be deferred by 7 days after the start of symptoms of COVID-19 or 14 days if another person in the household has symptoms.
Bato oyo bazali kobota mwana na bango ya liboso basepelaki komona monganga na internet koleka ba oyo babota lioso. RCOG na RCM balobi ete banganga bamona basi ya zemi nsima ya mikolo 7 nsima ya ebandeli ya basymptomi ya COVID19 to mikolo 14 soki moto mosusu na ndako azali na basymptomi.
Fever subsequently developed in three asymptomatic patients.
Fefele ebandaki na bato misato oyo basalaki na basymptomi te.
One patient who had tested negative subsequently became symptomatic postpartum and tested positive three days after the initial negative test.
Moto moko oyo azalaki negative nsima ya kobota, mikolo misato oyo elandaki akomaki positive kasi azalaki na basymptomi te.
The doctors conducting the screening recommended that in order to reduce infection and allocate PPE, due to high numbers of patients presenting as asymptomatic, universal screening of pregnant patients should be conducted.
Banganga oyo bazalaki kosunga ye balobaki mpona kokitisa maladi etambola mpe na ba PPE, mpona bato mingi oyo bazali na basymptomi te, esengeli ekzame mpona basi ya zemi esalema ntango nyonso.
They also suggest that people with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 should have continuous electronic fetal monitoring.
Mpe balobi ete bato oyo bakoki kozala to ba oyo bazali na COVID-19 esengeli balandela bango.
The use of birthing pools is not recommended for suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19 due to the risk of infection via faeces.
Kobota na kati ya mayi ezali malamu te mpona ba oyo bakoki kozala to bazali na COVID-19 mpo risk ya maladi ezali molayi na tufi.
In the UK, official recommendations state that precautionary separation of a mother and a healthy baby should not be undertaken lightly and that they should be kept together in the postpartum period where neonatal care is not required.Literature from China recommended separation of infected mothers from babies for 14 days.
Na UK, gouvernema epesi toli ete kokabola mama na mwana esalema pamba te batika bango esika moto ata nsima ya kobota esika kokipe mwana esengeli. Bamanuskri na Chine esengi bakabola bamama ya maladi na bana mpona mikolo 14.
In the US there is also the recommendation that newborns and mothers should be temporarily separated until transmission-based precautions are discontinued, and that where this is not possible the newborn should be kept 2 metres away from the mother.
Na US mpe balobi esengeli bakabola mwana na mama ti mosala ya kopekisa maladi etambola esalemi, mpe soki oyo ekoki kosalema te, mwana afanda mosika na mama na ye na 2 metele.
b'COVID-19 surveillance involves monitoring the spread of the coronavirus disease in order to establish the patterns of disease progression.
Kokengela b’COVID-19 ezali kososola kopalangana ya maladi ya coronavirisi mpona komona ndenge nini maladi ezali kopusa.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends active surveillance, with focus of case finding, testing and contact tracing in all transmission scenarios.
Organisation Mondiale ya Sante esengi kokengela ya pene, kati ya koluka bato ya malad, kosala ekzame mpe kolandela na bisika nyonso.
COVID-19 surveillance is expected to monitor epidemiological trends, rapidly detect new cases, and based on this information, provide epidemiological information to conduct risk assessment and guide disease preparedness.
Kokengela ya COVID-19 ezali mpona kolandela pandemi, koyeba noki bato oyo bazali na maladi, mpe na oyo eyebani kosalisa eyano ya pandemi koyeba barisk mpe kobongisama.
Syndromic surveillance is done based on the symptoms of an individual that corresponds to COVID-19.
Kokengela ya syndromic ezali kosalema nsima ya basymptmi oyo ezali lekola ya COVID-19.
As of March 2020, the WHO recommends the following case definitions:
Na sanza ya misato 2020, OMS epesi definition ya ba oyo:
Probable case : "A suspect case for whom testing for the COVID-19 virus is inconclusive" OR "a suspect case for whom testing could not be performed for any reason".
Oyo ekoki kozala : ‘’Moto oyo akoki kozala na maladi mpe ekzame ya virisi ya COVID-19 elakisi malamu te’’ TO ‘’moto oyo akoki kozala na maladi kasi akokaki kosala ekzame te’’.
Confirmed case: "A person with laboratory confirmation of COVID-19 infection, irrespective of clinical signs and symptoms".
Moto oyo azali kobela: ‘’Moto oyo ekzame ya laboratoire emoni COVID-19, etali basymptomi te to makambo misusu’’.
Direct physical contact with a probable or confirmed case;
pene na nzoto na moto oyo akoki to azali na maladi;
Direct care for a patient with probable or confirmed COVID-19 disease without using proper personal protective equipment;
Kosalisa moto oyo azali kobela na COVID-19 na kozanga kobatela nzoto;
Other situations as indicated by local risk assessments".WHO recommends reporting of probable and confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection within 48 hours of identification.
Misusu elobami na bakonzi ya risk’’. OMS epesi toli bayebisa ba oyo bakoki kozala na COVID-19 bangonga 48 te eleka.
The countries should report on a case-by-case basis as far as possible, but in case of limitation in resources, aggregate weekly reporting is also possible.
Esengeli bamboka bareporte mpona moto na moto soki bakoki, kasi soki bakoki te, kasi bapesa barapor poso nyonso.
Some organizations have created crowdsourced apps for syndromic surveillance, where people can report their symptoms to help researchers map areas with concentration of COVID-19 symptoms.
Ba organisations misusu bazali baapplication ya kolandela, bato bakoki kokoma basymptomi mpona kosunga bayekoli bayeba bisika oyo COVID-19 ezali makasi.
Virological surveillance is done by using molecular tests for COVID-19.
Kokengela virology ezali kosalema na kosala ekzame ya COVID-19.
WHO has published resources for laboratories on how to perform testing for COVID-19.
OMS ebimisi mikando ya ndenge esengeli balaboraroire basala ekzame ya COVID-19.
In the European Union, laboratory confirmed cases of COVID-19 are reported within 24 hours of identification.
Na Union Europeene, laboratoire emonaki bato na COVID-19 na bangonga 24.
At least 24 countries have established digital surveillance of their citizens.
Bambona 24 ezali kokengela bato na bango na nzela ya internet.
The digital surveillance technologies include apps, location data and electronic tags.
Biloko ya kokengela ezali, baapplications, koyeba esika oyo bato bazali mpe kolanda bango na internet.
The Center For Disease Control and Prevention in USA tracks the travel information of individuals using airline passenger data.
Esika ya kolandela mpe kopekisa bamaladi na US elandi banzela oyo bato baleki na kolanda tike na bango.
In Hong Kong, authorities are requiring a bracelet and an app for all travellers.
Na Hong Kong, gouvernema esengi bato balata ekomo na loboko mpe applications mpona ba oyo basali nzela.
A GPS app is used to track the locations of individuals in South Korea to ensure against quarantine breach, sending alerts to the user and to authorities if people leave designated areas.
Application moko ya GPS ezali kosalema mpona koyeba wapi bato bazali na Core ya Sud mpona babuka mibeko ya konfinema te, kotinda baalert na moto mpe na gouvernema soki moto abimi libanda ya ndako.
In Singapore, individuals have to report their locations with photographic proof.
Na Singapore, bato esengeli bayebisa esika bazali na konfinema na kokanga foto.
Thailand is using an app and SIM cards for all travelers to enforce their quarantine.
Thailand ezali kosalisa application mpe bakarte sim ya bato nyonso oyo basali nzela mpona konfinema.
Human rights organizations have criticized some of these measures, asking the governments not to use the pandemic as a cover to introduce invasive digital surveillance.
Baorganisation ya bonsomi basepeli te na ndenge makambo ezali kosalema, basengi bavougernema bazwa pandemi te mpona kokengela bato.
b'A COVID-19 vaccine is a hypothetical vaccine against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Vaccin ya b’COVID-19 ezali ya solo te mpona virisi ya 2019 (COVID-19).
Although no vaccine has completed clinical trials, there are multiple attempts in progress to develop such a vaccine.
Ata vaccin moko te eleki etap ya komeka, mosala mingi ezali kosalema mpona kosala vaccin oyo ekoleka.
In late February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) said it did not expect a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus, to become available in less than 18 months.
Na nsuka ya sanza ya mibale 2020, Organisation Mondial ya Sante (OMS) elobi bazalaki kozela vaccin ya SARS-CoV-2 te, virisi ya makambo, ezwama moke ya baposo 18.
Five vaccine candidates were in Phase I safety studies in April.
Bavaccin mitano bazalaki na phase I ya na sanza ya minei.
COVID-19 was identified in December 2019.
COVID-19 emonanaki na sanza ya zomi na mibale 2019.
A major outbreak spread around the world in 2020, leading to considerable investment and research activity to develop a vaccine.
Epanlanganaki makasi na mokili na 2020, esengaki mbongo mingi mpe baetid mpona kosala vaccin.
Many organizations are using published genomes to develop possible vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
Baorganisation mingi bazali kosalisa bagenome oyo babimisaki mpona koluka vaccin ya SARS-CoV-2.
Stated in April, imperatives of the CEPI initiative for vaccine development are speed, manufacturing capacity, deployment at scale, and global access.
Balokaki na sanza ya minei, makasi ya CEPI ya koluka vaccin ezali mbango na bango, makasi ya kosala yango na ndenge ya monene, ya kotambwisa yango bisika mingi, mpe mpona mokili ezwa yango.
In April, CEPI scientists reported that 10 different technology platforms were under research and development during early 2020 to create an effective vaccine against COVID-19.
Na sanza ya minei, bayekoli ya science ya CEPI balobaki ete ba ndenge ya technology 10 ezali kosalema na etid na ebandeli ya 2020 mpona kosala vaccin ya makasi ya kobundela COVID-19.
Major platform targets advanced into Phase I safety studies include:
Bisika mingi basibakomaki na phase I ya etid komona soki vaccin ezali malamu:
nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) (Phase I developer and vaccine candidate: Moderna, mRNA-1273)
Acid ya nucleic (DNA na RNA) (Kobongisa ya phase I mpe candida ya vaccin: Moderna, mRNA-1273)
viral vector (Phase I developer and vaccine candidate: CanSino Biologics, adenovirus type 5 vector)
ba vector ya viral (Phase I ya etid mpe candida: Biologie ya CanSino, adenovirus ya ndenge ya bavectir 5)
As reported by CEPI scientists in April, 115 total vaccine candidates are in early stages of development, with 78 confirmed as active projects (79, according to the Milken Institute), and 37 others announced, but with little public information available (presumed to be in planning or being designed).
Ndenge bayekoli ya science ya CEPI elobi na sanza ya minei, 115 ya bavaccin bazalaki na ebandeli ya kosalema na 78 endimamaki lekola baprojets (79, elobi Insitu ya Milken), mpe 37 misusu, kasi bato bayebi mingi te na makambo yango (ezali kobongisama to ezali kosalema).
A Phase I-II trial conducts preliminary safety and immunogenicity testing, is typically randomized, placebo-controlled, and at multiple sites, while determining more precise, effective doses.
Na phase I-II ya komeka bamonaka soki kisi ezali malamu mpe basalaka baekzame ya immune, esalemaka na bato ba mponami te, ba placebo ya kolandela, mpe bisika mingi, mpe koyeba, dose nini.
Phase III trials typically involve more participants, including a control group, and test effectiveness of the vaccine to prevent the disease, while monitoring for adverse effects at the optimal dose.
Phase III ya komeka ezalaka na bato mingi mpe ekip ya kolandela yango, mpe baekzame ya komona soki kisi ezali kosimba na kopekisa maladi, nyonso na kolandela mosala ya dose oyo bapesi.
Of 79 vaccine candidates in active development (confirmed as of early April 2020), 74 were not yet in human evaluation (still in "preclinical" research).
Na bavaccin 79 oyo ezali kosalema uta ebandeli ya sanza ya minei 2020), 74 bakomaki na bato te (bazalaki kaka na komeka ya etid ya ‘clinic’).
Around 24 January 2020 in Australia, the University of Queensland announced that it is investigating the potential of a molecular clamp vaccine that would genetically modify viral proteins in order to stimulate an immune reaction.
Na Australie na mokolo ya 24 sanza ya liboso 2020, Universite ya Queensland elobaki ete ezali kososola soki molecule moko ya vaccin eko sala mosala na protein viral mpona kotumbola reaction ya immune.
Around 24 January 2020 in Canada, the International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac) at the University of Saskatchewan announced the commencement of work on a vaccine, aiming to start human testing in 2021.
Na sanza ya liboso mokolo ya 24 2020 na Canada, Esika ya International ya Bavaccin (VIDO-InterVac) na universite ya Saskatchewan elobaki ete babandaki mosala ya koluka vaccin, bakoki kobanda komeka na bato na 2021.
Vaccine development projects were announced at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention on 26 January 2020, and the University of Hong Kong on 28 January.
Misala ya koluka vaccin ebandaki na Esika ya kolandela mpe kopekisa bamaladi na Chinese na mokolo ya 26 sanza ya liboso 2020, mpe na universite ya hong kong sanza ya liboso mokolo ya 28.
Around 29 January 2020, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies, led by Hanneke Schuitemaker, announced that it had begun work on developing a vaccine.
Na mokolo ya 29 sanza ya liboso 2020, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies, oyo mokonzi Hanneke Schuitemaker, balobaki ete babandaki mosala ya kosala vaccin.
Janssen is co-developing an oral vaccine with its biotechnology partner, Vaxart.
Janssen azali kosala vaccin ya komela na moninga na ye ya biotechnology, vaxart.
On 18 March 2020, Emergent BioSolutions announced a manufacturing partnership with Vaxart to develop the vaccine.
Na mokolo ya 18 sanza ya misato 2020, Emergent BioSolutions alobaki ye na moninga Vaxart bazali koluka vaccin.
On 8 February 2020, the laboratory OncoGen in Romania published a paper on the design of a vaccine with similar technology to the one used for cancer neoantigen vaccination therapy.
Na mokolo ya 8 sanza ya mibale 2020, laboratoire ya OncoGen na Romanie bakomaki manuskri na ndenge ya vaccin na technology moko oyo ezali kosalema mpona vaccin mpe kisi mpona cancer.
On 25 March the head of the research institute announced that they had finalized the synthesis of the vaccine and were beginning the tests.
Na mokolo ya 25 sanza ya misato mokonzi na institu ya etid alobaki basilisaki synthese babandaki na ekzame.
On 27 February 2020, a Generex subsidiary company, NuGenerex Immuno-Oncology, announced they were beginning a vaccine project to create an Ii-Key peptide vaccine against COVID-19.
Na mokolo ya 27 sanza ya mibale 2020, Companie moko ya moke ya Generex, NuGenerex Immuni-Ongologie, balobaki bazali kobanda projet ya vaccin kosala li-key peptide ya vaccin mpona COVID-19.
They wanted to produce a vaccine candidate that could be tested in humans "within 90 days."
Balingaki basala candida ya vaccin oyo bakokaki komeka n abato’’na mikolo 90’’.
On 5 March 2020, Washington University in St. Louis announced its projects to develop a vaccine.
Na mokolo ya 5 sanza ya misato 2020, universite ya Washington na St Louis balobaki babandaki mosala ya koluka vaccin.
On 5 March 2020, the United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command at Fort Detrick and the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research in Silver Spring, both in western Maryland, announced they were working on a vaccine.
Na mokolo ya 5 sanza ya misato 2020, Etid ya limpimgo mpona kolongono na Etats Unis mpe Materiel Command na Fort Detrick mpe Institu ya limpimgo ya Walter Reed, nyonso mibale na oust ya Maryland, balobaki bazali kosala vaccin.
Around 10 March 2020, Emergent Biosolutions announced that it had teamed with Novavax Inc.
Na 10 sanza ya misato 2020, Emergent Biosolutions elobaki kakomi kosala na Novavax Inc.
in the development and manufacture of a vaccine.
Na koluka mpe kosala vaccin.
The partners further announced plans for preclinical testing and a Phase I clinical trial by July 2020.
Balobaki mpe bakobanda baekzame ya clinic mpe phase I ya komeka ya clinic na sanza ya nsambo 2020.
On 12 March 2020, India's Health Ministry announced they are working with 11 isolates, and that even on a fast track it would take at least around one-and-a-half to two years to develop a vaccine.
Na mokolo ya 12 sanza ya misato 2020, Minister ya kolongono na Inde balobaki bazali kosala mosala na 11 ya mopanzi, mpe ata soki bazalaki kokende noki ekozwa bango moko na ndambo to bambula mibale mpona kosala vaccin.
On 12 March 2020, Medicago, a biotechnology company in Quebec City, Quebec, reported development of a coronavirus-like particle under partial funding from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research.
Na mokolo ya 12 sanza ya misato 2020, Medicago, companie ya biotechnology na egumba ya Quebec, Quebec balobaki bazali kosala particle moko oyo ezali lekola ya coronavirisi na mbongo ndambo euti Institu ya Canada mpona etid ya kolongono.
The vaccine candidate is in laboratory research, with human testing planned for July or August 2020.
Vaccin ezali na etid ya laboratoire, bako banda komeka na bato na sanza ya nsambo to mwambe 2020.
Earlier that week, The Guardian reported that the US President Donald Trump had offered CureVac "'large sums of money' for exclusive access to a Covid-19 vaccine", against which the German government protested.
Na ebandeli ya poso oyo, Guardian ereportaki ete Mokambi ya Etats Unis Donald Trump apesaki ‘CureVac’ mbongo ebele mpona kozwa vaccin ya COVID-19’’ gouvernema ya Germani atelemaki yango.
On 17 March 2020, American pharmaceutical company Pfizer announced a partnership with German company BioNTech to jointly develop a mRNA-based vaccine.
Na mokolo ya 17 sanza ya misato 2020, companie ya bakisi ya Amerik Pfizer elobaki bazali kosangana na company na Germany babengi BioNTech mpona kosala vaccin oyo euti na mRNA.
mRNA-based vaccine candidate BNT162, currently in pre-clinical testing with clinical trials expected to begin in April 2020.
BNT162 candida ya vaccin oyo euti na mRNA, ezali na ekzame ya clinic eoyo ekobanda sanza ya minei 2020.
In Italy on 17 March 2020, Takis Biotech, an Italian biotech company announced they will have pre-clinical testing results in April 2020 and their final vaccine candidate could begin human testing by fall.
Na Italie na mokolo ya 17 sanza ya misato 2020, Takis Biotech, companie ya biotech ya Italie balobaki bakozala na baresulta ya ekzame ya liboso ya clinic na sanza ya minei 2020 mpe vaccin na bango ya suka ekoki komekama na bato na ntango ya moyi.
In France on 19 March 2020, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) announced a US$4.9 million investment in a COVID-19 vaccine research consortium involving the Institut Pasteur, Themis Bioscience (Vienna, Austria), and the University of Pittsburgh, bringing CEPI's total investment in COVID-19 vaccine development to US$29 million.
Na France na mokolo ya 19 sanza ya misato 2020, Coalition ya kobongama mpona epidemic mpe innovation (CEPI) elobaki bazali na US$4.9 milion na etid ya ekip ya vaccin ya COVID-19 na Insitu Pasteur, Themis Bioscience (Vienna, Austria), mpe universite ya pittsburgh, oyo ememi mbongo nyonso ya CEPI mpona COVID-19 na US$29 milio.
CEPI's other investment partners for COVID-19 vaccine development are Moderna, Curevac, Inovio, Novavax, the University of Hong Kong, the University of Oxford, and the University of Queensland.
Bato misusu na ekipi ya CEPI mpona vaccin ya COVID-19 ezali Moderna, Curevac, Inovio, Novavax, Universite ya hong kong, universite ya Oxford, mpe universite ya Queensland.
On 20 March 2020, Russian health officials announced that scientists have begun animal testing of six different vaccine candidates.
Na mokolo ya 20 sanza ya misato 2020, bato ya kolongono ya Russie balobaki ete bayekoli ya science babandaki komeka bavaccin motoba na banyama.
Imperial College London researchers announced on 20 March 2020 that they are developing a self-amplifying RNA vaccine for COVID-19.
College Imperial ya bato ya etid ya Londres balobaki ete mokolo ya 20 sanza ya misato 2020 bako banda kosala vaccin ya RNA mpona COVID-19.
The vaccine candidate was developed within 14 days of receiving the sequence from China.
Candida ya vaccin esalemaki na mikolo 14 nsima ya kozwa toli epayi ya Chine.
In late March, the Canadian government announced C$275 million in funding for 96 research projects on medical countermeasures against COVID-19, including numerous vaccine candidates at Canadian companies and universities, such as the Medicago and University of Saskatchewan initiatives.
Na nsuka ya sanza ya misato, gouvernema ya Canada elobali mbongo C$275 milio mpona ba etid 96 mpona etumba ya COVID-19, mpe bacandida ya bavaccin mingi na bacompanie mpe bauniversite ya Canada, lekola na Medicago mpe mosala na universite ya Saskatchewan.
Around the same time, the Canadian government announced C$192 million specifically for developing a COVID-19 vaccine, with plans to establish a national "vaccine bank" of several new vaccines that could be used if another coronavirus outbreak occurs.
Na ngambo ya ntango moko, loyalo ya ekolo Canada esakolaki ba millon ya dollar C$192 ezalaki mingi-mingi mpo na kokolisa vaccin ya COVID-19, na likanisi babongisa “banki ya vaccin” ya ekolo mpó na ba vaccin ebele ya sika eko kosalamela soki pasi mosusu ya coronavirusi eyei.
On 2 April 2020, researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine reported on testing of PittCoVacc, a possible COVID-19 vaccine in mice, stating that "MNA delivered SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit vaccines elicited potent antigen-specific antibody responses [in the mice] that were evident beginning 2 weeks after immunization."
Na 2 Avril 2020, bakundoli ya Sikola ya Medicine ya Université ya Pittsburgh bapesaki lapolo ya tesite ya PittCoVacc, mutu eko kozala vaccin ya COVID-19 na bampuku, balobaki ete "MNA ebimisaki SRAS-CoV-2 S1 sous-unité ya vaccin emonanaki lokola antigene-specifiki ya ba anticorps ya makasi na biyano [na bampuku] ezalaki yasolo baposo 2 sima ya botie mangwele."
In Canada on 16 April 2020, the University of Waterloo School of Pharmacy announced design of a DNA-based vaccine candidate as a possible nasal spray.
Na Canada na16 Avril 2020, Sikola ya Pharmacie ya Université ya Waterloo esakolaki bobongisi ya vaccin likolo ya DNA ezwama lokola kisi ya kopompé na zolo.
Using bacteriophages, the DNA will be designed to replicate inside human bacteria to produce harmless virus-like particles, which may stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Na bosaleli ya balei ya baniama, DNA ekobongisama mpóna korepliqué kati ya baniama ya bato mpo ebota ba ndambo mike-mike ya ba virusi ebelisaka te, mutu eko koimité systemi immune mpo ebota ba anticorps ebundisa virusii ya SRAS-CoV-2
In March 2020, the US government, industry, and three universities pooled resources to access supercomputers from IBM, combined with cloud computing resources from Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Amazon, Microsoft, and Google.
Na Mars 2020, loyalo ya E.U., industrie, pe ba université misatu batiaki ba resource esika moko mpo bakota na baordinateur super ya IBM, basangisa na misala ya ordinateur nuage ya Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Amazon, Microsoft, na Google.
Some vaccines have heterologous effects, also called non-specific effects.
Ba vaccin mosusu ezali na ba effet heterologue, óyo ebengamaka lisúsu ba effet non-specifiki.
That means they can have benefits beyond the disease they prevent.
Yangó elingi koloba bakoki kozala na babenefice sima ya bokono bazo pekisa.
A further randomized trial in Australia is seeking to enrol 4,170 healthcare workers.
Bomeki lisúsu ya libaku na ekolo ya Australie ezo luka ekomisa basali ya sante 4,170.
It is possible vaccines in development will not be safe or effective.
Ekokí kozala ete ba vaccin bazo lengela ekozala malamu te basalela na kimia pe lolenge elongobani.
Early research to assess vaccine efficacy using COVID-19-specific animal models, such as ACE2-transgenic mice, other laboratory animals, and non-human primates, indicate a need for biosafety-level 3 containment measures for handling live viruses, and international coordination to ensure standardized safety procedures.
Likundoli ya yambo mpóna koevalué ba vaccin lolenge ebongi na bosaleli ya COVID-19-specifiki ya modeli ya bibwele, lokola mpuku ya ACE2-transgeniki, bibwele mosusu ya laboratoire, na ba primate ya makako, ezo lakisa mosapi na kimia ya bamesure ya niveau 3 ya confinement mpóna komanipulé ba virusi ya bomoi, pe boyokani ya bato ya mikili mpóna bosaleli ya banzéla standarde ya kimia.
Vaccines against SARS and MERS have been tested in non-human animal models.
Ba vaccin ya tembe na SRAS pe MERS esi esalami momekano na bamodeli ya bato te.
As of 2020, there is no cure or protective vaccine for SARS that has been shown to be both safe and effective in humans.
Tii na mobu 2020, kisi to vaccin eza kaka te mpo esilisa to epekisa SARS pe epesama na kimia pe bolongi na nzoto ya bato.
According to research papers published in 2005 and 2006, the identification and development of novel vaccines and medicines to treat SARS was a priority for governments and public health agencies around the world.There is also no proven vaccine against MERS.
Na bolandi ya bapapela ya bokundoli ebimaki na mibu 2005 pe 2006, boyebeli na bokolisi ya ba vaccin ya sika pe bakisi mpóna kosilisa bokono ya SARS ezalaki priorité mpóna ba loyalo na ba agence ya sante ya bato na mokili mobimba. Lisúsu vaccin ya bondimi mpóna MERS.pe ezali te
When MERS became prevalent, it was believed that existing SARS research may provide a useful template for developing vaccines and therapeutics against a MERS-CoV infection.
Ntángo MERS engindaki, ezalaki kondimama ete bokundoli ya SRAS óyo esi esalamaki eko kopesa template ya ntina mpóna bokolisi ba vaccin na therapi ya tembe na infection ya MERS-CoV
As of March 2020, there was one (DNA based) MERS vaccine which completed phase I clinical trials in humans, and three others in progress, all of which are viral-vectored vaccines, two adenoviral-vectored (ChAdOx1-MERS, BVRS-GamVac), and one MVA-vectored (MVA-MERS-S).
Tii Mars2020, vaccin moko ya MERS (esalamaki likolo ya DNA) mutu esukisaki etapi I ya mimekano ya cliniki ya bato, pe misato mosusu ezalaki na nzela, nionso ya bango eza bavaccins a virusi vectoré, mibale ya adenoviral-vectoré (ChAdOx1-MERS, BVRS-GamVac), na moko MVA-vectoré (MVA-MERS-S).
Social media posts have promoted a conspiracy theory claiming the virus behind COVID-19 was known and that a vaccine was already available.
Ba affiche ya media sociale esi etomboli likanisi ya complot ezo loba ete virusi etindiki COVID-19 eyebanaki pe vaccin esi esalama mpóna yango.
The patents cited by various social media posts reference existing patents for genetic sequences and vaccines for other strains of coronavirus such as the SARS coronavirus.
Ba patente ba affiche ya media sociale ya lolenge bazali kocité ezali referé na ba patente ya kala mpóna ba sequence genetiki pe ba vaccin mpo na lolenge mosusu ya coronavirusi lokola coronavirusi ya SRAS.
b'Coronaviruses are a group of related viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds.
ba b'coronavirusi bazali liboke ya ba virusi ekangana óyo epesaka bokono na bamammifère pe bandeke.
In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections that can range from mild to lethal.
Na bato, ba coronavirusi ebendaka infection ya nzela ya kopema mutu eko kozala pasi moke tii na pasi ya liwâ.
Mild illnesses include some cases of the common cold (which has other possible causes, predominantly rhinoviruses), while more lethal varieties can cause SARS, MERS, and COVID-19.
Mabela ma pete etie nakati grippe ya bato mingi (mutu ewutaka na bakpokoso mosusu, mingi-mingi penza ya barhinovirusi), bongo óyo ebomaka eko kobenda SRAS, MERS, pe COVID-19.
Symptoms in other species vary: in chickens, they cause an upper respiratory tract disease, while in cows and pigs they cause diarrhea.
Ba symptome na esipece mosusu ekesanaka: na basoso, epesaka bokono ya nzela ya kopemela, kasi na bangombe na bangulu nde epesaka pulu-pulu.
There are yet to be vaccines or antiviral drugs to prevent or treat human coronavirus infections.
Ba vaccin na kisi ya antivirusi naino ekelami te mpóna kosilisa to kopekisa bakpokoso ya coronavirusi na bato.
Coronaviruses constitute the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae, in the family Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales, and realm Riboviria.
Ba coronavirusi ezali nase ya libota ya infection ya Orthocoronavirinae, na kati ya libota ya Coronaviridae, molongo ya Nidovirales, pe domaine ya Riboviria.
They are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a nucleocapsid of helical symmetry.
Bazali ba virusi ya kati ya poso ezalaka na genome RNA moko ya sens unique ekangama nakati pe na noyau ya symmetrie helicale .
The genome size of coronaviruses ranges from approximately 26 to 32 kilobases, one of the largest among RNA viruses.
Bonene ya genome ya ba coronavirusi ezalaka penepene ya bakilobase 26 tii 32, moko ya kabakata ya kati ya ba virusi ya RNA.
They have characteristic club-shaped spikes that project from their surface, which in electron micrographs create an image reminiscent of the solar corona from which their name derives.
Bazalaka na banzete lokola barayon óyo ebimaka banda surface na bango bongo na ba graphiiki micro electron emonanaka na elili lokola couronne ya sanza ya moi esika kómbó ewutaki.
Coronaviruses were first discovered in the 1930s when an acute respiratory infection of domesticated chickens was shown to be caused by infectious bronchitis virus (IBV).
Ba coronavirusi ekundolamaki liboso na mibu 1930s tángo infection ya kopema ya makasi ya basoso ya mboka esi emonani ete ewutaki na pasi ya virusi ya bronchite (IBV).
In the 1940s, two more animal coronaviruses, mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), were isolated.Human coronaviruses were discovered in the 1960s.
Na mibu 1940s, ba coronavirusi mibale lisúsu ya bibwele ekundolamaki, hepatite ya puku (MHV) virusi ya gastroenterite contagieux (TGEV), ezalaki isolé. Ba coronavirusi ya bato ekundolamaki na mibu 1960s.
The earliest ones studied were from human patients with the common cold, which were later named human coronavirus 229E and human coronavirus OC43.
Ya liboso penza eyekolamaki ezalaki na babeli ya bato bazalaki na malili ya bato banso, mutu ebengamaki sima coronavirusi 229E ya bato pe coronavirusi OC43 ya bato.
They were first imaged by Scottish virologist June Almeida at St. Thomas Hospital in London.
Bamonanaki liboso na elili na virologue ya Esoselo June Almeida na St. Thomas Hospital na Londre.
Other human coronaviruses have since been identified, including SARS-CoV in 2003, HCoV NL63 in 2004, HKU1 in 2005, MERS-CoV in 2012, and SARS-CoV-2 in 2019.
Ba coronavirusi mosusu ya bato esi eyebani banda tángo wana, tia nakati SARS-CoV na 2003, HCoV NL63 na 2004, HKU1 na 2005, MERS-CoV na 2012, pe SARS-CoV-2 na 2019.
Most of these have involved serious respiratory tract infections.
Toloba nionso wana ekotisi nakati ba infection ya somo na nzela ya kopema.
The name was first used in 1968 by an informal group of virologists in the journal Nature to designate the new family of viruses.
Basalelaka kómbó yango mbala liboso na 1968 na lisanga ya baninga ba virologue na mokandá ya zulunali Nature mpóna kobenga libota ya sika ya ba virusi.
The name refers to the characteristic appearance of virions (the infective form of the virus) by electron microscopy, which have a fringe of large, bulbous surface projections creating an image reminiscent of a crown or of a solar corona.
Nkombo etalisi mosapi na ndenge ba virion (biloko ya virusi óyo epesaka infection) emonanaka na microsicope ya electroniki, yango ezalaka na bandelo ya basende ebimaka na surface ya monene esalaki elili óyo emonanaka lokola couronne to couronne ya sanza moi.
This morphology is created by the viral spike peplomers, which are proteins on the surface of the virus.
Morphologi yango ekelami na barayon peplomere ya virusi, mutu ezali ba proteine na surface ya virusi.
Coronaviruses are large pleomorphic spherical particles with bulbous surface projections.
Ba coronavirusi ezali biteni pleomorphiki ya kamwa monene mike-mike a ronde na surface ya songe.
The envelope of the virus in electron micrographs appears as a distinct pair of electron dense shells.The viral envelope consists of a lipid bilayer where the membrane (M), envelope (E) and spike (S) structural proteins are anchored.
Mposo ya virusi kati ya ba micrographi ya electron emonanaka lokola paire distincte ya bacoquille epaisse ya electron. Mposo ya virusi ezalaka na bacouche mibale ya lipide esika membrane (M), poso (E) pe rayon (S) botongami ya baproteine ya botongami ekangamaka.
The lipid bilayer envelope, membrane proteins, and nucleocapsid protect the virus when it is outside the host cell.
Mposo ya ba couche mibale ya lipide, baproteine ya membrane, pe capsule ya noyau ebatelaka virusi tángo ezalaka libanda ya cellule moyambi.
Coronaviruses contain a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome.
Ba coronavirusi ezalaka na kati na yango na sens-positif, genome ARN monocatenaire.
The genome size for coronaviruses ranges from 26.4 to 31.7 kilobases.
Dimensio ya genome ya coronavirusi ekendeke banda bakilobase 26.4 ti 31.7.
The genome size is one of the largest among RNA viruses.
Dimensio ya genome nango ezali moko ya ba virusi ARN elekaka monene penza.
The open reading frames 1a and 1b, which occupy the first two-thirds of the genome, encode the replicase/transcriptase polyprotein.
Ba cadre efungwama ya kotangela 1a na 1b, moto ezalaka na ndambo mibale likolo ya misato ya liboso ya genome, ezo codé polyproteine replicase/transcriptase.
The replicase/transcriptase polyprotein self cleaves to form nonstructural proteins.The later reading frames encode the four major structural proteins: spike, envelope, membrane, and nucleocapsid.
Polyproteine replicase/transcriptase ekomisokolaka mpo esála baproteine nonstructurale. Ba cadre ya kotangela ya suka ecodaka baproteine structurale minei : rayon, poso, membrane, pe nucleocapside.
Interspersed between these reading frames are the reading frames for the accessory proteins.
Etelangani nakati ya ba cadre ya kotanga yango ezali ba cadre ya kotanga mpóna baproteine accessoire.
The number of accessory proteins and their function is unique depending on the specific coronavirus.
Talo ya baproteine accessoire na mosala nabango ezalaka unique na coronavirusi specifiki,.
Infection begins when the viral spike (S) glycoprotein attaches to its complementary host cell receptor.
infection ebandaka soki rayon (S) ya virusi glycoproteine ekangamaka na cellule moyambi ya kobakisa.
After attachment, a protease of the host cell cleaves and activates the receptor-attached spike protein.
Simá ya bokangani, protéase moko ya cellule moyambi ekangami pe e activé rayon ya bokangami ya proteine moyambi.
Depending on the host cell protease available, cleavage and activation allows the virus to enter the host cell by endocytosis or direct fusion of the viral envelop with the host membrane.On entry into the host cell, the virus particle is uncoated, and its genome enters the cell cytoplasm.
Na botali ya protéase ya cellule moyambi elongobani, bokangani na activasio esalaka ete virusi ekota na cellule moyambi na nzela ya endocytose to bokangani ya libela ya poso ya virusi na membrane ya moyambi. Na bokoti na cellule moyambi, eténi ya virusi elatisami, ebongo genome nango ekoti na cytoplasme ya cellule.
The host ribosome translates the initial overlapping open reading frame of the virus genome and forms a long polyprotein.
Ribosoma moyambi ebongolaka bosangani ya liboso ya cadre efungwama ya cadre ya genome ya virusi pe esalaka polyprotéine ya molai.
The polyprotein has its own proteases which cleave the polyprotein into multiple nonstructural proteins.
Politiki eza na baprotéase na yemoko moto ekangaka polyprotéine na baprotéine nonstructurale mingi.
A number of the nonstructural proteins coalesce to form a multi-protein replicase-transcriptase complex (RTC).
Lotango ya baproteine nonstructurale ekanganaka mpóna kosala multi-protéine replicase-transcriptase complexe (RTC).
The main replicase-transcriptase protein is the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp).
Protéine replicase-transcriptase eza ARN-dependant ARN polymérase (RdRp).
It is directly involved in the replication and transcription of RNA from an RNA strand.
Ekotaki libela na lisalisi ya korepliqué pe kotranscrire ARN ewuti na echeki ya ARN.
The other nonstructural proteins in the complex assist in the replication and transcription process.
Baprotéine nonstructurale mosusu nakati ya complexe esalisaka na nzela ya korepliqué pe ko transcrire.
The exoribonuclease nonstructural protein, for instance, provides extra fidelity to replication by providing a proofreading function which the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase lacks.One of the main functions of the complex is to replicate the viral genome.
Protéine exoribonucléase nonstructurale, na ndakisa, epesaka botosi ya kobakisa mpóna korepliqué na kopesa mosala ya kotangolola óyo ARN-dependant ARN polymerase ezangaka. Moko ya misala makasi ya complexe ezo repliqué genome virale.
RdRp directly mediates the synthesis of negative-sense genomic RNA from the positive-sense genomic RNA.
RdRp elinganasaka libela-libela synthese ya ARN ya genomiki ya sense-negatif uta na ARN ya genomiki ya sense positif.
This is followed by the replication of positive-sense genomic RNA from the negative-sense genomic RNA.
Yangó elandamaka na replicasio ya ARN ya genomiki ya sense-positif uta na ARN ya genomiki ya sense negatif.
The other important function of the complex is to transcribe the viral genome.
Fonkisio mosusu ya ntina makasi mpóna complexe ezali kotranscrire genome ya virusi.
RdRp directly mediates the synthesis of negative-sense subgenomic RNA molecules from the positive-sense genomic RNA.
RdRp elinganasaka libela-libela synthese ya bamolecule subgenomiki ARN ya sense-negatif uta na genomiki ARN ya sense positif.
This is followed by the transcription of these negative-sense subgenomic RNA molecules to their corresponding positive-sense mRNAs.
Yangó elandamaka na transcription ya ba molecule subgenomiki ARN ya sense-negatif óyo ezo kokana na ba mRNA ya sense-positif.
The replicated positive-sense genomic RNA becomes the genome of the progeny viruses.
Genomiki repliqué ya sense-positifi ARN ekomi genome ya ba virusi ebotami.