atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
Besides, the natural killer cell activity in bats is suppressed due to upregulation of inhibitory natural killer cell receptor NKG2/CD94 and low expression level of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules.
Okwongereza ku ekyo, okufa kw’obutaffaali okw’obutonde mu buwundo kuzibikirwa nga kiva ku kukendeeza kwa butaffaali bw’obutonde obw’ekifuna obuwuka NKG2/CD94 wamu n’okweyoleka okwa wansi okw’amaanyi okw’obukolaganyi bwa molecules ez’ekibinja I.
Moreover, the high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from high metabolic activity of bats could both suppress CoV replication and affects proofreading by exoribonuclease, thus providing the selection pressure for the generation of virus strains highly pathogenic when introduced into a new host.
So ng’ate, ebika bya oxygen species (ROS) ava mu kukola emmere mu mubiri mu buwundo kuyinza okunyigiriza okuzaalukana kwa CoV n’okukosa proofreading by exoribonuclease, ne kivaamu okunyigiriza kw’okulonda okuleeta ebika by’akawuka ebireeta ennyo endwadde nga biteereddwa mu kitundu ekirala ekibeerako obuwuka.
More pathogenic CoV strains might also evolve by recombination, leading to the acquisition of novel proteins or protein features for host adaptation.
Obuwuka bwa CoV obulala nabwo buyinza okukula nga bwegattagatta, ne kireetawo protein ezibadde tezimanyiddwa oba obubonero bwa protein obusobozesa ekibeerako obuwuka okumanyiira.
Thus, it is not by chance that three novel HCoVs have emerged in the past two decades.
Awo nno, si kya mukisa bukisa nti HCoVs obubadde tebumayiddwa bubaluseewo mu myaka abiri egiyise.
CoVs are non-pathogenic or cause mild symptoms in their reservoir hosts such as bats and camels.
CoVs tebuleeta ndwadde oba buleeta obubonero butono mu ekyo ekisaasaanya gamba ng’obuwundo n’eŋŋamiya.
They replicate robustly without eliciting a strong host immune response.
Buzaalukana nnyo ate nga tebuleeta busibage bwa maanyi ku kintu ekibeerako endwadde.
Herein lie the secrets of why asymptomatic carriers are seen and what causes the severe cases in human infection.
Muno mwe muli ekyama ekireetera ebisaasaanya endwadde ebitalina bubonero okulabibwa n’ekireetawo obulwadde obw’akabi ennyo mu bantu.
The severe symptoms are mainly due to the hyperactivation of immune response and the cytokine storm wherein the stronger the immune response, the more severe the lung damage.
Obubonero obw’akabi businga kuva ku kutanula obusibage n’obubonero obw’akabi ennyo (cytokine storm) ne kiba nti obusibage gye bukoma okuba obw’amaanyi, n’okukosebwa kw’amawuggwe gye kukoma okuba okw’omutawaana.
In contrast, in asymptomatic carriers, the immune response has been de-coupled from CoV replication.
Mu kugeraageranya n’abantu abatalabikirako bubonero, obusibage bulemesebwa okwekubisaamu mu kuzaalukana kwa CoV.
The same strategy of delinking the immune response might have beneficial effects in anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapy.
Akakodyo ke kamu ak’okuggyawo obukwatane bw’obusibage kuyinza okuba n’emiganyulo mu kujjanjaba SARS-CoV-2.
The interferon response is particularly strong in bats.
Enkola ya interferon ya maanyi nnyo mu buwundo.
Thus, administration of type I interferon at least in the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans should be beneficial.
Awo nno, okukola ku type I interferon waakiri ng’okukosebwa kwa SARS-CoV-2 kwakalabika mu bantu kuteekwa oba nga kuvaamu ebirungi.
In addition, NLRP3 inflammasome activation in bats is defective.
Mu ngeri y’emu, okuleetera okukola kwa NLRP3 inflammasome mu buwundo tekivaamu kantu.
By this reasoning, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome with MCC950 might be useful in the treatment of COVID-19.
Mu ntegeera eno, okukugira kwa NLRP3 inflammasome nga kuli wamu ne MCC950 kuyinza okuyamba mu bujjanjabi bwa COVID-19.
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 follows the general theme by which SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV arose.
Okubalukawo kwa SARS-CoV-2 kugoberera omulamwa ogw’awamu omwasibukira SARS-CoV ne MERS-CoV.
Whereas a bat beta-CoV sharing 95% nucleotide homology with SARS-CoV has been found, there also exists a bat-CoV sharing 96% nucleotide homology with SARS-CoV-2.
Weewaawo kizuuliddwa nti beta-CoV kagabana ebitundu 95% ebya nucleotide ne SARS-CoV, waliwo era ka CoV k’akawundo akagabana ebitundu 96% ebya nucleotide ne SARS-CoV-2.
Whereas civets and other animals in the markets have been found to harbour viruses identical to SARS-CoV, immediate intermediate hosts for SARS-CoV-2 have not been identified.
Weewaawo effumbe n’ensolo endala ezitundibwa mu butale zizuuliddwa okukweka obuwuka obufaananako ne SARS-CoV, ekibeerako obuwuka ekitasaasaanya SARS-CoV-2 tekinnazuulibwa.
Pangolin beta-CoVs strikingly homologous to SARS-CoV-2 have been found, indicating that pangolins might serve as one of intermediate hosts or pangolin beta-CoVs could contribute gene fragments to the final version of SARS-CoV-2.
Pangolin beta-CoVs obwewuunyisa okufaanagana ne SARS-CoV-2 buzuuliddwa, ekiraga nti pangolin ziyinza okukola ng’ekibeerako obuwuka ekitasaasaanya oba pangolin beta-CoVs kayinza okuba nga kalina obutundutundu bwa giini bwe kaleeta ku nkula ya SARS-CoV-2 esembayo.
Although questions remain, there is no evidence that SARS-CoV-2 is man-made either deliberately or accidentally.
Weewaawo nga wakyaliwo ebibuuzo, tewali bubaka bulaga nti SARS-CoV-2 yakolebwa muntu mu bugenderevu oba mu ngeri etali ŋŋenderere.
CoVs have returned to the limelight due to the recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2.
CoVs bukomyewo okumanyika mu bantu olw’okubalukawo kwa SARS-CoV-2 okuzzeewo emabegako.
The study of CoVs in bats and other animals has drastically changed our perception of the importance of zoonotic origins and animal reservoirs of HCoVs in human transmission.
Okunoonyereza ku CoVs mu buwundo n’ensolo endala kukyusizza mu ngeri ey’amangu entegeera y’omugaso gw’endwadde eziva mu nsolo n’ensolo ezibeerako obuwuka bwa HCoVs mu kusaasaanya endwadde mu bantu.
Pervasive evidence has shown that SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 have a bat origin and are transmitted to humans via intermediate hosts.
Obubaka obw’amaanyi bulaze nti SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV ne SARS-CoV-2 buva mu buwundo era nga busaasaanyizibwa mu bantu nga buyitira ku bintu ebibeerako obuwuka ebitasaasaanya.
Given that SARS-CoV infection originates from the contact between humans and civets in the markets, closing wet markets and killing civets therein could have effectively ended the SARS epidemic.
Olw’okuba nti obulwadde bwa SARS-CoV buva mu nkwatagana wakati w’abantu n’amafumbe mu butale, okuggala obutale obutundibwamu ebintu ebibisi n’okutta amafumbe kyandiyambye nnyo mu kukomya nawookeera wa SARS.
By the same reasoning, pangolins should be removed from wet markets to prevent zoonotic transmission, in view of the discovery of multiple lineages of pangolin beta-CoVs closely related to SARS-CoV-2.
Mu ngeri y’emu, pangolins zirina okuggyibwa mu butale obutundibwamu ebintu ebibisi olw’okuziyiza okusaasaanya endwadde eziva mu nsolo okudda mu bantu, nga tutunuulira okuzuula ennyiriri ez’enjawulo eza pangolin beta-CoVs ezeekwanya ennyo ku SARS-CoV-2.
However, whether and how SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted to humans through pangolins and other mammals remain to be clarified in future investigations.
Wabula, oba nga SARS-CoV-2 asaasaanyibwa mu bantu ng’ayitira mu pangolins n’ensolo endala eziringa abantu n’engeri gy’asaasaanyizibwamu kijja kuzuulibwa eyo mu kunoonyereza okujja eyo mu maaso.
On the other hand, MERS-CoV has existed in dromedary camels for a long time.
Ku ludda olulala, MERS-CoV kabadde mu ŋŋamiya okumala ebbanga eriwera.
These camels serve as an important tool for transportation as well as a main source of meat, milk, leather and wool products for the local people.
Eŋŋamiya za mugaso nnyo mu ntambula ate ng’era zivaako nnyo ennyama, amata, amaliba n’ebyoya eri abantu.
They are widely distributed across the Middle East and Africa.
Ziri nnyo mu bitundu bya Middle East ne Afrika.
It is therefore impossible to sacrifice all camels for the control of MERS, as what was done in wild animal markets in China to prevent the spreading of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.
Awo nno kizibu nnyo okutta eŋŋamiya zonna olw’okuziyiza MERS, ng’ekyakolebwa mu butale bw’ensolo ez’omu nsiko mu China okuziyiza okusaasaana kwa SARS-CoV ne SARS-CoV-2.
To stop the recurrent outbreaks of MERS, a comprehensive approach should be taken to develop effective vaccines against MERS-CoV for camels, in combination with other infection control measures.
Okusobola okuziyiza okubalukawo kwa MERS okutatadde, enkwata y’obulwadde buno erina okukulaakulanyizibwa okukola eddagala erigema MERS-CoV ery’eŋŋamiya, nga likolera wamu n’engeri endala eziziyiza obulwadde.
As we are not able to eliminate these viruses, new genotypes might emerge to cause outbreaks.
Olw’okuba nti tetusobola kumalawo buwuka buno, ekika ky’obuwuka obulala kisobola okubalukawo okuleeta nawookeera omulala.
A variety of zoonotic CoVs are circulating in the wild.
Obuwuka obw’enjawulo obwa CoV obusaasaanya endwadde okuva mu nsolo okudda mu bantu bubunye mu nsiko.
Particularly, bat CoVs with zoonotic potential are so diverse.
N’okusingira ddala, bu CoV obw’obuwundo obulina obusobozi bw’okusaasaanya endwadde okuva mu nsoolo okudda mu bantu bwa ngeri nnyingi.
There are plenty of opportunities that these zoonotic CoVs evolve and recombine, resulting in the emergence of new CoVs that are more transmissible and/or deadly in humans in future.
Waliwo emikisa mingi nti bu CoV obusaasaanya endwadde okuva mu nsolo okudda mu bantu bwegattagatta nga kiva mu kubalukawo bu CoV obupya obutambuzibwa amangu ne/oba mu bantu eyo gye bujja.
The culture of eating wild animals in some places of China should be abandoned to reduce unnecessary contact between humans and animals.
Empisa y’okulya ensolo ez’omu nsiko mu bifo ebimu mu China erina okusuulibwa okukendeeza ku nkwatagana eteetaagisa wakati w’abantu n’ensolo.
With the ordeals of SARS, MERS and COVID-19, a better preparedness and response plan should be in place.
Nga tuli mu katyabaga ka SARS, MERS ne COVID-19, okweteekateeka okusingako obulungi n’enteekateeka ey’okubyaŋŋanga zirina okubeerawo.
In fact, many viruses have existed in the planet for a very long time.
Mu butuufu, obuwuka bungi bubaddewo mu nsi okumala ebbanga ddene ddala.
They stay in their own natural reservoirs until there is a chance for spillover.
Bubeera mu bifo byabwo eby’obutonde okutuusa lwe walabikawo omukisa ne bubuukayo okugenda ewalala.
Although bats have many features that favours the spreading of viruses, the chance for humans to be in contact with bats and other wildlife species can be minimized if people are educated to stay away from them.
Newankubadde ng’obuwundo bulina obukole bungi obubusobozesa okusaasaanya obuwuka, omukisa gw’abantu okukwatagana n’obuwundo n’ebika ebirala eby’omu nsiko gusobola okukendeezebwa abantu bwe bategeezebwa okwewala okubisemberera.
Continuous surveillance in mammals is necessary for better understanding of the ecology of CoVs and their natural hosts, which will prove useful in preventing animal-to-human transmission and future outbreaks.
Okwekaliriza entakera kwetaagisa mu nsolo eziringa abantu olw’okutegeera enkula ya CoVs mu ngeri esingako wamu n’ebyo ebibeerako obuwuka ebyobutonde ebijja okulabika nga bya mugaso mu kuziyiza okusaasaanya endwadde okuva ku nsolo-okudda-mu-bantu wamu ne nawookeera ow’omu maaso.
To conclude, the most effective way to prevent viral zoonosis is for humans to stay away from the ecological niches of the natural reservoirs of the zoonotic viruses.
Mu kufundikira, engeri esinga obulungi ey’okuziyiza obuwuka obuva ku nsolo okudda mu bantu be bantu okuva ku bintu eby’obutonde ebibeerako obuwuka obusaasaanya endwadde okuva ku nsolo okudda mu bantu.
Several pieces in the puzzle of the zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 are still missing.
Waliwo ebintu bingi ebitannaba kutegeerekeka ku nsibuko y’obulwadde bwa SARS-CoV-2 obuva mu nsolo okudda mu bantu.
First, if bats transmit an ancestral virus of SARS-CoV-2 to pangolins, it will be of interest to see under what circumstances bats and pangolins could share the same ecological niche.
Okusookera ddala, oba ng’obuwundo busaasaanya akawuka akasibukamu SARS-CoV-2 mu pangolin, kiba kisaana okulaba embeera obuwundo ne pangolin mwe bigabanira okubeerana mu bifo gye bibeera.
Second, if bats play a more direct role in human transmission, how humans get into contact with bats should be determined.
Ekyokubiri, oba ng’obuwundo buzannya ekifo ky’okusaasaanya obulwadde obutereevu mu bantu, olwo nno engeri abantu gye bakwataganamu n’obuwundo erina okufiibwako.
Third, if a third mammal acts as the true intermediate host, how it interacts with the different species including humans, bats and pangolins has to be clarified.
Ekyokusatu, ensolo eringa omuntu bw’eba nga y’ekola nga ekibeerako obuwuka ekitasaasaanya ekituufu, engeri gye kitabaganamu n’ebika ebirala omuli n’abantu, obuwundo ne pangolin erina okutangaazibwa.
Finally, since many mammals including domestic animals might be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, both surveillance and experimental infection should be conducted.
Ekisembayo, olw’okubanga ensolo nnyingi eziringa abantu omwo nga mwe muli n’ez’awaka ziyinza okuba nga zikwatibwa mangu SARS-CoV-2, okwekaliriza n’okugezesa kw’obulwadde byombi birina okukolebwa.
Should it be a bat, a pangolin or another mammal, it is expected that SARS-CoV-2 or its parental viruses that are almost identical will be identified in its natural hosts in future.
Singa kanaaba kawundo, pangolin oba ensolo endala eringa omuntu, kisuubirwa nti SARS-CoV-2 oba obuwuka obulala obusibukako obulwadde nga kumpi bufaanagana bujja kuzuulibwa mu kibeerako obuwuka obwo eky’obutonde eyo gye bujja.
Continued investigations in this area will elucidate the evolutionary pathway of SARS-CoV-2 in animals, with important implications in the prevention and control of COVID-19 in humans.
Okunoonyereza entakera ku nsonga eno kujja kutangaaza omugendo gw’enkula ya SARS-CoV-2 mu nsolo, omuli n’ebivaamu eby’omugaso mu kutangira n’okuziyiza COVID-19 mu bantu.
Preliminary Estimates of the Prevalence of Selected Underlying Health Conditions Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 — United States, February 12–March 28, 2020
Ebiteeberezebwa Ebisookerwako ku Birondeddwa mu Mbeera z’Abalwadde abalina obulwadde bwa Coronavirus 2019 — United States, Ogwokubiri 12–Ogwokusatu 28, 2020
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic.
Nga 11 Ogwokusatu, 2020, Ekitongole ky’Ensi yonna eky’Ebyobulamu (WHO) kyalangirira obulwadde bwa Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) ng’ekizibu eky’awamu mu nsi.
As of March 28, 2020, a total of 571,678 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 26,494 deaths have been reported worldwide.
Nga 28 Ogwokusatu 2020 we lwatuukira, omugatte gw’abalwadde ba COVID-19 gwali 571,678 n’abafudde nga bali 26,494 mu nsi yonna.
Reports from China and Italy suggest that risk factors for severe disease include older age and the presence of at least one of several underlying health conditions.
Ebiva mu China ne Italy biraga nti ensonga ez’obulabe ku bulwadde buno zizingiramu okukulirira mu myaka n’okusangibwamu waakiri obulwadde obw’engeri emu.
U.S. older adults, including those aged ≥65 years and particularly those aged ≥85 years, also appear to be at higher risk for severe COVID-19–associated outcomes; however, data describing underlying health conditions among U.S. COVID-19 patients have not yet been reported.
Abantu abakulu mu U.S. omuli n’abo abalina emyaka ≥65, ate naddala abo abalina emyaka ≥85 nabo balabika bali mu bulabe bwa maanyi obw’okulumbibwa ekirwadde kya COVID-19; wabula, obubaka obunnyonnyola obulwadde abalwadde ba COVID-19 bwe balina tebunnaba kutegeezebwa.
As of March 28, 2020, U.S. states and territories have reported 122,653 U.S. COVID-19 cases to CDC, including 7,162 (5.8%) for whom data on underlying health conditions and other known risk factors for severe outcomes from respiratory infections were reported.
Nga 28 Ogwokusatu, 2020 we lwatuukira, amasaza ga U.S. gaategeeza nti waliwo abalwadde ba COVID-19 abawera 122,653 mu U.S. ku CDC omwo nga mwe muli 7,162 (5.8%) abaggyibwako obubaka obukwata ku ndwadde endala n’obulabe obulala bwe balina mu muyungiro gw’okussa.
Among these 7,162 cases, 2,692 (37.6%) patients had one or more underlying health condition or risk factor, and 4,470 (62.4%) had none of these conditions reported.
Mu balwadde bano 7,162, abalwadde 2,692 (37.6%) baalina obuzibu obw’engeri emu bwe baasangibwa nabwo oba obulabe obulala, ate ng’abalwadde 4,470 (62.4%) bo tebaalina mbeera za ngeri eyo zaategeezebwa.
The percentage of COVID-19 patients with at least one underlying health condition or risk factor was higher among those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission (358 of 457, 78%) and those requiring hospitalization without ICU admission (732 of 1,037, 71%) than that among those who were not hospitalized (1,388 of 5,143, 27%).
Omuwendo gw’abalwadde ba COVID-19 ku kikumi abalina waakiri embeera y’obulwadde obulala oba obulabe obulala gwali munene mu balwadde abaali beetaaga okussibwa ku bujjanjabi obw’amaanyi (ICU) (358 of 457, 78%) n’abo abaali beetaaga okuweebwa ebitanda naye nga tebateekeddwa ku bujjanjabi bwa maanyi (732 of 1,037, 71%) okusinga abo abaali tebeetaaga kuweebwa bitanda mu malwaliro (1,388 of 5,143, 27%).
The most commonly reported conditions were diabetes mellitus, chronic lung disease, and cardiovascular disease.
Obulwadde obwasinga okulabibwa mwalimu sukaali (diabetes mellitus), obulwadde bw’amawuggwe obw’olukonvuba n’obulwadde bw’omutima (cardiovascular disease).
These preliminary findings suggest that in the United States, persons with underlying health conditions or other recognized risk factors for severe outcomes from respiratory infections appear to be at a higher risk for severe disease from COVID-19 than are persons without these conditions.
Ebizuuliddwa bino ebisookerwako biraga nti mu Amerika, abantu abasangibwa n’obulwadde oba obuzibu obulala obw’obulabe obukosa omuyungiro gw’okussa balabika okubeera mu bulabe bwa maanyi obw’okukosebwa COVID-19 okusinga abantu abatalina buzibu bulinga obwo.
Data from laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases reported to CDC from 50 states, four U.S. territories and affiliated islands, the District of Columbia, and New York City with February 12–March 28, 2020 onset dates were analyzed.
Obubaka obuva mu ggezeserezo bwakakasa abalwadde ba COVID-19 obwategeezebwa CDC okuva mu mawanga 50, ebitundu bya U.S. bina wamu n’ebizinga ebikolagana n’amawanga ago, District of Columbia, ne New York City nga 12 Ogwokubiri – 28 Ogwokusatu, 2020 ng’ennaku z’omwezi ezitandikirwako.
Cases among persons repatriated to the United States from Wuhan, China, and the Diamond Princess cruise ship were excluded.
Abalwadde abaali mu bantu abazzibwa mu United States okuva mu Wuhan, China, ne Diamond Princess cruise ship tebaabalibwa.
For cases with missing onset dates, date of onset was estimated by subtracting 4 days (median interval from symptom onset to specimen collection date among cases with known dates in these data) from the earliest specimen collection.
Ku balwadde abataliiko nnaku za mwezi zitandikirwako, ennaku z’omwezi ezitandikirwako zaateeberezebwa na kwawula nnaku 4 (omuwendo omukkati okuva obubonero lwe bwatandika okulabika n’ennaku z’omwezi ezimanyiddwa lwe baggyibwako sampolo mu balwadde abamnyiddwako ennaku z’omwezi ku bubaka bwabwe) okuva ku sampolo ezaasooka okukuŋŋaanyizibwa.
Public health departments reported cases to CDC using a standardized case report form that captures information (yes, no, or unknown) on the following conditions and potential risk factors: chronic lung disease (inclusive of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], and emphysema); diabetes mellitus; cardiovascular disease; chronic renal disease; chronic liver disease; immunocompromised condition; neurologic disorder, neurodevelopmental, or intellectual disability; pregnancy; current smoking status; former smoking status; or other chronic disease.
Ebitongole by’Ebyobulamu byategeeza CDC nti waaliwo abalwadde nga bikozesa alipoota eyali etegekeddwa okuva mu bubaka obwakuŋŋaanyizibwanga (yee, nedda, tekimanyiddwa) ku mbeera zino wammanga n’ensonga eziyinza okuba ez’obulabe: obulwadde bw’amawuggwe obw’olukonvuba (omwo nga mwe muli olufuba, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], ne emphysema); sukaali (diabetes mellitus); obulwadde bw’omutima (cardiovascula disease); obulwadde bw’ensigo obw’olukonvuba (chronic renal disease); obulwadde bw’ekibumba obw’olukonvuba (chronic liver disease); obusibage obutakola (immunocompromised condition); obuzibu ku muyungiro gw’obusimu (neurologic disorder), obulemu ku busimu (neurodevelopmental disability), oba obulemu ku bwongo (intellectual disability); abalina embuto; okunywa oba obutanywa sigala mu kiseera kino; eyali anyweddeko oba atanywangako ku sigala oba endwadde endala ez’olukonvuba.
Data reported to CDC are preliminary and can be updated by health departments over time; critical data elements might be missing at the time of initial report; thus, this analysis is descriptive, and no statistical comparisons could be made.
Obubaka obuweerezebwa CDC bwa kiseera era busobola okutereezebwa ebitongole by’ebyobulamu nga wayise ekiseera; wayinza okubaawo ebibula mu bubaka obwo mu kiseera we busooka okuweerezebwa; noolwekyo okwekenneenya kuno kunnyonnyozi era tewali bibalo byandiyinzizza kukolebwa.
The percentages of patients of all ages with underlying health conditions who were not hospitalized, hospitalized without ICU admission, and hospitalized with ICU admission were calculated.
Emiwendo ku kikumi egy’abalwadde ab’emyaka gyonna abalina obulwadde bwe baasangibwa nabwo abataaweebwa bitanda, abaaweebwa ebitanda ne bataweebwa bujjanjabi bwa maanyi, n’abaaweebwa ebitanda ne baweebwa objjanjabi obw’amaanyi gyabalibwa.
Percentages of hospitalizations with and without ICU admission were estimated for persons aged ≥19 years with and without underlying health conditions.
Emiwendo ku kikumi egy’abalwadde abaaweebwa ebitanda mu malwaliro ne bassibwa ku bujjanjabi obw’amaanyi n’obutali bwa maanyi bwateeberezebwa okuba mu bantu abalina emyaka ≥19 abaasangibwa n’abataasangibwa na bulwadde bulala.
This part of the analysis was limited to persons aged ≥19 years because of the small sample size of cases in children with reported underlying health conditions (N = 32).
Ekitundu ky’okwekaliriza kino kyakugirwa ku bantu abalina emyaka ≥19 olw’omuwendo gw’abaana omutono ogugeraageranyizibwako abaategeezebwa nga baasangibwamu endwadde endala (N = 32).
To account for missing data among these preliminary reports, ranges were estimated with a lower bound including cases with both known and unknown status for hospitalization with and without ICU admission as the denominator and an upper bound using only cases with known outcome status as the denominator.
Okusobola okufaayo ku bubaka obubulako mu alipoota ez’ekiseera, emiwendo egy’ebigero gyateeberezebwa n’egya wansi omwo nga mwe muli n’abalwadde abamanyiddwa n’abatamanyiddwa oba baafuna ebitanda mu malwaliro ne bafuna oba ne batafuna bujjanjabi bwa najwulo nga kye kikozesebwa ng’ekisalirwako ate era n’okusalira ku balwadde abamanyiddwako embeera y’obulamu bwabwe nga bamaze okukeberebwa.
Because of small sample size and missing data on underlying health conditions among COVID-19 patients who died, case-fatality rates for persons with and without underlying conditions were not estimated.
Olw’omuwendo omutono ogugeraageranyizibwako n’obubaka obutaliiwo ku bulwadde abalwadde ba COVID-19 bwe baasangibwa nabwo naye ng’abalwadde abo baafa, emiwendo gy’abalwadde abaafa nga balina oba nga tebalina bulwadde bulala tegyateeberezebwa.
As of March 28, 2020, a total of 122,653 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases (Figure) and 2,112 deaths were reported to CDC.
Nga 28 Ogwokusatu 2020, omugatte gw’abalwadde 122,653 abaakeberebwa mu ggezeserezo ne bakakasibwa nti balina COVID-19 (Ekifaananyi) n’abaafa 2,112 be baaweerezebwa ku CDC.
Case report forms were submitted to CDC for 74,439 (60.7%) cases.
Foomu z’abalwadde 74,439 (60.7%) enzijuze zaaweerezebwa ku CDC.
Data on presence or absence of underlying health conditions and other recognized risk factors for severe outcomes from respiratory infections (i.e., smoking and pregnancy) were available for 7,162 (5.8%) patients (Table 1).
Obubaka ku baasangibwa n’obulwadde oba abataasangibwa nabwo n’obuzibu obulala obw’obulabe ku muyungiro gw’okussa (kwe kugamba, okunywa sigala n’okubeera n’olubuto) bwaliwo era nga bwa balwadde 7,162 (5.8%) (Omweso 1).
Approximately one third of these patients (2,692, 37.6%), had at least one underlying condition or risk factor.
Mu kuteebereza, abalwadde ebitundu nga kimu kyakusatu (2,692, 37.6%), baasangibwa n’obulwadde oba n’obuzibu obw’obulabe.
Diabetes mellitus (784, 10.9%), chronic lung disease (656, 9.2%), and cardiovascular disease (647, 9.0%) were the most frequently reported conditions among all cases.
Sukaali (diabetes mellitus) (784, 10.9%), obulwadde bw’ekibumba obw’olukonvuba (656, 9.2%), n’obulwadde bw’omutima (647, 9.0%) bwe bulwadde obwasinga okulabika mu balwadde bonna.
Among 457 ICU admissions and 1,037 non-ICU hospitalizations, 358 (78%) and 732 (71%), respectively occurred among persons with one or more reported underlying health condition.
Mu balwadde 457 abaaweebwa ebitanda ne bassibwa ku bujjanjabi obw’amaanyi n’abalwadde 1,037 abaaweebwa ebitanda naye ne batassibwa ku bujjanjabi bwa maanyi, 358 (78%) ne 732 (71%), ng’emiwendo bwe gigoberegana be baazuulibwa mu balwadde abaasangibwa n’obulwadde obw’engeri emu oba okusingawo.
In contrast, 1,388 of 5,143 (27%) COVID-19 patients who were not hospitalized were reported to have at least one underlying health condition.
Mu kugeraageranya, abalwadde 1,388 ku 5,143 (27%) abalina COVID-19 abataaweebwa bitanda mu ddwaliro baategeeza nti baasangibwa waakiri n’obulwadde obw’engeri emu.
Among patients aged ≥19 years, the percentage of non-ICU hospitalizations was higher among those with underlying health conditions (27.3%–29.8%) than among those without underlying health conditions (7.2%–7.8%); the percentage of cases that resulted in an ICU admission was also higher for those with underlying health conditions (13.3%–14.5%) than those without these conditions (2.2%–2.4%) (Table 2).
Mu balwadde abaalina emyaka ≥19, omuwendo ku kikumi ogw’abalwadde abaaweebwa ebitanda naye ne batassibwa ku bujjanjabi bwa maanyi gwali munene ku abo abaasangibwa n’obulwadde obulala (27.3%–29.8%) okusinga abo abataasangibwa na bulwadde bulala (7.2%–7.8%); omuwendo gw’abalwadde ku kimu abaaweebwa ebitanda ne bassibwa ku bujjanjabi obw’amaanyi nagwo gwali waggulu mu balwadde abaasangibwa n’obulwadde obulala (13.3%–14.5%) okusinga abo abataasangibwa na bulwadde bulala (2.2%–2.4%) (Omweso 2).
Small numbers of COVID-19 patients aged &lt; 19 years were reported to be hospitalized (48) or admitted to an ICU (eight).
Omuwendo gw’abalwadde ba COVID-19 mutono abaalina emyaka egikka wansi wa 19 kyategeerekeka nti baaweebwa ebitanda (48) oba baaweebwa obujjanjabi obw’amaanyi (munaana).
In contrast, 335 patients aged &lt; 19 years were not hospitalized and 1,342 had missing data on hospitalization.
Mu kugeraageranya, abalwadde 335 abaalina emyaka egikka wansi wa 19 tebaaweebwa bitanda ate 1,342 tebaalina biboogerako kulaga oba nga baaweewa ebitanda.
Among all COVID-19 patients with complete information on underlying conditions or risk factors, 184 deaths occurred (all among patients aged ≥19 years); 173 deaths (94%) were reported among patients with at least one underlying condition.
Mu balwadde ba COVID-19 abaalina obubaka obujjuvu ku bulwadde obulala bwe baasangibwa nabwo, abalwadde 184 baafa (bonna baali mu balwadde ab’emyaka ≥19); abaafa 173 (94%) kyategeezebwa nti baali mu balwadde abaasangibwa waakiri n’obulwadde obulala.
Among 122,653 U.S. COVID-19 cases reported to CDC as of March 28, 2020, 7,162 (5.8%) patients had data available pertaining to underlying health conditions or potential risk factors; among these patients, higher percentages of patients with underlying conditions were admitted to the hospital and to an ICU than patients without reported underlying conditions.
Mu balwadde 122,653 mu U.S. aba COVID-19 abaaweerezebwa ku CDC nga 28 Ogwokusatu 2020, abalwadde 7,162 (5.8%) baalina obubaka obubakwatako ku ndwadde endala ze baasangibwa nazo oba obulabe obulala; mu balwadde abo, omuwendo ku kikumi munene ku abo abaasangibwa n’obulwadde obulala baaweebwa ebitanda era ne bassibwa ne ku bujjanjabi obw’amaanyi okusinga abalwadde abataasangibwa na bulwadde bulala.
These results are consistent with findings from China and Italy, which suggest that patients with underlying health conditions and risk factors, including, but not limited to, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, COPD, coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic renal disease, and smoking, might be at higher risk for severe disease or death from COVID-19.
Ebyazuulibwa bino bikwatagana n’ebyazuulibwa mu China ne Italy, ekitegeeza nti abalwadde abaalina endwadde endala n’obulabe obulala ng’obumu ku bwo mulimu sukaali (diabetes mellitus), puleesa (hypertension), COPD, obulwadde bw’omusiwa ogutwala omusaayi ku mutima, obulwadde bw’obwongo (cerebrovascular disease), chronic renal disease, n’okunywa sigala, bayinza okuba n’emikisa gy’okulwala ennyo oba okuttibwa COVID-19.
This analysis was limited by small numbers and missing data because of the burden placed on reporting health departments with rapidly rising case counts, and these findings might change as additional data become available.
Okwekaliriza kuno kwakomerwa emiwendo emitono n’obubaka obutaaliwo olw’okukaluubirirwa ebitongole by’ebyobulamu kwe byasanga mu kutegeeza obubaka obwo olw’obungi bw’abalwadde abeeyiwa mu malwaliro, era ebyazuulibwa bino biyinza okukyusa obubaka obulala bwe bunaafunika.
It is not yet known whether the severity or level of control of underlying health conditions affects the risk for severe disease associated with COVID-19.
Tekinnaba kutegeerekeka oba ng’obuzibu bw’obulwadde obulala omuntu bw’aba nabwo oba okujjanjaba obulwadde obulala omuntu bwasangiddwa nabwo kikosa obulabe bw’obulwadde obw’amaanyi omuntu bwe yandifunye nga buva ku COVID-19.
Many of these underlying health conditions are common in the United States: based on self-reported 2018 data, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes among U.S. adults was 10.1%, and the U.S. age-adjusted prevalence of all types of heart disease (excluding hypertension without other heart disease) was 10.6% in 2017.
Obulwadde obwo obulala bwa mwero nnyo mu United States: okusinziira ku bubaka abantu bennyini bwe beewaako mu 2018, omuwendo gw’abalwadde ba sukaali abaasangibwa mu bantu abakulu mu U.S. baali ebitundu 10.1%, ate omuwendo ogwakyusibwamu mu U.S. ogw’abalwadde abalina obulwadde bw’omutima obw’engeri zonna (ng’oggyeeko puleesa omutali ndwadde za mutima ndala) gwali 10.6% mu 2017.
The age-adjusted prevalence of COPD among U.S. adults is 5.9%, and in 2018, the U.S. estimated prevalence of current asthma among persons of all ages was 7.9%.
Emyaka bwe gyakyusibwamu obulwadde bwa COPD mu bantu abakulu mu U.S. ne gidda ku 5.9%, ate mu 2018, U.S. yateebereza nti obulwadde bw’olufuba obwali mu bantu ab’emyaka gyonna bwali ku 7.9%.
CDC continues to develop and update resources for persons with underlying health conditions to reduce the risk of acquiring COVID-19.
CDC kigenda mu maaso n’okukulaakulanya n’okuzza obuggya ebikozesebwa abantu abalina obulwadde obulala okusobola okukendeeza ku bulabe bw’okukwatibwa COVID-19.
The estimated higher prevalence of these conditions among those in this early group of U.S. COVID-19 patients and the potentially higher risk for more severe disease from COVID-19 associated with the presence of underlying conditions highlight the importance of COVID-19 prevention in persons with underlying conditions.
Omuwendo oguteeberezebwa ogw’embeera ezo mu abo abali mu kibinja kino ekyasooka eky’abalwadde ba COVID-19 mu U.S. abalwadde ba COVID-19 wamu n’obulabe obw’amaani obw’obulwadde obw’obulabe obuva ku COVID-19 obwekwanya n’obulwadde obulala bwe baalina bulaga bulungi omugaso gw’okutangira COVID-19 mu bantu abalina obulwadde obulala.
The findings in this report are subject to at least six limitations.
Ebizuuliddwa ebiri mu alipoota eno bikugirwa waakiri ebintu mukaaga.
First, these data are preliminary, and the analysis was limited by missing data related to the health department reporting burden associated with rapidly rising case counts and delays in completion of information requiring medical chart review; these findings might change as additional data become available.
Ekisooka, obubaka buno bwe busookerwako era okwekaliriza kwakugirwa obubaka obwekwanya ku kitongole ky’ebyobulamu ekyategeeza obuzito bw’okufuna abalwadde abangi wamu n’okulwawo okujjuza obubaka obwali bwetaagisa okwekaliriza ekipande ky’omulwadde; ebyazuulibwa bino bisobola okukyuka obubaka obulala bwe bunaafunika.
Information on underlying conditions was only available for 7,162 (5.8%) of 122,653 cases reported to CDC.
Obubaka obukwata ku ndwadde endala abantu ze balina bwaliwo ku balwadde 7,162 (5.8%) ku 122,653 abaaweerezebwa ku CDC.
It cannot be assumed that those with missing information are similar to those with data on either hospitalizations or underlying health conditions.
Tekisobola kutwalibwa butwalibwa nti abo abataliiko bubaka obwo be bamu n’abo abalina obubaka ku kuweebwa ebitanda oba abaasangibwa n’endwadde endala.
Second, these data are subject to bias in outcome ascertainment because of short follow-up time.
Ekyokubiri, obubaka buno bwandibaamu kyekubiira ku bivaamu olw’obudde bw’okulondoola okubeera obumpi.
Some outcomes might be underestimated, and long-term outcomes cannot be assessed in this analysis.
Ebivaamu ebirala biyinza obutateeberezebwa bulungi ate ebivaamu eby’ebbanga eggwanvu tebisobola kwekalirizibwa mu kwekenneenya kuno.
Third, because of the limited availability of testing in many jurisdictions during this period, this analysis is likely biased toward more severe cases, and findings might change as testing becomes more widespread.
Ekyokusatu, olw’obufunda bw’okukebera mu bifo ebimu mu kiseera kino, okwekenneenya kuno kulabika okubeeramu kyekubiira ku balwadde abali obubi ennyo era ebizuuliddwa bino bisobola okukyuka obubaka obulala bwe bunaafunika.
Fourth, because of the descriptive nature of these data, attack rates among persons with and without underlying health conditions could not be compared, and thus the risk difference of severe disease with COVID-19 between these groups could not be estimated.
Ekyokuna, olw’okuba obubaka buno bunnyonnyozi okulwala kw’abantu abaalina n’abataalina bulwadde kusobola okugeraageranyizibwa era bwe kityo enjawulo mu bulabe bw’obulwadde bwa COVID-19 wakati w’ebibinja bino busobola okuteebereebwa.
Fifth, no conclusions could be drawn about underlying conditions that were not included in the case report form or about different conditions that were reported in a single, umbrella category.
Ekyokutaanu, tewali kukubira kuyinza kutuukibwako ku bulwadde abantu bwe baasangibwa nabwo obutaateekebwa ku foomu y’alipoota z’abwalwadde oba ku mbeera ez’enjawulo ezaategeezebwa ku kibinja ky’abalwadde ab’ekika ekimu.
For example, asthma and COPD were included in a chronic lung disease category.
Okugeza, olufuba ne COPD bwateekebwa mu kibinja ky’obulwadde bw’amawuggwe obw’olukonvuba.
Finally, for some underlying health conditions and risk factors, including neurologic disorders, chronic liver disease, being a current smoker, and pregnancy, few severe outcomes were reported; therefore, conclusions cannot be drawn about the risk for severe COVID-19 among persons in these groups.
Ekisembayo, ku bulwadde obulala abantu bwe baali nabwo n’obulabe obulala omwo nga mwe muli n’obulemu ku bwongo, obulwadde bw’ekibumba obw’olukonvuba, okubeera ng’onywa sigala mu kiseera kino n’okubeera n’olubuto, ebivaamu bitono ebyategeezebwa; awo nno, tewali kukubira kuyinza kutuukibwako ku bulabe bwa COVID-19 mu bantu abagwa mu bibinja bino.
Persons in the United States with underlying health conditions appear to be at higher risk for more severe COVID-19, consistent with findings from other countries.
Abantu b’omu United States abalina obulwadde obulala balabika okuba n’obulabe bwa maanyi okukosebwa ennyo COVID-19, era nga kino kifaanagana n’ebyazuulibwa mu mawanga amalala.
Persons with underlying health conditions who have symptoms of COVID-19, including fever, cough, or shortness of breath, should immediately contact their health care provider.
Abantu abalina obulwadde obulala era nga balina obubonero bwa COVID-19, omuli olusujja, okukolola, oba okukaluubirirwa mu kussa, balina okutuukirira abasawo baabwe amangu ddala.
These persons should take steps to protect themselves from COVID-19, through washing their hands; cleaning and disinfecting high-touch surfaces; and social distancing, including staying at home, avoiding crowds, gatherings, and travel, and avoiding contact with persons who are ill.
Abantu bano balina okubaako bye bakola okwetangira COVID-19, nga banaaba engalo; okulongoosa n’okutta obuwuka kungulu kw’ebintu; n’okwewa amabanga, omwo nga mwe muli okubeera ewaka, okwewala ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi, enkuŋŋaana, n’okutambula, n’okwewala okukwatagana n’abantu abalwadde.
Maintaining at least a 30-day supply of medication, a 2-week supply of food and other necessities, and knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms are recommended for those with underlying health conditions.
Okubeera n’eddagala lya nnaku waakiri 30, okugula emmere ya wiiki 2 n’ebyetaagisa ebirala n’okumanya obubonero bwa COVID-19 bisembebwa okufiibwako eri abantu abalina obulwadde obulala.
All persons should take steps to protect themselves from COVID-19 and to protect others.
Abantu bonna balina okubaako bye bakola okwekuuma COVID-19 ate n’okukuuma abalala.
All persons who are ill should stay home, except to get medical care; should not go to work; and should stay away from others.
Abantu bonna abalwadde balina okusigala ewaka, okuggyako nga bagenda kufuna ddagala; tebalina kugenda kukola; era balina okwewala okusemberera abantu abalala.
This is especially important for those who work with persons with underlying conditions or who otherwise are at high risk for severe outcomes from COVID-19.
Okusingira ddala, kino kikulu eri abo abakola n’abantu abalina obulwadde obulala oba abo abali mu bulabe obw’amaanyi obw’okukosebwa ennyo COVID-19.
Community mitigation strategies, which aim to slow the spread of COVID-19, are important to protect all persons from COVID-19, especially persons with underlying health conditions and other persons at risk for severe COVID-19–associated disease (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/downloads/community-mitigation-strategy.pdf).
Obukodyo bw’ekitundu obukugira, obuyamba okukendeeza ku kusaasaana kwa COVID-19, bukulu mu kutangira abantu obutakwatibwa COVID-19, naddala abantu abalina endwadde endala n’abo abali mu buzibu bw’okulumbibwa endwadde endala ezeekuusa ku COVID-19 (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/downloads/community-mitigation-strategy.pdf).
What is already known about this topic?
Kiki ekimanyiddwa ku nsonga eno?
Published reports from China and Italy suggest that risk factors for severe COVID-19 disease include underlying health conditions, but data describing underlying health conditions among U.S. COVID-19 patients have not yet been reported.
Alipoota ezifulumiziddwa okuva mu China ne Italy ziraga nti ensonga ez’obulabe ku COVID-19 ow’amaanyi mulimu endwadde endala naye obubaka obunnyonnyola endwadde endala mu balwadde ba U.S. abalina COVID-19 bwe balina tebunnaba kutegeezebwa.
What is added by this report?
Kipya ki ekiri mu alipoota eno?
Based on preliminary U.S. data, persons with underlying health conditions such as diabetes mellitus, chronic lung disease, and cardiovascular disease, appear to be at higher risk for severe COVID-19–associated disease than persons without these conditions.
Okusinziira ku bubaka obusookerwako mu U.S., abantu abalina obulwadde obulala gamba nga sukaali, obulwadde bw’amawuggwe obw’olukonvuba (chronic lung disease), n’obulwadde bw’omutima, balabika okubeera mu bulabe bw’endwadde ezeekuusa ku COVID-19 ez’amaanyi okusinga abo abatalina bulwadde bwa ngeri eyo.
What are the implications for public health practice?
Bino bitegeeza ki eri ebyobulamu mu mbeera z’abantu?
Strategies to protect all persons and especially those with underlying health conditions, including social distancing and handwashing, should be implemented by all communities and all persons to help slow the spread of COVID-19.
Obukodyo bw’okukuuma abantu bonna naddala abo abalina endwadde endala, omwo nga mwe muli n’okwesuula amabanga n’okunaaba mu ngalo, bulina okukolebwako abantu bonna mu bitundu byabwe wamu n’abantu bonna kiyambeko mu kukendeeza ku nsaasaana ya COVID-19.
Emergence of a Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): Protocol for Extending Surveillance Used by the Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre and Public Health England
Okubalukawo kw’Akawuka ka Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): Enseetuka y’Okwongezaayo Okulondoola okukolebwa Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre and Public Health England
The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) and Public Health England (PHE) have successfully worked together on the surveillance of influenza and other infectious diseases for over 50 years, including three previous pandemics.
Ekitongole kya The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) ne Public Health England (PHE) bikoze bulungi mu kulondoola yegu (influenza) n’obulwadde obulala obusiigibwa okumala emyaka 50, omwo nga mwe muli ne nawookeera wa mirundi esatu mu bbanga eriyise.
With the emergence of the international outbreak of the coronavirus infection (COVID-19), a UK national approach to containment has been established to test people suspected of exposure to COVID-19.
Nawookeera wa coronavirus (COVID-19) bwe yabulakawo mu nsi yonna, enteekateeka y’okumulwanyisa yakolebwa mu UK okukebera abantu abateeberezebwa okubeera ne COVID-19.
At the same time and separately, the RCGP RSC’s surveillance has been extended to monitor the temporal and geographical distribution of COVID-19 infection in the community as well as assess the effectiveness of the containment strategy.
Mu kiseera kyekimu ate mu ngeri ey’enjawulo, okulondoola kwa RCGP RSC kwongezeddwayo okulondoola eby’omunda n’eby’omu bitundu ebirala ebikwata ku bulwadde bwa COVID-19 wamu n’okwekaliriza enkola y’obukodyo obukozesebwa okulwanyisa obulwadde buno.
The aims of this study are to surveil COVID-19 in both asymptomatic populations and ambulatory cases with respiratory infections, ascertain both the rate and pattern of COVID-19 spread, and assess the effectiveness of the containment policy.
Ekiruubirirwa ky’okunoonyereza kuno kwe kulondoola COVID-19 mu bantu abeeyolekerako obubonero n’abo abalondoolwa obulondoolwa abalina obuzibu mu kussa, okukenga omuwendo n’ensaasaana ya COVID-19 wamu n’okwekaliriza enkola y’obukodyo bw’okutangira ekirwadde kino.
The RCGP RSC, a network of over 500 general practices in England, extract pseudonymized data weekly.
Ekitongole kya RCGP RSC, omuli abakola ku byobulamu abasukka mu 500 mu Bungereza bafuna obubaka obukwekeze buli wiiki.
This extended surveillance comprises of five components: (1) Recording in medical records of anyone suspected to have or who has been exposed to COVID-19.
Okulondoola kuno okwongezeddwayo kulimu ebintu bitaanu: (1) Okuwandiika mu biwandiiko by’ekisawo eby’omuntu yenna ateeberezebwa okubeera oba alina COVID-19.
Computerized medical records suppliers have within a week of request created new codes to support this.
Ebiwandiiko by’ekisawo eby’oku kompyuta abaweereza bye babeera nabyo mu wiiki emu mwe babisabidde kyaleetawo enkola empya okuwagira kino.
(2) Extension of current virological surveillance and testing people with influenza-like illness or lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI)—with the caveat that people suspected to have or who have been exposed to COVID-19 should be referred to the national containment pathway and not seen in primary care.
(2) Okugaziya okulondoola kw’okunoonyereza n’okukebera abantu abalina yegu (influenza) oba obulwadde bw’omuyungiro gw’okussa ogwa wansi (lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI))—nga waliwo akakwakkulizo nti abantu abateeberezebwa oba abalina COVID-19 balina okuweerezebwa bakolebweko ng’enteekateeka z’eggwanga bwe ziri so si kukolebwako mu malwaliro agasookerwako.
(3) Serology sample collection across all age groups.
(3) Okufuna sampolo z’oluzzizzi mu bantu ab’emyaka gyonna.
This will be an extra blood sample taken from people who are attending their general practice for a scheduled blood test.
Wajja kubaawo sampolo y’omusaayi endala eneggyibwa ku bantu abakola emirimu gyabwe egy’ekisawo egya bulijjo era ng’omusaayi ogwo gwa kukebera okuteeketeeke.
The 100 general practices currently undertaking annual influenza virology surveillance will be involved in the extended virological and serological surveillance.
Abakola ku byobulamu eby’awamu 100 abakola ku kulondoola obuwuka bwa yegu okwa buli mwaka bajja kwetaba mu kulondoola okwongezebwayo okwekenneenya obuwuka ne sampolo (virological and serological surveillance).
(4) Collecting convalescent serum samples.
(4) Okukuŋŋaanya sampolo ku abo abawonye obulwadde (convalescent serum samples).
We have the opportunity to escalate the data extraction to twice weekly if needed.
Tulina omukisa okugaziya enkuŋŋaanya y’obubaka okudda ku mirundi ebiri buli wiiki bwe kiba nga kyetaagisa.
Swabs and sera will be analyzed in PHE reference laboratories.
Obugoye obuyisibwa mu kamwa n’oluzzizzi bijja kwekalirizibwa mu magazeserezo ga PHE.
General practice clinical system providers have introduced an emergency new set of clinical codes to support COVID-19 surveillance.
Abakola ku byekisawo eby’awamu bataddewo enkola ez’amangu empya okuyamba mu kuwagira okulondoola kwa COVID-19.
Additionally, practices participating in current virology surveillance are now taking samples for COVID-19 surveillance from low-risk patients presenting with LRTIs.
Mu ngeri y’emu, abakola ku kulondoola okwekenneenya obuwuka kati bakuŋŋaanya sampolo za kulondoola COVID-19 okuva ku balwadde abataliiko bulabe bwa maanyi abalina LRTIs.
Within the first 2 weeks of setup of this surveillance, we have identified 3 cases: 1 through the new coding system, the other 2 through the extended virology sampling.
Mu wiiki ezaasooka 2 ez’okuteekawo okulondoola kuno tufunyeeyo abalwadde 3: 1 ng’avudde mu nkola empya, ate abalala 2 okuva mu kwongezaayo okukuŋŋaanya sampolo z’okwekenneenya obuwuka.
We have rapidly converted the established national RCGP RSC influenza surveillance system into one that can test the effectiveness of the COVID-19 containment policy.
Tukyusizza mu bwangu omuyungiro gwa RCGP RSC ogw’okulondoola yegu ne tugufuulamu ogwo ogusobola okukebera enkola y’okulwanyisa COVID-19.
The extended surveillance has already seen the use of new codes with 3 cases reported.
Okulondoola okwongezeddwayo kuteereddwamu enkozesa ya koodi empya n’abalwadde 3 ne bamanyibwa.
Rapid sharing of this protocol should enable scientific critique and shared learning.
Okugabana amangu enkola/enseetuka eno kusobola okusobozesa okukolokota kw’ekinnassaayansi wamu n’okuyigira awamu.
The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) is a network of general practices (GPs) with a nationally representative population that provides pseudonymized data for weekly surveillance of infectious diseases.
Ekitongole kya Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) ntabiro ya kukolera wamu (GPs) n’abantu abakiikirira abalala mu ggwanga lyonna abaggyibwako obukwekeze buli wiiki ey’okulondoola endwadde ezisiigibwa.
The disease surveillance program is commissioned by Public Health England (PHE) and covers 37 infectious diseases, including influenza.
Enteekateeka y’okulondoola endwadde yassibwawo Ekitongole ky’Ebyobulamu mu Bungereza (Public Health England (PHE)) era nga kikola ku ndwadde ezisiigibwa 37 omwo nga mwe muli ne yegu.
The RCGP RSC and PHE have an established collaboration of over 50 years in influenza and respiratory disease surveillance and are now in their 53rd season of surveillance and analysis.
RCGP RSC ne PHE birina enkolagana eyassibwawo emaze emyaka egisukka mu 50 mu kukola ku yegu n’endwadde z’omuyungiro gw’okussa era kati bali mu kiseera kya 53 mu kulondoola n’okwekaliriza.