atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
Arts and culture sector organizations attempted to uphold their (often publicly funded) mission to provide access to cultural heritage to the community, maintain the safety of their employees and the public, and support artists where possible.
Ebitongole by’okuyiiya n’obuwangwa byagezaako okusigala nga bikola emirimu gyabyo (nga gino gitera okubeera nga gusasulirwa bantu) egy’okukkiriza abantu okugenda mu bifo by’obuwangwa, okukuuma abakozi baabyo n’abantu abalala nga balamu, n’okuyamba abayiiya we kiba kyetaagisizza.
By March 2020, across the world and to varying degrees, museums, libraries, performance venues, and other cultural institutions had been indefinitely closed with their exhibitions, events and performances cancelled or postponed.
Mu Gwokusatu 2020, mu nsi yonna, amakaddiyiro, amaterekero g’ebitabo, ebifo ewategekerwa ebiyiiye, n’ebitongole by’ebyobuwangwa ebirala byali biggaddwa nga n’emyoleso, n’emikolo emirala gisaziddwamu oba gyongezeddwayo.
In response there were intensive efforts to provide alternative services through digital platforms.Another recent and rapidly accelerating fallout of the disease is the cancellation of religious services, major events in sports, and other social events, such as music festivals and concerts, technology conferences, and fashion shows.
Oluvannyuma lwa kino waaliwo kaweefube ow’amaanyi okutuusa ku bantu obuweereza nga bayita ku mikutu gya kompyuta. Ekintu ekirala ekivudde mu bulwadde kwe kuyimiriza obuweereza bw’eddiini, ebyemizannyo, ebintu ebirala ebikwata ku byokwesanyusa, ng’ebivvulu by’ennyimba ne konsati, emisomo gya tekinologiya, n’emikolo gy’emisono.
The film industry has also experienced disruption.The Vatican announced that Holy Week observances in Rome, which occur during the last week of the Christian penitential season of Lent, have been cancelled.
Ekisaawe kya cinema nakyo kifunye okutaataaganyizibwa. Vatican yalangirira nti okukuza Wiiki Entukuvu mu Rooma, okubaawo mu wiiki y’Ekisiibo esembayo, kusaziddwamu.
Many dioceses have recommended older Christians to stay at home rather than attending Mass on Sundays; some churches have made church services available via radio, online live streaming or television while others are offering drive-in worship.
Amasaza mangi gaasaba Abakristu abakadde okusigala eka mu kifo ky’okusoma Emmisa ku Sande; kkereziya ezimu zaateeka okusaba ku leediyo, ku yintaneeti oba ku ttivvi so ng’abalala basaba nga tebavudde mu bidduka byabwe (drive-in worship).
With the Roman Catholic Diocese of Rome closing its churches and chapels and St. Peter's Square emptied of Christian pilgrims, other religious bodies also cancelled services and limited public gatherings in churches, mosques, synagogues, temples and gurdwaras.
Essaza ly’Abakatoliki e Rooma bwe lyaggala Kkereziya zaalyo ne kkereziya z’omu St. Peter's Square ne ziggwaamu abalamazi, eddiini endala nazo zaasazaamu okusaba kwazo era ne zikendeeza ku nkuŋŋaana z’abantu mu makanisa, emizikiti, sinaagooga, ebiggwa ne gwadala.
Iran's Health Ministry announced the cancellation of Friday prayers in areas affected by the outbreak and shrines were later closed, while Saudi Arabia banned the entry of foreign pilgrims as well as its residents to holy sites in Mecca and Medina.
Minisitule ya Iran ey’Ebyobulamu yalangirira okusazaamu okusaala kw’Olwokutaano mu bitundu ebikoseddwa obulwadde era amasinzizo oluvannyuma ne gaggalwa, so nga Saudi Arabia yayimiriza abalamazi okuva ebweru w’eggwanga awamu ne bannansi baayo okuyingira mu bifo ebitukuvu ekya Mecca ne Medina.
The pandemic has caused the most significant disruption to the worldwide sporting calendar since the Second World War.
Ekirwadde kyaleetawo okutaataaganyizibwa mu kalenda y’ebyemizannyo okukyasinze okuba okw’amaanyi okuva mu Ssematalo Owookubiri.
Most major sporting events have been either cancelled or postponed, including the 2019–20 UEFA Champions League, 2019–20 Premier League, UEFA Euro 2020, 2019–20 NBA season, and 2019–20 NHL season.
Ebyemizannyo ebisinga ettutumu bingi byasazibwamu oba byayongezebwayo, omuli UEFA Champions League ya 2019–20, Premier League wa 2019–20, UEFA Euro 2020, NBA wa 2019–20, ne NHL wa 2019–20.
The outbreak disrupted plans for the 2020 Summer Olympics, which were originally scheduled to start at the end of July; the International Olympic Committee announced on 24 March that the event will be "rescheduled to a date beyond 2020 but not later than summer 2021".Casinos and other gaming venues worldwide have closed and live poker tournaments have been either postponed or cancelled.
Ekirwadde kyataataaganya enteekateeka za Summer Olympics wa 2020, ezaali zitegekeddwa okutandika ku nkomerero y’Ogwomusanvu; International Olympic Committee ayalangirira nga 24 Ogwokusatu nti emizannyo gijja “kuddamu gitegekebwe oluvannyuma lwa 2020 naye obutasukka summer wa 2021". Casino n’ebifo by’ebyemizannyo ebirala mu nsi yonna byaggalwawo n’empaka z’emizannyo gy’oku mmeeza (poker tournaments) nazo zaayongezebwayo oba okusazibwamu.
This has led many gamblers to move online, with many online gambling sites reporting significant increases in their rates of new sign-ups.The entertainment industry has also been affected, with various music groups suspending or cancelling concert tours.
Kino kiviiriddeko abazannyi ba zzaala bangi okugenda ku yintaneeti, nga kati emikutu gya zzaala w’oku yintaneeti giraga nti omuwendo gw’abagyetabako gulinnye nnyo. Ekisaawe ky’ebyokusanyusa abantu nakyo kikoseddwa nnyo, ng’ebibiina by’abayimbi bingi bisazizzaamu oba biyimirizza eŋŋendo za konsati zaabyo.
Many large theatres such as those on Broadway also suspended all performances.
Thieta ennene nnyingi okugeza ezo eziri ku Broadway nazo zaasazaamu ebivvulu byazo byonna.
Some artists have explored ways to continue to produce and share work over the internet as an alternative to traditional live performance, such as live streaming concerts or creating web-based "festivals" for artists to perform, distribute, and publicize their work.
Abayimbi abamu bagezezzaako ku ngeri endala ez’okufulumya n’okugabana emirimu gyabwe nga bayita ku yintaneeti mu kifo ky’enkola eya bulijjo ey’okuyimbira abantu obutereevu, okugeza konsati z’oku yintaneeti (live streaming concerts) oba okussaawo “ebivvulu” by’oku yintaneeti (web-based "festivals") abayimbi mwe basobolera okuyimba, okusaasaanya, n’okulanga emirimu gyabwe.
Online, numerous coronavirus-themed Internet memes have spread as many turn to humour and distraction amid uncertainty.
Ku yintaneeti, obubaka obugingirire obukwata ku coronavirus busaasaanye olw’abantu abangi okutandika okukifuula eky’okuseka n’okuzannya wakati mu butamanya kituufu.
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, heightened prejudice, xenophobia, and racism have been noted toward people of Chinese and East Asian descent, and against people from hotspots in Europe, the United States and other countries.
Okuva COVID-19 lwe yabalukawo, waliwo okusalira abalala omusango, obukyayi bw’amawanga, n’obusosoze mu mawanga ebirabiddwako eri abantu abasibuka mu China ne East Asia, n’eri abantu abava mu bitundu ebikoseddwa ennyo mu Bulaaya, United States n’amawanga amalala.
Incidents of fear, suspicion, and hostility have been observed in many countries, particularly in Europe, East Asia, North America, and the Asia-Pacific region.
Waliwo okutya, okusongwamu ennwe, n’obukambwe ebirabiddwako mu mawanga mangi, okusingira ddala mu Bulaaya, East Asia, North America, n’ekitundu kya Asia-Pacific.
Reports from February (when the majority of the cases had still been confined to China) have documented racist sentiments expressed in various groups worldwide of Chinese people deserving the virus or receiving what has been claimed as justified retribution.
Alipoota okuva mu Gwokubiri (ng’abalwadde abasinga bakyali mu China) ziraze ebikolwa by’obusosoze mu mawanga eri ebibinja by’Abachina mu nsi yonna nti basaanidde okubeera n’akawuka oba nga batuusibwako ekyo ekitwalibwa okuba okusasulwa okutuufu.
Some countries in Africa have also seen a rise in anti-Chinese sentiment.
Amawanga agamu mu Africa nago gabaddemu ebikolwa ebyeyongedde ebiraga obukyayi eri China.
Many residents of Wuhan and Hubei have reported discrimination based on their regional origin.
Abatuuze b’omu Wuhan ne Hubei bangi bagambye nti basosolebwa olw’ekitundu gye bava.
There has been support for the Chinese, both on and offline, and towards those in virus-stricken areas.
Wabaddewo obuwagizi eri Abachina, ku yintaneeti n’awalala, n’eri abo ababeera mu bitundu ebikoseddwa akawuka.
Following the progression of the outbreak to new hotspot countries, people from Italy, the first country in Europe to experience a serious outbreak of COVID-19, could also be subjected to suspicion and xenophobia.Citizens in countries including Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, and South Korea initially signed petitions lobbying to ban Chinese people from entering their countries in an effort to stop the disease.
Akawuka nga kamaze okusaasaanira amawanga amalala, abantu b’omu Italy, eggwanga eryasooka mu Bulaaya okukosebwa ennyo COVID-19, nabo baatandika okwekengerwa n’okusosolwa. Bannansi mu mawanga omuli Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, ne South Korea mu kusooka bassa emikono ku biwandiiko ebisaba okuwera Abachina okuyingira mu mawanga gaabwe mu kugezaako okukomya obulwadde.
In Japan, the hashtag #ChineseDontComeToJapan trended on Twitter.
Mu Japan, eŋŋombo #OmuchinaTojjaMuJapan (#ChineseDontComeToJapan) yakyaka nnyo ku Twitter.
Chinese people as well as other Asians in the United Kingdom and the United States have reported increasing levels of racist abuse, as well as assaults.
Abachina ne bannansi ba Asia abalala mu United Kingdom ne United States baloopye okweyongera mu bikolwa by’okusosolwa, n’okulumizibwa.
U.S. president Donald Trump has faced criticism for referring to the coronavirus as the "Chinese Virus", a term considered by critics to be racist and anti-Chinese.
Pulezidenti wa gurdwaras Donald Trump akolokoteddwa nnyo olw’okuyita coronavirus "Akawuka k’e China", ekigambo abakolokosi kye bayise eky’obusosoze era ekiraga obukyayi eri China.
Protesters in Ukraine attacked buses carrying Ukrainian and foreign evacuees from Wuhan to Novi Sanzhary.
Abeekalakaasi mu Ukraine baalumba baasi eyali eggya bannansi ba Ukraine n’amawanga amalala mu Wuhan okubatwala mu Sanzhary.
Students who come from Northeast India, which shares a border with China, and study in major Indian cities have reportedly experienced harassment related to the coronavirus outbreak.
Abayizi abava mu Northeast India, ng’eno esalagana ne China, nga basomera mu bibuga bya India ebikulu kigambibwa nti baayita mu kutulugunyizibwa okwekuusa ku bulwadde bwa coronavirus.
The Bharatiya Janata Party's State unit president in West Bengal Dilip Ghosh stated that the Chinese had destroyed nature and "that's why the God took revenge against them."
Pulezidenti w’ekiwayi ky’e West Bengal eky’Ekibiina kya Bharatiya Janata Dilip Ghosh yagamba nti Abachina baayonoona obutonde era nti "ye nsonga eyaleetera Katonda okubabonereza."
The remarks were later condemned by the Chinese consulate in Kolkata, calling it "erroneous".In China, xenophobia and racism agains non-Chinese residents has been inflamed by the pandemic, with foreigners described as "foreign garbage" and targeted for "disposal".
Ebigambo bino oluvannyuma byavumirirwa omubaka wa China mu Kolkata, eyabiyita "ensobi". Mu China, obukyayi bw’abagwira n’okusosola mu mawanga eri abatuuze abatali Bachina bisajjuddwa ekirwadde kino, ng’abagwira bayitibwa "kasasiro omugwira" era bamulondoola "okumusuula".
Many newspapers with paywalls have removed them for some or all of their coronavirus coverage.
Empapula z’amawulire nnyingi ezirimu ebifo ebisasulirwa zaabiggyamu ne zissaamu obubaka obukwata ku coronavirus mu bimu ku byo oba byonna.
Many scientific publishers made scientific papers related to the outbreak available with open access.
Abafulumya empapula z’ekinnassaayansi bangi empapula ezikwata ku kirwadde kino baazifuula za bwereere.
Some scientists chose to share their results quickly on preprint servers such as bioRxiv.
Bannassaayansi abamu baasalawo okugabana mangu bye bazudde ku mikutu emyangu nga bioRxiv.
Emerging infectious disease – Infectious disease of emerging pathogen, often novel in its outbreak range or transmission mode
Emerging infectious disease – Obulwadde obusiigibwa obuva ku buwuka obubaluseewo, nga butera kuba nga tebumanyiddwa mu bitundu gye bubaluseewo n’engeri gye busaasaanamu
Globalization and disease – Overview of globalization and disease transmission
Obwattabamawanga n’endwadde – Ebyawamu ebikwata ku nsaasaana y’obulwadde mu nsi yonna
List of epidemics and pandemics – A list of death tolls due to infectious disease
Olukalala lw’Endwadde ezibuna mu ggwanga ne mu nsi yonna (List of epidemics and pandemics) – Olukalala lw’abantu abafa endwadde ezisiigibwa
Wildlife smuggling and zoonoses – Health risks associated with the trade in exotic wildlife
Obulabe bw’ebyobulamu obwekuusa ku kusuubula ensolo z’omu nsiko (Wildlife smuggling and zoonoses)
Laboratory testing for the respiratory coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the associated SARS-CoV-2 virus includes methods that detect the presence of virus and those that detect antibodies produced in response to infection.
Okukebera kw’omu ggezeserezo okw'obulwadde bwa coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) n’akawuka akamuleeta aka SARS-CoV-2 kubaamu enkola eziraba akawuka n’ezo eziraba antibody ezikolebwa ng’omuntu akwatiddwa akawuka.
The presence of viruses in samples is confirmed by RT-PCR, which detects the coronavirus' RNA.
Obuwuka okuba nga buli mu sampolo z’ebikeberwa kikakasibwa RT-PCR, ng’eno y’eraba RNA ya coronavirus.
This test is specific and is designed to only detect the RNA of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Okukebera kuno kwakolebwa nga kwa kukebera RNA y’akawuka ka SARS-CoV-2 kokka.
It is used to confirm very recent or active infections.
Ekozesebwa okukakasa akawuka akaakakwata omuntu oba akaludde nga kamukutte.
Detection of antibodies (serology) can be used both for diagnosis and population surveillance.
Eky’okulaba antibodies (serology) kisobola okukozesebwa okukebera obulwadde oba okumanya omuwendo gw’abantu abafunye obulwadde.
Antibody tests show how many people have had the disease, including those whose symptoms were too minor to report or who were asymptomatic.
Okukebera abasirikale abalwanyisa endwadde (antibody) kulaga abantu bameka abaali bafunye obulwadde obwo, omuli n’abo abaalina obubonero obutono ennyo nga tekyetaagisa kugenda mu ddwaliro oba abo abataalaga bubonero.
An accurate mortality rate of the disease and the level of herd immunity in the population can be determined from the results of this test.
Omuwendo omutuufu ogw’abantu abafudde obulwadde buno n’obusibage bw’abantu eri obulwadde buno biyinza kumanyibwa na kukebera okw’engeri eno.
Due to limited testing, as of March 2020 no countries had reliable data on the prevalence of the virus in their population.
Olw’okukebera okutamala, mu Gwokusatu 2020 tewali ggwanga lyalina bubaka butuufu obw’engeri akawuka gye kalimu mu bantu baalyo.
By 23 March, no country had tested more than 3% of their population, and there are massive variations in how much testing has been done across countries.
Nga 23 Ogwokusatu, tewali ggwanga lyali lyakebedde bitundu bisukka 3% eby’abantu baalyo, era waliwo enjawulo za maanyi nnyo ku muwendo gw’abantu abaakakeberwa okwetooloola ensi.
This variability is also likely to be significantly affecting reported case fatality rates, which are likely to be significantly over-estimated in some countries.
Enjawukana zino ziyinza okuba nga zikosa emiwendo gy’abalwadde abayinza okufa, nga gino giyinza okuba nga gitumbuddwa nnyo mu mawanga agamu.
Using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) the test can be done on respiratory samples obtained by various methods, including nasopharyngeal swab or sputum sample.
Okukozesa enkola ya real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) okukeberwa kuno kuyinza okukolebwa ku sampolo z’omussizo ezifunibwa mu nkola ez’enjawulo, omuli n’okuyisa akawero mu nnyindo ne mu mumiro oba sampolo y’ekikolondolwa.
Results are generally available within a few hours to 2 days.
Ebivuddemu okutwaliza awamu bifunibwa mu ssaawa ntono okutuuka ku nnaku 2.
The RT-PCR test performed with throat swabs is only reliable in the first week of the disease.
Okukebera kwa RT-PCR okukolebwa n’okuyisa akawero mu mumiro yeesigika ng’ekoleddwa mu wiiki y’obulwadde esooka wokka.
Later on the virus can disappear in the throat while it continues to multiply in the lungs.
Oluvannyuma akawuka kasobola okubula mu mumiro ng’ate bwe kongera okwekubisaamu mu mawuggwe.
For infected people tested in the second week, alternatively sample material can then be taken from the deep airways by suction catheter or coughing up material (sputum) can be used.
Ku balwadde abaakeberwa mu wiiki eyookubiri, sampolo z’ebikeberwa ziyinza okuggyibwa munda mu makubo g’omukka nga bakozesa ekyuma (suction catheter) oba ekikolondolwa nakyo kiyinza okukozesebwa.
One of the early PCR tests was developed at Charité in Berlin in January 2020 using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR), and formed the basis of 250,000 kits for distribution by the World Health Organization (WHO).
Okumu ku kukebera kwa PCR okwasooka kwakulaakulanyizibwa mu Charité mu Berlin mu Gwokubiri 2020 nga bakozesa real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR), era nga kuno kwe kwavaako ebikozesebwa mu kukebera 250,000 ebyagabibwa World Health Organization (WHO).
The United Kingdom had also developed a test by 23 January 2020.The South Korean company Kogenebiotech developed a clinical grade, PCR-based SARS-CoV-2 detection kit (PowerChek Coronavirus) on 28 January 2020.
United Kingdom nayo yali ekulaakulanyizza enkola y’okukebera nga 23 Janwali 2020. Kampuni ya South Korean Kogenebiotech yakulaakulanya ekikebera SARS-CoV-2 ekyesigamiziddwa ku PCR (PowerChek Coronavirus) nga 28 Janwali 2020.
It looks for the "E" gene shared by all beta coronaviruses, and the RdRp gene specific to SARS-CoV-2.In China, BGI Group was one of the first companies to receive emergency use approval from China's National Medical Products Administration for a PCR-based SARS-CoV-2 detection kit.In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is distributing its 2019-Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel to public health labs through the International Reagent Resource.
Enoonya gene ya "E" eri mu coronavirus za beta zonna, ne gene ya RdRp eri mu SARS-CoV-2 yokka. Mu China, BGI Group y’emu ku kampuni ezaasooka okufuna olukusa olw’amangu okuva mu National Medical Products Administration eya China okukozesa ekikebera SARS-CoV-2 ekyesigamiziddwa ku PCR. Mu United States, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) egaba ekikebera kyayo ekya 2019-Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) ekya Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel eri amagezeserezo ga gavumenti ng’eyita mu International Reagent Resource.
One of three genetic tests in older versions of the test kits caused inconclusive results due to faulty reagents, and a bottleneck of testing at the CDC in Atlanta; this resulted in an average of fewer than 100 samples a day being successfully processed throughout the whole of February 2020.
Okumu ku kukebera kw’endagabutonde okw’emirundi esatu mu nkola enkadde ez’ebikozesebwa okukebera kwalaga ebyavaamu ebyali tebisalawo olw’eddagala ekkyamu (faulty reagents), awamu n’ekizibu mu kukebera ku CDC mu Atlanta; kino kyaleetera sampolo ezitawera 100 olunaku okubeera nga ze zikolwako okumalirako ddala Ogwokubiri 2020.
Tests using two components were not determined to be reliable until 28 February 2020, and it was not until then that state and local laboratories were permitted to begin testing.
Okukebera okw’okukozesa enkola ebbiri tekwazuulwa nga kwesigika okutuuka nga 28 Ogwokubiri 2020, era okutuuka ku olwo amagezeserezo ga gavumenti n’ag’omu bitundu gaali tegannakkirizibwa kutandika kukebera.
The test was approved by the Food and Drug Administration under an Emergency Use Authorization.US commercial labs began testing in early March 2020.
Okukebera kwayisibwa Food and Drug Administration wansi w’enkola y’Okukkiriza okw’Amangu (Emergence Use Authorization). Amagezeserezo ga US amakozi g’amagoba gaatandika okukebera mu ntandikwa y’Ogwokusatu 2020.
As of 5 March 2020 LabCorp announced nationwide availability of COVID-19 testing based on RT-PCR.
Nga 5 Ogwokusatu 2020 LabCorp yalangirira nti okukebera COVID-19 kwaliwo okwetooloola eggwanga nga kwesigamiziddwa ku RT-PCR.
Quest Diagnostics similarly made nationwide COVID-19 testing available as of 9 March 2020.
Mu ngeri y’emu Quest Diagnostics baasobozesa okukebera COVID-19 okubuna wonna mu ggwanga we lwatuukira olwa 9 Ogwokusatu 2020.
No quantity limitations were announced; specimen collection and processing must be performed according to CDC requirements.
Tebaalangirira kkomo ku bungi; okukuŋŋaanya ebikeberwa n’okubikolako biteekwa okukolebwa okusinziira ku byetaago bya CDC.
In Russia, the COVID-19 test was developed and produced by the State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR.
Mu Russia, ebikebera COVID-19 byakulaakulanyizibwa era ne bifulumizibwa State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR.
On 11 February 2020 the test was registered by the Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare.On 12 March 2020, Mayo Clinic was reported to have developed a test to detect COVID-19 infection.On 13 March 2020, Roche Diagnostics received FDA approval for a test which could be performed within 3.5 hours in high volume, thus allowing one machine to do approximately 4,128 tests in a 24-hour period.
Nga 11 Ogwokubiri 2020 ekikozesebwa okukebera kino kyawandiisibwa mu Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare. Nga 12 Ogwokusatu 2020, Mayo Clinic yakulaakulanya ekikebera COVID-19. Nga 13 Ogwokusatu 2020, Roche Diagnostics baafuna okukkirizibwa okuva mu FDA okw’okukebera okwali kusobola okukolebwa mu ssaawa 3.5 mu bungi, nga kino kisobozesa ekyuma kimu okukola okukebera kwa bantu nga 4,128 mu kiseera kya ssaawa 24.
On 19 March 2020, the FDA issued emergency use authorization (EUA) to Abbott Laboratories for a test on Abbott's m2000 system; the FDA had previously issued similar authorization to Hologic, LabCorp, and Thermo Fisher Scientific.
Nga 19 Ogwokusatu 2020, FDA yawa okukkiriza okw’amangu aba Abbott Laboratories okukeberera ku nkola ya Abbott eya m2000 system; FDA yali emaze okuwa okukkiriza okw’engeri y’emu eri Hologic, LabCorp, ne Thermo Fisher Scientific.
On 21 March 2020, Cepheid similarly received EUA from the FDA for a test that takes about 45 minutes.
Nga 21 Ogwokusatu 2020, Cepheid nayo mu ngeri y’emu yafuna okukkiriza okw’amangu okuva mu FDA okukola okukebera okutwala eddakiika nga 45.
The FDA has approved a test that uses isothermal nucleic acid amplification technology instead of PCR.
FDA yayisa okukebera okukozesa enkola ya isothermal nucleic acid amplification technology mu kifo kya PCR.
Since this does not require a series of alternating temperature cycles this method can deliver positive results in as little as five minutes and negative results in 13 minutes.
Olw’okuba ng’enkola eno teyeetaaga nkyukakyuka mu bbugumu, esobola okufulumya ebivaamu ebiraga nti omuntu alina akawuka mu ddakiika ttaano zokka ate ebiraga nti omuntu talina kawuka mu ddakiika 13.
There are currently about 18,000 of these machines in the U.S. and Abbott expects to ramp up manufacturing to deliver 50,000 tests per day.A test which uses a monoclonal antibody which specifically binds to the nucleocapsid protein (N protein) of the novel coronavirus is being developed in Taiwan, with the hope that it can provide results in 15 to 20 minutes just like a rapid influenza test.
Mu kiseera kino waliwo ebyuma bino nga 18,000 mu Amerika era Abbott basuubira okwongera mu kufulumya basobole okukola okukebera kwa bantu 50,000 buli lunaku. Okukebera okukozesa monoclonal antibody ng’eno yeekwata ku nucleocapsid protein (N protein) ey’akawuka akapya aka coronavirus eri mu kukulaakulanyizibwa mu Taiwan, nga kisuubirwa nti esobola okuwa ebivaamu mu ddakiika 15 okutuuka ku 20 nga bwe kiri ku kukebera kwa ssenyiga okw’amangu.
A March 2020 literature review concluded that "chest radiographs are of little diagnostic value in early stages, whereas CT [computed tomography] findings may be present even before symptom onset."
Okwekenneenya ebiwandiiko okwakolebwa mu Gwokusatu 2020 kwakomekkereza nti "okukebera okw’okukuba ekifaananyi mu kifuba tekulina kye kugasa mu biseera ebisooka, so ng’ebiva mu CT [computed tomography] biyinza okubeerawo n’obubonero nga tebunneeyoleka."
Typical features on CT include bilateral multilobar ground-glass opacificities with a peripheral, asymmetric and posterior distribution.
Ebitera okulagibwa mu CT mulimu bilateral multilobar ground-glass opacificities awamu ne peripheral, asymmetric ne posterior distribution.
Subpleural dominance, crazy paving and consolidation develop as the disease evolves.
Subpleural dominance, crazy paving ne consolidation bikula obulwadde bwe bugenda bweyongera.
A study comparing PCR to CT in Wuhan at the point of origin of the current pandemic has suggested that CT is significantly more sensitive than PCR, though less specific, with many of its imaging features overlapping with other pneumonias and disease processes.
Okunoonyereza okugeraageranya PCR ne CT mu Wuhan mu kitundu ekirwadde kino we kyatandikira kwalaga nti CT eraba mangu nnyo okusinga PCR, newankubadde ng’ate teyeetegereza nnyo, ng’ebifaananyi byayo bingi bibuzaabuza ne lubyamira omulala n’endwadde endala.
As of March 2020, the American College of Radiology recommends that "CT should not be used to screen for or as a first-line test to diagnose COVID-19".As of March 2020, the CDC recommends PCR for initial screening.
Mu Gwokusatu 2020, American College of Radiology yawa amagezi nti "CT tesaana kukozesebwa kukebera oba okukola okukebera okusooka okwa COVID-19". Mu Gwokusatu 2020, CDC yali ewagira PCR okukozesebwa mu kukebera okusooka.
Part of the immune response to infection is the production of antibodies including IgM and IgG.
Ekimu ku bikolebwa obusibage ng’omuntu alumbiddwa obulwadde kwe kukola antibodies omuli IgM ne IgG.
These can be used to detect infection in individuals starting 7 days or so after the onset of symptoms, to determine immunity, and in population surveillance.Assays can be performed in central laboratories (CLT) or by point-of-care testing (PoCT).
Zino zisobola okukozesebwa okulaba akawuka mu bantu okutandikira ku nnaku 7 okuva obubonero lwe bweyoleka, okuzuula obusibage, n’okulondoola omuwendo gw’abantu abakwatiddwa obulwadde. Okukebera kusobola okukolerwa mu central laboratories (CLT) oba mu point-of-care testing (PoCT).
The high-throughput automated systems in many clinical laboratories will be able to perform these assays but their availability will depend on the rate of production for each system.
Enkola ya high-throughput automated systems mu magezeserezo agawerako ejja kusobola okukola okukebera kuno naye okubeerawo kwakwo kujja kusinziira ku bungi bwa buli nkola obufulumizibwa.
For CLT a single specimen of peripheral blood is commonly used, although serial specimens can be used to follow the immune response.
Ku CLT omusaayi ogukeberwa gwa mulundi gumu gwe gutera okukozesebwa, newankubadde omusaayi omulala gusobola okukozesebwa okulondoola enkola y’obusibage.
For PoCT a single specimen of blood is usually obtained by skin puncture.
Ku PoCT omusaayi ogukeberwa gwa mulundi gumu gutera okufunibwa okuyita mu kufumita akayiso ku lususu.
Unlike PCR methods an extraction step is not needed before assay.On March 26, 2020, the FDA named 29 entities that provided notification to the agency as required and are now therefore able to distribute their antibody tests.
Okwawukanako n’enkola za PCR omutendera gw’okwawulamu (extraction step) tegwetaagisa ng’okukebera tekunnakolwa. Nga 26 Ogwokusatu 2020, FDA yafuna ebitongole 29 ebyagitegeeza nga bwe kiragibwa era noolwekyo kati bisobola okusaasaanya ebintu byabyo ebikozesebwa okukebera antibody.
As of April 7, 2020, only a single test has been approved by the FDA under an emergency use authorization.In late March 2020, Euroimmun Medical Laboratory Diagnostics and Epitope Diagnostics received European approvals for their test kits, which can detect IgG and IgA antibodies against the virus in blood samples.
Nga 7 Ogwokuna 2020, okukebera kwa mulundi gumu gwokka kwe kwali kwakayisibwa FDA mu nkola y’okukkiriza okw’amangu. Ku nkomerero y’Ogwokusatu 2020, Euroimmun Medical Laboratory Diagnostics and Epitope Diagnostics baafuna okukkiriza kwa Bulaaya okw’ebintu byabwe ebikozesebwa okukebera, nga bino bisobola okulaba antibody za IgG ne IgA ezirwanyisa akawuka mu sampolo z’omusaayi.
The testing capacity is several hundred samples within hours and therefore much faster than the conventional PCR assay of viral RNA.
Basobola okukebera ebikumi n’ebikumi bya sampolo mu ssaawa ntono nnyo nga noolwekyo byanguya nnyo okusinga enkola eza bulijjo ez’okukebera PCR za RNA y’akawuka.
The antibodies are usually detectable 14 days after the onset of the infection.In early April, the UK found none of the antibody test kits it purchased were sufficiently good to use.
Antibodies zitera okubeera nga zirabwa mu nnaku 14 okuva omuntu lw’afunye akawuka. Mu ntandikwa y’Ogwokuna, UK yakizuula nga ku bikozesebwa okukebera antibody byonna bye yali eguze, tewali na kimu kyali kisobola kukola bulungi.
Hong Kong has set up a scheme where suspected patients can stay home, "emergency department will give a specimen tube to the patient", they spit into it, send it back and get a test result a while after.The British NHS has announced that it is piloting a scheme to test suspected cases at home, which removes the risk of a patient infecting others if they come to a hospital or having to disinfect an ambulance if one is used.In drive-through testing for COVID-19 for suspected cases, a healthcare professional takes sample using appropriate precautions.
Hong Kong yateekawo enkola ng’abantu abateeberezebwa okuba n’akawuka basigala ewaka, "emergency department ejja kuwa omulwadde akagiraasi akakuŋŋaanyirizibwamu ebikeberwa", omulwadde ajja kukawandulamu, akaweereze kaddeyo ate afune ebivudde mu kukebera oluvannyuma. British NHS yalangirira nti eri mu kugezesa enkola y’okukeberera abateeberezebwa okuba n’akawuka awaka, nga kino kimalawo obuzibu bw’omulwadde okusiiga abalala singa bagenda ku ddwaliro oba okubeera nga bafuuyira ambyulensi singa eba ekozeseddwa. Mu nkola y’okukebera COVID-19 mu bateeberezebwa okuba abalwadde nga basangibwa eka, omusawo abaggyako sampolo ng’agoberera eby’okwegendereza ebisaanira.
Drive-through centers have helped South Korea do some of the fastest, most-extensive testing of any country.In Germany, the National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians said on 2 March, that it had a capacity for about 12,000 tests per day in the ambulatory setting and 10.700 had been tested in the prior week.
Ebifo ebikebera abantu nga beetutteyo (Drive-through centers) biyambye South Korea okukola okukebera mu bwangu, ku bantu abangi okusinga eggwanga eddala lyonna. Mu Germany, National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians yagamba nga 2 Ogwokusatu, nti yali esobola okukebera abantu nga 12,000 buli lunaku mu nkola ey’abantu abava eka ne baddayo era nga 10.700 baali bakebeddwa mu wiiki eyali ekubiddwa amabega.
Costs are borne by the health insurance when the test is ordered by a physician.
Ebisale bisasulwa yinsuwa singa okukebera kubeera kusabiddwa omusawo.
According to the president of the Robert Koch Institute, Germany has an overall capacity for 160,000 tests per week.
Okusinziira ku Pulezidenti wa Robert Koch Institute, Germany erina obusobozi bw’okukebera abantu 160,000 buli wiiki.
As of 19 March drive in tests were offered in several large cities.
Nga 19 Ogwokusatu okukebera okw’abantu okwetwala mu bifo awakebererwa kwali kukolebwa mu bibuga ebinene bingi.
As of 26 March 2020 the total number of tests performed in Germany was unknown, because only positive results are reported.
Nga 26 Ogwokusatu 2020 omuwendo gw’abantu abaali baakakeberwa mu German gwali tegumanyiddwa, kubanga ebivuddemu eby’abalina akawuka byokka bye birangirirwa.
A first lab survey revealed that as of calendar week 12/2020 a total of at least 483,295 samples were tested up to and including week 12/2020 and 33,491 samples (6.9%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.In Israel, researchers at Technion and Rambam Hospital developed and tested a method for testing samples from 64 patients simultaneously, by pooling the samples and only testing further if the combined sample is found to be positive.In Wuhan a makeshift 2000-sq-meter emergency detection laboratory named "Huo-Yan" (Chinese: 火眼, or "Fire Eye" in English) was opened on 5 February 2020 by BGI, which can process over 10,000 samples a day.
Okunoonyereza kw’omu magezeserezo okwasooka kwayoleka nti mu wiiki y’omwaka eya 12/2020 omugatte gwa sampolo waakiri 483,295 ze zaali zaakakeberwa okutuuka mu wiiki 12/2020 nga nayo ogitwaliddemu nga sampolo 33,491 (6.9%) zaalimu akawuka ka SARS-CoV-2. Mu Israel, abanoonyereza okuva mu ddwaliro ly’e Technion and Rambam Hospital baakulaakulanya era ne bagezesa enkola y’okukebera sampolo okuva mu balwadde 64 omulundi gumu, nga bagatta wamu sampolo n’okuddamu okukebera okulaba oba sampolo engatte eraga nti erimu akawuka. Mu Wuhan eggezeserezo ery’ekimpatiira eriweza 2000-sq-meter eryatuumibwa "Huo-Yan" (mu Luchina: 火眼, oba "Fire Eye" mu Lungereza, “Eriiso ly’Omuliro” mu Luganda) lyaggulwawo nga 5 Ogwokubiri 2020 nga lyaggulwawo BGI, nga lisobola okukola ku sampolo ezisukka mu 10,000 mu lunaku.
With the construction overseen by BGI-founder Wang Jian and taking 5-days, modelling has show cases in Hubei would have been 47% higher and the corresponding cost of the tackling the quarantine would have doubled if this testing capacity hadn't come on line.
Omulimu gw’okuzimba gwalondoolwa omutandise wa BGI Wang Jian era gwatwala ennaku 5, era okuteebereza kulaze nti abalwadde mu Hubei bandibadde basingamu ebitundu 47% era nga n’ensimbi ezandisaasaanyiziddwa mu kukuumira abantu mu kalantiini zandikubisizzaamu emirundi ebiri singa ekifo kino ekikebera tekyazimbibwa.
The Wuhan Laboratory has been promptly followed by Huo-Yan labs in Shenzhen, Tianjin, Beijing, and Shanghai, in a total of 12 cities across China.
Eggezeserezo ly’omu Wuhan lyagobererwa mangu ag’e Huo-Yan mu Shenzhen, Tianjin, Beijing, ne Shanghai, mu bibuga 12 okwetooloola China.
By 4 March 2020 the daily throughput totals were 50,000 tests per day.Open source, multiplexed designs released by Origami Assays have been released that can test as many as 1122 patient samples for COVID19 using only 93 assays . These balanced designs can be run in small laboratories without the need for robotic liquid handlers.
Olwa 4 Ogwokusatu 2020 we lwatuukira abantu abakeberwa buli lunaku baali baweze 50,000. Enkola za multiplexed designs ezitatundibwa ezaafulumizibwa aba Origami Assays zaafulumizibwa nga zisobola okukebera COVID-19 mu sampolo z’abalwadde eziwera 1122 nga bakozesa obukebera 93 bwokka . Enkola zino zisobola okukozesebwa mu magezeserezo amatono awatali kwetaaga kukozesa roboti.
By March, shortages and insufficient amounts of reagent has become a bottleneck for mass testing in the EU and UK and the US.
Ogwokusatu we gutuukidde, ebbula ly’eddagala erikozesebwa mu kukebera nga gufuuse muziziko mu kukebera okw’omuwendo omunene mu EU ne UK ne US.
This has led some authors to explore sample preparation protocols that involve heating samples at 98 °C (208 °F) for 5 minutes to release RNA genomes for further testing.On 31 March it was announced United Arab Emirates was now testing more of its population for Coronavirus per head than any other country, and was on track to scale up the level of testing to reach the bulk of the population.
Kino kireetedde abanoonyereza abamu okugezaako enkola y’okuteekateeka sampolo nga bazookera ku bbugumu lya 98 °C (208 °F) okumala eddakiika 5 okufulumya RNA genomes olw’okwongera okuzikebera. Nga 31 Ogwokusatu kyalangirirwa nti United Arab Emirates yali ekebera abantu baayo Coronavirus mu bungi okusinga ensi endala yonna, era nga yali eruubirira okwongera ku kukebera okutuuka ku bantu bangi mu ggwanga.
This was through a combination of drive-through capability, and purchasing a population-scale mass-throughput laboratory from Group 42 and BGI (based on their "Huo-Yan" emergency detection laboratories in China).
Kino kyakolebwa nga bagatta enkola y’abantu okwetwala bokka mu bifo awakebererwa, n’okugula eggezeserezo erikebera abantu abangi okuva mu Group 42 ne BGI (nga beesigama ku ggezeserezo lya "Huo-Yan" erikebera abantu mu bwangu (emergency detection laboratories) mu China).
Constructed in 14 days, the lab is capable of conducting tens of thousands RT-PCR tests per day and is the first in the world of this scale to be operational outside of China.
Eggezeserezo lino eryazimbibwa mu nnaku 14 lirina obusobozi okukola okukebera kwa RT-PCR okuli mu mitwalo buli lunaku era ye yasooka mu nsi yonna okukolera ebweru wa China.
Different testing recipes targeting different parts of the coronavirus genetic profile were developed in China, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Japan, and the United States.
Ebirungo by’okukebera eby’enjawulo ebiruubirira ebitundu by’endagabutonde za coronavirus eby’enjawulo byakulaakulanyizibwa mu China, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Japan, ne United States.
The World Health Organization adopted the German recipe for manufacturing kits sent to low-income countries without the resources to develop their own.
World Health Organization yasemba ekirungo ky’e Germany okufulumya ebikebera eby’amawanga agakyakula agatalina busobozi bukola byazo.
The German recipe was published on 17 January 2020; the protocol developed by the United States Centers for Disease Control was not available until 28 January, delaying available tests in the U.S.China and the United States had problems with the reliability of test kits early in the outbreak, and these countries and Australia were unable to supply enough kits to satisfy demand and recommendations for testing by health experts.
Ekirungo kya Germany kyafulumizibwa nga 17 Janwali 2020; enkola eyakulaakulanyizibwa Amerika Centers for Disease Control teyafulumizibwa okutuuka nga 28 Janwali, ne kikeereya okukebera mu Amerika. China ne Amerika baalina obuzibu bw’obutuufu bw’ebikozesebwa mu kukebera mu kiseera ky’obulwadde ekyasooka, era amawanga gano ne Australia gaali tegasobola kukola bintu bino bimala okumatiza obwetaavu n’okusembebwa abakugu mu byobulamu okukozesebwa mu kukebera.
In contrast, experts say South Korea's broad availability of testing helped reduce the spread of the novel coronavirus.
Okwawukanako n’ekyo, abakugu bagamba nti okukebera abantu abangi mu South Korea kyayamba okukendeeza okusaasaana kwa coronavirus.
Testing capacity, largely in private sector labs, was built up over several years by the South Korean government.
Obusobozi bw’okukebera, naddala mu magezeserezo ag’obwannannyini, bwazimbibwa emyaka mingi emabega aba gavument ya South Korea.
On 16 March, the World Health Organization called for ramping up the testing programmes as the best way to slow the advance of COVID-19 pandemic.High demand for testing due to wide spread of the virus caused backlogs of hundreds of thousands of tests at private U.S. labs, and supplies of swabs and chemical reagents became strained.
Nga 16 Ogwokusatu, World Health yasaba enteekateeka z’okukebera zeeyongere nti ye ngeri esinga ey’okukendeeza okusaasaana kw’ekirwadde kya COVID-19. Obwetaavu bw’okukebera obungi olw’akawuka okweyongera okusaasaana kyaviirako omujjuzo gw’abakeberwa mu magezeserezo ag’obwannannyini mu Amerika, era n’obuwero n’ebirungo ebikozesebwa mu kukebera ne biba nga tebikyamala.
In March 2020 China reported problems with accuracy in their test kits.
Mu Gwokusatu 2020 China yategeeza nga bwe waaliwo obuzibu mu butuufu bw’ebintu bye baali bakozesa mu kukebera.
In the United States, the test kits developed by the CDC had "flaws;" the government then removed the bureaucratic barriers that had prevented private testing.Spain purchased test kits from Chinese firm Shenzhen Bioeasy Biotechnology Co Ltd, but found that results were inaccurate.
Mu United States, ebikozesebwa mu kukebera ebyakolebwa CDC byalina “obuzibu”; awo gavumenti n’eggyawo emiziziko egyali giremesezza Amagezeserezo g’obwannannyini okukebera. Spain yagula obukebera okuva mu kampuni ya China Shenzhen Bioeasy Biotechnology Co Ltd, naye n’ekizuula nti ebyavangamu tebyali bituufu.
The firm explained that the incorrect results may be a result of a failure to collect samples or use the kits correctly.
Kampuni yannyonnyola nti ebivaamu ebitali bituufu biyinza okuba nga biva ku kulemwa kukuŋŋaanya sampolo oba okukozesa obukebera mu butuufu.
The Spanish ministry said it will withdraw the kits that returned incorrect results, and would replace them with a different testing kit provided by Shenzhen Bioeasy.80% of test kits the Czech Republic purchased from China gave wrong results.Slovakia purchased 1.2 million test kits from China which were found to be inaccurate.
Minisitule ya Spanish yagamba nti ejja kuggyayo obukebera obwa ebivaamu ebifu, ebusikize obulala obwabaweebwa Shenzhen Bioeasy. Obukebera ebitundu 80% Czech Republic bwe yagula mu China bwawa ebivaamu ebikyamu. Slovakia yagula obukebera akakadde 1.2 okuva mu China nga buno bwasangibwa nga bukyamu.
Prime Minister Matovič suggested these be dumped into the Danube.Ateş Kara of the Turkish Health Ministry said the test kits Turkey purchased from China had a "high error rate" and did not "put them into use."The UK purchased 3.5 million test kits from China but in early April 2020 announced these were not usable.
Ssaabaminisita Matovič yagamba nti buno busuulibwe mu Danube. Ateş Kara owa Minisitule y’Ebyobulamu eya Turkey yagamba nti obukebera Turkey bwe yagula mu China bwalina "obusobozi bungi obw’okukola ensobi" era "tebaabukozesa." UK yagula obukebera obukadde 3.5 okuva mu China naye mu ntandikwa y’Ogwokuna 2020 baalangirira nti buno bwali tebusobola kukozesebwa.
Testing, followed with quarantine of those who tested positive and tracing of those with whom the SARS-CoV-2 positive people had had contact, resulted in positive outcomes.
Okukebera, nga kugobererwa okussa mu kalantiini abo abasangiddwa n’obulwadde n’okunoonya abo abaasemberera abalina SARS-CoV-2, kyavaamu ekirungi.
Researchers working in the Italian town of Vò, the site of the first COVID-19 death in Italy, conducted two rounds of testing on the entire population of about 3,400 people, about ten days apart.
Abanoonyereza abakolera mu kibuga kya Italy eky’e Vò, ekifo ewaali omuntu eyasooka okufa COVID-19 mu Italy, baakola okukebera kwa mirundi ebiri ku bantu bonna 3,400, nga kwesudde ennaku kkumi.
About half the people testing positive had no symptoms, and all discovered cases were quarantined.
Kyenkana amakkati g’abantu abaasangibwa n’akawuka tebaalina bubonero, era abo bonna abaasangibwa n’akawuka baateekebwa mu kalantiini.
With travel to the commune restricted, this eliminated new infections completely.
Olw’okuba nga baali bigaaniddwa okugenda mu bantu, eky’abantu abapya okufuna akawuka kyakomezebwa.
With aggressive contact tracing, inbound travel restrictions, testing, and quarantining, the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Singapore has proceeded much more slowly than in other developed countries, but without extreme restrictions like forced closure of restaurants and retail establishments.
Okunoonya ennyo abaasemberera abalwadde, obutakkiriza bayingira ggwanga, okukebera, n’okussa abalwadde mu kalantiini, biyambye okukendereza ddala ekirwadde kya coronavirus ekya 2020 mu Singapore okusinga mu nsi endala ezaakula, naye awatali kuggala bintu bingi ng’ebirabo by’emmere n’amaduuka amatonotono.
Many events have been cancelled, and Singapore did start advising residents to stay at home on 28 March, but schools reopened on time after holiday break on 23 March.
Ebintu bingi ebyasazibwamu, era Singapore yatandika okugamba abatuuze okusigala ewaka nga 28 Ogwokusatu, naye amasomero gaggulawo mu budde oluvannyuma lw’oluwummula nga 23 Ogwokusatu.
Several other countries have also managed the pandemic with aggressive contact tracing, inbound travel restrictions, testing, and quarantining, but with less aggressive lock-downs, such as Iceland and South Korea.
Amawanga amalala mangi nago gasobodde okulwanyisa ekirwadde nga banoonya abaasemberera ku balwadde, okugaana abayingira eggwanga, okukebera, n’okussa abalwadde mu kalantiini, naye nga tebakozesezza muggalo guyitiridde, nga Iceland ne South Korea.
A statistical study has found that countries that have tested more, relative to the number of deaths, have much lower case fatality rates, probably because these countries are better able to detect those with only mild or no symptoms.
Okunoonyereza okw’emiwendo kwazuula nti amawanga agakebedde abantu abangi, bw’ogeraageranya n’omuwendo gw’abantu abafudde, galina omuwendo gw’abantu abafudde mutono nnyo, oboolyawo kubanga amawanga gano gasobola bulungi okulaba abo ab’obubonero obutono oba abatalina bubonero.
WHO recommends that countries that do not have testing capacity and national laboratories with limited experience on COVID-19 send their first five positives and the first ten negative COVID-19 samples to one of the 16 WHO reference laboratories for confirmatory testing.
WHO ewa amagezi nti amawanga agatalina busobozi bwa kukebera n’amagezeserezo g’amawanga agatalina bumanyirivu bumala ku COVID-19 baweereze sampolo zaabwe ezisooka ettaano ez’abalwadde ba COVID-19 n’ezisooka ekkumi ez’abalamu eri emu ku magezeserezo ga WHO 16 ageebuuzibwako okukakasa okukebera kwabwe.
Out of the 16 reference laboratories, 7 are in Asia, 5 in Europe, 2 in Africa, 1 in North America and 1 in Australia.
Ku magezeserezo gano 16 ageebuuzibwako, 7 gali mu Asia, 5 mu Bulaaya, 2 mu Africa, 1 mu North America ne 1 mu Australia.
In the following chart, the column “Positive as % of tests” is influenced by the country's testing policy.
Mu kipande kino wammanga, omusimba “Abalwadde ku % bakeberwa” gusinziira ku nkola y’eggwanga ey’okukebera.
A country that only tests people admitted to hospitals will have a higher positive as % of tests than a country that tests all citizens, whether or not they are showing symptoms, other things being equal.
Eggwanga erikebera abantu bokka abaweereddwa ebitanda mu malwaliro gajja kubeera n’omuwendo munene ogw’abalwadde ku % bakeberwa okusinga ku ggwanga erikebera abantu bonna, oba balaze obubonero oba nedda, ebirala byonna bwe bisigala nga byenkana.
Hand washing (or handwashing), also known as hand hygiene, is the act of cleaning one's hands for the purpose of removing soil, grease, microorganisms, or other unwanted substances.
Okunaaba mu ngalo, era ekimanyiddwa ng’obuyonjo bw’engalo, kye kikolwa ky’okuyonja engalo z’omuntu olw’ekigendererwa ky’okuggyamu ettaka, giriisi, obuwuka obutono ennyo, oba ebintu ebirala ebiteetaagibwa.
Hand washing with soap consistently at certain "critical moments" during the day prevents the spread of many diseases, for example diarrhoea and cholera, which are transmitted through fecal–oral route.
Okunaaba mu ngalo ne ssabbuuni olutatadde mu "biseera ebikulu" emisana kiziyiza okusaasaana kw’endwadde nnyingi, okugeza ekiddukano, ezisaasaanyizibwa nga ziyita mu kussa obubi mu kamwa.
People can also become infected with respiratory diseases such as influenza or the common cold, for example, if they do not wash their hands before touching their eyes, nose, or mouth (i.e., mucous membranes).
Abantu era basobola okufuna obulwadde bw’omussizo nga ssenyiga owa bulijjo, okugeza, singa tebanaaba mu ngalo nga tebanneekwata mu maaso, ennyindo, oba mu kamwa (kwe kugamba, ebitundu ebinnyogovu).
The five critical moments during the day where washing hands with soap is important include: before and after defecation, after cleaning a child's bottom or changing nappies, before feeding a child, before eating and before and after preparing food or handling raw meat, fish, or poultry.
Ebiseera ebitaano ebisinga obukulu emisana okunaaba mu ngalo ne ssabbuuni we kusinga okwetaagisiza mulimu: ng’ogenda oba ng’ovudde mu kaabuyonjo, oluvannyuma lw’okulongoosa emabega w’omwana oba okumukyusa nnappi, ng’ogenda okuliisa omwana, ng’ogenda okulya ne bw’oba ogenda oba ng’omaze okutegeka emmere oba okukwata ku nnyama oba ebyennyanja ebibisi.