atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
Ira Longini, et al., established a model to predict the outcome of the epidemic and suggested that SARS-CoV-2 could infect two-thirds of the global population.
Ira Longini, et al., do ye fasal la kolzana shi dǝwo ne dareram kwasa dǝ ye dǝ fǝlejin kuru and suggested that SARS-CoV-2 dǝ raksǝ kashi yakkǝ lan kashi ndi am dinaye sammaso zamjin wada.
A Canadian group reported that SARS-CoV-2 was detected in both mid-turbinate and throat swabs of patients who recovered and left the hospital 2 weeks earlier, which indicates that the newly identified virus could become a cyclical episode similar to influenza.
Am la lardǝ Canada ye gulzana shi SARS-CoV-2 dǝ tuwondǝna suro kǝnza-a ngolto-a kam ngazǝ liyitari mawu 2 kolzana yen, adǝ ye fǝlezǝna kǝla kuli kwasabe bǝlin dǝwo turuna ma dǝ kokortǝ jili tantayi ye dǝro waljin wada.
However, promising signs have occurred in China based on the declining number of new cases, indicating the current strategies might have been working.
Adǝyeyi ma, alamawa la ngǝla ma China lan wazǝna kǝla adadu am zamtǝna t dǝ fulutin yen, fǝlezǝna kǝla Nzunduwa kǝrmaro tǝdin ma so dǝ cida sǝdin yen.
Ebola was originally predicted to cause up to a million cases with half a million deaths.
Ebola dǝ buro hawal yin tǝmatǝna am miliyon fal zamjin kuru am reta miliyon ye bazain ro.
However, via strict quarantine and isolation, the disease has eventually been put under control.
Adǝyeyi ma, ngǝlaro kortǝ-a kǝretǝ-a men, kwasa dǝ ba kaltǝgǝna.
It is possible, similar to SARS-CoV, that SARS-CoV-2 might become weaker in infectivity and eventually die down or become a less pathogenic virus co-existent with humans.
Muwonjin, jili SARS-CoV ye dǝ yeyi, SARS-CoV-2 dǝ waneye zamtǝro dunonzǝ ganajin kuru darenzǝ nuwin aw kuli kwasabe dǝ ba ro waljin rakko am so yen dǝayin.
A comparison of the epidemic of COVID-19 with that of SARS and MERS is provided below (Fig. ​(Fig.55).
Rataltǝgǝ la kwasa COVID-19 -a SARS-a MERS -a ye tǝdǝna dǝ cidiya adǝ-a wune (Fig. (Fig.55).
SARS-CoV-2 is highly transmittable through coughing or sneezing, and possibly also through direct contact with materials contaminated by the virus.
SARS-CoV-2 dǝ zauro tartǝgǝyin zawal nzasǝra aw watiska, kuru waneye awo la dǝwo kam kuli kwasabe ye zamtǝna ye lezǝna ro letǝgǝ men.
The virus was also found in feces, which raises a new possibility of feces-to-mouth transmission.
Kuli kwasabe dǝ kuru man sha bǝlimen yen tuwondin, adǝ ye fǝlezǝna muwonzǝ bǝlimen ci ro kojin.
A recent study on 138 cases reported that 41% of the cases were possibly caused by nosocomial infections, including 17 patients with other prior diseases and 40 health-care providers.
Nazaru la karǝngǝn kǝla am zamtǝna 138 tǝdǝna dǝ ye fǝlezǝna kǝla kashi 41% am zamtǝna dǝ ye dǝ kwasa na men gotin ma yen wawono, suro dǝn am dondi 17 dǝ ca man kwasa la gade tiyinzan mbeji, cidawu litari ye 40-a.
Thus, great precaution should be used to protect humans, especially health-care providers, social workers, family members, colleagues, and even bystanders in contact with patients or infected people.
Adǝ nankaro, nzǝdkawo dunowa faidatǝ adamngana so-a yitkaa ro, musamman ma ro cidawu nǝlefa ye so, cidawu jamaye so, yalla so, am cidaram tilowa so, kuru hatta am data lawartuwu so-a kǝla kam zamtǝna ro letǝgǝ yen.
The first line of defense that could be used to lower the risk of infection is through wearing face masks; both the use of surgical masks and N95 respirator masks (series # 1860s) helps control the spread of viruses.
Awo dǝwo kǝla faitǝye kǝn buromi shi lan faidatǝ tajirwa zamtǝye dǝ fulutin dǝ shima zawal zambu ciye yiko men, zambu ciye litaye dǝ-a zambu ciye N95 respirator (series # 1860s)-a ndiso kuli kwasabe tartǝgǝ dǝga kaltǝge ro banazain.
Surgical face masks prevent liquid droplets from a potentially infected individual from traveling through the air or sticking onto surfaces of materials, where they could be passed on to others.
Zambu fǝskaye liyitaye ma dǝ awo kǝli njiya tiyi kam la zamtǝna yen toltǝ ro dabcin kasam men letǝ ro aw tiyi awo la yen nabtǝ ro dabcin, na dǝwo shi men am gade ro tartǝgǝyin ma.
However, only N95 (series # 1860s) masks can protect against the inhalation of virions as small as 10 to 80 nm, with only 5% of the virions being able to penetrate completely; SARS-CoV-2 is similar to SARS-CoV in size and both are approximately 85 nm.
Adǝyeyi ma, zambu ciye N95 (series # 1860s) ma dǝ runzǝ lang raksǝ kuli kwasabe dǝ sǝrintǝ ro dabcin wo shi dǝwo nǝm gananzǝ 10 sǝta 80 nm ro suwudǝna ma, kashi 5% kuli kwasabe dǝ ye dǝ raksǝ kamzǝ kojin cetro; SARS-CoV-2 dǝ sha SARS-CoV -a nǝm kuranza tilo kuru sandi ndiso tǝadir 85 nm yeyi.
Since particles can penetrate even five surgical masks stacked together, health-care providers in direct contact with patients must wear N95 (series # 1860s) masks but not surgical masks.
Bǝrbǝr sǝnana raksǝ zambu liyitaye uwu kǝllata men kamzǝ kojin dǝga, cidawu nǝlefabe am dondi ro letayin so dǝ zambu fǝskaye N95 (series # 1860s) ma dǝ yiko sandiro mbu amma zambu fǝskaye liyitaye dǝ gǝnyi.
In addition to masks, health-care providers should wear fitted isolation gowns in order to further reduce contact with viruses.
Zambu so dǝ dawunmba ro, cidawu nǝlefabe so dǝ kuluwu tiyiya sǝtana ma samu sawo kwamison kuli kwasabe dǝro letǝgǝ fulutǝ ro.
Viruses can also infect an individual through the eyes.
Kuli kwasabe so dǝ raksa kamma shim men zamzain.
On January 22, 2020, a doctor was infected with SARS-CoV-2 although he wore an N95 mask; the virus might have entered his body through his inflammatory eyes.
Yim January 22, 2020 lan, liyita la SARS-CoV-2 ye zamzǝna shi dǝ zambu fǝskaye N95 dǝ lutuwuna son; kuli kwasabe dǝ waneye shimnzǝ men tiyinzǝ ro karawo waljin.
Thus, health-care providers should also wear transparent face shields or goggles while working with patients.
Adǝ nankaro, cidawu nǝlefabe so dǝ awo fǝska faitǝye shararang turin ma aw nanzaro sakǝ sa kǝla kam dondi yen cidazain ma.
For the general public in affected or potentially affected areas, it is highly suggested that everybody wash their hands with disinfectant soaps more often than usual, try to stay indoors for self-quarantine and limit contact with potentially infected individuals.
Jama dǝwo ma zamtǝna aw naa zamtǝna ro tǝmatǝna lan dasana dǝ, shawari zauro tina kǝla ndu yayi muskonzǝ shawul kurunna lan tulzǝ kǝla kǝla lan, suro fatoyen nanza kǝlanza kortǝ ro kuru am kwasa dǝye zamzǝna so dǝro letǝgǝ fulutǝ ro.
Three feet is considered an appropriate distance for people to stay away from a patient.
Gowodǝ yakkǝ dǝ shima nǝm cintu Kate kate nyiya-a kam dondi-a yen ma datǝ kalkalnzǝ wo.
These actions are effective methods to lower the risk of infection as well as prevent the spread of the virus.
Kǝndowa adǝ sandima nzundu ngǝla ma wo tajirwa zamtǝye dǝ fulutu ro kuru man kuli kwasabe dǝ tartǝgǝ dǝga kaltǝge ro.
Although SARS-CoV-2 came as a new virus to the human world, its high homology to SARS-CoV as reported on 7 January 2020 should have caused high alert to China based on her deep memory of the SARS outbreak in 2003.
SARS-CoV-2 dǝ kuli kwasabe bǝlin ro dina ro kedo yayi, shi-a SARS-CoV-a zauro samǝnramnzǝ dǝ futu yim 7 January 2020 hawaratǝgǝna dǝ yeyi caa kuwa zauro China dǝ ro je zǝndǝna sawo fǝlangtǝ SARS ye 2003 ye dǝ kǝlanzan mbeji njassanyi nankadǝro.
However, not until 19 January 2020 did the director of the Center of Disease Control of Wuhan comfort the citizens by saying that the novel virus has low contagiousness and limited reproductivity from human to human and that it is not a problem to prevent and contain the disease.
Adǝyeyi ma, sai yim 19 January 2020 lan do cidama kura cidaram kwasa kaltǝge ye Wuhan ye dǝ ye hangal amye dǝga bojuwo kuli kwasabe bǝlin dǝ tartǝglnzǝ -a yambonzǝ-a kate kate kam so ye dǝn kaltǝge dǝ kaziyi ba kuru kwasa dǝga raktǝ kǝriwtin gultǝ men.
This message remarkably relaxed the alarm of the public, especially when the entire country was preparing for the Spring Festival, and the critical time was missed to contain the disease at its minimal scale in Wuhan.
Kawuli adǝ ye zauro hangal am ye dǝga bozǝgǝna, musamman ma ro loktu am so dǝ dawari kawuske ye sadin dǝn, kuru loktu zauro faida kwasa dǝ kaltǝge ye Wuhan lan fǝrǝssǝn.
The disease control agencies in China may take this hard lesson and make critical improvements in the future.
Cidaramwa kwasa kaltǝgǝye lardǝ China ye dǝ adǝ lan darasǝ zau gozain fuwu lan nzasa ro.
For example, these agencies should be (1) more careful when making public announcements as every word counts to citizens and can change their attitude and decisions; (2) more sensitive and reactive to unusual information from clinics rather than waiting for formal reports from doctors or officials; (3) more restrictive to contain a potential epidemic at its early stage rather than attempting to comfort the public; and (4) more often to issue targeted and effective drills to increase the public's awareness about epidemic diseases and to test and improve the response system of the society periodically.
Misallo, cidaramwa adǝ ye walza (1) zauro hangal gǝnaza sa jama ro kawuli la wurmazain ma dalil dǝ kamma wo so jama dǝro faida kuru raksǝ halnza-a shawarinza-a faljin; (2) hawar la kusoto liyitarin fantiya ngǝlaro kǝla dǝn ciza daza wande Rifot liyitaye aw cidawu ye ishiya do sa gǝrezanyi; (3) zauro kǝla kwasa la tǝmata yen daten kǝriwtǝye Kasadǝ sadǝ hangal am so ye bunaa yayi ro ; kuru (4) darasǝ kǝla lamarwa am so wa wuzǝna yen nguwu ro kǝndo kǝla am so ye dǝga fata ro kǝla kwasa dina ro tartǝgǝyin ma yen kuru fasal bana diwo ye dǝga jarabtǝ tata kǝla kǝla lan.
The outbreak of COVID-19 caused by the novel virus SARS-CoV-2 started in the end of December 2019.
Fǝlangtǝ COVID-19 ye dǝwo kuli kwasabe bǝlin SARS-CoV-2 suwudǝna dǝ dare December 2019 yen badiwono.
In less than two months, it has spread all over China and near 50 other countries globally at the time of this writing.
Suro kǝntawu indin cidaan lan ba China sammaso ro tartǝgǝna kuru larduwa 50 karǝngiya dina samman loktu ruwo adǝ tǝdin dǝn.
Since the virus is very similar to SARS-CoV and the symptoms are also similar between COVID-19 and SARS, the outbreak of COVID-19 has created a sense of SARS recurring.
Kuli kwasabe dǝ SARS-CoV -a zauro samǝn dǝga alamawa kǝndondibe dǝ ye samǝn Kate kate COVID-19-a kuru and SARS-a ye dǝn, fǝlangtǝ COVID-19 ye dǝ SARS waltǝna ishin ro gowotǝ.
However, there are some remarkable differences between COVID-19 and SARS, which are essential for containing the epidemic and treating the patients.
Adǝyeyi ma, awowa COVID-19-a SARS-a yaksǝna mbeji, sandi dǝwo ne zauro faida kǝla kwasa dǝ kaltǝge-a kam dondi dǝro kurun diwo-a yen.
COVID-19 affects more elderly individuals than youth and more men than women, and the severity and death rate are also higher in elderly individual than in youth.
COVID-19 dǝ am ngǝlinza lezǝna ma nguwo ro zamjin wo zairowa yayiro kuru kongawa ma nguwu ro zamjin wo kamuwa yayiro, kuru nǝm kǝrawu-a kǝrmu-a ye am ngǝlinza lezǝna man nguwu wo zairowa yayiro.
SARS has higher mortality than COVID-19 (10.91% versus 1.44%).
SARS ma am nguwu cezǝna wo kǝla COVID-19 yen (10.91% versus 1.44%).
COVID-19 patients transmit the virus even when they are symptomless whereas SARS patients do so usually when they are severely ill, which causes much greater difficulty to contain the spread of COVID-19 than SARS.
Am COVID-19 ye sǝtana so dǝ kuli kwasabe dǝ tarzayin alamawa kǝndondibe ba yayin amma am SARS ye sǝtana so dǝ nguwu so sai sa zauro dondi ro walzaiyya dǝwo, adǝ ye sǝkǝ tartǝgǝ dǝga kaltǝge COVID-19 dǝ zauro walwono SARS ye dǝ yayi ro.
This partially explains why SARS-CoV-2 spread much faster and broader than SARS-CoV.
Adǝ ye bayan dalil kǝla SARS-CoV-2 dǝ nagaduro kuru kura ro tartǝgǝyin SARS-CoV-a kozǝna ro ye lanzǝ sǝdin.
The regular RNA assay for SARS-CoV-2 can be negative in some COVID-19 patients.
Rizabtǝ RNA ye nowata ma SARS-CoV-2 ye dǝ raksǝ abima ba ro waljin kǝla am COVID-19 ye zamzǝna ye dǝn.
On the other hand, cured patients can be positive for the virus again.
Kuru hal la men, am ngazana so dǝ kuru walta kuli kwasabe mbeji ro fǝlejin.
These findings dramatically increase the risk of virus spreading.
Kulashi adǝ ye zauro tartǝgǝ kuli kwasabe sǝtain.
Given such rapid progress in research on COVID-19, several critical issues remain to be solved, as follows:
Kulashi kǝla COVID-19 ye dǝ ye nagaduro fuwutǝnzǝ dǝro wutuwuya, lamarwa faida kada tǝrtanyi mbeji, futu ishin adǝyeyi:
Where did SARS-CoV-2 come from?
Ndaran SARS-CoV-2 dǝ kedo?
Although 96% genetic homolog was found between SARS-CoV-2 and two bat SARS-like CoVs, we still cannot conclude that SARS-CoV-2 is from bats.
Kashi 96% samǝnram kate kate SARS-CoV-2-a CoVs ndi batata ye SARS-a samǝn dǝ-a dǝ yen tuwondǝna son yayi, kwamison rangnye SARS-CoV-2 dǝ batata men kedo ro kamnyenmba wo.
What animal was the intermediate species to transmit the virus from the original host, say bats, to humans?
Dabbayi wo kate kate fǝrtǝnzǝ dǝgana dǝn kuli kwasabe dǝ am so ro tarzǝgǝ, misallo batata lan cizǝ adamngana ro kedo dǝ?
Without knowing answers to #1 and 2, we cannot efficiently cut the transmission, and the outbreak can relapse at any time.
Jawaw #1 and 2, notǝnyi lan, rangnye kǝzǝbkǝ ro tartǝgǝna dǝ dabnyenmba wo, kuru falangtǝ tǝ dǝ waltǝ caye baro wajin.
Although molecular modeling and biochemical assays have demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 binds to ACE2, how exactly does the virus enter the airway cells and cause subsequent pathological changes?
molecular modeling-a kuru rizabtǝ biochemical -a ye fǝlezǝna kǝla SARS-CoV-2 dǝ ACE2 ro kǝrtǝgǝna yaye, jilibi men le kuli kwasabe dǝ zawal kasamram ye dǝ ro gawu faljin?
Does the virus also bind ACE2-expressing cells in other organs?
Kuli kwasabe dǝ ACE2-expressing cells dǝ yero kǝrrata wa kǝnduwuwa gade dǝn?
Without clear answers to these questions, we cannot achieve fast and accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.
Jawawwa kǝzǝbkǝ korowa adǝye ba ro, rangnye kulashi kalkal-a kurun ngǝla ma diyenmba wo.
How long will the epidemic last?
Kwasa dǝ kawu ndawu ro tusshin?
How is the virus genetically evolving during transmission among humans?
Jilibi so ro kuli kwasabe dǝ fafaltin sa kate am yen tartǝgǝyin dǝn?
Will it become a pandemic worldwide, die down like SARS or relapse periodically like the flu?
Dina samma so ro wa tartǝgǝyin, SARS ye dǝyeyi nuwin aw waltǝ caye baro fǝlangjin kange tantayi ye dǝyeyi?
It is essential but may take some time to search for answers to the above and many other questions.
Ade zaumaro faida amma loktu gojin kawu jawawwa korowa samiye ade-a korowa gade kada-a ye tuwondin dǝ ro.
However, with whatever expense it may demand, we have no other choice but to stop the epidemic as soon as possible and bring our life back to normal.
Adǝyeyi ma, wahala jilibi mǝradǝjin yayi, awo gade rangnyena ba illa kwasa dǝ tartǝgǝ dǝga dabtǝ gǝnyi ma nagadǝro kuru kǝndaramnde canzǝ caye ro kalaknǝm kudowa ro.
Zoonotic origins of human coronaviruses
Fǝrtǝ kwasa dabba men kam ro tartǝgǝyin ma coronavirus ye dǝ
Mutation and adaptation have driven the co-evolution of coronaviruses (CoVs) and their hosts, including human beings, for thousands of years.
Alau faltǝ-a kun balin-a ye coronavirus-a (CoVs) gǝnatǝma nzǝ-a so dǝ-a falzǝna adamngana kunten, saa duwu kada ro.
Before 2003, two human CoVs (HCoVs) were known to cause mild illness, such as common cold.
Kawu 2003 ye dǝn, CoVs (HCoVs) Adanganabe ndi kǝndondi sǝnana suwudin ro nowata, alama tantayi yeyi.
The outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) have flipped the coin to reveal how devastating and life-threatening an HCoV infection could be.
Falangtǝ severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) ye-a and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) ye-a dǝ ashir dǝ fǝlaizǝ Futu tajirwa loru-a HCoV ye dǝ fǝlezǝna.
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in central China at the end of 2019 has thrusted CoVs into the spotlight again and surprised us with its high transmissibility but reduced pathogenicity compared to its sister SARS-CoV.
Fǝlangtǝ SARS-CoV-2 ye suro dawu lardǝ China ye dǝ dareye 2019 ye dǝn hangal amma samma kǝla CoVs ye dǝro kalaksǝna caye baro ki andeya ajabciwo futu tartǝgǝ nzǝ-a amma kwasa yiko fuluwata yanzǝgana SARS-CoV dǝro wumgǝmiya.
HCoV infection is a zoonosis and understanding the zoonotic origins of HCoVs would serve us well.
Zamtǝ HCoV ye dǝ kwasa dabba ye kuru fǝrtǝ kwasa dabba men gotin HCoVs ye dǝ asuta dǝ andeya banajin.
Most HCoVs originated from bats where they are non-pathogenic.
HCoVs nguwu so fǝrtǝnzǝ batata na dǝwo sandi dǝn kwasa ba lan.
The intermediate reservoir hosts of some HCoVs are also known.
Sabtǝram buro hawalmi ye HCoVs ye dǝ notǝna.
Identifying the animal hosts has direct implications in the prevention of human diseases.
Dabba dǝwo kwasa dǝga sǝndǝ gozǝna ma dǝga notǝ dǝ faida kǝla tilowa ro mbeji kǝla kwasa adamngana ye dǝ faitǝ ro.
Investigating CoV-host interactions in animals might also derive important insight on CoV pathogenesis in humans.
CoV-host dǝga kulastǝ dǝ kela futu am so wa letayin ye dǝn dǝ waneye asuta faida kǝla CoV ye kwasa adamngana ro tartǝgǝ yen.
In this review, we present an overview of the existing knowledge about the seven HCoVs, with a focus on the history of their discovery as well as their zoonotic origins and interspecies transmission.
Suro nazaru adǝyen, bayan kǝla ilmu dǝwo kǝrmaro mbeji ma ye kǝla HCoVs tulur dǝ yen, hangal yiyen kǝla gargam futu sandiya tuwondǝna yen kuru dabba dǝwo shi men cizǝna ye-a kuru kate dǝn fafaltǝnzǝ dǝga yen.
Importantly, we compare and contrast the different HCoVs from a perspective of virus evolution and genome recombination.
Musamman ma ro, HCoVs jili kada dǝga gǝrenye ratalnye ruyen kururam kuli kwasabe dǝ ye junsunzǝ-a faltǝ futu shiya buron notǝnadin.
The current CoV disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic is discussed in this context.
Kwasa kǝrmaye CoV 2019 Ye dǝ (COVID-19) dinaro tartǝgǝyin ma dǝ kǝlanzǝn manatǝna suro bab adǝyen.
In addition, the requirements for successful host switches and the implications of virus evolution on disease severity are also highlighted.
Ngawo adǝyen, gotǝm ye kalkal ro faltǝnzǝ ye mǝradǝ-a kuru awo dǝwo ne kuli kwasabe ye nǝm kǝraw kwasabe ro sǝdin-a so dǝ ye kǝla dǝn manatǝna.
Coronaviruses (CoVs) belong to the family Coronaviridae, which comprises a group of enveloped, positive-sensed, single-stranded RNA viruses.
Coronavirus (CoVs) dǝ yalla Coronavirdae ye dǝn kara, shi dǝwo ne suro nzǝ dǝn samno kǝkǝrrata, positive-sensed, single-stranded RNA viruses mbeji ma.
These viruses harbouring the largest genome of 26 to 32 kilobases amongst RNA viruses were termed “CoVs” because of their crown-like morphology under electron microscope.
Kuliwa kwasabe dǝ alowa kura dǝ-a derijin 26 to 32 kilobases suro kuliwa kwasabe RNA ye dǝ sha “CoVs” lan buwotin s siffanzǝ dǝ electron microscope lan wutiya zawa maiye dǝga samǝn dǝro.
Structurally, CoVs have non-segmented genomes that share a similar organization.
Siffa men wunǝmiya, CoVs dǝ alowa yayak tǝnyi fasal gili tilowa ma.
Approximately two thirds of the genome contain two large overlapping open reading frames (ORF1a and ORF1b), which are translated into the pp1a and pp1ab replicase polyproteins.
Tǝadirro kashi ndi suro yakkǝ yen alowabe dǝ ye dǝ suro nzan ndi kura kura mbeji (ORF1a and ORF1b), sandiya pp1a kuru pp1ab replicase polyproteins ro fasarrata ma.
The polyproteins are further processed to generate 16 non-structural proteins, designated nsp1~16.
Sandi polyproteins so dǝ protiens miyaun arakkǝn ayimaro kǝltǝnyidǝa fuwulan gartǝro sandiya cedo, kwamison sha generate 16 non-structural proteins, sha nsp1~16 lan notǝnama.
The remaining portion of the genome contains ORFs for the structural proteins, including spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M) and nucleoprotein (N).
Na gade genome ye gabsǝna dǝ suro nzǝn ORFs mbeji structural proteins ye, including spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M) and nucleoprotein (N).
A number of lineage-specific accessory proteins are also encoded by different lineages of CoVs.
Durra-nowata proteins ro kǝllata-a kada sandiye kuruman kǝltana durra CoVs gade gadero.
Based on the difference in protein sequences, CoVs are classified into four genera (alpha-CoV, beta-CoV, gamma-CoV and delta-CoV), among which the beta-CoV genera contains most HCoVs and is subdivided into four lineages (A, B, C and D).
Nǝm gade gade Proteins ye lǝatar ro, CoVs so dǝ kashi diyau ro yakkatǝ (alpha-CoV, beta-CoV, gamma-CoV and delta-CoV), suro dǝn beta-CoV genera dǝ suro nzǝn HCoVs nguwu so mbeji kuru shi dǝ diyau ro yakkatǝ (A, B, C and D).
Phylogenetic evidence has shown that bats and rodents serve as the gene source of most alpha-CoVs and beta-CoVs, while birds are the main reservoir of gamma-CoVs and delta-CoVs.
Dalilwa Phylogenetic ye fǝlezǝna kǝla batata-a jilwa so-a dǝ sandima fǝrtǝ alpha-CoVs-a beta-CoVs-a ye wo ro, kuru ngudowa dǝ sandima gamma-CoVs-a delta-CoVs-a dǝ kǝndǝm gotǝna wo.
For thousands of years, CoVs have constantly crossed species barriers and some have emerged as important human pathogens.
Saa duwu kada ro, CoVs so dǝ garza alau kada kozana kuru lanza dǝ isa kwasa kura adamngana ye ro wallada.
To date, seven human CoVs (HCoVs) are known.
Ku ro kuden, CoVs (HCoVs) tulur adamgana-a kǝlata notǝ.
Among them HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63 are alpha-CoVs.
Suro nzan HCoV-229E-a HCoV-NL63-a dǝ sandi alpha-CoVs.
The other five beta-CoVs include HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2.
Beta-CoVs uwu gade dǝ sandima HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) kuru SARS-CoV-2-a.
HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1 and HCoV-NL63 usually cause mild symptoms, like common cold and/or diarrhea.
HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1 kuru HCoV-NL63-a dǝ nguwu so ro alamawa kǝndondibe gana fǝlezain alama tantayi/aw shidada yeyi.
In contrast, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and the newly-identified SARS-CoV-2 are highly pathogenic, causing severe lower respiratory tract infection in relatively more patients with a higher chance to develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and extrapulmonary manifestations.
Rataltǝgǝ men, SARS-CoV-a MERS-CoV-a kuru bǝlin ro asutuna ma SARS-CoV-2 dǝ sandi zauro kwasa saudin, kwasa yintǝram ye zau ma fufu ro saudin am dondi nguwu son kuru alamaram zauro yintǝbe waneye sawandin (acute respiratory distress syndrome) (ARDS) ye kudo mbeji kuru extrapulmonary manifestations -a son.
The first HCoV-229E strain, B814, was isolated from the nasal discharge of patients with common cold in mid-1960s.
Shi HCoV-229E durranzǝ buro hawalmi ye dǝ, B814, suro tǝlin kǝnza kam dondi dǝwo tantayi ye sǝtana yen zauro kadda suro saa dawu-1960 lan cetolo.
Since then, more knowledge was accumulated through extensive studies on HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43, both of which cause self-limiting symptoms.
Tǝn loktu adǝ lan, ilmu kada sabtǝna nazaru kada men kǝla HCoV-229E -a HCoV-OC43-a yen, sandi ndi so alamawa kǝndondibe kam fulujin ma fǝlezain.
Indeed, the concept had been widely accepted that infection with HCoVs is generally harmless until the outbreak of SARS.
Tawadǝro, ra'ayu dǝ nduso ye kasadsǝna kǝla zamtǝ HCoVs ye dǝ kamma darurajinmba ro hatta sai SARS falangzǝnan do.
The SARS outbreak occurred in 2003 is one of the most devastating in current history, infecting over 8,000 people with a crude case fatality of approximately 10%.
Fǝlangtǝ SARS ye 2003 lan wazǝna dǝ zauro dibi tarihi kǝrmaye lan, am 8,000 kǝlan zamzǝ adadu kǝrmu ye Tǝadirrata 10%.
Ten years later, the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak resulted in a persistent epidemic in the Arabian Peninsula with sporadic spreading to the rest of the world.
Ngawo saa mewu yen, the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) dǝ fǝlangatǝ sǝkǝ kwasa tartǝgǝna suro lardǝ-a Arabbaye lan lardǝwa dinaye falfal ye ro tartǝgǝna.
The 2019 novel HCoV (2019-nCoV), which has subsequently been renamed SARS-CoV-2, is the causative agent of the ongoing epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has claimed more than 3,120 lives and infected more than 91,000 people as of March 3, 2020.
Shi 2019 ye HCoV bǝlin ro suluwuna ma dǝ (2019-nCoV), shi dǝwo ne dare sha SARS-CoV-2 lan buwotǝna dǝ, shi dǝ natija kwasa kǝrmaro dinan tartǝgǝyin coronavirus 2019 dǝ ye (COVID-19), shi dǝwo ne am 3,120 samin cezǝna dǝ kuru am 91,000 samin zamzǝna March 3, 2020 lan.
The alarm has been ringing and the world has to prepare for the coming pandemic of SARS-CoV-2.
Je dǝ gǝndo sǝdin kuru dina dǝ cizǝ kwasa SARS-CoV-2 ye ishin ma adǝ ro dawartǝ.
All seven HCoVs have a zoonotic origin from bats, mice or domestic animals.
HCoVs tulur dǝ wo so fǝrtǝnza dabba men kesha batata men, jilwa men, aw dabbawa fatoye men.
Multiple lines of evidence support an evolutionary origin of all HCoVs from bats, where viruses are well adapted and non-pathogenic but show great genetic diversity.
Dalilwa kada ye fǝlezǝna kǝla HCoVs wo so batata men kedo ro, kuru kuliwa kwasabe dǝ sandiya gowotǝ kuru kwasa ba amma zauro nǝmgade gadenza-a fǝlezǝna.
The COVID-19 epidemic has presented enormous medical, scientific, social and moral challenges to China and the world.
COVID-19 dǝ zauro kaziyi kurunye, ilmuye, jamaye, kuru tarbiya ye-a China-a dina samma so ro-a ro suwudǝna.
Tracing the zoonotic origins of HCoVs provides a framework to understand the natural history, driving force and restriction factors of species jumping.
Sursuri dabba dǝwo HCoVs suwudǝna ye dǝ kǝnga dǝ diwal tarihi dǝ asutaye cin, awo sha banajin ma, awo dǝwo shiro takal suwudin.
This might also guide or facilitate the search for the reservoir, intermediate and amplifying animal host(s) of SARS-CoV-2, with important implications in the prevention of future spillovers.
Shi dǝ ye andeya shimozǝ sǝbtǝramnzǝ, dabbawa dawu dawu yin SARS-CoV-2 tarzayin ma, fuwu lan watǝ katǝgǝ ro.
In this review we present an overview of the zoonotic origins, interspecies transmission and pathogenesis of HCoVs.
Nazaru adǝ lan ande ye bayan kǝla dabba dǝwo shi men isna ye-a, farnǝm alay gade ro kotǝ-a nǝm kwasa gota HCoVs-a diyen.
Particularly, we highlight and discuss the common theme that parental viruses of HCoVs are typically non-pathogenic in their natural reservoir hosts but become pathogenic after interspecies transmission to a new host.
Musamman ma ro, ande ye bayan-a gashibtǝ-a cidiye kǝla awowa nowata kuli kwasabe awa duli ye ma HCoVs soadaye ma kwasa tarzayinnmba nanza asal namzana dǝn amma kwasa tarzayin ro walzain ngawo cida kǝla awo gade ye ro kozaiyya.
We also review the trend of HCoV evolution in which the increase in transmissibility often comes with the decrease in pathogenicity.
Kuru ande ye HCoVs ye watǝnzǝ dǝga cure na tartǝgǝnzǝ dǝ ye tǝra dǝ nguwu so ro rokko kwasa dǝ fulutǝ-a ro ishin.
The outcome of the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 outbreak is also discussed in this context.
Natija fǝlangtǝzǝ kǝrmaro wajin ma SARS-CoV-2 ye dǝ shi ye kǝlafdǝn manatǝna suro mauduwu adǝ yen.
Animal CoVs have been known since late 1930s.
CoVs dabba ye dǝ tǝn dareye 1930s yen notǝna.
Before the first isolation of HCoV-229E strain B814 from the nasal discharge of patients who had contracted common cold, different CoVs had been isolated in various infected animals, including turkey, mouse, cow, pig, cat and dog.
Kawu kǝretǝ kǝn hawalmi ye HCoV-229E durra B814 ye dǝn tǝlin kǝnza kam dondi dǝwo tantayi ye sǝtana yen, CoVs kada kǝretǝna dabbawa kada lan, suro dǝn tolotolo, jilwa, fe, godu, ngam-a kǝri-a mbeji.
In the past decades, seven HCoVs have been identified.
Saa kada ngawobe kozǝna dǝn, HCoV jili gade gade tulur fodutǝ.
A brief summary of the history of HCoV discovery in chronological order (Table ​1) would be informative and instructive.
Tarihi kasarrata HCoVye loktu fodutǝnzabe'a (Tewur 1) kasarrata dǝ bayan cinye kuru ilmu cinye ro waljin.
The first HCoV-229E strain was isolated from the respiratory tract of patients with upper respiratory tract infection in the year of 1966, and was subsequently adapted to grow in WI-38 lung cell lines.
Kuli HCoV-229E buro salakye dǝ zawal yintǝbe tiyi am kwasa zawal yintǝbe zamzǝnabe sandiya sǝtanayen firratǝ suro saa 1966be lan, daji kuru ngawo adǝyen suro lai sel fufu ye shiro WI-38 sayindǝn wuratǝ gozǝ kowono.
Patients infected with HCoV-229E presented with common cold symptoms, including headache, sneezing, malaise and sore-throat, with fever and cough seen in 10~20% cases.
Am do sandiya HCoV-229Eye zamzǝna alamawa tantanyi noatabe fǝleyada, suro dǝn kǝla sǝrǝn so, wadiska ikko so, tiyi samma so kuttu fantǝ-a nguwalto lilimtǝ-a, rokko dǝn kuru kange-a kasau zata-a turuna suro ci 10~20% lamarra au kessaye dǝn.
Later in 1967, HCoV-OC43 was isolated from organ culture and subsequent serial passage in brains of suckling mice.
Dare saa 1967ye lan, HCoV-OC43 dǝ awo shiro "organ culture" sayin me dǝn firratǝ kuru ngawo adǝyen kǝrǝng julwa sǝnana nganji sasayin men yita kotǝgǝ men.
The clinical features of HCoV-OC43 infection appear to be similar to those caused by HCoV-229E, which are symptomatically indistinguishable from infection with other respiratory tract pathogens such as influenza A viruses and rhinoviruses.
Alamawa liyitaribe kam kwasa HCoV-OC43be zamzǝnaye dǝ alamawa do HCoV-229Ebe'a samun ro wallono, sandiye kuru nasha futu kamma zǝkcin me dǝn kwasawa kuli zawal yintǝbe gade jili "influenza A virus" -a "rhinovirus"-asobe dǝga gayertimba wo.
Both HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43 are distributed globally, and they tend to be predominantly transmitted during the season of winter in temperate climate.
HCoV-229E-a kuru HCoV-OC43-a ndiso dunya samma so ro samtǝgǝna, kuru sandiye kam ro faltayin zaman binǝmye lan na kǝnda dunyabe zauro amusu lan.
Generally, the incubation time of these two viruses is less than one week, followed by an approximately 2-week illness.
Ngǝwuso ro, loktu kuliwa sǝnana kwasa saudinma anyiye kaltayin dǝ magǝ fal ma ro gana wo, daji ngawo adǝyen magǝ indi nǝm dondiye zǝgayin.
According to a human volunteer study, healthy individuals infected with HCoV-229E developed mild common cold.
Kǝra kǝlanzǝkkobe adammanaye laaye wono, am nganza do sandiya HCoV-229Eye zamzǝna so dǝ tantanyi noata ma zau gǝnyi sandiya citan.
Only a few immunocompromised patients exhibited severe lower respiratory tract infection.
Am dondi do kǝmbafi tiyinzabe duno ba'a ro walzana gana laa bas kwasa zawal yintǝbe cidiyabe zau ma sandiya cita.
SARS, also known as “atypical pneumonia”, was the first well documented HCoV-caused pandemic in human history and the etiological agent is SARS-CoV, the third HCoV discovered.
SARS, shi doni kwasa nimoniyaben noata ma dǝga gadezǝna dǝ shima wawa kwasabe dalil HCoVye kǝla dǝn zauro bayan saptǝna ma wo tarihi adammanaye lan.
The first case of SARS can be traced back to late 2002 in Guangdong Province of China.
Lamar SARSye buro salakye dǝ saa 2002 ye datǝgǝram lan foduwotǝ Nasha Guangdongbe lardǝ China be lan.
The SARS epidemic resulted in 8,096 reported cases with 774 deaths, spreading across many countries and continents.
Wawa SARSye dǝye sǝkkǝ lamarra au kessa 8,096 rifot tǝdǝna kuru am 774 cezǝna, lardǝwa kadaro tarratǝgǝ.
Apart from the super-spreaders, it was estimated that each case could give rise to approximately two secondary cases, with an incubation period of 4 to 7 days and the peak of viral load appearing on the 10th day of illness.
Tartǝwu kura kura dǝ dawun ba ro, lamar au kes wo so kes gade indi kura kura suwudin ro tǝmatǝgǝna, loktu kaltǝm luwanzabe kau 4 lan sǝta 7 ro saadǝna kuru kawu kǝn 10 nǝm dondiye dǝn nǝm ngǝwu kuliya be tawatcin.
Patients infected with SARS-CoV initially present with myalgia, headache, fever, malaise and chills, followed by dyspnea, cough and respiratory distress as late symptoms.
Am dondi do sandiya SARS-CoV ye zamzǝna badiyaram lan sandiya tiyi sǝrǝn so, kǝla sǝrǝn so, kange so, tiyi kutta dano-a amusu-a sǝtayin, anyiye ngawon yintǝ kǝrawu so, kasau so kazǝyi yintǝbe so sandima alamawa darebe wo.
Lymphopenia, deranged liver function tests, and elevated creatine kinase are common laboratory abnormalities of SARS.
Mbautǝ na'a koji awo suro buyen shiro "lymphopenia" sayin dǝ'a, cida kǝmattǝnye jarabtǝ batti-a, kuru awo do shiro "creatine kinase" gulzayin dǝye ngǝwutǝ-a, anyi samma ayauwwa au jarawa'a (test) do jawawu kalkal sadimba ma so do SARSye suwudin.
Diffuse alveolar damage, epithelial cell proliferation and an increase of macrophages are also observed in SARS patients.
Kasam saktǝram yintǝbe banna, am kasau SARS ye sǝtanamadǝ lan hangal gǝnatuna taidazǝ surain alou do 'epithelial cell gultindǝ`a bu kwasa mbultaye suro tiyiye macrophages gultindiye zauro mebji sandilan.
Approximately 20-30% of patients subsequently require intensive care and mechanical ventilation.
Suro ci miya 100% am dondizanaye lan ci 20-30% daji cistǝgǝ ngǝla-a injin yintǝbe-a mǝradǝzana.
In addition to lower respiratory tract, multiple organs including gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidney can also be infected in these severe cases, usually accompanied with a cytokine storm, which might be lethal particularly in immunocompromised patients.
Zawal yintǝbe cidiyabe dǝn nguron, karewa surobe kada jili karewa surobe kǝmbu nyetǝye so, kǝmattǝn-a kǝntǝliram-a so samma so zamtin kessa zauro zau so lan, adǝ ngǝwuso ro awo shiro 'cytokine storm' sayin dǝ suwudin, kuru adǝye mowonzǝ kam lorjin, taganas ma ro am dondi do tiyinzan duno kwasa dǝ'a gǝrtǝye ba ma so.
The virus was first isolated from the open lung biopsy of a relative of the index patient who travelled to Hong Kong from Guangzhou.
Kuli kwasabe dǝ buro salakyen fufu dur kam do buro salakye kwasa dǝye zamzǝnabe lan firratǝ, shi doni Hong Kong ro Guanzhou lan cizǝ bǝlagurozǝna dǝ.
Since then, tremendous efforts have been dedicated to HCoV research.
Loktu shima dǝn tai kuro kude, ngǝnǝwu zauro tǝkkǝna nasha kulashi HCoVye ro.
HCoV-NL63 was isolated from a 7-month-old child from the Netherlands during late 2004.
HCoV-NL63 dǝ tiyi tada kǝntagǝ tulurra yen firratǝ au gowotǝ lardǝ Netherlandsye lan suro datǝgǝram saa 2004be lan.
It was initially found to be prevalent in young children, the elderly and immunocompromised patients with respiratory illnesses.
Badiyaram dǝn tiyi nduli sǝnanabe-a, am ngǝlinza lezǝna-a am duno kwasa gǝrtǝbe tiyinzabe ganazǝna do kuru nǝm dondi nasha yintǝbe sandi lan mbeji ma'a soye lan ngǝwu soro tuwangatǝ.
Presentation of coryza, conjunctivitis, fever, and bronchiolitis is common in the disease caused by HCoV-NL63.
Kǝnza tuttǝ-a kuru kaino fantǝ baa-a, tuno shimye-a, kange-a kuru tuno fufube-a dǝ kwasa do HCoV-NL63ye suwudin dǝn sandima ngǝwu so ro turin wo.
Another independent study described the isolation of the same virus from a nasal specimen from an 8-month-old boy suffering from pneumonia in the Netherlands.
Kulashi naptǝ kǝlanzǝye gadeye kuli shima dǝ kǝnza tada kǝntagǝ uskua do nimoniya sha zǝkcin yen firta sukkuwaltǝgǝna lardǝ Netherlandsbe lan.
Although it was identified in Netherlands, it is actually distributed globally.
Netherlands lan sha asuwatǝ yaye, dunya samma so ro samtǝgǝna au tartǝgǝna.
It has been estimated that HCoV-NL63 accounts for approximately 4.7% of common respiratory diseases, and its peak incidence occurs during early summer, spring and winter.
HCoV- NL63 dǝ shima dalil kwasawa yintǝbe ci miyabe lan ta'adir ci 4.7% yedei suwudin, kuru zaman do ngǝwu ro fǝlangjin dǝ shima badiyaram be ye-a, nǝngǝli-a kuru binǝm-a.
HCoV-NL63 is associated with obstructive laryngitis, also known as croup.
HCoV-NL63 dǝ sha dau luntǝ'a kǝltǝna, kuru shima dau zau sudin lan notǝna dǝ.
In the same year, HCoV-HKU1 was isolated from a 71-year-old man who had been hospitalized with pneumonia and bronchiolitis in Hong Kong.
Saa shima dǝn, HCoV-HKU1 tiyi konga laa saa 71 yen tutuluwuna, shi doni dalil nimoniya-a tuno fufube buronkiyolaitis gulzayin dǝ'a yen sha litarin rozana ma Hong Kong lan.
Besides community-acquired pneumonia and bronchiolitis, HCoV-HKU1 was reported to be associated with acute asthmatic exacerbation.
Nimoniya nguro lan gotin-a buronkiyolaitis-a ye guron, HCoV-HKU1 dǝ sha asǝma zauro zau'a kǝltǝna.
Similar to HCoV-NL63, HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1 was found worldwide, causing mild respiratory diseases.
HCoV-NL63-a, HCoV-229E-a, HCoV-OC43-a yedei, HCoV-HKU1 dǝye dunya samma so lan tuwandǝna, kwasa yintǝbe gana nǝske'a ammo suwudin.
All these four community-acquired HCoVs have been well adapted to humans and are generally less likely to mutate to cause highly pathogenic diseases, though accidents did occur for unknown reasons as in the rare case of a more virulent subtype of HCoV-NL63, which has recently been reported to cause severe lower respiratory tract infection in China.
HCoVwa nguro lan tuwandin sandi diyeu anyi samma so zauro tiyi adammanayen kaanza zaa gozayin kuru jili gade ro faltǝ kwasa zauro zai ma saudimba, tajirwa so wakazǝna yaye dalil notǝnyi laaye sǝkkǝ jili HCoV-NL63ye zauro zau ma do China lan kwasa diwal yintǝbe cidiyabe zauro zau suwudin.
Generally, when these HCoVs acquire the abilities to transmit efficiently and to maintain themselves continuously within humans, they also become less virulent or pathogenic.
Ngǝwuso ro, sa HCoVwa anyiye raktǝ tiyi kamma ro faltǝgǝbe-a kuru tiyi kamman kazǝyi ba ro kǝnǝngatǝbe-a sowandaiyya, raktǝnza kammo illa au kwasa kudobe dǝ ganajin.
MERS-CoV was first isolated in 2012 from the lung of a 60-year-old patient who developed acute pneumonia and renal failure in Saudi Arabia.
MERS-CoV dǝ buro salakyen fufu kam dondi nimoniyaye zauro sha zǝksǝna saa 60'a ye lan firratǝ au gowotǝ saa 2012yen Saudia lan.
Whereas most of the laboratory-confirmed cases originate from the Middle East, imported cases with occasional secondary spreads to close contacts have been reported in various European countries and Tunisia.
Lamarra au kessa lab lan tawattǝgǝna ngǝwuso Gǝdi dawube lan ciwono yaye, lamarra au kessa lardǝwa gaden tuwudǝna do loktu loktu lan am karunguye ro tartǝyin dǝ lardǝwa Europebe-a Tunisia-a lan rifot tǝdǝna.
Another secondary outbreak occurred in South Korea in 2015 with 186 confirmed cases.
South Korea lan fǝlangtǝ kura gade wakazǝna saa 2015 lamarra au kessa 186 tawattǝgǝna..
Clinical manifestations of MERS resemble those of SARS, characterized by progressive acute pneumonia.
Alamawa nǝm dondibe MERS ye dǝ SARS ye dǝga samun, nimoniya zauro zau ma lan asutin.
Unlike SARS, many patients with MERS also developed acute renal failure, which is thus far unique for MERS among HCoV-caused diseases.
SARS yedei gǝnyi, am MERSye sandiya sǝtana ngǝwu so kǝntǝliram nza cidajimba ro waljin, adǝ shima MERS'a gayerzǝ kwasawa HCoVye gade so'a.
More than 30% of patients present with gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea and vomiting.
Suro am dondizanaye ci 30% ma kozǝna alamawa suro kuttaye fǝlezana, misallo shidada-a fitǝ-a.
As of February 14, 2020, over 2500 laboratory confirmed cases were reported with a high case fatality of 34.4%, making MERS-CoV one of the most devastating viruses known to humans.
Kǝntagǝ Februariye kaunzǝ kǝn 14ye saa 2020 ye lan ku ro kude, lamarra lab lan tawattǝgǝna 2500 samin ye rifot tǝdǝna, kǝrmu ci 34.4% yedei tǝma'ata, MERS-CoV daji kuli kwasabe diwi adammanaye nozǝna shiyeyi ba ro wallono.
During middle to late December 2019, clusters of pneumonia patients retrospectively known to be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection were detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Dau dau kǝntagǝ December saa 2019ye lan tai darenzǝ ro kude, jam'u am nimoniyaye sandiya zǝkcin ma doni kwasa SARS-CoV-2'a leyata ma so cidi Wuhan, nasha Hubei, lardǝ Chinaye lan fodutǝna.
World Health Organization declared the ongoing outbreak of lower respiratory tract infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 a Public Health Emergency of International Concern and also named the disease COVID-19.
Karapka Nǝlewabe Dunyabeye kwasa zawal yintǝbe cidiyabe ma kǝrmaa ro wakajin ma dǝ'a Lamar Nǝlewa Jamaye Duwasashibe do dunya samma so'a zǝksǝna ma sǝ fǝlejio kuru kwasa shima dǝ'a COVID-19 lan bowono.
As of March 3, 2020, 90,053 cases have been confirmed worldwide, with a crude case fatality of 3.4%.
Kǝntagǝ Marisye kaunzǝ kǝn ǝ me saa 2020 yen, lamarra 90,053 dunya samma son tawattǝgǝna, suro adǝyen ci 3.4% dǝ cejin.
Notably, the case fatality in Hubei, China is 4.2%, whereas the one outside of it is 1.2%.
Hubei, China lan kwasa dǝye am cezǝnadǝ kashi 4.2%, amma diyanzaye dǝ 1.2% cezǝ.
SARS-CoV-2 causes severe respiratory infection like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, presented as fever, cough and dyspnea.
SARS-CoV-2 dǝ kwasa yintǝbe zauro zau ma suwudin jili SARS-CoV -a kuru MERS-CoV-a yedei, alamawa fǝlejin dǝye sandima kange, kasau-a yintǝ kǝji ro fandǝm gotǝ baa-a.
Diarrhea is also seen in some patients.
Shidadaye am dondi laa son turuna.
Pneumonia is one of the most severe symptoms and can progress rapidly to acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Nimoniya shima alama nǝm dondiye zauro zau ma wo kuru raksǝ kwasa yintǝbe zauro duno'a ro waljin.
Although SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 are very similar due to high nucleotide sequence homology of 82%, they cluster into different branches in the phylogenetic tree.
SARS-CoV-a SARS-CoV-2-a dǝ zauro samin yaye, jam'u kada ro walza daji kǝska yallaye dǝn dalam gade gade ro gasarayin.
SARS-CoV-2 is apparently less pathogenic but more transmissible compared to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.
SARS-CoV-2 dǝ nǝm zau lan au kamma dondi ro dio men SARS-CoV -a MERS-CoV -a yedei sǝtǝnyi amma kuru kammo faltǝgǝ men sandiya kozǝna.
Asymptomatic subjects infected with SARS-CoV-2 have been reported and might contribute to its rapid spreading around the world.
Am SARS-CoV-2 ye sandiya zamzǝna amma alama fǝletǝ badizanyi ye rifot tǝdǝna kuru adǝye banaǝgǝ dunya ro duwaro tartǝyin.
Comparing and contrasting SARS-CoV-2 with the other six HCoVs reveal similarities and differences of great interest.
SARS-CoV-2 - a HCoV'a arakkǝ gabsǝna dǝ'a gǝrenǝm kǝllǝm yellǝmiya, nǝm samunza-a nǝm gade gadenza-a kamma ajabsǝyin kada fǝlejin.
First, the incubation period and the duration of the course of HCoV disease are very similar.
Kǝn tilominzǝ dǝ, loktu bafǝ kaltin dǝ-a kuru loktu kwasa HCoVye gojin dǝ-a dǝ zauro samun.
In this regard, SARS-CoV-2 follows the general trend of the other six HCoVs.
Lamar adǝ me dǝn, SARS-CoV-2 dǝ shi HCoVwa arakkǝ dǝye noata ma dǝ gowotcin..
Second, the severity of symptoms of COVID-19 lies between SARS-CoV and the four community-acquired HCoVs (i.e. HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1 and HCoV-NL63).
Kǝn indiminzǝ, nǝm zau alamawa COVID-19ye dǝ ndikate SARS-CoVye-a HCoVwa diyeu gabsǝna (sandima HcoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1 and HCoV-NL63) nguro lan gotin ye'a lan kara.
On one hand, SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibits features that are more commonly seen during infection with community-acquired HCoVs, including the presentation of non-specific, mild or even no symptoms.
Mukko fallan, kwasa SARS-CoV-2 dǝ alamawa fǝlejin dǝ sandima jili alamawa HCoVwa nguro lan gotin so lan turin dǝ, surodǝn mbeji alama ngǝla ro notǝnyi fǝletǝ so, alama zau gǝnyi au alama baa so.
On the other hand, a small subset of severe cases of COVID-19 can also be seen as in the case of SARS-CoV infection, although the ratio is a bit lower.
Mukko fal dǝn, jum'la gana laa lamarra COVID-19ye zauro zauma ye turin jili lamar kwasa SARS-CoV ye kamma letǝ so, nǝm ngǝwu kamma tawobe dǝ gana cidiyazǝna yaye.
Third, the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 also shows interesting patterns characteristic of both community-acquired HCoVs and SARS-CoV.
Kǝn yakkǝme, SARS-CoV-2 ye kammo faltǝgǝ dǝ kǝndoramwa do suro halla/alamawa HCoV nguron gotinbe-a SARS-CoVbe-a ndiso fǝlezǝna.
On one hand, the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 is at least as high as that of community-acquired HCoVs.
Mukko fallan, kammo faltǝgǝ SARS-CoV-2ye dǝ gananzǝ yaye kammo faltǝgǝ HCoV nguron gotin yedei sǝtǝna.
On the other hand, it remains to be verified whether the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 decreases after passages in humans as in the cases of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.
Mukko fal dǝn, kammo faltǝgǝ SARS-CoV-2ye dǝ ngawo tiyi adammana so yen gaa kozǝnayen fulutin la fulutimba jili kessa SARS-CoV-a MERS-CoV-a yedei dǝ fuwun do tawattǝyin.
Finally, same as the other HCoVs, SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in fecal samples.
Dare dajiram lan, HCoVwa dǝ yedei, SARS-CoV-2 de suro samfǝr najasa au bǝlibe yen mowonzǝ asutin.
Whether fecal-oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 plays an important role as in the case of SARS-CoV at least under some circumstance remains to be clarified by future studies.
Najasa-ci men Faltǝgǝ SARS-CoV-2ye dǝ katap faida'a gowotcin la gowotcimba jili lamar SARS-CoV yedei kǝndawa laan dǝ kulashi fuwubeye fǝlejin.
It is also of particularly great interest to see whether SARS-CoV-2 might exhibit seasonality as in the cases of community-acquired HCoVs.
Awo taganas ma ro notiya tǝraana dǝ shima SARS-CoV-2 dǝ zaman ro lezǝyin wa jili HCoVwa nguron gotun so yedei.
Nevertheless, the features of SARS-CoV-2 including its transmissibility, pathogenicity and sustainable spreading after passages in humans will be influential on the ultimate fate of the ongoing outbreak of COVID-19.
Samma son yaye, alamawa SARS-CoV-2 asutin jili kammo faltǝgǝ so, kamma donditǝgǝ so, kuru suro amma lan tartǝgǝnzǝ so samma faidajin tamoram COVID-19 kǝrmaa ro fǝlangzǝna dǝ notǝ ro.
All four community-acquired HCoVs causing mild symptoms have been well adapted to humans.
HCoVwa nguron gotin diyeu samma so gana laa kamma dondizayin kuru adammana so'a ba salina.
From another perspective, it might also be true that humans have been well adapted to these four HCoVs.
Kururam gade men, jire ro waljin adammana so dǝ HCoV wa diyeu anyi'a ba salina.
In other words, both could be the survivors of ancient HCoV pandemics.
Gultǝ gade men, indi so wawa HCoVye din soru kǝnǝngatana.
HCoVs that cause severe diseases in humans and humans who developed severe HCoV diseases have been eliminated.
HCoVwa do tiyi adammana soyen kwasa zauro zau sawudin ma-a adammana so do kwasa HCoVye zau tiyinzan waazǝna-a samma ba ro tǝdǝna.
For this to happen, HCoVs have to replicate in humans to sufficient extent to allow the accumulation of adaptive mutations that counteract host restriction factors.
Adǝgai dǝ wakatǝ ro, HCoVwa dǝ tiyi adammana so yen tai daza ngǝwuzayin futu mowonzǝ kǝnda tiyibe dǝ salinna son faltayin ro hatta askǝrra tiyibe raksa kǝriuzayin ro waljin.
In this sense, the longer the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak persists and the more people that it infects, the greater chance that it will fully adapt to humans.
Asutǝ adǝ lan, wawa SARS-CoV-2 ye dǝ loktu gǝrjinna son kuru amma sǝtayin au zamjinna son, duluwu do adammana so'a cetto sǝli au tiyinzan napcinye dǝ kura jin.
If it adapts well, its transmission in humans would be difficult to stop by quarantine or other infection control measures.
Zauro tiyi amma sǝli kaanzǝ zǝgǝ gowono maa, kamma ruwunzǝ kortǝ so katappa gade kamma kǝnta daptǝye so dǝ ye tartǝgǝnzǝ dapcimba.
For many years, the four community-acquired CoVs circulate in human populations, triggering common cold in immunocompetent subjects.
Saa kada ro CoVwa nguro lan gotin dǝ dau jumla adammanaye lan fomzayin, tantanyi noata ma dau am bunza dunowa ye lan sǝsangin.
These viruses do not need an animal reservoir.
Kuliwa kwasabe anyi tiyi dabbaye so mǝradǝzanyi.
In contrast, highly pathogenic SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV have not adapted to humans well and their transmission within humans cannot be sustained.
Adǝro gadezǝna, SARS-CoV -a MERS-CoV -a do zauro kam dondizayin ma dǝ adammana so'a salǝnyi ngǝla ro kuru kam ro fafaltǝgǝnza dǝ loktu ngǝwu ro dǝgayimba.
They need to maintain and propagate in their zoonotic reservoirs and seek the chance to spillover to susceptible human targets, possibly via one or more intermediate and amplifying hosts.
sandi anyi ma dǝ tiyi dabbayen kǝnǝngatǝ-a ngǝwutǝ-a mǝradǝzana, daji allan tiyi dabbaye dǝn adammana ro kozayin, duluwuwa fal au adǝ'a kozǝna men.
SARS-CoV-2 has features that are similar to both SARS-CoV/MERS-CoV and the four community-acquired HCoVs.
SARS-CoV-2 dǝ halla/alamawanzǝ laa dǝ SARS-CoV/MERS-CoV-a HCoVwa diyeu nguron gotin dǝ'a samun.
It is highly transmissible like community-acquired HCoVs, at least for the time being.
Shidǝ HCoVwa nguron gotin so yedei zauro faltǝgǝ butu'a, kǝrmaa dǝ ro.
However, it is more pathogenic than community-acquired HCoVs and less pathogenic than SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV.
Adǝgaima, HCoVwa nguron gotin so dǝ'a nǝm zau kam donditǝgǝye lan kozǝna, amma kuru SARS-CoV au MERS-CoV yedei sǝtǝnyi.
It remains to be seen whether it will adapt fully to humans and circulate within humans without a reservoir or intermediate animal host.
Fuwulan do turin raksǝ tiyi adammana soye cotto sǝli kuru tiyinzan fomjin guwom au dabba ndikate dǝn ba ro.