atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
Tests using two components were not determined to be reliable until 28 February 2020, and it was not until then that state and local laboratories were permitted to begin testing.
Jarawa awowa indi lan tǝdin dǝ tǝngatǝyin ro gotǝnyi sai kǝntagǝ Februarybe kaunzǝ 28nna, kuru loktu allan do huwuma'a kǝriyebe-a sǝnana-a ro amari sha faidatǝ baditǝye cowanda.
The test was approved by the Food and Drug Administration under an Emergency Use Authorization.US commercial labs began testing in early March 2020.
Jarawa dǝ faidatǝnzǝ "the Food and Drug Administration"ye cidiya Amari yio Faidatǝ Duwasashibe lan kasatkano. Lab'a naptǝ kǝlanzabe USbe badiyaram kǝntagǝ Marchbe saa 2020be lan tes dio badiyada.
As of 5 March 2020 LabCorp announced nationwide availability of COVID-19 testing based on RT-PCR.
Kǝntagǝ Marchbe kaunzǝ 5 saa 2020be lan kamfani LabCorp nǝm mbeji jarawa COVID-19 "RT-PCR" men dio lardǝ samma son mbeji sǝ warmajio.
Quest Diagnostics similarly made nationwide COVID-19 testing available as of 9 March 2020.
Advgaima "Quest Diagnostics"ye lardǝ samma son jarawa COVID-19 dio mbeji ro cido kǝntagǝ Marchbe kaunzǝ 9 saa 2020be lan.
No quantity limitations were announced; specimen collection and processing must be performed according to CDC requirements.
Datǝram nǝm ngǝwube jili wi ma warmatǝnyi; awo shi lan tes au jarawa tǝdin dǝ gota-a cida dio-a samma futu CDCbe gulzǝna ro dio dǝ mbu.
In Russia, the COVID-19 test was developed and produced by the State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR.
Russia lan, jarawa COVID-19be dǝ "the State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR" shima ngalwozǝgǝ kuru citando.
On 11 February 2020 the test was registered by the Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare.On 12 March 2020, Mayo Clinic was reported to have developed a test to detect COVID-19 infection.On 13 March 2020, Roche Diagnostics received FDA approval for a test which could be performed within 3.5 hours in high volume, thus allowing one machine to do approximately 4,128 tests in a 24-hour period.
Kǝntagǝ Februarybe kaunzǝ 11 saa 2020be lan, jarawa dǝ'a "the Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare"ye baf ro cikko. Kǝntagǝ Marchbe kaunzǝ 2020'a, litari gana "Mayo Clinic" sayindǝ jarawa kwasa COVID-19be fodutǝye sǝtandǝnaye bayan tuwandǝna. Kǝntagǝ Marchbe kaunzǝ 13 saa 2020 lan, Roche Diagnostics'ye kasada na FDA yen cuwando jarawa do suro awa 3.5 ngǝwu ro tǝdin ma dioye, adǝye daji svkkǝ injin falye raksǝ jarawa 4,128 yedei suro awa 24yen.
On 19 March 2020, the FDA issued emergency use authorization (EUA) to Abbott Laboratories for a test on Abbott's m2000 system; the FDA had previously issued similar authorization to Hologic, LabCorp, and Thermo Fisher Scientific.
Kǝntagǝ Marchbe kau 19'a saa 2020, FDAye amari kǝnda duwasashibe lan faidatǝye "Abbott Laboratories" ro ceno jarawa au tes kǝla Abbottye nzunduzǝ m2000 be lan dio ro; FDAdǝ amari adǝga samunga "Hologic-a, LabCorp-a, kuru Thermo Fisher Scientific-a" ro cina.
On 21 March 2020, Cepheid similarly received EUA from the FDA for a test that takes about 45 minutes.
Kǝntagǝ Marchye kaunzǝ 21 saa 2020 lan, Cepheidye EUA na FDAye lan cuwando jarawa au tes laa minti 45 gojin ma dio ro.
The FDA has approved a test that uses isothermal nucleic acid amplification technology instead of PCR.
FDA dǝ jarawa do "isothermal nucleic acid amplification technology" susu PCR be ro faidatin ro ro amari au kasada cina.
Since this does not require a series of alternating temperature cycles this method can deliver positive results in as little as five minutes and negative results in 13 minutes.
Adǝ ma dǝ kau do tiyibe fafaltin ma so faidatimba daa duluwu adǝ tamoram kuli kwasaye dǝ mbejiye suro minti uwu (5) ro ganawo yen cin kuru tamoram kuli kwasabe ba ye dǝ suro minti 13yen cin.
There are currently about 18,000 of these machines in the U.S. and Abbott expects to ramp up manufacturing to deliver 50,000 tests per day.A test which uses a monoclonal antibody which specifically binds to the nucleocapsid protein (N protein) of the novel coronavirus is being developed in Taiwan, with the hope that it can provide results in 15 to 20 minutes just like a rapid influenza test.
Kǝrmaa ro US lan injin shima dǝ sandi 18,000 mbeji kuru Abbottye tǝmazǝna injin dǝ baktǝ sǝra wajiya wo son jarawa 50,000 tǝdin ro. Jarawa do awo shiro "monoclonal antibody" faidatin ma shi doni taganasro "nucleocapsid protein (N protein)" coronavirusye ro kǝrtǝyin ma Taiwan lan tǝnandǝna, tǝma do tamoram suro minti 15 -20 saadǝna yen cinna ro, jarawa tantanyibe duwa duwabe yedei.
A March 2020 literature review concluded that "chest radiographs are of little diagnostic value in early stages, whereas CT [computed tomography] findings may be present even before symptom onset."
Kra au ilmu waltǝm kuru kǝntagǝ Marchbe saa 2020 wono "radiographs au foto nganjibe dǝ nasha kwasa kamma zǝkcin manǝm notǝbe lan faidanzǝ kǝske sa kwasa dǝ adǝma badizǝna dǝn, amma kuru awo shiro CT [computed tomography]ye fandonzǝ so dǝ mbeji ro waljin kawu alamawa kwasa dǝye fǝletǝ badijin ma ro".
Typical features on CT include bilateral multilobar ground-glass opacificities with a peripheral, asymmetric and posterior distribution.
Awowa tiyi CTben daana so dǝ sandima "bilateral multilobar ground-glass opacificities" do tiyinzǝn karewanzǝ ci ci-a, dau men-a kuru datǝgǝram-a lan samtǝna.
Subpleural dominance, crazy paving and consolidation develop as the disease evolves.
Kwasa dǝ fuwutǝ sǝdinna son "subpleural dominance'' waajin, mǝradǝ ajabba-a kuru futu fufube-a wakajin.
A study comparing PCR to CT in Wuhan at the point of origin of the current pandemic has suggested that CT is significantly more sensitive than PCR, though less specific, with many of its imaging features overlapping with other pneumonias and disease processes.
Kulashi au kǝra PCR-a CT-a gǝrejin ma Wuhan na do wawa dǝ baditǝna dǝn tǝdǝnaye fǝlezǝna CT dǝ shima zauro awi yaye fanjin wo PCR yaye ro, amma nǝm kǝt yen shima ngawo wo yaye, alamawanzǝ fotowabe ngǝwuso duluwuwa nimoniya-a kwasa gadebe-a samun.
As of March 2020, the American College of Radiology recommends that "CT should not be used to screen for or as a first-line test to diagnose COVID-19".As of March 2020, the CDC recommends PCR for initial screening.
Kǝntagǝ Marchbe saa 2020be lan, koleji Amerikabe ilmu radiologybeye shawari cina"CT dǝ wande faidatǝ COVID-19ye sǝkǝrinin sadǝnyi au shi lan kwasa dǝ kulastǝ baditǝnyi “. Kǝntagǝ Marchbe saa 2020 lan, CDCbe PCR lan sǝkǝrinin buro salakye dio ye shawari cina.
Part of the immune response to infection is the production of antibodies including IgM and IgG.
Nasha fal tiyi be kwasa kǝriujin dǝ shima askǝrra tiyibe "antibodies" gulzayin dǝ tando, IgM-a IgG-a kunten.
These can be used to detect infection in individuals starting 7 days or so after the onset of symptoms, to determine immunity, and in population surveillance.Assays can be performed in central laboratories (CLT) or by point-of-care testing (PoCT).
Anyi mowonzǝ faidatǝ kwasa tiyi amma yen asutin suro kau 7 yen ngawo alamawa fǝletǝ badizǝnayen, kuru mowonzǝ faidatǝ duno kwasa gǝrtǝbe tiyi asutin, kuru jumla amma ro shim ikko-a. Jarabtǝ so dǝ lab'a dawube "Central laboratories(CLT)" lan au (point of care testing (PoCT)" lan yaye tǝdin.
The high-throughput automated systems in many clinical laboratories will be able to perform these assays but their availability will depend on the rate of production for each system.
Nzunduwa sandiro "high-throughput automated systems" do njimma jarawa diobe litariwa kadan tuwandin dǝ raksa jarabtǝ anyi sadin, amma nǝm mbejinza dǝ nǝm ngǝwu tandonzaben kara nzundu wo so ro.
For CLT a single specimen of peripheral blood is commonly used, although serial specimens can be used to follow the immune response.
CLT ro maa samfǝr bu ye fallong ngǝwu so ro, amma samfǝrra ngai faidatǝ jawawu duno tiyibe kwasa kǝriutǝbe dǝ wutin.
For PoCT a single specimen of blood is usually obtained by skin puncture.
PoCT ro maa samfǝr bu ye fallong katiyi suktǝ men gotin.
Unlike PCR methods an extraction step is not needed before assay.On March 26, 2020, the FDA named 29 entities that provided notification to the agency as required and are now therefore able to distribute their antibody tests.
PCR yedei gǝnyi katap tulobe mǝradǝtǝna wo kau jarabtǝ dǝ tǝdin ro. Kǝntagǝ Marchbe kaunzǝ 26nna saa 2020, FDAye na'a 29 ye su sǝtana sandi do shiro bayan futu cidaram dǝye mǝradǝzǝna ro sadin kuru kǝmaa dǝ daji raksa tesnza antibody be samzayin.
As of April 7, 2020, only a single test has been approved by the FDA under an emergency use authorization.In late March 2020, Euroimmun Medical Laboratory Diagnostics and Epitope Diagnostics received European approvals for their test kits, which can detect IgG and IgA antibodies against the virus in blood samples.
Kǝntagǝ Aprilbe kaunzǝ 7 saa 2020, jarawa fal dǝ ma FDAbe amari dionzǝye co cidiya "emergency use authorization"yen. Datǝgǝram kǝntagǝ March saa 2020be lan, "Euroimmun Medical Laboratory Diagnostics"-a "Epitope Diagnostics" amari Europe be sowandǝna ngǝrǝwuza jarawa diobe ro, shi doni awo tiyi lan kwasa gǝrjin IgG-a IgA-a ndiso fodujin suro buyen.
The testing capacity is several hundred samples within hours and therefore much faster than the conventional PCR assay of viral RNA.
Raktə ngal diobedə samfər yer kada suro awa gana laayen, kuru adəbe səkkə zauro ngal PCRbe "viral RNA"be noata ma dəga zauro nəm doi la kozəna.
The antibodies are usually detectable 14 days after the onset of the infection.In early April, the UK found none of the antibody test kits it purchased were sufficiently good to use.
Askərra tiyibe kwasa gərzyində ngawo kwasa kamma sətanabe kau 14'a asutin. Badiyaram kəntagə Aprilbe'a, UKye ngərəwuwa "antibody" ngaltabe cuwunadə falma faidatə ro ngəla gənyi.
Hong Kong has set up a scheme where suspected patients can stay home, "emergency department will give a specimen tube to the patient", they spit into it, send it back and get a test result a while after.The British NHS has announced that it is piloting a scheme to test suspected cases at home, which removes the risk of a patient infecting others if they come to a hospital or having to disinfect an ambulance if one is used.In drive-through testing for COVID-19 for suspected cases, a healthcare professional takes sample using appropriate precautions.
Hong Kongye fasal gənazəna am tiyinzan kwasa mbeji ro zantəna də raksa faton napsayin, "fella duwasashibeye kam dondi ro awo bulubulu tufatəgəbe sadin", sandiye tufazaiyya daji zuwazayin kuru ngawo loktu laayen tamoram ngaldəye sowandayin. NHS Britaniyabe ye fasal lamarra təmatəna faton ngaltabe warmazəna, shi doni fujiwo am gadero faltəgəbe litari ro kasha maa sutuluyin ma au moto litaribe sha gozəna də futtə so ro katin. Ngal COVID-19be am tiyinzn mbeji ro təmatənaro na moto lan gawobe lan tədin, na dən goni nəlewa ro cistəgəbeye futu sandəna ro samfər gojin.
Drive-through centers have helped South Korea do some of the fastest, most-extensive testing of any country.In Germany, the National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians said on 2 March, that it had a capacity for about 12,000 tests per day in the ambulatory setting and 10.700 had been tested in the prior week.
Na'a moto lan kotabe so də South Korea'a banazə ngal dunya samma son shiro duwa wo ye, kuru ngəwu ro tədəna wo baye sədəna. Germany lan "the National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians"be kəntagə Marchbe kaunzə 2 lan wono raktənzə ngal 12,000 diobe mbeji suro mota litaribe lan kuru magə kozəna dən am 10,700 ngaltəna wono.
Costs are borne by the health insurance when the test is ordered by a physician.
Taman də kəla inshora nəlewabe lan kara sa ngal də liyita tədə gulzə maa.
According to the president of the Robert Koch Institute, Germany has an overall capacity for 160,000 tests per week.
Gultə kura cidaram "Robert Koch Institute"be lan, Germany raktənzə ngal 160,000 magə wo son diobe mbeji wono.
As of 19 March drive in tests were offered in several large cities.
Kəntagə Marchbe kaunzə 19 lan, ngal na moto lan gawobe də bərniya kura kura kada lan tədin.
As of 26 March 2020 the total number of tests performed in Germany was unknown, because only positive results are reported.
Kəntagə Marchbe kaunzə 26 saa 2020 lan, adadu ngalla Germany lan tədinye də notənyi, dalilnzədə tamoramma kwasa də mbeji fəlezəna bas rifotnza taadin.
A first lab survey revealed that as of calendar week 12/2020 a total of at least 483,295 samples were tested up to and including week 12/2020 and 33,491 samples (6.9%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.In Israel, researchers at Technion and Rambam Hospital developed and tested a method for testing samples from 64 patients simultaneously, by pooling the samples and only testing further if the combined sample is found to be positive.In Wuhan a makeshift 2000-sq-meter emergency detection laboratory named "Huo-Yan" (Chinese: 火眼, or "Fire Eye" in English) was opened on 5 February 2020 by BGI, which can process over 10,000 samples a day.
Sofiyo lab burobeye magə kən 12 mi kelenda saa 2020be fəlezəna gananzə yaye samfər 483,295 yedei ngalzna suro magə kən 12 kuru kau də ro-a kuru samfərra 33,491 (6.9%) SARS-CoV-2 tiyinzan mbeji.Israel lan, kulashiwu litari "Technion and Rambam Hospital" be lan duluwu samfərra am dondi 64 satandə kuru jarabsana loktu fallan, samfərra də na fallo samnəm kuru ngal də gotə kotin sa samfərra kəllata də aa'a kuli kwasabe mbeji fəlejiya do.Wuhan lan na ngal diobe "2000-sq-meter emergency detection laboratory" sunzə "Huo-Yan" (Chinese: 火眼, au "Shim Konnube" Nasara lan) kəntagə February kaunzə 5 saa 2020 lan furumgatə , BGI doni wajiya wo son samfərra 10,000 cidajin də sha furumzə.
With the construction overseen by BGI-founder Wang Jian and taking 5-days, modelling has show cases in Hubei would have been 47% higher and the corresponding cost of the tackling the quarantine would have doubled if this testing capacity hadn't come on line.
Tando də koktəma BGIye Wang Jianbe kəla də wujinna ro kuru kau 5 gojinna ro, tandoye fəlezəna lamarra Hubei lan ci 47% lan ca ngəwujin kuru kunguna amma tilonza ro kortəbe də ca kawakcin raktə ngal diobe adə ca zawal ro gaanyi maa.
The Wuhan Laboratory has been promptly followed by Huo-Yan labs in Shenzhen, Tianjin, Beijing, and Shanghai, in a total of 12 cities across China.
Na ngalbe Wuhanbe də'a "Huo-yan labs'' Shenzen-a, Tianjin-a, Beijing-a, kuru Shanghai-abe dəye tini jiya, suro bərniya 12 ben dərinəm kəlle Chinaben.
By 4 March 2020 the daily throughput totals were 50,000 tests per day.Open source, multiplexed designs released by Origami Assays have been released that can test as many as 1122 patient samples for COVID19 using only 93 assays . These balanced designs can be run in small laboratories without the need for robotic liquid handlers.
Kəntagə Marchbe jaunzə 4 saa 2020be lan, adadu wajiya wo son gənatəna də shima ngal 50,000. Awo shiro "Open source, multiplexed designs" sayin do "Origami Assays"ye sutuluwuna də tutuluwuna kuru raksə samfərra am dondi 1122 yedei ngaljin COVID-19 ro ngal 93 faidatə men. Tandowa "balanced dəsigns" anyi mowonzə njimma ngal diobe sənana lan faidatin "robotic liquid handlers" məradətə ba ro.
By March, shortages and insufficient amounts of reagent has become a bottleneck for mass testing in the EU and UK and the US.
Kəntagə Marchbe lan, ganatə "reagent"be-a mbautənzə-aye səkkə EU-a UK-a, US-a lan ngal ngəwu dio zauro kazəyi'a ro walzəna.
This has led some authors to explore sample preparation protocols that involve heating samples at 98 °C (208 °F) for 5 minutes to release RNA genomes for further testing.On 31 March it was announced United Arab Emirates was now testing more of its population for Coronavirus per head than any other country, and was on track to scale up the level of testing to reach the bulk of the population.
Adəye səkkə ləbtəwu laa sobe ka'idawa samfər dawartabe gade so wu'ada sandi do samfər də'a daraja kaudobe 98 °C (208 °F) lan minti 5 detə men "RNA genomes" də tulo nankaro ngal waltəm dio ro. Kəntagə Marchbe kaunzə 31nna, United Arab Emirates də jumla amnzəbe ngəwu ro ngal coronavirusye kəla wo so ro dio lan lardəwi so'a kozəna, kuru daraja ngal diobe yiram nəm ngəwu jumla ambe sətin ro dio də zauro kalkal sədəna.
This was through a combination of drive-through capability, and purchasing a population-scale mass-throughput laboratory from Group 42 and BGI (based on their "Huo-Yan" emergency detection laboratories in China).
Adəgai də mowongono raktə na moto lan gawobe men ngal dio-a, kuru na Group 42- a BGI-aye lan na ngal diobe do jumla amma kup ro raksə sədin ma "population-scale mass-throughput laboratory" yio men (nanza ngal diobe "Huo-Yan" emergency detection laboratories"Chinabe də ro wutəgə men).
Constructed in 14 days, the lab is capable of conducting tens of thousands RT-PCR tests per day and is the first in the world of this scale to be operational outside of China.
Na ngal diobe suro kawu 14 yen tənandəna adə raksə ngal RT-PCR duwu kada wajiya wo son sədin kuru dunya lan shima nəm kuranzə advgai sətəna kuru cidajinye diya'a Chinabe lan.
Different testing recipes targeting different parts of the coronavirus genetic profile were developed in China, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Japan, and the United States.
Diwalla ngal diobe kala gade gade do nasha'a "genetic profile" coronavirusye gade gade nganzajin ma tənandəna lardəwa China, Frane, Germany, Hong Kong, Japan, kuru United States-aye lan.
The World Health Organization adopted the German recipe for manufacturing kits sent to low-income countries without the resources to develop their own.
Karapka Nəlewa Dunyabeye diwal ngal diobe Germanybe də ro dajio ngərəwu awo ngal diobe lardəwa duno gana-a raksa kəlanzabe satadimba ro tando nanka ro.
The German recipe was published on 17 January 2020; the protocol developed by the United States Centers for Disease Control was not available until 28 January, delaying available tests in the U.S.China and the United States had problems with the reliability of test kits early in the outbreak, and these countries and Australia were unable to supply enough kits to satisfy demand and recommendations for testing by health experts.
Diwal ngal diobe Germanybe də kəntagə Januarybe kaunzə 17 saa 2020; ka'ida do "the United States Centers for Disease Control" sətandəna dəba wo hatta sai kəntagə Januarybe kaunzə 28nna do, ngalla dio suro USbe lan waharzəyin, lardə United Statesbe də kazəyinzə nəm ngəla ngərəwu ngal diobe dən mbeji badiyaram fəlangno diye lan, kuru lardəwa anyi-a Australiabe raksa ngərəwu sətəna gəmzaanyi məradə amma-a awo goniwa nəlewabe gulzana-a galzanyi.
In contrast, experts say South Korea's broad availability of testing helped reduce the spread of the novel coronavirus.
Adə ro hallaftə lan, goniwa ye wada nəm mbeji ngal diobe zauro furumgata South koreabe də shima banazə tartəgə coronavirus bəlin adəbe dapsə.
Testing capacity, largely in private sector labs, was built up over several years by the South Korean government.
Raktə ngal diobe, nasha lab naptə kəlanzabe so də, suro saa kadayen gomnati South Koreabe ye garrano.
On 16 March, the World Health Organization called for ramping up the testing programmes as the best way to slow the advance of COVID-19 pandemic.High demand for testing due to wide spread of the virus caused backlogs of hundreds of thousands of tests at private U.S. labs, and supplies of swabs and chemical reagents became strained.
Kəntagə Marchbe kaunzə 16, Karapka Nəlewabe Dunyabe ye faraskəramma ngal diobe so də faraktəgə ro bowozəna, ngai dio də shima zawal wawa COVID-19be letə fulutəbe ngalwo wono. Məradəwa ngal diobe ngəwu dalil tartəgə kuli kwasabe dəye səkkə ngal duwu yer kada lab'a naptə kəlanzabe lan dio ngawo ro kalaksəna, kuru fando swab so reagent sobe ye isə zauzəna.
In March 2020 China reported problems with accuracy in their test kits.
Kəntagə Marchbe saa 2020 lan Chinaye kazəyi nəm kalkaltə baaye awowanza ngal diobe lan ngadarzana.
In the United States, the test kits developed by the CDC had "flaws;" the government then removed the bureaucratic barriers that had prevented private testing.Spain purchased test kits from Chinese firm Shenzhen Bioeasy Biotechnology Co Ltd, but found that results were inaccurate.
Lardə United Statesbe lan, ngərəwuwa ngal diobe CDCye sətandəna də tiyinzan "ayauwa", daji gomnatiye kalangaiyya do ngal dio ngəmbe dapsəna də citulo. Spainye na kamfani Chinabe shiro "Shenzen Bioeasy Biotechnology Co Ltd" yen awo ngal diobe kaiyo, amma tamoramwa kalkal gənyi cin ro cowanda.
The firm explained that the incorrect results may be a result of a failure to collect samples or use the kits correctly.
Kamfani dəye bayan cina nəm kalkaltə baa tamoramwabe də dalil kalkal ro samfərwa gotabe au kalkallo awo ngal diobe faidatə baa.
The Spanish ministry said it will withdraw the kits that returned incorrect results, and would replace them with a different testing kit provided by Shenzhen Bioeasy.80% of test kits the Czech Republic purchased from China gave wrong results.Slovakia purchased 1.2 million test kits from China which were found to be inaccurate.
Cidaram Spainbe dəye wono awo ngal diobe tamoram kalkal gənyi sadin də gərjin, kuru sandiya awo ngal diobe gade "Shenzen Bioeasy"be cin lan faljin. Awo ngal diobe Czech Republicye na Chinayen ciwuna ci 80% samma tamoram kalkal gənyi sadin. Lardə Slovakiabe na Chinayen awo ngal diobe sandi miliyon 1.2 samma kalkal gənyi.
Prime Minister Matovič suggested these be dumped into the Danube.Ateş Kara of the Turkish Health Ministry said the test kits Turkey purchased from China had a "high error rate" and did not "put them into use."The UK purchased 3.5 million test kits from China but in early April 2020 announced these were not usable.
Minista kura Matovič ye shawari Danube ro fitəgəbe ceno. Ateş Kara do cidaram nəlewa Turkiyabe dəye wono awowa ngal diobe na Chinayen cesuna də "nəm kalkal baanzə ngəwu" kuru "sandiya faidatanyi". UKye awo ngal diobe sandi miliyon 3.5 na Chinayen ciwuna amma badiyaram kəntagə Aprilbe saa 2020yen faidazayimba sə warmazəna.
Testing, followed with quarantine of those who tested positive and tracing of those with whom the SARS-CoV-2 positive people had had contact, resulted in positive outcomes.
Ngal dio də, ngawonzə am ngalnza kuli kwasabe mbeji fəlezəna'a ruwunza kornəm tulo zəga kuru am do am SARS-CoV-2'a anyi'a letaana baratədə, tamoramwa ngəla cina.
Researchers working in the Italian town of Vò, the site of the first COVID-19 death in Italy, conducted two rounds of testing on the entire population of about 3,400 people, about ten days apart.
Kulashiwu bəla Vò Italybe lan cidazayin də, na do kərmu COVID-19'a leyata buro salakye Italy lan wakazəna də, ngal indiro cedo suro jumla am 3,400be lan, ndi katenzan kau meu yedei.
About half the people testing positive had no symptoms, and all discovered cases were quarantined.
Am do ngalzaye tiyinzan kuli kwasabe də mbeji fəlezəna dəye retanza yedei alama kwasa dəye fəlezanyi, kuru lamarra fodutəna samma so ruwunza ro sandiya kortəna.
With travel to the commune restricted, this eliminated new infections completely.
Ngawar shima də ro bəlaguro dapkata ye səkkə kwasaye kamma kənta bəlin cintəna.
With aggressive contact tracing, inbound travel restrictions, testing, and quarantining, the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Singapore has proceeded much more slowly than in other developed countries, but without extreme restrictions like forced closure of restaurants and retail establishments.
Am kam dondi-a mu'amala sadəna matə duno'a-a, bəlaguro daptə-a, ngal dio-a, kuru amma ruwunza ro kornəm tulo-a səkkə, wawa coronavirusye saa 2020ye də Singapore lan zauro hangallan leyono lardəwa fuwuzana ro wungəmmiya, amma kuru daptəwa na'a kozəna jili duno lan fatowa bəri buwobe so-a shagowa karewa məradətəna yiobe so zaktə dawun ba.
Many events have been cancelled, and Singapore did start advising residents to stay at home on 28 March, but schools reopened on time after holiday break on 23 March.
Kəlelewa au samnowa kada cintəna, kuru singaporeye am so'a faton napsa ro kəntagə Marchbe kaunzə 28nna galatə badiyono, amma maarantawa kəla loktuyen walta ka'ada ngawo batallayen kau 23 kəntagə Marchbe lan.
Several other countries have also managed the pandemic with aggressive contact tracing, inbound travel restrictions, testing, and quarantining, but with less aggressive lock-downs, such as Iceland and South Korea.
Lardəwa gade kada wawa də ro gangami gozaana am kam dondi-a letaana matə men-a, bəlaguro daptə-a, ngal dio-a, kuru am dondi ruwunza ro kortə-a, amma bəla zaktə zau jili Iceland-a South Korea-abe də ba ro.
A statistical study has found that countries that have tested more, relative to the number of deaths, have much lower case fatality rates, probably because these countries are better able to detect those with only mild or no symptoms.
Kəra sombe laaye suwandəna lardvwa do ngal ngəwu sadəna, adadu am bazana be ro wungəmmiya, nvm ngəwu kvrmube lardə dvye də zauro gana, dalil də waniye lardəwa sandima də am alama kwasa dəbe gana-a au təmma ro alama ba-a ma asutə lan am gade'a kozana.
WHO recommends that countries that do not have testing capacity and national laboratories with limited experience on COVID-19 send their first five positives and the first ten negative COVID-19 samples to one of the 16 WHO reference laboratories for confirmatory testing.
WHOye lardəwa do raktənza ngal diobe ba kuru notənza kəla COVID-19ben zauro gana-a shawari cina ngal samfər COVID-19be 5 burobe sadə "positive" fəlezəna-a kuru sandi 10 burobe "negative" fəlezəna-a də lab au na ngal diobe WHOye sandi 16 dən falnza ro zuwaza ngal tawattəgəye dio nankaro.
Out of the 16 reference laboratories, 7 are in Asia, 5 in Europe, 2 in Africa, 1 in North America and 1 in Australia.
Suro lab'a am zutəgəbe 16 dən, sandi 7 də Asia lan, sandi 5 Europe lan, 2 Africa lan, 1 North America lan, kuru 1 Australia lan.
In the following chart, the column “Positive as % of tests” is influenced by the country's testing policy.
Bayan zəgayin allan, lai "Positive as % tests" də ka'idawa ngal diobe lardə dəye sha lejin.
A country that only tests people admitted to hospitals will have a higher positive as % of tests than a country that tests all citizens, whether or not they are showing symptoms, other things being equal.
Lardə do am litari lan rozana bas ro ngal sədin də "kuli kwasabe mbeji adadu ngal tədənabe ro wutəgəmen" ngəwu ro waljin lardə do amnzə samma so ro ngal sədinna gərenəmiya, alamawa fəlezana-a fəlezanyi-a son, awowa gade kalkal lan.
Hand washing (or handwashing), also known as hand hygiene, is the act of cleaning one's hands for the purpose of removing soil, grease, microorganisms, or other unwanted substances.
Mukko tulta, shi doni nəm ngəla mukkobe lan kuru notəna də, shima kəndo mukko tultabe dalil katti, kəndau, kuliwa sənana shimbe surimba, au awowa gade waata tulo nankaro.
Hand washing with soap consistently at certain "critical moments" during the day prevents the spread of many diseases, for example diarrhoea and cholera, which are transmitted through fecal–oral route.
Shawullan sambi so ro mukko tulta loktuwa "zauro muhimmi" lan suro dubdoye də tartəgə kwasawa kadaye sətkayin, misal ro shidada-a fitə-a yertə-a, sandi do diwal bəli ciro gawo men kamma satayin də.
People can also become infected with respiratory diseases such as influenza or the common cold, for example, if they do not wash their hands before touching their eyes, nose, or mouth (i.e., mucous membranes).
Kam soye mowonzə kuru kwasa nasha yintəbe jili infuluyenza yedei au tantanyi noata yedei sandiga sətayin, misal ro, mukkonza kau shimnza so, kənzanza so, cinza so lezayin ro tulzanyi maa
The five critical moments during the day where washing hands with soap is important include: before and after defecation, after cleaning a child's bottom or changing nappies, before feeding a child, before eating and before and after preparing food or handling raw meat, fish, or poultry.
tartiffa sandi uwu zauro faida loktǝ au sǝro kawu falbelan mǝradǝtǝnadǝ shima musko a njiga shawullan tultǝwo: kawu au ngawo kambe ngawudin sǝluwunalan sǝdin, ngawo dǝbur tadabe tultǝnaben au wando nzǝ falatǝnaben yayi, kawu tadaro kǝmbu tinro, kawu kǝmbuworo au fal kǝmbube kǝndolan, au da kǝri , buni au kuyisoye cida kǝndon.
If water and soap are not available, hands can be cleaned with ash.The World Health Organization recommends washing hands:
njia shawulladǝ baro wallonoga nyi buwun faidatǝmin nasha nǝmkaliwo/ nǝmgela muskobega tawattǝn. Huwuma Majalis nalewabe Dunyabe ye musko a tultǝdǝ sǝro ferno tartifdǝbero nzǝko dǝga kasadsǝna:
Before, during, and after preparing food.
kawu, loktu din, kuru ngawo dawari kǝmbu be tǝdina din.
Before and after caring for a sick person.
kawu kuru ngawo kam dondiro jistǝna ben.
After changing the diapers or cleaning up a child who has used the toilet.
Ngawo napkin tadabe fallǝmalan au tada buli yerzǝnaga tullǝm kadawu baro kǝndo.
After blowing your nose, coughing or sneezing.
Ngawo kǝnzaga tinnǝmaben, kasawu za'am au wadisika yikkǝmaben.
After touching animal, animal feed, or animal waste.
Ngawo dabba lenǝmalan yayi, kǝmbu Dabbabe leyam yayi au kundulo leyayi.
Medical hand hygiene refers to hygiene practices related to medical procedures.
karewa nǝmgǝlabe litabedǝ sandima karewa litasoye nasha nǝgǝlabero dawarza satǝlunama.
Hand washing before administering medicine or medical care can prevent or minimize the spread of disease.
muskonǝmma tulle kawu kurun lenǝmi au gotǝlan yayi kuru nyiye tartiffa nalewabe nya gotǝdǝ kasuwa tartǝga kaljiyin au fuljin.
The main medical purpose of washing hands is to cleanse the hands of pathogens (bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms that can cause disease) and chemicals which can cause harm or diseases.
mǝradǝ kambo donyi musko a tultǝbedǝ shima nǝmkaliwo muskobe tawattǝ (kulia kasuwa saudinma) kuru kurunna Adam Ganaro zau gǝnazǝyin au kasuwa fǝrakjiyiso.
This is especially important for people who handle food or work in the medical field, but also an important practice for the general public.
Hasatan shiadǝ zaumaro faida jama'a lamarrra kǝmbuye kalak-kalaksainsoro au cidawu nasha litabegasoro, kuruson jama'a mewu asoro faida.
Hand washing has many health benefits, including minimizing the spread of influenza, coronavirus, and other infectious diseases; preventing infectious causes of diarrhea; decreasing respiratory infections;
Musko tultǝdǝ riwanzǝ kada nasha nalewaben, suronzǝn kasuwa tartǝga fulujin au kalzǝyi, koronavirus a kasuwa gadegafsǝnaso; shi dada kaltǝso; duno kasuwa fufubega fulujin;
and reducing infant mortality rate at home birth deliveries.
kuru tajirwa kǝnzambiye sǝro fatoyen fulujin.
A 2013 study showed that improved hand washing practices may lead to small improvements in the length growth in children under five years of age.
kulashi sa'a 2013 beye futǝ fǝlezǝnadǝn musko tultǝ tiwal au tada gana sa'a uwun furtǝnna banazǝ wurwzǝyin.
In developing countries, childhood mortality rates related to respiratory and diarrheal diseases can be reduced by introducing simple behavioral changes, such as hand washing with soap.
Lardǝga citǝ sadin din, kǝrmu Nduli sǝnanabe dǝga dalil kasuwa fufubega shidadalan kara adǝga fulutǝdǝ fasal kǝske halla faltǝben kara, alamanna Musko a shawullan tultǝben.
This simple action can reduce the rate of mortality from these diseases by almost 50%.
kataf kambai adǝga gotǝlan kǝrmu dalil kasuwa adǝbega sana fiwula fulujin (50%).
Interventions that promote hand washing can reduce diarrhoea episodes by about a third, and this is comparable to providing clean water in low income areas.
kataf musko tultabe adǝga gotǝ banazǝ kasuwa shidadabega ta'adir sana yakkǝ yeyin fulujin, kuru adǝga nyiye rangnǝm na am duno ganaro nji ngalau matǝlan.
48% of reductions in diarrhoea episodes can be associated with hand washing with soap.Hand washing with soap is the single most effective and inexpensive way to prevent diarrhea and acute respiratory infections (ARI), as automatic behavior performed in homes, schools, and communities worldwide.
fulu sana 48% kasuwa shidadabega kafsǝnazǝga tǝwandodǝ musko a shawullan tultǝlan. musko a shawullan tultadǝ shima diwal taku-takuyewo shima diwal kǝskewo shidadaso kasuwa fufubesoga kaltǝbewo, hal adǝga sǝro fandeyeso, Marantande a Dunya sammaso alan kǝndon.
Pneumonia, a major ARI, is the number one cause of mortality among children under five years old, taking the lives of an estimated 1.8 million children per year.
Kasuwa nimoniyabedǝ shiye kasuwaga kura-kura nduli sǝnana loruzaindǝbe falza, ta'adir alamanna nduli sǝnana sa'a uwun furtǝ miliyen fal kongoli wusku ayeyi sǝro sa'aben lorujin
Diarrhea and pneumonia together account for almost 3.5 million child deaths annually.
kasuwa shidadabega nimoniyadǝ ta'adir nduli miliyen yakkǝ kongoli uwuwa yeyi sa'awoson loruzain
According to UNICEF, turning hand washing with soap before eating and after using the toilet into an ingrained habit can save more lives than any single vaccine or medical intervention, cutting deaths from diarrhea by almost half and deaths from acute respiratory infections by one-quarter.
futǝ huwuma UNICEF be gulzǝnadǝn shi musko a shawullan tultadǝ kawu bǝri kǝnbuye din kuru ngawo ngawudin tǝlunaben hallo gotadǝ shiye ro kaddaaa faijin kǝla kurunyi yayin au bana litabe jilifi yayin, kǝrmu shidada nankaro retaayi ya fulujin kuru kǝrmu kwasa zawal yintǝbea lazǝnadǝa kashi fal suro yakkǝbea fulujin.
Hand washing is usually integrated together with other sanitation interventions as part of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) programmes.
Kambosoro musko tultǝdǝ kataffa nǝmkaliwobe gadega kǝllata kuru dalami nzǝlifo nji ngalaube, fǝrano a nǝmngalauwadǝ fasal huwuma (WASH)be.
Hand washing also protects against impetigo which is transmitted through direct physical contact.
Musko tultadǝ kamma kasuwa da'ataro kamro faltǝyinma dalil kǝlakǝltayema dǝga.
A small detrimental effect of hand washing is that frequent hand washing can lead to skin damage due to drying of the skin.
Alamaram gana musko a tultǝbedǝ shima kǝla-kǝlan kǝndodǝ kadiyi tiyibe bannajin nasha kadiyi hartǝben.
A 2012 Danish study found that excessive hand washing can lead to an itchy, flaky skin condition known as hand eczema or hand dermatitis, which is especially common among health-care workers.
Kulashi lardǝ Danish ben sa'a 2012 sadǝnadǝn tawatsana kǝla-kǝla musko a tultǝdǝ kalilim sǝwudinsa, hal kadiyi tiyibe sha flaky skin lan notǝna ra shiro eczema au dermatitislan notǝnadǝ sǝro cidawu nalewabe kǝske.
Too frequent hand washing is also seen as one of the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
kǝlakǝlan musko a tultǝdǝbe fǝlezǝna hangalla kǝrǝngro sǝdi au mbautǝ hangalbe suwudin.
There are five critical times during the day where washing hands with soap is important to reduce fecal-oral transmission of disease: after using the bathroom (urination, defecation), after cleaning a child's bottom (changing nappies), before feeding a child, before eating and before/after preparing food or handling raw meat, fish, or poultry.
Loktǝ a uwu mbeji musko a shawullan tultǝdǝ zauro faidaga kasuwa cilan kamro faltǝyin dǝga fulutǝlan: ngawo kasalarammin faidatǝmalan (ngwo collobega, bulibegason) ngawo tadabe dǝmburra tultǝnagason (nafkin faltǝga), kawu tadaro kǝmbuon. tinna, kawu kǝmbu badiniminna au kawu buri detǝ baditinna ngawonzǝgason au nama/da, buni au kuyiso saftǝgaas
Other occasions when correct handwashing technique should be practiced in order to prevent the transmission of disease include before and after treating a cut or wound; after sneezing, coughing, or blowing your nose; after touching animal waste or handling animals; and after touching garbage.
Diwalla gade ngalau mundǝ musko tultabe tǝdǝ kasuwaso a kaltǝyinne sǝrodǝn mbeji kawu au ngawo kurunna tunu au na jana au awolabe kazanaro kǝndoga; watiska, kasauzata au nzasara au kǝnza tintǝ; ngawo kundulo fe yeso lenǝmalan au ngubtola letǝlan.
In many countries, there is a low rate of hand washing with soap.
Lardǝga gadan, fasal musko a shawullan tultǝbedǝ zauro gana.
A study of hand washing in 54 countries in 2015 found that on average, 38.7% of households practiced hand washing with soap.A 2014 study showed that Saudi Arabia had the highest rate of 97 percent; the United States near the middle with 77 percent; and China with the lowest rate of 23 percent.Several behaviour change methodologies now exist to increase uptake of the behaviour of hand washing with soap at the critical times.Group hand washing for school children at set times of the day is one option in developing countries to engrain hand washing in children's behaviors.
kulashi musko shawullan tultǝbedǝga lardǝga 54 lan sa'a 2015 lan tǝdǝnadǝbe fulezǝna fatori sana 38.7% adgai dǝga sadin. kulashi sa'a 2014 dǝbe futǝ flezǝnadǝ lardǝ Saudiyabedǝ kaso ngǝwuwawo san 97% sǝta; lardǝ United State bedǝ sana 77%; Lardǝ Chainabe sana 23% sǝta. kataffa kada hal adǝga faltǝbe kǝmadǝro gotǝna loktǝg sandǝna musko a shawullan tultǝbe adǝn. kufuro musko a nduli Maranta bega loktǝlan tultǝro adǝ shiye nnamgam fal lardǝga fuwuzanabe gozana hal musko tultǝbega nduliro yikǝliworo.
The "Essential Health Care Program" implemented by the Department of Education in the Philippines is an example of at scale action to promote children's health and education.
"fasal nalewabe ngalau" Dalami Ilmube lardǝ Philippines be furdǝro sǝkǝnama kuru shima misal donyi lamarra nalewabe ndulibe dǝga Ilmuben kambatawo.
Deworming twice a year, supplemented with washing hands daily with soap, brushing teeth daily with fluoride, is at the core of this national program.
Kurun kuri sǝrobega sa'an indiro kǝnzadǝ banaga wajawoson musko a shawullan tultǝdǝro kǝndo, sheliga ciwu u bǝrosh lan cintǝga, adǝ shiye fasalla lardbe mbudǝn kara.
It has also been successfully implemented in Indonesia.
kǝnasar adǝga tawattǝbedǝ lardǝ Indunoshiya ben tǝwandǝn.
Removal of microorganisms from skin is enhanced by the addition of soaps or detergents to water.
Kuriya kasuwabe sǝnana dǝga tiyilan tǝluwodǝ bana shawulla, omo a Njiyaben gattǝyin.
The main action of soaps and detergents is to reduce barriers to solution, and increase solubility.
Kataf kura au kundo kura donyi shawulla Omo a bedǝ nǝmgadero sulhu matawo, kuruson nzǝra'a.
Water alone is an inefficient skin cleanser because fats and proteins, which are components of organic soil, are not readily dissolved in water.
Nji tilonzǝbe katdiyiya raksǝ kadau baro sǝdinba kaisǝga ndǝnega mǝradǝtǝnadǝ shilan ba, sandima ya'ana kulga sǝro cidibe madǝwo, sandi adǝ raksǝ njibe nyejinba.
Cleansing is, however, aided by a reasonable flow of water..
kadauba ro diwo dǝ, jiliyn yayi, bana nji nguwben tǝwandin...
Solid soap, because of its reusable nature, may hold bacteria acquired from previous uses.
Kau shwulledǝ waniye sha waltǝm faidatǝdǝ kuli kasuwabe shilan tǝwandin dalil shilan faidatǝ mburobedǝye sǝkǝ.
A small number of studies which have looked at the bacterial transfer from contaminated solid soap have concluded transfer is unlikely as the bacteria are rinsed off with the foam.
kulashiya labe futǝ fǝlezǝnadǝn kuli kasuwabe kam fallan cizǝ kam fallo kojindǝ donkur shawullbe goji nasha musko kǝmustǝbelan.
The CDC still states "liquid soap with hands-free controls for dispensing is preferable".
Huwuma CDC waltǝ nanazǝna "shawul Njiben faidatǝdǝ shima afdaluwo".
Antibacterial soaps have been heavily promoted to a health-conscious public.
Shawull donyi kuli kasuwabe soga galzǝyindǝ taidazǝ lamarra naewa jamabega kambazǝyin.
To date, there is no evidence that using recommended antiseptics or disinfectants selects for antibiotic-resistant organisms in nature.
Hatta kuro, suwudǝnalama shaida awo shilan faidatro hazana kuli kasuwabeso kauwaso a kaltǝyeladǝn ayuwu twandǝyi.
However, antibacterial soaps contain common antibacterial agents such as triclosan, which has an extensive list of resistant strains of organisms.
Ndasoson yayi, shwull kuli kasywabe kaltǝbedǝ sǝro nzǝn awo kuli dǝga gǝrnezǝyin shiro triclosantindǝ kawai da, kuru adadu awo raktǝga kulidǝro kǝmartǝbe mbeji.
So, even if antibiotic resistant strains aren't selected for by antibacterial soaps, they might not be as effective as they are marketed to be.
wa niye, kurun antibiotic bedǝ raktǝ kasuwso a kalzǝyin amma sha shawull kuliya kasuwabe kltǝbero gozanyi, waniye futǝ kasuwu mǝradǝzanadǝro faidajinba.
Besides the surfactant and skin-protecting agent, the sophisticated formulations may contain acids (acetic acid, ascorbic acid, lactic acid) as pH regulator, antimicrobially active benzoic acid and further skin conditioners (aloe vera, vitamins, menthol, plant extracts).A comprehensive analysis from the University of Oregon School of Public Health indicated that plain soaps are as effective as consumer-grade anti-bacterial soaps containing triclosan in preventing illness and removing bacteria from the hands.
Sǝro awo kadiyi a kalzainyedǝn ayi sandima banazain (acetic acid, ascorbic acid, lactic acid) kuruson (aloe vera, vitamins, menthol, plant extracts). Jamiya Oregon Sangaya kǝra lamarra Nalewa jamabe nazaru kǝla shawul ngai a shawul kuli kasuwabe dǝ shawul gaidǝ shima kalambo jamabero faidajin wo shi tudǝmadǝ nasha kuli kasuwabe kaltǝga kuru kasuwa muskobega tǝluwo bas.
Hot water that is comfortable for washing hands is not hot enough to kill bacteria.
Nji konnu azauro musko tultaro faida amma raksǝ kasuwa jejinba ayi sǝkǝ
Bacteria grow much faster at body temperature (37 °C).
kasuwa bakteriyabe dǝ kawudo tiyibe (37 °C) taidazǝ fafajin.
However, warm, soapy water is more effective than cold, soapy water at removing natural oils which hold soils and bacteria.
Dasoson yayi, shawulla nji zǝmzǝmlan faidatǝdǝ faidan nji amusuwa kozǝna, njiya shawulladǝ kǝndau-kǝndauso kadauso taidazǝ tiylan sǝtǝluwin.
Contrary to popular belief however, scientific studies have shown that using warm water has no effect on reducing the microbial load on hands.
Dason yaye futǝ kasatta jamiyega kulashi kimiya bega gadezǝna nash nji konnuwan faidatǝdǝ raksǝ kadauwa muskon fulujin bayen.
A hand sanitizer or hand antiseptic is a non-water-based hand hygiene agent.
Awo musko a kadau baro sǝdinma sha hand sanitizer au antispectic lan notǝnamadǝ nji muskobe gǝyi illa kattaf nǝmkadaubabe,
In the late 1990s and early part of the 21st century, alcohol rub non-water-based hand hygiene agents (also known as alcohol-based hand rubs, antiseptic hand rubs, or hand sanitizers) began to gain popularity.
Dareram sa'a 1990 a badiyaram karnu kǝn 21 sanadari kǝndau musko a kaliworu kǝndobedǝ nji fal gǝnyi (awo shiro alcoholsaindǝbe mbeji kuru gafsǝnanzǝga).
Most are based on isopropyl alcohol or ethanol formulated together with a thickening agent such as Carbomer (polymer of acrylic acid) into a gel, or a humectant such as glycerin into a liquid, or foam for ease of use and to decrease the drying effect of the alcohol.
Kambo karewa sha sadinladǝn kǝndau alkaholbedǝye mbeji kuru ethnolla kǝlzayiya daji tǝwurjin alan (polymer acrylic acid) daji kǝndau gelbe au glycerin kǝlzaiya njirowaljin, daji awo lakaholbe dǝga harzǝyin.
Adding diluted hydrogen-peroxide increases further the antimicrobial activity.Hand sanitizers containing a minimum of 60 to 95% alcohol are efficient germ killers.
Hydrogen-proxide da nzǝradǝbe banazǝ cida antimicrobial ledǝga sǝrain. awo musko a kaliworo sǝdindǝ sǝrozǝlan gana zǝyayi sana 60 gozǝ 95% kandau kadau muskobega jejinma.
Alcohol rub sanitizers kill bacteria, multi-drug resistant bacteria (MRSA and VRE), tuberculosis, and some viruses (including HIV, herpes, RSV, rhinovirus, vaccinia, influenza, and hepatitis) and fungi.
Kǝndau musko kǝmustǝbedǝ kadau muskobega jejin, kurunna kadan faidatǝna nasha kasuwa a kanjibeso, gafsǝnanzǝga (alamanna; kanajubeso, haifatatissa gafsǝnanzǝga).
Alcohol rub sanitizers containing 70% alcohol kill 99.97% (3.5 log reduction, similar to 35 decibel reduction) of the bacteria on hands 30 seconds after application and 99.99% to 99.999% (4 to 5 log reduction) of the bacteria on hands 1 minute after application.Hand sanitizers are most effective against bacteria and less effective against some viruses.
Kǝndau musko a kǝmustǝbedǝ sana 70% alkaho donyi kadau a sana 99.97% kasuwabega jejin (sana 3.5 yeyi fulujin samung 35 be) sǝro seconds 30 kadau muskobega baro sǝdin ngawo minti sha faidatǝmaben kadau a kuliya gade gafsǝnaso kǝskero tiyi muskoben waljin. kuru gawo dǝlan 99.99% ro sadǝna 99.999% (4 sadǝna namtǝ 5 yayi ro kuru kwasa dǝbe duno suwandin) kuru laa dǝbe akaima sǝtin bawo.
Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are almost entirely ineffective against norovirus (or Norwalk) type viruses, the most common cause of contagious gastroenteritis.Enough hand antiseptic or alcohol rub must be used to thoroughly wet or cover both hands.
Kǝndau musko kadu baro sǝdindǝ awo kasuwa suwudin samma gǝrzǝ baro sǝdin. sronzǝn kamil awo kadau a kuli kasuwabe gǝrzǝ baro musko indiso a zakjin.
The front and back of both hands and between and the ends of all fingers are rubbed for approximately 30 seconds until the liquid, foam or gel is dry.
Sǝro a gawo muskobe a lamkate a dareram ngulondo a framiyega samma kǝnadudǝn kǝmustǝlan ita harzǝyi sǝri seconds 30 ben.
Finger tips must be washed well too, rubbing them in both palms.The US Center for Disease Control and Prevention recommends hand washing over hand sanitizer rubs, particularly when hands are visibly dirty.
Ngulondo dǝa ngǝlaro tultǝ, kuru musko ndisowa kǝmustǝ. Huwuma kasuwa kaltǝbe lardǝ US CDC be kasatsǝna musko a tultǝdǝ shi sanitizalan faidatǝwa kozǝna, hasatan loktǝ musko kadauwaro turindin walzǝnaladǝn.
The increasing use of these agents is based on their ease of use and rapid killing activity against micro-organisms; however, they should not serve as a replacement for proper hand washing unless soap and water are unavailable.
Adǝ gaidǝga kǝla-kǝlan kǝndodǝ banazǝ kasuwasoga lorujin futǝ kǝske aro, amma adǝbe kadau ba kamilla faljin ba hatta musko a nji a shawullan faidatǝn do sai dai mbautǝ njiben.
Frequent use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers can cause dry skin unless emollients and/or skin moisturizers are added to the formula.
Kǝla-kǝlan kǝndau musko a kadau baro sǝdindǝn faidatǝdǝ kadiyi tiyiye hartǝsǝwudin illa kandau tiyiya tǝlalajinlan faidatǝga kǝltǝlando.
The drying effect of alcohol can be reduced or eliminated by adding glycerin and/or other emollients to the formula.
Dalil tiyi hartǝ kǝndau tiyi barosǝdin nemadǝga diwal fulutǝbedǝ shima glycerin au kǝndau a kade tiyi tǝlalajiyina kǝltǝlan tǝwandin.
In clinical trials, alcohol-based hand sanitizers containing emollients caused substantially less skin irritation and dryness than soaps or antimicrobial detergents.
Sǝro litaribelan kǝndau kadau musobe a sǝtǝluwin faidatain madǝro kǝndauwa tiyi harjiyinbama lan faidatain.
Allergic contact dermatitis, contact urticaria syndrome or hypersensitivity to alcohol or additives present in alcohol hand rubs rarely occur.
Kasuwa nǝmkajubeso gade gafsǝnazǝgadǝ gana-ganalan issǝ baro tiyilan waljin kǝndau musko a kaliworo sǝdinmadǝga fadatǝlan isǝ baro waljin.
The lower tendency to induce irritant contact dermatitis became an attraction as compared to soap and water hand washing.
Alamaram gana kasuwa adǝbedǝ shima hangalla gǝrzǝyi nasha njiya shawullan muko a tultǝbero.
Despite their effectiveness, non-water agents do not cleanse the hands of organic material, but simply disinfect them.
Futǝ fadanzǝbe adǝson, awo a donyi nji gǝnyi musko a kadau baro sǝdinmadǝ raksǝ kuli dǝga jejinba illa fulujin.
It is for this reason that hand sanitizers are not as effective as soap and water at preventing the spread of many pathogens, since the pathogens still remain on the hands.
Dalil adǝbe fulezǝna kǝndau musko a kadau baro sǝdindǝ shawulla nji yayeyi sǝdǝnyi nasha kasuwa tartǝlan kaltbedǝn, kulidǝ kwamiyayi tiyi muskobeladn kara.
Alcohol-free hand sanitizer efficacy is heavily dependent on the ingredients and formulation, and historically has significantly under-performed alcohol and alcohol rubs.
Kǝndau sanitizerbe musko a kadau baro sǝdindǝ faida kadakǝllata, kuru taidazǝ faida dano.
More recently, formulations that use benzalkonium chloride have been shown to have persistent and cumulative antimicrobial activity after application, unlike alcohol, which has been shown to decrease in efficacy after repeated use, probably due to progressive adverse skin reactions.
Karǝngǝ adǝlan tartiffa la'abe fulezǝna kǝndau au awo musko a kadau baro sǝdindǝn kǝla-kǝlan faidatǝbedǝ alamaram kadiyiro tajirwa gana suwudinn mbeji.
Many people in low-income communities cannot afford soap and use ash or soil instead.
Jama kada raksa shawul sosuyinbadǝ mbuwu au kattilan faidatan susu shawulbero.