atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
Public health departments reported cases to CDC using a standardized case report form that captures information (yes, no, or unknown) on the following conditions and potential risk factors: chronic lung disease (inclusive of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], and emphysema); diabetes mellitus; cardiovascular disease; chronic renal disease; chronic liver disease; immunocompromised condition; neurologic disorder, neurodevelopmental, or intellectual disability; pregnancy; current smoking status; former smoking status; or other chronic disease.
Geebeji je suklata do jam ɓaandu matini nyauɓe ha CDC gal hoccugo batakewol matinol nyau je jabbinatta do matinolji be (oho, kay, mala aandakke) do nyauji feere be ko nyaɗinatta ndu: nyau fuffu je ɗon tokkita (be nyau dole, nyau je ɗon haɗɗa fuffugo [COPD], be emphysema); nyau sukar mellitus; nyau ɓernde; nyau ɓooye je ɗon tokkita, nyau hengre je ɗon tokkita, tampere ɓaandu; nyau ngaandi, nyau hoore, mala nyau hakkilo; wonugo be reedu; foɗɗol tabba je aran; mala nyau je ɗon tokkiti ma tum.
Data reported to CDC are preliminary and can be updated by health departments over time; critical data elements might be missing at the time of initial report; thus, this analysis is descriptive, and no statistical comparisons could be made.
Matinolji je ɓe neldi ha CDC lati bana je aranool e footi geeɓeji jam ɓaandu larta ndu be wakati; matinolji je kanduɗum footi wonay tawon ha yakke bindol batakkewol aranol; nden kadi, lartol ndu lati bana ɗon limta kujeji, e footay waɗa foondolji.
The percentages of patients of all ages with underlying health conditions who were not hospitalized, hospitalized without ICU admission, and hospitalized with ICU admission were calculated.
Limtolji nyauɓe duɓɓi fu je ɗon mari nyauji feere je wonday ha suudu lekki, wondi ha suudu lekki amma bila neldol ha ICU, ɓe'en je wondi ha suudu lekki be neldol ha ICU ɗon limti nder ton.
Percentages of hospitalizations with and without ICU admission were estimated for persons aged ≥19 years with and without underlying health conditions.
Limtol wondugo ha suudu lekki be wala neldol ha ICU woni no bana je yimɓe je duɓɓi maɓɓe waɗi ≥19 be je mari mala maray nyau feere.
This part of the analysis was limited to persons aged ≥19 years because of the small sample size of cases in children with reported underlying health conditions (N = 32).
Ta'irde lartol ndu larni no yimɓe je mari duɓɓi ≥19 ngam limgal nyauɓe je wonay jur ha kunde ɓikkon je ɗon mari nyauji feere (N = 32).
To account for missing data among these preliminary reports, ranges were estimated with a lower bound including cases with both known and unknown status for hospitalization with and without ICU admission as the denominator and an upper bound using only cases with known outcome status as the denominator.
Ngam wolwugo do matinolji je wala ha nder aranool batakkewolji, yahde tawama no be keerol nyauɓe les je nyau maɓɓe aandi e je aandakke ngam wondugo ha suudu lekki be mala bila neldol ha ICU bana ko hawtatta ɓe e be keerol je do be nyauɓe je nyau maɓɓe ɗon aandin bana ko hawtatta ɓe.
Because of small sample size and missing data on underlying health conditions among COVID-19 patients who died, case-fatality rates for persons with and without underlying conditions were not estimated.
Ngam leeku man ɗon pamarron e wala matinolji do larulaji ha kunde nyauɓe COVID-19 je maynama, limtol mayde je yimɓe je ɗon mari be je maray larulaji je footi hoosa bana sappinol nastay nder limgal.
As of March 28, 2020, a total of 122,653 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases (Figure) and 2,112 deaths were reported to CDC.
Ha 28 Maars 2020, ha cakka nyauɓe COVID-19 122 653 je suudu lartol matini (Foto) be 2 112 maynama matinotto ha CDC.
Case report forms were submitted to CDC for 74,439 (60.7%) cases.
Batakkeji nyau neldotto ha CDC ngam nyauɓe 74 439 (60.7%).
Data on presence or absence of underlying health conditions and other recognized risk factors for severe outcomes from respiratory infections (i.e., smoking and pregnancy) were available for 7,162 (5.8%) patients (Table 1).
Matinolji do wondugo mala wala wondugo nyauji feere mala ko footi nyaɗina ndu ngam nyauji pofɗe (bana wi'ugo, fooɗugo be wondugo be reedu) ɗon woni ngam nyauɓe 7 162 (5.8) (Tabaal 1).
Approximately one third of these patients (2,692, 37.6%), had at least one underlying condition or risk factor.
Ɓadi gooto nder tati do nyauɓe ndu (2 692, 37.7%) mari no nyau feere gooto mala ko footi nyaɗina dum.
Diabetes mellitus (784, 10.9%), chronic lung disease (656, 9.2%), and cardiovascular disease (647, 9.0%) were the most frequently reported conditions among all cases.
Nyau sukar mellitus (784, 10.9%), nyau fuffu je ɗon tokkita (656, 9.2%), be nyau ɓernde (647, 9.0%) lati ɓurna nyauji je ɗon matini ha cakka nyauji feere.
Among 457 ICU admissions and 1,037 non-ICU hospitalizations, 358 (78%) and 732 (71%), respectively occurred among persons with one or more reported underlying health condition.
Ha cakka neldoji 457 ha ICU e wala wondugo ha suudu lekki be walla neldol ha ICU, 358 (78%) be 732 (71%), yotti ha kunde yimɓe je ɗon mari nyau feere gooto mala ɓuri.
In contrast, 1,388 of 5,143 (27%) COVID-19 patients who were not hospitalized were reported to have at least one underlying health condition.
Ha yakke feere bo'o, 1 388 ha nder 5 143 nyauɓe COVID-19 je wonday no ha suudu lekki matinotto bana mari pettum man nyau feere gooto.
Among patients aged ≥19 years, the percentage of non-ICU hospitalizations was higher among those with underlying health conditions (27.3%–29.8%) than among those without underlying health conditions (7.2%–7.8%); the percentage of cases that resulted in an ICU admission was also higher for those with underlying health conditions (13.3%–14.5%) than those without these conditions (2.2%–2.4%) (Table 2).
Ha cakka nyauɓe je mari duɓɓi ≥19, limtol nyauɓe je wonday ha suudu lekki e wonay ha ICU ɓuri je ɓe'en je ɗon mari nyauji feere (27.3%–29.8%) do ɓe'en je maray nyau feere (7.2%–7.8%); limtol nyauɓe je ɓe neldi ha ICU woni bo'o ha do je ɓe'en je ɗon mari nyauji feere (13.3%–14.5%) do ɓe'en je maray nyauji feere (2.2%–2.4%) (Tabaal 2).
Small numbers of COVID-19 patients aged &lt; 19 years were reported to be hospitalized (48) or admitted to an ICU (eight).
Limgal nyauɓe COVID-19 seeɗa je mari duɓɓi < 19 mbiyotto bana wondi ha suudu lekki (48) mala je neldotto ha ICU (joowey e tati).
In contrast, 335 patients aged &lt; 19 years were not hospitalized and 1,342 had missing data on hospitalization.
Ha wakkere feere, nyauɓe 335 je ɗon mari duɓɓi < 19 wonday ha nder suudu lekki be 1 342 je maray matinolji do wondugo ha suudu lekki.
Among all COVID-19 patients with complete information on underlying conditions or risk factors, 184 deaths occurred (all among patients aged ≥19 years); 173 deaths (94%) were reported among patients with at least one underlying condition.
Ha cakka nyauɓe COVID-19 fu be matinolji fu do nyauji feere mala ko footi nyaɗina ndu, 184 maynama (fu ha cakka nyauɓe je ɗon mari duɓɓi ≥19); mayde 173 (94%) matinama ha kunde nyauɓe je ɗon mari pettum man nyau feere gooto.
Among 122,653 U.S. COVID-19 cases reported to CDC as of March 28, 2020, 7,162 (5.8%) patients had data available pertaining to underlying health conditions or potential risk factors; among these patients, higher percentages of patients with underlying conditions were admitted to the hospital and to an ICU than patients without reported underlying conditions.
Ha cakka nyauɓe COVID-19 122 653 ha Lesdi America je be matini ha CDC diga 28 Maars 2020, nyauɓe 7 162 (5.8%) ɗon mari matinolji je ɗon larni nyauji feere mala ko footi nyaɗina ndu; ha kunde nyauɓe ndu, limtolji nyauɓe je ɗon mari nyau feere ɗuɗɗum neldotto ha suudu lekki mala ha ICU do nyauɓe je maray nyauji feere je ɗon matini.
These results are consistent with findings from China and Italy, which suggest that patients with underlying health conditions and risk factors, including, but not limited to, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, COPD, coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic renal disease, and smoking, might be at higher risk for severe disease or death from COVID-19.
Sappinolji ɗon yahida be ko be tawi ha Cayna be Italy, je ɗon holla yo'o nyauɓe je ɗon mari nyau feere mala ko je ɗon nyaɗina ndu, be, amma na kaanjum tan, nyau sukar mellitus, iyam je ɗon illa be sembe, COPD, nyau lawol iyam, nyau ngaandi, nyau ɓooye je ɗon tokkita, fooɗugo, footi nyau maɓɓe nyaɗa mala bo ɓe maya.
This analysis was limited by small numbers and missing data because of the burden placed on reporting health departments with rapidly rising case counts, and these findings might change as additional data become available.
Lartol ndu hokkay ɓibe ngam wodi kujeji pamarron be matinolji feere je wala ngam kugal caɗɗum je be watini ha do hoore geeɓeji jam ɓaandu be limgal nyauɓe je ɗon ɓesda lau, e sappinol ndu footi saanja to wodi matinolji feere yotti.
It is not yet known whether the severity or level of control of underlying health conditions affects the risk for severe disease associated with COVID-19.
Min aanda tawon to nyaɗugo mala aynol ta'irde je larni hala nyau memman hala do nyau je nyaɗum be COVID-19.
Many of these underlying health conditions are common in the United States: based on self-reported 2018 data, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes among U.S. adults was 10.1%, and the U.S. age-adjusted prevalence of all types of heart disease (excluding hypertension without other heart disease) was 10.6% in 2017.
Duɗɗum ha cakka nyauji feere ɗon waagi ha nder Lesdi America: do en joddi do matinolji je yimbe wadi be hoore maɓɓe ha 2018, limtol yahde nyauɓe je ɓon mari nyau sukar ha cakka mauɓe Lesdi America woni 10.1%, be limtol nyauɓe duɓɓi fu je mari nyau ɓernde (sna nyau iyam je ɗon illa be sembe) ɗon no 10.6% ha 2017.
The age-adjusted prevalence of COPD among U.S. adults is 5.9%, and in 2018, the U.S. estimated prevalence of current asthma among persons of all ages was 7.9%.
Dubbi raɓɓugo nyau COPD ha kunde mauɓe Lesdi America lati 5.9 nder 100, e ha 2018, raɓɓol je larni nyau dole ha kunde yimɓe fu woni 7.9 nder 100.
CDC continues to develop and update resources for persons with underlying health conditions to reduce the risk of acquiring COVID-19.
CDC ɗon tokkita waddugo dabareji e larta kujeji ngam yimɓe je ɗon mari nyauji feere ngam ustugo raɓɓende COVID-19.
The estimated higher prevalence of these conditions among those in this early group of U.S. COVID-19 patients and the potentially higher risk for more severe disease from COVID-19 associated with the presence of underlying conditions highlight the importance of COVID-19 prevention in persons with underlying conditions.
Limtol nyaɗugo nyauji ndu ha cakka ɓe'en ha nder geɓɓe aranool nyauɓe COVID-19 ha Lesdi America be raɓɓende nyauji je ɓuri nyaɗugo ha COVID-19 je ɗon hawti be nyauji feere ɗon holla naffuda aynol COVID-19 ha yimbe je ɗon mari nyauji feere.
The findings in this report are subject to at least six limitations.
Sappinolji batakkewol ndu ɗon mari pettum man keerolji joowey e go'o.
First, these data are preliminary, and the analysis was limited by missing data related to the health department reporting burden associated with rapidly rising case counts and delays in completion of information requiring medical chart review; these findings might change as additional data become available.
Aranol, matinolji ndu lati je aranool, e lartol ndu mari keerol ngam matinolji je ɗon larni geeɓe jam ɓaandu ngam kugal maɓɓe je caɗɗum je ɗon hawti be limgal nyauɓe je don ɓesda lau be timminugo matinolji je yiɗi ngaɗa lartol yimɓe jam baandu je yottata lau; sappinolji ndu footi waylitta to matinolji feere wurtotto.
Information on underlying conditions was only available for 7,162 (5.8%) of 122,653 cases reported to CDC.
Matinolji do nyauji feere ɗon no woni ngam yimbe 7 162 (5.8%) do nyauɓe 122 653 ja matinama ha CDC.
It cannot be assumed that those with missing information are similar to those with data on either hospitalizations or underlying health conditions.
Footay numma yo'o ɓe'en je wala matinolji feere ndu ɗon naandi be feere'en je matinolji do wondugo ha cuuɗi lekki mala do nyauji feere.
Second, these data are subject to bias in outcome ascertainment because of short follow-up time.
Ɗidabool, matinoli ndu ɗon waɗa goɗɗo mijja do ngewteji feere ngam wakati tokkitol je ɗon rammi.
Some outcomes might be underestimated, and long-term outcomes cannot be assessed in this analysis.
Footi sappinolji feere ɗon lasbini, e sappinolji footay nasta nder lartol.
Third, because of the limited availability of testing in many jurisdictions during this period, this analysis is likely biased toward more severe cases, and findings might change as testing becomes more widespread.
Tataɓool, ngam famɗol lartol baandu ngam umroji ha lesɗe feere be wakati nde, lartol ndu ɗon sappina bana ɗon tedda gal nyauɓe je ɗon nyaɗi tan, e sappinolji footi waylita to lartol ɗon salla ha ko toy fu.
Fourth, because of the descriptive nature of these data, attack rates among persons with and without underlying health conditions could not be compared, and thus the risk difference of severe disease with COVID-19 between these groups could not be estimated.
Nayaɓool, matinolji ndu ɗon sappina ko salli tan, limtol nyauɓe ha cakka yimɓe je ɗon mari mala maray nyauji feere footi foodotto, gal nden feeretirol raɓɓende nyauji nyaɗungel be COVID-19 ha kunde geeɓeji ndu footay famma.
Fifth, no conclusions could be drawn about underlying conditions that were not included in the case report form or about different conditions that were reported in a single, umbrella category.
Jooyaɓre, footay goɗɗo hoosa hasduji do nyauji feere je nastay no nder batakkewol nyauɗo mala do waagare nyauji je ɗon matinama nder geeɓe woore tan.
For example, asthma and COPD were included in a chronic lung disease category.
Bana sappinol, ɓe limmi nyau dole be COPD ha nder geeɓe nyau fuffu je ɗon tokkita.
Finally, for some underlying health conditions and risk factors, including neurologic disorders, chronic liver disease, being a current smoker, and pregnancy, few severe outcomes were reported; therefore, conclusions cannot be drawn about the risk for severe COVID-19 among persons in these groups.
Timminol, ngam nyauji feere be ko footi nyaɗina, be saklere ngaandi, nyau hengre je ɗon tokkita, wondugo fooɗowo tabba, wondugo be reedu, sappinolji seeɗa tan je nyaɗum matinama; nden kadi, hasduji footay ngurta do raɓɓende COVID-19 ha kunde ummatoji ha nder geeɓeji ndu.
Persons in the United States with underlying health conditions appear to be at higher risk for more severe COVID-19, consistent with findings from other countries.
Yimɓe ha Lesdi America be nyau feere lati bana footi nyaɗina nyau COVID-19 maɓɓe, ɗon naandi be haasduji lesɗe feere.
Persons with underlying health conditions who have symptoms of COVID-19, including fever, cough, or shortness of breath, should immediately contact their health care provider.
Yimɓe be nyauji feere je ɗon mari mandolji nyau COVID-19, bana wulol ɓaandu, sondaru, pofɗe bana timman, sey ngewta be feelowo jam ɓaandu maɓɓe.
These persons should take steps to protect themselves from COVID-19, through washing their hands; cleaning and disinfecting high-touch surfaces; and social distancing, including staying at home, avoiding crowds, gatherings, and travel, and avoiding contact with persons who are ill.
Irin yimɓe ndu sey hocca yaɓɓorde ngam fadugo hoore maɓɓe ngam COVID-19, gal lallugo juɗe; laɓɓinugo baabe je juɗe ɗon memma jur; be daayol ha cakka ummatore, wondugo ha saare, accugo jonde ha cakka ummatore, kawtalji, be jaahangal, be accugo ngiddugo be yimɓe je ɗon nyauɗo.
Maintaining at least a 30-day supply of medication, a 2-week supply of food and other necessities, and knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms are recommended for those with underlying health conditions.
Siggugo lekki je pettum man balɗe 30 ha suudu, nyamɗe be kujeji feere je asaaweji 2, aandal mandolji nyau COVID-19 ɗon feelama ha ɓe'en je ɗon mari nyau feere.
All persons should take steps to protect themselves from COVID-19 and to protect others.
Yimɓe fu sey waɗa yaɓɓorde ngam fadugo hoore maɓɓe ngam COVID-19 e fada feere'en.
All persons who are ill should stay home, except to get medical care; should not go to work; and should stay away from others.
Yimɓe fu je ɗon nyauɗo sey joɗɗa saare, sna to ngam larugo ɓaandu mako; yahata kugal; e sey wonda daayi be yimɓe feere.
This is especially important for those who work with persons with underlying conditions or who otherwise are at high risk for severe outcomes from COVID-19.
Ndu lati kanduɗum ha ɓe'en je ɗon huwida be yimɓe je ɗon mari nyau feere mala bo'o je ɗon sappina mandolji nyaɗum ha COVID-19.
Community mitigation strategies, which aim to slow the spread of COVID-19, are important to protect all persons from COVID-19, especially persons with underlying health conditions and other persons at risk for severe COVID-19–associated disease (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/downloads/community-mitigation-strategy.pdf).
Dabareji ustugo raɓɓol ummatore, je yiɗi ustugo sankittol COVID-19, lati kanduɗum ngam fadugo yimɓe fu ha COVID-19, ɓurna bo'o yimɓe je ɗon mari nyau feere mala yimɓe je ɗon mari kujeji je footi nyaɗina nyau COVID-19 nder ɗaandu maɓɓe (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/downloads/community-mitigation-strategy.pdf).
What is already known about this topic?
Ko ɗon aandin timmi do ngewte ndu?
Published reports from China and Italy suggest that risk factors for severe COVID-19 disease include underlying health conditions, but data describing underlying health conditions among U.S. COVID-19 patients have not yet been reported.
Deftereji je wurti ha Cayna be Italy ɗon feela yo'o kuje je nyaɗinatta nyau COVID-19 larni larulaji jam ɓandu, ama matinolji je sappinatta larulaji jam ɓaandu ha kunde nyauɓe COVID-19 ha lesdi America wangay tawon.
What is added by this report?
Ɗumme ɓesdi ha nder batakkewol ndu?
Based on preliminary U.S. data, persons with underlying health conditions such as diabetes mellitus, chronic lung disease, and cardiovascular disease, appear to be at higher risk for severe COVID-19–associated disease than persons without these conditions.
Do matinolji aranool Lesdi America, yimɓe je ɗon mari nyauji feere bana nyau sukar, nyau fuffu je ɗon tokkita, be nyauji ɓernde, lati bana footi heɓɓa nyau COVID-19 je ɗon nyaɗungel do yimɓe je maray nyauji ndu.
What are the implications for public health practice?
Ɗumme wonni ngaɗama ngam jam ɓaandu ummatore?
Strategies to protect all persons and especially those with underlying health conditions, including social distancing and handwashing, should be implemented by all communities and all persons to help slow the spread of COVID-19.
Dabareji ngam fadugo yimɓe fu be ɓurna ɓe'en je ɗon mari nyauji feere, be baabe ha kunde ummatore be lallugo juɗe, sey ummatoji fu be yimɓe fu ngaɗa ndu ngam ustugo sankittol COVID-19.
Emergence of a Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): Protocol for Extending Surveillance Used by the Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre and Public Health England
Wurtol Koronaviriis je Keese (COVID-19): Dabare Yajjinugo Aynol je Royal College of Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre and Public Health England ɗon Huwida be man
The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) and Public Health England (PHE) have successfully worked together on the surveillance of influenza and other infectious diseases for over 50 years, including three previous pandemics.
Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) and Public Health England (PHE) huwidi be boɗɗe ha baabal gooto do aynol ndamba mala nyauji raɓɓungel feere ha gadda 50, be nyauji duniyaru je tati ndu.
With the emergence of the international outbreak of the coronavirus infection (COVID-19), a UK national approach to containment has been established to test people suspected of exposure to COVID-19.
Be wangol nyau koronaviriis je ɗon memma duniyaru fu (COVID-19), wodi dabare darnol ha lesɗe Inglisiya wurtini ngam lartugo ummatoji je be tammi don joɗɗidi ha wakkere COVID-19.
At the same time and separately, the RCGP RSC’s surveillance has been extended to monitor the temporal and geographical distribution of COVID-19 infection in the community as well as assess the effectiveness of the containment strategy.
Ha wakati man bo'o e gal wakkere feere, aynol RCGP RSC ɗon juttini ngam lartugo sankittol COVID-19 be wakati ha nder wakkere nder ummatore be lartugo to dabare darnugo ndu ɗon yaha.
The aims of this study are to surveil COVID-19 in both asymptomatic populations and ambulatory cases with respiratory infections, ascertain both the rate and pattern of COVID-19 spread, and assess the effectiveness of the containment policy.
Ekkitol ndu yidi aynugo COVID-19 ɗiɗi fu ha ummatoji je sappinata mandolji nyau tawon be nyauɓe je ɗon waanca be nyauji pofɗe, larta ɗiɗi fu limtol be yajjol COVID-19, e larta siyasa darnol nyau ndu.
The RCGP RSC, a network of over 500 general practices in England, extract pseudonymized data weekly.
RCGP RSC, kawtirde je mari kuɗe lartol fu 500 ha Inglisiya, ɗon mofta matinolji bila inde yimɓe nder ton ha asaweji fu.
This extended surveillance comprises of five components: (1) Recording in medical records of anyone suspected to have or who has been exposed to COVID-19.
Aynol je ɗon yajji ndu ɗon mari kujeji joowey: (1) Bindol ha nder defteji ko moy fu je ɓe tammi mari mala je woni no ha wakkere COVID-19.
Computerized medical records suppliers have within a week of request created new codes to support this.
Huwoɓe nastirde bindi ha nder defteji gal ordo mari ha nder asaware emmol wurtini lambaji keese ngam wallugo ndu.
(2) Extension of current virological surveillance and testing people with influenza-like illness or lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI)—with the caveat that people suspected to have or who have been exposed to COVID-19 should be referred to the national containment pathway and not seen in primary care.
(2) Yajjinol aynol yahde viriisji jonta, be lartol yimɓe je ɗon mari nyau bana ndamba mala nyauji lawol pofɗe je les (lrtI) - be matinugo yimɓe je ɗon bana mari mala joɗɗi ha wakkere je ɗon mari COVID-19 sey nella ɓe ha baabe jonde lesdi e ta wona ha aranool suklare.
(3) Serology sample collection across all age groups.
(3) Moftol leeku neebam iyam ha cakka ummatore fu.
This will be an extra blood sample taken from people who are attending their general practice for a scheduled blood test.
Ndu wona leeku iyam feere je hoccama ha yimɓe je ɗon wara tum ha kude lartol fu ngam jaahargal lartol iyam.
The 100 general practices currently undertaking annual influenza virology surveillance will be involved in the extended virological and serological surveillance.
Kuɗe lartol fu 100 je ɗon ayna ndamba je viriis ngaɗi ha nder hittande nastan ha cakka aynol jaangirde viriis be neebam iyam je ɗon yajji.
(4) Collecting convalescent serum samples.
(4) Moftol leekuje neebam iyam je ɗon do nyambittugo.
We have the opportunity to escalate the data extraction to twice weekly if needed.
Min ɗon mari sa'a ɓesdugo wurtinol matinolje nde ɗiɗi ha nder asawere to wodi haaje.
Swabs and sera will be analyzed in PHE reference laboratories.
Lekkuji be neebam iyam lartotto nder cuuɗi lartol PHE je saman.
General practice clinical system providers have introduced an emergency new set of clinical codes to support COVID-19 surveillance.
Huwoɓe nder jaahargal cuuɗi lartol kuɗe lartol fu nastini jaawal do lambaji cuuɗi lartol keese ngam wallugo aynol COVID-19.
Additionally, practices participating in current virology surveillance are now taking samples for COVID-19 surveillance from low-risk patients presenting with LRTIs.
Ha ɓesdugo bo'o, kuɗe je ɗon ayna yahde jaangirde viriis jonta ɗon do hoosugo leekuji ngam aynol COVID-19 ha nyauɓe je nyaway jur je ɗon sappina LRTIs.
Within the first 2 weeks of setup of this surveillance, we have identified 3 cases: 1 through the new coding system, the other 2 through the extended virology sampling.
Ha nder arandere asawere 2 ha ɓawo jo'inol aynol ndu, min mandi nyauji 3: 1 gal jaahargal lambugo keese, 2 gal leeku jaangirde viriis je ɗon yajji.
We have rapidly converted the established national RCGP RSC influenza surveillance system into one that can test the effectiveness of the COVID-19 containment policy.
Min latini jaahargal aynol ndamba RCGP RSC je lesdi fu laugel do je footi larta siyasa darnol COVID-19.
The extended surveillance has already seen the use of new codes with 3 cases reported.
Aynol je ɗon yajji ndu lari kugal lambugo keese be nyauji tati matinama timmi.
Rapid sharing of this protocol should enable scientific critique and shared learning.
Sendol batakkewol ndu be lau mballittan ngam lortol teffoɓe e ko be nummi do man.
The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) is a network of general practices (GPs) with a nationally representative population that provides pseudonymized data for weekly surveillance of infectious diseases.
Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research be Surveillance Centre (RSC) lati bana kawtirde kuɗe lartol fu (GPs) be ummatore je ɗon woni ha nder lesdi man fu je ɗon saanja inde yimɓe ha nder matinolji nder asawere fu ngam lartol nyauji nyaɗum.
The disease surveillance program is commissioned by Public Health England (PHE) and covers 37 infectious diseases, including influenza.
Jaahargal lartol nyau ɗon ɗowi gal Public Health England (PHE) e ɗon sukla do nyauji je ɗon raɓɓa 37, be ndamba.
The RCGP RSC and PHE have an established collaboration of over 50 years in influenza and respiratory disease surveillance and are now in their 53rd season of surveillance and analysis.
RCGP RSC be PHE ɗon huwida diga duɓɓi 50 do aynol nyau bana ndamba be nyau pofɗe e hande ɓe ɗon do 53re aynol be lartol maɓɓe.
The RCGP RSC extracts pseudonymized data from a nationally representative sample of over 500 urban and nonurban GPs each week covering a population of over 4 million.
RCGP RSC ɗon wurtina matinolji je saanji inde nder ton ha nder leeku GPs je ɓuri 500 je woni ha berniji mala ha wuroji nder asawere fu be ummatore je ɓuri milionji 4.
Data from these practices are reported online in a weekly return, which includes monitoring weekly rates of influenza-like illness (ILI) and other communicable and respiratory diseases in England.
Matinolji je kudeji ndu don sappini do hawoo ha asaaweji fu, je larni aynol limtol nyauji je don naandi ndamba (ILI) be matinolji feere be nyauji pofde ha Inglisiya.
We also produce an annual report.
Min don wurtina bo'o batakkewol hittande fu.
The RCGP RSC data set includes all coded data and all prescribed items including vaccine exposure.
Matinolji RCGP RSC don larni matinolji je don lambi be kujeji je larni sappinol baatal.
The RCGP RSC conducts virology surveillance each influenza season, with 100 GPs participating in the 2019-2020 season (Figure 1).
RCGP RSC don ayna do yahde viriisji ha kala wakati ndamba, be 100 GPs je woni ha aynol je 2019-2020 (Foto 1).
These virology sampling practices are also recruited to be nationally representative (Figure 1).
Leeku kude lartol yahde viriisji ndu hoccama ngam lattugo bana ekkitol lesdi fu (Foto 1).
GPs take nasopharyngeal swabs from persons showing acute respiratory illness within 7 days of the onset of symptoms.
GPs don hoosa leeku kine mala daande ha yimbe je don mari nyau pofde je nyadum ha nder balde 7 diga fuddam mandolji nyau.
Nasopharyngeal swabs are taken from children younger than 5 years showing symptoms of acute bronchitis or bronchiolitis.
Lekku je hoccama ha kine mala daande bikkon je yottay dubbi 5 je do holla mandolji bronchitis mala bronchiolitis duddum.
Additionally, nasopharyngeal samples are taken from anyone 5 years and older showing acute onset of ILI and respiratory synctial virus.
Fahin bo'o, leekuji ndamba hoosama ha ko moy fu je mari dubbi 5 mala buri je don mari larulaji ILI be viriis fuffugo be sembe.
Swabs are tested at the PHE Respiratory Virus Unit for influenza to monitor positivity rates and circulating strains, as well as for measuring vaccine effectiveness.
Leekuji lartotto ha Geebe Viriis Pofde PHE ngam aynugo nyadugo ndamba be limgal gildi je ton tara, e foondugo sembe baatal bo'o.
The RCGP RSC successfully conducted a pilot collecting serological samples from adults and linking them to a patient’s medical records during the 2018-2019 influenza season.
RCGP RSC ngadi mofturde lekkuji yahde viriisji bana ekkitol ha bikkon e larta ndu be ko don windi ha nder deftere nyaudo ha wakati ndamba je 2018-2019.
This pilot was in collaboration with the PHE Seroepidemiology Unit and added to the residual blood samples submitted to PHE by National Health Service (NHS) laboratories.
Sappinol ndu don huwida be PHE Seroepidemiology Unit e besdi be leekuji iyam je neldama ha PHE gal suudu teffol Kude Jam Bandu Lesdi (NHS).
Serology can provide important information about background population immunity, and sentinel networks can provide a mechanism for systematic data collection and linkage to medical records and health outcomes.
Lartol viriisji footi hokka matinolji kandudum do sembe ummatore je bawo, e hawtirdeji footi hokka dabare ngam hawtugo matinolji e ngartira dum ha derftere jam baandu.
The serology pilot has demonstrated the ability of the network to collect serology samples in adults.
Sappinol viriisji holli wawande kawtirol ngam moftugo lekkuji yahde viriisji ha maube.
With the COVID-19 outbreak, PHE and RCGP RSC have adapted existing influenza surveillance to monitor the spread of COVID-19 in the community, and this protocol sets out the basis for that collaboration.
Be wangol COVID-19, PHE be RCGP RSC wartiri aynol ndamba je aran do aynol sankittol COVID-19 ha nder ummatore, e batakkewol ndu don hollina dabare huwugo ha baabal gootel.
The primary national strategy for COVID-19 infection is containment, with patients who are at high risk managed via the telephone help system NHS111 and the PHE health protection teams, but the RCGP RSC surveillance is entirely separate.
Aranool dabare lesdi ngam nyau COVID-19 woni darnol, be nyaube je footi nyau mabbe lata nyadungel gal dabare wallende be telefon NHS111 be geebeji fadol jam baandu PHE, amma aynol RCGP RSC laati feerejo.
The RCGP RSC, by extending its established work, will provide virological and serological surveillance to monitor the temporal and geographical distribution of COVID-19 infection in the community, and assess the effectiveness of the containment strategy.
RCGP RSC, gal yajjinugol kugal mako je aran, ndokkan aynol do yahde viriisji be neebam iyam ngam aynugo sankitol nyau COVID-19 be wakati man ha nder wakkere man ha nder ummatore, e larta dabare darnol nyau ngu.
We would not be working in isolation on this research.
Footay en huwaa do wurtinol ha nder teffol ndu.
We will share the protocol with UK colleagues and the I-MOVE consortium who have recently obtained EU Horizon 2020 funding from the stream “Advancing knowledge for the clinical and public health response to the novel coronavirus epidemic”.
Min sendan batakewol ndu be sobiraabe amin je kugal je don woni ha Lesde Inglisiya e kawtal I-MOVE je kebbi wallende EU Horizon 2020 ha "stream “Advancing knowledge for the clinical and public health response to the novel coronavirus epidemic”.
It is anticipated that great efficiencies in project management will result through this collaboration than that obtained from countries acting alone.
Woni artama je dabareji dudum ha nder kugal wurtan gal huwidugo ha baabal gootel do lesdiji je huwata feere mabbe.
The aim of this study is to identify whether there is undetected community transmission of COVID-19, estimate population susceptibility, and monitor the temporal and geographical distribution of COVID-19 infection in the community.
Jaangirde ndi yidi manda to wodi rabbol COVID-19 je don salla aandakke ha nder ummatore, famma yimbe hoosata dum, e ayna sankittol nyau COVI-19 ha nder ummatore be wakati nder wakkere.
The objectives of this study are as follows:
Nda ujaji ekkitol ndu don limti:
To monitor the burden of suspected COVID-19 activity in the community through primary care surveillance and clinical coding of possible COVID-19 cases referred into the containment pathway
Aynugo kugal COVID-19 je don teeda do ummatore gal aranool aynol be lambugo to bana footi wowa nyaube COVID-19 je don siggi nder dabare wurtugo cakka ummatore.
To provide virological evidence on the presence and extent of undetected community transmission of COVID-19 and monitor positivity rates among individuals presenting ILI or acute respiratory tract infections to primary care
Hokkugo sappinol viriis do wondugo be yajjugo rabbol COVID-19 je don salla suudu-suudi ha nder ummatore e aynugo limtol nyaube ha kunde yimbe je don sappina ILI mala nyauji lawol pofde ha aranool fadol.
To estimate baseline susceptibility to COVID-19 in the community and estimate both symptomatic and asymptomatic exposure rates in the population through seroprevalence monitoring
Larugo noy ummatore jabbata COVID-19 e lara limtol be'en je don sappina mandolji nyau e be'en je sappinata ndu ha nder ummatore aynugo neebam iyam.
To pilot implementation of a scheme for collection of convalescent sera with antibody profiles among recovered cases of COVID-19 discharged to the community
Sappinugo noy dabare mofturde neebam iyam je don mari fadoobe baandu salatta ha cakka ummatore je nyaube COVID-19 je don ruffi ha yaasi.
We intend to capture the following.
Min ngidi hoosugo ko don sappini.
Clinical workload related to reports of COVID-19 using the codes created to flag cases, those being assessed and where the infection is located are excluded (Figures 2-​-44)
Kude ha nder cuddi teffol lekki je larni COVID-19 je huwidata be lamba wangini nyau bana leepol, be'en je be larti e je nyau man don wondi limmay cakka man (didolji 2 ha 44)
Foreign countries visited in the last 28 days
Lesde dayindi je ngilli ha bawo balde 28
Existing codes that may have utility (Tables 1-​-3).3).
Lamba je wondi je footi naffa (Tabaalji 1--3).3).
Many GPs and primary care teams may not realize that important relevant data can be coded.
GPs be geebeji suklare aranool duddum footay famma yo'o matinolji kandudum e boddde footi lambatto.
There is also the potential during any pandemic to monitor the effectiveness of any transmission control measures.
Footi bo'o dabare aynugo dabareji aynol rabbol nyau ha wakati.
Reliable coding of letters and test results that will show an infection has become either confirmed or excluded
Lambugo batakkeji be jabbuye lartolji je mari amana je sappinan yo'o nyau lati tawama mala tawakke
The methods will follow the approach used in the current influenza surveillance system and recent serology study, and includes five components: (1) primary care clinical surveillance; (2) virological surveillance; (3) population serological surveillance; (4) convalescent sera in cases; and (5) data curation.
Dabareji tokkitan siyasa je en hoosi ha nder aynol ndamba amin je jonta be jaangirde jonta do neebam iyam, e doon larni kujeji joowey: (1) aynol suudu lekki do aranool suklare; (2) aynol viriis; (3) aynol neebam iyam ummatore; (4) neebam iyam nyaube je don nyambitti; be (5) wilugo matinolji.
The NHS uses the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT) system of coding, which is normally only updated twice annually.
NHS don hoosi dabare lambugo Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT), je lartotto no nde didi tan ha nder hittande.
There was added complexity as some computerized medical record (CMR) suppliers use the Read coding systems (Read clinical terms version 3 – CTv3), which is no longer updated.
Wodi kuje feere je besdi saatol ndu bana hokkoobe batakkeji suddi lekki gal ordoji (CMR) don huwa be Read coding systems (Read clinical terms version 3 – CTv3), je lartay fahin.
Additionally, there were no clinical codes to record COVID-19 in early February 2020.
Fahin, wala no lamba suudu lekki ngam windugo COVID-19 ha fuddam lewru Feviriye 2020.
Therefore, the two main GP system suppliers added the five terms shown in Table 4 as system-wide local codes.
Nden kadi, hokkoobe dabare GP je didi besdi woldeji joowey je don holli ha nder Tabaal 4 bana lambaji jaahargal je don yajji.
A UK emergency release of SNOMED CT concepts for COVID-19 was also subsequently made available across all CMR systems (Table 4).
Wodi ekkitol je Lesdi Inglisiya wurtini be jaawal ngam SNOMED CT do COVID-19 don tokkiti bo'o e don wondi ha nder jaahargalji CMR fu (Tabaal 4).
The intention is that these will eventually be mapped to the new SNOMED CT concepts as they become available, allowing recording of relevant data (Multimedia Appendix 1).
Ndu ngam hokkugo inde ha SNOMED CT je keese to be woni taskitti, je latina bindi matinolji je kandudumkoydum (Multimedia Appendix 1).
The key requirements for this release were the ability to code (Table 4) a case of COVID-19, exposure to risk of infection (travel to an area where there may be a higher risk), contact with anyone infected with COVID-19, a report that a person had been tested for COVID-19, and that the disease had been excluded (likely a negative test).
Emmolji kandudum ngam sappinol ndu lati lambol (Tabaal 4) nyaudo COVID-19, wondugo ha wakkere rabbol nyau (jaahangal ha wakkere je lati don halli), ngidugo be goddo je don mari COVID-19, batakkewol je don sappina yo'o wodi goddo je be larti baandu mako ngam COVID-19, e je nyau man tawakka ha nder baandu mako (bana wi'ugo gildi ndu wala).
In addition, practices are now able to code any foreign travel undertaken, including the ability to record visits to multiple countries (implemented February 8, 2020).
Ha besdugo, kude footi jonta lamba kala jaahangal je ngadotto, be dabare nastinugo ngilliji ha lesde jur (wurti ha 8 Feviriye 2020).
Figures 2-​-44 show the EMIS web implementation.
Fotoji 2--4 don sappina wurtol daaldal teffol EMIS.
Currently, virology samples for influenza surveillance are accompanied by a standard request form.
Jonta, leekuji yahde viriis ngam aynol ndamba don tokkiti be batakkewol emmol je aran.
For COVID-19, we will create a new request form that will record:
Ngam COVID-19, min wurtinan ewnandu keese je limtata:
Date of onset of symptoms
Fuddam mandolji nyau ndu
Diagnosis of any of the following:
Lartol gootoo cakka ko don limti:
Acute bronchitis/bronchiolitis in those younger than five years
Bronchitis/bronchiolitis je nyadungel ha be'en je yottay dubbi joowey
Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI)
Nyau lawol pofde je les (LRTI)
History of fever (Y/N); measured (Y/N); if yes, level
Wulol baandu (O/K); foondi (O/K); to oho, ta'irde
Shortness of breath (Y/N), if measured: oxygen saturation and respiratory rate
Pofde je bana daran (O/K), to foondi: hebbinol hendu be limtol pofde
Recent travel (Y/N); if yes, countries visited in last 14 days
Jaahangal je nebbay (O/K); to oho, lesde je a ngilli ha nder balde 14 sallingo
Contact with a named person with confirmed COVID-19 (Y/N) with a free text comment about the level of certainty
Ngidol be goddo je don mari nyau COVID-19 je a aandi inde mako (O/K) be ngewte feere do goongaku wolde nde
These codes will be grouped ontologically into “definite”, “probable”, “possible”, and “not a case” using our standard approach to grouping codes (Table 5), which has been used previously across disease areas.
Lambaji ndu wonan nder geebeji je yahatta diga “gonga”, “footi”, “footi wada”, be “wonay nyau” be dabare sappinol amin ngam lambaji geebe (Tabaal 5), je en huwidi be man ha nder wakkereji nyauji.
The RCGP RSC definition for ILI is shown in Multimedia Appendix 2.
Ekkitol do RCGP RSC ngam ILI sappinama ha Multimedia Appendix 2.
Public Presentation of Data Using an Observatory and Dashboards
Public Presentation of Data Using an Observatory and Dashboards
We will develop an observatory to present data nationally and a dashboard for feedback to practices about their data quality and collection of virology and serology samples.
Min wurtinan kuje larugo ngam sappinugo matinolji ha nder lesdi fu be kuje windugo ngam ngewte yimbe do kude do daraja matinolji be mofturde leekuji yahde viriisji be neebam iyam.
This is based on coding described in Table 4.
Ndu joddi do lambugo je don sappina ha Tabaal 4.
Definite case will be presented on our dashboard as “cases” of COVID-19.
Nyau je gonga wonan sappinama ha do kuje windugo bana "nyauji" COVID-19.
Possible cases will be presented as “Under investigation” (investigating).
Je footi wona nyauji sappinama bana "Do Lartol" (lartama).
“Not a case” will be presented as “Excluded”.
"Wonay nyau" wonan sappinama as "Meedi".
Online data has been established within the initial few weeks in the COVID-19 Observatory (Figure 5), indicating the overall number of patients and rate per 10,000 patients of cases confirmed or under investigation, as well as where the virus is excluded.
Matinolji je don do hawoo wangi ha nder arandere asaweji ha nder Larol COVID-19 (Foto 5), e don sappina limgal nyaube fu be limtol ha kunde nyaube 10 000 je don aandin mala do lartol, be wakkere je be meedi viriis.
We have the option to move to twice weekly surveillance reports with a scope to change this to daily reporting.
Min footi waylittugo aynol batakkeji ha didi nder asawere be jaahargal saanjugo ndu ha batakkewol balde do balde.
We will continue virology sampling from our sentinel practices, rather than discontinuing as seasonal influenza declines.
Min tokkitan be leeku yahde viriisji ha nder kude sentinel amin, do darnugo ha wakati je ndamba don usta.
Additionally, we will recruit more surveillance practices.
Besdugo bo'o, min hoosan kude aynol buri fahin.
The RCGP RSC virology practices will aim to undertake 200-300 nasopharyngeal swabs per week across the RCGP RSC sentinel network, collecting specimens across all age bands.
Kude RCGP RSC do gildi yidi yoosugo ndamba je wurtata gal kine 200 ha 300 ha nder asawere fu ha nder kawtirde aynol RCGP RSC, gal moftugo ndu ha geebe bi adama fu.
In addition to the inclusion criteria for influenza virology surveillance (ILI, acute bronchitis/bronchiolitis), participating practices will take nasopharyngeal swab samples from any people showing acute symptoms of LRTI if the onset of symptoms is within 7 days.
Ha besdugo ha dabare nastinugo ngam aynol yahde viriisji ndamba (ILI, bronchitis/bronchiolitis), kude je ngadotto hoccan leekuji ndamba je kine mala daande ha kala nyaudo je don sappina mandolji nyau LRTI je nyadungel to fuddam mandolji ndu woni ha nder balde 7.
RCGP RSC research officers and practice liaison staff will manage practices to achieve a total national sample of 200-300 swabs per week.
Ardube teffol RCGP RSC be huwobe kugal kawtal teffan dabareji ngam jukkugo lekkuji ndamba 200 ha 300 nder asawere ha nder lesdi fu.
This could be increased if PHE modelers require more samples.
Ndu footi besda to mo je don sukli do memmugo PHE emmi leekuji feere fahin.
Samples from each practice would be spread across the following age groups: &lt; 5 years, 5-17 years, 18-64 years, and 65 years and older
Leekuji je hoosama ha kala kude wonan sankittama ha kunde geebeji je don sappini ndu: < dubbi 5, dubbi 5-17, dubbi 18-64, be dubbi 65 e je buri
Samples (swabs or serum) collected will be sent via prepaid envelopes addressed to the appropriate PHE laboratory for analysis.
Leekuji (ndamba mala iyam) je moftanga neldama ha nder takardeji ha suudu lartol PHE ngam lartugo ndu.
All samples collected will be tested for the presence of influenza and COVID-19.
Leekuji fu je don mofti wonan lartama ngam larugo ndamba be COVID-19.
Additionally, PHE will retrospectively test any influenza virology samples collected between early and mid-February 2020 for COVID-19.
Fahin, PHE laritan bo'o lartol leekuji viriis ndamba je moftotto ha kunde fuddam be cakkare Feviriye 2020 ngam COVID-19.
Practices will still follow the PHE protocol for COVID-19 with respect to people at risk of infection who should be signposted down the containment pathway, rather than physically attend their practice.
Kude tokkitan dabare PHE COVID-19 fahin be aynugo do yimbe je footi naanga nyau man je sey lata bana mandol ha nder dabareji ustol, do wondugoo ha nder kude ndu be hoore mum.
Direct testing of those who attend surgery remains permitted, but we have also rolled out self-swabbing at home.
Lartol ciir be'en je don walla lekkitajo nder seekkugo don jarfi, amma en meedi hoosugo lekkuji ndamba be hoore mum.
Summary of processes are detailed in Multimedia Appendix 3.
Ramtol laahalji don limti ha Multimedia Appendix 3.
Everyone with an ILI or a respiratory illness who contacts a GP (eg, phones for an appointment) should be asked specifically about recent travel to China and other countries flagged in current PHE advice, or if they have had contact with other people with COVID-19.
Ko moy fu be ILI mala nyau fuffugo je ewni GP (bana, ewni ngam fottugo) sey emmotto to o wadi jaahangal ha Cayna be lesde je don hollitti ha do feelore PHE je jonta, mala to be joddidi be yimbe feere je don mari COVID-19.
If these screening enquiries are positive, the patient would be advised to not come to the practice but instead to follow the PHE flow sheet.
To lartolji je be emmi don sappina nyau, sey be feela nyaudo ngam ta o wara kude amma tokka ko don wini ha do batakkewol PHE.
This can be by a reception or clinician staff, depending on individual practice protocol.
Ndu footi wona gal huwoobe jabbol mala jam baandu, bana ko batakkewol kude goddo do sappina.
These calls should be coded into the GP CMR system and can be reported as part of the RCGP RSC weekly return.
Ewnolji ndu sey wona ha nder jaahargal GP CMR e footi wona bana batakkewol asawere RCGP RSC.
We have developed training material to support this coding (Multimedia Appendix 4).
Min wurtini kujeji jaanginugo ngam wallugo be lambugo ndu (Multimedia Appendix 4).
These include prompt cards for:
Ndu don larni karteji ngam:
Practice reception or triage staff: for coding of any patients calling the practice with symptoms of acute respiratory infection with a history of travel to important areas based on PHE advice
Dabare jabbugo mala geebe subol: ngam mandugo nyaube je ewnatta kugal be mandolji nyau je hadata be fuffugo e je be ngadi jaahangal ha wakereji je don limti ha feeloore PHE
Administrative staff or clinicians who code: to encourage consistent coding of results for any suspected cases, including coding of negative results for exclusion
Huwoobe ardugo mala suudu lekki je don lamba: ngam sembitinugo lambugo sappinolji ngam kala nyau je don tammi, be lambugo sappinol je wala nyau ngam meedugo.
Practices participating in virology surveillance will opportunistically collect blood samples from patients coming into the practice for a routine blood test.
Wondugo nder kude ngam aynol yahde viriis moftan leekuji iyam ha yakke feere ha nyaube je warata ha wakere kude ngam lartol iyam mabbe bana ko wowa.
Patients who attend their practice for a routine blood test will be asked to provide an additional sample for serology.
Be emman ha nyaube je wondi ha kugal lartugo iyam be leeku feere fahin ngam lartugo gildi ndu.
We have conducted initial searches within the RCGP RSC database to look at the number of full blood count (FBC) results and overall rates in adults and children (Figures 6-​-9).9).
Mi fuddi arandere teffolji nder sigorde matinolji RCGP RSC ngam sappinol limtol iyam (FBC) be limtol man fu ha maube be bikkon (Fotoji 6--9).9).
An FBC is one of the most common tests performed, and we hope this will give an approximate indication of overall numbers of blood tests performed.
FBC lati bana gootoo ha cakka lartolji je don aandin, e min tammi ndu hokkan amin matinol do limtol lartolji iyam je en sallini fu.
The sampling rate, per 100,000 patients was highest for children 15-17 years of age and 60 year or older in adults, with the lowest rates in children 0-4 years of age and 18-29 years of age in adults (Figures 6-​-99).
Limtol leekuji, ha nyaube 100 000 lati buri masin ha bikkon je don mari dubbi 15-17 be dubbi 60 mala je buri ha maube, be limto je buri lessugo ha bikkon dubbi 0-4 be dubbi 18-29 ha maube (Fotoji 6-​-99).
We will provide 1000 serology baseline samples across all ages that reflect the varying rates of attendance by age.
Min hokkan leekuji neebam iyam 1000 je larnatta dubbi fu je don sappina limtol wondugo be dubbi.
Additionally, we will test if we can obtain these all from virology practices to enhance the yield.
Ha besdugo bo'o, min tamman lartugo to en footi kebbugo dum fu ha wakkere kude lartol viriis ngam tawugo sappinol.