atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
These can be used to detect infection in individuals starting 7 days or so after the onset of symptoms, to determine immunity, and in population surveillance.Assays can be performed in central laboratories (CLT) or by point-of-care testing (PoCT).
Käk aalɛ̈u bï kek luɔ̈i bï ke tuany tïŋ guop raan ic jɔk cök nïn kä 7 wula le tueŋ të cï kïït tuany tuöl, ku bï kek kë lui guop ic tïŋ ku cɛɛth kɔc guop ic. Cɛɛth guop alɛ̈u bï looi ɣɔ̈ɔ̈n ye kɔc them gup thïn cɔl (CLT) wula të ye kɔc muk ku them kɔc thïn cɔl (PoCT).
The high-throughput automated systems in many clinical laboratories will be able to perform these assays but their availability will depend on the rate of production for each system.
Wɛɛth juëc ye kɔc them gup bɛ̈ɛ̈i akïïm iic aalɛ̈u bïk cɛɛth kën looi ku täu den abï ya të ye wɛnh tök lui thïn.
For CLT a single specimen of peripheral blood is commonly used, although serial specimens can be used to follow the immune response.
Tën CLT aye riɛm lac luɔ̈i thïn, cɔk alɔn lɛ̈u bï kën athɛ̈m luɔ̈i ku bï të ye guop lui thïn buɔth ic.
For PoCT a single specimen of blood is usually obtained by skin puncture.
Tën PoCT abaŋ riɛm tök aye yɔ̈k të cï dɛ̈l ŋuet.
Unlike PCR methods an extraction step is not needed before assay.On March 26, 2020, the FDA named 29 entities that provided notification to the agency as required and are now therefore able to distribute their antibody tests.
Tën lɔn bï PCR luɔ̈i dhël ye luɔ̈i acï wïc ke cɛɛth kïc guɔ looi. Pɛi diäk aköl nïn 26, ruon 2020, FDA acï manadhama 29 nyuɔth manadhama lɛ̈k ku athɛ̈m käk lui guop ic tek.
As of April 7, 2020, only a single test has been approved by the FDA under an emergency use authorization.In late March 2020, Euroimmun Medical Laboratory Diagnostics and Epitope Diagnostics received European approvals for their test kits, which can detect IgG and IgA antibodies against the virus in blood samples.
Ku na ye pɛi ŋuan aköl nïn 7, ruon 2020, athɛ̈m tök yen acï FDA lui ne baŋde gɛm cë rɔt tɛm. Thök pɛi diäk ruon 2020, ɣɔ̈n ye them gup thïn cɔl Euroimmun Medical Laboratory Diagnostics ku Epitope Diagnostics aacï akut ɣurupa puöl bï käken ye kek them luɔ̈i, ku kek aa käk lui guop ic cɔl IgG ki IgA tïŋ köm tɔ̈u riɛm ic.
The testing capacity is several hundred samples within hours and therefore much faster than the conventional PCR assay of viral RNA.
Alɔŋ athɛ̈m e buɔt le tueŋ aa kek ye looi thääu thiinyɔt ku e lac lui tën athɛ̈m PCR kën RNA (abɛ̈k guop).
The antibodies are usually detectable 14 days after the onset of the infection.In early April, the UK found none of the antibody test kits it purchased were sufficiently good to use.
Käk lui guop ic aaye ke tïŋ të cï nïn 14 ic të cï raan luaŋ. Jɔ̈k cök pɛi ŋuan, UK acï wɛɛth ye kɔc them gup ke cïk ɣɔc yɔ̈k ke cï lui apath.
Hong Kong has set up a scheme where suspected patients can stay home, "emergency department will give a specimen tube to the patient", they spit into it, send it back and get a test result a while after.The British NHS has announced that it is piloting a scheme to test suspected cases at home, which removes the risk of a patient infecting others if they come to a hospital or having to disinfect an ambulance if one is used.In drive-through testing for COVID-19 for suspected cases, a healthcare professional takes sample using appropriate precautions.
Anaŋ aguiɛr cï Hong Kong looi bï kɔc cï tuany ya rɛ̈ɛ̈r baai, "abaŋ lui tuɛnytuɛny kɔc lac jɔ̈ɔ̈r abï këye kɔc them gup yiɛ̈k raan tuany", ku ŋut kä ic, ku tooc kä ciɛ̈n ku bï yɔ̈k kä käk cï yɔ̈k athɛm ic läthɛɛr. Acï athɔ̈r British NHS luel lɔn them kek yen ku bïk kɔc ye kɔc puöth diu them baai, ku e kɔc kony bï raan cï tuany kɔc kök cï ben luaŋ të bï kek panakïm wula bïk thurumbil ke kɔc ɣääc ben kuöth ic bï köm nök të cï yen luɔ̈i. Të looi athɛ̈m COVID-19 tën kɔc diu kɔc puöth, kɔc lui alɔŋ pial guop aa käk ye them nyai ke tit ke gup apath.
Drive-through centers have helped South Korea do some of the fastest, most-extensive testing of any country.In Germany, the National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians said on 2 March, that it had a capacity for about 12,000 tests per day in the ambulatory setting and 10.700 had been tested in the prior week.
Ku cäth yene cath thin në bɛɛi yïc aci kɔc ke South korea bɛn kuɔny areetic bi ke tuany bɛn them. Në Germany, Akutnhomë käke pial e ye luel ɣɔn ye Kol nïn 2, lɔn lëu ben naŋ athëm ke 12,000 në köl tökic ku 10.700 e cï them në ithbuɔ̈ cë lɔ.
Costs are borne by the health insurance when the test is ordered by a physician.
Ku kä yeneke bɛn riɛr në ajuɛɛr ɣɔn ci akutdhom de pialde guɔ̈p looi.
According to the president of the Robert Koch Institute, Germany has an overall capacity for 160,000 tests per week.
Ku ka ci bany mac pande Robert koch, bɛn luel ye Germany ëë kɔc ke 160,000 bɛn ya them gup në wik tok.
As of 19 March drive in tests were offered in several large cities.
Na ɣɔn ye Kol nïn 19: ke kä juëc ke themde tuany, aci ke bɛn tak në rɔkic kedhie.
As of 26 March 2020 the total number of tests performed in Germany was unknown, because only positive results are reported.
Ku na ɣɔnke Kol e nïn 26, 2020, go kɔc tuany cië bɛn në nyic thok në ke yene nyic, në ye kɔc tuany ke pëi në juɛc de kɔc.
A first lab survey revealed that as of calendar week 12/2020 a total of at least 483,295 samples were tested up to and including week 12/2020 and 33,491 samples (6.9%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.In Israel, researchers at Technion and Rambam Hospital developed and tested a method for testing samples from 64 patients simultaneously, by pooling the samples and only testing further if the combined sample is found to be positive.In Wuhan a makeshift 2000-sq-meter emergency detection laboratory named "Huo-Yan" (Chinese: 火眼, or "Fire Eye" in English) was opened on 5 February 2020 by BGI, which can process over 10,000 samples a day.
Ku kɔc juëc areetic aci kek bɛn ya yöök keke tuany në wiik de 12/2020 ka adɛt de 483,295 acï bɛ̈n them agut cë ithbuɔ̈ de 12/2020 ku 33,491(6.9%) acï them ku yök ke nɔŋ SARS-CoV-2. Në Israel, duyɔ̈ɔ̈p ke panakïm de Technion ku Rambam aake cë dhöl ë thëmë ŋuëkthii tënɔŋ ayanïïn ka 64 ëke reke cök, në mɛ̈ɛ̈tëic de ŋuëkthii ku berë ke thëm pe lɔn ŋuëk cï määtiic yök ëke nɔŋ tuany. Në Wuhan go ɣön ë këcïp tɔ̈ kë ye 200-sq-mïtïr loi bïnë kä tem röt ya yök ëcï cäk kë ye "Huo-Yan" (Chinese:期, wälë "nyin ë mac" në Dïŋïlïth) e liep thok ɣɔn e Nyith nïn 5, 2020 në BGI, wɛ̈n lëu bï ŋuëk ka 10,000 ku kɔ̈k loi akaltökic.
With the construction overseen by BGI-founder Wang Jian and taking 5-days, modelling has show cases in Hubei would have been 47% higher and the corresponding cost of the tackling the quarantine would have doubled if this testing capacity hadn't come on line.
Në ajuiɛ̈r de BGI cï yök në Wang Jian në nïn ke 5, tuany acï rɔt nyuɔth në Hubei në gudhur de 47% ler tueŋ ku kë ye wɛ̈ŋde raan nyai ediët ce kɔ̈u mät na rou naŋë thëm kënë kën tɔ̈u në jïtic.
The Wuhan Laboratory has been promptly followed by Huo-Yan labs in Shenzhen, Tianjin, Beijing, and Shanghai, in a total of 12 cities across China.
Ku ka ye pande Wuhan keek lui keka ci keek bɛn ya kuany cök në kɔc ke Hou-Yan në bɛ̈ɛ̈i ke 12 ic.
By 4 March 2020 the daily throughput totals were 50,000 tests per day.Open source, multiplexed designs released by Origami Assays have been released that can test as many as 1122 patient samples for COVID19 using only 93 assays . These balanced designs can be run in small laboratories without the need for robotic liquid handlers.
Na ɣɔn ke pɛɛi ye nïn 4 Kol 2020, go rään 50,000 ya them në kool tok. Ke ye cɔl Origami Assays acï loi bï raan 1122 de COVID19 ya them në käŋ ke 93. Kenë abï ya loi në thëm kɔ̈k kor ke cin robot ber kɔɔr.
By March, shortages and insufficient amounts of reagent has become a bottleneck for mass testing in the EU and UK and the US.
Ku na ŋoot ke ye pɛɛi de diäk, go EU ku UK and US aci ka ke them ben bɛi ku cɔ ke tuany ye them tenɔŋ raan ebën.
This has led some authors to explore sample preparation protocols that involve heating samples at 98 °C (208 °F) for 5 minutes to release RNA genomes for further testing.On 31 March it was announced United Arab Emirates was now testing more of its population for Coronavirus per head than any other country, and was on track to scale up the level of testing to reach the bulk of the population.
Ku yekene aci në kɔc kɔk ke pan akim bɛn riɔc ku ye ke nyuɔth nan nɔŋ ee tuany. Acïkë luel wu bï ya tuɔ̈c në digikat ke 5 agut bï tuɔ̈i lɔ në 98°C (208°F) acan bï ke ye cɔl RNA yök. Në pɛi nïn 31 Akoldït, acï caal ke United Arab Emirates cï käk juëc them.
This was through a combination of drive-through capability, and purchasing a population-scale mass-throughput laboratory from Group 42 and BGI (based on their "Huo-Yan" emergency detection laboratories in China).
Ku ka ye amat nom de rɔt loi në biäk de china kenë kɔc kɔk agokë käŋ ya yök tenɔŋ group 42 ku BGI.
Constructed in 14 days, the lab is capable of conducting tens of thousands RT-PCR tests per day and is the first in the world of this scale to be operational outside of China.
Ku ɣöt acie bɛn looi në nin ke 14. Ekenë abï adɛt bianabuur de RT-̈PCR loi në köl. Ku yenëke ke tueŋ cï loi në ̈China.
Different testing recipes targeting different parts of the coronavirus genetic profile were developed in China, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Japan, and the United States.
Na ɣɔn ke ka ke them wɔi acieke bɛn yook në China, Germany, Hong Kong, Japan ku United States.
The World Health Organization adopted the German recipe for manufacturing kits sent to low-income countries without the resources to develop their own.
Ku piny nom acie ka ke Germany bɛn cɔ thiɛk yicku loom keke ke ye kek riinnic.
The German recipe was published on 17 January 2020; the protocol developed by the United States Centers for Disease Control was not available until 28 January, delaying available tests in the U.S.China and the United States had problems with the reliability of test kits early in the outbreak, and these countries and Australia were unable to supply enough kits to satisfy demand and recommendations for testing by health experts.
Ku pan cɔl Germany, acie piny nom bɛn cɔl ke pɛɛi ye nïn 17 Akɔ̈nydït 2020, kë cï loi bë United States acï tɔ̈u agut cï pɛi nïn 28 Akɔ̈nydït. Kenë acï thëm bën gɔɔu p në United States ku jal ya China.
In contrast, experts say South Korea's broad availability of testing helped reduce the spread of the novel coronavirus.
Ku ne luɔi yic ke ka cie bɛn luel lek kɔc ke South korea ye them alääu.
Testing capacity, largely in private sector labs, was built up over several years by the South Korean government.
Ku ka yeneke them ku ka ke kacip ake ke cie ka kakuma.
On 16 March, the World Health Organization called for ramping up the testing programmes as the best way to slow the advance of COVID-19 pandemic.High demand for testing due to wide spread of the virus caused backlogs of hundreds of thousands of tests at private U.S. labs, and supplies of swabs and chemical reagents became strained.
Na ɣɔn në pɛɛi nïn 16 Akoldït, go akutdhom de pialde de guɔp në piny thook ebën luel bi raan ebën them në COVID-19. Ku rin wïc yen bï kɔc them rin cï köm rot tɛk piny acï kɔc juëc cɔl alɔ bɛ̈ɛ̈i akïm tujäria pan U.S ɣɔ̈n ye kɔc them gup thïn, ku gɛm wɛ̈th ye kɔc them gup ku kimkol guöp cɔl alui aacï lïk.
In March 2020 China reported problems with accuracy in their test kits.
Në Akoldït 2020, Go china caal ke käke thëm cie piath areetic.
In the United States, the test kits developed by the CDC had "flaws;" the government then removed the bureaucratic barriers that had prevented private testing.Spain purchased test kits from Chinese firm Shenzhen Bioeasy Biotechnology Co Ltd, but found that results were inaccurate.
Pan United States, wɛ̈ɛ̈th ye kɔc them gup cï CDC guir aa naŋ kë "jɔ̈ɔ̈r;" thïn ku akuma acï käk kɔc gɛ̈l bï kɔc cï them nyai thïn. Spain acï wɛ̈ɛ̈th ye kɔc them gup ɣɔɔc tënë cïrka Shenzhen Bioeasy Biotechnology Co. Ltd, ku acï yɔ̈k lɔn kä athɛ̈m cï loi yen akïc ya tëde.
The firm explained that the incorrect results may be a result of a failure to collect samples or use the kits correctly.
Ku ka ci kɔc ke panakim bɛn juiir apieth bii ke lëk kɔc ye kɔc ye ke nyuoth keke tuany, aye kɔc ken në keek them apiath.
The Spanish ministry said it will withdraw the kits that returned incorrect results, and would replace them with a different testing kit provided by Shenzhen Bioeasy.80% of test kits the Czech Republic purchased from China gave wrong results.Slovakia purchased 1.2 million test kits from China which were found to be inaccurate.
Go kɔc ke Spanish, jam ye bi ka kek ke them dak nhiim ciën në kë ci keek ye lui apieth, ku bï kak lui apiɛth bɛ̈i në Shenzhen Bioeasy. 80% de ye kakë cï Czech Republic ɣɔc tenɔŋ China acï piɛth. Slovakia acï 1.2 million ke them ɣɔc tenɔŋ China ku ka cï lui apiɛth.
Prime Minister Matovič suggested these be dumped into the Danube.Ateş Kara of the Turkish Health Ministry said the test kits Turkey purchased from China had a "high error rate" and did not "put them into use."The UK purchased 3.5 million test kits from China but in early April 2020 announced these were not usable.
Go bany cɔl Motovič, luel ye käkë ke themi, ɣɔn lɔ ke bɛi pande Turkey aci lui apieth në ke cie ke yic ye nyuɔth. Britania acë ɣɔ̈ɔ̈c käke thëm në 3.5 maliöön tënë China lakin thökë Akɔ̈nydït 2020 gorë caal lɔn cï bɛ kek lui.
Testing, followed with quarantine of those who tested positive and tracing of those with whom the SARS-CoV-2 positive people had had contact, resulted in positive outcomes.
Ku kɔc lɔŋ guɔ̈p tuany cenë ke SARS-CoV-2 yök në ke guup aci bɛn ya mɛɛi në kɔc ci guɔp tuany ku tɛɛu keek tëde ke pɛɛc.
Researchers working in the Italian town of Vò, the site of the first COVID-19 death in Italy, conducted two rounds of testing on the entire population of about 3,400 people, about ten days apart.
Ku raan lui në akutnhom de pialde yic pande italy ee bɛn lɔ pandɛ cɔl Vò, ne ye kool tok ŋiyic, ku ye pan ɣe thou ë raan thin në COVID-19. Adɛt de 3,400 acï them guɔp në nïn ke thiëër yic.
About half the people testing positive had no symptoms, and all discovered cases were quarantined.
Ku në kɔc ci keek them guɔ̈p yic, go biakden yök ke tuany ku cï kë nyuoth tuany në gup ku kɔc ci guɔ̈p pial aci ke bɛn dhiac keke tou keek tëde ke pɛi.
With travel to the commune restricted, this eliminated new infections completely.
Ku tenɔŋ kɔc ye cath në ɣɔl kɔk yic keke piac tuany abi keek ya dɔm.
With aggressive contact tracing, inbound travel restrictions, testing, and quarantining, the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Singapore has proceeded much more slowly than in other developed countries, but without extreme restrictions like forced closure of restaurants and retail establishments.
Në biak de kɔɔr, thök de caath, them, ku rëër tetök, 2020 koronavirus në Singapore acï loi apiɛth awar baai kɔ̈k ŋot ëke yïïk kek, ku caath de riɛ̈th ku thök de matam akenë tau.
Many events have been cancelled, and Singapore did start advising residents to stay at home on 28 March, but schools reopened on time after holiday break on 23 March.
Ku ka juɛɛi kɔk aci keek bɛn teem kɔth në pɛi nïn 28 Akoldït ku Singapore aci kɔc bɛn ŋɔl në jëëm bi kɔc ya tɔu baai. Ku bïï cen raan cäth në pɛi nïn 23 Akoldït.
Several other countries have also managed the pandemic with aggressive contact tracing, inbound travel restrictions, testing, and quarantining, but with less aggressive lock-downs, such as Iceland and South Korea.
Bɛ̈i juëc kɔ̈k acï tuany bɛ̈n gël apɛi në bɔ̈ɔ̈th ë cök kɔc cë röt aagɔt kekë kɔc tuany, pɛ̈ɛ̈n ë cäth aalɔŋthïn, athɛ̈m, ku lɛ̈llɛ̈l thok, ku baai akïc guɔ thiök piny apɛi bï rɛ̈ɛ̈c këya, cïmen Iceland ku South Korea.
A statistical study has found that countries that have tested more, relative to the number of deaths, have much lower case fatality rates, probably because these countries are better able to detect those with only mild or no symptoms.
Acï akuën cï looi yɔ̈k lɔn ka gɛth cï kɔc juëc them, thiäk thook kek kɔc cï thou, anaŋ thuou kor ic, ku e rin cï gɛth ye them ku bïk kɔc la kïït thii tuany wula kɔc cïn kïït tuany lac yɔ̈k.
WHO recommends that countries that do not have testing capacity and national laboratories with limited experience on COVID-19 send their first five positives and the first ten negative COVID-19 samples to one of the 16 WHO reference laboratories for confirmatory testing.
Aye APMP luel bɛ̈i cën nyïc tënë thëm ku ɣän ke ke thëm në baŋde COVID-19 bïk ŋuëkthii ke kɔc tueeŋ kɛn tuany ke dhïc aatuɔc ku kɔc kɛn tueeŋ cï tuany në COVID-19 tënë ɣöt ke thëm cï ke gam ka 16 në baŋde APMP agorë deet në thëm.
Out of the 16 reference laboratories, 7 are in Asia, 5 in Europe, 2 in Africa, 1 in North America and 1 in Australia.
Ku në ɣöt ke kaciip ke 16 yic, 7 në Asia, 5 në Europe, 2 në Africa, 1 në North Amerika ku 1 në Australia.
In the following chart, the column “Positive as % of tests” is influenced by the country's testing policy.
Ku në yekene yic, go cin de kɔc tuany ya % ci tan ci në kɔc kek baai ye luel.
A country that only tests people admitted to hospitals will have a higher positive as % of tests than a country that tests all citizens, whether or not they are showing symptoms, other things being equal.
Ku gen kɔc cï ket tääc pan akïm e kɔc juëc cï luaŋ yɔ̈k tën gen cï kacke ebën them, cɔk alɔn le yen kïït wula cïn kïït tuany nyuɔth, ku kä kök ebën aa thöŋ.
Hand washing (or handwashing), also known as hand hygiene, is the act of cleaning one's hands for the purpose of removing soil, grease, microorganisms, or other unwanted substances.
Lɔ̈k cin (wula lɔ̈k cin), ŋic ke ye aguiɛr cin, e wɛ̈t bï raan ye cin lɔɔk ku bï liɛt, cääm, käm ce tïŋ kɔc nyïïn wula käm kök cï kek wïc nyai kɔc cin.
Hand washing with soap consistently at certain "critical moments" during the day prevents the spread of many diseases, for example diarrhoea and cholera, which are transmitted through fecal–oral route.
Ku wɛk yene kɔc ke cïïn waak në athabun yen në kä kɔɔr bi ya looi bɛn tuany gel cin mɛn de tuany cɔl Cholera.
People can also become infected with respiratory diseases such as influenza or the common cold, for example, if they do not wash their hands before touching their eyes, nose, or mouth (i.e., mucous membranes).
Ku kɔc aleu bïkë tuany në tuany de piɔu të ci keke cin në wak apieth ku jakke nyin në cin nɔŋic wathak.
The five critical moments during the day where washing hands with soap is important include: before and after defecation, after cleaning a child's bottom or changing nappies, before feeding a child, before eating and before and after preparing food or handling raw meat, fish, or poultry.
Ku käŋ ke dhiëc aköl bï lɔ̈ɔ̈k cin kek thabun ya këye raan looi ku ala ic: të kïc raan guɔ la pel ku të cï yen thök pel, të cï raan meth ŋiny thar wula cï yen meth waar thar bampas, të kïc yïn meth guɔ miɛ̈th thok, të yïn guɔ mïth ku të kïc yïn miɛ̈th guɔ guir ku të cï yïn miɛ̈th guir wula të lui yïn rïŋ, rɛ̈c thith wula mäc ajïïth.
If water and soap are not available, hands can be cleaned with ash.The World Health Organization recommends washing hands:
Ku te liiu ee piu ku thabun, ke ka kɔɔr ba yi cin ya wak në ŋeth.
Before, during, and after preparing food.
Te ŋoot yin, ama te yi ku te cï thookkë thatama te ŋot yi ke yin ken apaɛi ke thäär lɔɔm.
Before and after caring for a sick person.
Ku te ŋoot yin ke yi ken raan tuany laar akim.
After changing the diapers or cleaning up a child who has used the toilet.
Ku te ŋoot yïn ke yin ke meth wak guɔ̈p te ce lɔ pakana.
After blowing your nose, coughing or sneezing.
Ku te ŋoot yin ke yin ke në wum thöny.
After touching animal, animal feed, or animal waste.
Ku te ce yin laai ku lony.
Medical hand hygiene refers to hygiene practices related to medical procedures.
Ku ke ye cɔl pialde guɔp ëë luoi be në raan roth ya tiit në tuany ago raan yen cin ya waak apieth ba ya col ke yin wak yïn cin apieth.
Hand washing before administering medicine or medical care can prevent or minimize the spread of disease.
Na ye col ke yin wak yin cin ke ka leu bi tuany gel wei.
The main medical purpose of washing hands is to cleanse the hands of pathogens (bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms that can cause disease) and chemicals which can cause harm or diseases.
Ku keye kɔc ke cin lɔɔk we wɛ̈t ku bï käk kɔc luaŋ laak wei (bakteria, käm, wula kuat käm thii kök ce kek ye tïŋ kɔc nyïïn lɛ̈u bïk tuany bɛ̈i) ku kimkol lɛ̈u bïk kɔc luc wula bï tuɛnytuɛny bɛ̈i.
This is especially important for people who handle food or work in the medical field, but also an important practice for the general public.
Ku ye kenë apieth areetic ke kɔc ye lui panakim ku kɔc ye thät baai ku thuk ëya bïï ke cin dhil ya wak apiath.
Hand washing has many health benefits, including minimizing the spread of influenza, coronavirus, and other infectious diseases; preventing infectious causes of diarrhea; decreasing respiratory infections;
Ba yiï cin wak anɔŋ ka juɛc ye keek kuny yin në biak de pialde guɔp, aci tuany ye cɔ dɔm kɔc areetic.
and reducing infant mortality rate at home birth deliveries.
Ku ke lɔ bii de tuany tekic.
A 2013 study showed that improved hand washing practices may lead to small improvements in the length growth in children under five years of age.
Anɔŋ piooc ee ci looi ɣɔn në 2013, yë piööci aci kɔc kuny; mënë bi kɔc ke cin ya wak.
In developing countries, childhood mortality rates related to respiratory and diarrheal diseases can be reduced by introducing simple behavioral changes, such as hand washing with soap.
Ku në bɛɛi wel ci piɔy, ke tuɛnytuɛny ci mɛn de yi ɣɔl ake ye ke gel në wɛɛkde cin: ba yi cin ya wak në thabun.
This simple action can reduce the rate of mortality from these diseases by almost 50%.
Ku kekakë kedhia aye kä ye në ke tuany cɔ kɔɔci në gël në gudhur de 50%.
Interventions that promote hand washing can reduce diarrhoea episodes by about a third, and this is comparable to providing clean water in low income areas.
Ku ka wel ye kɔc pioc ebën bi kɔc ke cin ya wak aa ye tuany gel ci mɛnde yäc ( yithaan ).
48% of reductions in diarrhoea episodes can be associated with hand washing with soap.Hand washing with soap is the single most effective and inexpensive way to prevent diarrhea and acute respiratory infections (ARI), as automatic behavior performed in homes, schools, and communities worldwide.
Ku yithan alëu bi gel në gudhur de 48%, ba yin cin ya wak apieth në piu ku thabun e yene töŋ lui kuka rakïth e yäc gël ku jɔla wuɔɔk dït rilic tënë wëëï (WDW), ku käkë ayen keek looi në thukulic ku në bɛ̈ɛ̈i yic ku pinynhom ebën.
Pneumonia, a major ARI, is the number one cause of mortality among children under five years old, taking the lives of an estimated 1.8 million children per year.
Tuany aliir në piöuic, kë ye yene WDW, kë ke tueŋ në bi menh de ruunke dhïc nɔk, nɛ̈ken mïth ke 1.8 maliöön në ruön thok.
Diarrhea and pneumonia together account for almost 3.5 million child deaths annually.
Ku yithan aleu bi ke cië miithke 3.5 million nɔk në döör tok abac.
According to UNICEF, turning hand washing with soap before eating and after using the toilet into an ingrained habit can save more lives than any single vaccine or medical intervention, cutting deaths from diarrhea by almost half and deaths from acute respiratory infections by one-quarter.
Tëcït të cï UNICEF luɛ̈l yen, të ye kɔc ke cin lɔɔk thabun të kïc raan guɔ cɛm ku të cï yïn ke loi bakana ic thɔ̈ɔ̈l ku loi këye kë ye loi akölköl alɛ̈u bï pïr kony tën lɔn bï wäl tök luɔi wula kuɔny akïm, tɛ̈m kɔ̈u thuou tën yäc keye abak ku thuou alɔŋ tuɛnytuɛny ye yɔ̈k wɛ̈ɛ̈i iic keye ye abaŋ thïïn kor.
Hand washing is usually integrated together with other sanitation interventions as part of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) programmes.
Ba yi cin wak ake thɛɛr ëye kɔc looi ku ke biak de pialde guɔ̈p de raan në piiric cï mɛn cenë ye luel ne (WASH).
Hand washing also protects against impetigo which is transmitted through direct physical contact.
Ku wɛɛkde cin aa kɔc gel në tuɛnytuɛny awel ye ke wɔɔk te thïc kɔc roth në kudual.
A small detrimental effect of hand washing is that frequent hand washing can lead to skin damage due to drying of the skin.
Ku na cie yi cin në wak kek riir cin wei ku dhiɛc ke ye tuany mdɛ.
A 2012 Danish study found that excessive hand washing can lead to an itchy, flaky skin condition known as hand eczema or hand dermatitis, which is especially common among health-care workers.
Na ɣɔn në run de 2012, ke piooc aci looi ago kɔc ke cin ya wak bi akuɔk kɔc ci ye dɔm.
Too frequent hand washing is also seen as one of the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
Acän ba ya col ke ye wak yin cin aye tok de ka pieth areetic në nyindhiɛ e kït de tuany ye cɔl (OCD).
There are five critical times during the day where washing hands with soap is important to reduce fecal-oral transmission of disease: after using the bathroom (urination, defecation), after cleaning a child's bottom (changing nappies), before feeding a child, before eating and before/after preparing food or handling raw meat, fish, or poultry.
Anɔŋ thɛr tou në koolic ke dhïc ku pieth bi kɔc ke cin ya wak (në thabun; na cɔ lɔ pakana ke yin wak yi cin në thabun) ku të cï meth wak ( ku të geer yin meth kɔu)
Other occasions when correct handwashing technique should be practiced in order to prevent the transmission of disease include before and after treating a cut or wound; after sneezing, coughing, or blowing your nose; after touching animal waste or handling animals; and after touching garbage.
Ku kä kɔ̈k piɛth arëëtic bukku piööc bi kɔc ke cin dhil ya lɔɔk në dhël lajik na thabun në nyindhiɛ agorë lɔ thiëi bec de tuany gël nɔŋic kë yï këc guɔ ca tëm wälë tëtöök alacu; ɛ̈ thiïm, ɣɔl, wälë thony yi wum; të cï yïn wɛ̈r wɛŋ wula läi gɔt; ku të cï yïn thök jukjuk anyuɔn.
In many countries, there is a low rate of hand washing with soap.
Në dolat juëc cic, wɛ̈k de cin në asabun acï dït.
A study of hand washing in 54 countries in 2015 found that on average, 38.7% of households practiced hand washing with soap.A 2014 study showed that Saudi Arabia had the highest rate of 97 percent; the United States near the middle with 77 percent; and China with the lowest rate of 23 percent.Several behaviour change methodologies now exist to increase uptake of the behaviour of hand washing with soap at the critical times.Group hand washing for school children at set times of the day is one option in developing countries to engrain hand washing in children's behaviors.
Akuën ë nyïnyë lɔ̈kë cin në bɛ̈i ke 54 ic ë 2015 e yökë kënë atuoc, 38.7% ë bɛ̈i aaye lɔ̈kë cin në athabun pïööc. Akuën ë nyïc dë 2014 e nyuɔth lɔn nɔŋ Saudi Arabia adɛn dït ë juëŋë röt de 97 në buɔtic; Amërika mɛn thïök cɛlic kekë 77 në buɔtic; ku China kë cinë juëŋë röt tɔ̈ piiny kekë 23 në buɔtic. Kuɛr juëc ë gɛra de ciɛɛŋ ëmɛn atɔ̈ ë kë bë juak në löömde ciɛɛŋ ë lɔ̈kë cin në athabun e dhamɛn rilic kënë. Akuut de lɔ̈kë cin tënë mïth ke thukul në thää kaköl cï ke juir e töŋ ë lɔ̈ɔ̈c tɔ̈ në bɛ̈i yïk ic aci ciɛɛŋ dë lɔ̈kë cin kuɔth në mïth nhïïm.
The "Essential Health Care Program" implemented by the Department of Education in the Philippines is an example of at scale action to promote children's health and education.
Ajuiɛɛr cï kɔc ke pan ye cɔl Philippines loi abï thukul de mïth ku pialden de guɔp ca ril.
Deworming twice a year, supplemented with washing hands daily with soap, brushing teeth daily with fluoride, is at the core of this national program.
Ajuiɛɛr de ye akutnhom ëkë, bï raan wël de kɔ̈m ya dek na rou në ruɔ̈nic bï raan ye cin ya waak në nyindhie ku bï raan ye thok ya gɔ̈ɔ̈k miäkduur.
It has also been successfully implemented in Indonesia.
Acï rɔt loi Pan ye cɔl Indonesia.
Removal of microorganisms from skin is enhanced by the addition of soaps or detergents to water.
Nyɛɛi de kɔ̈m në raan guɔp aa asabun yenëke ye loi.
The main action of soaps and detergents is to reduce barriers to solution, and increase solubility.
Kë ye thabun loi ë kɔm ku acuɔl nyaai në raan guɔp.
Water alone is an inefficient skin cleanser because fats and proteins, which are components of organic soil, are not readily dissolved in water.
Pïu ke pɛi acï lë bïkë acuɔl nyaai në raan guɔp rin miök ku protin, ku aa kek abɛ̈k liɛt, ku aace lac mär pïu iic.
Cleansing is, however, aided by a reasonable flow of water..
Pïu a ye acuɔl nyaai të juëc kek.
Solid soap, because of its reusable nature, may hold bacteria acquired from previous uses.
Asabun alë bï käm cë nyaai në guɔpic të kenë ye ŋic loi.
A small number of studies which have looked at the bacterial transfer from contaminated solid soap have concluded transfer is unlikely as the bacteria are rinsed off with the foam.
Anɔŋ kɔc kɔ̈k ë ye luel wu athabun acï kɔ̈m ye cɔl bacteria ë nyaai të ken yïn ye lɔ̈k apiɛth në piu.
The CDC still states "liquid soap with hands-free controls for dispensing is preferable".
Acï akutnhom de CDC luel wu athabun cï liäp ë pïu yenë ka ril.
Antibacterial soaps have been heavily promoted to a health-conscious public.
Athabun wën ë kɔm ye cɔl bacteria nɔ̈k yenë ka cï kɔc juëc gam.
To date, there is no evidence that using recommended antiseptics or disinfectants selects for antibiotic-resistant organisms in nature.
A kënë luel wu asubun yenë piny ë ye kɔm cï tɔu arët në guɔpic nɔ̈k.
However, antibacterial soaps contain common antibacterial agents such as triclosan, which has an extensive list of resistant strains of organisms.
Aa yen kë tɔ̈u, asubun dɛ̈t ë lui apiɛth kënë kɔ̈m cï ceŋ arëëtic në guɔpic.
So, even if antibiotic resistant strains aren't selected for by antibacterial soaps, they might not be as effective as they are marketed to be.
Na cɔk naŋ käm cë dac thou në ye asubunë ke asubun kɔ̈k aye nɔ̈k.
Besides the surfactant and skin-protecting agent, the sophisticated formulations may contain acids (acetic acid, ascorbic acid, lactic acid) as pH regulator, antimicrobially active benzoic acid and further skin conditioners (aloe vera, vitamins, menthol, plant extracts).A comprehensive analysis from the University of Oregon School of Public Health indicated that plain soaps are as effective as consumer-grade anti-bacterial soaps containing triclosan in preventing illness and removing bacteria from the hands.
Në ye kenë yic, wɛl yenë tuany de dɛ̈ɛ̈l tök anɔŋic kë ye cɔl (acetic acid, ascorbic acid, lactic acid) ke ye PH dhuɔ̈k piny, ku benzoic acid. Acï kɔc Ke Jamiya de Orego wu asubun nyin is kɔ̈m ye cɔl bacteria nyaai apiɛth. Kë cï yɔ̈k ke cï jama Oregon abaŋ lui käk pial guöp bää caath acï yɔ̈k ka thabuun la ic triclosan tuany gɛ̈l ku nyɛi bakteria kɔc cin.
Hot water that is comfortable for washing hands is not hot enough to kill bacteria.
Pïu tuuc acï lë bïkë kɔ̈m ye cɔl bacteria nɔk.
Bacteria grow much faster at body temperature (37 °C).
Kɔ̈m ye cɔl bacteria ë dac dït të lir (37°C).
However, warm, soapy water is more effective than cold, soapy water at removing natural oils which hold soils and bacteria.
Ku keya, pïu tuc, la iic thabun aa ŋuɛ̈n tën pïu lir, ku aala iic thabun ku aa miök liɛt muk kɔc cïn guɔ nyai kɔc cin ku jɔl aa käm.
Contrary to popular belief however, scientific studies have shown that using warm water has no effect on reducing the microbial load on hands.
Acï kɔc cï piëi luel wu pïu tuuc acë kɔ̈m ye cɔl bacteria ë nɔ̈k të piny ë raan yecin.
A hand sanitizer or hand antiseptic is a non-water-based hand hygiene agent.
Kë yenë kɔc ke cin weec acï në piu.
In the late 1990s and early part of the 21st century, alcohol rub non-water-based hand hygiene agents (also known as alcohol-based hand rubs, antiseptic hand rubs, or hand sanitizers) began to gain popularity.
Në run de 1990s ku 21st century, yene ka gamë yen mɛn käk ke lɔ̈ɔ̈k de cin nɔŋic miau keke piɛth.
Most are based on isopropyl alcohol or ethanol formulated together with a thickening agent such as Carbomer (polymer of acrylic acid) into a gel, or a humectant such as glycerin into a liquid, or foam for ease of use and to decrease the drying effect of the alcohol.
Käk juëc aa lui isopropyl määu wula ethanol kɔ̈u cï kek muɔc iic käk ril cïmen carbomer (polymer käk acrylic acid) gel ic, wula humectant cïmen glycerin pïu ic, wula ayɔ̈k ku bï guɔ a luɔ̈i ku kɔc cɔl aguɔ cïn thiaŋ lui määu ic.
Adding diluted hydrogen-peroxide increases further the antimicrobial activity.Hand sanitizers containing a minimum of 60 to 95% alcohol are efficient germ killers.
Acan bï ke ye cɔl hydro peroxide tau në kë de wɛ̈ɛ̈c de cin aye yen ca ril. Käk ke weec de cin nɔŋic 60-95% miau apiɛthacan aye kɔ̈m nɔ̈k.
Alcohol rub sanitizers kill bacteria, multi-drug resistant bacteria (MRSA and VRE), tuberculosis, and some viruses (including HIV, herpes, RSV, rhinovirus, vaccinia, influenza, and hepatitis) and fungi.
Akɔɔr bï raan yecin ya waak në asabun ago käm cï mɛn de (MRSA ku VRE), tuberculosis, HIV, herpes, RSV, rhinovirus.
Alcohol rub sanitizers containing 70% alcohol kill 99.97% (3.5 log reduction, similar to 35 decibel reduction) of the bacteria on hands 30 seconds after application and 99.99% to 99.999% (4 to 5 log reduction) of the bacteria on hands 1 minute after application.Hand sanitizers are most effective against bacteria and less effective against some viruses.
Kë nɔŋic miääu ë cï mɛn de 70% e gudhur de 99.97% de kɔ̈m nɔ̈k (3.5-35) në mocmoc ke 30 ku 99.999% (4 agut cë 5) aye nɔ̈k në mocmoc 1. Käk ke lɔ̈ɔ̈k de cin kë aye lui aret në kɔ̈m ye cɔl bacteria ku ka ce lui apiɛth kenë kɔ̈m ye cɔl virus.
Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are almost entirely ineffective against norovirus (or Norwalk) type viruses, the most common cause of contagious gastroenteritis.Enough hand antiseptic or alcohol rub must be used to thoroughly wet or cover both hands.
Kë yenë kɔc ke cin waak nɔŋic miau acï kɔ̈m ebën nyaai. Yen akɔɔr bï raan guthur dït ya tau në yecin ago kɔ̈m nɔ̈k(ama bi cïn cath).
The front and back of both hands and between and the ends of all fingers are rubbed for approximately 30 seconds until the liquid, foam or gel is dry.
Akɔɔr na waak raan yecin ke waak cin kɔ̈u ku cinic në mocmoc ke 30 ago cï ba yɔ̈ɔ̈k ben.
Finger tips must be washed well too, rubbing them in both palms.The US Center for Disease Control and Prevention recommends hand washing over hand sanitizer rubs, particularly when hands are visibly dirty.
Riɔp nhïïm akɔɔr bïke waak apiɛth ëya. Cuɔthë ke në cin ciëlic. Ɣän ke gëlë tuany de US acï luel ke cin ya waak cooth arët acan bï acuɔl wën joi nyaai.
The increasing use of these agents is based on their ease of use and rapid killing activity against micro-organisms; however, they should not serve as a replacement for proper hand washing unless soap and water are unavailable.
Kë cï kɔc juëc ca gam ë kënë ë kë kɔ̈ɔ̈c ë loi de yic ku ke kam dac nɔ̈k. Akɔɔr bë ya täu në kɔc cin të lïu asubun ku pïu.
Frequent use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers can cause dry skin unless emollients and/or skin moisturizers are added to the formula.
Acï kɔɔr ba ya col ke yic miɔ̈c yï cin në asubun wën Ŋɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ ïc miau acan de dɛ̈ɛ̈l ca ril.
The drying effect of alcohol can be reduced or eliminated by adding glycerin and/or other emollients to the formula.
Ëkë yenë asabun nɔŋic miau kɔc kuukë a yenë ke ye cɔl glycerine täu thïn.
In clinical trials, alcohol-based hand sanitizers containing emollients caused substantially less skin irritation and dryness than soaps or antimicrobial detergents.
Ɣɔn themë yen, ke de wɛ̈ɛ̈k de cin nɔŋic miau akɔɔr bï ya yenë ke ye cɔl glycerine ago raan cë kuuk.
Allergic contact dermatitis, contact urticaria syndrome or hypersensitivity to alcohol or additives present in alcohol hand rubs rarely occur.
Kɔc la gup allergi dermatitis, cït ke gɔ̈t de urticaria wula tuany puör ë riɛm në baŋde määu wula kä kök rɛ̈ɛ̈r määu ic ye kɔc ke cin runy ce rötë dac loi.
The lower tendency to induce irritant contact dermatitis became an attraction as compared to soap and water hand washing.
Xɔn yen ë kënë kɔc kuuk yenë ka cïnë ye luel wu bï kɔc ke cin ya waak në asubun ku piu.
Despite their effectiveness, non-water agents do not cleanse the hands of organic material, but simply disinfect them.
Kak yenë ke kɔc ke cin piny cïnë pïu acë kam ë dac nɔ̈k.
It is for this reason that hand sanitizers are not as effective as soap and water at preventing the spread of many pathogens, since the pathogens still remain on the hands.
Ë kënë yenë ka yenë ye luel wu athabun ku pïu awär ëke yenë cin waakë në gël de lathiëi bec ë käm, rin ŋot käm kɔc luaŋ në ciniic.
Alcohol-free hand sanitizer efficacy is heavily dependent on the ingredients and formulation, and historically has significantly under-performed alcohol and alcohol rubs.
Miöm la ic määu e lui tëcït käk cï kek täu ye ic të cï yen luɔi thïn, ku të ŋïc yen ky muɣɛmade ace ŋiɛc lui määu ku kuat määu cï täu thïn.
More recently, formulations that use benzalkonium chloride have been shown to have persistent and cumulative antimicrobial activity after application, unlike alcohol, which has been shown to decrease in efficacy after repeated use, probably due to progressive adverse skin reactions.
Kak ke pinyë cïn nɔŋic benzalkoniu acï ke yök ëke lui arët acan a ye kɔm dac nɔ̈k, acï thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ kenë miau, wën cï yök ke cï lui apiɛth, acan e raan kuuk guɔp.
Many people in low-income communities cannot afford soap and use ash or soil instead.
Kɔc juëc wën cin käŋ acï ke ye lëu bïkë asabun xɔc. Aye ke cin waak në ngeeth abac.
Ash or soil may be more effective than water alone, but may be less effective than soap.
Ngeeth ku tiop alë bïkë lui awarkë pïu cïn ye asabun.
One concern is that if the soil or ash is contaminated with microorganisms it may increase the spread of disease rather than decrease it.
Kë tɔ̈u, ë na waak yïcin në ngeeth ku tiop nɔŋic käm yenëka cï piɛth.
Like soap, ash is also a disinfecting agent because in contact with water, it forms an alkaline solution.
Cï mɛn da asabun, ngeeth ë käm nɔ̈k eya acan na liäp ye kenë pïu ke ka jal riɛl arët.
WHO recommended ash or sand as alternative to soap when soap is not available.
Akutnhom ye cɔl WHO, a aye luel wu ngeeth apiɛth të lïu asabun.
Correct handwashing technique recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control for prevention of transmission of disease includes the following steps:
Wɛ̈k de cin apiɛth cï të akutnhom tɔ̈ US e Gëlë Tuany ne baŋde wuɔk anɔŋic kuɛrkä:
Wet hands with warm or cold running water.
Miɔ̈c yï cin në piu tuuc wenë pïu lir ëke wat.
Running water is recommended because standing basins may be contaminated, while the temperature of the water does not seem to make a difference.
Pïu wat kek kä piɛth awarkë pïu ke xoth acan pïu ke xoth ayic nɔŋ acuɔl.
Lather hands by rubbing them with a generous amount of soap, including the backs of hands, between fingers, and under nails.
Coth yï cin apath na thabun piɛth bïk yɔ̈ɔ̈k, agut cïn kɔ̈th, kam kɛmke yiit, ku riɔ̈p thär.
Soap lifts germs from the skin, and studies show that people tend to wash their hands more thoroughly when soap is used rather than water alone.
Thabun ë käm ca bɔ̈ bɛ̈i në raan guöp ku ka cï yök mɛn kɔc juëc aye ke cin lɔɔk apiɛth të tɔ̈u ë thabun ke ce piu ke pëi.
Scrub for at least 20 seconds.
Akɔɔr ba yï cin coth në mocmoc ke 20.
Scrubbing creates friction, which helps remove germs from skin, and scrubbing for longer periods removes more germs.
Guör ye kɔc guur gup e dɔm, ku e köm nyai dɛ̈l ic, ku guör ye kɔc guur gup kam bärkɔ̈u e käm juëc nyai.
Rinse well under running water.
Lɔ̈k yï cin apiɛth në piu watic.
Rinsing in a basin can recontaminate hands.
Lɔ̈k de cin në xothic ë cin bɛr ca yɔ̈k acuɔl.
Dry with a clean towel or allow to air dry.
Akɔɔr ba yï cin wec në alath cï guɔp acuɔl
Wet and moist hands are more easily recontaminated.The most commonly missed areas are the thumb, the wrist, the areas between the fingers, and under fingernails.
Cin tiɔp ke ka yenë kɔ̈m ke pïïr thïn arët awar cin cï riɛl. ɣɔ̈ɔ̈n ye kɔc ke nhïïm lac määr aa riɔ̈p bundit, barcoc nyin, kam cïn, ku riɔ̈ɔ̈p cök.
Artificial nails and chipped nail polish may harbor microorganisms.
Kë yenë tau në kɔc riɔp ku kɔc cin aye kɔ̈m rɔt thiän thïn
Moisturizing lotion is often recommended to keep the hands from drying out; dry skin can lead to skin damage which can increase the risk for the transmission of infection.
Diän ye kɔc tɔc e yen cï gam ku bï cin cɔl ala duk, të ye dɛ̈l ril wei kë dɛ̈l ago riäk ku alëu bï tek rot piny ë tuany cɔl ajuak rot.
Various low-cost options can be made to facilitate hand washing where tap-water and/or soap is not available e.g. pouring water from a hanging jerrycan or gourd with suitable holes and/or using ash if needed in developing countries.In situations with limited water supply (such as schools or rural areas in developing countries), there are water-conserving solutions, such as "tippy-taps" and other low-cost options.
Kë wën e ɣɔc në wëu tɔ̈ piny yenëke lëu bï loi bïnë cin aa lɔɔk të liu pïu-mathura/wula të liu thabun cimën Kä cït yïk wula pïu në kɔc cin në dhiäm nɔ̈ɔ̈k wula kuɔt nɔŋ ɣär piɛth ku/wula loi ŋeth të wïc ëye tënë ŋot ë ke yïk ke. Në ɣän wën cï piu juëc (cï mɛn de thukuul ku bɛɛi mec ke rɔɔk), anɔŋ kä yenë ke mëckëla de pïu cɔ̈k piny, cë mënë "mathura-kääc" ku kɔ̈k tɔ̈ cindɛn ë ɣɔ̈c piiny.
A tippy-tap is a simple technology using a jug suspended by a rope, and a foot-operated lever to pour a small amount of water over the hands and a bar of soap.
Akɔɔr bï raan jirkith ya Duɔ̈t në tim thok ke nɔŋ piu ku asubun benë kɔ̈c ke cin ya waak
Effective drying of the hands is an essential part of the hand hygiene process, but there is some debate over the most effective form of drying in public washrooms.
Ŋiëc thiäŋ cïn e abaŋ të ye kɔc rɔ̈t tiɛt thïn, ku anaŋ jam alɔŋ thiäŋ guöp ɣɔ̈ɔ̈n ye kɔc ke laak thïn.
A growing volume of research suggests paper towels are much more hygienic than the electric hand dryers found in many washrooms.
Acï kɔc kɔ̈k luel wu waragɛk xeer wën ye täu në bakana yic apiɛth aka wär alath lɔ̈ŋ guɔp acuɔl.
In 2008, a study was conducted by the University of Westminster, London, and sponsored by the paper-towel industry the European Tissue Symposium, to compare the levels of hygiene offered by paper towels, warm-air hand dryers and the more modern jet-air hand dryers.
Në run de 2008, ke kɔc ke jamiya ye cɔl de pan ye cɔl London acï jam wu waragɛk wën ye täu në bakana yic a yenë kɔc ke cin wec ëtë ŋot tɛ̈n kë në tau në bakana yic.
After washing and drying hands with the warm-air dryer, the total number of bacteria was found to increase on average on the finger pads by 194% and on the palms by 254%.
Të cïn yï cin piny ku wec në alath cï guɔp acuɔl, ke yïn cï käm juëc arëëtic nɔ̈k 194% ku në cinic ë 254%.
Drying with the jet-air dryer resulted in an increase on average of the total number of bacteria on the finger pads by 42% and on the palms by 15%.
Acï kɔɔr bï raan ye cin wec në makana wën ë kɔc wec cïn acan tuäny adet de 42% acï käm ë nyaai ebën agut cï bï lɔ në gudhur de 15%.
After washing and drying hands with a paper towel, the total number of bacteria was reduced on average on the finger pads by up to 76% and on the palms by up to 77%.The scientists also carried out tests to establish whether there was the potential for cross contamination of other washroom users and the washroom environment as a result of each type of drying method.
Të cïn yï cin piny në piu kä asabun ku wec yicin në alath cï guɔp acuɔl ke yïn cï 76% ku në cinic ë 77% de kɔ̈m nɔ̈k. Acï thanytith them eya bïke tiŋ mɛn ye kɔc ë yök ɣöl de wɛk de cin röth ɣok.
The jet-air dryer, which blows air out of the unit at claimed speeds of 180 m/s (650 km/h; 400 mph), was capable of blowing micro-organisms from the hands and the unit and potentially contaminating other washroom users and the washroom environment up to 2 metres away.
Macin wën ë pïu guɔth wei në raan cïn ë pïu kuɔth wei në thaar kor arët mɛn ye 180m/s(650km/h:400mph). Ku kë kɔm kuɔth wei alɔ bï cuɔt në kaamë mïtïr ke 2 mɛcic arët.
Use of a warm-air hand dryer spread micro-organisms up to 0.25 metres from the dryer.
Macin yenë kɔc kuɔth cïn ë kɔm cuɔt në kaam mɛc arët në kë cï 0.25 metïïr.
Paper towels showed no significant spread of micro-organisms.In 2005, in a study conducted by TÜV Produkt und Umwelt, different hand drying methods were evaluated.
Waragɛk cï loi ke yenë kɔc ke cin wec acï piɛth. Në run de 2005, ke ye cɔl TÜV ku Umweit acï ke piɛth në kam de alath cï guɔp acuɔl ku waragɛk.
The following changes in the bacterial count after drying the hands were observed:
Kak juëc në biäk de kɔ̈m ye cɔl bacteria acï röth ben wär.
Many different hand dryer manufacturers exist, and hand driers have been compared against drying with paper towels.
Macinjuëc ke wec de cin acï ke loi ku ka cï yɔ̈ɔ̈k ke wec de cin në alath cï guɔp acuɔl ke yen piɛth.
Hand washing using hand sanitizing wipes is an alternative during traveling in the absence of soap and water.
Wec de cin në asabun thïn cï yenë miau ë piath ke lë yin të mec.
Alcohol-based hand sanitizer should contain at least 60% alcohol.
Kë yenë kɔc ke cin wec wën nɔŋic miau apiɛth bï yic näŋ 60%(thiëër dhëtem në buɔɔtic) de miau.
Medical hand-washing became mandatory long after Hungarian physician Ignaz Semmelweis discovered its effectiveness (in 1846) in preventing disease in a hospital environment.
Acï raan ye cɔl Ignaz Semmelweis luel wu raan lui panakim bï ye cin ya waak në nyindhie acan acï yök ke thiekic arët ne run de 1846 (bianabuur thiëër ku bɛ̈t ku thiëërŋuan ku dhetem).
There are electronic devices that provide feedback to remind hospital staff to wash their hands when they forget.
Anɔŋ wɛ̈ɛ̈th akïm lɛ̈k ku bïk ke cïn lɔk të cï kek nhïïm mär.
One study has found decreased infection rates with their use.
Acï kɔc kɔ̈k luel wu ë makana ye acïn kɔ̈m ca thuuk piny.
Medical hand-washing is for a minimum of 15 seconds, using generous amounts of soap and water or gel to lather and rub each part of the hands.
Dïktor akɔɔr bï yecin ya waak në mocmoc ke 15 kë ye loi në athabun ku pïu wälë miök bë yɔ̈ɔ̈k ku coth röt në cinic.
Hands should be rubbed together with digits interlocking.
Cin akɔɔr bïke coth apiɛth ago kɔ̈m jal.
If there is debris under fingernails, a bristle brush may be used to remove it.
Na nɔŋ kë cï döŋ në cïnic kë ka kɔɔr bï göök bië.
Since germs may remain in the water on the hands, it is important to rinse well and wipe dry with a clean towel.
Akɔɔr bï raan yecin lɔ̈k ku wec yecin në alath cïn guɔp acuɔl.
After drying, the paper towel should be used to turn off the water (and open any exit door if necessary).
Na ca yï cin wec në waragɛk ke yï jɔl mathura thök në ye waragɛk ŋëk ku liëp (dhöl ye në lɔ bïï të lëu ëë rɔt)
This avoids re-contaminating the hands from those surfaces.
Ë kënë acï yïn bɛr ca tɛ̈u acuɔl në mathura thök.
The purpose of hand-washing in the health-care setting is to remove pathogenic microorganisms ("germs") and avoid transmitting them.
Lui de wɛ̈k de cin panakïm ë bï ("käm") tɔ̈u në raan cin nyaai.
The New England Journal of Medicine reports that a lack of hand-washing remains at unacceptable levels in most medical environments, with large numbers of doctors and nurses routinely forgetting to wash their hands before touching patients, thus transmitting microorganisms.
Te ye kɔc gɔ̈t thin cɔl New England ë jam wu bɛ̈ɛ̈i juëc aŋot ëke kën wɛ̈k de cin gam. Dïktor juëc aye nhiim dac maar ku cïkë ke cin piny ku jekë kɔc tuany go jak.
One study showed that proper hand-washing and other simple procedures can decrease the rate of catheter-related bloodstream infections by 66 percent.The World Health Organization has published a sheet demonstrating standard hand-washing and hand-rubbing in health-care sectors.
Kɔc kɔ̈k acï jam wu wɛ̈k de cin yenëke Thɔ̈l tuany yenë tuany gël wei ku kɔ̈k wën ye dïktor ke loi alë bïke tuany gël në biak de 66%. Akuthnom ë Pinynhom Mɛ̈t në Pial ecï waragɛk wɛ̈kë kɔc ke cin loi. Anɔŋic të ye wëëk kɔc cin panakïm.
The draft guidance of hand hygiene by the organization can also be found at its website for public comment.
Ajuiɛɛr de biäk de wɛɛk de cin acï manadhama tau në website nyin.
A relevant review was conducted by Whitby et al.
Acï tïŋ në kë ye cɔl Whitby et al.
Commercial devices can measure and validate hand hygiene, if demonstration of regulatory compliance is required.
Macin de wëu ë gudhur cenë kɔc ke cïn them acan bï tïŋ mɛn cï kɔc gäm.
The World Health Organization has "Five Moments" for washing hands:
Akutnhom ë Pinynhom Mɛ̈t në Pial anɔŋ "dhöl ke dhïc" de wɛ̈ɛ̈kë cin:
after exposure to blood/body fluids
Të cïnë riɛm yï jak cïn.
before an aseptic task, and
Ke yï kën lui cï kör në wathak loi.
after patient care.The addition of antiseptic chemicals to soap ("medicated" or "antimicrobial" soaps) confers killing action to a hand-washing agent.
Ku të cïn raan Tuany tök Akɔɔr bï raan ye cin waak në asabun acan yenë ke kɔ̈m dac nɔ̈k.