atepeq/tico19 huggingface dataset:
Patients with fever and/or respiratory symptoms and acute fever, even without pulmonary imaging abnormalities, should be screened for the virus for early diagnosis.
Kɔc la gup atuöc ku arɛm puou ku juäidit cɔk alɔn cïn kek ke jɔ̈ɔ̈ ke puöth aa dil them ku bï kek lac tïŋ gup e köm.
A demographic study in late December of 2019 showed that the percentages of the symptoms were 98% for fever, 76% for dry cough, 55% for dyspnea, and 3% for diarrhea; 8% of the patients required ventilation support.
Athɛ̈m guop acï pɛi Thiärkurɔu ruon 2019 acï nyuɔth lɔn ka kɔc la gup atuöc aa 98%, kɔc ɣɔl aa 76%, kɔc ye wɛ̈i ic riɛl thïn aa 55%, kɔc la yäc aa 3%, ku kɔc wïc bï kek tääc aa 8%.
Similar findings were reported in two recent studies of a family cluster and a cluster caused by transmission from an asymptomatic individual.
Acï yɔ̈k aya athɛ̈m cï loi macthok ku te ye tuany rɔt tɛk piny thïn tën raan tök.
Comparably, a demographic study in 2012 showed that MERS-CoV patients also had fever (98%), dry cough (47%), and dyspnea (55%) as their main symptoms.
Acï akuën acï looi ruon 2012 nyuɔth lɔn ka kɔc tuany MERS-CoV aa gup lac kïït e tuany kën cïmen kɔc la gup atuöc a (98%), kɔc ɣɔl aa (47%), ku kɔc ye wɛ̈i ic riɛl thïn aa (55%).
However, 80% of them required ventilation support, much more than COVID-19 patients and consistent with the higher lethality of MERS than of COVID-19.
Ku keya, 80% aa kɔc wïc bï kek tääc, ku MERS e tuany rac ka wär COVID-19.
Diarrhea (26%) and sore throat (21%) were also observed with MERS patients.
Kɔc tuany MERS aa ke cï yɔ̈k ke la gup yäc (26%) ku jɔl a ayiɛl rɔ̈l (21%).
In SARS patients, it has been demonstrated that fever (99%-100%), dry cough (29%-75%), dyspnea (40%-42%), diarrhea (20-25%), and sore throat (13-25%) were the major symptoms and ventilation support was required for approximately 14%-20% of the patients.
Acï yɔ̈k lɔn le kɔc tuany SARS gup juäi/atuöcdit (99%-100%), ɣɔl (29-75%), wɛ̈i e ïc riɛl (40%-42%), yäc (20-25%), ku ayiɛl rɔ̈l (13-25%), aa kek kïït tuany ku tecït tën 14% -20% aawïc bï kek tääc.
By February 14, the mortality of COVID-19 was 2% when the confirmed cases reached 66,576 globally.
Aköl nïïn 14 pɛi Rɔu, guɔ thuou ye nyin juak tecït tën 2% wën cï adat kɔc cï luaŋ COVID-19 rɔt juak ku bï ya 66,576 pinynhom ebën.
Comparably, the mortality of SARS by November 2002 was 10% of 8,096 confirmed cases.
Kɔc ke cï SARS nɔ̈k pɛi Thiärkurɔu 2002 aake ye tecït tën 10% raan 8,096 kɔc ke cï luaŋ iic.
For MERS, based on a demographic study in June 2012, the mortality was 37% of 2,494 confirmed cases.
Alɔŋ MERS, tecït te cï yen yɔ̈k thïn akuën acï loi pɛi Dätem ruon 2012, thuou ece nyin juak ku bi ya 37% e raan 2,494 kɔc ke cï luaŋ iic.
An earlier study reported that the R0 of SARS-CoV-2 was as high as 6.47 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 5.71-7.23, whereas the R0 of SARS-CoV only ranged from 2 to 4.
Acï yɔ̈k akuën cï looi ic lɔn ade ke SARS-CoV-2 atɔ̈u tueŋ tecït tën 6.47 kek 95% ku kën ke tek iic kamken e (CI) kela 5.71-7.23, ku SARS-CoV ala tecït tën kaŋ kä 2 le 4.
A comparison of SARS-CoV-2 with MERS-CoV and SARA-CoV regarding their symptoms, mortality, and R0 is presented in Table ​Table1.1.
Thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ cï SARS-CoV-2 thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ kek MERS-CoV ku SARA-CoV alɔŋ kïït kën, thuou ku R0 täuden acï nyuɔth agït agït1.1.
The above figures suggest that SARS-CoV-2 has a higher ability to spread than MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, but it is less lethal than the latter two.
Ke cï gɔ̈t nhial aye nyuɔth lɔn ade ka SARS-CoV-2 e rɔt guɔ tɛk piny tën MERS-CoV ku SARS-CoV, ku acï rac cïmen käkä kärɔu.
Thus, it is much more challenging to control the epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 than those of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV.
ku e yen ye yen ic riɛl ku bï SARS-CoV-2 rɔt cï gɛ̈l cïmen MERS-CoV ku SARS-CoV.
Clustered onset often happens in the same family or from the same gathering or vehicle such as a cruise ship.
Kɔc aaye ke lony/puol bïk jäl many tök thok wula akuɔ̈tnhom tööŋ wula akut thurumbiil cïmen riän wïïr.
Patients often have a history of travel or residence in Wuhan or other affected areas or contact with infected individuals or patients in the recent two weeks before the onset.
Kɔc tuany aya kɔc awën ke cï la keny gen Wuhan wula bɛ̈ɛ̈i kök cï kɔc ke tuany thïn wula kɔc tuany cï kek tääc wudhbuɔ̈ɔ̈ kärɔu keke kïc guɔ puöl bïk jal.
However, it has been reported that people can carry the virus without symptoms longer than two weeks and cured patients discharged from hospitals can carry the virus again, which sends out an alarm to increase the time for quarantine.
Acï yɔ̈k lɔn lɛ̈u kɔc bïïk tuany ɣääc kecïn gup kïït tuany tecit tën wudhbuɔ̈ɔ̈ karɔu ku kɔc cï ŋuɛ̈n tauny ku lony kek panakim alɛ̈u bïk köm ɣääc aya, ku e yen ken ye nyuɔth lɔn dhil nïïn ye kɔc lel thook juak ïïc.
Patients have normal or reduced number of peripheral white blood cells (especially lymphocytes) at the early stage.
Kɔc cï luaŋ aa gup pial path ku anyanya thɔ̈ɔ̈r riɛmic aa dhuk piny (cïmen anyanya guop tiitic) te puɔc tuany jɔk ran guop.
For example, lymphopenia with white blood cell count &lt; 4×109/L including lymphocyte count &lt; 1×109/L, and elevated aspartate aminotransferase levels and viremia were found in 1,099 COVID-19 patients.
Cïmen anyanya tɔ̈u riɛmic aa tecït tën <4x109/L ku aa la iic anyanya guop tiitic <1x109/L, ku awan guop la ic pïïu ku juɛ̈ŋ rɔt köm acï yɔ̈k tën raan 1,099 cï luaŋ COVID-19.
The levels of liver and muscle enzymes and myoglobin were increased in the blood of some patients, and C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation were increased in the blood of most patients.
Jɔ̈nrɔt cuɛ̈ny ku rïŋ guopic ku miök raan kony bï wɛ̈i aake cï rɔ̈t juak riɛm kɔc tuany iic, ku miök raan tiit bï pial ecï rɔt juak riɛm kɔc ke tuany iic aya.
In patients with severe cases, the level of D-dimer, a fibrin degradation product present in the blood, was elevated, and lymphocyte count was progressively reduced.
Kɔc tuany gup, riɛm ecï duöt ku miök raan tiit guop wei e cï dhuk piny apɛi.
Abnormalities in chest radiography are found in most COVID-19 patients and featured by bilateral patchy shadows or ground glass opacity in the lungs.
Arɛm puou ecï ya yɔ̈k tën kɔc tauny COVID-19 ku acï rɔt mat ke cï makana ye cuɛny cath yɔ̈k.
Patients often develop an atypical pneumonia, acute lung injury, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Kɔc tuany aa gup la tuɛny puou, tetök cuɛ̈ny kɔ̈u, ku tuɛny wɛ̈i ye cɔl acute respiratory distress syndrome ?(ARDS).
When ARDS happens, uncontrolled inflammation, fluid accumulation, and progressive fibrosis severely compromise the gas exchange.
Te looi ARDS rɔt, atuöc, athuɔ̈r, ku tueny cuɛ̈ny la ic jäär ye raan jäär emën ku emën.
Dysfunction of type-I and type-II pneumocytes decreases the surfactant level and increases surface tension, thus reducing the ability of the lungs to expand and heightening the risk of lung collapse.
Te ye abaŋ I ku abaŋ II puou ic cï ye lui apath e aliir dhuk piny ku e arɛm juak ic, ku e luɔi cuɛ̈ny dhuɔ̈k piny ku bï ciɛ̈n te löny cuɛ̈ny.
Therefore, the worst chest radiographic findings often parallel the most severe extent of the disease.
Keye yɔ̈k makana ic ace thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ kek te yïn tuany thïn.
On February 18, 2020, the first pathological analysis of COVID-19 demonstrated the desquamation of pneumocytes, hyaline membrane formation, and interstitial lymphocyte infiltration, and multinucleated syncytial cells in the lungs of a patient who died of the disease, consistent with the pathology of viral infection and ARDS and similar to that of SARS and MERS patients.
Aköl nïïn 18 pɛi Rɔu 2020, kën acï loi tueŋ alɔŋ COVID-19 acï nyuɔth lɔn ade ka dɛ̈l tɔ̈u puou nhom te ye kɔc wɛ̈i, ku te ye dɛ̈l cil thïn, te ye anyanya thɔ̈ɔ̈r guopic lui thïn ku jɔl a kuat käk tɔ̈u cuɛ̈ny raan cï tuany ku thuou rin tuany kën, la tueŋ köm ku ARDS thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ kek kɔc cï tuany SARS ku MERS.
The detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA via reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used as the major criteria for the diagnosis of COVID-19.
Te ye SARS-CoV-2 ŋiɛc thïn e riɛm raan ic ku te ye yen cɛth thïn (RT-PCR) e yen dhel cï luɔ̈i ku COVID-19 ya caath kɔc gup.
However, due to the high false-negative rate, which may accelerate the epidemic, clinical manifestations started to be used for diagnosis (which no longer solely relied on RT-PCR) in China on February 13, 2020.
Ku rin cï ke tuany jɔ̈t ic lueth, ku e ke lɛ̈u ku bï tuany cɔl ajuak rɔt, käk ye akïïm ke lui aacï ya luɔ̈i ku bï ke tuany ya ŋic (ku aace ben lui käk RT_PCR) pan China aköl nïïn 13 pɛi Rɔu ruon 2020.
A similar situation also occurred with the diagnosis of SARS.
Kë tɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ kën acï rɔt loi kek te ye SARS ŋiɛc thïn.
Therefore, a combination of disease history, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, and radiological findings is essential and imperative for making an effective diagnosis.
Mɛ̈n ic anyikɔ̈l tuany, käk ye akïïm gam, athɛ̈m ye looi ɣɔn ye tuɛnytuɛny tïŋ thïn, ku kä cï makana ye tuany caath luel aa path ku aa kɔc kony ku bï tuany rɔt ŋic.
On February 14, 2020, the Feng Zhang group described a protocol of using the CRISPR-based SHERLOCK technique to detect SARS-CoV-2, which detects synthetic SARS-CoV-2 RNA fragments at 20 × 10-18 mol/L to 200 × 10-18 mol/L (10-100 copies per microliter of input) using a dipstick in less than an hour without requiring elaborate instrumentation.
Aköl nïïn 14 pɛi Rɔu ruon 2020, akut Feng Zhang acï kɔc lɛ̈k ku bï CRISPR ya luɔ̈i tecït te cï SHELOCK yen luɛl thïn ku bï ke SARS-CoV-2 ya tïŋ, ku e SARS-CoV-2 tïŋ ke la 20 x 10-18 mol/L le 200 x 10-18mol/L (arak 10-100 litïr thiinyɔt) ku e wɛ̈nh ye kɔc them yen bï luɔ̈i kamthiin kɔr ke cïn kedït wïc thïn.
Hopefully, the new technique can dramatically enhance the sensitivity and convenience if verified in clinical samples.
ayeku tak, kën abï kɔc kony athɛ̈m ku ŋïny tuany te le yen kɔc cï kek them.
Due to the lack of experience with the novel CoV, physicians can mainly provide supportive care to COVID-19 patients, while attempting a variety of therapies that have been used or proposed before for the treatment of other CoVs such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV and other viral diseases (Table ​(Table2).2).
Rin cïn ye athɛ̈m cï rɔt guɔ looi kek CoV, akïïm aa kɔc cï luaŋ COVID-19 kony, ku lɔ̈k kɔc lui wäl bï tuany CoV ya dem cïmen SARS-CoV ku MERS-CoV ku jal a tuɛnytuɛny käm kök (agït (agït2)2).
These therapies include current and potential treatments with antiviral drugs, immunosuppressants, steroids, plasma from recovered patients, Chinese medicine, and psychological support.
Wɛ̈l kä aala iic wal thɔ̈ɔ̈r kek kämm, wɛɛl e tuɔm, riɛm ten kɔc cï ŋuɛ̈n tuany, wɛɛl pan China, ku kuony ye kɔc wɛ̈t nhïïm.
Even plasma from recovered patients was proposed to be used for treatment.
Kuat riɛm cï nyai ten kɔc cï ŋuɛ̈n ecï luel ku bï luɔ̈i bï kɔc ya dem.
Pharmaceutical companies are racing to develop antibodies and vaccines against the virus.
Kɔc lui wal aa wɛ̈r ku bï wäl kɔc tiit gup ku wäl e köm kën lac yɔ̈k.
SARS-CoV-2 mainly attacks the lungs in the beginning and probably also attacks, to a lesser degree, other organs that express ACE2, such as the gastrointestinal system and the kidneys.
E cuɛ̈ny yen ye SARS-CoV-2 lac dom, ku e aa bɛ̈k guop la iic ACE2 dom, cïmen cïïn ku ruɔk.
Nevertheless, respiratory dysfunction and failure are the major threat to the patients and the major cause of death.
Löny puou ku kën cïn yen kën lui e yen kɔc tuany riäc ku e yen e kɔc juëc thou.
Thus, respiratory support is critical to relieve the symptoms and save lives and includes general oxygen therapy, high-flow oxygen, noninvasive ventilation, and invasive mechanical ventilation depending on the severity of the disease.
Kuony dït awïc ku bï kïït tuany nyai ku kony pïïr te bïï käk aliir juakic, te la ic aliir, käk ye kɔc ke wɛ̈i, ku makana wɛ̈i tecït të yïn tuany thïn.
Patients with severe respiratory symptoms have to be supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), a modified cardiopulmonary bypass technique used for the treatment of life-threatening cardiac or respiratory failure.
Kɔc tuany ke puoth apɛi aa lɛ̈u bï kek ya kony ku bïk naŋ aliir (ECMO), te ye kɔc wïc bï guɔ thou rin tuɛny puou kuony thïn wula te cï puou tuɛny.
In addition, the maintenance of electrolyte balance, the prevention and treatment of secondary infection and septic shock, and the protection of the functions of the vital organs are also essential for SARS-CoV-2 patients.
Ku dɛ̈t aya, mukmuk nhom käk guop thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ nhom, te eye gɛ̈l thïn ku elac kɔc cï tuany ku rɔ̈l, ku te ye käk guop tiɛt thïn aa path ten kɔc cï tuany SARS-CoV-2.
It has been known that a cytokine storm results from an overreaction of the immune system in SARS and MERS patients.
Käk jɔ̈ɔ̈r yäc ic aa rɔ̈t jɔk te cï te ye guop lui thïn kɔc cï tuany SARS ku MERS nhom liääp.
Cytokine storm is a form of systemic inflammatory response featured by the release of a series of cytokines including TNFα, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IFNα, IFNβ, IFNγ, and MCP-1.
Käk jɔ̈ɔ̈r yäc ic a kuat käk guop tuöc ic ku aa rɔ̈t mat kek käk kök jɔ̈ɔ̈r yäc ic cïmen TNFa, IL-1B, IL-2, IL-6, IFNa, IFNB, IFNɣ, ku mcp-1.
These cytokines induce immune cells to release a vast number of free radicals which are the major cause of ARDS and multiple organ failure.
Käk jɔ̈ɔ̈r yäc ic kä aa kek riɛm cɔl athöc käk juëc rɛ̈ɛ̈r path ku aa kek ARDS ku kä juëc kök tɔ̈u guopic cɔl awäc.
Immunosuppression is essential in the treatment of cytokine storms, especially in severe patients.
Immunosupression aye tuany käk jɔ̈ɔ̈r yäc ic dem, ku aa kɔc tuany apɛi aa kek ye yen luɔ̈i thïn.
Corticosteroids and tocilizumab, an anti-IL6 monoclonal antibody, have been used to treat cytokine storm.
Wɛl cɔl Corticosteroids ku tocilizumab, akut wal -IL6 guop tiitic, aayeke kä jɔ̈ɔ̈r guopic dem.
Other immunosuppression treatments for cytokine storm include the modulation of T cell-directed immune response; the blockade of IFN-γ, IL-1, and TNF; JAK inhibition; blinatumomab; suppressor of cytokine signaling 4; and HDAC inhibitors.
Kä kök ye looi ku bï ke te ye guop lui dem alɔŋ käk jɔ̈ɔ̈r guopic aala iic ke ye wɛ̈ric riɛm abaŋ T ku bï guop lui, gɛ̈lgɛ̈l IFN-ɣ, IL-1 ku TNF, shirka JAK, blinatumomab, kën käk jɔ̈ɔ̈r guopic nyuɔth 4; ku shirka HDAC.
Steroids, as immunosuppressants, were widely used in the treatment of SARS to reduce the severity of inflammatory damage.
Käm guopic, cïmen immunosuppressants, aake cï luɔ̈i ku bï ke SARS dem ku duk ka atuöc piny.
However, steroids at high dosages were not beneficial to severe lung injury in SARS and COVID-19 patients.
Ku thiäŋ cï wɛl thiɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ nhïïm akï tëtök tɔ̈u cuɛ̈ny kɔ̈u ten kɔc cï tuany COVID-19 kony.
Instead, they may cause severe side effects, especially avascular osteonecrosis, dramatically affecting the prognosis.
Anaŋ keye kä looi guopic, cïmen thuou ye yuɔm thuou, ku e ken bi yɔ̈k rac ic.
Nevertheless, short courses of corticosteroids at low-to-moderate doses have been recommended to be used prudently for critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Aci kuony cɔ̈k ku bï corticosteroids ya gam ke lik te raan tuany COVID-19.
At the time of writing, no effective antiviral therapy has been confirmed.
Kam agɛ̈t athɔ̈r kën, ke cïn wäl kɔc tiɛt gup wei acï guɔ gam ku bï ya luɔ̈i.
However, intravenous administration with remdesivir, a nucleotide analog, has been found to be efficacious in an American patient with COVID-19.
Te ye intravenous gam kek remdesivir, , nucleotide, ku acï yɔ̈k ke lui raan pan America tuany COVID-19
Remdesivir is a novel antiviral drug developed by Gilead initially for the treatment of diseases caused by Ebola and Marlburg viruses.
Remdesivir e wäl käm nɔ̈k cï Gilead cak ku bï Ebola ku käm Marlbug ya dem.
Later, remdesivir also demonstrated possible inhibition of other single stranded RNA viruses including MERS and SARS viruses.
Ku acï yɔ̈k lɔn lɛ̈u remdesivir yen ku bï käm tiɛt wei cïmen MERS ku SARS.
Based on these, Gilead has provided the compound to China to conduct a pair of trials on SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals, and the results are highly anticipated.
Gilead acï piny gam to China to bï wäl them ten kɔc karɔu cï tuany SARS-CoV-2, ku ke cï yɔ̈k e kɔc dɛt puoth.
In addition, baricitinb, interferon-α, lopinavir/ritonavir, and ribavirin have been suggested as potential therapies for patients with acute respiratory symptoms.
Wal cïmen baricitinb, interferon-a, lopinavir/ritonavir, ku ribavirin aaci; kek gam ku bï ke kɔc la kïït arɛm puou ya dem.
Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, liver damage, and other adverse reactions can occur following combined therapy with lopinavir/ritonavir.
Te cï lopinavir/ritonavir liäp, ka yïk ran yäc, kɔ̈r puou, aŋɔ̈ɔ̈k, cuɛ̈ny e riäk, ku kuat kä kith kök aa rɔ̈t looi.
The interaction of these treatments with other drugs used in the patients should be monitored carefully.
Te cï wɛl kä liäp kek wɛl kök, ka dhil cath apath ku bï tïŋ te bï kek lui thïn.
Plasma from recovered patients and antibody generation
Riɛm ten kɔc cï ŋuɛ̈n ku te lui wäl thïn guopic.
The collection of the blood from patients who recovered from a contagious disease to treat other patients suffering from the same disease or to protect healthy individuals from catching the disease has a long history.
Wɛ̈tden ku riɛm nyai ten kɔc cï ŋuɛ̈n ku bï ke kɔc tuany tuɛny tööŋ dem wula bï kɔc tiɛt gup wei ku bïk tuany cï dom ala anyiköl bär ic.
Indeed, recovered patients often have a relatively high level of antibodies against the pathogen in their blood.
Kɔc cï ŋuɛ̈n tuany aaye anyanya riɛm lui apɛi ku aa kök tɔ̈u riɛmic nɔ̈k.
Antibodies are an immunoglobulin (Ig) produced by B lymphocytes to fight pathogens and other foreign objects and they recognize unique molecules in the pathogens and neutralize them directly.
Anyanya guop aaye käk thɔ̈ɔ̈r kek käm immunolglobulin (Ig) guopic bɛ̈i ku bïk thɔ̈ɔ̈r kek käm ku kuat kä kök bɛ̈n guopic ku a käk tɔ̈u käm guop guɔ ŋic ku dum kä ke nyïïn piny.
Based on this, plasma was collected from the blood of a group of patients who recovered from COVID-19 and was injected into 10 seriously ill patients.
Ku rin kën, riɛm ecï nyai tën kɔc cï ŋuɛ̈n e tuany COVID-19 ku tom kɔc kä 10 cï tuany gup.
Their symptoms improved within 24 hours, accompanied by reduced inflammation and viral loads and improved oxygen saturation in the blood.
Kïït tuany aa dhuk piny tecït ten akäl tök thääu 24, atuöc e dhuk piny ku köm e ye ic tek ku aliir e ŋiɛc cath riɛm ic.
However, verification and clarification are necessary to propose the method for large-scale use before specific therapies are not yet developed.
Apath ku bï kaŋ caath ku thiëc kɔc juëc ku bïk dhɔ̈l bï ke wäl ya luɔ̈i ke wɛl kï guɔ guir.
In addition, given the therapeutic effects, some disadvantages associated with the plasma should be considered carefully.
Ten kuat ken rɔt looi te cï ran gäm wäl, kä rɛc kök bën kek riɛm aa dhil muk nhïïm apath.
For example, antibodies can overstimulate the immune response and cause cytokine release syndrome, which is potentially a life-threatening toxicity.
Cïmen, wäl guopic tiit ic e guop la thuör ic bei ku bï kïït bei raan guop, ku ken arac ten pïïr raan.
The concentration of antibodies in the blood is usually low, and the demand for the plasma is large to treat critically ill patients.
Luɔi ye wäl kɔc tiit gup lui riɛmic akɔr, ku riɛm awïc ku bï ke kɔc cï tuany apɛi ya dem.
It is difficult to develop and produce specific antibodies rapidly enough to fight against a global epidemic.
Aril ic ku bï wäl bï tuany cï wer pinynhom kën lac yɔ̈k ku bï luɔ̈i.
Thus, it is more critical and practical to isolate B cells from recovered patients and identify the genetic codes encoding effective antibodies or screen for effective antibodies against essential proteins of the virus.
Apath ku bï kuat riɛm B tën kɔc cï ŋuɛ̈n tek thok ku tïŋ wäl bï guop ŋiɛc tiit ic wula cɛɛth apath ye wäl nɛn yen path ku bï guop tiit ic ten käm.
This way, we can readily scale up the production of the antibodies.
Ku e dhel kën ka ok aa dhil wäl guop tiit lac bɛ̈i nhial ku bï lui.
TCM has been used to treat a variety of diseases in China for thousands of years.
TCM acï run juëc ku bï ke kuat tuany ya dem pan China.
However, its effects largely rely on a combination of multiple components in a formula that varies depending on the diagnosis of a disease based on the theories of TCM.
Tuany aye kaŋ detic tecït te cï yen ŋiɛc thïn ku e yen kɔc nyuöth käk bï kek liäp ku bï tuany rɔt lɛ̈u dem tecït te ye tiɛ̈ŋ yen käk pan aɣer TCM.
Most of the effective components remain unknown or are vague as it is difficult to extract and verify such components or their optimal combinations.
Käk juëc kök aa kuc kek wula aacï lui rin ril yen ic ku bï kä juëc yɔ̈k ku cɛɛth ke iic wula bï kek liääp.
Currently, due to the lack of effective and specific therapy for COVID-19, TCM has become one of the major alternative treatments for patients with light to moderate symptoms or for those who have recovered from severe stages.
Rin cïn yen wäl cï guɔ yɔ̈k ku bï ke COVID-19 dem, wɛl piiny TCM aacï ya kek ye luɔ̈i ku bï ke kɔc cï tuany la kïït thïïnyɔt wula kɔc cï ŋuɛ̈n tuany.
For example, Shu Feng Jie Du capsules and Lian Hua Qing Wen capsules were found to be effective for COVID-19 treatment.
Kapthuul Shu Feng ku Lian Hua Qing Wen aacï ke yɔ̈k ke lui bï ke COVID-19 ya dem.
Top cure rates in the treatment of COVID-19 patients were observed in several provinces in China that used TCM in 87% of their patients, including Gansu (63.7%), Ningxia (50%), and Hunan (50%), whereas Hubei province, which used TCM in only approximately 30% of its COVID-19 patients, had the lowest cure rate (13%).
Elac kɔc tuany COVID-19 acï them gɛth China juëc iic wɛl piiny TCM 87% kek kɔcken tuany, ku ala ic Gansu (63.7%), Ningxia (50%), ku Hunan (50%), ku tuany acï dhuk piny ke kor gen Hubei (13%), rin cï kek wɛl piny luɔi TCM tecït ten 30% kɔcken cï tuany COVID-19.
However, this is quite a rough comparison as many other impact factors such as the number and severity of the patients should be included in the evaluation.
Kën e thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ cï looi ku kä juëc kök abɔ nhial cïmen adat ku rɛ̈ɛ̈cde te kɔc tuany aa dhil ke mat cɛɛth ic.
On February 18, 2020, Boli Zhang and coworkers published a study to compare western medicine (WM) treatment alone with combined treatment of WM and TCM.
Pɛi rɔu aköl nïïn 18, ruon 2020, Boli Zhang ku kɔc lui kek yen aacï them ku bïk wɛl bɛ̈i tueŋ (WM) thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ kek wɛl piny (TCM) cï mat iic ku bï ke kɔc luɔ̈i elac rin cï WM ku TCM maat ïïc.
They found that the times needed for body temperature recovery, symptom disappearance, and hospitalization were remarkably shorter in the WM+TCM group than in the WM only group.
Acï yɔ̈k lɔn ka kam wïc ku bï atuöc guop dhuk piny, ku mär kïït e tuany, ku tɛ̈ɛ̈c raan pan akïm e kor akut WM+TCM ten akut WM.
Most impressively, the rate for symptomatic worsening (from light to severe) was remarkably lower for the WM+TCM group than for the WM only group (7.4% versus 46.2%) and the mortality was lower in the WM+TCM group than WM only group (8.8% versus 39%).
Akuut kärɔu aake cï tïŋ ku acï tïŋ lɔn kä kïït tuany (aala nhial bi la rɛɛ̈c ic) ku e tɔ̈u piiny tën akut WM+TCM ku akut WM etɔ̈u nhial (7.4% kek 46.2%) ku thuou e kor akut WM+TCM ten akut WM (8.8% kek 39%).
Nevertheless, the efficacy and safety of TCM still await more well-controlled trials at larger scales and in more centers.
Piath TCM ku ŋiɛc luɔide aŋuɔt them ku alui kɔc thïn ɣɔ̈ɔ̈n juëc iic.
It would also be intriguing to characterize the mechanism of actions and clarify the effective components of TCM treatments or their combinations if possible.
Apath ku bï te ye elac TCM wɛl piiny lui thïn wula bï dhɔ̈l ye kek lui thïn tetic apath te ye kek lui.
Patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 mostly experience great fear of the highly contagious and even fatal disease, and quarantined people also experience boredom, loneliness, and anger.
Kɔc cï kek yɔ̈k kela gup tuany wula kɔc cï cäk gup lɔn le kek COVID-19 aa riɔ̈c apɛi rin tuɛny rɛc, kɔc cï kek lel thook aa gup thiai, acïn ran rɛ̈ɛ̈r ke löm ku aa puoth riääk.
Furthermore, symptoms of the infection such as fever, hypoxia, and cough as well as adverse effects of the treatments such as insomnia caused by corticosteroids can lead to more anxiety and mental distress.
Kïït tuany cïmen juäi/atuöc, tuɛny cuɛ̈ny, ku ɣɔl ku kën raan yɔ̈k elac ic cïmen nïïn rac ye corticosteroids gäm ran alɛ̈u ku bï ran cɔl aye diɛr ku tuany nhom.
In the early phase of the SARS outbreak, a range of psychiatric morbidities including persistent depression, anxiety, panic attacks, psychomotor excitement, psychotic symptoms, delirium, and even suicidality were reported.
Wär puɔc SARS jɔk, tuɛnytuɛnny nhom la iic tɛ̈ktɛ̈k, diɛr, jiɛth puou, nhom liäp, kïït tuany nhom, nhom riɛr, agut näk rɔt aacï kek cal.
Mandatory contact tracing and quarantine, as a part of the public health responses to the COVID-19 outbreak, can make people more anxious and guilty about the effects of the contagion, quarantine, and stigma on their families and friends.
Yäp ye kɔc cï rɔ̈m kek kɔc cï tuany COVID-19 ku tɛ̈ɛ̈ŋ thok e kɔc cɔl ariɔ̈c ku e rɔt looi bï ciɛ̈t kek tuany tɛk piny, rin käk bï kek yɔ̈k yäpic, lɛ̈l lɛ̈l thok, ku jiɛ̈m guop kɔc la kɔc ci tuany.
Thus, mental health care should be provided to COVID-19 patients, suspected individuals, and people in contact with them as well as the general public who are in need.
Kɔc cï tuany COVID-19 aawïc bï kek ya jäm nhïïm agut kɔc ye kɔc puoth dak lɔn le kek gup tuany ku kɔc cï rɔ̈m ke kek agut kuat raan ebën.
The psychological support should include the establishment of multidisciplinary mental health teams, clear communications with regular and accurate updates about the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and treatment plans and the use of professional electronic devices and applications to avoid close contact with each other.
Kuɔny bï kɔc kony a dhil ic naŋ akut kɔc jääm nhiim tuany nhom, ku ye kɔc lɛk käk cï rɔ̈t ben looi alɔŋ SARS-CoV-2 ku te bï elac ya luɔi thïn ku te bï wɛ̈th ye kɔc lui ya luɔ̈i thïn ku bï kɔc cï ye thiääk.
Effective vaccines are essential for interrupting the chain of transmission from animal reservoirs and infected humans to susceptible hosts and are often complementary to antiviral treatment in the control of epidemics caused by emerging viruses.
Wɛl apath aa kɔc kony ku bï tuany cï jäl lääi gup ku le kɔc gup ku yen ke rɛ̈ɛ̈r thïn ku e kɔc kony bï wäl kɔc tiɛt gup wei tuɛnytuɛny ye bɛ̈i käm jɔɔk yɔ̈k.
Efforts have been made to develop S protein-based vaccines to generate long-term and potent neutralizing antibodies and/or protective immunity against SARS-CoV.
Acï them ku bï wäl la ic protin abaŋ S guir ku bï kɔc tiit gup SARS-CoV ku thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ riɛm kɔc gup.
Live-attenuated vaccines have been evaluated in animal models for SARS.
Wɛl aacï kek them lääi ye ke SARS yɔ̈k thïn gup.
However, the in vivo efficacy of these vaccine candidates in elderly individuals and lethal-challenge models and their protection against zoonotic virus infection have yet to be determined before a clinical study is initiated.
Kɔc wɛɛr ku bïk wal kɔc dït kony ku wäl kɔc nɔ̈k ku te ye kɔc rɔ̈t tiɛt wei tuɛnytuɛny lääi ku yen aŋuɔt kï guɔ yɔ̈k tey akïïm yen luel thïn.
This is probably because SARS died down 17 years ago and no new case has been reported since.
Ken e wɛ̈t cï SARS thou piny ruon 17 cï jäl ku tuany dɛ̈t ajal puoc cal.
In contrast, sporadic cases and clusters of MERS continue to occur in the Middle East and spread to other regions owing to the persistence of zoonotic sources in endemic areas.
Tuɛnytuɛny ku MERS aa ŋuɔt ke la tueŋ Middle East ku a cot rɔt bɛ̈ɛ̈i kök ye tuany läi kɔc dom thïn.
Vaccination strategies have been developed for MERS by using inactivated virus, DNA plasmids, viral vectors, nanoparticles, virus-like particles and recombinant protein subunits and some have been evaluated in animal models.
Dhɔ̈l ye kɔc cï tuany MERS tuom thïn aacï kek bɛ̈i nhial ku bï köm ya nɔ̈k, dɛ̈l DNA, wɛ̈th yeke riɛm ɣath guopic, käm ye cɔl nanoparticles, käm thii kor ku mɛ̈tmɛ̈tic miök ku kök tɔ̈u lääi iic.
The development of a safe and effective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 for non-immune individuals is an urgent and critical task for controlling the ongoing epidemic.
Aguir ku luɔi wäl bï SARS-CoV-2 dem yen e ke wïc emën ku te bï tuany kën gɛ̈l thïn bï kɔc cï gup ril dom.
However, it is challenging to overcome the difficulty because of the long period of time (averaged 18 months) needed for vaccine development and the dynamic variations of CoVs.
Ku yen acï käŋ cɔl aril iic rin kam dït wïc ku bï wal rɔt jäl yɔ̈k (pɛi 18) ku rin kuat CoV rɛ̈ɛ̈r thïn.
As a novel disease, COVID-19 has just started to manifest its full clinical course throughout thousands of patients.
COVID-19 acï nyuɔth lɔn wïc yen wal ten kɔc juëc cï ke dom.
In most cases, patients can recover gradually without sequelae.
Köl lök, kɔc tuany aŋuɛ̈n kecïn ke rɛc cï rɔt looi.
However, similar to SARS and MERS, COVID-19 is also associated with high morbidity and mortality in patients with severe cases.
Cïmen SARS ku MERS, COVID-19 e rɔt juak ku thuou e dït kam kɔc la tuany dïttet.
Therefore, building a prognosis model for the disease is essential for health-care agencies to prioritize their services, especially in resource-constrained areas.
Apath ku bï kɔc lui alɔŋ panakïm naŋ dhɔ̈l bï kä nhial ku bï kek buɔth iic ku tɛ̈u kä ke nhïïm loiloi ken iic, kä ken tɔ̈u ke kek të rɛ̈ɛ̈r kek thïn.
Based on clinical studies reported thus far, the following factors may affect or be associated with the prognosis of COVID-19 patients (Table ​(Table33):
Tecït te cï yen yɔ̈k, käkä aalɛ̈u ku bïk kɔc jɔ̈ɔ̈r wula aalɛ̈u ku bïk ya ka tɔ̈u tuany COVID-19 ic (Agït (Agït33):
Age: Age was the most important factor for the prognosis of SARS, which is also true for COVID-19.
Run: Aa run aa kek ye täu kɔc alɔŋ tuany cɔl SARS, ku e yen teded to COVID-19
COVID-19 mainly happened at the age of 30-65 with 47.7% of those patients being over 50 in a study of 8,866 cases as described above.
COVID-19 e rɔt looi ten ran la ruon 30-65 ke 47.7 tën kɔc tuany la ruon 50 le tueŋ tën akuën acï looi te raan 8,866 cïmen cï yen tetic.
Patients who required intensive care were more likely to have underlying comorbidities and complications and were significantly older than those who did not (at the median age of 66 versus 51), suggesting age as a prognostic factor for the outcome of COVID-19 patients.
Kɔc tuany wïc kuɔny dït rin kä ril cïk kek yɔ̈k aa kɔc cï dït (kam 66 kek 51), ku acï luel lɔn run aa kek COVID-19 cɔl kɔc atuany.
Sex: SARS-CoV-2 has infected more men than women (0.31/100,000 versus 0.27/100,000), as described above.
Moc wula tik: SARS-CoV-2 acï rɔ̈ɔ̈r juëc dom tën diäär (0.31/100,000 kek 0.27/100,000), cïmen cï ye tetic nhial.
Comorbidities and complications: Patients with COVID-19 who require intensive care are more likely to suffer from acute cardiac injury and arrhythmia.
Käk jɔ̈ɔ̈r ku käk ril iic: Apuolic ku bï kɔc cï tuany COVID-19 naŋ arɛm ke puoth ku jɔl a kɔ̈ɔ̈c puou.
Cardiac events were also the main reason for death in SARS patients.
Käk rɔ̈t looi puou aa kek thuou bɛ̈i kɔc tuany SARS gup.
It has been reported that SARS-CoV-2 can also bind to ACE2-positive cholangiocytes, which might lead to liver dysfunctions in COVID-19 patients.
Acï luel lɔn lɛ̈u bï SARS-CoV-2 rɔt mat kek ACE2 cholangiocytes, ku alɛ̈u ku bï cuɛ̈ny cɔl acï luikɔc tuany COVID-19 gup.
It is worth noting that age and underlying disease are strongly correlated and might interfere with each other.
Apath ku bï ŋic lɔn ade ka run ku jɔl a tuany ken ala kën ke räm kamken.
Abnormal laboratory findings: The C-reactive protein (CRP) level in blood reflects the severity of inflammation or tissue injury and has been proposed to be a potential prognostic factor for disease, response to therapy, and ultimate recovery.
Ke cï ɣɔ̈n ye kɔc them guop thïn luel ke cë ka path: Miök abaŋ C riɛm ic (CRP) a tuöc wula tëtök rïŋ kɔ̈u nyuɔth ku acï luel lɔn ye yen tuanny bɛ̈i, e wäl cɔl a lui ku cɔl aŋuɛ̈n.
The correlation of CRP level to the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 has also been proposed.
Kën CRP ku arɛm a tuany COVID-19 räm acï luel aya.
In addition, elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and creatine kinase (CK) may also help predict the outcome.
lactate dehydrogene (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ku creatine kinase (CK) aa lɛ̈u ku bïk ke bï rɔt loi nyuɔth.
These enzymes are expressed extensively in multiple organs, especially in the heart and liver, and are released during tissue damage.
Käk guop cɔl alui, puou ic ku jɔl a cuɛ̈ny aacï kek nyuɔth kam riëk räl.
Thus, they are traditional markers for heart or liver dysfunctions.
Ku keya, ala kɔc puoth guir wula te cï cuɛ̈ny lui apath.
Major clinical symptoms: Chest radiography and temporal progression of clinical symptoms should be considered together with the other issues for the prediction of outcomes and complications of COVID-19.
Kïït ye kek lac tïŋ panakïm: Arɛm puou ku la tueŋ kïït cï kek tïŋ panakïm aa lɛ̈u ku bï kek gam kek kä kök ku bï ke käk rɔ̈t looi thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ ic ku kä ril iic COVID-19.
Use of steroids: As described above, steroids are immunosuppressant commonly used as an adjunctive therapy for infectious diseases to reduce the severity of inflammatory damage.
Lui Asteroids: Cïmen cï yen tetic nhial, asteroids aye ke luɔ̈i ku bï ke atuöc tuany dhuɔ̈k piny alɔŋ tuɛnytuɛny kɔc la dom.
Since a high dosage of corticosteroids was widely used in severe SARS patients, many survivors suffered from avascular osteonecrosis with life-long disability and poor life quality.
Rin cï corticosteroids lui bï yiɛ̈k kɔc tuany SARS, kɔc juëc cï puoth aacï rem arɛm rïŋ ic e osteonecrosis kek bël ku pïïr rac.
Thus, if needed, steroids should be used at low dosage and for a short time in COVID-19 patients.
Ku na wïc kek, ka steroids aa dhil kek ya gam ke liik kam thiin kor ten kɔc tuany COVID-19.
Mental stress: As described above, during the COVID-19 outbreak many patients have suffered from extraordinary stress as they often endured long periods of quarantine and extreme uncertainty and witnessed the death of close family members and fellow patients.
Tɛ̈ktɛ̈k: Cïmen cï yen luel nhial, mɛ̈n wär jɔk COVID-19 rɔt, kɔc juëc tuany aacï rem apɛi rin cï kek ya lel thook kam bärkɔ̈u, ku wɛ̈t kuc kek yen ye nɛn bï kek puol, ku aacï kɔc tïŋ ke thou kɔc ruai ke kek ku kɔc ken tuany ke kek.
It is imperative to provide psychological counseling and long-term support to help these patients recover from the stress and return to normal life.
E ke path ku bï kɔc ya jääm nhiim ku kony kek kam bärkɔ̈u ku bï kɔc cï tuany kɔc ku bïk ŋuɛ̈n alɔŋ diɛ ku dhuk ke tecït ten ye kek pïïr thɛɛr.
According to demographic studies so far, COVID-19 seems to have different epidemiological features from SARS.
Tecït te cï yen kuɛn nhom thïn, COVID-19 acï thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ kek SARS.
In addition to replicating in the lower respiratory tract, SARS-CoV-2 can efficiently replicate in the upper respiratory tract and causes mild or no symptoms in the early phase of infection, similar to other CoVs that cause common colds.
SARS-CoV-2 e puön nhial e raan wɛ̈i cuök ku e la kïn tuany ye bɛ̈i wula acïn kïït ye ke nyuɔth jɔ̈kde cɔ̈k, cïmen kuat CoV kök kɔc yiɛ̈k juäi wum.
Therefore, infected patients at the early phase or incubation period can produce a large amount of virus during daily activities, causing great difficulty for the control of the epidemic.
Te puɔc tuany kɔc dom ka köm e rɔt juak akölaköl, ku e yen ye cɔl aril ic ku bï rɔt gɛ̈l.
However, the transmission of SARS-CoV was considered to occur when the patients are severely ill, while most transmission did not happen at the early phase.
SARS-CoV e kɔc dom te kɔc tuany apɛi, ku ace kɔc guɔ dom jɔ̈kde cɔ̈k.
Thus, the current outbreak of COVID-19 is much more severe and difficult to control than the outbreak of SARS.
Tuany COVID-19 aril ic ku arac ku acïn te ye yen rɔt gɛ̈l cïmen SARS.
Great efforts are currently underway in China including the lockdown of Wuhan and surrounding cities and continuous quarantine of almost the entire population in hopes of interrupting the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
Kä juëc apɛi aa loi rɔ̈t pan China ku aala iic thiɔ̈k cï bai thiɔ̈k bï ciɛ̈n ke lui gen Wuhan ku gɛth kök thiäk kek yen ku tɛ̈ktɛ̈k thok kuat raan ebën ku bï SARS-CoV-2 gɛ̈l bï rɔt cï tek piny.
Although these actions have been dramatically damaging the economy and other sectors of the country, the number of new patients is declining, indicating the slowdown of the epidemic.
Cɔk alɔn le yen ke cïk rac alɔŋ jiɛk bai ku ɣɔ̈n kök ye bai ke piir, adat kɔc tuany adhuk piny, ku aye nyuɔth lɔn dhuk tuany piny.
The most optimistic estimate is that the outbreak will end by March and the downswing phase will last for 3-4 months.
Aacï kɔc juëc lɔn bï tuany kɔ̈ɔ̈c pɛi Diäk ku wɛ̈t bï jal a kë cï thɔ̈k abï pɛ̈i kä 3 le 4 nɔ̈k.
However, some other experts are not that optimistic.
Kɔc juëc ŋic tuɛnytuɛny aacïk e gam e kën.
Paul Hunter, et al., estimated that COVID-19, which seems substantially more infectious than SARS, will not end in 2020.
Acï Paul Hunter, ran et al, luel lɔn ade ka COVID-19 ye tïŋ lɔn ye yen kɔc guɔ wär SARS, acï bï kɔ̈ɔ̈c ruon 2020.
Ira Longini, et al., established a model to predict the outcome of the epidemic and suggested that SARS-CoV-2 could infect two-thirds of the global population.
Acï Ira Longini, et al, thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ ic lɔn bï abaŋ tedït luaŋ SARS-CoV-2 tecït tën rɔu diäkic pinynhom ebën.
A Canadian group reported that SARS-CoV-2 was detected in both mid-turbinate and throat swabs of patients who recovered and left the hospital 2 weeks earlier, which indicates that the newly identified virus could become a cyclical episode similar to influenza.
Acï akut pan Canada luel lɔn ade ka SARS-CoV-2 ecï yɔ̈k ayïŋuar iic ku röl ic ten kɔc cï ŋuɛ̈n ku jiɛ̈l ka panakïm wudhbuɔ̈ɔ̈ kä 2, ku e yen be nyuɔth lɔn ye tuɛny kën kuat juäi.
However, promising signs have occurred in China based on the declining number of new cases, indicating the current strategies might have been working.
Ke cï looi aye nyuɔth pan China lɔn adat kɔc tuany adhuk piny ku aye nyuɔth lɔn lui kek.
Ebola was originally predicted to cause up to a million cases with half a million deaths.
Ecï thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ ic lɔn bï Ebola kɔc malion dom ku abaŋ malion ka bï thou.
However, via strict quarantine and isolation, the disease has eventually been put under control.
Ku rin cï kɔc lel thok ku mec ke wei kɔc löm, guɔ tuany rɔt gɛ̈l apath.
It is possible, similar to SARS-CoV, that SARS-CoV-2 might become weaker in infectivity and eventually die down or become a less pathogenic virus co-existent with humans.
Alɛ̈u bï rɔt lɛ̈u ku bï SARS-CoV cïmen SARS-CoV-2 abï ciɛ̈n riɛl ku abï thou piny ku acï ran bï bɛn dom.
A comparison of the epidemic of COVID-19 with that of SARS and MERS is provided below (Fig. ​(Fig.55).
Thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ cï COVID-19 thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ kek SARS ku MERS acï gam piny tën (Thura. (Thura.55).
SARS-CoV-2 is highly transmittable through coughing or sneezing, and possibly also through direct contact with materials contaminated by the virus.
SARS-CoV-2 ela kɔc gup te ɣɔl raan wula thïïm, ku aye yɔ̈k te cï yïn röm kek raan cï luaŋ e köm kën.
The virus was also found in feces, which raises a new possibility of feces-to-mouth transmission.
Köm kën ecï yɔ̈k cɛ̈th ic, ku tïŋ lɔn lɛ̈u bï jal cɛ̈th ic ku le thook.
A recent study on 138 cases reported that 41% of the cases were possibly caused by nosocomial infections, including 17 patients with other prior diseases and 40 health-care providers.
Akuën cï loi ic ran 138 acï luel lɔn ka 41% kɔc ci luaŋ iic aa kɔc ke luaŋ panakïm, ku aala iic ran 17 keye kɔc cï tuany tuɛnytuɛny kök ku ran 40 aa kɔc panakïm.
Thus, great precaution should be used to protect humans, especially health-care providers, social workers, family members, colleagues, and even bystanders in contact with patients or infected people.
Dhɔ̈l kä aa dhil luɔ̈i ku bï ke kɔc tiit, cïmen akïïm, kɔc lui luɔi bai, macthok, kɔc rɛ̈ɛ̈r kek yïn tën luɔi, agut kɔc kɔc tuany muk nhïïm wula kɔc cï luaŋ.
The first line of defense that could be used to lower the risk of infection is through wearing face masks; both the use of surgical masks and N95 respirator masks (series # 1860s) helps control the spread of viruses.
Ku bï tuɛny kën gɛ̈l, kɔc aa dhil cɛŋ alanh kɔt cï kɔɔc ye kɔc ke thok ku wum kum, alɛ̈th ye kɔc lui panakïm ku alɛ̈th ye kɔc wɛ̈i cɔl N95 (abaŋ # 1860s) e tuany gɛ̈l ku bï cï wer piny.
Surgical face masks prevent liquid droplets from a potentially infected individual from traveling through the air or sticking onto surfaces of materials, where they could be passed on to others.
Alanh ye kuöm kɔc thook e pïïu bën bei raan cï luaŋ thok gɛ̈l ku bï cï la aliir ic wula le la nyuc käŋ kɔ̈ɔ̈th te bï kɔc yen nyai thïn.
However, only N95 (series # 1860s) masks can protect against the inhalation of virions as small as 10 to 80 nm, with only 5% of the virions being able to penetrate completely; SARS-CoV-2 is similar to SARS-CoV in size and both are approximately 85 nm.
E alanh ye kuöm kɔc thook ku wum cɔl N95 (abaŋ # 1860) yen kɔc tit ku bï käm cï wɛt kɔc thook kä kor cïmen 10 le 80, ku tecït tën käŋ kä 5% ye lɛ̈u ku bï tem, SARS-CoV-2 athɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ guop kek SARS-CoV ku e tecït tën 85.
Since particles can penetrate even five surgical masks stacked together, health-care providers in direct contact with patients must wear N95 (series # 1860s) masks but not surgical masks.
alanh ye pat kɔc thook ku wum e cɔl N95 (abaŋ # 1860) e yen path ku bï kɔc lui panakïm ya cɛŋ rin käm kä aa lɛ̈u bï alɛ̈th kä dhïc luuric cɔk alɔn cï ke mat iic ku ace alɛ̈th ye kɔc ret ye lui.
In addition to masks, health-care providers should wear fitted isolation gowns in order to further reduce contact with viruses.
Akïm aa dhil cɛŋ alanh e pat ku thook ku wum, ku aa dhil alanh cï kɔɔc ke kɔc kum kɔ̈ɔ̈th bï ciɛ̈n te ɣɔ̈r ku ke tiɛt gup weil bï käm cï la ke gup.
Viruses can also infect an individual through the eyes.
Käm kä ala ran guop te le kek yï nyin.
On January 22, 2020, a doctor was infected with SARS-CoV-2 although he wore an N95 mask; the virus might have entered his body through his inflammatory eyes.
Aköl nïïn 22 pɛi Tök, ruon 2020, akïm ecï luaŋ tuɛny SARS-CoV-2 cɔk alɔn ciɛ̈ŋ yen alanh ye pat kɔc thook ku wum N95, tɛkde cï köm tɛ̈k ye nyin ku le ye guop.
Thus, health-care providers should also wear transparent face shields or goggles while working with patients.
Akïm aa dhil cɛŋ alɛ̈th ye kɔc tïŋ nyïïn thïn te lui kek.
For the general public in affected or potentially affected areas, it is highly suggested that everybody wash their hands with disinfectant soaps more often than usual, try to stay indoors for self-quarantine and limit contact with potentially infected individuals.
Tën kɔc rɛ̈ɛ̈r ɣɔ̈ɔ̈n cï luaŋ wula të wën ye yɔ̈k ciɛ̈t bi luaŋ aacï yɔ̈ɔ̈k ku bïk ke cïïn ya lɔ̈ɔ̈k thabun kuat dhaman thok ebën, ku bïk ya rɛ̈ɛ̈r ɣɔ̈ɔ̈t iic bï kek ke thook lel thïn ku cïk ben ya rök kek kɔc cï luaŋ.
Three feet is considered an appropriate distance for people to stay away from a patient.
Apath bï kɔc ya rɛ̈ɛ̈r te mec kek raan tuany tecït tën mïtïr tök.
These actions are effective methods to lower the risk of infection as well as prevent the spread of the virus.
Käkä aa dhɔ̈l lɛ̈u bï ke tuany gɛ̈l ku bï rɔt cï tek piny.
Although SARS-CoV-2 came as a new virus to the human world, its high homology to SARS-CoV as reported on 7 January 2020 should have caused high alert to China based on her deep memory of the SARS outbreak in 2003.
Cɔk alɔn cï SARS-CoV-2 bën keye köm yam ka ŋuɔt thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ kek SARS-CoV cïmen cï yen cal aköl 7 pɛi Tök ruon 2020 ku diët cï China lɛ̈k rin ke ŋic kä wär cï SARS jɔk ruon 2003.
However, not until 19 January 2020 did the director of the Center of Disease Control of Wuhan comfort the citizens by saying that the novel virus has low contagiousness and limited reproductivity from human to human and that it is not a problem to prevent and contain the disease.
Ku acï gäu agut abï jäl cal aköl nïïn 19 pɛi Tök ruon 2020 ran wat akut kɔc lui tën tuɛnytuɛny Wuhan ku aacïk luel lɔn ade ka tuany kën acïn ke ye looi raan guop ku ace jäl ran guop bï la tën randɛ̈t ku yen acï ic ril ku bï gɛ̈l ku cɔl akääc.
This message remarkably relaxed the alarm of the public, especially when the entire country was preparing for the Spring Festival, and the critical time was missed to contain the disease at its minimal scale in Wuhan.
Wɛ̈t kën acï kɔc cɔl aa dhɛ̈ɛ̈r ke nhïïm piny rin kɔc aa ke guir rɔt yan thɔ̈k ruon, ku akïc rɔt ben lɛ̈u in cï kɔc ke nhïïm guɔ ben wɛl tuany ic ku bï tek ic pan Wuhan.
The disease control agencies in China may take this hard lesson and make critical improvements in the future.
Kë ril kën abï akut kɔc lui tën tuɛnytuɛny pan China kony ku bïk rɔ̈t cɔ̈k piny akölciɛ̈n te ben këdɛ̈t rɔt looi.
For example, these agencies should be (1) more careful when making public announcements as every word counts to citizens and can change their attitude and decisions; (2) more sensitive and reactive to unusual information from clinics rather than waiting for formal reports from doctors or officials; (3) more restrictive to contain a potential epidemic at its early stage rather than attempting to comfort the public; and (4) more often to issue targeted and effective drills to increase the public's awareness about epidemic diseases and to test and improve the response system of the society periodically.
Akuut kä aa dhil (1) rɔ̈t aa guir apath te le yen ke wïc ka ku bïk cal rin kuat wɛ̈t ebën aye kɔc nyai ku alɛ̈u ku bï te ye kek rɛ̈ɛ̈r thïn ku tääkden war ic; (2) wïc bïk ke nhïïm aa täu ke cïk piŋ ic ku lɔc ke lui thïn tën lɔn bï kek tïït ke bï akïm wula bäny luel; (3) wïc bïk tuany lac ya gɛ̈l tën te puɔc yen jɔk tën lɔn bï kek kɔc ya dɛt puöth; (4) path bïk kɔc lac aa lɛ̈k ku them kɔc ku cɔ̈k kä te kɔc rɔ̈t tiɛt thïn akut ic.
The outbreak of COVID-19 caused by the novel virus SARS-CoV-2 started in the end of December 2019.
Tuany cɔl COVID-19 e jɔk rɔt ten tuany cɔl SARS-CoV-2 thɔ̈k pɛi Thiärkurɔu 2019.
In less than two months, it has spread all over China and near 50 other countries globally at the time of this writing.
Pɛ̈i kärɔu iic, go rot guɔ tɛk piny pan China ic eben ku gɛth 50 pinynhom ebën kam agɛ̈t athɔ̈rkën.
Since the virus is very similar to SARS-CoV and the symptoms are also similar between COVID-19 and SARS, the outbreak of COVID-19 has created a sense of SARS recurring.
Rin thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ köm kek SARS-CoV ku kïït e tuany aa thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ aya kam COVID-19 ku SARS, jɔ̈k cɔ̈k COVID-19 aye nyuɔth lɔn e yen SARS yen ŋuɔt la tueŋ.
However, there are some remarkable differences between COVID-19 and SARS, which are essential for containing the epidemic and treating the patients.
Ku keya, ala kä wääc kam COVID-19 ku SARS, ku aa kek path bï ke tuany gɛ̈l ku dem kɔc cï tuany.
COVID-19 affects more elderly individuals than youth and more men than women, and the severity and death rate are also higher in elderly individual than in youth.
COVID-19 aa kɔc cï dït aa kek ye lac dom ten riɛ̈nythii rɔ̈ɔ̈r juëc tën diäär, ku aa kɔc dït aa kek lac thou thïn tën riɛ̈nythii.
SARS has higher mortality than COVID-19 (10.91% versus 1.44%).
SARS ala iic thuɔu dïttet ten COVID-19 (10.91% kek 1.44%).
COVID-19 patients transmit the virus even when they are symptomless whereas SARS patients do so usually when they are severely ill, which causes much greater difficulty to contain the spread of COVID-19 than SARS.
Kɔc tuany COVID-19 aa köm tɛk piny cɔk alɔn cïn kek gup kïït e tuany ye nyuɔth ku kɔc tuany SARS aaye ŋic te cï kek tuany apɛi, ku e yen ye cɔl a ril ic ku bi COVID-19 rɔt gɛ̈l ten SARS.
This partially explains why SARS-CoV-2 spread much faster and broader than SARS-CoV.
Ku kën aye nyuɔth ye ŋɔ̈ ye SARS-CoV-2 rɔt lac tɛk piny ten SARS-CoV.
The regular RNA assay for SARS-CoV-2 can be negative in some COVID-19 patients.
RNA SARS-CoV-2 alɛ̈u bï yɔ̈k ke cï lui ten kɔc kök tuany COVID-19.
On the other hand, cured patients can be positive for the virus again.
Kɔc cï ŋuɛ̈n aalɛ̈u bï kek ben yɔ̈k ke la gup köm aya.
These findings dramatically increase the risk of virus spreading.
Ku kä cï kek yɔ̈k aa köm cɔl ajuak rɔt kek tek rɔt piny.
Given such rapid progress in research on COVID-19, several critical issues remain to be solved, as follows:
Cɔn alɔn cï COVID-19 kuen ku bï ŋic, ka ŋuɔ̈t la käkä kök ŋɔɔt ke kïc jaam iic, ku kek aa kïïk:
Where did SARS-CoV-2 come from?
Ye tenɛn yen bï SARS-CoV-2 thïn?
Although 96% genetic homolog was found between SARS-CoV-2 and two bat SARS-like CoVs, we still cannot conclude that SARS-CoV-2 is from bats.
Cɔk alɔn cï SARS-CoV-2 yɔ̈k ke thɔ̈ɔ̈ŋ kek tuɛny aliɛ̈k cɔl SARS cït kuat CoV 96%, acï lɛ̈u buk guɔ luel lɔn ade ka SARS-CoV-2 aye yɔ̈k aliɛ̈k gup.
What animal was the intermediate species to transmit the virus from the original host, say bats, to humans?
Ye län nɛn yen köm ɣäth kɔc gup, luel cïmmen aliɛ̈k le kɔc gup?