Abstract:
An exercise machine with a seat and two adjustable cranking mechanisms is disclosed. The first cranking mechanism has rotatable hand grips for grasping by the user&#39;s hands while the second cranking mechanism has rotatable pedals for engagement by the user&#39;s feet. This second cranking mechanism is located at a position vertically below the location of the seat, allowing the exerciser to use his or her body weight when pushing downwardly on the pedals. Additionally, each cranking mechanism is selectively adjustable to a plurality of exercise positions. This makes the machine adaptable to all exercisers regardless of their size and shape and permits the user to selectively vary the exertion required during the exercise.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to an exercise machine having rotatable hand and foot cranking mechanisms. More specifically, the invention discloses an exercise machine having rotatable hand and foot cranking mechanisms which includes a plurality of adjustable components to make the machine suitable for all users, regardless of their size and strength. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     
         ______________________________________PRIOR ART OF INTERESTNumber      Inventor         Issue Date______________________________________3,213,852   Lawson J. Zent   Oct. 26, 19653,964,742   Guido Carnielli  June 22, 19764,402,502   Gilbert E. Peters                        Sep. 6, 19834,423,863   Romulo A. Figueroa                        Jan. 3, 19844,842,269   Gwo-Ming Huang   June 27, 19895,104,120   Scott E. Watterson et al.                        Apr. 14, 1992D 191,792   James Maratta    Nov. 21, 1961D 305,347   Steve Wittenbrock et al.                        Jan. 2, 1990French 2 558 064       Andre Lechtzier  June 19, 1985______________________________________ 
    
     Exercise machines wherein both the arms and legs of a user produce a cycling movement about a crank shaft have been well known in the prior art. These machines allow the user to simultaneously exercise his or her upper and lower body. Important to the design of these machines is the ability to accommodate people of all sizes and strengths. Therefore, most, if not all, of these exercise machines include mechanisms allowing each user to manually adjust components of the machine to meet his or her particular needs. These adjustments usually concern either the height of the rotatable crank shafts in relation to the user or the distance of the rotatable crank shaft away from the user. 
     The prior art discloses many exercise machines with adjustable components. One such component is commonly an adjustable seat. Examples of machines allowing this type of adjustment are seen in the Zent patent and the Wittenbrock et al. patent. The Zent patent incorporates a stem attached to a seat or saddle. This stem has a telescoping arrangement with a tubular member, wherein the stem is slidably positioned within the tubular member thus allowing the seat to be raised or lowered. A bolt is used to lock the stem in the desired position. The Wittenbrock et al. patent includes a seat movable in the horizontal direction as it is selectively positioned along the length of a substantially horizontal runner. 
     Another exercise machine with a plurality of adjustable components is shown in the Carnielli patent. This patent includes seat and handle systems independently adjustable in both the vertical and horizontal directions with respect to the crank pedal system. The vertical movement of both the seat and the handle system of this invention incorporates a mechanism similar to that of the Zent patent. Both are movable by the use of telescoping posts. The horizontal movement of the seat employs an arrangement similar to that shown in the Wittenbrock et al. patent, as it is adjustably positioned along the length of a horizontal runner. The horizontal movement of the handle system is accomplished by a tubular member hingedly secured to a stationary member. A screw clamp is provided to secure the tubular member to the stationary member at the desired position. 
     Other inventions employing the use of a plurality of adjustable components can be seen in the Huang patent and the Lechtzier patent document. As with the Carnielli and Zent patents, both of these inventions utilize telescoping members to permit the movement of their seats and handle mechanisms. 
     An exercise machine which is sufficiently adjustable along the axis of the crank shafts, so as to span a greater width, is not shown in the prior art. Nor is there an exercise machine which permits the user to quickly and easily modify the radius of rotation of both the hand grips and foot pedals about their respective crank shafts. Such adjustments are topics of this invention and their advantage is in creating universality in the exercise machine to accomodate any user, regardless of the user&#39;s size and strength. 
     None of the above inventions and patents, taken either singly or in combination, is seen to describe the instant invention as claimed. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is an exercise machine with two adjustable cranking mechanisms and a seat. The first cranking mechanism has rotatable grips for grasping by the user&#39;s hands while the second cranking mechanism has rotatable pedals for engagement by the user&#39;s feet. This second cranking mechanism is located at a position vertically below the location of the seat, allowing the exerciser to use his or her body weight when pushing downwardly on the pedals. Although this pushing motion exercises the entire lower body of a user, it proves most effective for strengthening his or her quadriceps. Additionally, each cranking mechanism is selectively adjustable to a plurality of exercise positions. This makes the machine adaptable to all exercisers, regardless of their size and shape. Additionally, each modification in the configuration of the exercise machine correspondingly changes the required exertion required to conduct the exercise. 
     Accordingly, it is a principal object of the invention to provide an exercise machine which may be properly and comfortably used by people of all sizes and shapes. 
     It is another object of the invention to provide an exercise machine capable of being selectively adjusted to vary the level of exertion required during exercise. 
     It is another object of the invention to provide an exercise machine configured to particularly strengthen the quadriceps of a user. 
     It is a further object of the invention to provide an exercise machine having two axially adjustable crank mechanisms. 
     Still another object of the invention is to provide an exercise machine having two crank mechanisms, each with a selectively adjustable radius of rotation. 
     It is an object of the invention to provide improved elements and arrangements thereof in an apparatus for the purposes described which is inexpensive, dependable and fully effective in accomplishing its intended purposes. 
     These and other objects of the present invention will become readily apparent upon further review of the following specification and drawings. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the exercise machine of the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of the exercise machine of FIG. 1. 
     FIG. 3 is an enlarged side elevational detail view of the pin mechanism of the exercise machine of FIG. 1. 
     Similar reference characters denote corresponding features consistently throughout the attached drawings. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Referring now to the drawings, FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate an exercise apparatus 10 having a body with an upper portion 14 and a lower portion 16. A seat 18 is attached to the lower portion 16. A first crank mechanism 20 is rotatably attached to the upper portion 14 of body. As detailed in FIG. 2, this first crank mechanism 20 includes a first rotatable main shaft 22 which rotates about a first horizontal axis of rotation 24. Extending from the first rotatable main shaft 22 is a first pair of moment arms 26,28. Each of these first pair of moment arms 26,28, is attached to one end of the first rotatable main shaft 22. Additionally, each moment arm 26 or 28 is also connected to one throw of a first pair of throws 30,32. Each throw 30,32, is equipped with an L-shaped hand grip 34 or 36, which moves orbitally with respect to its throw 30 or 32. The L-shaped configuration of hand grips 34,36 allows the user to hold these hand grips 34,36 at two positions 38,40. 
     A second crank mechanism 42 is rotatably attached to the lower portion 16 of the body. This crank mechanism 42 includes similar components to the first crank mechanism 20. It has a second rotatable main shaft 44 which rotates about a second horizontal axis of rotation 46. There is a second pair of moment arms 48,50, extending from the second rotatable main shaft 44 and a second pair of throws 52,54 extending from the moment arms 48,50 respectively. Each throw 52 or 54 includes a pedal 56,58 for engagement by one of the exerciser&#39;s feet. Each pedal 56 or 58 moves orbitally with respect to its corresponding throw 52 or 54. 
     The second rotatable main shaft 44 is located vertically below the seat 18. This places the feet of the exerciser vertically below the approximate center of the exerciser&#39;s body weight. Therefore, if desired, the exerciser can utilize his or her body weight when exerting downward pressure on the pedals, 56,58. This is done by standing on the pedals, 56,58, in a manner similar to a bicyclist pedaling up a steep hill. In this position, the exerciser is not in contact with the seat 18. Pedaling is accomplished through repetitively alternating the majority of the user&#39;s body weight from one pedal to the other. As seen in FIG. 1, there is a handle 60 attached to the lower portion 16 of the body if the exerciser should desire to grip a stationary member as opposed to gripping the first crank mechanism 20. 
     One of the main features of the present invention concerns the flexibility of the exercise apparatus 10 to accommodate a multiplicity of users and allow for a variety of exercise positions. A plurality of components of the machine are independently adjustable, therefore permitting the user to tailor the configuration of the machine to his or her specific needs. 
     As can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, the preferred embodiment of the invention includes means for selectively varying the distance between the upper portion 14 and lower portions 16 of the body. The upper portion 14 of the body may be moved in the direction of line A--A and includes an elongated member 62. This elongated member 62 has a telescoping relationship with a corresponding elongated member 66 which extends from the lower portion 16. There is a pin mechanism 74 to prevent relative movement of telescoping members 62 and 66. This pin mechanism 74 is utilized throughout this invention and is generally depicted in FIG. 3. 
     This pin mechanism 74 is attached to the outer telescoping member 76 and includes a spring loaded pin 78. When the spring 80 is at rest, the pin 78 protrudes through the aligned holes 88,90 of each telescoping member 76,82. The pin 78 may be manually withdrawn from the aligned holes 88,90, thus leaving the telescoping members 76,82 free to slide relative to each other, so that hole 90 may be aligned with a different hole 92 to receive pin 78. 
     The ability to adjust the height of the first crank mechanism 20 allows the user to vary the exertion required to conduct the exercise. When the user is relatively new to exercises of this type, he or she can keep the first crank mechanism 20 at a vertical level equivalent to the approximate vertical level of their heart. As commonly known in the field of physiology, each incremental increase in the height of the first crank mechanism 20 above the heart corresponds to an increase in the difficulty of the exercise. Therefore, as stamina and strength improve, the user can increase the height of the first crank mechanism 20. 
     Additional flexibility in the positioning of the upper portion 14 relative to the lower portion 16 is obtained by the pivotal attachment of the elongated member 66 to the lower portion 16. As depicted by FIG. 1, this attachment allows the upper portion 14 to move in the direction along arc B--B. This elongated member 66 includes a hole 68 therethrough alignable with a plurality of holes 84 in the lower portion 16 of the body. A pin mechanism 74, as described above, is attached to the lower portion 16 of the body and secures the movement of the elongated member 66 relative to the lower portion 16. 
     The exercise apparatus 10 also includes means to adjust the length of each moment arm 26,28,48 or 50. As depicted in FIG. 2, the moment arms 26,28,48,50 of the preferred embodiment of the invention are angled at approximately 45 degrees from the vertical direction. Therefore, adjusting the length of any moment arm 26,28,48,50 affects the arrangement of the exercise apparatus in two manners. First, there is a change in the radius of rotation of each adjusted moment arm 26,28,48 or 50 about its respective rotatable main shaft 22 or 44. Second, depending upon which moment arm 26,28,48 or 50 is to be adjusted, the user can vary either the horizontal distance between the hand grips 34,36 or the horizontal distance between the pedals 56,58. 
     Of course, the angle of the moment arms 26,28,48,50 with respect to the vertical direction could be modified during manufacture. If the moment arms 26,28,48,50 were substantially vertical, changing the length of a moment arm 26,28,48,50 would affect the respective radius of rotation without altering the distance between either the grips 34,36 or the pedals 56,58. 
     The method employed to change the length of each moment arm 26,28,48,50 is similar to the method described above for altering the distance between the upper portion 14 and the lower portion 16. This method is depicted generally in FIG. 3. Each moment arm 26,28,48,50 includes two telescoping members 76,82. One of these telescoping members 82 has a plurality of holes 92 therethrough while the other telescoping member 76 has one hole 90 and a pin mechanism 74. Hole 90 aligns with one of holes 92 to receive a pin 78 which secures the relative movement of the telescoping members 76,82. 
     Additionally included in the present invention are means for axially adjusting both the first crank mechanism 20 and second crank mechanism 42. This axial adjustment is along the direction of line C--C and either increases or decreases the distance between each pedal 56,58 and/or each hand grip 36,38. The axial adjustment of the first crank mechanism 20 is accomplished by varying the length of each of the first pair of throws 30,32 while the axial adjustment of the second crank mechanism 42 is obtained by varying the length of the second rotatable main shaft 44. As the forces resulting from a user&#39;s legs are usually substantially higher than those forces resulting from the user&#39;s arms, the axial adjustment of the second crank mechanism 43 should be along its strongest component. Therefore, the second rotatable main shaft 44, which has a greater diameter and strength than the throws 52,54, was chosen to include the means for axially adjusting the second crank mechanism 42. As shown in FIG. 2, both the axial adjustment of the first pair of throws 30,32 and the axial adjustment of the second rotatable main shaft 44 are accomplished with the pin mechanism 74 and telescoping members of FIG. 3. As pointed out in FIG. 2, the second rotatable main shaft 44 comprises three members; one central member and two outer members each having a telescoping relationship with a different end of the central member. 
     One final adjustable component of the present invention is the seat 18, which also employs the use of telescoping members 76,82 and a pin mechanism 74. Here, the shaft 86 of the seat 18 telescopes into an opening in the lower portion 16 of the body. This opening is positioned at an acute angle with the vertical direction. Therefore, adjusting the shaft 86 in this opening simultaneously changes both the vertical and horizontal positioning of the seat 18. 
     It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the sole embodiment described above, but encompasses any and all embodiments within the scope of the following claims.