Abstract:
A multi-sealing, multi-locking and reopenable cup and lid assembly includes a cup that has an open circular mouth defining an interior locking groove and an undercut frustoconical sealing surface, and a resilient circular lid having a peripheral lip and a frustoconical sealing surface complementary to cup sealing surface. Insertion of the lid into the cup creates a snap-in lock of the lip in the locking groove and a liquid-tight seal between the sealing surfaces. Interrupted portions in the interface between the lid lip and the locking groove in the cup may be aligned by manual rotation of the locked lid for unlocking and easy removal thereof.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention pertains to closed plastic containers and, more particularly, to containers having a separate cup and lid which, when attached to close the container, provide a continuous seal and locked engagement. 
     Plastic containers are widely used for innumerable packaging functions. Flexible thin wall plastic containers are particularly attractive in food service and similar applications because of their light weight and low cost. Such containers are commonly made using thermoforming or vacuum forming techniques. There are many plastic resins which are suitable for these containers, including PET and polystyrenes. 
     When used as beverage containers or containers for other liquid food products, the cups are typically closed with a generally flat lid that snaps over the lip defining the mouth of the cup. The lid may be completely closed to prevent or inhibit leakage or may have openings or openable areas for access, as for a drinking straw. Snap-on lids or covers, though providing some protection against leakage and spillage, are not secure. These lids are quite easily inadvertently dislodged by the user and cannot provide a secure closure if the container is tipped over, much less so if it is dropped. 
     It would be desirable to have a container, such as a beverage cup and lid, in which the lid could be readily attached in a manner that provides a liquid-tight seal and also lock the lid against inadvertent opening. It would be desirable to have such a sealing and locking cup and lid in which the lid could be readily removed by the user if desired. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In accordance with the present invention, a sealed, locked and reopenable cup and lid assembly utilizes a cup that has an open circular mouth defined by an upper edge, an inwardly opening locking groove below the upper edge, and a frustoconical inner wall portion that extends downwardly and diverges outwardly from the locking groove; a resilient circular lid that is sized to be inserted into the open mouth of the cup and has an outer peripheral lip that is received with a snap fit in the locking groove in the cup, and a frustoconical sealing wall that extends downwardly and diverges outwardly from the peripheral lip and sealingly engages the frustoconical inner wall portion on the cup; and, interrupted portions in the locking groove and in the peripheral lip that are circumferentially spaced and rotationally alignable to permit removal of the lid. 
     Preferably, the locking groove is defined by a plurality of protrusions that extend radially inwardly from the upper edge of the cup and an annular horizontal cup wall portion positioned below and spaced from the protrusions. The outer peripheral lip of the lid preferably comprises generally horizontal upper and lower lip surfaces that are interconnected by a generally vertical intermediate lip surface. The protrusions have generally coplanar lower surfaces and the peripheral lip is captured in the locking groove by engagement of the upper and lower surfaces of the lip with the lower surfaces of the protrusions and the horizontal wall portion, respectively. The interrupted portions in the peripheral lip of the lid are in the form of recesses that correspond to the protrusions on the upper edge of the cup and permit reopening movement of the lid past the protrusions. 
     The frustoconical inner wall portion of the cup extends downwardly from the radially inner edge of the horizontal wall portion and forms with it an edge bead having a first diameter. The frustoconical sealing wall on the lid extends downwardly from the radially inner edge of the lower lip surface and forms with it a second edge bead having a second diameter greater than the first diameter. The second edge bead is adapted to override the first edge bead by lateral deflection in response to lid insertion and to resiliently return to provide the sealing engagement between the frustoconical sealing wall of the lid and the frustoconical wall portion of the cup. Preferably, the angle of divergence of the frustoconical wall portion is less than the angle of divergence of the frustoconical sealing wall. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a closed and locked cup and lid assembly of the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the assembly of FIG. 1 showing the lid ready for downward snap-in installation in the mouth of the cup. 
     FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the cup shown in FIG.  2 . 
     FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the lid shown in FIG.  2 . 
     FIG. 5 is a top plan view of the assembled cup and lid shown in FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the cup and lid assembly of FIG. 5, further showing rotation of the lid to an unlocked position. 
     FIG. 7 is a vertical section through the cup and lid assembly taken on line  7 — 7  of FIG.  5 . 
     FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional detail of a portion of FIG.  7 . 
     FIG. 9 is a further enlarged detail of a portion of FIG.  8 . 
     FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional detail taken on line  10 — 10  of FIG. 2 
     FIG. 11 is a sectional detail showing the resilient movement of the lid as it snaps into locking engagement with the cup. 
     FIG. 12 is a sectional detail taken on line  12 — 12  of FIG.  5 . 
     FIG. 13 is an enlarged detail taken on line  13 — 13  of FIG. 6 showing vertical removal of the lid from its unlocked position in the cup. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     A perspective view of an assembled cup  10  and lid  11  of a presently preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG.  1 . The cup and lid are preferably thermoformed of a suitable plastic material, but other molding methods may also be used. Further, any of the well known and commonly used thermoforming plastic resins may be utilized, including PET and polystyrenes. It is also contemplated that foam plastic may be utilized. Similarly, the gauge or material thicknesses may vary widely, dependent on factors well known and typically applied in the industry. 
     Referring also to FIGS. 2 and 3, the cup  10  includes a lower body  12  which, though shown in a smooth frustoconical shape, could as well be grooved, ribbed, or in any of the myriad shapes and designs producible in conventional thermoforming techniques. The cup has an open circular mouth defined by a rounded upper rim  14  terminating outwardly in a trimmed edge  15 . The rim  14  defines the upper edge of a cylindrical and generally vertical inner first wall portion  16  which is joined at its lower edge by an annular generally horizontal second wall portion  17  that extends radially inwardly from the vertical first wall portion  16 . The vertical first wall portion  16  is also provided with a series of circumferentially spaced locking protrusions  18 , each of which slopes inwardly and downwardly from the rim  14  to provide lead-ins  20 , the function of which will be described below. The locking protrusions  18  have generally flat lower surfaces  21  that are spaced vertically above horizontal second wall portion  17  and lie generally coplanar. The lower surfaces  21  of the protrusions  18 , the vertical first wall portion  16  and the horizontal second wall portion  17  together define a locking groove  22  for the lid  11 . 
     Joined to the inner edge of the second wall portion  17  and extending downwardly therefrom is a generally vertical inner third wall portion  23 . The circular edge defining the junction between the second and third wall portions  17  and  23  defines an edge bead  24 . The third wall portion  23  has a frustoconical shape that is outwardly divergent in the downward direction. The draft angle or angle of divergence of the wall portion  23  may, for example, be about 1.5°, but may vary considerably depending on the size and shape of the cup and the interfitting lid  11 . A horizontal fourth wall portion  25  joins the lower edge of the third wall portion  23  with the cup body  12 . 
     Referring also to FIGS. 4-7 and  10 , the lid  11  has a central body  26  and a compound peripheral lip  27  that engages the mouth of the cup  10  to lock the lid in place and provide the liquid-tight seal. The lip  27  includes an outermost horizontal upper lip surface  27  and a horizontal lower lip surface  30  interconnected by a generally vertical intermediate surface  31 . The inner edge of the horizontal lower lip surface  30  is joined to a frustoconical generally vertical sealing wall  32  that extends downwardly and diverges outwardly. The draft angle or angle of divergence of the sealing wall  32  may be, for example, 3° which is somewhat larger than the draft angle of the frustoconical third wall portion  23  of the cup. The lower edge of the sealing wall  32  is connected to the lid body  26  by an annular connecting surface  33 . The circular junction between the frustoconical sealing wall  32  and the annular connecting surface  33  defines an outer edge bead  34 . 
     When it is desired to secure the lid  11  to the cup  10 , the lid is placed in the mouth  13  (see FIG. 10) and pressed vertically downward. The compound peripheral lip arrangement  27  has a diameter greater than the minimum diameter defined by the locking protrusions  18  that extend inwardly from the upper first wall portion  16  of the cup. Thus, downwardly movement of the lid will cause resilient inward deflection of the lip arrangement  27  as the rounded edge  29  joining surfaces  30  and  31  passes over the lead-in surfaces  20  of the locking protrusions, as shown in FIG.  11 . Primary resilient deflection takes place in the lid because the cup is typically made of a heavier gauge material and is more rigid. However, some inherent outward deflection of mouth  13  of the cup may also occur. As the outermost edge of the upper lip surface  28  reaches the lower surfaces  21  of the locking protrusions, the entire lip  27  snaps into the locking groove  22  which is dimensioned so that upper lip surface  28  bears on the lower surfaces  21  of the protrusions and the lower lip surface  30  bears on the horizontal second wall portion  17  of the cup. Simultaneously with the downward movement of the lid over the lead-in surfaces of the locking protrusions  18 , the outer edge bead  34  at the bottom of the lid  11  engages the inner edge bead  24  at the top of the frustoconical third wall portion  23  of the cup. The lid outer edge bead  34  has a slightly larger diameter than the cup inner edge bead  24 . Resilient deflection of the lip  27  of the lid causes the outer edge bead  34  to override the inner edge bead and to move with a secondary snap-in movement under the inner edge bead, bringing the sealing wall  32  of the lid into sealing engagement with the wall portion  23 . 
     The interconnection of the lid  11  to the cup  10 , described above, results in a positive primary locking of the lip arrangement  27  of the lid in the locking groove  22  of the cup, a primary liquid-tight seal between the frustoconical wall portion  23  of the cup and the frustoconical sealing wall  32  of the lid, a secondary liquid seal between the lower lip surface  30  of the lid and the horizontal wall portion  17  of the cup, and a secondary lock formed when the inner edge bead  24  of the cup overrides the outer edge bead  34  of the lid as the frustoconical sealing surfaces  23  and  32  come into engagement. 
     The positive primary lock of the lid lip  27  in the cup locking groove  22 , as may best be seen in FIGS. 5 and 8, virtually precludes removal of the lid unless it is permanently deformed or torn. The lock and corresponding liquid-tight seal are capable of withstanding a significant drop impact with a filled cup without dislodging the lid or allowing the contents to leak. 
     However, because it may be desirable to remove the lid from the cup, an unlocking and reopening feature is also provided. The peripheral lip  27  of the lid is provided with recesses  35  that are spaced circumferentially to correspond to the positions of the locking protrusions  18  of the cup. The recesses  35  are defined by continuous recessed portions of the upper lip surface  28  and the intermediate connecting surface  31 . Thus, the recesses  35  extend partly into the lower horizontal lip surface  30 . When the recesses  35  are rotationally aligned with the locking protrusions  18  as shown in FIGS. 6 and 13, the lid  11  may be grasped and lifted vertically, restrained only by the interference fit between the frustoconical sealing surfaces  23  and  32 . However, vertical lifting movement of the lid overcomes the secondary lock as the outer edge bead  34  in the lid is deflected inwardly and passes the inner edge bead  24  in the cup. It should be noted that, while the recesses  35  are aligned with the locking protrusions  18  the lid remains in the closed position, the primary seal between sealing surfaces  23  and  32  remains fully operative and the secondary frictional locking engagement between these surfaces still provides good securement against inadvertent dislodgment of the lid. 
     In the presently preferred embodiment of the lid  11 , the body  26  is raised and has a generally flat top  37  and a downwardly tapering generally frustoconical outer wall  38  which joins at its lower edge to the annular connecting surface  33 . The outer wall  38  of the lid is provided with tactile depressions  40  for engagement by the thumb and fingers of the user to permit easy rotational positioning of the recesses  35  in the lid with the locking protrusions  18  for removal of the lid. Obviously, the lid could be provided with other tactile means for facilitating removal, including depressions in the flat top surface  37  or a raised handle also formed in that surface. Similarly, lids having other body shapes could also be utilized. 
     The lid  11  is readily snapped into full locking and sealing engagement with the cup without the need to first align the recesses  35  in the lid with the locking protrusions  18  in the cup, as is shown in FIG.  2 . Thus, no manual rotational prealignment of the parts is necessary and, when installed such that the lip  27  snaps directly under the protrusions and into the locking groove  22 , no rotation of the lid in the cup is necessary to assure that it is locked in place. The diameter of the horizontal upper lip surface  28  of the lid is slightly less than the inside diameter of vertical first wall portion  16  of the cup. This assures that the primary seal between frustoconical cup surface  23  and frustoconical lid surface  32  is undisturbed and permits rotation of the lid in the cup without undue frictional binding between the edge of lip surface  28  and the cup wall  16 . It will be seen, therefore, that primary sliding contact during rotation of the lid to the unlocking position is between the sealing surfaces  23  and  32 . 
     As mentioned above, sealing wall  32  in the lid has a draft angle that is slightly greater than the draft angle of the sealing wall portion  23  of the cup. This draft angle differential enhances the resilient spring force between the outer edge bead  34  and the cup sealing wall  23  to enhance the seal and to assure that any surface irregularities do not disrupt the seal. Although because of the inherent resilience of the parts, there is likely to be some direct surface-to-surface contact between frustoconical cup wall portion  23  and frustoconical lip sealing wall  32 , the primary seal is assured by the greater draft angle of lid wall  32  and primary sealing contact by the outer edge bead  34 . 
     By providing a lid  11  which is wholly contained within the mouth  13  of the cup  10  when installed, there is no free lid lip edge that can be inadvertently engaged or accidentally struck to dislodge the lid, a common problem in conventional cup lids that overlap the outside of the cup rim. The primary lock and sealing features provide excellent security against leakage and dislodgment of the lid if the cup is tipped, bumped or dropped. An inherent benefit of the snap lock of the lip  27  in the locking groove  22  is that it results in an audible “snap”. As a result, the person inserting the lid into locking engagement with the cup does not have to look when installing the lid to make sure it is locked in place. The audible snap is a clear indication of locking closure, providing a sense of security to both service personnel and customers.