Abstract:
A door security system for controlling access through a door of a secured area by controlling a lock status of an associated locking unit of the door. The system includes an operator that operates the locking unit of the door, a key pad, a magnetic card reader, and a contact activatable data port. A data processor is responsive to the magnetic card reader, the data port, and the keypad for controlling the operator. Each of the keypad, the magnetic card reader, and the contact activatable data port can manipulate the lock status of the locking unit of the door. The data processor further comprises link means for requiring multiple entries for implementing the lock status of the door.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION  
       [0001]     This application claims the priority of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/337,148 filed Jan. 6, 2003, which claims the priority of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/286,348 filed Apr. 5, 1999, which claims the priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/080,693 filed on Apr. 3, 1998. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002]     This invention relates to the field of electronic door locks. More particularly, this invention relates to a multiple reader stand-alone door lock system for securing a door.  
         [0003]     It is known in the field of electronic door locks to use a stand-alone electrically controlled lock to secure the door to a door frame. Such locks typically employ a system that compares stored valid user codes to an access code which is entered by a person seeking entry to the secured area. Such access code systems have generally used a single code reader device, such as a keypad or a card reader, for receiving the access code.  
         [0004]     Electrically controlled door locks have found acceptance in business and university settings. For example, a door lock system may secure a dormitory room. Each resident of the room is issued an individual valid access code for the particular lock that secures their room. For safety and maintenance reasons, it is also required that the security and maintenance departments be able to access the dormitory rooms. Therefore, personnel from these departments are issued access codes for the door locks. Due to the large number of secured doors at a university, it is generally required that a single universal code be available to the safety and maintenance personnel to permit entry to large blocks of secured doors. Consequently, unauthorized personnel can gain entry to a large number of secured areas if the universal code is compromised.  
         [0005]     To better control and monitor access to the secured areas, it is generally preferred that the individual security and maintenance personnel each be assigned a unique universal code. As a consequence, an individual door lock system will unlock not only for residents of the dormitory room, but also for a large number of additional universal codes. The greater the number of valid codes for a particular doorway, the greater the possibility that random entry of access codes will release the lock. When a universal code has been compromised, all the doors within a block or on the system must be individually reprogrammed to delete the old universal code and enter a new universal code.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0006]     Briefly stated, the invention in a preferred form relates to a multiple access stand-alone electronic door lock assembly. The electronic lock assembly preferably mounts to a door having a latch which may be actuated by a handle or knob at either side of the door. The interior door handle typically actuates to release the latch under all circumstances. An electrically operated locking mechanism permits selective operation of the latch via the exterior door handle.  
         [0007]     The electronic lock assembly comprises a lock controller and multiple access code readers. The lock controller and the access code readers are powered from an on-board power source, such as a battery source. The lock controller is programmable and has an associated memory. The memory stores valid access codes for comparison with access codes entered into one of the readers.  
         [0008]     One of the readers is preferably a keypad. The keypad receives personal access codes. The second reader is an electronic touch entry key reader, such as a card reader. The third reader is an electronic magnetic strip reader. A computer data port for programming the lock controller or downloading audit trail information is also provided. The lock controller compares an entered user access code from one or more of the readers to corresponding valid user access codes stored in the lock controller memory. An appropriate comparison causes the lock controller to generate a signal to the locking mechanism that places the door in an unlocked state.  
         [0009]     In one preferred application for security systems having a large number of secured doors, such as a dormitory at a university setting, a student would be provided with either a card carrying a magnetic strip containing an access code or a personal access code for entry at the keypad for the assigned dormitory room. Security and maintenance personnel could obtain entry to blocks of rooms by use of the appropriate programmable data key. If an individual student&#39;s personal access code is compromised, only a single or a small number of locks require reprogramming with a new code in order to reestablish a secure environment. Any possible unauthorized entries would be restricted to a small number of secured areas. The small number of electronic keys held by security or maintenance personnel reduces the possibility of unauthorized entry.  
         [0010]     The door lock system further embodies power saving functions for the on-board battery power supply to permit extended operation of the door lock system. In particular, the lock controller has two operational modes, a sleep mode and an active mode. When the lock system is in the sleep mode, the lock system components place a minimal current draw on the battery source. Contact with the keypad, the electronic key reader device or the magnetic strip reader device transforms the lock controller from the sleep mode to the active mode. In the active mode, the lock controller scans the readers for an access code, processes the electronic inputs, generates various lock commands, and records appropriate data. A low current motor is employed in the locking mechanism to further conserve battery power.  
         [0011]     An object of the invention is to provide a new and Improved electronic door security system having enhanced security features.  
         [0012]     Another object of the Invention is to provide a new and improved electronic door security system which employs three different readers for obtaining access to a secured area.  
         [0013]     A further object of the invention is to provide a new and Improved electronic door security system which incorporates a keypad, an electronic key reader, and an electronic magnetic strip reader.  
         [0014]     Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the drawings and the specification. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0015]      FIG. 1  is an exploded isometric view, partly broken away and partly in schematic, of an electronic lock assembly in accordance with the present invention in association with a portion of a door, and a first latch assembly;  
         [0016]      FIG. 2  is an exploded isometric view of a portion of the electronic lock assembly of  FIG. 1 ;  
         [0017]      FIG. 3  is an exploded isometric view, partly broken away and partly in schematic, of the electronic lock assembly of  FIG. 1  in association with a portion of a door, and a second latch assembly;  
         [0018]      FIG. 4  is a schematic block diagram of the electronic lock assembly of  FIG. 1 ; and  
         [0019]      FIGS. 5   a  and  5   b  are a flow diagram of the main operating routine of the electronic lock system of  FIG. 1 . 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0020]     With reference to the drawings wherein like numerals represent like parts and steps throughout the Figures, an electronic lock assembly in accordance with the present invention is generally designated by the numeral  10 . The electronic lock assembly  10  is adapted for mounting to a door  12  ( FIG. 1 ). An electrically actuated lock  14  is mounted in a throughbore  16  in the door  12 . The lock  14  secures the door  12  via a latch  18  which engages a strike mounted to the door frame (not shown). For purposes of illustration, the door  12  has a secured or exterior side  20  and an unsecured or interior side  22 . The latch  18  is actuatable from either side of the door  12  by an interior handle  24  and an exterior handle  26 . The handles  24 ,  26  may assume various forms including levers, as illustrated, knobs or other well-known door hardware.  
         [0021]     The electronic lock assembly  10  has applications for a wide variety of doorway and lock set configurations including installations for mortise locks  28  ( FIG. 3 ), cylinder locks  14  and other electrically controlled lock assemblies. The Interior handle  24  is preferably free to release the latch  18  under all circumstances. An electrically controlled motorized drive unit  30  includes a motor  32 , as shown in  FIG. 4 , for operating the lock to selectively secure the latch  18  and thereby prevent the exterior handle  26  from actuating the latch  18  for release.  
         [0022]     With reference to  FIGS. 1, 2  and  3 , the electronic lock assembly  10  comprises an exterior subassembly  34  which mounts against the exterior side  20  of the door  12  and a cooperative interior subassembly  36  which mounts against the interior side  22  of the door  12 . Communication wires  38  carry electrical signals between the exterior subassembly  34  and the interior subassembly  36 . A key operated lock cylinder  40  mounted in the exterior subassembly  34  provides a means of mechanically overriding the electronic lock controls described below.  
         [0023]     With reference to  FIG. 2 , the exterior subassembly  34  includes an input console which incorporates three (3) different types of access code readers  42 ,  44 ,  46 , as explained below. The access code readers  42 ,  44 ,  46  are supported within a case  48  constructed of a tamper resistant material which is fastened to the door  12  by conventional fasteners  50 . Anti-tamper plugs (not shown) may be mounted over the fasteners  50  to prevent unauthorized removal of the exterior subassembly  34  from the door  12 . With reference to  FIGS. 1 and 3 , the interior subassembly  36  has a mounting plate  52  and a cover  54 . The mounting plate  52  is secured to the interior side  22  of the door  12  by fasteners  56 , preferably wood screws. The cover  54  is mounted to the mounting plate  52  by screws  58  threadably engaging the studs  60  affixed to the mounting plate  52 .  
         [0024]     The access code readers preferably include an externally accessible keypad  42 , a contact activatable reader  44  for electronically reading data stored in a programmable data key (TEK)  62 , such as a Locknectics TouchEntry™ data key, and a contact activatable reader  46  for reading data stored on a magnetic strip  72  which is carried on the edge portion of a card  64  (mag card). The apparatus and method for storing data on a data key or in a magnetic strip is well known In the industry.  
         [0025]     The data key reader  44  ( FIG. 2 ) includes first and second contacts  66 ,  68  for contacting a ROM chip  70  carried on the data key  62  and providing a signal path therebetween. The first contact  66  defines a horizontal conducting surface which contacts with the generally planar surface of the bottom of a first type of ROM chip  70  which is typically carried on a data key  62 . The second contact  68  defines a vertical conducting surface on the side of the contact  68  for contacting a second type of ROM chip  70  which is typically carried on a data key  62 . A first locating shoulder  74  is coaxial with the first contact  66  has a radius substantially equal to the radius of the first type of ROM chip  70  and a second shoulder  76  is coaxially positioned around the second contact  68  and has a radius substantially equal to that of the outer radius of the second type of ROM chip  70 . The shoulders  74 ,  76  locate the respective ROM chip  70  in conducting contact with the conducting surface of the contact  66 ,  68 .  
         [0026]     Each contact  66 ,  68  defines a corresponding jack opening  78  for receiving male plug-in jacks from a computer. The conducting surfaces of the first and second contacts  66 ,  68  are conductively connected to the computer jack opening  78 . Consequently, the data key reader  44  accepts not only access code input through the contact activatable dataport, but also functions as a communication port to facilitate programming of the electronic lock assembly  10  and downloading audit trail data via a computer.  
         [0027]     The mounting plate  52  of the interior subassembly  36  supports a lock controller  80 , a power source  82 , and four pushbuttons  84 ,  86 ,  88 ,  90 . The power source  82  for the electronic lock assembly  10  is a set of batteries mounted to the mounting plate  52  by battery holders. S The lock (LOCK)  84 , unlock (UNLOCK)  86 , clear memory (CLR MEM)  88  and initiate program (INIT PROG)  90  push buttons provide signals which are received by the lock controller  80  as explained below. Generally, the cover  54  of the interior subassembly  36  must be removed to provide access to the pushbuttons  84 ,  86 ,  88 ,  90 . The lock assembly  10  commonly includes an optional “privacy” mode that is initiated by the LOCK button  84 , as explained below. In a lock assembly  10  having the privacy mode, the LOCK button  84  is accessible through the cover  54  to facilitate initiation of the privacy function.  
         [0028]     With reference to  FIG. 4 , the lock controller  80  is a programmable microprocessor driven system for controlling the lock via the electrical motorized drive unit  30  in response to access codes and computer commands entered at the readers  42 ,  44 ,  46 . The lock controller  80  comprises a microprocessor  92 , such as, for example, a Motorola 68HC750C9 microprocessor. The microprocessor  92  has an on-board memory  94  which can be programmed to store valid access codes and audit trail data. A real-time clock communicates with the microprocessor  92  to record the chronological history of each attempted lock/unlock event, including each mechanical key override, and the associated access code entered.  
         [0029]     The microprocessor  92  receives personal access codes and universal access codes from the readers  42 ,  44 ,  46  and compares those access codes to corresponding valid access codes stored in the memory  94 . If correspondence is found between an entered access code and a valid access code stored In the memory  94 , the microprocessor  92  sends a release signal to the drive unit  30  which actuates the low current motor  32  through a bidirectional motor driver  96  to place the lock in an unlocked state. The microprocessor  92  also generates signals to the LED Indicators  98 ,  100  indicative of lock status.  
         [0030]     An Important consideration for the stand-alone lock systems is low power consumption in order to obtain long battery life. The microprocessor  92  and other associated electronic components of the electronic lock assembly  10  are powered through a power supply circuit and power control  102  and an A/D converter  104 . In order to conserve battery power, the microprocessor  92  has two operational modes. The first passive mode, which is the normal state for the system, is a sleep mode wherein the microprocessor  92  and other components of the system draw a minimal current from the batteries. Each of the readers  42 ,  44 ,  46  and each of the push buttons  84 ,  86 ,  88 ,  90  provides an input to the “wake-up” circuitry  106  of the lock controller  80 . Upon the initial attempt to enter an input in one of the readers  42 ,  44 ,  46  or upon pressing one of the push buttons  84 ,  86 ,  88 ,  90 , the system powers up to an active mode in order to perform the lock and security functions. Power is further conserved by using a low current motor  32  of the drive unit for the lock  14 .  
         [0031]     The processing steps are illustrated by the flow diagram of  FIGS. 5   a  and  5   b  wherein certain steps are numerically identified. An initial contact at any of the readers  42 ,  44 ,  46 , push buttons  84 ,  86 ,  88 ,  90  or the communications port  78  generates a power-up command  108  and the lock controller  80  is initialized. Typically, the lock controller  80  is initialized by 1) Initializing the individual input/output (I/O) ports; 2) initializing and starting the computer operating properly (COP) timer; 3) setting the option register for extra RAM; 4) Initializing the keypad  42 ; 5) reading the type of master from the memory  94  and flagging same; 6) determining the presence of audit trail data (ATR) and flagging same; and 7) reading the lock electrostatic discharge (ESD) from the memory  94 , locking the door if the value indicates the unlocked, and resetting the value to indicate the locked status.  
         [0032]     The microprocessor  92  determines whether the mag card reader  46 , the data key reader  44 , the keypad  42 , the communications port  78 , the LOCK button  84 , the UNLOCK button  86 , the CLR MEM button  88 , or the INIT PROG button  90  was responsible for initiating the power-up command. If the microprocessor detects  110  the presence of a mag card  64  or a data key  62  or the closure of a key on the keypad  42 , the microprocessor reads the data  112  stored on the mag card  64  or the data key  62  or entered at the keypad  42  and performs a validation check  114  to determine whether the mag card  64  or data key  62  is valid or that the code entered at the keypad  42  is valid  
         [0033]     In the event that a key closure has occurred, a counter counts the number of keys that are pressed. If forty (40) keys are pressed without the entry of a code matching a valid code stored in the memory  94 , the microprocessor  92  locks out the keypad  42 . Allowing five (5) seconds to pass without pressing a key, or activating any of the other inputs, causes the microprocessor  92  to timeout and power-down to the sleep mode, erasing the keypad buffer and resetting the counter. If an entry code is entered at the keypad  42 , the code entered at the keypad  42  is compared  116  to a list of valid codes stored in the memory.  
         [0034]     In the event a data key  62  is detected  110 , the microprocessor  92  executes a subroutine to read the data  112  stored on the data key  62 . The microprocessor  92  generates a serial binary command signal to read key Identification information and to accept data from the key  62  within a pre-established time slot. The microprocessor  92  then validates  114  the data key  62 . The microprocessor  92  calculates the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) and compares it to the CRC read from the data key  62 . If the calculated CRC does not match the CRC read from the data key  62 , the read data is discarded and the data key  62  is ignored. If the calculated CRC matches the CRC read from the data key  62 , the key Identification information read from the data key  62  is compared to key identification Information stored in the memory  94 . If the stored key identification information does not match the key identification information read from the data key  62 , the read data is discarded and the data key  62  is ignored. If the comparison is positive, that is the stored key identification information matches the key identification information read from the data key  62 , the code read from the data key is compared  116  to a list of valid codes stored In the memory.  
         [0035]     In the event a mag card  64  is detected  110 , the microprocessor  92  executes a subroutine to read the data  1   12  stored on the mag card  64 . The microprocessor  92  generates a serial binary command signal to accept data from the card within a pre-established time slot. The microprocessor calculates the longitudinal redundancy check (LRC) and compares  114  the calculated value to the LRC read from the mag card  64 . If the calculated LRC does not match the LRC read from the mag card  64 , the read data is discarded and the mag card  64  is ignored. If the calculated LRC matches the LRC read from the mag card  64 , the data read from the mag card is compared to the master mag card stored in the memory. If the comparison is positive, that is the read data matches the stored master mag card, the data is not masked. If the read data does not match the stored master mag card, the read data is masked according to the mask stored in the memory, to eliminate data that is not required to operate the lock, and then the masked data is compared  116  to valid mag card data stored in the memory.  
         [0036]     After the microprocessor  92  verifies that the code entered at the keypad  42  or by a data key  62  or mag card  64  matches a valid code, the microprocessor  92  verifies  118  that the code is not a master code, which is used to allow access to the microcomputer for programming purposes  120 . If the code is not a master code, the microprocessor verifies  122  that the code has not expired. The codes which are entered at the keypad  42  or by a data key  62  or a mag card  64  can be set to expire, either on a calendar date or after a set number of uses. This feature provides the flexibility of limiting the access of specific security or maintenance personnel or limiting the access of all security or maintenance personnel to a specific secured area.  
         [0037]     If the code has not expired, the microprocessor  92  determines  124  whether the code provided by the data key  62  or mag card  64  is sufficient to actuate operation of the lock or whether a linked attribute, such as a personal Identification number (PIN), must also be entered at the keypad  42 . If a linked attribute is not required, a release signal is generated to the drive unit  30  for releasing the latch. If a linked attribute is required, the microprocessor initializes a timeout  126 , providing an upper limit on the time in which the PIN may be entered, and queries  128  the keypad to see if the PIN has been entered. If a PIN is not detected within the time limit set by the timeout, the data is discarded and the data key  62  or mag card  64  is ignored. If a PIN is detected, the PIN is compared  130  to valid codes stored in the memory  94 . If the PIN does not match a stored code number, the data is discarded and the data key  62  or mag card  64  is ignored.  
         [0038]     It is quite common for a number of students to share a room in a college dormitory. Generally, the mag card  64  assigned to each person sharing the room will contain identical code numbers. However, each person assigned to the room will be signed a unique PIN. Consequently, the microprocessor  92  must verify  132  that the PIN/mag card combination is a member of the set of combinations that is assigned to the occupants of the room. If the combination is a member of this set, a release signal is generated to the drive unit for releasing the latch.  
         [0039]     Should neither a key closure, a data key  62 , nor a mag card  64  be detected, the microprocessor executes a test  134  to determine if a computer is connected. When a computer is connected, the microprocessor  62  queries  136  the computer for an audit command. If the audit command is received, the microprocessor transmits  138  the audit trail report to the computer and logs  140  the time and date of receipt of the audit command. If an audit command is not received, the microprocessor  92  queries the computer for data. The computer may be used to update the list of valid codes stored In the memory. During external programming, all previously stored valid codes are deleted and the new codes are added to the memory. External programming may also be used to reset the date and time and to set/reset relock, nuisance and door propped delay times.  
         [0040]     The microprocessor  92  may also be manually programmed  120 . A master code entered at the keypad  42  or a master data key  62  or master mag card  64  initiates manual programming. A code number is entered to designate whether the manual programming is to change users, add users, delete users, change the master, change user and function, add user and function, delete a user, revise the firmware, program the relock delay, program system data keys or system mag cards, or program programmer data keys. The appropriate data is then added, deleted or revised. Tables 1a, 1b and 1c provide a listing of the function codes that may be used during manual programming.  
                               TABLE 1a                           Day/Night-Relay                   Function Code   Code   Release Mode   Code Type   Actual Function                   111   N/A   Default Delay′   Normal   Default release       113   N/A   Default Delay   One use   One-use default release       115   N/A   Default Delay   Lockout   Lockout       117   N/A   Default Delay   Double   Double default release       119   N/A   Default Delay   Normal   Default release       131   N/A   Default Delay   Normal   Default release       133   N/A   Default Delay   One use   One-use default release       135   N/A   Default Delay   Lockout   Lockout       137   N/A   Default Delay   Double   Double default release       139   N/A   Default Delay   Normal   Default release       151   N/A   Alt. Delay #1′   Normal   Alt. Delay #1 release       153   N/A   Alt. Delay #1   One use   One-use Alt. Delay #1 release       155   N/A   Alt. Delay #1   Lockout   Lockout       157   N/A   Alt. Delay #1   Double   Double Alt. Delay #1 release       159   N/A   Alt. Delay #1   Normal   Alt. Delay #1 release       171   N/A   Alt. Delay #2′   Normal   Alt. Delay #2 release       173   N/A   Alt. Delay #2   One use   One-use Alt Delay #2 release       175   N/A   Alt. Delay #2   Lockout   Lockout       177   N/A   Alt. Delay #2   Double   Double Alt. Delay #2 release       179   N/A   Alt. Delay #2   Normal   Alt. Delay #2 release       191   N/A   Toggle   Normal   Toggle release       193   N/A   Toggle   One use   One-use Toggle release       195   N/A   Toggle   Lockout   Lockout       197   N/A   Toggle   Double   Double Toggle release       199   N/A   Toggle   Normal   Toggle release       311   N/A   Default Delay   Normal   Default release       313   N/A   Default Delay   One use   One-use default release       315   N/A   Default Delay   Lockout   Lockout       317   N/A   Default Delay   Double   Double default release       319   N/A   Default Delay   Normal   Default release       331   N/A   Default Delay   Normal   Default release       333   N/A   Default Delay   One use   One-use default release       335   N/A   Default Delay   Lockout   Lockout       337   N/A   Default Delay   Double   Double default release       339   N/A   Default Delay   Normal   Default release       351   N/A   Alt. Delay #1   Normal   Alt. Delay #1 release       353   N/A   Alt. Delay #1   One use   One-use Alt. Delay #1 release       355   N/A   Alt. Delay #1   Lockout   Lockout       357   N/A   Alt. Delay #1   Double   Double Alt. Delay #1 release       359   N/A   Alt. Delay #1   Normal   Alt. Delay #1 release                  
 
         [0041]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Day/Night-Relay 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Function Code 
                 Code 
                 Release Mode 
                 Code Type 
                 Actual Function 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 371 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Normal 
                 Alt. Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 373 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 One use 
                 One-use Alt Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 375 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 377 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Double 
                 Double Alt. Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 379 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Normal 
                 Alt. Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 391 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Normal 
                 Toggle release 
               
               
                 393 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 One use 
                 One-use Toggle release 
               
               
                 395 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 397 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Double 
                 Double Toggle release 
               
               
                 399 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Normal 
                 Toggle release 
               
               
                 511 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Normal 
                 Default release 
               
               
                 513 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 One use 
                 One-use default release 
               
               
                 515 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 517 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Double 
                 Double default release 
               
               
                 519 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Normal 
                 Default release 
               
               
                 531 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Normal 
                 Default release 
               
               
                 533 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 One use 
                 One-use default release 
               
               
                 535 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 537 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Double 
                 Double default release 
               
               
                 539 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Normal 
                 Default release 
               
               
                 551 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 Normal 
                 Alt. Delay #1 release 
               
               
                 553 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 One use 
                 One-use Alt. Delay #1 release 
               
               
                 555 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 557 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 Double 
                 Double Alt. Delay #1 release 
               
               
                 559 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 Normal 
                 Alt. Delay #1 release 
               
               
                 571 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Normal 
                 Alt. Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 573 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 One use 
                 One-use Alt Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 575 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 577 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Double 
                 Double Alt. Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 579 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Normal 
                 Alt. Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 591 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Normal 
                 Toggle release 
               
               
                 593 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 One use 
                 One-use Toggle release 
               
               
                 595 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 597 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Double 
                 Double Toggle release 
               
               
                 599 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Normal 
                 Toggle release 
               
               
                 711 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Normal 
                 Default release 
               
               
                 713 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 One use 
                 One-use default release 
               
               
                 715 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 717 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Double 
                 Double default release 
               
               
                 719 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Normal 
                 Default release 
               
               
                 731 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Normal 
                 Default release 
               
               
                 733 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 One use 
                 One-use default release 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0042]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1c 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Day/Night-Relay 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Function Code 
                 Code 
                 Release Mode 
                 Code Type 
                 Actual Function 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 735 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 737 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Double 
                 Double default release 
               
               
                 739 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Normal 
                 Default release 
               
               
                 751 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 Normal 
                 Alt. Delay #1 release 
               
               
                 753 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 One use 
                 One-use Alt. Delay #1 release 
               
               
                 755 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 757 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 Double 
                 Double Alt. Delay #1 release 
               
               
                 759 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 Normal 
                 Alt. Delay #1 release 
               
               
                 771 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Normal 
                 Alt. Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 773 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 One use 
                 One-use Alt Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 775 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 777 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Double 
                 Double Alt. Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 779 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Normal 
                 Alt. Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 791 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Normal 
                 Toggle release 
               
               
                 793 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 One use 
                 One-use Toggle release 
               
               
                 795 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 797 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Double 
                 Double Toggle release 
               
               
                 799 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Normal 
                 Toggle release 
               
               
                 911 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Normal 
                 Default release 
               
               
                 913 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 One use 
                 One-use default release 
               
               
                 915 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 917 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Double 
                 Double default release 
               
               
                 919 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Normal 
                 Default release 
               
               
                 931 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Normal 
                 Default release 
               
               
                 933 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 One use 
                 One-use default release 
               
               
                 935 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 937 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Double 
                 Double default release 
               
               
                 939 
                 N/A 
                 Default Delay 
                 Normal 
                 Default release 
               
               
                 951 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 Normal 
                 Alt. Delay #1 release 
               
               
                 953 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 One use 
                 One-use Alt. Delay #1 release 
               
               
                 955 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 957 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 Double 
                 Double Alt. Delay #1 release 
               
               
                 959 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #1 
                 Normal 
                 Alt. Delay #1 release 
               
               
                 971 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Normal 
                 Alt. Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 973 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 One use 
                 One-use Alt Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 975 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 977 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Double 
                 Double Alt. Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 979 
                 N/A 
                 Alt. Delay #2 
                 Normal 
                 Alt. Delay #2 release 
               
               
                 991 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Normal 
                 Toggle release 
               
               
                 993 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 One use 
                 One-use Toggle release 
               
               
                 995 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Lockout 
                 Lockout 
               
               
                 997 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Double 
                 Double Toggle release 
               
               
                 999 
                 N/A 
                 Toggle 
                 Normal 
                 Toggle release 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0043]     Should neither a key closure, a data key  62 , a mag card  64 , nor a computer be detected, the microprocessor executes a test  142  to determine if one of the pushbuttons  84 ,  86 ,  88 ,  90  has been pressed and if so, which one. If the lock assembly  10  is in the locked state and the UNLOCK button  86  is pressed  141 , a release signal is generated  143  to the drive unit  30  for releasing the latch  18 . If the lock assembly  10  is in the unlocked state and the LOCK button  84  is pressed  145 , a lock signal is generated  147  to the drive unit  30  for capturing the latch  18 . Pressing the LOCK button  84  while the lock assembly  10  is secured or the UNLOCK button  86  while the lock assembly  10  is unsecured has no effect.  
         [0044]     The microprocessor  92  may be programmed by the entry of a function code to enable a privacy mode. With the privacy mode enabled, pressing the LOCK button  84  Instructs the microprocessor  92  to lockout the keypad  42 , the data key reader  44  and the mag card reader  46 . Entry of a valid code at the keypad  42  or by a data key  62  or a mag card  64  will not initiate generation of a release signal. Pressing the UNLOCK button  86  cancels the privacy mode, allowing normal operation of the lock controller  80  upon receipt of a valid code. Alternatively, the lock assembly  10  may include a position sensor  144  mounted in the door  12  that is activated by a magnet mounted in the door frame. Opening the door  12  activates the position sensor  144  to cancel the privacy mode. This ensures that the student is not accidentally locked out of the room if he does not manually cancel the privacy mode. The privacy mode may also be initiated or canceled by the use of lockout code, lockout data key or lockout mag card.  
         [0045]     When the lock assembly  10 ′ is installed with a mortise lock  28 , as shown in  FIG. 3 , the lock assembly  10 ′ may include a latch bolt position monitor  146 . The lock controller  80  monitors the position of the latch bolt  18 ′ via the position monitor  146  and automatically initiates the privacy mode whenever the latch bolt  18 ′ is in the extended (latched) position and exits the privacy mode whenever the latch bolt  18 ′ is in the retracted (unlatched) position. Alternatively, the lock assembly  10 ′ may include a manual switch  148  for initiating and exiting the privacy mode.  
         [0046]     The lock assembly  10  may utilize master data keys, master mag S cards, programmer data keys, system data keys, system mag cards, user data keys and user mag cards. These devices may be programmed at a lock system. To program the master data keys, master mag cards, and programmer data keys, the programming cycle is initiated by depressing the INIT PROG button  90  three (3) times  150 . The red LED  98  will come on to indicate that the lock controller  80  is in a programming mode. Each data key  62  and/or mag card is programmed by touching the data key  62  to a contact  66 ,  68  or sliding the magnetic strip  72  through the reader  46 . If more than thirty ( 30 ) seconds elapses before another data key  62  or mag card  64  is programmed, the lock controller  80  will secure the programming cycle and revert to the normal cycle.  
         [0047]     After each data key  62  or mag card  64  is programmed, the data that was programmed is checked to verify that the same data was not previously programmed into a different data key  62  or mag card  64 . If the microprocessor  92  determines that non-unique data has been programmed into a subsequent data key or mag card, the programming cycle is canceled, and the green LED  100  flashes an error code.  
         [0048]     System data keys and system mag cards may be programmed in a similar manner. The programming cycle is initiated by pressing and releasing the INIT PROG and CLR MEM buttons  90 ,  88  at the same time  152 .  
         [0049]     Since the lock assembly  10  does not use an external power source, the battery voltage is monitored and the lock controller  80  provides signals when the batteries approach the end of their useful life. The lock controller A/D converter  104  measures the battery voltage every time the lock is brought out of the sleep mode. When the battery voltage drops to a first predetermined level, a valid code entry will cause the red LED  98  to flash slowly nine ( 9 ) times before the microprocessor  92  generates a release signal. This indicates that there is a “low battery” condition and that the batteries should be changed.  
         [0050]     If the users ignore this signal, the batteries will discharge to a S second predetermined voltage level. This voltage level is selected to ensure that there is sufficient energy to unlock the lock at least one time. A valid code entry when the batteries are at this lower voltage level will cause the red LED  98  to flash quickly twelve times to indicate that there is a “low battery lockout” condition. While the batteries are at or below this voltage level, the microprocessor  92  will not generate a release signal unless a valid lockout code, lockout data key, or lockout mag card and a valid toggle code, toggle data key, or toggle mag card are used together to unlock the lock. The lockout code, lockout data key or lockout Mag Cared is used first to cancel the low battery lockout, and the toggle code, toggle data key or toggle mag card is used to release the lock. Since a toggle command causes the lock controller  80  to maintain the lock in an unlocked condition, the possibility that there will be insufficient power to unlock a secured lock is reduced. If the batteries are drained to a failure condition, the mechanical key override will unlock the lock.  
         [0051]     The lock assembly  10  is secured by operating the motor  32  in the counterclockwise direction for a predetermined period of time. Conversely, the lock assembly  10  is unsecured by operating the motor  32  in a clockwise direction for the same predetermined period of time. Generally this period of time is set for either 250 or 500 milliseconds. The lock is released while in the secured state (and not in lockout) with the receipt of a valid release code from the keypad, a data key  62  or mag card  64 . Lock release is indicated by flashing the green LED  100  during the relock delay period. When the relock delay period expires, the lock is secured, both LEDs  98 ,  100  are turned off, and the lock assembly  10  is placed in the sleep mode. The lock is toggled open while in the secured state (and not in lockout) with the receipt of a valid toggle code from the keypad, a data key  62  or mag card  64 . The toggle open state is indicated by turning the green LED  100  on briefly while the motor  32  runs. The lock is toggled closed while In the unsecured state (and not in lockout) with the receipt of a valid toggle code from the keypad, a data key  62  or mag card  64 . The lock assembly  10  is placed in a lockout mode by the receipt of a valid lockout code from the keypad  42 , a data key or a mag card  64 . Lockout freezes the lock assembly  10  in Its current state. While the lock assembly  10  is in a lockout mode, the receipt of a valid release code or a valid toggle code will cause the red LED  98  to flash twelve times.  
         [0052]     In summary, the lock controller  80  of the invention places the lock in an unlocked mode upon entry of a valid personal access code via the keypad  42 , a programmable data key (data key)  62 , a magnetic strip card (mag card)  64 , or a combination of either a data key or a magnetic strip card and a personal identification number (PIN). In large systems employing large numbers of the stand alone lock system of the invention, each door user would be given either a mag card having a unique code and/or a unique numerical code to be entered at the keypad that would permit authorized entry through a particular number of doors. For security and other personnel that require access through all doorways, these personnel would be issued data keys or data keys and a unique PIN.  
         [0053]     While preferred embodiments of the foregoing invention have been set forth for purposes of illustration, the foregoing description should not be deemed a limitation of the invention herein. Accordingly, various modifications, adaptations and alternatives may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and the scope of the present invention.