Abstract:
A motor vehicle door lock having a casing ( 1 ), a drive ( 2 ) and a fixing device ( 5 ) for the drive ( 2 ). The fixing device ( 5 ) has a receiving element ( 6 ) for the drive ( 2 ) and the drive is fixed in the receiving element ( 6 ) by the fixing device ( 5 ). The receiving element ( 6 ) is configured at least partly in a resilient manner and has a resiliently movable part ( 8 ), the receiving element ( 6 ) can be placed in a position that fixes or releases the drive ( 2 ) in the receiving element ( 6 ), preferably by elastic deformation. The fixing device ( 5 ) has an actuatable locking device ( 9 ). By actuating the locking device ( 9 ), it engages with the receiving element ( 6 ) and brings the receiving element ( 6 ) into a position by which retains the drive ( 2 ).

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
   This application is a continuation-in-part of International Patent Application PCT/EP2003/009049 which designates the United States of America. 

   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   1. Field of Invention 
   This invention relates to a motor vehicle door lock having a housing with a receiver for a drive and to a process for installing a drive in the motor vehicle door lock Here, the expression motor vehicle door lock includes all types of door, hood or hatch locks. 
   2. Description of Related Art 
   The motor vehicle door lock under consideration has a drive which can be a central locking drive, an auxiliary opening drive, a drive for switching between different lock states, or the like. Here, the drive can simply be a drive motor with a drive shaft or a combination of a drive motor, transmission elements and gearing. 
   Generally, it is such that the drive, in its installed state, is fixed by a mounting device in a corresponding receiver. Fixing can be performed clipping the drive into a plastic housing part, as is disclosed, for example, in German Utility Model DE 296 09 204 U1. German Utility Model DE 296 09 204 U1 shows a mounting device with a receiver which encloses the drive, here the drive motor with a drive shaft, on its ends. The receiver is made such that the drive can be inserted into the receiver for installation. To fix the drive, therefore to prevent the drive from sliding out, there is a cover which is used as a hold-down. The function of this hold-down can also be assumed, for example, by another housing part or the like. 
   The aforementioned approach is advantageous due to the especially simple implementation and by the possibility of being able to transmit especially high torques by the drive without the location of the drive in the receiver changing. 
   In any case, in the aforementioned concept, the problem is that a hold-down, specifically a housing cover or the like, cannot be omitted. This results in a drastic structural limitation for the installation space above the drive which must be fundamentally kept free at least in part for the aforementioned hold-down. This structural limitation is not compatible with the requirement for high compactness, and as a result, for high integration density. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   A primary object of the invention is to embody and develop the above explained known motor vehicle door lock such that, at an invariably high load capacity of the mounting device, there are no structural limitations for the installation space above the drive. 
   The aforementioned object is achieved for a motor vehicle door lock in accordance with invention by the receiver being made at least partially flexible, having a part that can be shifted into the fixing or releasing state, preferably, by elastic deformation. All of the holding force which may be required to fix the drive is now applied by the receiver so that a hold-down, cover or the like can be eliminated. 
   There are, of course, a host of possibilities for embodying and developing the teaching of the invention. In one preferred configuration, the undeformed receiver is already in its fixed state. Then, it is sufficient if, with actuation of the locking mechanism, the locking mechanism positively engages the flexible part of the receiver. If, in this case, a force or a torque from the drive acts on the receiver, the locking mechanism keeps the receiver in the fixing state. The locking mechanism, to a certain extent, represents a reinforcement of the flexible part of the receiver. This, among others, has the advantage in installation that, even when the locking mechanism is not actuated, a certain holding force is acting on the drive. 
   However, it can also be provided that, with the actuation of the locking mechanism, the locking mechanism engages the flexible part of the receiver in a non-positive manner, in this way deforms the receiver, and finally moves it into the fixing state. This can be advantageous especially when, in the installed state, the action of a force from the receiver on the drive is continuously required. 
   In one preferred configuration of the receiver, it has a bridge-shaped configuration which enables simple, material-saving and moreover flexible implementation. 
   The locking mechanism can be a slide with the actuation of the locking mechanism being provided by the displacement—actuation—of the slide in the actuation direction. The configuration should be especially emphasized such that the drive can be inserted into the receiver by an installation motion in an installation direction and that the actuating direction of the locking mechanism, especially of the slide, essentially corresponds to the installation direction of the installation motion. This leads to especially simple installation especially with respect to its capacity to be automated. 
   A pivoting locking mechanism can likewise lead to especially simple installation of the drive. 
   For further reducing the effort during installation, the locking mechanism, especially the slide, is fixed before installation in the unactuated state via a predetermined breaking point, preferably a film hinge or the like. When the slide is actuated, the predetermined breaking point breaks and enables further actuation of the slide. Thus, the slide, even before installation, to a certain extent, is a component of the motor vehicle door lock and need not be supplied separately for installation. 
   According to one further preferred embodiment, specifically that the mounting device is made in several parts with a receiver and a locking mechanism on the two end of the drive. This leads to an especially favorable distribution of the holding force between the two receivers. 
   As has already been explained above, the installation space above the drive with the described mounting device is fundamentally not subject to any construction limitations. This applies especially when the mounting device viewed in the corresponding direction is made flatter than the drive. Because the holding forces are accommodated completely by the receiver, a hold-down cover or the like for the drive is therefore not necessary; this can be implemented under almost all conceivable boundary conditions. 
   According to an especially economical version which is simple to produce, the mounting device is at least in part an integral component of the housing. Especially for housings which have been produced in an injection molding process this is particularly advantageous. 
   Finally, another teaching which acquires independent importance is a process for installation of a drive in a motor vehicle door lock. Here, it is important that in a single installation motion with a single installation direction both the drive is inserted into the receiver and then the locking mechanism is actuated. This process is especially suited for robotized installation. 
   The invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is a perspective view which shows the housing of a motor vehicle door lock before installation, 
       FIG. 2  is a perspective view of the housing of  FIG. 1  with an inserted drive and an unactuated locking mechanism, 
       FIG. 3  is a perspective view of the housing from  FIG. 1  with an inserted drive and actuated locking mechanism, 
       FIG. 4  is a side view of a receiver with a locking mechanism of the motor vehicle door lock from  FIG. 1 , 
       FIG. 5  shows a receiver with a locking mechanism according to a second embodiment, 
       FIG. 6  shows a third embodiment of a receiver with a locking mechanism, 
       FIG. 7  shows a fourth embodiment of a receiver with a locking mechanism, and 
       FIG. 8  shows a receiver with a locking mechanism according to a fifth embodiment. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
   The housing  1  which is shown in  FIG. 1  is designed for a motor vehicle door lock which has a drive  2 . The function of the drive  2  is not important here, it can be, for example, a central locking drive, an auxiliary opening drive, a drive for switching between different lock states, or the like. The drive  2  has a drive motor  3  and a transmission element  4 . The drive motor  3  and the transmission element  4  are shown in  FIG. 2 . 
   Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in  FIG. 1 , there is a mounting device  5  which has a receiver  6  for the drive  2 . A side view of the receiver  6  is shown in  FIG. 4 . As is also noted below, the mounting device  5  fixes the drive  2  in the installed state in the receiver  6 . 
   For clarification purposes, it should be pointed out that the mounting device  5 , in this embodiment, has two receivers, of which the receiver  6  shown in the foreground in  FIG. 1  will be used for explanation purposes. 
   The receiver  6  is made partially flexible here. The flexibility is a result of the shaping of the receiver  6  and the choice of its material. The receiver  6  has a rigid part  7  and a flexible part  8  which can be deformed or moved, preferably elastically, by the action of a force.  FIGS. 2 &amp; 4  show that the receiver  6  with the drive  2  inserted is hardly deformed or is not deformed at all and that the drive  2  can be released by elastic deformation of the flexible part  8  in  FIG. 4  to the left and can be removed from the receiver  6 . 
   The mounting device  5  has an actuatable locking mechanism  9  which is shown in  FIGS. 1 &amp; 2  in the unactuated state and in  FIG. 3  in the actuated state. In  FIG. 4 , the actuated locking mechanism  9  is shown by the dot-dash line. With actuation of the locking mechanism  9 , the locking mechanism  9  engages the receiver  6 , especially the flexible part  8  of the receiver  6 , and keeps the receiver  6  in the fixing state. In the illustrated embodiment, it is therefore such that the locking mechanism  9  keeps the receiver  6  in its essentially undeformed state which corresponds here to the fixing state. 
   However, it need not be such that the undeformed receiver  6  fixes the drive  2  in the receiver  6  the deformed receiver releases it. Instead, the undeformed receiver  6  can release the drive  2 , therefore to allow insertion and removal of the drive  2  without hindrance. Then, it is preferably provided that, with the actuation of the locking mechanism  9 , the locking mechanism  9  engages the flexible part  8  of the receiver  6  in a positive or non-positive manner and shifts the receiver  6  into the fixing state. As already explained, it is thus possible to ensure the continuous action of the force of the receiver  6  on the drive  2 . In particular, this is especially advantageous in order to prevent play between the receiver  6  and the drive  2 . 
   It should be pointed out that the unactuated locking mechanism  9  here can also interact with the receiver  6  as long as the above described action of actuation of the locking mechanism  9  is ensured. This is shown in  FIGS. 1 &amp; 2 . In  FIG. 4 , on the other hand, a version is shown in which there is no interaction between the locking mechanism  9  and the receiver  6  when the locking mechanism  9  is not actuated. 
   In the illustrated embodiment, the receiver  6  has a receiver surface  10  which is located, on the one hand, on the rigid part  7  of the receiver  6 , and on the other hand, on the flexible part  8  of the receiver  6 .  FIGS. 2 &amp; 4  show that the receiver  6  with the drive  2  installed via the receiver surface  10  essentially positively engages the drive  2  and that the holding force which may be necessary to fix the drive  2  acts on the drive  2  via the receiver surface  10 . 
   The receiver surface  10  here is made essentially cylindrical. Depending on the configuration of the drive  2 , the receiver surface  10  can be adapted accordingly in order to obtain positive locking which is as optimum as possible. In certain applications, it can also be advantageous to abandon the positive locking between the receiver  6  and the drive  2  and to provide a non-positive connection. 
   In this embodiment, the receiver  6  is made bridge-shaped, i.e., formed of a pair of uprights that are connected by a crosspiece. The receiver surface  10  is formed by a recess  12  which is located in the wall surface  11  of the bridge-shaped receiver  6 . In the drawings, the advantage of the bridge-shaped configuration of the receiver  6  is shown especially clearly, specifically that with minimum material cost optimum mechanical properties can be attained, furthermore high flexibility in the configuration being ensured. Instead of the aforementioned bridge-shaped configuration of the receiver  6 , other configurations are also possible. Here, reference should be made to the approaches known in the prior art. 
   The recess  12  here is open toward one edge  13  of the bridge-shaped receiver  6  and thus forms an inlet slot  14  for the drive  2 . For this reason, the recess  12  is made preferably at least partially funnel-shaped so that the drive  2  can be easily inserted via the inlet slot  14  into the receiver  6  and optionally elastic deformation of the flexible part  8  of the receiver  6  takes place automatically when the drive  2  is inserted. Here, the inlet slot  14  allows installation, in the drawings from top to bottom, here depending on the configuration of the motor vehicle door lock there can also be other directions. 
   The bridge-shaped configuration of the receiver  6  has a further advantage. By intentional weakening of the material, here by a slit  15 , it is easily possible to vary the flexibility of the flexible part  8  of the receiver  6 , especially to increase it. 
   One especially preferred configuration calls for the flexible part  8  of the receiver  6  to be made otherwise separately from the receiver  6 . For example, an inserted sheet metal clip with which especially a high holding force can be achieved would be possible here. 
   The configuration of the locking mechanism  9  provided in the illustrated embodiment, with a slide  17  which can be moved in the guide  16 , leads to especially simple installation. Here, the actuation of the locking mechanism  9  takes place by the displacement, therefore the actuation, of the slide  17  in one direction of actuation. The actuation direction shown in the drawings is from top to bottom. The advantage of this actuation of the locking mechanism  9  is that only one linear motion is required for actuation and thus automated installation of the drive  2  is further simplified. 
   In this embodiment, the slide  17  viewed in its actuation direction is made oblong. This can lead to especially favorable actuation forces with a corresponding configuration of the slide  17  and receiver  6 , for example, if deformation of the receiver  6  is to take place by the actuation of the slide  17 . 
   A series of possibilities for the guide  16  of the slide  17  is known from the prior art. The configuration is especially compact, on the one hand, and reliable, on the other, in which the slide  17  on the lengthwise side  18  is made T-shaped in cross section and can be moved in a guide  16  which corresponds to the T-shaped cross section. 
   Preferably, on its other lengthwise side  19 , the slide  17  has an actuating surface  20  which engages the receiver  6  when the slide  17  is actuated and keeps it in the fixing state. It can also be provided that, by actuating the slide  17 , the receiver  6  is moved into the fixing state, as was already explained above. Then, it is especially advantageous if the slide  17  viewed in the actuating direction is made wedge-shaped, and when it is actuated, deforms the receiver  6  accordingly. This is shown in  FIG. 5 . 
   At this point, it should be pointed out that, for the configuration of the slide  17 , numerous possibilities are known from the prior art. Reference should be made thereto. For example, in cross section, essentially round or roundish slides  17  are possible also. 
   At latest, the question arises here how the slide  17  is fixed in its actuated position. This can be accomplished, for example, in that the slide  17  when actuated is joined non-positively to the receiver  6  and is held simply by friction in the actuated position. 
   In a preferred configuration, it is furthermore provided that the slide  17  on the lengthwise side  19  has a shape and the receiver  6  a corresponding counter-shape, and that with actuation of the slide  17 , the shape and the counter-shape engage one another positively and/or non-positively. In particular, it is provided here that when the slide  17  is actuated, elastic deformation of the receiver  6  takes place so that the slide  17  can finally “snap” into the indicated positive locking. 
   Another possibility for fixing the slide  17  in its actuated position, which is shown in  FIG. 6 , is that the slide  17 , on a lengthwise side  18 ,  19 , has engagement elements  19   a  which, by actuating the slide  17 , mesh with counter-engagement elements  19   b  on the receiver  6  or on the guide  16  of the slide  17  and keep the slide  17  accordingly in the actuated position. These engagement elements  19   a ,  19   b  can be made, for example, as individual hook shapes, as pinions which run over the lengthwise side  18 ,  19  of the slide  17 , or simply as an especially rough surface. 
   Finally, it is provided that a lengthwise side  18 ,  19  of the slide  17  is outfitted with squeezing ribs  19   a  (shown in the encircled detail of  FIG. 7 ). When the slide  17  is actuated, the squeezing ribs  19   a  engage the receiver  6  or the guide  16  of the slide  17  and are deformed in doing so, such that the slide  17  is fixed in its actuated position by clamping. The configuration of the slide  17  with squeezing ribs is an especially simple and at the same time reliable version of mounting. 
   It can also be advantageous for the locking mechanism  9  to have not only a single slide, but two slides. This is the case in the receiver  21  which is shown in  FIG. 1  in the background. The receiver  21  also has a rigid part  22  here, in contrast to the receiver  6  however, two flexible parts  23 ,  24 . The locking mechanism  25  accordingly has two slides  1 ,  29  which each can be moved in the guide  26 ,  27  and which at the corresponding points of the receiver  21  can be caused to engage the receiver  21 . One advantage of the configuration of the locking mechanism  9  with two slides  1 ,  29  is that the symmetrical arrangement with the resulting symmetrical loading of the receiver  21  by the holding force which may be necessary to fix the drive  2 . Depending on the boundary condition, it can also be advantageous to assign additional slides to the locking mechanism  9 ,  25 . 
   For the configuration of the locking mechanism  9 , in addition to the aforementioned slide  17 , other advantageous alternatives are possible. One especially preferred configuration calls for the locking mechanism  9  to have a pivot flap and for the actuation of the locking mechanism  9  to be provided by pivoting—actuation—of the flap in the actuating direction. The flap is preferably a plastic angle which is pivotally suspended on a film hinge  30   a ,  FIG. 8 , or the like. 
   The installation of the drive especially with respect to the capacity to be automated is especially easy due to the configuration of the locking mechanism  9  with the described flap. Automated actuation of the locking mechanism  9  here can take place, for example, by a roller which rolls over the flap and pivots it accordingly. 
   The flap preferably has an actuating surface, when the flap is actuated, the actuating surface engaging the receiver  6  and moving it into the fixing state or keeping it there. The measures which have already been described for the slide  17  can be used to fix the flap in the actuated position. 
   The drawings show that the drive  2  can be inserted into the receiver  6  by an installation movement in an installation direction and that the actuating direction of the locking mechanism  9 , especially of the slide  17 , corresponds essentially to the installation direction of the installation movement. The aforementioned agreement of the installation direction and actuating direction is advantageous especially in automated installation in which, at this point, a single installation motion in a single direction is sufficient to insert the drive  2  into the receiver  6  and likewise to then actuate the locking mechanism  9 . This applies equally to the receiver  21  with the described locking mechanism  25 . 
   Further simplification during installation arises when the locking mechanism  9 , especially the slide  17 , before installation, is fixed via a predetermined breaking point  30 , that by actuating the locking mechanism  9  during installation, the predetermined breaking point  30  breaks and thus further actuation of the locking mechanism  9  is possible. The predetermined breaking point  30  here is implemented by a film hinge which is injection molded onto the guide  16 . This “temporary” fixing of the slide  17  leads to further simplification in installation since separate feed of the slide  17  is not necessary. 
   It has already been pointed out that, in this embodiment, the mounting device  5  has receivers  6 ,  21  with the corresponding locking mechanisms  9 ,  25 . As shown in  FIG. 2 , it is preferably that one receiver  6  acts on the front and the second receiver  21  acts on the rear flange  4  which is located on the drive  2 . However, it can also be that there are more than two receivers, for example, for lateral support of the drive  2 . This can be advantageous when an especially high holding force is necessary. 
   Furthermore,  FIG. 3  shows that the mounting device  5  with the drive  2  mounted and the locking mechanism  9  actuated, viewed in the installation direction, is made flatter than the drive  2  itself. This is possible by simply the receivers&#39;  6 ,  21  applying a holding force to the drive  2  and acting laterally on the drive  2 . A hold-down with a point of application of force on the top of the drive  2  is no longer necessary here. As a result, the installation space on the top of the drive  2  is free so that there are no construction limitations here. 
     FIGS. 1 to 3  show the housing  1  of the motor vehicle door lock, the mounting device  5  being at least partially an integral component of the housing  1 . The slides  17 ,  1 ,  29  cannot be regarded here as an integral component of the housing  1 , since they are only “temporarily” connected to the housing  1 . Preferably, the housing  1  is produced in an injection molding process so that implementation of the mounting device  5  is possible with minimum effort. Installation steps for “installation” of the mounting device  5  in or on the housing  1  are not necessary. 
   Another independent teaching relates to the housing  1  which is shown in  FIGS. 1 to 3  and which has the described mounting device  5  for the drive  2 . Reference is made to the statements above. 
   According to another independent teaching, a process for installation of the drive  2  in the motor vehicle door lock is important. That is, in a single installation motion with a single installation direction, both the drive  2  is inserted into the receiver  6  and also then the locking mechanism  9  is actuated. A robot gripper would be possible here which in a single linear movement first inserts the drive  2  into the receiver  6  and then by continuing the same movement actuates the locking mechanism  9 . 
   The described automated installation of the drive  2  can be done promptly and technically very easily. 
   Finally, it is pointed out that all the aforementioned statements regarding the receiver  6  and the locking mechanism  9  can be applied accordingly to the receiver  21  and the locking mechanism  25 .