Abstract:
A multi-media gaming printer. The multi-media printer may accept various kinds of voucher media, such as thermally writable medias, smart cards, or magnetic strip cards. The multi-media printer includes writing, reading, and erasing devices within the printer to manage and use the different types of media. In addition, the multi-media printer includes control logic and articulated printing mechanisms that prevent the multi-media printer from inadvertently manipulating a voucher in an inappropriate manner. The design of the multi-media printer is modular so that voucher media magazines may be replaced as needed.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
   This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/410,328, filed Sep. 12, 2002, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if stated in full herein. This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/654,521, entitled “REWRITABLE CARD PRINTER”, filed Sep. 2, 2003, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/640,495, entitled “PAPER MOTION DETECTOR IN A GAMING MACHINE”, filed Aug. 12, 2003, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/616,811, Entitled “GAMING MACHINE PRINTER”, filed Jul. 9, 2003, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/136,897, filed Apr. 30, 2002, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if stated in full herein. 

   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   This invention relates generally to gaming printers and more specifically to printers for use in cashless gaming machines that use vouchers. 
   The gaming machine manufacturing industry provides a variety of gaming machines for the amusement of gaming machine players. An exemplary gaming machine is a slot machine. A slot machine is an electro-mechanical game wherein chance or the skill of a player determines the outcome of the game. Slot machines are usually found in casinos or other more informal gaming establishments. 
   Gaming machine manufacturers have more recently introduced cashless enabled games to the market and these have begun to find wide acceptance in the gaming industry. Cashless enabled games are so named because they can conduct financial exchanges using a mixture of traditional currencies and vouchers. Typically, a cashless enabled game has a gaming printer to produce vouchers and a voucher reader that supports automatic reading of vouchers. To coordinate the activities of multiple cashless enabled games, one or more cashless enabled games may be electronically coupled to a cashless enabled game system that controls the cashless operations of a cashless enabled game. 
   When a player cashes out using a cashless enabled game coupled to a cashless enabled game system, the cashless enabled game signals the system and the system may determine the type of pay out presented to the player. Depending on the size of the pay out, the cashless enabled game system may cause the cashless enabled game to present coins in the traditional method of a slot machine, or the cashless enabled game system may cause a gaming printer in the cashless enabled game to produce a voucher for the value of the pay out. The voucher may then be redeemed in a variety of ways. For example, the voucher may be redeemed for cash at a cashier&#39;s cage or used with another cashless enabled game. In order to use the voucher in a cashless enabled game, the voucher is inserted into a voucher reader of another cashless enabled game at a participating casino and the cashless enabled game system recognizes the voucher, redeems the voucher, and places an appropriate amount of playing credits on the cashless enabled game. 
   Cashless enabled games have found an increasing acceptance and use in the gaming industry, both with players who enjoy the speed of play and ease of transporting their winnings around the casino and casinos who have realized significant labor savings in the form of reduced coin hopper reloads in the games, and an increase in revenue because of the speed of play. Practical field experience with printers used in cashless enabled games has illustrated that there are areas for improvement in the current printer designs and implementation. These areas in need of improvement include methods and means for printing and reading images on a variety of media using direct thermal, thermal transfer, smart card, magnetic media, and Radio Frequency technologies, and magazine type loading and unloading containers for new and exhausted media storage and/or replacement. 
   DEFINITIONS 
   For the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply:
     “Casino”—A casino in the traditional sense, or other place where gambling takes place.   “Slot Machine” or “Slot”—A casino electro-mechanical game of chance. A Slot Machine as it is known is a sub-set of such games.   “Game Voucher”—A media, such as paper, containing sufficient information to identify at a minimum, an amount of money and a validation number use to authenticate the transaction.   “Promotional Voucher”—A media, such as paper, containing sufficient information to identify at a minimum, a promotional event, a promotional reward to the player and validation information.   “Dot Impact Printer”—Also known as “Impact Printers” describe a printer which makes an image by striking an inked ribbon overlaid on plain paper with a small pin which essentially hammers the ink onto the paper to make a small dot. Impact printers, by their electro-mechanical nature, have a number of moving parts and make a characteristic grinding sound, such as the noise made by all older receipt printers.   “Thermal Printers”—A printer where paper with a heat sensitive side is imaged using a print head which applies heat in tiny dots ( 1/200th of an inch in size or smaller) in order to turn the area black. In this manner, all images are created by a series of tiny black dots. A widely known example of a thermal printer is the original fax machines.   “Thermal Transfer Printers”—A printer where a transfer ribbon is used to create images on the paper. The thermal print head, heats the transfer ribbon, in turn creating an image on the paper.   “Bill Acceptor”—A device which automatically accepts paper currency by scanning it and saving the paper currency within the machine. A coin change machine always has such a device on it, and more recently, so do all slot machines.   “Ticket Image”—The image(s) created on the paper by a common process of imaging dots on the paper.   “Smart Card”—A device that normally takes the form of a credit voucher size and contains electronic circuitry and an interface commonly known as a swipe interface as a means of electrically connecting to a reading device.   “Magnetic Media”—A device containing a magnetic stripe that is programmable and readable by sliding and/or placing the magnetic Stripe adjacent to a interface device, such as the magnetic stripe used on credit vouchers.   “Thermal Media”—A type paper with a heat sensitive side is imaged using a print head which applies heat in tiny dots ( 1/200th of an inch in size or smaller) in order to turn the area black.   “Thermal Reversible Media”—A type of paper or voucher containing a multi-stable thermal layer. This layer is stable in clear or opaque( black or other colors), depending on the amount of heat applied by the thermal print head.   “RF Fiber Media”—A type of paper or voucher containing Radio Frequency active elements that are grouped together in such a manner so as to provide information about the paper or voucher stock.   “RF ID Tag Media”—A type of paper or voucher containing a Radio Frequency circuit that can hold information and does not require a direct electrical connection as an interface connection.   “Write Once Media”—A definition referring to any media that can only be written on or imaged one time. Standard thermally active paper is an example.   

   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   A multi-media gaming printer is provided. The multi-media gaming printer can be integrated into a cash-less slot machine or promotional system in a casino that produces cash-out paper vouchers and/or print on demand player tracking card/vouchers capable of communicating with a game or a host. A multi-media printer may print, scan, encode magnetically and electronically, and otherwise interface with a wide range of media types. 
   In one aspect of the invention, The multi-media printer may accept various kinds of voucher media, such as thermally writable medias, smart cards, or magnetic strip cards. The multi-media printer includes writing, reading, and erasing devices within the printer to manage and use the different types of media. In addition, the multi-media printer includes control logic and articulated printing mechanisms that prevent the multi-media printer from inadvertently manipulating a voucher in an inappropriate manner. The design of the multi-media printer is modular so that voucher media magazines may be replaced as needed. In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains a means to print and scan the thermal images, not limited to barcodes, created on thermally reactive paper. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains means to interface to a “smart card” used in slot machines for the convenience of player identification, statistical information, playing credits and banking information 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains a means to interface with magnetic media for the convenience of player identification, statistical information, playing credits and banking information. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains means to interface with thermal reversible media used in slot machines to convey credit amounts and other information of interest to a player of slot machines. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains a means to interface with RF Fiber Media, the RF Fiber Media consists of radio frequency resonators, or fibers, that are randomly or pseudo-randomly placed on a carrying medium, the medium can be standard thermal paper or other suitable carrying medium, the collection of the resonators placed on the medium in the random manner form a relatively unique signature, the signature can be obtained by applying a electro magnetic signal, the signal typically in the radio frequency spectrum, as the signal is applied, each of the resonators produce a electro magnetic response to the signal, the response is received and the collection of all the responses form the signature, the signature either alone or in combination with other authentication means of game voucher and/or promotional voucher provide a increased certainty of the authentication. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains a means to interface with RF ID Tag Media, the RF ID Tag Media contains the means to allow information to be written and read electronically, the information is used either alone or in combination with other authentication means of Game Voucher and/or Promotional Voucher provide an increased certainty of the authentication. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains a means to provide a removable magazine type loading and unloading containers for new and exhausted media storage and/or replacement. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains a means to provide a removable magazine type loading and unloading containers for new and exhausted thermal transfer ribbons and/or replacement. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains a means to provide a slide in and slide out mechanism for removable magazine type loading and unloading containers for new and exhausted media storage and/or replacement. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains a means to provide a slide in and slide out mechanism for removable magazine type loading and unloading containers for new and exhausted thermal transfer ribbons and/or replacement. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains a means to print on write once media and scan the media to determine its content and write on the media repeatadly until the predefined writing zones are full, and the means to store the media inside of the multi-media printer for later retrieval. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains a means to store blank write once media and/or other media. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains a means to retrieve the blank write once media from the storage on demand and to print images on the media as directed by a game or a host. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains a cleaning system used to clean the print head and thermal reversible, smart card, or write once media. The cleaning system may be internal to the multi-media printer or may be a removable cartridge that can be placed in the multi-media printer for cleaning then removed after cleaning is complete. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains a means to provide an articulating print head mechanism. The mechanism is used to adjust for the differences in media thickness. The mechanism will automatically adjust to the required thickness of the media, the mechanism is normally held at a distance from the media, until the type of media is identified avoiding damage to the media and to the mechanism. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains a detection means to identify the type of media that is inserted into the multi-media printer by the player. The detection means may include a smart card detection circuit, using a reader for magnetic media, using a radio frequency circuit for RF ID tag media, using a radio frequency circuit for RF fiber media, using optical scanning and/or thickness measurement for thermal reversable media, and using optical scanning and/or thickness measurement for write once media. 
   In another aspect of the current invention, the multi-media printer contains an optical scanning or interrogation system. The interrogation system is used to determine the cleanliness of the media and therefore its suitability for continued use by the multi-media printer. Media determined not to be suitable for continued use is considered exhausted media and is set aside or stored for later retrieval and possible refurbishment by qualified personnel. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with regard to the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings where: 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a cashless gaming machine and system in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 2   a  is an illustration of a voucher in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 2   b  is an illustration of another portion of a voucher in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 2   c  is an illustration of another portion of a voucher having a static memory in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIGS. 3   a  to  3   d  illustrate a sequence of using a voucher having multiple printing areas in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 4   a  is a block diagram illustrating a security feature employing capacitive inks in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 4   b  is a block diagram of a security feature using randomly deposited radio sensitive fibers or inks embedded in a voucher in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 5  is a block diagram of the operation of a multi-media printer in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 6  is an architecture diagram of a multi-media printer employing components having integral controllers in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 7   a  is an isometric view of a multi-media printer in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 7   b  is an isometric view of a multi-media printer with the voucher magazine opened in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 8  is side elevation view of a multi-media printer slidably coupled to a gaming machine in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 9  is a process flow diagram of a voucher escrowing process used by a multi-media printer in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 10  is a process flow diagram of a voucher handling process in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and 
       FIG. 11  is a process flow diagram of a voucher cleaning process in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a cashless enabled gaming machine coupled to a multi-media printer in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. A cashless gaming system includes a cashless gaming system controller  100  hosted by a system host  102  coupled ( 104 ) to one or more cashless enabled games  106 . A cashless enabled game includes a game controller  108  that controls the operation of the cashless enabled game. The game controller is coupled to a multi-media printer  110 . The cashless enabled game uses the multi-media printer to write voucher media such as voucher  114 . The multi-media printer includes media identification and printing algorithms  113  used in conjunction with vouchers. The voucher includes the cash-out information for a player. 
   The multi-media printer may also be coupled ( 112 ) to the host system and cashless gaming controller. The voucher may be redeemed ( 116 ) in a variety of ways. The voucher may be redeemed by a human cashier or voucher reader  122  at a game table  124 , or a human cashier or voucher reader  126  at a cashier&#39;s cage or kiosk  128 , or by a voucher reader  118  at another cashless enabled game  120 . Redemption is only possible after the voucher passes a verification of account information  130  and validation using security features  132  included in the voucher. 
     FIG. 2   a  is an illustration of a voucher in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The voucher shown is produced from commands issued by the cashless enabled game to the gaming printer in response to a player&#39;s request to cash-out. The voucher  114  includes features such as a validation number, printed in both a human readable form such as a character string  200  and in a machine-readable form such as a bar code  202 , time and date stamps  204 , cash-out amount  206 , casino location information  208 , cashless enabled game identifier  210 , and an indication of an expiration date  212 . Included in the voucher is a security feature  132  that may take one or more forms. 
   In one voucher media in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, one face of the voucher includes a layer of writable and erasable thermally sensitive film. The thermal film becomes opaque at one temperature level but becomes transparent at another temperature. This effect can be used to create a thermally rewritable voucher. 
     FIG. 2   b  is an illustration of another side of a voucher in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The voucher  114  may also include a read/write magnetic strip  214  for encoding of any of the information described above. 
   In addition, the magnetic strip may be used to transmit information to the multi-media printer. For example, the magnetic strip may encode instructions such as configuration flags or programming instructions used to reconfigure or reprogram the multi-media printer. 
     FIG. 2   c  is an illustration of another portion of a voucher having a static memory in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The voucher  114  may also include a static memory  216  embedded in the voucher so that the voucher can be used as a “smart” card for encoding of any of the information described above. 
   In addition, the static memory may be used to transmit information to the multi-media printer. For example, the static memory may encode instructions such as configuration flags or programming instructions used to reconfigure or reprogram the multi-media printer. 
     FIGS. 3   a  to  3   d  illustrate a sequence of using a voucher having multiple writable zones in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring now to  FIG. 3   a , a voucher having multiple writable zones  220  is used to implement multiple rewrite features in a voucher using write once media. The voucher is divided into pre-determined writable zones, shown as writable zone  1   222  through writable zone n  224 . As the voucher is composed of a write once media, each writable zone may be written to but not erased. 
   Referring now to  FIG. 3   b , the voucher  220  is shown having a first writable zone  226  having permanent information, such as an establishment&#39;s identifier, written into the first writable zone. A second writable zone  228  has a cashout value  229  or other temporary data written to the writable zone. The voucher may now be redeemed or otherwise used within a cashless gaming environment as previously described. 
   Referring now to  FIG. 3   c , each time the voucher  220  is redeemed, any information in the first rewritable zone  226  is preserved. However, the cashout value or other information printed in the second rewritable is canceled out by printing an obscuring indicia  230  over the information in the second rewritable zone. The next time the voucher is used in a multi-media printer, a next writable zone  232  is detected by the multi-media printer. The next writable zone is then used by the multi-media printer to print a cash-out value or other information  233  as needed. 
   Referring now to  FIG. 3   d , the voucher  220  is shown with each writable zone, such as rewritable zones  228 ,  232 , and  236 , filled with obscuring indicia, such as obscuring indica  230  and  234 . Once each of the rewritable zones on the voucher or filled with obscuring indicia, the voucher is removed from service by the multi-media printer. 
     FIG. 4   a  is a block diagram illustrating a security feature employing capacitive inks in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. A voucher  114  may be imprinted with metallic inks to create one or more capacitors in the voucher. The one or more capacitors may be used to create a security feature in the form of a capacitor structure  300  whose capacitance may be detected by a capacitance sensor  302  coupled to the voucher. As the card moves across the sensor (as indicated by arrow  304 ) the sensor senses changes in the localized capacitance of the card and generates ( 306 ) a security signature signal  308  corresponding to the structure of the capacitor structure  300  in the voucher. This security signature signal may be used to identify each voucher used in a cashless enabled gaming system. 
     FIG. 4   b  is a block diagram of a security feature using randomly deposited radio sensitive fibers or inks embedded in a voucher in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. A voucher  114  may include a layer of randomly deposited radio sensitive fibers  500  embedded within the card. An excitor  502  is used to transmit short pulses of radio waves  504  into the layer of fibers. In response to the radio waves, the fibers generate a resultant radio frequency signal  506  that may be detected by a sensor  508 . If the voucher is moving (as indicated by direction arrow  509 ) as the fibers are being excited, the sensor receives a time varying radio frequency signal generated by the excited and moving fibers. In response to the time varying radio frequency signal, the sensor generates ( 510 ) a time varying security signature signal  512  that may be used to uniquely identify each voucher in a cashless gaming system. 
     FIG. 5  is a block diagram of the operation of a multi-media printer in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. A multi-media printer includes a security feature reader  600  for reading a security feature embedded in a voucher  114 . The type of security feature reader is dependent on the type of security features used with the voucher. The security feature reader supplies the appropriate excitation energy and sensor to generate a security signature signal as previously described. 
   The multi-media printer also includes an erase head  602  for erasing a voucher prior to printing on the voucher. The erase head raises the temperature of a rewritable thermal film to the erasing temperature and any images previously written to the voucher are erased. 
   The multi-media printer also includes a print head  604  for printing on the voucher. The print head raises the temperature of the thermal film on the voucher to the writing temperature and indicia are printed onto the voucher as a result. 
   The multi-media printer also includes an optical scanning device  605  for reading the printed indicia on the voucher. The operation of such a device is more fully detailed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/136,897, filed Apr. 30, 2002, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if stated herein in full. The optical scanning device may also be used to detect a usable writable zone on a voucher having multiple writable zones  220  (of  FIG. 3   a ) by the multi-media printer 
   The multi-media printer also includes a magnetic strip read/write head  607  for reading from, and writing to a magnetic strip  214  (of  FIG. 2   b ) on the voucher. 
   The multi-media printer includes a printer controller  606  operably coupled to the security feature reader. The security feature reader generates a security signature signal  608  that is transmitted to the printer controller. 
   The printer controller is also coupled to the erase head. The printer controller generates an erase control signal  612  that is transmitted to the erase head. In response to the erase head signal, the erase head heats the voucher until all indicia are erased from the voucher. 
   The printer controller is also coupled to the print head. The printer controller transmits print head control signals  616  to the print head. In response to the print head control signals, the print head heats a thermal element for each dot that is to be imaged on the voucher. 
   The printer controller is also coupled to the optical scanner  605 . As the optical scanner scans the printed indicia on the voucher, the optical scanner transmits scanned signals  617  to the printer controller. 
   The printer controller is also coupled to the magnetic strip read/write head  607 . The printer controller transmits magnetic strip write signals and receives magnetic strip read signals to and from ( 619 ) the magnetic strip read/write head. 
   The printer controller may also be coupled to a static memory read/write connector  622 . The printer controller transmits static memory write signals and receives static memory read signals to and from ( 624 ) the static memory read/write head. 
   The printer controller may also be coupled to a media thickness sensor  630  for measuring the thickness of a voucher inserted into the multi-media printer. The thickness sensor may be a contact device such as a limit switch with multiple trip points or a potentiometer having a lever contacting the voucher, or may employ non-contacting optical, acoustic, or capacitance measurement techniques. The media thickness sensor generates media thickness signals  632  that are transmitted back to the printer controller. 
   In one embodiment of a multi-media printer in accordance with the present invention, a game controller  108  is operably coupled to the printer controller. The printer controller receives printer control instructions  614 , including voucher information for writing to the voucher, from the game controller. The printer controller may also transmit printer status and voucher identification signals  610  to the game controller. 
     FIG. 6  is a block diagram of a multi-media printer in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. A multi-media printer  110  includes a printer controller  606 , a print module  702 , and one or more voucher magazines  704 . 
   The print module includes a print voucher drive  706  that moves vouchers through the print module. The print voucher drive is reversible such that a voucher may be fed through the print module in more than one direction by the print voucher drive. The print voucher drive includes a voucher motion sensor  707  for sensing voucher movement within the print voucher drive. A more detailed discussion of printer media motion detection within a printer is presented in U.S. patent application entitled “PAPER MOTION DETECTOR IN A GAMING MACHINE”, Ser. No. 10/640,495 Aug. 12, 2003, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if stated herein in full. The print drive further includes an embossing detector  709  that may be used to sense when an embossed item, such as a conventional credit voucher, is inserted into the print module. The embossing detector may be a mechanical device, such as a limit switch, that contacts an inserted card and detects any embossing. If an embossed card is inserted into the multi-media printer, the multi-media printer may not attempt to write to the card, only read the card. 
   The print module further includes a security feature reading device  600  for reading any security features included in the voucher. The print module further includes a print head  604  for writing indicia to the voucher and an erase head  602  for erasing the indicia from the voucher. The print module. The print module further includes an optical scanning device  605  for scanning the indicia printed onto a voucher. The print module further includes a magnetic strip read/write head  607  used to read and write from and to a voucher&#39;s magnetic strip. The print module is removably and electronically coupled to the printer controller and removably and mechanically coupled to the voucher magazine. 
   In operation, the print module receives printer control signals from the printer controller. In response to the printer control signals, the print module scans vouchers for the presence and value of any security feature in the voucher. As the print module scans the voucher, the security feature reading device generates a previously described security signature signal that is transmitted to the printer controller. In addition, the print module thermally prints on the vouchers, and thermally erases the vouchers, under the control of the printer controller. The print module may also receive a voucher from a player and transmit a voucher detection signal to the printer controller. 
   The print module may also include a static memory read/write connector  622  for coupling to a “smart” card having a readable/writable static memory. The printer controller transmits static memory write signals and receives static memory read signals to and from the static memory read/write head. 
   The one or more independently controlled voucher magazines store vouchers and provide the vouchers to the printer module on command from the printer controller. Each voucher magazine may include one or more magazine voucher drives  710  for moving vouchers into and out of the magazine. If voucher magazine has only one voucher drive, the voucher magazine may be used for Last In, First Out (LIFO) type voucher media storage and retrieval operations. If the voucher magazine includes two or more voucher drives, the voucher magazine may be used for First In, First Out (FIFO) type storage and retrieval operations. Each voucher magazine also includes a voucher storage area  712  for storage of vouchers. In operation, the voucher magazine receives voucher magazine control signals from the printer controller. In response to the control signals, the voucher magazine feeds vouchers to the printer from the voucher storage area using the magazine voucher drive. In response to the voucher magazine control signals, the voucher magazine may also receive vouchers from the print module and store the vouchers in the voucher storage area. The voucher magazine may also include one or more voucher sensors  714  used to detect the number of vouchers stored in the voucher storage area. The voucher sensors sense the quantity of vouchers stored in the voucher storage area and transmit voucher count signals to the printer controller for further processing. The voucher magazine may also include a read/write static memory  715  for semi-permanent storage of voucher information about vouchers stored in the voucher magazine. 
   The printer controller includes a processor  716  coupled to a main memory  718  by a system bus  720 . The printer controller also includes a storage memory  722  coupled to the processor by the bus. The storage memory stores programming instructions  113 , executable by the processor to implement the features of a multi-media printer. The storage memory also includes printer and voucher information  724  stored and used by the processor. The printer and voucher information includes information received by the printer controller about the status of the print module and voucher magazine and also about the status and identity of any vouchers stored in the voucher magazines or being operated on by the print module. The types of status information may include an image of a last printed voucher as scanned by the optical scanning device and the current status, such as millimeters of advancement, of a voucher currently in the print module. 
   The printer controller also includes an Input/Output (I/O) device  726  coupled to the processor by the system bus. The I/O device is used by the printer controller to transmit control signals to the print module and the voucher magazine. The I/O device may also be used by the printer controller to receive security feature and status signals from the print module and voucher magazine. 
   One or more communications devices  728  may be coupled to the system bus for use by the printer controller to communicate with a cashless gaming system host  102  or a game controller  108  (both of  FIG. 1 ). The printer controller uses the communication devices to receive commands, program instructions, and voucher information from the external devices. In addition, the printer controller may use the communication devices to transmit printer status information to the external devices. Other communication devices may also be used by the printer controller to couple in a secure fashion over a local area network  732  for administrative or other purposes. 
   Additional communication devices and channels may be provided for communication with other peripheral devices as needed. For example, one communication device may be provided with a local communications port, accessible from an exterior of a gaming machine hosting the multi-media printer, that a technician may use to communicate with the printer controller during servicing using an external controller  730 . The external controller may communicate with the printer controller using an infrared link, other short-range wireless communication link, are a hard link with an external connector in a secure manner. 
   In operation, the processor loads the programming instructions into the main memory and executes the programming instructions to implement the features of a multi-media printer as described herein. 
   As illustrated, the printer controller is shown as being electronically coupled to the print module and voucher magazine without any mechanically coupling. The printer controller may be mounted in a variety of ways and may be incorporated into various components of either the multi-media printer or the game hosting the multi-media printer. For example, the printer controller may be attached to and supported by the print module, the voucher magazine, or the host game as may be required to mechanically integrate the multi-media printer into the host game. 
   In one embodiment of a multi-media printer in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the multi-media printer does not have a modular architecture. Instead, the print module and voucher magazine are of unitary construction. 
     FIG. 7   a  is an isometric view of a multi-media printer in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated, the multi-media printer  110  includes a print module  702  and one or more voucher magazines  704  mechanically coupled on a base  800 . The multi-media printer includes a front bezel  802  through which a voucher  114  may be fed by the print module&#39;s print voucher drive  706 , either into or out of the multi-media printer as previously described. The voucher magazine is positioned on the base such that the voucher magazine&#39;s magazine voucher drive  710  may feed vouchers to and receive vouchers from the print module as previously described. The print module and the magazine drive are separately mounted to the base and each may separately serviced in the field without affecting the operation of the other. In addition, each component may be removed from the multi-media printer and replaced without removing the power to the multi-media printer. 
   The print module further includes an articulating print head mounting mechanism  803 . The mechanism is used to adjust for differences in voucher media thickness. The mechanism automatically adjusts the print head to a required height dictated by the thickness of the media. When a voucher is inserted into the print module by a user, the mechanism is held at a distance from the media by the printer controller  606  (of  FIG. 5 ) until the type of media is identified. This avoids damaging the voucher media and the print head mounting mechanism by avoiding contact between the print head and the media. Once the media type is determined, the printer controller allows the mechanism to position the print head onto the voucher media if printing is required. 
   As the print module and voucher magazine are separately mounted and controllable, the orientation of the print module and voucher magazine may be altered as needed to suit the mechanical requirements of a host game. For example the distance between the print module and the voucher magazine may be altered in order to accommodate a shorter printer bay included in a host game. 
     FIG. 7   b  is an isometric view of a multi-media printer with the voucher magazine opened in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated, the multi-media printer  110  includes a print module  702  and one or more voucher magazines  704  mechanically coupled on a base  800 . The multi-media printer includes a front bezel  802  through which a voucher  114  may be fed by the print module&#39;s print voucher drive  706 , either into or out of the multi-media printer, as previously described. The voucher magazine is positioned on the base such that the voucher magazine&#39;s magazine voucher drive  710  may feed vouchers to and receive vouchers from the print module as previously described. The magazine voucher drive is removably coupled to the voucher storage area  712  by a hinge  900  such that the magazine may be opened to allow access to the voucher storage area. 
   A cleaning device  902  (shown through a cutaway in the front bezel  802 ) is attached to the print module such that incoming vouchers are cleaned before they enter the print module. The cleaning device may include flexible solid or bristled wiper elements that contact the voucher as it is taken into the print module. The wiper elements may be conductive so as to remove static surface charges from the voucher as it moves in the multi-media printer. The wiper elements may also be charged so as to electrically attract and collect particles of dust and dirt from the voucher. As the print module&#39;s print voucher drive is reversible, the incoming voucher may be passed repeatedly, back and forth, through the cleaning element as needed. 
   In other print modules in accordance with other exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the cleaning device may be located within the print module, within the voucher magazine, or between the print module and a voucher magazine. In other multi-media printers in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the cleaning device is a separate device and not integrated with either a print module or a voucher magazine. Instead, the cleaning device is a separate motorized device similar to a voucher magazine and is electronically coupled to a printer controller. 
   In another multi-media printer in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the multi-media printer contains a cleaning system used to clean the print head and thermal reversible, smart card, or write once media. The cleaning system may be internal to the multi-media printer or may be a removable cartridge that can be placed in the multi-media printer for cleaning then removed after cleaning is complete. 
   In one multi-media printer in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, blank voucher media is stored as a continuous strip of fanfold or ribbon material and is cut to length by the multi-media printer as needed. The material may include perforations at predetermined locations so that the voucher size may be controlled independently of the multi-media printer. 
     FIG. 8  is side elevation view of a multi-media printer slidably coupled to a gaming machine in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The multi-media printer  110  includes a print module  702  and a voucher magazine  704  mechanically coupled to a printer base  1150 . The multi-media printer includes a front bezel  802  through which a rewritable card may be fed by the print module&#39;s print voucher drive  706 , either into or out of the multi-media printer as previously described. Voucher magazine  704  is positioned on the base such that the voucher magazine&#39;s magazine voucher drive  710  may feed vouchers  114  to and receive vouchers from the print module as previously described. 
   The printer base is further slidably coupled to a base plate  1152  that is fixedly coupled to a portion  1154  of a gaming machine hosting the printer. The multi-media printer may be accessed while still in the gaming machine by sliding the multi-media printer out of the gaming machine. The voucher magazine may be mechanically coupled to the printer base by a quick disconnect  1156  so that the voucher magazine may be easily removed. To facilitate easy removal, the voucher magazine may be coupled to the printer controller  606  (of  FIG. 5 ) by a quick disconnect electrical connector  1157  that allows the voucher magazine to be installed, removed, or exchanged without removing the power to the gaming machine or multi-media printer. 
   The print module may be mechanically coupled to the printer base by a quick disconnect  1158  so that the print module may be easily removed. To further facilitate easy removal, the print magazine may be coupled to the printer controller  606  (of  FIG. 5 ) by a quick disconnect electrical connector  1160  that allows the print module to be installed, removed, or exchanged without removing the power to the gaming machine or multi-media printer. 
   In one embodiment of a voucher magazine, the voucher magazine is slidably coupled to the printer base separately from the print module. In this embodiment, the voucher magazine may accessed by sliding the voucher magazine past the print module so that the voucher magazine may be separately serviced. 
     FIG. 9  is a process flow diagram of a voucher escrowing process used by a multi-media printer in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In a voucher escrowing process  1300 , a multi-media printer determines if a voucher should be removed from service. A voucher may be removed from service for a variety of reasons. Rewritable vouchers may have a finite number of erase and write cycles and so must be removed from service as they age. A voucher may become damaged so that it is no longer operable within multi-media printer or a voucher using write once media may be completely filled. A card may also have physical features such as embossing that may require the voucher to be handled in a special manner. As the multi-media printer includes an optical scanner and can verify if a voucher was printed properly immediately after printing the voucher, the multi-media printer may determine that a voucher was printed in error and may escrow the voucher. In addition, the multi-media printer may receive an identifier for a voucher to be removed from service. In which case, the security feature in the voucher may be readable but correspond to a voucher to be removed from service. Another reason a voucher may be escrowed is that the user is exchanging one kind of voucher for another kind of voucher. 
   Vouchers may be removed from service by moving the voucher into an escrow location within the multi-media printer by either a magazine voucher drive or by a print voucher drive. In the escrow process, the voucher determines ( 1302 ) if a voucher should be removed from service. If the multi-media printer determines that the voucher should remain in service ( 1304 ), the voucher continues processing ( 1306 ) the voucher. Otherwise, the multi-media printer moves ( 1306 ) the voucher to an escrow location  1307  within the multi-media printer and obtains ( 1308 ) a replacement voucher from a voucher magazine  1310  and continues processing ( 1312 ) the newly obtained voucher. 
     FIG. 10  is a process flow diagram of a voucher handling process in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. A voucher handling process  1000  is used by a multi-media printer to manage a voucher that is inserted into the multi-media printer. To initiate a voucher handling process, a player inserts ( 1001 ) a voucher or card into the multi-media printer. The multi-media printer raises ( 1002 ) the thermal print head  604  (of  FIG. 5 ) up so as not to damage the inserted voucher or card while the multi-media printer determines the type of the inserted media. 
   The multi-media printer determines ( 1004 ) if the inserted media is an ATM type credit card using a sensor such as an embossing detector  709  (of  FIG. 6 ). If the inserted media is not an ATM type card, the multi-media printer determines ( 1006 ) if the inserted media is a smart card by trying to read data from the inserted media using the static memory read/write connector  622  (of  FIG. 5 ). If the inserted media is not a smart card, the multi-media printer determines ( 1008 ) if the inserted media includes a magnetic strip by trying to read data from the inserted media using the magnetic strip read/write head  607  (of  FIG. 5 ). If the inserted media does not include a magnetic strip, the multi-media printer determines ( 1010 ) if the inserted media is thermally rewritable by using the media thickness sensor  630  (of  FIG. 5 ). If the inserted media is not thermally rewritable, the multi-media printer determines ( 1012 ) if the inserted media is write once media by using the media thickness sensor. If the multi-media printer cannot determine the type of the inserted media, then the multi-media printer ejects ( 1014 ) the card and continues processing ( 1036 ) any additional cards presented by a user. 
   If the multi-media printer can identify the media type of the inserted voucher or card, the multi-media printer reads voucher information stored on the voucher. The multi-media printer transmits the voucher information to a gaming machine  106  or a host system  102  (both of  FIG. 1 ) for authentication ( 1016 ). If the results of the authentication indicate that the voucher or card is invalid ( 1018 ), then the voucher or card is ejected  1020  and the multi-media printer terminates processing of the card. 
   If the multi-media printer determines ( 1022 ) the inserted media is thermally reversible, the multi-media printer adjusts ( 1024 ) the thermal erase and print heads for continuing ( 1036 ) operations on the inserted voucher or card as may be required. The operations may include erasing the inserted voucher or card and storing the erased card in a LIFO or FIFO voucher magazine. 
   If the multi-media printer determines ( 1024 ) the inserted media includes a magnetic strip, the multi-media printer holds ( 1026 ) the inserted voucher or card for continuing ( 1036 ) operations as may be required. The operations may include erasing the inserted voucher or card and storing the erased card in a LIFO or FIFO voucher magazine for later use. 
   If the multi-media printer determines ( 1028 ) the inserted media is an ATM style credit card, the multi-media printer holds ( 1030 ) the inserted voucher or card for continuing ( 1036 ) operations as may be required. The operations may include reading the inserted voucher or card for further processing. 
   If the multi-media printer determines ( 1032 ) the inserted media is write once thermal media, the multi-media printer adjusts ( 1034 ) the thermal erase and print heads for continuing ( 1036 ) operations on the inserted voucher or card as may be required. The operations may include overwriting a last written writable zone, such as writable zone  228  (of  FIG. 3   c ) on an inserted voucher or card and storing the overwritten card in a LIFO or FIFO voucher magazine for later use. 
     FIG. 11  is a process flow diagram of a voucher media cleaning process in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. A multi-media printer uses a voucher media cleaning process  1500  to determine the cleanliness of a voucher or card and to clean the voucher or card before using the voucher or card. The multi-media printer determines (step  1004  to step  1012  of  FIG. 10 ), if the voucher or card is composed of a media that may be cleaned, such as a rewritable thermal media. If so, the multi-media performs a cleanliness test ( 1502 ) on the voucher or card. A cleanliness test may be performed using the optical scanning device  605  (of  FIG. 5 ) by measuring the optical characteristics of non-printed printed portions of the voucher or card. 
   If the multi-media printer determines that the card is clean ( 1504 ) the multi-media printer continues ( 1506 ) processing the voucher or card as required. If the voucher or card is not clean, the multi-media printer determines ( 1508 ) if a cleaning device  902  (of  FIG. 8 ) is installed in the multi-media printer. If not, the multi-media printer stores ( 1518 ) the voucher or card to remove the unusable media from service. The if the cleaner is installed, the multi-media printer cleans ( 1510 ) the voucher or card as previously described. The multi-media printer then performs ( 1512 ) another cleanliness test as previously described. The multi-media printer then determines ( 1514 ) if the second cleanliness test indicates that the voucher or card was successfully cleaned. If so, the multi-media printer continues ( 1516 ) processing the voucher or card as required. If not, the multi-media printer stores ( 1518 ) the voucher or card to remove the unusable media from service. 
   Although this invention has been described in certain specific embodiments, many additional modifications and variations would be apparent to those skilled in the art. It is therefore to be understood that this invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described. Thus, the present embodiments of the invention should be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention to be determined by any claims supported by this application and the claims&#39; equivalents rather than the foregoing description.