Abstract:
In one embodiment, the system includes a processor (referred to herein as a tandem access controller) connected to the PSTN which would allow anyone to directly provision, that is to say set-up and make immediate changes to, the configuration of his or her phone line. In another embodiment, a tandem access controller (TAC) subsystem is connected internally to the PSTN in a local service area. The TAC provides features, selected by the subscriber, to all edge switches connected to the PSTN tandem switch. In one embodiment, the TAC is controlled by the subscriber using the web.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to telephone services and, in particular, to a system for allowing a subscriber to select features of the subscriber&#39;s telephone service. 
     BACKGROUND 
     People have used various means for limiting interruptions due to the telephone. In the past, people used switchboards and secretaries to screen incoming, or inbound, calls. Voice mail systems took over some of this role both in the home and in the central office. Today, there are web-based companies managing 3rd-party call control, via the toll-switch network, which allow users to enter call control information through a web portal. There are also edge devices in each of the public telephone company&#39;s central offices which provide local control, but offer an extremely limited number of features and do not provide true 3rd-party call control. 
     The web-based toll systems provide good user interaction but they are not economical and cannot take advantage of local number portability because they do not provide local control and connectivity. 
     The Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) consists of a plurality of edge switches connected to telephones on one side and to a network of tandem switches on the other. The tandem switch network allows connectivity between all of the edge switches, and a signalling system is used by the PSTN to allow calling and to transmit both calling and called party identity. 
     Until now, optional features were provided by the local service telephone company (telco) through the edge switch at the central office (CO). It was not possible to provide optional features through any other means. Control of these features was done through the first party (calling party) or the second party (called party), or worse yet, manually by calling the business office. 
     In the past, numerous devices have been built that allow the connection of two lines together at an edge switch. These devices can be used to add features to a telephone network by receiving a call on one line and then dialing out on another line. The problem with these devices is that, because they are connected through an edge switch, transmission losses and impairments occur, degrading the overall connection. In addition, signalling limitations prevent full control, by the subscriber or the system, over the call. 
     The invention described herein connects at the tandem, thereby eliminating these problems. 
     In the edge devices residing in the PSTN central offices, the 1st party (the calling party) has numerous features available (dialing options). The 2nd party (called party) also has options available such as call forwarding, but these features typically require access from the first or second party&#39;s device and are extremely awkward to program. The user interaction is not only awkward, it is limited and requires interaction with the telephone company to provision them. In other words, past systems for provisioning, meaning addition, modification, or control of telephone features, required a subscriber to make the feature selection through the telephone business office. Central office workers would then implement the provisioning under request of the business office. 
     Call Forwarding is one popular provision. There is signification transmission degradation for Call Forwarding to take place. The calling party pays for a call to the edge device, and the edge subscriber, the called party, pays for the call to the forwarding number. For enhanced inbound call control to occur, a direct 3rd-party call control means is needed. 
     A variety of services have arisen to address the problems mentioned above. Many of these systems allow the called party to make changes to his/her call forwarding attributes which do not allow direct 3rd-party call control. These services provide good user interaction, some via the internet, but they rely upon the toll network through the use of “800” numbers. This requires the subscriber to pay by the minute and does not allow the subscriber to take advantage of number portability in order to obtain 3rd-party call control. There are other toll network mechanisms for remote call forwarding. For example, MCI offers a service where the customer can remotely change the forwarding target number for “800” numbers. Contacting the ultimate end-user before terminating the first incoming call is similar to the manner in which “800” credit calls and collect calls are processed, but these are not done at the local subscriber level. 
     In addition to these toll services, there are edge devices that perform some of the same services. Edge devices such as phones and PBXs that include voice mail, inter-active voice response, call forwarding, speed calling, etc., have been used to provide additional call control. These devices allow the phone user direct control over incoming and outgoing calls. The disadvantage of edge devices is that they add cost, degrade voice and transmission quality, can be difficult to program, are not easily programmed remotely, can require the user to pay for two lines, provide lower quality of service, and cannot provide the same level of functionality as a system that controls the PSTN directly. There are Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoiP) products emerging that provide better user interfaces and control but they do not take advantage and voice quality of the PSTN. 
     SUMMARY 
     The present invention adds direct control of third party call control features, but does not suffer from any of the disadvantages listed above, and allows the subscriber to manage his/her telephone, system in a dynamic and exceptionally useful manner that is not currently available through the existing PSTN. The invention allows enhanced direct third-party call control features, such as selective call routing and remote dialing, to be added to the PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) using local call control and providing dynamic provisioning of the system by the subscriber. Direct 3rd-party control means that the ability to provision the 3rd-party features is directly available to a subscriber, eliminating the need to go through the telephone company (telco) business office. 
     In one embodiment, the system includes a processor (referred to herein as a tandem access controller) connected to the PSTN which would allow anyone to directly provision, that is to say set-up and make immediate changes to, the configuration of his or her phone line. In another embodiment, a tandem access controller (TAC) subsystem is connected internally to the PSTN in a local service area. The TAC provides features, selected by the subscriber, to all edge switches connected to the PSTN tandem switch. Connecting directly to the PSTN tandem switch (or embedding the system into the tandem switch) eliminates the signal degradation problems previously described. 
     In one embodiment, the system allows provisioning of features via the internet under direct control of the subscriber. Recently, several products have been introduced that provide a means of controlling features via the public internet. However, all these devices fall short in that they require the subscriber to obtain an “800” number or some other number that requires the subscriber to pay a toll charge each time a call is made. The present invention connects locally, so no toll charges are incurred. 
     The web-enhanced services in one embodiment of the invention coexist with and overlay the local phone service at the local level, thereby providing good economics and user interaction, single number access to multiple subscriber devices, connectivity without transmission impairments and true, direct 3rd-party call control. 
     The present invention relies upon use of local telephone facilities thereby eliminating all the extra charges associated with making toll calls. It also allows the user to take advantage of number portability and keep his/her existing public phone number. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 illustrates the tandem access controller (TAC) of the present invention connected to the existing PSTN tandem switch, the TAC providing features for the subscriber&#39;s telephone as requested by the subscriber via the web. 
     FIG. 2 illustrates a system similar to FIG. 1 but showing multiple tandem switches and TAC&#39;s and also showing how the subscriber may, in additional to using the standard telephone, make phone calls using Voice Over IP via a conventional digital telephone. 
     FIG. 3 is a flowchart of one method that a person may use to set up a subscriber account and to designate features the subscriber would like for his/her telephone. 
     FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method that can be performed by the TAC in response to the subscriber (or other service) controlling the TAC, using the web (or other packet-based system), to change the subscriber&#39;s telephone provisioning or perform another function, such as make a VoIP call. 
     FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method that can be performed by the TAC in response to an inbound call to the subscriber. 
     FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method performed by the subscriber and the TAC when the subscriber desires to make an outbound call via the web or using a conventional telephone. 
     FIG. 7 illustrates a system, using the TAC, that allows wireless cell phones to obtain the same provisioning options as the conventional telephones. 
     FIG. 8 illustrates a system, using the TAC, that allows fax and modem calls to benefit from the provisioning offered by the TAC. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS 
     FIG. 1 shows a tandem access controller (TAC)  10  that allows an authorized subscriber  12  to establish 3rd-party control criteria for calls to the subscriber&#39;s telephone  14  (having a “public” phone number that callers dial). In one embodiment, the TAC  10  is a programmed processor. The TAC  10  may use any combination of hardware, firmware, or software and, in one embodiment, is a conventional computer programmed to carry out the functions described herein. 
     The TAC  10  is connected to or inside the conventional PSTN tandem switch  16  such that calls may flow through the TAC  10  in the same manner as the existing PSTN tandem switch, except that additional 3rd-party features are applied to the call. As is well known, PSTN tandem switches are exchanges that direct telephone calls (or other traffic) to central offices  17 ,  18  or to other tandem switches. Details of the operation of the existing phone network may be found in the publication entitled “New Net SS7 Tutorial,” by ADC Telecommunications, copyright 1999, incorporated herein by reference. Additional details may be found in the numerous books describing the PSTN. 
     The PSTN tandem switch  16  directs a first call (from the calling party  20  to the subscriber&#39;s phone  14  using the subscriber&#39;s public phone number) to the TAC  10 , which in turn places a second call, subject to 3rd-party control information, to the subscriber&#39;s “private” phone number without yet terminating the first call. When the subscriber  12  terminates (or answers) the second call, the TAC  10  terminates the first call and connects it to the second call, thereby connecting the calling party  20  to the subscriber  12 . Hence, the calling party essentially calls the TAC  10 , using the subscriber&#39;s public phone number, and the TAC  10 , after processing the call using the selected features, calls the subscriber, as appropriate, using the subscriber&#39;s private phone number and connects the two calls. The process is transparent to the parties. 
     The TAC  10  is connected inside the PSTN in the sense that it is not an edge device such as a PBX or central office (CO) switch because it does not connect directly to subscribers. Rather, it redirects calls to subscribers. The TAC  10  provides intelligent interconnection between a calling party and a subscriber. 
     The reader should keep in mind that although only one tandem switch  16  is shown in FIG. 1, the invention will apply equally well to a network of tandem switches, as shown in FIG.  2 . FIG. 2 also illustrates how the subscriber can make calls using voice over IP via a conventional digital telephone  21 . 
     FIG. 1 illustrates the preferred method for an authorized subscriber to modify the 3 rd party control criteria by means of the world wide web  22  (and web server  23 ) using an internet browser. By “authorized” we mean a subscriber who is registered and has “logged-in” with appropriate security and password controls. The subscriber  12  interacts with the web  22  via the Internet to quickly and easily specify the enhanced 3rd-party call control features. Web  22  then relays this information, in appropriate form, to the TAC  10 . Preferably, the link to the TAC  10  uses a secure protocol. Examples of features that can be selected by the subscriber include: conditional call blocking, call forwarding, call altering, time of day conditions, day of week conditions, follow-me, caller recognition/password, caller ID, call screening/retrieval from voice mail, speed dialing, interactive voice response, and speech recognition. Any other feature could be added. These features can be implemented in the TAC  10  using known software techniques since such features are known. Message outgoing call control includes: click-to-dial calling and group calling/messaging. 
     The invention may also include ivr/vm/voverip. 
     FIG. 1 uses a public internet portal connected via a data link to the TAC  10  or other interface system. As a registered subscriber, a user logs onto the portal (FIG. 3) and is granted access, allowing the user to make additions or changes to features such as speed calling, call forwarding, selection of such descriptors as time of day, busy status, callerID status, etc. A user-friendly web page leads the subscriber through the various procedures and available features. The selections made by the subscriber are translated into provisioning data and transmitted to the TAC  10 . The TAC  10  in turn keeps track of incoming and outgoing calls based on this information. 
     The subscriber can also program a set of the call control features via a telephone link in the event a data link connection is unavailable. 
     FIG. 4 is a flowchart of actions that may be taken by the TAC  10  in response to the subscriber (or other service) controlling the TAC, using the web or other packet-based system, to change the subscriber&#39;s telephone provisioning or perform another function, such as make a VoIP call. 
     FIG. 5 is a flowchart of actions taken by the TAC  10  in response to an inbound call (using the subscriber&#39;s public phone number) to the subscriber. Examples of some of the actions taken by the TAC  10  are: 
     Receives SS7 data indicating an incoming call 
     Stores phone numbers downloaded from provisioning system 
     Charts identity of calling party 
     Checks time of day 
     Stores lists of numbers in groups used for processing incoming calls 
     Places outgoing calls in response to incoming calls according to information downloaded on the data link. 
     Incoming call data is received by the TAC  10  from the tandem switch  16 . The TAC  10  processor checks calling and called numbers, class of service, time of day, number lists, etc. In some cases additional data is gathered from the calling party via a DSP (Digital Signal Processing) system and stored in the system memory. The DSP system is used to play call progress tones and voice announcements as required. Voice announcements can be played through the DSP system. In response to the call data, an outgoing call to the subscriber  12  may be placed back through the tandem switch  16  by TAC  10 . The TAC  10  links the two calls and monitors the connection. 
     Information about the call may be collected by the TAC  10  and sent to the subscriber or a 3rd party for display. Such information may be the length of the call or information used to bill the subscriber for the use of the system. The provisioning system can also collect control information from a 3rd party and relay it back to the TAC  10 , which will then affect the call accordingly. 
     FIG. 6 is a flowchart of actions taken by the subscriber  12  and the TAC  10  when the subscriber desires to make an outbound call via the web or using a conventional telephone. When using the web to place a call, the subscriber may simply click a name on the computer screen  26  using a mouse. 
     FIG. 7 illustrates a system, using the TAC  10 , that allows wireless cell phones  28  to obtain the same provisioning options as the conventional telephones  14 . A local cell  30  and a cell switch  32  are also shown in FIG.  7 . 
     FIG. 8 illustrates a system, using the TAC  10 , that allows fax and modem calls to benefit from the provisioning offered by the TAC  10 . The TAC  10  may interface the ISP  36  through the web  22 . 
     One embodiment of the invention allows a subscriber to view the current state of his/her telephone via the Internet. Internet is a term of art by which we mean an interconnection of packet switched networks. Prior to this invention there was no way for a user to examine the status of a telephone line. Recently, several products have been introduced that provide a means of examining the voice message boxes. 
     An internet portal is connected via a data link to the TAC  10 . When a user logs onto the internet portal and is granted access to an individual subscription, the user can examine the status of calls/features. This information is transmitted from the TAC  10  to the web portal and translated into user viewables. The TAC  10  keeps track of incoming and outgoing calls based on this information. 
     The TAC  10  may be implemented using conventional processor hardware. The connection to the tandem switch  16  may be as simple as a telephone circuit, since the TAC  10  receives an incoming call from a caller and processes the call. Devising the software/firmware use to control the TAC  10  is well within the capability of those skilled in the art since the various control features that can be made available are generally already known. 
     Certain advantages that can be obtained using the invention include the following: 
     Web-Based Telecom Navigator 
     Manage Incoming Call Control 
     Conditional Call Blocking/Forwarding/Alerting 
     Time-of-Day, Day-of-Week, Follow-Me, Caller Recognition/Password, Caller ID, etc. 
     Call Screening/Retrieval from Voice Mail 
     Interactive Voice Response and Speech Recognition 
     Manage Outgoing Call Control 
     Click-to-Dial Calling 
     Group Calling and Messaging 
     Web-Based Billing 
     Web-Driven Personal Communications Management 
     Cost-Effective Single Phone Number Access 
     On-Line “Personal Digital Assistant” 
     On-Line “Telcom Navigator” 
     Inspired User Interaction 
     Secure and Reliable Technology 
     Cost-Effective Single Phone Number Access 
     CLEC Status 
     Free Local Calls, Incoming Calls (not 800 Toll Service) 
     Retain Current Number (Local Number Portability) 
     Low-Cost Calling Throughout LATA 
     Flat-Rate Foreign Exchange 
     Single Installation Covers Entire LATA 
     VoIP Toll-Bypass 
     Compatible With Existing Devices, Standards 
     Standard DTMF and VoIP Phones 
     Wireless Phones 
     Standard Wired/Wireless and PIM Browsers 
     Web-Based Personal Digital Assistant 
     Centralized and Consistent Personal Data 
     Build Once, Use Anywhere 
     Private/Public Phone Directories and Calendars 
     “Post-It” Style Annotation of Numbers 
     Web Dialing 
     Click-to-Dial from Web Pages, Directories, Calendars 
     Multiple Phone List Management 
     Unified Messaging 
     Voice Mail Access, Prompts, Alert Via Web 
     User Interaction 
     Expected Behavior 
     Compatible with Familiar Products (e.g. Palm Pilot) 
     Commonality Between All Wired and Wireless 
     Mode-Based Definition and Selection 
     Vacation, Dinner Time, Go Away, Family Call Waiting 
     Templates 
     Learning Modes 
     Persona-Based User Interaction Design 
     Speech recognition 
     Windows drag and drop 
     Automatic Data Capture 
     Build Phone List Based on Collected Usage Information 
     Drag and Drop Into Lists 
     Secure and Reliable Technology 
     Separate Web-Site and Link Gateway 
     No Direct External Access to Gateway 
     Additional Security Layer 
     No Denial-of-Service to Voice Links 
     VoIP Link Degradation Detection 
     Automatic Cutover to PSTN 
     E-Commerce Security 
     Billing Encryption 
     While particular embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from this invention in its broader aspects and, therefore, the appended claims are to encompass within the true spirit and spirit and scope of this invention.