Abstract:
Contents can be opened to a suitable group by a simple operation. A data management method allows a plurality of users to browse stored data. The method includes setting association of first data which is previously set to be opened and at least one second data. Third groups to which these second data is opened are determined based on first groups of the first data set to be opened and second groups to which a user setting the association belongs. Then, the second data are opened to a user who belongs to the third groups.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]     1. Field of the Invention  
         [0002]     The present invention relates to a data management device, data management system and, method for managing data by which a plurality of users can browse stored data.  
         [0003]     2. Description of the Related Art  
         [0004]     In recent years, a personal computer, a digital still camera, a digital video camera, and a portable digital audio player have come into widespread use. Accordingly, many kinds of contents such as a document, still image, moving image and music have been digitized. These contents are stored and utilized in a mass-storage medium, e.g., a hard disk drive. Among these contents, photographs and videos shot by individuals can be transmitted to a family and a friend by attaching them to an electronic mail message. The photographs and videos are also put on a home page and immediately exchanged using the Internet. This has changed communication to be more diverse.  
         [0005]     To exchange small-volume data in such communication, the electronic mail message is often used. In the case of large-volume data, the home page is often used. This is because in the case of an electronic mail system, a transmit and receive size of data is limited.  
         [0006]     Under such circumstances, in order to create a home page which can open contents to the public, a certain extent of knowledge and time are required. Hence, various services have been proposed which can easily open contents on the Internet (refer to Canon Sales Co., Inc. &lt;URL:http://www.imagegateway.net/demo/photoalbum.html &gt;“CANON iMAGE GATEWAY (registered trademark)”). A user utilizes such service to open his photographs and videos to a family and a friend and can have a chat about the opened contents by writing on a home page and transmitting electronic mail. Further, in such a process, new photographs and videos are further introduced to each other to expand a topic of conversation, and further communication is developed.  
         [0007]     In many cases, a user belongs to various groups such as a family, colleagues in a company, friends in school days, and fiends having a common interest. Thus, there has been a growing need to designate a plurality of these groups to which his contents are opened.  
         [0008]     Conventionally, when contents are opened to the designated groups, a community ID and a password are prescribed for every group. At the time of access, the community ID and the password are input (refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-229282).  
         [0009]     Further, when contents are opened, an opening destination group is selected from a list of groups in order to carry out opening setting (for example, refer to “method for setting, displaying, changing, and deleting access permission of file and folder by Windows XP (registered trademark)” of US Microsoft Corporation &lt;URL:http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scID=kp:ja:3 08418&gt;).  
         [0010]     However, in the above-described conventional example, when new contents are opened in relation to certain contents opened to a plurality of groups, the new contents are opened only to the groups corresponding to a community ID that is input at the time of access. Hence, access is individually carried out by each community ID to confirm whether contents serving an association destination are present. Then, the opening of desired contents has to be set, which is a complicated operation.  
         [0011]     Further, once the contents serving the association destination are opened to all relevant groups, there is a possibility that the contents are browsed by a user in a group unrelated to its own destination. Furthermore, if contents are opened to all groups that it belongs to, there is inconvenience that the contents are unexpectedly opened to groups unrelated to the contents that serve the association destination. Hence, opening destination groups to which the contents are served, have to be first examined. Then, a suitable group is selected from these opening destination groups to set new opening destination groups, which is a complicated operation.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0012]     Embodiments of the present invention are provided to solve or at least mitigate the above-described problem and are directed to opening contents to a suitable group with a simple operation.  
         [0013]     Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a data management device, system and, method.  
         [0014]     According to an aspect of the present invention, at least one embodiment is directed to a data management device capable of storing data, managing a plurality of users as a group and opening the data to a user who belongs to a designated group. The data management devices includes an association setting unit configured to set association of first data which is previously set to be opened, and at least one second data; a determination unit configured to determine third groups which open the second data, based on first groups of the first data and second groups to which a user setting the association belongs; and an opening unit configured to open the second data to a user who belongs to the third groups.  
         [0015]     According to another aspect of the present invention, at least one embodiment is directed to a data management method for allowing a plurality of users to browse stored data. The method includes setting association of first data which is previously set to be opened, and at least one second data; determining third groups which open the second data, based on first groups of the first data set to be opened, and second groups to which a user setting the association belongs; and opening the second data to a user who belongs to the third groups.  
         [0016]     According to an embodiment of the present invention, contents can be opened to a suitable group with a simple operation.  
         [0017]     Further features and aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0018]     The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.  
         [0019]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram showing a configuration of a data management system according to a first exemplary embodiment.  
         [0020]      FIG. 2  is a diagram showing one example of an association setting screen of a data management system according to a first exemplary embodiment.  
         [0021]      FIG. 3  is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a data management system  100  according to a first exemplary embodiment.  
         [0022]      FIG. 4  is a diagram showing one example of a configuration of user management information according to a first exemplary embodiment.  
         [0023]      FIG. 5  is a diagram showing one example of a configuration of data management information according to a first exemplary embodiment.  
         [0024]      FIG. 6  is a diagram showing one example of a configuration of association data opening information according to a first exemplary embodiment.  
         [0025]      FIG. 7  is a flowchart showing start processing of a data management system according to a first exemplary embodiment.  
         [0026]      FIG. 8  is a flowchart showing association data opening setting processing according to a first exemplary embodiment.  
         [0027]      FIG. 9  is a flowchart showing data opening processing according to a first exemplary embodiment.  
         [0028]      FIG. 10  is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a data management system according to a second exemplary embodiment.  
         [0029]      FIG. 11  is a flowchart showing association data opening setting processing of a data management system according to a second exemplary embodiment.  
         [0030]      FIG. 12  is a flowchart showing data opening processing according to a second exemplary embodiment.  
         [0031]      FIG. 13  is a diagram showing one example of an association setting screen of a data management system according to a third exemplary embodiment.  
         [0032]      FIG. 14  is a flowchart showing association data opening setting processing of a data management system according to a third exemplary embodiment.  
         [0033]      FIG. 15  is a flowchart showing data opening processing of a data management system according to a third exemplary embodiment.  
         [0034]      FIG. 16  is a diagram showing one example of a configuration of association data opening information according to a fourth exemplary embodiment.  
         [0035]      FIG. 17  is a flowchart showing association data opening setting processing according to a fourth exemplary embodiment. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS  
       [0036]     Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.  
       First Exemplary Embodiment  
       [0037]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram showing a configuration of a data management system according to a first exemplary embodiment. As shown in  FIG. 1 , the data management system includes a data management device  100  and a plurality of personal computers (hereinafter, referred to as PC)  120 - 1  to  120 -N. The data management device  100  and the PCs  120 - 1  to  120 -N are connected through a network  110  such as the Internet. The data management device  100  is connected to a display  130  and an input device  140  such as a keyboard and a mouse.  
         [0038]     The data management device  100  includes a CPU  101 , a RAM  102 , an HDD  103 , a display interface  104 , an input interface  105 , and a network interface  106 . In the exemplary embodiment, the CPU  101  controls the whole data management device  100 . The CPU  101  executes arithmetic processing. The RAM  102  serves as a memory that temporarily stores data accompanying the processing executed by the CPU  101 . The HDD  103  stores a large volume of data such as a control program of the CPU  101  and contents. The display interface  104  converts screen data into a signal which can be displayed on the display  130 , and outputs the signal. The input interface  105  inputs a command from the keyboard and mouse  140 . The network interface  106  converts communication packet data into a communication signal.  
         [0039]     In the above-described configuration, a control program for the data management device stored in the HDD  103  is read into the RAM  102 . Then, the CPU  101  executes arithmetic processing according to the control program. The CPU  101  creates screen data to display on the display  130  or converts the screen data into communication packet data to transmit to the PCs  120 - 1  to  120 -N. Further, when the keyboard and mouse  140 , or the PCs  120 - 1  to  120 -N issue a command to display a list of contents, the input data are transmitted to the CPU through the input interface  105  or the network interface  106 . Then, the CPU  101  reads contents information from the HDD  103  according to the control program running on the RAM  102  to perform display in the above-described way.  
         [0040]     In the embodiment, it is assumed that a general web browser is run on the PCs  120 - 1  to  120 -N. However, an exclusive client application can also be utilized. Further, the PCs  120 - 1  to  120 -N can be a portable information terminal, a cellular telephone, or a set top box. Furthermore, the PCs  120 - 1  to  120 -N can input and output the data without the keyboard and mouse  140  but only through the network. Alternatively, the PCs  120 - 1  to  120 -N can input and output the data only with equipment such as the display, and the keyboard and mouse  140  without connection to the network  110 .  
         [0041]      FIG. 2  is a diagram showing one example of an association setting screen of a data management system according to the first exemplary embodiment. As shown in  FIG. 2 , a setting screen  200  includes an open data area  202 , anon-open data area  203 , and an association data opening button  201 .  
         [0042]     In this example, data- 1  to data- 7  are displayed on the open data area  202 , and data- 8  and data- 9  are displayed on the non-open data area  203 .  FIG. 2  shows a state in which the data- 7  is opened in association with the data- 6 , and the data- 9  is intended to be opened in association with the data- 1 . Here, as an example of the specific operation, first, the association data opening button  201  is clicked. Thereafter, the data- 9  and data- 1  are clicked. Then, a display is updated so as to connect the data- 9  and data- 1  by an arrow. A determination button and a cancel button (not shown) can be provided.  
         [0043]      FIG. 3  is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a data management system  100  according to the first exemplary embodiment. As shown in  FIG. 3 , the function of the data management device  100  includes a user management DB  300 , a data management DB  310 , and a storage data DB  320  as a data base (DB). Further, the function of the data management device  100  includes a user interface section  301 , a user authentication section  302 , an association data opening setting section  303 , a data opening control section  304 , and an association data opening group determination section  305 .  
         [0044]     In this exemplary embodiment, the user management DB  300  is the data base for storing and managing user management information shown in  FIG. 4 .  FIG. 4  is a diagram showing one example of a configuration of the user management information according to the first exemplary embodiment. As shown in  FIG. 4 , user management information  400  manages a user ID, a user name, a password, and a user-belonging group ID for every user. The user ID is uniquely allocated to a user. The user-belonging group ID is uniquely allocated to a group to which the user belongs. The same as above may also apply in the following.  
         [0045]     The data management DB  310  of the data management device  100  stores and manages data management information shown in  FIG. 5  and association data opening information shown in  FIG. 6 .  FIG. 5  is a diagram showing one example of a configuration of the data management information according to the first exemplary embodiment. As shown in  FIG. 5 , data management information  500  manages a data ID, a data owner ID, a data storage site, and a data opening group ID for every data. The data ID is uniquely allocated to data. The data owner ID is a user ID of a user having data. The data storage site indicates a storage site of data in the storage data DB  320  that stores and manages contents. Then, the data opening group ID is an ID of a group to which these data are opened. The same as above may also apply in the following.  
         [0046]      FIG. 6  is a diagram showing one example of a configuration of the association data opening information according to the first exemplary embodiment. As shown in  FIG. 6 , association data opening information  600  manages an association data opening ID, a set user ID, an association source data ID, and an association destination data ID for every association data opening information. The association data opening ID is uniquely allocated to the association data opening information. The set user ID is an ID of a user to whom association is set. Further, the association source data ID is a data ID of an association source. The association destination data ID is a data ID of an association destination.  
         [0047]     Returning to  FIG. 3 , the user interface section  301  creates and outputs a user interface screen in accordance with a display device such as the display  130  and the PCs  120 - 1  to  120 -N. Further, the user interface section  301  receives input data from an input device such as the keyboard and mouse  140  and the PCs  120 - 1  to  120 -N to transmit the input data to each function which will be described later. The user authentication section  302  searches the user management information  400  of the user management DB  300  based on a logon screen (for example, user name, password information) created in the user interface section  301 , to determine whether a user is an appropriate one. The association data opening setting section  303  updates the data management information  500  of the data management DB  310  and registers the association data opening information  600 . Here, the association data opening setting section  303  registers the information in response to the determination result of the association data opening group determination section  305 , from an association data opening setting screen (for example, association source data, association destination data, set user information) created in the user interface section  301 .  
         [0048]     Upon receipt of a data opening command through the user interface section  301 , the data opening control section  304  searches the user management information  400  from the user management DB  300  and searches the data management information  500  from the data management DB  310 . Then, the data opening control section  304  reads data to be opened from the storage data DB  320 , and creates and displays a data opening screen through the user interface section  301 . The association data opening group determination section  305  searches the user management information  400  from the user management DB  300 . The association data opening group determination section  305  searches the data management information  500  from the data management DB  310  and determines an opening group to which the association data are opened.  
         [0049]     Next, the start processing of the data management system, the association data opening setting processing, and the data opening processing of the data management system will be described with reference to FIGS.  7  to  9 . Specifically, a case will be described in which a user- 1  of the PC  120 - 1  opens the open data  1  in association with the non-open data  9  in the association setting screen shown in  FIG. 2 . The user- 1  is managed in the user management DB  300  as user management information- 1 . The open data  1  is managed in the data management DB  310  as data management information- 1 .  
         [0050]      FIG. 7  is a flowchart showing start processing of the data management system according to the first exemplary embodiment. First, in step S 701 , the processing waits for detection of user logon request operation or connection. When the user logon request operation or the connection is detected, the processing proceeds to step S 702 . In step S 702 , a logon screen is created and displayed. Then, in step S 703 , the input of a user name and a password is received. In step S 704 , the corresponding user management information- 1  is read from the user management information  400  of the user management DB  300 . Next, in step S 705 , when user authentication is completed in the user authentication section  302  (for example, a user is present and a password is matched), the processing proceeds to step S 706 . In step S 706 , data opening processing shown in  FIG. 9  is executed. This data opening processing will further be described later.  
         [0051]     Next, in steps S 707  to S 709 , the processing waits for association data opening operation caused by clicking the above-described association data opening button  201 , logout operation and disconnection not shown in the screen  200 , and termination operation by pressing a power supply button. Here, if the association data opening operation is executed, the processing proceeds to step S 721  and, the association data opening operation shown in  FIG. 8  is executed. When the logout operation or the disconnection is executed, the processing returns to step S 701  and the above-described processing is repeated. Alternatively, if the termination operation is executed, this processing ends. Further, in the above-described step S 705 , if the user authentication fails (for example, the user is not present or the password is not matched), the processing returns to step S 701 . Then, the above-described processing is repeated.  
         [0052]      FIG. 8  is a flowchart showing association data opening setting processing according to the first exemplary embodiment. First, in step S 801 , the association data opening setting section  303  reads an association source data ID, an association destination data ID, and a set user ID input in the association data opening setting screen by the user interface section  301 . Next, in step S 802 , the association data opening setting section  303  provides the association data opening ID to store the read information in the association data opening information  600  of the data management DB  310  (for example, association data opening information- 2 ). Then, in step S 803 , the association data opening setting section  303  searches the data management information  500  of the data management DB  310  based on the association destination data ID (in this case, data ID- 1 ) to read a data opening group ID- 1  from the data management information- 1 .  
         [0053]     Next, in step S 804 , the association data opening setting section  303  searches the user management information  400  of the user management DB  300  based on a set user ID to read a user-belonging group ID- 1  of a user ID- 1 . Then, in step S 805 , the association data opening setting section  303  determines a common group ID as the data opening group ID of the association source data, from the data opening group ID- 1  in step S 803  and the user-belonging group ID- 1  in step S 804 . In an example shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , a group ID 1 - 2  and a group ID 1 - 3  correspond to the data opening group of data  9 . Next, in step S 806 , the association data opening setting section  303  searches the data management information  500  based on the association source data ID to update a data opening group ID- 9  of a data ID- 9  to a group ID determined in step S 805 . Then, this processing ends.  
         [0054]     By the above-described processing, non-open data- 9  associated with the open data  1  is opened by the user- 1 . Thus, the non-open data  9  is not opened to a group ID- 1  which is unrelated to the data  1 , and a group ID- 4  which is unrelated to the user- 1 .  
         [0055]      FIG. 9  is a flowchart showing data opening processing according to the first exemplary embodiment. This processing is executed by the data opening control section  304 .  
         [0056]     First, in step S 901 , the data opening control section  304  searches data in which a user is an owner, from the data management DB  310  based on a user name of a logon user to read all data of the storage data DB  320  according to the data storage site of the data management information which manages each of data. Next, in step S 902 , the data opening control section  304  searches the user management DB  300  based on a user name of a logon user to read the user-belonging group ID- 1  from the user management information- 1  in this example. Then, in step S 903 , the data opening control section  304  reads the data opening group ID from the data management information searched in step S 901 .  
         [0057]     Next, in step S 904 , the data opening control section  304  reads data having a group common to the user-belonging group ID- 1  in step S 902  and the data opening group ID in step S 903 , from the storage data DB  320  as data to be opened. Then, in step S 905 , the data opening control section  304  reads association data opening information having a data ID of open data as an association destination data ID, from the data management DB  310  (association data opening information- 2 ). Next, in step S 906 , the data opening control section  304  creates and displays a screen from owner data in step S 901 , open data in step S 904 , and association data opening information in step S 905 . Then, this processing ends.  
         [0058]     According to the first exemplary embodiment, by associating certain data with another data to set opening, a group common to a group to which a set user belongs and a group to which data of an association destination are opened, is set as an opening group of data which is newly opened. Hence, opening is not set to a group to which an opening user does not belong or a group to which data of an association destination are not opened, so that data opening to a relevant group is realized by a simple operation. Further, since association setting is displayed, the data opening by association is clearly transmitted to a user.  
       Second Exemplary Embodiment  
       [0059]     Next, a second exemplary embodiment will be described in detail in accordance with the drawings. A configuration of a data management system in the second exemplary embodiment is the same as that in the first exemplary embodiment described using  FIG. 1 . Further, an association setting screen is the same as that in  FIG. 2  and user management information, data management information, association data opening information, and start processing are the same as those in FIGS.  4  to  7 .  
         [0060]     A functional configuration of the data management system in the second exemplary embodiment will be described using  FIG. 10 . In this exemplary embodiment, the same numerals are assigned to the functional configuration identical to the first exemplary embodiment shown in  FIG. 3 . Thus, the description thereof is omitted.  
         [0061]      FIG. 10  is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the data management system according to the second exemplary embodiment. An association data opening setting section  1003  registers the association data opening information  600  in the data management DB  310  based on the association data opening setting screen (association source data, association destination data, set user information) created in the user interface section  301 . A data opening control section  1004  inputs a data opening command through the user interface section  301 . The data opening control section  1004  searches the user management information  400  from the user management DB  300 , and the association data opening information  600  from the data management DB  310 . The data opening control section  1004  starts the association data opening group determination section  305 . The data opening control section  1004  reads data to be opened, and data to be associated and opened, from the storage data DB  320 . The data opening control section  1004  creates and displays a data opening screen through the user interface  301 .  
         [0062]     Next, association data opening setting processing and data opening processing will be described using  FIGS. 11 and 12 . Start processing of the data management system in the second exemplary embodiment is the same as that in the first exemplary embodiment shown in  FIG. 7 . Thus, the description will be omitted.  
         [0063]      FIG. 11  is a flowchart showing the association data opening setting processing of the data management system according to the second exemplary embodiment. First, in step S 1101 , the association data opening setting section  1003  reads an association source data ID, an association destination data ID, and a set user ID input in the association data opening setting screen by the user interface section  301 . Next, in step S 1102 , the association data setting section  1003  provides an association data opening ID. The association data setting section  1003  stores read information in the association data opening information  600  of the data management DB  310  (for example, association data opening information- 2  shown in  FIG. 6 ). Then, this processing ends.  
         [0064]      FIG. 12  is a flowchart showing data opening processing according to the second exemplary embodiment. First, in step S 1201 , the data opening control section  1004  reads all data in which a logon user is an owner as in the first exemplary embodiment. Next, in step S 1202 , the data opening control section  1004  searches the user management DB  300  based on a user name of the logon user. In this example, the user-belonging group ID- 1  is read from the user management information- 1 . Then, in step S 1203 , the data opening control section  1004  reads a data opening group ID from the data management information searched in step S 1201 .  
         [0065]     Next, in step S 1204 , the data opening control section  1004  reads data having a group common to the user-belonging group ID- 1  in step S 1202  and the data opening group ID in step S 1203 , as data to be opened. Then, in step S 1205 , the data opening control section  1004  reads the association data opening information having a data ID of open data as the association destination data ID from the data management DB  310  (association data opening information- 2 ). Next, in step S 1206 , the data opening control section  1004  searches the data management information  500  of the data management DB  310  based on the association destination data ID (in this case, data ID- 1 ) and reads the data opening group ID- 1  from the data management information- 1 .  
         [0066]     Next, in step S 1207 , the data opening control section  1004  searches the user management information  400  of the user management DB  300  based on a set user ID and reads the user-belonging group ID- 1  of the user ID- 1 . Then, in step S 1208 , the data opening control section  1004  determines a group ID common to the data opening group ID- 1  in step S 1206  and the user-belonging group ID- 1  in step S 1207 , as the data opening group ID of the association source data. Next, in step S 209 , the data opening control section  1004  reads the association source data from the storage data DB  320  in which a group ID common to the data opening group of the association source data and the user-belonging group ID of a logon user are present, and adds the association source data to open data. Then, in step S 1210 , as in the first exemplary embodiment, the data opening control section  1004  creates a screen from owner data, open data, and association data opening information and displays them. Then, this processing ends.  
         [0067]     In the second exemplary embodiment, since certain data is associated with another data to set opening, a group common to a group to which a set user belongs and a group to which data of an association destination are opened, is set as an opening group of newly opened data. Hence, opening is not set to a group to which an opening user does not belong and a group to which data of an association destination are not opened so that data opening to a relevant group is realized by a simple operation.  
         [0068]     Further, in the second exemplary embodiment, since the determination of the association data opening group is carried out at the time the data are opened. Thus, even if the user-belonging group or the data opening group is changed, it is not necessary to update the association data opening group. Further, in the second exemplary embodiment, since association setting is displayed, the opening of data by association is clearly transmitted to a user.  
       Third Exemplary Embodiment  
       [0069]     Next, a third exemplary embodiment will be described in accordance with the drawings. The configuration of a data management system and a data management device in the third exemplary embodiment is the same as those in the first exemplary embodiment described using  FIGS. 1 and 3 . Further, user management information, data management information, association data opening information, and start processing are similar to FIGS.  4  to  7 .  
         [0070]      FIG. 13  is a diagram showing one example of an association setting screen of the data management system according to the third exemplary embodiment. As shown in  FIG. 13 , a setting screen  1300  includes an open data area  1302 , a non-open data area  1303 , and an association data opening button  1301 . In this example, data- 1  to data- 7  are open data, and data- 8  and data- 9  are non-open data.  FIG. 13  shows a state in which the data- 9  is to be associated with data- 1  and opened. For a specific example of an operation for association, the association data opening button  201  is clicked and after that, the data- 9  is dragged to data- 1  by a mouse. A determination button and a cancel button (not shown in this exemplary embodiment) can be provided.  
         [0071]      FIG. 14  is a flowchart showing the association data opening setting processing of the data management system according to the third exemplary embodiment. This processing is executed by the association data opening setting section  303  and the association data opening group determination section  305 .  
         [0072]     First, in step S 1401 , the association data opening setting section  303  reads an association source data ID, an association destination data ID, and a set user ID input in the association data opening setting screen by the user interface section  301 . Next, in step S 1402 , the association data opening setting section  303  reads a data opening group ID of association destination data, from the data management DB  310  based on an association destination data ID. In this exemplary embodiment, as in the first exemplary embodiment, the association data opening setting section  303  reads the data opening group ID- 1  from the data management information- 1 .  
         [0073]     Next, in step S 1403 , the association data opening group determination section  305  searches the user management information  400  of the user management DB  300  based on a set user ID and reads the user-belonging group ID- 1  of the user ID- 1 . Then, in step  1404 , the association data opening group determination section  305  determines a common group ID as the data opening group ID of the association source data from the data opening group ID- 1  in step S 1402  and the user-belonging group ID-I in step S 1403 . Next, in step S 1405 , as in the first exemplary embodiment, the association data opening group determination section  305  updates the data opening group ID- 9  of the association source data ID (in this case, corresponding to data  9 ) to the group ID determined in step S 1404 . Then, this processing ends.  
         [0074]      FIG. 15  is a flowchart showing the data opening processing of the data management system according to the third exemplary embodiment. First, in step S 1501 , the data opening control section  304  searches data in which a user is an owner, from the data management DB  310  based on a user name of a logon user and reads all data of the storage data DB  320  according to the data storage site of data management information in which each data is managed. Next, in step S 1502 , the data opening control section  304  searches the user management DB  300  based on a user name of a logon user. In this example, the data opening control section  304  reads the user-belonging group ID- 1  from the user management information- 1 . Then, in step S 1503 , the data opening control section  304  reads the data opening group ID from the data management information searched in step S 1501 .  
         [0075]     Next, in step S 1504 , the data opening control section  304  reads data having a group common to the user-belonging group ID- 1  in step S 1502  and the data opening group ID in step S 1503 , as data to be opened, from the storage data DB  320 . Then, in step S 1505 , the data opening control section  304  creates and displays a screen from owner data and open data. Then, this processing ends.  
         [0076]     In the third exemplary embodiment, by associating certain data with another data to set opening, a group common to a group to which a set user belongs and a group to which data of an association destination are opened, is set as an opening group of newly opened data. Hence, opening is not set to a group to which an opening user does not belong or a group to which data of an association destination are not opened so that data opening to a relevant group is realized by a simple operation  
         [0077]     Further, in the third exemplary embodiment, the opening setting of the association data can be carried out with a more intuitive operation.  
       Fourth Exemplary Embodiment  
       [0078]     Next, a fourth exemplary embodiment will be described in detail in accordance with the drawings. The configuration of a data management system and a data management device in the fourth exemplary embodiment is the same as those in the first exemplary embodiment described using  FIGS. 1 and 3 . Further user management information, data management information, start processing, and data opening processing are similar to  FIGS. 4, 5 ,  7  and  9 .  
         [0079]      FIG. 16  is a diagram showing one example of a configuration of association data opening information according to the fourth exemplary embodiment. As shown in  FIG. 16 , association data opening information  1600  includes an association data opening ID, an association source data ID, and an association destination data ID. In this exemplary embodiment, the association data opening ID is uniquely allocated to the association data opening information. The same as above may also apply in the following. Further, the association source data ID is a data ID of an association source. The association destination data ID is a data ID of an association destination.  
         [0080]      FIG. 17  is a flowchart showing association data opening setting processing according to the fourth exemplary embodiment. First, in step S 1701 , the association data opening setting section  303  reads an association source data ID, and an association destination data ID input in the association data opening setting screen by the user interface section  301 . Next, in step S 1702 , the association data opening setting section  303  provides an association data opening ID and stores read information in the association data opening information  1600  of the data management DB  310  (for example, association data opening information- 2  shown in  FIG. 16 ). Then, in step S 1703 , the association data opening setting section  303  searches the data management information  500  of the data management DB  310  based on the association destination data ID (in this case, data-ID- 1 ) and reads the data opening group ID- 1  from the data management information- 1 .  
         [0081]     Next, in step S 1704 , the association data opening setting section  303  reads a data owner ID from the data management DB  310  based on the association source data ID. Next, in step S 1705 , the association data opening group determination section  305  reads a user-belonging group ID from the user management DB  300  based on a data owner ID. Then, in step S 1706 , the association data opening setting section  303  determines a group ID common in a read data opening group ID and a user-belonging group ID as a data opening group ID of association source data. In step S 1707 , then, the association data opening setting section  303  updates the data opening group ID of the data management information  500  of the association source data. Then, the processing ends.  
         [0082]     In step S 901  of data opening processing, only data that a logon user is an owner, are read and displayed on the non-open data display area  203  of the association setting screen  200 . Hence, a user who can set association is limited to an owner of data.  
         [0083]     In the fourth exemplary embodiment, by associating certain data with another data to set opening, a group common to a group to which a set user belongs and a group to which data of an association destination are opened, is set as an opening group of data to be newly opened. Hence, opening is not set to a group to which an opening user does not belong and a group to which data of an association destination are not opened so that data opening to a relevant group is realized by a simple operation. Further, it is not necessary to hold a set user ID in the association data opening information, thus the usage of a resource can be reduced.  
         [0084]     Further, in the fourth exemplary embodiment, since association setting is displayed, the opening of data by association is clearly transmitted to a user.  
         [0085]     Note that the present invention can also be applied to a system including a plurality of instruments (for example, host computer, interface equipment, reader, printer or the like), or an apparatus including one instrument (for example, copying machine, facsimile machine or the like).  
         [0086]     Further, a system or an apparatus is supplied with a recording medium that records a program code of software which realizes the function of the above-described exemplary embodiment. A computer (CPU or MPU) of the system or the apparatus reads and executes the program code stored in the recording medium. The present invention can also be implemented in this way.  
         [0087]     In this case, the program code itself read from the recording medium realizes the function of the above-described exemplary embodiment. Thus, the recording medium storing the program code constitutes the present invention.  
         [0088]     The recording medium for providing this program code includes, for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM, a CD-R, a magnetic tape, a non-volatile memory card, and a ROM.  
         [0089]     Further, not only by executing the program code read by a computer, the above-described function is realized, but also an operating system (OS) or the like running on the computer can execute a part or all of actual processing based on the command of the program code, thereby realizing the function of the above-described exemplary embodiment.  
         [0090]     Further, the present invention also includes the case in which the program code read out from the recording medium is written in a memory provided in a functional extension board inserted into the computer or a functional extension unit connected to the computer, then a CPU or the like provided in the functional extension board or the functional extension unit executes a part or all of actual processing based on the command of the program code, thereby realizing the function of the above-described exemplary embodiment.  
         [0091]     While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all modifications, equivalent structures, and functions.  
         [0092]     This application claims priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-353987 filed Dec. 7, 2005, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.