Abstract:
The present application relates to the inclusion of one or more wrinkle reducing ingredients in a laundry detergent product. The benefits are delivered to the laundered item during the cleaning step and, therefore, reduces the need for further wrinkle reducing steps when the items are taken from the dryer or after hang drying.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This applications claims priority to Provisional application Ser. No. 60/105,865 filed Oct. 27, 1998 and is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 09/293,754 filed Apr. 16, 1999. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     When textiles, such as clothing, linens and the like, are laundered, it is typically desired that wrinkles be eliminated or minimized after the cleaning and drying process. Mechanical wrinkle reduction techniques, such as heat and pressure (for example, ironing), have been used but can be time consuming and inconvenient. 
     Known attempts to reduce wrinkles by means of chemical ingredients in the wash include the use of zwitterionic surfactants, aminosilicones, curable aminosilicones, cellulase enzymes and alkyl amides. However, each of these ingredients have one or more drawbacks. For example, zwitterionic surfactants are believed to work best in cold water. Aminosilicones can cause yellowing and can be difficult to formulate. Curable aminosilicones require the heat of an iron to reduce wrinkles. Cellulase enzymes generally require several wash cycles before anti-wrinkle benefits become noticeable. Alkyl amides are not very effective relative to other wrinkle reducing agents. 
     Therefore, there is a need for an effective and efficient means for eliminating or reducing wrinkles in textiles. To be effective and efficient, the ingredient should preferably work across a broad range of water temperatures, not require the use of an iron, have little to no discoloration effect on the laundered item and/or provide a noticeable wrinkle reducing benefit after relatively few wash cycles. 
     SUMMARY 
     The present application relates to the inclusion of one or more wrinkle reducing ingredients in a laundry detergent product. The benefits are delivered to the laundered item during the cleaning step and, therefore, reduces the need for further wrinkle reducing steps when the items are taken from the dryer or after hang drying. Delivery can be achieved by direct dosing, drawer dispensing or by other known dosing means. Tablets can also be dosed in mesh bags. 
     The ingredients that facilitate the benefit of wrinkle reduction are believed to lubricate fiber surfaces. By lubricating the fiber surfaces of garments, for example, the fibers slide more easily relative to each other and are less likely to entangle, resulting in less wrinkles. The preferred fiber lubricants disclosed herein have been shown to noticeably reduce the number of wrinkles. The preferred embodiments also overcome one or more of the above noted disadvantages of prior wrinkle reducing agents or methods. 
     While it is known that lubricants can be used to reduce wrinkles in textiles, it was surprisingly found that these materials work from a main wash detergent. More particularly, main wash detergents are highly diluted and are subject to one or more rinse cycles. Such high dilution and rinsing would be expected to diminish or eliminate the desired wrinkle reduction effect of the lubricant. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Several molecules have been identified for wrinkle reduction benefits when included in known liquid detergent formulations. Using the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) method # 124 (described in greater detail, below), the following molecular classes were found to reduce the number of wrinkles on test cloths: polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane; linear aminopolydimethylsiloxane polyalkyleneoxide copolymers; sulfated/sulfonated vegetable oils, such as sulfated canola oil or sulfated castor oil; high molecular weight polyacrylamides; betaine siloxane copolymers; and alkylactam siloxane coplymers. Of the foregoing, a most preferred wrinkle reducing agent is a polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane, sold under the name Silwet L-7622, available from Witco, Greenwich, Conn. Other most preferred wrinkle reducing agents are sulfated canola oil and/or castor oil available from Freedom Chemical Co., Charlotte, N.C. 
     One or more of the molecules/compounds from the above-identified classes are preferably included in known detergent formulations in an effective amount sufficing to reduce the occurrence of wrinkles as compared to clothing laundered and dried in a similar manner with a detergent formulation that excludes the wrinkle reducing agents. An effective amount of the wrinkle reducing ingredient is preferably from about 0.1 wt % to about 5 wt % and most preferably from about 0.3 wt % to about 1.5 wt %. However, sulfated/sulfonated vegetable oils can be used at even higher levels, such as from 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % due to their ease of formulation and relatively low cost. Suitable liquid detergent formulations are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,261,868; 4,322,308; 4,959,179; 5,089,163; 5,147,576; and 5,205,957, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
     An additional advantage of the above-identified wrinkle reducing ingredients is that the molecules/compounds do not have a net positive charge in a neutral or alkaline medium, i.e. a medium having a pH greater than or equal to about 6.5. Lack of a net positive charge makes their inclusion in liquid detergents containing anionic surfactants much easier. More specifically, they are less likely to precipitate with negatively charged surfactants. 
     A further advantage is the likelihood of “yellowing” fabrics with the above wrinkle reducing molecules is less than with amine-containing ingredients. In addition, some of the above wrinkle reducing ingredients, such as sulfated vegetable oils, are relatively inexpensive. 
     Test Method and Examples 
     Wrinkle reduction was measured by using the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists&#39; (AATCC) method # 124, Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering. In this method, four cloth types (silk, rayon, cotton, and linen) are washed, dried and stored in a well defined way. The dried cloths are then evaluated for wrinkle content by comparison with wrinkle smoothness replicas which can be purchased from AATCC. Factors such as the light used, the angle of the cloths and replicas to the light, and the background are carefully controlled and described in the method. There are six replicas with values of 1, 2, 3, 3.5, 4, and 5 with 5 being perfectly smooth and 1 being very wrinkled. Three trained observers are asked to give a value of 1-5, to the nearest 0.5 unit, to each cloth based on which replica it most closely resembles. The results are totaled and averaged over the three observers for each cloth type. According to the method, a difference of greater than 0.17 between the results for two products indicates there is a significant difference at the 95% confidence level. A difference of greater than or equal to 0.25 indicates a significant difference at the 99% confidence level. 
    
    
     EXAMPLE 1 
     The following formulation containing a wrinkle reduction ingredient was produced: 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Formulation 1 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Percent in Formula (by weight) 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 sodium alcohol ethoxy sulfate 
                 11.0 
               
               
                 9EO alcohol ethoxylate 
                 6.0 
               
               
                 sodium linear alkyl benzene sulfonate 
                 6.0 
               
               
                 propylene glycol 
                 4.0 
               
               
                 Sorbitol 
                 3.5 
               
               
                 Borax 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 sodium citrate 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 Silwet L-7622* 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 protease enzyme 
                 0.25 
               
               
                 lipase enzyme 
                 0.5 
               
               
                 Water 
                 to 100% 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 *Wrinkle reduction agent - polyoxyalkylene modified polydimethylsiloxane from Witco Chemical Co.  
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Formulation 2 (the same as formulation 1 without the wrinkle reduction agent present) was also produced. 
     One wash with each detergent was performed using 111.4 g of detergent in 17 gallons of water at 95 F. In each wash, cotton swatches were included along with six pounds of cotton ballast. The cotton swatches were used to determine the level of wrinkle reduction. 
     Wrinkle reduction results gave a wrinkle score of 1.78 for the L-7622-containing detergent and 1.17 for the control. These results indicate a statistical win for the detergent containing L-7622 at the 99% confidence level. 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     The following formulation containing a wrinkle reduction ingredient was produced: 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Formulation 3 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Ingredient 
                 Percent in Formula 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 sodium alcohol ethoxy sulfate 
                 11.0 
               
               
                   
                 9EO alcohol ethoxylate 
                 6.0 
               
               
                   
                 sodium linear alkyl benzene sulfonate 
                 6.0 
               
               
                   
                 propylene glycol 
                 4.0 
               
               
                   
                 Sorbitol 
                 3.5 
               
               
                   
                 Borax 
                 2.0 
               
               
                   
                 sodium citrate 
                 1.5 
               
               
                   
                 Freedom Scano-75* 
                 1.0 
               
               
                   
                 protease enzyme 
                 0.25 
               
               
                   
                 lipase enzyme 
                 0.5 
               
               
                   
                 Water 
                 to 100% 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 *Wrinkle reduction agent - sulfated canola oil from Freedom Chemical Co.  
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Formulation 4 (the same as formulation 3 without the wrinkle reduction agent present) was also produced. 
     One wash with each detergent was performed using 111.4 g of detergent in 17 gallons of water at 95 F. In each wash, silk swatches were included along with six pounds of cotton ballast. The silk swatches were used to determine the level of wrinkle reduction. Wrinkle reduction results gave a wrinkle score of 2.89 for the Freedom Scano75-containing detergent and 2.39 for the control. 
     These results indicate a statistical win for the detergent containing Freedom Scano-75 at the 99% confidence level. 
     The following formulations show preferred ranges of ingredients in accordance with the present disclosure. Formulations 5 and 7 represent detergents having ethoxylated organosilicone copolymers as the wrinkle reducing agent while formulations 6 and 8 represent detergents having sulfated castor oil as the wrinkle reducing agent. Formulations 9 and 10 represent powdered and tabulated formulations, respectfully. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 FORMULATION 5 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Percent in Formula (Based on 
               
               
                 Ingredient-Chemical Name 
                 100% Active Raw) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE 
                  4.0-15.0 
               
               
                 SODIUM ALKYL ETHOXY SULFATE 
                  7.0-25.0 
               
               
                 ALKYLBENZENE SULFONIC ACID 
                  4.0-15.0 
               
               
                 SODIUM HYDROXIDE 
                 0.3-2.5 
               
               
                 PROPYLENE GLYCOL 
                  2.0-10.0 
               
               
                 SORBITOL 
                  2.0-10.0 
               
               
                 SODIUM TETRABORATE 
                  2.0-10.0 
               
               
                 PENTAHYDRATE 
               
               
                 SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE 
                  1.5-10.0 
               
               
                 ETHOXYLATED ORGANOSILICONE 
                 0.5-5.0 
               
               
                 COPOLYMER 
               
               
                 COCONUT FATTY ACID 
                 0.4-2.5 
               
               
                 FLUORESCENT WHITENING 
                 0.1-0.6 
               
               
                 AGENT 
               
               
                 ANTIREDEPOSITION AGENT 
                 0.15-1.5  
               
               
                 Enzyme-Protease 
                 0.15-1.5  
               
               
                 Enzyme-Lipase 
                   0-2.0 
               
               
                 MONOETHANOLAMINE 
                 0.1-1.5 
               
               
                 PERFUME 
                 0.1-1.0 
               
               
                 WATER to 100% 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 FORMULATION 6 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Percent in Formula (Based on 
               
               
                 Ingredient-Chemical Name 
                 100% Active Raw) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE 
                 4.0-15.0 
               
               
                 SODIUM ALKYL ETHOXY SULFATE 
                 7.0-25.0 
               
               
                 ALKYLBENZENE SULFONIC ACID 
                 4.0-15.0 
               
               
                 SODIUM HYDROXIDE 
                 0.3-2.5  
               
               
                 PROPYLENE GLYCOL 
                 2.0-10.0 
               
               
                 SORBITOL 
                 2.0-10.0 
               
               
                 SODIUM TETRABORATE 
                 2.0-10.0 
               
               
                 PENTAHYDRATE 
               
               
                 SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE 
                 1.5-10.0 
               
               
                 SULFATED CASTOR OIL 
                 0.5-10.0 
               
               
                 COCONUT FATTY ACID 
                 0.4-2.5  
               
               
                 FLUORESCENT WHITENING 
                 0.1-0.6  
               
               
                 AGENT 
               
               
                 ANTIREDEPOSITION AGENT 
                 0.15-1.5  
               
               
                 Enzyme-Protease 
                 0.15-1.5  
               
               
                 Enzyme-Lipase 
                  0-2.0 
               
               
                 MONOETHANOLAMINE 
                 0.1-1.5  
               
               
                 PERFUME 
                 0.1-1.0  
               
               
                 WATER to 100% 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 FORMULATION 7 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Percent in Formula (Based on 
               
               
                 Ingredient-Chemical Name 
                 100% Active Raw) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE 
                 3.5-20.0 
               
               
                 ALKYLBENZENE SULFONIC ACID 
                 9.5-30.0 
               
               
                 SODIUM HYDROXIDE 
                 1.0-10.0 
               
               
                 ETHOXYLATED ORGANOSILICONE 
                 0.5-5.0  
               
               
                 COPOLYMER 
               
               
                 SODIUM XYLENE SULFONATE 
                 0.75-10.0  
               
               
                 STEARIC ACID 
                 0.09-0.5  
               
               
                 SODIUM SILICATE 
                 2.0-12.0 
               
               
                 FLUORESCENT WHITENING 
                 0.04-0.4  
               
               
                 AGENT 
               
               
                 PERFUME 
                 0.1-1.0  
               
               
                 WATER to 100% 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 FORMULATION 8 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Percent in Formula (Based on 
               
               
                 Ingredient-Chemical Name 
                 100% Active Raw) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE 
                 3.5-20.0 
               
               
                 ALKYLBENZENE SULFONIC ACID 
                 9.5-30.0 
               
               
                 SODIUM HYDROXIDE 
                 1.0-10.0 
               
               
                 SULFATED CASTOR OIL 
                 0.5-10.0 
               
               
                 SODIUM XYLENE SULFONATE 
                 0.75-10.0  
               
               
                 STEARIC ACID 
                 0.09-0.5  
               
               
                 SODIUM SILICATE 
                 2.0-12.0 
               
               
                 FLUORESCENT WHITENING 
                 0.04-0.4  
               
               
                 AGENT 
               
               
                 PERFUME 
                 0.1-1.0  
               
               
                 WATER to 100% 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 FORMULATION 9 (Detergent Powder) 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate 
                 13.8% 
               
               
                   
                 (LAS) 
               
               
                   
                 Ethoxylated nonionics (5 to 15 moles 
                 5.2% 
               
               
                   
                 EO) 
               
               
                   
                 Sodium aluminosilicate 
                 28% 
               
               
                   
                 Sodium carbonate 
                 20% 
               
               
                   
                 Sodium sulfate 
                 18% 
               
               
                   
                 Sodium silicate 
                 0.5% 
               
               
                   
                 Polyacrylates 
                 1.4 
               
               
                   
                 Sodium perborate 
                 0 to 8% 
               
               
                   
                 Protease enzyme 
                 0.5% 
               
               
                   
                 Perfume 
                 0.4% 
               
               
                   
                 Fluorescent Whitener 
                 0.3% 
               
               
                   
                 Anti-Wrinkle agent 
                 See Table A 
               
               
                   
                 Water and miscellaneous 
                 to 100% 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 FORMULATION 10 (Detergent Tablet) 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate 
                 9.4% 
               
               
                   
                 Ethoxylated nonionics (5 to 15 mole 
                 4% 
               
               
                   
                 EO) 
               
               
                   
                 Sodium aluminosilicate 
                 25% 
               
               
                   
                 Sodium carbonate 
                 24.5% 
               
               
                   
                 Sodium sulfate 
                 5.4% 
               
               
                   
                 Sodium Acetate trihydrate 
                 25% 
               
               
                   
                 Fluorescent whitener 
                 0.3% 
               
               
                   
                 Stearic soap 
                 0.75% 
               
               
                   
                 Perfume 
                 0.4% 
               
               
                   
                 Protease enzyme 
                 0.5% 
               
               
                   
                 Polyacrylates 
                 1.2% 
               
               
                   
                 Anti-Wrinkle ingredients 
                 See Table A 
               
               
                   
                 Water and miscellaneous 
                 to 100% 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE A 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 (Anti-wrinkle Ingredients) 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Ethoxylated organosilicones 
                 1-10% 
               
               
                   
                 Polyalkyleneoxide modified 
                 1-10% 
               
               
                   
                 polydimethylsiloxane 
               
               
                   
                 Linear aminopolydimethylsiloxane 
                 1-10% 
               
               
                   
                 polyalkyeneoxides 
               
               
                   
                 Sulfated oil 
                 1-10% 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Components in Table A can either be used individually or in combination with the total level being preferably between about 1 to about 10%. 
     While the above-identified wrinkle reducing agents are preferably incorporated in detergent compositions, they can also be used in other formulations, such as in rinse treatments or other garment care products. 
     All component percentages are based on weight, unless otherwise indicated. All numerical values are considered to be modified by the term “about” and should be given the broadest available range of equivalents when construing the claims.