Abstract:
A system, method and processor medium that manages automatic generation of output from an on-line analytical processing system. Scheduled services are processed in an on-line analytical processing system and output from the OLAP system is then automatically forwarded to one or more subscriber output devices specified for that service. The system manages the operation of the service processing system to increase throughput, increase speed, and improve the administrator control over the processing. The system may maintain dynamic recipient lists that are resolved by system. The system. enables administrator control over processing by enabling administrators to view all services and all subscribers of the system, by maintaining an address book containing entries for subscribers of the service and enables a system user to view the contents of the address book, and by scheduling processing of services. The system governs the volume of services being processed, the number of subscribers to a particular service, and the number of output devices to which a service may be broadcast.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION  
       [0001]    This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/126,055 entitled “System and Method for Automatic Transmission of On-Line Analytical Processing System Report Output.” This application is also related by subject matter to the following U.S. Patent Applications: “System and Method For Automatic Transmission of On-Line Analytical Processing System Report Output,” Attorney Docket No. 53470.000013; “System and Method For Automatic Transmission Of Personalized OLAP Report Output,” Attorney Docket No. 53470.000008; “System and Method For Subscription Interfacing in an Automatic Broadcast OLAP Report System,” Attorney Docket No. 53470.000009; and “System and Method for Adaptable Automatic Output of OLAP Reports To Output Devices,” Attorney Docket No. 53470.000010. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002]    This invention relates to a system and method for managing automatic broadcasting of information derived from on-line analytical processing system reports to subscriber devices, including electronic mail, personal digital assistants, pagers, facsimiles, printers, mobile phones, and telephones, based on subscriber-specified criteria. 
       The ability to act quickly and decisively in today&#39;s increasingly competitive marketplace is critical to the success of any organization. The volume of data that is available to organizations is rapidly increasing and frequently overwhelming. The availability of large volumes of data presents various challenges. One challenge is to avoid inundating an individual with unnecessary information. Another challenge is to ensure all relevant information is available in a timely manner. 
       [0003]    One known approach to addressing these and other challenges is known as data warehousing. Data warehouses, relational databases, and data marts are becoming important elements of many information delivery systems because they provide a central location where a reconciled version of data extracted from a wide variety of operational systems may be stored. As used herein, a data warehouse should be understood to be an informational database that stores shareable data from one or more operational databases of record, such as one or more transaction-based database systems. A data warehouse typically allows users to tap into a business&#39;s vast store of operational data to track and respond to business trends that facilitate forecasting and planning efforts. A data mart may be considered to be a type of data warehouse that focuses on a particular business segment. 
         [0004]    Decision support systems have been developed to efficiently retrieve selected information from data warehouses. One type of decision support system is known as an on-line analytical processing system (“OLAP”). In general, OLAP systems analyze the data from a number of different perspectives and support complex analyses against large input data sets. 
         [0005]    There are at least three different types of OLAP architectures—ROLAP, MOLAP. and HOLAP. ROLAP (“Relational On-Line Analytical Processing”) systems are systems that use a dynamic server connected to a relational database system. Multidimensional OLAP (“MOLAP”) utilizes a proprietary multidimensional database (“MDDB”) to provide OLAP analyses. The main premise of this architecture is that data must be stored multidimensionally to be viewed multidimensionally. A HOLAP (“Hybrid On-Line Analytical Processing”) system is a hybrid of these two. 
         [0006]    ROLAP is a three-tier, client/server architecture comprising a presentation tier, an application logic tier and a relational database tier. The relational database tier stores data and connects to the application logic tier. The application logic tier comprises a ROLAP engine that executes multidimensional reports from multiple end users. The ROLAP engine integrates with a variety of presentation layers, through which users perform OLAP analyses. The presentation layers enable users to provide requests to the ROLAP engine. The premise of ROLAP is that OLAP capabilities are best provided directly against a relational database, e.g., the data warehouse. 
         [0007]    In a ROLAP system, data from transaction-processing systems is loaded into a defined data model in the data warehouse. Database routines are run to aggregate the data, if required by the data model. Indices are then created to optimize query access times. End users submit multidimensional analyses to the ROLAP engine, which then dynamically transforms the requests into SQL execution plans. The SQL is submitted to the relational database for processing, the relational query results are cross-tabulated, and a multidimensional result set is returned to the end user. ROLAP is a fully dynamic architecture capable of utilizing pre-calculated results when they are available, or dynamically generating results from atomic information when necessary. 
         [0008]    The ROLAP architecture directly accesses data from data warehouses, and therefore supports optimization techniques to meet batch window requirements and to provide fast response times. These optimization techniques typically include application-level table partitioning, aggregate inferencing, denormalization support, and multiple fact tablejoins. 
         [0009]    MOLAP is a two-tier, client/server architecture. In this architecture, the MDDB serves as both the database layer and the application logic layer. In the database layer, the MDDB system is responsible for all data storage, access, and retrieval processes. In the application logic layer, the MDDB is responsible for the execution of all OLAP requests. The presentation layer integrates with the application logic layer and provides an interface through which the end users view and request OLAP analyses. The client/server architecture allows multiple users to access the multidimensional database. 
         [0010]    Information from a variety of transaction-processing systems is loaded into the MDDB System through a series of batch routines. Once this atomic data has been loaded into the MDDB, the general approach is to perform a series of batch calculations to aggregate along the orthogonal dimensions and fill the MDDB array structures. For example, revenue figures for all of the stores in a state would be added together to fill the state level cells in the database. After the array structure in the database has been filled. indices are created and hashing algorithms are used to improve query access times. 
         [0011]    Once this compilation process has been completed, the MDDB is ready for use. Users request OLAP reports through the presentation layer, and the application logic layer of the MDDB retrieves the stored data. 
         [0012]    The MOLAP architecture is a compilation-intensive architecture. It principally reads the pre-compiled data, and has limited capabilities to dynamically create aggregations or to calculate business metrics that have not been pre-calculated and stored. 
         [0013]    The hybrid OLAP (“HOLAP”) solution is a mix of MOLAP and relational architectures that support inquiries against summary and transaction data in an integrated fashion. The HOLAP approach enables a user to perform multidimensional analysis on data in the MDDB. However, if the user reaches the bottom of the multidimensional hierarchy and requires more detailed data, the HOLAP engine generates an SQL to retrieve the detailed data from the source relational database management system (“RDBMS”) and returns it to the end user. HOLAP implementations rely on simple SQL statements to pull large quantities of data into the mid-tier, multidimensional engine for processing. This constrains the range of inquiry and returns large, unrefined result sets that can overwhelm networks with limited bandwidth. 
         [0014]    As described above, each of these types of OLAP systems are typically client-server systems. The OLAP engine resides on the server side and a module is typically provided at a client-side to enable users to input queries and report requests to the OLAP engine. Current client-side modules are typically stand alone software modules that are loaded on client-side computer systems. One drawback of such systems is that a user must learn how to operate the client-side software module in order to initiate queries and generate reports. 
         [0015]    Although various user interfaces have been developed to enable users to access the content of data warehouses through server systems, many such systems experience significant drawbacks. All of these systems require that the user connect via a computer system to the server system to initiate reports and view the contents of the reports. 
         [0016]    Moreover, current systems require that the user initiate a request for a report each time the user desires to have that report generated. A particular user may desire to run a particular report frequently to determine the status of the report. 
         [0017]    Further, reports may be extensive and may contain a large amount of information for a user to sort through each time a report is run. A particular user may only be interested in knowing if a particular value or set of values in the report has changed over a predetermined period of time. Current systems require the user to initiate the new report and then scan through the new report to determine if the information has changed over the time period specified. 
         [0018]    These and other drawbacks exist with current OLAP interface systems. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0019]    An object of the invention is to overcome these and other drawbacks in existing systems. 
         [0020]    Another object of the present invention is to provide a system that manages and controls the automatic broadcast of messages to subscribers based on criteria established by the subscriber when those criteria are determined to be satisfied by an on-line analytical processing system. 
         [0021]    Another object of the present invention is to provide a subscriber-based system for automatic broadcast of OLAP reports that enables a system administrator to monitor performance and output of the system. 
         [0022]    Another object of the present invention is to provide a subscriber-based system for automatic broadcast of OLAP reports that enables a system administrator to view subscribers to various services of the system. 
         [0023]    Another object of the present invention is to provide a subscriber-based system for automatic broadcast of OLAP reports that enables a system administrator to manage the scheduling of services to output reports. 
         [0024]    Another object of the present invention is to provide a subscriber-based system for automatic broadcast of OLAP reports that stores an address book for subscribers of the system and enables a system administrator to modify and maintain the address book. 
         [0025]    Another object of the present invention is to provide a subscriber-based system for automatic broadcast of OLAP reports that enables use of dynamic recipient lists that are rendered to determine who receives output from the system. 
         [0026]    These and other objects are realized by a system and method according to the present invention as described below. Such a system and method comprises a broadcast module that connects to an on-line analytical processing (OLAP) system comprising a server system for accessing information in one or more data warehouses to perform report analysis. The broadcast module may enable the defining of a service. A “service” as used herein should be understood to include one or more reports that are scheduled to be run against one or more data warehouses, relational databases, files in a directory, information from web or file transfer protocol sites, information provided by a custom module, by a server system. These services may be subscribed to by users or user devices to enable the broadcast module to determine who should receive the results of a service. The broadcast module enables the creation of a service, the scheduling of the service, subscription of users to the defined services, generation of reports for the service, formatting of outputs of the service and broadcasting of messages based on the output for the service, among other functions. 
         [0027]    Also, an administrator module may be provided that manages automatic generation of output from the on-line analytical processing system. The administrator module manages the operation of the service processing system to increase throughput, increase speed, and improve the administrator control over the processing. The system may maintain dynamic recipient lists that are resolved by system. The system enables administrator control over processing by enabling administrators to view all services and all subscribers of the system, by maintaining an address book containing entries for subscribers of the service and enabling the administrator to view the contents of the address book, and by scheduling processing of services. The system also governs the volume of services being processed, the number of subscribers to a particular service, and the number of output devices to which a service may be broadcast. 
         [0028]    According to one embodiment of the present invention, a system for automatically generating output from an on-line analytical processing system based on scheduled services specified by subscribers of the system is provided. The system processes scheduled services in an on-line analytical processing system with each service comprising at least one query to be performed by the on-line analytical processing system. The system then automatically forwards output from the services to one or more subscriber output devices specified for that service. The system may also provide management of the output devices. Users may define new services, including the schedule of the services and the type, such as alert services or scheduled services, and may also subscribe to the services provided by the system. If an alert service is processed, the system may forward output only when one or more alert criteria are satisfied. Subscribers may be specified by a dynamic recipient list that is resolved each time the service is processed to determine recipients of the service output. A dynamic recipient list may be, for example, a list that determines the recipients of a service based on dynamically resolved criteria. For example, a bank may generate a list every month that identifies customers who have an account balance greater than $100,000 and who have not made a transaction within the last three months. The output devices the system may forward output to may comprise electronic mailbox, facsimile, printer, mobile phone, telephone, pager, PDA or web pages. 
         [0029]    According to another embodiment of the present invention, a system that enables subscribers to personalize services used for automatically generating output from an on-line analytical processing system is provided. In addition to enabling subscribers to specify the content and schedule of one or more services, the system enables subscribers to personalize various other parameters relating to the service. For example, subscribers may specify the format of service output, filters to be applied to the service, and a variety of other personalization options described in greater detail below. 
         [0030]    According to another embodiment of the invention, the system utilizes static recipient lists (“SRL”) and dynamic recipient lists (“DRL”) for determining subscribers to a service. SRLs may be a list of manually entered subscriber names of a particular service. DRLs, however, may be a report generated by the system listing subscriber names that meet a predetermined criteria for a service. DRLs enable lists of subscribers to change according to certain criteria applied to contents of a database. For example, a DRL may be used to broadcast a sales report to only those subscribers who are managers of stores who have not met a predetermined sales goal. 
         [0031]    Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art upon reviewing the detailed description of the present invention. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
         [0032]      FIG. 1  is a schematic block diagram of a system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0033]      FIG. 2  is a schematic block diagram of a method for automatic transmission of OLAP report information. 
           [0034]      FIG. 3  is a schematic block diagram of a method for creating a service according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0035]      FIG. 4  is a schematic block diagram of an overall system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0036]    According to one embodiment of the present invention, a system is provided for automatic transmission of OLAP report output to one or more of a plurality of user output devices.  FIG. 1  depicts an embodiment of a system  100  according to the present invention. System  100  may comprise a data warehouse  12 , a server system  14 , a broadcast module  20 , an object creation module  24 , an agent module  28 , and one or more user devices  40 . User devices  40  may comprise a facsimile  40   a , pager  40   b , mobile telephone  40   c , electronic mail  40   d , and web page output  40   e.    
         [0037]    Broadcast module  20  may comprise a module that broadcasts personalized information derived from the OLAP system (e.g., data warehouse  12  and sever system  14 ) to users via one or more user devices  40  such as electronic mail, PDA, facsimile, printer, pager, mobile phone, telephone, and multiple other types of user information devices. Broadcast module  20  enables users to define services (e.g., queries and reports) that are to be run against an OLAP system such as server system  14  and data warehouse  12  based on a predetermined schedule. A “service” as used herein should be understood to include one or more reports that are scheduled to be run against data warehouse  12  by server system  14 . Broadcast module  20  also enables users on the system to subscribe to one or more services and then broadcast module  20  outputs the results of these services to subscribers according to criteria established by the subscribers. 
         [0038]    Data warehouse  12  may comprise any data warehouse or data mart as is known in the art, including a relational database management system (“RDBMS”), a multidimensional database management system (“MDDBMS”) or a hybrid system. Server system  14  may comprise an OLAP server system for accessing and managing data stored in data warehouse  12 . Server system  14  may comprise a ROLAP engine, MOLAP engine or a HOLAP engine according to different embodiments. Specifically, server system  14  may comprise a multithreaded server for performing analysis directly against data warehouse  12 . One embodiment of server system  14  may comprise a ROLAP engine known as DSS Server™ offered by MicroStrategy. Accordingly, data warehouse  12  and server system  14  comprise an OLAP system that connects to broadcast module  20  for broadcast of user-specified reports from data maintained by data warehouse  12 . 
         [0039]    Broadcast module  20  may also be connected to an agent module  28  which may also be connected to server system  14 . Agent module  28  may be provided to define reports and queries that may be selected as part of one or more services by broadcast module  20 . Agent module  28  may be used to define queries to be performed against the data contained in data warehouse  12  using components, templates, filters, reports, agents, etc. Components may include dimensions, attributes, attribute elements, and metrics—in other words, the building blocks for templates, filters, and reports. Templates generally define a report format and specify the attributes, dimensions, metrics, and display properties comprising a report. Filters generally qualify report content and identify a subset of data warehouse  12  to be included in a report. For example, filters may be used with set math, multidimensional qualifications, and metric qualifications. Using set math, users can define and embed any set of limiting criteria (e.g., union, intersect, exclude). Multidimensional qualifications enable users to indicate general subject areas or perspectives on data (e.g., time, geography, product). Metric qualifications may be used to compute mathematical calculations of various numerical data (e.g., total sales, profit, cost, percent change, profit). Metrics may be displayed in a variety of formats (e.g., percentages, currency, fonts indicating predetermined values). Reports are generally understood to be a data analysis created by combining a template (the format) with a filter (the content). Agents may be a group of reports cached on a time- or event-based schedule for rapid retrieval and batch processing. According to one embodiment of the invention, agent module  28  may comprise a software package known as DSS Agent™ offered by MicroStrategy. 
         [0040]    Agent module  28  may operate on any user system  26  including personal computers, network workstations, laptop computers or any other electronic device connected to server system  14  or may comprise an object connected to broadcast module  20 . 
         [0041]    Broadcast module  20  therefore, cooperates with server system  14  and agent module  28  to send personalized information to users at predefined intervals or when criteria specified in reports defined through either broadcast module  20  or agent module  28  exceed predefined thresholds. To provide this functionality, broadcast module  20  enables users of the system to create services that run against the OLAP system to generate information and subscriptions that specify the recipients of the information derived from a service. A service may comprise one or more reports that are processed by the OLAP system and may be a specific report, series of reports or elements within a report. Also, subscribers may include users, groups of users or only specific user devices  40  for a particular user. Services may be based on predefined reports from broadcast module  20  or agent module  28  or may be based on filter/template combinations set up through broadcast module  20  and/or agent module  28 . 
         [0042]    Once services have been defined and subscribers to that services are established, broadcast module  20  continually monitors the schedules for the services, runs the scheduled reports, and automatically generates outputs where conditions specified in the service are satisfied using push technology. Outputs from broadcast module  20  may be personalized to subscriber demands and/or formatted to meet a subscriber&#39;s user device requirements to ensure that users see only that portion of a report that is relative to that user and in a manner that is most useful for the user. Accordingly, a user can thus have up-to-date information about the contents of data warehouse  12  without having to submit a query or log-in to a software module on the user system. 
         [0043]    To provide the functionality described above, broadcast module  20  may comprise a plurality of modules that perform certain functions. Although described as separate modules, it should be understood that such modules may be combined or separated further. In an embodiment of the present invention, as depicted in  FIG. 1 , broadcast module  20  may comprise a service definition module  42 , a service schedule module  44 , a service generation module  46 , a service format module  48 , a personalization module  50 , a subscription interface module  52 , and a service administration module  54 . 
         [0044]    Service definition module  42  of broadcast module  20  may comprise a module for enabling a user to create or modify a service. In an embodiment, the services may be defined based on reports or workbooks specified in agent module  28 . Users may then subscribe to services defined in service definition module to enable broadcast module  20  to determine who should receive the results of a service. 
         [0045]    At least two types of services may be provided—scheduled services and alert services. A schedule service may comprise a service that generates information to subscribers at a given time interval. An alert service may comprise a service that provides information to all subscribers if an alert condition is true. 
         [0046]    Service schedule module  44  may provide the functionality to enable selection of when a service should be run. Service schedule module  44  may enable a user, administrator or other person having access thereto to specify the frequency that the lo service should be performed. The schedule may be based on an interval (such as every several hours, days, weeks, months, years, etc.) or on one or more specified days (such as March 15th and September 15th). Other methods of scheduling events to be processed may also be used. 
         [0047]    Service generation module  46  may comprise a module for following a schedule set by service schedule module  44  and completing the operation specified in service definition module  42 . For example, if a service were specified to run the monthly sales totals for the Midwest region of a company every weekend and generate an alert to the supervisor on Monday morning if sales drop below 5%, then service generation module  46  would be responsible to monitor the schedule of this service to ensure that the report contained therein was processed over the weekend and then generate an alert report if the criteria set in the service is satisfied. To monitor the schedule of all services specified by broadcast module  20 , service generation module  46  may operate constantly to ensure that every scheduled service is completed. 
         [0048]    Service format module  48  may be responsible for taking the results of a service and formatting it to a proper format corresponding to each of the subscribers of a particular service. Service format module  48  may be responsible for formatting service results for generation to user devices  40   a - 40   e.    
         [0049]    Personalization module  50  may be provided to enable subscribers to specify the content for a service in which they are interested. Users may input personalized choices for personalization module  50  through subscription interface module  52  by selecting personalization filters from filters available in the service. Personalization module  50  captures the criteria selected by the user and creates a subscription based on the selected criteria which may be multidimensional based on the data structure in the data warehouse, relational database, etc. Because personalization module  50  enables subscribers to specify the content of a service, this reduces the amount of data output to a subscriber by providing the subscriber with data that the subscriber is interested in. 
         [0050]    Personalization may also be set in an address book module maintained by broadcast module  20 . The address book may comprise an entry for each subscriber of any service on the system. That subscriber may define global personalization filters to be applied to all services to which the subscriber applies rather than providing personalization on only a service by service basis. For a chosen user, personalization may also be set on a project level basis. For example, a project may comprise multiple reports. Each report within a project may have different personalized filters applied according to user desires. Personalization module  50 , however, also enables subscribers to personalize the entire rather than doing so for each. For example, subscribers may assign particular operations to be performed for each of the reports within a project. This enables subscribers to personalize multiple reports simultaneously. 
         [0051]    Additionally, subscribers may personalize style parameters using, for example, personalization module  50 . Styles may be used to tailor a display format of a report to a particular device (e.g., pager, electronic mail, facsimile). Styles may be designed according to the needs of each subscriber depending on the characteristics and properties of a recipient. For example, a user may desire to have pages generated from the report sent in a particular format and may set up that format using styles. 
         [0052]    Further, in the address book, the data warehouse login and password may also be stored to enable access to the data warehouse. Each subscriber may have multiple addresses in the address book, each address assigned to a different output device. Thereby, a subscriber may have multiple addresses, each of which may be assigned to receive different services based on different filters, etc. This provides for the ultimate in customization for receipt of information. For example, a user may desire to get stock information via pager but sales information via e-mail. By setting up two separate addresses and applying different services and/or filters, that may be accomplished according to the present invention. 
         [0053]    Through the address book module, administrators may also be able to add subscribers to the address book, import subscribers from other applications into the address book, create groups and add subscribers to those grounds and delete or edit information, including personalization features for subscribers. This enables administrators to also determine who all of the subscribers are and to view personalization features for each subscriber. 
         [0054]    Subscription interface module  52  may be provided to enable users or administrators of the system to monitor and update subscriptions to various services provided by broadcast module  20 . Service administration module  54  may be provided to provide administrative functions to monitor a queue to schedule services and to provide throughput of services to ensure efficient completion of those services by broadcast module  20 . 
         [0055]    Subscription interface module  52  may be used to create a subscriber list by adding one or more subscribers to a service. Users or system administrators having access to broadcast module  20  may add multiple types of subscribers to a service such as a subscriber from either a static recipient list (SRL) (e.g., addresses and groups) or a dynamic recipient list (DRL) (described in further detail below). The subscribers may be identified, for example, individually, in groups, or as dynamic subscribers in a DRL. Subscription interface module  52  permits a user to specify particular criteria (e.g., filters, metrics, etc.) by accessing data warehouse  12  and providing the user with a list of available filters, metrics, etc. The user may then select the criteria- desired to be used for the service. 
         [0056]    A SRL is a list of manually entered names of subscribers of a particular service. The list may be entered using service administration module  54  or subscription interface module  52 . SRL entries may be personalized such that for any service, a personalization filter (other than a default filter) may be specified. A SRL enables different personalizations to apply for a login alias as well. For example, a login alias may be created using personalization module  50 . Personalization module  50  enables subscribers to set preferred formats, arrangements, etc. for displaying service content. The login alias may be used to determine a subscriber&#39;s preferences and generate service content according to the subscriber&#39;s preferences when generating service content for a particular subscriber. 
         [0057]    A DRL may be a report which returns lists of valid user names based on predetermined criteria that are applied to the contents of a database such as data warehouse  12 . Providing a DRL as a report enables the DRL to incorporate any filtering criteria desired, thereby allowing a list of subscribers to be derived by an application of a filter to the data in data warehouse  12 . In this manner, subscribers of a service may be altered simply by changing the filter criteria so that different user names are returned for the DRL. Similarly, subscription lists may be changed by manipulating the filter without requiring interaction with service administration module  54 . Additionally, categorization of each subscriber may be performed in numerous ways. For example, subscribers may be grouped via agent filters. In one specific embodiment, a DRL is created using DSS Agent™ offered by Microstrategy. 
         [0058]    Service administration module  54  enables monitoring of reports (e.g., ability to see who is using system, what reports they are generating, etc.), scheduling of reports, address book and dynamic recipient list maintenance, subscriber management, and statistics tracking. Subscriber management involves enabling system administrators to review, access, and generate information about subscribers to the system through the maintenance of detailed subscriber lists including the DRL&#39;s and SRL&#39;s. This list may track information on which subscribers subscribe to which services and vise-versa. 
         [0059]    The present invention provides an administration console that enables organizations to rapidly implement and fully administer enterprise broadcast deployments. As briefly described above, service administration module  54  may comprise the administration console. 
         [0060]    Service administration module  54  enables monitoring of reports (e.g., ability to see who is using system, what reports they are generating, etc.), scheduling of reports, address book and dynamic recipient list maintenance, and subscriber management. Subscriber management involves enabling system administrators to review, access, and generate information about subscribers to the system through the maintenance of detailed subscriber lists. This list may track information on which subscribers subscribe to which services and vise-versa. 
         [0061]    According to one aspect of the present invention, service administration module  54  may comprise a service queue management system that creates and presents a service queue. The service queue may comprise a listing of all services that the system is to be running within a predetermined period of time (which may be modified by the user, for example, to extend from seconds to years). The service queue may comprise a list of upcoming service initiation times for each active service. The service queue management system monitors the services to ensure that they initiate on a predefined schedule. 
         [0062]    The service queue management module may also present this information by subscriber to enable an administrator or a user to view the services to which that user subscribes. This enables the administrator to gain an understanding of what information that user finds helpful. The administrator may use that information to interest the user in additional information. The service queue may also be viewed by service or with all services as desired. 
         [0063]    Further, according to one embodiment, upon selecting a service in the queue, the system may display the specifics of the service to enable the administrator to view the information sought in that service, the subscribers to that service, and modify various parameters for that service. 
         [0064]    Service administration module  54  may also maintain the address book and dynamic recipient lists to enable administrators to review subscriber information contained in those lists. The address book may contain the name and specific settings of all valid subscribers and may interact with other address book programs for importing and exporting names. 
         [0065]    Personalization may also be set in the address book. For a chosen user, personalization may be set for each project which is currently loaded. A personalization filter may be selected for the project. The data warehouse login and password may also be stored to enable access to the data warehouse. One or more display styles may be set up. Each subscriber may have multiple addresses in the address book, each address assigned to a different output device. Thereby, a subscriber may have multiple addresses, each of which may be assigned to receive different services based on different filters, etc. This provides for the ultimate in customization for receipt of information. For example, a user may desire to get stock information via pager but sales information via e-mail. By setting up two separate addresses and applying different services and/or filters, that may be accomplished according to the present invention. 
         [0066]    Service administration module  54  may also be responsible for governing services to ensure that the server system does not become overloaded with the number of services being performed and that broadcast module  20  does not become overloaded with the number of messages to be broadcast. This may be performed by setting a maximum numbers of jobs that may be performed by each of these systems, a maximum number of subscribers per service or a maximum number of recipient user systems per service, for example. Other governing techniques may also be used. 
         [0067]    Further, service administration module  54  may comprise a job reduction component that functions to limit the number of jobs submitted to server system  14 . This component generates a distinct list of jobs to send to server system  14  to satisfy all services and all personalization filters for all subscribers for each service. This component may remove duplicate subscribers using the report name, login identification and personal filter values for the subscribers to the service. For example, this module may operate as follows. First, the system may associate each subscriber with a login identification and a personalization filter for that subscriber (a blank filter may be used if the user did not specify either a default or subscription level personalization filter). Duplicates may then be eliminated by comparing the personalization filters provided and grouping all subscribers requesting the same personalization filter together to generate a single report for that group and using the login identification for those subscribers to later generate individual outputs for the subscribers having that personalization filter from the single report. 
         [0068]    A method  200  of operation of system  100  is provided in  FIG. 3 . Method  200  comprises several steps for generating information to a plurality of user systems using “push” technology. In step  100 , one or more services are defined by users or system administrators for broadcast module  20  to monitor, as described in more detail below with respect to  FIG. 4 , such as through service definition module  42 . In step  102 , subscribers for each of these various services are provided, such as through subscription interface module  52 . In step  104 , the system monitors and processes services according to their defined schedules. Step  104  may be performed by service schedule module  44 , and/or service generation module  46 , for example. 
         [0069]    In step  106 , the system determines whether an alert criteria has been met or if a scheduled service has been completed, such as through service generation module  46 . If an alert criteria has not been satisfied or a scheduled service has not completed, the system continues to monitor and process services. If an alert condition has been met, or if a scheduled service has been completed, in step  108 , the system, such as through service generation module  46 , builds the service output and the subscription list for that particular service. Building the subscription list for a service may involve using a recipient list resolution method. For example, a recipient list resolution (RLR) may be used to build a list of all of the subscribers to a service in step  108 . This may be performed by resolving and merging all DRLs with all SRLs for a given service. All DRLs are generated and the resulting list is merged with the SRL. Typically, there is only one SRL (although additional SRLs may be used) and none to numerous DRLs per service. The list that results from merging all of the DRLs and SRLs produces a list which consolidates all subscribers of a given service. 
         [0070]    Next, in step  110 , the system, such as through personalization module  50 , applies personalization filters to services that are scheduled to be output to the subscribers. Personalization filters may modify the output of a service according to the subscriber&#39;s desired criteria. The personalized outputs may then be formatted for the user device  40  selected by the user for output. Additionally, personalization module  50  may also be used to personalize the contents of one or more services as described above. In step  114 , broadcast module  20  broadcasts the formatted and personalized services to subscribers at user devices  40   a - 40   e.    
         [0071]    As described above, step  100  defines the service or services to be monitored by broadcast module  20 .  FIG. 4  depicts a method  210  according to one embodiment of the present invention for performing step  100 . According to one embodiment, in step  116 , a user may name and provide a description of the service or services to be monitored. By providing a name and description, users may be able to uniquely identify the services from an object browser or in a service queue. 
         [0072]    Next, in step  118 , the user selects the type for the service. As described above, at least two types of services may be provided. A first type, a scheduled service, is a service that is run according to a predetermined schedule and output is generated each time the service is run. An alert service is one that is run periodically as well, however, output is only generated when certain alert criteria is satisfied. If an alert service is selected by the user, the user may then specify a report or a template/filter combination upon which the alert is based. According to one embodiment, reports and template/filter combinations may be predefined by other objects in the system including agent module  28  or object creation module  24 . For example, agent module  28  such as the DSS agent™ offered by MicroStrategy, may be used to create and define reports with filters and template combinations, and to establish the alert criteria that are to be used for an alert service. 
         [0073]    Next, in step  120 , the duration of the service is input by the user. Service duration indicates the starting and stopping dates for the service. The start date is the base line for the scheduled calculation, while the end date indicates when the broadcast will cease to be sent. The user has the option of starting the service immediately or waiting until some time in the future. Various calendaring features may be provided to enable the user to easily select these start and stop dates. For example, a calendar that specifies a date with pull-down menus that allow the users to select a month and year may be provided according to known methods of selecting dates in such programs as electronic calendaring programs and scheduling programs used in other software products. One specific aid that may be provided is to provide a calendar with a red circle indicating the present date and a blue ellipse around the current numerical date in each subsequent month to more easily allow the user to identify monthly intervals. Other methods may also be used. 
         [0074]    Next, in step  122 , the user selects the schedule for the service. According to one embodiment, predefined schedules for services may be provided or the user may choose to customize the schedule for the service. If the user desires to create a new schedule, a module may be opened to enable the user to name the schedule and to set the parameters for the schedule. Schedules may be run on a several-minute, hourly, daily, monthly, semi-annual or annual basis, all depending upon what frequency is desired. 
         [0075]    The next step, step  123 , may be performed to enable the user to specify the content of a service. The content of a service is the various information reports and template/filter combinations that the server system  14  processes using the data in data warehouse  12  in order to provide the output requested for that particular service. The content of a service may comprise many different items or combination of items to suit the user&#39;s needs. For example, the user may be able to include a text grid, an agent alert, a web uniform resource location (URL), a spreadsheet container, a new sheet container, a text container, a text message, contents from a text file, or a file attachment. According to one embodiment, the system may organize these various contents into containers. A broadcast container may comprise the highest level container under which all content pieces reside. A grid may comprise an element that is associated with a report or a template/filter combination. The grid may be bound via a macro to a report/filter and template combination. An agent alert may be associated with a particular report that is therefore incorporated within the service. Any report available on agent module  28  may be selected. The web URL item may be associated with the report through network output module  22  that specified that URL for the particular report. A spreadsheet container may be the parent of an embedded spreadsheet attachment. When created, a particular spreadsheet may be included as a child. Additionally, markup language (e.g., XML and/or HTML) documents may also be included. 
         [0076]    After the user has named the service, selected the type, duration, and schedule for the service, the user may select the personalization type in step  124 . For example, the user may select an option to either prevent personalization, require personalization, or allow personalize optionally. Upon completion of these steps, the service may be stored by service definition module  42  in a database structure to enable users to retrieve predefined services to subscribe to these services through subscription interface module  52 . 
         [0077]    Method  210  may also comprise an error condition step. An error condition step may be used to enable users to specify “error” conditions and actions. For example, an “error” condition may be a user notification that a server is “down” or that there is no data to be returned. A user may specify particular actions to be performed by the system in response to one or more error conditions. For example, a user may specify a “server” error (e.g., not responding) and indicate a particular action to be performed in response to a “server not responding” error (e.g., reattempt in a predetermined time). Various other conditions and actions may be specified. 
         [0078]    The system described may also comprise a portion of a larger decision support system  10  as depicted in  FIG. 4 . System  10  may comprise a data warehouse  12 , a server system  14 , an architect module  16 , an administrator module  18 , a broadcast module  20 , a network output module  22 , a plurality of user systems  26 , and an object creation module  24 . User systems  26  may comprise an agent module  28  as described above. 
         [0079]    Agent module  28  may enable a user access to the contents of data warehouse  12  to provide detailed analysis on an ad hoc basis. One of the advantages of DSS Agent™ includes its use of a ROLAP architecture on server system  14  and a RDBMS in data warehouse  12  to provide a more scaleable environment. Through DSS Agent™, a user can “drill down.” Drilling down allows the user to dynamically change the level of detail in a report to a lower level attribute so that the resulting report displays data with a greater level of detail. For example, one can drill down from year to month to week to day. DSS Agent™ also enables users to “drill up” to a higher level attribute. Drilling up summarizes the selected data to a higher level total. For example, one can drill from day to week to month to year. DSS Agent™ also enables a user to “drill within.” Drilling within allows a user to go to a different hierarchy within the same dimension. Drilling within is often used to examine the characteristics of selected data. For example, drilling within enables a user to drill from item to color when looking at a particular retail item such as an automobile, clothing or the like. Drilling across allows the user to drill to an altogether different dimension. For example, one can drill across from a region to a month. Accordingly, through use of agent module  28 , server system  14 , and data warehouse  12 , drilling is a powerful tool that is easily implemented using a ROLAP architecture which is not as easily accessible in MOLAP. 
         [0080]    Architect module  16  may comprise a module that enables developers to create and maintain data and metadata in data warehouse  12 . Metadata may be considered to be data about data, such as data element descriptions, data type descriptions, attributes/property descriptions, range/domain descriptions, and process/method descriptions. Data and metadata stored in data warehouse  12  may thus be modified and organized by architect module  16 . According to one embodiment of the invention, architect module  16  may comprise a software package known as DSS Architect™ offered by MicroStrategy. 
         [0081]    Administrator module  18  may comprise a module for facilitating the development, deployment, and management of data warehouse applications supporting large volumes of users over various distribution mechanisms. Administrator module  18  may comprise an object manager and a warehouse monitor. The object manager allows objects to be shared across databases for easy migration from development to production. The warehouse monitor provides performance monitoring and management tools to support thousands of users across a distributive database environment. The warehouse monitor collects statistics for the purpose of identifying performance bottlenecks, warehouse tuning, cost analysis and various other purposes. According to one embodiment of the invention, administrator module  18  may comprise a module known as DSS Administrator™ offered by MicroStrategy. 
         [0082]    Server system  14  may also connect to an object creation module  24 . Object creation module  24  may comprise an open object linking and embedding (“OLE”) application program interface (“API”) for custom decision support development. According to one embodiment of the invention, object creation module  24  may comprise a software module known as DSS Objects™ offered by MicroStrategy. Additionally, custom applications may interface with object creation module  24  including Delphi, Visual Basic, and C++ programming modules. 
         [0083]    User systems  26  may also include a report writing module  30 , an executive module  32 , and a spreadsheet module  34 . Report writing module  26  may comprise an OLAP report writer. Executive module  32  may comprise a module design tool for developing custom EIS applications. This module is a design tool for developing briefing books that provide high level users with a series of views that describe their business. Once created, end users can access briefing books through agent module  28  in EIS mode. Such a system is easily implemented with agent module  28  by compiling sets of analyses into dynamic pages that immediately focus users on their key business drivers. One embodiment of executive module  32  may comprise software known as DSS Executive™ offered by MicroStrategy. 
         [0084]    Spreadsheet module  34  may comprise an add-on to existing spreadsheet programs or may comprise an entirely new spreadsheet program. Spreadsheet module  34  may enable reports and analyses generated from agent module  28  to be presented in a traditional spreadsheet program format to enable users to view results in preexisting front-end interfaces. Spreadsheet module  34  may comprise the Microsoft Excel™ spreadsheet program offered by Microsoft and/or an Excel™ Add-in program offered by MicroStrategy. 
         [0085]    Another module for accessing content of server system  14  may comprise a network output module  22 . Network output module  22  enables user system  26  access to server system  14  and data warehouse  12  without requiring an additional agent module  28  to be stored on user system  26 . Instead, user system  26  may have a user interface module  38  residing thereon. User interface module  38  may comprise any module that enables a user system, such as user system  26 , to interface with network output module  22  over a network  36 . According to one embodiment of the invention, network  36  may comprise an intranet, the Internet or other developed Internet-type networks. Further, user interface module  38  may comprise any standard browser module such as Microsoft Internet Explorer™, Netscape Navigator™ or other. As many user systems  26  already have a user interface module  38  stored and operating thereon, network output module  22  offers the advantage of enabling users access to server system  14  and data warehouse  12  without learning to operate a new module such as agent module  28 . One embodiment of network output module  22  may comprise a web-based module called DSS Web™ offered by MicroStrategy. Accordingly, in one embodiment, a user can access server system  14  through a standard web browser, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer™, or over the Internet through network output module  22 , such as DSS Web™. 
         [0086]    In this embodiment, network output module  22  may comprise a World Wide Web tool used in conjunction with server system  14  for allowing users to deploy data warehouse/decision support applications over the Internet using industry standard World Wide Web browsers as a client. As a result, a user can access the data warehouse with little or no client maintenance, little or no software to install, and only a small amount of additional training while still maintaining all of the capabilities of agent module  28 . One embodiment of network output module  22  comprises DSS Web™ offered by MicroStrategy. This embodiment provides a broad array of options for viewing information sets, such as spreadsheet grids and a wide variety of graphs. Through this module&#39;s reporting capabilities, users receive key elements of a report in easily interpretable, plain language messages. This module also allows users to “drill” dynamically to a lower level of detail to view the underlying information or to create and save new analyses. For sensitive information, this module provides security plug-ins that allow the user to extend the standard security functionality with additional user authentication routines. This module may also provide an API that allows users to customize, integrate, and imbed this functionality into other applications. For example, a data syndicator for health care information may utilize this module with a customized interface to sell access to health care information to Health Maintenance Organizations, hospitals, pharmacies, etc. 
         [0087]    Other embodiments and uses of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. The specification and examples should be considered exemplary only. The scope of the invention is only limited by the claims appended hereto.