Abstract:
A control unit for a powder material compression molding machine including a powder material compressor which compresses a powder material filled between compressing members in an adjusted filled amount by making the compressing members approach to each other at a predetermined interval, so as to mold a molded product, and a pressure detector which detects a powder material compressing pressure by the powder material compressor. The control unit including a weight determiner which determines that the weight of filled powder material is normal, a thickness determiner which determines that the thickness of the molded product is abnormal in the case where the pressure detected by the pressure detector falls out of a first predetermined range when the weight determiner determines normality, and a compression controller which controls the powder material compressor when the thickness determiner determines abnormality.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
   The invention relates to a control unit which controls a rotary type powder material compression molding machine for compressing a powder material so as to fabricate a product such as a medical tablet or food in such a manner that a finished product meets standards. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   In general, a molded product such as a tablet or food has been conventionally required to be substantially uniform in weight or thickness. It is difficult to measure the amount of powder material before being molding per molded product in a powder material compression molding machine for fabricating numerous molded products in a short period of time, like a continuously tablet compressing machine. In view of this, a pressure during compression has been conventionally detected, and then, the amount of powder material to be inserted into a die has been automatically controlled such that the detected pressure becomes a certain reference pressure previously calculated in accordance with a target amount of powder material in a powder material compression molding machine for inserting a punch into a die deeply to a predetermined position so as to compressively mold a powder material in consideration of an approximately one-to-one relationship between a weight of a molded product and a pressure in compressing a powder material. 
   However, there may occur a fear of variations of the weight of a molded product since the above-described one-to-one relationship is broken up due to expansion or shrinkage caused by heat generated at the die or the punch, fluctuations in distribution of a grain size of a powder material or fluctuations in flow even if a tablet compressing pressure is controlled to become the reference pressure in a method for indirectly controlling the weight of the molded product in the above-described manner. Therefore, there has been conventionally known a controlling method disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 2975346 (corresponding U.S. Pat. No. 6,325,609), in which a tablet compressing pressure and the weight and thickness of a molded product are measured; the amount of powder material is adjusted based on the tablet compressing pressure; the amount of powder material is adjusted based on the measured weight of the molded product during the stoppage of the adjustment of the amount of powder material based on the tablet compressing pressure; and the tablet compressing pressure is adjusted based on the measured thickness of the molded product. The controlling method disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2975346 is configured such that when an actually measured weight and an actually measured thickness fall within an allowable range, a previously calculated reference pressure is calibrated in accordance with a predetermined reference amount of powder material based on an actually measured pressure. 
   In the above-described powder material compression molding machine, the weight and thickness of the product are related to each other such that the control, that is, the adjustment of either one of the weight and thickness at the time of fabrication exerts an influence on the other. In the controlling method disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2975346, the weight and thickness of the product are measured at the same time when the product is sampled, and then, both of the weight and the thickness are controlled based on the measurement result, so that the reference pressure is calibrated. However, as described above, if the length of the punch, for example, is increased due to an increase in heat inside of the powder material compression molding machine after the start of the fabrication, the tablet compressing pressure is increased while the thickness is decreased. Here, the calibration of the reference pressure possibly induces an inconvenience. In other words, in the case where the punch expands with the same weight of the product, the tablet compressing pressure is increased while the thickness is decreased. When the thickness is decreased, a compression position is adjusted in such a manner that the thickness approximates to a reference thickness, thereby varying the tablet compressing pressure. In such a case, if the reference pressure is calibrated based on the tablet compressing pressure at that time, the weight is unfavorably changed in order to adjust the amount of powder material based on the calibrated reference pressure. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   In view of this, the invention has been accomplished to solve the above-described problems. 
   That is to say, a control unit for a powder material compression molding machine according to the invention including powder material compressing means which compresses a powder material filled between compressing members in an adjusted filled amount by making the compressing members approach to each other at a predetermined interval, so as to mold a molded product, and pressure detecting means which detects a powder material compressing pressure by the powder material compressing means, in electric connection to the powder material compression molding machine, includes: weight determining means which determines that the weight of filled powder material is normal; thickness determining means which determines that the thickness of the molded product is abnormal in the case where the pressure detected by the pressure detecting means falls out of a first predetermined range when the weight determining means determines normality; and compression controlling means which controls the powder material compressing means when the thickness determining means determines abnormality. 
   With the above-described configuration, if the pressure during the compression falls out of the first predetermined range in the case where the weight determining means determines that the weight of a powder material to be compressed is normal, the thickness determining means determines that the thickness of the molded product is abnormal. The compression controlling means controls the powder material compressing means based on the determination result, thus making the thickness of the molded product normal. As a consequence, the thickness, that is, the hardness can be adjusted without adversely influencing the weight of the molded product. 
   In the above-described configuration, the first predetermined range is defined by a first upper limit and a first lower limit smaller than the first upper limit; and the detected compressing pressure falls out of the first predetermined range when it is the first upper limit or greater or the first lower limit or smaller. 
   In order to efficiently obtain the molded product in conformity with the standard, it is preferable that a control unit for a powder material compression molding machine according to the invention should further include: in addition to the above-described constituents, filled amount adjusting means which adjusts the filled amount of powder material; and filled amount controlling means which controls the filled amount adjusting means based on abnormality determined when the weight determining means determines the abnormal weight; wherein the powder material compressing means is controlled by the compression controlling means while the filled amount adjusting means is controlled by the filled amount controlling means. 
   Moreover, a control unit for a powder material compression molding machine according to the invention includes: powder material compressing means which compresses a powder material filled between compressing members by making the compressing members approach to each other at a predetermined interval, so as to mold a molded product; filled amount adjusting means which adjusts the amount of powder material to be filled; pressure detecting means which detects a powder material compressing pressure by the powder material compressing means; filled amount controlling means which controls the filled amount adjusting means based on the compressing pressure detected by the pressure detecting means; and compression controlling means which controls the powder material compressing means based on the compressing pressure detected by the pressure detecting means; wherein the powder material compressing means is controlled by the compression controlling means while the filled amount adjusting means is controlled by the filled amount controlling means. 
   Note that the powder material according to the invention signifies an aggregate of fine solid matter, including an aggregate of granular material such as so-called granules and an aggregate of powder material smaller in size than the granular material. 
   The invention is configured, as described above, such that if the pressure during the compression falls out of the first predetermined range in the case where the weight of a powder material to be compressed is normal, it is determined that the thickness of the molded product is abnormal, thereby controlling the powder material compressing means so as to make the thickness of the molded product normal. As a consequence, the thickness, that is, the hardness can be adjusted without adversely influencing the weight of the molded product. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is a cross sectional view showing a molding machine body of a powder material compression molding machine in a preferred embodiment according to the invention; 
       FIG. 2  is a view schematically showing the entire configuration including a control unit in the preferred embodiment; 
       FIG. 3  is a plan view showing the arrangement of essential portions on a turret in the molding machine body in the preferred embodiment; 
       FIG. 4  is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of a control system including the control unit in the preferred embodiment; 
       FIG. 5  is a graph illustrating the relationship of a weight setting value relevant to quantity control in the preferred embodiment; 
       FIG. 6  is a graph illustrating the relationship of a pressure setting value relevant to thickness control in the preferred embodiment; 
       FIG. 7  is a flowchart illustrating schematic control procedures in the preferred embodiment; 
       FIG. 8  is a flowchart illustrating schematic control procedures in the preferred embodiment; and 
       FIG. 9  is a flowchart illustrating schematic control procedures in another preferred embodiment according to the invention. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
   A description will be given below of a preferred embodiment according to the invention in reference to the attached drawings. 
   A powder material compression molding machine in the present preferred embodiment is adapted to mold, for example, a medical tablet, and includes, as shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 : a machine body  1  which mainly compresses a tablet; a measuring instrument  2  serving as measuring means which samples a tablet Q as a molded product molded by and conveyed from the machine body  1 , and then, measures various statuses; and a control unit  11  which feeds back a measurement result by the measuring instrument  2 , so as to control various conditions required for molding the tablet by the machine body  1 . 
   The machine body  1  is of a rotary type. A plurality of cylindrical dies  4  are detachably attached at predetermined pitches on a turret  3  disposed in a horizontally rotatable manner, and further, above and under each of the dies  4  are vertically slidably held an upper punch  5  and a lower punch  6  serving as compressing members whose tips can be inserted into and withdrawn from the die  4  at the inner circumference thereof in alignment of their axes with the axis of the die  4 , as shown in  FIG. 3 . The die  4 , the upper punch  5  and the lower punch  6  are such configured as to be rotated in synchronism with the turret  3 . 
   In the machine body  1  are disposed a powder material filling portion  7 , a powder material leveling portion  8 , a compressively molding portion  9  and a product unloading portion  10  in sequence in a rotation direction of the turret  3 . 
   In the powder material filling portion  7 , a powder material P supplied onto the turret  3  by descending the lower punch  6  is introduced into the die  4  by a feed shoe  72 . Here, the powder material P is supplied onto the turret  3  by a powder material supplying mechanism  73 . Although the powder material P is a raw material of the tablet Q in the present preferred embodiment, it may be an aggregate of granular material such as so-called granules. 
   The powder material leveling portion  8  ascends the lower punch  6  up to a predetermined position by a quantity adjusting rail  82 , and further, removes the powder material P, which overflows from the die  4  caused by the ascendance of the lower punch  6 , from the die  4  by leveling plates  83  and  84 . In the present preferred embodiment, there is additionally provided a powder material amount adjuster  12  for adjusting the amount of powder material to be filled. The powder material amount adjuster  12  is configured such that the predetermined position of the lower punch  6  is vertically moved by vertically moving the quantity adjusting rail  82 , thus adjusting the amount of powder material to be filled into the die  4 , as shown in  FIG. 2 . Specifically, the powder material amount adjuster  12  includes an electric motor  121 , a converting mechanism  122  for converting the rotation of the electric motor  121  into a linear motion required for changing the position of the quantity adjusting rail  82  via a gear train, and a potentiometer  123  serving as a position sensor for detecting the position of the quantity adjusting rail  82 . 
   The compressively molding portion  9  descends the upper punch  5 , and thus, inserts the tip of the upper punch  5  into the die  4 . Upper and lower pre-compression rolls  92  and  93  restrict, from above and under, the upper punch  5  and the lower punch  6  whose tips are inserted into the die  4 , so as to pre-compress the powder material P contained inside of the die  4 . Subsequently, upper and lower main compression rolls  94  and  95  restrict, from above and under, the upper punch  5  and the lower punch  6 , so as to mainly compress the powder, material P contained inside of the die  4 . The compressively molding portion  9  serves as powder material compressing means. In the present preferred embodiment, there is additionally provided a load cell  13  serving as pressure detecting means, which detects a pressure generated when the powder material P is compressed by the upper main compression roll  94 , relevantly to the rotational axis of the upper main compression roll  94 , as shown in  FIG. 4 . Furthermore, a compression position adjuster  14  for adjusting a vertical position of the lower main compression roll  95  is additionally provided relevantly to the rotational axis of the lower main compression roll  95 . The compression position adjuster  14  includes an electric motor  141 , and a converting mechanism  142  for converting the rotation of the electric motor  141  into a linear motion required for changing the position of the lower main compression roll  95  via a gear train. 
   The product unloading portion  10  ascends the upper punch  5 , to thus withdraw the tip of the upper punch  5  from the die  4 , and further, urges the lower punch  6  upward so as to entirely push, outside of the die  4 , the tablet Q contained inside of the die  4 . Thereafter, the pushed-out tablet Q is guided sideways to a chute  104  by the use of a guide plate  105 . 
   The molding machine body  1  such configured as described above successively molds the tablets Q per 30 msec, for example, from the powder material by utilizing the upper and lower punches  5  and  6  and the die  4  while rotating the turret  3 . 
   The measuring instrument  2  serving as the weight measuring means shown in  FIG. 4  contains therein at least a weight measuring mechanism and a hardness measuring mechanism, not shown, and thus, can automatically measure the weight and hardness of the tablet Q which has been guided to the chute  104  and appropriately sampled. As the measuring instrument  2  may be used a measuring instrument disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Registration No. 3025263 granted to the present applicant. The measuring instrument  2  is basically configured such that the sampled tablets Q are sequentially conveyed to, the weight measuring mechanism and the hardness measuring mechanism mounted on a tablet conveying rail disposed inside, not shown, by tablet conveying means. Resultant measurement data can be automatically processed, stored or the like by an internal controller, can be displayed on a display or a printer, or can be transferred to another equipment, specifically, a first controller  111  in the control unit  11  via a serial signal line SL 1  by the use of RS232C. Particularly in the present preferred embodiment, the plurality of tablets Q are measured such that an average of the measurement data can be calculated. 
   As shown in  FIG. 4 , the control unit  11  is referred to as a microcomputer, and constituted of mainly the first controller  111  incorporating therein a CPU, a memory, an input/output interface IF and the like; a second controller  112  serving as a sequencer; and a third controller  113  which receives a signal output from the load cell  13  and processes data relevant to a pressure. These first to third controllers  111  to  113  are interconnected to each other via serial signal lines SL 2  ad SL 3  and control signal lines CL 1  to CL 4  in cooperation with each other. The control unit  11  also is provided with various other interfaces, and therefore, can be expanded by connecting a personal computer  114 , a special display  115 , a printer  116  or a host computer, not shown. 
   In the present preferred embodiment, the first controller  111  outputs a control signal S 01  from the electric motor  121  for vertically driving the quantity adjusting rail  82 , and further, receives a detection signal SI 1  from the potentiometer  123  for detecting the amount of vertical motion, thereby forming a local feedback loop, so as to give the control unit  11  a roll as powder material amount controlling means for controlling the powder material amount adjusting means  12 . 
   In the same manner, the first controller  111  outputs a control signal SO 2  from the electric motor  141  for vertically driving the lower main compression roll  95 , and further, receives an output signal from the load cell  13  for indirectly detecting the amount of vertical motion, thereby forming a local feedback loop, so as to give the control unit  11  a roll as compression controlling means for controlling the compression position adjusting means  14 . 
   Next, explanation will be made below on operation of the control unit  11 . 
   The control unit  11  stores therein a control program, that is, a thickness control program for use in controlling the amount of powder material to be filled in the molding machine body  1  and the pressures of the upper and lower main compression rolls  94  and  95  together with data on various set values required for the control. The thickness control program is used in controlling the thickness of the tablet Q in the case where it is determined that a change in compressive pressure is caused by thermal extension of the upper punch  5  and the lower punch  6  when the compressive pressure is changed irrespective of the normal weight of the tablet Q as a molded product after the powder material P is started to be compressively molded. In other words, when the powder material P is started to be compressively molded, the temperature of each of the punches  5  and  6  is increased due to heat generation caused by a contact friction between the upper punch  5  and each of the upper compression rolls  92  and  94 , heat generation caused by a contact friction between the lower punch  6  and each of the lower compression rolls  93  and  95 , and heat generation caused by compressively molding the powder material. As a consequence, the upper punch  5  and the lower punch  6  extend, so that the position of the lower main compression roll  95  is adjusted to adjust the thickness of the tablet Q in the case where the filled amount of powder material, that is, the weight of the tablet Q is normal based on the dependence of the variations in compressive pressure not on the filled amount of powder material but on a distance between the respective tips of the upper punch  5  and the lower punch  6 . 
   The control unit  11  stores therein data such as a standard weight SW of the tablet Q, a non-control range NWC and a control requiring range WC, as illustrated in  FIG. 5 , which are set based on the standard weight SW, a target pressure set value TP as a reference pressure for compressive molding, and a compressive control range as a criterion of a good or bad tablet Q, as illustrated in  FIG. 6 , as data for use in the control in association with the thickness control program. 
   The standard weight SW is a reference value of the tablet Q to be molded. The non-control range NWC illustrated in  FIG. 5  defines the weight range of the tablet Q which does not require a quantity control, that is, a weight control, described later. The non-control range NWC is set by values higher and lower than the standard weight SW, for example, by values higher and lower by 5% than the standard weight. In the present preferred embodiment, the standard weight SW is set to correspond to not the weight of one tablet Q but the total weight of the predetermined number of tablets Q. In the meantime, the control requiring range WC defines the weight range of the tablet Q which requires the quantity control, and is set based on the standard weight SW and the non-control range NWC. Specifically, the control requiring range WC is set within, for example, a range obtained by excluding the non-control range NWC from a weight range from a value higher by 10% than the standard weight SW to a value lower by 10% than the standard weight SW. A region above the non-control range NWC is designated by an upper control requiring range UWC while a region under the non-control range NWC is designated by a lower control requiring range LWC. Here, the weight is measured within the weight range defined by increasing or decreasing the standard weight SW by 50%. 
   As illustrated in  FIG. 6 , a compression control range is set in such a manner as to perform various controls in four steps centering on the target pressure set value TP. Specifically, the compression control range consists of: an increase/decrease control range portion PCP, at which execution of a thickness control is determined, described later, centering on the target pressure set value TP; a decompression/compression control range portion ECP, at which the thickness control is executed in the case where the weight of the tablet Q is included within the non-control range NWC; a removal control range portion RCP, which is set in regions above and under inside of the decompression/compression control range portion ECP and at which it is determined whether or not the tablet Q is controlled to be removed; a stoppage control range portion SCP, which is set in regions above and under outside of the removal control range portion RCP and at which it is determined whether or not the operation of the powder material compression molding machine is stopped; and a non-control range portion NCP. 
   First of all, the decompression/compression control range portion ECP is constituted of: an open region UEA, which is equal to or higher than a set open value OSV set centering on the target pressure set value TP and lower than an upper limit decrease pressure set value UPV for setting the removal control range portion RCP, described later; a compression region LEA, which is equal to or lower than a compression set value PSV and equal to or higher than a lower limit increase pressure set value LPV; and the increase/decrease control range portion PCP. In the present preferred embodiment, the set open value OSV is set to a value lower than the upper limit decrease pressure set value UPV for setting the increase/decrease control range portion PCP: in contrast, the compression set value PSV is set to a value higher than the lower limit increase pressure set value LPV. 
   The increase/decrease control range portion PCP is constituted of: a decrease control region DPA, which is equal to or higher than the upper limit decrease pressure set value UPV and lower than an upper limit removal pressure set value URV; an increase control region IPA, which is equal to or lower than the lower limit increase pressure set value LPV and equal to or higher than a lower limit removal pressure set value LRV; and the removal control range portion RCP. Here, the present preferred embodiment is directed to measure the weight of the tablet Q, and therefore, the increase/decrease control range portion PCP is not substantially used. 
   The removal control range portion RCP is constituted of: an upper removal region URA, which is equal to or higher than the upper limit removal pressure set value URV and lower than an upper stop pressure set value USV; and a lower removal region LRA, which is equal to or lower than the lower limit removal pressure set value LRV and equal to or higher than a lower stop pressure set value LSV. 
   The stoppage control range portion SCP is constituted of an upper stop region USA, which is equal to or higher than the upper stop pressure set value USV, and a lower stop region LSA, which is equal to or lower than the lower stop pressure set value LSV. The stoppage control range portion SCP is adapted not to perform the thickness control, described later, but to determine whether or not a measured pressure indicates an abnormal value so as to forcibly stop the operation. 
   As a consequence, the determination whether or not the measured pressure is a value included within the removal control range portion RCP and the determination whether or not the measured pressure is a value included within the stoppage control range portion SCP are sequentially conducted after the start of the measurement of the pressure independently of the thickness control and the quantity control. 
   The non-control range portion NCP signifies a region which is higher than the compression set value PSV and lower than the set open value OSV. Here, the target pressure set value TP is calculated by bisecting the sum of the set open value OSV and the compression set value PSV or by bisecting the sum of the upper limit decrease pressure set value UPV and the lower limit increase pressure set value LPV. 
   With the above-described configuration, first in step S 1 , it is determined whether or not it is a data collection start time. In other words, a thickness control program, which executes a thickness control, that is, a compression pressure control, is repeatedly executed per predetermined period of time after the operation of the powder material compression molding machine is started. Therefore, the time, at which the control program is executed, is set per predetermined period of time. Note that the weight and the pressure are not measured in synchronism with the start of the control program, but they are continuously measured in synchronism with the operational status of the molding machine body  1  in the measuring instrument  2  (for measuring the weight) and the third controller  113  (for measuring the pressure). 
   In step S 1 , if it is determined that it is a data collection start time, a turn counter is incremented in step S 2 . The turn counter is designed to count the execution of the control program as one turn, and it may be formed by software in the control unit  11 . Here, the turn counter stores the number of counted turns even if a power source of the powder material compression molding machine is turned off, and cannot be reset unless an operator performs the operation. This is designed to prevent any unnecessary control from being performed after the power source is turned off by an emergency stop of the powder material compression molding machine for a short period of time. Latest values indicating the weight and the pressure are read by the first controller  111 , to be used for the quantity control and the thickness control. In the present preferred embodiment, the measured weight signifies the total weight of the predetermined number of tablets Q, and further, the pressure signifies a latest pressure to be applied to the pair of punches  5  and  6  in the main compression rolls  94  and  95 . 
   In step S 3 , latest values indicating the quantity, pressure and weight measured and stored at this time, that is, at the data collection start time are read in, and further, respective pressure set values defining the increase/decrease control range portion PCP set at this time are read in. The quantity is equivalent to the amount of filled powder material P and depends on the tip position of the lower punch  6  inside of the die  4 , so that it can be represented by positional data on the quantity adjusting rail  82 . In view of this, the quantity is detected by the potentiometer  123 . The pressure is measured by the control unit  11  in response to an output signal from the load cell  13 , to be thus stored and read inside of the control unit  11 . The predetermined number of tablets Q, for example, 10 tablets are sampled, and thus, the total weight of the sampled tablets Q is measured by the measuring instrument  2 . The weight measured by the measuring instrument  2  is stored inside of the measuring instrument  2 , and further, is read in by the control unit  11  via the serial signal line SL 1 . The measured quantity, pressure and weight are stored inside of the control unit  11 . 
   In step S 4 , it is determined whether the measured weight falls within the non-control range NWC or the control requiring range WC. That is to say, it is determined, based on the determination of the weight of the measured tablets Q, whether or not the control of the weight and thickness of the tablet Q is necessary. If it is determined that the measured weight falls within the control requiring range WC, the quantity and thickness are controlled in step S 5 . In contrast, if it is determined that the measured weight does not fall within the control requiring range WC, that is, that the weight of the tablet Q is normal, only the thickness is controlled in step S 6 . 
   In the quantity control in step S 5 , a correction quantity is calculated based on the standard weight SW, the measured quantity and the measured weight, wherein the quantity adjusting rail  82  is controlled until the calculated correction quantity is obtained. Specifically, if the calculated correction quantity is smaller than a current quantity, the control unit  11  outputs a control signal to the powder material amount adjuster  12  in such a manner as to decrease the quantity, thereby ascending the quantity adjusting rail  82 . To the contrary, if the correction quantity is greater than the current quantity, the control unit  11  descends the quantity adjusting rail  82  in such a manner as to increase the quantity, thereby controlling the quantity. The correction quantity is calculated by the following equation:
 
Correction quantity=current quantity·(standard weight/current weight)  (1)
 
   In Equation (1), the current quantity and the current weight are the latest quantity and weight which are read in step S 3 . 
   The thickness control in steps S 5  and S 6  is performed resulting from the measurement by the control unit  11  in response to the output signal from the load cell  13  and the determination based on the pressure stored in the control unit  11 , as illustrated in  FIG. 8 . Specifically, first in step S 61 , a latest pressure stored at this time is read in. In this case, the pressure may be one measurement value or may be an average of all measurement values which are measured per one rotation of the turret. 
   Next, in steps S 62  and S 63 , it is determined whether or not the measured pressure satisfies each of criteria. Specifically, in step S 62 , it is determined, based on the open set value OSV, whether or not the measured pressure is equal to or higher than an open level. Furthermore, in step S 63 , it is determined, based on the compression set value PSV, whether or not the measured pressure is equal to or lower than a compression level. 
   In step S 62 , if the measured pressure is equal to or higher than the open set value OSV and lower than the upper stop pressure set value USV, to be thus determined that the measured pressure is equal to or higher than the open level, a compression thickness is increased in step S 64 . In other words, the control unit  11  operates the motor  141 , thereby descending the position of the lower main compression roll  95 . In this manner, the distance between the upper and lower main compression rolls  94  and  95  is increased. 
   In step S 63 , if the measured pressure is equal to or lower than the compression set value PSV and equal to or higher than the lower stop pressure set value LSV, to be thus determined that the measured pressure is equal to or lower than the compression level, the compression thickness is decreased in step S 65 . In other words, the control unit  11  operates the motor  141 , thereby ascending the position of the lower main compression roll  95 . In this manner, the distance between the upper and lower main compression rolls  94  and  95  is decreased. 
   As described above, in the case where the weight of the tablet Q is normal or the control in step S 5  is performed, the position of the lower main compression roll  95  is controlled and the thickness of the tablet Q is adjusted while controlling the weight based on the determination which criterion the pressure in compressively molding the powder material satisfies. For example, when the powder material compression molding machine is started to be operated, its interior temperature is increased, thereby increasing the size of the upper and/or lower punch. The change in size of the punch can be detected in accordance with the increase in compressively molding pressure when the weight of the powder material is normal, in other words, when the weight of the tablet Q falls within the non-control range NWC. 
   In this operational status, the latest pressure at this time is taken in. When the taken-in pressure becomes equal to or higher than the open set value OSV, the position of the lower main compression roll  95  is adjusted, that is, is descended lower than the current position, so as to increase the compression thickness. Consequently, after the adjustment of the lower main compression roll  95 , the distance between the upper and lower main compression rolls  94  and  95  is increased, thus preventing the thickness of the tablet Q from being equal to or less than a specified value. 
   To the contrary, when the taken-in pressure becomes equal to or lower than the compression set value PSV, the position of the lower main compression roll  95  is ascended higher than the current position, so as to decrease the compression thickness. As a result, after the adjustment, the distance between the upper and lower main compression rolls  94  and  95  is decreased, so that the thickness of the tablet Q becomes the specified value. In this manner, the thickness of the tablet Q can be held within a reference thickness range. 
   Note that although the plurality of tablets Q are sampled, and then, the sum of the measured weights is regarded as the weight for use in the quantity control in the above-described preferred embodiment, a weight of a tablet Q individually measured may be used or an average weight of a plurality of tablets Q may be used. The weight may be manually measured, and thereafter, the measured weight may be manually input into the control unit  11 . 
   Moreover, although the tablet Q is sampled, and then, the weight is measured in the above-described preferred embodiment, the weight of the tablet Q may be estimated based on the detected pressure. Specifically, the pressure during the compression is varied according to the amount of powder material filled in the die  4 , that is, the weight of the tablet Q. If the amount of filled powder material is much, the weight of the tablet Q becomes heavy. The pressure is measured based on the relationship between the pressure and the weight, as described above, and then, the thickness and weight of the tablet Q are controlled according to the weight of the tablet Q estimated from the measured pressure in accordance with control procedures, described later, as illustrated in  FIG. 9 . Note that the control unit  11  having a control program different from that in the above-described preferred embodiment may be used in the present preferred embodiment. 
   First in step S 101 , it is determined whether or not it is a data collection start time. If it is determined that it is a data collection start time, a turn counter is incremented in step S 102 . Thereafter, in step S 103 , a pressure is measured, and further, a pressure set value is read in, like in step S 3 . 
   Next, it is determined in steps S 104  to S 107  whether or not measured pressures satisfy criteria. In other words, the steps S 104  and S 107  correspond to the above-described steps S 62  and S 63 , respectively. In step S 104 , it is determined, based on the open set value OSV, whether or not the measured pressure is equal to or higher than an open level. Furthermore, in step S 107 , it is determined, based on the compression set value PSV, whether or not the measured pressure is equal to or lower than a compression level. In step S 105 , it is determined, based on the upper limit decrease pressure set value UPV, whether or not the measured pressure is equal to or higher than a decrease level. In step S 106 , it is determined, based on the lower limit increase pressure set value LPV, whether or not the measured pressure is equal to or lower than an increase level. Here, the controls in steps S 104  to S 107  are processed at substantially the same time. 
   In step S 104 , if the measured pressure is equal to or higher than the open set value OSV and lower than the upper stop pressure set value USV, to be thus determined that the measured pressure is equal to or higher than the open level, a compression thickness is increased in step S 108 . In other words, the control unit  11  operates the motor  141 , thereby descending the position of the lower main compression roll  95 . In this manner, the distance between the upper and lower main compression rolls  94  and  95  is increased. 
   In step S 107 , if the measured pressure is equal to or lower than the compression set value PSV and equal to or higher than the lower stop pressure set value LSV, to be thus determined that the measured pressure is equal to or lower than the compression level, the compression thickness is decreased in step S 111 . In other words, the control unit  11  operates the motor  141 , thereby ascending the position of the lower main compression roll  95 . In this manner, the distance between the upper and lower main compression rolls  94  and  95  is decreased. 
   In step S 105 , if it is determined that the measured pressure is equal to or higher than the upper limit decrease pressure set value UPV and lower than the upper stop pressure set value USV, and therefore, that the measured pressure is the decrease level or higher, the powder material is shallowly filled in step S 109 . In other words, the control unit  11  operates the motor  121 , thereby ascending the position of the quantity adjusting rail  82 . As a consequence, the amount of powder material is decreased. 
   In step S 106 , if it is determined that the measured pressure is equal to or lower than the lower limit increase pressure set value LPV and equal to or higher than the lower stop pressure set value LSV, and therefore, that the measured pressure is equal to or lower than the increase level, the powder material is deeply filled in step S 110 . In other words, the control unit  11  operates the motor  121 , thereby descending the position of the quantity adjusting rail  82 . As a consequence, the amount of powder material is increased. 
   Incidentally, in the case where the detected pressure does not satisfy a condition in each of steps S 104  to S 107 , it is determined that the pressure is included in the non-control range portion NCP, thereby ending the control routine. 
   In this manner, the weight and thickness of the tablet Q are adjusted based on the measured pressure. That is to say, if the measured pressure is included in the decompression/compression control range portion PCP, the quantity, that is, the weight of the tablet Q is adjusted. In contrast, if the measured pressure is included in the increase/decrease control range portion ECP, the thickness of the tablet Q is adjusted. 
   Thus, the same effects as those in the above-described preferred embodiment can be produced. 
   Here, in the present modification, it may be determined between steps S 103  and S 104  whether or not the detected pressure is included in the non-control range portion NCP. 
   Alternatively, the specific constitution of each of the components is not limited to the above-described preferred embodiments, and therefore, various modifications may be implemented without departing from the scope of the invention.