Abstract:
The present invention discloses a microstructure optical phase shifting film and lens. The optical phase shifting film is an integrated structure which includes a light-phase-shifting-film base and the convex surface positioned thereon. The convex surface has a plurality of semi-cylinder like protrusions which have the same height and are separated from a constant pitch with each other. A lens layer is covered on the surface of the optical phase shifting film to form a microstructure lens. The optical phase shift film exhibits different refractive index because of the light with different polarization angle. Therefore, the microstructure functions as a lenticular lens used in 2D/3D switching display.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is relative to a monocoque microstructure optical phase shifting film and a microstructure cylindrical lens, and especially to the microstructure optical phase shifting film for 2D/3D display switching. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The 3D display technique is regarded as the product of the new generation. Although the hardware technique of the glasses base 3D display is well-developed and can satisfy the demand for multiple people to watch the same displayer, to wear the glasses when watching the displayer is still a obstruction. Therefore, many manufactures do efforts on researching the 3D display technique that can work without wearing the glasses. Therefore, the bare eye 3D display technique is the mainstream of the future. Today, the bare eye 3D display technique has achieved the multi-view display for multiple people to watch simultaneously. 
     But the bare eye multi-view 3D displayer may display the vague text and cause the reading problems. Therefore, the hardware of the 3D displayer has to automatically detect the text/image and their display area in order to display the image in 3D mode and display the text in the traditional 2D mode while partially switching between the 2D and 3D modes in real-time. 
     The optical controlling technique of the switchable 3D display of the flat television includes the barrier technique of  FIG. 1   a  and the lenticular lens of  FIG. 1   b . The basic theory is to divide the image into the pixel  111  for the right eye and pixel  112  for the left eye  112 . In the parallax barrier technique, the parallax barrier is used to shield the right eye  101  from the pixel  111  for the left eye  102 , and shield the left eye  102  from the pixel  112  for the right eye  101 . Therefore, the right eye  101  and the left eye  102  can see images with different optical phases and, thus render the 3D image. The lenticular lens technique uses the refractive property of the lenticular lens  130  to refract pixel  112  for the right eye  101  and pixel  111  for the left eye  102  to the right eye  101  and the left eye  102 , respectively. In the traditional technique, the lenticular lens possesses the better lightness, but its manufacture is not as stable or mature as the parallax barrier, and thus the parallax barrier takes the advantage of the cost. However, the above-mentioned two techniques merely display the fixed 3D images and fail to switch dynamically between 2D/3D images. 
       FIGS. 2   a  and  2   b  show the traditional technique for dynamically switching between 2D/3D images. The technique possesses: a switching layer  220  for changing the polarization angle of the light by applying the polarization electrical voltage on the polarization film  210  over/under the switching layer  220 ; a crystal layer  240  for change its refraction index by controlling the electrical voltage; and a lens layer  250  having a fixed refraction index n. By referring to  FIG. 2   a , when the polarization voltage Vs  271  is applied to the polarization film  210  over/under the switching crystal layer  220 , the orientation of the molecules of the crystal is changed in order to make the light  280  with 0 degree polarization orientation, which is incident into the switching crystal layer  220  through pixel  201 , becomes the light  281  with 90 degree polarization orientation. Among them, the refraction index of the crystal layer  240  is controlled as N, which is different from the refraction index n of the lens layer  250 , and thus the forwarding direction of the light is changed to achieve the effect of the lenticular lens and the 3D mode. By referring to  FIG. 2   b , when the polarization voltage Vb  272  is applied to the polarization film  210  over/under the switching crystal layer  220 , the orientation of molecules of the crystal is changed in order to make the light  280  with 0 degree polarization orientation, which is incident into the switching crystal layer  220 , is still the light  280  with 0 degree polarization orientation. However, the refraction index of the crystal layer  240  is controlled as n, which is the same as the refraction index n of the lens layer  250 , and thus the forwarding direction of the light is not changed, i.e., the 2D mode. 
     However, the traditional technique possesses many disadvantages. For example, the crystal layer  240  and the lens layer  250  have to be formed on a glass substrate  230 , and require a glass substrate  260  covered thereon. And, the crystal layer  240  has to be controlled by the electrical voltage or other method to change its refraction index to cooperate with the lens layer  250  to achieve the function of switching between 2D/3D. 
     The invention possesses many advantages. For example, the invention can save the glass substrate, and does not need to control the crystal lens to change the refraction index. Moreover, the lens film of the invention is moncoque, and reduces the cost of manufacturing. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention discloses a microstructure optical phase shifting film and lens. The microstructure optical phase shifting film comprises a convex surface positioned on the light-phase-shifting-film base, wherein the convex surface has a plurality of semi-cylinder like protrusions with equal heights arrayed in a constant pitch and parallel to each other, a height is formed between a highest point and a base point of the semi-cylinder like protrusions and axis of the semi-cylinder like protrusions and an alignment phase of material molecules of the microstructure optical phase shifting film form an angle. 
     The material of the optical phase shifting film is the transparent material comprising: polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), tri-acetyl cellulose (TAC), cellulose Acetate Propionate (CAP). The thickness of the light-phase-shifting-film base is 50 μm˜150 μm, the constant pitch is 120 μm˜450 μm, and the height is 10 μm˜180 μm. Factors used to change to refraction index of the microstructure optical phase shifting film comprising: the angle, the height of the semi-cylinder like protrusions, the constant pitch of the semi-cylinder like protrusions, or a polarization angle of an incident light. 
     The invention discloses a lens comprising the microstructure optical phase shifting film comprises a lens layer with a first refraction index on the semi-cylinder like protrusions, wherein an incident light with a polarization angle from a bottom flat surface of the light-phase-shifting-film base penetrates the microstructure optical phase shifting film and the lens layer. Wherein a first refraction index of the microstructure optical phase shifting film in a first polarization angle of the incident light is different from a second refraction index of the microstructure optical phase shifting film in a second polarization angle of the incident light. 
     In an embodiment, the first polarization angle comprises 0 or 180 degree and the second polarization angle comprises 90 or 270 degree. In another embodiment, the first polarization angle comprises 90 or 270 degree and the second polarization angle comprises 0 or 180 degree. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The inventions claimed and/or described herein are further described in terms of exemplary embodiments. These exemplary embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawings. These embodiments are non-limiting exemplary embodiments, in which like reference numerals represent similar structures throughout the several views of the drawings, and wherein: 
         FIGS. 1   a  and  1   b  illustrate the prior art of the 3D image. 
         FIGS. 2   a  and  2   b  illustrate the prior art to switching between the 2D/3D images. 
         FIGS. 3   a - 3   c  illustrate an exemplary monocoque microstructure optical phase shifting film of the invention. 
         FIG. 4  shows the theory of the refraction of the optical phase shifting film of the invention. 
         FIGS. 5   a  and  5   b  illustrates the exemplary application of the optical phase shifting film of the invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     The embodiments and aspects of the present invention will be described to illustrate the structures and processes, which are the examples rather than the limitations for the claims of the present invention. Therefore, in addition to the preferred embodiments of the specification, the present invention can be widely applied in other embodiments. 
     The monocoque microstructure optical phase shifting film and lens of the invention possess many advantages over the traditional techniques. For example, the invention can save the glass substrate, and does not need to control the crystal lens to change the refraction index. Moreover, the lens film of the invention is monocoque, and the invention reduces the cost to produce the optical phase shifting film for switching between the 2D/3D images. 
     The cross-sectional view of the  FIG. 3   a  shows the example microstructure optical phase shifting film  310  of the invention, wherein the optical phase shifting film  310  is monocoque. For the clarity the description, the optical phase shifting film  310  is divided into the optical-phase-shifting-film base  311  and the semi-cylinder like protrusions  312 , wherein the bottom  301  of the optical-phase-shifting-film base  311  has a flat bottom surface. The thickness of the base of an embodiment is 50 μm˜150 μm.  FIG. 3   b  shows the bottom view of the bottom  301  of the invention. The bottom  301  is rectangular and the lengths of its longitudinal side  302  and its lateral side  303  can be designed on the basis of the applied plate. The semi-cylinder like protrusions  312  of the optical phase shifting film  310  are positioned in a pitch P, which is 150 μm˜200 μm in an embodiment and 120 μm˜450 μm in another embodiment. In the practice, the pitch P varies on the basis of the pitch between the pixels of the applied plate. The axis of the semi-cylinder like protrusions  312  can be designed as being parallel to the longitudinal side  302  and the lateral side  303 . 
     The thickness D of the base of the optical phase shifting film  310  can be changed on the basis of the requirement, for example, the transparency, the yield rate, the flexibility, and the adhesion. The height h of the semi-cylinder like protrusions  312  is measured from their base point of the light-phase-shifting-film base  311  to the highest point of the semi-cylinder like protrusions  312 . In an embodiment, the height h is, for example, 10 μm˜180 μm. The height h of the semi-cylinder like protrusions  312  affects the curvature of the semi-cylinder like protrusions  312 , and the height h can be changed to change the refraction index of the semi-cylinder like protrusions  312 . Therefore, the height h is designed and can be changed on the basis of the requirement. 
     In an embodiment, the material of the optical phase shifting film  310  is the transparent material comprising: polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), tri-acetyl cellulose (TAC), cellulose Acetate Propionate (CAP). 
     In an embodiment, as shown in the  FIG. 3   c , the lens layer  320  is covered on the surface of the semi-cylinder like protrusions  312  of the optical phase shifting film  310  to form a microstructure lens  330 . The microstructure lens  330  is affixed to the plate of the displayer by the bottom  301  of the optical phase shifting film  310 . 
       FIG. 4  shows the theory of the refraction of the optical phase shifting film  310  in the invention. As shown, the material molecules  421  of the optical phase shifting film  310  are aligned in one orientation. The axis  410  of the semi-cylinder like protrusions of the optical phase shifting film and the phase axis  420  of the material molecules form an angle θ, which can be controlled to change the refraction index of the optical phase shifting film  310 . In an embodiment, the refraction index of the optical phase shifting film  310  can be changed by adjusting the height h and the pitch of the semi-cylinder like protrusions  312  of optical phase shifting film  310 . 
     The following explains how the microstructure lens  330  is applied to the display plate to achieve the function to switch between 2D/3D.  FIGS. 5   a  and  5   b  show the microstructure lens  330  of the invention, which is applied on the display with a switching layer  220 , wherein the bottom  301  of the optical phase shifting film  310  is affixed to the switching layer  220 . In  FIG. 5   a , when the polarization voltage Va  271  is applied to the polarization film  210  over/under the switching crystal layer  220 , the orientation of the molecules of the crystal is changed in order to make the light  580  with 0 degree polarization orientation, which is incident into the switching crystal layer  220  through pixel  201 , become the incident light  581  with 90 or 270 degree polarization orientation. Among them, the refraction index of the crystal layer  240  is N, which is different from the refraction index n of the lens layer  320 , and thus the forwarding direction  583  of the light is changed to achieve the effect of the lenticular lens and the 3D mode. In another embodiment, when the polarization voltage Va  271  is applied to the polarization film  210  over/under the switching crystal layer  220 , the orientation of the molecules of the crystal is changed in order to make the light  580  with 0 degree polarization orientation, which is incident into the switching crystal layer  220  through pixel  201 , become the light with 0 or 180 degree polarization orientation (not shown). Among them, the refraction index of the optical phase shifting film  310  is N, which is different from the refraction index n of the lens layer  320 , and thus the forwarding direction of the light is changed to achieve the effect of the lenticular lens and the 3D mode. 
     In  FIG. 5   b , when the polarization voltage Vb  272  is applied to the polarization film  210  over/under the switching crystal layer  220 , the orientation of the molecules of the crystal is changed in order to make the light  580  with 0 degree polarization orientation, which is incident into the switching crystal layer  220  through pixel  201 , become the incident light  582  with 0 or 180 degree polarization orientation. Among them, the refraction index of the optical phase shifting film  310  is n, which is the same as the refraction index n of the lens layer  320 , and thus the forwarding direction of the light is not changed, i.e., the 2D mode. In another embodiment, when the polarization voltage Vb  272  is applied to the polarization film  210  over/under the switching crystal layer  220 , the orientation of the molecules of the crystal is changed in order to make the light  580  with 0 degree polarization orientation, which is incident into the switching crystal layer  220  through pixel  201 , become the incident light (not shown) with 90 or 270 degree polarization orientation. Among them, the refraction index of the optical phase shifting film  310  is n, which is the same as the refraction index n of the lens layer  320 , and thus the forwarding direction of the light is not changed, i.e., the 2D mode. 
     It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit and essential characteristics of the invention. Thus, the above embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention should be determined by reasonable interpretation of the appended claims and all change which comes within the equivalent scope of the invention are included in the scope of the invention.