Abstract:
Provided is an image pickup lens composed of three lens elements and an image pickup apparatus using the same, where the image pickup lens has satisfactorily corrected aberrations despite being smaller in size than conventional image pickup lenses. As image pickup lens includes, in order from the object side, an aperture stop, a first lens, a second lens, and a third lens. The first lens is a positive lens and is a meniscus lens having a convex surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the object side, and the third lens is a negative lens. The image pickup lens satisfies conditional expressions relating to an air gap between the second and third lenses, a focal length of the second lens, and a curvature radius of the object-side surface of the second lens.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This is a U.S. National Phase Application under 35 USC 371 of International Application PCT/JP2010/067533 filed on Oct. 6, 2010. 
     This application claims the priority of JP 2009-239640 filed on Oct. 6, 2009, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to an image pickup lens suitable for an image pickup apparatus employing a solid-state image pickup element such as a CCD (Charge Coupled Devices) type image sensor and a CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) type image sensor, and to an image pickup apparatus. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Recently, compact and thin image pickup apparatuses each employing a solid-state image pickup element such as a CCD type image sensor and a CMOS type image sensor have come to be mounted on mobile terminals being compact and thin electronic devices such as a cell phone and PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), and further on note PCs, which allows mutual transmission not only of sound information but also of image information to a remote location. Such the image pickup apparatuses are strongly demanded to be downsized and to handle high quality images realizing image quality expected by users. 
     A solid-state image pickup element and an image pickup lens are main components constructing an image pickup apparatus. As a solid-state image pickup element, many apparatuses use a device such as a CCD type image sensor and a CMOS type image sensor, In recent years, downsizing of pixel pitch of a solid-state image pickup element has been advanced, and high resolution and high performance are being achieved by using the increased number of pixels. On the other hand, downsizing of a solid-state image pickup element is being achieved by keeping the number of pixels. 
     In view of those, an image pickup lens which has a three-lens structure and includes a first lens and second lens both having positive power, has been proposed as disclosed in Patent Literature 1. Further, an image pickup lens wherein a second lens is negative has been proposed as shown in Patent literatures 2 to 4. 
     CITATION LIST 
     Patent Literature 
     Patent Literature 1: JP-A No. 2005-17884 
     Patent Literature 2: JP-A No. 2007-156277 
     Patent Literature 3: JP-B No. 4256442 
     Patent Literature 4: JP-A No. 2005-308800 
     SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     Technical Problem 
     However, in the image pickup lens disclosed in Patent Literature 1, correction of coma and astigmatism is not sufficient, and it is hardly considered that the image pickup lens is configured to handle an increased number of pixels of a solid-state image pickup element Further, it was difficult for image pickup lenses disclosed in Patent Literatures 2 to 4 to form high quality images, because of their insufficient F-numbers, insufficiently corrected astigmatism, and large curvature of field. 
     The present invention has been achieved in view of such the problems and is aimed to provide an image pickup lens which has a three-lens structure, and an image pickup apparatus using the image pickup lens. In the image pickup lens, various aberrations are corrected satisfactorily, while a smaller size than the conventional image pickup lenses is achieved. 
     As for a dimension of a small-sized image pickup lens, the present invention is aimed to achieve downsizing at the level satisfying the following expression (I).
 
TL/2Y′&lt;0.9  (I)
 
     In the expression, TL is a distance on the optical axis from the lens surface arranged at the closest position to the object side in the total system of the image pickup lens to the focal point at the image side, and  2 Y′ is a diagonal length of an image pickup plane of a solid-state image pickup element (a diagonal length of a rectangular effective pixel area of the solid-state image pickup element). Satisfying the range allows to downsize the whole image pickup apparatus and reduce the outer diameter of the lens as a synergy effect. Thereby, the image pickup apparatus can be reduced in size and weight as a whole. 
     In the above description, “focal point at the image side” means an image point formed when a parallel ray which is parallel with the optical axis enters a lens. When there is an a parallel flat plate such as an optical low-pass filter, an infrared cut-off filter, a band-pass filter and a sealing glass of a solid-state image pickup element package, at a position between the lens surface arranged at the closest position to the image side in the image pickup lens and the focal point at the image side, the value of TL is calculated on the assumption that a space of the parallel flat plate is regarded as an air-equivalent distance. 
     Solution to Problem 
     An image pickup lens described as an aspect of the present invention is an image pickup lens characterized by comprising, in order from an object side thereof, an aperture stop, a first lens, a second lens and a third lens, wherein the first lens is a positive lens and is a meniscus lens having a convex surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing an image side, the second lens is a lens including a concave surface facing the object side, the third lens is a negative lens, and the image pickup lens satisfies the following conditional expressions.
 
0.10&lt;D4/f&lt;0.25  (1)
 
0.00≦|f/f2|&lt;0.65  (2)
 
−2.50&lt;f/r3&lt;0.00  (3)
 
     In the expressions, D 4  is a distance (mm) of an air gap on an optical axis between the second lens and the third lens, 
     f is a focal length (mm) of a total system of the image pickup lens, 
     f 2  is a focal length (mm) of the second lens, and 
     r 3  is a curvature radius (mm) of the surface facing the object side of the second lens. 
     A basic construction of the present invention for obtaining a compact image pickup lens with excellently corrected aberrations, is composed of, in order from the object side, an aperture stop, a first lens having a positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape including a convex surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the image side, a second lens including a concave surface facing the object side, and a third lens having negative refractive power. This lens construction is advantageous in downsizing the total length of the image pickup lens because the first surface is convex toward the object side and the second surface is concave toward the image side in the first lens. Further, the third lens being a negative lens makes the Petzval sum small, and enables to obtain an image pickup lens in which an excellent image-forming property is kept up to the periphery. By arranging an aperture stop at a position closer to the object side than the object-side surface of the first lens, the position of the exit pupil can be located farther than an image pickup plane. Therefore, the total length can be reduced, while telecentric property (hereinafter, is referred as “telecentricity”) is kept to be excellent 
     Herein, the relationship of the total length of the image pickup lens and the focal length of the first lens will be described. It is assumed that the lens constriction relating to the present invention is made up of a thin positive lens which is composed of the first lens and the second lens, and a thin negative lens which is composed of the third lens. The total length of the lens is provided by the following expression, where fl 2  is a focal length of the first compound lens, d is a distance between the two compound lenses, fB is a distance (back focal length) from the second compound lens to the image plane. 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
                     
                       
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     Assuming that the focal length f of the total system and the composite focal length fl 2  of the first lens and second lens are constant, the expression (7) shows that the total length can be more reduced as the distanced between the compound lens composed of the first lens and the second lens, and the third lens is greater. On the other hand, assuming that the focal length f of the total system and distanced between the compound lens composed of the first lens and the second lens, and the third lens (namely, D 4 ) are constant, the expression (7) shows that the total length can be more reduced as the composite focal length fl 2  of the first lens and second lens is smaller. 
     (Effect of Conditional Expression (1)) 
     Conditional expression (1) is a conditional expression for shortening the total length of the image pickup lens. As described above, in order to shorten the total length of the image pickup lens, distance D 4  is preferably set to be broad. However, when the value of D 4 /f of Conditional expression (1) exceeds the upper limit, a bundle of axial rays entering the third lens becomes excessively thin and longitudinal chromatic aberration is hardly corrected in an excellent condition. Further, the height of off-axis rays entering the third lens becomes high and it makes the diameter of the third lens large, which is disadvantageous in making the lens compact On the other hand, when the value of D 4 /f of Conditional expression (1) is lower than the lower limit, the total lens length is hardly reduced effectively. Therefore, it is preferable that Conditional expression (1) is satisfied. Further, the range of the following expression (1′) is more preferable.
 
0.10&lt;D4/f&lt;0.20  (1′)
 
(Effects of Conditional Expression (2))
 
     Conditional expression (2) is a conditional expression for shortening the total length of the image pickup lens. As described above, in order to shorten the total lens length, the composite focal length fl 2  of the first lens and the second lens is required to be reduced. For reducing the composite focal length fl 2 , it can be considered to strengthen the power of the first lens firstly. However, an increase of the power of the first lens enlarges spherical aberration and coma to be generated at an off-axis area, and they are not corrected sufficiently with the succeeding lens. 
     When the power of the second lens is negative, the second lens with weaker power makes composite focal length fl 2  smaller and makes the total length shorter. When the power of the second lens is positive, the second lens with greater power is advantageous in decreasing the total length, but excessively strong power of the second lens makes longitudinal chromatic aberration insufficiently corrected and further makes Petzval sum great so that curvature of field cannot be corrected. From the above viewpoints, it is preferable that the power of the second lens is weaker whether the power is positive or negative, for reducing the total length with correcting the longitudinal aberration and curvature of field. Therefore, it is preferable that Conditional expression (2) is satisfied. Further, the range of the following expression (2′) is more preferable.
 
0.00≦|f/f2|&lt;0.55  (2′)
 
(Effects of Conditional Expression (3))
 
     Conditional expression (3) is a conditional expression for correcting coma excellently at the intermediate image height with reducing the total length of the image pickup lens. For correcting coma, it is preferable to make curvature of a surface where a thick light flux passes as gentle as possible and to reduce the difference between curvature of the surface at a position around the optical axis of the light flux and curvature of the surface at a position around the periphery of the light flux. Therefore, it is preferable that Conditional expression (3) is satisfied. Further, the range of the following expression (3′) is more preferable.
 
−2.35&lt;f/r3&lt;0.00  (3′)
 
     In the present specification, it is defined that the curvature radius of a convex surface is positive and the curvature radius of a concave surface is negative. 
     An image pickup lens as another aspect of the present invention is that the above image pickup lens is characterized in that at least a surface facing the image side of the third lens is an aspheric surface, and the aspheric surface includes at least one aspheric-surface inflection point. 
     By forming at least the surface facing the image side of the third lens into an aspheric shape including an inflection point, telecentric property of a light flux at the image side can be secured easily. Further, astigmatism and coma which are generated in an off-axis area can be corrected excellently. Herein, “an inflection point” means a point on an aspheric surface such that a tangential plane at a peak of the aspheric surface becomes perpendicular to the optical axis on a curve of the sectional shape of the lens within the effective radius. 
     An image pickup lens as another aspect of the present invention is that the above image pickup lens is characterized in that the third lens is a negative meniscus lens in which a convex surface faces the object side in a paraxial region thereof. 
     By forming the third lens into a meniscus shape whose convex surface faces the object side, the position of the principal point of the third lens being a negative lens is located closer to the image side, which enlarges distanced of the compound lens of the first lens and the second lens, and the third lens in the above expression (7), and enables to reduce the total lens length L. 
     An image pickup lens as another aspect of the present invention is that the above image pickup lens is characterized by satisfying the following expression (4).
 
−1.00&lt;f3/f&lt;0.00  (4)
 
     In the expression, f 3  is a focal length (mm) of the third lens. 
     (Effects of Conditional Expression (4)) 
     Conditional expression (4) is a conditional expression for correcting various aberrations excellently with reducing the total length of the image pickup lens. The third lens as a negative lens having stronger power can keep longitudinal chromatic aberration and curvature of field smaller. However, the third lens having weaker power can keep telecentricity more excellently. Therefore, it is important to adjust the balance of them. When the value of f 3 /f becomes lower than the lower limit of Conditional expression (4), it is advantageous in aberration correction but the total length becomes excessively long, which is disadvantageous in downsizing. On the other hand, when the value of f 3 /f exceeds the upper limit of Conditional expression (4), aberration correction becomes insufficient. Therefore, it is preferable that the conditional expression (4) is satisfied. 
     An image pickup lens as another aspect of the present invention is that the above image pickup lens is characterized by satisfying the following expression (5).
 
−1.90&lt;f/r4&lt;0.40  (5)
 
     In the expression, r 4  is a curvature radius (mm) of a surface facing the image side of the second lens. 
     (Effects of Conditional Expression 5) 
     Conditional expression (5) is a conditional expression for correcting various aberrations excellently with reducing the total length of the image pickup lens. When the curvature of the object-side surface of the second lens is gentle, a lens in which Petzval sum and chromatic aberrations are corrected can be obtained, while the total length is kept to be small, by setting the value of r 4  to satisfy Conditional expression (5). When the value of r 4  is positive, the negative power of the second lens becomes greater as the value of r 4  becomes smaller, which makes correction of various aberrations easy. However, when the value exceeds the upper limit of Conditional expression (5), the total length becomes excessively large. On the other hand, when the value of r 4  is negative, the composite power of the first and second lenses becomes greater in the positive direction and the total length becomes shorter as the value of r 4  becomes closer to zero. However, when the value becomes below the lower limit of Conditional expression (5), longitudinal chromatic aberration becomes great and Petzval sum is deteriorated. Therefore, it is preferable that the conditional expression (5) is satisfied. 
     An image pickup lens as another aspect of the present invention is that the above image pickup lens is characterized in that the second lens satisfies the following expression (6).
 
1.55&lt;n2  (6)
 
     In the expression, n2 is a refractive index of the second lens. 
     (Effects of Conditional Expression (6)) 
     Conditional expression (6) is a conditional expression for correcting coma excellently with reducing the total length of the image pickup lens. By increasing the refractive index of the second lens so as to satisfy Conditional expression (6), the curvature radius of the object-side surface of the second lens can be furthermore reduced, and coma can be corrected excellently. 
     An image pickup lens as another aspect of the present invention is that the above image pickup lens is characterized in that each of the first lens, the second lens and the third lens is formed of a heat-resistant material. 
     By forming each of the first lens, the second lens and the third lens out of a heat-resistant material, they can be used for a so-called reflow processing that electric parts and lens modules are mounted on a substrate at the same time in a high-temperature reflow furnace. Therefore, a large number of image pickup apparatuses can be produced at low cost The heat-resistant material is preferably a heat-resistant glass. 
     An image pickup apparatus as another aspect of the present invention is characterized by comprising any one of the above image pickup lenses and a solid-state image pickup element. 
     Advantageous Effects of Invention 
     According to the present invention, there can be provided a three-element image pickup lens which is smaller than the conventional image pickup lenses and exhibits excellently corrected various aberrations, and an image pickup apparatus equipped with the image pickup lens. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  shows a perspective view illustrating an image pickup apparatus  50  relating to the present embodiment. 
         FIG. 2  shows a sectional view illustrating the structure of  FIG. 1  which is cut along arrowed lines II-II, and is viewed in the direction of the arrows. 
       Each of  FIGS. 3   a  and  3   b  shows a condition that image pickup apparatus  50  is mounted on cell phone  100  as a mobile terminal. 
         FIG. 4  shows a control block diagram of cell phone  100 . 
         FIG. 5  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 1. 
         FIGS. 6   a ,  6   b , and  6   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 1. 
         FIG. 7  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 2. 
         FIG. 8   a ,  8   b , and  8   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 2. 
         FIG. 9  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 3. 
         FIGS. 10   a ,  10   b , and  10   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 3. 
         FIG. 11  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 4. 
         FIGS. 12   a ,  12   b , and  12   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 4. 
         FIG. 13  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 5. 
         FIGS. 14   a ,  14   b , and  14   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 5. 
         FIG. 15  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 6. 
         FIGS. 16   a ,  16   b , and  16   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 6. 
         FIG. 17  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 7. 
         FIGS. 18   a ,  18   b , and  18   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 7. 
         FIG. 19  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 8. 
         FIGS. 20   a ,  20   b , and  20   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 8. 
         FIG. 21  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 9. 
         FIGS. 22   a ,  22   b , and  22   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 9. 
         FIG. 23  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 10. 
         FIGS. 24   a ,  24   b , and  24   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 10. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     The embodiment of the present invention will be described with referring to the drawings.  FIG. 1  is a perspective view of image pickup apparatus  50  relating to the present embodiment.  FIG. 2  is a sectional view illustrating the structure of  FIG. 1  which is cut along arrowed lines II-II and is viewed in the arrowed direction. As shown in  FIG. 2 , image pickup apparatus  50  includes CMOS type image sensor  51  as a solid-state image pickup element having photoelectric conversion section  51   a ; image pickup lens  10  for forming a subject image onto photoelectric conversion section  51   a  of the image sensor  51 ; substrate  52  supporting image sensor  51  and including an external connecting terminal (which is unillustrated) for transmitting and receiving electric signal of the image sensor  51 . They are integrally formed in one body. 
     The above image sensor  51  includes photoelectric conversion section  51   a  representing a light-receiving section, on the central portion of a surface on the light-receiving side of the image sensor  51 , and is connected to a signal processing circuit which is not illustrated, wherein on the photoelectric conversion section  51   a , pixels (photoelectric conversion elements) are arranged on a two-dimensional basis. The signal processing circuit is composed of a drive circuit section that obtains signal electric charges by driving respective pixels in succession, A/D converting section that converts each signal electric charge into digital signal and of a signal processing section that forms an output of image signal by using the digital signal. Around the outer edge of the light-receiving-side plane of image sensor  51 , many pads (which are not illustrated) are provided and connected with substrate  52  through wires which are not illustrated. The image pickup element  51  converts the signal charges from the photoelectric conversion section  51   a  into image signal such as digital YUV signal, and outputs it to a predetermined circuit on substrate  52  through wires (which are not illustrated). Reference sign Y represents luminance signal, U (=R−Y) represents color difference signal between red and the luminance signal, and V (=B−Y) represents color difference signal between blue and the luminance signal. Hereupon, the solid-state image pickup element is not limited to the above-described CMOS type image sensor, but another element such as a CCD can be employed. 
     Substrate  52  supporting image sensor  51  is connected to image sensor  51  with wires which are not illustrated so as to enable communication between them. 
     Substrate  52  is connected with an external circuit (for example, a control circuit provided by the higher level of apparatus of a mobile terminal on which the image pickup apparatus is mounted) through an unillustrated external connecting terminal, which enables to receive voltage and clock signal for driving image sensor  51  from the external circuit and to output the digital YUV signal to the external circuit. 
     The top of image sensor  51  is covered and sealed with cover glass CG which is attached to lower lens frame  20  in a rectangular tube (or a cylindrical) shape. Further, above cover glass CG, plate PT such as an infrared cut-off filter is fixed to lower lens frame  20 . The lower end of lower lens frame  20  holding the edges of glass cover CG and plate PT is fixed to the upper surface of substrate  52  with surrounding image sensor  51 . The upper end of lower lens frame  20  is connected with the lower and of upper lens frame  21  with being fitted into the upper lens frame. Upper lens frame  21  is hollow and includes flange section  21   a  extending inside in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, on its upper end. Image pickup lens  10  is arranged inside the flange section with being fitted to the flange section. Image pickup lens  10  is composed of, in order from the object side (upward in  FIG. 2 ), aperture stop formed by an opening of flange section  21   a , first lens L 1  having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the image side, second lens L 2  including a concave surface facing the object side, and third lens L 3  having negative refractive power. Each of lenses L 1  to L 3  is preferably formed of a heat-resistant material, for example a glass material. 
     The top surface of flange section L 1   a  of first lens L 1  comes in contact with the bottom surface of flange section  21   a  of upper lens frame  21 . The top surface of flange section L 2   a  of second lens L 2  comes in contact with the bottom surface of flange section L 1   a  of first lens L 1  directly with supporting light-shielding member SH in a ring plate shape between the surfaces. The bottom surface of flange section L 2   a  of second lens L 2  comes in contact with the top surface of fixing member SP which is attached to upper lens frame  20 , has a ring plate shape and doubles as a spacer. The top surface of flange section L 3   a , of third lens L 3  comes in contact with the bottom surface of the fixing member SP. Thereby, distances between lenses can be adjusted correctly. At the center of flange section  21   a  of upper lens frame  21 , as shown in the figure, an aperture stop in a circular shape is formed. The object-side optical surface of first lens L 1  protrudes from the aperture stop toward the object side. 
     In the present embodiment, the following expressions (1) to (3) hold, where D 4  is a distance (mm) of an air gap on an optical axis between second lens L 2  and third lens L 3 , f is a focal length (mm) of the total system of the image pickup lens, f 2  is a focal length (mm) of second lens L 2 , and r 3  is a curvature radius (mm) of the surface facing the object side of the second lens.
 
0.10&lt;D4/f&lt;0.25  (1)
 
0.00≦|f/f2&lt;0.65  (2)
 
−2.50&lt;f/r3&lt;0.00  (3)
 
     In an assembling process, lower lens frame  20  to which plate PT has been joined is joined and bonded to substrate  52  so as to cover CMOS type image sensor  51  which has been arranged on substrate  52 , and upper lens frame  21  in which first lens L 1 , light-shielding member SH, second lens L 2 , fixing member SP, third lens L 3  are inserted in this order is bonded to lower lens frame  20 . However, the assembling embodiment is not limited to the above. After lower lens frame  20  to which plate PT has been attached and upper lens frame  21  in which first lens L 1 , light-shielding member SH, second lens L 2 , fixing member SP, third lens L 3  have been inserted in this order are bonded together, the resulting body may be bonded to substrate  52  so as to cover CMOS type image sensor  51  which has been arranged on substrate  52 . 
     Next, a utilization embodiment of the above-described image pickup apparatus  50  will be described. Each of  FIGS. 3   a  and  3   b  is a diagram showing a condition that image pickup apparatus  50  is mounted on cell phone  100  as a mobile terminal.  FIG. 4  is a control block diagram of cell phone  100 . 
     In image pickup apparatus  50 , as shown in  FIGS. 3   a  and  3   b , for example, the object-side end surface of the image pickup lens is arranged on the rear surface (where it is assumed that the side of liquid crystal display section is the front) of cell phone  100 , so as to be located at a position corresponding to an area below the liquid crystal display section. The arrangement of image pickup apparatus  50  is not limited to that. 
     The external connecting terminal (which is unillustrated) of image pickup apparatus  50  is connected with control section  101  of cell phone  100  to output image signals such as luminance signal and color difference signal to control section  101 . 
     On the one hand, as shown in  FIG. 4 , cell phone  100  is provided with: control section (CPU)  101  which centrally controls respective sections and executes programs corresponding to various processing, input section  60  for indicating and inputting information such as number; display section  70  for displaying predetermined data and picked-up images; radio communication section  80  for realizing various kinds of information communication to an external server; storage section (ROM)  91  which stores system programs of the cell phone  100 , various processing programs, and necessary data such as terminal ID; and temporary storage section (RAM)  92  which temporarily stores various processing programs and data to be processed by control section  101 , processed data, and image data from the image pickup apparatus  50  and is used as a working area. 
     Image signal inputted from image pickup apparatus  50  is stored in nonvolatile storage section (flash memory)  93 , is displayed on display section  70 , or is transmitted to the outside as image information through radio communication section  80 , by the control section  101  of cell phone  100 . Further, cell phone  100  includes a microphone and speaker for inputting and outputting voices, which are not illustrated. 
     When a photographer holding cell phone  100  aims image pickup lens  10  of image pickup apparatus  50  at the photographic subject, image signal of a still image or movie is captured in image sensor  51 . When the photographer pushes button BT in input section  60  shown in  FIG. 3   a  at the desired timing of shooting, the shutter is released, which results in capturing image signal in image pickup apparatus  50 . The image signal inputted in image pickup apparatus  50  is transmitted to the control section in the above-described cell phone  100 , to be stored in nonvolatile storage section  93 , be displayed in display section  70  or be transmitted outside as image information through radio communication section  80 . 
     EXAMPLES 
     Next, examples suitable for the above-described embodiment will be described. However, the scope of the invention is not limited to the examples which will be described below. Symbols used in each example represent the followings. 
     f. Focal length of the total system of the image pickup lens 
     fB: Back focal length 
     F: F-number 
     2Y: Diagonal length of the image pickup plane of the solid-state image pickup element 
     r: Curvature radius 
     D: Surface distance on the optical axis 
     Nd: Refractive index of a lens material for d-line 
     vd: Abbe number of a lens material 
     ENTP: Position of the entrance pupil under the condition that the object-side surface of the first lens is assumed to be the basis 
     EXTP: Position of the exit pupil under the condition that the rearmost surface of the image pickup optical system is assumed to be the basis 
     H1: Position of the front principal point 
     H2: Position of the tear principal point 
     In each example, a surface represented by a surface number followed by an asterisk “*” is a surface having an aspheric shape. The shape of the aspheric surface is expressed by the following Math. 1, where the peak of the surface is defined as the origin, X-axis extends along the optical axis direction, and h represents the height in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. In the following descriptions (including data of Tables), the power of 10 (for example, 2.5×10 −02 ) will be expressed as by using “E” (for example, 2.5E-02). A blank in numerical data in Tables represents zero. 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
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                     1 
                   
                   ] 
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     In the expression, A i  is i-th-order aspheric surface coefficient, R is a curvature radius, and K is a conic constant. 
     Example 1 
     Table 1 shows lens data of Example 1.  FIG. 5  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 1. In the figure, S represents an aperture stop, L 1  represents the first lens having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the image side, L 2  represents the second lens having negative refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a concave surface facing the object side and a convex surface facing the image side, L 3  represents the third lens having negative refractive power, having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side, and including an inflection point on each of the object-side surface and the image-side surface, PT represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as an optical low-pass filter and IR cut-off filter, CG represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as a seal glass of a solid-state image pickup element, and IM represents a solid-state image pickup element.  FIGS. 6   a ,  6   b , and  6   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 1. In the spherical aberration diagram, a dashed line and a solid line represent the amounts of spherical aberration for g-line and d-line, respectively. In the astigmatism diagram, the solid line represents a sagittal plane and the dashed line represents a meridional plane. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Example 1 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 f = 3.74 mm 
                 fB = 0.12 mm 
                 F = 2.84 
                 2Y = 4.48 mm 
               
               
                 ENTP = 0 mm 
                 EXTP = −2.36 mm 
                 H1 = −1.9 mm 
                 H2 = −3.62 mm 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Effective 
               
               
                 No. 
                 R(mm) 
                 D(mm) 
                 Nd 
                 νd 
                 radius (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 ∞ 
                 0.05 
                   
                   
                 0.65 
               
               
                 2 
                 ∞ 
                 −0.23 
                   
                   
                 0.65 
               
               
                  3* 
                 1.054 
                 0.72 
                 1.58020 
                 56.3 
                 0.67 
               
               
                  4* 
                 2.027 
                 0.39 
                   
                   
                 0.61 
               
               
                  5* 
                 −3.116 
                 0.55 
                 1.80470 
                 24.3 
                 0.70 
               
               
                  6* 
                 −4.835 
                 0.63 
                   
                   
                 0.95 
               
               
                  7* 
                 3.618 
                 0.70 
                 1.58020 
                 56.3 
                 1.52 
               
               
                  8* 
                 2.161 
                 0.19 
                   
                   
                 1.85 
               
               
                 9 
                 ∞ 
                 0.15 
                 1.51390 
                 60.7 
                 2.09 
               
               
                 10  
                 ∞ 
                 0.18 
                   
                   
                 2.12 
               
               
                 11  
                 ∞ 
                 0.50 
                 1.46920 
                 61.7 
                 2.19 
               
               
                 12  
                 ∞ 
                 0.12 
                   
                   
                 2.33 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 *: Aspheric surface coefficient 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Third surface 
                 K = −0.14294E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.38162E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.63170E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.20792E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.18432E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.48270E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.94529E−01 
               
               
                   
                 Fourth surface 
                 K = 0.80226E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.74974E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.64686E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.19354E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.50703E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.34529E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.59938E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Fifth surface 
                 K = −0.49984E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.31608E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.34755E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.17102E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.41506E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.13420E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.50594E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.27483E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Sixth surface 
                 K = 0.16674E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.79727E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.13899E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.44057E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.19369E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.16993E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.93716E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.80329E−01 
               
               
                   
                 Seventh surface 
                 K = −0.44874E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.14756E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.35194E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.32262E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.18592E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.36658E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.16039E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.31846E−04 
               
               
                   
                 Eighth surface 
                 K = −0.10719E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.96568E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.26771E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.11261E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.19879E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.15579E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.12433E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.15264E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Single lens data 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Lens block 
                 Forefront surface 
                 Focal length (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 3 
                 2.976 
               
               
                 2 
                 5 
                 −12.700 
               
               
                 3 
                 7 
                 −11.228 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Example 2 
     Table 2 shows lens data of Example 2.  FIG. 7  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 2. In the figure, S represents an aperture stop, L 1  represents the first lens having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the image side, L 2  represents the second lens having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a concave surface facing the object side and a convex surface facing the image side, L 3  represents the third lens having negative refractive power, having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side, and including an inflection point on each of the object-side surface and the image-side surface, PT represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as an optical low-pass filter and IR cut-off filter, CG represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as a seal glass of a solid-state image pickup element, and IM represents a solid-state image pickup element.  FIGS. 8   a ,  8   b , and  8   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 2. In the spherical aberration diagram, a dashed line and a solid line represent the amounts of spherical aberration for g-line and d-line, respectively. In the astigmatism diagram, the solid line represents a sagittal plane and the dashed line represents a meridional plane. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Example 2 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 f = 3.74 mm 
                 fB = 0.13 mm 
                 F = 2.84 
                 2Y = 4.48 mm 
               
               
                 ENTP = 0 mm 
                 EXTP = −2.38 
                 H1 = −1.85 mm 
                 H2 = −3.61 mm 
               
               
                   
                 mm 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Effective 
               
               
                 No. 
                 R(mm) 
                 D(mm) 
                 Nd 
                 νd 
                 radius (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 ∞ 
                 0.05 
                   
                   
                 0.65 
               
               
                 2 
                 ∞ 
                 −0.21 
                   
                   
                 0.65 
               
               
                  3* 
                 1.127 
                 0.69 
                 1.58020 
                 56.3 
                 0.66 
               
               
                  4* 
                 2.201 
                 0.52 
                   
                   
                 0.64 
               
               
                  5* 
                 −2.280 
                 0.55 
                 1.58020 
                 56.3 
                 0.76 
               
               
                  6* 
                 −2.474 
                 0.61 
                   
                   
                 1.00 
               
               
                  7* 
                 3.534 
                 0.61 
                 1.58020 
                 56.3 
                 1.51 
               
               
                  8* 
                 1.780 
                 0.20 
                   
                   
                 1.84 
               
               
                 9 
                 ∞ 
                 0.15 
                 1.51390 
                 60.7 
                 2.08 
               
               
                 10  
                 ∞ 
                 0.18 
                   
                   
                 2.12 
               
               
                 11  
                 ∞ 
                 0.50 
                 1.46920 
                 61.7 
                 2.19 
               
               
                 12  
                 ∞ 
                 0.13 
                   
                   
                 2.33 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Aspheric surface coefficient 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Third surface 
                 K = −0.16065E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.36307E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.73927E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.60479E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.13803E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.16821E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.19006E+00 
               
               
                   
                 Fourth surface 
                 K = 0.65088E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.43977E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.70312E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.25260E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.24832E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.19076E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.57815E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Fifth surface 
                 K = −0.14935E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.28182E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.14865E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.60631E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.26416E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.17018E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.35440E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −020804E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Sixth surface 
                 K = −0.20549E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.13239E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.13404E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.13421E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.36910E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.30183E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.10028E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.82484E−01 
               
               
                   
                 Seventh surface 
                 K = −0.42140E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.22333E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.74301E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.10163E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.51029E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.19621E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.15602E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.11872E−03 
               
               
                   
                 Eighth surface 
                 K = −0.10411E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.11511E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.32495E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.10621E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.16396E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.15521E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.12966E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.18035E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Single lens data 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Lens block 
                 Forefront surface 
                 Focal length (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 3 
                 3.219 
               
               
                 2 
                 5 
                 1191.466 
               
               
                 3 
                 7 
                 −7.087 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Example 3 
     Table 3 shows lens data of Example 3.  FIG. 9  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 3. In the figure, S represents an aperture stop, L 1  represents the first lens having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the image side, L 2  represents the second lens having negative refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a concave surface facing the object side and a convex surface king the image side, L 3  represents the third lens having negative refractive power, including concave surfaces facing the object side and the image side, and including an inflection point on the image-side surface, PT represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as an optical low-pass filter and IR cut-off filter, CG represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as a seal glass of a solid-state image pickup element, and IM represents a solid-state image pickup element.  FIGS. 10   a ,  10   b , and  10   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 3. In the spherical aberration diagram, a dashed line and a solid line represent the amounts of spherical aberration for g-line and d-line, respectively. In the astigmatism diagram, the solid line represents a sagittal plane and the dashed line represents a meridional plane. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Example 3 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 f = 3.75 mm 
                 fB = 0.06 mm 
                 F = 2.85 
                 2Y = 4.48 mm 
               
               
                 ENTP = 0 mm 
                 EXTP = −2.27 
                 H1 = −2.35 mm 
                 H2 = −3.72 mm 
               
               
                   
                 mm 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Effective 
               
               
                 No. 
                 R(mm) 
                 D(mm) 
                 Nd 
                 νd 
                 radius (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 ∞ 
                 0.00 
                   
                   
                 0.66 
               
               
                 2 
                 ∞ 
                 −0.22 
                   
                   
                 0.66 
               
               
                  3* 
                 1.074 
                 0.67 
                 1.58310 
                 59.5 
                 0.66 
               
               
                  4* 
                 3.238 
                 0.51 
                   
                   
                 0.66 
               
               
                  5* 
                 −1.618 
                 0.50 
                 1.80540 
                 26.1 
                 0.65 
               
               
                  6* 
                 −2.209 
                 0.56 
                   
                   
                 0.93 
               
               
                  7* 
                 −11.957 
                 0.77 
                 1.58310 
                 59.5 
                 1.47 
               
               
                  8* 
                 3.535 
                 0.15 
                   
                   
                 1.85 
               
               
                 9 
                 ∞ 
                 0.15 
                 1.51630 
                 64.1 
                 2.50 
               
               
                 10  
                 ∞ 
                 0.12 
                   
                   
                 2.50 
               
               
                 11  
                 ∞ 
                 0.50 
                 1.51630 
                 64.1 
                 2.50 
               
               
                 12  
                 ∞ 
                 0.06 
                   
                   
                 2.50 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Aspheric surface coefficient 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Third surface 
                 K = 0.77576E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.43734E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = −0.57588E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.19682E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.44927E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.22994E+00 
               
               
                   
                 Fourth surface 
                 K = 0.17855E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.75404E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = −0.16731E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.93226E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.17365E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.14604E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Fifth surface 
                 K = −0.32941E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.35185E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.55436E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.60869E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.20013E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.27998E+02 
               
               
                   
                 Sixth surface 
                 K = 0.64933E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.32956E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = −0.19114E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.17176E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.47875E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.14935E−01 
               
               
                   
                 Seventh surface 
                 K = −0.20704E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.19701E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.59140E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.15397E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.20960E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.27374E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.53450E−03 
               
               
                   
                 Eighth surface 
                 K = −0.32968E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.82174E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.31362E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.17062E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.14061E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.76479E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.10113E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Single lens data 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Lens block 
                 Forefront surface 
                 Focal length (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 3 
                 2.471 
               
               
                 2 
                 5 
                 −12.072 
               
               
                 3 
                 7 
                 −4.594 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Example 4 
     Table 4 shows lens data of Example 4.  FIG. 11  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 4. In the figure, S represents an aperture stop, L 1  represents the first lens having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the image side, L 2  represents the second lens having negative refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a concave surface facing the object side and a convex surface facing the image side, L 3  represents the third lens having negative refractive power, having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side, and including an inflection point on each of the object-side surface and the image-side surface, PT represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as an optical low-pass filter and IR cut-off filter, CG represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as a seal glass of a solid-state image pickup element, and IM represents a solid-state image pickup element.  FIGS. 12   a ,  12   b , and  12   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 4. In the spherical aberration diagram, a dashed line and a solid line represent the amounts of spherical aberration for g-line and d-line, respectively. In the astigmatism diagram, the solid line represents a sagittal plane and the dashed line represents a meridional plane. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Example 4 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 f = 3.71 mm 
                 fB = 0.12 mm 
                 F = 2.88 
                 2Y = 4.48 mm 
               
               
                 ENTP = 0 mm 
                 EXTP = −2.29 mm 
                 H1 = −2 mm 
                 H2 = −3.59 mm 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Effective 
               
               
                 No. 
                 R(mm) 
                 D(mm) 
                 Nd 
                 νd 
                 radius (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 ∞ 
                 0.05 
                   
                   
                 0.64 
               
               
                 2 
                 ∞ 
                 −0.22 
                   
                   
                 0.64 
               
               
                  3* 
                 1.046 
                 0.64 
                 1.58020 
                 56.3 
                 0.64 
               
               
                  4* 
                 2.349 
                 0.55 
                   
                   
                 0.62 
               
               
                  5* 
                 −2.623 
                 0.50 
                 1.80470 
                 24.3 
                 0.68 
               
               
                  6* 
                 −5.254 
                 0.45 
                   
                   
                 0.99 
               
               
                  7* 
                 3.543 
                 0.77 
                 1.58020 
                 56.3 
                 1.51 
               
               
                  8* 
                 2.227 
                 0.18 
                   
                   
                 1.85 
               
               
                 9 
                 ∞ 
                 0.15 
                 1.51390 
                 60.7 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 10  
                 ∞ 
                 0.18 
                   
                   
                 3.00 
               
               
                 11  
                 ∞ 
                 0.50 
                 1.52040 
                 52.0 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 12  
                 ∞ 
                 0.12 
                   
                   
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Aspheric surface coefficient 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Third surface 
                 K = −0.18419E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.30273E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.74560E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.65954E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.81976E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.86558E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.18458E+00 
               
               
                   
                 Fourth surface 
                 K = 0.10553E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.24998E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = −0.13800E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.38914E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.68935E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.26705E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.42813E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Fifth surface 
                 K = −0.32944E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.39851E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.17092E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.74197E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.18564E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.20367E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.23722E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.10792E+02 
               
               
                   
                 Sixth surface 
                 K = 0.12434E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.11677E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.71559E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.31016E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.20201E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.14425E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.17903E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.24104E−01 
               
               
                   
                 Seventh surface 
                 K = −0.50000E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.17378E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.39679E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.44360E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.11508E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.17953E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.31225E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.36588E−04 
               
               
                   
                 Eighth surface 
                 K = −0.15765E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.85782E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.96683E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.14974E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.13844E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.18312E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.41008E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.10859E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Single lens data 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Lens block 
                 Forefront surface 
                 Focal length (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 3 
                 2.755 
               
               
                 2 
                 5 
                 −7.111 
               
               
                 3 
                 7 
                 −13.160 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Example 5 
     Table 5 shows lens data of Example 5.  FIG. 13  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 5. In the figure, S represents an aperture stop, L 1  represents the first lens having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the image side, L 2  represents the second lens having negative refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a concave surface facing the object side and a convex surface facing the image side, L 3  represents the third lens having negative refractive power, having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side, and including an inflection point on each of the object-side surface and the image-side surface, PT represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as an optical low-pass filter and a cut-off filter, CG represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as a seal glass of a solid-state image pickup element, and IM represents a solid-state image pickup element.  FIGS. 14   a ,  14   b , and  14   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 5. In the spherical aberration diagram, a dashed line and a solid line represent the amounts of spherical aberration for g-line and d-line, respectively. In the astigmatism diagram, the solid line represents a sagittal plane and the dashed line represents a meridional plane. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Example 5 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 f = 3.68 mm 
                 fB = 0.19 mm 
                 F = 2.88 
                 2Y = 4.48 mm 
               
               
                 ENTP = 0 mm 
                 EXTP = −2.24 
                 H1 = −1.88 mm 
                 H2 = −3.49 mm 
               
               
                   
                 mm 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Effective 
               
               
                 No. 
                 R(mm) 
                 D(mm) 
                 Nd 
                 νd 
                 radius (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 ∞ 
                 0.05 
                   
                   
                 0.64 
               
               
                 2 
                 ∞ 
                 −0.23 
                   
                   
                 0.64 
               
               
                  3* 
                 1.103 
                 0.78 
                 1.56910 
                 71.3 
                 0.65 
               
               
                  4* 
                 1.907 
                 0.52 
                   
                   
                 0.57 
               
               
                  5* 
                 −20.461 
                 0.35 
                 1.81360 
                 25.7 
                 0.60 
               
               
                  6* 
                 −46.751 
                 0.54 
                   
                   
                 0.64 
               
               
                  7* 
                 4.723 
                 0.68 
                 1.58310 
                 59.4 
                 0.72 
               
               
                  8* 
                 2.568 
                 0.18 
                   
                   
                 0.82 
               
               
                 9 
                 ∞ 
                 0.15 
                 1.51630 
                 64.1 
                 0.84 
               
               
                 10  
                 ∞ 
                 0.10 
                   
                   
                 0.86 
               
               
                 11  
                 ∞ 
                 0.50 
                 1.47140 
                 65.2 
                 0.88 
               
               
                 12  
                 ∞ 
                 0.19 
                   
                   
                 0.96 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Aspheric surface coefficient 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Third surface 
                 K = −0.21269E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.25354E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.51217E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.59367E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.16671E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.54421E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.50297E−01 
               
               
                   
                 Fourth surface 
                 K = 0.53183E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.38866E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = −0.16114E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.55595E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.15889E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.33486E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.60251E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Fifth surface 
                 K = 0.22604E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.13724E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.10528E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.30220E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.75871E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.82806E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.22983E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.19669E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Sixth surface 
                 K = −0.20092E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.10906E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.98257E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.61897E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.36697E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.10376E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.92352E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.51148E−01 
               
               
                   
                 Seventh surface 
                 K = −0.28171E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.17472E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.40236E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.19907E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.26041E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.26347E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.53847E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.93487E−04 
               
               
                   
                 Eighth surface 
                 K = −0.72818E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.10993E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.26273E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.11106E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.21326E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.15579E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.12433E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.15264E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Single lens data 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Lens block 
                 Forefront surface 
                 Focal length (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 3 
                 3.401 
               
               
                 2 
                 5 
                 −44.991 
               
               
                 3 
                 7 
                 −10.921 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Example 6 
     Table 6 shows lens data of Example 6.  FIG. 15  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 6. In the figure, S represents an aperture stop, L 1  represents the first lens having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the image side, L 2  represents the second lens having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a concave surface facing the object side and a convex surface facing the image side, L 3  represents the third lens having negative refractive power, having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side, and including an inflection point on each of the object-side surface and the image-side surface, PT represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as an optical low-pass filter and IR cut-off filter, CG represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as a seal glass of a solid-state image pickup element, and IM represents a solid-state image pickup element.  FIGS. 16   a ,  16   b , and  16   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 6. In the spherical aberration diagram, a dashed line and a solid line represent the amounts of spherical aberration for g-line and d-line, respectively. In the astigmatism diagram, the solid line represents a sagittal plane and the dashed line represents a meridional plane. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 6 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Example 6 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 f = 3.62 mm 
                 fB = 0.12 mm 
                 F = 2.84 
                 2Y = 4.48 mm 
               
               
                 ENTP = 0 mm 
                 EXTP = −2.34 mm 
                 H1 = −1.72 mm 
                 H2 = −3.5 mm 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Effective 
               
               
                 No. 
                 R(mm) 
                 D(mm) 
                 Nd 
                 νd 
                 radius (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 ∞ 
                 0.05 
                   
                   
                 0.63 
               
               
                 2 
                 ∞ 
                 −0.23 
                   
                   
                 0.63 
               
               
                  3* 
                 1.031 
                 0.66 
                 1.58020 
                 56.3 
                 0.64 
               
               
                  4* 
                 1.882 
                 0.58 
                   
                   
                 0.55 
               
               
                  5* 
                 −2.097 
                 0.40 
                 1.80470 
                 24.3 
                 0.57 
               
               
                  6* 
                 −2.270 
                 0.70 
                   
                   
                 0.66 
               
               
                  7* 
                 7.620 
                 0.54 
                 1.58020 
                 56.3 
                 0.76 
               
               
                  8* 
                 2.586 
                 0.18 
                   
                   
                 0.83 
               
               
                 9 
                 ∞ 
                 0.15 
                 1.51390 
                 60.7 
                 0.86 
               
               
                 10  
                 ∞ 
                 0.10 
                   
                   
                 0.88 
               
               
                 11  
                 ∞ 
                 0.50 
                 1.46920 
                 61.7 
                 0.90 
               
               
                 12  
                 ∞ 
                 0.12 
                   
                   
                 0.98 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Aspheric surface coefficient 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Third surface 
                 K = −0.12989E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.35854E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.81004E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.18889E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.19757E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.27042E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.46853E+00 
               
               
                   
                 Fourth surface 
                 K = 0.69301E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.33340E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = −0.66075E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.42942E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.36034E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.20868E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.59938E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Fifth surface 
                 K = −0.14263E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.31713E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.28982E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.46180E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.37387E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.35973E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.58538E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.75098E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Sixth surface 
                 K = −0.44822E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.85434E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.69014E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.42386E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.88534E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.23549E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.90293E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.88386E−01 
               
               
                   
                 Seventh surface 
                 K = −0.50000E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.15163E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.40238E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.25854E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.14934E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.54040E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.28551E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.44231E−04 
               
               
                   
                 Eighth surface 
                 K = −0.66972E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.10839E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.27237E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.10388E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.19397E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.15579E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.12433E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.15264E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Single lens data 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Lens block 
                 Forefront surface 
                 Focal length (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 3 
                 3.063 
               
               
                 2 
                 5 
                 1503.269 
               
               
                 3 
                 7 
                 −7.027 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Example 7 
     Table 7 shows lens data of Example 7.  FIG. 17  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 7. In the figure, S represents an aperture stop, L 1  represents the first lens having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the image side, L 2  represents the second lens having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a concave surface facing the object side and a convex surface facing the image side, L 3  represents the third lens having negative refractive power, having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side, and including an inflection point on each of the object-side surface and the image-side surface, PT represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as an optical low-pass filter and IR cut-off filter, CG represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as a seal glass of a solid-state image pickup element, and IM represents a solid-state image pickup element.  FIGS. 18   a ,  18   b , and  18   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 7. In the spherical aberration diagram, a dashed line and a solid line represent the amounts of spherical aberration for g-line and d-line, respectively. In the astigmatism diagram, the solid line represents a sagittal plane and the dashed line represents a meridional plane. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 7 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Example 7 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 f = 3.39 mm 
                 fB = 0.1 mm 
                 F = 2.84 
                 2Y = 4.48 mm 
               
               
                 ENTP = 0 mm 
                 EXTP = −2.24 
                 H1 = −1.52 mm 
                 H2 = −3.29 mm 
               
               
                   
                 mm 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Effective 
               
               
                 No. 
                 R(mm) 
                 D(mm) 
                 Nd 
                 νd 
                 radius (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 ∞ 
                 0.05 
                   
                   
                 0.60 
               
               
                 2 
                 ∞ 
                 −0.23 
                   
                   
                 0.60 
               
               
                  3* 
                 1.031 
                 0.71 
                 1.56910 
                 71.3 
                 0.60 
               
               
                  4* 
                 1.981 
                 0.39 
                   
                   
                 0.53 
               
               
                  5* 
                 −2.569 
                 0.55 
                 1.81360 
                 25.7 
                 0.55 
               
               
                  6* 
                 −2.808 
                 0.65 
                   
                   
                 0.65 
               
               
                  7* 
                 3.252 
                 0.56 
                 1.58310 
                 59.4 
                 0.75 
               
               
                  8* 
                 1.795 
                 0.20 
                   
                   
                 0.82 
               
               
                 9 
                 ∞ 
                 0.15 
                 1.51630 
                 64.1 
                 0.85 
               
               
                 10  
                 ∞ 
                 0.10 
                   
                   
                 0.87 
               
               
                 11  
                 ∞ 
                 0.50 
                 1.47140 
                 65.2 
                 0.90 
               
               
                 12  
                 ∞ 
                 0.10 
                   
                   
                 0.98 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Aspheric surface coefficient 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Third surface 
                 K = −0.13449E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.39886E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.66366E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.18976E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.19128E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.29826E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.76240E−01 
               
               
                   
                 Fourth surface 
                 K = 0.74687E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.27397E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.78392E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.19742E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.28319E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.49190E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.59938E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Fifth surface 
                 K = −0.26102E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.33539E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.27367E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.27429E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.33272E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.10195E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.35232E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.27483E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Sixth surface 
                 K = 0.23386E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.74690E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.11859E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.47898E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.19613E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.16142E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.96339E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.74998E−01 
               
               
                   
                 Seventh surface 
                 K = −0.50000E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.16272E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.37221E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.26682E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.17860E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.26062E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.18932E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.79133E−05 
               
               
                   
                 Eighth surface 
                 K = −0.11100E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.93971E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.23628E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.11736E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.22421E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.15579E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.12433E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.15264E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Single lens data 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Lens block 
                 Forefront surface 
                 Focal length (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 3 
                 2.976 
               
               
                 2 
                 5 
                 1153.526 
               
               
                 3 
                 7 
                 −7.991 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Example 8 
     Table 8 shows lens data of Example 8.  FIG. 19  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 8. In the figure, S represents an aperture stop, L 1  represents the first lens having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the image side, L 2  represents the second lens having negative refractive power and including a concave surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the image side, L 3  represents the third lens having negative refractive power, having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side, and including an inflection point on each of the object-side surface and the image-side surface, PT represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as an optical low-pass filter and IR cut-off filter, CG represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as a seal glass of a solid-state image pickup element, and IM represents a solid-state image pickup element.  FIGS. 20   a ,  20   b , and  20   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 8. In the spherical aberration diagram, a dashed line and a solid line represent the amounts of spherical aberration for g-line and d-line, respectively. In the astigmatism diagram, the solid line represents a sagittal plane and the dashed line represents a meridional plane. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Example 8 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 f = 3.68 mm 
                 fB = 0.19 mm 
                 F = 2.88 
                 2Y = 4.48 mm 
               
               
                 ENTP = 0 mm 
                 EXTP = −2.15 
                 H1 = −2.09 mm 
                 H2 = −3.49 mm 
               
               
                   
                 mm 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Effective 
               
               
                 No. 
                 R(mm) 
                 D(mm) 
                 Nd 
                 νd 
                 radius (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 ∞ 
                 0.05 
                   
                   
                 0.64 
               
               
                 2 
                 ∞ 
                 −0.23 
                   
                   
                 0.64 
               
               
                  3* 
                 1.060 
                 0.80 
                 1.56910 
                 71.3 
                 0.65 
               
               
                  4* 
                 1.809 
                 0.53 
                   
                   
                 0.55 
               
               
                  5* 
                 −150.540 
                 0.30 
                 1.81360 
                 25.7 
                 0.59 
               
               
                  6* 
                 9.457 
                 0.43 
                   
                   
                 0.62 
               
               
                  7* 
                 3.094 
                 0.70 
                 1.58310 
                 59.4 
                 0.71 
               
               
                  8* 
                 2.246 
                 0.19 
                   
                   
                 0.80 
               
               
                 9 
                 ∞ 
                 0.15 
                 1.51630 
                 64.1 
                 0.82 
               
               
                 10  
                 ∞ 
                 0.10 
                   
                   
                 0.85 
               
               
                 11  
                 ∞ 
                 0.50 
                 1.47140 
                 65.2 
                 0.87 
               
               
                 12  
                 ∞ 
                 0.19 
                   
                   
                 0.95 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Aspheric surface coefficient 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Third surface 
                 K = −0.21132E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.25157E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.57169E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.53583E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.17446E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.49898E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.64533E−01 
               
               
                   
                 Fourth surface 
                 K = 0.53495E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.41313E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = −0.15012E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.58596E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.69349E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.32662E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.62554E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Fifth surface 
                 K = 0.54383E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.15035E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.87564E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.30077E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.63234E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.84388E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.22945E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.19267E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Sixth surface 
                 K = −0.44723E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.11815E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.97851E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.64397E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.34183E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.56317E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.91134E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.53866E−01 
               
               
                   
                 Seventh surface 
                 K = −0.11656E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.16913E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.41204E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.16015E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.23538E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.34018E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.55183E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.96269E−04 
               
               
                   
                 Eighth surface 
                 K = −0.63476E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.11136E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.23821E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.11363E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.22894E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.15579E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.12433E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.15264E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Single lens data 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Lens block 
                 Forefront surface 
                 Focal length (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 3 
                 3.241 
               
               
                 2 
                 5 
                 −10.927 
               
               
                 3 
                 7 
                 −20.138 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Example 9 
     Table 9 shows lens data of Example 9.  FIG. 21  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 9. In the figure, S represents an aperture stop, L 1  represents the first lens having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the image side, L 2  represents the second lens having negative refractive power and including a concave surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the image side, L 3  represents the third lens having negative refractive power, having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side, and including inflection points on the object-side surface and the image-side surface, PT represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as an optical low-pass filter and IR cut-off filter, CG represents a parallel fiat plate which is assumed to be a component such as a seal glass of a solid-state image pickup element, and IM represents a solid-state image pickup element.  FIGS. 22   a ,  22   b , and  22   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 9. In the spherical aberration diagram, a dashed line and a solid line represent the amounts of spherical aberration for g-line and d-line, respectively. In the astigmatism diagram, the solid line represents a sagittal plane and the dashed line represents a meridional plane. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 9 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Example 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 f = 3.74 mm 
                 fB = 0.11 mm 
                 F = 2.88 
                 2Y = 4.48 mm 
               
               
                 ENTP = 0 mm 
                 EXTP = −2.38 
                 H1 = −1.86 mm 
                 H2 = −3.62 mm 
               
               
                   
                 mm 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Effective 
               
               
                 No. 
                 R(mm) 
                 D(mm) 
                 Nd 
                 νd 
                 radius (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 ∞ 
                 0.05 
                   
                   
                 0.65 
               
               
                 2 
                 ∞ 
                 −0.23 
                   
                   
                 0.65 
               
               
                  3* 
                 1.031 
                 0.76 
                 1.58310 
                 59.4 
                 0.65 
               
               
                  4* 
                 1.815 
                 0.39 
                   
                   
                 0.60 
               
               
                  5* 
                 −6.508 
                 0.55 
                 1.81360 
                 25.7 
                 0.71 
               
               
                  6* 
                 100.000 
                 0.44 
                   
                   
                 1.02 
               
               
                  7* 
                 3.804 
                 0.81 
                 1.58310 
                 59.4 
                 1.46 
               
               
                  8* 
                 3.046 
                 0.16 
                   
                   
                 1.80 
               
               
                 9 
                 ∞ 
                 0.21 
                 1.51630 
                 64.1 
                 2.50 
               
               
                 10  
                 ∞ 
                 0.18 
                   
                   
                 2.50 
               
               
                 11  
                 ∞ 
                 0.50 
                 1.47140 
                 65.2 
                 2.50 
               
               
                 12  
                 ∞ 
                 0.11 
                   
                   
                 2.50 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Aspheric surface coefficient 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Third surface 
                 K = −0.83742E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.28820E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.35302E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.10084E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.21654E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.35497E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.37766E+00 
               
               
                   
                 Fourth surface 
                 K = 0.65516E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.10869E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.74388E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.69925E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.13838E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.83688E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.52217E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Fifth surface 
                 K = 0.10808E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.14007E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = −0.23281E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.20583E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.96312E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.17639E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.33155E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.79428E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Sixth surface 
                 K = 0.50000E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.11323E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.12099E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.12418E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.67300E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.11616E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.11705E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.65573E−01 
               
               
                   
                 Seventh surface 
                 K = −0.45758E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.13068E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.35225E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.28495E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.14438E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.10222E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.57854E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.26718E−04 
               
               
                   
                 Eighth surface 
                 K = −0.81991E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.10799E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.31590E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.11586E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.13679E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.30087E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.11763E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.12590E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Single lens data 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Lens block 
                 Forefront surface 
                 Focal length (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 3 
                 3.016 
               
               
                 2 
                 5 
                 −7.493 
               
               
                 3 
                 7 
                 −43.139 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Example 10 
     Table 10 shows lens data of Example 10.  FIG. 23  shows a sectional view of the image pickup lens of Example 10. In the figure, S represents an aperture stop, L 1  represents the first lens having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing the object side and a concave surface facing the image side, L 2  represents the second lens having positive refractive power and having a meniscus shape with a concave surface facing the object side and a convex surface facing the image side, L 3  represents the third lens having negative refractive power, including concave surfaces facing the object side and the image side and including inflection points on the image-side surface, PT represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as an optical low-pass filter and IR cut-off filter, CG represents a parallel flat plate which is assumed to be a component such as a seal glass of a solid-state image pickup element, and IM represents a solid-state image pickup element.  FIGS. 24   a ,  24   b , and  24   c  show aberration diagrams of spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of the image pickup lens of Example 10. In the spherical aberration diagram, a dashed line and a solid line represent the amounts of spherical aberration for g-line and d-line, respectively. In the astigmatism diagram, the solid line represents a sagittal plane and the dashed line represents a meridional plane. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 10 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Example 10 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 f = 3.73 mm 
                 fB = 0.11 mm 
                 F = 2.83 
                 2Y = 4.48 mm 
               
               
                 ENTP = 0 mm 
                 EXTP = −2.45 mm 
                 H1 = −1.7 mm 
                 H2 = −3.62 mm 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Effective 
               
               
                 No. 
                 R(mm) 
                 D(mm) 
                 Nd 
                 νd 
                 radius (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 ∞ 
                 0.05 
                   
                   
                 0.66 
               
               
                 2 
                 ∞ 
                 −0.19 
                   
                   
                 0.66 
               
               
                  3* 
                 1.206 
                 0.68 
                 1.58310 
                 59.4 
                 0.67 
               
               
                  4* 
                 3.827 
                 0.47 
                   
                   
                 0.61 
               
               
                  5* 
                 −1.729 
                 0.55 
                 1.81360 
                 25.7 
                 0.60 
               
               
                  6* 
                 −1.973 
                 0.68 
                   
                   
                 0.68 
               
               
                  7* 
                 −1004.410 
                 0.67 
                 1.58310 
                 59.4 
                 0.73 
               
               
                  8* 
                 2.909 
                 0.16 
                   
                   
                 0.82 
               
               
                 9 
                 ∞ 
                 0.21 
                 1.51630 
                 64.1 
                 2.50 
               
               
                 10  
                 ∞ 
                 0.18 
                   
                   
                 2.50 
               
               
                 11  
                 ∞ 
                 0.50 
                 1.47140 
                 65.2 
                 2.50 
               
               
                 12  
                 ∞ 
                 0.11 
                   
                   
                 2.50 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Aspheric surface coefficient 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Third surface 
                 K = 0.28959E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.17591E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.77145E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.44389E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.13796E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.22317E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.14565E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Fourth surface 
                 K = −0.38099E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = 0.25962E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.25384E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.16313E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.60109E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.10689E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.71748E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Fifth surface 
                 K = −0.10734E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.47904E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = −0.22624E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.16186E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.43041E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.39289E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.26505E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.66790E+01 
               
               
                   
                 Sixth surface 
                 K = −0.13882E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.18659E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.32159E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.22103E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.23968E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = −0.94366E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.37659E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.31613E−01 
               
               
                   
                 Seventh surface 
                 K = 0.50000E+02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.16988E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.49367E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = 0.11698E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = −0.13399E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.13161E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = 0.25370E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = −0.71366E−03 
               
               
                   
                 Eighth surface 
                 K = −0.12842E+01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A4 = −0.16010E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A6 = 0.62002E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A8 = −0.23888E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A10 = 0.39668E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A12 = 0.50295E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A14 = −0.33471E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                 A16 = 0.40185E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Single lens data 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Lens block 
                 Forefront surface 
                 Focal length (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 3 
                 2.755 
               
               
                 2 
                 5 
                 1940.589 
               
               
                 3 
                 7 
                 −4.972 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Values of the conditional expressions of respective examples are listed in Table 11. 
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 11 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Conditional 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 expression 
                 Example 1 
                 Example 2 
                 Example 3 
                 Example 4 
                 Example 5 
                 Example 6 
                 Example 7 
                 Example 8 
                 Example 9 
                 Example 10 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 (1) 
                 D4/f 
                 0.17 
                 0.16 
                 0.15 
                 0.12 
                 0.15 
                 0.19 
                 0.19 
                 0.12 
                 0.12 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 (2) 
                 |f/f2| 
                 0.30 
                 0.003 
                 0.31 
                 0.53 
                 0.08 
                 0.002 
                 0.003 
                 0.34 
                 0.50 
                 0.002 
               
               
                 (3) 
                 f/r3 
                 −1.19 
                 −1.64 
                 −2.33 
                 −1.41 
                 −0.18 
                 −1.72 
                 −1.32 
                 −0.02 
                 −0.57 
                 −2.16 
               
               
                 (4) 
                 f/f3 
                 −0.33 
                 −0.53 
                 −0.82 
                 −0.28 
                 −0.34 
                 −0.52 
                 −0.42 
                 −0.18 
                 −0.09 
                 −0.75 
               
               
                 (5) 
                 f/r4 
                 −0.77 
                 −1.49 
                 −1.69 
                 −0.70 
                 −0.08 
                 −1.59 
                 −1.20 
                 0.39 
                 0.04 
                 −1.89 
               
               
                 (6) 
                 n2 
                 1.81 
                 1.58 
                 1.81 
                 1.80 
                 1.81 
                 1.81 
                 1.81 
                 1.81 
                 1.81 
                 1.81 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Incidentally, each of the above examples is not designed such that an incident angle of a principal ray of the light flux that enters the image pickup plane of the solid-state image pickup element is always sufficiently small at a peripheral portion of the image pickup plane. However, in the recent technology, it has become possible to reduce shading by a revision of an arrangement of a color filter of a solid-state image pickup element and an arrangement of an onchip-microlens-array. Specifically, if a pitch of the arrangement of the color filter and the onchip-microlens-array is designed to be slightly smaller compared with a pixel pitch of the image pickup plane of the image pickup element, a light flux of oblique incidence can be guided to an light-receiving section of each pixel efficiently, because the color filter and the onchip-microlens-array are shifted greater toward an optical axis of an image pickup lens at the position which is closer to a peripheral portion of the image pickup plane. Owing to this, shading generated on solid-state image pickup element can be controlled to be small. The present examples provide design examples in which the above design requirement is lighten but further downsizing is aimed. 
     REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 
     
         
           10  Image pickup lens 
           20  Lower lens frame 
           21  Upper lens frame 
           50  Image pickup apparatus 
           51  Image sensor 
           51   a  Photoelectric conversion section 
           52  Substrate 
           60  Input section 
           70  Display section 
           80  Radio communication section 
           92  Storage section 
           100  Cell phone 
           101  Control section 
         CG Cover glass 
         L 1  First lens 
         L 2  Second lens 
         L 3  Third lens 
         L 1   a  to L 3   a  Flange sections 
         PT Plate (Infrared cut-off filter) 
         S Aperture stop 
         SP Fixing member