Abstract:
A gas supply system that is easily assembled and/or installed and includes an initially flexible clamping system that allows for the gas supply system to adapt to the gas components. As the assembly of the gas components is complete, the clamping system becomes rigid thereby securing the gas components to a support rail. The slide lock gas delivery system allows a gas system component bottom surface to establish the sealing plane for the inlet and outlet seals independently. The lateral spacing for the gas component mounting holes float during assembly to reduce the opportunity for misalignment.

Description:
This application is a national phase of International Application No. PCT/US2010/054593 filed Oct. 29, 2010 and published in the English language, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/256,254 filed Oct. 29, 2009, all of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates generally to gas delivery systems and, more particularly, to systems for connecting gas components. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Gas delivery systems are used for the distribution of gases for the fabrication of semiconductor devices. The gases used in the fabrication of semiconductor devices are often highly toxic or corrosive. Many of these materials are drawn as a vapor from a liquid source and must be heated to prevent the vapor from condensing back to a liquid form. These systems require a high degree of modularity, very good leak integrity and must occupy a very small footprint. A typical method of accomplishing these requirements is through a surface mount system. 
     Surface mount systems typically require a fitting or block to bring the process gas from the outlet of one component to the inlet of the next component in the system. Typical systems couple two manifold blocks together such that they establish a common plane for both inlet and outlet seals. As will be appreciated, this can require tight tolerances of the components in order to ensure alignments of the ports of the manifold blocks with the ports of the gas component. Current systems are fabricated by mounting the manifold substrates down to a metal plate using templates to establish the appropriate substrate locations. This is very time consuming and, since these systems can be quite large with 16 separate gas lines being common, for example, it is typical to make this lower metal plate from aluminum. While aluminum helps to keep down the weight, it acts as a heat sink to draw away heat from the components that require heating. 
     While there are many variations of such systems available on the market today, such systems generally require very tight machining tolerances, are slow and/or difficult to assemble and can be difficult to heat. Moreover, such systems tend to be expensive. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides a gas supply system that is easily assembled and/or installed and includes an initially flexible clamping system that allows for the gas supply system to adapt to the gas components. As the assembly of the gas components is complete, the clamping system becomes rigid thereby securing the gas components to a support rail. The system eliminates the need for very precise and time consuming layouts of a mounting plate for accommodating typical manufacturing tolerances. The slide lock gas delivery system allows the gas system component bottom surface to establish the sealing plane for the inlet and outlet seals independently. Also, the lateral spacing for the gas component mounting holes are allowed to ‘float’ during assembly such that the mounting holes do not have to be tightly toleranced and there is reduced opportunity for misalignment, which can stress the metal to metal seals. 
     In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a gas delivery system comprises a rail for supporting at least one manifold block, first and second manifold blocks each having at least one port for connection to a gas component, a gas component, securable to the first and second manifold blocks and having a mount surface with first and second ports for communicating with respective ports of the first and second manifold blocks when secured thereto, and a slide lock member for securing the first and second blocks to the rail. The slide lock member is configured to secure the first and second manifold blocks to the rail under a first level of preload for assembly of the gas component to the manifold blocks, and to secure the first and second manifold blocks to the rail with a second level of preload greater than the first level when the gas component is secured to the manifolds. 
     The slide lock member also can act as a spacer block to set the appropriate, approximate spacing between the first and second manifold blocks. Accordingly, the slide lock member can include both a slide lock clip portion for engaging the rail, and a spacer block portion for spacing the manifold blocks. The spacer block portion can be separate from the slide lock clip portion or formed integrally therewith. The slide lock member can include a set of protrusions to mate with a corresponding set of recesses in the manifold blocks to thereby interlock the slide lock member with the manifold blocks. 
     In one embodiment, the spacer block portion supports the slide lock clip portion in a symmetric fashion, approximately ⅓ of the distance from the slide lock clip center towards either clip end. The slide lock clip ends are deformed downwards, towards the rail at assembly until the slide lock clip portion engages the rail. Because the spacer block portion supports the slide lock clip at two fulcrum points, off center, the slide lock clip center is raised up when the edges are depressed down to engage the rail. This is essentially equivalent to a pair of ‘simply supported’ cantilever beams, guided at the center. A cantilever beam that is supported in this manner provides a relatively light holding force. In the case of the present invention, the result is that the slide lock member and the gas manifold blocks can self adjust their position to follow the position of the gas component as the gas component is installed to the manifold blocks. 
     As the gas component assembly is being completed, the final increment of movement of the gas component down to the manifold blocks, causes the gas component bottom surface to contact the raised center portion of the slide lock clip and drive it down flush or below the two fulcrum points. This final slide lock clip position is now essentially equivalent to a pair of cantilever beams that have fixed supports. Cantilever beams supported in this manner require essentially 2× the force to maintain the position of the deflected beam ends as initial. 
     The slide lock clip can have a central portion and respective leg portions extending from the central portion for engaging the rail thereby trapping the at least one manifold block between the slide lock member and the rail. The central portion can include a deflectable portion that, when deflected, increases tension on at least one of the leg portions to thereby increase the preload to the second level. The slide lock clip can be generally C-shape, and at least one distal end of the slide lock clip can include an interlock mechanism for interlocking with a surface of the rail. The slide lock clip and spacer block can be formed as a unitary piece. The rail can include a longitudinally extending channel between laterally spaced-apart manifold block support surfaces, and a heating element in the channel for providing heat to the gas components. 
     According to another aspect, a modular gas supply manifold system comprises a rail for supporting at least one manifold block, a manifold block having at least one port for connection to a gas component, and a slide lock member for securing the manifold block to the rail. The slide lock member is configured to secure the manifold block to the rail under a first level of preload to facilitate securing a gas component to the manifold block, and to secure the manifold block to the rail under a second level of preload greater than the first level when the gas component is secured to the manifold. 
     The slide lock member can include a slide lock clip and a spacer block for supporting the slide lock member. The spacer block can support the slide lock clip at a central portion thereof at two support locations. The support locations can be spaced apart from a longitudinal axis of the rail. 
     The slide lock member can have a central portion and respective leg portions extending from the central portion for engaging the rail thereby trapping the at least one manifold block between the slide lock member and the rail. The central portion can include a deflectable portion that, when deflected, increases tension on at least one of the leg portions to thereby increase the preload to the second level. The slide lock member can slidingly engage at least one of the rail or the manifold block to permit relative movement therebetween when under the first level of preload. 
     The system can also include a spacer block configured to space apart the first and second manifold blocks a predetermined distance on the rail. The spacer block can include a recess or protrusion for mating with a corresponding recess or protrusion on at least one of the first and second manifold blocks to thereby interlock the spacer block with the manifold block. The spacer block can support the central portion of the slide lock member near its outer edges to permit deflection of the central portion when the gas component is attached to the manifold blocks. The spacer block can be deformable to allow relative movement between the first and second manifold blocks during attachment of the gas component. The slide lock member and spacer block can be formed as a unitary piece. The slide lock member can be generally C-shape, and at least one distal end of the slide lock member can include an interlock mechanism for interlocking with a surface of the rail. The rail can include a longitudinally extending channel between laterally spaced-apart manifold block support surfaces, and a heat strip in the channel for providing heat to the gas components. 
     According to another aspect, a slide lock member for securing a manifold block to a rail of a modular gas supply manifold comprises a central spacer portion for spacing apart a first and second manifold block on the rail, and leg portions extending from the central spacer portion and adapted to engage the rail of a gas supply system. The slide lock member is configured to secure the manifold block to the rail under a first level of preload to facilitate securing a gas component to the manifold block, and wherein the slide lock member is configured to secure the manifold block to the rail under a second level of preload greater than the first level when a gas component is secured to the manifold. The central spacer portion can include a recess or protrusion for interlocking with a manifold block. The central spacer portion can be deformable to allow relative movement between the first and second manifold blocks during attachment of a gas component thereto. The slide lock member can be generally C-shape, and at least one distal end of the slide lock member includes an interlock mechanism for interlocking with a surface of the rail when mounted thereto. 
     According to another aspect, a method of assembling a gas delivery system comprises the steps of mounting first and second manifold blocks to a support rail with a slide lock member, each of the first and second manifold blocks having at least one port for communicating with a port of a gas component, the slide lock member being adapted to secure the first and second manifold blocks to the rail with a first amount of preload, and mounting a gas component to the first and second manifold blocks. The slide lock member is configured to secure the first and second manifold blocks to the rail under a first level of preload for assembly of the gas component to the manifold blocks, the first level of preload permitting relative, and wherein the slide lock member secures the first and second manifold blocks to the rail with a second level of preload greater than the first level when the gas component is mounted to the manifolds. 
     Further features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is an exemplary slide lock gas delivery system having a gas component secured to first and second manifold blocks on a rail in accordance with the invention. 
         FIG. 2  is the slide lock gas delivery system of  FIG. 1  with the gas component separated from the manifold blocks. 
         FIG. 3  is a perspective view of an exemplary slide lock manifold including a slide lock member in accordance with the invention. 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view of the slide lock member of  FIG. 3 . 
         FIG. 5  is another cross-sectional view of the slide lock member of  FIG. 3  installed on a rail. 
         FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional view illustrating the final configuration of the slide lock member when a gas component is installed. 
         FIG. 7  is an enlarged view of an exemplary slide lock clip in a first state. 
         FIG. 8  is an enlarged view of an exemplary slide lock clip in a second state. 
         FIG. 9  is a perspective view of another exemplary slide lock gas delivery system, partially assembled, in accordance with the invention. 
         FIG. 10  is another perspective view of a partially assembled exemplary slide lock gas delivery system in accordance with the invention. 
         FIG. 11  is a perspective view of the slide lock gas delivery system of  FIGS. 6 and 7  with a secured gas component. 
         FIG. 12  is a perspective view of another exemplary slide lock gas delivery system. 
         FIG. 13  is an enlarged portion of the slide lock gas delivery system of  FIG. 12 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Turning to the drawings in detail, and initially to  FIGS. 1 and 2 , an exemplary slide lock gas delivery system is indicated generally by reference numeral  10 . The system  10  includes a rail  14  for supporting first and second manifold blocks  18  and  22  The manifold blocks  18  and  22  each have at least one port  26  adapted for connection to respective ports on a mount surface  30  of a gas component  34 . The gas component  34  is secured to the first and second manifold blocks  18  and  22  via bolts  35 , or other suitable fasteners, that may extend through bores  38 . A slide lock member  42  including a spacer block portion  36  and a slide lock clip portion  44  secures the first and second manifold blocks  18  and  22  to the rail  14 . As will be appreciated, a plurality of manifold and gas component assemblies can be provided on the rail  14  in accordance with the invention. 
     As will be described in greater detail herein, the slide lock member  42  is configured to secure the first and second manifold blocks  18  and  22  to the rail  14  under a first level of preload for assembly and securing of the gas component  34  to the manifold blocks  18  and  22 , and to secure the first and second manifold blocks  18  and  22  to the rail  14  with a second level of preload greater than the first level when the gas component  34  is secured to the manifolds via bolts or the like. Moreover, by lightly holding the manifold blocks  18  and  22  to the rail  14 , the slide lock member  42  allows the ports  26  of the manifold blocks  18  and  22  to self-align with the ports of the gas component  34  as the gas component  34  is tightened down onto the manifold blocks  18  and  22 . 
     Turning now to  FIG. 3 , a gas manifold assembly, generally indicated by reference numeral  45 , of the slide lock system  10  is illustrated with the gas component  34  removed. Each manifold block  18  and  22  in the illustrated embodiment includes first and second halves, each half having a port  26 . A tubular portion  46  connects the first and second halves together and provides a passageway for the flow of fluid between the two ports  26  of each manifold block. Such manifold blocks  18  and  22  are sometimes referred to as H-blocks, and are often made by welding the tube stub (e.g., tubular portion) of each half together. 
     The manifold blocks  18  and  22  rest on manifold support surfaces  50  and  52  of the rail  14 . The manifold support surfaces  50  and  52  in the illustrated embodiment are at laterally outer edges of the rail  14 . Between the manifold support surfaces  50  and  52  is a longitudinally extending channel  56 . Supporting the manifold blocks  18  and  22  in this manner creates air space around the manifold blocks thereby limiting the surface area available for thermal conduction between the manifold blocks and the rail  14 . The manifold blocks are secured to rail  14  by the slide lock member  42 . 
     The slide lock member  42  in the exemplary embodiment includes the generally C-shape slide lock clip  44  having a central portion  57  and leg portions  58  engaged with the rail  14 . The leg portions  58  each have an engagement mechanism, in the form of tabs  62  (see  FIG. 4 ), that interlock with an edge of the rail  14  to thereby secure the slide lock member  42  thereto. As will be appreciated, the slide lock member  42  is installed on the rail  14  by slipping the leg portions  58  of the slide lock clip portion  44  over the edge of the rail  14 , as best seen in  FIG. 5 . In this regard, the slide lock clip portion  44  can be sized such that the legs  58  can be compressed slightly in order for the tabs  62  to engage the rail. Once engaged, the slide lock member  42  then applies a first level of preload to the manifold blocks  18  and  22  thereby securing the manifold blocks  18  and  22  to the rail  14 . 
     As will be appreciated, this first level of preload typically will be sufficient to maintain the manifold blocks  18  and  22  at an approximate position on the rail  14  for subsequent installation of the gas component  34  to the manifold blocks  18  and  22 . Further, the level of preload may generally permit relative movement between the manifold blocks  18  and  22  and/or the rail  14  such that final alignment of the ports  26  of the manifold blocks  18  and  22  with the ports of the gas component  34  can occur during attachment of the gas component  34  itself, thus greatly reducing the tolerances needed in the manufacture of the manifold blocks  18  and  22  and/or gas component  34 . 
     Turning to  FIG. 4 , the slide lock member  42  is shown in cross-section. As will be appreciated, in this embodiment, the slide lock clip portion  44  is supported by the spacer block portion  36  at two locations labeled S in the drawing. The spacer block portion  36  supports the slide lock clip portion  44  in a symmetric fashion, approximately ⅓ of the distance from the slide lock clip center towards either clip end. 
     In  FIG. 5 , the slide lock member  42  is shown installed on a rail  14 . As will be appreciated, in order to install the slide lock member  42 , the ends of the central portion  57  of the slide lock clip member  44  are deformed downwards towards the rail  14  assembly until the slide lock clip portion  44  engages the rail  14 . Because the spacer block portion  36  supports the slide lock clip  44  at two fulcrum points, off center, the slide lock clip center is raised up when the edges are depressed down to engage the rail  14  thereby generating a preload when released. This corresponds to the first level of preload. 
     For example, slide lock clip  44  is essentially equivalent to a pair of ‘simply supported’ cantilever beams, guided at the center. A cantilever beam that is supported in this manner provides a relatively light holding force. In the case of the present invention, the result is that the slide lock member  42  and the gas manifold blocks can self adjust their position to follow the position of the gas component as the gas component is installed. As will be appreciated, the support configuration can be altered depending on the desired preload effects. For example, three support locations could be provided, or the support locations could be in different planes. 
     Turning to  FIG. 6 , the slide lock member  42  is illustrated as it would appear with a gas component secured to adjacent manifold blocks (e.g., as shown in  FIG. 1 ). The gas component is not shown in  FIG. 6  for clarity. As the gas component assembly to the manifold blocks is being completed, the final increment of movement of the gas component down to the manifold blocks causes the gas component bottom surface (e.g., mount surface) to contact the raised center portion of the slide lock clip  44  and drive it down flush or below the two fulcrum points S. This final slide lock clip  44  position is now essentially equivalent to a pair of cantilever beams that have fixed supports. Cantilever beams supported in this manner require essentially 2× the force to maintain the position of the deflected beam ends as initial. Accordingly, the holding force applied by the slide lock member  42  to the manifold blocks to the rail  14  will be approximately twice as great as the holding force in  FIG. 5 , and corresponds to the second level of preload. 
     Turning to  FIG. 7 , an exemplary slide lock clip member  44  is illustrated in detail in as it may appear when secured to the rails  14  but before the gas component is installed on the manifold blocks. As mentioned, the slide lock clip is generally C-shape and includes the central portion  57  and leg portions  58  extending from the central portion  57 . Tabs  62  are provided on the leg portions  58  for engaging the rail  14  as described. The central portion  57  includes a deflectable portion  64  thereof that, in the exemplary embodiment, is generally bow shape but other shapes can be utilized. This deflectable portion  64  can be deflected during installation of the slide lock member  42  to the rail  14  and can thereby provide the first level of preload to secure the manifolds  18  and  22  to the rail  14 . As noted, when the gas component  34  is secured to the manifold blocks  18  and  22 , the deflectable portion is compressed between the spacer block portion  36  and the mount surface  30  of the gas component  34 , and the amount of preload is increased to a second level greater than the first level. 
     Turning to  FIG. 8 , the slide lock clip  44  is illustrated as it may appear when the gas component  34  is secured to the manifold blocks  18  and  22 . As indicated by arrow A, the deflectable portion  64  has been compressed downward by the gas component. Due to the shape of the slide lock clip  44  and the manner in which it is supported by the spacer block  36 , the downward deflection of the deflectable portion  64  causes the legs  58  to draw upward in the direction of arrows B, thereby increasing the preload applied to the manifold blocks  18  and  22  by the slide lock member  42  when the gas component  34  is bolted to the manifold blocks  18  and  22 . 
     Turning now to  FIGS. 9-11 , and initially to  FIG. 9 , another embodiment of the slide lock gas delivery system is shown in various stages of assembly. In  FIG. 9 , a manifold block  18  and an integral spacer block/slide lock member  68  are supported on the rail  14 . In general, both manifold blocks  18  and  22  will be placed on the rail  14  and then the integral slide lock member  68  will be installed thereto. In order to show details of the integral slide lock member  68 , however, the second manifold block  22  has been removed from  FIG. 9 . 
     The integral slide lock member  68  includes a central spacer block portion  70  and leg portions  72  extending from the central spacer portion  70 . The central spacer block portion  70  is configured to space-apart the manifold blocks  18  and  22  and has locating studs  74  for engaging respective recesses (not shown) in the manifold blocks  18  and  22  to thereby interlock the manifold blocks  18  and  22  with the integral slide lock member  68 . The leg portions  72  engage the rail  14  in a similar manner as the slide lock clip  44  of the previous embodiment. Thus, in this embodiment the slide lock clip and spacer block can be formed as unitary piece. 
     As will be appreciated, the integral slide lock member  68  of this embodiment is configured to apply the first level of preload when installed to the rail  14  prior to securing the gas component  34  to the manifold blocks  18  and  22 . To this end, the leg portions  72  are configured to be flexible so as to be flexed downward towards the rail  14  in order to permit engagement tangs  78  on distal ends thereof to engage a surface of the rail  14 , such as lip  80 . In this manner, after installation of the tangs  78  to the rail  14 , a preload is applied to the manifold blocks  18  and  22 .  FIG. 10  illustrates both manifold blocks  18  and  22  supported on the rail  14  along with the integral slide lock member  68 . 
     In  FIG. 11  the gas component  34  is secured to the manifold blocks  18  and  22  via bolts  82 . Like the previous embodiment, as the gas component  34  is secured to the manifold blocks  18  and  22 , the integral slide lock member  68  tightens the manifold blocks  18  and  22  to the rail  14 . This is accomplished via the compression of the central portion and/or leg portions of the integral slide lock member  68  interposed between the gas component and the rail  14 . 
     As will be appreciated the rail  14  in this embodiment includes a plurality of optional slots  84  for receiving the tangs  78  of the integral slide lock member  68  when the gas component  34  is secured to the manifold blocks  18  and  22 . The slots  84  are located below the lip  80  on each side of the rail  14 . As will also be appreciated, the legs  72  can be flexed downward during the installation of the gas component  34  thereby allowing the tangs  78  to engage the slots  84  in order to secure the manifold blocks  18  and  22  to the rail  14 . When the gas system component is attached, there will be a sideways gripping action that takes place as the slide lock is displaced. 
     Returning to  FIG. 9 , this gripping action is achieved as a result of a force tending to rotate the distal ends of the leg portions  72  inward towards each other that is developed as the integral slide lock member  68  is compressed between the gas component and the rail. As will be appreciated, the upper portion of the leg portions  72  in the uncompressed state extend above the uppermost surfaces of the manifold blocks  18  and  22 . As such, when a gas component is secured to the manifold blocks, each leg portion  72  is forced downward thereby causing a moment to be applied to the leg portion  72  that results in the gripping action. 
     Turning to  FIGS. 12 and 13 , a slide lock gas delivery system  90  is illustrated having a heating element  92  (e.g., an electric heating element) for supplying heat to the gas flow passages of the manifold blocks  18  and  22  and/or gas component  34 . The heating element  92  is provided in the channel  56  of the rail  14  on an underside of the manifold blocks  18  and  22 . The remainder of the channel  56  can be filled with insulation  94 . Flexible foam insulation can be used to provide an upward load to ensure intimate contact with the manifold substrates. The heating element  92  and/or insulation  94  can be secured to the rail  14  via an adhesive  96  or by any other suitable method. 
     Slide lock gas supply systems in accordance with the invention is capable of withstanding shipping shock and vibration without developing leaks. This is accomplished in the slide lock design by a variable load cantilever beam. The initial assembly of the gas system substrates with the slide lock system positions the substrate inlet and outlets in the approximate proper location and holds them with an axial force of approximately 14 lbs. A small amount of lateral adjustment is possible to allow the substrate to align with the upper gas component. When the gas component is fully installed, that is, tightened to the manifold substrates to affect a seal, the cantilever beam loading is changed by depressing the center. This results in a higher holding force (e.g., 28 pounds), effectively locking the manifold substrate in the optimum position. 
     Although the invention has been shown and described with respect to a certain preferred embodiment or embodiments, it is obvious that equivalent alterations and modifications will occur to others skilled in the art upon the reading and understanding of this specification and the annexed drawings. In particular regard to the various functions performed by the above described elements (components, assemblies, devices, compositions, etc.), the terms (including a reference to a “means”) used to describe such elements are intended to correspond, unless otherwise indicated, to any element which performs the specified function of the described element (i.e., that is functionally equivalent), even though not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure which performs the function in the herein illustrated exemplary embodiment or embodiments of the invention. In addition, while a particular feature of the invention may have been described above with respect to only one or more of several illustrated embodiments, such feature may be combined with one or more other features of the other embodiments, as may be desired and advantageous for any given or particular application.