Abstract:
A reservoir body ( 101 ) contains a product ( 102 ) and is provided with at least two openings, one (P) of these openings being provided with a part ( 103 ) for increasing the pressure, and the other opening (R) being provided with a part ( 110 ) for braking and retaining the product ( 110 ). This device permits easy manipulation, allows a controlled dispensing, and optionally precise dosing, while ensuring a good preservation of the product over time.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates to a dispensing bottle permitting a controlled and optionally metered dispensing of its contents while offering a comfortable grip. Moreover, the bottle may be provided with a sealing system which prevents degradation, in particular by air, of the product during its storage and/or between uses. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     In the pharmaceutical or cosmetic field, gels and creams are usually stored in pots provided with a simple lip and are taken up by dipping the finger directly in the pot. This practice has two drawbacks, i.e., microbial contamination introduced into the stored product, and the lack of precise metering of the product. 
     The use of a dropper bottle for metered dispensing of a liquid product is known. A dropper bottle usually comprises a reservoir having a squeezable bulb at one of its ends and a constricted opening at the other end. Air is expelled from the reservoir by actuating the bulb, the end having the constricted opening is immersed in a bottle containing the product to be metered, and the product enters the reservoir upon relaxation of the bulb. The product is subsequently dispensed by actuating the bulb. 
     Such dropper bottle systems are not suitable for the dispensing of products with a creamy consistency such as gels, or viscous products in general. Indeed, products of this consistency can only rise with difficulty through the constrictor, since air bubbles are drawn into the reservoir at the same time as the product, and a proportion of the product inevitably remains stuck on the outer wall of the dropper bottle. Moreover, with each use of the dropper bottle it must be assumed that the bottle has previously been opened, and hence that the product has been placed into contact with the oxygen of the air. 
     Bottles with deformable walls and a constricting end are also known, offering a metered dispensing of the contained product by simple pressure on the walls. These bottles, being manually compressed, have the drawback that they do not afford very precise dosing. Moreover, since their walls are deformable, they can only be carried in luggage with certain precautions, i.e., being protected from pressure and shocks. Although the addition of a leakproof closing system to the constrictor makes it possible to avoid accidental leakages, there still remains the risk of the walls of the bottle yielding under unduly high pressure. Furthermore, such bottles tend to become deformed in the course of time, in particular to keep the concave shape imparted by the manual pressure. The deformable plastic materials of which these bottles are made are not suitable for the packaging of luxury products for which more rigid materials are preferred. Moreover, the expensive products are dispensed in small quantities, and it is not known how to make bottles of a small size with deformable walls and offering a complete return of excess dispensed product. 
     For example, devices are known from U.S. Pat. No. 3,145,879, FR-A-733446, FR-A-1248664, FR-A-2411140, FR-A-1164796 and FR-A-771150 which comprise a reservoir cavity filled by a product to be dispensed, one end of the cavity comprising a pressure-increasing means, the other a braking system. However, none of these documents mentions any sealing device for single or semi-permanent use. 
     From U.S. Pat. No. 4,770,305 there is known a sealing device for single use applied to the top of the neck of a bottle. This device consists of an aluminum foil cover and a tip which can pierce this cover foil before the first use. However, this document does not suggest in any way the use of such a device in any application other than on the neck of a bottle. 
     FR-A-2656240 describes a semipermanent sealing device for the filling and dispensing a product contained in a reservoir formed by a flexible pouch. This document neither describes nor suggests the application of such a device to an application other than the filling and dispensing from a reservoir. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the invention to provide a bottle with a rigidity allowing easy manipulation, provided with a dispensing system which permits a controlled dispensing, and optionally a precise dosing, of the product containing therein, irrespective of the viscosity of the product, while ensuring preservation of the product over time. 
     The above and other objects are achieved according to the invention by a bottle comprising a reservoir body containing a product and provided with at least two openings, the first (P) of these openings being provided with a pressure-increasing means, and the second opening (R) being provided with means for braking and retaining the product. 
     The product to be dispensed may be a paste, a cream, a gel, a liquid, loose powder, and generally any Galenic form, with the exception of a compact solid. 
     Preferably, the body of the bottle is chosen to have a sufficient rigidity so as not to be deformed under normal manual pressure in the usual conditions of use. For this purpose, a naturally rigid material is used as, for instance, glass or aluminum. It is also possible to use thermoplastic materials such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, or copolymers of ethylene, of propylene, and/or of styrene, these materials having sufficient thicknesses to give them the desired rigidity. 
     A rigid bottle can also be made by means of a more flexible material, if this bottle is small and has angular shapes. Thus the product contained in the reservoir included in the body of the bottle cannot flow out under the effect of any accidental pressure exerted on the body of the bottle. 
     In the absence of pressure-increasing means and braking and retaining means provided by the present invention, rigid bottles, irrespective of the reason for their rigidity, usually do not permit a proper emptying of their contents. 
     During the packaging of the bottle, the product is introduced into the container body. The braking and retaining means, which is chosen according to the nature of the product, prevents the product from emerging from the bottle in the absence of pressure. 
     According to another aspect of the invention, the bottle comprises a body forming a reservoir in which there is stored a product, a pressure-increasing means, a means for fixing the pressure-increasing means on the first opening P of the reservoir ending in a neck, and optionally a cover cap C R , the cover cap C R  cooperating with the second end of the bottle where the constrictor is placed. 
     The invention more particularly concerns fluid products such as lotions, in particular milks and shampoos, gels, creams, foams, the dispensing of which is intended to be controlled. This invention concerns, in particular, cosmetic or therapeutic use and, as a general rule, products of a high price and where it is desirable to prevent wastage. The bottles in accordance with the invention permit a controlled dispensing, and optionally metering, of such products. 
     In accordance with the invention, the unit constituted by the body, by the means for fixing the neck, and by the pressure-increasing means is provided with a sealing device which ensures that the contents of the reservoir do not come into contact with air during the whole duration of storage, and possibly even between two successive uses. Moreover, the bottles in accordance with the invention prohibit any direct contact between the manipulator and the inside of the reservoir. Thus the risks of microbial contamination are extremely limited. The sealing device may be constituted by the pressure-increasing means, by the first end P of the bottle and by the fixing means, and comprises at least one sealing means for single or semipermanent use. 
     Such a sealing means for single use which can be used in the present invention consists, for example, of a tearable or pierceable obturating cover which, during the first use, is pierced or torn by actuation of the pressure-increasing means. This obturating cover is, for example, constituted by an aluminum foil or by a polyethylene film, or is made of any other material that can be easily torn. The pressure-increasing means is provided with a striker which pierces or tears the cover when pressure is applied to the pressure-increasing means. 
     A ball, not secured to the pressure-increasing means, may also be placed into the space provided between the cover and the pressure-increasing means, and may come to bear on the cover and tear it when pressure is applied to the pressure-increasing means. This cover may be fixed in any way to the pressure-increasing means, to the neck of the bottle, to the fixing means or to the bonding or welding means which hold the parts fixed to one another. Moreover, the cover must advantageously be made of a material which is impermeable to air and to the constituents of the formula, so as to prevent the formula from migrating out of the reservoir during storage; this material must, moreover, be chemically inert in relation to the formula used. 
     Such semipermanent sealing means may be constituted by a fixing device which has two positions, i.e., an open position and a closed position, and which can be actuated by a simple movement. Advantageously, such a device is constituted by at least two parts joined and secured, one to the neck of the bottle, and the other to the pressure-increasing means. These two parts may be placed in two different relative positions by a straightforward movement of one of these parts. In one of these two positions, a passage or duct traversing the fixing means causes the pressure-increasing means to communicate with the reservoir. In the other position, this passage or duct no longer exists, or it is obturated, and the seal between the pressure-increasing means and the reservoir is leakproof. Such sealing means, well known to those skilled in this art, are operated for an opening or closing movement by rotation, or by vertical, horizontal or lateral displacement, or by rocking. 
     The sealing device may also comprise a membrane permeable to air and impermeable to liquid, which prevents the product from rising up as far as the pressure-increasing means. 
     The neck of the bottle at the end having the first opening P may comprise a constricted part so as to limit the possibility of the product rising up as far as the pressure-increasing means. For example, the pressure-increasing means and the reservoir may communicate by a narrow duct such as a capillary duct. 
     Preferably, the capacity of the pressure-increasing means is smaller than the volume of the bottle. Thus the product can be dispensed in a controlled manner. Usually, the capacity of the pressure-increasing means is chosen in the range of from 0.1 ml to 5 ml. Preferably, the capacity of the pressure-increasing means ranges from 0.2% to 25% of the volume of the bottle. Thus it is not likely that high pressures which could entail a heavy discharge from the bottle will be accidentally exerted on the pressure-increasing means. The capacity of the pressure-increasing means is adjusted according to the rheology, in particular the viscosity, of the product and the usual dose used for this product, as is known in the art. 
     Preferably, the pressure-increasing means is formed by a bulb of an elastomeric material, a piston, or a bellows connected to the first opening P by means of a conventional fixing means, e.g., by catch-engagement or by screwing. If the pressure-increasing means is formed by a bulb, it may be of any shape. Optionally, the pressure-increasing means may be surmounted by a push button made of a rigid material. 
     Preferably, the unit constituted by the pressure-increasing means, the fixing means and the neck is partly encapsulated in a rigid part. This encapsulation makes it possible to partly protect the pressure-increasing means from shocks; it affords a better seal for the fixing of the pressure-increasing means on the neck of the body, as well as a better grip of the dispensing bottle. This encapsulation may be obtained by any conventional means, e.g., by overmolding (composite molding) the rigid part around the unit constituted by the pressure-increasing means, the fixing means and the neck. 
     The rigid part is constituted of any rigid material, e.g., a thermoplastic material such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, and the copolymers of ethylene, propylene and/or of styrene. These materials are used with sufficient thicknesses to give them the desired rigidity. 
     Optionally, the rigid part and the elastomeric bulb may be molded as a single piece of thermoplastic material whose thickness varies according to the desired rigidity. The rigid part may also be constituted by two distinct parts, which are assembled around the unit constituted by the pressure-increasing means, by the fixing means and by the neck, by screwing, or by catch-engagement, or by bonding, or by any other conventional means. 
     Optionally, the part made of a rigid material may have a lid for protecting the pressure-increasing means. 
     When the pressure-increasing means is partly encapsulated in the rigid part, the encapsulation is obtained in such a way that the pressure-increasing means is disposed inside a hollow cavity arranged in the rigid part, and that the pressure-increasing means is even with the surface of the rigid part, or that it is substantially recessed relative to this surface. Thus when the user is holding the bottle in his hand, he must intentionally reach the pressure-increasing means with his finger and does not risk actuating it in error. Moreover, the advantageous rigid nature of the bottle unit permits a good grip by the user. When the bottle is placed inside luggage, the rigid part protects the pressure-increasing means and prevents the latter from being actuated accidentally. 
     According to a variant of the invention, the bottle can be provided with two pressure means placed symmetrically relative to the first opening P in order to facilitate the manipulation of the bottle. This variant makes it possible to exert simultaneous pressure with the thumb on one side and with another finger, preferably the index finger of the same hand, on the other side of the bottle and affords the user a good grip associated with very good control of the delivery. 
     The constrictor permitting the dispensing of the product is chosen according to the product to be dispensed. The diameter of its dispensing duct is chosen according to the rheology, and in particular the viscosity, of the product, so that in the absence of pressure on the pressure-increasing means the product does not spontaneously flow out through this duct. 
     Preferably, the constrictor has at its outlet inside the bottle, a retaining cell open towards the reservoir in such a way that some of the product is retained inside this cell in the normal positions of use of the bottle (e.g., a vertical position with the constrictor disposed towards the bottom, a horizontal position, and any intermediate position). The inlet and the outlet of the constrictor are defined by the direction of flow of the product. This retaining cell may, for example, be constituted by the walls of the constrictor if, in relation to the viscosity of the product, the constructor has sufficient length relative to its width to ensure a good retention, or by a duct extending in the reservoir which extends the walls of the constrictor. It may also be formed by an annular flange at the inlet of the cell. 
     The retaining cell makes it possible to keep a small quantity of the product available for immediate dispensing, even if the bottle has been stored in a position other than with the constrictor at the bottom. This reserve quantity, if of sufficient height, makes it possible to prevent the passing of air contained in the reservoir through the product when the pressure-increasing means is actuated. Finally, the retaining cell permits a better draining of the contents of the bottle. 
     The constrictor and the body of the bottle may constitute only a single part with the constrictor forming the extension of the bottle, but they may also consist of two parts with the constrictor being screwed or clipped in a leakproof manner onto the mouth of the bottle. At the dispensing end of the constrictor there may be located an obturator means which obturates the constrictor in the absence of pressure and folds under the thrust of the product. The obturator may consist of an elastic lip or an elastic valve whose flanges diverge under the pressure of the product. Such a valve consists of a flat or circular nozzle made of an elastomeric material, one end of which is slipped over the rigid end of the constrictor, and the other end is pierced by a wider or narrower opening which remains closed in the absence of pressure. 
     The constrictor may instead be obturated by a flat deformable gasket placed at the bottom of the cover cap. The constrictor may also be obturated in a leakproof manner by a service cap system forming part of the cover cap. Moreover, the outlet end of the constrictor may be provided with any means facilitating the dispensing of the product, e.g., an applicator made of foam, a massaging surface, a ball, a spatula or a brush. 
     According to a variant of the invention, the constrictor may comprise several ducts for the simultaneous dispensing of the product. Preferably, the constrictor has from one to three ducts. 
     The cover cap of the service cap may be fixed to the bottle or to the constrictor by any known, such as catch engagement, by screwing, by means of a bayonet fastener, etc. 
     As indicated above, the pressure-increasing means may be fixed to the neck of the bottle which ends in the first opening P by means of the fixing means. This fixing is preferably leakproof in such a way that pressure exerted on the pressure-increasing means is integrally retransmitted into the body of the bottle and is reflected in a flowing out of the product. The fixing of the pressure-increasing means on the neck may be ensured by the pressure-increasing means itself. For example, the pressure-increasing means may be extended in a skirt which has a profile complementary to the profile of the neck of the bottle. The fixing of the pressure-increasing means on the neck of the bottle may also be ensured by a rigid ring molded or not over the pressure-increasing means. 
     According to a variant of the invention, the lid of the rigid part may comprise a hinge and be molded as a single piece together with the rigid part, the pressure-increasing means being fixed to the lid by any known means. Moreover, the pressure-increasing means may also be molded as a single piece with the lid of the rigid part. 
     Preferably, the bottle comprises an air restoring or venting means. Thus air return to the inside of the bottle after use may be effected through the constrictor, for example, by means of a cap capable of a renewed air intake. It may also be effected by the pressure-increasing means by means of a renewed air intake valve situated between the pressure-increasing means and the ambient air. The pressure-increasing means may also be provided with a hole which may be obturated by the finger for dispensing and which lets air pass when the finger is removed from the pressure-increasing means. In the case where the renewed air intake is not effected by means of the constrictor, the bottle is then provided with a non-return valve, for example at the neck or the fixing means, which prevents the product from again rising up as far as the pressure-increasing means. 
     The cover cap C R  which closes the dispensing end (outlet) of the bottle has any shape. Preferably, this lid has a flat face which allows the bottle to be stored upside down. Thus, with the product descending by gravity into the mouth of the constrictor, the bottle is always ready for use. 
     The pressure-increasing means is placed anywhere on the top of the bottle or laterally relative to the bottle. When the pressure-increasing means is positioned at the top of the bottle, it may be placed coaxially with the constrictor or along an axis different from that of the constrictor. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     To render the invention more readily understood, devices meeting the characteristics of this invention will be described below by way of example. Except in a special case, the upper parts (the neck and parts attached to the neck) and the lower part (the constrictor and the part cooperating with the constrictor) of the bottle are independent and it is possible to combine all the variants of these two parts of the bottle in the examples that follow, wherein: 
     FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a bottle in accordance with the invention; 
     FIGS. 2A and 2B show a longitudinal sectional view of a bottle in accordance with the invention, comprising two bulbs, a service cap, an elastic cap and an opening closing system operated by rotation; 
     FIGS. 3A,  3 B and  3 C, being respectively a perspective, a longitudinal section, and a partial longitudinal section, show a bottle in accordance with the invention provided with an applicator made of foam and an opening and closing system operating by means of a pivot; 
     FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a bottle in accordance with the invention whose pressure-increasing means is protected by a hinged lid; 
     FIGS. 5A and 5B show, in perspective and in partial cross-section, a device in accordance with the invention whose bulb is placed on a hinged lid; 
     FIGS. 6A and 6B show, in cross-section and in enlarged cross-section, a constrictor comprising a retaining cell; 
     FIG. 6C shows a cross-sectional view of one end of the constrictor; 
     FIGS. 7A and 7B show in a longitudinal section and an enlarged longitudinal section, a device in accordance with the invention for horizontal storage; and 
     FIGS. 8A and 8B are longitudinal and cross-sectional views, respectively, of an end fitting that can be fitted on the device in accordance with the invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The device shown in FIG. 1 comprises a glass container body  101  containing the product  102 , a bulb  103  made of an elastomeric material, a ring-shaped collar  104  for fixing the bulb  103  on the neck  112  of the bottle, an obturator  105 , a non-return valve  106 , a striker  107  and a cap  109 . The non-return valve  106  prevents the product in the container body  101  from being discharged through the bulb  103  and so acts as a sealing device. 
     The body of the bottle is extended on one side in a constrictor  110  provided with an outlet opening R for the product and having a profile  111 . On the other side, a neck  112  has groove  113  for fastening the ring  104  on the outer surface, and an air intake opening P. The bulb comprises a renewed air intake valve  108  at its center, and is molded over its whole circumference by the collar ring  104 . The collar ring  104  is made of a rigid material and is provided with an internal cylindrical skirt  114  which is fitted in the fastening groove  113  of the neck  112 , and an external skirt  115  with an internal diameter substantially equal to the external diameter of the neck  112  and comprising a fastening groove  116  complementary to that the neck  112 . 
     The obturator  105  is formed by an aluminum foil welded to the ring  104  at the circumference of the bulb and together with the ring obturates the opening P. The ball  107  is placed between the bulb and the obturator so that at the time of first use, pressure exerted on the bulb causes the obturator to be torn by impact on the ball. 
     The cap  109  is provided with an internal cylindrical skirt  117 , an external skirt  118  and a stud  119  which are coaxial. The external skirt  118  has a profile which cooperates with the body of the bottle, the internal skirt  117  has a profile which cooperates with the profile  111  of the constrictor, and the stud  119  penetrates into the opening R, obturating it, when the cap  119  is mounted on the bottle. The cap is provided with a flat bottom  120  which permits the vertical storage of the bottle with the end R towards the bottom. Thus, the bottle is always ready for use. 
     The device shown in FIG. 2A comprises a glass reservoir-bottle  201  containing a product  201 a, a service cap  202  on the side of the constrictor  216 , a double bulb  203  made of polyethylene on the opposite side to the constrictor, and a rotary opening-closing system formed by a fixed part  205  and a movable part  206 . The end P of the bottle ends in a neck  207  provided with fastening means  207 a. The other end R ends in another neck  208  provided with fastening means  208 a. 
     The service cap has a body  209  and a cover cap  210  connected by a hinge  211 . The cover cap  210  has fixing means  212  allowing it to be fastened on the body of the service cap. The cap has an external skirt  213  whose end on the opposite side to the cap  210  cooperates with the body  201  of the bottle and an internal skirt  214  coaxial with the skirt  213  and provided with fastening means  215  complementary with the fastening means  208 a of the neck  208 . The body  209  of the service cap has an opening forming the constrictor  216 . The opening is obturated by an elastic lip  226  (FIG. 2B) made of an elastomeric material overmolded around the constrictor  216 . The constrictor  216  extends the neck  208 . The cover cap  210  of the service cap comprises a cylindrical internal skirt  217  within which the constrictor  216  may be positioned. 
     When the cover cap  210  of the service cap is in the closed position as shown in the Figures, the end  216 a of the constrictor is inserted in the internal skirt  217  of the cover cap and rests on the bottom of the cover cap so as to ensure a leakproof seal. When the service cap is open, the elastic lip  226  can let the product pass (opening, direction B)due to pressure exerted on this product. When this pressure stops, the lip  226  allows air to pass (opening, direction A) due to the low pressure in the bottle. 
     The two bulbs  203  are molded in a single piece, folded during assembly at the hinges  231  and fixed by catch-engagement  218  at their two ends around the movable part  206  of the rotary opening-closing system. The movable part  206  is traversed by a main duct  219 , through which extends the fixed part  205 , and by two radial lateral ducts  220 . The duct  219  opens to end P of the bottle. Each of the ducts  220  extends between the cavity  203 a of one of the bulbs and the transverse duct  225  of the fixed part  205  when in the open position. The movable part  206  is, moreover, provided with fastening means  222  cooperating with (catch-engagement) fastening means  207 a of the neck  207  at the end P, and is in bearing contact with a shoulder  230  of the body of the bottle. These means  207 a permit the rotation of the part  206  around this neck. 
     The fixed part  205  is fixed to the neck  207  by (catch-engagement) fastening means  223  complementary to those  207 b of the neck  207 . It is traversed by the main duct  224  which extends the neck  207  of the bottle and by the transverse ducts  225  opening out in the duct  224  at the level of the lateral duct of the movable part  206 . Since the movable part  206  is capable of turning around the neck  207 , it can be positioned in two preferable positions determined by stops (not shown) located on the neck  207 . In an open position, the transverse duct  225  is opposite the lateral ducts  220  and any pressure exerted on the bulbs  203  is transmitted to the inside of the bottle and then to the outlet of the constrictor  216 . In the closed position, the transverse duct  225  is perpendicular to the lateral ducts  220  and any pressure on the bulbs cannot be transmitted. 
     The device shown in FIGS. 3A to  3 C comprises a reservoir bottle  301  containing a product  301 b, an elastomeric bulb  302  overmolded by a part  303  with a triangular cross-section made of polypropylene, a part  304  made of polypropylene fixed to the neck  305  of the bottle, a cover cap  306  and an applicator  307  made of foam. 
     The bottle ends on one side in a constrictor  308  provided with an opening R within which is placed the foam applicator  307 , and on the other side by the neck  305  whose end defines the outlet opening P. The neck  305  is provided with fastening means  309  (catch engagement) on the outer surface. The cover cap  306  has an internal skirt  310  and an external skirt  311  which are coaxial and cooperate respectively with the constrictor and the body of the bottle. 
     The round bulb  302  is overmolded on its circumference by the part  303 . The part  303  is provided with a central ball and socket joint  313  allowing it to pivot round the axis I—I, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X—X of the bottle. This ball and socket joint  313  is traversed by a duct  314  and cooperates with a complementary part  315  of the part  304 . The complementary part  315  has an opening, which could also take the form of a duct, communicating the neck  305  of the bottle and the ball and socket joint. 
     The part  304  is provided with a virtually parallelepiped shaped skirt  317  comprising (catch-engagement) fastening means  318  complementary to those  309  forming part of the neck  305  of the bottle. The two parts  303  and  304  cooperate with one another via the ball and socket join  313  so as to define two preferred positions corresponding to the edges  303 a,  303 b of the part  303  resting on the part  304 . In one of these positions, the duct  314  and the opening in part  315  are opposite one another and a pressure on the bulb is transmitted to the reservoir containing the product  301 b and then to the constrictor. In the other position, the duct  314  and the opening  316  do not communicate. Thus any pressure on the bulb  302  remains without effect, and it is possible to close an open bottle merely by rocking the part  303 . 
     The device shown in FIG. 4 is constituted by a body provided with two openings. It ends on one side in a constrictor  402  and on the other in a neck connected to an elastomeric bulb  403  by means of a fixing means. Two parts  401  and  415  are made of a rigid material and have a single profile. The bulb  403  is level with the surface of the part  415 . Cover cap  404  is provided with a sealing skirt  405 . The end of the constrictor  406  is fitted within a skirt  407  for fixing the cover cap on the constrictor. Skirt  407  and constrictor  406  are provided with complementary fastening means  408 ,  409  defining a bayonet-type fastening. 
     The body of the bottle is partly overmolded by the part  401  which has a recess around the bulb  403 . The part  415  is fixed by catch-engagement in this recess. The part  401  forms a single uniform profile in cooperation with the cover cap  404 . The part  415  has a lid  410  with a hinge  412  that covers the bulb  403  in the closed position. The lid  410  has a relief  411  capable of following the shapes of the bulb. 
     According to a variant, provision may be made for the end of the constrictor which is inserted in the internal skirt of the cover cap  405  to rest on a gasket so as to ensure a leakproof seal, the gasket making it possible to prevent any low pressure from forming in the bottle when it is opened. 
     The device shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B has a body  502  provided with two openings. It ends at one side in a constrictor (not shown) and on the other side (P) in a neck  502 a on which there is fixed a rigid part  503  made of polyethylene. The part  503  has a lid  504  including a bulb  506  made of polyethylene, the thickness of whose walls is less than that of the lid  504 . The part  503  carries a cover  505  and is molded therewith as one piece to form a body  507  having skirt  513 . The hinge  508  connects the lid and the body. 
     The body  507  is fixed on the neck  502 a of the bottle (by catch-engagement) and has an opening O which extends the opening P of the bottle. This opening O is obturated by the cover foil of aluminum welded to the body  507 . The lid  504  has a fastening means  509  allowing it to be fastened to the body  507  which is provided with complementary fastening means  512 , and a skirt  510  which cooperates in a leakproof manner with the skirt  513  of the body so that when the lid  504  is closed, the bottle is ready for use. 
     The bulb  506  is positioned in such a way that in the closed position it is opposite the opening O. The bulb  506  is provided with a striker  511  so that when the cover cap  504  is closed and pressure is exerted on the bulb, the striker  511  tears the obturator  505 . This pressure causes the product to emerge through the end of the bottle on the opposite side to the opening P. The unit has a symmetry of revolution. 
     The constrictor  601  of FIGS. 6A and 6B cooperates with the body  602  of the bottle by fastening means  603  complementary to those  604  with which the body of the bottle is fitted. The constrictor  601  is provided on its internal circumference with an annular bead  605  which defines a retaining cell  606 . Thus, even if the bottle is stored in a position other than vertical, there always remains at least one product dose in the cell ready for dispensing. The outlet R of the constrictor is obturated by an elastic lip  607  made of an elastomer which retains the product in the absence of a pressure increase in the reservoir. This device functions in the same way as those described above. 
     In the variant shown in FIG. 6C, a circular valve  609  made of an elastomer is molded on a part  618  fixed on the constrictor  603  and traversed by the duct  619 . This valve ensures the sealing of the unit. 
     The device shown in FIG. 7 differs from the preceding ones in that it is arranged to be positioned flat on a support in the direction of its largest dimension. For this purpose, the neck  710  of the bottle  701  which is obturated by a tearable obturating cover  705  has an elbow  702 . The pressure-increasing means comprises a bellows  703  joined to the neck  710  by ring-type fixing means  704 . This bellows is surmounted by a rigid push button  713 . The outlet end R has a constrictor  708  whose longitudinal axis forms an angle 90°&lt;α&lt;180° relative to the axis of the body of the bottle. The end R is obturated by a stopper  717 . 
     According to a variant of the invention, the bottle may be provided at its dispensing end with an end fitting such as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B. The end fitting  801  shown in these Figures is constituted by two parts: the first part  801 . 1  has fastening means (not shown) for fastening it on the constrictor of the bottle (for example by a force-fit). The part  801 . 1  is connected by means of a flap hinge  801 . 3  to the second part  801 . 2  of the end fitting. The parts  801 . 1  and  801 . 2  have fastening means  801 . 4 ,  801 . 5  allowing them to be held fixed one against the other in their use position, as well as sealing means (not shown). Provision could also be made for the end fitting  801  to be constituted as a single part corresponding to the two parts  801 . 1  and  801 . 2  held in a fixed position. 
     The end fitting  801  is traversed by a duct  802  comprising three parts. The upper duct  802 . 1  communicates with the inside of the bottle. A two-way flap valve  803  separates the upper duct  802 . 1  from the median duct  802 . 2 . The lower duct  802 . 3  extends the median duct  802 . 2  and opens towards the outside of the bottle. The width of the duct  802  is reduced in the direction from the inlet of the duct  802  inside the bottle towards the outlet of the duct  802 . The median duct  802 . 2  has a greater width at the level of the valve  803  and is narrower at the level of the lower duct  802 . 3 . The lower duct  802 . 3  is over its whole length narrower than the median duct  802 . 2 . 
     The part  801 . 2  has a concave profile  804  at the level of the opening  805  of the lower duct  802 . 3 , this profile  804  being placed around, and substantially perpendicular to, the opening  805 . The two-way flap valve  803  is fastened to the part  801 . 1  by a flap hinge  803 . 1 . The width and the thickness of this hinge  803 . 1  make it possible to regulate the force required for displacing the valve  803 . 
     In FIG. 8B, which is a cross-section of the end fitting at the level of the valve  803 , it can be seen that the width of the valve  803  relative to the duct  802 . 2  at the level of the valve also affects the flow rate through the duct  802 . 
     This device makes it possible to improve the renewed air intake effect. It also makes it possible to prevent the formation of drops at the opening  805  of the bottle. It permits a more uniform dispensing. 
     Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.