Abstract:
A fire extinguishing device to reduce or extinguish a fire in a specific localized area such as a room or a hallway within a burning building. A base with a disbursement container fixed to the base is provided to hold an explosive charge and a volume of fire extinguishing agent. When the explosive charge is detonated, the extinguishing agent is forced out of the disbursement container in an upward direction to subsequently shower down upon a fire in the vicinity of the detonated fire extinguishing device to at least in part extinguish the fire in the localized area.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1 . Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates to fire extinguishing devices. More particularly, the present invention relates to a device that directionally disburses an extinguishing agent through the use of an explosive charge. 
     2 . Background and Objects of the Invention 
     When a fire occurs, fire fighting individuals often find it necessary to enter or re-enter a building to search for persons that may still be within the building. It is a common occurrence for these individuals to be burned, possibly severely, or even to be killed, when such an attempt is made. Often, the fire fighting person or other individuals may need to enter a room or pass through a hallway (consumed with flames) when attempting to locate trapped individuals, or while attempting egress from a burning building. In such instances, it would be highly desirable to employ a device that may be set off (or detonated) to knock down or extinguish flames of the fire, even if for only a short period of time and even in a localized area. 
     A number of prior art devices are available in the art to provide temporary relief in the vicinity in which they are utilized. For example U.S. Pat. No. 3,980,139 to Kirk is one such device. The Kirk device provides a bomb that can be detonated within a fire. This device employs an `automatic heat triggered` detonation means, and therefore, requires a possibly random period of time before detonation may occur. Further, due to extreme heat, the device may false trigger at an inappropriate time. The Kirk device also includes a glass cylinder (to hold a volume of extinguishing agent) &#34;that can be readily fragmented so as to disperse its chemical content in all directions&#34;. The use of this dispersal arrangement may prove to be hazardous to nearby persons when the device is detonated. A device with a safer and more directional disbursement would be useful. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,285,403 to Poland provides an explosive fire extinguisher that is designed to be dropped from an aircraft into fires such as forest fires. The device may be shock triggered on impact. Accordingly, this device and other bomb-like extinguishing devices, while suitable for the particular purposes intended, or for more general use, would not be suitable for the purposes contemplated for the present invention, as will be fully discussed below. 
     Objects of the present invention are, therefore, to provide new and improved detonatable fire extinguishing or fire reducing devices having one or more of the following capabilities, features, characteristics, and/or advantages: 
     self contained compact and simple design; 
     includes an internal cavity to hold and secure a volume of fire extinguishing agent; 
     reusable embodiments that may be reloaded, typically at a later time, and used over and over; 
     structured to directionally disburse the volume of the extinguishing agent in an upward somewhat substantially vertical direction wherein at least a portion thereof `showers down`upon the fire in the vicinity of the detonated fire extinguishing device; 
     the internal cavity frangibly capped to secure the extinguishing agent within the cavity until detonation occurs; 
     having a timer to enable a user to situate the device and move a safe distance away before detonation occurs; 
     may be embodied with a standard explosive charge, such as an M40 type explosive; and 
     very simple and economical construction; 
     The above listed objects, advantages, and associated novel features of the present invention, as well as others, will become more clear with a careful review of the description and FIGS. provided herein. Attention is called to the fact, however, that the drawings and the associated description are illustrative only, and variations are certainly possible. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In accordance with the present invention, a fire extinguishing device is disclosed employing an explosive charge to disburse a volume of a fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing device is comprised of a base with a disbursement container fixed to the base. The disbursement container has an open upper end and a closed bottom end, and provides a cavity for holding a volume of the fire extinguishing agent. The upper open end is oriented in a substantially vertical position to discharge the extinguishing agent in a upward direction. An explosive charge possibly located within the cavity of the disbursement container near the bottom end is substantially covered by the fire extinguishing agent. When the explosive charge is detonated by one of a number of suitable detonation means, the associated explosive discharge forces the extinguishing agent out of the disbursement container in an upward direction to subsequently (at least partially) shower down upon the flames of a fire in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing device to, at least in part, extinguish the fire in a localized area near the site of the detonation (i.e., in the general vicinity of the fire extinguishing device). 
     The present invention is contemplated to be configured as a reusable device that may be later reloaded with a new explosive charge and another volume extinguishing agent. Embodiments may include simple fusing means incorporating a timing device to enable a user to move a safe distance away from the device before detonation occurs. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     In the drawings, like elements are assigned like reference numerals. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, with the emphasis instead placed upon the principles of the present invention. Additionally, each of the embodiments depicted are but one of many possible arrangements utilizing the fundamental concepts of the present invention. The drawings are briefly described as follows: 
     FIG. 1 provides an exploded view of an embodiment of the fire extinguishing device in accordance with the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 depicts an elevated perspective view of an embodiment of the invention assembled and ready for use. 
     FIG. 3 illustrates a front view of an embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 4 provides a cross sectional view of the embodiment of 
     FIG. 3 taken along the line 4--4 of FIG. 3. 
     FIG. 5 shows yet another embodiment of the invention. 
     FIG. 6 depicts the detonation of the fire extinguishing device to disburse a volume of extinguishing agent. 
    
    
     LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS USED IN THE DRAWINGS 
     10 --fire extinguishing device 
     12 --base 
     14 --disbursement container 
     14a --(upper) open end of disbursement container 
     14b --(closed) bottom end of disbursement container 
     16 --compartment 
     18 --annular dampener 
     20 --explosive charge 
     20a --detonator 
     22 --extinguishing agent 
     24 --cap 
     28 --threads 
     32 --bore 
     34 --(replaceable) shell 
     36 --outer cover 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     It is important to establish the definition of several terms and expressions that will be used throughout this disclosure. The expressions `fire extinguishing agent`and `extinguishing agent`are to be defined as including any known substance in liquid, gaseous, or particulate form that may be employed to dampen or `knock down` a fire, at least in part, and at least for a short period of time. The present invention is intended to provide relief by reducing or eliminating flames associated with a fire in the general or immediate vicinity where the invention is deployed. As such, the term `vicinity` may be assumed to indicate generally near and around the fire reducing or extinguishing device. However, as the device is contemplated to be scalable and provided in a variety of sizes and configurations, the region or area affected by the detonation of the device may vary with the particular embodiment. Accordingly, a small and highly portable embodiment may only affect the flames of a fire in a relatively small area, say within a diameter of 10 to 15 feet. Alternately, when considering a larger embodiment, the term `vicinity` may involve a significantly larger area, say within a diameter of 20  to 30 feet. The terms `explosive charge` and simply `charge` are to be defined as any means that may be set-off or detonated to expand rapidly, wherein the rapid expansion will result in the disbursement of the extinguishing agent (as will be further addressed below). Finally, the terms `device`, `fire reducing device` and `fire extinguishing device`, are to be considered synonymous and interchangeable. Additional terms and expressions will be defined below as needed. 
     Referring now to FIG. 1, there is illustrated an exploded view (having nothing to due with a detonation) of an embodiment of the fire extinguishing device 10 in accordance with the present invention. A base 12 provides a foundation to support a disbursement container 14 that is configured to hold a volume of the fire extinguishing agent 22, as clearly shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. As can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 4 an explosive charge 20 may be situated proximal to the base 12 near the bottom end 14b of the disbursement container 14. When detonated, the explosive charge 20 will cause the disbursement of the extinguishing agent 22, as illustrated in FIG. 6, and result in the reduction, at least in part, of flames associated with a fire in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing device 10. 
     In preferred embodiments of the present invention, a detonator 20a, which may be termed a detonation means, would be located in a recessed compartment 16 (as can be seen in FIGS. 2 through 5). The detonator 20a would be employed to enable a user to locate the fire extinguishing device 10 in a desired location, and move a safe distance away from the device before the explosive charge 20 is actually detonated. As will be appreciated by skilled persons, a variety of available charges 20 and detonators 20a are available in the art that would be suitable for the purposes of the present invention. For example, if the explosive charge 20 is provided by, say an M40 or M60 type of charge, the detonator 20a may be provided by well known igniters, which may further include a timer element or timing device to enable a user to move a safe distance away from the fire extinguishing device 10 before the device 10 is detonated. To couple the detonator 20a to the explosive charge 20, a bore 32 may be provided in the base 12. The bore 32, as can be seen in FIG. 4, may enable a wire, fuse, or other coupling means to operatively couple the detonator 20a and the explosive charge 20. 
     As shown in FIG. 4, the disbursement container 14 may be provided with a conical shape having an upper open end 14a and a possibly closed bottom end 14b . However, as the bottom end 14b is rigidly fixed to the base 12, a bottom wall of the disbursement container 14 may actually be provided by the base 12. In a preferred embodiment the combination of the base 12 and disbursement container 14 may be formed of a monolithic piece of metal such as steel. It should be understood that the disbursement container 14 may alternately be provided by a simple tube like arrangement, possibly with a flared upper end (not shown). Regardless of the particular shape employed to realize the disbursement container 14, the desired function, as clearly shown in FIG. 6, is to disburse the extinguishing agent 22 in an upward direction so as to enable the extinguishing agent 22 to, to some extent, contact flames and burning materials above the fire extinguishing device 10, and or to shower down upon burning materials in the vicinity of the device. 
     Referring again to FIG. 1, an annular dampener 18 may be provided that is wrapped circumferentially and tightly about the disbursement container 14 to dampen and assist in absorbing forces resulting from the detonation of the explosive charge 20. In a possibly preferred embodiment of the invention the annular dampener 18 may also serve as thermal insulation for the contents of the cavity of the disbursement container 14. In addition, as clearly seen in FIGS. 2 through 5, the annular dampener 18 may also assist in providing an overall `rounded`shape to the fire extinguishing device 10. The rounded shape may be desired to enable the device 10 to be `rolled`into a space consumed with flames. If properly constructed (with a suitably weighted base 12), the device may self right itself to establish the desired upright orientation shown in FIGS. 1 through 6. In addition, if embodied with the timed detonator 20a, the device may be rolled into such an area, and subsequently automatically detonated to reduce and or knock down the flames of a fire in the immediate vicinity. A frangibly fixed cap 24 is provided to cover and cap the upper open end 14a of the disbursement container 14 to secure the extinguishing agent 22 in the cavity until the fire extinguishing device 10 is detonated. The cap 24, or an equivalent structure may be configured to enhance the overall rounded shape of the fire extinguishing device 10 of the present invention, and when combined with a `weighted`, base 12, will result in the device 10 always being positioned in the desired `upright`position when the device 10 comes to rest (before being detonated). The cap 24 may be frangibly mounted using yieldably mated threads 28 that are located upon the upper end 14a of the disbursement container 14 and the outer circumference of the cap 24, respectively (as shown in FIG. 1). 
     Turning to FIG. 5, there is illustrated therein an alternate embodiment of the invention. A (replaceable) shell 34 is included to provide the function of the explosive charge 20. The shell 34, which may be arranged to be quickly and easily replaced, may be employed with a mechanical detonation means, for example, that includes a `firing pin`based arrangement. 
     An inherent characteristic of the present invention, especially when considering the configuration of FIGS. 3 and 4, is the location of the explosive charge 20. As skilled persons will appreciate, if the materials selected to embody the device 10 have suitable thermal isolating characteristics, the possibility of the explosive charge 20 being accidentally detonated due to high ambient temperature is reduced. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 4 an outer cover 36 may be provided which is a known thermal insulator. For example, an outer cover 36 of stainless steel may be provided for such a purpose. 
     It is important to understand that the above description of the embodiments of the fire extinguishing device 10 of the present invention are exemplary only, and other equivalent arrangements are certainly possible. Therefore, while there have been described the currently preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art will recognize that other and further modifications may be made without departing from the present invention, and it is intended to claim all modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended claims.