Abstract:
A card with a magnetic stripe when fed into a card reader can be illegally read by a read head unobtrusively attached to the outside of the card reader adjacent to the slot into which the card is fed. To defeat this illegal reading, movement of a card through the read head is interrupted thereby making it difficult for the illegal read head to read the stripe. This interruption occurs at the point where the proper read head inside the card reader is not reading the magnetic stripe. The interruption can be a brief stop or a brief reversal in direction. The interruption occurs once while the card is being fed into the card reader and once when the card is being fed out of the card reader.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a magnetic card transaction apparatus having a magnetic card reader; more specifically, it relates to a magnetic card transaction apparatus having a function to prevent incorrect reading of a magnetic card. 
     A magnetic card reader is attached to a magnetic card transaction apparatus which performs various transactions using a magnetic card, such as an ATM found in a bank. At a card insertion area of a magnetic card reader, in general, one finds the following in order in the direction of a card to be inserted: a card slot through which a magnetic card is inserted or ejected; a card insertion detector which detects the magnetic card inserted therein; a guiding path which guides the magnetic card inserted from the card slot to the inside of the apparatus; and a shutter which opens and closes the guiding path. 
     When a user inserts a magnetic card into a card slot, a magnetic strip at the end of the inserted magnetic card is detected by a card insertion detector; then, a shutter is opened such that the magnetic card can be taken in. The inside of the shutter has a pair of card transferring rollers which forms a transferring means for a magnetic card; the inserted magnetic card is held to be taken in by the card transferring rollers. 
     In order to avoid undesired sensations, such as a sensation of the magnetic card being stuck, from being sensed by an user when a magnetic card is inserted, the shutter is opened while the pair of card transferring rollers are driven as soon as insertion of the magnetic card is detected by the card insertion detector; therefore, the magnetic card can be smoothly taken following insertion of the magnetic card by a user. 
     On the other hand, the amount of projection of the card from the card slot at the time of ejection is maximized in order for the user to readily remove the card from the card slot. 
     In a magnetic card reader described above, insertion of a magnetic card is such that the end of the magnetic card is inserted to a card slot then the card is transferred by a pair of card transferring rollers at an even speed. Similarly, ejection of a magnetic card is such that the magnetic card is transferred by the pair of card transferring rollers at a steady speed until the card is actually ejected from the card slot. 
     Therefore, when a magnetic head is attached to the outside of the card slot (in order to perform an illegal act), the magnetic card is transferred at an even speed along the position for detecting the magnetic head. Consequently, information recorded on the magnetic card can be read out by the magnetic head attached to the outside of the card slot. 
     The present invention intends to provide a magnetic card transaction apparatus which is configured such that a magnetic card inserted or ejected from a card slot cannot be read out by a magnetic head attached to the outside of the card slot. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration showing major parts of a magnetic card transaction apparatus according to the present invention. 
     FIG.  2 ( a ) is a flowchart showing an operation of taking in a magnetic card about the apparatus of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG.  2 ( b ) is a flowchart showing an operation of ejecting the magnetic card about the apparatus of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG.  3 ( a ) is an operation of taking in a magnetic card. 
     FIG.  3 ( b ) is an operation of ejecting the magnetic card. 
     FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing another example of an operation of taking in a magnetic card in the apparatus of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing yet another example of an operation of taking in a magnetic card in the apparatus of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 6 is a configuration showing a modified example of the apparatus of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 7 is a configuration showing another modified example of the apparatus of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 8 is a configuration showing yet another modified example of the apparatus of FIG.  1 . 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The following describes a magnetic card transaction apparatus using the present invention in reference to drawings. 
     FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration of major parts of a magnetic card reader which is attached to a magnetic card transaction apparatus, such as an ATM. Magnetic card reader  1  of this embodiment is fixed to the back side of card slot opening  4  formed at front panel  3  of magnetic card transaction apparatus  2 . 
     Magnetic card reader  1  comprises: card slot  5  for insertion and ejection of a magnetic card; magnetic head  7  as a card insertion detector which detects magnetic card  6  inserted from card slot  5 ; guiding path  8  which guides magnetic card  6 , inserted from card slot  5 , to the inside of the apparatus; and shutter  9  which opens and closes guiding path  8 . These parts are placed in the above order in the direction of a card to be inserted. 
     A pair of card transferring rollers  11  is placed inward of shutter  9 . Magnetic card  6  is taken in by rollers  11  and is transferred along a transferring path defined by a plurality of pairs of transferring rollers  12 ,  13  which are placed with a given distance. The spacing between rollers  11  and  12  is slightly less than the length of the card  6 . Likewise, the spacing between rollers  12  and  13  is slightly less than the length of the card  6 . Each pair of rollers  11  through  13  are rotated by drive motor  14 . Magnetic head  15  is placed at a position of rollers  12  for reading a magnetic strip on magnetic card  6  which passes thereby. 
     Drive control circuit  16  is to control the drive of each part and is configured of a microcomputer. It controls operations of taking in magnetic card  6  and reading out by magnetic head  15  according to a control program stored in a ROM thereof. Also, photo sensors  17 ,  18  are to detect positions of magnetic card  6  described later. 
     The following describes operations of taking in and ejection of a magnetic card in this embodiment of magnetic card reader  1  in reference to a flowchart in FIG. 2 and a configuration in FIG.  3 . 
     First, the operation of taking in magnetic card  6  is described herein according to a flowchart in FIG.  2 ( a ). When a user inserts magnetic card  6  through card slot  5 , magnetic head  7  or a sensor (not shown in the figure) detects a magnetic strip formed on inserted magnetic card  6  (ST 1 ). Based on detection signals from magnetic head  7 , drive control circuit  16  rotates (starts) motor  14  to drive a transferring system including transferring rollers  11 ; shutter  9  is opened at the same time (ST 2 ). 
     As a result, magnetic card  6  can be taken in. When it passes the shutter position while being taken in, the end of the card is engaged by a pair of rollers  11  such that taking in of magnetic card  6  is started. 
     In this embodiment, when the back end of magnetic card  6  projects from card slot  5  after motor  14  is rotated (started), motor  14  is temporarily suspended to suspend operation of taking in magnetic card  6 . Time of suspending motor  14  can be controlled based on a period of time after detection of the card by photo sensors  18 . Also, it can be controlled based on a period of time after detection of magnetic head  7  for detecting insertion of a card. Suspension of taking in magnetic card  6  is set to be 100 ms to 500 ms in this embodiment (ST 3 ). 
     Thereafter, motor  14  is activated (ST 4 ) to restart taking in magnetic card  6 . After magnetic card  6  is taken in to the position of magnetic head  15 , formed in the card reader (ST 5 ), magnetic head  15  performs reading from or writing onto magnetic card  6  (ST 6 ). 
     In the operation of taking in magnetic card  6  of this embodiment, the operation is temporarily suspended while the back end of magnetic card  6  projects from card slot  5  and is continued after a given period of time. As a result, if an illegal magnetic head  20  is attached to the outside of card slot  5 , such as on the surface of front panel  3 , as indicated with an imaginary line in FIG.  3 ( a ), magnetic card  6  is temporarily stopped and therefore that magnetic head  20  cannot completely read out magnetically recorded information of inserted magnetic card  6 . Therefore, illegal reading out of magnetically recorded information by magnetic head  20  can be prevented. It should be noted, however, that the apparatus is arranged so that stopping the card in this way to prevent illegal reading thereof does not effect the authorized reading of the card by the magnetic head  15 . 
     The following describes ejection of magnetic card  6  in magnetic card reader  1  of this embodiment in reference to a flowchart of FIG.  2 ( b ). Herein, pairs of rollers  11  through  13  start ejection of magnetic card  6  (ST 11 ). When photo sensor  17  detects the back end of magnetic card  6  in the direction of ejection (ST 12 ), the ejection operation is temporarily suspended (ST 13 ). 
     As shown in FIG.  3 ( b ), when photo sensor  17  detects the back end of magnetic card  6 , the front end of magnetic card in the direction of ejection projects out of card slot  5  by a given amount. Also, suspension of ejection of the card is established to be between 100 ms to 500 ms. 
     After the period of suspension passes, motor  14  is started to restart ejection of magnetic card  6  (ST 14 ). Thereafter, photo sensor  18 , located on the side closer to card slot  5  than photo sensor  17 , detects the back end of magnetic card  6  (ST 15 ); then, motor  14  is stopped (ST 16 ). This completes the motorized ejection of the card. 
     Upon completion of motorized ejection of the card, the back end of magnetic card  6  is still held in rollers  11 . As a user lightly pulls magnetic card  6 , it can be removed from card slot  5 . Also, when the user forgets to remove magnetic card  6 , magnetic card  6  can be retrieved to the inside after a given period of time by driving the pair of transferring rollers  11 . 
     In magnetic card reader  1  of this embodiment, when a magnetic card is ejected, the operation of ejection is suspended while the end of the card to be ejected projects from card slot  5 . Therefore, even though illegal magnetic head  20  is attached to the front panel as indicated with an imaginary line in FIG.  3 ( b ), the break in motion prevents magnetically recorded information of magnetic card  6  from being read out by magnetic head  20  as the card  6  is being ejected. 
     According to magnetic card reader  1  of this embodiment, transferring of the card is suspended only once during taking in and once during ejection of the card. However,, one may modify it such that suspension of transferring the card can be repeated twice or more. In other words, one can repeat ST 3 , ST 4  or ST 13 , ST 14  of FIG.  2 . 
     Also, time for suspension of transferring the card is established to be 100 ms to 500 ms in this embodiment. This range of time allows a user to insert a magnetic card without sensing undesired sensations, such as the card being stuck. However, the range of time can be either shorter or longer than the time indicated above. 
     Further Embodiments 
     To prevent reading out of magnetic card  6 , which is inserted or ejected from card slot  5 , by a magnetic head (illegally) attached to the outside of card slot  5 , the following operation to control operation of taking in and ejection of magnetic card can be performed. 
     A first method of control is to temporarily change the movement of magnetic card  6  to the reverse direction during taking in or during ejection of the card. When magnetic card  6  is taken in, a motor is rotated in the reverse direction to temporarily move magnetic card  6  in the reverse direction. Instead of performing ST 3 (suspending the motor) of FIG.  2 ( a ); then, operation of taking in the card is restarted. This reverse motion can be repeated for a plurality of times. 
     When magnetic card  6  is ejected, motor  14  is rotated to temporarily change the direction of motion of magnetic card  6  for a given period of time. Instead of performing ST 13 (suspending the motor) of FIG.  2 ( b ); then, operation of ejection is restarted. The reversal of motion for a short period of time (e.g. 200 ms) can be repeated for a plurality of times. 
     A second method of control is to rotate (start) motor  14  for transferring the card not at the same time of opening of shutter  9 , but after a given period of time such that transferring of magnetic card  6  is temporarily suspended. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, after shutter  9  is opened in ST 22 , a given period of time is counted in ST 23 ; thereafter, motor  15  is rotated (started) in ST 24 . The rest of the process, ST 21 , ST 25 , ST 26  are identical to ST 1 , ST 5 , ST 6  of FIG.  2 ( a ). 
     By delaying rotation (start) of the motor, magnetic card  6  inserted from card slot  5  is temporarily stopped while being inserted between transferring rollers  11  since rollers  11  have not started rotating. Hence, one may prevent recorded information on the magnetic card, which is inserted via the magnetic head illegally attached to the outside of card slot  5 , from being read out. 
     A third method of control is to open shutter  9  after detecting that the end of inserted magnetic card  6  comes in contact with shutter  9  during insertion of the card. 
     Whether magnetic card  6  comes in contact with shutter  9  is detected by detecting a decrease in the output from magnetic head  7  for detecting insertion of a card. When card  6  comes in contact with shutter  9 , the speed of the card to be inserted is lowered wherein the output from magnetic head  7  is lowered or disappears. 
     Also, one may mount detector  30 , such as a micro switch, to detect that magnetic card  6  comes in contact with shutter  9  as indicated with an imaginary line in FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 5 shows a flowchart for operation of taking in a magnetic card in the above establishment. When insertion of magnetic card  6  is detected by magnetic head  7 , motor  15  is rotated (started) (ST 31 , ST 32 ). Then, the output from magnetic head  7  for detecting insertion of a card is lowered or disappears when magnetic card  6  starts to stop or completely stops while being in contact with shutter  9 . By monitoring the output, whether the end of inserted magnetic card  6  comes in contact with shutter  9  can be detected. When it is in contact, the process proceeds from ST 33  to ST 34  wherein shutter  9  is opened. Thereafter, the user pushes in magnetic card  6  further such that the end of magnetic card  6  is held between transferring rollers  11  to start the operation of taking in of the magnetic card (ST 35 ). Then, reading out and writing from / onto magnetic card  6  begins (ST 36 ). 
     In this method of control, magnetic card  6  inserted from card slot  5  is temporary stopped when coming in contact with shutter  9 . Therefore, one can prevent a magnetic head, which is illegally attached to the outside of the card slot, from reading information of the inserted magnetic card. 
     Other Embodiments 
     In the above embodiments, one can prevent an illegally attached magnetic head from reading information on a magnetic card by controlling motion of the magnetic card. One may employ the following configuration with or without the above control of card movement. 
     In the first configuration, a configuration at the outside od card slot opening  4  of front panel  3  is altered such that magneic head  20  cannot be mounted threat. In this case, as shown in FIGS.  6 (a) and  6 (b), a part of slot frame  60 , which defines card slot  5  of magnetic card reader  1 , is projected from opening  4  of front panel  3 . Projection  61  faces a magnetic strip of inserted magnetic card  6 ; it is preferable  61  on both top and bottom thereat in the case of handling a magnetic card having magnetic strips on both sides. 
     This configuration makes illegal mounting of a magnetic head to the outside of card slot  5  difficult or impossible. Therefore, one may prevent a magnetic head from illegal reading out of information on a magnetic card. 
     In a second configuration, illegal reading out can be prevented by detecting whether a foreign object, such as a magnetic head, is illegally attached to card slot opening  4  of the front panel. As shown in FIG. 7, detector  70  is attached on the back side of the front panel at a position in the vicinity of card slot  5 ; detector  70  detects whether a foreign object, such as magnetic head  20 , is illegally attached to the front surface of the front panel. 
     As detector  70 , for example, one may employ a optical reflective sensor shown in FIG. 7; a foreign object on the front surface can be detected forming detection opening  71  on front panel  3 . Instead of a reflective sensor, one may employ a microwave sensor, a metal detecting sensor, or a mechanical sensor such as a micro switch. 
     In a third configuration, even though a magnetic head is illegally mounted at card slot opening  4  of front panel  3 , reading of a magnetic card can be disabled by a disturbance magnetic field generator. As shown in FIG. 8, disturbance magnetic field generator  80 , in which coil  82  is wound around iron core  81 , is attached in the vicinity of card slot  5  to prevent magnetic head  20 , illegally attached to the outside of the front panel, from reading of a magnetic card by generating a disturbance magnetic field. A current in coil  82  can be either direct or alternating. 
     The above describes the present invention in reference to embodiments; however, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, in the above embodiments, the direction of transferring a magnetic card is reversed when the transferring operation is temporarily suspended. However, one may alter the card transferring speed such that it is difficult to read a magnetic strip with a magnetic head. 
     As described above, in a magnetic card transaction apparatus of the present invention, transferring of a magnetic card is either temporarily suspended or the direction of transferring is reversed during the operation of taking in or ejecting the card from a card slot. Therefore, one can prevent reading of a magnetic card by a magnetic head, which is illegally mounted on the outside of the card slot.