Abstract:
An electrical receptacle and junction box apparatus including a stud mounted electrical junction box with stud-attaching screw shoulders having wire apertures with retaining screws and retaining screw fittings for each wire aperture for receiving electrical wiring without wrapping the wiring around screws, a ground strip, a slide-in receptacle or slide-in switch received in the electrical junction box, an electrical connection between the electrical junction box and the slide-in receptacle or slide-in switch unit with elongated prongs, slotted terminals with slot apertures to allow the slide-in receptacle or slide-in switch to move in and out of the electrical junction box and non-conductive bases for embedding the terminals, the ground strip and the retaining screw fittings.

Description:
[0001]    This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/829,053 (“the &#39;053 application”) filed Oct. 11, 2006. The &#39;053 application is incorporated here by reference. 
     
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The present invention relates generally to electrical wiring systems and devices; and more particularly to an improved wireless electrical receptacle and electrical junction box apparatus which is safer, easier to install and replace and more cost effective and efficient to manufacture than conventional wired electrical receptacles. 
         [0003]    The problems related to wiring electrical receptacles, including wall outlets, switches, and similar applications have been well documented. Aside from the costs associated with new construction involving the costs of an electrician and a drywall or plaster technician, there are certain difficulties associated with the repair and replacement of electrical receptacles and occasionally junction boxes. 
         [0004]    Replacement of a conventional receptacle requires that the electrical power to the receptacle be turned off, and all electrical wires be detached before the old receptacle can be removed from the junction box. Replacement requires that the wires be reshaped and reattached to the new receptacle and then squeezed back into the junction box with the chance that one of the wires might break from being bent too much. 
         [0005]    In the event that a junction box must be replaced, this usually means breaking a part of the sheetrock or drywall for access to the box, detaching the wires from the receptacle, pulling the wires out of the junction box, installing a new box, reshaping and sneaking the wires into the new box, reshape the wires again onto the receptacle and squeezing them in place, also with the chance of breakage. The drywall must then be repaired with cutting, installing, taping, floating, sanding, priming, painting and all the mess that goes with it. 
         [0006]    Several inventions have sought to overcome these problems, including: U.S. Pat. No. 6,939,179 which discloses an electrical box that is secured to a stud and is pre-wired to allow a receptacle or switch to be plugged in; U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,617,511 and 6,870,099 which disclose electrical boxes that are pre-wired from the outside and allow switches or receptacles to be plugged in; U.S. Pat. No. 4,165,443, which discloses an electric box that is electrified from the outside that allows receptacles or switches to be plugged in; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,361,333, which discloses a plug-in electrical junction box. 
         [0007]    The foregoing inventions teach very intricate and complicated solutions that do not offer the simplicity of manufacture, safety and ease of installation found in the present invention. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0008]    In accordance with the present invention, an improvement on existing electrical receptacles and junction boxes is disclosed, which is safer, easier to install and replace, and more cost effective to manufacture without compromising quality. 
         [0009]    While the invention generally applies to an electrical receptacle unit or wall outlet unit, it is also intended to apply to light switches, rheostats, circuit breakers, and similar devices, since all of them will fit in the same electrical junction boxes. 
         [0010]    It is a general object of this invention to provide an electrical receptacle and junction box apparatus comprising a stud mounted electrical junction box with stud-attaching screw shoulders having wire apertures with retaining screws and retaining screw fittings for each wire aperture for receiving electrical wiring without wrapping the wiring around screws, a ground strip, a slide-in receptacle or slide-in switch received in the electrical junction box, an electrical connection between the electrical junction box and the slide-in receptacle or slide-in switch unit comprising elongated prongs, slotted terminals with slot apertures to allow the slide-in receptacle or slide-in switch to move in and out of the electrical junction box and non-conductive bases for embedding the terminals, the ground strip and the retaining screw fittings. 
     
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0011]      FIG. 1  is an exploded view of the inventive electrical receptacle and junction box apparatus. 
           [0012]      FIG. 2  is a side of the inventive slide-in receptacle. 
           [0013]      FIG. 3  is a front view of the prongs imbedded in the inventive slide-in receptacle. 
           [0014]      FIG. 4  is a front view of the inventive electrical junction box. 
           [0015]      FIG. 5  is a cross sectional top view of side of inventive electrical junction box in contact with stud showing placement of stud attaching screw. 
           [0016]      FIG. 6  is a side view of the ground strip. 
           [0017]      FIG. 7  is a front view of a terminal. 
           [0018]      FIG. 8  is a side view of a terminal with top and bottom tabs unfolded. 
           [0019]      FIG. 9  is a perspective view of a terminal with top and bottom tabs folded. 
           [0020]      FIG. 10  is a side view of the inventive electrical junction box. 
           [0021]      FIG. 11  is a side cross-sectional view of a retaining screw and wire. 
           [0022]      FIG. 12  is a top view of the inventive electrical junction box. 
           [0023]      FIG. 13  is a rear cross sectional view of the retaining screw showing terminals and ground strip. 
           [0024]      FIG. 14  is a rear view of the inventive electrical junction box. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0025]      FIG. 1  depicts an exploded view of the inventive electrical receptacle and junction box apparatus  1  showing a slide-in receptacle  3  in position for insertion or removal from a junction box  4  fixedly attached to a building stud  5  by means of two stud attaching screws  10 . Receptacle screws  8  hold the slide-in receptacle  3  in place in the junction box  4 . The receptacle screws  8  attach to ground strip tabs  50  as more fully shown in  FIG. 6 . A typical faceplate  2  covers the slide-in receptacle  3  and is held in place by a faceplate screw  7 . 
         [0026]    The slide-in receptacle  3  has a typical socket face  12  with electrical plug apertures  21  and ground plug openings  19 . Also shown is a non-conductive electrical base  11  with rearward extending elongated prongs  9 . While a slide-in receptacle  3  is shown, it is intended that other devices normally installed in wall junction boxes such as light switches and dimmers could be similarly adapted and fitted with a non-conductive electrical base  11  with rearward extending elongated prongs  9  in keeping with the objects of this invention. 
         [0027]    As shown in  FIG. 1 , the junction box  4  has an opening  13  defined by an upper side  22 , a lower side  23 , a left side  25  and a right side  24 . Although not visible in  FIG. 1 , the junction box  4  has a rear side  26 . Although only partially visible in  FIG. 1 , but as will be more fully shown in  FIGS. 4 ,  5 ,  6 ,  10 ,  12  and  14 , the upper side  22  has an inner surface  34  and an outer surface  35 . The right side  24  has an inner surface  38  and an outer surface  39 . The left side  25  has an inner surface  40  and an outer surface  41 . The lower side  23  has an inner surface  36  and an outer surface  37 . The rear side  26  has an outer surface  43  and an inner surface  42 . 
         [0028]    Retaining screws  6  for attachment to the electrical power supply are shown on the outer surface  35  of the upper side  22 , and while not visible in  FIG. 1 , retaining screws  6  are similarly placed on the outer surface  37  of the lower side  23 . 
         [0029]    As depicted in  FIG. 1 , the junction box  4  is fixedly attached to a building stud  5  by means of two stud-attaching screws  10  with the left side  25  adjacent to the building stud  5  and the outer surface  41  of the left side  25  in contact with a right side face  47  of the stud  5 . Although not depicted, the junction box  4  can be similarly fixedly attached to the left side face  49  of the building stud  5  by simply inverting the junction box  4 . As will be more fully described below, the upper side  22  and the lower side  23  are identical and will function interchangeably whether the junction box  4  is fixedly attached to the right side face  47  or the left side face  49 . 
         [0030]    As shown in  FIG. 5 , stud attaching screw shoulders  17  are provided on one vertical side of the junction box  4 . In  FIG. 1 , these screw shoulders  17  and stud attaching screws  10  are shown on the left side  25  of the junction box  4  and the junction box  4  is fixedly attached to the right side face  47  of the stud  5 . If desired to fixedly attach the junction box  4  to the left face side  49  of the stud  5 , the junction box  4  need only be inverted, in which case the screw shoulders  17  would be adjacent to the left side face  49  of the stud and the stud attaching screws  10  are simply driven from the side of the junction box  4  adjacent to the stud  5 . If the junction box  4  was inverted, the upper side  22  as shown in  FIG. 1  would become the lower side  23  and vice versa. Similarly, the right side  24  as should in  FIG. 1  would become the left side  25  and vice versa. It is understood that the designations of right, left, upper and lower refer to the placement of the junction box  4  in a wall and the junction box  4  will function in exactly the same way whether mounted on the right or left side of a stud  5  and no modification is required. 
         [0031]    As also shown in  FIG. 1  and more fully depicted in  FIG. 5 , the stud attaching screws  10  are driven at an angle through the junction box opening  13 . In this way, the stud attaching screws  10  are accessible without the necessity of disturbing or destroying finished wall treatment such as drywall or plaster. Likewise, while typical screws are depicted, it is not intended that any specific fastener or driver be used to fixedly attach the junction box  4  to the stud  5 . Any suitable fastener whether driven by screwdriver, nut driver would suffice. 
         [0032]      FIG. 2  shows a side view of the inventive slide-in receptacle  3 , with a non-conductive receptacle base  11 , and a typical socket face  12 . Unlike a conventional double receptacle, which has screws to attach the electrical wires, the inventive slide-in receptacle  3  has two elongated prongs  9 , eliminating intricately shaped metal parts, screws and tangled up wires. The dashed lines indicate the shape of prong flanges  20  imbedded in the non-conductive receptacle base  11 . The elongated prongs attached to the prong flanges  20  extend from the back of the non-conductive receptacle base  11  which allows for movement of the slide-in receptacle  3  in and out of the junction box  4  to accommodate wall thickness from 0″ up to 1″ if not more. 
         [0033]    The elongated prongs  9  also allow for vertical adjustment. 
         [0034]    In  FIG. 2 , the arrows  14  indicate current flow. Since both of the prong flanges  20  with their elongated prongs  9  are imbedded in the non-conductive receptacle base  11 , they now constitute an integral part of it, and from now on they will function as one integrated part, the slide-in receptacle  3  which is a “Wireless Receptacle.” 
         [0035]      FIG. 3  provides a front view of the prong flanges  20  as imbedded in the non-conductive receptacle base  11 . For clarity, a typical socket face  12  is shown in dashed lines superimposed over the front view of the prong flanges  20 . Also shown are typical electrical plug apertures  21  and ground plug openings  19 . As apparent from this view, an electrical plug inserted into a set of electrical plug apertures  21  will engage the prong flanges  20  to establish an electrical connection to provide electrical power to the device connected to the electrical plug. As more fully described below, the socket face  12  will also serve as a ground connection. 
         [0036]      FIG. 4  shows a front view of the junction box  4  looking into the junction box opening  13 . In this view the rear side  26  of the junction box  4  can be seen, along with the stud attaching screws  10 . Although not shown, with the junction box  4  in this position, the stud  5  would be on the left hand side in contact with the left side  25  of the junction box  4 . 
         [0037]    Also shown in  FIG. 4  are two terminals  15 , each with a terminal slot aperture  28 , intended to receive the elongated prongs  9  of the slide-in receptacle  3 . As depicted in  FIG. 1 , the slide-in receptacle  3  would be held in place with receptacle screws  8  placed through the socket face  12  and inserted in the ground strip tabs  50  at each end of the ground strip  16 , shown in dashed lines. At the ends of each terminal  15  are terminal tabs  27 . While not shown in  FIG. 4 , it is intended that the terminal tabs  27  and the ground strip  16  be imbedded in non-conductive material in proximity to the rear side  26  of the junction box  4  where the rear side  26  meets the upper side  22  and the lower side  23  of the junction box  4 . 
         [0038]      FIG. 5  depicts a cross sectional top view of the left side  25  of the junction box  4  in contact with a stud  5  showing placement of one of the stud attaching screws  10 . This view would be identical for either of the stud attaching screws  10 . As shown, the outer surface  41  of the left side  25  of the junction box  4  is in contact with the right side face  47  of the stud  5 . As previously noted, by inverting the junction box  4 , installation could be made on the left side face  49  of the stud  5 . 
         [0039]    In  FIG. 5 , the left side  25  of the junction box  4  extends beyond the front face  48  of the stud  5  by an amount  44  indicated by arrows. The amount of this extension depends on the thickness of the wall covering such as drywall. Because junction boxes  4  are installed before walls are closed in, it is normal to extend the boxes beyond the studs  5  to allow for finished wall thickness. It is also intended that the rearward extending elongated prongs  9  of the slide-in receptacle  3  would compensate for variations in wall thickness not addressed by the extension  44  of the junction box  4  beyond the front face of the stud  48 . 
         [0040]    As previously shown in  FIG. 1 , the stud attaching screws  10  are intended to be driven from the junction box opening  13 . As shown in  FIG. 5 , a stud attaching screw shoulder  17  for each of the stud attaching screws  10  is provided on the inner surface  40  of the left side  25  of the junction box  4 . The stud attaching screw shoulders  17  are located to guide the stud attaching screws  10  at an angle of approximately 45 degrees from the plane of the left side  25  and are set at a location between the rear side  25  and the front edge of the junction box  4  which will both allow the stud attaching screws to be driven from the junction box opening  13  and allow an extension  44  of the junction box  4  beyond the front face  48  of the stud  5 , which extension would normally not exceed one inch. 
         [0041]    Also shown is a stud attaching screw washer  18  to assist in evenly spreading pressure from the stud attaching screw  10 . 
         [0042]      FIG. 6  is a side view of the ground strip  16  which would normally be aligned between the two terminals  15  and shaped to fit into the junction box  4  with ground strip tabs  50  at the junction box opening, which tabs  50  also serve to receive the receptacle screws  8  for retention of the slide-in receptacle  3  in the junction box  4 . 
         [0043]    Also shown in  FIG. 6  is an upper non-conductive base  32  and a lower non-conductive base  33 , both of which bases serve for placement of a retaining screw fitting  29  more fully described in  FIG. 11  and as upper and lower mountings for the ground strip  16  as well as the terminal tabs  27  shown in  FIG. 4 . As noted above, it is intended that these non-conductive bases be in proximity to the rear side  26  of the junction box  4  where the rear side  26  meets the upper side  22  and the lower side  23  of the junction box  4 . 
         [0044]      FIG. 7  shows a front view of a terminal  15  with terminal tabs  27  folded at a right angle on each end of the terminal  15 . Also shown is a terminal slot aperture  28  intended to receive one of the elongated prongs  9  extending from the slide-in receptacle  3 . The terminal slot aperture  28  may be created by using two conductive strips pressed together to form the terminal  15  with a slotted separation left in the middle portion of the terminal  15 . Another configuration would be to use a longitudinally folded conductive strip crimped in the middle portion and cut to create a slotted aperture. 
         [0045]    As noted above, it is intended that the terminal tabs  27  and the ground strip  16  be imbedded in an upper non-conductive base  32  and a lower non-conductive base  33 , in proximity to the rear side  26  of the junction box  4  where the rear side  26  meets the upper side  22  and the lower side  23  of the junction box  4 . 
         [0046]      FIG. 8  simply depicts a side view of a terminal  15  before the terminal tabs  27  are folded at a right angle. A side view of the terminal slot aperture  28  is also shown. In this depiction, the unfolded tabs are scored and it is intended that the tabs be folded to the same side of the terminal  15 . 
         [0047]      FIG. 9  shows a perspective view of a typical terminal  15  with folded terminal tabs  27  and terminal slot aperture  28  intended to receive one of the elongated prongs  9  extending from the slide-in receptacle  3 . The cross hatching indicates those portions of the terminal  15  which will be imbedded in an upper non-conductive base  32  and a lower non-conductive base  33 , in proximity to the rear side  26  of the junction box  4  where the rear side  26  meets the upper side  22  and the lower side  23  of the junction box  4 . 
         [0048]      FIG. 10  is a side view of a junction box  4  mounted on the right side face  47  of a stud  5  by the use of two stud-retaining screws  10  driven from the junction box opening  13 . Unlike junction boxes in common use today, the inventive junction box  4  has no “nail holders” for hammering the box onto the stud  5 . Furthermore, the inventive junction box  4  has no “knock-out” plugs for insertion of cable, these plugs being replaced by more efficient retaining screws  6  and retaining screw fittings  29  as more fully shown in  FIG. 11 . 
         [0049]    In  FIG. 10  is depicted the outer surface  39  of the right side  24  of the junction box  4 . The placement of the junction box  4  to provide an extension  44  beyond the front face  48  of the stud  5  is also shown. 
         [0050]    The shaded portions at the intersection of the rear side  26  with the upper side  22  and the lower side  23  represent respectively the upper non-conductive base  32  and the lower non-conductive base  33  within the junction box  4 , each base extending from the right side  24  to the left side  25 . It is understood that the non-conductive bases  32  and  33  serve for placement of a retaining screw fitting  29  more fully described in  FIG. 11  and as upper and lower mountings for the ground strip  16  as well as the terminal tabs  27  shown in  FIG. 4 . 
         [0051]    It should be also noted that the junction box  4  shown in  FIG. 10  could just as easily been mounted on the left side face  49  of the stud  5  by simply turning the junction box  4  over so that the stud attaching screws  10  and stud attaching screw shoulders  17  faced the left side face  49  of the stud  5 . The components of the junction box  4  are symmetrical and the box can be used interchangeably on either side of the stud  5 . 
         [0052]    In  FIG. 11  is depicted a cross section of a retaining screw fitting  29  placed in the upper non-conductive base  32  at the intersection of the rear side  26  and the upper side  22  of the junction box  4 . While shown at the upper side  22 , this arrangement is mirrored at the lower side  23 . Likewise this arrangement is repeated for each terminal tab  27  and for the ground strip at both upper and lower ends. 
         [0053]    In this arrangement, electrical contact is made by inserting a bare electrical wire  30 , stripped of insulation  31  into a wire aperture  45  on the rear side  26  of the junction box  4 . The retaining screw  6 , on the upper side  22  or lower side  23  of the junction box  4 , when rotated into the retaining screw fitting, causes contact between the bare electrical wire  30  and a terminal tab  27  or ground strip  16  embedded in the upper or lower non-conductive base,  32  or  33 , as the case may be. 
         [0054]      FIG. 12  shows a top view of a junction box  4  mounted on the left side face  49  of a stud  5 . In this view the retaining screws  6  are shown on the upper side  22  of the junction box  4  with marking to indicate positive, ground and negative. The lower side  23  would be identical to the upper side  22 , with retaining screws  6  and markings for positive, ground and negative. As apparent from the view and previous figures, the two outer retaining screws  6  are intended for connection to the terminal tabs  27  and the central retaining screw  6  connects to the ground strip  16 . This is more fully illustrated in  FIG. 13  which shows a rear cross sectional view of the retaining screw fittings  29  in the upper non-conductive base  32 . In this section, the retaining screws  6  are shown in place in the retaining screw fittings  29  in the upper non-conductive base  32 . The corresponding embedded terminal tabs  27  and ground strip  16  are also shown with polarity indications noted for the terminal tabs  27 . Again, this view is mirrored at the lower side of the junction box  4 . The retaining screws can be headless slotted or Allen head or any kind of fine threaded screw or tin roof screws. 
         [0055]      FIG. 14  is a rear view of the junction box  4  mounted on the left side face  49  of a stud  5 . In this view, upper and lower wire apertures  45  are shown on the rear side  26  of the junction box  4 . Markings for positive, ground and negative are provided and current flow  14  is designated by arrows. Although not seen on  FIG. 14  but shown on  FIG. 12 , on the upper side  22  and the lower side  23 , retaining screws  6  are placed to correspond to the wire apertures  45 . 
         [0056]    In  FIG. 14 , the individual conductor wires of a power cable  46  provide electrical current to a junction box  4  are shown connected to the wire apertures at the lower side  26  of the junction box  4 . If electrical current were to be provided to another junction box from this one, then the connections would simply be made at the wire apertures at the upper side  22  of the junction box  4  and the cable run to the next box. 
         [0057]    Returning to installation, the classic way of installing junction boxes and receptacles, particularly on new construction, is to nail the junction box onto the stud, with the box protruding ½″ to accommodate the dry wall. Then the wires are pulled through “knock out” plugs and squeezed back into the box until the sheetrock is in place. The electrician comes back, pulls the wires out, shapes and secures them on the sides of the receptacle, adjusts and screws the receptacle in place by simultaneously squeezing the wires back into the box. 
         [0058]    If the receptacle needs to be replaced, it is necessary to start all over again, and this time with the power “OFF”. At this point the wires have been shaped and squeezed back into the box three times, increasing the possibility of breakage or short. 
         [0059]    In the present invention the wires on the receptacle have been replaced by elongated “prongs” which are flexible and take up for adjustments, save time for installation, plus being safer. All one has to do with the slide-in receptacle  3  is to remove the face plate  2  with one screw  7 , undo the two receptacle screws  8 , slide the old receptacle out, slide the new one in, and adjust it back in place. 
         [0060]    The same holds true when you install sheetrock upon sheetrock, as sometimes happens. Even with power “ON”. Now, when it comes to the box, the wires are first secured on it, then the box is aligned against the stud  5 , the stud attaching screws  10  are tapped into the stud  5  to get a “bite” and then secured in place, all done at once. The wires now on the box, behind the wall, will probably never be touched again, which also makes the installation safer since there is no reshaping and bending, another reason why the wires are screwed onto the box. 
         [0061]    The above procedure also holds true in the very unlikely event a junction box needs to be replaced. With power “OFF” the two attaching screws are driven out, the box would be slowly pulled out to provide access to the wires, which one might have to bend slightly; one by one the wires would be moved from the old box to the new and then the box would be put back in its original position, using the same stud attaching screws to secure it on the stud again. This is why the nails have been eliminated and replaced by the two attaching screws driven from inside the box. 
         [0062]    If the above procedure had to be done in the classic way, one should have to break part of the wall for access to the box, replace it, tape, float, sand, prime, and paint the wall with all the mess, which translates into extra work, expense and time. The installation of inventive box can be done even with the sheetrock already in place. 
         [0063]    The inventive electrical receptacle and junction box apparatus offers several distinct advantages including safety, ease of installation and removal and simplicity of manufacture. The inventive apparatus essentially requires only five metal parts including two identical prongs, two identical terminals and one ground strip.