Abstract:
A manufacturing method of semiconductor device includes: forming a nitride film above a silicon substrate including a first region and a second region which respectively correspond to an outside of a memory cell region and the memory cell region; forming trenches reaching from the nitride film to the silicon substrate; retreating the nitride film such that widths of the trenches at the nitride film become wider; forming a buried oxide film to be buried in the trenches after the retreating; polishing the buried oxide film with the nitride film being used as a stopper; removing the nitride film after the polishing; implanting impurity after the removing; forming gate electrodes after the implanting; and implanting impurity after the forming the gate electrodes.

Description:
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE 
       [0001]    This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from Japanese patent application No. 2007-260536, filed on Oct. 4, 2007, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirely by reference. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0003]    The present invention relates to a semiconductor device, particularly to a semiconductor device in which shallow trench isolation (STI) is formed for element isolation. 
         [0004]    2. Description of Related Art 
         [0005]    In order to highly integrate a semiconductor device, STI is employed which can provide a narrow element isolation region. However, a problem is pointed out that a divot (a groove-like step or a dimple) is generated in a dielectric film buried in a trench. 
         [0006]    Japanese Laid Open Patent Application (JP-P2000-323563A) discloses a manufacturing method of semiconductor device for preventing the generation of divot. In this manufacturing method, an oxide film is formed on a silicon substrate, an antioxidation film such as a silicon nitride film is formed on the oxide film, a trench for element isolation is formed in the silicon substrate through the antioxidation film and the oxide film, and a dielectric film is formed to be buried in the trench after retreating the antioxidation film by isotropic etching. The antioxidation film is used as a stopper for chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) of the dielectric film. After the CMP, the antioxidation film is removed and wet etching is applied to the oxide film. In this manufacturing method, since the dielectric film is formed after the retreat of the antioxidation film, the dielectric film is formed on also a portion of the oxide film exposed by the retreat. As a result, the portion of the oxide film under the dielectric film is prevented from being removed in the wet etching and generation of divot is prevented in the dielectric film buried in the trench. 
         [0007]    Japanese Laid Open Patent Application (JP-P2003-77934A) discloses an oblique impurity implantation. In the oblique implantation, impurity of the same type as a substrate impurity is implanted in the oblique direction into a substrate with a gate being used as a mask. The oblique implantation can effectively prevent a short channel effect. 
         [0008]    The present inventor has recognized as follows. 
         [0009]    When the above mentioned process of forming the dielectric film after the retreat of the antioxidation film is applied to manufacture of a semiconductor device including a memory cell region in which memory cells are formed and an outside of the memory cell region, there is a possibility that the following problems are caused. In general, a distance between trenches for element isolation is wider in the outside of the memory cell region than in the memory cell region. Therefore, width of a portion of an antioxidation film above a portion of a silicon substrate between the trenches is narrow in the memory cell region and wide in the outside of the memory cell region. Here, the distance between the trenches corresponds to channel width of a transistor. When the antioxidation film is retreated, a ratio (W 1 /W 2 ) of width (W 1 ) of the portion of the antioxidation film in the memory cell region relative to width (W 2 ) of the portion of the antioxidation film in the outside of the memory cell region is decreased. Therefore, when impurity for adjusting a threshold voltage of the transistor is implanted into the silicon substrate from a opening formed by removing the antioxidation film, an implantation condition for achieving a proper amount of implanted impurity in the outside of the memory cell region may cause an insufficient amount of implanted impurity in the memory cell region. That is, although the generation of divot can be prevented by forming the dielectric film after the retreat of the antioxidation film, it is difficult to adjust the threshold voltage of the transistor to be a desired value in both the memory cell region and the outside of the memory cell region. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0010]    In one embodiment, a manufacturing method of semiconductor device includes: forming a nitride film above a silicon substrate including a first region and a second region which respectively correspond to an outside of a memory cell region and the memory cell region; forming trenches reaching from the nitride film to the silicon substrate; retreating the nitride film such that widths of the trenches at the nitride film become wider; forming a buried oxide film to be buried in the trenches after the retreating; polishing the buried oxide film with the nitride film being used as a stopper; removing the nitride film after the polishing; implanting impurity after the removing; forming gate electrodes after the implanting; and implanting impurity after the forming the gate electrodes. The trenches include two of first trenches and two of second trenches. The two first trenches are adjacent to each other and formed in the first region. The two second trenches are adjacent to each other and formed in the second region. A portion of the nitride film above a first portion of the silicon substrate between the two first trenches is left in the retreating. A portion of the nitride film above a second portion of the silicon substrate between the two second trenches is removed in there treating. Impurity for adjusting a threshold voltage of a first transistor to be formed in the outside of the memory cell region is implanted into the first portion in the implanting impurity after the removing. A first gate electrode is formed above the first portion and a second gate electrode is formed above the second portion in the forming the gate electrodes. 
         [0011]    According to the present invention, generation of a divot in the buried oxide film is prevented and both of the threshold voltage of the first transistor formed in the outside of the memory cell region and the threshold voltage of the second transistor formed in the memory cell region can be adjusted to be desired values. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0012]    The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description of certain preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
           [0013]      FIG. 1  is a plan view of a semiconductor wafer according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0014]      FIG. 2  is a plan view of a transistor formed in an outside of a memory cell region of the semiconductor wafer; 
           [0015]      FIG. 3  is a plan view of a transistor formed in the memory cell region of the semiconductor wafer; 
           [0016]      FIGS. 4A to 4E  are sectional views of the semiconductor wafer in the outside of the memory cell region in order of process of a manufacturing method of semiconductor device according to the present embodiment; and 
           [0017]      FIGS. 5A to 5E  are sectional views of the semiconductor wafer in the memory cell region in order of process of the manufacturing method of semiconductor device according to the present embodiment. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0018]    The invention will be now described herein with reference to illustrative embodiments. Those skilled in the art will recognize that many alternative embodiments can be accomplished using the teachings of the present invention and that the invention is not limited to the embodiments illustrated for explanatory purposes. 
         [0019]    Referring to the attached drawings, a manufacturing method of semiconductor device according to embodiments of the present invention will be described bellow. 
         [0020]      FIG. 1  is a plan view of a semiconductor wafer  1  according to an embodiment of the present invention. The semiconductor wafer  1  includes a plurality of pellet corresponding areas  2 . Each of the pellet corresponding areas  2  includes a memory cell region  4  in which memory cells are formed and an outside of the memory cell region,  3  as a region other than the memory cell region  4 . Each of the pellet corresponding areas  2  corresponds to one pellet. Each pellet is packaged to provide a semiconductor device. SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) is an example of the semiconductor device. 
         [0021]      FIG. 2  shows a plan view of a transistor formed in the outside  3 .  FIG. 2  shows an X1 axis and an Y1 axis which are orthogonal to each other. The direction of channel length of the transistor is parallel to the X1 axis. The direction of channel width of the transistor is parallel to the Y1 axis. In the outside  3 , a gate electrode  71  of the transistor is provided above a diffusion layer  81 . The gate electrode  71  extends along a straight line parallel to the Y1 axis. 
         [0022]      FIG. 3  shows a plan view of a transistor formed in the memory cell region  4 .  FIG. 3  shows an X2 axis and an Y2 axis which are orthogonal to each other. The direction of channel length of the transistor is parallel to the X2 axis. The direction of channel width of the transistor is parallel to the Y2 axis. In the memory cell region  4 , a gate electrode  72  of the transistor is provided above a diffusion layer  82 . The gate electrode  72  extends along a straight line parallel to the Y2 axis. The diffusion layer  82  extends along a straight line parallel to the X2 axis. 
         [0023]    Hereinafter, referring to  FIGS. 4A to 4E  and  FIGS. 5A to 5E , a process for manufacturing the semiconductor wafer  1  shown in  FIGS. 1 to 3  will be described.  FIGS. 4A to 4E  show sectional views of the semiconductor wafer  1  in the outside  3  in order of the process.  FIGS. 5A to 5E  show sectional views of the semiconductor wafer  1  in the memory cell region  4  in order of the process. 
         [0024]    Here,  FIGS. 4A to 4D  are sectional views along a cut line A-A′ shown in  FIG. 2 . The cut line A-A′ is parallel to the Y1 axis.  FIG. 4E  is a sectional view along a cut line C-C′ shown in  FIG. 2 . The cut line C-C′ is parallel to the X1 axis.  FIGS. 5A to 5D  are sectional views along a cut line B-B′ shown in  FIG. 3 . The cut line B-B′ is parallel to the Y2 axis.  FIG. 5E  is the sectional view along a cut line D-D′ shown in  FIG. 3 . The cut line D-D′ is parallel to the X2 axis. 
         [0025]    As shown in  FIGS. 4A and 5A , a silicon oxide film  20  is formed on a silicon substrate  10 , and a silicon nitride film  30  is formed on the silicon oxide film  20 . The silicon oxide film  20  is formed by thermally oxidizing the silicon substrate  10  for example. The silicon substrate  10  includes a first region corresponding to the outside  3  and a second region corresponding to the memory cell region  4 . The first region is a region to be a portion of the outside  3 . The second region is a region to be a portion of the memory cell region  4 . Then, trenches  41  and  42  are formed which reach from the silicon nitride film  30  to the silicon substrate  10 . 
         [0026]    As shown in  FIG. 4A , the trenches  41  are formed in the first region of the silicon substrate  10 . Two of the trenches  41  are provided to be adjacent to each other in the direction of the Y1 axis. The first region of the silicon substrate  10  includes a first portion  11  as a portion between the two trenches  41  adjacent to each other. A width W 11  along the Y1 axis of a portion of the silicon nitride film  30  above the first portion  11  is substantially equal to a width along the Y1 axis of the first portion  11 . The width along the Y1 axis of the first portion  11  is substantially equal to the channel width of the transistor to be formed in the outside  3 . 
         [0027]    As shown in  FIG. 5A , the trenches  42  are formed in the second region of the silicon substrate  10 . Two of the trenches  42  are provided to be adjacent to each other in the direction of the Y2 axis. The second region of the silicon substrate  10  includes a second portion  12  as a portion between the two trenches  42  adjacent to each other. A width W 12  along the Y2 axis of a portion of the silicon nitride film  30  above the second portion  12  is substantially equal to a width along the Y2 axis of the second portion  12 . The width along the Y2 axis of the second portion  12  is substantially equal to the channel width of the transistor to be formed in the memory cell region  4 . 
         [0028]    The channel width of the transistor to be formed in the outside  3  is wider than the channel width of the transistor to be formed in the memory cell region  4 . 
         [0029]    After that, as shown in  FIGS. 4B and 5B , the silicon nitride film  30  is retreated, an buried oxide film  50  is formed to be buried in the trenches  41  and  42 , the buried oxide film  50  is polished by CMP with the silicon nitride film  30  being used as a stopper, and then wet etching is applied to the buried oxide film  50 . The buried oxide film  50  is a dielectric film such as a silicon oxide film. Portions of the buried oxide film  50  buried in the trenches  41  and portions of the buried oxide film  50  buried in the trenches  42  function for element isolation. 
         [0030]    The retreat of the silicon nitride film  30  is performed such that width W 41  in the Y1 direction of the trench  41  at the silicon nitride film  30  is widened and width W 42  in the Y2 direction of the trench  42  at the silicon nitride film  30  is widened. For example, the silicon nitride film  30  is retreated by isotropic dry etching. At this time, the portion of the silicon nitride film  30  above the first portion  11  is left and the portion of the silicon nitride film  30  above the second portion  12  is removed. That is, the silicon nitride film  30  is retreated such that double of retreat length  6  along the Y1 axis of the portion of the silicon nitride film  30  above the first portion  11  is larger than the width W 12  ( FIG. 5A ) along the Y2 axis of the portion of the silicon nitride film  30  above the second portion  12  before the retreat. Here, the width W 11  along the Y1 axis of the portion of the silicon nitride film  30  above the first portion  11  after the retreat shown in  FIG. 4B  is smaller than the width W 11  before the retreat shown in  FIG. 4B  by 2δ. 
         [0031]    Since the channel width of the transistor to be formed in the outside  3  is larger than the channel width of the transistor to be formed in the memory cell region  4 , it is easy to leave the portion of the silicon nitride film  30  above the first portion  11  and remove the portion of the silicon nitride film  30  above the second portion  12 . 
         [0032]    By wet-etching the buried oxide film  50 , a thickness H of a portion of the buried oxide film  50  on the silicon oxide film  20  is adjusted to be a desired value. 
         [0033]    As shown in  FIG. 4B , the silicon oxide film  20  on the first portion includes an adjacent portion adjacent to the trench  41  and a central portion far from the trench  41 . The adjacent portion is covered by the buried oxide film  50 . The central portion is covered by the retreated silicon nitride film  30 . Meanwhile, as shown in  FIG. 5B , whole of the silicon oxide film  20  on the second portion  12 , which includes an adjacent portion adjacent to the trench  42  and a central portion far from the trench  42 , is covered by the buried oxide film  50 . 
         [0034]    After that, as shown in  FIGS. 4C and 5C , the portion of the silicon nitride film  30  above the first portion  11  and the portion of the silicon oxide film  20  under that portion are removed, and impurity for adjusting a threshold voltage of the transistor to be formed in the outside  3  is implanted into the first portion  11  to form the diffusion layer  81  in the first portion  11 . 
         [0035]    The portion of the silicon nitride film  30  above the first portion  11  and the portion of the silicon oxide film  20  under that portion are removed by wet etching, for example. At this time, the portion of the buried oxide film  50  above the first portion  11  and the portion of the silicon oxide film  20  under that portion are not removed; and the portion of the buried oxide film  50  above the second portion  12  and the portion of the silicon oxide film  20  under that portion are not removed. As a result, an opening is formed on the first portion  11  by removing the portion of the silicon nitride film  30  and the portion of the silicon oxide film  20  under that portion. Meanwhile, no opening is formed on the second portion  12 . 
         [0036]    The impurity is implanted from the opening into the first portion  11 . At this time, the implantation of impurity into the second portion  12  is prevented by the portion of the buried oxide film  50  above the second portion  12 . 
         [0037]    After that, as shown in  FIGS. 4D and 5D , after forming a new oxide film and wet-etching, the gate electrode  71  is formed above the first portion  11  and the gate electrode  72  is formed above the second portion  12 . The new oxide film, the silicon oxide film  20  and the buried oxide film  50  are shown as a silicon oxide film  60 . A portion of the silicon oxide film  60  between the first portion  11  and the gate electrode  71  and a portion of the silicon oxide film  60  between the second portion  12  and the gate electrode  72  function as gate dielectric films. 
         [0038]    After that, as shown in  FIG. 5E , impurity for adjusting a threshold voltage of the transistor to be formed in the memory cell region  4  is implanted into the second portion  12  to form the diffusion layer  82  in the second portion  12 . The impurity is implanted into the second portion  12  by (rotation) oblique ion implantation. In the oblique ion implantation, the impurity is implanted in the oblique direction with the gate electrode  72  being used as a mask. As a result, concentration distribution of the impurity in the diffusion layer  82  has peaks at deep locations beneath a source end and a drain end of the channel. Therefore, a short channel effect is suppressed. 
         [0039]    A Width W 71  in the direction of the X1 axis of the gate electrode  71  is substantially equal to the channel length of the transistor to be formed in the outside  3 . A width W 72  in the direction of the X2 axis of the gate electrode  72  is substantially equal to the channel length of the transistor to be formed in the memory cell region  4 . 
         [0040]    When the channel length of the transistor to be formed in the memory cell region  4  is shorter than the channel length of the transistor to be formed in the outside  3 , it is relatively easy to implant the impurity into the second portion  12  by the oblique ion implantation. 
         [0041]    When the impurity is implanted into the second portion  12  as shown in  FIG. 5E , no impurity is implanted into the first portion  11  as shown in  FIG. 4E . 
         [0042]    In the embodiment of the present invention, since the silicon nitride film  30  is retreated, generation of a divot in the oxide film buried in the trenches  41  and  42  is prevented. 
         [0043]    Further, since the implantation of the impurity into the first portion  11  is performed separately from the implantation of the impurity into the second portion  12 , it is easy to adjust both the threshold voltage of the transistor to be formed in the outside  3  and the threshold voltage of the transistor to be formed in the memory cell region  4  to be desired values. 
         [0044]    It is apparent that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but may be modified and changed without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.