Abstract:
A method for the biological control of  Lasioderma serricorne  and a method for the mass rearing of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  are disclosed. The method for the biological control of  Lasioderma serricorne  includes introducing  Anisopteromalus apiovorus , which is a natural enemy of  Lasioderma serricorne , to a source of  Lasioderma serricorne . The method for the mass rearing of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  includes inducing  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  to lay eggs on larvae of  Lasioderma serricorne , and allowing the eggs laid by the  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  to emerge into adult insects.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS AND CLAIM OF PRIORITY 
       [0001]    The present application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2014-0096180, filed Jul. 29, 2014 in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    1. Technical Field 
         [0003]    The present disclosure relates to a method for controlling  Lasioderma serricorne  using  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  and a method for the mass rearing of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus.    
         [0004]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0005]      Lasioderma serricorne  and Ephestia elutella are known as major insect pests that cause damage to tobacco, and about 0.7% of all tobacco products that are distributed in the USA are lost due to damage caused by the two insect pests (USDA, 1972; Stored tobacco insect-Biology and control-Agriculture handbook No. 233). Of them,  Lasioderma serricorne  causes damage to tobacco products and tobacco raw materials in all developmental stages thereof, and major damage occurs in the larval stages. Particularly, this insect pest forms small cylindrical tunnels into tobacco products and enters the cylindrical tunnels, and then the cylindrical tunnels are filled with a mass of dust and excrement, thus causing consumer complaints. In addition to tobacco,  Lasioderma serricorne  also causes damage to grains such as rice, wheat bran and starch, paper, and dried plants such as dried figs, powdered red pepper, ginger, curry powder, raisins, saffron and licorice, as well as dried fishes, clothes and wood (Runner, 1919; The tobacco beetle: An important pest in tobacco product. U.S. Dep. Agric. Cir. 737). 
         [0006]    Furthermore, adult  Lasioderma serricorne  is known to cause damage to food packaging materials by perforating them (Mahroof, 2008; Life history parameters of  Lasioderma  (F.) as influenced by food sources. Journal of Stored products Research 44(3) 219-226). Moreover, since adult  Lasioderma serricorne  perforates and invades food packaging materials and propagates therein, the dead bodies and shells of  Lasioderma serricorne  remain in the food (Cabrera, 2007, Featured Creatures; Entomology &amp; Nematology. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. EENY-227. USA). As described above,  Lasioderma serricorne  lives on a wide range of materials and has an excellent ability to survive, and thus is known as an insect pest that causes serious economic damage. 
         [0007]    Since  Lasioderma serricorne  is closely related to foods or favorite items that are consumed by humans, chemical control methods cannot be used to control  Lasioderma serricorne . Methods that use radiation or low-temperature storage can be used to control  Lasioderma serricorne , but are difficult to put into practical use because these methods incur high costs. In addition, biological control methods that use natural enemies can be effectively used to control insect pests because they pose no risk of residual pesticides, and thus are harmless to the human body and are environmentally friendly. However, the use of natural enemies in biological control methods is significantly limited because there are currently few insect species having clearly established relationships between insect pests and their natural enemies, and studies on these relationships have been insufficient. 
         [0008]    Accordingly, the present inventors have conducted extensive studies to control  Lasioderma serricorne , and, as a result, have found that, when  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  lays eggs on larvae of  Lasioderma serricorne  and the laid eggs hatch and parasitize the larvae of  Lasioderma serricorne, Lasioderma serricorne  will be very effectively controlled, and also have elucidated the mechanism of biological control of the insect pest  Lasioderma serricorne  by its natural enemy  Anisopteromalus apiovorus , resulting in the completion of the present invention. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0009]    At least one embodiment of the present disclosure is intended to provide a method for controlling  Lasioderma serricorne  using  Anisopteromalus apiovorus , which is harmless to the human body and can control  Lasioderma serricorne  in an environmentally friendly and effective way. 
         [0010]    At least one embodiment of the present disclosure is intended to provide a method for mass rearing of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  using  Lasioderma serricorne  larvae, which is used in the method for controlling  Lasioderma serricorne.    
         [0011]    In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for biological control of  Lasioderma serricorne , the method including introducing  Anisopteromalus apiovorus , which is a natural enemy of  Lasioderma serricorne , to the source of  Lasioderma serricorne.    
         [0012]      Anisopteromalus apiovorus  that is used in the present disclosure refers to parasitic wasps whose females lay eggs on larvae of other insects to propagate offspring. It was a new species native to the African continent, and was reported in 1988. The distribution of this insect in areas other than the African continent has not yet been reported. Although  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  has not yet been reported in Korea, the present inventors have found that  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  is different in the antenna funicle length from the allied species  Anisopteromalus calandrae , and has a body length of about 2-2.8 mm, a golden black color throughout the body, and yellowish-white hair that grown thick, and thus it is the same as described in the original description (Rasplus, 1988 Bullutin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 93, 119-127). Also, based on the results of analysis of the mitochondrial CO1 gene, the present inventors have demonstrated that  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  is a species different from the allied species  Anisopteromalus calandrae . In addition, it was found that  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  was parasitic on  Lasioderma serricorne  as its host and thus the present inventors named it in Korean “Kwon-yeon-beol-le-sa-ri-geum-zom-beol.” 
         [0013]    In the present disclosure, the source of  Lasioderma serricorne  may be any habitat, such as processed food, dried agricultural products, tobacco or wood, in which  Lasioderma serricorne  can live. Thus, the source of  Lasioderma serricorne  is not specifically limited. The source of  Lasioderma serricorne  may be selected from the group consisting of grains, processed grain products, stored tobacco, processed tobacco products, zoological/botanical specimens, herbal medicines, herbs, spice, dried fishes, wood, paper, a facility for storing these items, and a facility for processing these items. 
         [0014]    In the present disclosure,  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  exhibits characteristics in that it lays eggs on larvae of  Lasioderma serricorne  and the laid eggs hatch and is parasitic on  Lasioderma serricorne.    
         [0015]    In view of the efficiency of control, the number of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  introduced per individual of  Lasioderma serricorne  is preferably 0.01 to 0.1, and more preferably 0.038 to 0.043. 
         [0016]    In an embodiment of the present disclosure, it was found that, when 5 individuals of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  were introduced to an experimental group having a host density of 150 individuals ( Lasioderma serricorne ), the control rate of the hosts was 98.4%, and when 3 individuals of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  were introduced to an experimental group having a host density of 75 individuals ( Lasioderma serricorne ), the control rate of the hosts was 98.2%. From these results, it can be seen that, in the experimental group having a host density of 150 individuals ( Lasioderma serricorne ), about 26 host individuals per individual of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  can be controlled, and thus 0.038 individuals of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  are required to control one individual of  Lasioderma serricorne . In addition, in the experimental group having a host density of 75 individuals ( Lasioderma serricorne ), about 23 host individuals per individual of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  can be controlled, and thus 0.043 individuals of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  are required to control one individual of  Lasioderma serricorne.    
         [0017]    In another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for mass rearing of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus , the method including inducing  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  to lay eggs on larvae of  Lasioderma serricorne ; and allowing the eggs laid by the  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  to emerge into adult insects. 
         [0018]    In the present disclosure, inducing the  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  to lay eggs and allowing the laid eggs to emerge may be both performed at a temperature of 28 to 38° C., preferably 30 to 36° C., and more preferably 34±0.5° C. 
         [0019]    In an embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to measure the development rate of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  in each developmental stage at varying temperatures, the developmental stage of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  was observed at 24-hour intervals while  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  was stored at temperatures of 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 and 38±0.5° C. and a relative humidity of 70 to 75% under a 12-hr light/12-hr dark cycle, and, as a result, it was found that the optimum temperature that exhibited the shortest life cycle is 34±0.5° C. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
         [0020]    The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying figures, in which: 
           [0021]      FIG. 1  is a view illustrating a difference in antenna between  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  and  Anisopteromalus calandrae;    
           [0022]      FIG. 2  is a view showing the comparison of the nucleotide sequence of mitochondrial CO1 gene between  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  and  Anisopteromalus calandrae;    
           [0023]      FIG. 3  is a view illustrating that  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  lays eggs on larvae of  Lasioderma serricorne;    
           [0024]      FIG. 4  is a view illustrating that eggs laid on larvae of  Lasioderma serricorne  are parasitic on the larvae after hatching; 
           [0025]      FIG. 5  is a graph showing the number of eggs laid by  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  as a function of the age of adult insects of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus ; and 
           [0026]      FIG. 6  is a graph showing the effects of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  on the biological control of  Lasioderma serricorne.    
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0027]    The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to examples. It is to be appreciated, however, that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. 
       Example 1 
     Taxonomic Examination of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus    
       [0028]    In order to distinguish  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  from other allied species, the following experiment was performed. 
         [0029]    In November 2012, a wasp parasitic on  Lasioderma serricorne  as its host was found in Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea, and collected using an insect net and a suction tube aspirator. The collected parasitic wasp was compared with allied species and the original description (Rasplus, 1988 Bullutin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 93, 119-127) to examine whether it was reported in Korea. In addition, the morphological characteristics of the collected parasitic wasp were observed using a stereoscopic microscope (Zeiss Stemi SV 11 Apo). Also, the mitochondrial CO1 gene was analyzed by a molecular biological method, and, as a result, it was demonstrated that  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  is a specific different from the allied species  Anisopteromalus calandrae  distributed in Korea. The collected parasitic wasp had a body length of about 2 to 2.8 mm, a golden black color throughout the body, and yellowish white hair that grown thick. As shown in  FIG. 1 ,  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  had a difference in antenna funicle length from the allied species  Anisopteromalus calandrae  distributed in Korea. In addition, as shown in  FIG. 2 , the nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial CO1 gene of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  had an identity of 87% with that of  Anisopteromalus calandrae , suggesting that it was a species different from  Anisopteromalus calandrae . Because the collected parasitic wasp was a species of the genus  Anisopteromalus  of the family Pteromalidae, had not yet reported in Korea and was parasitic on  Lasioderma serricorne  as its host, it was named in Korean “Kwon-yeon-beol-le-sa-ri-geum-zom-beol.” 
       Example 2 
     Conditions for Rearing of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus    
       [0030]    In a plastic cage for insects (100 mm diameter×40 mm height), last-stage larvae of  Lasioderma serricorne  having a head capsule width of 0.65±0.05 mm were used as hosts. More specifically, 50 individuals of  Lasioderma serricorne  and 5 g of artificial feed were placed in a plastic cage, and then 4 pairs of female and male  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  within 24 hours after emergence were placed in the cage and induced to lay eggs on larvae of the  Lasioderma serricorne  for 120 hours at a temperature of 30±0.5° C. and a relative humidity of 70 to 75% under a 12-hr light/12-hr dark cycle. The  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  that laid eggs was removed from the cage, and the cage was maintained under the same environmental conditions as above, after which the emerged parasitic  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  individuals were separated and collected at 24-hr intervals.  FIG. 3  illustrates that  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  lays eggs on  Lasioderma serricorne  larvae, and  FIG. 4  illustrates that the laid eggs are parasitic on  Lasioderma serricorne  after hatching. 
       Example 3 
     Measurement of Developmental Rate in Each Developmental Stage at Varying Temperatures 
       [0031]    100 last-stage larvae of  Lasioderma serricorne  were placed in an insect breeding dish (120 mm diameter×80 mm height) which was then placed in an acrylic cage (300 mm width×300 mm length×300 mm height). Next, 10 individuals of female  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  were placed in the cage and induced to lay eggs on the  Lasioderma serricorne  larvae. After 24 hours, the insect breeding dish was taken out of the cage, and  Lasioderma serricorne  larvae having  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  eggs laid thereon were separated from the insect breeding dish under a stereoscopic microscope. Each of 20  Lasioderma serricorne  larvae having  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  eggs laid thereon was placed in each well of a 24-well plate which was then covered. Next, the  Lasioderma serricorne  larvae were stored at temperatures of 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 and 38±0.5° C. and a relative humidity of 70-75% under a 12-hr light/12-hr dark cycle while the time (days) taken for the  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  to develop into eggs, larvae, pupae and adult insects was observed at 24-hr intervals. After emergence into adult insects, the individuals were classified into male and female. In addition, the experiment for the measurement of developmental rate at each temperature was repeated four times. The results of the measurement are shown in Table 1 below. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Temperature 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 (° C.) 
                 N 
                 Sex 
                 Egg 
                 Larva 
                 Pupa 
                 Total 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 18 
                 31 
                 F 
                 5.323 ± 0.653 
                 15.741 ± 2.556  
                 20.419 ± 1.098  
                 41.484 ± 3.140 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 M 
                 5.571 ± 0.535 
                 17.286 ± 1.604  
                 19.714 ± 2.059  
                 42.571 ± 3.867 
               
               
                 20 
                 36 
                 F 
                 3.944 ± 1.827 
                 14.889 ± 1.897  
                 17.861 ± 0.672  
                 36.694 ± 1.827 
               
               
                   
                 8 
                 M 
                 4.125 ± 0.354 
                 14.625 ± 1.302  
                 17.625 ± 0.744  
                 36.638 ± 1.733 
               
               
                 22 
                 37 
                 F 
                 3.316 ± 0.435 
                 11.895 ± 1.381  
                 14.263 ± 0.684  
                 29.474 ± 1.827 
               
               
                   
                 9 
                 M 
                 3.400 ± 0.516 
                 11.600 ± 1.430  
                 13.400 ± 1.075  
                 28.400 ± 1.955 
               
               
                 24 
                 35 
                 F 
                 2.486 ± 0.507 
                 9.829 ± 1.723 
                 13.029 ± 0.664  
                 25.343 ± 2.195 
               
               
                   
                 18 
                 M 
                 2.389 ± 0.507 
                 9.278 ± 1.121 
                 12.611 ± 0.870  
                 24.278 ± 1.770 
               
               
                 26 
                 30 
                 F 
                 1.655 ± 0.485 
                 8.655 ± 0.836 
                 11.621 ± 1.107  
                 21.931 ± 1.297 
               
               
                   
                 18 
                 M 
                  l.833 ± 0.383 
                 6.889 ± 1.023 
                 10.889 ± 1.132  
                 21.611 ± 1.290 
               
               
                 28 
                 43 
                 F 
                 1.442 ± 0.054 
                 6.628 ± 0.914 
                 9.907 ± 0.842 
                 17.977 ± 1.070 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 M 
                 1.286 ± 0.488 
                 6.714 ± 0.951 
                 9.714 ± 0.488 
                 17.714 ± 1.254 
               
               
                 30 
                 42 
                 F 
                 1.268 ± 0.435 
                 6.038 ± 1.221 
                 8.707 ± 0.618 
                 16.073 ± 1.321 
               
               
                   
                 14 
                 M 
                 1.286 ± 0.469 
                 6.143 ± 1.292 
                 8.714 ± 0.611 
                 16.143 ± 1.460 
               
               
                 32 
                 38 
                 F 
                 1.079 ± 0.232 
                 5.316 ± 0.577 
                 8.263 ± 0.604 
                 14.658 ± 0.871 
               
               
                   
                 18 
                 M 
                 1.278 ± 0.575 
                 6.111 ± 2.026 
                 7.833 ± 0.924 
                 15.222 ± 2.211 
               
               
                 34 
                 24 
                 F 
                 1.083 ± 0.282 
                 5.125 ± 0.797 
                 8.375 ± 0.576 
                 14.583 ± 0.766 
               
               
                   
                 20 
                 M 
                 1.150 ± 0.351 
                 5.650 ± 0.854 
                 7.900 ± 0.617 
                 14.700 ± 0.767 
               
               
                 36 
                 23 
                 F 
                 1.174 ± 0.388 
                 5.826 ± 0.650 
                 8.130 ± 0.626 
                 15.130 ± 0.968 
               
               
                   
                 11 
                 M 
                 1.182 ± 0.405 
                 6.182 ± 0.405 
                 8.182 ± 0.603 
                 15.545 ± 0.934 
               
               
                 38 
                 25 
                 F 
                 1.360 ± 0.490 
                 6.840 ± 1.375 
                 8.560 ± 0.768 
                 16.760 ± 1.615 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 M 
                 1.657 ± 0.516 
                 6.833 ± 0.753 
                 8.333 ± 0.816 
                 16.833 ± 1.329 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0032]    As can be seen in Table 1 above, at a temperature ranging from 18° C. to 26±0.5° C., the time it takes for eggs to emerge into adult insects was about 20 to 40 days, and at a temperature higher than 28° C., the emergence time was shorter. Also, it was found that the optimum temperature that exhibited the shortest life cycle was 34±0.5° C. 
       Example 4 
     Measurement of Average Lifespan of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  and Number of Eggs Laid by  Anisopteromalus apiovorus    
       [0033]      Anisopteromalus apiovorus  was reared at a temperature of 30±0.5° C. and a relative humidity of 70 to 75% under a 12-hr light/12-hr dark cycle as described in Examples 2 and 3, and the average lifespan of the reared females and males was measured. Also, the number of eggs laid by female  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  during 1-18 days after mating with male  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  was measured. As a result, it was found that the average lifespan was 14.4±3.6 days for females and 9.1±1.2 days for males. 
         [0034]    In addition, as shown in  FIG. 5 , the total number of eggs laid by female  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  was 35.1±13.5, and the number of eggs laid increased gradually from 0.8±0.9 on day 1 to 1.7±1.4 on day 2, 2.7±2.1 on day 3 and 4.0±2.32 on day 4 and reached the peak (5.7±2.9) on day 5. Also, it was found that the number of eggs laid decreased gradually from 4.7±3.3 on day 6 to 3.9±1.7 on day 7, to 3.2±2.4 on day 8, to 2.0±1.8 on day 9, and to 1.3±1.2 on day 10. 
       Example 5 
     Effects on Control of  Lasioderma serricorne    
       [0035]    Last-stage larvae of  Lasioderma serricorne  were divided into two groups: one group consisting of 150 individuals, and another group consisting of 75 individuals. The  Lasioderma serricorne  larvae of each group were placed in an insect breeding dish (120 mm diameter×80 mm height) together with 10 g or 7.5 g of artificial feed, and the uncovered dish of each group was placed in an acrylic cage for insects (300 mm width×300 mm length×300 mm height), after which males and females of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  were mated with one another. Within 24 hours after mating, 0-10 individuals of the female  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  were introduced to the  Lasioderma serricorne  of the two groups at 10 different introduction densities, and were then stored at a temperature of 30±0.5° C. and a relative humidity of 70 to 75% under a 12-hr light/12-hr dark cycle. The emerged hosts were separated and counted at 24-hour intervals until the hosts no longer emerged, and the experiment was repeated five times. The results of the experiment are shown in Table 2 below and  FIG. 6 . 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 N. 
                 N. of 
                   
               
               
                 of 
                   L. serri - 
                 Number of Female  A. apiovorus   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Exp. 
                 
                   corne 
                 
                 0 
                 1 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 6 
                 7 
                 8 
                 9 
                 10 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 1 
                 150 
                 112 
                 62 
                 23 
                 14 
                 5 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 1 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 75 
                 58 
                 22 
                 6 
                 2 
                 0 
                 1 
                 4 
                 0 
                 0 
                 2 
                 0 
               
               
                 2 
                 150 
                 138 
                 124 
                 38 
                 22 
                 6 
                 1 
                 1 
                 0 
                 2 
                 0 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 75 
                 65 
                 24 
                 6 
                 3 
                 2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1 
                 1 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 3 
                 150 
                 133 
                 82 
                 62 
                 17 
                 3 
                 3 
                 0 
                 2 
                 1 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 75 
                 71 
                 58 
                 17 
                 2 
                 1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 2 
                 2 
                 1 
               
               
                 4 
                 150 
                 130 
                 104 
                 46 
                 3 
                 18 
                 1 
                 1 
                 1 
                 1 
                 0 
                 1 
               
               
                   
                 75 
                 69 
                 53 
                 31 
                 1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1 
                 0 
               
               
                 5 
                 150 
                 144 
                 91 
                 42 
                 37 
                 7 
                 1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 75 
                 80 
                 18 
                 4 
                 1 
                 3 
                 1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1 
                 2 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0036]    As can be seen in Table 2 above and  FIG. 6 , when 5 individuals of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  were introduced to the experimental group having a host density of 150 individuals, the control rate of the hosts ( Lasioderma serricorne ) was 98.4%; when 3 individuals of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  were introduced to the experimental group having a host density of 75 individuals, the control rate of the hosts ( Lasioderma serricorne ) was 98.2%. From these results, it can be seen that, in the experimental group having a host density of 150 individuals ( Lasioderma serricorne ), About 26 host individuals per individual of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  can be controlled, and thus 0.038 individuals of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  are required to control one individual of  Lasioderma serricorne ; and in the experimental group having a host density of 75 individuals ( Lasioderma serricorne ), about 23 host individuals per individual of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  can be controlled, and thus 0.043 individuals of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  are required to control one individual of  Lasioderma serricorne.    
         [0037]    Taken together, it was found that the suitable ratio of the number of individuals of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus , which were used to control  Lasioderma serricorne , to the number of the host  Lasioderma serricorne  was in the range from 1:0.038 to 1:0.043, and the number of individuals of  Lasioderma serricorne  that could be controlled by one individual of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  was 23-26, proving that  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  was a natural enemy insect that was very effective in controlling  Lasioderma serricorne.    
         [0038]    As described above, in accordance with to the present disclosure,  Lasioderma serricorne  that is native to Egypt is an economically harmful insect pest that easily propagates under a high-temperature environment, and  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  that is a thermophilic insect native to Africa is a very effective natural enemy of  Lasioderma serricorne . Particularly,  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  has excellent effects on the control of  Lasioderma serricorne  that causes serious damage to economically highly valuable materials, such as grains or tobacco, when these valuable materials are stored at room temperature or high temperatures.  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  is parasitic on  Lasioderma serricorne  as its host and cannot proliferate in the absence of  Lasioderma serricorne , and thus it is a good natural enemy that does not cause secondary environmental problems resulting from the prevalence of a natural enemy of  Lasioderma serricorne  after the control of  Lasioderma serricorne . In addition, it was found that the number of individuals of  Lasioderma serricorne , which could be controlled by one individual of  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  after introduction, was about 23-26, proving that  Anisopteromalus apiovorus  had distinct effects on the control of  Lasioderma serricorne . Accordingly, the control method of the present disclosure can be used in various fields to effectively control  Lasioderma serricorne.    
         [0039]    Although the specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure as disclosed in the accompanying claims.