Abstract:
A rugged, ergonomic integrated telecommunications handset includes an electronic controller that interoperates and controls the universal remote control (URC), which connects to multiple radios simultaneously. The controller downloads options which are implemented by the controller. The handset has an ability to vibrate in a silent mode, and has a memory capacity, as well as GPS capacity. Ergonomically, the handset has a pair of side arrays of protruding ribs, which enhance gripping, preventing the handset from falling out of the user&#39;s hands, even if the user has gloves on in inclement weather conditions in the field. While compatible with the latest radio system software defined dual net and dual channel radio equipment, the handset is also backward compatible with single radios or with two or more separate radios.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is a continuation of, and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §120 from, application Ser. No. 13/380,411, filed Mar. 14, 2013. The &#39;411 application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 12/592,450 filed Nov. 25, 2009, which application is based upon provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/200,422, filed Nov. 26, 2008, from which provisional application Applicants claimed priority benefit of 35 U.S.C. §119(e). The aforesaid applications are incorporated by reference herein. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The present invention relates to a rugged, ergonomically-designed integrated telecommunications handset for wireless and wireline applications with single or multiple radio or multiple channel radios or dual net/channel radio. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    A ‘“two-way radio”’ is a radio that can both transmit and receive, e.g., a transceiver, unlike a broadcasting receiver which only receives content. Two-way radios are available in mobile radio, stationary or base station radio and hand-held portable configurations. Hand-held radios are often called walkie-talkies, and include “push-to-talk” or “press-to-transmit” buttons to activate the transmitter. These half-duplex communications devices generally are not configured to support simultaneous two-way communications. One or more mechanisms typically are implemented in half-duplex communications devices to help ensure that is in a transmit mode only at the appropriate times. A push-to-talk (PTT) button places the communications device in a transmit mode while pressed or engaged and returns the communications device to a receive mode when the PTT button is released or disengaged. A voice operated (VOX) feature provides that a user&#39;s voice or other sound triggers the communications device to enter a transmit mode. 
         [0004]    The first truly mobile two-way radio was developed in Australia in 1923. In 1933, the Bayonne, N.J. police department successfully operated a two-way system between a central fixed station and radio transceivers installed in police cars. This allowed for rapidly directing police response in emergencies. During World War II, walkie talkies, or hand held transceivers were used extensively by air and ground troops. 
         [0005]    Conventional radios operate on fixed RF channels. In the case of radios with multiple channels, they operate on one channel at a time. The proper channel is selected by a user. The user operates a channel selector or buttons on the radio control panel to pick the channel. In multi-channel systems, channels are used for separate purposes. A channel may be reserved for a specific function or for a geographic area. Motorola uses the term “mode” to refer to channels on some conventional two-way radio models. In this use, a mode consists of a radio frequency channel and all channel-dependent options such as selective calling. 
         [0006]    The use of two-way radios significantly improved communications and therefore effectiveness of military actions during and after WWII. The SCR 300 is the two-way radio or walkie talkie used by US forces towards the end of war. The SCR 300 comprised a backpack unit and a handset connected to the backpack, and weighed 30-40 pounds. Motorola (Galvin Manufacturing) developed the first hand-held two-way radios shortly thereafter (SCR 536), were became available at the platoon and squad level. 
         [0007]    Various handsets have developed for use with two-way radios for military applications, for example, H-207/VCR, H-189/GR, H-250. The H-189 handset is a rugged repairable handset unit molded out of polycarbonate lexan that utilizes a 1000 Ohm earphone element, a 150 Ohm dynamic noise cancelling microphone, a PTT switch and 6 foot retractile cord terminating in a 5-pin audio connector. The handset is configured to be interchangeable with H-250 Handset, and is intended for use with military man-pack radio equipment such as AN/PRC-70 and AN/PRC-77. 
         [0008]    While such known radio handsets are quite effective for intended military applications, they are not without shortcomings. Such conventional radio handsets are physically cumbersome, and are constructed with limited operational electronics capabilities. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0009]    It is an object of this invention to provide a rugged, ergonomic integrated telecommunications handset, which overcomes the shortcomings of the conventional arts. 
         [0010]    It is an object of the present invention to provide an integrated telecommunications handset, which is a direct replacement for most tactical handsets in use today. 
         [0011]    In keeping with these objects and others which may become apparent, the present invention is an integrated telecommunications handset which includes ruggedized ergonomic features making it versatile to use. For example, opposite fringed arrays of rounded protruding nibs on each side of the handset housing render the handset readily graspable and therefore easy to use with or without gloves, which are likely to be worn by the user in inclement weather, particularly in colder climates. That is, the arrays of nibs on each side of render it less likely that the handset device will slip out of the user&#39;s hand. A keyboard is provided for data command input is readily accessible (as shown in the drawing figures) accessible and an embodiment configured with a flat top permits the handset to stand inverted on a table for ready access, while not in use. 
         [0012]    In an embodiment, the integrated telecommunications handset is foldable about a hinge, comprising a first foldable portion having an earpiece at the distal top. An electronic visual display provides for displaying images to a user. The visual display is positioned on a working face of the handset housing an earpiece and the aforementioned keyboard located adjacent the hinge. A second foldable portion, which is shorter than the first foldable portion, includes a mouthpiece with a microphone at a lower distal area of the working face or handset surface. An embodiment includes cell phone capability with sound-producing amplifiers. The visual display displays the user&#39;s GPS position in view of GPS ability. The visual display displays channel number, appropriate telephone number, volume level, alphanumeric text messages, and identifies whether the phone is in normal audio producing mode or vibrate mode, or both. The earpiece produces sounds including received audio, locations, channel and streamed audio. To allow its use as a receiver, the mouthpiece lower portion folds over the lower area of the upper portion, while leaving the earpiece exposed. The hingedly attached upper and lower portions fold between an outward deployed position and an inward storage position. The hinged portion includes hinged attachments. 
         [0013]    The rugged, ergonomic integrated telecommunications handset includes an electronic controller that interoperates and controls the universal remote control (URC). URC allows for the handset to wirelessly connect to multiple radios simultaneously. The controller downloads options which are implemented by the controller. The handset has an ability to vibrate in a silent mode, and has a memory capacity. 
         [0014]    In a preferred embodiment, the foldable handset is compact in size, approximately four inches in height in the closed position, e.g., a maximum of 4.75 inches in height, 1.875 inches in width, 1.125 inches in depth, up to 1.375 inches in depth with a pocket or belt clip attached thereto. The handset is lightweight, weighing approximately 10 oz without a cable attached. The handset comprises a speaker microphone with electret capability, and a convenient auxiliary input/output port at a top end, above the earpiece. Made of rugged materials, it is preferably buoyant and watertight to a depth of one meter if it falls is water for up to 31 minutes. The handset controls include waterproof pushbuttons for on/off, volume adjustment, GPS positioning and other functions. The electronic components inside the handset are shock mounted inside of the handset and are preferably coated for moisture resistance. The preferred handset material is rigid plastic, e.g., acrylonitrile-butadiene styrene (ABS) or Polycarbonate (PC), which is impact resistant in hot and cold environments, with an optional outer covering of a resilient tough elastomer, especially where gripped by the hand of the user. The handset is resistant to rain, dust, vibrations and shock. In an embodiment, a recessed and guarded on-off/volume switch for an external speaker microphone is provided. When opened from the closed position, the mouthpiece/microphone portion is presented at an angle of appropriately 15 to 25 degrees off of a horizontal position, preferably 20 degrees off of a horizontal portion. 
         [0015]    In an embodiment, the invention includes a foldable telecommunications handset. The handset comprises a first elongate body having a proximal end region including a proximal end, a distal end region including a distal end, top and bottom portions that define a height, and side portions that define a width. The proximal end region includes a hinged edge portion joinable to a second elongate body having a proximal end region including a proximal end at the hinged edge portion, a distal end region including a distal end, top and bottom portions that define a height, and side portions that define a width. 
         [0016]    The handset is foldable about the hinged edge portion to a closed position wherein in the closed position the height of the first elongate body exceeds the height of the second elongate body, leaving an exposed portion in a region of the first elongate body above the distal end of the second elongate body. The first elongate body has an exposed earpiece in the exposed portion in the region of the first elongate body above the distal end of the second elongate body. The handset is openable about the hinged edge to expose a mouthpiece on an inner portion of the second elongate body and a keyboard and visual display on an inner portion of the first elongate body in a region thereof below the exposed portion of the first elongate body having the exposed earpiece in the closed position. 
         [0017]    The first elongate portion has a first array of parallel transverse ribs extending perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the handset along respective left and right side portions of the first elongate body below the exposed portion having the earpiece. The second elongate portion has a second array of parallel transverse ribs extending perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the handset along respective left and right side portions of the second elongate body. In the closed position of the handset, the respective left and right portions of the first elongate body below the earpiece and the respective left and right portions of the second elongate body are co-linear with each other, and the first array of parallel transverse ribs and the second array of parallel transverse ribs are in positional register with each other. The first and second arrays of parallel grasping ribs provide a tactile grasping surface for the user in the open and the closed positions of the handset. 
         [0018]    The handset is preferably is constructed from a polymeric material. Alternatively, at last a portion of the handset is constructed from an elastomeric polymeric material. The handset can include an integrated electronics system for controlling time-critical function. An earpiece included on the front surface of the proximal end region is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. A mouthpiece included on the front surface of the distal end region is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. A keypad included on the front surface of the middle region is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. A visual display included on the front surface of the middle region is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. A transceiver for data exchange is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. 
         [0019]    A wireless interface built into the elongate body facilitates wireless data exchange with the transceiver and is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. An interface port built in to the elongate body and accessible from one region surface facilitate wired data exchange and is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. At least one push-to-talk switch disposed on the side portion surfaces of the planar middle region is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. A GPS module electronically is coupled to the integrated electronics system. A VOX On/Off switch is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system and a VoIP module is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. 
         [0020]    Preferably, the integrated electronics system comprises one of an embedded control system and a memory-programmable control system in order to control the integrated electronics system controls GPS processing in a time critical manner. The interface port may be serial. A depressible-beacon-activate switch is disposed on a surface directly opposite a surface upon which the push-to-talk (PTT) switch is located. Upon depression, the depressible-beacon-activate switch activates a beacon locator function that causes a locator beacon to be transmitted. The integrated electronics system controls the beacon locator function in a time critical manner. The integrated electronics system comprises one of an embedded control system and a memory-programmable control system. 
         [0021]    In another embodiment, the invention includes a telecommunications handset comprising a elongate body having a substantially planar proximal end region extending between a proximal end and a distal end along a longitudinal central axis, a substantially planar distal end region extending between a proximal end and a distal end along a longitudinal central axis and a substantially planar middle region extending between a proximal end and a distal end along a longitudinal central axis. The middle region is integral with and positioned between the distal end of the proximate end region and the proximal end of the distal end region. The regions each include side portions including surfaces that define a region depth and each include front and back portions including surfaces that define a region width. 
         [0022]    An integrated electronics system for controlling time-critical function. An earpiece included on the front surface of the proximal end region is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. A mouthpiece included on the front surface of the distal end region is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. A keypad included on the front surface of the middle region is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. A visual display included on the front surface of the middle region is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. A transceiver for data exchange is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. A wireless interface built into the elongate body to facilitate wireless data exchange with the transceiver is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. 
         [0023]    An interface port built in to the elongate body is accessible from one region surface to facilitate wired data exchange that is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. At least one push-to-talk (PTT) switch disposed on the side portion surfaces of the planar middle region and electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. A GPS module is electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. A VOX On/Off switch electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. A VoIP module electronically coupled to the integrated electronics system. The substantially planar proximal end region and the substantially planar middle region are aligned along the respective longitudinal central axes. 
         [0024]    The surfaces of the side portions of the planar middle region comprise respective parallel arrays of transverse ribs extending perpendicular to the aligned longitudinal central axes of the planar proximal end region and planar middle region to provide a tactile grasping feature for ready grasping of the handset by a user. The proximal end of the planar distal end region is integral with the distal end of the planar middle region and arranged so that the central axis of the planar distal end region is arranged at an acute angle to the aligned longitudinal central axes of the planar proximal end region and planar middle region and to facilitate fixation to a user helmet. 
         [0025]    In another embodiment, the invention provides a ruggedized integrated telecommunication handset with ergonomic features comprises an upper portion and a lower portion. The upper portion has an earpiece located adjacent a free end thereof, a visual display and a keyboard. The lower portion has on the front face thereof a mouthpiece containing a microphone and a dynamic or balanced armature speakerphone. The upper and lower portions have side walls with rounded protruding nibs allowing for convenient use by a user wearing gloves. The handset contains an embedded, programmable microcontroller operated in accordance with a set of computer readable instructions directly connected to and implementing each of the earpiece, visual display, keyboard, microphone, speakerphone, and other operative elements of the handset. 
         [0026]    The handset preferably includes a data transfer port and/or a transceiver and dual push-to-talk (PTT) switches. Preferably, the push-to-talk (PTT) switches are voice actuated. A transceiver, a push-to-talk (PTT) switch and a personal locator beacon switch are located on opposite sides of the handset. The handset also preferably comprises a GPS locator. The push-to-talk switch may be voice actuated. The handset preferably includes a wireline interface allowing wireless or wireline operation of the handset. 
         [0027]    The handset may be a one piece integral handset or a foldable handset. When foldable, the handset includes an upper portion and a lower portion connected together by a hinge to allow the lower portion to be folded against the upper portion with a front face of the lower portion being flush against a front face of the upper portion. The lower portion is folded against the upper portion; the keyboard and the visual display are covered, leaving the earpiece uncovered. When integral, the one piece handset is an integral handset formed of a single piece, with an earpiece at one upper portion thereof and a mouthpiece at a lower portion thereof. 
         [0028]    In another embodiment, the handset is a radio handset with a number of features which by selection for inclusion or exclusion creates the basis for five distinct handsets, where each of the headsets are designed to serve the different requirements. The general design of the housing with key dimensions, placement of feature controls, and functional attachments offers superior ergonomics for the warfighter, in all of the handset variations. While compatible with the latest Joint Tactical Radio Systems software defined dual net equipment (such as the Harris Falcon Radio AN/PRC-155), the inventive Radio handset also is backward compatible with single radios (H-250 replacement) , with two separate radios (each H-250 replacements), with a field phone (H-350 replacement), and with a Dual Net radio. 
         [0029]    This is advantageous in view of the fact that the handsets of the present invention frequently are used with different radios that handle their multiple channels in different ways. Some of the radios used with the inventive handsets sum all the channels together before sending them to ancillaries, while others send a separate audio signal for each channel. Also, depending on the manufacturer and radio, multiple channels have different designations such as “channel”, “net”, “talk group”, etc. The inventive handsets are available in several configurations: multi-channel, multi-radio and dual net/channel radio. The multi-channel handset ancillaries are designed to be used with multi-channel radios, but the exact wiring is dependent upon the configuration of the radio. The multi-radio handset ancillaries of the present invention are designed to be used with more than one radio, with each radio having a standard wiring configuration. 
         [0030]    The handsets used in the multi-channel mode are used in different ways. The handset can be connected to the radios directly, or to the loudspeaker, but never to a fill headset or a microphone set (although a user can connect a listen-only headset to the handset). The Push to Talk (PTT) controller is meant to be used in-line with headsets and other products that do not inherently operate multiple channels, thus enhancing their capability. The microphone set is used in much of the same way as the handset, except that it cannot receive audio. 
         [0031]    By the term “standard radio” the handset is meant to include a Ground, an Audio, one PTT button and a microphone. 
         [0032]    By the term “dual net radio” the handset is meant to include a Ground, an Audio, a first PTT button, a microphone and a second PTT button. A dual Net radio is a single radio that is capable of operating two channels, or “nets”, at the same time. 
         [0033]    These two PTT buttons operate two independent nets via hard wiring. 
         [0034]    In an embodiment with a “dual radio” loudspeaker, the loudspeaker is capable of receiving and transmitting audio signals from two independent radios. The conventional scrambling is done by the radio. 
         [0035]    In the two-radio embodiment, there is a wired Y connection. The other embodiments are for the dual NET radios which are already set up with a mating connector for the radio handsets. The handset without a wired Y connection is used with a dual Net radio. 
         [0036]    In another embodiment, the handset is used with a field phone. A field phone is a hard-wired phone system usually found in larger vehicles such as tanks and APCs. They usually require a “hot mic”, or a dedicated pair of connector pins that are always hooked up to the microphone, regardless of PTT status. 
         [0037]    Functionally, a conventional thumb wheel is provided on the handsets, in a novel visual and ergonomic design, as it is positioned so that one can operate it from the front of the handset or from the side (when the handset is held against one&#39;s face). In most variations of the handset, this thumbwheel will increase or decrease the volume of audio heard through the earphone or listen-only headset. In the Dual Radio variation of the handset (Y-branch), this thumbwheel acts as a volume balance control between the two radios. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS (continued) 
         [0038]    The present invention can best be understood in connection with the accompanying drawings. It is noted that the invention is not limited to the precise embodiments shown in drawings, in which: 
           [0039]      FIG. 1  is a front elevational view of the integrated telecommunications handset, shown in an open position; 
           [0040]      FIG. 2  is a rear elevational view of the integrated telecommunications handset; 
           [0041]      FIG. 3  is a left side elevational view of the integrated telecommunications handset; 
           [0042]      FIG. 4  is a top plan view of the integrated telecommunications handset; 
           [0043]      FIG. 5  is a right side elevational view of the integrated telecommunications handset; 
           [0044]      FIG. 6  is a bottom view of the integrated telecommunications handset; 
           [0045]      FIG. 7  is a front elevational view of the of the integrated telecommunications handset, shown in a closed position; 
           [0046]      FIG. 8  is a rear elevational view of the integrated telecommunications handset; 
           [0047]      FIG. 9  is a left side elevational view of the integrated telecommunications handset; 
           [0048]      FIG. 10  is a top plan view of the integrated telecommunications handset; 
           [0049]      FIG. 11  is a right side elevational view of the integrated telecommunications handset; 
           [0050]      FIG. 12  is a bottom view of the integrated telecommunications handset; 
           [0051]      FIG. 13  is a right frontal perspective view of another embodiment of the integrated telecommunications handset, shown in an open position and highlighting many of the functional features enabled by the inventive electronics system housed therein; 
           [0052]      FIG. 14  is a rear perspective view of the  FIG. 13  embodiment highlighting user activated switches for controlling several functional features enabled by the inventive electronics system housed therein; 
           [0053]      FIG. 15  is a left frontal perspective view of the of the  FIG. 13  embodiment, shown in closed position and highlighting several functional features enabled by the inventive electronics system housed therein; 
           [0054]      FIG. 16A  is a front elevational view of another embodiment of the integrated telecommunications handset in a closed position; 
           [0055]      FIG. 16B  is a right rear perspective view of the  FIG. 16A  embodiment in a closed position; 
           [0056]      FIG. 17A  is a front elevational view of another embodiment of the integrated telecommunications handset in an open position; 
           [0057]      FIG. 17B  is an enlarged view of a recessed membrane PTT (push to talk switch) depicted in the  FIG. 17A  embodiment; 
           [0058]      FIG. 17C  is an enlarged view of a recessed and guarded on-off volume switch for an external speaker microphone in the  FIG. 17A  embodiment; 
           [0059]      FIG. 17D  is a left frontal perspective view of the  FIG. 17A  embodiment open in an ergonomically-correct position; 
           [0060]      FIGS. 18A, 18B and 18C  are front, side and front perspective views of an embodiment of the integrated telecommunications handset configured a one rigid piece for ready and secure mounting upon head gear, e.g., a helmet, worn by a handset user; 
           [0061]      FIG. 19  is a block diagram depicting one embodiment of an electronic system included in the integrated telecommunications handset; 
           [0062]      FIG. 20  is a perspective view of a fully featured radio handset of this invention with some functional information about the features and controls; 
           [0063]      FIG. 21  is a dimensioned front as well as right and left side elevations of the radio handset of  FIG. 20 ; 
           [0064]      FIG. 22  is an internal schematic of a radio handset configured as an H-250 single channel replacement; 
           [0065]      FIG. 22A  is a front and two side elevations of the radio handset of  FIG. 22  with functional flow chart; 
           [0066]      FIG. 23  is an internal schematic of a fully featured single PTT radio handset; 
           [0067]      FIG. 23A  is a front and two side elevations of the radio handset of  FIG. 23  with functional flow chart; 
           [0068]      FIG. 24  is an internal schematic of a Y-Branch radio handset; 
           [0069]      FIG. 24A  is a functional flow chart of the radio handset of  FIG. 24 ; 
           [0070]      FIG. 25  is an internal schematic of a field phone handset; 
           [0071]      FIG. 25A  is a front and two side elevations of the field phone handset of  FIG. 25  with functional flow chart; 
           [0072]      FIG. 25B  is a Pin Out schematic diagram of the connector of  FIGS. 25 and 25A ; 
           [0073]      FIG. 26  is an internal schematic of a fully featured dual net radio handset; and 
           [0074]      FIG. 26A  is a front and two side elevations of the radio handset of  FIG. 26  with functional flow chart. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0075]    The following is a detailed description of example embodiments of the invention depicted in the accompanying drawings. The example embodiments are in such detail as to clearly communicate the invention and are designed to make such embodiments obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention, as defined by the appended claims. 
         [0076]    For illustrative purposes only, a preferred mode for carrying out the invention is described herein, wherein an integrated telecommunications handset includes ruggedized ergonomic features making it versatile to use and integrates and utilizes multiple field compatible electronics-based functions, including coordination of multiple radio channels and various other features. 
         [0077]      FIGS. 1-12  present various views of foldable embodiment of an integrated telecommunications handset ( 10 ) of the invention that is foldable,  FIGS. 18A-C  present views of a rigid embodiment of the handset ( 10 ′″) and  FIGS. 20-26A  present views of the embodiments for dual channel and dual net radio handsets and capabilities. 
         [0078]    As can be seen in  FIGS. 1-12 , the integrated telecommunications handset ( 10 ) of the present invention includes ruggedized ergonomic features making it versatile to use. For example, opposite fringed arrays ( 12 ) of rounded protruding nibs ( 14 ) make it easy to use the handset ( 10 ) with gloves on in inclement weather, i.e., with improved gripability. Additionally, the arrays ( 12 ) of nibs ( 14 ) on each on each side of the handset housing render it less likely that the handset will slip out of the user&#39;s hand. A keyboard ( 16 ) is provided for input from a user and is accessible and a flat top ( 18 ) permits the handset to stand inverted on a table. 
         [0079]    The integrated telecommunications handset is foldable about a hinge ( 20 ) and includes a first foldable portion ( 22 ) having an earpiece ( 24 ) at the distal top. An electronic visual display ( 26 ) is included for displaying images to a user. The electronic visual display is located between the earpiece and the dialing keyboard ( 16 ), which dialing keyboard located adjacent to the hinge ( 20 ). While the keyboard is included for dialing, it is not limited to dialing, but may be used to input any information content in various modes of operation, to be described in greater detail below. A second foldable portion ( 28 ) is shorter that the first foldable portion ( 22 ), and includes a mouthpiece ( 30 ) with a microphone ( 32 ) at a lower distal area thereof The handset ( 10 ) includes sound-producing amplifiers (not shown in  FIGS. 1-12 or 18A -C). These sound producing amplifiers allow the handset&#39;s use as a receiver. The mouthpiece ( 30 ) and entire second foldable portion ( 28 ) folds over a lower area of the upper portion ( 22 ), as readily seen inn the view of  FIG. 7 , while leaving the earpiece ( 24 ) exposed. A clip ( 21 ) is included for clipping the handset ( 10 ) to a user&#39;s clothing, or other material or device for ready access. 
         [0080]      FIGS. 13-17  display an integrated telecommunications handset ( 10 ′), which is modification of handset ( 10 ).  FIG. 13  shows a perspective view of the handset ( 10 ′) in an open position. The inventive integrated telecommunications handset, e.g., handset ( 10 ′), includes various functional features that are enabled by an electronics system that is housed with the handset housing. These functional elements and their operation are now described with reference to  FIGS. 13-17 . 
         [0081]    A top interface connector or port ( 34 ) is shown disposed within flat top surface ( 18 ) of the handset, which connector port functions as a data/video upload download interface for data and video transmission. The connector ( 34 ) may comprise various forms in order to facilitate the data transfer to/from the handset, e.g., USB, RS232, etc., without limitation. Also included in the handset is a built-in wireless interface ( 36 ), dual push-to-talk (PTT) switches ( 38 ), an earphone speaker ( 40 ), having dynamic or balanced armature capability, within earpiece ( 24 ) and mouthpiece microphone ( 32 ). The earphone speaker is dynamic or balanced armature, where the microphone is electret capable, to enable sound output and input, respectively. Active display screen ( 26 ) provides for communicating visual messages to the user. The active display screen is preferably a liquid crystal display, but is not limited thereto. 
         [0082]    The integrated telecommunications handset ( 10 ′) includes a standard 12-button keypad ( 16 ′) is GSM-capable, IP or VoIP functional ad DTMF tone operational. Preferably, as shown, the handset ( 10 ′) includes an emergency call tone generation feature ( 42 ) for situations in which speaking is not optional, for example, a battlefield operation. For that matter, the handset includes a silent mode notification (vibration) indicator ( 44 ), for receiving incoming communications. The embodiment further includes a GPS module ( 46 ) for location/position verification. Moreover, one of the dual PTT switches may be replaced with a personal locator beacon (PLB), which would operate in coordination with a GPS locator (not shown) to send out the location of the handset to rescuers where necessary. The integrated telecommunications handset ( 10 ′) is preferably configured with at least 1 Gigabyte of user memory ( 50 ), but the amount may be varied for various handset applications. 
         [0083]      FIG. 14  depicts a rear elevational view of the integrated telecommunications handset ( 10 ′) in order to highlight a VOX On/Off switch ( 52 ), a 3 position gain control switch ( 54 ) and wireline feature. Integrated telecommunications handset ( 10 ′) includes a connector ( 56 ) extending out of the second portion ( 28 ′). Connector  56  connects the internal electronics to a wire ( 58 ) that terminate in a second connector ( 60 ), for connection to a radio (e.g., a man-pack unit), or to multiple radios simultaneously via the multiple download option. Clip ( 21 ) is included for affixing the handset ( 10 ′) to a user&#39;s clothing, a piece of equipment carried by the user, or a stationary object. 
         [0084]      FIG. 15  depicts a left frontal perspective view of the of the  FIG. 13  integrated telecommunications handset ( 10 ′), in a closed position. The handset ( 10 ′), as shown, includes an interface port ( 54 ) for in-ear devices (not shown in  FIG. 15 ), and highlights the ergonomic gripability of the nib arrays ( 14 ), including a nib-like extension ( 56 ) upon which the PTT switch ( 38 ) sits in cooperation with the ribs ( 14 ). The speaker microphone ( 32 ), preferably displaying electret capability, is included in the back of the handset is disposed in the front of the device when in a closed position. 
         [0085]      FIG. 16A  is a front elevational view of another embodiment of the integrated telecommunications handset ( 10 ′) in a folded/closed position, highlighting speaker microphone ( 32 ), which is operational when folded/closed. As described above, the handset is small, for example, about four (4) inches when in a folded/closed position, and weighs preferably 10 ounces or less without cable. The handset is watertight for at least 30 minutes at 1 meter. 
         [0086]      FIG. 16B  shows the embodiment from a right rear perspective closed position to highlight the belt/vest clip option ( 21 ), and auxiliary I/O port and termination the specification of which is optional to coordinate with particular use/radio applications. 
         [0087]      FIG. 17A  is a front elevational view of another embodiment of the integrated telecommunications handset ( 10 ′) in an open position. The  FIG. 17A  embodiment highlights the optional wireless capability ( 60 ), optional keypad and character display ( 16 ), recessed membrane push-to-talk (PTT;  38 ), recessed and guarded on-off volume switch for an external speaker microphone, and speaker microphone ( 38 ′). The recessed membrane PTT ( 38 ) and guarded on-off volume switch ( 38 ′) are shown enlarged in  FIGS. 17B and 17C , respectively. As such, the embodiment provides the option of having the push-to-talk (PTT) button on one side and the volume control button on the other side being recessed within the little protective walls, sort of like a crater. The  FIG. 17D  is a left frontal perspective view of the  FIG. 17A  handset ( 10 ′), highlighting its open, ergonomically-correct position/operation. 
         [0088]      FIG. 17D  highlights the arrays of protruding nibs (or ribs), included both to enable the user to operate while wearing gloves but also for a more tactile grip (smooth surface might slip, especially when wet). For that matter, the rib arrays on the upper keyboard and earpiece potion above the hinge are in positional register and match the corresponding arrays of protruding nibs on the lower mouthpiece portion below the hinge when the handset is in the closed position. This enables the handset with the earpiece exposed for PTT function to operate like a walkie talkie or, for example, a Nextel phone. A personal locator beacon PLB operates with the GPS feature to send out a location signal to rescuers. 
         [0089]      FIGS. 18A, 18B and 18C  are front, side and front perspective views of an alternative embodiment of the integrated telecommunications handset ( 10 ″) that is configured in a single rigid piece construction, for ready and secure mounting upon head gear, e.g., a helmet, worn by a handset user. The  FIG. 18A  view highlights the handset ability to connect to an earpiece ( 24 ). Earpiece ( 24 ) includes a wire ( 25 ) and connector ( 27 ), which connector ( 27 ) plugs into and mates with connect/port ( 54 ). Handset ( 10 ″) is rigid, as distinguished from handsets ( 10 ;  10 ′), which are foldable. That is, mouthpiece portion ( 28 ′) is not foldable. While handle ( 10 ″) is rigid, and therefore larger in length than handsets ( 10 ;  10 ′) when in their folded/closed positions, the rigid fixed length is beneficial in its ability to be reliably affixed to a helmet arranged to receive it (helmet not shown). 
         [0090]    The  FIG. 18B  view highlights one definition of an angle at which mouthpiece portion ( 28 ′) extends from an axial center of the main housing of handset ( 10 ″).  FIG. 18C  is a perspective view of a wireline embodiment of handset ( 10 ″), including wire ( 58 ), which handset ( 10 ″) may also be configured for wireless operation. 
         [0091]      FIG. 19  is a block diagram depicting one embodiment of an integrated electronics system ( 100 ), which may be included in the integrated telecommunications handsets of the invention. The integrated electronics system ( 100 ) enables the handset to connect to multiple radios simultaneously; to function with voice activation capability; to function as a speaker microphone; to function as a data/video upload download interface to radio for transmission to the network; to operate a standard 12-button keypad and operate an active display, i.e., accepting touch user inputs in some models. The optional electronics provides wireless radio interface, and wireless telecommunications ability (GSM capable). Preferably, the radio option includes a URC capability, operating with a Zigbee or other platform format. For that matter, the electronics enable the handset to automatically match radio input impedances, and receive multiple download configurations. The handset electronics will operate with an interface port for in-ear devices, DTMF tone generation, silent mode notification (vibration), automatic gain control, IP based functionality. 
         [0092]    The physical speaker capability is dynamic or balanced armature. The ergonomic design enables use with gloved hands. For that matter, the handsets weigh less than 1 lb. with cable, as wholly user (field) configurable, disposable and may be produced in any color options in durable polycarbonate. For that matter, the handsets are Mil-STD-810 tested and certified; EMI/EMP hardened, and can by GPS enabled for location/position verification. Preferably, each includes up to 1 gigabyte embedded user memory, and operates with a small electronic signal footprint to facilitate squad level communications when used for military purposes. A versatile phase-locked loop in the optional electronics allows the device to operate at various frequencies, up to and exceeding GSM. The handset is waterproof to 3 meters (for a limited time) and includes emergency call tone generation for situation where talking is not an option. For that matter, the handset can be TEMPEST certified with radio systems. 
         [0093]    The heart of the electronic operation is the programmable microcontroller ( 110 ). The invention, however, is not limited to a programmable microcontroller per se, but may be controlled by discrete electronics and/or a microprocessor. When controlled by a microprocessor, the microprocessor is operated in accordance with a set of computer readable instructions (e.g., a software application) instructions that operates/implements each of the following features in cooperation hardware elements. 
         [0094]    That is, the microprocessor or programmable microcontroller ( 110 ) control(s) responses to a number of various inputs functions ( 111 ). Input functions ( 111 ) include voice activation (VOX) hardware ( 112 ), receives and processes data from serial (I/O) port ( 114 ), Optional keypad function ( 116 ), and push-to-talk (PTT) function ( 118 ). The optional keypad function cooperates with DTMF encoder/decoder and A/D conversion function ( 120 ), which cooperates with GPS functionality ( 122 ). The push-to-talk (PTT) function cooperates with microphone ( 124 ), filters and AGC ( 128 ). In the case of a microprocessor, the microprocessor operates by a set of computer readable instructions comprising a handset operational application program. In a case of an embedded control system or a memory programmable controller (discussed below in more detail), the functional element hardware is directly connected to the embedded control system or memory programmable controller in order that it may respond without delay normally associated with a microprocessor driven application programs. 
         [0095]    Cellular electronics ( 132 ) cooperates with programmable microcontroller ( 110 ), keypad ( 116 ) and DTMF function ( 120 ), driving vibration function ( 134 ) as part of the integrated electronics system ( 100 ). As indicated in  FIG. 19 , various drivers may be included to implement the actual microcontroller control. LCD display ( 136 ) is shown to be controlled (driven) via microcontroller ( 110 ), which presents display images comprising GPS, channel positioning, audio elements such as volume level and text messages/messaging control modes (represented by block ( 138 )). Encryption function ( 140 ) provides for the encryption of video, voice and other data exchanged between the microcontroller ( 110 ) and a wireless interface ( 142 ) and an impedance matching/voltage biasing function/device, for handset wireline functioning. 
         [0096]    A user audio function ( 146 ) outputs audio to received audio channels, including streaming audio. The audio data is provided to/from transceiver ( 152 ). The audio may be sampled and provided to a listening device by in-ear function ( 150 ). All functions, while described for operation in one direction, are operation in both directions. The hardware elements that may comprise/cooperate with the identified functions discrete or monolithic. Preferably, the system is integrated on a single board, or a single ASIC. 
         [0097]    According to the invention, many of the functions controlled by the integrated electronics system are time critical, in view of the fact that every second counts for users of the handset under combat conditions. In view of same, the programmable microcontroller  110  is preferably an embedded control system or a memory programmable controller, known for use in providing and controlling time-critical functions. A memory programmable controller is an electronic controller utilized to implement very specific and time critical operations. The memory programmable controller has input and output interfaces directly connected to the hardware elements and components above-described, and shown in  FIG. 19 . The controller is programmed specifically to control the input data of the time-critical functions. 
         [0098]    Alternatively, the programmable microcontroller  110  may be an embedded computer system that is driven by firmware include in a ROM (read- only memory) located as part or connected directly to programmable controller  110 , e.g., a flash ROM. Such an embedded controller system will also have RAM (random access memory), e.g., as static RAM. In comparison to conventional computer systems found in conventional handsets, embedded systems more quickly and efficiently process time-critical applications. 
         [0099]    As can be seen in  FIGS. 20-26A , an embodiment of a radio handset  200  of the invention is shown in block diagram  FIG. 20  with microphone  210 , earphone  211 , volume control wheel  212 , headset jack  213 , PTT  1  button  214 , PTT  2  button  215  and connection cable  216 . Pushing PTT  1  button  214  asserts a Push to Talk function on a radio channel or first net channel. Pushing PTT  2  button  215  asserts a Push to Talk function on a second radio channel or second net channel. Therefore connection cable  216  can be connected to a dual channel/net radio. 
         [0100]    Preferably, clockwise rotation of the volume control wheel  212  increases earphone volume, and counterclockwise rotation of the volume control wheel  212  decreases earphone volume. In this embodiment, the user has the option asserting PTT on a first net, a second net or both together at the same time. Radio handset  200  transmits and receives intelligible, distortion-free voice signals, without interference. Ear impedance is preferably 1000 ohms and microphone impedance is preferably 150 ohms in the embodiment shown. The handset 200 meets or exceeds military performance specification MIL-PRF-49078 (H-250 style wiring). High actuation force limits accidental keying in the field. 
         [0101]    The dimensions of handset  200  are shown in  FIG. 21 . Note the thin dimension (0.69″) of earphone  211  in the right elevation; this enables convenient communications with a helmet on. Also shown is helmet clip  217  attached to the housing of handset  200 ; this is conveniently handled with one gloved hand. Helmet clip  217  can attach to uniform clothing pockets, to a belt or to equipment. Other ergonomic elements relate to the edge mounted volume control  212  and generous color-coded PTT momentary push buttons  214  and  215 ; these features can also be operated with gloves on. 
         [0102]    Various species of radio handset  200  are formed to serve particular markets, as shown in  FIGS. 22, 22A, 23, 23A, 24, 24A, 25, 25A, 25B, 26 and 26A . 
         [0103]    Handset  201  (see schematic diagrams of  FIG. 22  and  FIG. 22A ) is backwards compatible with the H-250 handset for a single channel radio. Note that low noise microphone cable  216  with tinsel wire shield and conductor, and super flexible vulcanized rubber insulation is used in all variations. Handset  201  has a single radio connector  220  and one PTT switch  214 . Depressing the PTT button  214  activates microphone  211  and asserts the PTT function on the radio through single radio connector  220 . Handset  201  transmits and receives intelligible, distortion-free voice signals. 
         [0104]      FIGS. 23 and 23A  show a fully featured single radio (or channel) handset  202  with a single PTT button  214 , connector  220 , volume control  212 , and headset jack  213 . Handset  202  has a sensitivity of −56 dBm MIN at 1000 Hz and 28 dynes per square centimeter. Distortion is less than 5% between 100 Hz and 3500 Hz. A 3.5 mm headphone jack  213  with a built-in switch is provided, and the earphone mutes when the headset is inserted. Thumbwheel  212  controls volume. Handset  202  transmits and receives intelligible, distortion-free voice signals. 
         [0105]      FIGS. 24 and 24A  show a Y-Branch Radio handset  203  with a Y-branch connector having two branch connectors  220  to connect to two separate radios, two momentary PTT buttons  214  and  215  (each preferably connected to respective separate radios A and B), a volume control  212 , and headset jack  213 . Handset  203  operates with two radios, with a two channel radio or with a single channel radio. It should be noted that rotating thumbwheel volume control  212  increases the volume of radio A while simultaneously decreasing the volume of radio B. Rotation in an opposite direction does the opposite. Optionally, both radios A and B can be heard equally. For example, when the thumbwheel volume control rotation is a 0 degrees, radio signals from radios A and B are equal. Each radio A and B utilizes respective U-329 style 6-pin connectors. A listen-only headset connector can be connected, which can either cut the audio to an earphone or activate audio to an earphone. Handset  203  transmits and receives intelligible, distortion-free voice signals. 
         [0106]      FIGS. 25, 25A and 25B  show a minimally configured dual net handset  204  with a single dual net connector  221  and two PTT buttons  214  and  215 . The two PTT buttons operate similar to the two PTT buttons  214  and  215  of  FIGS. 24 and 24A . A hot microphone can be always active with handset  204  for use with field phones. The handset  204  meets or exceeds military performance specification MIL-PRF-49078A (H-350 style wiring), as compared to headsets  200 ,  201 ,  202  and  203 , which meet or exceed military performance specification MIL-PRF-49078 (H-250 style wiring). Connector  216  is a U-329/u 6 pin connector. Handset  204  transmits and receives intelligible, distortion-free voice signals. 
         [0107]      FIGS. 26 and 26A  show a fully configured dual net handset  205  with single dual net connector  221 , volume control  212 , headset jack  213 , and momentary PTT buttons  214  and  215 , each connectable to a respective Net A or Net B of a dual net radio. Handset  205  is different from handset  203  in  FIGS. 24 and 24A  showing handset  203  with a Y-branch connector for connecting to two separate radios A and B. The handset  205  meets or exceeds military performance specification MIL-PRF-49078 (H-250 style wiring). Connector is a U-329 style 6 -pin connector. Handset  205  transmits and receives intelligible, distortion-free voice signals. 
         [0108]    In the foregoing description, certain terms and visual depictions are used to illustrate the preferred embodiment. However, no unnecessary limitations are to be construed by the terms used or illustrations depicted, beyond what is shown in the prior art, since the terms and illustrations are exemplary only, and are not meant to limit the scope of the present invention. For that matter, modifications may be made to the present invention as described without departing the scope of the invention.