Abstract:
Two series of color video signal lines ( 1 R,  1 G, and  1 B) ( 2 R,  2 G, and  2 B) for receiving in a panel two series of input color video signals from outside the panel, a plurality of switching elements ( 11, 12, 13  . . . ) for connecting each of the two series of color video signal lines to each data line, and a drive pulse generating circuit which sequentially generates drive pulses (PC 1 , PC 2 , PC 3  . . . ) for controlling open and close of the plurality of switching elements are provided. Odd-numbered drive pulses are applied to switching elements corresponding to a first series of color video signals, and even-numbered drive pulses are applied to switching elements corresponding to a second series of color video signals. For example, when used as a panel for displaying analog video signals, it is sufficient to supply output from a single series of sample hold circuit provided outside the panel to two series of color video signal lines and, when used as a panel for graphics display, it is sufficient to supply output from a sample hold circuit for two series of color video signals to two series of color video signal lines. Therefore, it is possible to provide an active matrix panel for displaying both analog video and CG characters.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to an active matrix panel with a built-in data line drive circuit and to a display device using the panel. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     On an active matrix panel in which a polycrystal silicon is used for a channel of a thin film transistor (hereinafter referred to as TFT), pixel electrodes and TFTs for picture element which are provided correspondingly to the electrodes are arranged in the form of matrix, and a plurality of data lines and scanning lines are arranged according to the TFTs also in the form of matrix. A built-in drive circuit for supplying data signals and scanning signals to the data lines and the scanning lines is provided in the same active matrix panel on which the pixel TFTs are formed. 
     Examples of such built-in type conventional data line drive circuits are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In a data line drive circuit  1  as shown in FIG. 1, a series of RGB color video signals are input to the circuit which is composed of three color video signal lines  1 R,  1 G, and  1 B for leading a series of RGB color video signals in a panel; switching elements  11 ,  21 ,  31  . . . for connecting data lines D 1 , D 4 , D 7  . . . to the color video signal line  1 R; switching elements  12 ,  22 ,  32  . . . for connecting data lines D 2 , D 5 , D 8  . . . to the color video signal line  1 G; switching elements  13 ,  23 ,  33  . . . for connecting data lines D 3 , D 6 , D 9  . . . to the color video signal line  1 B; and a drive pulse generating circuit comprising a shift register  4  for sequentially generating drive pulses PA 1 , PA 2 , PA 3  . . . in response to clock signals CLKS. The drive pulse PA 1  at the first stage of the shift register  4  is applied to the switching elements  11 ,  12 , and  13 , then the drive pulse PA 2  at the next stage is applied to the switching elements  21 ,  22 , and  23 , and subsequently same processes are repeated, in other words, the respective identical drive pulses are applied to each three switching elements corresponding to the BRG color video signals. 
     At the exterior of the panel, as shown in FIG. 3, are provided a sample hold circuit  100  for a series of RGB color video signals which sequentially performs sampling of each RGB color video signal and simultaneously output hold signals for a prescribed period, and an inversion amplifier  200  which amplifies each of the RGB signals having gone through sample hold and outputs the signal after inverting it at every horizontal period and vertical period. It is arranged so that three outputs of the inversion amplifier  200  are input to the three color video signal lines  1 R,  1 G, and  1 B in the panel. 
     Thus, when the drive pulse PA 1  becomes high level, the switching elements  11 ,  12 , and  13 , which correspond to a series of RGB signals equivalent to three dots, are simultaneously turned on. Then, video signals input to the three color video signal lines  1 R,  1 G, and  1 B are simultaneously supplied to the data lines D 1 , D 2 , and D 3 . Similarly, when the drive pulses PA 2 , PA 3  . . . Sequentially become high level, respective RGB video signals equivalent to three dots are simultaneously supplied to the data lines. 
     Here, the video signal lines  1 R,  1 G, and  1 B have various parasitic capacities and line resistance, whereby video signals are delayed. In a circuit of a three dot corresponding system as shown in FIG. 3, new video signals are input to each of the video signal lines at intervals of three dots from an external sample hold circuit. Thus, for example, when a video signal three dots before is black level and a video signal three dots after is white level, when a delay of the video signal is great, a part of the black level is mixed with the white level three dots later, whereby a ghost of intermediate level may arise. 
     Such a ghost is negligible in displaying ordinary analog video signals for television or the like, but is very conspicuous when the display is used for displaying graphics. Thus, a circuit shown in FIG. 2 is occasionally used to prevent such ghosts from appearing. 
     A data line drive circuit  2  for inputting two series of RGB color video signals as shown in FIG. 2 is composed of six color video signal lines  1 R,  1 G,  1 B,  2 R,  2 G, and  2 B for leading two series of RGB color video signals in the panel; switching elements  11 ,  31  . . . for connecting data lines D 1 , D 7  . . . to the color video signal line  1 R; switching elements  12 ,  32  . . . for connecting data lines D 2 , D 8  . . . to the color video signal line  1 G; switching elements  13 ,  33  . . . for connecting data lines D 3 , D 9  . . . to the color video signal line  1 B; switching elements  21 ,  41  . . . for connecting data lines D 4 , D 10  . . . to the color video signal line  2 R; switching elements  22 ,  42  . . . for connecting data lines D 5 , D 11  . . . to the color video signal line  2 G; switching elements  23 ,  43  . . . for connecting data lines D 6 , D 12  . . . to the color video signal line  2 B; and a drive pulse generating circuit comprising a shift register  5  for sequentially generating drive pulses PB 1 , PB 2 , PB 3  . . . in response to clock signals CLKs. The drive pulse PB 1  at the first stage of the shift register  5  is applied to the switching elements  11 ,  12 ,  13 ,  21 ,  22 , and  23 , then the drive pulse PB 2  at the next stage is applied to the switching elements  31 ,  32 ,  33 ,  41 ,  42 , and  43 , and subsequently same processes are repeated, in other words, the respective identical drive pulses are applied to each six switching elements corresponding to two series of RGB color video signals. 
     When graphics are displayed, a video signal to be input is typically an 8-bit-per-dot digital signal. At the exterior of the panel, there are provided a sample hold circuit  300  for two series of RGB signals which sequentially perform sampling of each series of RGB color video signals and simultaneously output hold signals equivalent to six dots for a prescribed period, a D/A converter  400  for converting digital signals equivalent to six dots supplied from the sample hold circuit  300  into analog signals, and an inversion amplifier  500  which amplifies the converted analog signals equivalent to six dots and outputs the signals after inverting them at every horizontal period and vertical period. It is arranged so that six outputs of the amplifier  500  are input to the six color video signal lines  1 R,  1 G,  1 B,  2 R,  2 G, and  2 B in the panel. 
     Thus, when the drive pulse PB 1  becomes high level, the switching elements  11 ,  12 ,  13 ,  21 ,  22 , and  23  which correspond to two series of RGB color video signals equivalent to six dots are simultaneously turned on, and video signals input to the six color video signal lines  1 R,  1 G,  1 B,  2 R,  2 G, and  2 B are then supplied simultaneously to the data lines D 1 , D 2 , D 3 , D 4 , D 5 , and D 6 . Similarly, when the drive pulses PA 2 , PB 3  . . . sequentially become high level, respective RGB video signals equivalent to six dots are simultaneously supplied to the data lines. 
     With this constitution, new video signals are input to each of the video signal lines from an external sample hold circuit at intervals of six dots. Thus, even when a video signal six dots before is black level, a video signal six dots later is white level, and a delay of video signals is great, a part of the black level will not mix with the white level and ghost images can be prevented. Thus, such constitution of six dots corresponding system is optimum when graphic images are displayed. 
     As described above, a conventional three dots system circuit such as is shown in FIG. 1 is not sufficient for displaying graphics because such ghosts will arise. However, ghosts can be ignored when ordinary analog video signals are displayed and in such a system it is sufficient to have a series of external sample hold circuit. Thus, conventional circuit have advantages in terms of cost. On the other hand, a circuit of six dots system shown in FIG. 2 can prevent ghosts and is therefore suitable for displaying graphics. However, because a plurality of series of external sample hold circuits are required, this system makes it costly to display ordinary analog video signals. Thus, it is optimum that a circuit such as shown in FIG. 1 be used to display ordinary analog video signals and a circuit such as shown in FIG. 2 be used for graphic applications. 
     However, the circuits shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 differ not only in the constitution of the respective external sample hold circuit, but also in the constitution of the respective built-in data line drive circuits of the panels. Thus, different panels must be used to display ordinary analog video signals or graphics. In other words, two designs are required for the panels, and design and production costs are increased when two types of panels must be manufactured. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is directed to providing an active matrix panel which can be used for displaying both ordinary analog video signals and graphics by enabling the active matrix panel to apply to, for example, both a three dots corresponding system and a six dots corresponding system. 
     The present invention can be in the form of an active matrix panel, wherein on its substrate, there are provided pixel electrodes and thin film transistors arranged in the form of matrix; data lines and scanning lines which are connected with the thin film transistors; and a data line drive circuit for supplying video signals to the data lines. This data line drive circuit comprises: a plurality of series of color video signal lines for receiving in the active matrix panel a plurality of input color video signal series; a plurality of switching elements for connecting the plurality of color video signal lines to corresponding data lines; and a drive pulse generating circuit for generating drive pulses for controlling the opening and closing of the plurality of switching elements at a respective predetermined timings, wherein different drive pulses are applied to the switching elements at every series classified corresponding to the series of the color video signals. 
     Further, in another aspect of the present invention, a display device comprises: an active matrix panel as described above; a single series of sample hold circuit for sampling and holding external color video signals; and an output line for branching outputs of the single series of sample hold circuit into a plurality of series and transmitting them, wherein signals to be transmitted to the output line are supplied at every series as the plurality of series of color video signals to the plurality of series of color video signal lines of the active matrix panel. 
     Further, in another aspect of the present invention, a display device comprises: an active matrix panel as described above; and a sample hold circuit for sampling and holding a plurality of series of external color video signals and outputting hold signals at every series at different timing, wherein output of the sample hold circuit is supplied to corresponding series among the plurality of series of color video signal lines of the active matrix panel. 
     As described above, according to the present invention, the same active matrix panel can be used for both display of ordinary analog video (for example, display for television) and display of computer graphics (CG) or character display, whereby design waste can be reduced or eliminated. Further, by providing a plurality of series of shift registers which generate drive pulses, the operating frequency can be lowered. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an example of conventional panels for displaying analog video. 
     FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of conventional panels for displaying graphics. 
     FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an external circuit to be connected to the circuit shown in FIG. 1 in a display device. 
     FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an external circuit to be connected to the circuit shown in FIG. 2 in a display device. 
     FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a part of an active matrix panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 6 is a timing chart describing operation of circuit in a display device according to the embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing the main portion of an active matrix panel according to another embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 8 is a timing chart describing operation of circuit in the panel shown in FIG.  7 . 
     FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing an external circuit of a panel in a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing an external circuit of the panel in the display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an active matrix panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, numeral  10  indicates a display area where a plurality of scanning lines S 1 , S 2  . . . and a plurality of data lines D 1 , D 2  . . . are arranged in such a manner that they are perpendicular to each other, and near the points of intersection, TFTs  101 ,  102  . . . are formed. A gate electrode of the respective TFTs is connected to the respective scanning lines (S 1  . . . Sn) and a drain electrode is connected to the respective data lines (D 1  . . . Dn). On the other hand, each source electrode of the TFTs  101 ,  102  . . . is connected to respective pixel electrodes  111 ,  112  . . . which are arranged in the form of matrix, and liquid crystal is sealed in between the pixel electrodes and common electrodes (COMs) which are arranged facing to each other. 
     In this panel, a scanning line drive circuit and a data line drive circuit  3  are built in together with the display area, and scanning line signals are supplied to the scanning lines S 1 , S 2  . . . from the scanning line drive circuit which is not shown in the drawings. 
     Further, the data line drive circuit  3  is comprised six color video signal lines  1 R,  1 G,  1 B,  2 R,  2 G, and  2 B for receiving two series of RGB color video signals in the panel; switching elements  11 ,  31  . . . for connecting the data lines D 1 , D 7  . . . to the color video signal line  1 R; switching elements  12 ,  32  . . . for connecting the data lines D 2 , D 8  . . . to the color video signal line  1 G; switching elements  13 ,  33  . . . for connecting the data lines D 3 , D 9  . . . to the color video signal line  1 B; switching elements  21 ,  41  . . . for connecting the data lines D 4 , D 10  . . . to the color video signal line  2 R; switching elements  22 ,  42  . . . for connecting the data lines D 5 , D 11  . . . to the color video signal line  2 G; switching elements  23 ,  43  . . . for connecting the data lines D 6 , D 12  . . . to the color video signal line  2 B; and a drive pulse generating circuit  6  comprising a series of shift register  60  for sequentially generating drive pulses PC 1 , PC 2 , PC 3  . . . in response to clock signals CLKs. Drive pulse PC 1  at the first stage of the shift register  60  is applied to the switching elements  11 ,  12 , and  13 , drive pulse PC 2  at the next stage is applied to the switching elements  21 ,  22 , and  23 , and the same processes are subsequently repeated. In other words, the respective drive pulses at different stages of the shift register are applied to each three switching elements. 
     More specifically, the drive pulses PC 1 , PC 3  . . . at odd stages of the shift register  60  are applied to each three switching elements of the same series which are connected to the first series of video signal lines  1 R,  1 G, and  1 B. The drive pulses PC 2 , PC 4  . . . at even stages of the shift register  60  are applied to each three switching elements of the same series different from the above-mentioned series which are connected to the second series of video signal lines  2 R,  2 G, and  2 B. 
     Here, the shift register  60  is constituted such that a latch circuit which operates in response to a rise of clock signal CLK and a latch circuit which operates in response to a fall of clock signal CLK are alternately connected. A start signal STH which becomes high level for about one cycle of the clock signal CLK is input to an input terminal at the first stage. The clock signal CLK is used for determining timing of writing each signal corresponding to a pixel into crystal liquid, synchronizes with a dot clock, and its cycle is set to be six times that of the dot clock. 
     First, a case of applying the panel to the three dots corresponding system will be described. 
     In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, at the exterior of the panel, there are provided the sample hold circuit  100  for a series of RGB color video signals for sequentially sampling each RGB color video signal and simultaneously outputting hold signals for a prescribed period, and the inversion amplifier  200  for amplifying each RGB signal which has under gone sample hold, and outputting the signals after inverting them at every horizontal and vertical period. There is also provided an external color video signal line  210  for branching a series of three outputs from the inversion amplifier  200  into two series of six outputs and leading them out to the panel. It is arranged so that six outputs from the external color video signal line  210  are input to the six color video signal lines IR,  1 G,  1 B,  2 R,  2 G, and  2 B in the panel. 
     In the sample hold circuit  100 , the sample hold circuits  101 ,  102 ,  103  perform sample hold of the respective analog color signals R, G, and B to be input at a timing which is successively delayed by one third of the cycle of clock signal CLK in response to sampling clocks CKR, CKG, and CKB which are shown by waveforms (a), (b), and (c) in FIG.  6 . Further, sample hold circuits  104  and  105  further perform sample hold of output of the sample hold circuits  101  and  102  at the same timing as that of the sample hold circuit  103  in response to the sampling clock CKB which is shown by waveform (c). 
     Thus, RGB video signals equivalent to three dots VR 1 , VG 1 , and VB 1  which constitute one pixel are simultaneously input to the first series of color video signal lines  1 R,  1 B, and  1 G in the panel, as shown by a waveform (j) in FIG.  6 . These video signals are held for a half cycle of the clock signal CLK, and afterward new video signals are input every half cycle. Further, since the external video signal line  210  merely branches the same video signal, as shown by a waveform (k) in FIG. 6, video signals VR 2 , VG 2 , and VB 2  identical to the video signals VR 1 , VG 1 , and VB 1  are input to the second series of color video signal lines  2 R,  2 B, and  2 G in the panel, too. 
     On the other hand, when a start signal STH as shown by waveform (e) in FIG. 6 is input to the shift register  60 , a drive pulse PC 1  from the first stage becomes high level in response to a rise of the clock signal CLK as shown by waveform (f) in FIG.  6  and the high level is maintained for a cycle of the clock signal CLK. Further, in response to a fall of the clock signal CLK, a drive pulse PC 2  from the next stage becomes high level as shown by a waveform (g) in FIG. 6, and the high level is maintained for a cycle of the clock signal CLK. The same processes are repeated, or, in other words, respective drive pulses PC 3 , PC 4  . . . which become high level for a cycle are sequentially output at every half cycle of the clock signal CLK, as shown by waveforms (h) and (i) in FIG.  6 . As described above, among these drive pulses, drive pulses from odd stages PC 1 , PC 3  . . . are applied to each three switching elements which are connected to the first series of video signal lines  1 R,  1 G, and  1 B, and drive pulses from even stages PC 2 , PC 4  . . . are applied to each three switching elements which are connected to the second series of video signal lines  2 R,  2 G, and  2 B. 
     Therefore, during a period T 1  of the drive pulse PC 1  being high level, three switching elements  11 ,  12 , and  13  are turned on and three dots video signals O 1  from the first series of video signal lines  1 R,  1 G, and  1 B are supplied to the data lines D 1 , D 2 , and D 3 . And, during the next period T 2  of the drive pulse PC 2  of being high level, three switching elements  21 ,  22 , and  23  are turned on and three dot video signals O 2  from the second series of video signal lines  2 R,  2 G, and  2 B are supplied to the data lines D 4 , D 5 , and D 6 . Similarly, when drive pulses PC 3 , PC 4  . . . sequentially become high level, the first and second series of each three dots video signals are alternately supplied to the respective corresponding data lines. Here, although two series of video signal lines are provided in the panel, video signals for the same dot are input to the first and second series of signal lines (VR 1 =VR 2 , VG 1 =VG 2 , and VB 1 =VB 2 ), and therefore new video signals are inputted to each video signal line at every three dots. In other words, driving by the three dots corresponding system is realized. 
     Next, a case which the panel is applied to a six dots corresponding system will be described. 
     Here, when, for example, for the purpose of displaying computer graphics, video signals to be input are 8-bit-per-dot digital signals and three dots RGB video signals corresponding to one pixel are simultaneously supplied. 
     In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, at the exterior of the panel are provided a sample hold circuit  600  for two series of RGB color video signals for sequentially sampling each series of RGB color video signals and outputting hold signals equivalent to three dots at different timing, a D/A converter  400  for converting digital signals equivalent to six dots from the sample hold circuit  600  into analog signals, and an inversion amplifier  500  for amplifying the converted analog signals equivalent to six dots and outputting the signals after inverting them at every horizontal period and vertical period. It is arranged so that six outputs of the amplifier  500  are input to six color video signal lines  1 R,  1 G,  1 B,  2 R,  2 G, and  2 B in the panel. 
     The sample hold circuit  600  comprises D flip flops  601 ,  602 , and  603  equivalent to three dots for sample hold input digital video signals in response to a sample clock CK 1  and D flip flops  604 ,  605 , and  606  equivalent to three dots for sample hold input digital video signals in response to a sample clock CK 2 . Further, as shown by waveforms ( 1 ) and (n) in FIG. 6, the sample clock CK 1  is identical to the clock signal CLK shown by the waveform (d) and the sample clock CK 2  is an inverted clock signal CLK. Thus, as shown by a waveform (m), three dots RGB video signals VR 1 , VG 1 , and VB 1  which constitute one pixel are simultaneously input to the first series of color video signal lines  1 R,  1 B, and  1 G in the panel in response to a rise of the sample clock CK 1 . These video signals are held for a cycle of the clock signal CLK and then new video signals are input at every cycle. Further, as shown by a waveform (o) in FIG.  6 , three dots RGB video signals VR 2 , VG 2 , and VB 2  which constitute one pixel are simultaneously input to the second series of color video signal lines  2 R,  2 B, and  2 G, in the panel in response to arise of the sample clock CK 2 . These signals are held for a cycle of the clock signal CLK, and then new video signals are input at every cycle. 
     Therefore, during the period T 1  of the drive pulse PC 1  being high level, three switching elements  11 ,  12 , and  13  are turned on, and three dots video signals O 1  from the first series of video signal lines  1 R,  1 G, and  1 B are supplied to the respective corresponding data lines D 1 , D 2 , and D 3 . During the next period T 2  of the PC 2  being high level, three switching elements  21 ,  22 , and  23  are turned on, and three dots video signals O 2  from the second series of video signal lines  2 R,  2 G, and  2 B are supplied to the respective corresponding data lines D 4 , D 5 , and D 6 . Similarly, when drive pulses PC 3 , PC 4  . . . sequentially become high level, the first and second series of video signals equivalent to three dots are alternately supplied to the respective corresponding data lines. 
     Here, since the sample hold circuit  600  performs sampling at different timing at intervals of one pixel (RGB signals equivalent to three dots), unlike the circuit shown in FIG. 9, video signals corresponding to different pixels are input to the first and second series of video signal lines in the panel. Therefore, new video signals are input to each of the video signal lines only at every six dots. In other words, driving by the six pixel corresponding system can be realized and this system enables optimum graphics display. 
     With respect to the constitution of a circuit shown in FIG. 5, since the drive pulse generating circuit  6  is comprised one series of shift register  60 , it is necessary to operate the shift register  60  using high speed clock signals CLKS. If it is difficult to do so, the drive pulse generating circuit  6  may be composed of a plurality of series of shift registers. 
     FIG. 7 shows an example drive pulse generating circuit  6  comprises two series of shift registers  61  and  62 . In this example, the constitution of the respective shift registers is nearly identical to that of the shift register  60 , and the frequency of clock signals CK 1 , CK 2  and the start signal STH to be applied is half as much as that of the signals to be applied the shift register  60 . Further, AND gates  63 ,  65  . . . which calculate logical product of an output are provided at a certain stage and an output at the next stage of the shift register  61 , and these outputs are intended to be drive pulses PC 1 , PC 3  . . . for the switching elements connected to the first series of video signal lines  1 R,  1 G, and  1 B. Similarly, AND gates  64  and  66  . . . which calculate product of an output are provided at a certain stage and an output are provided at the next stage of the shift register  62 , and these outputs are intended to be drive pulses PC 2 , PC 4  . . . for the switching elements connected to the second series of video signal lines  2 R,  2 G, and  2 B. 
     With the constitution described above, as shown by the waveform (d) in FIG. 8, from each stage of the first series of shift register  61 , outputs PD 1 , PD 2 , PD 3  . . . whose pulse width is equivalent to one cycle of the clock signal CK 1 , namely, two cycles of the clock signal CLK are sequentially output synchronizing with a rise of the clock signal CLK. Further, as shown by waveforms (h) to (j) in FIG. 8, from each stage of the second series of shift register, outputs PE 1 , PE 2 , PE 3  . . . whose pulse width is equivalent to one cycle of the clock signal CK 2 , namely, two cycles of the clock signal CLK are sequentially output synchronizing with a fall of the clock signal CLK. 
     Thus, as shown by waveforms (k), (l), (m), and (n) in FIG. 8, from the AND gates  62 ,  63 ,  64  . . . , drive pulses PC 1 , PC 2 , PC 3  . . . which are identical to those shown by waveforms (f), (g), (h), and (i) in FIG. 6 are output. In other words, the drive pulse generating circuit which is composed of two series of shift registers  61  and  62  shown in FIG. 7 only requires a half operating frequency and performs the same operation as that of a series of shift register  60  shown in FIG.  5 . 
     Although a circuit having two series of video signal lines has been described above, it may also be preferable to have three or more series of video signal lines.