Abstract:
A liquid crystal display device includes a thin film transistor substrate, on which a plurality of data lines and gate lines are positioned perpendicular to each other; a plurality of pixel electrodes formed near intersections of the data lines and the gate lines; a color filter substrate positioned parallel to the thin film transistor substrate, including a color filter layer, a black matrix and a common electrode formed thereon; a polymer wall arrangement formed either on the thin film transistor substrate or on the color filter substrate dividing the substrate into a plurality of liquid crystal panels; and at least one liquid crystal injection opening formed on each panel of the plurality of liquid crystal panels.

Description:
This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 61968/2000, filed in Korea on Oct. 20, 2000, which is hereby incorporated by reference. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal injection method in which a polymer wall is placed in the inside of a large panel and liquid crystal injection openings are formed on each of smaller panels created by a polymer wall, in order to simultaneously inject a liquid crystal in each opening. 
     2. Discussion of the Related Art 
     As shown in FIG. 1, a liquid crystal display device comprises a color filter substrate  10  and a thin film transistor (TFT) substrate  20 , which are positioned parallel to each other at the top and bottom, respectively, of the liquid crystal display device. A sealed liquid cell that contains the liquid crystal surrounds the substrate  10 . The liquid crystal display, using a property of liquid crystal having dielectric anisotropy, exhibits characters, numbers, and other optional designs. Such an arrangement has been widely used for display panel sections of electronic equipment such as watches. 
     The color filter substrate  10  includes a transparent substrate  11 , a color filter layer  12  and a black matrix (BM) film  13  formed on the inside of the transparent substrate  11 . Furthermore, a common electrode  14  made of ITO material is formed abutting the color filter layer  12  and the BM film  13 . 
     The TFT substrate  20  comprises a plurality of gate bus lines  22  and data bus lines  23  formed on the inside of a lower transparent substrate  21 . A plurality of switching elements shown as TFTs  24  are positioned close to the intersections of the gate bus lines  22  and the data bus lines  23 . A plurality of square-shaped pixel electrodes  25  are surrounded by the gate bus lines  22  and the data bus lines  23  and are connected to the drain electrodes of the TFTs  24 . 
     Well-known liquid crystal injection methods of a liquid crystal display include an injection method using a capillary effect and an induction method using a vacuum. 
     As an example of injection methods, a DIP method in which liquid crystal is injected inside of a panel using a capillary effect is shown in FIG.  2 . Referring to FIG. 2, the DIP method comprises a first process of generating a vacuum in a vacuum chamber  1 ; a second process of pressing a liquid crystal  1   b  of a liquid crystal container (LC container)  1   c  in the vacuum chamber  1  to an injection opening (not shown) of a liquid crystal  1   a  cell, after the vacuum is generated in the vacuum chamber  1 ; a third process of injecting the liquid crystal  1   b  of the LC container  1   c  in the liquid crystal cell  1   a  by a capillary effect; the pressure difference between the inside of the liquid crystal cell  1   a  and that of the vacuum chamber  1  causes the pressure of the vacuum chamber  1  to increase to atmospheric pressure; and, a fourth process of separating the LC container  1   c  when all of the liquid crystal  1   b  is injected into the liquid crystal cell  1   a.    
     In other words, according to the liquid crystal injection method described above, a vacuum is generated in the vacuum chamber  1 , and a guidance section of the LC container  1   c  on the inside of the vacuum chamber  1  and an injection opening of the liquid crystal cell  1   a  are joined by applying a certain degree of pressure. 
     When the liquid crystal of the LC container  1   c  and the injection opening of the liquid crystal cell  1   a  are combined, the liquid crystal  1   b  of the LC container  1   c  is injected inside of the liquid crystal cell  1   a  by a capillary effect and by the pressure difference between the inside of the liquid crystal cell  1   a  and the vacuum chamber  1 . Once all of the liquid crystal  1   b  is injected in the liquid crystal cell  1   a , the LC container  1   c  is separated and the liquid crystal injection process is complete. 
     As stated above, the vacuum is generated in the vacuum chamber  1  before the liquid crystal cell  1   a  and the LC container  1   c  are combined and the liquid crystal  1   b  is injected in the liquid crystal cell  1   a  by a capillary effect and by the pressure difference between the inside of the liquid crystal cell  1   a  and the vacuum chamber  1 . 
     However, there is a problem in the liquid crystal injection method employing the aforementioned capillary effect and pressure difference in that the liquid injection time is increased as a panel is enlarged. Namely, a large-scale panel and narrow cell spacing require a great deal of effort, especially during the injection process, and as a result, productivity is relatively low. 
     In order to overcome the problems in the liquid crystal injection method using such capillary action, methods including lowering the viscosity of the liquid crystal (heating) or increasing the pressure difference inside the panel have been utilized. 
     As shown in FIG. 3, an injection opening and exhaust openings are formed in a panel  10  placed inside a heating/pressing chamber  80 . An injection connector  11  is connected to the injection opening and exhaust connectors  12  are connected to the exhaust openings. First to ninth valves  51 - 59  function to open and close pipe  70 , and traps  41  and  42  function to prevent reverse-flow. 
     In addition, in order to pump the inside of the panel  10  using a first pump  21 , the seventh valve  57  and the third valve  53  are closed, whereas the first valve  51 , the second valve  52  and the fourth valve  54  are opened, respectively, making the inside of the panel a high vacuum state by using the first pump  21 . 
     Next, the first valve  51  connected to the injection connector  11  is closed in order to maintain the high vacuum state, and the third valve  53  connected to a deformation pressing tank  30  is opened and then pumped in order to defoam the liquid crystal inside of the defoamation pressing tank  30 . 
     In this state, by opening the first valve  51 , the seventh valve  57  and the eighth valve  58 , and adding pressure on the outside of the defoamation pressing tank  30 , the liquid crystal inside of the tank is injected through the third valve  53 , the first valve  51  and the injection connector  11 . 
     The mechanical relation according to the method described above is as follows: V∝ΔP/η, wherein, V is an injection speed; ΔP is a pressure difference between a panel and a chamber; and, η is viscosity of liquid crystal. Here, the liquid crystal injected into the panel  10  is induced through an exhaust connector  12  according to the second pump  22 . That is, the injection connector  11  is for injecting liquid crystal, and the exhaust connector  12  is for taking in the liquid crystal resulting in the reduction of liquid crystal injection time. 
     Unfortunately, the injection-exhaust method shown in FIG. 3 has several problems in that during a whole period of liquid crystal injection time in a large-scale panel, an exhaust section should be continuously opened. Thus, if chemically volatile material is included in the liquid crystal, then such material easily evaporates through the open exhaust connector. Further, since the injection speed is forced to speed up, it is always possible to damage the surface of an alignment layer due to a flow of liquid crystal. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a liquid crystal display and liquid crystal injection method that substantially obviate one or more of the problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art. 
     An object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device and injection method for reducing liquid crystal injection time by forming polymer walls to make small panels, where a liquid crystal injection opening is assigned to each panel, and through a connector combining each injection opening and liquid crystal supply section, every small panel is at a high vacuum state for liquid crystal to be injected. 
     Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings. 
     To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the present invention, as embodied and broadly described, the liquid crystal display device includes a thin film transistor substrate, on which a plurality of data lines and gate lines are positioned perpendicular to each other; a plurality of pixel electrodes formed near intersections of the data lines and the gate lines; a color filter substrate positioned parallel to the thin film transistor substrate, including a color filter layer, a black matrix and a common electrode formed thereon; a polymer wall arrangement formed either on the thin film transistor substrate or on the color filter substrate dividing the substrate into a plurality of liquid crystal panels; and at least one liquid crystal injection opening formed on each panel of the plurality of liquid crystal panels. 
     In another aspect, the liquid crystal injection method according to the present invention includes forming a polymer wall an arrangement on a substrate; dividing the substrate into a plurality of liquid crystal panels by the polymer wall arrangement; connecting a plurality of liquid crystal injection openings and liquid crystal supply sections to the plurality of liquid crystal panels; generating a vacuum inside at least one panel of the plurality of liquid crystal panels by pumping through at least one liquid crystal injection opening of the plurality of liquid crystal injection openings to create a high vacuum state in the panel; defoaming liquid crystal in a defoamation pressing tank; and injecting the liquid crystal from the defoamation pressing tank to the panel through at least one liquid crystal injection opening of the plurality of liquid crystal injection openings. 
     In yet another aspect, the liquid crystal injection method according to the present invention includes arranging a thin film transistor substrate parallel to a color filter substrate, wherein the color filter substrate has a color filter layer, a black matrix and a common electrode; foaming a polymer wall arrangement, either on the thin film transistor substrate or on the color filter substrate, which divides the substrate into a plurality of smaller liquid crystals panels; forming a liquid crystal injection opening on each of the small liquid crystal panels; generating a vacuum inside of the substrate by pumping the liquid crystal injection openings; defoaming a liquid crystal inside of a defoamation pressing tank; and injecting the liquid crystal from the tank into the substrate through at least one of the liquid crystal injection openings. 
     It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. 
     FIG. 1 is a systematic diagram illustrating a related art liquid crystal display device. 
     FIG. 2 illustrates a related art liquid crystal injection method using a conventional capillary effect and pressure difference processes. 
     FIG. 3 illustrates a related art arrangement for carrying out a liquid crystal injection method based on a conventional induction method. 
     FIG. 4 illustrates a panel divided into small size panels for a liquid crystal injection method according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 5 illustrates an arrangement for carrying out a liquid crystal injection method according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating a liquid crystal injection method according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. 
     FIG. 4 illustrates a panel divided into smaller size panels for carrying, out a liquid crystal injection method according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 illustrates an arrangement for carrying out a liquid crystal injection method according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating a liquid crystal injection method according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring first to FIG. 4, a polymer wall  111  is provided inside of a large panel  100  to divide the panel  100  into small panels  110   a - 110   d , and a liquid crystal injection opening  112  is set up in the outside of each small panel for liquid crystal injection. 
     As shown in FIG. 5, there is a connector  120  for connecting an injection opening  112  and a liquid crystal supply section formed on each small panel  110   a - 110   d , first to sixth valves  141 - 146  for opening/closing of a pipe  130 , and a defoamation pressing tank  160  for exhausting liquid crystal through the pipe  130  by adding pressure, a trap  170  for preventing a reverse-flow. In this arrangement and methodology, dry air is injected to press the defoamation pressing tank  160 . 
     A liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal injection method according to the preferred embodiments of the present invention are now explained with reference to particular drawings. 
     First of all, as shown in FIG. 4, the polymer wall  111  having a cross shape (+) is formed on either a color filter substrate or a TFT substrate, for example, in order to make a large panel  100  smaller, thereby dividing the large panel with the polymer wall  111  into a number of small panels  110   a - 110   d.    
     Here, the polymer wall  111  functions as a spacer to maintain a space between cells and separates the small panels  110   a - 110   d  from one another. As for the inside of every small panel  110   a - 110   d , a polymer-patterned spacer is formed or a bead spacer is spread, for example, to maintain a regular space between cells on a color filter substrate and a TFT substrate of a liquid crystal display device. 
     Preferably, a polymer-patterned spacer in each separated panel is used because if the bead spacer is spread, it might climb up the cross-shaped polymer wall  111 . 
     The polymer wall is preferably made of a scaling agent-like material, and possibly more than one polymer wall is formed parallel to a side of the large panel  100 . 
     The large panel  100  may be divided into 4 small panels  110   a-d , as shown in FIG.  4 . 
     Then, the liquid injection openings  112  may assigned to each of the small panels  110   a - 110   d , and thereafter the liquid crystal is injected through pressurization after a high vacuum state is established therein. 
     Referring to FIG. 5, in order to supply liquid crystal to an injection opening  112  on partially paneled small panels  110   a - 110   d , respectively, a connector  120  is used to connect a liquid crystal supply section and a liquid crystal injection opening  112 . Regarding the connector  120 , a connector made in Beldex Co. of Japan has been commercially used. 
     A vacuum is generated inside of the panel (approximately 10 −6  torr) by closing the third valve  143  connected to a defoamation pressing tank  160  and directly pumping by pump  150  the inside of the panel connected to the connector  120 . At this time, the first, second, and fourth valve  141 ,  142 , and  144  remain opened. 
     Since pumping is conducted directly to each small panel  110   a - 110   d  connected to the connector  120 , the time required for pumping is greatly reduced when compared to a time required for pumping an entire large panel. 
     In addition, to maintain the inside of the small panels  110   a - 110   d  at a certain degree of vacuum state (approximately 10 −6  torr), the first valve  141  is closed while the third valve  143  is left open, and then a defoamation pressing tank  160  is pumped to defoam the liquid crystal inside of the tank. To prevent any chemical components in the liquid crystal from being volatilized, the tank should be pumped at a lower vacuum level than that of the inside of the small panels, for example, approximately from 10 −3  torr. 
     In other words, although the pumping of the small panel inside and defoaming liquid crystal can be performed simultaneously, they are preferably performed separately in order to prevent the loss of any volatile chemical components in the liquid crystal due to the high vacuum level in the panel. 
     After pumping the panel and defoaming, the liquid crystal, the fourth valve  144  connected to a pump  150  is closed, and the first valve  141  that was closed during the defoamation procedure is opened. And, by pressing the outside of the defoamation pressing tank  160  using dry air, the liquid crystal from the tank is successfully injected into each of the small panels  110   a - 110   d . At this time, the first to third valves  141 - 143 , and the sixth valve  146  remain open. 
     A liquid crystal injection method according to the liquid crystal injection device shown in FIG. 5 is explained by the flowchart of FIG.  6 . In step S 101 , liquid crystal is injected to small panels  110   a - 110   d  that are formed by dividing a large panel  100  into smaller sized panels using a polymer wall arrangement  111 , each small panel having a liquid crystal injection opening  112  and a liquid crystal supply section connected through a connector  120 . 
     Following the step S 101 , the inside of each small panel  110   a - 110   d  is pumped to establish a high vacuum state, and, when the vacuum level of the inside of the panel reaches a certain level, the first valve  141  is closed to maintain the high vacuum level in step S 102 . 
     Then, in step S 103 , the third valve  143  connected to a defoamation pressing tank  160  is opened, and the tank is pumped to defoam the liquid crystal inside (S 103 ). Here, the pumping should be conducted such that the vacuum level inside the tank is maintained at a level lower than that of the small panel. 
     After pumping and defoaming the small panels  110   a - 110   d , step S 104  is performed in which the fourth valve  144  connected to the pump is closed, and the first valve  141  that was closed during the defoamation is opened, and, by pressing the outside of the defoamation pressing tank  160 , the liquid crystal inside the tank is injected in each small panel  110   a - 110   d  through a connector  120 . Finally, bagging the injection opening  112  of the large panel  100  followed by a cleaning process completes the liquid crystal injection process. 
     In this manner, the large panel  100  is divided into small panels  100   a - 100   d  by using the polymer wall arrangement  111 . For example, four panels are formed if a cross polymer wall is employed, and 3 panels are formed if two parallel polymer walls are employed. Then, the liquid crystal is injected in each small panel at the same time, which consequently reduces the liquid crystal injection time and improves shock resistance by using a cross-shaped polymer wall. 
     In conclusion, according to the present invention, the polymer wall is formed on a color filter substrate or a TFT substrate inside of a large panel in order to divide the large panel into small size panels. And, a spacer or a polymer-patterned spacer is spread on each small panel between the polymer walls to regulate the space between the color filter substrate and the TFT substrate. A connector is connected to a liquid injection opening formed on each small panel, which serves to raise the vacuum level inside of each panel and to inject liquid crystal through each injection opening at the same time. Therefore, the liquid crystal injection time is greatly reduced, and shock resistance due to the polymer wall inside of the panel is improved also. 
     It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the liquid crystal display device and liquid crystal injection method of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.