Abstract:
The present invention provides an electronic circuit for detecting, identifying, and/or activating a digital device, including a touch-and-hold connector configured to hold an object of interest, the digital device coupled to the touch-and-hold connector, for example, wherein the digital device has a unique digital registration number, a microcontroller that reads the unique digital registration number of the digital device, a storage receptacle configured to selectively receive the touch-and-hold connector, a light-emitting source coupled to the storage receptacle and associated with the touch-and-hold connector, and an electrical power source.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates generally to a reader board assembly circuit, system, and method for identifying a digital device, and more particularly to a reader board assembly circuit, system, and method that enables a microcontroller or microprocessor to identify a digital device among multiple digital devices on a serial data bus, and designating this location via a light emitting source, for example. The reader board assembly circuit, system, and method of the present invention finds applicability to key control and management systems, as well as to a plurality of other systems. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     There are a number of conventional circuit designs for the detection, identification, and/or activation of digital devices that have unique digital registration numbers. One such digital device is an IButton® microprocessor (Dallas Semiconductor), which may contain a memory, a real-time clock, a transaction counter, a temperature sensor, and/or the like. The microprocessor is typically connected via a one-wire interface that is a serial data bus. In order to utilize, troubleshoot, and repair these circuit designs, the prior art discloses using a switching network to identify the location of a specific digital device. 
     What is still needed in the art, however, is a system that consists of discreet modular units that may be added or subtracted as needed, as well as a means for querying a circuit to detect, identify, and/or activate a specific module. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,693,538 (issued to Maloney on Feb. 17, 2004) discloses one specific application of the digital devices described above. Object carriers are provided for use with an object tracking and control system of a type having a storage receptacle with a tray provided with an array of slots for receiving identification (ID) tags bearing touch memory devices. A computer-based controller is provided for detecting the absence or presence and identity of ID tags disposed in the slots. The carrier includes a container with an openable panel for placing objects in and removing objects from the carrier. A thin plastic tongue projects from the carrier and bears a touch memory device. Carriers bearing objects to be tracked are placed in the storage receptacle with their tongues extending into the slots of the receptacle. The controller thus detects and logs the removal and replacement of the carrier in the storage receptacle. In one embodiment, the opening and closing of the carrier when it is not stored in the receptacle is detected and logged for tracking access to the carrier in more detail. In general, each of the carriers includes an internal addressable switch having one or more input/output (I/O) ports; an on-board sensor, such as a loop-detector sensor for detecting when an object is removed from the carrier, a reed switch for detecting the opening of the carrier, or another type of sensor depending on the intended use of the system; and a light-emitting diode (LED) attached to the carrier. 
     What is still needed in the art, however, is a system that is simpler, omitting the internal addressable switch and the one or more I/O ports, and associating the LEDs with the storage receptacle, as opposed to the carriers. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In various exemplary embodiments, the present invention provides an electronic detection, identification, and/or activation system that may be used to selectively enable a microcontroller or microprocessor to detect and identify, in order, a specific digital device among multiple digital devices. As described above, typical of such a digital device is an IButton® microprocessor, which belongs to a generic group of microprocessors that are typically disposed within a protective stainless steel can or the like. Each digital device has a unique digital registration number, and comprises an element of a module. The module also includes a microcontroller, a light-emitting source, and is connected to both a host controller (i.e. another microprocessor) and an electrical power source. The microcontroller and the digital device are in electrical communication with a serial data bus. The light-emitting source provides an identifying position signal for the digital device when activated. Typically, the light-emitting source is a light-emitting diode (LED) or the like, and it is flashed on-and-off, for example. The electrical power source may be auxiliary or, if adequate, drawn directly off the serial data bus. The overall system includes a plurality of modules. 
     According to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electronic detection, identification, and/or activation system includes a touch-and-hold connector configured to hold an object of interest, a digital device coupled to the touch-and-hold connector, wherein the digital device has a unique digital registration number, a microcontroller that reads the unique digital registration number of the digital device, a storage receptacle configured to selectively receive the touch-and-hold connector, a light-emitting source coupled to the storage receptacle and associated with the touch-and-hold connector, and an electrical power source. 
     According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, electronic detection, identification, and/or activation system includes a microprocessor, or host controller, in electrical communication with each of the microcontrollers, and, optionally, a computer coupled to the microprocessor. 
     According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electronic detection, identification, and/or activation system includes the digital device disposed within a protective housing. 
     According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electronic detection, identification, and/or activation system includes a light-emitting diode (LED) associated with the touch-and-hold connector. 
     According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electronic detection, identification, and/or activation system includes the digital device in electrical communication with a serial data bus. 
     According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electronic detection, identification, and/or activation system includes a light-emitting source that provides an identifying position signal indicating when the touch-and-hold connector is the one receiving or not receiving a digital device or multiple digital devices of interest. 
     According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electronic detection, identification, and/or activation system further includes a microprocessor, or host controller, operable for selectively illuminating the light-emitting source. 
     According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a reader board assembly system for identifying a digital device among multiple digital devices includes a plurality of touch-and-hold connectors each configured to hold an object of interest, an Ibutton® digital device selectively coupled to each touch-and-hold connector, wherein each digital device has a unique digital registration number, a plurality of microcontrollers each identifying a single Ibutton® among multiple digital devices, a plurality of storage receptacles each configured to selectively receive one of the touch-and-hold connectors, at least one light-emitting source, an electrical power source, and a host controller for sending commands to each of the microcontrollers. 
     According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an electronic detection, identification, and/or activation method includes providing a touch-and-hold connector configured to hold an object of interest, selectively providing a digital device coupled to the touch-and-hold connector, wherein the digital device has a unique digital registration number, providing a storage receptacle configured to selectively receive the touch-and-hold connector, providing a light-emitting source coupled to the storage receptacle and associated with the touch-and-hold connector, providing an electrical power source, providing a reader board assembly circuit connected to a host controller, sending commands from the host controller to the reader board assembly circuit to reset, sending commands to the reader board assembly circuit to learn all of the registration numbers of the digital devices present, and sending commands from the host controller to a reader board assembly circuit to activate and deactivate the light-emitting source. 
     According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electronic detection, identification, and/or activation method includes sending a learn command to the reader board assembly circuit and the reader board assembly circuit utilizing a Carrier Detect Multiple Access with Bit Arbitration (CDMA-BA) protocol to “fight” for a spot on the serial data bus. 
     According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electronic detection, identification, and/or activation method includes transmitting a first bit of the registration number on the serial data bus. 
     According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electronic detection, identification, and/or activation method includes detecting which logic that the serial data bus is currently learning. 
     According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electronic detection, identification, and/or activation method includes ceasing the transmittal of the digital registration number of the reader board assembly circuit when the logic placed upon the serial data bus is different that the current logic of the serial bus. 
     According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electronic detection, identification, and/or activation method includes transmitting all bits in the digital registration number for completing an ordered list of registration numbers from the lowers number to the highest number contained in the host&#39;s memory. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
       The present invention is illustrated and described herein with reference to various drawings, in which like reference numbers are used to denote like system components and/or method steps, and in which: 
         FIG. 1  is an electronic circuit diagram illustrating, in one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, how a module having a digital device detects, identifies, and/or activates that digital device using a microcontroller, a host controller, and a serial data bus. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Referring now specifically to the drawings, the reader board assembly (RBA) circuit  10  of the present invention is illustrated in  FIG. 1 . As illustrated, the RBA circuit  10  includes a microcontroller  12  or microprocessor, a touch-and-hold connector  14  or the like, a host controller  16 , a host controller connector  16   a , and a digital device  17  with a unique digital registration number. This digital device  17  is selectively coupled to the touch-and-hold connector  14  or the like, coupling the digital device  17  to the RBA circuit  10 . It will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the digital device  17  may also be permanently or otherwise coupled to the RBA circuit  10 . In general, the RBA circuit  10  enables asynchronous communications between the digital device  17 , via the touch-and-hold connector  14  or the like, and the microcontroller  12 . The information received and buffered by the microcontroller  12  is eventually communicated to the host controller  16  and, optionally, a personal computer (not illustrated) or the like. The RBA circuit  10  allows the host controller  16  to identify, locate, and/or activate a specific digital device  17  among multiple digital devices  17  via its unique digital registration number, or to detect the absence of a specific digital device  17  among multiple digital devices  17  via its unique digital registration number, as is described in greater detail herein below. 
     The RBA circuit  10  essentially forms one of a plurality of modules disposed on a board and within a case having a strikable door, for example, in the case of a key control and management system. A module is a serial data bus detection and identification circuit that enables the microcontroller  12  to detect, identify, and/or activate a specific digital device  17  associated with the module among multiple modules having multiple digital devices  17 , all connected to the same serial data bus, for example. Furthermore, the RBA circuit  10  enables a user to easily identify and locate the specific digital device  17 , as the location preferably has an associated light-emitting source  18 , such as a light-emitting diode (LED) or the like, that is selectively activated by the host controller  16 /RBA circuit  10  once the specific digital device  17  has been detected, identified, and/or activated. 
     In general, the digital device  17  may be an IButton® microprocessor (Dallas Semiconductor) or any other suitable digital device that has a unique digital registration number. The IButton® is a microprocessor that is enclosed in a 16 mm stainless steel can or the like. Because of this unique and durable stainless steel can, the IButton® may be mounted virtually anywhere because it is rugged enough to withstand harsh environments, indoors or outdoors. Thus, the digital device is durable enough to attach to a key fob, ring, or other personal item, and may be used daily for applications, such as access control for vehicles, buildings, computers, etc. The touch-and-hold 14 may be an IButton® receptacle or the like. 
     In one exemplary embodiment of the RBA circuit  10 , as illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the microcontroller  12  utilizes a firmware-based implementation of the serial data bus protocol. 
     Each digital device  17  has a distinct and identifiable digital registration number, which essentially becomes the digital registration number of the associated microcontroller  12  once the learning process has taken place. Since each digital device  17  has a different digital registration number, a specific digital device  17  may be detected, identified, and/or activated among multiple digital devices  17 . Likewise, the absence of a specific digital device  17  may be detected and identified. Only the digital registration number of a digital device  17  needs to be known to detect and identify the absence of a sought after digital device among a plurality of digital devices. This is accomplished via the use of the microcontroller  12  and host controller  16 . The microcontroller  12  is able to read the digital registration number of any digital device  17  that is placed in the touch-and-hold connector  14  or the like. The microcontroller  12  utilizes the serial data bus protocols in its firmware to detect and identify the specific digital device  17 . The digital registration number of the specific digital device  17  is used by the RBA circuit  10  to identify it on the serial data bus, such that it can be individually addressed by the host controller  16  from the plurality of modules located on the serial data bus. 
     The digital registration numbers of the RBA circuit  10  are learned through an algorithm utilizing a Carrier Detect Multiple Access with Bit Arbitration (CDMA/BA) protocol. The CDMA/BA protocol is utilized to find/learn the digital devices  17 , and is designed to allow the RBA circuit  10  to detect whether or not a serial data bus collision has occurred. The CDMA/BA protocol is also designed to allow the RBA circuit  10  to detect if the RBA circuit&#39;s digital registration numbers were successfully transmitted. 
     In operation, the host controller  16  issues a serial data bus reset command to the serial data bus. A learn command is then issued by the host controller  16  to learn all of the RBA circuit&#39;s digital registration numbers on the serial bus for the digital devices  17  that are present. In response to this learn command, the modules with an IButton® microprocessor present begin to transmit the first bit of their 64-bit digital registration number on the serial data bus. The modules transmit data in binary 1&#39;s and 0&#39;s, wherein 1 is a recessive bit and 0 is a dominant bit. If the module begins to transmit its first bit by either placing a binary 1 on the serial data bus, but the RBA circuit  10  detects that the serial data bus is currently a binary 0, the module placing a binary 1 gives up transmitting its respective digital registration number altogether. The modules that placed a binary 1 will not transmit their respective digital registration numbers until the next learn command is issued by the host controller  16  on the serial data bus. The modules that placed a binary 0 will continue to transmit their respective digital registration numbers. This bit-by-bit transmission and arbitration detection continues for the remaining 63 bits until one and only one module with the lowest number has transmitted its complete digital registration number. When this occurs, the completed module flags itself to not participate in any serial data bus commands until the next serial data bus reset command is issued. The result of this learn algorithm is a complete ordered list of all digital registration numbers from the lowest number to the highest number contained in the memory of the host controller  16 . Various other commands may also be issued by the host controller. 
     Once the ordered list of digital registration numbers has been compiled and stored in the memory of the host controller  16 , the method of detecting and identifying a specific digital device  17  may begin. The host controller  16  sends a command to each module seeking the specific digital device  17  by the digital registration number. Because the list of digital registration numbers is stored in the memory of the host controller  16  from the lowest digital registration number to the highest digital registration number, this storage arrangement allows the host controller  16  to easily locate the digital registration number within its memory, and send a command to the specific module where the specific digital device  17  is located. Thereafter, the specific digital device  17  may be announced to the user via a flashing or non-flashing light-emitting source  18 , such as an LED or the like. The host controller  16  sends a command to the RBA circuit  10  to turn the flashing or non-flashing light-emitting source  18  on and/or off. In addition, the light-emitting source  18  may be employed to indicate the removal of a digital device  17  from the serial data bus. 
     A data line may be permanently connected to the data side of the digital device connector. The microcontroller  12  is connected to the serial data bus by the RBA circuit  10 . The RBA circuit  10  allows for the digital device  17  to be switched in and out of the RBA circuit  10 . The ability to switch in a specific digital device  17  requires the host controller  16  to identify the specific digital device  17 , as they are able to be removed from and inserted into the RBA circuit  10 . The host controller  16  sends specific commands to each module that illuminates the light-emitting source  18 . This identifies the identity/location of the specific digital device  17  to the user. The unique digital registration number of the module may be stored in the memory of the host controller  16 , and later used to sequentially read in the digital device&#39;s unique digital registration number. It should be noted that multiple digital devices  17  may be connected to a one-wire bus and identified by each digital device&#39;s unique digital registration number. In addition, the learning process may be periodic (i.e. polling-based) or event-driven. 
     In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the RBA circuit  10  may be changed such that the light-emitting source  18  is connected to the serial data bus, as opposed to the VCC connection. This change enables the whole circuit to operate without external power, if the power requirements are met by the serial data bus. Modules may be added directly to the serial data bus, essentially like a plug-and-play component on a personal computer (PC). 
     As described above, U.S. Pat. No. 6,693,538 discloses one specific application of a digital device. Object carriers are provided for use with an object tracking and control system of a type having a storage receptacle with a tray provided with an array of slots for receiving identification (ID) tags bearing touch memory devices. A computer-based controller is provided for detecting the absence or presence and identity of ID tags disposed in the slots. The carrier includes a container with an openable panel for placing objects in and removing objects from the carrier. A thin plastic tongue projects from the carrier and bears a touch memory device. Carriers bearing objects to be tracked are placed in the storage receptacle with their tongues extending into the slots of the receptacle. The controller can thus detect and log the removal and replacement of the carrier in the storage receptacle. In one embodiment, the opening and closing of the carrier when it is not stored in the receptacle is detected and logged for tracking access to the carrier in more detail. In general, each of the carriers includes an internal-addressable switch having one or more input/output (I/O) ports; an on-board sensor, such as a loop-detector sensor for detecting when an object is removed from the carrier; a reed switch for detecting the opening of the carrier, or another type of sensor depending on the intended use of the system; and an LED attached to the carrier. 
     The present invention, however, provides a system that is simpler, omitting the internal-addressable switch and the one or more I/O ports, and associating the LEDs with the storage receptacle, as opposed to the carriers. Various data and ground connections are also provided. In effect, the RBA circuit  10  provides a touch-and-hold connector  14  or the like, suitable for engaging a digital device  17  or the like, that has a unique digital registration number. The touch-and-hold connector  14  or the like may be selectively identified, located, and/or activated, preferably in conjunction with the lighting, intermittently or otherwise, providing the location of the plug-in carrier or holder to a user. As described above, the LED or the like is assembled as part of the storage receptacle, as opposed to the plug-in carrier or holder. 
     Although the present invention has been illustrated and described herein with reference to exemplary embodiments and specific examples thereof, it will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that other exemplary embodiments and specific examples may perform similar functions and/or achieve like results. All such equivalent embodiments and examples are within the spirit and scope of the present invention, are contemplated thereby, and are intended to be covered by the following claims.