Abstract:
Disclosed is an antenna device for transceiving a wireless signal. The antenna device includes an antenna element adapted to establish a radiation pattern during transceiving the wireless signal; an antenna signal feeding line coupling to the antenna element for feeding the wireless signals transceived by the antenna element; and at least one radiation pattern adjustment element arranged at an adjacent position with respect to the antenna element and within the established radiation pattern of the antenna element to adjust the radiation pattern of the antenna element.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention relates to an antenna device used in wireless technology, and in particular to an antenna device with at least a radiation pattern adjustment element. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   It is well known that an antenna is the key element to transmit/receive (transceive) microwaves in wireless technology such as wireless communication and wireless data transfer, where the antenna transforms electrical currents generated by a transmitter into microwaves and transmits the microwaves in free space. The antenna also captures microwaves and transforms them into electrical currents, which are then processed by a receiver. 
   Further, electromagnetic pulse, which is generated by the presence of electric currents in an antenna, radiates in to free space from the site of an antenna by the speed of light, and the direction of which the electric field travels is perpendicular to the direction of the travel of the electromagnetic pulse. The electric field is related to only two parameters, and they are the distance and the radiation angle. The intensity of the electric field decreases with the square of the distance from the antenna, and the graphical representation of the intensity of the radiation of the electric field to the radiation angle from the perpendicular is defined as a radiation pattern. 
   Please refer to  FIG. 1  that shows an established radiation pattern of a typical omni-directional antenna in conventional use. As shown in the figure, the electric field of an omni-directional antenna A in a horizontal plane H that is perpendicular to the antenna A is denoted as a radiation pattern P, and the radiation pattern P is the largest in intensity of all radiation patterns of the antenna A (in comparison with radiation patterns lying in planes not perpendicular to the antenna A). Besides, due to the omni-directional characteristic of the antenna A, the radiation pattern P is of approximately equal intensity in every direction (i.e. radiation angle) in the horizontal plane H. 
     FIG. 2 , a view of a radiation pattern of another typical omni-directional antenna of conventional use, shows the radiation pattern P 1  of an omni-directional antenna A 1  in the horizontal plane H that is perpendicular to the antenna Al. It is obvious that the intensity of every position with the established radiation pattern P 1  in the horizontal plane H is of approximate equivalence. 
   On the other hand, wireless technology such as peer-to-peer connection and satellite communications are best fit with antennas that concentrate their electric field to a rather small region. Since such antennas are of focused radiation, their overall power of the energy output is able to decrease to a desired level, while the energy density per unit area is able to increase to a certain amount. The radiation of such antennas in other directions, therefore, is relatively weak in intensity and small in coverage-the physical geological area where signal is still at a level that can be transceived-and that reduces the occasions of meaningless electromagnetic interferences. Such antennas are the so-called directional antennas. 
     FIG. 3  is a view of an established radiation pattern of a typical directional antenna of conventional use, and a radiation pattern P 2  of a directional antenna A 2  in the horizontal plane H that is perpendicular to the antenna A 2  is shown in the figure. Apparently, the intensity of radiation at any position within the radiation pattern P 2  in the horizontal plane H exists no equivalence. 
   Further, omni-directional antennas of the electronic devices in conventional use are those of dipole antennas, Marconi antennas, etc., while directional antennas of the same use are those of flat antennas, microstripe antenna, disk antenna, and PIFA antennas. In addition, once the kind of antenna used in an electronic device is determined in advance, the omni-directional or the directional characteristic of the electronic device with the specific kind of the antenna arranged therein is determined. 
   Although an electronic device with an omni-directional antenna is noted with the homogeneity of the radiation pattern the antenna generates, the distance of the wireless signal transceiving of the omni-directional antenna is relatively shorter than that of a directional antenna of the same power in a desired direction, while the gain, which is the relative increase in radiation at the maximum point expressed as a value in dB above a standard, is smaller than that of a directional antenna in the direction of focused radiation pattern. However, an electronic device with a directional antenna, on the contrary, is strongly limited by the direction when it comes to the transceiving of wireless signals. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   A primary object of the present invention, therefore, is to provide an antenna device with at least one radiation pattern adjustment element to adjust the radiation pattern of an antenna element by a simple element. 
   Another object of the present invention is to provide an antenna device to adjust the radiation pattern of an omni-directional antenna, in order to increase the gain and improve the signal transceiving ability of the omni-directional antenna. 
   A further object of the present invention is to provide an antenna device to adjust the radiation pattern of a directional antenna, with the aim to further increase the directional of the radiation pattern, and the gain of the directional antenna in a desired direction as a consequence. 
   A further object of the present invention is to provide an antenna device to adjust the radiation pattern of a directional antenna, in order to alleviate the directional limitation of such antenna. 
   To realize the above objects, the present invention installs an antenna device with an antenna element adapted to establish a radiation pattern during the transceiving of the wireless signal and at least one radiation pattern adjustment element arranged at an adjacent position with respect to the antenna element and within the established radiation pattern of the antenna element to adjust the radiation pattern of the antenna element. Moreover, the radiation pattern adjustment element could be a magnetic material with a predetermined permeability or a dielectric material with predetermined dielectric constant. 
   In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the radiation pattern adjustment element could be arranged at adjacent positions above, below, or beside the antenna element, while the arrangement of the radiation pattern adjustment element within positions where the intensity of the radiation pattern of the antenna element is relatively stronger and relatively weaker is also feasible. 
   In comparison with the conventional technologies, the present invention enables an antenna device and an electronic device equipped with the same to adjust the radiation pattern of an antenna element, which brings about the increase in gain of an omni-directional antenna, the increase in directionality of such antenna, and the improvement of the transceiving of wireless signals. Besides, the present invention not only alleviates the limitation in directionality of a directional antenna, but also increases the gain of such antenna in desired directions by further enhance the directionality of a directional antenna. The present invention, therefore, achieves what is desired when applied to either an omni-directional antenna or a directional one. 
   These and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, from a reading of the following brief description of the drawings, the detailed description of the preferred embodiment, and the appended claims. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The structure and the technical means adopted by the present invention to achieve the above and other objects can be best understood by referring to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings, wherein 
       FIG. 1  is a view of an established radiation pattern of a typical omni-directional antenna of conventional use; 
       FIG. 2  is a view of an established radiation pattern of another typical omni-directional antenna of conventional use; 
       FIG. 3  is a view of an established radiation pattern of a typical directional antenna of conventional use; 
       FIG. 4  is an assembled perspective view of an antenna device with a radiation pattern adjustment element in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 5  is a sectional view taken along line  5 - 5  of  FIG. 4 ; 
       FIG. 6  shows an established radiation pattern in accordance with the first embodiment; 
       FIG. 7  shows another established radiation pattern in accordance with the first embodiment; 
       FIG. 8  is an assembled perspective view of an antenna device with radiation pattern adjustment element in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 9  is a sectional view taken along line  9 - 9  of  FIG. 8 ; 
       FIG. 10  shows an established radiation pattern in accordance with the second embodiment; 
       FIG. 11  is an exploded perspective view of an antenna device with radiation pattern adjustment element in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 12  shows an established radiation pattern in accordance with the third embodiment; 
       FIG. 13  is an exploded perspective view of an antenna device with radiation pattern adjustment element in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 14  shows an established radiation pattern in accordance with the fourth embodiment. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
   With reference to the drawings and in particular to  FIGS. 4 and 5  that are an assembled perspective view of an antenna device with an established radiation pattern adjustment element in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention and a sectional view taken along line  5 - 5  of  FIG. 4 . As shown in the figures an electronic device, which is generally denoted a numeral reference  1 , includes an antenna element  2 , which is an omni-directional antenna, and a radiation pattern adjustment element  3 . 
   The antenna element  2  is electrically connected to an antenna signal feeding line  21  to electrically conduct the wireless signals between the antenna element  2  and the electronic device  1 . The antenna element  2  further includes a signal-feeding end  22  and a terminal end  23 , wherein the signal-feeding end  22  electrically connects the antenna signal feeding line  21 . Besides, the radiation pattern adjustment element  3  is arranged at a position below the antenna element  2 , and the radiation pattern adjustment element  3  is arranged in a direction parallel to an extended direction I of the antenna element  2 . 
   As shown in  FIG. 6 , which shows an established radiation pattern in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal plane H is perpendicular to the extended direction I of the antenna element  2 , and the center of the horizontal plane H is the terminal end  23  of the antenna element  2 . Arranged below the terminal end  23  is the radiation pattern adjustment element  3 . After the adjustment of the radiation pattern adjustment element  3 , the omni-directional radiation pattern P 1  generated by the omni-directional antenna element  2  as shown in  FIG. 1  is transformed into a directional radiation pattern P 3  as a consequence. 
   Please refer to  FIG. 7  that shows another established radiation pattern in accordance with the first embodiment. The omni-directional radiation pattern P 2  generated by the antenna element  2  as shown in  FIG. 2  is transformed into a directional radiation pattern P 4  after the adjustment of the radiation pattern adjustment element  3  is shown in the figure. 
   With reference to  FIGS. 8 and 9  that are an assembled perspective view of an antenna device with radiation pattern adjustment element in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention and a sectional view taken along line  9 - 9  of  FIG. 8 . As shown in the figures, an electronic device  1  includes an antenna element  2  and multiple radiation pattern adjustment elements  31  and  32 , wherein the antenna element  2  is an omni-directional antenna. 
   The antenna element  2  is electrically connected to an antenna signal feeding line  21  to conduct the wireless signals between the electronic device  1  and the antenna element  2 . Further, the antenna element  2  also includes a signal-feeding end  22  and a terminal end  23 , wherein the signal-feeding end  22  electrically connects the antenna signal feeding line  21 . Moreover, the radiation pattern adjustment elements  31  and  32  are arranged at positions beside the antenna element  2  and in a direction parallel to an extended direction I of the antenna element  2 . 
   Please refer to  FIG. 10  that shows an established radiation pattern in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the horizontal plane H is perpendicular to the extended direction I of the antenna element  2 , and the center of the horizontal plane H is the terminal end  23  of the antenna element  2 . Arranged beside the terminal end  23  are the radiation pattern adjustment elements  31  and  32 . After the adjustment of the radiation pattern adjustment elements  31  and  32 , the omni-directional radiation pattern generated by the omni-directional antenna element  2  is then transformed into a directional radiation pattern P 5 . 
     FIG. 11  is an exploded perspective view of an antenna device with a radiation pattern adjustment element in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, an electronic device  1  includes an antenna device  2 ′, which is a directional antenna, and a radiation pattern adjustment element  3 ′. The antenna element  2 ′ is electrically connected to an antenna signal feeding line  21 ′ to conduct the wireless signals between the electronic device  1  and the antenna element  2 ′. The antenna element  2 ′ further includes a signal-feeding end  22 ′ and a terminal end  23 ′, wherein the signal-feeding end  22 ′ serves as a mean to connect the antenna signal feeding line  21 ′. In addition, the radiation pattern adjustment element  3 ′ is arranged below the antenna element  2 ′ and in a direction parallel to an extended direction I of the antenna element  2 ′. 
   As shown in  FIG. 12 , which is an established radiation pattern in accordance with the third embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal plane H is perpendicular to the extended direction I of the antenna element  2 ′, and the center of the horizontal plane H is the terminal end  23 ′ of the antenna element  2 ′. Arranged under the terminal end  23 ′ is the radiation pattern adjustment element  3 ′. After the adjustment of the radiation pattern adjustment element  3 ′, the directional radiation pattern generated by the directional antenna element  2 ′ is then transformed into a radiation pattern P 6  with a weaker directionality. 
   Please refer to  FIG. 13  that is an exploded perspective view of an antenna device with a radiation pattern adjustment element in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, an electronic device  1  is provided with an antenna device  2 ′, which is a directional antenna, and a radiation pattern adjustment element  3 ′. The antenna element  2 ′ is electrically connected to an antenna signal feeding line  21 ′ to conduct the wireless signals between the electronic device  1  and the antenna element  2 ′. The antenna element  2 ′ further includes a signal-feeding end  22 ′ and a terminal end  23 ′, wherein the signal-feeding end  22 ′ connects the antenna element  2 ′ with the antenna signal feeding line  21 ′. In addition, the radiation pattern adjustment element  3 ′ is arranged above the antenna element  2 ′ and in a direction parallel to an extended direction I of the antenna element  2 ′. 
     FIG. 14  shows an established radiation pattern according to the fourth embodiment. As shown in the figure, the horizontal plane H is perpendicular to the extended direction I of the antenna element  2 ′, and the center of the horizontal plane H is the terminal end  23 ′ of the antenna element  2 ′. Arranged above the terminal end  23 ′ is the radiation pattern adjustment element  3 ′. After the adjustment of the radiation pattern adjustment element  3 ′, the directional radiation pattern generated by the directional antenna element  2 ′ is then transformed into a radiation pattern P 7  with an even stronger directionality. 
   In the embodiments of the present invention, the radiation pattern adjustment element could be either a magnetic material or a dielectric material with, respectively, a specific permeability or a specific dielectric constant. Besides, the choice of the magnetic material or the dielectric material could be determined by the corresponding frequencies of the wireless signals transceived by the antenna element. In addition, the coupling between the antenna pattern and the antenna signal feeding line could either be a direct wire-connection or an antenna coupling element (which the antenna signal feeding line is directly connected to the antenna coupling element, and the antenna pattern is coupled with the antenna coupling element.) 
   Since the radiation pattern adjustment elements  3 ,  3 ′,  31 , and  32  of the antenna devices  2  and  2 ′ are mainly used to adjust the radiation patterns of the antenna elements, it is understood that any other type of radiation pattern adjustment element with any other figure, structure, magnetic characteristics, and electric characteristics can be used in the present invention to replace the radiation pattern adjustment elements  3 ,  3 ′,  31 , and  32 . 
   Follow the above statement, the present invention enables an antenna device and an electronic device equipped with the same to adjust the radiation pattern of an antenna element, which makes feasible the increase in gain of an omni-directional antenna, the increase in directionality of such antenna, and the improvement of the transceiving of wireless signals. In addition, the present invention not only alleviates the limitation in directionality of a directional antenna, but also increases the gain of such antenna in desired directions by further enhance the directionality of a directional antenna. 
   While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiments, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangement included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.