Abstract:
A hand-held, gourd based percussion instrument, has a modified guiro gourd with two maraca gourds extended outwardly therefrom. A hollow, elongate guiro gourd is modified by having its ends removed and replaced with light-bulb shaped maracas with the spherical portions extending outwardly, the maracas attached by means of an extended member within the cylindrical center of the guiro. With sounding furrows on the outer surface of the cylindrical center and sounding pebbles within, the furrows are stroked with a rasper and the instrument is shaken to produce rhythmic sounds.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     Applicant received a design patent under this same title for the ornamental features of this invention D 431,044 granted Sep. 19, 2000. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1.Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates generally to hand held percussion musical instruments and more particularly to gourd type percusive instruments having outside rasping elements and a plurality of sounding pebbles or pits within and more specifically to gourd type percussive instruments constructed by a combination of two different types of gourds to produce a unique and particular quality of useful sound, hand-rasped and rhythmically moved at the same time. 
     2.Description of the Related Art 
     The “maraca,” “guiro” and “candungo” are rhythmic percussion instruments made from gourds, generally spherical to light-bulb shaped dried wooden fruits. The maraca is a gourd made from the dried wooden fruit of the higuera tree, grown in tropical areas of the world. The candungo is made from the dried wooden fruit of the curcubitaceas tree having a spherical-like shape, that is the candungo shape has no blunt or horn shaped end. The marimbo is made from the dried wooden fruit of the curcubitaceas tree having two elongated ends. The guiro is a wooden dried fruit of the curcubitadeas tree having a blunt end and an elongated end. For all these musical instruments, generally, perforations are made through the outer wooden shell of these fruits after they are permitted to fully dry. The interior pulp is removed and replaced with small sounding pebbles or dried pits to be rattled within. A handle is often attached near or at the perforation areas of the dried fruit. Furrowed parallel indentations with regular striation patterns are cut into an area of the outer surface of the instrument somewhat centered between the ends. A comb-like rasper is then used to grate upon the striation pattern to produce according to the pressure and strokes employed and together with the rattled sounding pebbles, a unique and complex sound. 
     While similar in construction the sound from the maraca and the sound of the guiro are distinct, each producing unique and complex sounds when played. A person knowledgeable in these sounds can distinguish the sounds made from the maraca as compared to the guiro. Each one however is limited to its unique sound produced in exclusion to the sound of the other. In other words, to have both sounds, each instrument must be present and played. There is therefor, a need for another type of percussive instrument that produces its own unique sound, with the sound properties of both the maraca and guiro when played. 
     Known hand-held percussive instruments includes U.S. Pat. No. 2,318,460 to Samuel Brief on May 4, 1943 to describe a duel maraca removable mounted to a centrally elongated handle. The handle is uninvolved with the sound qualities that would be desirable. U.S. Pat. No. 4,306,485 to Alan Rudkin on Dec. 22, 1981 describes an elongated cylindrical multichambered percussion instruments with frusto-conical ends, confined free-flowing spherical bead members to produce rhythmic sounds when the instrument is shaken. U.S. Pat. No. 5,659,143 to Nadene Isackson on Aug. 19, 1997 describes a generally cylindrically shaped metallic central member with end diaphragms, the instrument containing metal particles, the size of the particles and diaphragms tuned to provide its superior percussive effects. Nevertheless, the instruments above described fail to adequately provide the time tested superior sound produced by the dried fruits of the malanga or the guiro. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     My invention combines the advantages of the maraca and the guiro into a single instrument to produce an even more pleasing sound than either the maraca or the guiro while combining the qualities of the sound of each instrument further having the advantage that only one player is needed to produce the combination sound of the maraca and guiro. I do this by combining the center portion of a guiro with two maracas complete with sounding pebbles, each attached to an end of the modified guiro. The center portion of the invention is furrowed with a pattern of regular striation on the outer surface for receiving rasper grates. When completed according to my specification this combination instrument sounds very different from either the maraca or the guiro while retaining the desirable sounds of each. 
     Accordingly, it is a general object of the present invention to provide an improved rhythmic instrument. 
     More specifically, it is an object of the present invention to provide a rhythmic instrument having the pleasing sounds produced by a guiro and the pleasing sounds produced by a maraca. 
     It is also an object to provide a combination rhythmic instrument combining the maraca and the guiro into a single instrument that can be played by a single person yet provide the attractive musical sounds of both instruments. 
     It is another object of the present invention to attain the foregoing objects and also to provide an improved percussive, rhythmic instrument that can be constructed easily and conveniently without the need for complicated tools yet withstand routine playing, handling and moving from one location. 
     Further objects and advantages of my invention will become apparent from a consideration of the drawings and ensuing description thereof. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
     FIG.  1 . is a perspective of the instrument in use; 
     FIG.  2 . is perspective of the construction of the central element; 
     FIG.  3 . is an isometric view of the instrument featuring the inside elements of the invention; 
     FIG.  4 . is a side view of the elements of the invention. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Viewing FIG. 1, the hand held instrument generally designated as  1  is used in combination with a hand held rasper  5  used to stroke the instrument  1  where indicated and by moving the instrument  1  rhythmically as indicted by the curved broken lines  10 . As can be appreciated by users of these types of percussive instruments, the rasper  5  is scraped across the central area indicated as  15  to produce one of the components of the sound. Indentations  16  have been regularly chiseled or otherwise cut onto the area  15  the surface of the instrument being careful to not penetrate the entire wooden shell. While the area shown in this set of FIGS. 1,  3  and  4  show that the furrowed groves or indentations  16  occupy a portion  15  of the center element  2 , from one end  3  to the other end  4  of the center portion of the center element  2 , the area of striations  15  need not occupy this much area of the instrument. The instrument  1  is also shaken as is also indicated by the broken lines  10  to impel small pebbles  25  within the instrument to move and percuss upon the inside surfaces of the hollow instrument  1 , best shown by FIG.  4 . 
     To make the instrument, a mature fruit from a curcubitadeas tree is set aside to dry for a time determined by the size and age of the fruit. When the guiro  20  is hard, the surface has a hard or wood quality and nearly empty. The whole guiro will have a cylindrical-like shape in the center portion with a blunt end and an elongated end, both indicated as  22 . These ends  22  are removed from the center cylindrical portion  20  by cutting means, shown here by use of a saw  21  removing the ends  22  outlined here in dotted lines. Whatever residue within the fruit is discarded. The best guiros will not show any signs of damage or rot and the cut edges will be smooth without signs of splitting. Furrows  16  are cut into the surface of the center portion  20  of the guiro using a scoring tool or awe careful not to puncture the skin of the guiro  20 . Parallel furrows  16  cut tangentially on the surface of the guiro are shown in FIG. 4 to be spaced from each other approximately the same as the depth of cut of the furrows  16 . 
     Maracas are the dried fruit of a higuera tree. In general they are light-bulb shaped, that is, one end is spherical while the other end tapers to a blunt end. The ends of the instrument, are made from two dried maracas having approximately the same size. For each maraca, the blunt end is opened leaving the natural spherical end  30  with a portion of the tapered end  31  and the contents are removed by shaking. The tapered end is machined to have a outside thread  32 . A joining tube  33  sized to reside within the guiro  20 . This could be from stock piping available for plumbing in various lengths and diameters or tailored to the description given herein. The joining tube should have internal threads  34  matching the outside threads  32  of the maracas at both ends of the tube  33 . I have found that one inch diameter plastic pipe stock having the appropriate length works well, the outside threads  32  cut to match the plastic pipe stock threads  34 . Small pits, stones or pebbles  25  are first introduced into the guiro  20 , then the joining tube  33  is used to attach the maracas  30  to the guiro as shown in FIG.  3 . The maracas are simply threaded onto the ends of the pipe according to the thread  34  direction to close. The maracas  30  can be permanently attached using glue or fasteners if desired. In assembly of the maracas  20  to the guiro  20  using the joining tube  33 , It is easiest to first attach one of the maracas to the joining tube  33 , then insert it within the guiro  20 , then attach the other maraca to the other end of the joining tube  33 , tightening as may be needed to retain the maracas as shown in FIG. 4 to the guiro  20 . Glue, if desired could be used at the threads  32  and  34 . 
     The furrowed groves  16  may be cut into the surface of the center element  2  by cutting or carving into a regular pattern circumferentially along a portion of the instrument to compose the area  15 . In this manner, by moving the rasper  5  across the furrowed groves  16 , sound is produced and amplified by the hollow configuration of the instrument. The rasper  5  is generally, hand held has a plurality of prongs  7  attached midway  8  to a handle end  6  to extend in a parallel fashion from the handle end  6 . The traditional rasper  5  is made of a wood handle  6  carved to comfortably accommodate the user&#39;s hand. The prongs  7  are generally cut from metal wire, then permanently attached at  8  and sized to flex when the rasper  5  is scraped across area  15  according the pressure imparted by the user, then return by the metal memory to its extended position. The intensity of the rasping sound is controlled by the user according to the pressure of the rasper  5  the user imposes when scraped across area  15 . The length of sound produced is controlled by the user according to the speed the user to rasp the area  15 , the longer sound produced by a slower speed while short sounds produced by a faster speed or rasping less area of the area  15  or a combination of the two. Short accent and rhythmic sounds can be produced by tapping the rasper onto the instrument, differing sounds produced by tapping differing parts of the instrument. The sound produced in combination with these techniques produces a pleasing rhythmic sound, usually to accompany other musical instruments and singing. 
     While the above description contains many specifications, there should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention, but rather as an exemplification of one preferred embodiment thereof. Many other variations are possible, for example: there are many other ways to join the maracas to the guiro, using pins, screws and the like. Further, the furrowed surface of the guiro  20  is seen here etched into the skin of the dried fruit, however, it is similarly possible to attach a furrowed board to the surface of the guiro  20 . Not described here is the art of decorating the final instrument, which is customary in many places. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined not by the embodiment illustrated, but by the appended claims and their legal equivalents.