Abstract:
A post-planarization recess etch process is employed in combination with a replacement gate scheme to enable formation of multi-directional wiring in gate electrode lines. After formation of disposable gate structures and a planarized dielectric layer, a trench extending between two disposable gate structures are formed by a combination of lithographic methods and an anisotropic etch. End portions of the trench overlap with the two disposable gate structures. After removal of the disposable gate structures, replacement gate structures are formed in gate cavities and the trench simultaneously. A contiguous gate level structure can be formed which include portions that extend along different horizontal directions.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/897,568, filed May 20, 2013 the entire content and disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     The present disclosure generally relates to semiconductor structures, and particularly to a semiconductor structure including multi-direction wiring for replacement gate lines, and methods of manufacturing the same. 
     The difficulty of printing gate patterns for technologies with a small pitch on par with lithographic minimum dimensions has led to the development of unidirectional gate patterns, i.e., gate patterns that extend only along a single horizontal direction, and prohibits extension of the gate lines in any other horizontal direction. Unidirectional gate patterns shifts the burden of signal routing to metal interconnect structures provided above the gate level, e.g., by requiring more lateral connections to be formed in contact level metal interconnect structures and/or wiring level metal interconnect structures. 
     SUMMARY 
     A post-planarization recess etch process is employed in combination with a replacement gate scheme to enable formation of multi-directional wiring in gate electrode lines. After formation of disposable gate structures and a planarized dielectric layer, a trench extending between two disposable gate structures are formed by a combination of lithographic methods and an anisotropic etch. End portions of the trench overlap with the two disposable gate structures. After removal of the disposable gate structures, replacement gate structures are formed in gate cavities and the trench simultaneously. A contiguous gate level structure can be formed which include portions that extend along different horizontal directions. 
     According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a semiconductor structure includes a semiconductor material portion located on a substrate, which contains a source region, a drain region, and a body region. A planarization dielectric layer overlies the semiconductor material portion. The semiconductor structure further includes a gate stack structure embedded in the planarization dielectric layer and including a gate dielectric and a gate electrode that is embedded in the gate dielectric. The gate dielectric includes a horizontal portion in contact with the body region. The gate dielectric may also include a vertical portion having outer sidewalls that define a lateral extent of the gate stack structure. The gate stack structure includes a first portion contacting the semiconductor material portion and extending along a first horizontal direction and a second portion extending along a second horizontal direction that is different from the first direction. 
     According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method of forming a semiconductor structure is provided. At least one semiconductor material portion is formed on a substrate. At least one disposable gate structure is formed over the at least one semiconductor material portion. A planarization dielectric layer is formed over the at least one semiconductor material portion and the at least one disposable gate structure. A trench is formed in the planarization dielectric layer. A sidewall of a remaining portion of one of the at least one disposable gate structure is physically exposed within the trench. At least one gate cavity is formed by removing the at least one disposable gate structure. A replacement gate stack structure is formed in the at least one gate cavity and the trench. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1A  is a top-down view of a first exemplary semiconductor structure after lithographic patterning of a first photoresist layer over a semiconductor-on-insulator (SOI) substrate according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 1B  is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure along the vertical plane B-B′ of  FIG. 1A . 
         FIG. 2A  is a top-down view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure after formation of a plurality of semiconductor fins by patterning a top semiconductor layer of the SOI substrate according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 2B  is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure along the vertical plane B-B′ of  FIG. 2A . 
         FIG. 3A  is a top-down view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure after formation of a plurality of disposable gate structures according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 3B  is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure along the vertical plane B-B′ of  FIG. 3A . 
         FIG. 4A  is a top-down view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure after formation of gate spacers according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 4B  is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure along the vertical plane B-B′ of  FIG. 4A . 
         FIG. 5A  is a top-down view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure after deposition and planarization of a planarization dielectric layer according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 5B  is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure along the vertical plane B-B′ of  FIG. 5A . 
         FIG. 6A  is a top-down view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure after application and lithographic patterning of a third photoresist layer, and transfer of the pattern in the third photoresist layer into at least an upper portion of the planarization dielectric layer and upper portions of disposable gate structures and gate spacers according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 6B  is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure along the vertical plane B-B′ of  FIG. 6A . 
         FIG. 6C  is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure along the vertical plane C-C′ of  FIG. 6A . 
         FIG. 7A  is a top-down view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure after removal of disposable gate structures according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 7B  is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure along the vertical plane B-B′ of  FIG. 7A . 
         FIG. 7C  is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure along the vertical plane C-C′ of  FIG. 7A . 
         FIG. 8A  is a top-down view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure after formation of replacement gate stack structures according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 8B  is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure along the vertical plane B-B′ of  FIG. 8A . 
         FIG. 8C  is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure along the vertical plane C-C′ of  FIG. 8A . 
         FIG. 9A  is a top-down view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure after formation of a contact-level dielectric layer and contact via structures according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 9B  is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure along the vertical plane B-B′ of  FIG. 9A . 
         FIG. 9C  is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first exemplary semiconductor structure along the vertical plane C-C′ of  FIG. 9A . 
         FIG. 10  is a vertical cross-sectional view of a second exemplary semiconductor structure according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 11  is a vertical cross-sectional view of a third exemplary semiconductor structure according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     As stated above, the present disclosure relates to a semiconductor structure including multi-direction wiring for replacement gate lines, and methods of manufacturing the same. Aspects of the present disclosure are now described in detail with accompanying figures. Like and corresponding elements mentioned herein and illustrated in the drawings are referred to by like reference numerals. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, ordinals are employed merely to distinguish similar elements, and different ordinals may be employed to designate a same element in the specification and/or claims. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 1A and 1B , a first exemplary semiconductor structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure includes a substrate  8  and a first photoresist layer  37  formed thereupon. At least a topmost portion of the substrate  8  includes a semiconductor material. The substrate  8  can be a semiconductor-on-insulator (SOI) substrate, a bulk substrate, or a hybrid substrate including a bulk portion and an SOI portion. 
     In one embodiment, the substrate  8  can be an SOI substrate including a stack, from bottom to top, of a handle substrate  10 , a buried insulator layer  20 , and a top semiconductor layer  30 L. The handle substrate  10  can include a semiconductor material, a conductive material, or a dielectric material, and provides mechanical support to the buried insulator layer  20  and the top semiconductor layer  30 L. The thickness of the handle substrate  10  can be from 50 microns to 2 mm, although lesser and greater thicknesses can also be employed. The buried insulator layer  20  includes a dielectric material such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride or a combination thereof. The thickness of the buried insulator layer  20  can be from 10 nm to 1,000 nm, although lesser and greater thicknesses can also be employed. 
     The top semiconductor layer  30 L includes a semiconductor material, which can be an elemental semiconductor material such as silicon or germanium, an alloy of at least two elemental semiconductor materials such as a silicon-germanium alloy, a compound semiconductor material, or any other semiconductor material known in the art. The thickness of the top semiconductor layer  30 L can be from 30 nm to 600 nm, although lesser and greater thicknesses can also be employed. The top semiconductor layer  30 L can include a single crystalline semiconductor material, a polycrystalline semiconductor material, or an amorphous semiconductor material. Various portions of the top semiconductor layer  30 L may be doped with electrical dopants, such as p-type dopants or n-type dopants, as needed. Different portions of the top semiconductor layer  30 L may include different semiconductor materials. In one embodiment, the top semiconductor layer  30 L includes a single crystalline semiconductor material such as single crystalline silicon and/or a single crystalline silicon-germanium alloy. 
     While the present disclosure is described employing an SOI substrate, embodiments employing a bulk substrate or a hybrid substrate including a bulk portion and an SOI portion are expressly contemplated herein. 
     The first photoresist layer  37  can be applied over the top semiconductor layer  30 L and is lithographically patterned with a first pattern. The first pattern can be a line and space pattern in which each line extends along a horizontal direction, which is herein referred to as a fin direction. In one embodiment, the first pattern can include a plurality of material portions of the first photoresist layer  37  such that each of the plurality of material portions extends along a lengthwise direction. As used herein, a “lengthwise direction” of an object refers to a direction about which the moment of inertia of the object becomes the minimum. 
     In one embodiment, each of the plurality of material portions of the first photoresist layer  37  as patterned can have a same lengthwise direction, which is the fin direction. In one embodiment, each of the plurality of material portions of the first photoresist layer  37  can have a same width, which is the dimension along a horizontal direction that is perpendicular to the lengthwise direction. In one embodiment, each of the plurality of material portions of the first photoresist layer  37  as patterned can have a rectangular cross-sectional area such that the lengthwise edges of the rectangle representing the cross-sectional area are parallel to the lengthwise direction. In one embodiment, the width of each of the plurality of material portions of the first photoresist layer  37  as patterned can be a minimum lithographically printable dimension, i.e., a critical dimension, which is about 32 nm as of 2013. 
     The plurality of material portions of the first photoresist layer  37  can be laterally spaced along the widthwise direction of the first pattern, which is a horizontal direction perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of the first pattern. The lengthwise direction of the first pattern is the lengthwise direction of the plurality of material portions of the first photoresist layer  37 . 
     In an alternate embodiment, layer  37  may be a masking layer generated using pitch double techniques such as Sidewall Image Transfer (SIT), and may have dimensions from about 4 nm to 30 nm, and pitches from about 10 nm to 60 nm. Pitch doubling techniques such as SIT including a mandrel, spacer, and cut process, are not described here, but are well known in the art. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 2A and 2B , the first pattern is transferred into a top portion of the substrate  8  to form at least one semiconductor material portion. The at least one semiconductor material portion can be a plurality of semiconductor material portions. In one embodiment, the plurality of semiconductor material portions can be a plurality of semiconductor fins  30 . If the substrate  8  is an SOI substrate, the first pattern can be transferred through the top semiconductor layer  30 L by an anisotropic etch employing the first photoresist layer  37  as an etch mask. The buried insulator layer  20  can be employed as a stopping layer for the anisotropic etch. The plurality of semiconductor fins  30  can be formed directly on the top surface of the buried insulator layer  20 . If the substrate  8  is a bulk substrate, semiconductor fins formed by an anisotropic etch can be electrically isolated by forming shallow trench isolation structures (not shown) including a dielectric material and/or by forming doped wells that can be employed to form reverse biased p-n junctions. Each semiconductor fin  30  laterally extends along the fin direction, which is the lengthwise direction of the semiconductor fin  30 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 3A and 3B , disposable gate level layers can be deposited on the substrate  8  as blanket layers, i.e., as unpatterned contiguous layers. The disposable gate level layers can include, for example, a vertical stack of a gate dielectric layer, a disposable gate material layer, and a disposable gate cap dielectric layer. The disposable gate dielectric layer can be, for example, a layer of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or halfnium oxide. The thickness of the gate dielectric layer can be from 1 nm to 10 nm, although lesser and greater thicknesses can also be employed. The gate dielectric layer may be disposable or may be retained when the rest of the disposable gate stack removed. The disposable gate material layer includes a material that can be subsequently removed selective to the dielectric material of a planarization dielectric layer to be subsequently formed. For example, the disposable gate material layer can include a semiconductor material such as a polycrystalline semiconductor material or an amorphous semiconductor material. The thickness of the disposable gate material layer can be from 30 nm to 300 nm, although lesser and greater thicknesses can also be employed. The disposable gate cap dielectric layer can include a dielectric material such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or silicon oxynitride. The thickness of the disposable gate cap dielectric layer can be from 3 nm to 30 nm, although lesser and greater thicknesses can also be employed. Any other disposable gate level layers can also be employed provided that the material(s) in the disposable gate level layers can be removed selective to a planarization dielectric layer to be subsequently formed. 
     The disposable gate level layers can be lithographically patterned to form disposable gate structures. In one embodiment, a photoresist (not shown) is applied over the topmost surface of the disposable gate level layers and is lithographically patterned by lithographic exposure and development. In an alternate embodiment, a masking layer generated using pitch double techniques such SIT is used to generate gate patterns, the gate pattern in the photoresist or masking layer is transferred into the disposable gate level layers by an etch, which can be an anisotropic etch such as a reactive ion etch. The remaining portions of the disposable gate level layers after the pattern transfer constitute disposable gate structures. 
     Each disposable gate stack may include, for example, a stack of a gate dielectric portion  40 , a disposable gate material portion  42 , and a disposable gate cap portion  49 . Each disposable gate stack ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ) can straddle one or more of the plurality of semiconductor fins  30 . Each disposable gate stack ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ) can extend along a lengthwise direction, which is different from the fin direction. In one embodiment, a plurality of the disposable gate stacks ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ) can extend along a same horizontal lengthwise direction, which is herein referred to as a first horizontal direction, or a first direction. In one embodiment, the first horizontal direction can be perpendicular to the fin direction. Each disposable gate stack ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ) can have a pair of vertical sidewalls that extend along the first horizontal direction. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 4A and 4B , gate spacers  56  can be formed on sidewalls of each of the disposable gate structures ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ), for example, by deposition of a conformal dielectric material layer and an anisotropic etch. The conformal dielectric material layer includes a dielectric material such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or a combination. Horizontal portions of the conformal dielectric material layer are removed by the anisotropic etch. An overetch can be employed to remove vertical portions of the conformal dielectric material layer from portions of sidewalls of the plurality of semiconductor fins  30  that are laterally spaced from the disposable gate stacks ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ) by a lateral distance greater than the thickness of the conformal dielectric material layer. Remaining vertical portions of the conformal dielectric material layer constitute the gate spacers  56 . The gate spacers  56  can contact the top surface of the buried insulator layer  20 , i.e., can be formed directly on the top surface of the buried insulator layer  20 . 
     Each gate spacer  56  laterally surrounds a disposable gate structure ( 40 ,  43 ,  49 ). Each gate spacer  56  can be topologically homeomorphic to a torus, i.e., can be continuously stretched without creating or destroying a hole into a torus. As used herein, two objects are “topologically homeomorphic” to each other if a continuous mapping and a continuous inverse mapping exists between two objects such that each point in one object corresponds to a distinct and unique point in another object. As used herein, a “continuous” mapping refers to a mapping that does not create or destroy a singularity. 
     Ion implantations can be employed to form various source/drain regions  36 . As used herein, “source/drain regions” collectively refer to source regions and drain regions. Unimplanted portions of each semiconductor fin  30  are herein referred to as body regions  32 . A p-n junction, a p-i junction, or an n-i junction can be formed between each neighboring pair of a source/drain region  36  and a body region  32 . As used herein, a “p-i junction” is a junction between a p-doped region and an intrinsic region. As used herein, an “n-i junction” is a junction between an n-doped region and an intrinsic region. As used herein, an intrinsic region refers to an intrinsic portion of a semiconductor material, which does not include externally introduced electrical dopants such as p-type dopants or n-type dopants. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 5A and 5B , a dielectric material layer can be deposited over the semiconductor fins ( 32 ,  36 ,  36 ′) and the disposable gate structures ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ). The deposited dielectric material layer is herein referred to as a planarization dielectric layer  60 . The planarization dielectric layer  60  includes a dielectric material, which can be, for example, doped or undoped silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the planarization dielectric layer  60  includes silicon oxide. The planarization dielectric layer  60  can be deposited, for example, by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The thickness of the planarization dielectric layer  60  as deposited can be controlled such that all portions of the top surface of the planarization dielectric layer  60  are located at, or above, top surfaces of the disposable gate cap portions  49  that are most proximal to the buried insulator layer  20 . 
     The planarization dielectric layer  60  is subsequently planarized to provide a planar dielectric surface  63 , for example, by chemical mechanical planarization (CMP). In one embodiment, upper portions of the disposable gate cap portion  49  can be employed as an endpoint layer during the planarization. An over-polish may be performed during the planarization so that the upper portions of each disposable gate cap portion  49  can be removed. The planarization dielectric layer  60  is subsequently planarized such that each top surface of a disposable gate cap portion  49  is physically exposed. After the planarization of the planarization dielectric layer  60 , the planar dielectric surface  63  of the planarization dielectric layer  60  can be coplanar with each top surface of the disposable gate cap portions  49 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 6A ,  6 B, and  6 C, a third photoresist layer  77  can be applied over the planarization dielectric layer  60 , and is lithographically patterned to form at least one opening therein. The location of each of the at least one opening can be selected in regions in which an additional conductive connection is desired among the wiring pattern provided by the disposable gate stack ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ). The pattern in the third photoresist layer  77  is subsequently transferred into at least an upper portion of the planarization dielectric layer  60  and upper portions of the disposable gate structures ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ) and gate spacers  56  by an etch, which can be an anisotropic etch such as a reactive ion etch. A trench  69  is formed in the planarization dielectric layer  60  within each area of an opening in the third photoresist layer  77 . At least one sidewall of a remaining portion of each disposable gate structure ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ) is physically exposed within the trench  69 . 
     Sidewalls of the trench  69  may be substantially vertical, or can be tapered. In one embodiment, all sidewalls of the trench  69  can be substantially vertical. As used herein, a surface is “substantially vertical” if a vertical plane exists from which the surface deviates by not more than three times the root-mean-square roughness of the surface. In one embodiment, the trench  69  can extend between two disposable gate structures ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ), and sidewalls of remaining portions of the two disposable gate structures ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ) can be physically exposed within the trench  69 . In another embodiment, the trench  69  can extend from a disposable gate structure ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ) and does not extend to any other disposable gate structure ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ), and sidewalls of a remaining portion of a disposable gate structure ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ) can be physically exposed within the trench  69 . In yet another embodiment, the trench  69  can extend among at least three disposable gate structures ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ). 
     In one embodiment, the plurality of disposable gate structures ( 40   42 ,  49 ) can extend along the first horizontal direction, and the trench  69  can extend along a lateral direction that is different from the first horizontal direction. The lateral direction along which the trench extends is herein referred to as a second horizontal direction, or a second direction. 
     In one embodiment, at least an upper portion of at least one gate spacer  56  can be removed during the forming of the trench  69 . In one embodiment, the area of the trench  69  can be selected such that the trench  69  does not overlie any semiconductor material portion over the buried insulator layer  20  (such as the semiconductor fins ( 32 ,  36 ,  36 ′) and is laterally offset from the semiconductor material portions. 
     In one embodiment, the bottom surface of the trench  69  can include a recessed surface of the planarization dielectric layer  60 . In one embodiment, the bottom surface of the trench  69  can be located above the top surface of the buried insulator layer  20 . In another embodiment, the bottom surface of the trench  69  can be coplanar with the top surface of the buried insulator layer  20 . In yet another embodiment, the bottom surface of the trench  69  can be recessed below the top surface of the buried insulator layer  20 . The third photoresist layer  77  is subsequently removed, for example, by ashing. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 7A ,  7 B, and  7 C, the disposable gate structures ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ) can be partially or completely removed selective to the dielectric material of the planarization dielectric layer  60  and selective to the semiconductor material of semiconductor material portions (such as the semiconductor fins ( 32 ,  36 ,  36 ′) above the buried insulator layer  20 . A gate cavity  59  is formed in each space from which a disposable gate structure ( 40 ,  42 ,  49 ) is removed. Each trench  69  is contiguous with at least one gate cavity  59 . In one embodiment, a trench  69  can be contiguous with two gate cavities  59 . In another embodiment, a trench  69  can be contiguous with one gate cavity  59 . In yet another embodiment, a trench  69  can be contiguous with at least three gate cavities  59 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 8A ,  8 B, and  8 C, the gate cavities  59  and the trench(es)  69  can be filled with a gate stack which might include a dielectric layer and a must include a conductive material layer. The gate dielectric layer can include a dielectric metal oxide, a dielectric semiconductor oxide, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the gate dielectric layer can be deposited by a conformal deposition method such as atomic layer deposition (ALD) and/or chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In this case, all vertical portions of the gate dielectric layer can have a same thickness t. In one embodiment, horizontal portions of the gate dielectric layer can also have the thickness t. 
     Excess portions of the conductive material layer can be removed from above the top surface of the planarization dielectric layer  60 , for example, by planarization. For example, chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) can be employed to remove the portions of the conductive material layer from above the top surface of the planarization dielectric layer  60 . Portions of the gate dielectric layer may also be removed from above the top surface of the planarization dielectric layer  60 . Remaining portions of the gate dielectric layer and the conductive material layer fill the gate cavities  59  and the trench(es)  69 . 
     A remaining portion of the gate dielectric layer in a gate cavity  59  that is not connected to a trench  69  is herein referred to as a first-type gate dielectric  50 . A remaining portion of the conductive material layer in a gate cavity  59  that is not connected to a trench  69  is herein referred to as a first-type gate electrode  54 . A contiguous remaining portion of the gate dielectric layer that is present in a trench  69  and at least one gate cavity  59  is herein referred to as a second-type gate dielectric  51 . A contiguous remaining portion of the conductive material layer that is present in a trench  69  and at least one gate cavity  59  is herein referred to as a second-type gate electrode  58 . Each stack of a first-type gate dielectric  50  and a first-type gate electrode  54  constitutes a first-type replacement gate stack structure ( 50 ,  54 ), which is a gate stack structure including a replacement gate electrode. Each stack of a second-type gate dielectric  51  and a second-type gate electrode  58  constitutes a second-type replacement gate stack structure ( 51 ,  58 ), which is a gate stack structure including a replacement gate electrode. The first-type replacement gate stack structures ( 50 ,  54 ) and the second-type replacement gate stack structures ( 51 ,  58 ) are herein collectively referred to as replacement gate stack structures ( 50 ,  51 ,  54 ,  58 ). In one embodiment, all vertical portions of the first-type gate dielectric  50  and the second-type gate dielectric  51  can have the same thickness t. In one embodiment, all vertical portions and all horizontal portions of the first-type gate dielectric  50  and the second-type gate dielectric  51  can have the same thickness t. 
     The replacement gate stack structures ( 50 ,  51 ,  54 ,  58 ) can be simultaneously formed within the gate cavities  59  and the trench(es)  69 . The replacement gate stack structures ( 50 ,  51 ,  54 ,  58 ) are embedded in the planarization dielectric layer  60 . Each replacement gate stack structure ( 50 ,  51 ,  54 ,  58 ) includes a gate dielectric ( 50 ,  51 ) and a gate electrode ( 54 ,  58 ) that is embedded in the gate dielectric ( 50 ,  51 ). Each gate dielectric ( 50 ,  51 ) can include a horizontal portion in contact with a body region  32  and a vertical portion having outer sidewalls that define a lateral extent of the replacement gate stack structure ( 50 ,  51 ,  54 ,  58 ). 
     The first exemplary semiconductor structure includes interconnected field effect transistors. The first exemplary semiconductor structure includes at least a semiconductor material portion (i.e., one of the plurality of semiconductor fins ( 32 ,  36 ,  36 ′)) including a source region (one of the source/drain regions  36 ), a drain region (another of the source drain regions  36 ), and a body region  32  and located on a substrate that includes the handle substrate  10  and the buried insulator layer  20 . The planarization dielectric layer  60  overlies the semiconductor material portion. A second-type gate stack structure ( 51 ,  58 ) is embedded in the planarization dielectric layer  60  and including a second-type gate dielectric  51  and a second-type gate electrode  58  that is embedded in the second-type gate dielectric  51 . The second-type gate dielectric  51  includes a horizontal portion 51H1 in contact with the body region  32  and a vertical portion having outer sidewalls that define a lateral extent of the second-type gate stack structure ( 51 ,  58 ). 
     The second-type gate stack structure ( 51 ,  58 ) includes a first portion P1 contacting the semiconductor material portion and extending along a first horizontal direction (i.e., the lengthwise direction of the first-type gate stack structures ( 50 ,  54 )) and a second portion P2 extending along a second horizontal direction that is different from the first direction. The second horizontal direction may, or may not, be orthogonal to the first direction. In one embodiment, the second portion P2 does not overlie the semiconductor material portion, and is laterally offset, i.e., is spaced, from the semiconductor material portion. 
     Each of the first-type and second-type gate dielectrics ( 50 ,  51 ) can include a dielectric metal oxide having a dielectric constant greater than 8.0. The second-type gate dielectric  51  in the second portion P2 can further include another horizontal portion 51H2 that is vertically offset relative to the horizontal portion 51H1 that contacts the body region  32 . In one embodiment, a bottom surface of the other horizontal portion 51H2 can be in contact with a horizontal surface of the planarization dielectric layer  60  that is located at a height between a topmost surface of the planarization dielectric layer  60  and a bottommost surface of the planarization dielectric layer  60 . In one embodiment, semiconductor material portion can be a semiconductor fin ( 32 ,  36 ,  36 ′) located on a buried insulator layer  20  in the substrate ( 10 ,  20 ), and the bottom surface of the other horizontal portion 51H2 can be located in a horizontal plane located beneath a horizontal plane including a topmost surface of the semiconductor fin ( 32 ,  36 ,  36 ′). In another embodiment, semiconductor material portion is a semiconductor fin ( 32 ,  36 ,  36 ′) located on a buried insulator layer  20  in the substrate  910 ,  20 ), and the bottom surface of the other horizontal portion 51H2 can be located in a horizontal plane located above a horizontal plane including a topmost surface of the semiconductor fin ( 32 ,  36 ,  36 ′). 
     Referring to  FIGS. 9A ,  9 B, and  9 C, a contact-level dielectric layer  80  can be deposited over the planarization dielectric layer  60 . Various contact via structures can be formed through the contact-level dielectric layer  80 . The various contact via structures can include, for example, gate contact via structures  85  that extend through the contact-level dielectric layer  80  and contact one of the gate electrodes ( 54 ,  58 ), and active region contact via structures  86  that extend through a stack of the contact-level dielectric layer  80  and the planarization dielectric layer  60  and contact the source/drain regions  36 . Optionally, at least one metal semiconductor alloy portions (not shown) can be formed between the contact via structures ( 85 ,  86 ) and the source/drain regions  36  or gate electrodes ( 54 ,  58 ). 
     Referring to  FIG. 10 , a second exemplary semiconductor structure can be derived from the first exemplary semiconductor structure by increasing the depth of the trench(es)  69 . In this case, a semiconductor material portion (e.g., one of the semiconductor fins ( 32 ,  36 ,  36 ′)) can be located on the buried insulator layer  20 , and a bottom surface of the other horizontal portion 51H2 of the second-type gate dielectric  51  can be in contact with a surface of the buried insulator layer  20 . In one embodiment, the bottom surface of the other horizontal portion 51H2 can be coplanar with a topmost surface of the buried insulator layer  20 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 11 , a third exemplary semiconductor structure can be derived from the first exemplary semiconductor structure by increasing the depth of the trench(es)  69 . In this case, a semiconductor material portion (e.g., one of the semiconductor fins ( 32 ,  36 ,  36 ′)) can be located on the buried insulator layer  20 , and a bottom surface of the other horizontal portion 51H2 of the second-type gate dielectric  51  can be in contact with a surface of the buried insulator layer  20 . In one embodiment, the bottom surface of the other horizontal portion 51H2 can be located below a topmost surface of the buried insulator layer  20 . 
     While the disclosure has been described in terms of specific embodiments, it is evident in view of the foregoing description that numerous alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Each of the various embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented alone, or in combination with any other embodiments of the present disclosure unless expressly disclosed otherwise or otherwise impossible as would be known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Accordingly, the disclosure is intended to encompass all such alternatives, modifications and variations which fall within the scope and spirit of the disclosure and the following claims.