Abstract:
The present invention is related to transmitting quality of service (QoS) information of a target base station for admitting service flows during a handover operation. The invention comprises providing a service to a mobile station from a serving base station and receiving at the serving base station a handover request from the mobile station. The serving base station then provides a handover notification to a target base station, wherein the handover notification comprises a QoS parameter associated with the service. The serving base station then receives from the target base station a handover notification response, wherein the handover notification response comprises service level prediction information that is determined in response to the QoS parameter associated with the service. Finally, the serving base station provides a handover response to the mobile station, the handover response comprising the service level prediction information.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
   This application is a continuation of U.S. Application Ser. No. 11/072,853, filed on Mar. 3, 2005, currently pending, which pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §119(a), claims the benefit of earlier filing date and right of priority to Korean Application No. P04-015128, filed on Mar. 5, 2004, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. 

   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   1. Field of the Invention 
   The present invention relates to a mobile broadband wireless access system for transferring service information during a handover operation, and more particularly, to transmitting quality of service (QoS) information to a target base station for admitted service flows during the handover operation. 
   2. Description of the Related Art 
   Generally, a handover operation can be performed in a broadband wireless access system according to a request by a mobile subscriber station (MSS) or a base station (BS). In performing the handover operation from a current serving base station to one of a plurality of target base stations, the mobile subscriber station must provide quality of service (QoS) information for a service flow admitted in the current mobile subscriber station to the respective target base stations. 
   The QoS information provided to the target base stations includes a required bandwidth and a required service class name for the admitted service of the current mobile subscriber station. However, the target base stations are unable to sufficiently guarantee the QoS of a specific service with the QoS information only. In case a plurality of service flows are admitted in the mobile subscriber station, information indicating which one of the plurality of admitted service flows will be guaranteed is not provided. 
   For example, it is assumed that a mobile subscriber station receives both a real-time moving picture download service and a fixed speed service, such as a Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP), from a current serving base station. While the mobile subscriber station is receiving the services, if a situation needing handover occurs, the information about the required bandwidth and the service class name for one QoS guarantee is delivered to target base stations. However, specific handover quality information for maintaining a quality of service for each admitted service is not delivered to the target base stations. Hence, it is difficult to decide which one of the respective admitted service flows will be guaranteed for its QoS. Moreover, it is difficult for the target base station to predict the estimated QoS level for each of the services. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention is directed to transmitting quality of service (QoS) information to a target base station for admitted service flows during a handover operation. 
   Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings. 
   To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the present invention, as embodied and broadly described, the present invention is embodied in a method of receiving quality of service (QoS) information in a mobile station associated with a handover operation in a wireless communication system, the method comprising receiving at least one service from a serving base station, scanning at least one target base station to perform the handover operation, requesting a handover request with the serving base station, and receiving a handover response comprising service level prediction information from the serving base station, wherein the service level prediction information is determined by the at least one target base station in response to a QoS parameter associated with the at least one service received from the serving base station. 
   Preferably, the QoS parameter comprises at least one of latency information, reserved traffic rate, tolerable traffic rate and sustained traffic rate. The service level prediction information comprises at least one of (1) no service flow available for the mobile station, (2) all service flow available, (3) some service flow available, and (4) no service level prediction available. Moreover, the handover response further comprises a recommended target base station to where the mobile station should handover. Preferably, the mobile station determines the at least one target base station to handover to. 
   In one aspect of the present invention, the method further comprises requesting the at least one service from the serving base station, and receiving a service approval message from the serving base station. Preferably, the service approval message comprises at least one of a QoS parameter value for the at least one service requested and an indication as to the possibility of activating the at least one service requested. 
   In one embodiment of the invention, a method of providing quality of service (QoS) information associated with a handover operation in a wireless communication system, comprises providing at least one service to a mobile station from a serving base station, receiving at the serving base station a handover request from the mobile station, providing a handover notification to at least one target base station, wherein the handover notification comprises a QoS parameter associated with the at least one service, receiving from the at least one target base station a handover notification response, wherein the handover notification response comprises service level prediction information that is determined in response to the QoS parameter associated with the at least one service, and providing a handover response to the mobile station, the handover response comprising the service level prediction information. 
   Preferably, the QoS parameter comprises at least one of latency information, reserved traffic rate, tolerable traffic rate and sustained traffic rate. The service level prediction information comprises at least one of (1) no service flow available for a mobile station, (2) all service flow available, (3) some service flow available, and (4) no service level prediction available. Moreover, the handover response further comprises a recommended target base station to where the mobile station should handover. Preferably, the mobile station determines the at least one target base station to handover to. 
   In one aspect of the present invention, the method further comprises receiving a service request for at least one service from the mobile station, checking for the presence of radio resources available for the at least one service requested, allocating a radio resource to the mobile station having requested the at least one service if radio resources are available, and transmitting a service approval message to the mobile station. 
   Preferably, the service approval message comprises at least one of a QoS parameter value for the at least one service requested and an indication as to the possibility of activating the at least one service requested. Furthermore, the serving base station transmits information regarding at least one admitted service flow to the target base station allowing a QoS parameter value for the at least one admitted service flow to be periodically provided to the target base station. 
   In another aspect of the present invention, the method further comprises providing a handover confirmation to the at least one target base station, receiving at the serving base station a handover indication from the mobile station, and discontinuing communication between the serving base station and the mobile station. 
   In another embodiment, the present invention is embodied in a mobile station for receiving quality of service (QoS) information associated with a handover operation in a wireless communication system, the mobile station comprising means for receiving at least one service from a serving base station, means for scanning at least one target base station to perform the handover operation, and means for requesting a handover request with the serving base station, wherein the means for receiving the at least one service receives a handover response comprising service level prediction information from the serving base station, wherein the service level prediction information is determined by the at least one target base station in response to a QoS parameter associated with the at least one service received from the serving base station. 
   Preferably, the QoS parameter comprises at least one of latency information, reserved traffic rate, tolerable traffic rate and sustained traffic rate. The service level prediction information comprises at least one of (1) no service flow available for the mobile station, (2) all service flow available, (3) some service flow available, and (4) no service level prediction available. Moreover, the handover response further comprises a recommended target base station to where the mobile station should handover. Preferably, the mobile station determines the at least one target base station to handover to. 
   In one aspect of the present invention, the means for requesting the handover request requests the at least one service from the serving base station, and the means for receiving the at least one service receives a service approval message from the serving base station. Preferably, the service approval message comprises at least one of a QoS parameter value for the at least one service requested and an indication as to the possibility of activating the at least one service requested. 
   In one embodiment of the invention, a network for providing quality of service (QoS) information associated with a handover operation in a wireless communication system, comprises means for providing at least one service to a mobile station from a serving base station and means for receiving at the serving base station a handover request from the mobile station, wherein the means for providing the at least one service provides a handover notification to at least one target base station, wherein the handover notification comprises a QoS parameter associated with the at least one service, wherein the means for receiving the handover request receives from the at least one target base station a handover notification response, wherein the handover notification response comprising service level prediction information that is determined in response to the QoS parameter associated with the at least one service, wherein the means for providing at least one service provides a handover response to the mobile station, the handover response comprising the service level prediction information. 
   Preferably, the QoS parameter comprises at least one of latency information, reserved traffic rate, tolerable traffic rate and sustained traffic rate. The service level prediction information comprises at least one of (1) no service flow available for a mobile station, (2) all service flow available, (3) some service flow available, and (4) no service level prediction available. Moreover, the handover response further comprises a recommended target base station to where the mobile station should handover. Preferably, the mobile station determines the at least one target base station to handover to. 
   In one aspect of the present invention, the apparatus further comprises means for receiving a service request for at least one service from the mobile station, means for checking the presence of radio resources available for the at least one service requested and allocating a radio resource to the mobile station having requested the at least one service if radio resources are available, and means for transmitting a service approval message to the mobile station. 
   Preferably, the service approval message comprises at least one of a QoS parameter value for the at least one service requested and an indication as to the possibility of activating the at least one service requested. Furthermore, the serving base station transmits information regarding at least one admitted service flow to the target base station allowing a QoS parameter value for the at least one admitted service flow to be periodically provided to the target base station. 
   In another aspect of the present invention, the network further comprises means for providing a handover confirmation to the at least one target base station, means for receiving at the serving base station a handover indication from the mobile station, and means for discontinuing communication between the serving base station and the mobile station. 
   It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the invention. 
       FIG. 1  is a flowchart for transferring quality of service information in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
       FIG. 2  is a flowchart for transferring quality of service information during handover in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
   The present invention relates to transmitting quality of service (QoS) information to a target base station for admitted service flows during handover in a broadband wireless access system. 
   Referring to  FIG. 1 , in one embodiment of the present invention, a mobile subscriber station (MSS)  11  transmits a service request message to a serving base station (BS # 1 )12 to receive a specific application service (step S 101 ). The service request message comprises information of a service flow to be activated and/or desired QoS parameters to receive the service. 
   The serving base station  12  having received the service request message checks for the presence of radio resources available for the service requested by the mobile subscriber station  11  (step S 102 ). If radio resources are available, the serving base station  12  allocates a radio resource to the mobile subscriber station  11  having requested the service (step S 103 ). Thereafter, information indicating whether the serving base station  12  is capable of performing the service flow requested by the mobile subscriber station  11  is transmitted via a service approval message to the mobile subscriber station  11  (step S 104 ). The service approval message includes QoS parameter values for the service flow requested by the mobile subscriber station  11  and an indication as to the possibility of activating the requested service flow. 
   Once providing an application service to the mobile subscriber station  11  (step S 105 ), the serving base station  12  transmits information regarding admitted service flows to target base stations (BS # 2 )  13  (step S 106 ). In doing so, the QoS parameter values for the service flows can be periodically provided to the target base stations  13 . 
   While the service flow is admitted in the above-explained manner, if the mobile subscriber station  11  transmits a handover request message (for example, MOB_MSSHO_REQ) (step S 107 ), the serving base station  12  transmits a handover pre-notification message (HO-pre-notification) to the target base stations  13  (step S 108 ). The handover pre-notification message (HO-pre-notification) may include required information for maintaining the respective admitted service flows. Preferably, the required information for maintaining the respective admitted service flow includes a service flow identifier (SFID), a service class name, QoS parameters corresponding to each service flow, and specific values corresponding to the QoS parameters, respectively. For example, the QoS parameters may be maximum latency, minimum reserved traffic rate, minimum tolerable traffic rate, maximum sustained traffic rate, etc. 
   Each of the target base stations  13  having received the handover pre-notification message (HO-pre-notification) decides whether it is capable of admitting a new mobile subscriber station  11 . The decision is then transmitted to the serving base station  12  via a handover pre-notification response message (HO-pre-notification-response) (step S 109 ). The handover pre-notification response message (HO-pre-notification-response) may include information indicating estimated service levels of the admitted service flows which can be provided to the current mobile subscriber station  11  from the target base stations  13 . 
   Subsequently, the serving base station  12  having received the handover pre-notification response messages (HO-pre-notification-response) from the target stations  13 , respectively transmits the information regarding the service levels that can be provided by the target base stations  13  to the mobile subscriber station  11  (step S 110 ). 
   Referring to  FIG. 2 , in another embodiment of the present invention, there exists a plurality of target base stations from which a mobile subscriber station (MSS)  21  can choose to perform a handover operation with. Preferably, once the mobile subscriber station  21  is provided with an application service, as described in steps S 101 -S 105  of  FIG. 1 , for example, the mobile subscriber station  21  scans neighbor base stations  22 ,  23 ,  24  (step S 201 ). If the mobile subscribe station  21  decides to perform handover, the mobile subscriber station  21  transmits a handover request message (MOB_MSSHO_REQ) to a serving base station  22  (BS # 1 ) (step S 202 ). 
   The serving base station  22  then transmits a handover request pre-notification message (HO-pre-notification) to notify target base stations  23  and  24  (BS # 2  and BS # 3 , respectively) that there exists the mobile subscriber station  21  requesting the handover (steps S 203  and S 204 ). 
   For example, Table 1 and Table 2 show configurations for handover request pre-notification messages (HO-pre-notification). 
   
     
       
             
             
             
           
         
             
               TABLE 1 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Field 
               Size 
               Contents 
             
             
                 
             
           
           
             
               Global Header 
               152-bit  
                 
             
             
               For (j=0; J&lt;Num 
             
             
               Records; j++{ 
             
             
               MSS unique 
               48-bit 
               48-bit unique identifier used by MSS (as 
             
             
               identifier 
                 
               provided by the MSS or by the I-am-host-of message) 
             
             
               Estimated Time to 
               16-bit 
               In milliseconds, relative to the time stamp. 
             
             
               HO 
                 
               A value of 0 indicates that the estimated 
             
             
                 
                 
               time is known. 
             
             
               N_NSIE 
                 
               Number of Network Service Information 
             
             
                 
                 
               Elements 
             
             
               For (k=0; 
             
             
               k&lt;N_NSIE; k++) 
             
             
               Field Size 
               16-bit 
               Size of TLV encoded information field below 
             
             
               TLV encoded 
               Variable 
               TLV information as allowed on a DSA_REQMAC message 
             
             
               information 
             
             
               } 
             
             
               } 
             
             
               Security field 
               TBD 
               A means to authenticate this message 
             
             
               CRC field 
               32-bit 
               IEEE CRC-32 
             
             
                 
             
           
        
       
     
   
   
     
       
             
             
             
           
         
             
               TABLE 2 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Field 
               Size 
               Contents 
             
             
                 
             
           
           
             
               Global Header 
               152-bit  
                 
             
             
               For (j=0; J&lt;Num Records; j++{ 
             
             
               MSS unique identifier 
               48-bit 
               48-bit unique identifier used by MSS 
             
             
                 
                 
               (as provided by the MSS or by the I- 
             
             
                 
                 
               am-host-of message 
             
             
               Estimated Time to HO 
               16-bit 
               In milliseconds, relative to the time 
             
             
                 
                 
               stamp. 
             
             
                 
                 
               A value of 0 indicates that the 
             
             
                 
                 
               estimated time is known. 
             
             
               Required BW 
                8-bit 
               Bandwidth which is required by MSS (to 
             
             
                 
                 
               guarantee minimum packet data transmission) 
             
             
               For (i=0; 
             
             
               i&lt;Num_SFID_Records;i++){ 
             
             
               SFID 
             
             
               For (k=0; 
             
             
               k&lt;Num_QoS_Records;k++){ 
             
             
               Required QoS 
             
             
               Field Size 
               Variable 
               QoS parameter definition encodings that in 
             
             
                 
                 
               combination define an Admitted QoS 
             
             
                 
                 
               ParamterSet specific to the SFID 
             
             
               } 
             
             
               } 
             
             
               } 
             
             
               Security field 
               TBD 
               A means to authenticate this message 
             
             
                 
             
           
        
       
     
   
   In the present invention, parameters associated with a QoS corresponding to each admitted service flow and values corresponding to the parameters are transmitted using the handover request pre-notification message (HO-pre-notification) transmitted during handover from the serving base station  22  to the target base stations  23  and  44 . In other words, the handover request pre-notification message (HO-pre-notification) includes the QoS parameters and the values corresponding to the parameters. 
   Each of the target base stations  23  and  24  having received the handover request pre-notification message (HO-pre-notification) transmits a handover pre-notification response message (HO-pre-notification-response) to the serving base station  22  (steps S 205  and S 206 ). Preferably, the handover pre-notification response message (HO-pre-notification-response) includes QoS-associated information. 
   The QoS-associated information transmitted via the handover pre-notification response message (HO-pre-notification-response) preferably includes information regarding the presence of service estimation and information indicating estimated service levels of the admitted service flows which can be provided to the current mobile subscriber station  21  from each of the target base stations  23  and  24 . 
   The QoS-associated information may be the same information as a service level prediction information that the serving base station  22  transfers to the mobile subscriber station  21  via a handover response message. Preferably, it is possible to divide the information to indicate “all service flows available,” “several service flows available,” “no service flows available,” and the like. 
   One exemplary configuration of the handover pre-notification response message (HO-pre-notification-response) is shown in Table 3. 
   
     
       
             
             
             
           
         
             
               TABLE 3 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Field 
               Size 
               Contents 
             
             
                 
             
           
           
             
               Global Header 
               152-bit  
                 
             
             
               For (j=0; J&lt;Num 
             
             
               Records; j++{ 
             
             
               MSS unique 
               48-bit 
               48-bit unique identifier used by MSS (as provided by 
             
             
               identifier 
                 
               the MSS or by the I-am-host-of message 
             
             
               Service level 
                 
               Expected service level 
             
             
               prediction 
                 
               0 = No service possible for this MSS. 
             
             
                 
                 
               1 = some service is available for one or several 
             
             
                 
                 
               Service Flows authorized for the MSS. 
             
             
                 
                 
               2 = For each authorized Service Flow, a MAC 
             
             
                 
                 
               connection can be established with QoS specified by 
             
             
                 
                 
               the Authorized QoS parameter Set. 
             
             
                 
                 
               3 = No service level prediction available. 
             
             
               } 
             
             
               Security field 
               TBD 
               A means to authenticate this message 
             
             
               CRC field 
               32-bit 
               IEEE CRC-32 
             
             
                 
             
           
        
       
     
   
   The serving base station  22  selects one base station appropriate for the handover execution from the target base stations  23  and  24 . The serving base station  22  then transmits a handover confirmation message (HO-confirm) to the selected target base station. In this case, the selected base station is the target base station  24  (step S 207 ). The serving base station  22  recommends the target base station  24  as the selected base station to the mobile subscriber station  21  via a handover response message (MOB_HO_RSP) (step S 208 ). 
   One exemplary configuration of the handover response message (MOB_HO_RSP) is shown in Table 4. 
   
     
       
             
             
             
           
         
             
               TABLE 4 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Syntax 
               Size 
               Contents 
             
             
                 
             
           
           
             
               MOB_BSHO- 
                 
                 
             
             
               RSP_Message_Format ( ) 
             
             
               Management Message 
               8 bit 
             
             
               Type=53 
             
             
               Estimated HO time 
               8 bit 
               Target base stations shall be presented in an 
             
             
                 
                 
               order such that the first presented is the one 
             
             
                 
                 
               most recommended and the last presented is 
             
             
                 
                 
               the least recommended. 
             
             
                 
                 
               N_Recommended can be derived from the 
             
             
                 
                 
               known length of the message. 
             
             
               For j(=0; 
             
             
               j&lt;N_Recommended; j++) 
             
             
               Target BS-ID 
               48 bit  
             
             
               Service level prediction 
               8 bit 
               Expected service level 
             
             
                 
                 
               0 = No service possible for this MSS. 
             
             
                 
                 
               1 = some service is available for one or 
             
             
                 
                 
               several Service Flows authorized for the MSS. 
             
             
                 
                 
               2 = For each authorized Service Flow, a MAC 
             
             
                 
                 
               connection can be established with QoS 
             
             
                 
                 
               specified by the Authorized QoS parameter Set. 
             
             
                 
                 
               3 = No service level prediction available. 
             
             
               } 
             
             
               } 
             
             
                 
             
           
        
       
     
   
   The mobile subscriber station  21  may follow the recommendation received from the serving base station  22  and decide to execute the handover to the recommended target base station  24 ; however, the mobile subscriber station  21  may also choose not to follow the recommendation of the serving base station  22  and decide to execute the handover to a different target base station or not execute the handover at all. If handover is executed to the recommended target base station  24 , the mobile subscriber station  21  transmits a handover indication message (MOB_HO_Indication) to the serving base station  22  (step S 209 ). The serving base station  22  then recognizes the mobile subscriber station  21  executing the handover to the target base station  24  and releases a connection for the mobile subscriber station  21  (step S 210 ). The mobile subscriber station  21  then performs a ranging process with the target base station  24  to set a new serving base station to the target base station  24  (step S 211 ). 
   The embodiments of the present invention explain that the handover is executed according to a request made by the mobile subscriber station  21 . However, transmission of QoS information for the respective admitted service flows is applicable to a case where the handover is executed upon a request made by a base station. Accordingly, the present invention can sustain the QoS for each of the admitted service flows in handover. 
   Although the present invention is described in the context of mobile communication, the present invention may also be used in any wireless communication systems using mobile devices, such as PDAs and laptop computers equipped with wireless communication capabilities. Moreover, the use of certain terms to describe the present invention should not limit the scope of the present invention to certain type of wireless communication system, such as UMTS. The present invention is also applicable to other wireless communication systems using different air interfaces and/or physical layers, for example, TDMA, CDMA, FDMA, WCDMA, etc. 
   The preferred embodiments may be implemented as a method, apparatus or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware, or any combination thereof. The term “article of manufacture” as used herein refers to code or logic implemented in hardware logic (e.g., an integrated circuit chip, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), etc.) or a computer readable medium (e.g., magnetic storage medium (e.g., hard disk drives, floppy disks, tape, etc.), optical storage (CD-ROMs, optical disks, etc.), volatile and non-volatile memory devices (e.g., EEPROMs, ROMs, PROMs, RAMs, DRAMs, SRAMs, firmware, programmable logic, etc.). 
   Code in the computer readable medium is accessed and executed by a processor. The code in which preferred embodiments are implemented may further be accessible through a transmission media or from a file server over a network. In such cases, the article of manufacture in which the code is implemented may comprise a transmission media, such as a network transmission line, wireless transmission media, signals propagating through space, radio waves, infrared signals, etc. Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize that many modifications may be made to this configuration without departing from the scope of the present invention, and that the article of manufacture may comprise any information bearing medium known in the art. 
   It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention covers the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.