Abstract:
A method and apparatus for coordinating a multi-point wireless transmission between a plurality of geographically separated transmission points and at least one user equipment.

Description:
CLAIM OF PRIORITY 
       [0001]    This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 119(e)(1) to U.S. Provisional Application TI-71514PS 
     
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The technical field of this invention is wireless communication such as wireless telephony. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    The present embodiments relate to wireless communication systems and, more particularly, to Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) transmission in which a single mobile unit communicates with plural transmission points. 
         [0004]    In legacy wireless cellular systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) Rel. 8 to 10, a wireless network includes multiple base stations (eNodeBs, eNBs). Each base station may be configured as a single cell with its own cell ID. Mobile terminals or user equipment (UE) always connect to and exchange uplink (UL) data and downlink (DL) data with a connected cell in single-cell transmission/reception. 
         [0005]    CoMP stands for Coordinated Multi-Point transmission. In CoMP multiple geographically separated transmission points (TP) coordinate with each other to jointly optimize downlink transmission activities. These include beam forming vectors, transmission power and/or scheduling decisions. In contrast to traditional wireless networks without cell coordination where signals from other transmission points impose co-channel interference, coordination within multiple TPs allows the signals to be cooperatively designed to reduce co-channel interference, boost received signal to noise ratio (SNR) and improve cell average throughput and cell-edge coverage. A transmission point herein may refer to a spatially separated transmission entity such as a base station, cell, macro eNB, pico eNB, femto eNB, remote radio heads, distributed antennas, other wireless transmission entity or a combination of these. 
         [0006]    Channel state information reference symbol (CSI-RS) is used in LTE Rel. 10 for UE CSI feedback purpose. A UE measures the downlink channel from an eNB transmitter to the UE receiver by using CSI-RS, and reports the channel state information (CSI) measurement in the uplink. CSI-RS is UE-specific and unprecoded. 
         [0007]    In legacy single-cell (or single-point) transmission, UE measures and reports the signal cell CSI of its serving cell. The serving cell configures a single-cell CSI-RS resource for downlink measurement. A CSI-RS resource corresponding to one cell may include 1, 2, 4, or 8 CSI-RS antenna ports. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0008]    This invention is a technique for coordinate multi-point wireless transmission between a plurality of geographically separated points and at least one user equipment. 
         [0009]    For multi-point CoMP communication, the UE measures the downlink wireless propagation channels corresponding to multiple geographically separated transmission points (TP). The network configures multiple CSI-RS resources, each of which is associated with a TP. UE measures the downlink channel using the multiple configured CSI-RS resources, and reports multiple CSIs in the uplink feedback channel. Each CSI report is defined as a “CSI-process”, where CSI-process with a lower CSI-process-index has a higher priority. Multiple CSI-processes can be reported periodically. Each periodic CSI feedback comprises a single CSI-process. Different CSI-processes are time-domain-multiplexed on different uplink feedback time instances, and are not multiplexed in the same feedback time instance. If two CSI-processes collide in the time domain, CSI-process of a higher priority is reported, and CSI-process of a lower priority is dropped. UE can also feedback multiple CSI-processes in an aperiodic manner, where multiple CSI-processes are reported simultaneously. Aperiodic feedback by the UE is triggered by an n-bit CSI-triggering field in an uplink grant transmitted by the network. Each codepoint of the n-bit triggering field triggers feedback of a subset of CST-processes configured by the higher-layer. If UE is configured with COMP and without carrier aggregation, CSI-processes are ordered by decreasing CSI-process priority. If UE is configured with CoMP and carrier aggregation simultaneously, CSI-processes are ordered firstly by decreasing carrier index, and secondly by decreasing CSI-process priority. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0010]    These and other aspects of this invention are illustrated in the drawings, in which: 
           [0011]      FIG. 1  illustrates an exemplary prior art wireless communication system to which this application is applicable; 
           [0012]      FIG. 2  shows the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Time Division Duplex (TDD) frame structure of the prior art; 
           [0013]      FIG. 3  illustrates an example Coordinated Multi-Point scenario; 
           [0014]      FIG. 4  illustrates the process  400  of UE feeding back CSIs and establishing data communication with eNB. 
           [0015]      FIG. 5  illustrates the process of UE aperiodically reporting CSI. 
           [0016]      FIG. 6  illustrates an ordering of CSI-processes for a UE configured with CoMP and without carrier aggregation. 
           [0017]      FIG. 7  illustrates an ordering of CSI-processes for a UE configured with CoMP and carrier aggregation simultaneously. 
           [0018]      FIG. 8  illustrates an ordering of CSI-processes for a UE configured with CoMP on one carrier and without CoMP on another carrier. 
           [0019]      FIG. 9  illustrates an ordering of CSI-processes for a UE configured with CoMP and carrier aggregation simultaneously. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0020]      FIG. 1  shows an exemplary wireless telecommunications network  100 . The illustrative telecommunications network includes base stations  101 ,  102  and  103 , though in operation, a telecommunications network necessarily includes many more base stations. Each of base stations  101 ,  102  and  103  (eNB) are operable over corresponding coverage areas  104 ,  105  and  106 . Each base station&#39;s coverage area is further divided into cells. In the illustrated network, each base station&#39;s coverage area is divided into three cells. Handset or other user equipment (UE)  109  is shown in Cell A  108 . Cell A  108  is within coverage area  104  of base station  101 . Base station  101  transmits to and receives transmissions from UE  109 . As UE  109  moves out of Cell A  108  and into Cell B  107 , UE  109  may be handed over to base station  102 . Because UE  109  is synchronized with base station  101 , UE  109  can employ non-synchronized random access to initiate handover to base station  102 . 
         [0021]    Non-synchronized UE  109  also employs non-synchronous random access to request allocation of up-link  111  time or frequency or code resources. If UE  109  has data ready for transmission, which may be traffic data, measurements report, tracking area update, UE  109  can transmit a random access signal on up-link  111 . The random access signal notifies base station  101  that UE  109  requires up-link resources to transmit the UEs data. Base station  101  responds by transmitting to UE  109  via down-link  110 , a message containing the parameters of the resources allocated for UE  109  up-link transmission along with a possible timing error correction. After receiving the resource allocation and a possible timing advance message transmitted on down-link  110  by base station  101 , UE  109  optionally adjusts its transmit timing and transmits the data on up-link  111  employing the allotted resources during the prescribed time interval. 
         [0022]    Base station  101  configures UE  109  for periodic uplink sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission. Base station  101  estimates uplink channel quality information (CQI) from the SRS transmission. 
         [0023]      FIG. 2  shows the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) time division duplex (TDD) Frame Structure. Different subframes are allocated for downlink (DL) or uplink (UL) transmissions. Table I shows applicable DL/UL subframe allocations. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE I 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Configura- 
                 Switch-point 
                 Sub-frame number 
               
             
          
           
               
                 tion 
                 periodicity 
                 0 
                 1 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 6 
                 7 
                 8 
                 9 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 0 
                  5 ms 
                 D 
                 S 
                 U 
                 U 
                 U 
                 D 
                 S 
                 U 
                 U 
                 U 
               
               
                 1 
                  5 ms 
                 D 
                 S 
                 U 
                 U 
                 D 
                 D 
                 S 
                 U 
                 U 
                 D 
               
               
                 2 
                  5 ms 
                 D 
                 S 
                 U 
                 D 
                 D 
                 D 
                 S 
                 U 
                 D 
                 D 
               
               
                 3 
                 10 ms 
                 D 
                 S 
                 U 
                 U 
                 U 
                 D 
                 D 
                 D 
                 D 
                 D 
               
               
                 4 
                 10 ms 
                 D 
                 S 
                 U 
                 U 
                 D 
                 D 
                 D 
                 D 
                 D 
                 D 
               
               
                 5 
                 10 ms 
                 D 
                 S 
                 U 
                 D 
                 D 
                 D 
                 D 
                 D 
                 D 
                 D 
               
               
                 6 
                 10 ms 
                 D 
                 S 
                 U 
                 U 
                 U 
                 D 
                 S 
                 U 
                 U 
                 D 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
       DL CoMP CSI Measurement 
       [0024]    CoMP stands for Coordinated Multi-Point Transmission, where multiple geographically separated transmission points (TP) such as base station, cell, macro eNB, pico eNB, femto eNB, or remote radio heads (RRH), distributed antennas, other wireless transmission entity, or a combination of these, coordinate with each other to jointly optimize the downlink beamforming signals. A pico eNB is a low-power base station having a smaller cell size for a more limited local coverage than a macro eNB. A femto eNB has an even further limited local coverage, generally in the range of 10 meters. A remote radio head (RRH) is an antenna located remotely from the base station handling the same transmitter or received signal as the base station. The RRH is coupled to the eNB via a non-air transmission link such as a wired radio frequency (RF) link or a fiber optic link. The eNB performs the baseband processing for all RRHs. In contrast to traditional wireless networks without cell coordination where signals from other transmission points impose co-channel interference, coordination within multiple TPs allows the signals to be cooperatively optimized in time/frequency/spatial domain to reduce co-channel interference. This boosts the received signal to noise ratio (SNR) and improves cell average throughput and cell-edge coverage at the UE. 
         [0025]      FIG. 3  illustrates an example CoMP scenario  300 . Cell  310  includes main base station (eNB)  311 . Subsidiary cell  320  includes subsidiary base station (eNB)  321 . User equipment (UE)  330  communicates with both base stations. Main eNB  311  communicates with UE  330  via two-way radio frequency link  312 . Subsidiary eNB  321  communicates with UE  330  via two-way radio frequency link  322 .  FIG. 3  illustrates UE  330  within cell  310  and not within cell  320 , but this is only an example. UE  330  may be located only within cell  320  and not within cell  310  or within both cells  310  and  320 . The two eNBs  311  and  321  must generally communicate via a backhaul network  340 . 
         [0026]      FIG. 4  illustrates the process  400  of the UE initiating communication. At block  401  the UE begins its initialization. This could be triggered by the UE powering up from an OFF state or the UE first coming within range of the corresponding eNB. UE performs cell search, connects to one strongest cell and obtains its cell ID. In the known art the cell ID can be determined from primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS) of the strongest cell. These are continuously or periodically transmitted. The network subsequently configures the UE with CoMP communication where the UE not only communicates with the strongest cell, but also with multiple other cells. This requires UE to measure the multiple channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources of multiple cells. At this stage the UE does not know the CSI-RS sequence of other cells, because the UE does not know the cell IDs of other cells involved in CoMP coordination. At block  402  the CSI-RS resource of each cell in COMP coordination is configured by higher-layer signaling to the UE. This higher-layer signaling could be transmitted to the UE by the strongest cell which the UE is synchronized to. Upon determination of the CSI-RS resources, in block  403  the UE measures channel state information on the CSI-RS resource from each eNB. In a COMP scenario there are plural such eNBs, each with its own CSI-RS resource. At least one of the communicating eNBs signals the UE which CSI-RS resources to measure. In block  404  the UE uses plural CSI-RS resources to compute a Channel State Information (CSI) for each of configured CSI-RS resources. In block  405  the UE transmits these CSI measurements. The UE does not control which eNB receives this signal. The UE transmits this signal and one or more eNBs receive it. 
         [0027]    In block  406  an eNB selects communication parameters for the UE to use in normal communications, which may include the physical resource blocks for data transmission, modulation and coding scheme, beamforming vectors, and transmission point(s) used for downlink transmission. These communications parameters may have the UE exchanging UL and DL signals with one or more of the plural eNBs. The eNB bases this selection on the plural CSI responses from the UE (block  405 ). In block  407  the communicating eNB(s) transmit information that the UE needs to establish a communications link with the eNB. In block  408  the UE establishes normal communications in accordance with these communication parameters. 
       DL CoMP CSI Feedback 
       [0028]    CSI measurement/feedback is an essential component that plays a significant role in CoMP operation, for transmission set selection, beamforming computation, multiuser pairing, link adaptation and scheduling. For CoMP the UE feedback (blocks  404  and  405 ) needs to contain multiple CSI measurements corresponding to multiple transmission points. In order to do this higher layer signaling configures multiple CSI-RS resources. Each CSI-RS resource corresponds to a unique single-cell CSI-RS pattern. The linkage between each configured CSI-RS resource and each transmission point is configured at the network and is transparent to the UE. The UE measures the CSI-RS of each CSI-RS resource and reports the corresponding CST. Each CSI is defined as a “CSI-process” that reflects a set of recommended transmission properties, which may include rank indicator (RI), preceding matrix indicator (PMI), and channel quality indicator (CQI). Rank indicator is the number of data layers that the UE recommends for downlink transmission. PMI is an index to a precoding matrix recommended for downlink data transmission. CQI is an indicator to the signal strength of the downlink channel, which may be signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or the size of a downlink packet. Thus the UE performs measurements on plural CSI-RS resources for this multiple CSI feedback operation. Each CSI-process can be configured by the higher-layer signaling with a CSI-process-index. Configuration of CSI-process-index is a network implementation issue, based for example on UL received signal strength or on vendor-specific CoMP scheduling algorithm. Additionally, each CSI-process may be configured with a different priority level. It is possible that the priority order of a CSI-process is implicitly tied to the CSI-process-index, where CSI-process with a lower CST-process-index has higher priority. 
       Periodic CSI Feedback 
       [0029]    UE feedback of CSI can be configured to be periodic on a specific uplink physical channel. In legacy LTE Rel. 8-10 system with single-cell operation, UE can be configured to report single-cell CST periodically on the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH). Periodic CSI feedback on PUCCH is configured with a UE-specific periodicity and time-domain offset, both in unit of subframe (1 ms). Using the periodicity and offsets, UE understands which set of uplink subframes shall be used for CSI feedback. 
         [0030]    PUCCH is a narrow control channel pipeline. It has a small payload and must meet a stringent reliability requirement to ensure cell coverage. CSI feedback on PUCCH typically has to be limited to a small payload. For CoMP CSI feedback where multiple CSIs are to be reported, it is undesirable to multiplex several CSI reports in one PUCCH. This is particular important considering that most UEs receiving COMP transmission have poor channel geometry, and ensuring cell coverage is challenging. CSI multiplexing on PUCCH should be avoided in order not to compromise the uplink control signal coverage. Therefore, each PUCCH should report a single CSI-process. Feedback of multiple CSI-processes on the PUCCH channel is to be enabled by time-domain multiplexing, where one PUCCH transmission feeds back one CSI-process. Usually, the network may configure different PUCCH reporting periodicities and/or offsets for different CSI-processes, so that they will not be reported in the same uplink subframe. However if two CSI reports occur in the same uplink subframe, a collision handling mechanism is needed. In case of CSI collision on one PUCCH, one CST is reported, and other CSI are dropped. A dropping rule can be defined based on the CSI-process priority. Different CSI-processes may be configured with different priorities by the higher-layer. If CSI of a higher priority collides with a CSI with lower priority on PUCCH, CSI of higher-priority is reported, and CSI of lower priority is dropped. If priority of CSI-process is implicitly and inversely tied to the CSI-process-index, in the event of CSI collision, CSI-process of a lower CSI-process-index is reported, while CSI-process of a higher CST-process-index is dropped. 
         [0031]    Advanced CSI information may be optionally reported by UE. For instance, such advanced CSI feedback includes “inter-CSIRS-resource CSI” which reflects the spatial correlation between different TPs, in the form of a co-phasing component, or “aggregated CQI” that reflect the SNR value of simultaneous transmission from multiple TPs on the same spectrum. 
         [0032]    If inter-CSIRS-resource feedback is supported, one PUCCH carries feedback defined by either per-CSIRS-resource CSI or inter-CSIRS-resource CSI. PUCCH carrying inter-CSIRS-resource CSI and PUCCH carrying per-CSIRS-resource CST are TDM-multiplexed by configuring different PUCCH periodicities and/or offsets. PUCCH caring inter-CSIRS-resources are TDM-multiplexed for different CSIRS-resources. If PUCCHs carrying per-CSIRS-resource CSI and inter-CSIRS-resource CSI collide in the time domain, inter-CSIRS-resource CSI is dropped. 
         [0033]    If aggregated CSI feedback is chosen, one PUCCH carries per-CSIRS-resource CST for one CSIRS-resource, or aggregated CSI. PUCCH carrying inter-CSIRS-resource CSI and PUCCH carrying aggregated CSI are TDM-multiplexed by configuring different PUCCH periodicities and/or offsets. If PUCCHs carrying per-CSIRS-resource CSI and aggregated CSI collide in the time domain, per-CSIRS-resource CSI is dropped. If PUCCH carrying inter-CSIRS-resource CSI and aggregated CSI collide in the time domain, inter-CSIRS-resource CSI is dropped. 
       Aperiodic CSI Feedback 
       [0034]    UE feedback of CSI can be aperiodic, where the UE receives a trigger from the network and transmits the CSI measurement in the uplink. For instance, a 1-bit CSI-triggering field in the uplink grant can be used for triggering aperiodic CSI report. An uplink grant is a downlink control signal transmitted by the network which carries uplink scheduling information including but not limited to the frequency assignment, modulation and coding scheme. If the 1-bit CSI-triggering field in the uplink grant is set to “1”, UE encodes and reports CSI in the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). 
         [0035]    Although multiple CSIs can be reported simultaneously for DL CoMP, it is not always necessary to report all CSIs all the time. At a particular time, the network may trigger the UE to report a subset of CSIs that the network considers necessary for downlink scheduling at a particular system operation environment. This also helps to reduce the CSI feedback payload so that the UE is not required to always feedback the maximum CSI payload. Instead, UE is triggered to only feedback a subset of CSIs deemed important by the downlink scheduler, resulting in less UE power consumption and better uplink coverage. 
         [0036]    To achieve this goal, a combination of Radio Resource Control (RRC) configuration and dynamic signaling is used. The uplink grant has an n-bit CSI-triggering field, where each codepoint of the CSI-triggering field is used to trigger aperiodic feedback of a subset of CSIs. The subset of CSIs corresponding to each codepoint of the n-bit triggering field is semi-statically configured by higher-layer signaling. An embodiment is given in Table II for 2-bit CSI-triggering field. CSI-triggering field is optionally termed as CSI request field. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE II 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 CSI Request for CoMP 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Value of CSI 
                   
               
               
                 request field 
                 Description 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ‘00’ 
                 No aperiodic CSI report is triggered 
               
               
                 ‘01’ 
                 Aperiodic CSI report is triggered for 
               
               
                   
                 transmission point k 
               
               
                 ‘10’ 
                 Aperiodic CSI report is triggered for a 
               
               
                   
                 1 st  set of transmission points (CSI-RS 
               
               
                   
                 subsets) configured by higher layers 
               
               
                 ‘11’ 
                 Aperiodic CSI report is triggered for a 
               
               
                   
                 2 nd  set of transmission points (CSI-RS 
               
               
                   
                 subsets) configured by higher layers 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0037]    A wireless system may operate on multiple carriers, e.g. carrier aggregation (CA) in LTE Release 10. Herein a carrier refers to a segment of spectrum that is independently operable for a wireless technology. With carrier aggregation, the network may configure a UE to operate on multiple adjacent or non-adjacent frequency spectrums simultaneously to increase the downlink/uplink throughput. This is important to network operators with discontinuous frequency spectrum, which is usually extremely expensive to acquire. It is beneficial for wireless spectrum re-farming so that when an old wireless system (standard) is no longer deployed, the old spectrum can be used for operation of a new wireless system jointly with an new carrier. Each carrier is defined as a “cell” or a “CC”, and configured with a different cellID. Under carrier aggregation, a UE is always connected to the network on a primary cell. The primary cell is configured with the lowest cellID. A UE can be optionally configured to be operable on additional carriers called secondary cells, to increase the downlink throughput. Secondary cells can be turned OFF by the network on a UE-specific manner. Multiple CSIs can be reported for multiple configured cells. 
         [0038]    If CoMP and CA are simultaneously configured for a UE, the CSI triggering field in the UL grant may correspond to a combination of DL CCs as well CoMP TP, configured by higher layer. Herein, the uplink grant may aperiodically trigger reporting CSI feedback for a subset of carriers or CoMP TPs. An example is given in Table III. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE III 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 CSI Request for CoMP with Carrier Aggregation 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Value of CSI 
                   
               
               
                 request field 
                 Description 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ‘00’ 
                 No aperiodic CSI report is triggered 
               
               
                 ‘01’ 
                 Aperiodic CSI report is triggered for 
               
               
                   
                 serving cell c and transmission point k 
               
               
                 ‘10’ 
                 Aperiodic CSI report is triggered for a 
               
               
                   
                 1 st  set of serving cell c and 
               
               
                   
                 transmission points k (CSI-RS subsets) 
               
               
                   
                 configured by higher layers 
               
               
                 ‘11’ 
                 Aperiodic CSI report is triggered for a 
               
               
                   
                 2 nd  set of serving cell c and 
               
               
                   
                 transmission points k (CSI-RS subsets) 
               
               
                   
                 configured by higher layers 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0039]    The uplink grant that a UE is configured to monitor is associated with the uplink transmission mode that the UE is configured to operate with. In addition to the regular UL grant, a UE is also required to monitor a fall-back uplink grant in the common control channel. This fall-back uplink grant has a small payload and has only a 1-bit CSI triggering field. The fall-back uplink grant is usually used for fall-back scheduling e.g. when UE is RRC-reconfigured by the network, or experiences severe channel degradation so that a normal uplink grant cannot be received reliably. The content of the CSI feedback when UE receives CSI triggering in the fall-back uplink grant may include all CSI-processes, or a subset of the CSI-processes. It is important to note that maintaining a reliable connection to the network is crucial for the UE in fall-back operation. To this end, the 1-bit triggering field should be used to trigger a single CSI feedback. If a UE is configured with CoMP and not with CA, the 1-bit triggering field in the uplink grant, when set to “1”, triggers a single CSI report. In one embodiment, the CSI-process with the lowest CSI-process ID, or with the highest priority, is reported. If a UE is configured with both CoMP and CA, the 1-bit triggering field in the fall back uplink grant, triggers a single CSI feedback for the primary cell. In one embodiment, the CSI-process for the primary cell with the lowest CSI-process ID is reported. 
       Encoding of Multiple CSIs on PUSCH 
       [0040]    Aperiodic CSI reports are encoded before being transmitted in the uplink feedback channel on PUSCH. For instance in LTE, tail-biting convolutional code (TBCC) is used for CSI encoding on PUSCH. For CoMP, multiple CSI-processes need to be ordered to form a set of ordered CSI processes, encoded and transmitted on PUSCH. 
         [0041]      FIG. 5  illustrates the process  500  of the UE ordering the triggered set of CSI-processes. At block  501  the UE receives an uplink grant triggering aperiodic CSI report. At block  502  the UE calculates multiple CSI-processes that are triggered by the n-bit CSI-triggering field in the uplink grant. At block  503  UE orders the triggered CSI-processes to form a set of ordered CSI-processes. At block  504  UE sends the set of ordered CSI-processes into a channel encoder. At block  505  UE transmits the encoded CSI-processes in the uplink feedback channel. 
         [0042]    If the UE is configured with CoMP and without CA, CSI processes are ordered by decreasing CSI-process priority. In one embodiment, each CSI-process is configured with a different CSI-process-index, where CSI-process of a lower CSI-process-index has a higher priority. Correspondingly, CSI-process on PUSCH is ordered by increasing CSI-process indexes. 
         [0043]      FIG. 6  illustrates an ordering of CSI-processes for a UE configured with CoMP and without CA. The CSI processes are ordered by increasing CSI-process-indexes, which is equivalent to ordering by decreasing CSI-process priority. 
         [0044]    If CoMP and CA are simultaneously configured for a UE, CSI shall be ordered according to CSI-process priority and carrier (CC) index. In one embodiment, the set of CSI-processes triggered by the uplink grant is ordered firstly by decreasing CSI-process priority, secondly by increasing CC index. In another embodiment, the set of CSI-processes triggered by the uplink grant is ordered firstly by increasing CC index, secondly by decreasing CSI-process priority. The second embodiment is preferred because CSIs corresponding to the same carrier are placed in a consecutive manner. Once the eNB receives the all CSIs of one carrier, it may immediately start scheduling on that carrier, before CSIs for other carriers are available. This reduces the scheduling latency. Correspondingly, each CSI-process is configured with a different CSI-process-index, where CSI-process of a lower CSI-process-index has a higher priority. CSI-processes are then ordered first by increasing CC index, then by increasing CSI-process-index. 
         [0045]      FIG. 7  illustrates an ordering of CSI-processes for a UE configured with CoMP and CA simultaneously. The UE is configured with two downlink cells (CCs), which are CC1 and CC2. The uplink grant triggers 3 CSI-processes to be reported on CC1, and 2 CSI-processes to be reported on CC2. The ordered set of CSI-processes includes the 3 CSI-processes for CC1, by increasing CSI-process-index, followed by two CSI-processes for CC2, by increasing CSI-process-index. 
         [0046]    A UE may be configured with CoMP on one CC and without CoMP on another CC. On the CC where CoMP is configured, multiple CST-processes are reported. On the CC where CoMP is not configured, a single CSI-process is reported.  FIG. 8  illustrates an ordering of CSI-processes for a UE configured with CoMP on CC1 and without CoMP on CC2. The ordered set of CSI-processes includes the 3 CSI-processes for CC1, by increasing CSI-process-index, followed by one CSI-process for CC2. 
         [0047]      FIG. 9  illustrates an ordering of CSI-processes for a UE configured with CoMP and CA simultaneously, where CSI ordering is firstly by increasing CSI-process-index, secondly by increasing CC index. The UE is configured with two downlink cells (CCs), which are CC1 and CC2. The uplink grant triggers 3 CSI-processes to be reported on CC1, and 2 CSI-processes to be reported on CC2.