Abstract:
A folded wall anchor and an anchoring system employing the same are disclosed. The anchor is a folded sheetmetal construct utilizable with various wire formative veneer ties. The folded wall tie enables the junctures of the legs and the base of the wall anchor to be located inboard from the periphery of the wall anchor. Upon installation with the surfaces of the enfolded leg and of the base coplanar, the leg insertion point is sealed thereby. This sealing precludes penetration of air, moisture, and water vapor into the wall structure. Various embodiments showing wall anchor configurations with suitable veneer ties are provided.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is related to the following recently filed application U.S. patent application entitled WALL ANCHOR CONSTRUCTS AND SURFACE-MOUNTED ANCHORING SYSTEMS UTILIZING THE SAME. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates to folded wall anchors and to surface-mounted anchoring systems employing the same, both of which are used in cavity wall constructs. More particularly, the invention relates to sheetmetal wall anchors and wire formative veneer ties that comprise positive interlocking components of the anchoring system. The system has application to seismic-resistant structures and to cavity walls having special requirements. The latter include high-strength requirements for jumbo brick and stone block veneers and high-span requirements for larger cavities with thick insulation. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     In the late 1980&#39;s, surface-mounted wall anchors were developed by Hohmann &amp; Barnard, Inc., patented under U.S. Pat. No. 4,598,518 of the first-named inventor hereof. The invention was commercialized under trademarks DW-10, DW-10-X, and DW-10-HS. These widely accepted building specialty products were designed primarily for dry-wall construction, but were also used with masonry backup walls. For seismic applications, it was common practice to use these wall anchor as part of the DW-10 Seismiclip interlock system which added a Byna-Tie wire formative, a Seismiclip snap-in device—described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,875,319 (&#39;319), and a continuous wire reinforcement. 
     In the dry wall application, the surface-mounted wall anchor of the above-described system has pronged legs that pierce the insulation and the wall board and rest against the metal stud to provide mechanical stability in a four-point landing arrangement. The vertical slot of the wall anchor enables the mason to have the wire tie adjustably positioned along a pathway of up to 3.625-inch (max.)The interlock system served well and received high scores in testing and engineering evaluations which examined effects of various forces, particularly lateral forces, upon brick veneer masonry construction. However, under certain conditions, the system did not sufficiently maintain the integrity of the insulation. 
     The engineering evaluations further described the advantages of having a continuous wire embedded in the mortar joint of anchored veneer wythes. The seismic aspects of these investigations were reported in the inventor&#39;s &#39;319 patent. Besides earthquake protection, the failure of several high-rise buildings to withstand wind and other lateral forces resulted in the incorporation of a continuous wire reinforcement requirement in the Uniform Building Code provisions. The use of a continuous wire in masonry veneer walls has also been found to provide protection against problems arising from thermal expansion and contraction and to improve the uniformity of the distribution of lateral forces in the structure. 
     Shortly after the introduction of the pronged wall anchor, a seismic veneer anchor, which incorporated an L-shaped backplate, was introduced. This was formed from either 12- or 14-gauge sheetmetal and provided horizontally disposed openings in the arms thereof for pintle legs of the veneer anchor. In general, the pintle-receiving sheetmetal version of the Seismiclip interlock system served well, but in addition to the insulation integrity problem, installations were hampered by mortar buildup interfering with pintle leg insertion. 
     In the 1980&#39;s, an anchor for masonry veneer walls was developed and described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,764,069 by Reinwall et al., which patent is an improvement of the masonry veneer anchor of Lopez, U.S. Pat. No. 4,473,984. Here the anchors are keyed to elements that are installed using power-rotated drivers to deposit a mounting stud in a cementitious or masonry backup wall. Fittings are then attached to the stud which include an elongated eye and a wire tie therethrough for deposition in a bed joint of the outer wythe. It is instructive to note that pin-point loading—that is forces concentrated at substantially a single point—developed from this design configuration. Upon experiencing lateral forces over time, this resulted in the loosening of the stud. 
     Exemplary of the public sector building specification is that of the Energy Code Requirement, Boston, Mass. (see Chapter 13 of 780 CMR, Seventh Edition). This Code sets forth insulation R-values well in excess of prior editions and evokes an engineering response opting for thicker insulation and correspondingly larger cavities. Here, the emphasis is upon creating a building envelope that is designed and constructed with a continuous air barrier to control air leakage into or out of conditioned space adjacent the inner wythe. 
     As insulation became thicker, the tearing of insulation during installation of the pronged DW-10X wall anchor, see supra, became more prevalent. This occurred as the installer would fully insert one side of the wall anchor before seating the other side. The tearing would occur during the arcuate path of the insertion of the second leg. The gapping caused in the insulation permitted air and moisture to infiltrate through the insulation along the pathway formed by the tear. While the gapping was largely resolved by placing a self-sealing, dual-barrier polymeric membrane at the site of the legs and the mounting hardware, with increasing thickness in insulation, this patchwork became less desirable. The improvements hereinbelow in surface mounted wall anchors look toward greater retention of insulation integrity and less reliance on a patch. 
     Another prior art development occurred shortly after that of Reinwall/Lopez when Hatzinikolas and Pacholok of Fero Holding Ltd. introduced their sheetmetal masonry connector for a cavity wall. This device is described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,392,581 and 4,869,043. Here a sheetmetal plate connects to the side of a dry wall column and protrudes through the insulation into the cavity. A wire tie is threaded through a slot in the leading edge of the plate capturing an insulative plate thereunder and extending into a bed joint of the veneer. The underlying sheetmetal plate is highly thermally conductive, and the &#39;581 patent describes lowering the thermal conductivity by foraminously structuring the plate. However, as there is no thermal break, a concomitant loss of the insulative integrity results. 
     In recent building codes for masonry structures a trend away from eye and pintle structures is seen in that newer codes require adjustable anchors be detailed to prevent disengagement. This has led to anchoring systems in which the open end of the veneer tie is embedded in the corresponding bed joint of the veneer and precludes disengagement by vertical displacement. 
     Another application for high-span anchoring systems is in the evolving technology of self-cooling buildings. Here, the cavity wall serves additionally as a plenum for delivering air from one area to another. While this technology has not seen wide application in the United States, the ability to size cavities to match air moving requirements for naturally ventilated buildings enable the architectural engineer to now consider cavity walls when designing structures in this environmentally favorable form. 
     In the past, the use of wire formatives have been limited by the mortar layer thicknesses which, in turn are dictated either by the new building specifications or by pre-existing conditions, e.g. matching during renovations or additions the existing mortar layer thickness. While arguments have been made for increasing the number of the fine-wire anchors per unit area of the facing layer, architects and architectural engineers have favored wire formative anchors of sturdier wire. On the other hand, contractors find that heavy wire anchors, with diameters approaching the mortar layer height specification, frequently result in misalignment. This led to the low-profile wall anchors of the inventors hereof as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,279,283. However, the above-described technology did not address the adaption thereof to surface mounted devices. 
     In the course of prosecution of U.S. Pat. No. 4,598,518 (Hohmann &#39;518) several patents, indicated by an asterisk on the tabulation below, became known to the inventors hereof and are acknowledged hereby. Thereafter and in preparing for this disclosure, the additional patents which became known to the inventors are discussed further as to the significance thereof: 
                                                                                 Patent   Inventor   O. Cl.   Issue Date                           2,058,148*   Hard   52/714   October 1936           2,966,705*   Massey   52/714   January 1961           3,377,764   Storch       Apr. 16, 1968           4,021,990*   Schwalberg   52/714   May 10, 1977           4,305,239*   Geraghty   52/713   December 1981           4,373,314   Allan       Feb. 15, 1983           4,438,611*   Bryant   52/410   March 1984           4,473,984   Lopez       Oct. 2, 1984           4,598,518   Hohmann       Jul. 8, 1986           4,869,038   Catani       Sep. 26, 1989           4,875,319   Hohmann       Oct. 24, 1989           5,063,722   Hohmann       Nov. 12, 1991           5,392,581   Hatzinikolas et al.       Feb. 28, 1995           5,408,798   Hohmann       Apr. 25, 1995           5,456,052   Anderson et al.       Oct. 10, 1995           5,816,008   Hohmann       Oct. 15, 1998           6,209,281   Rice       Apr. 3, 2001           6,279,283   Hohmann et al.       Aug. 28, 2001            Foreign Patent Documents                279209*   CH   52/714   March 1952           2069024*   GB   52/714   August 1981                        
Note: Original classification provided for asterisked items only.
 
     It is noted that with some exceptions these devices are generally descriptive of wire-to-wire anchors and wall ties and have various cooperative functional relationships with straight wire runs embedded in the inner and/or outer wythe. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,377,764—D. Storch—Issued Apr. 16, 1968 
     Discloses a bent wire, tie-type anchor for embedment in a facing exterior wythe engaging with a loop attached to a straight wire run in a backup interior wythe. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,021,990—B. J. Schwalberg—Issued May 10, 1977 
     Discloses a dry wall construction system for anchoring a facing veneer to wallboard/metal stud construction with a pronged sheet-metal anchor. Like Storch &#39;764, the wall tie is embedded in the exterior wythe and is not attached to a straight wire run. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,373,314—J. A. Allan—Issued Feb. 15, 1983 
     Discloses a vertical angle iron with one leg adapted for attachment to a stud; and the other having elongated slots to accommodate wall ties. Insulation is applied between projecting vertical legs of adjacent angle irons with slots being spaced away from the stud to avoid the insulation. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,473,984—Lopez—Issued Oct. 2, 1984 
     Discloses a curtain-wall masonry anchor system wherein a wall tie is attached to the inner wythe by a self-tapping screw to a metal stud and to the outer wythe by embedment in a corresponding bed joint. The stud is applied through a hole cut into the insulation. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,869,038—M. J. Catani—Issued 091/26/89 
     Discloses a veneer wall anchor system having in the interior wythe a truss-type anchor, similar to Hala et al. &#39;226, supra, but with horizontal sheetmetal extensions. The extensions are interlocked with bent wire pintle-type wall ties that are embedded within the exterior wythe. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,879,319—R. Hohmann—Issued Oct. 24, 1989 
     Discloses a seismic construction system for anchoring a facing veneer to wallboard/metal stud construction with a pronged sheet-metal anchor. Wall tie is distinguished over that of Schwalberg &#39;990 and is clipped onto a straight wire run. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,392,581—Hatzinikolas et al.—Issued Feb. 28, 1995 
     Discloses a cavity-wall anchor having a conventional tie wire for mounting in the brick veneer and an L-shaped sheetmetal bracket for mounting vertically between side-by-side blocks and horizontally on atop a course of blocks. The bracket has a slit which is vertically disposed and protrudes into the cavity. The slit provides for a vertically adjustable anchor. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,408,798—Hohmann—Issued Apr. 25, 1995 
     Discloses a seismic construction system for a cavity wall having a masonry anchor, a wall tie, and a facing anchor. Sealed eye wires extend into the cavity and wire wall ties are threaded therethrough with the open ends thereof embedded with a Hohmann &#39;319 (see supra) clip in the mortar layer of the brick veneer. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,456,052—Anderson et al.—Issued Oct. 10, 1995 
     Discloses a two-part masonry brick tie, the first part being designed to be installed in the inner wythe and then, later when the brick veneer is erected to be interconnected by the second part. Both parts are constructed from sheetmetal and are arranged on substantially the same horizontal plane. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,816,008—Hohmann—Issued Oct. 15, 1998 
     Discloses a brick veneer anchor primarily for use with a cavity wall with a drywall inner wythe. The device combines an L-shaped plate for mounting on the metal stud of the drywall and extending into the cavity with a T-head bent stay. After interengagement with the L-shaped plate the free end of the bent stay is embedded in the corresponding bed joint of the veneer. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,209,281—Rice—Issued Apr. 3, 2001 
     Discloses a masonry anchor having a conventional tie wire for mounting in the brick veneer and sheetmetal bracket for mounting on the metal-stud-supported drywall. The bracket has a slit which is vertically disposed when the bracket is mounted on the metal stud and, in application, protrudes through the drywall into the cavity. The slit provides for a vertically adjustable anchor. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,279,283—Hohmann et al.—Issued Aug. 28, 2001 
     Discloses a low-profile wall tie primarily for use in renovation construction where in order to match existing mortar height in the facing wythe a compressed wall tie is embedded in the bed joint of the brick veneer. 
     None of the above provide the high-strength, surface-mounted wall anchor or anchoring systems utilizing these devices of this invention. As will become clear in reviewing the disclosure which follows, the cavity wall structures benefit from the recent developments described herein that lead to solving the problems of insulation integrity, of interference from excess mortar, and of high-span applications. In the related Application, wire formatives are compressively reduced in height at the junctures between the wall reinforcements and the wall anchors and various techniques of forming junctures between embedded wire formatives are introduced. 
     SUMMARY 
     In general terms, the invention disclosed hereby is a surface mounted wall anchor and an anchoring system employing the same. The wall anchor is a folded sheetmetal device which is described herein as functioning with various wire formative veneer ties. The folded construction of the wall tie enables the junctures of the legs and the base of the wall anchor to be located inboard from the periphery of the wall anchor. During formation of the wall anchor, the outer surface of the enfolded leg and the underside of the base are caused to be coplanar. Upon installation, the coplanar elements act to seal the insertion point where the legs enter into the exterior layer of building materials on the inner wythe. This sealing effect precludes the penetration of air, moisture, and water vapor into the inner wythe structure. 
     In the first embodiment, the folded wall anchor is adapted from the earlier inventions of Schwalberg, U.S. Pat. No. 4,021,990 and of Hohmann, U.S. Pat. No. 4,875,319, see supra. Here it is seen that the double folded wall anchor (with legs moved inboard) together with a swaged veneer tie and wire reinforcement in the outer wythe creates a seismic construct of superior strength. This construct is applied to a dry wall inner wythe having thick insulation over wallboard, a larger-than-normal cavity, and a facing of jumbo brick. 
     In the second and third embodiments, the folded wall anchors are of the winged variety. The wings in the second embodiment are perforated and permit selectively adjustable positioning of the veneer tie. Here it is seen that a double folded wall anchor together with a standard box veneer tie is applied to a dry wall inner wythe having interior insulation and, thus, the wall anchor legs have only to penetrate the wallboard layer. In the third embodiment, the wings are slotted with a centrally disposed reinforcement bar. The folded wall anchor is paired with a canted, low-profile veneer anchor. The folded wall anchor is surface-mounted to a masonry block inner wythe having insulation on the exterior surface and a brick facing. The use of this innovative surface-mounted wall anchor in various applications addresses the problems of insulation integrity, thermal conductivity, and pin-point loading encountered in the previously discussed inventions. 
     OBJECTS AND FEATURES OF THE INVENTION 
     Accordingly, it is the primary object of the present invention to provide a new and novel anchoring systems for cavity walls, which systems are surface mountable to the backup wythe thereof. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide a new and novel wall anchor mounted on the exterior surface of the wall board or the insulation layer and secured to the metal stud or standard framing member of a dry wall construction. 
     It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an anchoring system which is detailed to prevent disengagement under seismic or other severe environmental conditions. 
     It is still yet another object of the present invention to provide an anchoring system which is constructed to maintain insulation integrity by preventing air and water penetration. 
     It is a feature of the present invention that the folded wall anchor thereof has a coplanar baseplate for sealing against the leg insertion points. 
     It is another feature of the present invention that the legs of the folded wall anchor hereof have only point contact with the metal studs with substantially no resultant thermal conductivity. 
     It is yet another feature of the present invention that the bearing area between the wall anchor and the veneer tie spreads the forces thereacross and avoids pin-point loading. 
     Other objects and features of the invention will become apparent upon review of the drawing and the detailed description which follows. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
       In the following drawing, the same parts in the various views are afforded the same reference designators. 
         FIG. 1  shows a first embodiment of this invention and is a perspective view of a surface-mounted anchoring system as applied to a cavity wall having a larger-than-normal cavity with an inner wythe of dry wall construction having thick insulation in the cavity and an outer wythe of brick; 
         FIG. 2  is a rear perspective view showing the folded wall anchor of the surface-mounted anchoring system of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a perspective view of the surface-mounted anchoring system of  FIG. 1  shown with a folded wall anchor, a swaged veneer tie threaded therethrough, and a reinforcing wire for seismic protection; 
         FIG. 4  is a cross sectional view of  FIG. 1  which shows the relationship of the surface-mounted anchoring system of this invention to the dry wall construction and to the brick outer wythe; 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective view of a second embodiment of this invention showing a surface-mounted anchoring system for a cavity wall and is similar to  FIG. 1 , but shows a dry wall construction with interior insulation and a wall anchor with perforated wings with a box veneer tie for insertion into the bed joints of the brick veneer facing wall; 
         FIG. 6  is a rear perspective view showing the folded wall anchor with perforated wings of  FIG. 5 ; 
         FIG. 7  is a partial perspective view of  FIG. 5  showing the relationship of the folded wall anchor with perforated wings and the corresponding veneer tie; 
         FIG. 8  is a perspective view of a third embodiment of this invention showing a surface-mounted anchoring system for a cavity wall and is similar to  FIG. 1 , but shows a masonry block backup wall with a folded wall anchor with slotted wings and a low-profile, canted veneer tie. 
         FIG. 9  is a rear perspective view showing the wall anchor with slotted wings of  FIG. 8 ; and, 
         FIG. 10  is a partial perspective view of  FIG. 8  showing the relationship of the wall anchor and the corresponding veneer tie. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Before entering into the detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments, several terms which will be revisited later are defined. These terms are relevant to discussions of innovations introduced by the improvements of this disclosure that overcome the deficits of the prior art devices. 
     In the embodiments described hereinbelow, the inner wythe is provided with insulation. In the dry wall construction, this takes the form, in one embodiment, of exterior insulation disposed on the outer surface of the inner wythe and, in another embodiment, of interior insulation disposed between the metal columns of the inner wythe. In the masonry block backup wall construction, insulation is applied to the outer surface of the masonry block. Recently, building codes have required that after the anchoring system is installed and, prior to the inner wythe being closed up, that an inspection be made for insulation integrity to ensure that the insulation prevents infiltration of air and moisture. Here the term insulation integrity is used in the same sense as the building code in that, after the installation of the anchoring system, there is no change or interference with the insulative properties and concomitantly substantially no change in the air and moisture infiltration characteristics. 
     In a related sense, prior art sheetmetal anchors have formed a conductive bridge between the wall cavity and the interior of the building. Here the terms thermal conductivity and thermal conductivity analysis are used to examine this phenomenon and the metal-to-metal contacts across the inner wythe. 
     Anchoring systems for cavity walls are used to secure veneer facings to a building and overcome seismic and other forces, i.e. wind shear, etc. In the past, some systems have experienced failure because the forces have been concentrated at substantially a single point. Here, the term pin-point loading refers to an anchoring system wherein forces are concentrated at a single point. 
     In addition to that which occurs at the facing wythe, attention is further drawn to the construction at the exterior surface of the inner or backup wythe. Here there are two concerns namely, maximizing the strength of the securement of the surface-mounted wall anchor to the backup wall and, as previously discussed minimizing the interference of the anchoring system with the insulation. The first concern is addressed using appropriate fasteners such as, for mounting to masonry block, the properly sized concrete threaded anchors with expansion sleeves or concrete expansion bolts and, for mounting to metal, dry-wall studs, self-tapping screws. The latter concern is addressed by the flatness of the base of the surface-mounted, folded anchors covering the openings formed by the legs (the profile is seen in the cross-sectional drawing FIG.  3 ). 
     In the detailed description, the veneer reinforcements and the veneer anchors are wire formatives the wire used in the fabrication of veneer joint reinforcement conforms to the requirements of ASTM Standard Specification A-951-00, Table 1. For the purpose fo this application tensile strength tests and yield tests of veneer joint reinforcements are, where applicable, those denominated in ASTM A-951-00 Standard Specification for Masonry Joint Reinforcement. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 1 through 4 , the first embodiment shows a surface-mounted anchoring system suitable for seismic zone applications. This anchoring system, discussed in detail hereinbelow, has a folded wall anchor, an interengaging veneer tie, and a veneer (outer wythe) reinforcement and is surface mounted on a an externally insulated dry wall. For the first embodiment, a cavity wall having an insulative layer of 2.5 inches (approx and a total span of 3.5 inches (approx is chosen as exemplary. As the veneer being anchored is a jumbo brick veneer, the anchoring system includes extra vertical adjustment. 
     The surface-mounted anchoring system for cavity walls is referred to generally by the numeral  10 . A cavity wall structure  12  is shown having an inner wythe or dry wall backup  14  with sheetrock or wallboard  16  mounted on metal studs or columns  17  and an outer wythe or facing wall  18  of brick  20  construction. Between the inner wythe  14  and the outer wythe  18 , a cavity  22  is formed. The cavity  22 , which has a 3.5-inch span, has attached to the exterior surface  24  of the inner wythe  14  insulation in the form of insulating panels  26 . The insulation  26  is disposed on wallboard  16 . Seams  28  between adjacent panels of insulation  26  are substantially vertical and each aligns with the center of a column  17 . 
     Successive bed joints  30  and  32  are substantially planar and horizontally disposed and in accord with building standards are 0.375-inch (approx in height. Selective ones of bed joints  30  and  32 , which are formed between courses of bricks  20 , are constructed to receive therewithin the insertion portion of the anchoring system hereof. Being surface mounted onto the inner wythe, the anchoring system  10  is constructed cooperatively therewith, and as described in greater detail below, is configured to minimize air and moisture penetration around the wall anchor/inner wythe juncture. 
     For purposes of discussion, the cavity surface  24  of the inner wythe  14  contains a horizontal line or x-axis  34  and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis  36 . A horizontal line or z-axis  38 , normal to the xy-plane, passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. A folded wall anchor  40  is shown which has a Pair of legs  42  which penetrate the wallboard  16  and insulation  26 . Folded wall anchor  40  is a stamped metal construct which is constructed for surface mounting on inner wythe  14  and for interconnection with veneer tie  44 . 
     The veneer tie  44  is adapted from one shown and described in Hohmann, U.S. Pat. No. 4,875,319, which patent is incorporated herein by reference. The veneer tie  44  is shown in  FIG. 1  as being emplaced on a course of bricks  20  in preparation for embedment in the mortar of bed joint  30 . In this embodiment, the system includes a veneer or outer wythe reinforcement  46 , a wall anchor  40  and a veneer tie  44 . The veneer reinforcement  46  is constructed of a wire formative conforming to the joint reinforcement requirements of ASTM Standard Specification A-951-00, Table 1, see supra. 
     At intervals along a horizontal line surface  24 , folded wall anchors  40  are surface-mounted using mounting hardware  48 . The folded wall anchors  40  are positioned on surface  24  so that the longitudinal axis of a column  17  lies within the yz-plane formed by the longitudinal axes  50  and  52  of upper leg  54  and lower leg  56 , respectively. The legs  54  and  56  are folded, as best shown in  FIG. 2 , so that the base surface  58  of the leg portions and the base surface  60  of the bail portion  62  are substantially coplanar and, when installed, lie in an xy-plane. Upon insertion in insulation  26 , the base surfaces  58  and  60  rest snugly against the opening formed thereby and serves to cover the opening precluding the passage of air and moisture therethrough. This construct maintains the insulation integrity. Optionally, a layer of Textroseal® sealant  63 , a thick multiply polyethylene/polymer-modified asphalt distributed by Hohmann &amp; Barnard, Inc., Hauppauge, N.Y. 11788 may be applied under the base surfaces  58  and  60  for additional protection. 
     The dimensional relationship between wall anchor  40  and veneer tie  44  limits the axial movement of the construct. Each veneer tie  44  has a rear leg  64  opposite the bed-joint-deposited portion thereof which is formed continuous therewith. The slot or bail aperture  66  of bail  62  is constructed, in accordance with the building code requirements, to be within the predetermined dimensions to limit the z-axis  38  movement. The slot  66  is slightly larger horizontally than the diameter of the tie. The bail-receiving slot  66  is elongated vertically to accept a veneer tie threadedly therethrough and permit y-axis adjustment. The dimensional relationship of the rear leg  64  to the width of bail  62  limits the x-axis movement of the construct. For positive interengagement and to prevent disengagement under seismic conditions, the front legs  68  and  70  of veneer tie  44  and the reinforcement wire  46  are sealed in bed joint  30  forming a closed loop. 
     The folded wall anchor  40  is seen in more detail in  FIGS. 2 through 4 . The legs  54  and  56  are folded 180° about end seams  72  and  74 , respectively, and then 90° at the inboard seams  76  and  78 , respectively, so as to extend parallel the one to the other. The legs  54  and  56  are dimensioned so that, upon installation, they extend through insulation panels  26  and wallboard  16  and the endpoints  80  thereof abut the metal studs  17 . Although only two-leg structures are shown, it is within the contemplation of this invention that more folded legs could be constructed with each leg terminating at an inboard seam and having the insertion point  82  of the insulation  26  covered by the wall anchor body. Because the legs  54  and  56  abut the studs  17  only at endpoints  80 , the thermal conductivity across the construct is minimal as the cross sectional metal-to-metal contact area is minimized. (There is virtually no heat transfer across the mounting hardware  48  because of the nonconductive washers thereof.) 
     The description which follows is a second embodiment of the surface-mounted anchoring system for cavity walls of this invention. For ease of comprehension, wherever possible similar parts use reference designators  100  units higher than those above. Thus, the veneer tie  144  of the second embodiment is analogous to the veneer tie  44  of the first embodiment. Referring now to  FIGS. 5 through 7 , the second embodiment of the surface-mounted anchoring system is shown and is referred to generally by the numeral  110 . As in the first embodiment, a wall structure  112  is shown. The second embodiment has an inner wythe or backup wall  114  of a dry wall or a wallboard construct  116  on columns or studs  117  and an outer wythe or veneer  118  of facing stone  120 . The inner wythe  114  and the outer wythe  118  have a cavity  122  therebetween. Here, the anchoring system has a surface-mounted wall anchor with perforated wing portions or receptors for receiving the veneer tie portion of the anchoring system. 
     The anchoring system  110  is surface mounted to the exterior surface  124  of the inner wythe  114 . In this embodiment batts of insulation  126  are disposed between adjacent columns  117 . Successive bed joints  130  and  132  are substantially planar and horizontally disposed and in accord with building standards are 0.375-inch (approx.) in height. Selective ones of bed joints  130  and  132 , which are formed between courses of bricks  120 , are constructed to receive therewithin the insertion portion of the anchoring system construct hereof. Being surface mounted onto the inner wythe, the anchoring system  110  is constructed cooperatively therewith, and as described in greater detail below, is configured to penetrate through the wallboard at a covered insertion point. 
     For purposes of discussion, the cavity surface  124  of the inner wythe  114  contains a horizontal line or x-axis  134  and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis  136 . A horizontal line or z-axis  138 , normal to the xy-plane, passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. A folded wall anchor  140  is shown which has a pair of legs  142  which penetrate the wallboard  116 . Folded wall anchor  140  is a stamped metal construct which is constructed for surface mounting on inner wythe  114  and for interconnection with veneer tie  144 . 
     The veneer tie  144  is a box Byna-Tie® device manufactured by Hohmann &amp; Barnard, Inc., Hauppauge, N.Y. 11788. The veneer tie  144  is shown in  FIG. 5  as being emplaced on a course of bricks  120  in preparation for embedment in the mortar of bed joint  130 . In this embodiment, the system includes a folded wall anchor  140  and a veneer tie  144 . 
     At intervals along a horizontal line on surface  124 , folded wall anchors  140  are surface-mounted using mounting hardware  148  with neoprene sealing washers. The folded wall anchors  140  are positioned on surface  124  so that the longitudinal axis of a column  117  lies within the yz-plane formed by the longitudinal axes  150  and  152  of upper leg  154  and lower leg  156 , respectively. The legs  154  and  156  are folded, as best shown in  FIG. 6 , so that the base surface  158  of the leg portions and the intermediate base surface  160  are substantially coplanar and, when installed, lie in an xy-plane. Upon insertion in the wallboard  116 , the base surfaces  158  and  160  rest snugly against the opening formed thereby and serves to cover the opening precluding the passage of air and moisture therethrough, thereby maintaining the insulation integrity. It is within the contemplation of this invention that a coating of sealant or a layer of a polymeric compound—such as a closed-cell foam—be placed on base surfaces  158  and  160  for additional sealing. 
     In the second embodiment, perforated wing portions  162  therealong are bent upwardly (when viewing legs  142  as being bent downwardly) from intermediate base  160  for receiving veneer tie  144  therethrough. The dimensional relationship between wall anchor  140  and veneer tie  144  limits the axial movement of the construct. Each veneer tie  144  has a rear leg  164  opposite the bed-joint deposited portion thereof, which rear leg  164  is formed continuous therewith. The perforations  166  provide for selective adjustability and, unlike the other embodiments hereof, restrict the y-axis  136  movement of the anchored veneer. The opening of the perforation  166  of wing portions  162  is constructed to be within the predetermined dimensions to limit the z-axis  138  movement in accordance with the building code requirements. The perforation  166  is slightly larger horizontally than the diameter of the tie  144 . If y-axis  136  adjustability is desired, the perforations  166  may be elongated vertically. The dimensional relationship of the rear leg  164  to the width of spacing between wing portions  162  limits the x-axis movement of the construct. For positive interengagement, the front legs  168  and  170  of veneer tie  144  are sealed in bed joint  130  forming a closed loop. 
     The folded wall anchor  140  is seen in more detail in  FIGS. 6 and 7 . The upper legs  154  and lower leg  156  are folded 180° about end seams  172  and  174 , respectively, and then 90° at the inboard seams  176  and  178 , respectively, so as to extend parallel the one to the other. The legs  154  and  156  are dimensioned so that, upon installation, they extend through wallboard  116  and the endpoints  180  thereof abut the metal studs  117 . Although only two leg structures are shown, it is within the contemplation of this invention that more folded legs could be constructed with each leg terminating at an inboard seam and having the insertion point  182  of the wallboard  116  covered by the wall anchor body. Because the legs  154  and  156  abut the studs  117  only at endpoints  180 , the thermal conductivity across the construct is minimal as the cross sectional metal-to-metal contact area is minimized. (There is virtually no heat transfer across the mounting hardware  148  because of the nonconductive washers thereof. 
     The description which follows is a third embodiment of the surface-mounted anchoring system for cavity walls of this invention. For ease of comprehension, wherever possible similar parts use reference designators  100  units higher than those above. Thus, the veneer tie  244  of the third embodiment is analogous to the veneer tie  144  of the second embodiment. Referring now to  FIGS. 8 through 10 , the third embodiment of the surface-mounted anchoring system is shown and is referred to generally by the numeral  210 . As in the previous embodiments, a wall structure  212  is shown. Here, the third embodiment has an inner wythe or backup wall  214  of masonry block  216  and an outer wythe or veneer  218  of facing brick  220 . The inner wythe  214  and the outer wythe  218  have a cavity  222  therebetween. The anchoring system has a surface-mounted wall anchor with slotted wing portions or receptors for receiving the veneer tie portion of the anchoring system and a low-profile box tie. 
     The anchoring system  210  is surface mounted to the exterior surface  224  of the inner wythe  214 . In this embodiment panels of insulation  226  are disposed on the masonry block  216 . Successive bed joints  230  and  232  are substantially planar and horizontally disposed and in accord with building standards are 0.375-inch (approx.) in height. Selective ones of bed joints  230  and  232 , which are formed between courses of bricks  220 , are constructed to receive therewithin the insertion portion of the anchoring system construct hereof. Being surface mounted onto the inner wythe, the anchoring system  210  is constructed cooperatively therewith, and as described in greater detail below, is configured to penetrate through the insulation at a covered insertion point. 
     For purposes of discussion, the cavity surface  224  of the inner wythe  214  contains a horizontal line or x-axis  234  and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis  236 . A horizontal line or z-axis  238 , normal to the xy-plane, passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. A folded wall anchor  240  is shown which has a pair of legs  242  which penetrate the insulation  226 . Folded wall anchor  240  is a stamped metal construct which is constructed for surface mounting on inner wythe  214  and for interconnection with veneer tie  244 . 
     The veneer tie  244  is adapted from the low-profile box Byna-Tie® device manufactured by Hohmann &amp; Barnard, Inc., Hauppauge, N.Y. 11788 under U.S. Pat. No. 6,279,283. The veneer tie  244  is shown in  FIG. 8  as being emplaced on a course of bricks  220  in preparation for embedment in the mortar of bed joint  230 . In this embodiment, the system includes a folded wall anchor  240  and a canted veneer tie  244 . 
     At intervals along a horizontal line surface  224 , folded wall anchors  240  are surface-mounted using masonry mounting hardware  248 . The folded wall anchors  240  are positioned on surface  224  at the intervals required by the applicable building codes. The upper legs  254  and lower leg  256  are folded, as best shown in  FIG. 9 , so that the base surface  258  of the leg portions and the intermediate base surface  260  are substantially coplanar and, when installed, lie in an xy-plane. Upon insertion in insulation  226 , the base surfaces  258  and  260  rest snugly against the opening formed thereby and serves to cover the opening precluding the passage of air and moisture therethrough, thereby maintaining the insulation integrity. It is within the contemplation of this invention that a coating of sealant or a layer of a polymeric compound—such as a closed-cell foam—be placed on base surfaces  258  and  260  for additional sealing. 
     In the third embodiment, slotted wing portions  262  therealong are bent upwardly (when viewing legs  242  as being bent downwardly) from intermediate base  260  for receiving veneer tie  244  therethrough. The dimensional relationship between wall anchor  240  and veneer tie  244  limits the axial movement of the construct. Each veneer tie  244  has a rear leg  264  opposite the bed-joint deposited portion thereof, which rear leg  264  is formed continuous therewith. The slots  266  provide for adjustability and, unlike the second embodiment hereof, do not restrict the y-axis  236  movement of the anchored veneer. The opening of the slot  266  of wing portions  262  is constructed to be within the predetermined dimensions to limit the z-axis  238  movement in accordance with the building code requirements. The slots  266  are slightly larger horizontally than the diameter of the tie  244 . The dimensional relationship of the rear leg  264  to the width of spacing between wing portions  262  limits the x-axis movement of the construct. For positive interengagement, the front legs  268  and  270  of veneer tie  244  are sealed in bed joint  230  forming a closed loop. 
     The folded wall anchor  240  is seen in more detail in  FIGS. 9 and 10 . The upper legs  254  and lower leg  256  are folded 180° about end seams  272  and  274 , respectively, and then 90° at the inboard seams  276  and  278  respectively, so as to extend parallel the one to the other. The legs  254  and  256  are dimensioned-so that, upon installation, they extend through insulation panels  226  and the endpoints  280  thereof abut the exterior surface  124  of masonry block  216 . Because the insertion point  282  into insulation  226  of the legs  254  and  256  is sealingly covered by the structure, the water and water vapor penetration into the backup wall is minimal. (There is virtually no heat transfer across the mounting hardware  248  because of the nonconductive washers thereof.) 
     In the veneer tie shown in  FIGS. 8 and 10 , a bend is made at a point of inflection  284 . This configuring of the veneer tie  244 , compensates for the additional strengthening of wall anchor  240  at crossbar  286 . Thus, if the bed joint  230  is exactly coplanar with the strengthening crossbar  286  the bent veneer tie  244  facilitates the alignment thereof. 
     In the above description of the folded wall anchors of this invention various configurations are described and applications thereof in corresponding anchoring systems are provided. Because many varying and different embodiments may be made within the scope of the inventive concept herein taught, and because many modifications may be made in the embodiments herein detailed in accordance with the descriptive requirement of the law, it is to be understood that the details herein are to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.