Abstract:
This invention provides a circuit structure with a double-gate organic thin film transistor device and application thereof. A protection layer covered on an organic thin film transistor structure having a bottom gate is used as another gate insulating layer. A metal layer is formed on this gate insulating layer to serve as another gate. A double-gate structure is hence accomplished. The double-gate structure can be used in a circuit. By the double-gate structure the threshold voltage of the organic thin film transistor can be adjusted, and advantageously changing the characteristic of the organic thin film transistor to improve the accuracy of signal transmission.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a circuit structure with organic thin film transistors; and more particularly to a circuit structure with a double-gate organic thin film transistor device. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Because there is no any doping process involved in the manufacture of the current organic thin film transistor, the threshold voltage of the transistor device can not be controlled. The threshold voltage of the transistor device always relies on surface conditions of the device, the purity of the organic semiconductor material, and the material characteristics of the gate and gate insulating layers. The threshold voltage V th  is always too large up to ten volts or more, which makes not only power consumption but also loss of a certain voltage, and causing distortion of signal transmission in an application of electronic circuit.  FIG. 1A  and  FIG. 1B  are schematic circuit structures of two kinds of conventional inverters. The conventional inverter of  FIG. 1A  includes a first enhanced-type N channel transistor  10  and a second enhanced-type N channel transistor  12 . The second enhanced-type N channel transistor  12  is an organic thin film transistor. Because the inverter has the second enhanced-type N channel transistor  12 , there is a voltage difference of V th  between the output  14  of the inverter and the drain  16  of the second enhanced-type transistor  12 , and resulting in the shift of an output signal value of the output  14 . The transmitted signal is distorted. Due to the large threshold voltage of the organic thin film transistor, the signal distortion is more severe. For reducing the threshold voltage and improving accuracy of signal transmission, the inverter design of  FIG. 1B  is mostly adopted. This kind of the inverter includes an enhanced-type N channel transistor  10   a  and a depletion-type N channel transistor  12   a.  The depletion-type N channel transistor  12   a  is an organic thin film transistor. By surface treatment of the interface between the metal gate and N channel area, the depletion-type N channel transistor  12   a  is realized. During the current LCD display panel manufacturing process, the thin film transistor devices of the driving circuit area and the thin film transistor devices of the pixel area are simultaneously produced. When adopting the inverter design of  FIG. 1B  in the driving circuit of the LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) display panel and proceeding the surface treatment of the interfaces between the metal gates and N channel areas of the organic thin film transistors of the driving circuit area to make the organic thin film transistors become depletion type, the thin film transistors of the pixel area would also become depletion type. As a consequence, the switch elements of the pixel area will make mal-operation. 
     Accordingly, it is desirable to provide an improved circuit structure with the organic thin film transistor to alleviate the distortion of the signal transmission of the electronic circuit due to the too high threshold voltage of the organic thin film transistor. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     One objective of the present invention is to provide a circuit structure with a double-gate organic thin film transistor device, in which the characteristic of the double-gate organic thin film transistor is advantageously changed by the double-gate structure, and hence improving accuracy of signal transmission. 
     Another objective of the present invention is to provide a circuit structure with a double-gate organic thin film transistor device, in which the threshold voltage of the double-gate organic thin film transistor is modifiable by the double-gate structure, and an output characteristic of an operational unit with this circuit structure can be adjusted to satisfy demand of electronic circuit. 
     For achieving the above objectives, the present invention provides a double-gate organic thin film transistor device, comprising a substrate, a first gate, a first gate insulating layer, a pair of source and drain, an organic semiconductor active layer, a second gate insulating layer and a second gate. The first gate is formed on the substrate, and the first gate insulating layer is formed on the first gate. The pair of source and drain is formed on the first gate insulating layer. The organic semiconductor active layer is formed on the pair of source and drain, and defining an organic semiconductor channel area therebetween. The second gate insulating layer is formed on the organic semiconductor active layer, and the second gate is formed on the second gate insulating layer. The second gate and first gate share the pair of source and drain as well as the organic semiconductor channel area. 
     In the double-gate structure formed of the first gate and second gate, a threshold voltage of the double-gate organic thin film transistor is a sum of respective voltages of the first gate and second gate. As such, by adjusting one of the two gate voltages the threshold voltage of another gate can be reduced. 
     Moreover, the present invention can change the characteristic of the organic thin film transistor to become an enhanced-type transistor or a depletion-type transistor by adjusting the threshold voltage of the second gate. 
     In one another aspect, the present invention provides a circuit structure with a double-gate organic thin film transistor, comprising a thin film transistor device and a double-gate thin film transistor device. The thin film transistor device has a gate terminal, a first source terminal, a first drain terminal and a first N channel area. The gate terminal is coupled to an input and the first drain terminal is coupled to an output. The double-gate thin film transistor device has a first gate terminal, a second source terminal, a second drain terminal, a second N channel area and a second gate terminal. The first gate terminal and the second gate terminal share the second source terminal, the second drain terminal and the second N channel area. The first gate terminal is coupled to the second drain terminal, the second gate terminal is coupled to a variable bias voltage, and the second source terminal is coupled to the output. 
     The double-gate thin film transistor device can become a depletion-type N channel transistor by adjusting the bias voltage of the second gate terminal so as to improve the accuracy of signal transmission of the circuit structure. As such, the circuit structure can be designed to become an inverter with an enhanced-type N channel transistor and a depletion-type N channel transistor. 
     Besides, the present invention provides another kind of inverter, including a thin film transistor having a gate terminal, a first source terminal, a first drain terminal and a first P channel area, in which the gate terminal is coupled to an input terminal and the first source terminal is coupled to an output; and a double-gate thin film transistor having a first gate terminal, a second source terminal, a second drain terminal, a second P channel area and a second gate terminal. The first gate terminal and the second gate terminal share the second source terminal, the second drain terminal and the second P channel area. The first gate terminal is coupled to the second source terminal. The second gate terminal is coupled to a variable bias voltage. The second drain terminal is coupled to the output. By adjusting the bias voltage of the second gate terminal, the double-gate thin film transistor can become a depletion-type P channel transistor. As such, the inverter has an enhanced-type P channel transistor and a depletion-type P channel double gate transistor. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1A  is a schematic circuit structure of a conventional inverter; 
         FIG. 1B  is a schematic circuit structure of another conventional inverter; 
         FIG. 2A  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a double-gate thin film transistor according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2B  is a schematic circuit structure of an inverter with the double-gate thin film transistor of  FIG. 2A ; 
         FIG. 2C  is a schematic circuit structure of another inverter with the double-gate thin film transistor of  FIG. 2A ; 
         FIG. 2D  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a variance of  FIG. 2A ; and 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic circuit block diagram of a display panel of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The present invention forms a protection layer on an organic thin film transistor with a bottom gate so as to use the protection layer as another gate insulating layer. And a metal layer is formed on the protection layer to serve as another gate to accomplish a double-gate organic thin film transistor structure. In the double-gate organic thin film transistor structure, the double gates share a pair of source and drain as well as an organic semiconductor channel area. A threshold voltage of the organic thin film transistor is a sum of the threshold voltages of the first gate and second gate. As such, by the double gate structure the threshold voltage of the organic thin film transistor can be adjustably decreased. Moreover, the organic thin film transistor can become a depletion-type transistor or an enhanced-type transistor by controlling the bias voltage of the second gate. The present invention can adopt the above double gate structure in a particular circuit design, and modulating the threshold voltage of the organic thin film transistor with the double gate structure so as to adjust the output characteristic of an operational unit with this kind of particular circuit design, and hence satisfying the demand. 
     The double-gate organic thin film transistor device and application thereof of the present invention will be described in detail in accordance with following embodiments with reference to accompanying drawings. 
       FIG. 2A  is a schematic cross-sectional view of the double-gate organic thin film transistor device according to one embodiment of the present invention. The double gate organic thin film transistor device includes a substrate  20 , a first gate  21 , a first gate insulating layer  22 , a pair of source and drain  23 , an organic semiconductor active layer  24 , a second gate insulating layer  25  and a second gate  26 . The first gate  21  is a first metal gate formed on the substrate  20  and the first gate insulating layer  22  can be a silicon nitride (SiN x ) layer or any insulating layer such as silicon dioxide, Ta 2 O 5 , Polyimide and PVA, etc. formed on the first gate  21 . The first gate  21  also can be formed of any conducting material, such as ITO, IZO and PEDOT, etc. The pair of source and drain  23  includes a second metal formed on the first gate insulating layer  22 . The pair of source and drain  23  also can be formed of any conducting material, such as ITO, IZO and PEDOT, etc. The organic semiconductor active layer  24  is formed on the pair of source and drain  23 , and defining an organic semiconductor channel area  24   a  therebetween. The second gate insulating layer  25  can be a silicon nitride layer or any insulating layer, such as silicon dioxide, Ta 2 O 5 , Polyimide and PVA, etc., which is formed on the organic semiconductor active layer  24 , and the second gate insulating layer  25  also can be used as a protection layer to protect the first gate  21 , the pair of source and drain  23  as well as the organic semiconductor active layer  24  underlying the second gate insulating layer  25 . The second gate  26  is a third metal layer or any conducting layer, such as ITO, IZO and PEDOT, etc. formed on the second gate insulating layer  25 . The second gate  26  and first gate  21  share the pair of source and drain  23  as well as the organic semiconductor channel area  24   a.    
     In this embodiment, the characteristic of the double-gate organic thin film transistor can be changed to become a depletion-type or enhanced-type N channel transistor by controlling the bias voltage V g  of the second gate  26 . Moreover, the threshold voltage of the double-gate organic thin film transistor is a sum of the respective threshold voltages of the first gate  21  and second gate  26 . By the double gate structure, the threshold voltage of the double-gate organic thin film transistor can be reduced. 
       FIG. 2D  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a variance of  FIG. 2A , in which the double gate organic thin film transistor device includes a substrate  20 , a first gate  21 , a first gate insulating layer  22 , an organic semiconductor active layer  24   d,  a pair of source and drain  23   d,  a second gate insulating layer  25  and a second gate  26 . The first gate  21  is a first metal gate formed on the substrate  20  and the first gate insulating layer  22  can be a silicon nitride (SiN x ) layer or any insulating layer such as silicon dioxide, Ta 2 O 5 , Polyimide and PVA, etc. formed on the first gate  21 . The first gate  21  also can be formed of any conducting material, such as ITO, IZO and PEDOT, etc. The organic semiconductor active layer  24   d  is formed on the first gate insulating layer  22 . The pair of source and drain  23   d  includes a second metal formed on the organic semiconductor active layer  24   d.  The pair of source and drain  23   d  also can be formed of any conducting material, such as ITO, IZO and PEDOT, etc. A portion of the organic semiconductor active layer  24   d  between the pair of source and drain  23   d  is defined as a channel area. The second gate insulating layer  25  can be a silicon nitride layer or any insulating layer, such as silicon dioxide, Ta 2 O 5 , Polyimide and PVA, etc., which is formed on the pair of source and drain  23   d  and the organic semiconductor active layer  24   d,  and the second gate insulating layer  25  also can be used as a protection layer to protect the first gate  21 , the pair of source and drain  23   d  as well as the organic semiconductor active layer  24   d  underlying the second gate insulating layer  25 . The second gate  26  is a third metal layer or any conducting layer, such as ITO, IZO and PEDOT, etc. formed on the second gate insulating layer  25 . The second gate  26  and first gate  21  share the pair of source and drain  23   d  as well as the organic semiconductor channel area  24   d.    
       FIG. 2B  is a schematic circuit structure of an inverter with the double-gate organic thin film transistor of  FIG. 2A . The circuit of the inverter includes an enhanced-type N channel thin film transistor device  200  and a depletion-type N channel double-gate thin film transistor device  400 . The enhanced-type N channel thin film transistor device  200  includes a gate terminal  201 , a first source terminal (V ss )  202 , a first drain terminal  203  and a first N channel area  204 . The gate terminal  201  is coupled to an input  205  and the first drain terminal  203  is coupled to an output  206 . The double-gate thin film transistor device  400  is a double-gate organic thin film transistor, which includes a first gate terminal  401 , a second source  402 , a second drain (V dd )  403 , a second N channel area  404  and a second gate terminal  405 . The first gate terminal  401  and second gate terminal  405  share the second source  402 , the second drain  403  and the second N channel area  404 . The first gate terminal  401  is coupled to the second drain  403 , the second gate terminal  405  is coupled to a variable bias voltage V g , and the second source  402  is coupled to the output  206 . 
     In the circuit of the inverter, the second gate terminal  405  is coupled to a variable bias voltage V g . As such, the double-gate organic thin film transistor device  400  can be modified to become a depletion-type N channel transistor by adjusting the bias voltage V g . When the double-gate organic thin film transistor device  400  is a depletion-type N channel double gate transistor, the inverter shown in  FIG. 2B  includes an enhanced-type N channel transistor and a depletion-type N channel double gate transistor. In the circuit of the inverter, there is no voltage difference V th  between the second drain terminal (V dd )  403  and the output  206 , the output signal of the output  206  is more close to a real signal, and thus the signal distortion can be resolved. Furthermore, the double-gate organic thin film transistor device  400  also has a lower threshold voltage. 
       FIG. 2C  is a schematic circuit structure of another inverter with the double-gate organic thin film transistor of  FIG. 2A . This inverter includes an enhanced-type P channel thin film transistor  200   c  and a depletion-type P channel double-gate thin film transistor  400   c . The enhanced-type P channel thin film transistor  200   c  includes a gate terminal  201   c , a first drain terminal (V dd )  202   c , a first source terminal  203   c  and a first P channel area  204   c . The gate terminal  201   c  is coupled to an input  205   c , and the first source terminal  203   c  is coupled to an output  206   c . The double-gate thin film transistor  400   c  is a double-gate organic thin film transistor, which has a first gate terminal  401   c , a second drain terminal  402   c , a second drain terminal (V ss )  403   c , a second P channel area  404   c  and a second gate terminal  405   c . The first gate terminal  401   c  and the second gate terminal  405   c  share the second drain terminal  402   c , the second source terminal  403   c  and the second P channel area  404   c . The first gate terminal  401   c  is coupled to the second source terminal  403   c . The second gate terminal  405   c  is coupled to a variable bias voltage V g . The second drain terminal  402   c  is coupled to the output  206   c.    
     In this inverter circuit structure, the second gate terminal  405   c  is coupled to a variable bias voltage V g . As such, by adjusting the bias voltage V g , the double-gate organic thin film transistor  400   c  can become a depletion-type P channel transistor. When the double-gate organic thin-film transistor  400   c  becomes a depletion-type P channel double-gate transistor, the inverter of  FIG. 2C  would include an enhanced-type P channel transistor and a depletion-type P channel double gate transistor. In this inverter circuit structure, there is no voltage difference V th  between the second source terminal (V ss )  403   c  and the output  206   c , the output signal of the output  206   c  is more close to a real signal, and thus the signal distortion can be resolved. Furthermore, the double-gate organic thin film transistor device  400   c  also has a lower threshold voltage. 
       FIG. 3  is an application of the inverter circuit of  FIG. 2B .  FIG. 3  is a schematic circuit block diagram of the display panel, which includes a display area  30  and a driving circuit area  32 . The display area  30  includes a plurality of columns of single gate transistors (not shown). Each column of the single gate transistors has a plurality of single gate transistors serving as switch elements of respective pixels. The driving circuit area  32  has a plurality of inverters as shown in  FIG. 2B . An output of each of the inverters is coupled to one column of the single gate transistors to drive the transistor switch elements of the single gate transistor column. Because the driving circuit of the display panel of  FIG. 3  adopts the inverter circuit of  FIG. 2B , the driving signal sent out from the driving circuit is not easily distorted, and the respective pixels can be driven smoothly. Moreover, the double-gate thin film transistor  400  of the inverter can become a depletion-type N channel transistor by controlling the bias voltage V g  of the second gate  405 . From the perspective of manufacturing process, the manufacturing process of the thin film transistor of the driving circuit would not affect the manufacturing process of the single gate thin film transistor of the pixel area, and furthermore affecting the characteristic of the single gate thin film transistors. The manufacturing yield of the display panel thus can be improved. 
     The double-gate organic thin film transistor of the present invention has a simple structure and modifiable characteristics, whose manufacturing process is simple and easily accomplished. Thus, the present invention has commercial potential. 
     While the invention has been described by way of examples and in terms of preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that those who are familiar with the subject art can carry out various modifications and similar arrangements and procedures described in the present invention and also achieve the effectiveness of the present invention. Hence, it is to be understood that the description of the present invention should be accorded with the broadest interpretation to those who are familiar with the subject art, and the invention is not limited thereto.