Abstract:
A wellbore tool centralizer includes a housing that includes a bore to receive a wellbore tubular; an expandable element radially mounted to the housing; and a fluid pathway that extends through the housing to fluidly connect the bore and the expandable element and expose the expandable element to a fluid pressure sufficient to radially expand the expandable element.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This disclosure relates to positioning a tubular member in a wellbore and, more particularly, to positioning a tubular member in a wellbore with a downhole tool centralizer. 
     BACKGROUND 
     During a well construction process, an expandable liner can be installed to provide zonal isolation or to isolate zones that experience fluid circulation issues. Sometimes failures of expandable liners, such as a failure to expand, occurs, which then leaves an annulus unisolated or unplugged. In such cases, the unexpanded (and uncemented) liner may impose a challenge to further wellbore operations. For example, without a pressure seal at a top of a liner, then a drilling operation may not be able to restart, particularly if there is severe loss zone that is not effectively isolated. Consequently, drilling operation may lose a considerable length of existing wellbore and sidetrack operations may be required above the unexpanded liner top in order to continue the process of well construction. Further, remedial actions may require to cut and retrieve liner out of the wellbore. This can lead to the loss of rig days or even weeks. Conventional liner hanger systems, however, may not offer any effective remedial option in terms of post equipment failure solution. 
     SUMMARY 
     In a general implementation, a wellbore tool centralizer includes a housing that includes a bore to receive a wellbore tubular; an expandable element radially mounted to the housing; and a fluid pathway that extends through the housing to fluidly connect the bore and the expandable element and expose the expandable element to a fluid pressure sufficient to radially expand the expandable element. 
     A first aspect combinable with the general implementation further includes a slideable sleeve positionable within the bore of the housing and adjustable in response to a fluid pressure in the wellbore tubular. 
     In a second aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, the slideable sleeve includes a seat arranged to receive a member circulated through the wellbore tubular. 
     In a third aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, the slideable sleeve is adjustable based on the fluid pressure uphole of the member positioned in the seat. 
     In a fourth aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, the housing includes a recess positioned to receive the seat of the sliding sleeve to release the member from the seat. 
     In a fifth aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, the slideable sleeve is adjustable between a first position fluidly sealing a first end of the fluid pathway and a second position fluidly exposing the first end of the fluid pathway. 
     In a sixth aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, the first end of the fluid pathway is adjacent an inner radial surface of the housing, the fluid pathway including a second end adjacent the expandable element. 
     A seventh aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects further includes a bearing surface radially mounted to the expandable element that is configured to engage a wellbore surface. 
     In an eighth aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, the bearing surface includes rollers. 
     In a ninth aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, the expandable element includes one or more expandable disks. 
     In a tenth aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, the fluid pathway extends through the housing in a radial direction from a centerline of the bore. 
     Another general implementation includes a method for positioning a tubular in a wellbore, including positioning a centralizer mounted on a tubular member in a wellbore, the centralizer including a housing that includes a bore to receive the tubular; circulating a wellbore fluid through the wellbore at a particular fluid pressure; adjusting the centralizer to expose, based on the wellbore fluid at the particular fluid pressure, a fluid pathway that extends through the housing to the wellbore fluid; expanding an expandable element that is radially mounted to the housing with the wellbore fluid at the particular fluid pressure. 
     A first aspect combinable with the general implementation further includes radially adjusting a bearing surface of the centralizer with the expanded expandable element; contacting the bearing surface to a wellbore wall; and radially positioning the tubular at or near a centerline of the wellbore. 
     A second aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects further includes performing an operation in the wellbore with the tubular positioned at or near the centerline of the wellbore; subsequent to performing the operation, deflating the expandable element to remove contact between the bearing surface and the wellbore wall; and tripping the centralizer out of the wellbore. 
     In a third aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, adjusting the centralizer includes adjusting a slideable sleeve positioned in the bore of the housing to expose the fluid pathway to the wellbore fluid. 
     In a fourth aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, adjusting the slideable sleeve includes circulating a member through the wellbore to land in a seat of the slideable sleeve; circulating the wellbore fluid through the wellbore at the particular fluid pressure; and moving the slideable sleeve in the bore to fluidly connect the fluid pathway to the bore. 
     A fifth aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects further includes further moving the slideable sleeve in the bore with the wellbore fluid to allow the seat to fall into a recess of the housing; and circulating the member out of the seat and past the slideable sleeve in the bore. 
     In a sixth aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, expanding the expandable element includes expanding one or more expandable disks radially mounted in or to the housing. 
     A seventh aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects further includes circulating the wellbore fluid, at the particular fluid pressure, through the fluid pathway from the bore. 
     In an eighth aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, circulating the wellbore fluid includes circulating the wellbore fluid in a radial direction from the bore to an inlet of the fluid pathway, and through the fluid pathway, to an outlet of the fluid pathway adjacent the expandable element. 
     Implementations of a liner top system according to the present disclosure may include one or more of the following features. For example, the liner top system may provide for a simple and robust tool design as compared to conventional top packer used to provide a seal. Further, the liner top system according to the present disclosure may offer a quick installation of a liner top pack-off element as compared to conventional systems. As another example, the liner top system may eliminate a liner hanger and a top packer for non-reservoir sections of the wellbore, thereby decreasing well equipment cost. Further, the described implementations of the liner top system may more effectively operate, as compared to conventional systems, in deviated or horizontal wells in which a liner weight is typically supported by a wellbore due to gravity. As yet another example, the liner top system may mitigate potential rig non-productive time and save well cost as, for example, a complimentary tool string to either an expandable line system or a regular tight clearance drilling liner system. In addition the liner top system may be utilized to provide a cost effective solution to fix a production packer leak by installing a pack-off element at the top of tie-back or polish bore receptacle. 
     The details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of an example wellbore system that includes a liner top system. 
         FIGS. 2A-2E  are schematic diagrams that show an operation of an example implementation of a liner top system that includes an expandable centralizer and an expandable pack-off element. 
         FIGS. 3A-3B  are schematic diagrams that show another example implementation of a liner top system that includes an expandable centralizer and an expandable pack-off element. 
         FIGS. 4A-4F  are schematic diagrams that show an operation of the example implementation of the liner top system of  FIGS. 3A-3B . 
         FIG. 5  is an illustration of an example pack-off element for a liner top system. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of an example wellbore system  100  that includes a liner top system  140 . Generally,  FIG. 1  illustrates a portion of one embodiment of a wellbore system  100  according to the present disclosure in which the liner top system  140  may be run into a wellbore  120  to install a liner  145  adjacent a casing  125  (for example, a production or other casing type). In some aspects, the liner top system  140  may also centralize the liner  145  prior to installation, as well as install a sealing member (for example, a packer, liner top packer, or pack-off element) at a top of the liner  145 . 
     In some aspects, the liner  145  is a bare casing joint, which may replace a conventional liner hanger system (for example, that includes a liner hanger with slips, liner top packer and tie-back or polish bore receptacle). For example, in cases in which the wellbore  120  is a deviated or horizontal hole section, a weight of the liner may be supported by the wellbore  120  (for example, due to gravity and a wellbore frictional force), thus eliminating or partially eliminating the need for liner hanger slips. Thus, while wellbore system  100  may include a conventional liner running tool that engages and carries the liner weight into the wellbore  120  in addition to the illustrated liner top system  140 ,  FIG. 1  does not show this conventional liner running tool. 
     As shown, the wellbore system  100  accesses a subterranean formations  110 , and provides access to hydrocarbons located in such subterranean formation  110 . In an example implementation of system  100 , the system  100  may be used for a drilling operation to form the wellbore  120 . In another example implementation of system  100 , the system  100  may be used for a completion operation to install the liner  145  after the wellbore  120  has been completed. The subterranean zone  110  is located under a terranean surface  105 . As illustrated, one or more wellbore casings, such as a surface (or conductor) casing  115  and an intermediate (or production) casing  125 , may be installed in at least a portion of the wellbore  120 . 
     Although illustrated in this example on a terranean surface  105  that is above sea level (or above a level of another body of water), the system  100  may be deployed on a body of water rather than the terranean surface  105 . For instance, in some embodiments, the terranean surface  105  may be an ocean, gulf, sea, or any other body of water under which hydrocarbon-bearing formations may be found. In short, reference to the terranean surface  105  includes both land and water surfaces and contemplates forming and developing one or more wellbore systems  100  from either or both locations. 
     In this example, the wellbore  120  is shown as a vertical wellbore. The present disclosure, however, contemplates that the wellbore  120  may be vertical, deviated, lateral, horizontal, or any combination thereof. Thus, reference to a “wellbore,” can include bore holes that extend through the terranean surface and one or more subterranean zones in any direction. 
     The liner top system  140 , as shown in this example, is positioned in the wellbore  120  on a tool string  205  (also shown in  FIGS. 2A-2E ). The tool string  205  is formed from tubular sections that are coupled (for example, threadingly) to form the string  205  that is connected to the liner top system  140 . The tool string  205  may be lowered into the wellbore  120  (for example, tripped into the hole) and raised out of the wellbore  120  (for example, tripped out of the hole) as required during a liner top operation or otherwise. Generally, the tool string  205  includes a bore therethrough (shown in more detail in  FIGS. 2A-2E ) through which a fluid may be circulated to assist in or perform operations associated with the liner top system  140 . 
       FIGS. 2A-2E  are schematic diagrams that show an operation of an example implementation of a liner top system  200  that includes an expandable centralizer  230  and an expandable pack-off element  235 . In some implementations, the liner top system  200  may be used as liner top system  140  in the well system  100  shown in  FIG. 1 . As illustrated in  FIG. 2A , the liner top system  200  is positioned on the tool string  205  in the wellbore that includes casing  125  cemented (with cement  150 ) to form an annulus  130  between the casing  125  and the tool string  205 . 
     In this example implementation, the liner top system  200  includes a debris cover  210  that rides on the tool string  205  and includes one or more fluid bypass  215  that are axially formed through the cover  210 . The debris cover  210  includes, in this example, a cap  220  that is coupled to cover  210  and seals or helps seal the debris cover  210  to the tool string  205 . In example aspects, the debris cover  210  may prevent or reduce debris (for example, filings, pieces of rock, and otherwise) within a wellbore fluid from interfering with operation of the liner top system  200 . 
     As shown, a liner top  225  is coupled to a portion of the debris cover  210  and extends within the wellbore  120  toward a downhole end of the wellbore  120 . Positioned radially between the liner top  225  and the tool string  205 , in  FIG. 2A , are a centralizer  230 , an expandable element  235 , and a stabilizer  240 .  FIG. 2A  shows the liner top system  200  in a ready position in the wellbore  120 , prior to an operation with the liner top system  200 . For example,  FIG. 2A  shows the liner top system  200  positioned in the wellbore subsequent to an operation to cement (with cement  150 ) the casing  125  in place. 
       FIG. 2B  illustrates the liner top system  200  as an operation to secure the liner top  225  to the casing  125  begins. As shown in this example, the liner top  225  is separated from the debris cover  210  and moved relatively downhole of, for example, the centralizer  230  and the expandable element  225 . For instance, as shown in  FIG. 2B , the liner top  225  may be moved downhole relatively by moving (for example, pulling) the tool string  205  uphole toward a terranean surface, thereby moving the centralizer  230  and expandable element  235  toward the surface and away from the liner top  225 . 
       FIG. 2C  illustrates a next step of the liner top system  200  in operation. As shown in  FIG. 2C , the centralizer  230  is expanded (for example, fluidly, mechanically, or a combination thereof) to radially contact the casing  125 . With radially contact, the centralizer  230  adjusts the tool string  205  in the wellbore  120  so that a base pipe of the tool string is radially centered with respect to the casing  125 . For example, in a deviated, directional, or non-vertical wellbore  125 , the centralizer  230  that is expanded to engage the casing  125  may ensure or help ensure that the tool string  205  correctly performs the liner top operations (for example, by ensuring that the expandable element  235  is radially centered). 
     As further shown in  FIG. 2C , at least a portion of the expandable element  235  is also expanded (for example, fluidly, mechanically, or a combination thereof) to contact the casing  125 . In this figure, for instance, a pack-off seal  245  of the expandable element  235  is expanded radially from the element  245  to engage the casing  125 . 
       FIG. 2D  illustrates a next step of the liner top system  200  in operation. As shown in this figure, the pack-off seal is separated (for example, sheared) from the expandable element  235  to remain in contact with casing  125 . During or subsequent to the separation of the pack-off seal  245  from the expandable element  235 , the tool string  205  may be adjusted so as to move the liner top  225  into position between the pack-off seal  245  and the expandable element  235 . For example, the tool string  205  may be moved downhole so that the liner top  225  is positioned in place to contact and engage the pack-off seal. As shown in  FIG. 2D , the pack-off seal  245  seals between a top of the liner  225  (at an uphole end of the liner  225 ) and the casing  125 . 
       FIG. 2D  illustrates a next step of the liner top system  200  in operation. In this illustration, once the liner top  225  has engaged the pack-off seal  245 , the tool string  205  may be removed from the wellbore  120 . As shown in  FIG. 2E , for instance, a full bore of the liner  225  (and casing  125  above the liner  225 ) may then be used for fluid production (for example, hydrocarbon production) as well as fluid injection, as well as for running additional tool strings into the wellbore  120 . 
       FIGS. 3A-3B  are schematic diagrams that show another example implementation of a liner top system  300  that includes an expandable centralizer  314  and an expandable pack-off element  328 . As shown in  FIG. 3A , the liner top system  300  includes a base pipe  306  in position in a wellbore that includes (in this example) a casing  302 . A radial volume of the wellbore between the base pipe  306  and the casing  302  includes an annulus  304 . The base pipe  306  includes a bore  308  therethrough. 
     A top, or uphole, portion of the liner top system  300  is shown in  FIG. 3A . The example liner top system  300  includes a cover  310  that is secured to, or rides, the base pipe  306 . A liner  312  is, at least initially, coupled to the cover  310  and the cover  310  seals against entry of particles between the liner  312  and the base pipe  306  as shown in  FIG. 3A . 
     Positioned downhole of the cover  310  and also riding or secured to the base pipe  306  is the centralizer  314 . In this example embodiment, the centralizer  314  includes a housing  317  that rides on the base tubing  306 . 
     In this example, the centralizer  314  is radially expandable from the base pipe  306  and includes a sliding sleeve  316  that is moveable to cover or expose one or more fluid inlets  322  to the bore  308  of the base pipe  306 . In this example, the sliding sleeve  316  includes a narrowed diameter seat  318  at a downhole end of the sleeve  316 . 
     The centralizer  314  also includes an expandable disk assembly  320  that is radially positioned within the centralizer  314  and is expandable by, for example, an increase in fluid pressure in the bore  308 . The centralizer  314  further includes a radial bearing surface  324  (for example, rollers, ball bearings, skates, or other low friction surface) that forms at least a portion of an outer radial surface of the centralizer  314 . As shown in this example, the bearing surface  324  is positioned radially about the expandable disk assembly  320  in the centralizer  314 . 
     In this example, the centralizer  314  also includes a recess  326  that forms a larger diameter portion of the centralizer  314  relative to the sliding sleeve  316 . As shown here, in an initial position, the sliding sleeve  316  is located uphole of the recess  326  and covering the fluid inlets  322 . 
       FIG. 3B  illustrates a downhole portion of the liner top system  300 . As shown, the liner  312  extends downward (in this position of the system  300 ) past the pack-off element  328  that is detachably coupled to the base pipe  306 . As illustrated in this example, the pack-off element  328  is coupled to the base pipe  306  with one or more retaining pins  330 . The illustrated pack-off element  328  also includes a radially gap  332  that separates the element  328  from the base pipe  306  at a downhole end of the element  328 . The pack-off element  328  also includes a radial shoulder  315  near an uphole end of the element  328  that couples the element  328  to the base pipe  306 . 
     The liner top system  300  also includes a wedge  334  that rides on the base pipe  306  and is positioned downhole of the pack-off element  328 . The wedge  334 , in this example, includes a ramp  336  toward an uphole end of the wedge  334  and a shoulder  346  at a downhole end of the wedge  334 . As shown in the position of  FIG. 3B , the wedge  334  is coupled to the base pipe  306  with one or more locking pins  340 . The locking pins  340  are positioned in engaging contact with biasing members  338 , which, in the illustrated position of  FIG. 3B , are recessed in the base pipe  306 . 
     The liner top system  300  also includes an inner sleeve  342  positioned within the bore  308  of the base pipe  306 . In an initial position, the inner sleeve  342  is positioned radially adjacent the biasing members  338  to constrain the retaining pins  340  in place in coupling engagement with the wedge  334 . As shown in  FIG. 3B , the inner sleeve  342  includes a seat  344  in a downhole portion of the sleeve  342 . A diameter of the seat  344 , relative to a diameter of the sleeve  342 , is smaller in this example. 
     The illustrated liner top system  300  includes a spring member  348  (for example, one or more compression springs, one or more Belleville washers, one or more piston members) positioned radially around the base pipe  306  within a chamber  350 . The spring member  348  is positioned downhole of the wedge  334  and adjacent the shoulder  346  of the wedge  334 . 
     The liner top system  300  also includes a stop ring  352  positioned on an inner radial surface of the bore  308 . As illustrated, the stop ring  352  is coupled to or with the base pipe  306  downhole of the inner sleeve  342  and has a diameter less than the bore  308 . 
       FIGS. 4A-4F  are schematic diagrams that show an operation of the example implementation of the liner top system of  FIGS. 3A-3B . In this example, the operation includes installing the liner  312  in sealing contact with at least a portion of the pack-off element  328 , which is, in turn, sealingly engaged with the casing  302  to prevent fluid or debris from circulating downhole between the liner  312  and the casing  302 .  FIGS. 3A-3B  illustrate the liner top system  300  positioned at a location in a wellbore prior to commencement of a liner top operation. Prior operations, such as a cementing operation to cement the casing  302  in place. For instance, prior to a liner top operation, the liner top system  300  may be run into the wellbore to a particular depth. Fluid (for example, water or otherwise) may be circulated to clean the bore  308  and the annulus  304 . Next, a spacer and cement may be pumped (for example, per a cementing plan). Next, a dart (for example, wiper dart) may be inserted into the wellbore and the cement may be displaced to secure the casing  302  to a wall of the wellbore. Once the dart lands properly, fluid pressure may be conventionally used to initiate expansion of the liner  312  from a downhole end of the liner  312  to an uphole end of the liner  312 . In some cases, however, a pressure leak or other problem may occur causing insufficient expansion (or no expansion) of the liner  312 . In such cases, the liner top system  300  may be used to install and seal a top of the liner  312  to the casing  312  with the pack-off element  328 . In alternative aspects, the liner top system  300  may be a primary liner installation system in the wellbore. 
     For example,  FIGS. 4A-4B  illustrates the liner top system  300  pulled uphole so that the pack-off element  328  is uphole of the top of the liner  312 . In some aspects, the liner  312  is first decoupled from the cover  310  and then the base pipe  306  is pulled uphole so that the pack-off element  328  is slightly above the top of the liner  312 . 
     Once the base pipe  306  is pulled up so that the pack-off element  328  is above the top of the liner  312 , the centralizer  314  may be expanded to center the liner top system  300  in the wellbore. A ball  402  is pumped through the bore  308  by a wellbore fluid  400  until the ball  402  lands on the seat  318 . As fluid pressure of the fluid  400  is increased, the ball  402  shifts the sleeve  316  in a downhole direction until the fluid inlets  322  are uncovered. 
     Once uncovered, continued fluid pressure by the fluid  400  may be applied to the one or more disks  320  through the fluid inlets  322 . The one or more disks  320  are then expanded by the fluid pressure to push the bearing surface  324  against the casing  302 . 
     As the fluid pressure radially expands the disks  320  to engage the bearing surface  324  with the casing  302 , the base pipe  306  (and components riding on the base pipe  306 ) is centered in the wellbore. Continued fluid pressure by the fluid  400  may further move the sleeve  316  downhole so that the seat  318  retracts (for example, radially) into the recess  326 . As the seat  318  retracts into the recess  326 , the ball  402  continues to circulate downhole through the bore  308  until it lands on the seat  344 , as shown in  FIG. 4B . 
     Turning to  FIG. 4C , as fluid pressure of the fluid  400  is increased, the ball  402  shifts the sleeve  342  downhole to uncover the locking pins  340 . Prior to uncovering, the locking pins  340  couple the wedge  334  to the base pipe  306  by being set in notches  360  formed in the radially inner surface of the wedge  334 . As shown in  FIG. 4C , once the sleeve  344  moves to uncover the locking pins  340 , the biasing member  342  urges the locking pins  340  out of the notches  360  to decouple the wedge  334  from the base pipe  306 . As further shown in  FIG. 4C , the sleeve  342  may be urged downhole by the pressurized ball  402  until the sleeve  342  abuts the stop ring  352 . Once the pack-off element  328  is set at a final position (for example, as shown in  FIG. 4F ), if desired, increased pressure on the ball  402  may shear the seat  344  and circulate the ball  402  further downhole, thereby facilitating fluid communication through the bore  308  of the liner hanger system  300 . 
     Turning to  FIG. 4D , once the wedge  334  is decoupled from the base pipe  306 , the wedge  334  is urged uphole by the power spring  348 . For example, when constrained in the spring chamber  350  as the shoulder  346  abuts the power spring  348 , the power spring  348  may store a significant magnitude of potential energy in compression. Once unconstrained, for example, by decoupling the wedge  334  from the base pipe  306 , the potential energy in compression can be released to apply force against the shoulder  346  of the wedge  334  by the power spring  348 . The wedge  334  may then be driven uphole toward the pack-off element  328 . As the ramp  336  slides under the pack-off element  328  (for example, into the slot  332  of the element  328 ), the pack-off element  328  expands to engage the casing  302  as shown in  FIG. 4D . 
     Turning to  FIG. 4E , the wedge  334  expands the pack-off element  328  from the base pipe  306  to shear the retaining pins  330 , thus allowing the pack-off element  328  to decouple from the base pipe  306 . The pack-off element  328  is expanded until it engages the casing  302 . Once the pack-off element  328  is engaged to the casing  302  (for example, expanded into plastic deformation against the casing  302 ), the power spring  348  retracts to a neutral state (for example, neither in compression nor tension). 
     As shown in  FIG. 4E , once the pack-off element  328  is engaged with the casing  302 , the centralizer  314  may be moved downhole (for example, on the base pipe  306  to contact a top surface of the expanded pack-off element  328 . Once contact is made, the centralizer  314  may be used to push the pack-off element  328  downhole until the element  328  engages a top of the liner  312 . 
     Once engaged with the top of the liner  312 , the expanded pack-off element  328  may seal a portion of the wellbore between the liner  312  and the casing  302  so that, for example, no or little fluid may circulate from uphole between the liner  312  and the casing  302 . Turning to  FIG. 4F , once the pack-off element  328  is expanded to the casing  302  and engaged with the liner  312 , the base pipe  306  may be removed from the wellbore, thereby allowing full fluid communication through the wellbore and liner  312 . 
       FIG. 5  is an illustration of an example pack-off element  500  for a liner top system. In some implementations, the pack-off element  500  may be used in the liner top system  300 . As illustrated in this example implementation, the pack-off element  500  includes a tubular  504  that includes retaining pins  502  and slotted fingers  506  that extend radially around the tubular  504 . The tubular also includes a solid wedge cone  508  at a bottom end of the tubular  504 . As shown in  FIG. 5 , the pack-off element  500  can ride on a base pipe  510 . 
     In operation, as described more fully with respect to  FIG. 4A-4F , a wedge may ride on the base pipe  510  and urged under the solid wedge cone  508  (for example, by a biasing member). As the wedge expands the solid wedge cone  508 , the slotted fingers  506  are expanded radially outward to engage a casing or wellbore wall. 
     A number of implementations have been described. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. For example, example operations, methods, or processes described herein may include more steps or fewer steps than those described. Further, the steps in such example operations, methods, or processes may be performed in different successions than that described or illustrated in the figures. Accordingly, other implementations are within the scope of the following claims.