Abstract:
A sensor mounting for a distance sensor includes a fixing part for attaching to a vehicle, and a receiving part attached to the fixing part in an adjustable manner in order to receive the distance sensor. The receiving part is adjustable into at least two different angular positions on the fixing part.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention generally relates to a mounting for a distance sensor. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     For detection of distances or separations, various distance sensors can be attached to a vehicle. For example, ultrasound and radar distance sensors are known, which can detect the separation or distance to other objects within a spatial angle. 
     For rear view monitoring systems and ramp approach systems, such distance sensors are attached to the rear of the vehicle. Depending on the application, the sensors are disposed at different angles to the longitudinal axis, in order to be able to cover the necessary monitoring area with the minimum possible number of sensors. 
     The distance sensors are generally attached to the vehicle by sensor mountings, e.g., to the vehicle chassis or the bumper. Thus, in general, multiple sensor mountings are necessary for the various angular positions of the sensor, e.g., lateral sensor mountings and a central sensor mounting. 
     This accordingly increases the number of parts for manufacturers and the costs of the tools for manufacturing the sensor mountings. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Generally speaking, it is an object of the present invention is to provide a sensor mounting that can be flexibly or adjustably attached on or in a vehicle. 
     According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sensor mounting is designed essentially in two parts, with an attachment part for attachment to the vehicle, e.g., to the vehicle chassis or the bumper, and an accommodating part for accommodating the distance sensor. The attachment part can be a housing that encloses the distance sensor and the accommodating part can be a cover that closes the housing, to which the distance sensor is fixed. Thus, the cover with fixed distance sensor can be placed on the housing in the desired angular position and fixed. 
     The attachment part can be directly and or indirectly attached to the vehicle, e.g., on a mounting plate. The accommodating part can be fixed onto the attachment part in at least two angular positions, wherein the angular position of the accommodating part defines the angular positions of the distance sensor. 
     The distance sensor is thus accommodated in the various angular positions of the accommodating part with a different orientation of its sensor axis. The user can thus adjust the orientation of the sensor axis by the angular position of the accommodating part. 
     The various angular positions of the sensor axis can lie in particular in the horizontal plane, i.e., the XY plane of the vehicle. 
     According to a preferred embodiment, the accommodating part can be attached to the attachment part in exactly two angular positions, which are rotated relative to each other by 180°, whereby two different orientations of the sensor axis are defined in the horizontal plane. 
     A first angular position can be such that the sensor axis extends essentially in the vehicle&#39;s longitudinal direction (or opposite to the vehicle&#39;s x direction). 
     In this angular position, the sensor mounting can be mounted, for example, centrally at the rear of the vehicle and can detect a distance to the rear. In the other angular position, the sensor axis is orientated towards the side in the horizontal plane. Depending on the installation of the entire sensor mounting, this orientation can face to the left or right, so that a total of three sensor systems can be attached with orientations towards the center and to the left and right. 
     It should be appreciated that the production costs are significantly reduced, because a uniform sensor mounting can be used for the various sensor orientations. 
     The adjustment can be carried out by the user. For this purpose, for example, positive locking of the attachment part to the accommodating part can take place, e.g., using mounting eyes or fixing eyelets, which are formed on the two parts and joined or fixed to each other by fixing bolts. Definite positions can thus be set for the user with relatively little effort. 
     The inventive sensor mounting is characterized moreover by a small parts count and robustness. In principle, only the attachment part and the accommodating part are necessary, possibly with locking mechanisms such as fixing bolts or also possibly a seal between their positioning surfaces for mutual contact. 
     Still other objects and advantages of the present invention will in part be obvious and will in part be apparent from the specification. 
     The present invention accordingly comprises the features of construction, combination of elements, and arrangement of parts, all as exemplified in the constructions herein set forth, and the scope of the invention will be indicated in the claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The invention is described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments depicted in the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  depicts a vehicle with a sensor system according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  depicts the sensor mounting according to an embodiment of the invention in its first angular position; and 
         FIG. 3  depicts the sensor mounting of  FIG. 2  in its second angular position. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The direction of travel of a vehicle  1  on a road  2  is conventionally designated as X, the vertical direction as Z, and the transverse direction shown in  FIGS. 2 and 3  as Y, which together form a vehicle coordinate system. The horizontal plane is defined by the X direction and the Y direction. 
     A sensor mounting  5  according to an embodiment of the present invention with a distance sensor  6  shown dashed in  FIGS. 2 and 3  is attached to the vehicle  1 , e.g., on its bumper  3  or on a mounting plate  4  fixed to the bumper  3 . The sensor mounting  5  with the distance sensor  6  form a sensor system  7 . Attachment of the sensor system  7  is not only possible on the bumper  3  or the rear area of the vehicle  1 , but in principle also, for example, on the sides for detecting a lateral distance or even on the front of the vehicle  1 . This also allows a different height on the vehicle  1  to be selected. 
     The distance sensor  6  outputs a sensor signal S 1 , which can be received in the vehicle  1  by a controller  8  for evaluation of a distance d to an obstruction  9  and, e.g., to output a warning signal if the distance is less than a minimum distance, as well as possibly also to control vehicle brakes  10  if the distance sensor  6  is part of an automatic vehicle brake control system or vehicle driving dynamics control system. In principle, the sensor signals S 1  can also be evaluated already within the sensor mounting  5 , which then outputs, e.g., a warning signal if the distance is less than the minimum distance. 
     The sensor mounting  5  is made in multiple parts; according to the embodiment shown it has two parts, namely a housing  12  as the attachment part, which is attached to the chassis side mounting plate  4 , e.g., with its planar rear side  12   a , and an accommodating part, which in this instance is in the form of a cover  14 . The distance sensor  6  can, for example, be essentially rectangular and is attached to the cover  14 . The distance sensor  6  is accommodated in the housing  12  and is covered at the rear by the cover  14 . An opening  15  is formed in the cover  14 , through which the sensitive area of the distance sensor  6  detects a detection region around the sensor axis A. 
     The housing  12  is formed with a first positioning surface  12   b  that is oblique or inclined relative to the vertical YZ plane, and which is formed, for example, by the four front edges of the housing  12 , i.e., the edge surfaces of its two side walls and the edge surfaces of the upper wall and the lower wall. Correspondingly, a second positioning surface  14   a  is formed on the cover  14 , e.g., likewise by the edge surfaces of its horizontal upper wall and lower wall and its side walls  14   c  and  14   d . In addition, the second positioning surface  14   a  is offset relative to the vertical YZ plane. The positioning surfaces  14   a  and  12   b  are in contact with each other, e.g., with a seal between them. 
     According to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , the first positioning surface  12   b  is inclined relative to the vertical YZ plane at a first inclination angle α 1 , which thus lies in the horizontal XY plane. For this purpose, e.g., the right side wall  12   c  of the housing  12  can be somewhat longer than its left side wall  12   d.    
     Correspondingly, the second positioning surface  14   a  is inclined relative to the vertical YZ plane by a second inclination angle α 2 , which thus also lies in the horizontal XY plane, for which purpose the side walls  14   c  and  14   d  of the cover  14  can be of different lengths. 
     A bearing eye (fixing eyelet)  18  with a vertical throughway is provided centrally in each case on both side walls  14   c  and  14   d  of the cover  14 . Correspondingly, two bearing eyes  19  are provided on the side walls  12   c  and  12   d  of the housing  12 , which align with the bearing eyes  18  when mounting the cover  14  on the housing  12 , allowing a fixing bolt  20  shown schematically in  FIG. 3  to be placed through the bearing eyes  18 ,  19 , in order to allow the cover  14  to be locked or latched to the housing  12  on both sides. 
     According to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , the cover  14  can be attached to the housing  12  in two positions, wherein its bearing eyes (fixing eyelets)  18  are each accommodated between the corresponding bearing eyes  19  of the housing  12 . In the second positions of  FIG. 3  the cover  14  is rotated by 180° relative to the X direction compared to  FIG. 2 , i.e., its lateral surfaces  14   c  and  14   d  are reversed left and right, as can also be seen from the offset position of the hole  15 . In both positions or angular positions the positioning surfaces  12   b  and  14   a  are in mutual contact. 
     Because the distance sensor  6  is attached to the cover  14 , it is turned with it. The sensor axis A thus extends differently in the XY plane in  FIGS. 2 and 3 . 
     As the inclination angles α 1 =α 2  are selected, in  FIG. 2  the cover surface  14   e  extends parallel to the mounting surface or the rear side  12   a  of the housing  12 . The sensor axis A thus extends at the angle α 1 −α 2 =0 relative to the vehicle&#39;s longitudinal direction (−X direction). In the position of the cover  14  rotated by comparison through 180° according to  FIG. 3 , the inclination angles α 1  and α 2  add to a total angle α 1 +α 2 =2α 1 , by which the sensor axis A is rotated relative to the X direction in the XY plane. 
     In principle, even more complex angular positions than those with the simple contact shown of positioning surfaces  12   b  and  14   a  are possible. Thus, for example, square designs of the sensor mounting with 4-fold (instead of 2-fold) symmetry are possible. 
     According to an embodiment of the invention, three sensor systems  7  can be mounted on the bumper  3 : e.g., the sensor system  7  according to  FIG. 2  can be mounted in the center of the bumper  3 , wherein its sensor axis A thus points rearwards in the −X direction. A sensor system  7  can be mounted laterally outwardly, i.e., on the left and right respectively, for which the sensor mounting  5  is turned outwards in the horizontal XY plane according to  FIG. 3 . The sensor system shown in  FIG. 3  can be mounted on the left as shown. For mounting on the right side, it can be rotated relative to  FIG. 3  by a total of 180°, so that the sensor axis A points outwards to the right. 
     The distance sensor  6  can, for example, be an ultrasound sensor or radar sensor or other suitable sensor. According to its design, the hole  15  may be closed with a transparent cover (when in the form of a radar sensor). 
     It will thus be seen that the objects set forth above, among those made apparent from the preceding description, are efficiently attained, and since certain changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. 
     It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described and all statements of the scope of the invention that, as a matter of language, might be said to fall there-between.