Abstract:
It would be to provide a method which will work with future versions of LTE-A, be backwards compatible and alleviate interference to signals for basic system operation. 
     The method includes generating one or more Reference Signals associated with the one or more Channel Quality Indicators, and includes mapping the one or more Channel Quality Indicator-Reference Signals to the last symbol of the second slot of the one or more subframes.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 13/590,695 which is a division of application Ser. No. 13/543,172 filed on Jul. 6, 2012, which is a division of U.S. Pat. No. 9,077,503 filed on Sep. 19, 2011, which is a National Stage of PCT/JP2010/055144 filed on Mar. 17, 2010, which claims foreign priority to Australian Application No. 2009901196 filed on Mar. 19, 2009. The entire content of each of these applications is hereby expressly incorporated by reference. 
     
    
     FIELD 
       [0002]    The present invention relates to wireless communications systems, and more particularly to a method for determining and transmitting Channel Quality Indicator Reference Signals (CQI-RS) from one or more subframes such that an associated User Equipment (UE) can use the CQI- RS to measure CQI. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0003]    In advanced mobile communication systems, such as the Long-Term-Evolution (LTE) system and the Long-Term-Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) system, User Equipment (UE) is utilized to measure and to report a number of parameters in the communication system including Rank Indicator (RI), Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) or Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) to the evolved Node B (eNB) thereby enabling support of resource allocation, link adaptation and spatial multiplexing transmission. 
         [0004]    Currently, LTE (Release-8) RI, CQI/PMI measurement is performed based on the cell-specific reference signals (CRS). Each CRS is associated with transmit antenna ports at the eNB (there is a maximum of 4 transmit antenna ports). Therefore, the maximum number of transmission layers that can be supported for spatial multiplexing is limited by the number of antenna ports available (i.e. 4). 
         [0005]    It is envisaged that for LTE-A (Release-10), the number of antenna ports used for spatial multiplexing or the number of transmission layers should be up to 8. Therefore, more Reference Signals are needed to enable the support of higher-order MIMO transmission. 
         [0006]    Further, a new technology under consideration for LTE-A is Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) transmission. The LTE-A UE may therefore also be required to measure and report the RI, CQI/PMI (or similar metric) for the Reference Signal transmitted from the eNBs that participate in CoMP transmission. 
         [0007]    A problem with this increase in complexity is the possibility of interference to signals important for basic system operation together with backward compatibility issues on older UEs. 
         [0008]    It would therefore be desirable to provide a method which will work with future versions of LTE-A, be backwards compatible and alleviate interference to signals for basic system operation. 
         [0009]    It will be appreciated that a reference herein to any matter which is given as prior art is not to be taken as an admission that that matter was, in Australia or elsewhere, known or that the information it contains was part of the common general knowledge as at the priority date of the claims forming part of this specification. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0010]    A improved channel quality indicator method for determining and transmitting one or more Channel Quality Indicator Reference Signals from one or more subframes such that an associated User Equipment can use the Channel Quality Indicator Reference Signals to measure Channel Quality Indicator, the subframes including first and second slots, each of the first and second slots including a plurality of symbols, and each of the first and second slots forming a resource block, wherein the method comprising: 
         [0011]    generating one or more Reference Signals associated with the one or more Channel Quality Indicators; 
         [0012]    mapping the one or more Channel Quality Indicator-Reference Signals to the last symbol of the second slot of the one or more subframes. 
         [0013]    The following description refers in more detail to the various features and steps of the present invention. To facilitate an understanding of the invention, reference is made in the description to the accompanying drawings where the invention is illustrated in a preferred embodiment. It is to be understood however that the invention is not limited to the preferred embodiment illustrated in the drawings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0014]      FIG. 1A  is a schematic diagram of a subframe having two normal Cyclic Prefix (CP) resource blocks illustrating the location of the CQI-RS for one layer; 
           [0015]      FIG. 1B  is a schematic diagram of a subframe having two extended Cyclic Prefix (CP) resource blocks illustrating the location of the CQI-RS for one layer; 
           [0016]      FIG. 2  is a schematic diagram of a subframe having two normal Cyclic Prefix (CP) resource blocks illustrating the location of the CQI-RS for multiple layers for multiplexing via (Frequency Division Multiplexing) FDM; 
           [0017]      FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram of a subframe having two normal Cyclic Prefix (CP) resource blocks illustrating the location of the CQI-RS for multiple layers for multiplexing via hybrid FDM and (Code Division Multiplexing) CDM; 
           [0018]      FIG. 4  is a schematic diagram of a subframe having two normal Cyclic Prefix (CP) resource blocks illustrating the location of the CQI-RS for multiple layers for CoMP cells multiplexed via hybrid FDM and CDM; 
           [0019]      FIG. 5  is a schematic diagram of a series of subframes illustrating use of a cell-specific subframe offset; 
           [0020]      FIG. 6  is a schematic diagram of a series of subframes illustrating use of a cell-specific subframe offset designed for CoMP cells; 
           [0021]      FIG. 7  is a schematic diagram of bandwidth of subframes illustrating the use of the resource block offset parameter RB offset ; and 
           [0022]      FIG. 8  is a schematic diagram of bandwidth of subframes illustrating the use of the resource block offset parameter RB offset  suitable for CoMP cells. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0023]    Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are next described in detail with reference to the accompanying figures. 
         [0024]    Referring now to  FIG. 1A , there is shown a subframe  100  having two normal Cyclic Prefix (CP) resource blocks  105 ,  110 . The subframe  100  is shown with a frequency (f) axis and a time (t) axis. The resource blocks  105 ,  110  are transmission units which are one slot  130 ,  135  wide in time (t) and twelve subcarriers wide in frequency (f). Included in each of the slots  130 ,  135  are seven symbols along the time axis for a normal Cyclic Prefix resource block  105 ,  110 . A number of resource elements which make up the overall resource block  105 ,  110  are cell-specific reference signals (CRS)  25  and first and second “Long Term Evolution—Advanced Channel Quality Indicator-Reference Signal” (LTE-A CQI-RS)  115 ,  120 . 
         [0025]    In operation, the CQI-RS of a layer is transmitted in last OFDM symbol (i.e. OFDM symbol number  6  in the second slot  135 ), in order to avoid collision with Rel-8 cell-specific reference signals (CRS), Rel-8 Dedicated Reference Signal (DRS), and Physical Broadcast CHannel (PBCH) and synchronization signals. Preferably, there are two CQI-RS REs within a resource block  105 ,  110  and the CQI-RSs are uniformly distributed over the 12 subcarriers of the resource block. Providing two CQI-RS REs for each layer is advantageous since it has been found to provide a good balance between CQI-RS overhead and CQI measurement performance. 
         [0026]    Also shown in  FIG. 1A , is a first cell-specific subcarrier offset f offset  for higher-layer configurations. First f offset  determines the Resource Element (RE) location offset of the CQI-RS from the lowest subcarrier index in a resource block. This is shown in Figure IA for First f offset =2. In the preferred case of two CQI-RS REs per resource block, First f offset  can take value from 0-5. 
         [0027]    Figure IB is identical to  FIG. 1A  but illustrates a subframe  100  which includes two extended Cyclic Prefix (CP) resource blocks  105 ,  110 . The subframe  100  is shown with a frequency (f) axis and a time (t) axis. The resource blocks  105 ,  110  are transmission units which are one slot  130 ,  135  wide in time (t) and twelve subcarriers wide in frequency (f). Each of the slots  130 ,  135  are six symbols along the time axis for an extended Cyclic Prefix resource block  105 ,  110 . In operation, the CQI-RS of a layer is transmitted in last OFDM symbol (i.e. OFDM symbol number  5  in the second slot  135 ). 
         [0028]    Advantageously, by designing CQI-RS for all layers applicable to LTE-A operation to be placed in only one particular OFDM symbol within a subframe provides a simple way to avoid interference to/from Rel-8 CRS, Rel-8 DRS, and PBCH and synchronization signals. 
         [0029]      FIG. 2  is shows a subframe  200  having two normal Cyclic Prefix (CP) resource blocks  205 ,  210  and further shows the preferred location of the CQI-RS for multiple layers for multiplexing via Frequency Division Multiplexing. Like  FIGS. 1A and 1B , the subframe  200  is shown with a frequency (f) axis and a time (t) axis. The resource blocks  205 ,  210  are transmission units which are one slot  230 ,  235  wide in time (t) and twelve subcarriers wide in frequency (f). Each of the slots  230 ,  235  include seven symbols along the time axis for a normal Cyclic Prefix resource block  205 ,  210 . A number of resource elements make up the resource block  205 ,  210  including cell-specific reference signals (CRS)  225  together with first LTE-A CQI-RS 240 (layer I), second LTE-A CQI-RS 245 (layer I), first LTE-A CQI-RS 250 (layer  2 ), second LTE-A CQI-RS 255 (for layer  2 ), first LTE-A CQI-RS 260 (layer  3 ), second LTE-A CQI-RS 265 (layer  3 ), first LTE-A CQI-RS 270 (layer  4 ) and second LTE-A CQI-RS 275 (layer  4 ). 
         [0030]    In  FIG. 2 , CQI-RS of all layers for LTE-A operation are transmitted in the same OFDM symbol (i.e. symbol number  6 ) for the case that the layers are multiplexed via FDM. The particular arrangement within the FDM framework is illustrative, other arrangements are possible. 
         [0031]      FIG. 3  shows a subframe  300  having two normal Cyclic Prefix (CP) resource blocks  305 ,  310  and further shows the preferred location of the CQI-RS for multiple layers for multiplexing via hybrid Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) and Code Division Multiplexing (CDM). A number of resource elements make up the resource block  305 ,  310  including cell-specific reference signals (CRS)  325  together with first LTE-A CQI-RS 315 (layer  1  and layer  2 ), second LTE-A CQI-RS 320 (layer  1  and layer  2 ), first LTE-A CQI-RS 340 (layer  3  and layer  4 ) and second LTE-A CQI-RS 345 (layer  3  and layer  4 ). 
         [0032]    In  FIG. 3 , CQI-RS of all layers for LTE-A operation are transmitted in the same OFDM symbol (i.e. symbol number  6 ) for the case that the layers are multiplexed hybrid via FDM and CDM. The particular arrangement within the hybrid FDM and CDM framework is illustrative, other arrangements are possible. 
         [0033]      FIG. 4  shows a subframe  400  having two normal Cyclic Prefix (CP) resource blocks  405 ,  410  illustrating the location of the CQI-RS for multiple layers for CoMP cells multiplexed via hybrid FDM and CDM. In operation, the CQI-RS of a layer is transmitted in last OFDM symbol (i.e. OFDM symbol number  6  in the second slot  435 ), in order to mitigate CQI-RS intercell interference. The intercell interference is further reduced by including a first cell- specific subcarrier offset First f offset  and a second cell-specific subcarrier offset Second f offset . First f offset  determines the Resource Element (RE) location offset of the CQI-RS from the lowest subcarrier index of a resource block for Cell- 1 . This is shown in  FIG. 4  for First f offset =2. Second f offset  determines the Resource Element (RE) location offset of the CQI-RS from the lowest subcarrier index of a resource block for Cell- 2 . This is shown in  FIG. 4  for Second f offset =4. Therefore, LTE-A CQI-RS are as follows: first LTE-A CQI-RS 440 (layer  1  and  2  for cell  1 ), second LTE-A CQI-RS 445 (layer  1  and  2  for cell  1 ), first LTE-A CQI-RS 450 (layer  3  and  4  for cell  1 ), second LTE-A CQI-RS 455 (layer  3  and  4  for cell  1 ), first LTE-A CQI-RS 460 (layer  1  and  2  for cell  2 ), second LTE-A CQI-RS 465 (layer  1  and  2  for cell  2 ), first LTE-A CQI- RS 470 (layer  3  and  4  for cell  2 ) and second LTE-A CQI-RS 475 (layer  3  and  4  for cell  2 ). 
         [0034]    Advantageously, foffset allows for robust intercell interference management for CoMP CQI-RS transmission. 
         [0000]    Transmission Period Configuration of LTE-A only CQI-RS 
         [0035]      FIG. 5  is a schematic diagram of a series of subframes  500  illustrating use of a cell- specific subframe offset SFoffset  510  and the CQI-RS transmission period, T CQI-Rs   505 . T CQI-Rs ,  505  is the same as the CQI/PMI reporting period for LTE Rel-8, i.e. 2 ms, 5 ms, 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms, 80 ms and 160 ms for Frequency Division Duplex (FDD), and 1 ms, 5 ms, 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms, 80 ms and 160 ms for Time Division Duplex (TDD). However, T CQI-Rs .  505  is cell-specific while the CQVPMI reporting period is DE-specific, hence the configuration of T CQI-Rs .  505  and CQVPMI reporting period are independent. In practice, the CQVPMI reporting period is generally not shorter than T CQI-Rs .  505 . 
         [0036]    Higher-layer configured cell-specific subframe offset SFoffset  510  determines the subframe offset for CQI-RS transmission relative to subframe  0  within a frame. SFoffset takes the value from 0 ms to (TCQI-RS-1) ms.  FIG. 5  shows a T CQI-Rs .  505  of 2 ms and SFoffset of 1 ms. 
         [0037]    Advantageously, T CQI-Rs .  505  is useful in controlling the CQI-RS overhead whereas SFoffset  510  is useful for mitigating CQI-RS intercell interference among CoMP cells. 
         [0038]      FIG. 6  shows a series of subframes  600  and illustrates an example of how SFoffset can be used to avoid CQI-RS of different CoMP cells being transmitted in the same subframe. In this case Cell- I SFoffset  625  has a value of 1 ms and Cell-2 SFoffset  610  has a value of 0 ms and a T CQI-Rs .  605  of 2 ms. 
         [0000]    Resource Block Allocation for LTE-A only CQI-RS 
         [0039]    The CQI-RS subband which may be denoted k is defined in the similar way as the CQI-reporting subband for LTE Rel-8. The CQI-RS subband size or equivalently the total number of resource blocks that contain CQI-RS is determined based on the system bandwidth for a single component carrier, similar to the CQI-reporting subband size determination for LTE Rel-8. Specifically, the CQI-RS subband size is determined as shown in Table 1. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 CQI-RS Subband Size k vs. System Bandwidth  
               
               
                 of a single component carrier 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 System Bandwidth of a 
                 CQI-RS  
               
               
                   
                 single component 
                 Subband 
               
               
                   
                 carrier 
                 Size, k 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                  6-7  
                 Entire system 
               
               
                   
                   
                 bandwidth 
               
               
                   
                  8-10  
                 4 
               
               
                   
                 11-26  
                 4 
               
               
                   
                 27-63  
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 64-110 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0040]    There is only one resource block in a CQI-RS subband that contains CQI-RS. With this in mind,  FIG. 7  shows a schematic diagram of bandwidth (20 Mhz) of subframes  700  (having eight resource blocks in each subband  715 ) illustrating the use of the resource block offset parameter RBoffset  710 . Each subband  715  includes a resource block  705  which contains CQI-RS (the subband size=8 resource blocks). The exact location of the resource block that contains CQI-RS is determined by the parameter RBoffset  710 . RBoffset ranges from 0 to k-1. 
         [0041]    RBoffset  710  can be either configured by a higher-layer or can cycle from the first resource block to the last resource block within the subband as subframe number increments (i.e. round-robin allocation of the CQI-RS to the resource blocks within the subband). 
         [0042]    Advantageously, the parameter RBoffset can also be used to mitigate CQI-RS intercell interference among CoMP cells as shown in  FIG. 8 . In  FIG. 8  there shown a Cell- 1  RBoffset  820  and a Cell- 2  RBoffset  825  within a subband  815 . The two offsets are used to avoid CQI-RS of different CoMP cells being transmitted in the same resource block. In case of the round-robin assignment, collision can be avoided by configuring different starting position for different CoMP cell for the round-robin operation. 
         [0043]    Advantageously, there is only one resource block in a CQI-RS subband that contains CQI-RS. The total number of resource blocks that contain CQI-RS is determined based on the system bandwidth for a single component carrier. 
         [0044]    Advantageously, the resource blocks containing CQI-RS are uniformly distributed over the system bandwidth which means it is able to cover the entire system bandwidth (within a component carrier). This is known as the “wideband” requirement in LTE-A. In a further advantage, the arrangement minimizes the impact on legacy User Equipment (e.g. LTE Rel-8) by minimizing the number of resource blocks that contains CQI-RS within a subband. 
         [0045]    Although the exemplary embodiments of the invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments but is defined by the following claims. 
         [0046]    This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from Australian provisional patent application No. 2009901196 filed on Mar. 19, 2009 the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.