Abstract:
The present invention is a vacuum evaporation heating assembly for heating a carrier, in which an evaporation material is filled, in a vacuum evaporation process, the vacuum evaporation heating assembly comprising: a carrier container in which the carrier is installed; and an electrode connector which extends in both directions of the carrier container to be connected to an electrode. At least one of the carrier container and the electrode connector is a plate-shaped member. The vacuum evaporation heating assembly can securely hold the carrier, in which the evaporation material is filled, and can vaporize the evaporation material in a specialized direction, thereby uniformly and efficiently evaporating the evaporation material with a small number of carriers.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to a vacuum evaporation heating assembly, in particular a vacuum evaporation heating assembly and a vacuum evaporation apparatus having the same, which heat a carrier, in which an evaporation material is filled, so as to evaporate the evaporation material on an evaporation target article. 
       DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART 
       [0002]    In vacuum evaporation processes in the field of optical lenses (including lenses of glasses) and filters, and of portable electronics and display products such as cell phones, MP3 players, PMPs and laptop computers, there have been various attempts such as anti-reflection, optical filtering, reflectivity/absorptance control and evaporation coloring. In order to obtain various characteristics, an evaporation target article is manufactured by forming an evaporated thin layer on a substrate, which is made from glass, plastics and metals, with powders and granular materials which contain oxides such as silicon oxides, titanium oxides and zirconium oxides, fluorides such as magnesium fluorides, metals such as chromes, nickels, aluminums and SUSs, and minerals. 
         [0003]    However, the evaporated thin layer is easily corroded or contaminated and thus is separated from the substrate since the evaporated thin layer contains metals and oxides. In order to resolve such problems, a hydrophobic layer or a water-repellent layer, which is made from organic materials, is coated on the evaporated thin layer. In order to evaporate the organic materials, a carrier, in which the organic evaporation material is filled, was used in vacuum state. 
         [0004]    As the vacuum evaporation process, an electron beam-type vacuum evaporation process or a resistance-heating type vacuum evaporation process is used. Generally, the electron beam-type vacuum evaporation process is advantageous because its process is convenient and can be automated. However, the resistance-heating-type vacuum evaporation process is widely used due to the organic evaporation material which is usually used in the vacuum evaporation process, and the carrier in which the organic evaporation material is filled. 
         [0005]    However, in the resistance-heating-type vacuum evaporation process, the evaporation material which is filled in the carrier is scattered when it is heated, and considerable loss of the evaporation material takes place. Therefore, the carrier has to be close to the jig of the evaporation target article, and the vacuum evaporation apparatus has to contain many carriers therein in all directions so as to maintain its evaporation performance. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Object of the Invention 
       [0006]    The present invention is invented to resolve the above problems and provides a vacuum evaporation heating assembly to which a carrier, in which an evaporation material is filled, can be securely installed. 
         [0007]    The present invention provides a vacuum evaporation heating assembly which can minimize the loss of an evaporation material which is filled in a carrier and can increase its evaporation efficiency. 
         [0008]    The present invention provides a vacuum evaporation heating assembly which can minimize the number of carriers which are installed therein but nevertheless can provide uniform and efficient evaporation. 
         [0009]    The present invention provides a vacuum evaporation apparatus comprising the above vacuum evaporation heating assembly. 
       Constitution of the Invention 
       [0010]    The present invention is a vacuum evaporation heating assembly for heating a carrier, in which an evaporation material is filled, in a vacuum evaporation process, the vacuum evaporation heating assembly comprising: a carrier container in which the carrier is installed; and an electrode connector which extends in both directions of the carrier container to be connected to an electrode. 
         [0011]    At least one of the carrier container and the electrode connector is a plate-shaped member. 
         [0012]    At least one side of the carrier container is open, through which a front open area of the carrier installed in the carrier container faces an evaporation target article. 
         [0013]    The carrier container has a side wall which surrounds a side wall of the carrier to heat the side wall of the carrier. 
         [0014]    The carrier container is a U-shaped member. 
         [0015]    The electrode connector is attached to the carrier container in the manner that the electrode connector closes a rear side of the carrier container to heat a rear side of the carrier installed in the carrier container. 
         [0016]    The vacuum evaporation heating assembly is made of one of tungsten, molybdenum, nichrome, carbon and carbon fiber. 
         [0017]    The present invention is a vacuum evaporation apparatus comprising: an evaporation chamber for a vacuum evaporation process; an electrode part which is installed in the evaporation chamber; and the above vacuum evaporation heating assembly which is installed on the electrode part and heats the carrier in which the evaporation material is filled. 
       Effect of the Invention 
       [0018]    A vacuum evaporation heating assembly and a vacuum evaporation apparatus comprising the vacuum evaporation heating assembly according to the present invention have the following effects. 
         [0019]    (1) The present invention can maximize evaporation efficiency by installing the vacuum evaporation heating assembly in an evaporative vacuum evaporation apparatus or a sputter-type vacuum evaporation apparatus in the manner that the open side of the vacuum evaporation heating assembly faces the jig of an evaporation target article, and by inserting the carrier, in which an evaporation material is filled, into the open side of the vacuum evaporation heating assembly to concentrate the evaporation material on the evaporation target article. 
         [0020]    (2) The present invention can make the evaporation material intensively reach the evaporation target article in only one direction with an angle of 30 degrees to 160 degrees even when the carrier is disposed in the center of the vacuum evaporation apparatus, thereby minimizing the loss of the evaporation material, maintaining its evaporation performance with the minimum number of the carriers, and reducing the costs for the evaporation material. 
         [0021]    (3) The present invention can decrease the number of the installed carriers to less than half the number of carriers installed in a conventional vacuum evaporation apparatus, thereby facilitating the change of the carriers, saving the time for changing the carriers and increasing the efficiency for changing the carriers. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0022]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a vacuum evaporation heating assembly according to the preferable embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0023]      FIG. 2  is an exploded perspective view of the vacuum evaporation heating assembly shown in  FIG. 1 . 
           [0024]      FIG. 3  is a perspective view showing that a carrier is installed in the vacuum evaporation heating assembly. 
           [0025]      FIG. 4  is a perspective view of a vacuum evaporation apparatus having the vacuum evaporation heating assembly of the present invention. 
           [0026]      FIG. 5  is a perspective view showing that the vacuum evaporation heating assembly of the present invention is installed on an electrode part of the vacuum evaporation apparatus. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0027]    Hereinafter, the preferable embodiment of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The relevant publicly known functions or structures will not be explained in detail herein if they are not necessary to understand the gist of the present invention. 
         [0028]      FIGS. 1 and 2  are a perspective view and an exploded perspective view of a vacuum evaporation heating assembly according to the preferable embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 3  is a perspective view showing that a carrier is installed in the vacuum evaporation heating assembly. 
         [0029]    As shown in  FIGS. 1-3 , the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  of the present invention is formed by manufacturing a carrier container  11  and an electrode connector  13  from a plate-shaped heating element which has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 3 mm. At least one side of the carrier container  11  is open, and the carrier  1  is installed in the carrier container  11 . The electrode connector  13  extends in both directions of the carrier container  11  to be connected to an electrode. The cylinder-shaped carrier  1  (Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2009-0011432), which is open in one direction  1   a  and has a diameter of 2 mm to 50 mm and a thickness of 1 mm to 20 mm, is inserted into the carrier container  11  and installed therein. 
         [0030]    Preferably, the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  is formed by manufacturing the carrier container  11  and the electrode connector  13  from a plate-shaped heating element which has a thickness of 0.2 mm. The top side  11   a  and the front side  11   b  of the U-shaped carrier container  11  are open. The rectangular plate-shaped electrode connector  13  extends in both directions of the carrier container  11  to be connected to the electrode. The cylinder-shaped carrier  1 , which is open in one direction la and has a diameter of 10 mm to 25 mm and a thickness of 5 mm to 10 mm, is inserted into the carrier container  11  through the open top side  11   a  of the carrier container  11  and is installed in the carrier container  11 . If the size or length of the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  is too small or short, it is difficult to form the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  and also it is not easy to install the carrier  1  in the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10 . If the size or length of the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  is too big or long, the carrier  1  is easily separated from the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  and the heat deflection resulting from the heat which is generated by a resistance makes the heat transfer to the carrier  1  difficult. Therefore, it will be preferable to properly select the size or length of the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10 . 
         [0031]    Tungsten, molybdenum, nichrome, carbons and carbon fibers may be used as the material of the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10 . Actually, tungsten is most preferable as the material of the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  because the price of tungsten is relatively low, the life of tungsten is long, and tungsten can be used in high temperature. The vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  is a resistance-heating type heating element which uses the heat which is generated from the resistance to which current is applied. 
         [0032]    The vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  comprises the carrier container  11  and the electrode connector  13 . 
         [0033]    The carrier container  11  is located approximately in the center of the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  and is a member in which the carrier  1  is installed. At least one side of the carrier container is open, through which the front open area  1   a  of the carrier  1  installed in the carrier container  11  faces the evaporation target article (not shown). The carrier container  11  has a side wall  11   c  which surrounds the side wall of the carrier  1  to heat the side wall of the carrier  1 . For example, the top side  11   a  of the carrier container  11  is open so as to allow insertion of the carrier  1  into the carrier container  11  from above, and the front side  11   b  of the carrier container  11  is open so that the front open area  1   a  of the carrier  1  is exposed towards the evaporation target article. The side wall  11   c  which includes the bottom side of the carrier container  11  may be manufactured to be a curve-shaped element—i.e., a U-shaped and plate-shaped heating element so as to heat the side wall of the carrier  1 . The present embodiment exemplifies that the carrier  1  is inserted into the carrier container  11  through the open top side  11   a  of the carrier container  11 , but the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the carrier  1  may be inserted into the carrier container  11  through the open front side  11   b  of the carrier container  11 . Furthermore, the carrier container  11  may have protrusions  12  on the both sides and the bottom side of the open front side  11   b , each of which is curved towards the inside of the carrier container  11  to prevent the carrier  1 , which is installed in the carrier container  11 , from being separated from the carrier container  11  through the open front side  11   b.    
         [0034]    The carrier container  11  is attached approximately to the center of the electrode connector  13  by a welding or inserting manner, and the electrode connector  13  is manufactured to be a rectangular plate-shaped heating element which is symmetrical to the carrier container  11 . The electrode connector  13  is connected to the electrode part  23  which is installed in the vacuum evaporation apparatus  20  (see  FIG. 4 ), and current is supplied to the electrode connector  13  so as to generate heat by resistance. Furthermore, the electrode connector  13  is cut from a plate to be a T-shaped plate in which the length from the horizontal end to the center of the T-shaped plate is  5  mm to 50 mm (30 mm is optimum), and the width of the vertical part of the T-shaped plate is 5 mm to 10 mm (10 mm is optimum) so as to easily secure both of the horizontal ends of the electrode connector  13  to the electrode part  23 . The electrode connector  13  is attached to the carrier container  11  in the manner of closing the rear side of the carrier container  11  so as to heat the rear side of the carrier  1  which is installed in the carrier container  11 . 
         [0035]    From one to thirty vacuum evaporation heating assemblies  10  are connected to the electrode bar  23   b  of the electrode part  23  (see  FIG. 5 ), which is installed on an electron beam-type or resistance-heating-type vacuum evaporation apparatus, a vertical-type or horizontal-type evaporator, or a vertical-type or horizontal-type sputter/resistance-heating-type vacuum evaporation apparatus, in series or in parallel in the manner that the open sides of the vacuum evaporation heating assemblies face in one to four directions. 
         [0036]    Hereinafter, the vacuum evaporation apparatus having the vacuum evaporation heating assembly of the present invention will be explained with reference to  FIGS. 4 and 5 . 
         [0037]      FIG. 4  is a perspective view of the vacuum evaporation apparatus having the vacuum evaporation heating assembly of the present invention.  FIG. 5  is a perspective view showing that the vacuum evaporation heating assembly of the present invention is installed on the electrode part of the vacuum evaporation apparatus. 
         [0038]    As illustrated in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , the vacuum evaporation apparatus  20  of the present invention comprises an evaporation chamber  21 , the electrode part  23  and the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10 . 
         [0039]    In the evaporation chamber  21 , a vacuum evaporation process is ongoing. The evaporation chamber  21  will not be explained in detail since it is publicly known. 
         [0040]    The electrode part  23  is installed in the evaporation chamber  21  and applies current to the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  which is installed on the electrode part  23 . The electrode part  23  comprises electrode supporters  23   a  which are installed vertically in the center of the evaporation chamber  21 , and electrode bars  23   b  which extend in one direction and in the other direction from the electrode supporter  23   a  are vertically arranged in pairs. The electrode connector  13  of the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  is attached to the end of the electrode bar  23   b  by a screw  23   c . The present embodiment exemplifies that the screw holes (not shown) are formed on both ends of the electrode connector  13  and the ends of the electrode connector  13  are attached to a pair of the electrode bars  23   b  by the screws  23   c . However, the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment. That is, the inserting holes (not shown) may be formed on both ends of the electrode connector  13 , and the protrusions (not shown) may be formed on the ends of a pair of the electrode bars  23   b , thereby inserting the protrusions of the electrode bars  23   b  into the inserting holes of the electrode connector  13 . 
         [0041]    From one to thirty vacuum evaporation heating assemblies  10 , which are connected to the electrode part  23  in series or in parallel in the manner that the open sides of the vacuum evaporation heating assemblies face in one to four directions, heats the carrier  1  in which the evaporation material is filled. The structure of the vacuum evaporation heating assembly will not be explained again since it was explained above with reference to  FIGS. 1 to 3 . 
         [0042]    As explained above, the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  of the present invention is installed on the electrode part  23  of the evaporative vacuum evaporation apparatus  20  or the sputter-type vacuum evaporation apparatus  20  in the manner that the open front side  11   b  of the carrier container  11  faces the jig of the evaporation target article (not shown), and the carrier  1 , in which the evaporation material is filled, is inserted into the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  through the open top side  11   a  of the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10 . Therefore, the evaporation material can be concentrated on the evaporation target article in the evaporation process, thereby maximizing its evaporation efficiency. 
         [0043]    The present invention can make the evaporation materials intensively reach the evaporation target article only in one direction with an angle of 30 degrees to 160 degrees even when the carrier  1  is disposed in the center of the vacuum evaporation apparatus  20 , thereby minimizing the loss of the evaporation material, maintaining its evaporation performance with the minimum number of the carriers  1 , and reducing the costs for the evaporation material. The present invention can decrease the number of the installed carriers  1  to less than half the number of the carriers installed in a conventional vacuum evaporation apparatus, thereby facilitating the change of the carriers  1 , saving the time for changing the carriers  1  and increasing its efficiency for changing the carriers  1 . 
         [0044]    The evaporation target article may be metals and glasses which are used in portable display electronics such as cell phones, smart phones, MP3 players, portable multimedia players (PMPs), digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) receivers, navigation products, tablet PCs and laptop computers; sheet type panels made from acrylic, PC (Poly Carbonate), PMMA (Poly Methyl Methacrylate), PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate), ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) copolymer and resins containing the mixtures thereof; and injection molding products such as cases, windows, keypads, functional key parts and various accessories. 
         [0045]    The evaporation target article is installed on the vacuum evaporation apparatus  20  having the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10 . In order to prevent scratches, fingerprints and contaminations of the surface of the evaporation target article and to remove fingerprints and contaminations from the surface of the evaporation target article, the water contact angle of the surface of the evaporation target article is set to 70 degrees to 130 degrees, and the oil (CH 2 I 2 ) contact angle of the surface of the evaporation target article is set to 80 degrees to 100 degrees, or the water contact angle of the surface of the evaporation target article is set to 60 degrees to 110 degrees, and the oil (CH 2 I 2 ) contact angle of the surface of the evaporation target article is set to 30 degrees to 80 degrees. 
         [0046]    Hereinafter, the method of manufacturing the vacuum evaporation heating assembly and the vacuum evaporation method using the same will be explained. 
       EXAMPLE 1 
       [0047]    The electrode connector is cut from a molybdenum plate having a thickness of 0.2 mm to have a width of 20 mm and a length of 100 mm to 150 mm (150 mm is optimum). The electrode connector is cut to be a T-shaped plate in which the length from the horizontal end to the center of the T-shaped plate is 5 mm to 50 mm (30 mm is optimum), and the width of the vertical part of the T-shaped plate is 5 mm to 10 mm (10 mm is optimum). The carrier container is cut from a molybdenum plate having a thickness of 0.2 mm to have a width of 5 mm and a length of 30 mm. The carrier container has toothed wheel shapes, each of which has a horizontal length of 3 mm and a vertical length of 3 mm at intervals of 3 mm on one side (i.e., rear side) of the carrier container. The carrier container has toothed wheel shapes, each of which has a horizontal length of 3 mm and a vertical length of 3 mm at intervals of 12 mm on the other side (i.e., front side) of the carrier container. The side which has the toothed wheel shapes at intervals of 3 mm is inserted into the semicircle-shaped inserting hole, which is disposed in the center of the electrode connector, and is folded downwards to secure the carrier container to the electrode connector. Then, the other side, which has the toothed wheel shapes at intervals of 12 mm, is folded in a normal direction to face inwards. 
       EXAMPLE 2 
       [0048]    The vacuum evaporation heating assemblies  10  manufactured in Example 1 are installed on a pair of the electrode bars  23   b , which are installed on the sputter-type vacuum evaporation apparatus  20  having a diameter of 1600 mm, and are vertically arranged in three rows (high, medium and low), at each of which two vacuum evaporation heating assemblies  10  are arranged in the manner that the open front sides  11   b  of the carrier containers  11  face in the opposite directions. Then, the carrier  1  is inserted into the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  through the open top side  11   a  of the carrier container  11  of the vacuum evaporation heating assembly  10  in the manner that the front open area la faces the evaporation target article. 
         [0049]    The evaporation target article, which is made from glass, is installed on a jig, and argon gas is introduced into the vacuum evaporation apparatus  20  when the vacuum evaporation apparatus  20  has a high vacuum state of 1.5×10 −5  torr. Then, plasma is activated with the power of 0.3 KW for 600 seconds so as to make the vacuum evaporation apparatus  20  have the vacuum state of 2.2×10 −2  torr. Then, the surface of the evaporation target article is activated. Using an Si target, oxygen gas and argon gas are applied with the power of 4.5 KW for 180 seconds so as to make the vacuum evaporation apparatus  20  have the vacuum state of 1.5×10 −3  torr, thereby generating an SiO 2  layer. 
         [0050]    A voltage of 3.5 V and a current of 288 A are applied to the evaporation heating assembly  10  of the present invention, into which the carrier  1 , in which an anti-fingerprint and anti-contamination coating agent is filled, is inserted, whereby the evaporation material from the heated carrier  1  is evaporated on the evaporation target article for 240 seconds. 
         [0051]    Table 1 shows the contact angle and durability of the evaporation target article which is evaporated by the anti-fingerprint and anti-contamination coating agent. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Initial 
                 Initial 
                 Wear- 
                 Chemical- 
                   
               
               
                   
                 angle 
                 angle 
                 resistance 
                 resistance 
                 Salt water 
               
               
                 Sample 
                 (H 2 O) 
                 (CH 2 I 2 ) 
                 (H 2 O) 
                 (H 2 O) 
                 (H 2 O) 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 Row 1 
                 116.2 
                 96.7 
                 113.1 
                 115.1 
                 115.3 
               
               
                 (High) 
               
               
                 Row 2 
                 117.2 
                 96.5 
                 112.6 
                 115.2 
                 115.1 
               
               
                 (Medium) 
               
               
                 Row 3 
                 116.8 
                 97.2 
                 113.2 
                 115.4 
                 115.5 
               
               
                 (Low) 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
       EXAMPLE 3 
       [0052]    Using the method explained in Example 2, a voltage of 3.5 V and a current of 288 A are applied to the evaporation heating assembly  10  of the present invention, into which the carrier  1 , in which the coating agent having good fingerprint visibility is filled, is inserted, whereby the evaporation material from the heated carrier  1  is evaporated on the evaporation target article for 240 seconds. Table 2 shows the contact angle and durability of the evaporation target article which is evaporated by the coating agent having good fingerprint visibility. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Initial 
                 Initial 
                 Wear- 
                 Chemical- 
                   
               
               
                   
                 angle 
                 angle 
                 resistance 
                 resistance 
                 Salt water 
               
               
                 Sample 
                 (H 2 O) 
                 (CH 2 I 2 ) 
                 (H 2 O) 
                 (H 2 O) 
                 (H 2 O) 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 Row 1 
                 81.2 
                 39.4 
                 74.5 
                 72.3 
                 75.1 
               
               
                 (High) 
               
               
                 Row 2 
                 81.3 
                 39.5 
                 74.5 
                 72.5 
                 74.4 
               
               
                 (Medium) 
               
               
                 Row 3 
                 81.4 
                 42.4 
                 73.4 
                 71.3 
                 75.5 
               
               
                 (Low) 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0053]    Although the particular embodiment of the present invention is explained above, it is noted that modifications and variations could be made by a person skilled in the art within the scope and spirit of the present invention. 
       REFERENCE NUMERALS 
       [0054]      10 : Evaporation heating assembly 
         [0055]      11 : Carrier container 
         [0056]      13 : Electrode connector 
         [0057]      20 : Vacuum evaporation apparatus 
         [0058]      21 : Evaporation chamber 
         [0059]      23 : Electrode part