Abstract:
A method for customizing end-user or administrative software documentation such as installation instructions is provided. A software provider first collects computer system information for multiple computer sub-systems used by a customer. The collected computer system information comprises sub-system descriptions of each of the multiple computer sub-systems, software descriptions of all software that is currently residing in each of the multiple computer sub-systems, and hardware descriptions of all hardware that are allocated to each of the multiple computer sub-systems. The software provider then receives, from the customer, the name of new software that is to be installed in a user-selected computer sub-system. Based on the collected computer system information, the software provider determines which specific device in the user-selected computer sub-system should have the new software installed. At run time, variables in the installation instructions are replaced with a device&#39;s name.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present disclosure relates to the field of computers, and specifically to software. Still more specifically, the present disclosure relates to software documentation for end-users and administrative tasks such as software installation. 
         [0002]    Administrative tasks such as software installation may be a tedious and confusing process. This tedium and confusion is exacerbated when a user must pore through extensive documentation and instructions, which may or may not be relevant to the software or the environment the software is being used in. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    A method for customizing software product documentation, such as installation instructions, is provided herein. A software provider first collects computer system information for multiple computer sub-systems used by a customer. The collected computer system information includes sub-system descriptions of each of the multiple computer sub-systems, software descriptions of all software that is currently residing in each of the multiple computer sub-systems, and hardware descriptions of all hardware that are allocated to each of the multiple computer sub-systems. The software provider then receives, from the customer, the name of new software that is to be managed (e.g., installed) in a user-selected computer sub-system. Based on the collected computer system information, the software provider determines which specific device in the user-selected computer sub-system should have the new software maintained/installed. At run time, variables in the administration/installation instructions are replaced with a device&#39;s name, and the instructions are filtered such that the user is presented with only germane instructions that have been customized for managing/installing the selected new software. 
         [0004]    The above as well as additional objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent in the following detailed written description. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0005]    The invention itself, as well as a preferred mode of use, further objects, and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: 
           [0006]      FIG. 1  depicts an exemplary computer in which the present invention may be implemented; 
           [0007]      FIG. 2  is a high-level flow-chart of exemplary steps taken to customize software installation instructions for a customer to read; and 
           [0008]      FIG. 3  presents additional detail of the customer&#39;s computer system. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0009]    As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, the present invention may be embodied as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects that may all generally be referred to herein as a “circuit,” “module” or “system.” Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product on a computer-usable storage medium having computer-usable program code embodied in the medium. 
         [0010]    Any suitable computer usable or computer readable medium may be utilized. The computer-usable or computer-readable medium may be, for example but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, device, or propagation medium. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a transmission media such as those supporting the Internet or an intranet, or a magnetic storage device. Note that the computer-usable or computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via, for instance, optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted, or otherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory. In the context of this document, a computer-usable or computer-readable medium may be any medium that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer-usable medium may include a propagated data signal with the computer-usable program code embodied therewith, either in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. The computer usable program code may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to the Internet, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc. 
         [0011]    Computer program code for carrying out operations of the present invention may be written in an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C++ or the like. However, the computer program code for carrying out operations of the present invention may also be written in conventional procedural programming languages, such as the “C” programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user&#39;s computer, partly on the user&#39;s computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user&#39;s computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user&#39;s computer through a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider). 
         [0012]    The present invention is described below with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatuses (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. 
         [0013]    These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. 
         [0014]    The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. 
         [0015]    With reference now to  FIG. 1 , there is depicted a block diagram of an exemplary computer  100 , with which the present invention may be utilized. Computer  100  is used by a software provider, which provides software, updates, service and/or support to a customer&#39;s computer  152 . Computer  100  includes a processor unit  104  that is coupled to a system bus  106 . A video adapter  108 , which drives/supports a display  110 , is also coupled to system bus  106 . System bus  106  is coupled via a bus bridge  112  to an Input/Output (I/O) bus  114 . An I/O interface  116  is coupled to I/O bus  114 . I/O interface  116  affords communication with various I/O devices, including a keyboard  118 , a mouse  120 , a Compact Disk-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) drive  122 , and a flash memory drive  126 . The format of the ports connected to I/O interface  116  may be any known to those skilled in the art of computer architecture, including but not limited to Universal Serial Bus (USB) ports. 
         [0016]    Computer  100  is able to communicate with a server  150  and the customer&#39;s computer  152  via a network  128  using a network interface  130 , which is coupled to system bus  106 . The customized instructions described below are provided to the customer&#39;s computer  152  by computer  100  (which may be operated by a software supplier/manager/updater service). The administration console  154  monitors which devices and software have been selected for software installation/management. Network  128  may be an external network such as the Internet, or an internal network such as an Ethernet or a Virtual Private Network (VPN). Server  150 , customer&#39;s computer  152  and/or administration console  154  may be architecturally configured in the manner depicted for computer  100 . 
         [0017]    A hard drive interface  132  is also coupled to system bus  106 . Hard drive interface  132  interfaces with a hard drive  134 . In one embodiment, hard drive  134  populates a system memory  136 , which is also coupled to system bus  106 . System memory  136  is defined as a lowest level of volatile memory in computer  100 . This volatile memory may include additional higher levels of volatile memory (not shown), including, but not limited to, cache memory, registers, and buffers. Code that populates system memory  136  includes an operating system (OS)  138  and application programs  144 . 
         [0018]    OS  138  includes a shell  140 , for providing transparent user access to resources such as application programs  144 . Generally, shell  140  (as it is called in UNIX®) is a program that provides an interpreter and an interface between the user and the operating system. Shell  140  provides a system prompt, interprets commands entered by keyboard  118 , mouse  120 , or other user input media, and sends the interpreted command(s) to the appropriate lower levels of the operating system (e.g., kernel  142 ) for processing. As depicted, OS  138  also includes kernel  142 , which includes lower levels of functionality for OS  138 . Kernel  142  provides essential services required by other parts of OS  138  and application programs  144 . The services provided by kernel  142  include memory management, process and task management, disk management, and I/O device management. 
         [0019]    Application programs  144  include a browser  146 . Browser  146  includes program modules and instructions enabling a World Wide Web (WWW) client (i.e., computer  100 ) to send and receive network messages to the Internet. Computer  100  may utilize HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) messaging to enable communication with server  150 . Application programs  144  in system memory  136  also include an Instruction Customization Program (ICP)  148 . ICP  148  performs the functions described below in  FIGS. 2-3 . 
         [0020]    The hardware elements depicted in computer  100  are not intended to be exhaustive, but rather represent and/or highlight certain components that may be utilized to practice the present invention. For instance, computer  100  may include alternate memory storage devices such as magnetic cassettes, Digital Versatile Disks (DVDs), Bernoulli cartridges, and the like. These and other variations are intended to be within the spirit and scope of the present invention. 
         [0021]    With reference now to  FIG. 2 , a flow-chart of exemplary steps taken to customize instructions is presented. Note that the “instructions” being customized are not computer-executable instructions, but rather are human language instructions utilized by a customer to install, maintain, update, or otherwise manage software or hardware that is provided to the customer&#39;s computer  152  (depicted in  FIG. 1 ). Thus, the customer may see a customized instruction such as “Install Program A in Server A”. This instruction is not computer executable, but rather provides the customer with guideline instructions for installing “Program A” onto “Server A.” In a preferred embodiment, the customized instruction provides more direction than the simple instruction to “Install Program A in Server B,” but rather provides a detailed step-by-step set of instructions for performing this installation task. In one embodiment, instead of providing the customer with only written instructions for the customer, these instructions may include links to webpages, hot-links to macros, or any other automatic or semi-automatic aid to the installation task. 
         [0022]    Still referring to  FIG. 2 , after initiator block  202 , which may be initiated by a customer deciding to install or otherwise manage software or hardware in the customer&#39;s computer system, a software service (using a computer such as computer  100  shown above in  FIG. 1 ) collects computer system information (block  204 ) about the customer&#39;s computer system (e.g., customer&#39;s computer  152  shown in  FIG. 1 ). This data may include the types of software and hardware used in the customer&#39;s computer system, the names given (either initially by a vendor or later by the customer) to each piece of software and/or hardware, and a description of each sub-system in the customer&#39;s computer system. For example, as shown in  FIG. 3 , a customer&#39;s computer system  302  (analogous to customer&#39;s computer  152  shown in  FIG. 1 ) is made up of multiple computer sub-systems, shown in an exemplary manner as sub-system  306  and sub-system  308 . Within each sub-system are multiple devices (e.g., devices  310   a - c  and devices  312   a - c  for respective sub-systems  306  and  308 ). Examples of such devices are servers, personal computers, storage devices, memories, processors, busses, networks, etc. Each device may or may not be Operating System (OS) specific/dependent. Each device may or may not be authorized to run a particular software application. 
         [0023]    Returning to  FIG. 2 , after the software service has collected information about the customer&#39;s computer system, the software service provides the customer with a choice of options, including the exemplary choice of which software the customer would like to install (block  206 ). This selection may be provided in a Graphical User Interface (GUI), which allows the customer to view options that are available to him for software (and/or hardware) management. The software service receives the customer&#39;s selection (block  208 ). 
         [0024]    Thus, returning to  FIG. 3 , assume for exemplary purposes that sub-system  306  is for the customer&#39;s accounting department, while sub-system  308  is for the customer&#39;s payroll department. (These examples are illustrative only. The sub-systems may be for different clients of the customer, different operating systems, or any other business or architecture division created by the customer.) The customer may know that he wants “Program A” installed in his payroll department (sub-system  308 ). Using the present invention, the customer does not need to know which device (e.g., which server) actually should install “Program A.” Because of the system information collected earlier, the software service knows that this program, if selected, is to be installed on device  312   a . If the user has selected a program that is not OS-compatible or otherwise not available for that customer and/or that sub-system (e.g., is not authorized for financial, security or other reasons), the software service can either send the customer an error message, or can automatically or semi-automatically (with a prompt to the customer) provide an alternate program that is authorized and compatible with the sub-system in which the customer wants to install the program. Alternatively, the software service can automatically or semi-automatically install the selected program on another sub-system that the software service has deemed appropriate based on the earlier collected system information. 
         [0025]    Returning now to  FIG. 2 , the software service provides the customer with options for which sub-system is to receive the new software (block  210 ). The customer sends the software service his selection (block  212 ). Note that in an alternative embodiment, the administration console  154  shown in  FIG. 1  can create a rule that identifies devices within different sub-systems of the customer&#39;s computer as being functionally related. That is, one server may be for creating paychecks while another server is for tracking vacation time while another server is for tracking income tax, but all are functionally related as being for “payroll.” Thus, the collected computer system information (collected in block  204 ) is utilized with this rule to identify these three servers as being functionally related, and thus the software selected by the user should be installed on all three servers, preferably in an automatic manner. That is, even if the user only selected one of the servers, the administration console or service provider will automatically install it on other servers. The same concept applies if the three servers discussed for payroll have the same functionality and software, but are simply backup/redundant systems. The customer-selected software will still be automatically installed on any backup/redundant server. 
         [0026]    At run time, the customer receives customized instructions for installing “Program A” on sub-system  308 . As shown by instructions  314  in  FIG. 3 , the customer is provided a reference link (which may be a “hot link”) for installing the user-selected “Program A” on the appropriate device (device  312   a ) in sub-system  308 . Note that the only instructions in the GUI  304  are those that are specific for the user-selected program and the user-selected sub-system. As noted above, the user does not need to decide which device is to receive the program, since this has been automatically performed by the software service. Furthermore, the customer sees only germane instructions (those related to installing the selected program), thus avoiding confusion and wasted time/resources that irrelevant instructions would cause. 
         [0027]    Note that while the present invention has been described as providing customized software installation instructions, the same process (including collecting computer system information) can be utilized to create customized (and narrowly tailored) instructions for software maintenance, hardware installation, etc. For example, by knowing what type of hardware architecture is being used in a customer&#39;s computer system, instructions for installing new hardware can be tailored for the exact system, thus avoiding problems that would result if the installation did not follow specific installation guidelines for that new hardware in that particular existing architecture. 
         [0028]    The present invention thus presents a mashup between product documentation and the software configuration data which results in a clear set of instructions based on the details of the systems being manipulated and the task that is being performed. Elements of the mashup include removal of information that is not relevant to the configuration, populating the documentation with values (for example, host names) retrieved from the configuration, and pre-filling forms and worksheets with actual configuration values so that they will be directly usable on the systems. 
         [0029]    Thus, as described herein, the present invention provides for both variable replacement as well as instruction filtering based on components discovered during a survey of a computer system. That is, after surveying the computer system, the administration (e.g., installation, maintenance, etc.) instructions are worded to be germane to only the relevant components discovered during the survey of the system. Furthermore, the administration instructions are filtered such that only instructions that are germane to the system are presented to the user. 
         [0030]    Note that the flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions. 
         [0031]    The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
         [0032]    The corresponding structures, materials, acts, and equivalents of all means or step plus function elements in the claims below are intended to include any structure, material, or act for performing the function in combination with other claimed elements as specifically claimed. The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. 
         [0033]    Having thus described the invention of the present application in detail and by reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be apparent that modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the invention defined in the appended claims.