Abstract:
An apparatus for pulling irrigation poly provides a transportable poly reel rig with a reel spool pivotally mounted to the reel rig. A manual primary brake is in hydraulic braking communication with the reel spool to manually control free spooling. A secondary brake, hydraulically integrated in a planetary gear drive connected to the spool, is activated automatically when hydraulic pressure falls below a safe level. A top alignment reel positioned under the reel spool, and a bottom alignment reel positioned under the top alignment reel, facilitate alignment of the reel spool with a well bore. A wire roller operating in concert with the reel spool facilitates attachment to and take-up of wire attached to the poly. Two or more hydraulic stabilizers stabilize the rig, as does a boom assembly mounted to the reel rig. Methods of using the apparatus utilize a smaller crew of operators than with prior apparatus.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0001]    This disclosure relates generally to rigs for pulling flexible water pipe from the ground and more particularly to a rig having a plurality of alignment reels and a secondary brake to inhibit free spooling. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    Modern irrigation systems employ subterranean pumps connected by lengths of flexible tubing in irrigation trenches and to a water supply. Although various types of flexible tubing are known, the most commonly used tubing today is a polyolefin, such as polyethylene, usually referred to by those in the industry as “poly.” The underground pump is typically electrically driven, so a power wire, cord or cable is typically attached to the flexible tubing, as by taping the cable to the tubing. 
         [0003]    In systems which have underground pumps for pumping water through long flexible plastic tubing of the type which has been described (hereafter “well flexible tubing”), tubing installation and removal has tended to be a difficult operation since these procedures are labor intensive and time consuming. It is not unusual for a crew of five or six people to be deployed to pull poly from the ground to replace or maintain a pump. 
         [0004]    There are various reasons why it is necessary to pull the well tubing from the irrigation trenches. On occasion, it is necessary to access the underground pump, either for servicing or replacement, or because the pump must be relocated at a different elevation in the ground. In the past, when removal of the submersible pump was necessary, often the pump had to be physically removed from the ground as by raising the pump by the flexible water pipe or tubing. Since irrigation trenches can be hundreds of feet long, this results in hundreds of feet of length of the flexible water pipe and associated electrical wiring which must be accommodated. Removal of underground pumps, as well as the removal of other types of irrigation and servicing devices, such as coiled tubing, has previously been accomplished by a variety of methods. In small plots, where the weight of the pump and the length of the flexible water pipe tubing is relatively small, physical manual hoisting of the pump and pipe has sometimes been used. 
         [0005]    Various mechanical devices have been developed over the years for removing other types of well devices. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,502,641 to Carriere, et al. shows a coiled tubing rig which includes a frame, a tiltable mast and an injector reel. The mast can be tilted to a position that aligns the coiled tubing with the BOP. However, this device is not used as a device for pulling a submersible pump from a well. 
         [0006]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,188,997 is an early patent showing a well pump service apparatus. This patent attempts to align the cable with the well bore by means of a permanent well sheave which is supported by frame members  26 . It also appears to be a fixed type installation. 
         [0007]    U.S. Pat. No. 5,848,641 shows a well pump puller. Modem water wells are drilled into the ground with the well bore either being uncased, or being protected by a casing which is sunk into the well. Typically, a submersible pump is then run down the well bore on flexible tubing and submerged Although this reference shows a cylindrical drum and a companion guide, it does not appear that the cylindrical drum pivots from the horizontal to a vertical position. 
         [0008]    U.S. Pat. No. 3,589,642 shows a device for controlling the fleet angle of a cable being spooled onto a drum. It uses a mast for guiding a well logging apparatus such as the sonde being lowered and raised from a well bore. 
         [0009]    U.S. Pat. No. 3,116,781 shows a well workover apparatus  20  including a cylindrical drum  12  and a yoke mechanism  18 . 
         [0010]    U.S. Pat. No. 3,991,978 shows a submersible pump boom which can be used for pulling or replacing a submersible pump. 
         [0011]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,986,351 shows a device used for pump removal which includes a collar which is secured to the upper end of a well casing. 
         [0012]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,523,645 shows an apparatus for removing reeved material from a wellbore such as a cable, electrical line or fluid conductor. 
         [0013]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,296,916 shows another type of device for pulling submersible pumps from a well bore. 
         [0014]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,673,035 is another apparatus which deals with a coil tubing operation. This reference does appear to show a cylindrical drum ( 25  in  FIG. 1 ) which may be elevated to allow the operation of the apparatus with elevated well heads. 
         [0015]    U.S. Pat. No. 5,996,971 shows another type of well pipe hoist which is secured to the well casing at the top of the well. 
         [0016]    While the above references, and others, show a variety of devices which have been used in the past for raising and lowering flexible tubing from a well bore, a need continues to exist for an improved submersible pump puller which is simple in design, economical to manufacture and requires a small crew of human operators than prior designs and methods. 
         [0017]    A need also exists for such a device which can be portably mounted for transport from one well location to another. 
         [0018]    A need also exists for such an apparatus which evenly centers the vertical axis of the flexible tubing being fed into the well bore over the central vertical axis of the bore hole, so that contact between the flexible tubing and the sides or upper lip regions of the well casing is largely avoided. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0019]    The apparatus of the invention can be used in an improved method for lowering and pulling a submersible pump from a well bore where the pump is supported on a length of flexible tubing initially wound up on a take up reel. In the first step of the method, portable base frame, on which a rig is mounted, is transportable from one well location to another. The portable base frame is supported in a horizontal plane with respect to a surrounding support surface such as the ground, whereby the cantilever arm is capable of pivoting movement in a plane generally parallel to the plane of the base frame. 
         [0020]    A pair of oppositely arranged support arms are mounted on the pivot frame, each of the support arms being pivotally mounted at an inner extent on the base frame and a cantilever arm and having an opposite outer extent. Each of the support arms is provided with a telescoping extension portion, which are telescopically mounted with respect to the outer extent of each of the support arms for extension and retraction with respect to the support arms. 
         [0021]    A cylindrical take up reel is provided having opposing sides separated by a central region for accumulating the flexible tubing, each of the opposing sides of the cylindrical take up reel being supported on the portable base frame by connection to the cantilever arm. A primary pivot mechanism has a first end attached to the frame and has a second end pivotally attached to the cantilever arm whereby actuation of the primary pivot mechanism serves to pivot the support arm and, in turn, the cylindrical take up reel between a collapsed horizontal position on the base frame and an extended, upright position. 
         [0022]    Alignment reels are mounted to the pivot mechanism and alignment reel controllers are attached to the frame and hydraulically connected to the alignment reels to adjust the position of the alignment reels both vertically, horizontally, and in alternative embodiments telescopically, whereby the position of the alignment reels can be accurately centered with respect to a vertical axis of a well bore, even where the frame is not positioned to center the take up reel over the well bore, to be accessed for raising and lowering the submersible pump into the well bore. 
         [0023]    In the first step of using the apparatus, the base frame is typically transported to a well site adjacent a well bore having a vertical well axis. The primary pivot mechanism is then actuated to raise the cantilever arm and, in turn, the take up reel from a collapsed position to a work position which is vertically oriented with respect to the vertical axis of the well bore with the submersible pump being centered up as much as possible with respect to the well bore vertical axis. 
         [0024]    The position of the alignment reels can be further adjusted by actuating the alignment reel controllers to cause the alignment reels to move in a desired path with respect to the base frame, thereby further centering the submersible pump and take up reel over the vertical axis of the well bore. 
         [0025]    The take up reel is then actuated to dispense a required length of flexible tubing so that the submersible pump is gradually lowered into the well bore. When the desired depth is reached, the upper end of the flexible tubing is secured at the well head. 
         [0026]    A primary brake, within a hydraulic pressure line, is manually engaged with controllers to up or down shift the planetary gears for controlled spooling. A secondary brake within a planetary gear system is engaged automatically every time the primary brake is engaged to limit free spooling of the spool as well as when an operational parameter, such as hydraulic pressure, is exceeded. For example, if hydraulic pressure is reduced due a ruptured hose, the secondary brake engages automatically. 
         [0027]    For extra safety, the boom apparatus can be deployed to stabilize the rig and the frame during operations. 
         [0028]    In addition to providing mechanisms for improved alignment and safety, the present invention is sufficiently safe and automated that poly pipe can be pulled by the rig with no more than 2 human operators, providing a much more economical solution to pump pulling than is presently available. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0029]    For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure, and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
           [0030]      FIG. 1  is an isometric proximate side view of a poly pulling rig of the present invention. 
           [0031]      FIG. 2  is an isometric perspective exterior view of a secondary brake planetary gear box of a rig of the present invention. 
           [0032]      FIG. 3  is an isometric view of hydraulic controllers for a rig of the present invention. 
           [0033]      FIG. 4  is an isometric front view an alignment reel of a rig of the present invention. 
           [0034]      FIG. 5  is an isometric of a detail of a rig of the present invention depicting an hydraulic telescoping stabilizer. 
           [0035]      FIG. 6  is an isometric distal view of the rig of  FIG. 1 , in a stowed position. 
           [0036]      FIG. 7  is an isometric proximate view of the rig of  FIG. 6 , depicting a boom assembly. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0037]    The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting embodiments that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processes and manufacturing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the invention herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claimed invention. 
         [0038]    Turning now to  FIG. 1 , there is shown an apparatus  11  for raising and lowering a length of flexible poly pipe in an irrigation system, where the pump is run on a length of flexible tubing (not shown). In the example illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the flexible tubing is poly ethylene tubing, also referred to colloquially as “poly.” As will be appreciated from the drawings, the apparatus of the invention includes a portable base  17  of a generally polygonal configuration, in this case a rectangular frame. The frame is made up of front and rear elongate members  19 ,  21 , and elongate side members  23 ,  25 . The frame  17  can be made of any convenient sturdy material, e. g., channel iron or the like. As will be appreciated from  FIG. 1 , the frame  17  is supported on a pair of axles  27 ,  29  and associated wheels  31 ,  33 , so that the frame can be transported from one well location to another. A trailer hitch is provided to hook up apparatus  11  to a pickup or other suitable transport vehicle. The frame could also be transferred in other ways as, for example, by being skid mounted, or truck or trailer mounted. 
         [0039]    As also will be appreciated from  FIG. 1 , the wheels  31 ,  33  and axles  27 ,  29  support frame  17  in a substantially horizontal plane with respect to the ground. Hydraulic struts or stabilizers  18  are adjustable between a retracted position and the extended position once the base frame has been temporarily positioned. 
         [0040]    Cantilever arms  61  ( FIG. 1 ),  63  ( FIG. 8 ), shown in  FIG. 1  in their vertical orientation, are pivotally mounted to support members  41 , 43 , on frame  17  at pivot point  51  so that they can be raised for pulling operations, and lowered to a substantially horizontal orientation for transport. Each pivot mechanism, in this case paired hydraulic cylinders  64 ,  65 , has a cylinder body mounted to frame  17  forward of support members  41 ,  43 , and an telescoping extension shafts  54 , 55 . 
         [0041]    The hydraulic cylinders  41 ,  43 , as well as the other hydraulic cylinders used in the apparatus, are of conventional design and are commercially available from a number of convenient sources. They are hydraulically powered by a hydraulic motor as will be well understood by those skilled in the relevant arts. 
         [0042]    The cylindrical take up reel ( 81  in  FIG. 1 ) has opposing sides  84 ,  85 , and a central region extending between the opposing sides for accumulating the continuous roll of flexible tubing on a spool. Each of the opposing sides  84 ,  85 , of the cylindrical take up reel is supported on the portable base frame  17  by connection to the extension portions  54 ,  55  of each of the respective support arms  64 ,  65 . 
         [0043]    With reference now to  FIGS. 1 and 5 , it will be seen that the cantilever arms  61  ,  63  and the telescoping extensions  64 ,  65  are each pivoted between a vertical or horizontal position by a primary pivot mechanism as described above for cantilever arms  61 ,  63 . Actuation of the primary pivot mechanism serves to pivot the cantilever arms and telescoping extensions  54 ,  55  and, in turn, the cylindrical take up reel between the horizontal position, and the vertical, upright position. 
         [0044]    Alignment reels  71 ,  73  are attached to respective support members  77 ,  78 , that position the alignment reels under take up reel  81  to guide the poly hose onto take up spool  81 . Situated on support member  77  is primary brake  75 , which provides an automatic fluid-driven shut off mechanism, wherein a shut-off valve closes when fluid in the brake hosing reaches a pre-determined pressure. Primary brake  75  is manually engaged when control levers (See,  FIG. 3 ) are in a neutral position. Primary brake  75  provides a hydraulic shut off valve activated by the release of a manual lever controller which drives the reel in motion. That is, the shut off valve creates a closed circuit. The advantage of the alignment reels  71 ,  73 , both top and bottom, is to keep the rig  11  apparatus centered to the casing at the bottom of the pump well (the casing can be steel pipe or pvc pipe). It is advantageous to align the present apparatus over the pump well so that the well casing is not engaged at the wrong angle so as to damage to the casing. Additionally, if the rig is not entirely positioned to the well properly, such as may be the case where the terrain does not permit positioning the rig to the well, than the alignment reel controllers (see,  FIG. 3 ) that control the alignment reels can be operated to assist getting the hose and pump angled and aligned properly. 
         [0045]    When laying poly pipe to an electric pump, it is necessary to provide electricity to the pump. To this end, rig operators attach wire to the poly pipe periodically along its length as the poly unspools. Mounted on frame  17  between cantilever arms  64 ,  65  and support members  41 ,  43  is wire roller  50  which unspools wire for attachment to the poly pipe during pipe unspooling, and which takes up the wire during poly pipe pulling. 
         [0046]    As can be seen in  FIG. 1 , support arm  61  mounts to a commercially available gear reduction unit  89 .  FIG. 2  provides a detailed exterior view of secondary brake  89 . While a variety of commercially available gear reduction units might be utilized, the particular unit illustrated utilizes a planetary gear system  210  in which a hydraulic motor  220  drives the center gear of the unit on either side of the take up reel. Motor  220  is controlled, in part, via hydraulic fluid conduits  222 ,  224 ,  226 . A ring gear is turned by a set of planetary gears to provide a desired gear reduction. The ring gear is, in turn, attached to the proximate main hub  89  upon which a cylindrical drum is mounted. There is an identical arrangement on the distal, opposite, side of the cylindrical drum and hub. 
         [0047]    Reel and spool  89  and wire roller  50  are hydraulically controlled by by controllers mounted to base  17 , as shown in  FIG. 3 . Lever  310  labeled “REEL” controls the spool which one of the human operators controls. Below spool controller  310  and reading from left to right are the labels:
       ← Stabilizer (controls left stabilizer) 311     →Stabilizer (controls right stabilizer)  312     REEL Lift (lifts the entire reel) 313     Threader/Wire Roller (controls the wire roller and threader) 314         
 
         [0052]    Further to the right, hydraulic controllers  321 ,  322 ,  323 ,  324 , identified by labels displaying “GUIDE,” in vertical and horizontal orientations, control positioning of the alignment reels  71 ,  73  horizontally and vertically, as shown. Although the embodiments of the present invention are described herein using hydraulic controllers and brakes, the description is intended as merely illustrative of a particular embodiment and not to limit the scope of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that other suitable types of controllers, such as electrical or pneumatic, for example, may be implemented as matter of engineering design choice. 
         [0053]    Alignment reel  71  is shown from the rear of rig  11  in  FIG. 4 . From this perspective, proximate secondary brake  210  and its hydraulic control conduits  222 A,  224 A, as described in  FIG. 2 , are on the left by reel  84 . Corresponding distal secondary brake  210 B and its hydraulic control conduits  222 B,  224 B are visible by reel  85 . 
         [0054]      FIG. 5  is a perspective rear view detail of rig  11 . Rear proximate telescoping stabilizer  18  assists stabilizing rig  11  by extending or retracting a telescoping member of the stabilizer as dictated by the topology of the underlying surface, such as a roadway or irrigation field. A corresponding stabilizer (not shown) is preferably provided on the distal side of rig  11 , as well. 
         [0055]      FIG. 6  is an isometric distal side view of rig  11  and  FIG. 7  is an isometric proximate side view of rig  11 . An additional safety feature of rig  11  is boom member  610 , shown partially disassembled in  FIG. 6  so that the front end of boom  610  rests on the rig  11  trailed bed. Hydraulically telescoping boom front support member  612  is pivotally connected to boom  610  and to stabilizer  18  to assist raising boom  610  to its operational horizontal position (see,  FIG. 7 ) and lowering boom  610  when rig  11  is not in use. Plate  614  provides notches  616  which engage rear boom support member  710  (see,  FIG. 7 ). A boom assembly having boom  610 , front boom support member  612 , and rear boom support member  710  advantageous helps stabilize rig  11  during spooling or pulling operations, particular from torque, twisting, forces that might be encountered during operation, when, for example, resistance in pulling a poly pipe is encountered by rig  11  on uneven terrain. 
         [0056]    The general operation of the apparatus of the invention will now be briefly described. The apparatus of the invention can be used in an improved method for lowering and pulling a submersible pump from a well bore where the pump is supported on a length of flexible tubing initially wound up on a take up reel. In the first step of the method, portable base frame  17  on which rig  81  is transportable from one well location to another. The portable base frame  17  is supported in a horizontal plane with respect to a surrounding support surface such as the ground, whereby the cantilever arm  61  is capable of pivoting movement in a plane generally parallel to the plane of the base frame. 
         [0057]    A pair of oppositely arranged support arms  64 ,  65 , are mounted on the pivot frame  17 , each of the support arms being pivotally mounted at an inner extent on the base frame  17  and cantilever arm  61  and having an opposite outer extent. Each of the support arms  64 ,  65 , is provided with a telescoping extension portion  54 ,  55 , respectively, which are telescopically mounted with respect to the outer extent of each of the support arms for extension and retraction with respect to the support arms. 
         [0058]    A cylindrical take up reel  81  is provided having opposing sides  84 ,  85  separated by a central region for accumulating the flexible tubing, each of the opposing sides of the cylindrical take up reel being supported on the portable base frame by connection to the cantilever arm. A primary pivot mechanism  41  has a first end attached to the frame  71  and has a second end pivotally attached to the cantilever arm whereby actuation of the primary pivot mechanism serves to pivot the support arm and, in turn, the cylindrical take up reel between a collapsed horizontal position on the base frame  17  and an extended, upright position. 
         [0059]    Alignment reels  71 ,  73  are mounted to pivot mechanism  41  and alignment reel controllers  321 ,  322 ,  323 ,  324  are attached to frame  17  and hydraulically connected to the alignment reels to adjust the position of the alignment reels both vertically, horizontally, and telescopically, whereby the position of the alignment reels can be accurately centered with respect to a vertical axis of a well bore, even where frame  17  is not positioned to center take up reel  81 , to be accessed for raising and lowering the submersible pump into the well bore. 
         [0060]    In the first step of using the apparatus, the base frame  17  is typically transported to a well site adjacent a well bore having a vertical well axis. The primary pivot mechanism is then actuated to raise the cantilever arm and, in turn, the take up reel from a collapsed position to a work position which is vertically oriented with respect to the vertical axis of the well bore with the submersible pump being centered up as much as possible with respect to the well bore vertical axis. 
         [0061]    The position of the alignment reels can be further adjusted by actuating the alignment reel controllers to cause the alignment reels to move in a desired path with respect to the base frame, thereby further centering the submersible pump and take up reel over the vertical axis of the well bore. 
         [0062]    The take up reel  81  is then actuated to dispense a required length of flexible tubing so that the submersible pump is gradually lowered into the well bore. When the desired depth is reached, the upper end of the flexible tubing is secured at the well head. 
         [0063]    Primary brake  75  is engaged automatically to limit free spooling of spool  81  when an operational parameter, such as hydraulic pressure, is exceeded. For example, if hydraulic pressure is reduced due a ruptured hose, the primary brake engages automatically. Primary brake  75  is manually engaged when levers are in a neutral position. Primary brake  75  provides a hydraulic shut off valve activated by the release of a manual lever controller which drives the reel in motion. That is, the shut off valve creates a closed circuit. Secondary brake  89  can be manually engaged with controllers to up or down shift the planetary gears for controlled spooling. A secondary brake within the planetary gear system is engaged automatically every time primary brake  75  is engaged to limit free spooling of the spool as well as when an operational parameter, such as hydraulic pressure, is exceeded. For example, if hydraulic pressure is reduced due a ruptured hose, the secondary brake engages automatically. 
         [0064]    For extra safety, the boom apparatus can be deployed to stabilize rig  81  and frame  17  during operations. 
         [0065]    In addition to providing mechanisms for improved alignment and safety, the present invention is sufficiently safe and automated that poly pipe can be pulled by the rig with no more than  2  human operators, providing a much more economical solution to pump pulling than is presently available. 
         [0066]    An invention has been provided with several advantages. The submersible pump puller of the invention is simpler in design and less costly to produce than the prior art pump setting rigs and vertical towers. It is not necessary to have a crane present at the well site for the servicing operation. The apparatus of the invention is ideally suited for servicing water wells, but can also be used for other related tasks, such as pumping water off the top portion of a gas or oil well. The three separate degrees of movement of the components of the apparatus provide extremely accurate centering of the take up reel over the well bore being serviced. The apparatus is portable and can easily be transported over a roadway to another well site with only a short take down time being involved. 
         [0067]    While the invention has been shown in only one of its forms, it is not thus limited but is susceptible to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit thereof.