Abstract:
A rhythmic motion driver having a case containing flywheels and a guide along which the flywheels move linearly while rotating. A spring is within the case that compresses and expands in response to oscillatory motion of a bar that extends through an opening in the case. The spring compression and expansion is slowed but not dampened by the movement of the flywheels.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates broadly to exercise machines. 
     2. Discussion of Related Art 
     In the field relating to sport training devices and exercise machines, the prior art is, with few exceptions, devoted to machines in which the user moves continually or repeatedly against a resisting force. But the prior art overlooks the significant advantages of combining basic mechanical technologies in a way that allows a machine to translate the exertions of the user into a controlled rhythmic motion that in turn has sufficient momentum, independently of the user&#39;s body weight, to act back upon the user, coaxing him to assume the rhythmic pattern of motion produced by the machine. 
     The current invention, a rhythmic motion driver, is intended to be a basic machine unit, able to be easily employed in a large variety of ways. The invention makes possible a new method of machine-assisted exercise and recreational body movement, based upon inducing a user to maintain a rhythm with his hands, feet, or body. As an alternative to working only against a resisting force, as in most currently existing machines in this field, it becomes possible with the invention to work in resonance with a rhythmic motion. 
     Currently existing user-powered exercise machines tend to stop, or return to an initial position and stop, at the moment a user ceases his exertions, because the motion of the machine is resisted. Indeed, much attention in the prior art has understandably been focused upon providing a suitable means of resistance to the force exerted by the user. The work expended by the user of the machines in this field, is expended in overcoming such resistance, whether by lifting a weight, compressing or extending a spring, bending a flexible rod, turning a flywheel against a restraining force, or by moving against a pneumatic, hydraulic or electromagnetic resistance device, and it is this work that provides the essential benefit of these machines to the user, such as muscle building or aerobic training. 
     However, continually working against a resisting force produces an experience that is inherently motivational only for a few; it is an experience of work only, and much of the motivation is usually not the experience itself, but the desire for the perceived benefit. Whereas, a more a playful movement, such as a movement to the rhythm of dance, for example, is inherently motivational for many. Despite the fact that there is work being done, the body experiences pleasure in “going with” a movement that seems, in turn, to carry it along. The rhythmic method of machine exercise, which does in fact carry the body along to some degree in a rhythmic pattern has, therefore, a distinct motivational advantage over the all-work experience of action against a resisting force. And because the exercise experience itself is more pleasurable, the rhythmic method of machine exercise is less likely than existing machines to be abandoned by the user when the novelty of it has worn off, and is therefore likely to contribute significantly to the commercial market and to the total amount of machine exercise actually being done. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The rhythmic motion driver is a self-contained unit with the rhythmic action immediately utilizable by attaching a handle, pedal or moving structural component, to an attachment bar of the driver. This self-contained characteristic of the driver offers further considerable advantages over machines built with an elaborate specific configuration for a particular type of exercise, because employing the driver in various ways makes possible the simple construction of a wide range of exercisers. The driver, with attached handle, can be secured to a wall or doorway, for example, for use in its simplest form. In more complex forms, a suitable frame can be designed to secure the driver, or a number of drivers, in a particular position that puts the rhythmic motion along any desired path. Simple adjustable but stationary mountings on a frame, allowing the rhythmic motion driver unit to be adjusted as to position and angle, make possible custom machine configurations without re-designing the structural elements of a machine. 
     Further, by having a frame hold in position separate rhythmic motion drivers, each hand of a user, for example, can be compelled into a rhythmic motion independently of the other hand. A new element of machine versatility is automatically introduced by such a configuration, because a user can change the exercise being performed simply by exerting a greater effort in resonance with, or in resistance to, the rhythmic motion of one hand than he does in regard to the motion of the other hand. Acting to enhance or resist the rhythmic motion will slowly change the rhythm of the driver. The user can, for example, move gradually and seamlessly from a rhythmic pattern wherein the motions of the two hands move exactly opposite to each other, to a pattern where the two hands are moving back and forth together. A simple arrangement of multiple rhythmic motion drivers can therefore introduce significant elements of variety and change, as well as challenges of coordination, into the exercises performed. 
     But most notable perhaps of all the unique features of rhythmic motion machine exercise, is that more than one rhythmic motion driver can be joined together, such a combination imparting to one pedal, for instance, two independent rhythmic motions perpendicular to each other simultaneously. The result of such an arrangement is that the path of the pedal can assume a number of shapes in a single plane, such as circular or a generally elliptical figure, or, if the period of the motion in one direction is about twice as fast as in the other direction, even a figure eight pattern. In the most usual case, with a generally elliptical shape of the pedal path, appropriate exertions can cause the axes of the elliptical figure to rotate, so that the path will change gradually from an ellipse elongated horizontally to an ellipse elongated vertically and so forth. In this way, all points within a defined area of a plane are possible positions of such a pedal as it moves along one path or another, in stark contrast to any existing machine. 
     Many combinations are made possible by the independence of multiple rhythmic motions, but a further notable arrangement can be accomplished by joining to the two perpendicular rhythmic motions mentioned above, a third independent rhythmic motion perpendicular to each of the other two. Such an arrangement can be used to incorporate the third physical dimension into the path of a handle, for instance, so that the handle makes generally oscillating helical paths that can be varied by the user in a way that makes all points within a defined three dimensional space possible positions of the handle as it moves along one path or another. Either the two dimensional or three dimensional configurations of independent rhythmic motion thus possible allow a freedom and variability of movement of the limbs or body that is unequalled by any existing machine. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING 
     FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a rhythmic motion driver in accordance with a first embodiment. 
     FIG. 1B is an enlarged perspective view of area  1 B of FIG.  1 A. 
     FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the center rod with helical tracks as seen in FIG. 1A but with the tubular outer housing removed. 
     FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the flywheel of FIG.  1 B. 
     FIG. 4 is a front view of an engagement cylinder of FIG.  3 . 
     FIG. 5 is a cross-section across  5 — 5  of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 6A is a cross-section across  6 A— 6 A of FIG.  5 . 
     FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of area  6 B of FIG.  6 A. 
     FIG. 6C is an enlarged view of area  6 C of FIG.  6 A. 
     FIG. 7A is a partially broken longitudinal view of a rhythmic motion driver in accordance with a second embodiment. 
     FIG. 7B is a cross-section across  7 B— 7 B of FIG.  7 A. 
     FIG. 7C is a cross-section across  7 C— 7 C of FIG.  7 A. 
     FIG. 7D is an enlarged view of area  7 D of FIG.  7 A. 
     FIG. 8A is partially broken plan view of rhythmic motion driver in accordance with a third embodiment. 
     FIG. 8B is a cross-section across  8 B— 8 B of FIG. 8A, 
     FIG. 9 is a perspective view of one rhythmic motion driver of FIGS. 1-6C and two rhythmic motion drivers of FIGS. 7A-7D connected to each other in succession at their centers and shown ready for use. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     FIG. 1 shows the rhythmic motion driver  10  that includes a first member that is a securable framework of the invention. In the preferred embodiment, a tubular outer housing  11  may be clamped or otherwise secured to a stationary object to hold the rhythmic motion driver  10  rigid in a desired position. 
     A second member of the invention is the multiple flywheel assembly  12 , which is mounted with respect to the first member so that the assembly is free to move in a low-friction guided linear path, in either direction. Any suitable guiding means producing only a low-friction linear movement of the assembly  12  with respect to the framework may be used. 
     In this embodiment the guiding means consists of three pairs  15  of assembly guide bearings mounted at evenly spaced intervals around a first end  13  of the multiple flywheel assembly  12  and three assembly guide bearing pairs  15  mounted around a second end  14  of the multiple flywheel assembly. The pairs of bearings ride upon three linear tracks  16  along the interior length of the driver outer housing  11 . Consequently, the assembly  12  is free to move like a smaller cylinder within and along the length of the cylindrical or tubular driver outer housing  11 . 
     The multiple flywheel assembly  12  includes an attachment mounting, or attachment bar  17 , to which an object, such as a pedal, may be fastened by standard attachment means by being mounted rigidly on a multiple flywheel assembly housing  21 . Standard attachment means is exemplified by using two holes  20  in the bar  17  to which an object can be bolted at a first end  18  of the bar, while a second end  19  of the attachment bar  17  is attached to the multiple flywheel assembly  12 . A force applied to a handle, for example, that is attached to the attachment bar  17 , will apply a force to the multiple flywheel assembly  12 . The attachment bar  17  extends from the multiple flywheel assembly housing  21  out through a slot  22  in the driver outer housing, so that an object is connected to the assembly by being attached to the attachment bar  17  outside the driver housing  11 . 
     The multiple flywheel assembly  12  is basically a cage to hold an angular momentum storage means, or set of flywheels  23 , in position and rotatably mounted. The assembly  12  is subject to being forced along a center rod  24  passing through the flywheel&#39;s hollow core. The center rod in this embodiment has four helical tracks  25  coiling along its surface which engage bearings  26  around the inner core of the flywheels, causing the flywheels to spin as the flywheel assembly is forced along its linear path. The center rod  24 , the helical tracks  25  and the engagement bearings  26 , form an engagement means disposed within the driver outer housing  11 . The center rod and the flywheels  23  are attached to the driver outer housing  11 . 
     The effect of such arrangement is to make the multiple flywheel assembly  12 , which is a relatively light object, easily lifted in one hand, behave, in terms of inertia and momentum, as though it had many times more mass than it actually has. Its linear movement is always accompanied by a corresponding angular momentum in the flywheels  23 . In other words, a large force must be applied to the assembly  12  to move it significantly along the linear guide tracks  16 , and once it is moving, a similarly large force must be applied to stop it. 
     Opposing such linear movement of the multiple flywheel assembly  12  are springs  27 , attached by appropriate means to assembly housing end caps  30  at a first end  28  of the spring, and to an interior back plate  32  of the outer housing end caps  31  at a second end  29  of the spring. The springs  27  tend always to return the multiple flywheel assembly to a center position, resulting in an oscillating system producing slow periodic motion with the momentum of a heavy object. A frequency of the oscillating system in the approximate range of ½ to 2 cycles per second is contemplated for most uses of the driver as a component of an exercise machine. The frequency of the assembly oscillation can be varied by varying a number of factors, including the mass and number of flywheels used, the number of turns of the helical tracks upon the center rod per unit of linear movement, and the strength of the springs. 
     In greater detail, the multiple flywheel assembly  12  includes the tubular assembly housing  21 , closed at either end by two assembly housing end caps  30 . Individual flywheel units  33  of just small enough diameter slide smoothly and securely into the assembly housing  21 . Each individual flywheel unit  33  has a flange  34  across its rim that slides into a groove  35  along the interior length of the assembly housing  21 , keeping the flywheel units  33  from rotating within the assembly housing  21 . The assembly housing end caps  30  are attached immovably to the assembly housing by being screwed on to the housing at each housing end, putting pressure on the individual flywheel units to help keep them immoveable within the assembly housing  21 . 
     The individual flywheel unit  33  includes, in this embodiment, an inner cylindrical section and an outer cylindrical section. The inner cylindrical section or inner casing  36 , which is smaller in diameter than the outer cylindrical section, fits into the outer cylindrical section or outer casing  37 . Each cylindrical section is closed at its outer end by a side plate  38 . The side plates  38  provide two flat, parallel, interior surfaces  39  inside the casing for the rotational bearing means to rotatably mount the flywheels  23 . The bearing means in this embodiment includes a circular groove  40  on each interior surface  39  of the side plates  38 , which groove matches in diameter and placement a circular groove  41  on each flat surface of the flywheel&#39;s disk. By such arrangement, the flywheel  23  may be sandwiched between two rings of ball bearings  42 . The balls of each such ring ride in both the circular groove  41  on the flywheel&#39;s disk on one side, and in the circular groove  40  on the casing side plates  38  on the other side. Such bearing means allows the flywheels to be rotatably mounted while the inner core of the flywheel can remain hollow to let the center rod  24  pass through it. 
     The inner casing  36  of an individual flywheel unit  33  may be inserted into the outer casing  37  and then rotated until the flange section  43  on the inner casing is locked in as the middle section in line with the flange sections  44  on the outer casing, forming a single flange  34  which slides into the linear groove  35  along the interior cylindrical wall of the assembly housing. Such an arrangement holds the inner casing  36  and the outer casing  37  of the individual flywheel units together, while keeping the individual flywheel units from rotating within the assembly housing  21 . 
     A slot  45  in the outer casing  37  allows the inner casing flange section  43  to slide through the outer casing when the inner casing is first inserted into the outer casing before being rotated. 
     The flywheel  23  itself has four cylinder holes  46  bored through it from four points, each  90  degrees from its neighbor, around the rim of the flywheel, through to the flywheel&#39;s hollow core. A flywheel engagement cylinder  47  fits into each of the four cylinder holes  46 , so that core ends  48  of the flywheel engagement cylinders  47  impinge on the center rod  24  from four directions. 
     The engagement cylinder  47  is cut at the core end  48  into two equal faces  49  along planes intersecting at approximately at right angles. Upon these faces two flywheel engagement bearings  26  are mounted by bolting or otherwise securing a bearing inner ring  50  to the cylinder face  49 . In this manner, the freely turning weight bearing outer rims  51  of the bearings form a V-shaped end  52  to the engagement cylinder  47 . 
     When the flywheel  23  is in a position along the center rod  24  so that one of the four helical tracks  25  along the center rod is directly in the center of each cylinder hole  46  at the core of the flywheel, the engagement cylinders  47  fit fully inserted into the cylinder holes  46  at the appropriate angle of rotation so that each V-shaped cylinder end  52  rests upon both sides of the helical track  25 , and the engagement bearings  26  roll upon the helical tracks as the flywheel  23  spins. Each of the four helical tracks  25  along the center rod  24  is aligned with one of the four engagement cylinders  47  of the flywheel  23 . A force on the multiple flywheel assembly  12  in one direction forces the engagement bearings to bear down upon, and roll along one side of each of the tracks, making the flywheels spin in one direction, and a force in the opposite direction upon the flywheel assembly forces the bearings to bear down upon, and roll along the other side of the tracks making the flywheel spin in the opposite direction. 
     The four engagement cylinders  47  are each provided with a linear engagement cylinder flange  53  along its outer length. The cylinder flange  53  fits into a linear groove  54  along the interior length of the cylinder hole  46  to keep the engagement cylinders  47  in the proper rotational alignment. To keep the engagement cylinders  47  locked in a fully inserted position into the flywheel, four lock pins  55  are inserted into cylindrical lock pin holes  57  in the flywheel  23 , perpendicular to the flywheel&#39;s plane of rotation. They pass through appropriately placed holes  57  in the engagement cylinders, corresponding to a fully inserted cylinder. The lock pins  55  have a threaded end  58  which tightens into a threaded end section  59  of the cylinder lock pin hole  56 . 
     The center rod  24  is securely and immovably attached to the driver outer housing end caps  31  by fastening means appropriate to resist a force in any direction, especially along its length as well as any rotational force. The fastening means comprises, in this embodiment, a square nut-like section  60  near the end of the rod, such section  60  fitting into in a square depression  61  in the interior flat surface  32  of the outer housing end caps, thus resisting rotational movement. The extreme end sections  62  of the center rod  24  are cylindrical and threaded, allowing them to fit through a round hole  63  in the end cap  31  and be tightened against the end caps with a nut  64 . The outer housing end caps  31  are in turn held from any rotational movement by three short outer housing flanges  65  running parallel to the center rod, each flange  65  being equidistant from its neighbors. The flanges  65  are around the cylindrical outer surface of the driver outer housing  11  at the ends of the housing. The outer housing flanges  65  slide into corresponding end cap grooves  66  on the interior cylindrical surface  67  of the outer housing end caps  31 . 
     The center rod  24 , with the helical tracks  25  upon its surface, is thus rigidly attached to the driver outer housing through the outer housing end caps. The center rod  24 , the helical tracks  25 , and the flywheel engagement bearings  26  at the core of the flywheels, constitutes the flywheel engagement means in this embodiment of the invention. 
     The six preferred components of the rhythmic motion driver are therefore clear: first, the framework or driver outer housing  11 , second, the moveable assembly  12  having an attachment mounting, third, the set of flywheels  23 , fourth, the engagement means for the flywheels, fifth, the spring and sixth, the guiding means for the assembly, including in this preferred embodiment several parts as follows. 
     The guiding means for the multiple flywheel assembly  12  includes three linear tracks  16  mounted at  120  degree intervals around the interior cylindrical wall of the outer housing. Each track extends along the length of the outer housing. The three pairs of bearings  15  mounted around each end of the multiple flywheel assembly  12 , upon the assembly housing  21 , ride upon the three linear tracks  16 . The assembly guiding bearing pairs  15  are arranged and mounted in a similar way to the engagement bearings at the ends of the flywheel engagement cylinders; that is, each guide bearing  68  of the guide bearing pair  15  is bolted or otherwise secured by its inner ring  69  to one of two faces  70  of a bearing mounting  71 , leaving a space between the bearings into which the linear track  16  fits. The two faces  70  of the bearing mounting  71  are at an angle to one another and the sides of the linear track  16  are angled in a corresponding way, so that the outer rims  73  of the guide bearings  68  touch both sides of the track  16 . Such an arrangement holds the guide bearings  68  on the track and prohibits any other movement but the rolling of the bearings along the track. The bearing mountings  71  are rigidly fastened to the flywheel assembly housing  21 . 
     Additionally, the multiple flywheel assembly housing end caps  30  preferably have back plates  74  that are rotatable, to which the springs  27  are attached. Such arrangement offers two advantages. First, the natural slight twisting of the spring, as it is compressed and extended, does not exert a twisting force upon the multiple flywheel assembly, because the twisting turns only the backplates  74 . Second, the rotatable back plate allows for ease of assembling the rhythmic motion driver, in that the multiple flywheel assembly  12  can be inserted into the driver outer housing  11  with the springs  27  having been attached to the flywheel assembly. The rotatable back plate allows the springs freedom to be rotated and aligned with the spring attachment means, or spring holder  80  on the interior flat back surface  32  of the outer housing end caps  26 . 
     In this embodiment the circular rotatable back plate  74  of the assembly housing end cap  31  is rotatably mounted to the end cap by two concentric interlocking rings, an outer ring  75  and an inner ring  76 . The inner ring  76  is attached rigidly to a rigid flat back plate  77  of the end cap  31 , and the outer ring is attached to the rotatable back plate  74 . The inner ring  76  has a lip  78  on its outer cylindrical surface, such lip extending outward. The outer ring  75  has a lip  79  on its inner cylindrical surface extending inward under lip  78  of the inner ring. 
     The frequency of the oscillation of the rhythmic motion driver can be adjusted in several ways. The length of the multiple flywheel assembly housing  21  can be varied to accommodate more or fewer individual flywheel units  33 . The more flywheel units there are, the more angular momentum is produced with the linear movement of the assembly and therefore the slower the frequency of the oscillation. Alternately, some individual units can be left empty, with no flywheel inside so that fewer engaged flywheels will produce less angular momentum and therefore a faster period to the oscillation. 
     Another possible adjustment is to make the helical tracks upon the center rod have more or fewer turns per unit of linear distance along the rod. Again, such adjustments will affect the amount of angular momentum produced and therefore affect the period of the oscillation. 
     Finally, varying the strength of the springs  27 , will affect both the period of the oscillation and the amount of exertion required to maintain the oscillation, with a stronger spring producing a faster period, as well as requiring a greater exertion to move the flywheel assembly  12  back and forth. 
     Turning to FIGS. 7A-7D, a first alternative embodiment of the rhythmic motion driver  110  includes an extended rectangular outer housing  111  as a first member, and a multiple flywheel assembly  112 , with flywheels  123  mounted on axles  123 A so that their plane of rotation is parallel with the linear motion of the flywheel assembly  112  itself. 
     Such an arrangement is not quite as efficient its use of internal space as the preferred embodiment, since the flywheels cannot fill the entire rectangular space through which they sweep. The flywheels in the preferred embodiment, in contrast, sweep through the entire cylindrical space of their corresponding outerhousing. The first alternative embodiment  110  must therefore be slightly larger than the preferred embodiment to accommodate an equivalent angular momentum. Nevertheless, embodiment  110  utilizes parts that are more conventional and is therefore somewhat easier to manufacture. 
     The flywheels  123  are engaged by using a rack and pinion system with the center rod and helical tracks of the preferred embodiment replaced by a toothed bar  124  that engages a gear  126  mounted co-axially with, and rigidly with respect to each set of two flywheels. The toothed bar  124  extends through the multiple flywheel assembly and is attached at either end to the ends of the outer housing  111 . Inside the multiple flywheel assembly the toothed bar is forced to mesh with the gear  126  by a roller  125  rotatably mounted on the assembly and pressing against the side of the bar opposite the gear, so that the toothed bar is sandwiched between the roller and the gear. 
     As in the preferred embodiment, the multiple flywheel assembly  112  is guided along the length of the outer housing by pairs of bearings  115  mounted on the assembly  112 , which bearings ride upon linear tracks  116  attached to and running the length of the outer housing  111 . Also as in the preferred embodiment, an attachment bar  117  is attached to the multiple flywheel assembly  112  and extends through a slot  122  in the outer housing. 
     As in the preferred embodiment, the linear motion of the multiple flywheel assembly is resisted by springs  127  attached to the multiple flywheel assembly and the ends of the outer housing. 
     Turning to FIGS. 8A-8B, a second alternative embodiment is illustrated generally at  210 , and employs a rack and pinion system to engage flywheels  223 , as in the first alternative embodiment. In the second alternative embodiment the guiding means controlling the movement of one member of the rhythmic motion driver with respect to the other is a pivot, eliminating the need for the track and bearing guiding systems in the other embodiments. This embodiment must be even larger and somewhat more bulky than the first alternative embodiment, but the trade off is that fewer parts are required and therefore manufacture is even easier. An effect of using a pivot as a guiding means is that the path of an attachment bar  217  is an arcuate path. 
     This further embodiment of a rhythmic motion driver  210  includes flywheels  223  rotatably mounted to the outer frame  211 , and gears  226  mounted rigidly and co-axially with respect to the flywheels. The gears  226  are engaged by a partial wheel  224  having a toothed edge. The wheel  224  is rotatably or pivotally mounted to the frame  211 . 
     While it would obviously be possible to mount the flywheels  226  on the pivotable wheel  224  inside of a movable flywheel assembly, and engage them with a stationary arcuate toothed bar attached to the frame, in a fashion analogous to that in the previous embodiments, the illustrated second alternative embodiment offers a simpler configuration. 
     An attachment bar  217  is fixed to the pivotable wheel  224  and extends through a slot in the outer frame  211 . The motion of the attachment bar  217  is therefore accompanied by simultaneous angular momentum in the flywheels  223 , and is at the same time resisted by a spring  227 , attached at one end to the frame  211  and at the other end to the pivotable wheel  224 , creating an oscillating system as in the previous embodiments. The spring  227  in the present embodiment is resisting a smaller movement than in the previous embodiments, and is therefore considerably stronger. 
     FIG. 9 shows the manner in which the rhythmic motion driver  10  may be used when connected at its center to one rhythmic motion driver  110 , which in turn is connected at its center to a further rhythmic motion driver  110 . Each of the rhythmic motion drivers  10 ,  110 ,  110 , are arranged to extend in perpendicular directions to each other, thereby being arranged in three perpendicular planes. 
     Thus, the user may effect movements in three different planes of movement. For instance, an elliptical oscillatory movement may be obtained in each plane. 
     LIST OF DESCRIPTIVE REFERENCE NUMBERS 
       10 . a rhythmic motion driver illustrated generally 
       11 . a driver outer housing 
       12 . a multiple flywheel assembly 
       13 . a first end of the multiple flywheel assembly 
       14 . a second end of the multiple flywheel assembly 
       15 . a pair of assembly guide bearings 
       16 . a linear assembly guide track 
       17 . an attachment bar 
       18 . a first end of the attachment bar 
       19 . a second end of the attachment bar 
       20 . a hole in the attachment bar at the first end of the bar 
       21 . a multiple flywheel assembly housing 
       22 . a slot in the driver outer housing 
       23 . a flywheel 
       24 . a center rod 
       25 . a helical track 
       26 . a flywheel core engagement bearing 
       27 . a spring 
       28 . a first end of a spring 
       29 . a second end of a spring 
       30 . a multiple flywheel assembly housing end cap 
       31 . an outer housing end cap 
       32 . an interior flat black surface of the outer housing end cap 
       33 . an individual flywheel unit 
       34 . a flywheel unit flange 
       35 . a linear groove along the interior cylindrical wall of the assembly housing 
       36 . a flywheel unit inner casing 
       37 . a flywheel unit outer casing 
       38 . a flywheel unit casing side plate 
       39 . an interior surface of the flywheel unit casing side plate 
       40 . a circular groove on the interior surface of the casing sideplate 
       41 . a circular groove on a flat surface of the flywheel disk 
       42 . a ring of ball bearings 
       43 . a flywheel unit inner casing flange section 
       44 . a flywheel unit outer casing flange section 
       45 . a flywheel unit outer casing slot 
       46 . a flywheel engagement cylinder hole 
       47 . a flywheel engagement cylinder 
       48 . a flywheel core end of the flywheel engagement cylinder 
       49 . a flat engagement cylinder end face 
       50 . an engagement bearing inner ring 
       51 . an engagement bearing outer rim 
       52 . a V-shaped end of the engagement cylinder 
       53 . a linear engagement cylinder flange 
       54 . a linear groove in the engagement cylinder hole wall 
       55 . an engagement cylinder lock pin. 
       56 . a cylindrical lock-pin hole in the flywheel 
       57 . cylindrical lock-pin holes in the engagement cylinder 
       58 . a threaded end of the lock-pin 
       59 . a threaded end section of the cylindrical lock-pin hole 
       60 . a square nut-like section of the center rod near each end 
       61 . a square depression at the center of the interior flat surface of the outer housing end cap 
       62 . a threaded extreme end section of the center rod 
       63 . a round hole in the center of the flat back surface of the outer housing end cap 
       64 . a center rod end nut 
       65 . an outer housing end flange 
       66 . an outer housing end cap groove 
       67 . an interior cylindrical surface of the outer housing end cap 
       68 . one of a pair of guide bearings 
       69 . an inner ring of a guide bearing 
       70 . a face of a guide bearing mounting 
       71 . a guide bearing mounting 
       72 . a side of the guide bearing track 
       73 . an outer rim of a guide bearing 
       74 . a rotatable back plate of the flywheel assembly end cap 
       75 . an end cap outer ring 
       76 . an end cap inner ring 
       77 . a rigid back plate of the flywheel assembly end cap 
       78 . a lip on the end cap inner ring 
       79 . a lip on the end cap outer ring 
       80 . a spring fastener or holder 
       110 . a first alternative embodiment of the rhythmic motion driver, illustrated generally 
       111 . an extended rectangular outer housing 
       112 . a multiple flywheel assembly 
       115 . a pair of bearings 
       116 . a linear track 
       117 . an attachment bar 
       122 . a slot in the outer housing 
       123 . a flywheel 
       124 . a toothed bar 
       125 . a roller 
       126 . a gear 
       127 . a spring 
       210 . a second alternative embodiment of the rhythmic motion driver, illustrated generally 
       211 . an outer frame 
       217 . an attachment bar 
       222 . a slot in the frame 
       223 . a flywheel 
       224 . a partial toothed wheel 
       226 . a gear 
       227 . a spring