Abstract:
The present invention is directed to novel cyclopropanated macrocyclic ketone and lactone compounds of the general formula: 
     
       
                 
         
             
             
         
       
       
         
           
             wherein X is an atom or a functional group selected from the group consisting of O, N, S, R—CH, and CH2; 
             wherein R is a C1-C3 alkyl group; 
             wherein Y and W independently represent is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group, optionally substituted, consisting of less than 10 and preferably less than 7 carbon atoms; and 
             wherein O is an oxygen atom, 
             and the use of these novel compounds in creating fragrances and scents in items such as perfumes, colognes, and personal care products.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a divisional of U.S. Ser. No. 11/674,523, filed Feb. 13, 2007 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,482,380, now allowed, which is a continuation-in-part of the U.S. Ser. No. 11/386,957, filed Mar. 22, 2006 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,485,668, now allowed, which is a continuation-in-part of the U.S. Ser. No. 11/105,626, filed Apr. 14, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,189,881. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to new chemical entities and the incorporation and use of the new chemical entities as fragrance materials. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     There is an ongoing need in the fragrance industry to provide new chemicals to give perfumers and other persons ability to create new fragrances for perfumes, colognes and personal care products. Those with skill in the art appreciate how differences in the chemical structures of the molecules can result in significant differences in the odor, notes and characteristics of the molecules. These variations and the ongoing need to discover and use the new chemicals in the development of new fragrances allow perfumers to apply new compounds in creating new fragrances. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides novel chemicals, and the use of the chemicals to enhance the fragrances of perfumes, toilet waters, colognes, personal products, fabric care products, and the like. 
     More specifically, the present invention is directed to the novel cyclopropanated macrocyclic compounds, represented by the general structure set forth below: 
     
       
                 
         
             
             
         
      
     
     wherein X is an atom or a functional group selected from the group consisting of O, N, S, R—CH, and CH2; wherein R is a C1-C3 alkyl group selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, and isopropyl; wherein Y and W independently is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group, possibly substituted, consisting of less than 10 and preferably less than 7 carbon atoms. 
     Another embodiment of the invention is a method for enhancing a perfume by incorporating an olfactory acceptable amount of the compounds provided above. 
     Another embodiment of the invention is a method for enhancing a perfume by incorporating an olfactory acceptable amount of a compound of structure set forth below: 
     
       
                 
         
             
             
         
      
     
     These and other embodiments of the present invention will be apparent by reading the following specification. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     In Formula I above, wherein Y and W independently is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group consisting of less than 10, preferably less than 7 carbon atoms. Suitable linear alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, and the like. Suitable branched alkyl groups include isopropyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, isohexyl, isoheptyl, 2-ethyl-propyl, and the like. Suitable alkenyl groups include ethene, propene, 1-butene, 2-butene, penta-1,3-deine, hepta-1,3,5-triene, and the like. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the novel compounds of the present invention are represented by the following structures: 
     
       
                 
         
             
             
         
      
       
                 
         
             
             
         
       
     
     Those with the skill in the art will appreciate that: 
     the compound of Formula III is bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecan-4-one; 
     the compound of Formula IV is 9-oxa-bicyclo[15.1.0]octadecan-8-one; 
     the compound of Formula V is bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-5-one; 
     the compound of Formula VI is bicyclo[15.1.0]octadecan-9-one; 
     the compound of Formula VII is 5-oxa-bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-6-one; 
     the compound of Formula VIII is 3-methyl-bycyclo[13.1.0]hexadecane-5-one; 
     the compound of Formula IX is bicyclo[12.1.0]pentadecan-3-one; 
     the compound of Formula X is 3-methyl-6-oxa-bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecane-7-one; and 
     the compound of Formula XI is bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-8-one. 
     The table below lists additional compounds derived from Formula I that are covered in the present invention: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 W 
                 Y 
                 X 
                 Compound 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 CH 2   
                 (CH 2 ) 4   
                 CH 2   
                 Bicyclo[7.1.0]decan-3-one 
               
               
                 CH 2   
                 (CH 2 ) 5   
                 CH 2   
                 Bicyclo[8.1.0]undecan-3-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 3   
                 (CH 2 ) 5   
                 CH 2   
                 Bicyclo[10.1.0]tridecan-5-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 5   
                 (CH 2 ) 5   
                 CH 2   
                 Bicyclo[12.1.0]pentadecan-7-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 5   
                 (CH 2 ) 5   
                 CH 2   
                 Bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecan-7-one 
               
               
                 CH 2   
                 (CH 2 ) 5   
                 O 
                 4-Oxa-bicyclo[8.1.0]decan-3-one 
               
               
                 CH 2   
                 (CH 2 ) 5   
                 S 
                 4-Thia-bicyclo[8.1.0]decan-3-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 5   
                 (CH 2 ) 5   
                 O 
                 7-Oxa-bicyclo[12.1.0]pentadecan-8-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 5   
                 (CH 2 ) 5   
                 S 
                 7-Thia-bicyclo[12.1.0]pentadecan-8-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 5   
                 CH(CH 2 ) 4   
                 CH 
                 Bicyclo[12.1.0]pentadec-8-en-7-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 9   
                 C(CH 3 )HCH 2   
                 CH 2   
                 3-Methyl-bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecane-5- 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 9   
                 C(CH 2 CH 3 )HCH 2   
                 CH 2   
                 3-Ethyl-bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecane-5- 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 9   
                 C(CH 3 )HCH 2   
                 O 
                 3-Methyl-4-oxa- 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecane-5-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 9   
                 C(CH 2 CH 3 )HCH 2   
                 O 
                 3-Ethyl-4-oxa- 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecane-5-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 9   
                 C(CH 3 )HCH 2   
                 S 
                 3-Methyl-4-thia- 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecane-5-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 9   
                 C(CH 2 CH 3 )HCH 2   
                 S 
                 3-Ethyl-4-thia- 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecane-5-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 9   
                 C(CH 3 )HCH 2   
                 N 
                 3-Methyl-4-aza- 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecane-5-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 9   
                 C(CH 2 CH 3 )HCH 2   
                 N 
                 3-Ethyl-4-aza- 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecane-5-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 8 CH(CH 3 ) 
                 (CH 2 ) 3   
                 O 
                 15-Methyl-5-oxa- 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-6-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 8 CH(CH 2 CH 3 ) 
                 (CH 2 ) 3   
                 O 
                 15-Ethyl-5-oxa- 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-6-one 
               
               
                 (CH 2 ) 6 (CH) 2 CH(CH 3 ) 
                 (CH 2 ) 3   
                 O 
                 15-Methyl-5-oxa- 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadec-13-en-6-one 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     The compounds of the present invention may be prepared from corresponding alkenes via Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation reaction, which is a stereospecific synthesis of cyclopropenes by treatment of olefins Zn-CU couple or diethyl zinc and methylene iodide in tert-butyl methyl ether as a solvent. 
     As described in the Examples below, compounds of Formulae III-XI may be prepared via Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation reaction from the corresponding alkenes of the compounds set forth below: 
     
       
                 
         
             
             
         
      
       
                 
         
             
             
         
       
     
     The alkenes of Formulae XII-XX are commercially available fragrance products. The compound of Formula XII is cyclopentadec-4-enone and is available from International Flavors &amp; Fragrances Inc., New York, N.Y. under the trade name Musk Z-4. The compound of Formula XIII is oxacycloheptadec-9-en-2-one and is available from International Flavors &amp; Fragrances Inc., New York, N.Y. under the trade name Ambrettolide. The compound of Formula XIV is cyclohexadec-5-enone and is commercially available under the trade names Velvione from Givaudan and Ambretone from Takasago. The compound of Formula XV is cycloheptadec-9-enone and is commercially available under the trade name Civettone. The compound of Formula XVI is oxacyclohexadec-12-en-2-one. The compound of Formula XVII is 3-methyl-5-cyclopentadecene-1-one and is commercially available under the trade name of Muscenone. Preparation of 3-methyl-5-cyclopentadecene-1-one is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,720,303. The compound of formula XVIII is cyclotetradec-2- and or 3-ene-1-one and is available from the International Flavors &amp; Fragrances Inc. New York, N.Y. The compound of Formula XIX is 12-methyl-14-cyclotetradec-9-enolide, preparation of which is described in EP 908 455 A1. The compound of Formula XX is a cyclohexadec-3-enone and is commercially available from Symrise under the trade name Globanone. 
     Those with skill in the art will recognize that the compounds of the present invention have a number of chiral centers, thereby providing numerous isomers of the claimed compounds. It is intended herein that the compounds described herein include isomeric mixtures of such compounds, as well as those isomers that may be separated using techniques known to those having skill in the art. Suitable techniques include chromatography such as HPLC, and particularly gel chromatography and solid phase microextraction (“SPME”). 
     We have discovered that the compounds of Formulae III-X have musk, sweet, powdery, floral tones that are well suited for use as fragrance ingredients. 
     We have also discovered that a mixture of the compound of Formula XI and its precursor, the compound of Formula XX, a mixture of bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-8-one and cyclohexadec-3-enone, possesses olfactory properties that are superior to those of the above pure compounds when taken alone. For example, the mixture of bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-8-one and cyclohexadec-3-enone at a ratio of 7:3 exhibits stronger sweet floral tones than pure bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-8-one or pure cyclohexadec-3-enone. The preferred ratio of the compound of the present invention to its precursor is from about 1.5:1 to about 4:1. The most preferred ratio is 3:1. 
     Another embodiment of the invention is a method for enhancing a perfume by incorporating an olfactory acceptable amount of the compound of structure below: 
     
       
                 
         
             
             
         
      
     
     Preparation of the compound of Formula II is described in Eugene a. Mash et al., Journal of Organic Chemistry 61, page 2743, year 1996. The compound of Formula II is known as bicycle[12.1.0]pentadecan-2-one. 
     The use of the compounds of the present invention is widely applicable in current perfumery products, including the preparation of perfumes and colognes, the perfuming of personal care products such as soaps, shower gels, and hair care products as well as air fresheners and cosmetic preparations. The present invention can also be used to perfume cleaning agents, such as, but not limited to detergents, dishwashing materials, scrubbing compositions, window cleaners and the like. 
     In these preparations, the compounds of the present invention can be used alone or in combination with other perfuming compositions, solvents, adjuvants and the like. The nature and variety of the other ingredients that can also be employed are known to those with skill in the art. 
     Many types of fragrances can be employed in the present invention, the only limitation being the compatibility with the other components being employed. Suitable fragrances include but are not limited to fruits such as almond, apple, cherry, grape, pear, pineapple, orange, strawberry, raspberry; musk, flower scents such as lavender-like, rose-like, iris-like, carnation-like. Other pleasant scents include herbal and woodland scents derived from pine, spruce and other forest smells. Fragrances may also be derived from various oils, such as essential oils, or from plant materials such as peppermint, spearmint and the like. 
     A list of suitable fragrances is provided in U.S. Pat. No. 4,534,891, the contents of which are incorporated by reference as if set forth in its entirety. Another source of suitable fragrances is found in  Perfumes, Cosmetics and Soaps,  Second Edition, edited by W. A. Poucher, 1959. Among the fragrances provided in this treatise are acacia, cassie, chypre, cyclamen, fern, gardenia, hawthorn, heliotrope, honeysuckle, hyacinth, jasmine, lilac, lily, magnolia, mimosa, narcissus, freshly-cut hay, orange blossom, orchid, reseda, sweet pea, trefle, tuberose, vanilla, violet, wallflower, and the like. 
     Olfactory effective amount is understood to mean the amount of compound in perfume compositions the individual component will contribute to its particular olfactory characteristics, but the olfactory effect of the perfume composition will be the sum of the effects of each of the perfumes or fragrance ingredients. Thus the compounds of the invention can be used to alter the aroma characteristics of the perfume composition, or by modifying the olfactory reaction contributed by another ingredient in the composition. The amount will vary depending on many factors including other ingredients, their relative amounts and the effect that is desired. 
     The level of compound of the invention employed in the perfumed article varies from about 0.005 to about 10 weight percent, preferably from about 0.5 to about 8 and most preferably from about 1 to about 7 weight percent. In addition to the compounds other agents can be used in conjunction with the fragrance. Well known materials such as surfactants, emulsifiers, polymers to encapsulate the fragrance can also be employed without departing from the scope of the present invention. 
     Another method of reporting the level of the compounds of the invention in the perfumed composition, i.e., the compounds as a weight percentage of the materials added to impart the desired fragrance. The compounds of the invention can range widely from 0.005 to about 70 weight percent of the perfumed composition, preferably from about 0.1 to about 50 and most preferably from about 0.2 to about 25 weight percent. Those with skill in the art will be able to employ the desired level of the compounds of the invention to provide the desired fragrance and intensity. 
     The following are provided as specific embodiments of the present invention. Other modifications of this invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Such modifications are understood to be within the scope of this invention. As used herein all percentages are weight percent unless otherwise noted, ppm is understood to stand for parts per million and g is understood to be grams. IFF as used in the examples is understood to mean International Flavors &amp; Fragrances Inc. 
     EXAMPLE A 
     Preparation of Bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecan-4-one 
     To a dry 500 ml multi-neck round bottom flask fitted with an air stirrer, nitrogen inlet condenser and an addition funnel 2.7 g of 94% 4-cyclopentadecen-1-one and 50 ml of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred for 5 minutes. 21.8 ml of 1.1 M Et 2 Zn were added slowly. The temperature of the mixture rose to 35° C. After the temperature of the mixture stabilized, 23 g of CH 2 I 2  were added while stirring. The mixture was heated to 60° C. In about 60 minutes a first sample of the product was taken. The mixture was left to age overnight. Next morning, the mixture was quenched with saturated NH 4 Cl, aqueous layer separated and the organic layer washed with NaHCO 3 . The organic layer was then dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 . The gas chromatography test indicated that 74.4% of the starting alkene ketone converted to the cyclopropanated ketone. 
     The NMR spectrum of bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecan-4-one is as follows: 0.6 ppm (m, 1H); 0.7 ppm (s, 2H); 0.9 ppm (m, 1H); 1.1 ppm (s, 1H); 1.2-1.4 ppm (m, 12H); 1.5 ppm (m, 5H); 1.7 ppm (m, 2H); 1.8 ppm (m, 1H); 2.1 ppm (s, 1H); 2.3-2.5 ppm (m, 3H); 3.6 ppm (m, 1H). 
     EXAMPLE B 
     Preparation of 9-Oxa-bicyclo[15.10]octadecan-8-one 
     To a dry 500 ml multi-neck round bottom flask fitted with an air stirrer, nitrogen inlet condenser and an addition funnel 8 g of ZnCu, 26 g of CH 2 I 2 , 100 ml of Et 2 O and 2 crystals of 12, were added and stirred. 12 g of oxacycloheptadec-8-en-2-one were added to the mixture and the mixture was heated to reflux. In 4 hours, first sample was taken at 35° C. The mixture was left to age overnight. Next morning, the mixture was quenched with saturated NH 4 Cl, aqueous layer separated and the organic layer washed with NaHCO 3 . The organic layer was then dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 . The gas chromatography test indicated that 8.1% of the starting alkene lactone converted to the cyclopropanated lactone. 
     The NMR of 9-oxa-bicyclo[15.1.0]octadecan-8-one is as follows: 0.0-0.2 ppm (m, 1H); 0.3 ppm (s, 1H); 0.4 ppm (s, 1H); 0.5 ppm (s, 1H); 0.8 ppm (m, 1H); 1.3 ppm (s, 14H); 1.6 ppm (m, 6H); 1.8 ppm (d, 1H); 2.0 ppm (m, 2H); 2.3 ppm (s, 2H); 4.1 ppm (m, 2H); 5.1 ppm (m, 1H). 
     EXAMPLE C 
     Preparation of bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-5-one 
     To a dry 500 ml multi-neck round bottom flask fitted with an air stirrer, nitrogen inlet condenser and an addition funnel 2.9 g of 5-cyclohexadecene-1-one and 25 ml of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) were added. 21.8 ml of 1.1 M solution of Et 2 Zn in toluene was added via syringe while stirring. 23 g (6.9 ml) of CH 2 I 2  was added all at once. The mixture was heated to 60° C. and the first sample was taken. The gas chromatography test indicated that 76.3% of the starting alkene ketone converted to the cyclopropanated ketone. 5 ml of Et 2 Zn were added to the mixture and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours. A second sample was taken. The gas chromatography test indicated that 81.6% of the starting alkene ketone converted to the cyclopropanated ketone. Another 5 ml of Et 2 Zn were added to the mixture and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours. A second third was taken. The gas chromatography test indicated that 83.6% of the starting alkene ketone converted to the cyclopropanated ketone. The mixture was left to age overnight. Next morning, the mixture was quenched with saturated NH 4 Cl, aqueous layer separated and the organic layer washed with 200 ml of brine. The organic layer was then dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 . 
     The NMR of bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-5-one is as follows: 0.2 ppm (d, 2H); 0.4 ppm (s, 2H); 0.6 ppm (m, 1H); 0.7 ppm (s, 2H); 0.8 ppm (m, 1H); 1.1 ppm (m, 3H); 1.2-1.5 ppm (s, 39H); 1.6-1.8 ppm (m, 11H); 2.1 ppm (s, 3H); 2.2-2.7 ppm (m, 10H); 5.2-5.5 ppm (m, 2H). 
     EXAMPLE D 
     Preparation of Bicyclo[15.1.0]octadecan-9-one 
     To a dry 500 ml multi-neck round bottom flask fitted with an air stirrer, nitrogen inlet condenser and an addition funnel 3 g of 9-cycloheptadecene-1-one and 70 ml of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) were added. 21.8 ml of 1.1 M solution of Et 2 Zn in toluene was added via syringe while stirring. 23 g (6.9 ml) of CH 2 I 2  was added all at once. The mixture was heated to 60° C. and the first sample was taken. The gas chromatography test indicated that 77.3% of the starting alkene ketone converted to the cyclopropanated ketone. The mixture was left to age overnight. Next morning, the mixture was quenched with saturated NH 4 Cl, aqueous layer separated and the organic layer washed with 200 ml of brine. The organic layer was then dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 . 
     The NMR of bicyclo[15.1.0]octadecan-9-one is as follows: 0.5 ppm (s, 1H); 0.6 ppm (s, 2H); 1.1 ppm (d, 2H); 1.3 ppm (s, 11H); 1.4 ppm (s, 8H); 1.6 ppm (s, 4H); 2.4 ppm (m, 4H). 
     EXAMPLE E 
     Preparation of 5-Oxa-bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-6-one 
     To a dry 500 ml multi-neck round bottom flask fitted with an air stirrer, nitrogen inlet condenser and an addition funnel 16 g of ZnCu, 200 ml of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) were added and 3 crystals of 12 were added and stirred. 104 g of CH 2 I 2  was added while stirring. The mixture was heated maintained at 60° C. 48 g of oxacyclohexadec-12-en-2-one was added dropwise over 90 minutes. In another 20 minutes a first sample was taken. The gas chromatography test indicated that 45.9% of the starting alkene lactone converted to the cyclopropanated lactone at this point. In 2 hours a second sample was taken. The gas chromatography test indicated that 62.1% of the starting alkene lactone converted to the cyclopropanated lactone. The mixture was cooled to 30° C., quenched with saturated NH 4 Cl, aqueous layer separated and the organic layer washed with 200 ml of brine. The organic layer was then dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 . 
     The NMR of 5-oxa-bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-6-one is as follows: 0.2 ppm (m, 1H); 0.3 ppm (m, 1H); 0.4 ppm (m, 2H); 0.6-0.8 ppm (d, 1H); 1.2-1.5 ppm (d, 13H); 1.7 ppm (s, 3H); 1.8 ppm (m, 2H); 2.1 ppm (s, 1H); 2.3-2.5 ppm (m, 2H); 4.0-4.1 ppm (m, 1H); 4.3 ppm (m, 1H). 
     EXAMPLE F 
     Preparation of 3-Methyl-6-oxa-bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecane-7-one 
     To a dry 200 ml multi-neck round bottom flask fitted with an air stirrer, nitrogen inlet condenser and an addition funnel 2.9 g of 99% 3-Methyl-cyclopentadec-5-enone and 25 ml of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred for 5 minutes. 21.8 ml of 1.1 M Et 2 Zn were added via syringe. After the temperature of the mixture stabilized, 23 g of CH 2 I 2  were added while stirring. In about 60 minutes a first sample of the product was taken. The gas chromatography test indicated that 39.3% of the starting alkene lactone converted to the cyclopropanated lactone. The mixture was left to age overnight. Next morning, the mixture was quenched with saturated NH 4 Cl, aqueous layer separated and the organic layer washed with NaHCO 3 . The organic layer was then dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 . The gas chromatography test indicated that 39.3% of the starting alkene ketone converted to the cyclopropanated ketone. 
     The NMR spectrum of 3-methyl-6-oxa-bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecane-7-one is as follows: 0.6 ppm (m, 2H); 0.8 ppm (s, 1H); 0.9 ppm (m, 1H); 1.1 ppm (m, 3H); 1.2-1.4 ppm (m, 11H); 1.7 ppm (m, 1H); 2.1 ppm (s, 1H); 2.2-2.4 ppm (m, 2H); 2.5 ppm (m, 1H). 
     EXAMPLE G 
     Preparation of Bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-8-one 
     To a dry 500 ml multi-neck round bottom flask fitted with an air stirrer, nitrogen inlet condenser and an addition funnel 6.7 g of ZnCu, 80 ml of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) and one iodine crystal were added. The resulting mixture was stirred until color faded. 30 g of CH 2 I 2  was added and the mixture was heated to reflux. 22 g of 99% pure cyclohexadec-8-one was added dropwise. After the mixture turned grayish pink color, a first sample was taken. The mixture was cooled, quenched with 100 ml of saturated NH 4 Cl and stirred for 15 minutes. The mixture was allowed to settle, the aqueous layer was separated, and the organic layer was extracted with two 50 ml portions of toluene. Toluene was added to the crude sample and dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 . 
     The NMR spectrum of bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-8-one is as follows: 0.2 ppm (m, H); 0.4 ppm (s, H); 0.6-0.7 ppm (m, H); 1.1 ppm (s, H); 1.2-1.5 ppm (m, 10H); 1.6 ppm (m, H); 1.7 ppm (m, H); 1.8 ppm (m, 2H); 2.0 ppm (s, H); 2.2 ppm (m, H); 2.5 ppm (m, H); 2.6 ppm (m, H). 
     EXAMPLE H 
     Incorporation of Bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecan-4-one into a Fragrance Formulation 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Ingredients 
                 Parts 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Allyl caproate 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 Benzyl acetate 
                 130.00 
               
               
                   
                 Citral 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 Citronellol 
                 50.00 
               
               
                   
                 Citronellyl acetate 
                 110.00 
               
               
                   
                 Coumarin 
                 11.00 
               
               
                   
                 Bicyclo[13.1.0]hexadecan-4-one 
                 16.00 
               
               
                   
                 Damascenone 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Ethyl caproate 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Ethyl-2-methyl butyrate 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Geraniol 
                 65.00 
               
               
                   
                 Hexenyl acetate, cis-3 
                 15.00 
               
               
                   
                 Hexyl acetate 
                 2.25 
               
               
                   
                 Ionone alpha 
                 12.00 
               
               
                   
                 Ionone beta 
                 12.00 
               
               
                   
                 Iso amyl acetate 
                 0.25 
               
               
                   
                 Linalool 
                 45.00 
               
               
                   
                 Linalyl acetate 
                 130.00 
               
               
                   
                 Lyral 
                 30.00 
               
               
                   
                 Mandarin oil md ref a lmr 
                 12.50 
               
               
                   
                 Methyl anthranilate 
                 30.00 
               
               
                   
                 Muskalactone 
                 25.00 
               
               
                   
                 Nonadienal, trans-2-cis-6 
                 15.00 
               
               
                   
                 Orange oil bitter wi 
                 12.50 
               
               
                   
                 Orange oil sweet 
                 25.00 
               
               
                   
                 Petitgrain 
                 45.00 
               
               
                   
                 Phenyl acetaldehyde 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Phenyl ethyl alcohol 
                 100.00 
               
               
                   
                 Tagette oil egypt md ref a lmr 
                 7.50 
               
               
                   
                 Terpineol 
                 80.00 
               
               
                   
                 Undecalactone gamma 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Vetivert oil haiti md ref a lmr 
                 12.00 
               
               
                   
                 Total 
                 1000.00 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     The fragrance formulation was described as having sweet, powdery and floral tones. 
     EXAMPLE I 
     Incorporation of Bicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecan-8-one into a Fragrance Formulation 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Ingredients 
                 Parts 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 3-Dodecenal, 10% In Dipropylene Glycol 
                 25.00 
               
               
                   
                 Amyl Salicylate 
                 50.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benz Acetate 
                 65.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzyl Cinnamate 
                 35.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzyl Salicylate 
                 150.00 
               
               
                   
                 Citronellol Coeur 
                 50.00 
               
               
                   
                 Cresyl Phen Acetate Para 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Ethylene Brassylate 
                 12.00 
               
               
                   
                 Galbaniff 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Geraniol 
                 10.00 
               
               
                   
                 Bicyclo[14.1.0]Heptadecan-8-One 
                 40.00 
               
               
                   
                 Guaiacwood Oil 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 Hexenyl Salicylate, Cis-3 
                 35.00 
               
               
                   
                 Hexyl Cinnamic Aldehyde 
                 200.00 
               
               
                   
                 Jasmone Cis 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Koavol DH 
                 85.00 
               
               
                   
                 Lyral 
                 135.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methyl Anthranilate 
                 8.00 
               
               
                   
                 Muskalactone 
                 10.00 
               
               
                   
                 Phenyl Ethyl Phenyl Acetate 
                 35.00 
               
               
                   
                 Styralyl Acetate 
                 15.00 
               
               
                   
                 Veramoss 
                 15.00 
               
               
                   
                 Ylang Oil 
                 15.00 
               
               
                   
                 Total 
                 1000.00 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     The fragrance formulation was described as having sweet, powdery and floral tones. 
     EXAMPLE K 
     Incorporation of 9-Oxa-bicyclo[15.1.0]octadecan-8-one into a Fragrance Formulation 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Ingredients 
                 Parts 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Allyl amyl glycolate 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzyl acetate 
                 10.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzyl salicylate 
                 55.00 
               
               
                   
                 Bergamot oil 
                 35.00 
               
               
                   
                 Cashmeran 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 Cedrenyl acetate 
                 20.00 
               
               
                   
                 Citronellol 
                 50.00 
               
               
                   
                 Coumarin 
                 25.00 
               
               
                   
                 Cyclogalbaniff 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 9-oxa-bicyclo[15.1.0]octadecan-8-one 
                 7.50 
               
               
                   
                 Damascone, delta 
                 0.40 
               
               
                   
                 Ethyl vanillin 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Eugenol 
                 40.00 
               
               
                   
                 Galaxolide 
                 90.00 
               
               
                   
                 Galbanum oil ref a lmr 
                 0.10 
               
               
                   
                 Geraniol 
                 13.00 
               
               
                   
                 Hedione 
                 80.00 
               
               
                   
                 Helional 
                 6.00 
               
               
                   
                 Heliotropine 
                 20.00 
               
               
                   
                 Hexenyl salicylate, cis-3 
                 13.00 
               
               
                   
                 Ionone beta 
                 10.00 
               
               
                   
                 Iso e super 
                 60.00 
               
               
                   
                 Jasmin abs egypt lmr 
                 5.00 
               
               
                   
                 Lilial 
                 40.00 
               
               
                   
                 Linalool 
                 80.00 
               
               
                   
                 Linalyl acetate 
                 65.00 
               
               
                   
                 Lyral 
                 40.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methyl anthranilate 
                 8.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methyl ionone gamma 
                 55.00 
               
               
                   
                 Muskalactone 
                 25.00 
               
               
                   
                 Olibanum coeur dep 50 pct 
                 6.00 
               
               
                   
                 Patchouli oil 
                 35.00 
               
               
                   
                 Sandalore 
                 20.00 
               
               
                   
                 Sanjinol 
                 20.00 
               
               
                   
                 Styralyl acetate 
                 10.00 
               
               
                   
                 Vanillin 
                 13.00 
               
               
                   
                 Veramoss 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 Vertofix 
                 25.00 
               
               
                   
                 Ylang oil 
                 5.00 
               
               
                   
                 Total 
                 1000.00 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     The fragrance was described as having sweet, powdery and floral tones.