Abstract:
This invention is type of dual-purpose boat, including cabin and hull. This boat is unique in that between the cabin and hull there is a lifting mechanism connecting the hull and cabin, at least one of which has been set up with a buoyancy regulating structure. This invention can be used as a regular boat, or if the cabin is lowered, this invention becomes a semi-submerged vessel that can be used for operational purposes or underwater sightseeing. When the invention enters shallow water or needs to navigate at high speed, the cabin can be raised to prevent beaching and to reduce resistance. The operation of this invention is simple and expands the single function of current boats.

Description:
PRIORITY CLAIM 
     This invention claims priority from PCT Application Serial No. PCT/CN2013/081580 filed Aug. 15, 2013, which claims priority to Chinese Application Serial No. 201310291745.3 filed Jul. 11, 2013, which is hereby incorporated by reference. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This invention belongs in the technical field of boats. Specifically, it is a dual-purpose boat. 
     BACKGROUND INFORMATION 
     Existing boats have singular purposes. For example, sightseeing boats are designed with cabins located above the surface of the water, so passengers can only view above-water scenery. For underwater sightseeing, semi-submersible vessels were invented. These semi-submersible vessels have a state of flotation between conventional above-water boats and fully submersible boats. These semi-submersible vessels comprise a flotation raft and a cabin, with the flotation raft located in a fixed position at the upper part of the cabin. By manipulating the relationship between the boat&#39;s weight and its buoyancy, this design allows the flotation raft and the top of the cabin to float atop the surface of the water while the sealed cabin is located below the surface, allowing passengers in the cabin to see the underwater scenery. However, with the cabin located underwater in this semi-submersible vessel, it is impossible to operate or dock in shallow water, and can be dangerous to operate at high speeds. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     To overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, the invention provides a dual-purpose vessel that can operate both as a semi-submersible vessel and as an ordinary boat. 
     To solve the problems outlined above, the invention has the following technical solution: a type of dual-purpose boat with a hull and cabin connected by a lifting mechanism. The hull or cabin, or both, contains a buoyancy regulating structure. 
     The aforementioned buoyancy regulating structure includes space to hold water or air, and an inlet valve for water inflow into the space and a pump or a drain valve for water discharge. 
     The aforementioned space to hold water or air can be located at the bottom of the hull, at the bottom of the cabin, or at the bottom of both the hull and cabin. 
     Between the aforementioned hull and cabin, there is a stopper structure designed to limit their horizontal relative displacement. This stopper structure has a guide post and a guide sleeve which are mutually matched. 
     The aforementioned guide sleeve and guide post can be structured in at least one of the following two forms. In the first form, the guide sleeve and post have square lateral sections which are matched in both size and shape, and there is an alignment bearing on both sides of the guide sleeve where the guide post rests. In the second form, the lateral sections of the guide sleeve and post are matched in a dovetail shape. 
     The aforementioned lifting mechanism can function via winding engines, worm gear, or rack and pinion. 
     There are one, two or more of the aforementioned lifting mechanism with winding engines, placed at the rear or symmetrically on both sides of the cabin. The winding engines have a dragline secured at one end. Either the winding engines are fastened to the hull and the other end of the dragline is fastened to the cabin, or the winding engines are fastened to the cabin and the other end of the dragline is fastened to the hull. 
     The aforementioned hull can be H-shaped, U-shaped, O-shaped, circular, or square. 
     The aforementioned the hull comprises two side wings, which are matched according to the width of the boat&#39;s cabin. The cabin is mounted between the two wings, effectively serving as the connection between the two wings. Alternatively, the hull comprises two side wings as well as a beam connecting the two side wings. The two side wings would be matched according the width of the boat&#39;s cabin, and the cabin would be mounted in the space between the two side wings and the beam. 
     The aforementioned hull has a sensor that detects the boat&#39;s vertical position relative to the surface of the water and controls the buoyancy of the boat. 
     This invention can be used as a regular boat, or if the cabin is lowered, this invention becomes a semi-submerged vessel that can be used for operational purposes or underwater sightseeing. When the invention enters shallow water or needs to navigate at high speed, the cabin can be raised to prevent beaching and to reduce resistance. The operation of this invention is simple and expands the single function of current boats. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  shows the ion&#39;s three-dimensional view in its semi-submersible state. 
         FIG. 2  shows the invention&#39;s three-dimensional view in its regular, above-water state. 
         FIGS. 3 to 5  show the invention in its different states as it transitions from a regular above-water boat into a semi-submersible boat. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     The figures below, in conjunction with the following explanation of the invention&#39;s implementation, will provide a more detailed description of the invention. 
     As shown by  FIGS. 1 and 2 , the invention is a dual-purpose boat, including hull ( 1 ) and cabin ( 2 ). Between the hull ( 1 ) and cabin ( 2 ), there is a lifting mechanism ( 3 ). The hull or cabin, or both, contains a buoyancy regulating structure. 
     The buoyancy regulating structure includes a space ( 41 ) which holds water or air, as well as a pump ( 42 ), which can act as both an inlet valve to let water in or a discharge valve to drain water out. This pump is located on the lower part of the space ( 41 ). The pump ( 42  is submersible. The space ( 41 ) which holds water or air is located at the bottom of the hull ( 1 ), at the bottom of the cabin ( 2 ), or at the bottom of both the hull ( 1 ) and cabin ( 2 ). The effect of this is to adjust the balance between boat&#39;s buoyancy and its weight, so that both states can be achieved. In the figures drawn below, the space ( 41 ) is drawn at the bottom of the hull ( 1 ). 
     The lifting mechanism ( 3 ) can function via winding engines, worm gear, rack and pinion, or any device capable of raising and lowering the cabin ( 2 ) against the hull ( 1 ). In the example shown in the figures, the lifting mechanism with a winding engine is employed. It comprises a winding engine ( 31 ) and a dragline ( 32 ), with one end tied to the winding engine ( 31 ). The winding engine ( 31 ) is secured to the hull ( 1 ), and the other end of the dragline ( 32 ) is fastened to the mounting hole or fixed collar ( 21 ) on the upper part of the cabin ( 2 ). When the winding engine ( 31 ) tightens the dragline ( 32 ), the downward tension pulls the cabin ( 2 ); when the winding engine ( 31 ) loosens the dragline, the cabin ( 2 ) rises due to its buoyancy. Another configuration could be that the winding engine ( 31 ) is fastened to the upper part of the cabin ( 2 ), while the other end of the dragline ( 32 ) is fastened to the hull ( 1 ), which would result in the same effect. 
     When the lifting mechanism ( 3 ) functions via worm gear or rack and pinion, both the ascending force and descending force of the cabin ( 2 ) are provided by the lifting mechanism ( 3 ). Lifting mechanisms with worm gear or rack and pinion are common structures and technicians in this domain could design and apply these structures according to actual needs. 
     There can be one lifting mechanism ( 3 ) located at the rear of the cabin ( 2 ). It is preferable that at least two lifting mechanisms ( 3 ) are located symmetrically on both sides of the cabin ( 2 ) to make it ascend and descend more steadily. When the winding engine is employed, it is best to install at least two lifting mechanisms with winding engines symmetrically located on both sides of the cabin ( 2 ) to prevent the cabin ( 2 ) from tilting when it ascends and descends. This is shown in the figures drawn below. Depending on the size of the cabin ( 2 ), the number of lifting mechanisms with winding engines can be increased as necessary. 
     There is a stopper structure placed between the hull ( 1 ) and cabin ( 2 ) to limit their horizontal relative displacement. This stopper structure has a guide post and a guide sleeve which are mutually matched. The post can slide up and down within the sleeve. The shape of the lateral sections of the guide sleeve and post can be designed according to actual needs as long as they serve to limit the relative horizontal displacement between the hull ( 1 ) and the cabin ( 2 ). It is preferable to have the stopper structure take at least one of the following two forms. In the first form, the guide sleeve and post have square lateral sections which are matched in both size and shape, and there is an alignment bearing on both sides of the guide sleeve where the guide post rests. In the second form, the guide sleeve and post have matching lateral sections in the shape of a dovetail. In the example shown by the figures, the cabin ( 2 ) has a guide post ( 23 ) with a dovetail shape on the rear side, and the hull ( 1 ) has a matching guide sleeve ( 14 ) and guide post at the corresponding position on the connecting beam ( 12 ). The guide post and sleeve are mutually matched in both size and shape to fasten the cabin ( 2 ) and the hull ( 1 ) to guarantee that they cannot be separated. Meanwhile, the cabin ( 2 ) has a square guide post ( 22 ) on both sides, and the hull ( 1 ) has a square guide sleeve ( 15 ) at the corresponding position on both side wings ( 11 ). The guide post and sleeve are matched in both size and shape, and there is an alignment bearing ( 13 ) on both sides of the square guide sleeve ( 15 ), against which the square guide post ( 22 ) is placed. This stopper structure assists in controlling the ascending and descending of the cabin ( 2 ) to ensure that the cabin moves along its path stably. 
     The shape of the hull ( 1 ) can be designed according to actual needs, but must ensure that the cabin ( 2 ) can remain balanced whether ascending or descending. The hull ( 1 ) can be H-shaped, U-shaped, O-shaped, circular, or square. The cabin ( 2 ) is positioned in the center of the hull ( 1 ). The hull ( 1 ) can include two parallel side wings, whose width matches the width of the cabin ( 2 ). The cabin ( 2 ) is situated in the space between the two wings, serving as a connection between the two wings. In this case demonstrated by the figures below, the two sides of the cabin ( 2 ), the hull ( 1 ), and the two side wings of the hull ( 1 ) are connected through stopper structures, and the lateral sections of guide post and sleeve are matched in both size and shape to ensure that they will not loosen horizontally. In the figures, the hull ( 1 ) is H-shaped, with two side wings ( 11 ), as well as a connecting beam ( 12 ) between the two wings. The width of the two side wings ( 11 ) is matched according to the width of the cabin ( 2 ), so the cabin ( 2 ) is situated between the two side wings ( 11 ) and the connecting beam ( 12 ). 
     The pump ( 42 ) and lifting mechanism ( 3 ) can be operated manually, or a vertical buoyancy sensor can be installed in the cabin ( 1 ). This buoyancy sensor can automatically transmit information to the cabin&#39;s control panel, which then adjusts the functions of the pump ( 42 ) and the lifting mechanism ( 3 ) in order to automatically control the boat&#39;s buoyancy, allowing the cabin ( 1 ) to smoothly float atop the surface of the water. 
     Functionality of Design 
       FIG. 3  shows the cabin ( 2 ) on top of the surface of the water ( 5 ), with only the counterweight underwater. There is only air inside the space ( 41 ). 
       FIG. 4  shows that when the cabin needs to be submerged, first, the inlet valve at the bottom part of the space ( 41 ) is opened to allow water to flow into the space. The specific amount of water that enters the space ( 41 ) depends on the buoyancy of the part of the cabin that is descending. When the weight of the water in the space ( 41 ) becomes greater than the buoyancy created by the cabin ( 2 ), the lifting mechanism ( 3 ) begins to operate (for example, the winding engine ( 31 ) begins to tighten the dragline ( 32 ), and its direction of movement is as shown by the arrow in  FIG. 4 .), causing the cabin ( 2 ) to start descending. At the same time, water is continuously flowing through the inlet valve into the space ( 41 ), causing the buoyancy and weight affecting the entire vessel to reach a balance. When the cabin ( 2 ) descends to the determined level, the lifting mechanism ( 3 ) stops, the inlet valves close, and the boat is in its semi-submerged state, as shown by  FIG. 5 , allowing personnel to start underwater operations or allowing tourists to view the underwater scenery. 
     When the boat needs to be returned to its normal state, engage the lifting mechanism ( 3 ) (for example, the winding engine&#39;s power discharging device). Through its natural buoyancy, the boat cabin ( 2 ) can rise above water level ( 5 ). At the same time, start the pump ( 42 ), drawing the water out of the space ( 41 ), until the boat returns to its original position above water.