Abstract:
Methods and systems for transmitting power and digital communication are provided. The method includes communicatively coupling a broadband over power line interface unit to a power conductor of a temporary power cable, communicatively coupling the broadband over power line interface unit to a network access point, electrically coupling the power conductor to a vehicle power receptacle, and transmitting network data between the network and the vehicle, and powering the vehicle simultaneously through the power conductor.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
       [0001]    Embodiments of the disclosure relate generally to methods and systems for data communication and more particularly, to methods and systems for establishing temporary communication using non-traditional communication media for high speed data communication between a ground system and a vehicle. 
         [0002]    Known systems onboard vehicles such as commercial aircraft generate considerable amounts of data. For example, engines are monitored at every stage of operation, which results in generation of significant amounts of data. Such monitoring data includes, for example, but not limited to compression ratios, rotation rate (RPM), temperature, and vibration data. A separate electronic digital controller monitor (EDCM) typically monitors each engine. In addition, fuel related data, maintenance, Airplane Health Monitoring (AHM), Operational information, catering data, In-flight Entertainment Equipment (IFE) updates and passenger data like duty free shopping are routinely and typically generated onboard the aircraft. At least some of these systems wirelessly connect to a ground system through a central airplane server and central transceiver. 
         [0003]    Currently, when an aircraft arrives at a gate, much of the data is downloaded manually from the aircraft. Specifically, data recording devices are manually coupled to interfaces on the aircraft and the data is collected from the various data generators or log books for forwarding and processing at a back office. 
         [0004]    At least some wireless communication systems are used when an aircraft arrives on the ground (sometimes referred to as weight on wheels, WOW). Data may be wirelessly downloaded from the central server onboard the aircraft to the ground system. Data may also be wirelessly uploaded to such central server as well. Such communications frequently occur, for example, using a low speed VHF based or WLAN wireless local area networks with limited bandwidth and high levels of interference. 
         [0005]    Demand for additional communication channels and data transfer needs is driving rapid change in connection with such communications. Such increased demand is due, for example, to increasing reliance by ground systems upon data from the aircraft, as well as increased communication needs of the flight crew, cabin crew, and passengers. In addition, data diversity along with an increasing number of applications producing and consuming data in support of a wide range of aircraft operational and business processes puts additional demand on communications. 
         [0006]    The current solution utilizes a LAN unit (TWLU). However, the usability of the wireless link in an airport environment, where the same frequency spectrum is also being used by perhaps tens or hundreds of other nearby systems is limited. Because the frequency spectrum is shared, the communication bandwidth available to any one aircraft is extremely variable and can easily be a fraction of the capacity found in an unshared radio frequency environment. In addition, the installation of any other new infrastructure in both the airport and the aircraft, such as hardwired network connections to the aircraft, are extremely costly and require additional operational manpower support to the aircraft to physically make this connection. What are needed are methods and systems for establishing an extended bandwidth communication with a vehicle using non-traditional communication media for high speed data communication between a ground system and the vehicle. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0007]    In one embodiment, a method of transmitting power and digital communication includes communicatively coupling a broadband over a power line interface unit to a power conductor of a temporary power cable, communicatively coupling the broadband over a power line interface unit to a network access point, electrically coupling the power conductor to a vehicle power receptacle, and transmitting network data between the network and the vehicle, and powering the vehicle simultaneously through the power conductor. 
         [0008]    In another embodiment, a power and digital communication transmission system includes an electrical aircraft umbilical including a supply end, a plug end and a electrical conductor extending therebetween. The plug end is configured to mate with an aircraft such that power is supplied to the aircraft through the electrical conductor from the supply end. The system also includes a first interface device electrically coupled to the supply end and a network access point. The interface device is configured to transmit and receive data carrier signals though the electrical conductor while power is supplied to the aircraft through the electrical conductor and to convert the data carrier signals from and to a predetermined data format on the network. The system further includes a second interface device electrically coupled to the plug end when the umbilical is coupled to the aircraft. The second interface device is configured to transmit and receive the data carrier signals with the first interface device while power is supplied to the aircraft through the electrical conductor. 
         [0009]    In yet another embodiment, a method for temporary communication between a service entity and a vehicle includes coupling a temporary service umbilical between the service entity and the vehicle, supplying electrical power to the vehicle through the umbilical, and transmitting high speed digital data between the service entity and the vehicle through the umbilical while supplying electrical power through the umbilical. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0010]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a power and digital communication transmission system in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0011]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a power and digital communication transmission system  100  in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. In the exemplary embodiment, power and digital communication transmission system  100  includes an electrical aircraft umbilical  102  comprising a supply end  104 , a plug end  106 , and an electrical conductor  108  extending therebetween. Plug end  106  is configured to mate with a vehicle such as an aircraft  110  such that electrical power is supplied to aircraft  110  through electrical conductor  108  from supply end  104 . In the exemplary embodiment, supply end  104  couples to a ground power system  112  at an airport terminal gate  114 . Ground power system  112  is configured to receive electrical power from a power supply through a power supply conduit  115 . In other embodiments, ground power system  112  is located on a pier to couple to a boat, barge, or ship (not shown). In still other embodiments, ground power system  112  is positioned at a garage or service facility and is configured to couple to a wheeled vehicle, for example, but not limited to a car, a recreational vehicle (RV), or a train. Additionally, ground power system  112  may comprise another vehicle, such as a space vehicle, undersea or sea surface vehicle wherein one or both vehicles are moving with respect to each other and/or their surroundings while coupled through umbilical  102 . 
         [0012]    Power and digital communication transmission system  100  also includes a first interface device  116  electrically coupled to supply end  104 . In the exemplary embodiment, interface device  116  is electrically coupled to supply end  104  through power supply conduit  115  and ground power system  112 . In an alternative embodiment, interface device  116  is electrically coupled to supply end  104  downstream of ground power system  112 . In another alternative embodiment, interface device  116  is electrically coupled to electrical conductor  108  internal to ground power system  112 . Interface device  116  is also coupled to a network  118  through a wired network access point  120  or a wireless communication link  122 . 
         [0013]    Power and digital communication transmission system  100  also includes a second interface device  124  electrically coupled to plug end  106  when umbilical  102  is coupled to aircraft  110 . In the exemplary embodiment, interface device  124  is electrically coupled to an onboard power bus  125  through plug end  106  through an umbilical plug  126  penetrating a fuselage  128  of aircraft  110 . Interface device  124  is also coupled to an onboard network  129  through an onboard wired network access point  130  or an onboard wireless communication link  132 . 
         [0014]    First interface device  116  is configured to transmit and receive data carrier signals though electrical conductor  108  while power is supplied to aircraft  110  through electrical conductor  108 . First interface device  116  is also configured to convert the data carrier signals from and to a predetermined data format on the network. Second interface device  124  is electrically coupled to plug end  106  when umbilical  102  is coupled to aircraft  110 . Second interface device  124  is configured to transmit and receive the data carrier signals between first interface device  116  and onboard network  129  while power is supplied to aircraft  110  through electrical conductor  108 . In the exemplary embodiment, each of first interface device  116  and second interface device  124  are configured to detect a communication link established through the electrical conductor and report the link to system  100 . Interface units  116  and  124  are electrically matched with the characteristics of umbilical  102  including but not limited to wire size, shielding, length, voltage, frequency, and grounding. 
         [0015]    In the exemplary embodiment, the predetermined data format is compatible with various network protocols including but not limited to, Internet network protocol, gatelink network protocol, Aeronautical Telecommunications Network (ATN) protocol, and Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS) network protocol. 
         [0016]    When a communication link through the electrical conductor is established, system  100  is configured to switch communications in progress with a ground system from an established wireless connection to the communication link through electrical conductor  108 . Alternatively, system  100  may maintain communications through both the wireless connection and the communication link through electrical conductor  108  simultaneously. 
         [0017]    In the exemplary embodiment, high-speed network service to aircraft  110  while parked in a service location such as an airport terminal gate is provided through a conductor of the aircraft ground power umbilical using for example, but not limited to Broadband over Power Line (BPL), X10, or similar technology. Use of this technology permits the airports and airlines to add a simple interface to the aircraft umbilical at the gate and for aircraft manufacturers to provide a matching interface within the aircraft to permit broadband Internet service to the aircraft through an aircraft power link in the umbilical. 
         [0018]    Broadband over Power Line (BPL) is a technology that allows Internet data to be transmitted over power lines. (BPL is also sometimes called Power-line Communications or PLC.) Modulated radio frequency signals that include digital signals from the Internet are injected into the power line using, for example, inductive or capacitive coupling. These radio frequency signals are injected into the electrical power conductor at one or more specific points. The radio frequency signals travel along the electrical power conductor to a point of use. Little, if any, modification is necessary to the umbilical to permit transmission of BPL. Shielding in the umbilical substantially minimizes crosstalk and/or interference between the BPL signals and other wireless services. BPL permits higher speed and more reliable Internet and data network services to the aircraft than wireless methods. Using BPL also eliminates the need to couple an additional separate cable to aircraft  110  while combining aircraft electrical power and Internet/data services over the same wire. System  100  uses for example, an approximately 2.0 MHz to approximately 80.0 MHz frequency or X10 similar ranges with the exact frequency range use defined and engineered by the characteristics and shielding of umbilical  102  and the allowable RFI/EMI levels in that particular environment. 
         [0019]    In an embodiment, symmetrical hi-broadband BPL is used in umbilical  102  to transmit at communication speeds with aircraft  110  up to two hundred megabits per seconds (200 Mps). This communication speed is more than twice the current maximum wireless throughput and because the BPL link is dedicated to only one aircraft  110  and not shared as wireless is, actual throughput can be from two to ten times the wireless throughput in the same environment. In addition, the throughput is stable and reliable in airport environments, whereas the existing wireless gateline services vary with the amount of RF interference and congestion at each airport. 
         [0020]    Although described with respect to an aircraft, embodiments of the disclosure are also applicable to other vehicles such as ships, barges, and boats moored at a dock or pier and also wheeled vehicles parked in a service area. 
         [0021]    The above-described methods and systems for transmitting power and digital communication to provide high speed Internet service support directly to the aircraft while at the gate are cost-effective and highly reliable. The methods and systems include integration and use of BPL or X10 similar technology into the aircraft and airport infrastructure to support broadband Internet and data services to the aircraft with minimal infrastructure impacts and cost. The integration of BPL, X10, or similar technology into the airport and aircraft permit using the existing aircraft gate umbilical to provide the aircraft with high-speed and high reliability Internet and data services from the airport gate. Accordingly, the methods and systems facilitate transmitting power and digital communication in a cost-effective and reliable manner. 
         [0022]    While embodiments of the disclosure have been described in terms of various specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments of the disclosure can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the claims.