Abstract:
The invention relates to a tamper-indicating bottle closure consisting of a threaded bottle cap and a tamper-indicating band connected thereto by selectively rupturable connectors. The band is provided with at least to radially protruding camming members adapted to move over a retaining lip provided on a bottle, by temporarily radially deforming the band, during closure movement between cap and bottle and to be locked behind the retaining rib during opening movement between cap and bottle at a force exceeding the force of the opening movement.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION  
       [0001]    This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 09/284,126 filed Apr. 6, 1999. 
     
    
     
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0003]    The invention, in general, relates to tamper-proof bottle cap and, more particularly, to tamper-proof threaded bottle caps of the kind allowing reclosure even of plastic bottles but which once unscrewed and then screwed back leave behind an indication of prior opening of the bottle.  
           [0004]    2. The Prior Art  
           [0005]    Such tamper-proof bottle caps have been generally known for some time and have found wide acceptance not least as means of warning consumers of prior opening, and possible contamination of the contents, of bottles. In some instances, such bottle caps may consist of the cap proper and a tear strip connected thereto which must be removed, sometimes with not inconsiderable difficulty, before the cap can be unscrewed. Also known are tamper-proof bottle screw caps provided on their skirt with a severally connected or rupturable extension supposed to provide an indication, when the cap is unscrewed, that the bottle has been opened before.  
           [0006]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,846,361 issued Jul. 11, 1989 to Haffner discloses a tamper-indicating bottle closure consisting of a molded plastic tamper band connected to the closure or cap skirt by rupturable means. The tamper band is provided with a plurality of solid inwardly projecting beads which by engaging a transfer bead on the bottle neck as the cap is unscrewed are said to rupture the band. The beads are arranged on the band in tiers at three different heights and disposed at an angle equal to the pitch angle of the container threads. While such an arrangement may eliminate the need for top pressure when closing the container and locking the beads in place, it suffers from the drawback that it leaves more than a probability of the band not rupturing, particularly if as a result of elevated ambient temperatures the plastic of the band has been rendered abnormally pliable, when the closure is unscrewed from the container. Moreover, since the band is removed with the closure, the latter, once removed, leaves no mark of the container having been opened before. It could then easily be closed again by some other cap of pseudo-authentic appearance. Since the band in any event remains connected to the closure it may well prevent proper subsequent reclosure of the container by being jammed between the closure and the threads of the container. Another drawback of such a beading arrangement is that the tamper-indicating band may rupture during the initial closuring operation if for some reason or other the closure is not properly axially aligned with the container.  
         OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION  
         [0007]    It is an object of the invention to provide a bottle cap with a severally connected tamper-indicating strip which remains on the bottle upon unscrewing the cap.  
           [0008]    Another object of the invention is to provide a bottle closure with a tamper-indicating strip which facilitates closing by high-volume bottling machines.  
           [0009]    Other objects are in part obvious and will in part appear hereinafter.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0010]    In the accomplishment of these and other objects the invention, in a preferred embodiment thereof, provides for a bottle cap having an internally threaded skirt adapted threadedly to engage a complementary threaded bottle neck and an axially extending tamper-indicating band connected thereto for selective separation as a result of interaction between locking surfaces of protruding inwardly from the band and outwardly from the neck of the bottle. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL DRAWINGS  
       [0011]    The novel features which are considered to be characteristic of the invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, in respect of its structure, construction and lay-out as well as manufacturing techniques, together with other objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following description of preferred embodiments when read in connection with the appended drawings, in which:  
         [0012]    [0012]FIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal section of a bottle cap and its tamper-indicating band in accordance with the invention;  
         [0013]    [0013]FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a bottle neck shown in side elevation and the bottle cap and its tamper-indicating band shown in section along line II-II of FIG. 1 as configured when seated on the bottle neck;  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the bottle cap and it tamper-indicating band along line II-II of FIG. 1 as configured during movement of the band over an annular bead on a bottle neck;  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 4 is a perspective view from below of the bottle cap and tamper-indicating band of FIG. 1;  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view along line V-V of FIG. 6 between the lower edge of the cap skirt and the upper edge of the band; and  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0018]    A shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a tamper-proof bottle closure  1  consisting of a cap  2  with an internally threaded skirt  6  and a tamper-indicating band  3 . Preferably the cap  2  and band  6  are fabricated by injection molding from thermoplastic material. A base portion  4  of the cap  2  is provided with an annular sealing rib  5  disposed concentrically around the axis of symmetry A of the cap  2  and internally of the skirt  6 . While other configurations are conceivable, the skirt  6  as well as the sealing rib  5  are shown to extend substantially normal to the base portion  4 . The lip  5  is adapted to be seated in the mouth of a bottle  17 . The threads  7  protruding from the internal wall of the skirt  6  may be continuous or, as shown in FIG. 1, separated into axially aligned tiers. The tamper-indicating band  3  is integrally connected to the bottom edge of the skirt  6  by rupturable connecting webs or strands  9  of a diameter in the order of a few tenth of a millimeter. The length of the webs  9  or spacing between the edge of the skirt  6  and the adjacent upper edge  10  of the band  3  is also no more than a few tenths of a millimeter.  
         [0019]    The tamper-indicating band  3  is provided at its internal surface  11  with two pairs of oppositely placed camming members  12   a,    12   b  and  13   a,    13   b.  The pairs  12   a,    12   b  and  13   a,    13   b  are displaced about 90° from each other and respectively disposed in axial planes separated by a distance a. The camming members  12   a,    12   b  are placed closer to the lower edge  14  of the band  3  than the camming members  13   a,    13   b.  Preferably, the axial spacing a is less than the axial extend b of an annular retaining rib  15  surrounding the neck  16  of the bottle  17 . It is to be noted that camming members  12   a,    12   b  and  13   a,    12   b  are provided with inclines surfaces facing away from the base  4  of the cap  2  and that the retaining rib  15  is provided with an inclined surface facing toward the mouth of the bottle  17 . Opposite their respective inclined surfaces, the camming members  12   a,    12   b  and  13   a,    13   b  and the retaining rib  15  have surfaces, hereinafter sometimes referred to as “locking surfaces”, which extent substantially normal to the axis of symmetry A. While the bottle  17  may be made from any conventional material, such as glass or metal, it is preferably made from polyethylene therephthalate (PET). Between the mouth of the bottle  17  and the retaining rib  15  the neck of the bottle  17  is provided with threads  18  complementing those of the closure and which may be continuous or, as shown in FIG. 2, separated into axially aligned tiers circumferentially spaced from each other by a distance less than the length of the thread sections  7  of the skirt  6 .  
         [0020]    Preferably, the connecting webs  9  are circumferentially disposed between the camming members  12   a,    12   b,  and  13   a,    13   b.  Alternatively, the connecting webs  9  may be replaced by a rupturable continuous film (not shown).  
         [0021]    The functioning of the tamper-indicating band  3  will now be described with reference to FIG. 3. As the cap  2  is screwed onto the neck of the bottle  17  in a clockwise direction it moves axially along the neck thereof. Initially, the threads  7  of the cap  2  are in engagement with, and move along, the threads  18  of the bottle  17  until the inclined surfaces of the retaining members  12  and  12   b  move into engagement with the inclined surface of the retaining rib  15 . Further axial movement of the cap  2  causes the camming member  12   a  and  12   b  to slide over the retaining rib  15  and temporarily to deform the otherwise circular skirt  6  into an outward-flaring ellipsoidal configuration. At the same time, the camming members  13   a  and  13   b  are moved inwardly until the members  12   a  and  12   b  have escaped over the apex of the rib  15 . Somewhat before but not later than this occurrence, the inclined surfaces of the camming member  13   a  and  13   b  move into engagement with the inclined surface of the rib  15 , and during further axial movement of the cap  2  deform the skirt  6  ellipsoidally until the camming members  13   a  and  13   b  have also moved over the retaining rib  15  at which time the cap  2  resumes its initial substantially circular configuration as a result of its inherent resiliency. The radial dimensions of the camming members  12   a,    12   b  and  13   a,    13   b  and of the retaining rib  15  are such that the temporary ellipsoidal deformations of the skirt  6  do not exceed the elasticity of the material from which the cap is made. During movement of the camming members  12   a,    12   b  and  13   a,    13   b  over the retaining rib  15  the torque exerted on the cap  2  causes the lower edge  8  of the skirt  2  to move against the upper edge  10  of the band  3  after subjecting the connecting webs  9  to slight mechanical stress, and thus prevent their rupture. Once the camming members  12   a,    12   b  and  13   a,    13   b  have been moved over the retaining rib  15  the connecting web  9  rebound to their original configuration. At the same time, the camming members  12   a,    12   b  and  13   a,    13   b  are effectively locked behind the retaining rib  15 .  
         [0022]    Opening the bottle by rotating the cap  2  relative to the neck of the bottle  17  in a counter-clockwise direction causes the locking surfaces of the retaining rib  15  and of the camming members  13   a  and  13   b  to move into locking engagement with each other. Further counter-clockwise rotation and, hence, axial movement of the cap  2  results in rupture of all or at least some of the connecting webs  9 . In the unlikely event that the camming surfaces  13   a  and  13   b  escape beyond the retaining rib  15 , the locking surface of camming surfaces  12   a  and  12   b  will at once engage the locking surface of the retaining rib  15  and prevent further axial and rotational movement of the band  3  and cause any connecting webs  9  which have not already been ruptured to be broken.  
         [0023]    It will thus be seen that removal of the cap  2  from the bottle  17  will result in the band  3  to remain thereon and thus provide, by the broken connecting webs  9  a clear indication that the bottle was previously opened if the cap  2  or any cap is placed on the bottle to close it again.  
         [0024]    Turning now to FIGS. 5 and 6, there is shown an alternate embodiment of the invention. It differs from the embodiment described supra by having a section x in which the cap  2  and the band  3  are permanently connected to each other. Adjacent this permanent connection section x and intermediate a camming member  12   a  and a camming member  13   a  the band  3  is provided by a rupturable weakened section  22  formed by an incision, a tear-line or reduced wall thickness  21  or the like of the band  3 . Engagement of the locking surfaces of the camming member  13   a  and  13   b  by counter-clockwise rotation of the cap  2  relative to the bottle  17  causes the weakened section  22  to rupture and the webs  9  adjacent the camming members  13   a  and  13   b  to rupture before engagement of the locking surfaces of the camming members  12   a  and  12   b  with the locking surface of the retaining rib  15 .  
         [0025]    Subsequently replacing the cap  2  and its split or ruptured tamper-indicating band  3  on the bottle  17  will yield a clear indication of prior opening of the bottle.