Abstract:
A phase shifter using a Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonators (BAWR) is provided. The phase shifter using a BAWR may use a property of a phase shift with respect to a frequency of the BAWR, and also use at least one capacitor, at least one inductor, and the like.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S) 
       [0001]    This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 12/834,130 filed on Jul. 12, 2010, which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(a) of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2009-0083818, filed Sep. 7, 2009, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    1. Field 
         [0003]    The following description relates to a phase shifter, and in more particular, a phase shifter using at least one of a Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator (BAWR), an inductor, and a capacitor. 
         [0004]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0005]    A communication device may use a signal processing apparatus, capable of shifting a phase of an inputted signal and generating a time delay, such as a phase shifter. A phase shifter may be used in a variety of radio frequency application fields. 
         [0006]    In a conventional art, a phase shifter may be embodied using an inductor and a capacitor. However, energy loss may be significant, a size of phase shifter may increase, and circuit integration may not be performed. 
         [0007]    Accordingly, a phase shifter that may be compact, suitable for circuit integration, and reduce a loss of coil may be desired to reduce a size of a communication device and improve efficiency. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0008]    In one general aspect, there is provided a phase shifter. The phase shifter includes at least one Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator (BAWR), at least one capacitor configured to be connected to the at least one BAWR, and a plurality of ports configured to be connected to the at least one BAWR and the at least one capacitor. 
         [0009]    The at least one BAWR may include a first BAWR and a second BAWR, the plurality of ports may include a first port and a second port, the at least one capacitor may include a first capacitor, a first connector of the first BAWR, the first port, and a first connector of the first capacitor may be connected, a first connector of the second BAWR, the second port, and a second connector of the first capacitor may be connected, and a second connector of the first BAWR and a second connector of the second BAWR may be connected to ground. 
         [0010]    Also, the at least one BAWR may include a first BAWR and a second BAWR, the plurality of ports may include a first port and a second port, the at least one capacitor may include a first capacitor, a first connector of the first BAWR may be connected to the first port, a first connector of the second BAWR may be connected to the second port, a second connector of the first BAWR and a second connector of the second BAWR may be connected to a first connector of the first capacitor, and a second connector of the first capacitor may be connected to ground. 
         [0011]    The at least one BAWR may include a first BAWR, the plurality of ports may include a first port and a second port, the at least one capacitor may include a first capacitor and a second capacitor, a first connector of the first capacitor, the first port, and a first connector of the first BAWR may be connected, a first connector of the second capacitor, the second port, and a second connector of the first BAWR may be connected, and a second connector of the first capacitor and a second connector of the second capacitor may be connected to ground. 
         [0012]    The at least one BAWR may include a first BAWR, the plurality of ports may include a first port and a second port, the at least one capacitor may include a first capacitor and a second capacitor, a first connector of the first capacitor may be connected to the first port, a first connector of the second capacitor may be connected to the second port, a second connector of the first capacitor and a second connector of the second capacitor may be connected to a first connector of the first BAWR, and a second connector of the first BAWR may be connected to ground. 
         [0013]    In another general aspect, there is provided a phase shifter which includes at least one BAWR, at least one inductor configured to be connected to the at least one BAWR, and a plurality of ports configured to be connected to the at least one BAWR and the at least one inductor. 
         [0014]    The at least one BAWR may include a first BAWR and a second BAWR, the plurality of ports may include a first port and a second port, the at least one inductor may include a first inductor, a first connector of the first BAWR, the first port, and a first connector of the first inductor may be connected, a first connector of the second BAWR, the second port, and a second connector of the first inductor may be connected, and a second connector of the first BAWR and a second connector of the second BAWR may be connected to ground. 
         [0015]    Also, the at least one BAWR may include a first BAWR and a second BAWR, the plurality of ports may include a first port and a second port, the at least one inductor may include a first inductor, a first connector of the first BAWR may be connected to the first port, a first connector of the second BAWR may be connected to the second port, a second connector of the first BAWR and a second connector of the second BAWR may be connected to a first connector of the first inductor, and a second connector of the first inductor may be connected to ground. 
         [0016]    The at least one BAWR may include a first BAWR, the plurality of ports may include a first port and a second port, the at least one inductor may include a first inductor and a second inductor, a first connector of the first inductor, the first port, and a first connector of the first BAWR may be connected, a first connector of the second inductor, the second port, and a second connector of the first BAWR may be connected, and a second connector of the first inductor and a second connector of the second inductor may be connected to ground. 
         [0017]    Also, the at least one BAWR may include a first BAWR, the plurality of ports may include a first port and a second port, the at least one inductor may include a first inductor and a second inductor, a first connector of the first inductor may be connected to the first port; a first connector of the second inductor may be connected to the second port, a second connector of the first inductor and a second connector of the second inductor may be connected to a first connector of the first BAWR, and a second connector of the first BAWR may be connected to ground. 
         [0018]    In still another general aspect, there is provided a phase shifter which includes three BAWRs including a first BAWR, a second BAWR, and a third BAWR and a plurality of ports to be connected to the three BAWRs. 
         [0019]    A first connector of the first BAWR and a first connector of the second BAWR may be connected to a first port of the plurality of ports, a second connector of the first BAWR and a second connector of the third BAWR may be connected to a second port of the plurality of ports, a second connector of the second BAWR and a first connector of the third BAWR may be connected to ground. 
         [0020]    Also, a first connector of the first BAWR may be connected to a first port of the plurality of ports, a first connector of the second BAWR may be connected to a second port of the plurality of ports, a second connector of the first BAWR and a second connector of the second BAWR may be connected to a first connector of the third BAWR, and a second connector of the third BAWR may be connected to ground. 
         [0021]    Other features and aspects may be apparent from the following detailed description, the drawings, and the claims. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0022]      FIG. 1  is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an example of a phase shifter including two Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonators (BAWRs), a single capacitor, and two ports. 
           [0023]      FIG. 2  is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an example of a phase shifter including a single BAWR, two capacitors, and two ports. 
           [0024]      FIG. 3  is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an example of a phase shifter including two BAWRs, a single inductor, and two ports. 
           [0025]      FIG. 4  is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an example of a phase shifter including a single BAWR, two inductors, and two ports. 
           [0026]      FIG. 5  is a diagram illustrating a configuration of another example of a phase shifter including a single BAWR, two capacitors, and two ports. 
           [0027]      FIG. 6  is a diagram illustrating a configuration of another example of a phase shifter including two BAWRs, a single capacitor, and two ports. 
           [0028]      FIG. 7  is a diagram illustrating a configuration of another example of a phase shifter including a single BAWR, two inductors, and two ports. 
           [0029]      FIG. 8  is a diagram illustrating a configuration of another example of a phase shifter including two BAWRs, a single inductor, and two ports. 
           [0030]      FIG. 9  is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an example of a phase shifter including three BAWRs. 
           [0031]      FIG. 10  is a diagram illustrating a configuration of another example of a phase shifter including three BAWRs. 
       
    
    
       [0032]    Throughout the drawings and the detailed description, unless otherwise described, the same drawing reference numerals will be understood to refer to the same elements, features, and structures. The relative size and depiction of these elements may be exaggerated for clarity, illustration, and convenience. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0033]    The following detailed description is provided to assist the reader in gaining a comprehensive understanding of the methods, apparatuses, and/or systems described herein. Accordingly, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the systems, apparatuses and/or methods described herein will be suggested to those of ordinary skill in the art. The progression of processing steps and/or operations described is an example; however, the sequence of steps and/or operations is not limited to that set forth herein and may be changed as is known in the art, with the exception of steps and/or operations necessarily occurring in a certain order. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions may be omitted for increased clarity and conciseness. 
         [0034]    According to one example of an embodiment, a phase shifter including at least one of a Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator (BAWR), a capacitor, and an inductor may include at least one BAWR, at least one capacitor to be connected to the at least one BAWR, and a plurality of ports to be connected to the at least one BAWR and the at least one capacitor. 
         [0035]    Also, a phase shifter including at least one of a BAWR, a capacitor, and an inductor may include at least one BAWR, at least one inductor to be connected to the at least one BAWR, and a plurality of ports to be connected to the at least one BAWR and the at least one inductor. 
         [0036]    Also, a phase shifter including at least one of a BAWR, a capacitor, and an inductor may include three BAWRs, and a plurality of ports to be connected to the three BAWRs. Examples of embodiments of a phase shifter including at least one of a BAWR, a capacitor, and an inductor are described below. 
         [0037]      FIG. 1  illustrates a configuration of an example of a phase shifter including two BAWRs, a single capacitor, and two ports. 
         [0038]    This example of a phase shifter includes a first BAWR  110 , a second BAWR  120 , a first port  101 , a second port  102 , and a first capacitor  130 . 
         [0039]    A first connector  111  of the first BAWR  110 , the first port  101 , and a first connector  131  of the first capacitor  130  may be connected. A first connector  121  of the second BAWR  120 , the second port  102 , and a second connector  132  of the first capacitor  130  may be connected. Also, a second connector  112  of the first BAWR  110  and a second connector  122  of the second BAWR  120  may be connected to ground. That is, the two BAWRs  110  and  120 , where each single connector is connected to ground, may be connected to the two ports  101  and  102  and the single capacitor  130 . 
         [0040]    In this instance, a BAWR may be smaller than an inductor, and the like, reduce energy loss, and be suitable for circuit integration. Accordingly, when the BAWR is used for the phase shifter, the phase shifter may be more compact and suitable for circuit integration. 
         [0041]      FIG. 2  illustrates a configuration of an example of a phase shifter including a single BAWR, two capacitors, and two ports. 
         [0042]    This example of a phase shifter includes a first BAWR  210 , a first port  201 , a second port  202 , a first capacitor  220 , and a second capacitor  230 . 
         [0043]    A first connector  221  of the first capacitor  220 , the first port  201 , and a first connector  211  of the first BAWR  210  may be connected. A first connector  231  of the second capacitor  230 , the second port  202 , and a second connector  212  of the first BAWR  210  may be connected. Also, a second connector  222  of the first capacitor  220  and a second connector  232  of the second capacitor  230  may be connected to ground. That is, the two capacitors  220  and  230 , where each single connector is connected to ground, may be connected to the two ports  201  and  202  and the single BAWR  210 . 
         [0044]      FIG. 3  illustrates a configuration of an example of a phase shifter including two BAWRs, a single inductor, and two ports. 
         [0045]    This example of a phase shifter includes a first BAWR  320 , a second BAWR  330 , a first port  301 , a second port  302 , and a first inductor  310 . 
         [0046]    A first connector  321  of the first BAWR  320 , the first port  301 , and a first connector  311  of the first inductor  310  may be connected. A first connector  331  of the second BAWR  330 , the second port  302 , and a second connector  312  of the first inductor  310  may be connected. Also, a second connector  322  of the first BAWR  320  and a second connector  332  of the second BAWR  330  may be connected to ground. That is, the inductor  310  may be substituted for the capacitor  130  of  FIG. 1 . The two BAWRs  320  and  330 , where each single connector is connected to ground, may be connected to the two ports  301  and  302  and the single inductor  310 . 
         [0047]      FIG. 4  illustrates a configuration of an example of a phase shifter including a single BAWR, two inductors, and two ports. 
         [0048]    This example of a phase shifter includes a first BAWR  410 , a first port  401 , a second port  402 , a first inductor  420 , and a second inductor  430 . 
         [0049]    A first connector  421  of the first inductor  420 , the first port  401 , and a first connector  411  of the first BAWR  410  may be connected. A first connector  431  of the second inductor  430 , the second port  402 , and a second connector  412  of the first BAWR  410  may be connected. Also, a second connector  422  of the first inductor  420  and a second connector  432  of the second inductor  430  may be connected to ground. That is, the inductors  420  and  430  may be substituted for the capacitors  220  and  230  of  FIG. 2 . The two inductors  420  and  430 , where each single connector is connected to ground, may be connected to the two ports  401  and  402  and the single BAWR  410 . 
         [0050]      FIG. 5  illustrates a configuration of another example of a phase shifter including a single BAWR, two capacitors, and two ports. 
         [0051]    Here, the example of a phase shifter includes a first BAWR  530 , a first port  501 , a second port  502 , a first capacitor  510 , and a second capacitor  520 . 
         [0052]    A first connector  511  of the first capacitor  510  may be connected to the first port  501 , and a first connector  522  of the second capacitor  520  may be connected to the second port  502 . Also, a second connector  512  of the first capacitor  510  and a second connector  521  of the second capacitor  520  may be connected to a first connector  531  of the first BAWR  530 . A second connector  532  of the first BAWR  530  may be connected to ground. That is, the two capacitors  510  and  520 , where each single connecter is connected to a single port, may be connected to the BAWR  530 , where a single connector is connected to ground. 
         [0053]      FIG. 6  illustrates a configuration of another example of a phase shifter including two BAWRs, a single capacitor, and two ports. 
         [0054]    This example of a phase shifter includes a first BAWR  610 , a second BAWR  620 , a first port  601 , a second port  602 , and a first capacitor  630 . 
         [0055]    A first connector  611  of the first BAWR  610  may be connected to the first port  601 , and a first connector  622  of the second BAWR  620  may be connected to the second port  602 . Also, a second connector  612  of the first BAWR  610  and a second connector  621  of the second BAWR  620  may be connected to a first connector  631  of the first capacitor  630 . A second connector  632  of the first capacitor  630  may be connected to ground. That is, the two BAWRs  610  and  620 , where each single connecter is connected to a single port, may be connected to the capacitor  630 , where a single connector is connected to ground. 
         [0056]      FIG. 7  illustrates a configuration of another example of a phase shifter including a single BAWR, two inductors, and two ports. 
         [0057]    In this example, the phase shifter includes a first BAWR  730 , a first port  701 , a second port  702 , a first inductor  710 , and a second inductor  720 . 
         [0058]    A first connector  711  of the first inductor  710  may be connected to the first port  701 , and a first connector  722  of the second inductor  720  may be connected to the second port  702 . Also, a second connector  712  of the first inductor  710  and a second connector  722  of the second inductor  720  may be connected to a first connector  731  of the first BAWR  730 . A second connector  732  of the first BAWR  730  may be connected to ground. That is, the inductors  710  and  720  may be substituted for the capacitors  510  and  520  of  FIG. 5 . The two inductors  710  and  720 , where each single connecter is connected to a single port, may be connected to the BAWR  730 , where a single connector is connected to ground. 
         [0059]      FIG. 8  illustrates a configuration of another example of a phase shifter including two BAWRs, a single inductor, and two ports. 
         [0060]    Referring to  FIG. 8 , this example of a phase shifter includes a first BAWR  810 , a second BAWR  820 , a first port  801 , a second port  802 , and a first inductor  830 . 
         [0061]    A first connector  811  of the first BAWR  810  may be connected to the first port  801 , and a first connector  822  of the second BAWR  820  may be connected to the second port  802 . Also, a second connector  812  of the first BAWR  810  and a second connector  821  of the second BAWR  820  may be connected to a first connector  831  of the first inductor  830 . A second connector  832  of the first inductor  830  may be connected to ground. That is, the inductor  830  may be substituted for the capacitor  630  of  FIG. 6 . The two BAWRs  810  and  820 , where each single connecter is connected to a single port, may be connected to the inductor  830 , where a single connector is connected to ground. 
         [0062]      FIG. 9  illustrates a configuration of an example of a phase shifter including three BAWRs. 
         [0063]    Here, the phase shifter includes a first BAWR  910 , a second BAWR  920 , a third BAWR  930 , a first port  901 , and a second port  902 . 
         [0064]    A first connector  911  of the first BAWR  910  and a first connector  921  of the second BAWR  920  may be connected to the first port  901 . A second connector  912  of the first BAWR  910  and a second connector  931  of the third BAWR  930  may be connected to the second port  902 . Also, a second connector  922  of the second BAWR  920  and a first connector  932  of the third BAWR  930  may be connected to ground. That is, the two BAWRs  920  and  930 , where each single connector is connected to ground, may be connected to the two ports  901  and  902  and the other BAWR  910 . 
         [0065]    As described above, the examples of a phase shifter may include only a plurality of BAWRs, and thus an energy loss may be reduced, a size of the phase shifter may be reduced, and circuit integration may be more easily performed. 
         [0066]      FIG. 10  illustrates a configuration of another example of a phase shifter including three BAWRs. 
         [0067]    Here, the phase shifter includes a first BAWR  1010 , a second BAWR  1020 , a third BAWR  1030 , a first port  1001 , and a second port  1002 . 
         [0068]    A first connector  1011  of the first BAWR  1010  may be connected to the first port  1001 . A first connector  1022  of the second BAWR  1020  may be connected to the second port  1002 . Also, a second connector  1012  of the first BAWR  1010  and a second connector  1021  of the second BAWR  1020  may be connected to a first connector  1031  of the third BAWR  1030 . A second connector  1032  of the third BAWR  1030  may be connected to ground. That is, the two BAWRs  1010  and  1020 , where each single connector is connected to a single port, may be connected to the other BAWR  1030 , where a single connector is connected to ground. 
         [0069]    As described above, a phase shifter may include only BAWRs, or a BAWR and at least one of a capacitor and an inductor, and thereby reduce an energy loss and be more compact. Also, a phase shifter using a BAWR may be more suitable for circuit integration. 
         [0070]    A number of examples have been described above. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications may be made. For example, suitable results may be achieved if the described techniques are performed in a different order and/or if components in a described system, architecture, device, or circuit are combined in a different manner and/or replaced or supplemented by other components or their equivalents. Accordingly, other implementations are within the scope of the following claims.