Abstract:
A system and method for tailoring of electronic messages by combining in a composite electronic message information with an indication that at least one portion thereof is targeted for at least one predetermined class of recipient; performing a comparison of the indication contained in a received composite message with a predetermined indication of whether a recipient is of a class intended to receive the indicated portion; and passing the indicated portion to the recipient in dependence on the comparison.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    The present invention relates to electronic messaging, and particularly to e-mail and newsletters.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    In the field of this invention it is known that electronic messages such as e-mail and newsletters, because of their ease of use (and particularly the ease which they may be addressed to multiple addressees) are sent in wide proliferation and often indiscriminately.  
           [0003]    Consequently, electronic message recipients may receive a lot of redundant information in electronic newsletters and e-mail. Recipients today spend much time on reading mails where a major or minor part is without any relevance to them and their job role. Also, if an author wants to distribute e-mail or newsletters to specific target groups the author is often forced to produce various versions of a message—one to each target group—to be able to show respectively only the information that might be of interest to each specific target group.  
           [0004]    U.S. Pat. No. 5,819,269 describes a dynamic sorting of (for example) newsgroup postings received by a client based on categories of posting. However, this known sorting allows only for any individual message to be blocked or allowed in its entirety.  
           [0005]    Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 5,619,648 describes filtering of (for example) e-mail at a client to remove junk mail; U.S. Pat. No. 5,999,932 describes a solution where an e-mail as a whole is marked with a kind of status code for filtering; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,884,033 describes filtering Internet material such as e-mail. However, again, in all of these known descriptions filtering is achieved only by blocking or allowing an individual e-mail as a whole.  
           [0006]    Clearly, there is a need for a recipient to be able to receive only that part or those parts of an electronic message having relevance to the recipient. Similarly there is a need for an author to be able to produce a reduced number of different versions of a message, where the message is to be sent to different recipients who may be interested in different parts of the message.  
           [0007]    A need therefore exists for a system and method for tailoring of electronic messages wherein the above-mentioned disadvantages may be alleviated.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0008]    A first aspect of the present invention includes a system for tailoring of electronic messages. The system includes means for combining, in an electronic message, information with an indication that at least one portion of the information should be targeted for at least one predetermined class of recipient, and for producing a composite message; and means for performing a comparison of the indication contained in a received composite message with a predetermined indication of whether a recipient is of a class that should receive the indicated portion and for passing the indicated portion to the recipient in dependence on the comparison.  
           [0009]    A second aspect of the present invention includes a method for tailoring of electronic messages. The method includes the steps of combining, in an electronic message, information with an indication that at least one portion of the information should be targeted for at least one predetermined class of recipient, and for producing a composite message; and performing a comparison of the indication contained in a received composite message with a predetermined indication of whether a recipient is of a class that should receive the indicated portion and for passing the indicated portion to the recipient in dependence on the comparison.  
           [0010]    A third aspect of the present invention includes a method for producing a tailored electronic message. The method includes the steps of combining, in an electronic message, information with an indication that at least one portion of the information should be targeted for at least one predetermined class of recipient, and for producing a composite message, whereby a comparison of the indication contained in a received composite message with a predetermined indication of whether a recipient is of a class that should receive the indicated portion may allow the indicated portion to be passed to the recipient in dependence on the comparison.  
           [0011]    A fourth aspect of the present invention includes a method for processing a tailored electronic message. The method includes the steps of receiving a composite electronic message combining information with an indication that at least one portion of the information should be targeted for at least one predetermined class of recipient; and performing a comparison of the indication contained in the received composite message with a predetermined indication of whether a recipient is of a class that should receive the indicated portion; and passing the indicated portion to the recipient in dependence on the comparison.  
           [0012]    A fifth aspect of the present invention includes a tailored electronic message formed from electronic message information combined with an indication that at least one portion of the electronic message information should be targeted for at least one predetermined class of recipient, whereby a comparison of the indication contained in a received composite message with a predetermined indication of whether a recipient is of a class that should receive the indicated portion may allow the indicated portion to be passed to the recipient in dependence on the comparison. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0013]    A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described in detail by way of example only with reference to the following drawings:  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B show successive stages in composition by an author of an e-mail message for use in the system;  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B show different views of the e-mail message of FIG. 1B by different recipients in the system;  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of elements used in the system;  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 4 shows a flow chart illustrating the process used in a “template maintenance and distribution” element of FIG. 3;  
         [0018]    [0018]FIGS. 5A and 5B show flow charts illustrating alternative versions of the process used in an “Author&#39;s process” element of FIG. 3; and  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 6 shows a flow chart illustrating the process used in a “Reader&#39;s process” element of FIG. 3. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
       [0020]    The present invention in a preferred form is based on identifying, in an electronic message sent to recipients, different portions of the message which are suitable for passing to (i.e, in the present context, viewing by) different classes of recipients. Individual recipients can pre-select (in user templates which are used for comparison when the e-mail is read) which class or classes of information they wish to be passed (i.e, in the present context, they wish to view). As viewed by a recipient, a message includes only the portion(s) resulting from positive comparison between the identification in the message and the pre-selected identification(s) in the recipient&#39;s user template.  
         [0021]    The recipient may set up a template which may be considered a ‘personal interest profile’. The profile is typically not divulged to anybody but is kept private and locally (e.g., at the same site as the user&#39;s mail account information). E-mail and newsletters using this profile will only show the part of the content meeting the criteria in the interest profile.  
         [0022]    The author of a newsletter or e-mail only needs to produce one copy that can be received and read by people with different interest profiles. Recipients may change their profiles (for example, when moving to another role in the recipient&#39;s organisation). After this change has been done, all newsletters and e-mail (previous as well as future) will be tailored for viewing to show information meeting the criteria in the interest profile.  
         [0023]    It will, of course, be understood that the actual mailing and document system must be able to operate with conditional hidden tags (e.g., text elements) which indicate different classifications of different portions of the document.  
         [0024]    For an author, the precise way of operating will depend on the actual mailing/document system used. However, generally:  
         [0025]    1) First, the author writes the whole document, e-mail, newsletter and so forth, including text to all target groups as desired (e.g., groups 1 to n). As shown in FIG. 1A the whole document  10  may have text portions A  11 , B  12 , C  13  and D  14 .  
         [0026]    2) Then, the author marks those text elements/paragraphs that should be visible only to a desired subset of the above target groups (e.g., group 1). As shown in FIG. 1B the text portions B  12  and D  14  may be marked by start and end tags  15  &amp;  16  and  17  &amp;  18 . It will be appreciated that, dependent on the actual mailing/document system, the author might click a pre-tailored button/menu item named “Target group 1”, which would then insert the appropriate formula or tag into the document text, or (after appropriate training) enter the appropriate tag or formula directly into the document text to hide the relevant portion of the document from groups other than the target group 1.  
         [0027]    3) The author distributes/sends the actual document.  
         [0028]    When a recipient (reader) views the e-mail of FIG. 1B, if the reader&#39;s personal interest profile indicates that she/he is intended to view ‘group 1’ information then the text portions B  12  and D  14  marked with the tags  15  &amp;  16  and  17  &amp;  18  respectively are displayed for the reader (along with the other text—portions A  11  and C  13 —which is unrestricted). Thus such a recipient views the e-mail as shown in FIG. 2A.  
         [0029]    However, if the reader&#39;s personal interest profile indicates that she/he is not intended to view ‘group 1’ information then the text portions B  12  and D  14  marked with the tags  15  &amp;  16  and  17  &amp;  18  respectively are not displayed for the reader (only the other text—portions A  11  and C  12 —which is unrestricted). Thus such a recipient views the e-mail as shown in FIG. 2B.  
         [0030]    To read a document prepared and sent by an author as above, potential readers should have received proper introduction to the ‘tailoring’ possibilities that may have been used by the author. Recipients should be aware of the possibility for them to tailor their individual reader&#39;s personal interest profile, for example by a pre-defined button/menu action named “Tailor your interest profile”, or included as a paragraph in a newsletter or other distributed document/mail.  
         [0031]    To maintain a reader&#39;s interest profile, the selections/deselections may be kept locally in a file (e.g., an ‘ini’ file) as a simple character string (e.g., 1 character per selection). Other possible representations for such a file (e.g., 1 bit per selection) will be apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art.  
         [0032]    Reading newsletters/documents/e-mail following this concept: after changing the interest profile, prior and future documents will for the reader be opened only showing the text elements/paragraphs/image or other portions that are intended for one of the reader&#39;s target groups (i.e., meeting one of the selected criteria in the reader&#39;s personal interest profile). A unique element of the invention is that profile changes have impact on all documents that follow this concept—whether prior to or after the reader&#39;s personal interest profile is set up or changed.  
         [0033]    Referring firstly to FIG. 3, a preferred form of the system  100  of the present invention is described, which is based upon three major elements (processes):  
         [0034]    a central process  200  for maintenance and distribution of templates,  
         [0035]    an “author&#39;s process”  300  to support the author of a tailored document, and  
         [0036]    a “reader&#39;s process”  400  to support the recipient to read tailored documents and maintain a personal interest profile.  
         [0037]    Referring now also to FIG. 4, the central process  200  for maintenance and distribution of templates is shown in the form of a flow chart.  
         [0038]    In this central process  200 , which conveniently may be centrally located remote from users of the system (e.g., at a remote server—not shown) maintenance and distribution of templates (which, as will be described in greater detail below, are used by authors and readers in the system) are performed.  
         [0039]    As will be seen, after starting the central process  200  at step  205 , a decision is made at step  210  whether any templates are to be updated: if yes, the process continues to step  215 ; if no, the process continues to step  220 .  
         [0040]    If at step  210  any templates are to be updated, this is performed at step  215  and the updated templates are stored in Central Template Repository  225 . The process then ends at step  240 .  
         [0041]    If at step  210  no templates are to be updated, the process continues to step  220  where, (i) if template updates are to be made available to users, then the relevant templates are distributed to selected users at step  230  and stored in End-user&#39;s Template Repository  235 , and the process then ends at step  240 , or (ii) if template updates are not to be made available to users the process ends at step  245 .  
         [0042]    The “Author&#39;s Process”  300 , to support the author of a tailored document, consists of two alternatives:  300 A (as shown in FIG. 5A) or  300 B (as shown in FIG. 5B).  
         [0043]    Referring firstly to FIG. 5A, in the first alternative process to support the author of a tailored document, the process starts at step  305 . The author decides at step  310  whether she/he wants to send a tailored e-mail and selects the appropriate program accordingly using for example a button, menu action item, and so forth, or by incorporation in all mail/document templates). If a tailored e-mail is not to be sent, the process ends at step  315 . Otherwise the process continues to step  320 .  
         [0044]    At step  320  a decision is made as to whether the first alternative has been chosen: if so the process continues to step  325 ; otherwise the process jumps to the process  300 B (which will be described in greater detail below).  
         [0045]    At step  325  the author writes the whole document, mail, newsletter, and so forth, including text to all target groups 1−n. Then the author identifies and marks those text elements/paragraphs that should be visible only to a particular target group (e.g., group 1). The process then continues to step  330 , where the author checks if any more elements should be similarly identified. If yes, then a further element is identified at step  335  and the process returns to the check at step  330 ; if no, then the process continues to step  340 . At step  340 , with all targeted portions identified and marked as necessary, the author distributes/sends the actual document, and the process ends at step  345 .  
         [0046]    Referring now to FIG. 5B, in the second alternative process  300 B to support the author of a tailored document, the process starts at step  350 . At step  355  a decision is made as to whether the second alternative has been chosen: if no, then the process ends at step  360 ; if yes, then the process continues to step  365 . At step  365  the author writes into a pre-defined document template having different portions identified for viewing by different target groups. For example, the author enters into a pre-defined portion indicated as targeted at group 1 text which is intended for viewing by that group. At step  370 , with all targeted text entered in relevant portions of the template and composition of the entire document completed, the author distributes/sends the actual document, and the process ends at step  375 .  
         [0047]    Referring now to FIG. 6, the “reader&#39;s process”  400  to support a recipient in reading tailored documents and maintaining a personal interest profile begins at step  405 . At step  410  a check is made as to whether the reader wants to read a tailored e-mail: if no, then the process continues to step  415 ; if yes, then the process continues to step  420 .  
         [0048]    At step  420  the desired e-mail is displayed in tailored form to the reader, with only those portions being displayed for which criteria identified in the e-mail match those contained in the reader&#39;s personal interest profile. The template used for opening the e-mail may conveniently be selected automatically, although this is not a necessary condition of the invention—rather, this is a question of desired technical implementation.  
         [0049]    The process then continues to step  425 , at which a check is made as to whether the reader wants to change her/his personal interest profile: if no, then the process continues to step  430 ; if yes, then the process continues to step  435 .  
         [0050]    At step  430  a check is made as to whether the reader wants to distribute a tailored e-mail (now the reader may assume the role of an author—see process  300 A/ 300 B): if no, then the process ends at step  440 ; if yes, then the process jumps to the process  300 A shown in FIG. 5A.  
         [0051]    At step  435  the reader&#39;s changed personal interest profile is sent to the end users&#39; interest profile repository  445 , and the process jumps back to step  420  to return to open the tailored mail, now showing the content consistently with the updated interest profile.  
         [0052]    At step  415  a check is made as to whether the reader wants to change her/his personal interest profile: if no, then the process ends at step  450 ; if yes, then the process continues to step  455 . At step  455  the reader&#39;s changed personal interest profile is sent to the end users&#39; interest profile repository  445 , and the process then ends at step  450 .  
         [0053]    It will of course be appreciated that changes to the above described system will be apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art once taught the present invention. For example, the portions of the electronic document that can be tailored for subsequently passing to the recipient may include not just text but may additionally or alternatively include graphic (static or video) images and/or audio segments. Also, a user&#39;s personal interest profile may be kept private to the user, or may be accessible for change only by an administrator (e.g., to be changed only on authority of an employee&#39;s personnel department when the employee&#39;s job role changes).  
         [0054]    It will be appreciated that the system and methods described above will typically be performed by computer software program(s) which may be transferred on computer readable data carriers such as magnetic or optical disks (not shown).  
         [0055]    It will be understood that the system and method for tailoring of electronic messages described above provides the following advantages:  
         [0056]    The recipient may set up a ‘personal interest profile’, which is not divulged to anybody but is kept private and locally. E-mail and newsletters opened using this profile will only pass (i.e., show or play) the part(s) of the content meeting the criteria in the interest profile, resulting in that, unlike in other known solutions, a user will be able to decide exactly which parts of a document&#39;s content to view/play when a document is opened, independent of the age or status of the document.  
         [0057]    The author of a newsletter or e-mail only needs to produce one copy or version of a message document that can be received and read by people with different interest profiles.  
         [0058]    Recipients may change their profiles (for example when moving to another line in their organisation). After this change has been done, all newsletters and e-mail (both previously-received and those received in future) will be tailored dependent only on the interest profile used when opening the e-mail or newsletter.