Abstract:
A three-dimensional display including a display and a micro-lens is provided. The display has a plurality of pixel units thereon, and each pixel unit has a pixel pitch i. The micro-lens is disposed at a side of the display, the micro-lens has a plurality of lens units thereon, and each lens unit has a lens pitch l. A right eye viewing zone and a left eye viewing zone are formed if an image displayed from the display passes though the micro-lens, wherein a distance between the center of the right eye viewing zone and the center of the left eye viewing zone is w z , and lens pitch l satisfies: 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 2 
                  
                 i 
               
               &gt; 
               l 
               &gt; 
               
                 2 
                  
                 i 
                 × 
                 
                   
                     w 
                     z 
                   
                   
                     
                       w 
                       z 
                     
                     + 
                     i 
                   
                 
               
             
             , 
           
         
       
       
         
           
             w z  is between 70 and 500 mm and i is between 0.1 and 500 μm.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application claims the priority benefit of Taiwan application serial no. 98119484, filed on Jun. 10, 2009. The entirety of the above-mentioned patent application is hereby incorporated by reference herein and made a part of specification. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    1. Field of Invention 
         [0003]    The present invention relates to a display. More particularly, the present invention relates to a three-dimensional display and a three-dimensional display system with a three-dimensional display. 
         [0004]    2. Description of Related Art 
         [0005]    Currently, with the progressive development of the display technology, the viewers demand for higher display quality of the display, such as image resolution, color saturation and etc. However, except for the high resolution and color saturation, whether the display can display a three-dimensional image is a key factor for the viewer to buy the display or not. 
         [0006]    Typically, there are three types of technologies for forming an image, such as the holographic type technology, the multi-plane technology and the parallax-image technology. Since the holographic type technology and the multi-plane technology possess the difficulty of handling huge amount of data and the poor display result, the parallax-image technology becomes the current major stereo image formation technology. The parallax-image technology uses the spatial-multiplexed three-dimensional display technology as the major application technology. In the spatial-multiplexed three-dimensional display technology, the lenticular screen or the parallax barrier is used to form the viewing zones for the right eye and the left eye of the viewer in order to establish the stereo image effect. As shown in  FIG. 1 , the three-dimensional display  100  generates the right-eye viewing zones R 1  and R 2  and the left-eye viewing zones L 1  and L 2  in a particular distance away from the three-dimensional display  100 . Normally, the width of each of the right-eye viewing zones R 1  and R 2  and the left-eye viewing zones L 1  and L 2  is about 65 mm. 
         [0007]    As shown in  FIG. 2A , when the left eye  10   a  and the right eye  10   b  of the viewer are in the left-eye viewing zone L 1  and the right-eye viewing zone R 2  respectively, the viewer can see the three-dimensional image. Since the width of each of the right-eye viewing zones R 1  and R 2  and the left-eye viewing zones L 1  and L 2  is only about 65 mm, the left eye  10   a  and the right eye  10   b  of the viewer are in the right-eye viewing zone R 1  and the left-eye viewing zone L 2  respectively (as shown in  FIG. 2B ) when the viewer slightly moves toward to the left. That is, the left eye  10   a  and the right eye  10   b  of the viewer directly enter the left-right-eye inversion region and will see a reversal view. Hence, it is easy for the viewer to feel dizzy and uncomfortable. Similarly, if the viewer moves toward to the right (as shown in  FIG. 2C ), the left eye  10   a  and the right eye  10   b  of the viewer are in the right-eye viewing zone R 2  and the left-eye viewing zone L 2  respectively. That is, the left eye  10   a  and the right eye  10   b  of the viewer directly enter the left-right-eye inversion region and will see a reversal view also. Hence, the viewer also feels dizzy and uncomfortable. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0008]    Accordingly, at least one objective of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional display and a three-dimensional display system equipped with the three-dimensional display capable of decreasing the feel of dizziness and uncomfortable viewing effect of the viewer due to viewer&#39;s right-and-left movement. 
         [0009]    To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, as embodied and broadly described herein, the invention provides a three-dimensional display comprising a display and a micro-lens. The display has a plurality of pixel units thereon and each of the pixel units has a pixel pitch. The micro-lens is disposed at a side of the display and having a plurality of lens units, wherein each of the lens units has a lens pitch. A right-eye viewing zone and a left-eye viewing zone are formed as an image displayed on the display passes through the micro-lens and a distance between the center of the right-eye viewing zone and the lens pitch satisfies: 
         [0000]    
       
         
           
             
               
                 2 
                  
                 i 
               
               &gt; 
               l 
               &gt; 
               
                 2 
                  
                 i 
                 × 
                 
                   
                     w 
                     z 
                   
                   
                     
                       w 
                       z 
                     
                     + 
                     i 
                   
                 
               
             
             , 
           
         
       
     
         [0000]    wherein i denotes the pixel pitch, l denotes the lens pitch, w z  denotes a distance between the center of the right-eye viewing zone and the center of the left-eye viewing zone, the distance between the center of the right-eye viewing zone and the center of the left-eye viewing zone is about 70˜500 mm and the pixel pitch is about 0.1˜500 μm. 
         [0010]    The present invention also provides a three-dimensional display system comprising a three-dimensional display and a driver circuit electrically connecting to the three-dimensional display. The three-dimensional display comprises a display and a micro-lens. The display has a plurality of pixel units thereon and each of the pixel units has a pixel pitch. The micro-lens is disposed at a side of the display and having a plurality of lens units, wherein each of the lens units has a lens pitch. A right-eye viewing zone and a left-eye viewing zone are formed as an image displayed on the display passes through the micro-lens and the lens pitch satisfies: 
         [0000]    
       
         
           
             
               
                 2 
                  
                 i 
               
               &gt; 
               l 
               &gt; 
               
                 2 
                  
                 i 
                 × 
                 
                   
                     w 
                     z 
                   
                   
                     
                       w 
                       z 
                     
                     + 
                     i 
                   
                 
               
             
             , 
           
         
       
     
         [0000]    wherein i denotes the pixel pitch, l denotes the lens pitch, w z  denotes a distance between the center of the right-eye viewing zone and the center of the left-eye viewing zone, the distance between the center of the right-eye viewing zone and the center of the left-eye viewing zone is about 70˜500 mm and the pixel pitch is about 0.1˜500 μm. 
         [0011]    The present invention further provides a three-dimensional liquid crystal display system comprising a liquid crystal display and a driver circuit electrically connecting to the liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal display comprises a plurality of pixel units thereon and a micro-lens. Each of the pixel units has a pixel pitch. The micro-lens is disposed at a side of the liquid crystal display and having a plurality of lens units, wherein each of the lens units has a lens pitch. A right-eye viewing zone and a left-eye viewing zone are formed as an image displayed on the liquid crystal display passes through the micro-lens and the lens pitch satisfies: 
         [0000]    
       
         
           
             
               
                 2 
                  
                 i 
               
               &gt; 
               l 
               &gt; 
               
                 2 
                  
                 i 
                 × 
                 
                   
                     w 
                     z 
                   
                   
                     
                       w 
                       z 
                     
                     + 
                     i 
                   
                 
               
             
             , 
           
         
       
     
         [0000]    wherein i denotes the pixel pitch, l denotes the lens pitch, w z  denotes a distance between the center of the right-eye viewing zone and the center of the left-eye viewing zone, the distance between the center of the right-eye viewing zone and the center of the left-eye viewing zone is about 70˜500 mm and the pixel pitch is about 0.1˜500 μm. 
         [0012]    In the present invention, according to the description mentioned above, since the distance between the center of the right-eye viewing zone and the center of the left eye viewing zone of the three-dimensional display of the present invention is increased to be about 70˜500 mm, the left eye and the right eye of the viewer enter the right-eye viewing zone or the left-eye viewing zone at the same time as the viewer shifts toward to the right hand side or to the left hand side. Meanwhile, the viewer watches a two-dimensional image. That is, the left eye and the right eye of the viewer see the same image. Therefore, the feel of dizziness and the uncomfortable viewing effect due to the inversion of the vision signal of both eyes can be greatly decreased. 
         [0013]    It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary, and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0014]    The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. 
           [0015]      FIG. 1  is a conventional three-dimensional display which generates several right-eye viewing zones and left-eye viewing zones. 
           [0016]      FIGS. 2A through 2C  are diagrams showing that the right eye and the left eye of a viewer enter the left-right-eye inversion region as the viewer, in a right-left movement, see a reversal view from the conventional three-dimensional display. 
           [0017]      FIG. 3  is a diagram showing a three-dimensional display system according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0018]      FIG. 4  is a diagram showing a three-dimensional display system according to another embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0019]      FIG. 5  is a diagram showing a display and a micro-lens stacked on each other according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0020]      FIGS. 6A through 6C  are diagrams showing that the viewer, if in a right-left movement, sees a two-dimensional image from the three-dimensional display. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0021]      FIG. 3  is a diagram showing a three-dimensional display system according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 3 , a three-dimensional display system comprises a three-dimensional display  200  and a driver circuit  210  electrically connecting to the three-dimensional display  200 . 
         [0022]    The three-dimensional display  200  at least comprises a display  202  and a micro-lens  206 . 
         [0023]    The aforementioned display  202  can be, for example, a flat display such as a liquid crystal display, an organic electro-luminescence display panel, a plasma display panel, an electrophoretic display and other adapted display. Since the aforementioned displays are well-known in the art, the displays are not detailed described herein. The display  202  are electrically connected to the driver circuit  210  and the driver circuits used to drive and control the display  202  to display the image. 
         [0024]    Moreover, the display  202  has several pixel units  202   a  and each of the pixel units  202   a  has a pixel pitch i. The pixel units  202   a  include red (R) pixel unit, green (G) pixel unit and blue (B) pixel unit. In the present embodiment, the aforementioned pixel units  202   a  can be further sorted into right-eye pixel units and left-eye pixel units and the right-eye pixel units and the left-eye pixel units are alternatively arranged in the display  202 . The right-eye pixel units and the left-eye pixel units can be arranged as followings: R R R L G R G L B R B L  or R R G L B R R L G R B L . The image signals from the right-eye pixel units of the display  202  are for the right eye of the viewer to see and the image signals from the left-eye pixel units of the display  202  are for the left eye of the viewer to see. 
         [0025]    The micro-lens  206  is disposed at one side of the display  202  and a distance between the micro-lens  206  and the display  202  is denoted as f. The micro-lens  206  has several lens units  206   a  and each of the lens units  206   a  has a lens pitch l. In the present embodiment, each of the lens units  206   a  of the micro-lens is a Lenticular lens so that the micro lens  206  is constructed by several parallel Lenticular lenses  206   a.  More clearly, as shown in  FIG. 5 , a top view showing the micro-lens  206  stacking on the display  202 , each of the Lenticular lenses  206   a  of the micro-lens  206  covers several pixel units  202   a.  In the present embodiment, each of the Lenticular lenses  206   a  covers two rows of the pixel units  202   a.  However, the present invention is not limited to the arrangement mentioned above. In the other embodiment of the present invention, each of the Lenticular lenses  206   a  can be arranged to be corresponding to one row or two rows of the pixel units  202   a.    
         [0026]    Still, as shown in  FIG. 3 , in the present embodiment, an optical film set  204  is further disposed between the display  202  and the micro-lens  206 . The space between the optical film set  204  and the micro-lens  206  and the space between the optical film set  204  and the display  202  can be filled with adhesive to attach the optical film set  204  onto the micro-lens  206  and onto the display  202 . However, the present invention is not limited to the use of the optical film set  204  and the use of the adhesive for attaching the optical film set onto the display and the micro-lens. 
         [0027]    It should be noticed that, a right-eye viewing zone R and a left-eye viewing zone are formed in a particular location as the image displayed on the aforementioned display  202  passes through the micro-lens  206 . The distance between the center of the right-eye viewing zone R and the display  202  is equal to the distance between the center of the left-eye viewing zone L and the display  202  and is denoted as z. Furthermore, the distance between the center of the right-eye viewing zone R and the center of the left-eye viewing zone is denoted as w z . In the present embodiment, w z  is about 70˜500 mm. Preferably, w z  is about 80˜300 mm. More preferably, w z  is about 100˜200 mm. 
         [0028]    Normally, the relationship between the lens pitch l of the lens unit  206   a  and the distance w z  between the center of the right-eye viewing zone R and the left-eye viewing zone can be described by the following equations: 
         [0000]    
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   l 
                   = 
                   
                     n 
                     × 
                     i 
                     × 
                     
                       
                         z 
                         - 
                         f 
                       
                       z 
                     
                   
                 
               
               
                 
                   equation 
                    
                   
                       
                   
                    
                   
                     ( 
                     1 
                     ) 
                   
                 
               
             
             
               
                 
                   
                     z 
                     = 
                     
                       f 
                       × 
                       
                         ( 
                         
                           
                             
                               w 
                               z 
                             
                             i 
                           
                           + 
                           1 
                         
                         ) 
                       
                     
                   
                   , 
                 
               
               
                 
                   equation 
                    
                   
                       
                   
                    
                   
                     ( 
                     2 
                     ) 
                   
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
         [0029]    wherein l denotes the lens pitch; 
         [0030]    n denotes the number of the viewing zones; 
         [0031]    i denotes the pixel pitch; 
         [0032]    z denotes the distance between the center of the viewing zone and the display; 
         [0033]    f denotes the distance between the display and the micro-lens; 
         [0034]    w z  denotes the distance between the center of the right-eye viewing zone and the center of the left-eye viewing zone. 
         [0035]    It should be noticed that the pixel pitch i is about 0.1˜500 μm and preferably, is about 1˜200 μm. The distance z between the center of the viewing zone and the display is about 10 cm˜5 m. More particularly, if the aforementioned display  202  is a display of the portable phone, the distance z between the center of the viewing zone and the display is about 30 cm˜50 cm. If the aforementioned display  202  is the display of the digital frame, the distance z between the center of the viewing zone and the display is about 70 cm. If the aforementioned display  202  is the display of the monitor, the distance z between the center of the viewing zone and the display is about 100 cm. If the aforementioned display  202  is the display of the television, the distance z between the center of the viewing zone and the display is about 2˜3 m. Moreover, the distance f between the display and the micro-lens can be adjusted if necessary. 
         [0036]    Accordingly, as shown in equation (2), the distance f between the display and the micro-lens can be determined according to the following equation: 
         [0000]    
       
         
           
             f 
             = 
             
               Z 
               
                 
                   ( 
                   
                     
                       w 
                       z 
                     
                     / 
                     i 
                   
                   ) 
                 
                 + 
                 1 
               
             
           
         
       
     
         [0037]    Furthermore, an equation for determining the lens pitch l can be obtained by applying the equation 
         [0000]    
       
         
           
             f 
             = 
             
               Z 
               
                 
                   ( 
                   
                     
                       w 
                       z 
                     
                     / 
                     i 
                   
                   ) 
                 
                 + 
                 1 
               
             
           
         
       
     
         [0000]    in to equation (1) and the equation for determining the lens pitch l is shown as following: 
         [0000]    
       
         
           
             l 
             = 
             
               n 
               × 
               i 
               × 
               
                 
                   w 
                   z 
                 
                 
                   
                     w 
                     z 
                   
                   + 
                   i 
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
         [0038]    The three-dimensional display of the present invention is used to generate two viewing zones (the right-eye viewing zone and the left-eye viewing zone) so that n denoting the number of the aforementioned viewing zones is 2. Thus, the lens pitch l of the present embodiment satisfies the following equation: 
         [0000]    
       
         
           
             
               2 
                
               i 
             
             &gt; 
             l 
             &gt; 
             
               2 
                
               i 
               × 
               
                 
                   w 
                   z 
                 
                 
                   
                     w 
                     z 
                   
                   + 
                   i 
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
         [0039]    More clearly, when the lens pitch l of the lens unit  206   a  of the micro-lens  206 , the pixel pitch i of the pixel unit  202   a  of the display  202  and the distance w z  between the center of the right-eye viewing zone R and the center of the left-eye viewing zone L satisfy the aforementioned equation, the three-dimensional display can generates a right-eye viewing zone R and a left-eye viewing zone L and the distance w z  between the center of the right-eye viewing zone R and the center of the left-eye viewing zone L is about 70˜500 mm and the pixel pitch i of the pixel unit is about 0.1˜500 μm. 
         [0040]    Noticeably, according to the other embodiments, the maximal width of the aforementioned right-eye viewing zone is denoted as w R , the maximal width of the aforementioned left-eye viewing zone is denoted as w L  and w R  is larger than and equal to w z  and w L  is larger than or equal to w z . On the other words, when w R  is equal to w z  and w L  is equal to w z , the right-eye viewing zone R does not overlap the left-eye viewing zone L. When w R  is larger than w z  and w L  is larger than w z , the right-eye viewing zone R partially overlaps the left-eye viewing zone L. 
         [0041]    Accordingly, when the viewer watches the image displayed on the three-dimensional display shown in  FIG. 3  in a way that the left eye  10   a  and the right eye  10   b  of the viewer are in the left-eye viewing zone L and the right-eye viewing zone R respectively, the viewer can see the stereo image or the three-dimensional image. 
         [0042]    When the viewer moves to the right-hand side, as shown in  FIG. 6B , the viewer watches the image in a way that both of the left eye  10   a  and the right eye  10   b  of the viewer are in the left-eye viewing zone L since the distance w z  between the center of the right-eye viewing zone R and the center of the left-eye viewing zone L, in the present embodiment, is about 70˜500 mm. Thus, the viewer can see the plan image or the two-dimensional image. 
         [0043]    Similarly, if the viewer moves to the left-hand side, as shown in  FIG. 6C , the viewer watches the image in a way that both of the left eye  10   a  and the right eye  10   b  of the viewer are in the right-eye viewing zone R since the distance w z  between the center of the right-eye viewing zone R and the center of the left-eye viewing zone L, in the present embodiment, is about 70˜500 mm. Thus, the viewer can see the plan image or the two-dimensional image. 
         [0044]    As shown in  FIGS. 6A through 6C , the three-dimensional display of the present embodiment can generate two dimension-three dimension-two dimension (2D-3D-2D) stereo-image display effect. Hence, when the viewer watches the image display on the three-dimensional display of the present embodiment and moves to the left-hand side or to the right-hand side, the left eye and the right eye of the viewer enter the two-dimensional image zone instead of entering the left-right-eye inversion region. That is, both of the left eye and the right eye of the viewer see the same image. Consequently, the feel of dizziness and the uncomfortable viewing effect due to the inversion of the vision signal of both eyes can be greatly decreased. 
         [0045]    The display  202  shown in the aforementioned embodiment of  FIG. 3  can be, for example, a liquid crystal display, an organic electro-luminescence display panel, a plasma display panel, an electrophoretic display and other adapted display. Since the aforementioned displays are well-known in the art, the displays are not detailed described herein. If the aforementioned display  202  is the liquid crystal display or other non-emission display, the display  202  further comprises a backlight light source. The following embodiment describes a three-dimensional display system using a liquid crystal display. 
         [0046]      FIG. 4  is a diagram showing a three-dimensional display system according to one embodiment of the present invention. The structure shown in  FIG. 4  is similar to that shown in  FIG. 3  but the difference the two embodiments is that the display  202  of the three-dimensional display system  300  is a liquid crystal display comprising a liquid crystal display panel  290  and a backlight module  280 . The liquid crystal display panel  290  comprises a first substrate  250 , a second substrate  260  and a liquid crystal layer  270  disposed between the first substrate  250  and the second substrate  260 . Similarly, the display  202  comprises several pixel units  202   a.  In the liquid crystal display, each of the pixel units  202   a  comprises a data line, a scan line, an active device electrically connected to the data line and the scan line and a pixel electrode electrically connected to the active device, which are all disposed on the first substrate  250 . The second substrate  260  can be a plain substrate or a substrate having an electrode layer disposed thereon. Furthermore, a color filter layer can be, for example, disposed on either the first substrate  250  or the second substrate  260 . 
         [0047]    The backlight module  280  is disposed on the reverse side of the first substrate  250  for providing light beams to the liquid crystal display panel  290 . The backlight module  280  can be, for example but not limited to, a direct type backlight module or a side type backlight module. Moreover, the liquid crystal display panel  290  is electrically connected to the driver circuit  210  and the driver circuit  210  is used to control the liquid crystal display panel  290  to display the image. The backlight module  280  is electrically connected to the driver circuit  210  and the driver circuit  210  is used to control the switch of the backlight module  280 . The driver circuit  210  of the present embodiment represented by the schematic diagram. Practically, the liquid crystal display panel  290  and the backlight module are controlled by the driver devices respectively. 
         [0048]    Similarly, when the viewer watches the image displayed on the three-dimensional display system shown in  FIG. 4 , the viewer can see a stereo image or a three-dimensional image if the left eye and the right eye of the viewer are in left-eye viewing zone L and the right-eye viewing zone R respectively. If the viewer moves toward to the left-hand side or to the right-hand side, both of the left eye and the right eye of the viewer enter either the left-eye viewing zone L or right-eye viewing zone R to see a plan image or a two-dimensional image. Therefore, a 2D-3D-2D stereo-image display effect is generated. 
         [0049]    Accordingly, since the distance w z  between the center of the right-eye viewing zone and the center of the left-eye viewing zone is increase to be about 70˜500 mm, both of the left eye and the right eye of the viewer enter either the left-eye viewing zone L or right-eye viewing zone R to see a two-dimensional image as the viewer moves toward to the left-hand side or to the right-hand side. That is, both of the left eye and the right eye see the same image. Therefore, the feel of dizziness and the uncomfortable viewing effect due to the inversion of the vision signal of both eyes can be greatly decreased. 
         [0050]    It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the structure of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. In view of the foregoing descriptions, it is intended that the present invention covers modifications and variations of this invention if they fall within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.