Abstract:
The present invention relates to methods and systems for receiving and distributing currency. In particular, the present invention provides a novel apparatus for the inflow and outflow of a variety of currency. The systems of the present invention are capable of recycling a variety of currency from multiple countries and multiple denominations. The systems of the present invention have the added advantage of compact size.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    The present invention relates to methods and systems for receiving and distributing cash. In particular, the present invention provides a novel apparatus for the inflow and outflow of a variety of cash.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    The use of automated cash systems such as automated teller machines (ATM) and other automated cash handling systems has become prevalent in the last several years. These systems are used for the deposit and withdrawal of cash, by tellers in banks, and to deposit and distribute currency in a retail setting.  
           [0003]    A customer using an ATM will typically have a card or token with an identifying numerical sequence thereon that is inserted into the ATM, permitting the customer to deposit or withdraw funds from a bank account without interacting with a human teller. One substantial advantage of the ATM is the capability to transact bank business outside normal banking hours. A typical ATM will include a mechanism to dispense cash notes stored within the ATM in response to a customer&#39;s request. In order to maintain an accurate record of the customer&#39;s account, many ATMs also include a mechanism to detect and count cash notes dispensed. However, many ATMs do not include a mechanism to count and confirm deposited cash. In addition, many ATMs do not include mechanisms to recycle and dispense deposited cash.  
           [0004]    Other types of automated banking machines are used to count and dispense cash. These machines are often used by tellers or customer service representatives in banking and other transaction environments. Other automated distribution systems are used in retail settings (e.g., to give change to customers making purchases with cash).  
           [0005]    Automated cash machines are typically used in retail and bank settings where space is at a premium. Most currently available systems are large and take up considerable space. What is needed is a cost-effective, small profile system with cash recycling capabilities. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES  
       [0006]    The following figures form part of the present specification and are included to further demonstrate certain aspects and embodiments of the present invention. The invention may be better understood by reference to one or more of these figures in combination with the detailed description of specific embodiments presented herein.  
         [0007]    [0007]FIG. 1 shows an expanded view of the apparatus of the present invention.  
         [0008]    [0008]FIG. 2 shows a detailed schematic of the note processing portion of an apparatus of some embodiments of the present invention.  
         [0009]    [0009]FIG. 3 shows an expanded view of the note belt transport and motor of an apparatus of the present invention.  
         [0010]    [0010]FIG. 4 shows an expanded view of the apparatus of the present invention comprising a view of the coin processing portion of the apparatus connected to the note processing portion of the apparatus. 
     
    
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0011]    The present invention relates to methods and systems for receiving and distributing cash. In particular, the present invention provides a novel apparatus for the inflow and outflow of a variety of cash.  
         [0012]    Accordingly, the present invention provides an apparatus comprising a system configured to direct inflow and outflow of input coins and notes, wherein the system automatically separates input coins and notes into different denominations and wherein the system reuses the input coins and notes as the output coins and notes. In some embodiments, the coins and notes comprise coins and notes issued by greater than one country. In some embodiments, the coins and notes comprise coins and notes of greater than one denomination. In other embodiments, the coins and notes comprises cash of greater than four denominations. In some embodiments, the system further comprises a single slot for the inflow and/or outflow of notes. In some preferred embodiments, the apparatus is less than 6 cubic feet in volume, and more preferably less than 2 cubic feet in volume. In some embodiments, the system is oriented in a countertop so that during the process of inflow, storage, and outflow, the notes and/or coins move through a countertop. The present invention is not limited to passage through any particular countertop. Indeed, passage through a variety of countertops is contemplated including bank, grocery, retail store, and service station countertops. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a transport belt component in communication with the notes, wherein the transport belt component is configured to receive and deliver notes; and at least one note storage component in communication with the transport belt component, wherein the note storage component is configured to receive notes from the transport belt component and dispense notes to the transport belt component. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises coin and/or note detection components configured to identify and confirm the integrity of the coins and notes input into the apparatus; and in other preferred embodiments one or more note direction changer components operably linked to the transport belt component and the notes storage component, wherein the note direction changer component is configured to direct notes into and out or past each of the note storage components. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a user interface terminal. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a single motor operably linked to the transport belt component, wherein the motor is configured to drive the transport belt component. In some embodiments, the note detection component is a magnetic sensor, wherein the magnetic sensor further comprises an integrated software element. In some embodiments, the integrated software element further comprises a circuit board. In some embodiments, the apparatus is configured for the simultaneous input of coins of greater than four denominations. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a pipe-shaped cover, the cover covering the entire apparatus. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises one or more coin storage components in communication with an upper rotating disk and a lower rotating disk, wherein the upper rotating disk and lower rotating disk are configured to direct coins into and out of the coin storage component. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a coin receiving unit in communication with the upper rotating disk, wherein the coin receiving unit is configured for the input and output of coins. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a coin detection component in communication with the main upper rotating disk.  
         [0013]    The present invention further provides an apparatus for the inflow and outflow of coins and notes comprising a system for receiving and distributing coins and notes, wherein the apparatus comprises both a note handling system and coin handling system and wherein the apparatus is less than 6 cubic feet in volume. In some embodiments, the coins and notes comprise coins and notes issued by greater than one country. In some embodiments, the coins and notes comprise coins and notes of greater than four denominations. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a single slot for the inflow and outflow of notes, and a single coin receiving unit for the infeed and outfeed of coins. In some embodiments, during the process of inflow, storage, and outflow, the notes and/or coins move through a countertop. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a transport belt component in communication with the notes, wherein the transport belt component is configured to receive and deliver notes; and at least one note storage component in communication with the transport belt component, wherein the note storage component is configured to receive notes from the transport belt component and dispense notes to the transport belt component. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a note detection component configured to identify and confirm the integrity of the notes input into the apparatus; and in additional preferred embodiments one or more note direction changer components operably linked to the transport belt component and the note storage component, wherein the note direction changer component is configured to direct notes into and out or past each of the cash storage components. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a user interface terminal. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a single motor operably linked to the transport belt component, wherein the motor is configured to drive the transport belt component. In some embodiments, the note detection component is a magnetic sensor, wherein the magnetic sensor further comprises an integrated software element. In some embodiments, the integrated software element further comprises a circuit board. In some embodiments, the note storage component is a film storage drum. In some embodiments, the film storage drum is configured to hold at least 100 notes. In some embodiments, the note direction changer component is a note direction changer wheel.  
         [0014]    The present invention additionally provides an apparatus for the inflow and outflow of notes comprising a single slot configured for the inflow and outflow of different denominations of the notes. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a transport belt component in communication with the single slot, wherein the transport belt component is configured to receive and deliver the notes to the slot; and at least one note storage component operable linked to the transport belt component, wherein the note storage component is configured to receive notes from the transport belt component and dispense notes to the transport belt component. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a note detection component configured to identify and confirm the integrity of the notes input into the single slot; and one or more note direction changer components in communication with the transport belt component and the storage component, wherein the note direction changer component is configured to direct notes into and out of or past each of the note storage components. In some embodiments, the notes comprises notes issued by greater than one country. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a user interface terminal.  
         [0015]    The present invention also provides an apparatus for the inflow or outflow of notes, the apparatus comprising one or more note direction changer wheels configured to change the flow direction of the notes. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a single slot for the inflow or outflow of the notes. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a transport belt component in communication with the notes, wherein the transport belt component is configured to receive and deliver notes; and at least one note storage component in communication with the transport belt component, wherein the note storage component is configured to receive notes from the transport belt component and dispense notes to the transport belt component. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a note detection component configured to identify and confirm the integrity of the notes. In some embodiments, the notes comprises notes issued by greater than one country. In some embodiments, the notes comprise notes of greater than four denominations. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a user interface terminal.  
         [0016]    In still further embodiments, the present invention provides an apparatus for the inflow of notes, the apparatus comprising a magnetic detection component configured to detect the denomination of the notes. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a single slot for the inflow and outflow of notes. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a transport belt component in communication with the notes, wherein the transport belt component is configured to receive and deliver the notes; and at least one note storage component in communication with the transport belt component, wherein the note storage component is configured to receive notes from the transport belt component and dispense notes to the transport belt component. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises one or more note direction changer components in communication with the transport belt component and the note storage component, wherein the note direction changer component is configured to direct notes into and out of or past each of the note storage components. In some embodiments, the notes comprise notes issued by greater than one country. In some embodiments, the notes comprise notes of greater than four denominations.  
         [0017]    In additional embodiments, the present invention provides a system for infeeding and outfeeding notes and coins, comprising a single note infeed opening configured for the inflow and/or outflow of notes of different denominations into said system; a single coin infeed opening for the input and/or output of coins of different denominations into said system; at least one note detection component configured to identify and confirm the integrity of the notes; at least one coin detection component configured to identify and confirm the integrity of the coins; at least one note storage component; at least one coin storage component; note movement components for moving notes between said note infeed opening and the at least one note storage component; coin movement components for moving coins between the coin infeed opening and said at least one coin storage component; at least one automatic separation component for separating notes into different denominations; and at least one automatic separation component for separating coins into different denominations. In some embodiments, the system is less than 6 cubic feet in volume. In some embodiments, the notes and coins comprise notes and coins issued by greater than one country. In some embodiments, the notes and coins comprise notes and coins of greater than four denominations. In some embodiments, the system further comprises a user interface terminal. In some embodiments, said notes and coins in the process of inflow, storage and outflow move through a countertop. In still further embodiments, outflow of notes occurs through the note infeed open. In still other embodiments, coin outfeed occurs through the coin infeed opening.  
         [0018]    In further preferred embodiments, the present invention provides methods for facilitating the input and output of notes to a customer or other user, comprising providing a system for inflow and outflow of notes and coins, comprising a single note infeed opening for inflow of different denominations of notes into the system; a single coin infeed opening for inflow of different denominations of coins into the system; at least one note detection component configured to identify and confirm the integrity of the notes; at least one coin detection component configured to identify and confirm the integrity of the coins; at least one note storage component; at least one coin storage component, note movement components for moving notes between the note infeed opening and the at least one note storage component; coin movement components for moving coins between the coin infeed opening and the at least one coin storage component; at least one automatic separation component for separating notes into different denominations; and at least one automatic separation component for separating coins into different denominations; and infeeding the notes through said slot. In some embodiments, the notes comprise notes issued by greater than one country. In further preferred embodiments, the notes comprise notes of greater than four denominations. In still further preferred embodiments, the coins comprise coins of greater than four denominations. In other embodiments, the system is less than 6 cubic feet in volume. In some preferred embodiments, the notes and coins in the process of inflow, storage, and outflow move through a countertop. In still other embodiments, the outflow of notes occurs through said note infeed opening. In still further embodiments, the outflow of coins occurs through said coin infeed opening. In some preferred embodiments, the system further comprises a transport belt component in communication with the notes, wherein the transport belt component is configured to receive and deliver notes; the at least one note storage component in communication with the transport belt component, wherein the note storage component is configured to receive notes from the transport belt component and dispense notes to the transport belt component. In other embodiments, the note storage component is a film storage drum. In still other embodiments, the system further comprises a note detection changer component, wherein the note direction changer component is a note direction changer wheel.  
         [0019]    In further preferred embodiments, the present invention provides methods for facilitating infeeding and outfeeding notes of notes to a customer comprising providing a notes input and output system having a notes storage component; accepting input of notes into the system under conditions such that the input notes are stored; and outfeeding at least a portion of input notes so that input notes are reused as output notes. In other embodiments, the system comprises a single slot for the input and output of the notes. In still other embodiments, the single slot for the input and output of the notes is in communication with a single belt for input and output of the notes. In some preferred embodiments, the notes comprise notes issued by greater than one country. In other embodiments, the notes comprise notes of greater than one denomination.  
         [0020]    In still other embodiments of the present invention, methods for facilitating the inflow or outflow of coins from and to a customer are provided, wherein the methods comprising providing an apparatus comprising a first planar member having a hole therein, wherein the hole is configured to accept at least one coin; a second planar member having a cutout therein, wherein the cutout is configured to accept at least one coin; and at least one coin storage unit; wherein the first and second planar members are each movable between at least first and second positions, wherein in the first position the second planar member forms a floor for the hole in the first member and wherein in the second position the hole in the first planar member and the cutout in the second planar member align so that a coin contained in the hole in the first planar member travels through the cutout in the second planar member into the at least one coin storage unit; and accepting infeed of said coins through said coin cup. In preferred embodiments, the methods further comprise the step of confirming the identity of said coins with a coin detection component in communication with the first planar member. In still further preferred embodiments, the coins comprise coins issued by greater than one country. In other preferred embodiments, the coins comprise coins of greater than one denomination.  
         [0021]    In still further embodiments, the present invention provides an apparatus comprising a system for processing coins, wherein the system separates input coins into different denominations and reuses the input coins as output coins, and wherein a last input coin of a denomination is fed out as the first coin of that denomination. In further embodiments, the system comprises a coin detection device, wherein the coins are moved horizontally past the coin detection device by the system. In preferred embodiments, the system comprises a first planar member and the coins are moved past the coin detection device by the planar member. In further preferred embodiments, the system comprises a second planar member and at least one coin storage compartment and the coins are transported to the coin storage compartment by the first and second planar members. In other preferred embodiments, the planar members rotate. In some preferred embodiments, the planar members rotate about a common axis, wherein the axis is in vertical orientation, and the planar members are in horizontal orientation. In particularly preferred embodiments, the system comprises two or less planar members. In further embodiments, the first and second planar members comprise at least one opening and the coins are moved in a horizontal position when located in the one or more openings. In preferred embodiments, the one or more openings are configured to contain one coin at a time. In some embodiments, during the process of outfeeding coins, the second planar member separates the coins one by one from the coin storage compartment and transports the coins to an outfeed opening. In still further embodiments, the outfed coins are presented as a standing pile of coins. In other embodiments, the coins comprise coins issued by greater than one country. In still further preferred embodiments, the coins comprise coins of greater than four denominations. In some embodiments, the system further comprises a single opening for the inflow and outflow of the coins. In further embodiments, the apparatus is less than 3 cubic feet in volume. In some other embodiments, the system is configured in a countertop so that coins move through an opening in a countertop during the processes of inflow and storage, feedout from storage and output of coins to the user. In still further preferred embodiments, the coins are stored lying on top of each other in the coin storage compartment. In still other preferred embodiments, the first planar member is positioned above the second planar member so that by moving the second planar member so that the opening of the second planar member is aligned with the opening in the first planar member the coins fall from the first planar member into or through the second planar member. In other preferred embodiments, the first planar member has an opening therein and further comprises a movable floor beneath the first planar member, movement of the movable floor causing the coins to fall from the first planar member into or through the floor. In some embodiments, the coins move less than 8 inches vertically from infeed to entrance into the storage compartment.  
         [0022]    In other preferred embodiments, the present invention provides a system for inflow and outflow of coins, wherein the system separates input coins into different denominations and reuses the input coins as the output coins, comprising: a) a single coin infeed opening for receiving a plurality of coins; b) a first rotating planar member for separating input coins from the coin infeed opening, the rotating planar member having at least one opening therein configured to accept one coin so that coins are removed from the coin infeed opening by being located in the at least one opening; c) a coin detection device adjacent to the rotating planar member, wherein the rotating planar member moves the coins past the detection device; d) at least one coin storage compartment; and e) a single coin outfeed opening for outfeeding different denominations of coins; wherein the last input coin of a denomination is fed out as the first coin of that denomination from the coin storage compartment.  
         [0023]    In some other embodiments, the present invention provides an apparatus for processing coins comprising a horizontally moving planar member configured to transport coins, wherein the horizontally moving planar member facilitates separation of input coins into different denominations, reuse of the input coins as output coins, separation of coins from an input batch, movement of coins past a coin detection unit, and transport to a storage.  
         [0024]    In further preferred embodiments, the present invention provides an apparatus for processing coins by separation of input coins into different denominations comprising a first horizontally moving planar member, a second horizontally moving planar member that rotates about a common axis with the first horizontally moving planar member, a coin detection device, and at least one coin storage compartment, wherein coins are moved past the coin detection device by rotational movement of the first or second horizontally moving planar members and wherein coins are transported to the storage compartment by the rotational movement of the first and second horizontally moving planar members.  
         [0025]    In other preferred embodiments, the present invention provides methods for facilitating handling of coins comprising: a) providing a system for processing coins by separation of input coins into different denominations comprising: i) a first horizontally moving planar member; ii) a second horizontally moving planar member that rotates about a common axis with the first horizontally moving planar member; iii) a coin detection device; iv) and at least one coin storage compartment; wherein coins are moved past the coin detection device by rotational movement of the first or second horizontally moving planar members and wherein coins are transported to the storage compartment by the rotational movement of the first and second horizontally moving planar members; and b) accepting infeed of the coins. In some embodiments, the system further comprises an opening for the inflow of coins configured to accept a plurality of coins. In other embodiments, the system further comprises a single opening for the inflow and outflow of coins. In preferred embodiments, the coins comprise coins of greater than four denominations. In other preferred embodiments, the system comprises at least four of the coin storage compartments. In still other preferred embodiments, the system is configured in a countertop so that coins move through an opening in a countertop during the process of inflow and storage.  
         [0026]    In still other preferred embodiments, the present invention provides an apparatus for processing coins comprising: a first planar member having a hole therein, wherein the hole is configured to accept at least one coin; a second planar member having a cutout therein, wherein the cutout is configured to accept at least one coin; and at least one coin storage unit; wherein the first and second planar members are each movable between at least first and second positions, wherein in the first position the second planar member forms a floor for the hole in the first member and wherein in the second position the hole in the first planar member and the cutout in the second planar member align so that a coin contained in the hole in the first planar member travels through the cutout in the second planar member into the at least one coin storage unit. In some embodiments, the first and the second planar members are disk-shaped. In other embodiments, the first and the second planar members rotate about a common axis. In further preferred embodiments, the axis is a vertical axis and the first and second planar members are in a horizontal orientation. In other preferred embodiments, the at least one coin storage unit is tube shaped. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a plurality of coin storage units for different denominations of coins, wherein the first and second planar members are movable between a plurality of positions to align the hole in the first planar member with the cutout in the second planar member with the plurality of coin storage units. In preferred embodiments, the coins are transported in a horizontal orientation. In still further preferred embodiments, the coins are stored in the at least one coin storage unit in a horizontal orientation. In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises a coin detection unit. In still other embodiments, the first planar member horizontally moves coins past the coin detection unit.  
         [0027]    In other embodiments, the present invention provides an apparatus for the inflow and outflow of coins comprising: a coin receiving member for receiving a plurality of coins, the coin receiving member having an opening therein; a first planar member having a hole therein, wherein the hole is configured to accept at least one coin and wherein the first planar member is movable between at least first and second positions, wherein in the first position the first planar member forms a floor for the opening in the coin receiving member and in the second position the hole in the first planar member aligns with the opening, and further wherein the movement between the first and the second positions causes one coin to be accepted into the hole; coin detection unit, wherein the first planar member moves the coins past the coin detection unit; second planar member having a cutout therein, wherein the cutout is configured to accept at least one coin, the second planar member movable between at least first and second positions, wherein in the first position the second planar member forms a floor for the hole in the first planar member; t least one coin storage unit, wherein the first and second planar members are movable to align the hole in the first planar member and the cutout in the second planar member align so that a coin contained in the hole in the first planar member travels through the cutout in the second planar member into the at least one coin storage unit; a coin storage unit motor for expelling coins from the coin storage unit through the cutout in the second planar member into the hole in the first planar member; coin outfeed unit in communication with the coin receiving member, the first planar member movable to a position wherein the coin in the hole is deposited into the coin outfeed unit; and motor in the coin outfeed unit for expelling coins collected in the coin outfeed unit into the coin receiving member.  
         [0028]    Definitions  
         [0029]    To facilitate understanding of the invention, a number of terms and phrases are defined below:  
         [0030]    As used herein, the term “user interface terminal” refers to a terminal (e.g., a computer screen and a computer processor) functionally linked to a cash handling system of the present invention. Such terminals are used for communication with users (e.g., for inputting the value of cash deposited or withdrawn) and other systems (e.g., central communications servers or other cash distribution systems). In some embodiments, communication occurs over the Internet. Consequently, some user terminals further comprise web servers.  
         [0031]    As used herein, the terms “computer memory” and “computer memory device” refer to any storage media readable by a computer processor. Examples of computer memory include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, computer chips, digital video disc (DVDs), compact discs (CDs), hard disk drives (HDD), and magnetic tape.  
         [0032]    As used herein, the term “computer readable medium” refers to any device or system for storing and providing information (e.g., data and instructions) to a computer processor. Examples of computer readable media include, but are not limited to, DVDs, CDs, hard disk drives, magnetic tape and servers.  
         [0033]    As used herein, the terms “processor” and “central processing unit” or “CPU” are used interchangeably and refers to a device that is able to read a program from a computer memory (e.g., ROM or other computer memory) and perform a set of steps according to the program.  
         [0034]    As used herein, the terms “money” refers to any medium which can be exchanged for something of value. Examples of money include, but are not limited to, notes, coins, money orders, and cashier checks.  
         [0035]    As used herein, the term “cash” refers to notes and coins. As used herein, the term “denominations” refers to notes and coins of different value (e.g., one dollar, five dollar, quarters, dimes, etc.).  
         [0036]    As used herein, the term “currencies” refers to money of different countries (e.g., euros, pounds, pesos, kroner, francs, dollars, etc.).  
         [0037]    As used herein, the term “notes” refers to paper money. As used herein, the term “coins” refers to metal money.  
         [0038]    General Description of the Invention  
         [0039]    The present invention relates to methods and systems for receiving and distributing cash. In particular, the present invention provides a novel apparatus for the inflow and outflow of a variety of cash. Currently available systems for the inflow and outflow of cash have several disadvantages relative to the systems of the present invention.  
         [0040]    For example, the Cross International HT 8000 (Cross International Technologies) is able to accept multiple denominations of notes but recycle only one denomination of notes and is relatively expensive ($50,000).  
         [0041]    THE FACT—Asp (Fujitsu ICL Financial Services Division) is able to accept six denominations of coins and three denominations of notes but is only able to recycle two note denominations. Diebold markets the CashSource Plus 400P. This is primarily a cash dispenser, where the merchants may refill the unit themselves with in-store-cash.  
         [0042]    CashGuard makes a product that recycles notes and coins. However, the user must sort the notes into different slots in the machine by hand. The users may also feed in only one coin at the time, as opposed to inputting a batch of coins that are automatically separated and sorted. De La Rue makes the TwinSafe II system. This unit recycles notes up to 8 different denominations, but is not capable of handling coins.  
         [0043]    In contrast, the cash handling system of the present invention is able to accept and recycle multiple denominations of cash (e.g., notes and coins), as well as currencies from multiple countries. The apparatus is much easier to use, due to the combination of both coin and note recycling, and the through the countertop operation procedure. Novel design features result in an apparatus that is less than 30% of the size of currently available apparatus. Such an apparatus is uniquely suited for a variety of retail, public, and banking settings.  
         [0044]    Accordingly, in some embodiments, the present invention provides automated cash handling apparatuses, systems, and methods for the intake and output of cash documents (e.g., notes and coins). In some preferred embodiments, the apparatus is smaller than those currently available. In other embodiments, the apparatus contains a single cash transport belt system driven by a single motor, providing the advantage of using the same slot for the input and output of cash. In still other embodiments, the apparatus includes a single magnetic sensor controlled by an integrated software program. In yet other embodiments, the apparatus includes foam rubber drums for changing the direction of notes. The automated cash handling systems and methods of the present invention thus provide multiple points of novelty as well as advantages in efficiency of use.  
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0045]    A. Cash Handling Apparatus  
         [0046]    FIGS.  1 - 4  show the cash handling unit of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, an apparatus  100  of the present invention is a generally cylindrical or pipe-shaped apparatus. The apparatus comprises a slot  110  for the inflow and outflow of notes and a transport belt component  115  (not shown in its entirety, refer to FIG. 2 below for an schematic depiction). The apparatus further comprises a note detection component (not shown in FIG. 1) configured to confirm the integrity and value of deposited notes. The apparatus additionally comprises a note direction changer component (not shown in FIG. 1) configured to direct notes into, out of, or past one or more note storage components (not shown in FIG. 1). In further preferred embodiments, the apparatus  100  further comprises a coin recycling unit  120  for providing inflow and outflow of coins from the apparatus  100 . The apparatus  100  further comprises an upper surface  125 , which in preferred embodiments can be a countertop as described in more detail below.  
         [0047]    [0047]FIG. 2 provides a detailed view of preferred embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention. The cash handling apparatus  100  of the present invention comprises a single transport belt component  200  for the transport of notes. The transport belt component  200  provides a single track  205  for the transport of notes. The transport belt component  200  comprises five coacting belts  210 ,  215 ,  221 ,  222  and  223 . Notes are held between the belts  210 ,  215 ,  221 ,  222  and  223  as they are moved along the belt transport component  200 . The belts  210 ,  215 ,  221 ,  222 , and  223  are comprised of any suitable material, including but not limited, to rubber. The transport belt component  200  is controlled by a plurality of crowned wheel/belt pulleys (e.g.,  230 ,  231 ,  232 ,  233 ,  234 , and  235 ) and is driven by a wheel  240 .  
         [0048]    [0048]FIG. 3 shows a side view of the motor and wheel assembly of an apparatus of the present invention. The wheel  240  (i.e., a driving belt pulley), which is preferably steel or plastic, contains a shaft  300  (preferably steel or plastic). A motor  310  turns the shaft  300 , which turns the wheel  240 , thus driving the movement of the transport belt  215 . The present invention is not limited to the use of any particular motor. Any suitable motor may be utilized, including but not limited to, those manufactured by Sonceboz and Mabuchi. The crowned wheel/belt pulley  315  contains a shaft  320  to allow for the crowned wheel to turn. As can also be seen, a wheel  272  (preferably made of rubber) is turned by the shaft  271 , which is driven by the motor  273 .  
         [0049]    Referring back to FIG. 2, the crowned wheel/belt pulleys (e.g.  230 ,  231 ,  232 ,  233 ,  234 , and  235 ) direct the transport belt component  200 . The belts  221 ,  222 , and  223 , also turn on crowned wheel/belt pulley assemblies (e.g.,  235 ). The belts  221 ,  222  and  223  also serve to direct the belt transport component  200 .  
         [0050]    Still referring back to FIG. 2, notes are deposited through the single opening  250  and travel along the transport belt component  200  to a detection component  255 . An example of a note  260  between the two coacting belts  210  and  215  is shown in FIG. 2. The present invention is not limited to any particular detection component. Any suitable detection component may be utilized in the apparatus of the present invention. In some embodiments, the detection component  255  is a magnetic sensor (e.g., including but not limited to, magnetic sensors similar to those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,960,103 and 6,047,886; each of which is herein incorporated by reference). In some embodiments, the magnetic sensor is controlled by computer software and a computer processor. In some preferred embodiments, the computer processor and software are integrated with the cash handling apparatus via an integrated circuit board (i.e., the same software controls the apparatus also controls the magnetic sensor).  
         [0051]    In other embodiments, the detection component is similar to the bill testing arrangement described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,975,273 and 5,533,627 (herein incorporated by reference) are utilized to determine the authenticity and value of deposited notes. In still other embodiments, the detection component is similar to the sensor unit described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,074,081 (herein incorporated by reference). In yet other embodiments, the detection component is similar to the illumination device and sensor described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,061,121 (herein incorporated by reference). In still further embodiments, the detection component is similar to the detector described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,101,266 and 5,923,413 (herein incorporated by reference) or the document sensor described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,241,244 (herein incorporated by reference).  
         [0052]    Counterfeit notes are returned to the user. In some embodiments, the user is also given a confirmation (e.g., on a user interface terminal or via a printed receipt) of the amount of cash to be deposited.  
         [0053]    Following confirmation of the integrity (e.g., whether or not the note is counterfeit) and value of the deposited notes, notes are directed further down the transport belt to one of a plurality (e.g., 4) of storage components  265 . One of the storage components will now be described in more detail. Notes are directed into a storage component  265  via a note direction changer component  270 . In some embodiments, the note direction changer component  270  comprises a wheel  271  (made of rubber in some preferred embodiments) and a shaft  272  driven by a motor  273 . The direction of notes is changed by turning the currency around the wheel  271 . To deposit notes into the storage component  265 , the wheel  271  is turned in the opposite direction of the main belt  210 .  
         [0054]    The present invention is not limited to the note direction changer component described above. Indeed, the present invention encompasses any component configured to direct cash (e.g., notes and coins) into and out of storage component  265 , including but not limited to, the path selector mechanism described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,680,935 and the gate mechanisms described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,109,522 and 6,170,818 (each of which is herein incorporated by reference).  
         [0055]    In some embodiments, the storage component  265  comprises first  266  and second  267  film storage drums and note storage drum  268 . As notes are transported into the storage component  265 , they are encased between first  276  and second  277  sheets of plastic film or foil or any other suitable material. The first  276  and second  277  sheets of plastic film are spooled on the first  266  and second  267  film storage drums, respectively. The plastic film  273  encasing the notes is wound around the shaft  269  in the note storage drum  268  until the drum is full. Each film storage drum  266  and  267  contains a shaft (e.g., comprised of steel)  280  driven by a motor  285  (See FIG. 3). In some embodiments, the note storage drum  268  is capable of holding at least 100 notes. Each note storage drum  268  holds one or more types of notes. In some embodiments, greater than one of the drums  268  holds the same type of cash. For example, a more commonly deposited denomination may be contained on two or more drums and a less commonly deposited denomination or type of cash may be contained on only one drum. The amount of notes and note identifying information (e.g., value and issuing country) stored on each note storage drum is stored in memory by the integrated software element.  
         [0056]    The present invention is not limited to the storage components described above. Indeed, the present invention contemplates a variety of storage components, including but not limited to, the drums, cassettes and other storage components described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,064,074, 5,628,258, 5,533,627 and PCT publication WO 00/31694; each of which is herein incorporated by reference.  
         [0057]    The apparatus of the present invention is configured to recycle deposited cash from all of the storage components  265 . When a user wishes to withdraw cash or change is given, the amount to be dispersed is relayed to the cash handling apparatus (e.g., via a user interface terminal and keypad or automated). Cash is removed from one or more (depending on the value and identity of the cash to be dispersed) storage components  265  using the motor  285  connected to the storage component  265  and the motor  273 . connected to the currency direction changer component  270 . The motor  285  is reversed and notes are spooled out of the drum  265 . In embodiments utilizing the cash direction changer wheel  271  shown in FIG. 2, the wheel  271  is reversed (i.e., it is turned in the opposite direction of the main belt) by the shaft  272  and the motor  273 . Cash is spooled out of the plastic film/foil  273  and onto the belt component  205 . Cash is then transported along belt  215  and out the opening  250 . In some embodiments, the user is then provided with a receipt indicating the value of the dispensed cash.  
         [0058]    The cash handling apparatus of the present invention is also configured for the in-and outfeed of coins. FIG. 4 shows a view of the coin recycling unit  120  of the apparatus. All coins  405  are deposited in the coin receiving unit  410  in the cover  412 . In preferred embodiments, the coin receiving unit  410  is generally cup-shaped. The bottom of the coin receiving unit  410  has therein an opening  407 . An upper rotating planar member, preferably an upper rotating planar disk  415  forms a floor for the coin receiving unit  410  and rotates about an axis (not shown). The upper rotating disk  415  has therein a hole  420  therein for receiving coins. In preferred embodiments, the hole  420  is generally, but not limited to a circular shape. Coins are separated by gliding one at the time into the hole  420  in the rotating disk  415 . The upper rotating disk  415  is preferably designed so that only one coin at a time is removed from the opening  407  in the coin receiving unit  410 . The coin is then transported by the upper rotating disk  415  past a sensor  422  that identifies the coins and causes the coins to be sorted. In preferred embodiments, the sensor  422  is a magnetic sensor and the coin is transported along its horizontal plane to the sensor  422 . The coin is then transported by the rotating disk  415  to a position directly above one of a plurality of storage compartments e.g.,  426 ,  427 ,  428 ,  429 ,  430 , and  431 . An apparatus of the present invention may comprise one or more storage compartments. Preferably, the coin is also kept in a horizontal orientation for this step.  
         [0059]    The apparatus further comprises a lower rotating disk  435  having an upper surface  440  and having therein a cutout  445 . In preferred embodiments, the upper rotating disk  415  and lower rotating disk  435  rotate about the same axis. In preferred embodiments, the cutout  445  is generally circular in shape. The lower rotating disk  435 , the upper surface  440  of which functions as a floor for the hole  420  in the upper rotating disk  415 , rotates so that the cutout aligns with the hole  420  in the upper rotating disk  415  to open a passage to a preselected (i.e., by the coin detection component) storage compartment,  426 ,  427 ,  428 ,  429 ,  430 , or  431 . The upper rotating disk  415  and lower rotating disk  435  then rotate into new positions, ready to receive or feed out new coins.  
         [0060]    In order to outfeed coins, the coins are lifted by a motor (not shown) from a storage compartment,  426 ,  427 ,  428 ,  429 ,  430 , or  431 , through the cutout  445  in the lower rotating disk  435  and placed into the hole  420  in the upper rotating disk  415 . Preferably, the hole  420  is configured so as to accept only a single coin. The upper rotating disk  415  then rotates, with the coin positioned in the hole  420 , until the coin is deposited in the coin outfeed tube  425 . In preferred embodiments, all of the coins that are to be outfed during a particular transaction are accumulated into the outfeed tube  425  prior to deposit into the coin receiving unit  410 . A motor (not shown) caused the coin(s) to be transported out into the coin receiving unit  410 . In preferred embodiments, the coin processing component of the apparatus communicates with the note processing component.  
         [0061]    The cash handling apparatus of the present invention is configured for the deposit and recycling of a variety of currencies and denominations. Unique design features including a single transport belt component  215 , single magnetic sensor component  255 , note direction changer  270  and a single opening  250 , minimize the size of the apparatus. An additional design feature that minimizes size and complexity of operation is that the note processing component of the apparatus of the present invention operates in only two dimensions. This allows the cash to remain perpendicular to the sides and panels of the device without changing planes more than once. Furthermore, the apparatus of the present invention utilizes a single driving motor for the transport belt component. These unique features combine to result in cash handling systems that are useful in a variety of settings where the deposit and recycling of cash is performed.  
         [0062]    It will be further understood that additional apparatuses or systems of the present invention include a plurality of the individual units described above. Thus, in some embodiments, of the present invention apparatuses are provided that comprise at least one, or preferably two or more, individual cash handling units. These apparatuses can be arranged in a variety of configurations. For example, the individual units can be arranged side by side, or they can be physically separate, for example arranged at each checkout counter in a store. In preferred embodiments, the individual units are networked so as to be in communication with one another to act a single device or system.  
         [0063]    In particularly preferred embodiments, the apparatus of the present invention may be installed in a countertop of a gasoline station, bank, grocery store or any other retail outlet or other setting where handling of cash is required. The apparatus of the present invention is not limited to use in particular countertop settings. Indeed, countertop is defined broadly herein to include any physical barrier between a customer utilizing an apparatus of the present invention and the storage components of the apparatus. In preferred embodiments, notes and coins are fed through the countertop through the single openings for notes and coins. The notes and coins are then automatically sorted by the apparatus into different denominations and stored below the countertop in the note and coin storage components. The stored notes and coins are then recycled for outflow cash and fed through the single note and coin openings, across the countertop, to the customer.  
         [0064]    As can be seen, the apparatuses and systems of the present invention find a variety of uses. In particularly preferred embodiments, the apparatuses and systems provide for the reuse or recycling of money that is input into the system. In other words, money input into to the system by one user is stored and then is redistributed to another user of the system.  
         [0065]    The coin recycling unit of the present invention also has many unique features. The unit features a single component, the upper rotating disk  415 , that 1) separates coins from a batch of coins one by one; 2) transports the coins past a detection device; 3) transports coins to coin storage unit; 4) separates coins one by one during coin outfeed; and 5) transports the coins to an outfeed component. Furthermore, the coin recycling unit exhibits a great economy of space as the coins move less than 4 inches (vertical height) from infeed to storage to outfeed. The coin recycling unit is also different from previously described coin handling systems in that separation and transportation of coins is accomplished by rotating parts. Furthermore, the coin recycling unit of the present invention is different from prior art systems in that the coins are maintained in a horizontal orientation during coin separation, transportation, and storage. Additionally, separation and transport are performed with horizontally oriented components. Finally, the coin recycling unit of the present invention is unique in that the coins are stored in tube-shaped receptacles and are stacked upon each other. This is in contrast to other coin handling systems wherein the coins are stored in box and fed out through the bottom of the storage box.  
         [0066]    B. The Apparatus in Use  
         [0067]    The cash handling systems of the present invention find use in a variety of commercial (e.g., retail) and banking settings. The following examples are illustrative and are not meant to limit the present invention. One skilled in the art recognizes that systems such as those of the present invention find utility in additional settings requiring the handling and recycling of currency.  
         [0068]    The cash handling systems of the present invention find particular utility in countries where a variety of currencies are utilized. For example, the capability of the apparatus of the present invention to recycle cash of multiple countries make it particularly suited for use in European Union (EU) countries where both the Euro and the currencies of the particular country are accepted. One can envision a customer entering a retail setting (e.g., a grocery store) in a EU country (e.g., Germany) and paying for a purchase in multiple denominations of Euros, Deutsch Marks, or a combination. The Euros and/or Deutsch Marks are input into an apparatus of the present invention. Depending on the customer&#39;s and business&#39;s preference, the apparatus provides change in multiple denominations of Deutsch Marks, Euros, or a combination. Alternatively, in a non EU country (e.g., in an Asian country), the customer pays for an receives change in the multiple denominations of the same currency. In some embodiments, the apparatus is run by an employee of the business. Alternatively, the entire transaction is automated, thus saving the added expense of hiring a cashier.  
         [0069]    In some embodiments, the apparatus of the present invention finds use in self service retail settings such as gasoline fueling stations. For example, many such stations comprise user serviced terminals attached to gasoline pumps for purchasing fuel. Such stations typically are used only for credit or debit card purchases. However, the apparatus of the present invention allows customers to purchase fuel with cash (e.g., notes or coins) of multiple denominations and receive change in multiple denominations.  
         [0070]    The apparatus of the present invention additionally finds use in bank settings (e.g., as an ATM or operated by a bank teller). In particular, the apparatus finds utility in banks in EU countries. Customers in such countries may desire to deposit and obtain funds in multiple currencies. For example, a bank customer in England may wish to obtain cash in Pounds and Euros. The customer can withdraw and deposit both Pounds and Euros into a bank account (e.g., via a teller operating an apparatus of the present invention or via an ATM). The apparatus of the present invention allows the teller (or ATM) to use a single cash handling apparatus for multiple cash deposits and withdraws, thus decreasing the added expense of purchasing multiple cash handling apparatuses for different currencies.  
         [0071]    In additional embodiments, the cash handling system of the present invention finds use in an international airport in cash exchange applications. Travelers arriving from another country enter cash (e.g., from their home country or Euros in an EU country or a combination) and receive cash of the destination country or Euros in an EU country, or a combination. The automated nature of the apparatus of the present invention, as well as its capability to input and output multiple currencies, make it particularly suited for such an application.  
         [0072]    All publications and patents mentioned in the above specification are herein incorporated by reference. Various modifications and variations of the described compositions and methods of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Although the invention has been described in connection with specific preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the invention should not be unduly limited to such specific embodiments. Indeed, various modifications of the described modes for carrying out the invention which are obvious to those skilled in mechanics, engineering, electronics or related fields are intended to be within the scope of the following claims.