Abstract:
Systems and methods provide security intelligence knowledge of network communications. Particularly, VoIP packetized data being communicated over the network, together with other types of data communications over the network, is monitored and detected. From the VoIP packetized data, select portions or streams of the VoIP packetized data are identified. The select packetized data is then matched to a fingerprint or other indicia that indicates that the data is suspect for security intelligence knowledge purposes. The matched data is translated for purposes of taking security precautions based on the content of the security intelligence knowledge so gleaned.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    The present invention generally relates to packetized communications and, more particularly, relates to Voice-over-Internet Protocol (VoIP) network telephony and security intelligence systems and methods therefor.  
           [0002]    In Voice-over-Internet Protocol (VOIP) telephony systems, analog voice signals are digitized and transmitted as a stream of packets over a digital data network. These systems enable real-time transmission of the voice signals as packetized data over networks that employ digital network communications protocols, including Transport Control Protocol (TCP), Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and other Internet Protocol (IP) and network protocol suites. The digital networks that carry VoIP include the Internet and other digital data communications channels, such as public and private wired or wireless networks, WAN, LAN, WLAN, Wi-Fi, intranets/extranets, enterprise networks, and other conventional communications connectors and implementations and combinations thereof.  
           [0003]    In the IP networks for voice communciations, individual digital data packets are constructed corresponding to analog voice signals. The packets follow efficient and independent paths over the networks to the intended destination. Packets associated with a particular source in such networks can, thus, take many different paths to the destination for the packets. The packets can arrive at the destination with different delays, arrive out of sequence, or not arrive at all. The destination for the packets must re-assemble and convert the packets back to original analog voice signals.  
           [0004]    The current VoIP communications can comply with several possible standards, and it is expected that varied and additional standards will arise. The most commonly followed standard at present appears to be the ITU-T H.323 standard, although other standards employed include H.248, H.323, IETF, ITU, IETF TFC 2885, Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP), and Session Initiation Protocol or IETF RFC 2543 (SIP), among others. Generally, each of the various standards in VoIP implementations do not encompass all aspects of VoIP communications. The variations among the various standards, and also the networks and equipment therewith employed, include algorithms, bandwidth allocations, packet loss recovery, compression, speech processing, and other concepts for improved communications, efficiencies, and speed.  
           [0005]    In general, the VoIP technology (whatever it may be, in the particular circumstance) allows voice calls originated and terminated at standard telephones supported by the public switched telephone network (PSTN) to be conveyed over IP networks. Gateways for the VoIP digital data packets provide the bridge between the local PSTN and the IP network, at both the originating and terminating sides of a VoIP call. To originate a call, the calling party accesses a nearby gateway, either by a direct connection or by placing a common analog call over the local PSTN and entering the desired destination phone number. The VoIP technology translates the destination telephone number into a network address, i.e., an IP address, associated with a specific terminating gateway at the destination of the call. At the terminating gateway, a call is initiated to the destination phone number over the local PSTN to establish end-to-end two-way communications. Thereafter, the analog voice signals entered on each end are digitized into packets and communicated over the packet network at each respective transmitting gateway, and the digitized packets so communicated are reassembled and translated back into the analog voice signals corresponding to the received packets from the network at each respective terminating gateway.  
           [0006]    Security intelligence and prevention of terrorism and similar threats continue to become increasingly important measures in today&#39;s society. Digital communications, including, for example, VoIP communications, as with any other types of communication, can be employed in ways that further the threats. Moreover, the current trends towards handling voice communications on VoIP networks—because of the efficiency, cost, and other benefits of digital networks—indicate that VoIP communications will continue and become more pervasive means for communications as time passes. Thus, it is likely that such VoIP communications (as with all types of communications) can and will used by terrorists, criminals and other subversives in furthering illicit schemes of societal threats and concerns.  
           [0007]    It would be advantageous in the art and technology to provide new security measures for application to communications in network environments, particularly for VoIP and other digital communications in those environments. The present invention provides security intelligence solutions for VoIP and other types of communications. Furthermore, the present invention provides numerous advantages and improvements in the art and technology.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0008]    An embodiment of the invention is a system for obtaining security intelligence knowledge. The system includes a packetized data detector and a voice recognizer attached to the packetized data detector.  
           [0009]    Another embodiment of the invention is a method for obtaining security intelligence knowledge of VoIP communications. The method includes detecting a packetized VoIP data and recognizing an analog voice pattern of the packetized VoIP data  
           [0010]    Yet another embodiment of the invention is a system for obtaining security intelligence knowledge of a VoIP packetized data. The system includes a packetized data detector for detecting select ones of the VoIP packetized data and a voice recognizer attached to the packetized data detector, for translating the VoIP packetize data to a representation of an analog voice signal.  
           [0011]    Another embodiment of the invention is a method for obtaining security intelligence knowledge of VoIP communications. The method includes obtaining a select packetized VoIP data from a network of multiple types of communications and translating the select packetized VoIP data to a representation of an analog voice signal. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0012]    The present invention is illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the accompanying figures, in which like references indicate similar elements, and in which:  
         [0013]    [0013]FIG. 1 illustrates a system for obtaining security intelligence knowledge of VoIP communications on a packetized data communications network, such as the Internet, according to certain embodiments of the invention;  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 2 illustrates a method for obtaining security intelligence knowledge of VoIP communications on a packetized data communications network, such as the Internet, according to certain embodiments of the invention;  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 3 illustrates a method, expanding on the operations of the method of FIG. 2, for performing voice recognition operations and translation of VoIP communications, according to certain embodiments of the invention; and  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 4 illustrates a method, expanding on the operations of the method of FIG. 2, for varying the steps and results of the method of FIG. 2 in accordance with an artificial intelligence (or learning) process for the method, according to certain embodiments of the invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0017]    Referring to FIG. 1, a system  100  for performing VoIP network security and activity intelligence includes a network  102 . The network  102  is any communications system of interconnected communicating devices, such as the Internet, an intranet, a virtual private network, or other directly or indirectly communicatively interconnected individual or pluralities of components, elements, processors, or processes. The network  102  communications are operable according to a packetized protocol, such as the transport control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) or some other packetized communications protocol. The network  102 , such as the Internet, interconnects various computing and communications devices, as is typical. The interconnections of the network  102  are any of a wide variety of communications network connectors, including, for example, wired, wireless, fiber, coax cable, PSTN, cellular, infrared, radio frequency, WAN, LAN, WLAN, Wi-Fi and other conventional communications connectors and implementations and combinations thereof.  
         [0018]    The network  102  is connected to a first gateway  104  and a second gateway  106 . The first gateway  104  is connected to a first telephone  108 , and the second gateway  106  is connected to a second telephone  110 . The first telephone  108  and the second telephone  110  can be any of a wide variety of communications input devices, whether or not conventionally identified as “telephone”. In any event, the significance of the first telephone  108  and the second telephone  110  with respect to the network  102  is that the network  102  operates by carrying packetized data, whereas the first and second telephones  108 ,  110  provide output of analog sound signals corresponding to the packetized data carried by the network  102 . The first and second gateways  104 ,  106  connect the first and second telephones  108 ,  110 , respectively, to the network. The gateways convert and translate from packetized data to and from analog signals, and vice versa.  
         [0019]    In particular arrangements, the first telephone  108  connects to the first gateway  104  and analog signals pass on the connector between the first telephone  108  and the first gateway. Similarly, in the arrangement, the second telephone  110  connects to the second gateway  106  such that analog signals pass on the connector therebetween. Although the first and second telephones  108 ,  110  are illustrated in FIG. 1 as independent devices from the respective first and second gateways  104 ,  106 , the telephone and gateway can be combined or otherwise implemented in any particular configuration. Moreover, other or additional devices can be included as and for the connector between any respective telephone and gateway, such as telephone switches and the like. In essence, the FIG. 1 illustration is merely intended as exemplary, but not in any manner restrictive, in order to show the analog and digital packetized sources and correspondence of those sources.  
         [0020]    The first and second gateways  104 ,  106  each receive from and send to the respective first and second telephones  108 ,  110 , various communications corresponding to packetized data at the first and second gateways  104 ,  106  from the network  102 . The gateways  104 ,  106 , or elements configured or attached thereto, communicate over the network  102  according to packetized communications protocols of the network  162 . For example, the network  102  between the gateways  104 ,  106  can be the Internet and digitized data packets are communicated thereover according to TCP/IP and other Open Source Interconnect (OSI) model protocols.  
         [0021]    Continuing to refer to FIG. 1, a security intelligence application server  120  is communicatively connected to the network  102 . The server  120  is connected to the network  102  at any point in the network  102  suitable for providing application services over and on the network  102 . Particularly, VoIP communications over the network  102  are routed through the server  120  in embodiments. Alternatively, desired information about or of the VoIP communications over the network  102 , is routed through the server  120 .  
         [0022]    The server  120  performs several distinct application steps to provide security intelligence information regarding VoIP communications so routed over the network  102 . The server  120  is a computer, a software application, an independent processing device, or any of a wide variety of other elements or combinations of elements that are capable of providing the functionality of the server  120  in security intelligence as described herein. Although as herein illustrated and specifically described the security intelligence application server  120  is a server computer of the network  102 , the server  120  and its functionality could be included in any router, switch or other device of the network  102  or as an extension or addition to the network  102 .  
         [0023]    Referring to FIG. 2, the security intelligence application server  120 , in any event, performs several functions of a method  200 . The server  120  monitors VoIP communications of packetized voice data on the network  102 ; detects desired information from or of the data packets in the VoIP communications; identifies fingerprints, i.e., particular bit streams, within the data packets; and acts on matches of the fingerprints indicative of security or other intelligence or information. The method  200  provides security intelligence monitoring and knowledge of VoIP communications in a network, for example, the network  102 . In the method  200 , a step  202  monitors a communications channel for packetized voice data, for example, VoIP data packets in VoIP communications over a network. The step  202  of monitoring can be continuous, intermittent, or as otherwise desired in the particular security intelligence arrangement.  
         [0024]    During the step  202  of monitoring, a step  204  of detecting determines that particular, desired data or information is then being communicated. The detecting step  204  ascertains, in real time, particular data bits, such as a particular bit stream or streams, of the data as and when being communicated. The particular data detected in the step  204  is packetized voice data, such as in VoIP signals. Moreover, the particular data detected in the step  204  is chosen in the step  204  because of particular significance of the data, such as from match of the data as having significance to a fingerprint or other indicator.  
         [0025]    In a step  206  of the method  200 , the selected particular data detected in the step  204  is identified as having significance or importance, by virtue of a characteristic of the data or of a sender or other relevant characteristic of or to the data. For example, the characteristic for identification in the step  204  can include such details as a fingerprint or match of data bits, a sending or receiving address, a communications pathway or protocol, a type of the data, or other characteristic or combination of characteristics. In any event, the identifying step  206  distinguishes the particular data as important to security intelligence knowledge or information involving VoIP communications.  
         [0026]    A step  208  of matching is then performed with the identified data from the step  206 . The matching step  208  functions to bit pattern match the VoIP data to bit patterns (i.e., fingerprints) maintained in a directory or database associated with the method  200 . In the step  208 , packetized data is compared to the database of data fingerprints. The data fingerprints of the database are indicative of VoIP information that, on voice recognition operations with the fingerprints, yields voice information that is important to security or other applications. For example, packetized data that is detected and identified in the method  200  as having significance to security intelligence, is compared to the data fingerprints of the database. The data fingerprints are each, themselves, select packetized VoIP data strings or sequences that have security intelligence significance when voice recognized. The step  208  looks-up detected and identified data to determine any match to the data fingerprints of the database.  
         [0027]    If there is any match in the step  208  (either an exact, substantial, or other match, as desired for security intelligence operations), then the detected packetized VoIP data is analyzed and assessed in a step  210  of the method  200 . In the step  210 , a wide variety of logical operations can be performed with the VoIP data. For example, calculations of extent of match, fetch and analysis of additional data from the same or otherwise related source, retention of particular data sequences and data of particular timing or genre, and other analyses and assessment is performed. As those skilled in the art will understand and appreciate, the step  208  can include any of a wide variety of operations intended to gain security intelligence knowledge from the particular packetized VoIP data and also from the related communications, sources, channels, timing, and other aspects of the particular data, in order to more fully glean desired knowledge of communications.  
         [0028]    Upon performance of the step  210 , the method  200  can proceed in several ways. In one of the ways, certain steps of the method  200  can be repeated, on the data or other data and the like, as indicated by the feedback loop of a step  222 . For example, additional VoIP data can be monitored, detected and so forth, to ascertain multiple indicators or greater knowledge of security intelligence-related VoIP communications and other data communications. Of course, the repeated steps of the method  200  and the desired results from the repetition in any instance is dictated by the objective of the security intelligence determinations and the implementation to achieve the objectives.  
         [0029]    Another way that the method  200  can proceed is indicated by a step  220 . In the step  222 , an ancillary action to the method  200  is triggered. This ancillary action of the step  222  can be any of a wide variety of steps or activities, for example, a notification, flag, initiation of another application, emergency precaution, or other next act. In certain embodiments, the step  222  will either directly, or indirectly after performance of additional processing or other operations, serve to notify proper authorities of the security intelligence knowledge observed and obtained in the method  200 . For example, the step  222  can include such actions as notifying law enforcement authorities, signaling crises, invoking particular computerized or network response, or any of numerous other possibilities.  
         [0030]    Referring to FIG. 3, a particular way that the method  200  can proceed includes a next step  302  of voice recognition, in an expanded method  300 . In the method  300 , the method  200 , on completion of the step  222 , passes the suspect VoIP packetized data to a voice recognition application. The voice recognition application performs the recognizing step  302 . The voice recognition step  302  translates the suspect VoIP data to understandable language, for example, into an English-language transcript useable by a human of the substantive information of the voice communication data. The voice recognition step  302  can include features for distinguishing, recognizing and making useable any of a wide variety of languages, multiple languages, varied dialects, and the like. The step  302  can also include or invoke additional operations with or on the voice information, as translated or otherwise of useable form. For example, encryption or other scrambling or secretly coded and so forth, can be decrypted and deciphered in or in conjunction with the step  302 . The actions in the step  302  can include both automated and manual processes, as applicable.  
         [0031]    Referring to FIG. 4, a method  400  includes steps of the method  200  and an additional step  402  of artificial intelligence—e.g., or “learning”. In the step  402 , the method  200  is refined, tweaked and adjusted, in the various steps thereof, in order to progressively better operate for providing security intelligence knowledge. Particularly, the step  402  can continuously cause bit stream fingerprints to be added to the database for matching operations. Also, the step  402  can narrow or more specifically focus detection to more desirable streams of the VoIP data over the network. The step  402  can also serve to change variables and operations of any voice recognition functions, based on the detection and other steps of the method  200 . Notwithstanding the specific possibilities for the step  402  just listed, the step  402  can include any of a wide variety of other or additional functions, steps, and actions, depending on the desired results of the method  400  and other factors.  
         [0032]    The specific embodiments herein described are examples, and are not intended to be and are not exclusive, as scalability and other physical and logical constraints and opportunities can be exploited in any particular implementation or arrangement in practice. As for scalability, the systems and methods can be physically or virtually located, as the case may be, at any appropriate gate, device, switch, router, server, or other feature of the VoIP communications channels and network. The decision of location and configuration at a switch, router, server, or other feature of the network can include consideration of factors of the extent of any sampling versus logical detection schemes, or other implementation events. For example, if random sampling of continuous data streams is employed for detection of particular VoIP packets, then greater physical requirements of storage and processing can be required, than in situations in which some mechanism is included to detect only certain indices or criteria of the entire data streams in order to obtain the particular VoIP packets. Numerous variations, too extensive and variable to each describe specifically herein, but which will be understood and apparent to those skilled in the art, based upon all the foregoing, are possible. All such variations are included here.  
         [0033]    In the foregoing specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, one of ordinary skill in the art appreciates that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. Accordingly, the specification and figures are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.  
         [0034]    Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above with regard to specific embodiments. However, the benefits, advantages, solutions to problems and any element(s) that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as a critical, required, or essential feature or element of any or all the claims. As used herein, the terms “comprises, “comprising,” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.