Abstract:
A vehicle air-conditioning control method includes: calculating an air-conditioning reference temperature for an interior of a vehicle on the basis of an in-vehicle temperature measured by an in-vehicle temperature sensor provided inside a vehicle that runs between stations, an outside air temperature measured by an outside air temperature sensor provided on the exterior of the vehicle, an in-vehicle humidity measured by a humidity sensor provided inside the vehicle, and a vehicle occupancy rate measured by a load-compensating sensor provided in the vehicle; determining an air-conditioning control pattern for performing air-conditioning of the inside of the vehicle on the basis of the air-conditioning reference temperature; and controlling a vehicle air-conditioning apparatus on the basis of the air-conditioning control pattern, wherein the data of a preceding vehicle is received, and is used in air-conditioning control of a following vehicle.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to a vehicle air-conditioning control method for controlling air-conditioning of the interior of a railway vehicle. 
       BACKGROUND ART 
       [0002]    Generally known examples of a vehicle air-conditioning control method include that shown in  FIG. 10 . That is, in the vehicle air-conditioning control method of the related art, as shown in  FIG. 10 , electric power input from a pantograph  23  is supplied to an auxiliary power-supply device  24 , whereby an air-conditioning power is generated and is supplied to an air-conditioning apparatus  25 . The air-conditioning apparatus  25  uses an air-conditioning control apparatus  26  so as to control the number of operating units, the operating frequency, and the running time of air-conditioning compressors inside the air-conditioning apparatus  25 , or so as to control the running speed of an electric motor of an indoor fan, thereby performing air-conditioning performance control. 
         [0003]    The air-conditioning control apparatus  26  has a microcomputer incorporated thereinto, and an air-conditioning reference temperature stored in a storage area is subjected to various corrections and is sequentially calculated. The various corrections are calculated on the basis of an in-vehicle temperature measured by an in-vehicle temperature sensor  28  provided inside the vehicle, an outside air temperature measured by an outside air temperature sensor  30  provided on the exterior of the vehicle, an in-vehicle humidity measured by a humidity sensor  29  provided inside the vehicle, and the occupancy rate of this vehicle, which is measured by a load-compensating sensor  31  provided in the vehicle. 
         [0004]    Hitherto, regarding vehicle occupancy rate and outside air temperature, the vehicle occupancy rate and the outside air temperature when a vehicle is running are measured. Furthermore, there is a method in which inter-station vehicle occupancy rate information for each time zone, which is created in advance on the basis of actual results, has been stored in storage means as inter-station vehicle occupancy rate information on a day of the week basis, on a day of the month basis, on a vehicle operation form basis, or on a vehicle basis (see, for example, PTL 1). 
         [0005]    In addition, there is a method in which control of air-conditioning performance is performed on the basis of an air-conditioning load, which is predicted on the basis of the environment information at the present time and the environment information stored in the past (see, for example, PTL 2).
       In addition, there is a method in which data including the driving information on an air conditioner and the position information of the vehicle is transmitted periodically to a management computer, and the management computer stores the data and performs processing (see, for example, PTL 3).       
 
       CITATION LIST 
     Patent Literature 
       [0000]    
       
         PTL 1: Japanese Patent No. 3842688 
         PTL 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2000-071740 
         PTL 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2009-7006 
       
     
       SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     Technical Problem 
       [0010]    However, such a vehicle air-conditioning control method of the related art has the following problems. 
         [0011]    In a case where correction of an air-conditioning reference temperature is to be performed on the basis of a vehicle occupancy rate when a vehicle is running, since temperature control is performed in such a way that the number of operating units of air-conditioning compressors incorporated into an air-conditioning apparatus, the operating frequency thereof, and the driving time period thereof are controlled after correction is performed, or the running speed of an electric motor of an indoor fan is controlled so as to make the temperature inside the vehicle approach the air-conditioning reference temperature, it takes time from when the vehicle arrives at the next station until a target air-conditioning reference temperature at which passengers feel comfortable is reached after the vehicle occupancy rate changes. 
         [0012]    Furthermore, in a case where correction of an air-conditioning reference temperature is to be performed on the basis of inter-station vehicle occupancy rate information for each time zone, which is created in advance on the basis of actual results stored in storage means in which inter-station vehicle occupancy rate information on a day of the week basis, on a day of the month basis, on a vehicle operation form basis, or on a vehicle basis is stored, there is a problem that a database that stores the information becomes large, hardware and software that predict an inter-station vehicle occupancy rate and the like are necessary, and it takes a lot of time to perform calculation processes. Furthermore, the stored inter-station vehicle occupancy rate has a problem in that a reliable vehicle occupancy rate cannot be predicted, and the inside of the vehicle cannot be air-conditioned comfortably. 
         [0013]    In addition, also, in means for predicting an air-conditioning load on the basis of the environment information stored in the past, there is a problem that the database becomes large, hardware and software that predict an air-conditioning load on the basis of environment information are necessary, and it takes a lot of time to perform calculation processes. 
         [0014]    The present invention is made to solve, problems described above. 
       Solution to Problem 
       [0015]    The vehicle air-conditioning control method according to the present invention is a vehicle air-conditioning control method including: calculating an air-conditioning reference temperature for an interior of a vehicle on the basis of an in-vehicle temperature measured by an in-vehicle temperature sensor provided inside a vehicle that runs between stations, an outside air temperature measured by an outside air temperature sensor provided on the exterior of the vehicle, an in-vehicle humidity measured by a humidity sensor provided inside the vehicle, and a vehicle occupancy rate measured by a load-compensating sensor provided in the vehicle; determining an air-conditioning control pattern for performing air-conditioning of the inside of the vehicle on the basis of the air-conditioning reference temperature; and controlling a vehicle air-conditioning apparatus on the basis of the air-conditioning control pattern. The data of a preceding vehicle, which is measured between the next station and the station after the next station for a following vehicle, is transmitted to the following vehicle from a same train car of the preceding vehicle on the same line, which is assumed to be substantially the same environment as that in which the following vehicle is placed. The change of the air-conditioning control pattern based on the change of air-conditioning performance is performed before the arrival at the next station on the basis of the data received by the following vehicle. On the basis of the changed air-conditioning control pattern, a vehicle air-conditioning apparatus, in which the number of operating units of air-conditioning compressors incorporated thereinto, the operating frequency thereof, and the running time thereof are controlled, or a running speed of an electric motor of an indoor fan is controlled, the vehicle air-conditioning apparatus being mounted in the following vehicle, controls an air-conditioning apparatus so as to make the interior of the vehicle comfortable when the following vehicle departs from the next station. 
       Advantageous Effects of Invention 
       [0016]    According to the present invention of the vehicle air-conditioning control method, by taking means such as the above, a preceding vehicle transmits data detected thereby to a following vehicle, and the following vehicle creates an optimum in-vehicle environment on the basis of the data. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         [0017]      FIG. 1  is a conceptual view illustrating an example of the configuration of a vehicle to which a vehicle air-conditioning control method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied. 
           [0018]      FIG. 2  is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a vehicle air-conditioning control apparatus to which the vehicle air-conditioning control method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied. 
           [0019]      FIG. 3  is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a vehicle air-conditioning control apparatus to which the vehicle air-conditioning control method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied. 
           [0020]      FIG. 4  illustrates an example of the in-vehicle temperature and the change behavior of an air-conditioning control pattern when a vehicle air-conditioning control method of the related art is performed. 
           [0021]      FIG. 5  illustrates an example of the in-vehicle temperature and the change behavior of an air-conditioning control pattern when the vehicle air-conditioning control method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied. 
           [0022]      FIG. 6  illustrates an example of the in-vehicle temperature and the change behavior of an air-conditioning control pattern when a vehicle air-conditioning control method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is applied. 
           [0023]      FIG. 7  illustrates an example of the change behavior of an in-vehicle temperature, the speed pattern of a ventilation fan, and the presence or absence of a tunnel when a vehicle air-conditioning control method of the related art is performed. 
           [0024]      FIG. 8  illustrates an example of the change behavior of an in-vehicle temperature, the speed pattern of a ventilation fan, and the presence or absence of a tunnel when a vehicle air-conditioning control method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is applied. 
           [0025]      FIG. 9  illustrates an example of the change behavior of an in-vehicle temperature, the speed pattern of a ventilation fan, and the presence or absence of a tunnel when a vehicle air-conditioning control method according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention is applied. 
           [0026]      FIG. 10  is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle air-conditioning control apparatus of the related art. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Embodiment 1 
       [0027]      FIG. 1  is a conceptual view illustrating an example of the configuration of a vehicle to which a vehicle air-conditioning control method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied, and  FIG. 2  is a functional block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a vehicle air-conditioning control apparatus to which the vehicle air-conditioning control method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied. 
         [0028]    In  FIGS. 1 and 2 , a vehicle air-conditioning control apparatus for A vehicle  1  that runs between an X station  3  and a Y station  4 , to which the vehicle air-conditioning control method according to the present embodiment is applied, includes an air-conditioning apparatus  8 , an air-conditioning control apparatus  9 , an in-vehicle temperature sensor  10 , an in-vehicle humidity sensor  11 , an outside air temperature sensor  12 , a load-compensating sensor  13 , a data receiving unit  14  for receiving data  6  obtained between the Y station  4  that is a station next to the X station  3  and a Z station  5  that is a station next to the Y station  4 , which is transmitted from another B vehicle  2  on the same vehicle operation form basis, which runs on the same line and directly ahead of the A vehicle  1 , and a transmission unit  15  through which the A vehicle  1  transmits data to a vehicle that follows on the same line in the same manner as for the data  8  that is transmitted by the B vehicle  2 . 
         [0029]    Examples of the data  6  of the B vehicle  2 , which is received by the data receiving unit  14 , include a vehicle operation form  16  of the B vehicle  2 , position information  17  of the B vehicle  2 , information on each train car  18  of the B vehicle  2 , an in-vehicle temperature  19  in each train car  18 , an in-vehicle humidity  20  in each train car  18 , an outside air temperature  21  in each train car  18 , and a vehicle occupancy rate  22  in each train car  18 . 
         [0030]    Among the above, the air-conditioning apparatus  8 , the air-conditioning control apparatus  9 , the in-vehicle temperature sensor  10 , and the in-vehicle humidity sensor  11  are provided for each vehicle. Although  FIG. 2  illustrates a configuration in which the outside air temperature sensor  12 , the load-compensating sensor  13 , the data receiving unit  14 , and the data transmission unit  15  are provided for each vehicle, the outside air temperature sensor  12 , the load compensating sensor  13 , the data receiving unit  14 , and the data transmission unit  15  may be included for each train. 
         [0031]      FIG. 2  illustrates a configuration in which, regarding the data  6  transmitted to the data receiving unit  14 , the in-vehicle temperature  19  in the train car  18 , the in-vehicle humidity  20  in the train car  18 , the outside air temperature  21  in the train car  18 , and the vehicle occupancy rate  22  in the train car  18  are transmitted; instead of the in-vehicle temperature  19 , a signal output from the in-vehicle temperature sensor may be used, instead of the in-vehicle humidity  20 , a signal output from the in-vehicle humidity sensor may be used, instead of the outside air temperature  21 , a signal output from the outside air temperature sensor may be used, and instead of the vehicle occupancy rate  22 , a signal output from the load-compensating sensor may be used. 
         [0032]    In addition, in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , the data  6  is transmitted directly from the B vehicle  2  to the A vehicle  1 ; as in  FIG. 3 , the data  6  may be transmitted to the A vehicle  1  via a terrestrial service computer  7 . 
         [0033]    Descriptions will be given below, with reference to  FIG. 2 , to an embodiment of a vehicle air-conditioning control apparatus to which the vehicle air-conditioning control method that is configured in this manner is applied. 
         [0034]    The in-vehicle temperature sensor  10  of the A vehicle  1 , which is provided inside the vehicle, measures the temperature inside the vehicle, and outputs an in-vehicle temperature sensor signal, which is the result of the measurement, to the air-conditioning control apparatus  9  of the A vehicle  1 . 
         [0035]    The in-vehicle humidity sensor  11  of the A vehicle  1 , which is provided inside the vehicle, measures the humidity inside the vehicle, and outputs an in-vehicle humidity sensor signal, which is the result of the measurement, to the air-conditioning control apparatus  9  of the A vehicle  1 . 
         [0036]    The outside air temperature sensor  12  of the A vehicle  1 , which is provided on the exterior of the vehicle, measures the temperature on the exterior of the vehicle, and outputs an outside air temperature sensor signal, which is the result of the measurement, to the air-conditioning control apparatus  9  of the A vehicle  1 . 
         [0037]    The load-compensating sensor  13  of the A vehicle  1 , which is provided in the vehicle, detects the occupancy rate of the vehicle, and outputs a vehicle occupancy rate signal, which is the result of the measurement, to the air-conditioning control apparatus  9  of the A vehicle  1 . For the load-compensating sensor  13 , sensors in general use may be used and, for example, an electrical load-compensating sensor or a mechanical load-compensating sensor may be used. 
         [0038]    Before a predetermined time prior to the time when the A vehicle  1  is expected to arrive at the Y station  4  next, the air-conditioning control apparatus  9  of the A vehicle  1  predicts the air-conditioning reference temperature when the A vehicle  1  will be running between the Y station  4  at which the A vehicle  1  arrives next, and the Z station  5  which is the station after the Y station on the basis of the data  6 , such as the outside air temperature  21  and the vehicle occupancy rate  22  received from the B vehicle  2 . 
         [0039]    Then, the air-conditioning apparatus  8  is controlled on the basis of an air-conditioning control pattern corresponding to the air-conditioning reference temperature. However, in a case where the B vehicle  2  runs apart from the A vehicle  1  by a certain time (for example, 30 minutes) or more, the environments of the B vehicle  2  and the A vehicle  1  may have changed, and the embodiment is not performed. This time can be changed. 
         [0040]    If, as in the related art, the air-conditioning reference temperature between the Y station  4  and the Z station  5  at the point of departure from the Y station  4  is set, the air-conditioning control pattern is changed, and the air-conditioning apparatus is controlled, it takes a time of T 1  until the actual in-vehicle temperature reaches the air-conditioning reference temperature as shown in  FIG. 4 . During this time of T 1 , since the inside of the vehicle reaches a temperature higher than a comfortable air-conditioning reference temperature, passengers feel uncomfortable. 
         [0041]    In a case where Embodiment 1 is applied, as shown in  FIG. 5 , the air-conditioning reference temperature is changed before a predetermined time T 2  prior to the expected arrival time to the Y station  4 , and the air-conditioning control pattern is changed. Since the in-vehicle temperature of the A vehicle  1  reaches the air-conditioning reference temperature, which is for the vehicle to run through the Y station  4  and the Z station  5 , at the time of arrival to the Y station  4 , it is possible to prevent the in-vehicle environment from becoming an uncomfortable environment. The predetermined time T 2  can be changed. 
         [0042]    Since the vehicle air-conditioning control apparatus to which the vehicle air-conditioning control method according to Embodiment 1 has such a configuration as described above, it is possible to change, before the vehicle arrives at the next station, the air-conditioning control pattern to an air-conditioning control pattern corresponding to the air-conditioning reference temperature when the vehicle runs between the next station and the station after the next station. As a result, from the point when the vehicle arrives at the next station and departs from the next station, comfortable air-conditioning of the inside of the vehicle can be performed. 
       Embodiment 2 
       [0043]    Embodiment 2 will be described with reference to  FIG. 6 . 
         [0044]    Although, in Embodiment 1, the timing at which the air-conditioning reference temperature is changed is set to be before the predetermined time prior to the arrival to the Y station  4 , in Embodiment 2, the air-conditioning reference temperature is changed before a predetermined distance L 1  from the Y station  4 . The other points are the same as those described in Embodiment 1. The predetermined distance L 1  can be changed. 
       Embodiment 3 
       [0045]    Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to  FIGS. 2 ,  7  and  8 . 
         [0046]    In Embodiments 1 and 2 described above, the A vehicle  1  that follows changes the air-conditioning reference temperature on the basis of the data  6  received from the B vehicle  2  that runs ahead of the A vehicle  1 . However, in a vehicle air-conditioning control apparatus to which Embodiment 3 is applied, when the position information  17  and the outside air temperature  21  are received from a preceding vehicle and the outside air temperature changes suddenly, a running speed of a ventilation fan is changed before a predetermined time prior to the time when the vehicle reaches the position at which the outside air temperature increases. 
         [0047]    In a case where a running vehicle enters a tunnel at an A spot and the outside air temperature increases suddenly, for example, and the vehicle air-conditioning control method of the related art is used, since the in-vehicle temperature increases for the time period of T 3  as shown in  FIG. 7 , passengers feel uncomfortable. 
         [0048]    In a case where Embodiment 3 is applied, as shown in  FIG. 8 , when the running speed of the ventilation fan is controlled before a predetermined time  14  prior to the time when the vehicle arrives at the A spot at which the outside air temperature increases suddenly, it is possible to prevent the in-vehicle temperature from increasing even after the vehicle arrives at the A spot. The predetermined time T 4  can be changed. 
         [0049]    Furthermore, in the above description, the running speed of the ventilation fan is controlled. However, the opening/closing of a damper provided in an outside air intake opening may be controlled, or the running speed of the indoor fan may be controlled. 
       Embodiment 4 
       [0050]    A description will be given below, with reference to  FIG. 9 , of Embodiment 4. 
         [0051]    In Embodiment 3 described above, the timing at which the running speed of the ventilation fan is changed is set to be before the predetermined time prior to the time when the outside air temperature increases suddenly. However, in Embodiment 4, the running speed of the ventilation fan is changed before a predetermined distance L 2  from the spot where the outside air temperature increases suddenly. The other points are the same as those described in Embodiment 3. The predetermined distance L 2  can be changed. 
         [0052]    Although preferred Embodiments 1 to 4 of the present invention have been described in the foregoing while referring to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such configurations. A person skilled in the art can conceive various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical concept described in the claims, and it should be understood that those changes or modifications fall within the technical scope of the present invention. 
       REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 
       [0053]    A vehicle,  2  B vehicle,  3  X station,  4  Y station,  5  Z station,  6  data transmitted from B vehicle,  7  service computer,  8  air-conditioning apparatus,  9  air-conditioning control apparatus,  10  in-vehicle temperature sensor,  11  in-vehicle humidity sensor,  12  outside air temperature sensor,  13  load-compensating sensor,  14  data receiving unit,  15  data transmission unit,  16  vehicle operation form information,  17  mileage information,  18  train car information,  19  in-vehicle temperature,  20  in-vehicle humidity,  21  outside air temperature,  22  vehicle occupancy rate,  23  pantograph,  24  auxiliary power-supply device,  25  air-conditioning apparatus,  26  air-conditioning control apparatus,  27  information control device,  28  vehicle temperature sensor,  29  outside air temperature sensor,  30  outside air temperature sensor,  31  load-compensating sensor