Abstract:
The present invention relates to a multimedia mobile terminal capable of transmitting and receiving signals compliant with several standards in the UHF band. It comprises:
       a receiver receiving a first signal compliant with a first standard in a first frequency band,
           a first transmitter capable of transmitting a second signal compliant with a second standard in a second frequency band different from the first frequency band and partially intersecting the first frequency band,   
           wherein,   between the receiver and the antenna, a calibrated band-rejection filter comprising at least one variable element enabling the selection of a rejection frequency by the control voltage of said variable element.   a filtering control element to store the control voltage values and the associated rejecting frequency values determined during a calibration procedure and to transmit according to the second frequency of the first transmitter the stored control voltage of said variable element of said band-rejection filter.

Description:
[0001]    This application claims the benefit, under 35 U.S.C. §365 of International Application PCT/EP2011/059728, filed Jun. 10, 2011, which was published in accordance with PCT Article 21(2) on Jan. 5, 2012 under international publication number WO2012000777 in English and which claims the benefit of French patent application No. 1055318, filed Jul. 1, 2010. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The present invention relates to a multimedia mobile terminal capable of transmitting and receiving signals compliant with several standards in the UHF band. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    The growing number of multimedia services and standards used for the implementation of these services, such as the standards GSM (Global System for Mobile communications), WiFi (Wireless Fidelity), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), GPS (Global Positioning System), DVB-T (Digital Video Broadcasting—Terrestrial), DVB-H and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), makes the management of the radio frequency spectrum more and more difficult. 
         [0004]    In this context, it was decided to assign to these services at least part of the resources of frequencies released by the switchover of television broadcasting from analogue mode to digital mode. The sub-band [790 MHz-862 MHz], commonly called digital dividend, has already been assigned for these service types. The programmed switchover to all-digital will also enable the local use, under certain conditions, of channels in the UHF band [470 MHz-790 MHz] for the broadcast of digital television but also for other applications and services. This band of frequencies, commonly called “white space” is the subject of great interest on the part of all actors in the domain of multimedia and telecommunications services. Moreover, this band of frequencies is particularly sought after by telecommunications operators, due to a superior level of efficiency with respect to frequencies higher than 1 GHz, in terms of coverage and penetration of buildings, and in terms of very much lower costs for the creation and operation of networks. 
         [0005]    Access to these new frequencies will generate the development of user terminals, particularly mobile terminals, offering to users in mobile situations or at home a wide range of services (digital television, telephone, Internet, etc.). These multimedia terminals will integrate more and more new functions to respond, on one hand, to the multiplication of access networks, and, on the other hand, to the emergence of new applications and services, such as for example digital television on mobile terminals or home wireless networks. 
         [0006]    In this context, one of the major issues is to enable the mobile terminal to transmit and receive simultaneously signals belonging to the same band of frequencies, particularly in the digital dividend or “white space”, and corresponding to different applications or services, without the reception being too degraded. 
         [0007]    For example, in the case of a mobile terminal capable of receiving a DVB-H signal and accessing a WiMAX type mobile network and a GSM type mobile telecommunications network, said terminal must be capable when it accesses the WiMAX network and/or the GSM network, of receiving DVB-H signals although the frequency of WiMAX signals transmitted by the terminal is very close to the frequency of the DVB-H signal. In fact, in a standard operating mode, the transmission of signals to the WiMAX network can interfere with the DVB-H reception due to the physical proximity of antennas on the terminal and the significant coupling that results. 
         [0008]    One purpose of the present invention is to propose a multi-standard multimedia mobile terminal enabling these problems of reception due to the proximity in frequencies of transmitted and received signals to be resolved. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0009]    For this purpose, the present invention proposes a multi-standard multimedia mobile terminal comprising:
       a receiver receiving a first signal compliant with a first standard in a first frequency band,   a first transmitter capable of transmitting a second signal compliant with a second standard in a second frequency band different from the first frequency band and partially intersecting the first frequency band,
 
wherein
   between the receiver and the antenna, a calibrated band-rejection filter comprising at least one variable element enabling the selection of a rejection frequency by the control voltage of said variable element.   a filtering control element to store the control voltage values and the associated rejecting frequency values determined during a calibration procedure and to transmit according to the second frequency of the first transmitter the stored control voltage of said variable element of said band-rejection filter.       
 
         [0014]    Advantageously, the band-rejection filter comprises at least one variable element, for example a capacitor, to be able, despite the dispersions and the tolerances of components of the filter, to precisely adjust the rejection frequency of the filter onto the frequency of the second signal. 
         [0015]    Advantageously, the terminal also comprises a first shunt to short-circuit said band-rejection filter when said first transmitter does not transmit a second signal or when the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the receiver is greater than a threshold value. 
         [0016]    Advantageously, the second frequency band is comprised between a third frequency and a fourth frequency, said fourth frequency being greater than aid third frequency and interfering with said first frequency band. 
         [0017]    According to a particular embodiment, the terminal also comprises:
       a second transmitter capable of transmitting a third signal compliant with a third standard in a third band of frequencies comprised between the frequencies f 5  and f 6 , with f 6 &gt;f 5  and f 5 &gt;f 4  and f 5 &gt;f 2 , and   a low-pass filter, upstream of the said receiver, in order to, when said second transmitter transmits a third signal, filter said third signal.       
 
         [0020]    The function of this low-pass filter is to suppress, upstream of the receiver, the interfering signals for which the frequency is greater than f 4 . 
         [0021]    According to a particular embodiment, a shunt circuit is also provided to short-circuit said low-pass filter when said second transmitter does not transmit a third signal. 
         [0022]    According to a particular embodiment, said first band of frequencies and said second band of frequencies are comprised at least partially in the band [470 MHz-862 MHz] corresponding to the digital dividend and “white space”, or in the band [470 MHz-790 MHz]. 
         [0023]    According to a particular embodiment, the first standard is the DVB-H standard, the second standard is the WiMAX standard and/or the third standard is the GSM standard. 
         [0024]    The invention also relates to a method for calibration of the band-rejection filter of the previously defined terminal. Said method comprises the following steps for: 
         [0000]    E 1 ) initializing a frequency fat the frequency f 3 ;
 
E 2 ) transmitting a second signal at the frequency f via said first transmitter;
 
E 3 ) adjusting the receiving frequency of the receiver at the frequency f;
 
E 4 ) varying the control voltage of said at least one variable element of the band-rejection filter so as to determine the control voltage of said at least one variable element enabling the amplitude of the baseband signal at the receiver output to be minimized;
 
E 5 ) storing in a memory of the terminal the control voltage of said at least one variable element determined in step d);
 
E 6 ) checking whether the frequency f is equal to the frequency f 2 , and
 
E 7 ) incrementing the frequency f with a predetermined frequency step and repeating steps E 2 ) to E 6 ) until the frequency f is equal to f 2 .
 
         [0025]    Preferably, the power of the second signal transmitted during step b) is low, preferably in the order of −45 dBm in order not to interfere with the reception of other terminals present in the same area. 
         [0026]    According to a particular embodiment, the method for calibration is carried out upon powering up of the mobile terminal and/or periodically. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0027]    The invention will be better understood, and other aims, details, characteristics and advantages will appear more clearly during the following detailed explanatory description by referring above to the annexed drawings, which represent: 
           [0028]      FIG. 1 , a diagram of frequency bands assigned for the standards DVB-H, WiMAX and GSM; 
           [0029]      FIG. 2 , a multi-standard mobile terminal capable of receiving DVB-H signals and of transmitting and receiving WiMAX and GSM signals; 
           [0030]      FIG. 3 , a diagram of said terminal of  FIG. 2 ; 
           [0031]      FIG. 4 , a diagram of a band-rejection filter of the terminal of  FIG. 3 ; 
           [0032]      FIG. 5 , a flow chart of the method for control of the terminal of the invention, and 
           [0033]      FIG. 6 , a flow chart of a method for calibration of the band-rejection filter of the terminal of the invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0034]    The invention will be described in the context of a multi-standard mobile terminal capable of receiving DVB-H signals, of transmitting and receiving WiMAX signals, and of transmitting and receiving GSM signals, the DVB-H signals and the WiMAX signals being comprised in the band of frequencies [470 MHz-862 MHz] of the digital dividend and of the “white space”. 
         [0035]    An example of frequency bands assigned to these standards is shown on  FIG. 1 . The DVB-H signals are contained in the band of frequencies extending between the frequency f 1 =470 MHz and the frequency f 2 =790 MHz. The WiMAX signals are contained in the band of frequencies extending between the frequency f 3 =698 MHz and the frequency f 4 =862 MHz. Finally, the GSM signals are contained in the band of frequencies extending between the frequency f 5 =890 MHz and the frequency f 6 =915 MHz for the transmission and the band of frequencies extending between the frequency f 7 =890 MHz and the frequency f 8 =915 MHz for the reception. Any transmission via the terminal in the band of frequencies [470 MHz-790 MHz] or in a close band can interfere with the reception of DVB-H signals. 
         [0036]    As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the transmission of WiMAX signals in the frequency band [698 MHz-790 MHz] can interfere with the reception of DVB-H signals just like the transmission of GSM signals in the frequency band [890 MHz-915 MHz] can interfere with the reception of DVB-H signals and WiMAX signals. Therefore, filtering means are provided upstream of the receiver to filter these interfering signals. 
         [0037]    In reference to  FIG. 3 , the mobile terminal comprises first means  10  to receive and process the DVB-H signals, second means  20  to transmit, receive and process the WiMAX signals and third means  30  to transmit, receive and process the GSM signals. 
         [0038]    The first means  10  are connected on the one hand to an antenna  11  and on the other hand to a user interface  40  of the terminal. The first means  10  comprise a receiver  102  the input of which is connected, via filtering means  100  and  101 , to the antenna  11  and the output of which is connected to the input of a processing circuit  103 . The output of the processing circuit  103  is connected to the user interface  40 . The receiver  102  extracts from the signal coming from the filtering means  100  and  101  a baseband signal, which baseband signal is then processed by the processing circuit  103 . 
         [0039]    The filtering means  100  and  101  are cascaded upstream of the receiver  102 . The function of the filtering means  100  is to filter, upstream of the receiver  102 , the GSM signals transmitted via the terminal. They comprise a switch  100   a  connected in parallel with a low-pass filter  100   b  capable of filtering the GSM signals. The cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter  100   b  is equal to f 5 =890 MHz. The switch  100   a  is used to shunt the low-pass filter  100   b  when the terminal does not transmit GSM signals. It is closed when the terminal does not transmit GSM signals and open when the terminal transmits GSM signals. 
         [0040]    The function of the filtering means  101  is to filter upstream of the receiver  102  the WiMAX signals if the reception of the DVB-H signals is poor, i.e. when the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the receiver  102  is not high enough. The filtering means  101  comprise a switch  101   a  connected in parallel with a band-rejection filter  101   b  capable of filtering the WiMAX signals. The centre frequency of the band-rejection filter  101   b  is adjusted onto the WiMAX transmitting frequency. The switch  101   a  is used to shunt the band-rejection filter  101   b  when the terminal does not transmit WiMAX signals or when the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of receiver  102  is greater than a threshold value, for example 20 dB. It is closed when the terminal does not transmit WiMAX signals or when the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the receiver  102  is greater than a threshold value and it is open in the other cases. 
         [0041]    According to a particular embodiment, the filtering means  100  and  101  are integrated together. An example of integrated filter is shown in  FIG. 4 . The overall structure of this filter is described in the document called “Exact Synthesis of Microwave Filters with Nonuniform Dissipation”, of C. Guyette et al., IEEE IMS-2007. 
         [0042]    This filter, referenced  7 , comprises, between an input port  71  and an output terminal  72  of the filter, a first transmission channel, called direct channel  73 , to which a second transmission channel, called secondary channel  74 , is coupled. These two channels are materialized by micro-strip transmission lines, also called micro-strip lines. 
         [0043]    The direct channel  73  comprises transmission line portions forming the low-pass filter  100   b  and the switch  100   a.    
         [0044]    The secondary channel  74  comprises transmission line portions forming the band-rejection filter  101   a  and the switch  101   b . Said secondary channel forms a resonant element the resonant frequency of which corresponds to the frequency to be rejected. The band-rejection filter comprises at least one variable capacitor enabling the rejection frequency (or centre frequency) of the filter to be adjusted. The two switches for example are materialized by diodes. 
         [0045]    The filter topology is defined in order that, at the resonant frequency of the secondary channel, the signal coming from the direct channel  73  and that coming from the secondary channel  74  combine in phase opposition at the filter output to create a theoretically infinite attenuation in a relatively narrow band around the resonant frequency. 
         [0046]    By referring again to  FIG. 3 , the second means  20  relating to the WiMAX signals are connected on the one hand to an antenna  21  and on the other hand to the user interface  40 . They comprise a transmitter-receiver  202  comprising more particularly a receiver  202   a  and a transmitter  202   b.    
         [0047]    The input of the receiver  202   a  is connected, via filtering means  201 , to the antenna  21  and the output of the receiver  202   a  is connected to an input of a processing circuit  203 . The receiver  202   a  extracts from the signal coming from the filtering means  201   a  baseband signal which is then processed by the processing circuit  203 . The processing circuit  203  is moreover connected to the user interface  40 . 
         [0048]    The input of the transmitter  202   b  is connected to an output of the processing circuit  203  and the output of the transmitter  202   b  is connected to the antenna  21 . A switch  200  is provided to selectively connect the antenna  21  to the input of the filtering means  201  or to the output of the transmitter  202   b.    
         [0049]    The function of the filtering means  201  is to filter upstream of the receiver  202   a  the GSM signals when the terminal transmits such signals. They comprise a switch  201   a  connected in parallel with a low-pass filter  201   b  capable of filtering the GSM signals. The cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter  201   b  is equal to f 5 =890 MHz. The switch  201   a  is used to shunt the low-pass filter  201   b  when the terminal does not transmit GSM signals. It is closed when the terminal does not transmit GSM signals and open when the terminal transmits GSM signals. 
         [0050]    Finally, the third means  30  relating to the GSM signals are connected on the one hand to an antenna  31  and on the other hand to the user interface  40 . They comprise a transmitter-receiver  302  comprising more particularly a receiver  302   a  and a transmitter  302   b.    
         [0051]    The input of the receiver  302   a  is connected to the antenna  31  and the output of the receiver  302   a  is connected to an input of a processing circuit  303 . The receiver  302   a  extracts from the signal coming from the antenna  31  a baseband signal which is then processed by the processing circuit  303 . The processing circuit  303  is moreover connected to the user interface  40 . 
         [0052]    The input of the transmitter  302   b  is connected to an output of the processing circuit  303  and the output of the transmitter  302   b  is connected to the antenna  31 . A switch  300  is provided to selectively connect the antenna  31  to the input of the receiver  302   a  or to the output of the transmitter  302   b.    
         [0053]    The terminal also comprises a control circuit  50  intended to control the filtering means  100 ,  101  and  201 . The control circuit  50  receives signals coming from the processing circuits  103 ,  203  and  303  as well as the baseband signal coming from the receiver  102 . It determines the signal-to-noise ratio of the baseband signal coming from the receiver  102  and determines the command to be applied to the filtering means  101  according to this ratio. 
         [0054]    The operating mode of the terminal is described in more detail in reference to  FIG. 5 . 
         [0055]    When the receiver  102  (DVB-H) operates, the control circuit of the filters  50  checks whether the terminal transmits a GSM signal. If it transmits a GSM signal, it is filtered, upstream of the receivers  102  and  202 , using the filters  100   b  and  201   b . In the absence of GSM signal, the filters  100   b  and  201   b  are shunted by means of the switches  100   a  and  201   a.    
         [0056]    The control circuit of the filters  50  then checks on the one hand whether the terminal transmits a WiMAX signal and, on the other hand, whether the signal-to-noise ratio of the baseband signal at the output of the receiver  102  is sufficient (greater than the threshold value). If the terminal transmits a WiMAX signal, and if the signal-to-noise ratio is sufficient, upstream of the receiver  102 , the WiMAX signal is filtered using the filter  101   b . In the absence of WiMAX signal, the filter  101   b  is shunted by means of the switch  101   a.    
         [0057]    This operating phase is preferably preceded by a calibration phase of the band-rejection filter  101   b . This calibration phase is intended to determine and store, for each frequency of the WiMAX signal comprised in the DVB-H frequency band, the control voltage of the variable element or variable elements of the filter enabling this frequency to be filtered. In the case of a band-rejection filter comprising a variable capacitor, this involves determining and storing the control voltage of this capacitor for each of the WiMAX signal frequencies comprised in the DVB-H frequency band. 
         [0058]    The WiMAX signal frequencies comprised in the DVB-H frequency band are comprised in the frequency band [698 MHz-790 MHz], i.e. [f 2 , f 3 ]. 
         [0059]    In reference to  FIG. 6 , this calibration phase comprises the following steps for:
       step E 1 : initializing a frequency fat the frequency f 3 ,   step E 2 : transmitting a WiMAX signal at the frequency f,   step E 3 : adjusting the receiving frequency of the receiver  102  at the frequency f and, possibly, adjusting the control voltage of the variable element or elements of the filter at a predefined value enabling the centre frequency of the band-rejection filter to be roughly adjusted at the frequency f,   step E 4 : varying the control voltage of the variable element or elements of the band-rejection filter, preferably around the predefined value, so as to determine the precise control voltage or voltages enabling the baseband signal amplitude at the output of the receiver  102  to be minimized; the measurement of the baseband signal amplitude at the output (I/Q output) of the receiver  102  is performed by a circuit internal or external to the control circuit  50 ,   step E 5 : storing the control voltage of the variable element or elements determined in step E 5  in a memory of the control circuit  50 ,   step E 6 : checking whether the frequency f is equal to f 2 , and   step E 7 : incrementing the frequency f with a predetermined frequency step and recommencing steps E 2  to E 6  until the frequency f is equal to f 2 .       
 
         [0067]    Owing to the significant coupling between the antennas of the terminal, particularly between the antennas  11  and  21 , the transmission of the WiMAX signal during step E 2  can be performed with a low transmitting level, this transmitting level being defined to be detectable by the receiver  102  while impeding as little as possible the reception of multimedia terminals placed in the vicinity of the present terminal. 
         [0068]    For a receiver  102  (DVB-H) of sensitivity equal to −95 dBm with a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 dB, an average receiving level of 40 dB above the sensitivity threshold and an isolation between the antennas of 10 dB, the required power level is equal to −95+40+10=−45 dBm. 
         [0069]    According to the invention and following this calibration phase, for each WiMAX signal transmitting frequency, the control circuit of the filters  50  emits a control voltage determined during this calibration phase which enables the variable elements of the filter to be dynamically selected to obtain the rejection frequency corresponding to the transmitting frequency of the WiMAX signal. 
         [0070]    According to the invention, the control voltages determined during this calibration phase are all the more precise that all the local oscillators of the terminal transmitters and receivers depend on the same reference signal. So, during this calibration phase, the frequency of the local oscillator of the receiver  102  (DVB-H) is a multiple of or is equal to the frequency of the local oscillator of the transmitter  202   b  (WiMAX). 
         [0071]    The calibration phase is performed upon the powering up of the terminal and/or periodically. Such a structure and such an operation of the terminal according to the invention enable the DVB-H reception to be dynamically optimized on the terminal according to the services requested by the user. 
         [0072]    Naturally, the invention is not limited to DVB-H/WiMAX/GSM terminals. It applies to all types of terminals receiving and transmitting in the same frequency band signals of different standards. Although the invention has been described in relation to a specific embodiment, it is evident that this is in no way restricted and that it comprises all technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these fall within the scope of the invention.