Abstract:
A swing arm support system for automated irrigation systems has a support hub and a means to attach and operate two wheels to opposite sides of the support hub. The support hub provides greater ground flotation to prevent the forming of ruts in a field and traction to prevent an automated swing arm from becoming stuck. The swing arm support system provides for the use of common automated irrigation components so that fabrication, repair and operation are most efficient. The support hub in pivotally attached to an existing swing arm support tower. The support hub is carried by two pneumatic tires in one embodiment, four tires in another embodiment, six tires in another embodiment, and movable tracks in another embodiment.

Description:
[0001]    This application claims priority to U.S. provisional application 60/612,964 filed Sep. 24, 2004. 
     
    
     TITLE 
     TOWER SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR IRRIGATION SYSTEM 
     FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY 
       [0002]    This description relates to irrigation systems. In particular, this description relates to novel support systems for swing arm support towers for automated irrigation systems. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0003]    Historically, farmers in all areas of the world have used irrigation to increase the number and types of crops that can be grown. Irrigation has allowed arid, unproductive land to be turned into fertile farm land. Flood irrigation was the original type of irrigation. To irrigate by flood, a river or stream was diverted from its natural bed and into the farm ground. More recently farmers have become conscious of the cost and scarcity of water. Because of water scarcity sprinkler irrigation has become a popular type of irrigation. 
         [0004]    In early sprinkler irrigation systems the individual pipes had to be moved manually. Now, because of labor costs and other difficulties associated with moving pipes, automated irrigation is rapidly becoming the favored form of sprinkler irrigation. 
         [0005]    One widely used automated irrigation system is commonly known as a “pivot” or “pivot sprinkler system.” A pivot sprinkler system has a main arm extending outward from a center pivot structure. The main arm generally comprises a series of pipe sections, that transport water. The pipe sections hold sprinkler heads configured to deliver the water to the field. Each pipe section of the main arm is supported by a tower. The towers are generally supported by two powered wheels. As these wheels turn, the main arm rotates about a central pivot structure. Water is supplied to a fixed inner end of a pipe section and distributed to the sprinklers placed along the pipeline. As the main pipeline section moves about its central pivot structure it irrigates a circular portion of the field. 
         [0006]    These automated irrigation systems move in a circular pattern, and because of this, the corners of square fields are not watered by the irrigation system. 
         [0007]    To address this short coming, automated irrigation systems have been recently fitted with a steerable swing arm. The irrigation systems are guided by a computerized system that can determine the location of the irrigation system in the field. When the computer determines that the main pipe section of the automated irrigation system is approaching a corner, the steerable swing arm swings out into the corner of the field and irrigates the corner. This guidance is assisted typically by guidewires or markers buried in field that inform the computer of the position of the pivot system in the field. 
         [0008]    While this swing arm is effective for watering in the square corners, the swing arm is ineffective in many aspects. These swing arms have a corner tower that is supported by two shafts each riding on a single wheel. This configuration places considerable pressure on the wheel, which usually results in deep ruts in muddy, irrigated fields. As the pivot irrigation system moves over the field during a growing season, these ruts may grow deeper and deeper. As the ruts grow deeper the wheels are more prone to becoming stuck. Others have attempted to remedy this problem by using a larger wheel so that the ground pressure from the tower is lightened, but tires for these large wheels are scare and therefore installation and replacement are expensive. Moreover, the width of a single tire is of little importance if that single tire has become stuck. 
         [0009]    When the wheels of the swing arm become stuck, the rest of the irrigation system, nonetheless, may continue across the field causing the irrigation system to bend, break, or tip over. Even if the stuck wheel is discovered, or the pivot system shut of, before the system is damaged, it can be difficult to remove a pivot wheel that has become stuck. Such removal often requires many man-hours and heavy or specialized equipment. This equipment moreover can crush or damage crops or the irrigation system. Frequently, it is necessary to allow the field to dry before attempting to remove a stuck wheel. During certain times of the year crops are very susceptible to drought and may be damaged while allowing the field to dry sufficiently. This damage may result in a reduced, or non-existent crop yield. 
         [0010]    An additional problem with current systems is that considerable force and torque can be applied to the support wheel of the swing arm by the weight of the water pipes. This torque can cause the axel or drive shaft that supports the wheel to bend or break. Such damage to the swing arm will be costly to repair and may result in significant down time. 
         [0011]    Accordingly, it would be an advantage to provide a swing arm support system that would minimize the depth of ruts formed in a field. It would be an additional advantage if the support system was less susceptible to bending or breakage. It would be an additional advantage to provide a solution that could be retrofitted to current corner swing arm support towers. It would be an additional advantage to use commonly produced parts that could be used interchangeablely with other parts commonly used in irrigation systems. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0012]    The present technology provides a support system for a swing arm of an automated irrigation system. In one general aspect, a swing arm support system may include an upper sleeve section and a joint flange that is pivotally connected to the support tower of the swing arm. The upper sleeve section and joint flange can be connected to a hub to which two or more drive wheels are attached. The two or more drive wheels can be configured so that each has a means for driving the wheels. The means for driving the wheels may include a motor and a gear box. 
         [0013]    In another general aspect, a swing arm support system may include a single integrated sleeve and hub that is pivotally connected to the support swing arm. Two or more drive wheels are attached to the integrated sleeve and hub. The two or more drive wheels can be configured so that each has a means for driving the wheels. The means for driving the wheels may include a motor and a gearbox configuration, such as a sprocket and a chain. 
         [0014]    In another general aspect, a swing arm support system may include an upper sleeve section and a joint flange that is pivotally connected to the support tower of the swing arm. The upper sleeve section and joint flange can be connected to a hub to which two or more drive wheels are attached. The two or more drive wheels can be configured to have a driving means. The means for driving the wheels may include a motor and a single gear box, such as a differential or double shafted gearbox. 
         [0015]    In another general aspect, a swing arm support system may include an upper sleeve section and a joint flange that is pivotally connected to the support tower of the swing arm. The upper sleeve section and joint flange can be connected to a hub to which two or more drive wheels are attached. The two or more drive wheels can be configured to have a driving means. The means for driving the wheels may include a single axle passing through the hub. The axle may be turned by a motor and have a gearbox configuration such as a sprocket and chain. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0016]    A more particular description of the technology briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. These drawings depict only typical embodiments of the technology and are not therefore to be considered to be limiting of its scope. The present technology will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings. 
           [0017]      FIG. 1  illustrates a schematic view of an automated irrigation system. 
           [0018]      FIG. 2  illustrates a schematic view of a swing arm support tower and swing arm support system in accordance with the present technology. 
           [0019]      FIG. 3  illustrates a schematic view of a swing arm support tower and swing arm support system in accordance with the present technology. 
           [0020]      FIG. 4  illustrates a schematic view of a swing arm support system in accordance with the present technology. 
           [0021]      FIG. 5  illustrates a schematic rear view of a swing arm support system in accordance with the present technology. 
           [0022]      FIG. 6  illustrates a schematic side view of a swing arm support system in accordance with the present technology (shown without wheels, gearboxes, shafts, drivelines, or motors). 
           [0023]      FIG. 7  illustrates a schematic front view of a swing arm support system in accordance with the present technology (shown without wheels, gearboxes, shafts, drivelines, or motors). 
           [0024]      FIG. 8  illustrates a schematic bottom view of a swing arm support system in accordance with the present technology (shown without wheels, gearboxes, shafts, drivelines, or motors). 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0025]    The presently preferred embodiments of the invention will be best understood by reference to the drawings, wherein like parts are designated by like numerals throughout. It will be readily understood that the components of the system, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations without departing from the spirit of the claims. Thus, the following more detailed description of the embodiments of the apparatus, system, and method of practicing the disclosed technology, as represented in  FIGS. 1-8 , is not intended to limit the scope of the claims, but is merely representative of the presently preferred embodiments. 
         [0026]    Referring to  FIG. 1-8 , a center pivot irrigation system  10  is presented.  FIG. 1  shows a schematic view of a pivot irrigation system  10 . The pivot irrigation system  10  includes a tower support system  12 . The irrigation system  10  comprises a plurality of pipe sections  14   a - 14   f  that are supported by a plurality of towers  16   a - 16   f.  Pipes  14   a - 14   f  and towers  16   a - 16   f  of irrigation system  10  are generally configured to rotate about a pivot point  18 . Water is supplied to irrigation system  10  at pivot point  18  through the use of underground pipes (not shown). 
         [0027]    Each tower  16   a - 16   f  has a set of drive wheels  20   a - 20   f  that are configured to rotate forward and backward. Drive wheels  20   a - 20   f  are not configured to turn right or left. As drive wheels  20   a - 20   f  rotate, irrigation system  10  travels in a circular pattern about pivot point  18 . Irrigation system  10  includes a swing arm  22  that includes one or more sections of pipes to move out into a corner  24  of a field  26 . Thus, corner  24  can be watered by swing arm  22 . 
         [0028]    With continued reference to  FIG. 1 , irrigation system  10  is preferably controlled by an automated guidance system (not shown) that is configured to calculate when irrigation system  10  reaches corner  24  of field  26 . The automated guidance system computer (not shown) then activates a steering mechanism (not shown) on swing arm  22 , and swing arm  22  drives into corner  24 . Such automated guidance systems are known in the art and generally comprise a computer (not shown) and guidance lines (not shown) or guidance points (not shown) buried in field  26 . The guidance lines are used by the computer to determine the position of irrigation system  10  in field  26 . 
         [0029]    Turning now to  FIGS. 2-7 . In one preferred embodiment tower support system  12  supports swing arm tower  32 . Tower  32  has two insert members  34   a,    34   b  extending downward and perpendicular from a horizontal member  36  of tower  32 . The bottoms  38   a,    38   b  of insert members  34   a,    34   b  contains a ball coupler (not shown) to receive a tow ball  40 . An upper connection sleeve  42 , a jointing flange  44 , and a support hub  46  are connected together to form support system  30 . Upper connection sleeve  42  has a lower flange  48 . Support hub  46  may have a support hub flange  50 . One preferred method of connecting upper connection sleeve  42  to support hub  46  is by bolting together lower flange  48 , jointing flange  44  and support hub flange  50 . Another preferred method of connecting upper connection sleeve  42  to support hub  46  is by welding together lower flange  48 , jointing flange  44  and support hub flange  50 . 
         [0030]    In some implementations support system  30  may be pivotally attached to tower  32  by placing insert members  34   a,    34   b  into upper connection sleeve  42  and connecting the ball coupler to tow ball  40 . This allows swing arm support system  30  to rotate about insert members  34   a,    34   b.  An upper flange  52  of upper connection sleeve  42  is attached to the existing steering mechanism (not shown) of swing arm  22 . The swing arm support system  30  is steered into corner  24  of field  26  by the steering mechanism of irrigation system  10  and drive swing arm  22 . In another embodiment, support system  30  may also be attached through the use of ball bearings attached between insert members  34   a,    34   b  and upper connection sleeve  42 . 
         [0031]    Particular implementations may include making upper connection sleeve  42  of swing arm support system  30  from tubular shaft material. Such a shaft is typically constructed of a section of tubular metal such as steel or aluminum. Galvanized steel being the most preferred material. Jointing flange  44 , lower flange  48 , support hub flange  50 , and upper flange  52  are generally made from steel plate or other suitable material. Preferred steel plate thicknesses generally range from about 0.25 inches to 1.5 inches, although these thicknesses may increase or decrease depending upon the particular material properties. 
         [0032]    In certain implementations, support hub  46  presents gearbox plates  54   a,    54   b  for two drive wheels  56   a,    56   b.  Drive wheels  56   a,    56   b  can be configured to rotate in a forward and a backward direction. While drive wheels  56   a,    56   b  are shown in a single wheel configuration having 2 wheels total, it is of another preferred embodiment that the wheels be configured as dual wheels (4 wheels total), triple wheels (6 wheels total) or even more wheels per side as the end user prefers or requires. Additional wheels result in increased surface contact, which reduces pressure on the ground and the crops. Another embodiment allows for the use of wider wheels to further increase the surface contact of the wheel. An additional embodiment allows for the wheels to be removed and a movable track to be used as the ground floatation means. Movable tracks are a common means of ground floatation for tanks, tractors, and other machines that require a large surface contact area. 
         [0033]    Embodiments having at least two drive wheels  56   a,    56   b  provide a number of advantages. Two drive wheels  56   a,    56   b  disperse the weight of water-filled swing arm  22  over a larger area, which increases the flotation of the swing arm  22 , thereby reducing the depth of ruts. Shallower ruts accordingly lessen the likelihood that irrigation system  10  will become stuck in field  26 . 
         [0034]    Current systems are generally supported by a hub that is configured to create a single attachment point for a drive wheel. Because of this configuration, the hub maybe weakened by the considerable torque that is applied to the axel or shaft of the wheel. This torque may damage or break the shaft. The double wheel configuration of the present support system provides a more uniform distribution of weight on both wheels  56   a,    56   b  with little or no torque being applied to shafts  58   a,    58   b.    
         [0035]    Two drive wheels  56   a,    56   b  also provide additional traction and power. If swing arm  22  encounters a deep rut or a muddy area in field  26 , loss of traction by a single wheel will be countered by the second wheel, thereby preventing the entire irrigation system  10  from becoming stuck in the rut or mud. 
         [0036]    In one preferred embodiment wheels  56   a,    56   b  can be operablely connected to support hub  46  by a shaft  58   a,    58   b.  One embodiment for wheels  56   a,    56   b  is the use of standard automated irrigation wheels (see  20   a - 20   f ). Shafts  58   a,    58   b  may be operablely connected to gearboxes  60   a,    60   b  that are powered by operablely connected motors  28   a ,  28   b.  One preferred means of connecting the gearboxes  60   a,    60   b  to the motors  28   a,    28   b  is with drivelines  62   a,    62   b.  Gearboxes  60   a,    60   b  may be selected from standard automated irrigation gearboxes of known systems. Known gearboxes are commonly used by automated irrigation manufactures such as Valley® and Reinke® to connect and drive wheels  20   a - 20   f.    
         [0037]    Motors  28   a,    28   b  can be center-drive motors and can be mounted on a lower connection unit  64 . Lower connection unit  64  has two motor mounts  66   a,    66   b  and is connected to support hub  46 . Lower connection unit  64  and motor mounts  66   a,    66   b  may be generally constructed of steel, aluminum or other suitable material. Galvanized steel being the most preferred. Alternatively, motor mounts  66   a,    66   b  can be created as an integral part of lower connection unit  64 . For example, lower connection unit  64  may be box steel, which would provide flat surfaces for mounting motors  28   a,    28   b . Alternatively, lower connection unit  64  may be custom fabricated in any manner known to those in metal or material fabrication to present a connection unit having the ability to support a motor or motors. Motor mounts  66   a,    66   b  support two independent motors  28   a ,  28   b  that supply power to gearboxes  60   a,    60   b  through drivelines  62   a,    62   b.  One preferred type of motor for motors  28   a,    28   b  is a one-half horsepower electric center-drive motor. 
         [0038]    Another preferred embodiment of mounting the motors allows for the use of an angle drive motor. In this preferred embodiment, lower connection unit  64  is removed and angle drive motors are mounted directly, and on opposing sides, to support hub  46  and operably connected to a known corner gearbox. The corner gearbox can then be operably connected to wheels  56   a,    56   b.  This allows for a more compact configuration, but known angle drive motors generally require more power to operate than known corner gearboxes. 
         [0039]    Another preferred embodiment uses a dual-output gearbox, commonly known as a differential, in place of gearboxes  60   a,    60   b.  The dual-output gearbox may be operably connected to support hub  46 . A single motor may be attached to either support hub  46  or the lower connection unit  64  and operably connected to the dual-output gearbox via a driveline. Drive wheels  56   a,    56   b  are operably connected to the dual-output gearbox. 
         [0040]    Another preferred embodiment uses a single axle passing through the support hub  46  with drive wheels  56   a,    56   b  attached to opposing ends of the axle. The axle has an attached gearbox means for rotating the axle, such as a gear sprocket. A motor may have a drive sprocket to allow the motor to be operably attached to the support hub  46 . The gear sprocket and the drive sprocket can be operably attached using a means such as a chain. 
         [0041]    If wheels  56   a,    56   b  become flattened or require replacement, support hub  46  may be jacked-up and wheels  56   a,    56   b  may be replaced. This creates an advantage over known systems, where for a single wheel to be repaired, the entire support tower requires lifting by heavy equipment. 
         [0042]    Support hub  46  may be constructed and arranged in any manner that allows for the attachment and operation of at least two wheels on opposing sides of the support hub. Referring to  FIGS. 4-8 , one embodiment of support hub  46  may be comprised of braces  68   a - 68   d  secured to a lower member  70 . Braces  68   a - 68   d  can be attached to lower member  70  through a number of means known in the art such as welding, or bolting, or may be manufactured as a integral part of support hub  46 . For small scale production, the preferred means is welding. Gearbox plates  54   a,    54   b  are connected to the braces  68   a - 68   d  on the right lateral and left lateral of the lower member  70 . A bottom plate  72  is attached to the bottom of the lower member  70  to provide support to gearbox plates  54   a,    54   b.    
         [0043]    Particular implementations may include lower member  70  of support hub  46  generally being made of a tubular shaft. Such a shaft is typically constructed of a section of tubular metal such as steel or aluminum. Galvanized steel being the most preferred material. Braces  68   a - 68 , gearbox plates  54   a,    54   b,  and bottom plate  72  may be generally made from steel plate or other suitable material. Galvanized steel being the most preferred. Preferred steel plate thicknesses generally range from about 0.25 inches to 1.5 inches, although these thicknesses may increase or decrease depending upon the particular material properties. It is well known by those individuals familiar with metal fabrication that galvanized steel is not easily welded. Therefore, the construction of embodiments is generally known to be first constructed using a common, weld-friendly steel and subsequently galvanized. 
         [0044]    In the illustrated embodiments, tower  32  is a standard commercially available tower. Other designs of commercially available towers exist and swing arm support system  30  can be retrofitted to fit such commercially available towers. It is also anticipated that support system  30  can be configured or modified to be readily attached to other support systems.