Abstract:
Embodiments consistent with the present invention provide an integrated system for conferencing services reporting to support customer billing needs. Systems consistent with the present invention enable a customer to retrieve and use integrated usage data, including data for unbilled conferencing services. Furthermore, systems consistent with the present invention provide an integrated account management interface to enable a customer to retrieve and use account information in real time and to manage a conferencing services account with ease. Still further, systems consistent with the present invention enable a customer to establish multiple levels of security to easily manage multiple users with multiple information needs and responsibilities. Systems consistent with the present invention also provide tools to analyze and track moderator conferencing schedules to enhance accurate timekeeping and billing.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of the filing date of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/716,092, filed Sep. 13, 2005, titled “Online Reporting Tool for Conferencing Customers,” of Anne K. Bingaman, Dagny Boyd Evans, Boban Mathew, Kesah Schmitt, and Alina Scott, incorporated in its entirety herein by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     This disclosure is directed to the field of conferencing services and, more particularly, to billing systems for moderated conferencing services that are chargeable to a client or project. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Businesses today rely heavily on conferencing services to enable people to meet without having to be in the same physical location. Audio conferencing, video conferencing, and Web conferencing are all well-known services available to businesses that do business on a regional, national, or global scale. Typically, a business makes a reservation for a conference through a conferencing services provider. The conferencing services provider establishes a “virtual location,” e.g., a dial-in phone number or Website address, for the conference participants. After the conference is over, the conferencing services provider bills the business for the cost of the conference. 
     Conventional conferencing services providers suffer from several drawbacks. For example, if a customer bills reimbursable expenses to its own clients, someone in the customer&#39;s financial services department must manually process each conference bill to enable the customer to pass conferencing charges on to its clients. For a customer with hundreds of clients, this not only takes a great deal of time but human mistakes may result in billing one client for another&#39;s conferences, resulting in client-relation problems. Even when conferencing services bills are made available to customers electronically, the data provided is typically limited to call-level information such as the number of participants, the overall cost of the conference, etc. 
     Furthermore, management of conference services involves a number of different people, each requiring different levels of access and information. A telecommunications person may be involved in administering accounts, while the company&#39;s financial staff may be involved in processing bills, and an administrator may be designated to oversee the company&#39;s dealings with the conferencing services provider. Depending on individual needs and responsibilities, each person may need access to different information. This may be very difficult to manage for a conventional conferencing services provider. 
     Still further, conference participants frequently participate in several conferences in the same day or week. Often, participants may discuss several different billable matters during a single conference. For participants who bill for their time, such as attorneys or consultants, it becomes difficult to keep track of time and topics of multiple conferences. While a conventional conferencing services provider may provide the conference facility and general information about a conference, there are no tools readily available to assist participants and their companies in accurately and fully capturing time spent on conferences. 
     Systems and methods consistent with embodiments of the present invention address these and other drawbacks of conventional conferencing services provider systems. 
     SUMMARY 
     Methods and systems are disclosed for managing moderators of conferences. A request to create a moderator report is received from a customer via a network, wherein the request includes an identifier for at least one moderator associated with the customer. Account details relating to conferences assigned to the at least one moderator are compiled to create the moderator report, and the moderator report is provided to the customer via the network. 
     In other embodiments, methods and systems are disclosed for creating an unbilled usage data report for conferencing services. Usage data relating to a conference is received, and the usage data and at least one billing rate associated with a customer are used to calculate unbilled charges for each conference related to the usage data. An estimated tax is calculated for each conference related to the usage data, and the unbilled usage data report is provided to the customer, wherein the unbilled usage data report includes the unbilled charges and the estimated tax. 
     In other embodiments, methods and systems are disclosed for managing moderator time spent on conferences. A selection for the moderator and a time period are received from a customer via a network. A record of time spent by a moderator on conferences is created, based on each conference associated with the moderator during the time period, and the record is provided to the customer via a network. 
     Further, in other embodiments, systems and methods are disclosed for online reporting of conferencing services. An account information component tracks information for a customer. A management component manages moderators associated with the customer. A usage reports component generates online reports related to the moderators&#39; usage of conferencing services. A billing reports component provides online reports related to billed charges for conferencing services provided to the customer. 
     Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. 
     It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate several embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. 
         FIG. 1  is a diagram of a reporting system for conferencing customers, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a flow diagram of an exemplary process for authenticating a conferencing customer, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an exemplary account information component of a reporting tool, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a flow diagram of an exemplary process for generating a sample moderator report, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is an exemplary moderator report, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a flow diagram of an exemplary process for accessing account information details, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 7  is a block diagram of an exemplary management component of a reporting tool, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 8  is a flow diagram of an exemplary process for adding a moderator, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 9  is an exemplary user interface for adding accounts using a reporting tool, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 10  is an exemplary user interface for deleting moderators using a reporting tool, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 11  is an exemplary user interface for searching for moderators, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 12  is a flow diagram of an exemplary process for collecting and processing unbilled usage data, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 13  is an exemplary user interface for searching unbilled usage data, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 14  is an exemplary user interface for presenting a report of unbilled usage data, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 15  is an exemplary user interface for presenting unbilled usage call details, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 16  is an exemplary user interface for searching historical participant usage data, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 17  is a block diagram of an exemplary billing reports component of a reporting tool, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 18  is a flow diagram of an exemplary process for creating invoice data, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 19  is a diagram of exemplary invoice report search criteria, consistent with embodiments of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 20  is an exemplary user interface for searching time management data, consistent with embodiments of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates an exemplary reporting system  100  for conferencing customers consistent with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 1 , a customer  102  may connect to reporting tool  106  via a network  104 . Customer  102  may include, for example, a user associated with a customer account, such as an employee, moderator, or client, or a user with permission to access reporting tool  106 . In certain embodiments, customer  102  may connect to online reporting tool  106  by logging into a website with a unique username and password, as described in more detail below with respect to  FIG. 2 . 
     Reporting tool  106  may include an account information component  108 , a management component  110 , a usage reports component  112 , and a billing reports component  114 . Reporting tool  106  provides flexible, integrated services to conferencing customers, including, for example, the ability to: 1) view current unbilled and previously billed usage details and charges, 2) download billing files, 3) query historical invoice information, 4) download time management data, 5) access account information, e.g., by searching for a moderator or downloading a moderator report, and 6) submit requests for moderator additions, deletions, and materials or training. 
     Reporting tool  106  may, in certain embodiments, use a relational database and tools such as JAVA™ to create an interactive and dynamic reporting application that significantly enhances the customer experience. Reporting tool  106  may be implemented on a secure server and made accessible via various login methods, such as, for example, secure usernames and passwords uniquely assigned to each customer  102 . In some embodiments, reporting tool  106  may restrict access of certain customers  102  to certain functions. For example, a customer might specify that one of its users should have access to administrative tools (e.g., account information), but not usage data (e.g., billing reports and usage data). 
     Reporting tool  106  may connect to or include various databases, such as moderator database  122 , usage database  124 , and billing database  126 . Moderator database  122  may store information relating to moderators, such as moderator identification information or moderator histories. Usage database  124  may store information relating to reporting tool  106  usage, such as customer usage data, line-item usage data, call data, or other data. Billing database  126  may store information relating to billing, such as, for example, charges for services, details relating to conferences such as times and lengths of conferences, etc. Access to databases  122 ,  124 , and  126  (if implemented as separate database systems) may be facilitated through a direct communication link, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN) and/or other suitable connections. Systems and methods of the present invention are not limited to separate databases or even to the use of a database, as data may come from practically any source, such as the Internet, a storage medium such as a disk or flash drive, and other organized collections of data. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates an exemplary process for authenticating customer  102  and allowing customer  102  to access reporting tool  106 . In one embodiment, when customer  102  supplies a username and password (step  202 ), the system may verify that the username and password are valid (step  204 ). If the username and password are not validated for any reason, (step  204 , No), the process ends. If the username and password are validated (step  204 , Yes), the system may retrieve customer limitations (step  206 ). Customer limitations may be, for example, pre-assigned to unique customers, groups of customers, or certain users, and may prevent customer  102  from, for example, viewing certain data, performing certain functions, or accessing certain components in reporting tool  106 . Next, any customer limitations are applied to components in reporting tool  106  (step  208 ). The components that customer  102  may access are presented to the user (step  210 ). In certain embodiments, all components of. the tool are presented to the user. In other embodiments, some customers may only access management component  106  and usage reports component  110 , and other users may only access billing reports component  114 . 
     The components of the online reporting tool will now be described in greater detail with reference to the attached drawings. In particular, account information component  108  is described with reference to  FIGS. 3-6 , management component  110  is described with reference to  FIGS. 7-11 , usage reports component  112  is described with reference to  FIGS. 12-16 , and billing reports  114  component is described with reference to  FIGS. 17-19 . 
     Account Information Component 
       FIG. 3  illustrates an exemplary account information component  108 . Account information component  108  allows conferencing customers to retrieve account information for active moderators, e.g., individuals that request or participate in conferences, such as audio conferences. For example, if a law firm is a conferencing customer, then its attorneys are the moderators. Account information for all moderators may be retrieved by searching for an individual moderator, or by downloading a moderator report that contains account information for some or all of the moderators related to a conferencing customer. 
     As shown in  FIG. 3 , account information component  108  may include a moderator report tool  302  and a moderator account information tool  304 . Moderator report tool  302  allows a customer to download a moderator report. Moderator account information tool  304  allows a user to search for an individual moderator account using search criteria such as, for example, first name, last name, user ID, moderator passcode, or participant passcode. 
     Moderator Report 
       FIG. 4  is a flow diagram of an exemplary process  400  for creating a moderator report using moderator report tool  302 . As shown in  FIG. 4 , customer  102  logs in to the system (step  401 ), for example via known webpage login methods, or using the process described above with respect to  FIG. 2 . If the user has valid permission to access, modify, and/or create a moderator report (step  402 , Yes), for example, as determined by the validation process described above with respect to  FIG. 2 , moderator report tool  302  may, in certain embodiments, receive a selection for a moderator report from customer  102  (step  404 ). The moderator report may allow customer  102  to download and view details for active accounts, and which may have been previously established, for example, by account information component  108 . The system searches moderator database  122  containing moderator and conference information for moderators associated with the customer (step  406 ). 
     Moderator report tool  302  creates a file containing moderator information (step  408 ), which is delivered to the user (step  410 ). In one embodiment, moderator report tool  302  may deliver the file to customer  102  as an online report via the Internet. For example,  FIG. 5  illustrates an exemplary moderator report, which may be delivered via the Internet. In the embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 5 , the moderator report may include various data fields such as company (e.g., customer), last name, first name, user ID, moderator passcode, participant passcode, toll free dial-in number, international dial-in number, date added, employee code, and permanent billing code. Other fields, such as client number and matter number, may also be included in the moderator report to provide account information to conferencing customers. In another embodiment, the file may be delivered to customer  102  as a spreadsheet. In certain embodiments, moderators or users may select which fields to include in the moderator report, and may customize or sort reports, for example by customer, type of conference, or participant. 
     Moderator Account Information 
       FIG. 6  is a flow diagram of an exemplary process for locating account information for a moderator. In certain embodiments, customer  102  may first log into reporting tool  106  (step  601 ) and have access permissions validated before locating account information, as described above with respect to  FIG. 2 . If customer  102  has valid access (step  602 , Yes), then moderator account information tool  304  receives a selection for search criteria for a moderator (step  603 ). The search criteria may include, for example, first name, last name, user ID, moderator passcode, participant passcode, and other information. Customers may specify whether search results must include matches for all criteria, some criteria, or any criteria. 
     After customer  102  enters the search criteria, moderator account information tool  304  searches moderator database  122  for information on moderators related to the criteria (step  604 ). Reporting tool  106  displays matching results (step  606 ). Search results for each moderator may include, for example, moderator information, conference information, and conference options. Customer  102  may elect to send the results, including instructions for use, to an address of their choice (e.g., an e-mail address), print the results, or perform other actions. For example, customer  102  may, in certain embodiments, modify the results, request that a moderator be deleted from the system, request materials for the moderator, or view the next moderator who matches the search criteria. Reporting tool  106  receives the user&#39;s input for an action (step  608 ), performs the action, and may send a confirmation to the user that the action was performed, for example after sending or printing the results. 
     If the user elects to refine the search or start a new search (step  610 , Yes), the process may loop back and continue the process. If the user elects not to refine the search or start a new search (step  610 , No), the process ends. 
     Management Component 
       FIG. 7  illustrates an exemplary management component  110 , which may offer conferencing customers a simple way to add and delete accounts and request materials or training for existing accounts. As shown in  FIG. 7 , management component  110  may include an add account component  702  to add a customer or user account, a delete account component  704  to delete an account, and a request component  706  to allow a customer to request training and materials for moderators, or request training for any individual. 
       FIG. 8  is a flow diagram of an exemplary process for requesting a new moderator account. First, in some embodiments, customer  102  may log onto reporting tool  106  (step  801 ) as described above with respect to  FIG. 2 . As shown in  FIG. 8 , if the user has valid access (step  802 , Yes), reporting tool  106  may receive a customer selection to add an account (step  804 ), for example by selecting “add account” using add account component  702  from a webpage. The system may receive information from customer  102  to create a moderator record for the new account (step  806 ). 
     Customer  102  may supply the information, in certain embodiments, via an online form.  FIG. 9  illustrates an exemplary user interface for an online form that customer  102  may use to add a new moderator. The online form, as shown in  FIG. 9 , may contain fields for each piece of information needed to create a new account, such as name, phone number, time zone, employee code, assistant&#39;s name, assistant&#39;s e-mail address, and assistant&#39;s phone number. The online form may also allow the customer to enter information for the employee entering the new account information, such as name, phone number, e-mail address, and any special instructions. Turning back to  FIG. 8 , once the new account information has been entered, add account component  702  may submit the moderator creation request to a conferencing service provider (step  808 ). 
     In certain embodiments, after the online form is submitted with the requested moderator&#39;s information, a summary of the submitted information appears in a box at the top of the page or in a pop-up window, for example. The fields in the user interface may then be reset to empty, allowing additional requests to be made. Each time, a moderator&#39;s information appears in the box at the top of the page, and from this box, the new requests may be edited, removed, or submitted as a whole. The system may automatically send the submissions to a conferencing services provider for processing. For example, the system may send the submissions to a system-defined destination, such as an e-mail address. 
     Customer  102  may also delete moderators, using, for example, an online form that allows a customer to submit a request to inactivate one or more accounts corresponding to one or more moderators.  FIG. 10  illustrates an exemplary user interface for an online form that customer  102  may use to delete moderators. The form, as shown in  FIG. 10 , may contain data fields to collect information to identify a moderator for deleting, such as first name, last name, and/or moderator passcode. If the information is unknown, customer  102  may search for the moderator directly using, for example, one or more of the following criteria: first name, last name, user ID, moderator passcode, and participant passcode.  FIG. 11  illustrates an exemplary user interface for searching for moderators with sample search criteria. Once the appropriate moderator has been selected, the user may add the moderator to a request module  1002 . The user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 10-11  may also allow customer  102  to enter information for the user making the request to delete a moderator, such as the user&#39;s name, phone number, e-mail address, and any special instructions. As shown in  FIG. 10 , customer  102  may select moderators for editing, removal from the request, or submission using request component  706 . 
     Training 
     As discussed above with respect to  FIG. 7 , request component  706  may allow customer  102  to request training for existing moderators (such as hard copy or electronic training materials). To request such materials, customer  102  may designate a moderator to receive training, or search for a moderator using, for example, the same search method and criteria used in the delete account tool described above with respect to  FIGS. 10 and 11 . Moderator search options may include: first name, last name, user ID, moderator passcode, participant passcode, etc. 
     When customer  102  selects a moderator from the search results, the moderator&#39;s information may automatically populate the fields on the material request form. Customer  102  may choose from various options to define a request for each moderator, such as request hard copy materials for a moderator or moderator&#39;s assistant, request training for a moderator or a moderator&#39;s assistant, etc. These options may be presented, for example, using a drop down list or radio buttons. Once moderator information has been entered, either by searching for the information or manually entering the information, and the request has been defined, customer  102  may request the materials. Once submitted, the request may be sent to the conferencing services provider, e.g., by sending it to a system-defined e-mail address, for processing. 
     In certain embodiments, customers may request training separate from requesting materials. Training requests for materials may be related to a specific moderator account, or training requests may be made for any individual, such as an administrator or secretary. In other embodiments, moderators themselves may request training and/or materials. 
     Usage Reports Component 
     As described above, usage reports component  112  may provide customers with access to historical usage data and to unbilled usage data, stored, for example, in usage database  124 . Usage data may contain data about moderators&#39; usage of conferencing services, such as summary-level call information as well as billing information and participant-level call details. Usage data may be updated in real-time or on a periodic basis, such as daily, hourly, etc. 
     Unbilled Usage Data 
     In certain embodiments, customer  102  may review an unbilled usage report including, for example, unbilled usage data and associated estimated charges for conferencing services. This data may be designated as “unbilled” because it covers usage since the customer&#39;s last invoice, for example. In one example, if the last invoice run for a customer occurred, for example, in the bill cycle ending Jan. 14, 2004, all calls through approximately Jan. 12, 2004 may have been billed to the customer. Prior to the next invoice run, e.g., on Feb. 14, 2004, unbilled usage data for that customer would include call records from Jan. 13, 2004 through Feb. 12, 2004 (i.e., the cutoff for conferences to be included in the Feb. 14, 2004 invoice run). 
       FIG. 12  illustrates an exemplary process for collecting and processing unbilled usage data. As shown in  FIG. 12 , a moderator enters a client-matter number or other billing reference for a conference (step  1203 ). The billing reference may be entered, for example, before a conference, during a conference, or after a conference. This billing reference, along with other call detail record data, may be transferred from the conference facility to the conferencing services provider, for example, on a periodic (e.g., daily or hourly) basis (step  1204 ). The usage information is combined in real-time with customer rate information to estimate pre-tax charges, taxes and total charges (step  1206 ). The results may be formatted according to customer-specified methods or other specifications (step  1208 ). After the estimated costs have been calculated and formatted, the formatted usage information may be exported from the conferencing services provider, e.g., using a Microsoft Excel™ file (step  1210 ). In certain embodiments, the text file may then be uploaded into usage reports component  112  to import the data into a table, and the usage information may be summarized into a summary table. The data may then be searched and displayed using usage reports component  112 , as described in more detail below with respect to  FIG. 16 . Additional details regarding the collection and processing of unbilled usage data may be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/848,181, entitled Dynamic Reporting Tool for Conferencing Customers. 
     Customer  102  may access unbilled usage data by searching for all unbilled usage data or by using on any of a number of search criteria options, such as office code, moderator, employee code, billing code, etc.  FIG. 13  illustrates a exemplary user interface for searching unbilled usage data. As shown in  FIG. 13 , customer  102  may choose one or more values to search by, such as searching by moderator, for example using the drop down list shown, or using other known methods. For example, if the criterion was moderator, the user may select one or more of the moderators from the list. The user may also choose a date range to limit the search results. In another example, if the search criterion included a billing code, the user may be presented with a list of possible billing codes and may select one or more billing codes to create an unbilled usage report. After searching, the user may view an unbilled usage report. 
       FIG. 14  illustrates an exemplary user interface for displaying an unbilled usage report. Data in the report may include, for example, details of each call (e.g., moderator name, time of call, office code, employee code, call date, call start, number of participants, minutes, and billing code) as well as billing information (e.g., estimated pre-tax charges, estimated taxes, and estimated total charges). One skilled in the art will recognize that the unbilled usage report may be displayed via the Internet or other network, downloaded as an Excel spreadsheet, printed from a browser window or other display, e-mailed to an inputted address, or accessed via other means and methods. Participant-level details for each call may be available from the Unbilled Usage Report by, for example, selecting a “Call Details” button or link next to each call. 
       FIG. 15  illustrates an exemplary user interface displaying an unbilled usage call details report. The report unbilled usage call details may display participant-level data, as shown in  FIG. 15 , such as a phone number, moderator name, office code, employee code, date, call start time, call end time, number of participants, number of minutes, estimated pre-tax charges, estimated taxes, estimated total charges, billing code, conference ID, etc. One skilled in the art will recognize that the unbilled usage call details report may be displayed via the Internet or other network, downloaded as an Excel spreadsheet, printed from a browser window or other display, e-mailed to an inputted address, or accessed via other means and methods. 
     Customers may use participant-level data, for example, to determine exactly how much time each participant spent in a conference. For example, a court reporter service may bill each call participant separately for a conference call, and the court reporter may access participant-level data to accurately determine the charges for each call participant. In another example, required continuing education credit may be given to participants in a conference, such as a web or video conference, and the accrediting body may use participant-level data to ensure that the participants earn proper credits based on the time they spent in the conference. 
     Usage reports component  112  may also provide a historical usage data tool to give customers access to usage information, including unbilled and previously billed data.  FIG. 16  is an exemplary user interface for searching historical participant usage data. In some embodiments, historical participant usage data may include the same summary level call details and billing information as the unbilled usage reports, but for a broader range of dates (e.g., by including billed data). Participant level details and a participant&#39;s telephone number or IP address may be available for each conference by requesting call details. Historical usage reports may be displayed, printed from a browser window, downloaded to an Excel spreadsheet, or e-mailed to an inputted address. The reports may contain both summary and participant-level details for each call. Historical usage and participant-level unbilled usage reports, may, in some embodiments, display both participant-level data (e.g., telephone numbers) and billing information in one place. 
     Billing Reports Component 
       FIG. 17  illustrates an exemplary billing reports component  114 . Billing reports component  114  may provide customer  102  with access to billing information, for example, online in the form of invoices or data files. Unlike unbilled usage reports, which may be used for preliminary cost estimation, billing reports contain accurate and final billing costs, and may be used, for example, for accounting purposes. Billing reports may be updated after each bill run, e.g. on a monthly basis. Billing reports component  114  may include, for example, an invoices tool  1702 , a data files tool  1704 , a time management tool  1706 , and a usage information tool  1708 . 
       FIG. 18  is an exemplary flow diagram for creating invoice data. A moderator may login (step  1801 ). The moderator enters a client-matter number or other billing reference before, during or after a conference (step  1803 ). The billing reference, along with other conference details, is extracted from conference facilities on a periodic basis (e.g., monthly) and rated (step  1804 ). The rated billing information is uploaded into the conferencing services provider system for further processing (step  1806 ). In one embodiment, as a courtesy to its customers, the conferencing services provider may strip all one-participant calls from the call detail records so that no charges are applied for those calls. For example, these calls may illustrate that moderators are familiarizing themselves with the conferencing service prior to an actual conference. 
     Next, the call detail records are combined with additional customer and billing information, such as office codes, employee codes, parent billing information (e.g., in cases where conferences for multiple offices are being billed to a single location), prior payments, credits, write-offs, etc. (step  1808 ). Once the billing and account balance information is compiled, the system calculates the appropriate federal and state taxes for each conference (step  1810 ). 
     The primary usage-based charges associated with each call detail record and any ancillary charges (such as transcription or recording fees) are consolidated and summarized into a call summary record (step  1812 ). The conferencing services provider may create a file including the call summary record, such as a pipe-delimited text file, which may be uploaded into billing reports component  114  or exported (step  1814 ). Additional details regarding the collection and processing of invoice data may be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/848,181, entitled Dynamic Reporting Tool for Conferencing Customers. 
     Customers may use billing reports component  114  to query historical billing information, for example, using data from prior invoices, or searching by invoice date, office code, moderator name, employee code, billing code, etc. Invoice data may be displayed to customer  102 , for example via the Internet, and the data may be downloaded to an Excel spreadsheet, printed from the browser window, or emailed to a user-specified email address, for example. 
     In one embodiment, billing reports component  114  includes an invoices tool that enables a user to search invoice data using search criteria. In certain embodiments, the search criteria may be based on a hierarchy of offices, moderators, and billing codes for a given customer. A moderator may be identified, for example, by employee code, and may belong to a single office and work on multiple billing code projects. Similarly, many moderators may work on a single billing code matter. Furthermore, moderators from multiple offices may work on the same billing code matter. 
       FIG. 19  is a diagram of exemplary invoice report search criteria  1800 . In the embodiment shown in  FIG. 19 , a user may use the “First Tier Search Criteria” to narrow a search, for example by a billing code. The user may choose to filter the search results, using “Second Tier Search Criteria,” for example based on office code, moderator name, and employee code. The user may then further filter the invoice data using “Third Tier Search Criteria,” for example, by moderator name and employee code. 
     In one example, if moderator name or employee code is selected, then the user may narrow the search further by billing code. Other types of nested or tiered searches may also be used to find invoice data. For example, a search begun with billing code may subsequently be narrowed by office code, moderator name or employee code and if the second search criterion were office code, then moderator name or employee code would finally filter the search. If the second search criterion were moderator name or employee code, there may be no other search criteria. In certain embodiments, the final options for searching are moderator name and employee code, which would uniquely identify a single moderator. If either of these is selected, the remaining search filter is billing code. 
     At each step of search criteria selection, the user may choose one or more values of the search criterion. For example, if the user selects office code, a list of office codes from that customer&#39;s invoice data will be displayed to the user. Once the user picks specific office codes, reporting tool  106  may save these choices for the remainder of the search criteria selection. At that point, if the user then narrows the. search by moderator name, only the moderators for the previously selected office(s) will be displayed. This is also true if the user chooses to narrow the search by billing code—only the billing codes for moderators and offices previously selected will be displayed. This method of nested filtering applies regardless of the search criteria selected. An invoice report may be generated at any level of the search criteria filtering and displayed, printed, downloaded, or e-mailed. 
     Billing reports component  114  also allows users to obtain data files of invoice data, using, for example, data files tool  1704 . These data files may include, for example, Comma Separated Value (“CSV”) text files of billing data for each bill cycle. Data files may be updated after each bill run, for example on a monthly basis. To provide customers with increased flexibility and convenient billing system integration, data files may be downloaded directly into a customer&#39;s cost recovery or billing systems. 
     Time Management 
     Time management tool  1704  of billing reports component  114  may provide conferencing customers with access to valuable information pertaining to the amount of time each employee has spent on conferences. For example, a time management file may assist customers in maintaining accurate time records for employees, particularly employees whose time is billable to clients. The time management file may contain, for example, date, activity, begin time, end time, duration, billing code, name, employee code, office code, and moderator information. The duration may be formatted according to billing protocols of the customer (e.g., rounded to the nearest tenth of an hour). 
       FIG. 20  is an exemplary user interface for searching time management data. In the embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 20 , a user may select a date range and specify a format for the data file, such as Excel format or CSV text files. In this way, a time management file may be downloaded and imported into internal time-keeping systems. Time management data may be updated periodically, for example, weekly, or on set dates, such as at the end of each calendar month or at the end of a customer&#39;s fiscal year. 
     Customers may use time management data to increase accuracy and efficiency of accounting and billing for conferencing time. For example, a moderator may participate in multiple conferences in a single day. The moderator may record only general information about his participation in the conferences or may inadvertently forget to record one of the conferences. This could result in the customer failing to properly bill for the moderator&#39;s time or in the moderator losing credit for time worked. Using a time management data file provided by time management tool  1706 , the customer may double check the moderator&#39;s entered time and correct for any errors, thus recapturing valuable time and money. In another example, the time management data file may be used to automatically record billable time spent on a conference, relieving the moderator of the hassle of recording billing information for each conference he participates in. 
     As described above, embodiments consistent with the present invention provide an integrated online reporting tool for conferencing services reporting to support. customer billing needs. Those skilled in the art will recognize that a system consistent with the present invention may include separate components to provide each of the system&#39;s features or one or more components may be omitted or combined. 
     Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and embodiments be considered as exemplary only.