Abstract:
According to the first aspect, the present invention provides a music distribution method for downloading, in response to a request from a user, music data for one or more musical pieces included in the latest hit charts from a server storing a lot of music data, comprising the steps of determining whether music data to be downloaded from said server are already stored in a terminal of said user, and downloading, from said server to said terminal, only music data that are not stored in said terminal. According to the second aspect, the present invention provides a music distribution system comprising a server for storing a lot of music data, and means responsive to a request from a user for downloading, from said server, music data for one or more musical pieces included in the latest hit charts, wherein said downloading means including means for determining whether music data to be downloaded from said server are already stored in a terminal of said user, and means for selectively downloading, from said server to said terminal, only music data that are not stored in said terminal.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    The present invention relates to music distribution, and in particular, to a method and a system for efficiently downloading, to a user terminal, musical pieces (e.g., top-ten musical pieces) included in the latest hit charts.  
         BACKGROUND ART  
         [0002]    With the spread of the Internet, it has become common to conduct various transactions on the Internet, including music distribution. In the music distribution, a lot of music contents are stored in a server, and music contents requested by a user are downloaded to a terminal of that user with charge. The downloaded musical pieces can be played back by a personal computer or by a portable music playback terminal. Several music distribution sites have now been established that distribute music contents with a price of several hundreds yen per piece. Since this price is considerably lower than that of a single CD, and the music contents can be electronically stored and handled in a convenient way, it is expected that the music distribution will become ever more popular.  
           [0003]    While various genres of music, such as classics, pop, popular ballads, latin and rock, can be downloaded from a music distribution site, users, especially young users, would exhibit a strong preference for the latest hit songs. Therefore, taking this tendency into consideration, some music distribution sites feature a list of top ten or more songs on the latest hit charts on the web.  
           [0004]    As prior art for downloading the latest hit music, an information distribution system and a reception apparatus are disclosed in Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. H11-150517. According to this system, distribution list information (hit charts list), including next distribution list information, is transmitted, along with music data, by a distribution center to a reception site, and at the reception site, a determination is made, based on the distribution list information, as to which music data should be downloaded. When the music data that is selected in this manner corresponds to songs included in the next distribution list information, at the reception site a reception waiting state is assumed, and no request is transmitted the distribution center.  
           [0005]    Further, an also well known technique is disclosed in Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. H11-312175. According to this technique, instead of downloading music data directly to a user terminal, only the information that is required for downloading to be performed is received from a music distribution server and is stored on a recording medium, such as an MD (mini disk). Subsequently, after the recording medium has been loaded into an information terminal set up in a CD shop or a convenience store and a predetermined fee has been paid, music data corresponding to the information stored on the recording medium is downloaded from the music distribution server.  
           [0006]    Conventionally, to download music listed on the latest hit charts, a user would first identify songs that are ranked at the higher places, e.g., top ten songs, on the Web of a music distribution site, and then select a song or songs that have been newly added to the top ten list and downloads them. However, it would be troublesome for a user to check what songs are listed on the hit charts each time the user downloads a song or songs. Further, even after new song has been downloaded, if a user desires to sequentially play back, in order, the top ten songs on the hit charts, the user would have to change the music playback order, or if it is troublesome, the user would have to download the top ten songs every week.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0007]    It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a method and a system for efficiently downloading music data, in a form transparent to a user, for one or more musical pieces on the latest hit charts.  
           [0008]    It is another object of the invention to provide a method and a system for efficiently downloading only music data that are ranked at the first to predetermined places on the latest hit charts and not stored in a user&#39;s terminal.  
           [0009]    According to a first aspect of the invention, a music distribution method for downloading, in response to a request from a user, music data for one or more musical pieces included in the latest hit charts from a server storing a lot of music data, comprising the steps of determining whether music data to be downloaded from said server are already stored in a terminal of said user, and downloading, from said server to said terminal, only music data that are not stored in said terminal, is provided.  
           [0010]    According to a second aspect of the invention, a music distribution system comprising a server for storing a lot of music data, and means responsive to a request from a user for downloading, from said server, music data for one or more musical pieces included in the latest hit charts, wherein said downloading means including means for determining whether music data to be downloaded from said server are already stored in a terminal of said user, and means for selectively downloading, from said server to said terminal, only music data that are not stored in said terminal, is provided.  
           [0011]    According to the preferred embodiments of the invention, music data to be downloaded are those which are ranked at the first to predetermined places on the latest hit charts and not stored in the user terminal. In addition to the music data, a latest hit charts list including places, titles and singer names is downloaded to thereby update a hit charts list of the user. Storage capacity of the user terminal can be saved by deleting, at the time of downloading, music data of musical pieces which are no longer included in the latest hit charts. The determination process in the first and the second aspects of the present invention may be performed by comparing the titles of musical pieces included in the latest hit charts list with those in the hit charts list of the user. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0012]    [0012]FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating the configuration of a system according to the present invention.  
         [0013]    [0013]FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a basic flow for music distribution implemented in the system of FIG. 1.  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an exemplary arrangement of a user terminal to which music data are downloaded.  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a detailed flow of a music distribution service according to the invention.  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary screen for member registration.  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary hit charts screen that is displayed when a user logs in by inputting a user ID and a password.  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary hit charts list held by a user. 
     
    
       [0019]    The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.  
       DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0020]    [0020]FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a system in which the present invention can be implemented. In the system of FIG. 1, multiple user terminals  10 A to  10 D (hereinafter generically referred to as user terminals  10 ) can access a music distribution server  14  across the Internet  12 . The music distribution server  14  includes a database  16  in which a lot of music data and user registration information are stored, and downloads selected music data in response to a request from a user. In addition to the music data and the user registration information, the latest hit charts list is also recorded in the database  16 , and for the music pieces included in the list (e.g., top 100), their places on the latest hit charts are associated with the music data.  
         [0021]    A basic flow for the music distribution implemented in the system of FIG. 1 will now be explained with reference to a flowchart shown in FIG. 2. First, at step  1 , a user accesses the music distribution server  14  using, for example, a web browser to download music pieces on the latest hit charts. When the access is successful, the user requests music pieces (e.g., top ten songs) listed on the latest hit charts at step  2 . When the hit charts musical pieces are requested, the latest hit charts list stored in the database  16  of the music distribution server  14  is compared with a hit charts list stored in the terminal of the requesting user at step  3 . Finally, at step  4 , only musical pieces that are not stored in the user terminal are downloaded. While the detailed process will be described later, the comparison process at step  3  may be performed by the music distribution server  14 , the user terminal  10 , or a dedicated downloading device (not shown) set up in a shop such as a convenience store.  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 3 illustrates a typical configuration of the user terminal  10  that downloads the music data on the latest hit charts in accordance with the flowchart of FIG. 2. While the exemplary configuration of FIG. 3 assumes data downloading using a personal computer, the user terminal  10  may be a personal portable terminal that can play back music, as will be described later. The user terminal  10  comprises a central processing unit (CPU)  22 , a read only memory (ROM)  24  and a dynamic random access memory (DRAM)  26 , all of which are connected to a system bus  28 . The CPU  22 , the ROM  24  and the DRAM  26  are also connected to a PCI local bus  30  via a PCI host bridge  32 . With this arrangement, the CPU  22  can access various PCI devices connected to the PCI local bus  30 . The PCI host bridge  32  also provides a high band path along which the PCI device can access the DRAM  26 .  
         [0023]    A communication adapter (modem)  34 , a hard disk controller (HDC)  36 , an extension bus bridge  38 , an audio adapter  40  and a graphics adapter  42  are connected to the PCI local bus  30 . The communication adapter  34  is used to connect the user terminal  10  to the Internet  12  so as to facilitate the downloading of music data from the music distribution server  14 . The hard disk controller  36  is used to control a hard disk drive  46  on which an operating system, application programs and data are stored. The extension bus bridge  38  is used to connect an ISA bus  48  to the PCI local bus  30 .  
         [0024]    As shown in FIG. 3, several user input devices can be connected to the ISA bus  48 , and in the illustrated example, a keyboard  50 , a microphone  52  and a pointing device (mouse)  54  are connected. A portable player  56 , which plays back downloaded music, may also be connected to the ISA bus  48 . If the portable player  56  is of a USB connection type, it is connected to the user terminal  10  via a USB interface (not shown). The audio adapter  40  controls audio output to a speaker  58 , and the graphics adapter  42  controls visual output to a display monitor  60 . In the user terminal  10  shown in FIG. 3, musical pieces downloaded from the music distribution server  14  can be played back through the speaker  58  or the portable player  56 . Since all the components of the user terminal  10  are well known in the art, no detailed explanations thereof will be given.  
         [0025]    The overview of the procedure for downloading selected music data from the music distribution server  14  to the user terminal  10  has been described with reference to FIG. 2, and its details will now be described with reference to a flowchart shown in FIG. 4. The first step  70  is the same as step  1  in FIG. 2 in which a user accesses the music distribution server  14  by using a web browser such as Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer. When the access is successful, the initial screen (homepage) of the music distribution server  14  is displayed on the display monitor  60  of the user terminal  10 . While not shown in the drawing, a member registration button and a log in button are provided on the initial screen to allow a user, who desires to download musical pieces on the latest hit charts for the first time, to perform a member registration process, and a user, who has already been registered, to log in and request downloading of the latest hit songs.  
         [0026]    When, at step  71 , the user selects member registration, the flow proceeds to the registration step  72  where, as shown in FIG. 5, the user is prompted to input personal information such as address, name and credit card number of the user. In addition to the input of the personal information, the user can specify, in a field  80 , up to what place from the top on the latest hit charts be downloaded. Choices such as top three, top ten and top twenty may be presented by the server, or the user may specify a desired place on the charts. Adjacent to the field  80 , a price per piece may be shown for the convenience of the user. While a detailed description will be given later, even when the user specifies downloading of the top ten, not all the top ten music pieces will be downloaded; only new pieces or songs that are not stored in the user terminal are downloaded.  
         [0027]    Since the registration works for the fields other than the field  80  are well known works performed at many sites, no detailed explanation thereof will be given. For example, it is well known in the art that when a triangular mark  81  shown at the right of the “credit card company” field is clicked, a list of credit card companies is displayed to allow the user to select one of them. When the user completes inputting the information and clicks a “completed” button  82 , the registration process ends and the information input by the user is stored in the database  16  of the music distribution server  14 . The flow then proceeds to step  73  to allow the user to log in by inputting a user ID (normally a mail address input at the time of registration is used) and a password. If the registration process at step  72  takes time and the login will not be permitted until the next access, the flow terminates after step  72 .  
         [0028]    The user, if registered, can proceed to a process for downloading musical pieces listed on the latest hit charts by selecting login at step  73 . For a user who has selected neither the member registration nor the login, other services including an audio trial service may be provided (step  74 ). When the user who has selected login at step  73  inputs a user ID and a password following instructions on the screen, a new screen such as shown in FIG. 6 is displayed on which the user can request downloading of musical pieces listed on the latest hit charts (step  75 ).  
         [0029]    [0029]FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary screen titled “this week&#39;s hit charts” on which titles and singer names of top ten songs on the latest hit charts are displayed. The user can see up to, for example, the 100th place on the hit charts by operating a scroll bar  84  on the right of the screen. An audio trial button  86  and a purchase button  88  are provided to the right of each music piece. While these buttons are also provided in the existing music distribution sites, the present invention additionally provides a button  90  for collectively purchasing several music pieces ranked high on the hit charts. The user, who has specified a place on the hit charts up to which musical pieces are to be downloaded, can download only new musical pieces which the user does not have among those which are ranked at the first to the specified places, by clicking the collective purchase button  90 . Assuming that the user has specified the top ten, the process will be as follows. The same process may also be performed when the user specifies another value such as top three or top twenty.  
         [0030]    When the user clicks the collective purchase button  90 , the flow proceeds to step  76  to compare the hit charts list held by the music distribution server  14  with that held by the user. While this comparison may be performed in either the user terminal  10  or the music distribution server  14 , it is assumed in the following that the comparison is performed in the user terminal  10 .  
         [0031]    The music distribution server  14  has, in the database  16 , a list corresponding to the hit charts shown in FIG. 6, and the user also has a similar list in, for example, the hard disk drive  46 . An exemplary hit charts list held by the user is shown in FIG. 7. The list shown in FIG. 7 includes four entries, “ranking”, “title”, “singer” and “pointer”. The “pointer” includes a start address of an area (e.g., a portion of the hard disk drive  46 ) in which music data of a corresponding piece are stored, and the other entries are the same as those of the music distribution server  14 . The list of FIG. 7 may be used as a so-called play list. Since it is ascertained at step  75 , where the user ID and the password are input, that the user has requested the top ten musical pieces, the music distribution server  14  transmits, in response to the clicking of the collective purchase button  90 , the top ten list of the latest hit charts including their places, titles and singer names, to the user terminal  10 . This list does not include any actual music contents or music data. The user terminal  10  stores the received list in the DRAM  26  or the hard disk drive  46 , and compares, at step  76 , the titles on the received list with those on the list shown in FIG. 7 that is held by the user in order to identify musical pieces disappeared from the latest hit charts and new musical pieces to be downloaded.  
         [0032]    At step  77 , music data of the pieces disappeared from the latest hit charts are deleted. It is preferable to delete unnecessary or old music data for the purpose of saving in storage capacity because several megabytes of storage per piece would be required for the music data even after compression. Of course, old music data may be retained if such consideration is not required.  
         [0033]    When the musical pieces disappeared from the hit charts have been deleted, the flow proceeds to step  78  where the user terminal  10  transmits, for example, places or titles of new musical pieces to the music distribution server  14  to request downloading thereof. In response to the request, the music distribution server  14  downloads, to the user terminal  10 , the music data and attribute data (places or titles) of the specified new musical pieces. The user terminal  10  stores the received music data on the hard disk drive  46 , and stores its start address as a pointer in association with the attribute data. The pointer may be stored in the DRAM  26 . Finally, the user terminal  10  updates the hit charts list held by the user based on the latest hit charts list received at step  76  (step  79 ). This updating may be performed by writing (overwriting) titles, singers and stored pointers of the new musical pieces at the locations on the list of FIG. 7 where the old musical pieces disappeared from the latest hit charts were entered, and by rewriting the ranking column to reflect the latest hit charts. The musical pieces can be played back following the order on the hit charts by referencing the rewritten ranking column, starting playing back from “1”, and continuing in order.  
         [0034]    If the ranking column in FIG. 7 is to be fixed to display the latest hit charts list on the display monitor  60 , the original pointer values are stored in the DRAM  26  in association with the attribute data (for the ranking, it should be of the latest hit charts) so that the “pointer” column is rewritten, as needed, for a musical piece or pieces found in both the latest hit charts list and the user&#39;s old hit charts list (i.e., musical pieces that have not been downloaded this time). Then, the “title” and “singer” columns on the user list shown in FIG. 7 are updated with corresponding contents on the latest hit charts, and the pointer values stored in the DRAM  26  are written in corresponding locations in the “pointer” column, which locations can be identified from the attribute data.  
         [0035]    As described above, the comparison at step  76  may also be performed at the music distribution server  14 . In that case, the music distribution server  14  requests the user terminal  10  to transmit a user list such as shown in FIG. 7, in response to the clicking of the collective purchase button  90 . Receiving this request, the user terminal  10  transmits, to the music distribution server  14 , piece data on the list stored in the user terminal  10 . While the piece data may consist of titles only, it is preferable to include singer data therein to cope with a rare case in which musical pieces having the same title but performed by different singers are ranked in the hit charts. This is also true for the comparison performed by the user terminal  10 . The music distribution server  14  compares the received music data with those of the latest hit charts list held by the server  14  to identify musical pieces disappeared from the hit charts list of the user and musical pieces that are to be newly added. After this identification process, the music distribution server  14  requests the user terminal  10  to delete the musical pieces disappeared from the user&#39;s hit charts list (top ten list in this example), and the user terminal  10  deletes music data for the specified pieces in response to the request (step  77 ). After the deletion, the flow proceeds to step  78  where the music distribution server  14  downloads the latest hit charts list including places, titles and singer names (top ten list in this example) , and music data and attribute data of the musical pieces that were newly added. The updating of the user list at step  79  is performed in the same manner as when the comparison of the lists is performed by the user terminal  10 .  
         [0036]    When the music distribution server  14  is in charge of the comparison of the lists, the server  14  may transmit, to the user terminal  10 , piece data and latest place of any musical piece remaining in the old hit charts list held by the user terminal  10 , i.e., any musical piece whose music data have not been downloaded, instead of transmitting the latest hit charts list from the music distribution server  14  to the user terminal  10 . In that case, the attribute data for the new pieces transmitted from the music distribution server  14  must include all of the places, titles and singer names. The updating of the user list at step  79  is performed in the described manner.  
         [0037]    In the flowchart of FIG. 4, a program corresponding to the steps to be performed by the user terminal (steps  76  to  79 ) is downloaded from the music distribution server  14  to the user terminal  10  after the registration at step  72  has been completed.  
         [0038]    While the preferred embodiments using a personal computer as the user terminal  10  have been described, the present invention may also use a personal portable terminal having a music playback function to which data can be directly downloaded. However, such a portable terminal does not have sufficient power and capacity to execute the above program, and the present invention is, therefore, preferably implemented in the following manner.  
         [0039]    First, one or more downloading terminals (not shown) for music distribution are installed and connected to the music distribution server  14  via a network that may be any network including the Internet. While the downloading terminal may be functionally similar to the user terminal shown in FIG. 3, its hardware configuration should allow a portable terminal or a storage medium loaded therein such as MD or flash memory to be attached to the terminal. In addition to the music data, the user&#39;s hit charts list shown in FIG. 7 is also stored in this storage medium. When the user attaches his/her portable terminal or storage medium to the downloading terminal and requests downloading, the downloading terminal performs steps  76  to  79  shown in FIG. 4 in response to the request. In this embodiment, even a user who has not been registered as a member may issue a download request. For example, when the downloading terminal is installed in a convenience store, the user may merely hand his/her portable terminal or storage medium to a clerk of the store and verbally ask the clerk to download the top ten musical pieces. If the user has been registered as a member in some way, the user could input his/her user ID and password in the downloading terminal to download the musical pieces.  
         [0040]    When the download request is received, the downloading terminal first reads a user list from the storage medium of the portable terminal, downloads the latest hit charts list from the downloading site or music distribution server  14 , compares the two lists (step  76 ), deletes data of musical pieces disappeared from the latest hit charts, if any, (step  77 ), downloads music data of new pieces to the storage medium (step  78 ), and finally updates the user list using the latest hit charts list (step  79 ). As described above, the comparison at step  76  may also be performed by the music distribution server  14 . Further, since the latest hit charts is updated periodically (e.g., every week) in the music distribution server  14 , it is not necessary to download the latest hit charts list each time step  76  is executed if the latest hit charts list is downloaded in advance from the music distribution server  14  to the downloading terminal.  
         [0041]    By installing the downloading terminal in a convenience store, it is possible to construct a music distribution system that is very convenient for a user of a portable terminal because the member registration is not required, and payment can be done at the convenience store.  
         [0042]    While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been explained, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and various modifications and changes can be made.