Abstract:
A stenographic machine including a housing, a stenographic processing unit in the housing, and a stenographic keyboard at the housing and operatively connected to the stenographic processing unit to record stenographic dictation by a user. The stenographic keyboard has a plurality of adjustable key assemblies pivotally connected thereto. Each key assembly has a key cap having a first removable securing portion and a stenographic keyboard key lever having a second removable securing portion cooperating with the first removable securing portion to removably hold the key cap thereat over a variety of different positions, a lever connection end having a pivoting connection attached to the stenographic keyboard to move between a steady-state raised position and a depressed lowered position, and an extension portion extending away from the second removable securing portion and to the lever connection end.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/211,335, filed on Mar. 14, 2014 (which application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/794,783, filed on Mar. 15, 2013); the entire disclosures of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
     Not Applicable 
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention lies in the field of keystroke devices. In particular, the invention is in the field of computer or stenographic keyboards and methods and devices for adjusting a height of one or more keys of such keyboards. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Various keystroke devices exist in the art. The most prevalent keystroke device is a computer keyboard. The keys of a standard computer keyboard are merely switches electronically indicating only a depressed state. Therefore, no signal is output or indicated by the keyboard when a keyboard is at rest, and a signal corresponding to depressed key(s) is output or indicated only when at least one key is depressed sufficiently far to “set off” the switch of that key or the switches of that set of keys. 
     A typewriter also has a keyboard, which can be mechanical and/or electronic. Like the computer keyboard, actuation (e.g., depression) of a key is intended to print a character. In electronic typewriters, when a key is actuated sufficiently far, a signal is sent to a processor to have the corresponding key(s) printed on the typing medium (e.g., paper). Mechanical typewriters are similar to electronic typewriters, but with one significant difference. Mechanical typewriters connect the key of the keyboard directly to the hammer containing the corresponding character to be printed on the page. Such a connection typically places the key at the end of a lever connected to a fulcrum and, when the lever is depressed at a proximal end, the distal end of the lever forcibly contacts or causes a hammer to pivot its distal end towards the page. A printing ribbon is disposed between the page and the end of travel of the hammer and a character formed at the end of the hammer is printed on the paper because the raised character presses the printing ribbon against the page. 
     Another keystroke device can be found on stenographic devices. The most modern stenographic devices are entirely electronic and virtually immediately translate the stenographic key actuations into an accurate written representation of the spoken word. These modern devices are analogous to the electronic typewriters and computer keyboards in that a specific actuation of a key or set of keys will cause a printing or storage of the corresponding character or set of characters. 
     Prior art stenographic keyboards all have a rear and middle row of ten keys each and a front row of four keys, the latter being closer to the stenographer than the former. In such machines, the keys of the front row correspond to vowels. These keys are, in the prior art, at a level lower (closer to ground) than the two rear rows. Some prior art machines are illustrated in  FIGS. 1 to 6 .  FIGS. 1 and 2  are views of a stenographic writer manufactured by the Stenograph Corporation and called a Mira. As is clear from  FIG. 1 , the vowel keys in the front row are in a different, lower, plane than the keys in the two rear rows. The Mira has the ability to adjust key sensitivity but this adjustment is entirely mechanical, it is also inconvenient.  FIG. 3  shows the top of the machine opened, revealing individual key sensitivity adjustment wheels for each of the keys. Thus, in order to make any key adjustment, the top of the machine must be opened. This means that stenographic dictation cannot occur while making a key sensitivity adjustment and also means that the screen of the Mira cannot be viewed while in this adjustment mode. More importantly, after an adjustment has been made, the top must be closed before the user can check to see if the adjustment was adequate. So, the adjustment process must be repeated on a trial-and-error basis for each key, which can be extremely time-consuming.  FIGS. 4 and 5  illustrate the depth-of-stroke adjustment wheel and the tension adjustment wheel, respectively. It is noted that the stroke adjustment wheel is hard to reach and cannot be accessed unless the top of the machine is opened. The stroke adjustment wheel is stiff and only permits a small fraction of adjustment as compared to the entire key stroke. Practically, a user cannot type with the machine while an adjustment is being made. Similarly, the tension adjustment wheel in  FIG. 5  only allows a small adjustment. Again, the top of the machine must be opened, making it impractical to write with the machine at the same time that an adjustment is being made. 
     In stenographic machines that are used in countries outside Europe, there are additional keys to the left of the two rear rows. These additional keys are at the same level as the keys in the rear two rows and correspond to different characters that are not needed for English transcription. These keys, in use, can be depressed individually or together. When such machines are used by United States-trained stenographers, these keys are a distraction and/or get in the way of their typing. Accordingly, most machines sold in the United States do not include these keys. In other machines, such users commonly remove these keys. 
       FIG. 6  illustrates another prior art stenographic machine referred to as the Treal TR, manufactured by Word Technologies. This writer is not adjustable and has plunger-activated keys. There are three holes  60  shown on the left-hand side of  FIG. 6  where the extra set of keys were positioned before they were removed. These keys existed in the same plane as the other keys of the three 10-key rear rows. Another prior art writer similar to this machine is called the Gemini, manufactured by the Neutrino Group. 
     Prior art keyboards were comprised of a set of individual key assemblies  21 . These key assemblies  21  each contained a key pad  22  fixedly connected to a key lever  24 . The key lever  24  was pivotally connected to the writer to enable a keystroke when depressed. A height of each key pad  22 , in the prior art key assemblies  21 , was controlled only by the angle at which the key lever  24  exited the housing  26  of the writer. But, when that angle was adjusted, the upper surface of the key pad  22  was no longer parallel to the remaining key pads  22 . As such, individual key pads  22  in the prior art writers were not adjustable in any way that kept the upper surface parallel to all of the other upper surfaces of the key pads  22 . It would, therefore, be beneficial to provide a way to adjust individual keys so that the upper key pad surface could moved up and down as desired. 
     As described, prior art stenographic machines have the vowel keys in the lower plane than the other keys. Many reporters, however, find it more comfortable to write with all of the keys in the same plane. Adjustment of the vowel keys has heretofore not been possible. Accordingly, the reporters, themselves, have taken to raise their own vowel keys by adding pads to them. But, with reporters who like to raise their vowel keys, the heights of the keys are not consistently desired. Accordingly, it would be desirable to be able to provide adjustable-height keys having intermediately raised, equally raised, or even extended heights for the vowel keys. 
     Concurrently, some reporters desire to lower the height of the vowel keys. Prior art writers, however, did not permit this without switching out the entire key lever. It is important to note that to switch out entire such key levers the writers needed to be returned to the manufacturer. Accordingly, it would be desirable to permit the user to lower and raise the height of the keys in a custom way without returning the device to the manufacturer every time adjustment was desired. 
     Thus, a need exists to overcome the problems with the prior art systems, designs, and processes as discussed above. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention provides devices and methods for adjusting heights of one or more keys of a keyboard that overcome the hereinafore-mentioned disadvantages of the heretofore-known devices and methods of this general type. 
     As set forth above, prior art stenographic machines sometimes include keys to the left of the 10-key rows. However, these keys are used solely for different characters and are available only for international markets; they are not used for English transcription. The present invention places a single key to the left of each of the two rear rows (these keys are in the second and third rows when start of counting begins at the front row). These two keys, in contrast to any prior art mechanism, have a top surface that is substantially lower than the top surface of the keys in the two rear rows. In particular, the top surfaces of these additional keys are at a level lower than the greatest depression level of any of the keys in the two rear rows. As such, even a full depression of the two left-most keys (corresponding to the “S” phonetic sound) will not permit the wide-pinkied user to accidentally depress either of the two additional left keys. In addition, in the normal writing position, the user will not be able to feel these extra keys, and, therefore, will not misplace his/her hands on the keyboard, which would result in inaccurate fingering. 
     The systems disclosed use these two additional keys to expand the “vocabulary” of the standard stenographic keyboard, shown, for example, in  FIG. 10 . With these additional keys, when any one or both are depressed, three additional keyboards and, therefore, at least 72 additional keys, can be accessed, much like the control, shift, and alt keys on a conventional computer keyboard. If a third key is added in this new column next to the fourth (top) row key, then even more key possibilities become available to the user. These additional keys can be used to represent any character or character set. They can also be used in combination with other standard keys to create additional commands, much like the control, shift, and alt commands of computer keyboards. Additional keys are also necessary for some foreign stenographic theories. Even though the new keys are disposed at a level lower than the lowest depression level of the keys, the user can be trained to use these new keys in a way to make available these foreign stenographic theories. Alternatively, the keys can be configured to rest at two or more different heights depending on the user&#39;s choice. In another alternative exemplary embodiment, the shorter keys can be replaced with taller keys that, when installed, have a top surface at a height equal to the top surface height of the other keys, or even higher. In this way, foreign theories of stenography can be accommodated. 
     Four additional keys can increase the different possible combinations in one stenographic stroke from 2 24  to 2 27 . While 2 24  is already a huge number, the practical number of combinations is much lower; it is limited by the human hand to a maximum of 20 bits out of the maximum of 24 bits. The keys added by the present invention dramatically increase the useful number of keys that can be combined into a single stroke. This increase allows the reporter to write faster because they can create many more practical single-stroke entries. 
     An additional feature of the present invention does not place the four vowel keys of the front row in a plane lower than the keys of the two rear rows. Raising these keys produces advantages that were not provided previously. For example, stress on the wrist is reduced. Also, raising the keys makes it easier for users with small hands to reach the more distant keys when the vowel keys are simultaneously depressed. 
     The keystroke device is used particularly with a stenographic or stenotype machine (e.g., for court reporters). In paper stenotype machines, when a court reporter lightly touched a key(s), then the paper would be printed, not with a clear print of the keystroke, but with a light or shadow keystroke. As used herein, the words “keystroke” or a “stenographic keystroke” include any possible actuation of a key device or set of key devices. In other words, the definition includes both recognized key actuations (whether for a single key or a set of more than one key) and any unrecognized, accidental, incorrect, and/or inadvertent actuation of a single key or a set of more than one key. 
     With the foregoing and other objects in view, there is provided, in accordance with the invention, an adjustable key assembly for a stenographic machine including a key cap having a first removable securing portion and a stenographic keyboard key lever having, a second removable securing portion cooperating with the first removable securing portion to removably hold the key cap thereat over a variety of different positions, a lever connection end having a pivoting connection shaped to attach to the stenographic machine in a pivotable manner and move between a steady-state raised position and a depressed lowered position, and an extension portion extending away from the second removable securing portion and to the lever connection end. 
     With the objects of the invention in view, there is also provided a stenographic machine including a housing, a stenographic processing unit in the housing, and a stenographic keyboard at the housing and operatively connected to the stenographic processing unit to record stenographic dictation by a user. The stenographic keyboard has a plurality of adjustable key assemblies pivotally connected thereto. Each key assembly has a key cap having a first removable securing portion and a stenographic keyboard key lever having a second removable securing portion cooperating with the first removable securing portion to removably hold the key cap thereat over a variety of different positions, a lever connection end having a pivoting connection attached to the stenographic keyboard to move between a steady-state raised position, and a depressed lowered position, and an extension portion extending away from the second removable securing portion and to the lever connection end. 
     In accordance with another feature of the invention, the key cap has a top surface and the first removable securing portion and the second removable securing portion are adjustably disposed with respect to one another to place the top surface of the key cap at different vertical heights with respect to ground. 
     In accordance with a concomitant feature of the invention, the key cap is a set of key caps each having a different sized first removable securing portion to place the key cap, when attached to the key lever, at different positions selected from at least one of a different height and a different length. 
     Although the invention is illustrated and described herein as embodied in devices and methods for adjusting heights of one or more keys of a keyboard, it is, nevertheless, not intended to be limited to the details shown because various modifications and structural changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention and within the scope and range of equivalents of the claims. Additionally, well-known elements of exemplary embodiments of the invention will not be described in detail or will be omitted so as not to obscure the relevant details of the invention. 
     Additional advantages and other features characteristic of the present invention will be set forth in the detailed description that follows and may be apparent from the detailed description or may be learned by practice of exemplary embodiments of the invention. Still other advantages of the invention may be realized by any of the instrumentalities, methods, or combinations particularly pointed out in the claims. 
     Other features that are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in the appended claims. As required, detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, which can be embodied in various forms. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one of ordinary skill in the art to variously employ the present invention in virtually any appropriately detailed structure. Further, the terms and phrases used herein are not intended to be limiting; but rather, to provide an understandable description of the invention. While the specification concludes with claims defining the features of the invention that are regarded as novel, it is believed that the invention will be better understood from a consideration of the following description in conjunction with the drawing figures, in which like reference numerals are carried forward. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying figures, where like reference numerals refer to identical or functionally similar elements throughout the separate views, which are not true to scale, and which, together with the detailed description below, are incorporated in and form part of the specification, serve to illustrate further various embodiments and to explain various principles and advantages all in accordance with the present invention. Advantages of embodiments of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments thereof, which description should be considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a fragmentary, perspective view of a prior art stenographic machine from the front; 
         FIG. 2  is a fragmentary, perspective view of the prior art stenographic machine of  FIG. 1  from above the front; 
         FIG. 3  is a fragmentary, perspective view of an interior portion of the prior art stenographic machine of  FIG. 1  from above the front; 
         FIG. 4  is a fragmentary, perspective view of another interior portion of the prior art stenographic machine of  FIG. 1  from above the rear; 
         FIG. 5  is a fragmentary, enlarged, perspective view of a portion of the prior art stenographic machine of  FIG. 3  from above the front; 
         FIG. 6  is a fragmentary perspective view of another prior art stenographic machine from above the front; 
         FIG. 7  is a block circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a stenographic system according to the invention; 
         FIG. 8  is a fragmentary, perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a stenographic machine according to the invention from a front left side; 
         FIG. 9  is a diagrammatic illustration of a standard stenographic keyboard; 
         FIG. 10  is a fragmentary, exploded, perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a key assembly according to the invention with a key pad having a first height; 
         FIG. 11  is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a keyboard sub-assembly of a stenographic machine according to the invention from above a front right side; 
         FIG. 12  is a perspective view of the keyboard sub-assembly of  FIG. 11  from below a front left side; 
         FIG. 13  is a perspective view of the key assembly of  FIG. 10 ; 
         FIG. 14  is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a key assembly according to the invention with a key pad having a second height; 
         FIG. 15  is a photograph of an exemplary embodiment of a key pad and fasteners according to the embodiment of  FIG. 10 ; 
         FIG. 16  is a fragmentary, exploded, perspective view of the key assembly of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 17  is a fragmentary, perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of a keyboard sub-assembly of a stenographic machine according to the invention from above a front right side; 
         FIG. 18  is a fragmentary, perspective view of the keyboard sub-assembly of  FIG. 17  from below a front left side; 
         FIG. 19  is a perspective view of the keyboard sub-assembly of  FIG. 17  from above a front; 
         FIG. 20  is a perspective view of the keyboard sub-assembly of  FIG. 17  from below the front; 
         FIG. 21  is a perspective view of an alternative exemplary embodiment of a key pad, key level, and fastener keyboard sub-assembly with the key pad at a highest setting; 
         FIG. 22  is a perspective view of sub-assembly of  FIG. 21  with the key pad at an intermediate setting; 
         FIG. 23  is a perspective view of the sub-assembly of  FIG. 21  with the key pad at a lowest setting; 
         FIG. 24  is a perspective view of the sub-assembly of  FIG. 21  from the opposite side of the key pad; 
         FIG. 25  is a side elevational view of a key lever portion of the sub-assembly of  FIG. 21 ; 
         FIG. 26  is a photograph of a perspective view of the keyboard sub-assembly of  FIG. 17  from above a front left with key caps for the front and rear control keys and two vowel key caps removed; 
         FIG. 27  is a photograph of a perspective view of the keyboard sub-assembly of  FIG. 17  from the left front side with key caps for the four vowel key caps removed; 
         FIG. 28  is a photograph of a perspective view of the keyboard sub-assembly of  FIG. 17  from the above a front left with the control keys and the vowel keys in a lowered orientation; 
         FIG. 29  is a photograph of a perspective view of the keyboard sub-assembly of  FIG. 17  from the above a left side with the control keys and the vowel keys in a raised orientation; 
         FIG. 30  is a photograph of a perspective view of the keyboard sub-assembly of  FIG. 17  from the left front side with the vowel keys in the lowered orientation; 
         FIG. 31  is a photograph of a perspective view of the keyboard sub-assembly of  FIG. 17  from the left front side with the vowel keys in an intermediate orientation; 
         FIG. 32  is a photograph of a perspective view of the keyboard sub-assembly of  FIG. 17  from the left front side with the vowel keys in the raised orientation; 
         FIG. 33  is a photograph of a perspective view of key caps; 
         FIG. 34  is a photograph of a perspective view of key caps; and 
         FIG. 35  is a perspective view of an alternative exemplary embodiment of a modular key pad system. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     As required, detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, which can be embodied in various forms. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention in virtually any appropriately detailed structure. Further, the terms and phrases used herein are not intended to be limiting; but rather, to provide an understandable description of the invention. While the specification concludes with claims defining the features of the invention that are regarded as novel, it is believed that the invention will be better understood from a consideration of the following description in conjunction with the drawing figures, in which like reference numerals are carried forward. 
     Alternate embodiments may be devised without departing from the spirit or the scope of the invention. Additionally, well-known elements of exemplary embodiments of the invention will not be described in detail or will be omitted so as not to obscure the relevant details of the invention. 
     Before the present invention is disclosed and described, it is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. The terms “a” or “an”, as used herein, are defined as one or more than one. The term “plurality,” as used herein, is defined as two or more than two. The term “another,” as used herein, is defined as at least a second or more. The terms “including” and/or “having,” as used herein, are defined as comprising (i.e., open language). The term “coupled,” as used herein, is defined as connected, although not necessarily directly, and not necessarily mechanically. 
     Relational terms such as first and second, top and bottom, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by “comprises . . . a” does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. 
     As used herein, the term “about” or “approximately” applies to all numeric values, whether or not explicitly indicated. These terms generally refer to a range of numbers that one of skill in the art would consider equivalent to the recited values (i.e., having the same function or result). In many instances these terms may include numbers that are rounded to the nearest significant figure. 
     It will be appreciated that embodiments of the invention described herein may be comprised of one or more conventional processors and unique stored program instructions that control the one or more processors to implement, in conjunction with certain non-processor circuits and other elements, some, most, or all of the functions of the powered injector devices described herein. The non-processor circuits may include, but are not limited to, signal drivers, clock circuits, power source circuits, and user input and output elements. Alternatively, some or all functions could be implemented by a state machine that has no stored program instructions, or in one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) or field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), in which each function or some combinations of certain of the functions are implemented as custom logic. Of course, a combination of these approaches could also be used. Thus, methods and means for these functions have been described herein. 
     The terms “program,” “software,” “software application,” and the like as used herein, are defined as a sequence of instructions designed for execution on a computer system. A “program,” “software,” “computer program,” or “software application” may include a subroutine, a function, a procedure, an object method, an object implementation, an executable application, an applet, a servlet, a source code, an object code, a shared library/dynamic load library and/or other sequence of instructions designed for execution on a computer system. 
     Herein various embodiments of the present invention are described. In many of the different embodiments, features are similar. Therefore, to avoid redundancy, repetitive description of these similar features may not be made in some circumstances. It shall be understood, however, that description of a first-appearing feature applies to the later described similar feature and each respective description, therefore, is to be incorporated therein without such repetition. 
     Described now are exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Referring now to the figures of the drawings in detail and first, particularly to  FIG. 7  thereof, there is shown a block circuit diagram of a stenographic device according to the invention. The stenographic machine  1  has a keyboard  10  having plurality of keystroke devices, which are connected to an on-board proceeding unit including a microprocessor  2 . A memory  3  (e.g., RAM, ROM, hard drive, removable memory) is connected to the microprocessor  2  for storing data and supplying stored data to the microprocessor  2  and for storing and executing software. A display  4  is connected to the microprocessor  2  for displaying stenographic and/or translated data and for displaying the shadows determined/detected by the microprocessor  2 . The microprocessor  2  controls all electronic operations including receiving stenographic data and shadow data, storing all data, and displaying all desired processes, which processes can include the stenographic and/or level data itself, indications that data is being stored, indications that data is being translated, translated stenographic output, and in many others. 
     Depending upon the configuration of the stenographic device, a translator  5  can be on-board the device and, therefore, it is directly connected to the microprocessor  2  for translating stored or incoming (real-time) stenographic data. Thus, input electronics for the keystroke device can be directly connected to the same processor  2  that controls the translation program, and the functions of input, shadow determination, translation, and correction/editing can be performed on a single unit  1 . 
     If the translator is not on board the stenographer&#39;s device  1 , then the device  1  can be connected to an external stenographic translator  6 , in which case the translator  6  is separate from the stenographic device  1  and information stored in the memory  3  is relayed  7  either by transfer through an intermediate media (e.g., floppy disk, CD/DVD, micro-drive, flash drive), in which case the device will have a floppy drive, CD/DVD drive, USB port, Firewire port, etc., or wirelessly through some kind of communication data link (e.g., a Bluetooth, ISDN, Internet, or other wireless data link), in which case the device will have an on-board transceiver  8  or other communications device. 
     In either case, the translator  5 ,  6  translates the stenographic data to the respective language (e.g., English). When the device  1  is associated directly with a translation system, translation occurs quickly so that the stenographer can view his/her stenographic keystrokes in almost real-time and in relatively understandable English (dependent upon the quality of the word/translation processor). The memory  3  will store the translation locally  3 ,  11  and/or externally  7 ,  9 . 
       FIG. 7  further illustrates the stenographic device  1  and an embodiment  9  for connecting the device to an external stenographic translator  6 . In the example of  FIG. 7 , the translator  6  is connected to the Internet and is housed at a location different from the stenographer&#39;s location. In such a networked configuration, the transceiver  8  can utilize a bi-directional data channel to transmit the un-translated stenographic data to the external translating computer  6  (represented by the dashed arrows), whether in real time or delayed. The translating computer  6  can, then, translate the stenographic data and transmit a translated data stream back to the device immediately or at a later time and to any other device that can be connected (directly or wirelessly) to the translating computer (also represented by the dashed arrows). Thus, the stenographer can have almost real-time analysis even without having an on-board translator. 
     One example of such a system  9  provides the stenographic device  1  with a connection (e.g., a direct or wireless transceiver  8 ) to the Internet and the external translating computer  6  with a connection (direct or wireless) also to the Internet. Thus, commonly available Internet connection devices available at the location where the stenographer is taking data can be used to facilitate quick and inexpensive translation of stenographic data without having to store the translation software on the stenographer&#39;s machine  1 . 
     When the device  1  has an integrated word processing system, then the functions of dictation, translation, and editing of the translation can be performed by the stenographer on a single machine. 
     The device  1  can also include a multi-media recorder  11  that can store, in an on-board memory or the memory  3 , digital video images and/or audio data. By recording the audio and/or video of the subject(s) of the stenographer on the device, it becomes possible to associate a portion of a multi-media file with a stenographic stroke. Such recording and coordination of stenographic and video and/or audio data allows the stenographer to playback images of and/or sounds from the subject to assist in the accurate translation of the stenographic keystrokes. Such multi-media data can also be transmitted to other computers and/or locations through network connections, for example, over the Internet, by wireless connections, such as Bluetooth, by direct connections, such as RS-232, universal serial bus, IRDA, Firewire, or by any other available data communications measures to assist the stenographer in accurate translation of the stenographic data. 
       FIG. 8  illustrates a side view of a first embodiment of a stenographic writer  1  described herein. The writer  1  has a housing  12  and a stenographic keyboard  10 . The keys shown in  FIG. 8  are illustrated in their normal rest state or undepressed state. A conventional stenographic keyboard has four rows, the front row  16  having four keys corresponding to vowels and two rear rows  20 ,  30  of ten keys each as shown in  FIG. 9 . The two left-most keys correspond to the same letter and, therefore, are shown in  FIG. 9  as a single key. On traditional machines, an “S” is produced whether the reporter presses the key in the second row or the third row because these keys are tied together—they are essentially one key. By adding at least one additional key in the present invention, the reporter has the option of defining every other key differently, if depression of that key changes the state of one or more other keys. The benefits arise by splitting the “S” key into two keys at the far left-hand side of the keyboard  10 . See, e.g.,  FIG. 8 . The inventive keyboard also employs the same separation with the asterisk key, located at the middle of the keyboard  10 . On traditional machines, although it might appear that there are two keys in the middle, they are, in fact, tied together and generate the same code. 
     The fourth row  40  of keys can take any form but is, commonly, a single key having a width equal to the ten adjacent keys of the rear rows  20 ,  30 . This single key  40  can, in another exemplary embodiment, be a set of keys as shown in  FIG. 8 , each having a separate corresponding definition. As used herein with respect to the keys of the keyboard  10 , “rear” is a position that is further away from the user than keys in the “front” of the keyboard  10 . 
     With respect to  FIGS. 8 and 9 , the four vowel keys are shown in a front or first row  16  and, in the exemplary embodiment of  FIG. 8 , they are positioned in a conventional lower orientation or position. Here, “lower” is used as a relative word to compare the top surface of the keys in the first row  16  to the top surface of the keys in the second, third, and fourth rows  20 ,  30 ,  40 , the top surfaces of which are all at the same height. 
     The keyboard  10  described herein includes a novel new side column  50  of two additional keys  52  and  54 , which are referred to herein as control keys. 
     The keys in the second, third, and fourth rows  20 ,  30 ,  40  can each be depressed to a lower-most position. The top surface of these keys, when in this lower-most position, is higher than the top surface of the control keys  52 ,  54  when the control keys  52 ,  54  are not depressed. As such, when the left-most keys in either of the second, third, and fourth rows  20 ,  30 ,  40  are depressed, a finger that is on the left edge will not be able to depress either of the two control keys  52 ,  54 . In other words, the user must make a conscious decision to depress either or both of the control  52 ,  54  keys. 
     The control keys  52 ,  54  have various uses in the described writer  1 . One exemplary use expands the “vocabulary” of the stenographic keyboard defined by the first to fourth rows  16 ,  20 ,  30 ,  40 . With the control keys  52 ,  54 , when any one or both are depressed, three additional keyboards can be accessed. Therefore, using the programming of the control system of the writer  1  to assign a different definition to each key when either the first control key  52 , the second control key  54 , or both control keys  52 ,  54  are depressed adds 72 additional keys to the twenty-four key original keyboard. 
     The control keys  52 ,  54  can be configured as press-on/press-off keys so that, when pressed once, they turn on and, upon a second press, they turn off. This feature is beneficial, for example, if non-activation of the keys  52 ,  54  is an English keyboard where activation of one of the two control keys  52 ,  54  turns the keyboard into a Spanish keyboard. The press-on/press-off function can be either mechanical or electronic. More specifically, once pressed, the key can stay depressed until it is pressed a second time, where it will physically return to its original starting height. Alternatively, in the electronic embodiment, once the key is depressed once, a “flag,” or bit is set, indicating the transition from a rest state to the depressed state. In this electronic exemplary embodiment, although the key physically returns to the starting rest state, the status of the key is “depressed.” To return the key to its original state, the key is transitioned again from the rest state, to the depressed state, and back to the rest state. 
     The novel keyboard  10  is comprised of a set of individual key assemblies  100  shown, for example, in  FIGS. 8, 10, 13 and 14 . Like prior art key assemblies  21 , the key assemblies  100  of the invention shown in  FIG. 8  each contain a key pad  82  fixedly connected to a key lever  84  with the key lever  84  being pivotally connected to the writer  1  to enable a keystroke when depressed. This is where the similarity ends. A height of each key pad  82 , however, is not controlled only by the angle at which the key lever  84  exited the housing  12  of the writer  1 . Rather, each individual key pad  82  is adjustable in a way that keeps the upper surface parallel to all of the other upper surfaces of the key pads  82 . 
       FIG. 10  illustrates a first exemplary embodiment of a single keystroke assembly  100  to be used in the inventive keyboard  10 , e.g., a keyboard of a stenographic writer  1 . The keystroke assembly  100  has a key lever  102  and a key pad  104  having a contact surface  106  at which a user imparts the force for activating the keystroke assembly  100 . The key pad  104  is connected to a proximal end  103  of the key lever  102 . The key lever  102  is connected movably to a key-retaining device  110  (see  FIGS. 11 and 12 ) at a pivot point  120 . The key lever  102  defines a pivot area  130  disposed between a distal portion  132  of the key lever  102  and the proximal end  103  of the key lever  102 . The key lever  102  has a non-illustrated bias device (e.g., a spring) imparting a force upon the key lever  102  to keep the contact surface  106  raised, i.e., in a non-actuated position. To impart a raising force to the key lever  102 , the spring is oriented so that the force imparted on the key lever  102  rotates the proximal end  103  counter-clockwise with respect to  FIGS. 10 and 12 to 14  about the pivot point  120 . The configuration of the bias device can take any form and the direction of force imparted by biasing spring can be in any direction so long as the contact surface  106  is raised when not activated and biases the key back to the raised position after being actuated. (The described configuration, of course, assumes that the keystroke assembly  100  is to be actuated by a lowering movement. Force in the opposite direction applies if the keystroke assembly  100  is to be lifted by a user.) 
     Height adjustability of each key pad  104  is accomplished in an exemplary embodiment shown in  FIGS. 10, 11, 12, 13, and 15 . Here, instead of having the key pad  104  fixed to the key lever  102  (e.g., integrally), a removable connection  108  is provided. This removable connection  108  can take any form. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the proximal end  103  of the key lever  102  forms a tab that is inserted into a groove of a hollow boss  105  projecting downward from the lower surface of the key pad  104 . Fasteners  109  (here in the exemplary form of bolts) removably connect the key pad  104  to the key lever  102 . It is noted that the height of the exemplary boss  105  in  FIGS. 10, 11, 12, and 13  is slightly larger than the head of the fastener  109  and, therefore, provides a first “low” key pad height. In contrast thereto, the boss  145  shown projecting from the key pads  144  illustrated in  FIGS. 14 and 16 to 20  is much longer and, therefore, provides a second “high” key pad height. These two exemplary embodiments of the key pads illustrate how easily a modular set of key pads can be created and used to customize each and every keystroke assembly  100  of the inventive stenographic keyboard. The exemplary embodiments of the key pad attachments shown are not the only possibilities for attaching the key pad  104 ,  144  to the key lever  102 . Further, the key assemblies  100  are envisioned not only for use on the vowel keys  16 , but for all keys,  20 ,  30 ,  40  on the stenographic keyboard  10 . 
       FIGS. 26 to 31  illustrate various configurations of the interchangeable key caps  104 ,  144 ,  2100  in the installed and removed states.  FIG. 26  shows the key caps for the front and rear control keys  54 ,  52 , respectively, removed as well as the “A” and “O” key caps removed. The “E” and “U” key caps are shown in the lowered orientation.  FIG. 27  shows all of the vowel key caps removed.  FIG. 28  shows all key caps installed in a lowered orientation and with the front and rear control keys  54 ,  52 , respectively, in the lowered orientation.  FIG. 29 , in contrast, shows the front and rear control keys  54 ,  52 , respectively, in a raised orientation even with the keys in the respective consonant rows  20 ,  30 . Here, too, the vowel key caps are shown in the raised orientation.  FIGS. 30 to 32  illustrate the difference in height of the lowered ( FIG. 30 ), the intermediate ( FIG. 31 ), and the raised ( FIG. 32 ) orientations for the vowel key caps. 
     A standard fourth row bar  40  extends from the “S” key on the left to the “D” key on the right as shown in  FIG. 9 . It is noted, however, that some embodiments described herein include the additional control keys, such as those shown in  FIGS. 12, 17 to 20, 26, 28, and 29 . With the control keys, the standard fourth row bar  40  would not extend all the way to the control keys. The configuration shown in  FIGS. 28 and 29 , however, show the inventive fourth row bar  40  extending leftward so that it lies behind the third row control key just at it lies behind the other third row consonant keys. By extending the fourth row bar  40 , the bar  40  can be pressed in conjunction with the control key that is immediately in front of it, using the same finger. 
     As can be seen from the key arms in  FIGS. 26 and 27 , they are parallel to one another yet the keys on the two rows  20 ,  30  are aligned with one another from front to back. This is accomplished by connecting the key caps to the key arms at respective right or left sides of the bottom surfaces. The mirror image connection bosses are illustrated best in  FIGS. 32 and 33 , showing key caps from each of the two consonant rows  20 ,  30  and the vowel row  16 . 
     In the exemplary embodiments illustrated, the fasteners  109  pass through holes in the key levers  102 ,  142 . If the holes were slots, then the fasteners  109  could be loosened so that the user could individually adjust the key pads  104 ,  144  to any desired height. Also, if the slots were circular segments having a centerpoint at the opposing connection (e.g., screw), then the key pads  104 ,  144  could be tilted, if desired by the stenographer, by loosening one screw and pivoting the key pad  104 ,  144  about the other screw. Also, a plurality of screw holes  107 , either individual or pairs, can be added to those shown to permit different heights for the key pads  104 ,  144  as desired. One exemplary embodiment of the multiple screw holes  107  is depicted in  FIGS. 21 to 25 , where multiple rows of holes  1107  exist on the key cap  2100  and one row of holes  1107  exists on the key lever  2110 . In an alternative non-illustrated configuration, the multiple rows of holes  1107  can exist on the key lever  2110  and one row of holes  1107  can exist on the key cap  2100 . As a further alternative, multiple rows can exist on both. Two holes are not required in these embodiments, they are only examples. It is found, however, that multiple securing points provide greater stability than just a single securing point, but one is envisioned as well. 
     As an alternative to the key lever  102 ,  142  having a bend (e.g., an approximately 90-degree bend as shown in  FIGS. 10 to 25 ), it is also possible to configure the key pad  104 ,  144  to have the bend itself and the tab would be at a distal end of a straight key lever  102 ,  142 . 
     As discussed above, the writer  1  has extra keys, for example, the two control keys on the left-hand side of the keyboard  10 . The inventive keys here are envisioned to apply the height adjustable embodiments to this keyboard  10  as well so the reporter can adjust each key as desired. 
     In addition to providing the key pads mentioned herein with adjustable heights, the key levers can be made adjustable to provide the user with adjustable key lever lengths. Also, to provide such longer key levers without having to replace the lever, the 90-degree bend can be part of the key pad  104 ,  144  with the holes  107  moved towards the distal portion  132  of the key lever  102  (as shown with the dashed line  111  in  FIG. 10 ). Then, the adjustable and/or removable key pad/lever portions (not illustrated) could be easily changed by the user for custom key lever lengths. For example, one user might prefer a longer (closer to the reporter) vowel key in an embodiment where the vowel keys are raised to have an upper surface at the same level as the other keys. This occurs when the user does not want to stretch his/her thumbs far, which does not occur if the vowel keys are in the same plane. Reporters with large hands have indicated, for example, that they have to “scrunch up” their thumbs to keep them from going past the end of raised vowel keys, which happens when their thumbs are extended. 
     Another non-illustrated way to raise and lower the key caps is with a ratcheting or click-stop connection that allows the user to move the key cap up and down after raising or pressing in a tab that unlocks the ratchet. 
     Yet another way to provide key caps that can be raised and lowered is with a modular system  3500  of keys caps  3510  shown, for example, in  FIG. 35 . Only the key pad (e.g.,  82 ) of a standard key lever that connects to a stenographic machine is illustrated in  FIG. 35 . The modular keycap  3500  is actually a snap-on attachment to an end platform  3510  formed by the key pad  82 . These snap-on keycaps  3500  can be made with varying heights H, only one of which is shown in  FIG. 35 . In this exemplary configuration, the keycap  3500  simply snaps onto the platform  3510  on top of a key arm. Because the spacing between the keys of a stenographic keyboard is small, the keycaps  3500  snap on from the side rather than snapping on from the front of the key. These keycaps  3500 , for example, can be used easily on the four vowel keys  16  at the bottom of the keyboard and on the extra keys on the far left of the inventive keyboard. Because there is no adjacent key on one side of each of those keys, the keycap  3500  does not create any interference. These keycaps  3500  both snap on from the left and snap on from the right of a key platform  3510 . 
     With this exemplary embodiment, the keycaps  3500  are also a little longer than the original keycaps. This can be a benefit for the vowel keys  16  on the front of the stenographic machine because, when these keys  16  are raised from their lower orientation, the reach to them with the thumbs of the user is shortened. It is, therefore, possible for reporters to “overshoot” standard-length vowel keys in the raised orientation, which does not occur if they are lengthened somewhat, for example, by the keycaps  3500 . 
     It is noted that various individual features of the inventive processes and systems may be described only in one exemplary embodiment herein. The particular choice for description herein with regard to a single exemplary embodiment is not to be taken as a limitation that the particular feature is only applicable to the embodiment in which it is described. All features described herein are equally applicable to, additive, or interchangeable with any or all of the other exemplary embodiments described herein and in any combination or grouping or arrangement. In particular, use of a single reference numeral herein to illustrate, define, or describe a particular feature does not mean that the feature cannot be associated or equated to another feature in another drawing figure or description. Further, where two or more reference numerals are used in the figures or in the drawings, this should not be construed as being limited to only those embodiments or features, they are equally applicable to similar features or not a reference numeral is used or another reference numeral is omitted. 
     The phrase “at least one of A and B” is used herein and/or in the following claims, where A and B are variables indicating a particular object or attribute. When used, this phrase is intended to and is hereby defined as a choice of A or B or both A and B, which is similar to the phrase “and/or”. Where more than two variables are present in such a phrase, this phrase is hereby defined as including only one of the variables, any one of the variables, any combination of any of the variables, and all of the variables. 
     The foregoing description and accompanying drawings illustrate the principles, exemplary embodiments, and modes of operation of the invention. However, the invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular embodiments discussed above. Additional variations of the embodiments discussed above will be appreciated by those skilled in the art and the above-described embodiments should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive. Accordingly, it should be appreciated that variations to those embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.