Abstract:
Described herein are techniques related to orienting a plurality of light-generating sources of a lightguide to illuminate a backlit a device, such as a display or keyboard, with soft, even light. This Abstract is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.

Description:
PRIORITY CLAIM AND CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a National Stage filing of PCT Application No. PCT/US15/31254 which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e)(1) of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/994,021, filed May 15, 2014, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Typically, light diffusion involves the scattering of direct light by making it pass through a translucent material and/or by bouncing it off a semi-reflective surface. Photographers often create a “softer” light by using light diffusion. 
     Light beams produced by a bright light source like the sun or a light bulb are straight. Diffused light beams pass through something that is not transparent or bounce off another surface. Diffused light beams scatter in different directions. This diffused light is softer and will not seem as harsh to the viewer as the direct light from the bright light sources. 
     The light beams are also called light rays. Light rays are composed of light photons. Light diffusion may be described as photon diffusion. 
     Thus, photon diffusion is when photons travel through a material without being absorbed, but rather undergoing repeated scattering events. These scattering events change the direction of the path of the photons. The path of any given photon is then effectively a random walk. A large ensemble of such photons can be said to exhibit diffusion in the material. 
     A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source that emits light. Since their introduction in the early 1960s, they have become increasingly more effective and popular. LED light illuminates displays, such as computer monitors, televisions, tablet computers, and touchscreen smartphones. 
     Unfortunately, a LED produces a pinpoint of light (i.e., point light) that produces an undesirable “hot spot”. Conversely, desirable displays have soft and even illumination. 
     In response, conventional diffusion technologies exist to ameliorate hot spots. The conventional diffusion technology typically involves layering of multiple and often differing films or substrates to refract and/or reflect the light beam from the pinpoint light sources. However, the relentless drive to ever thinner electronic devices makes the volume occupied by diffusers increasingly more precious. Consequentially, there is becoming less and less room in state-of-the-art electric devices for conventional diffusers. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1A  is a diagram illustrating a plurality of points of light produced by a plurality of LEDs, before an example system of the subsequent figures is applied to a plurality of LEDs. 
         FIG. 1B  is a diagram illustrating a plurality of points of light, after an example system of the subsequent figures is applied to the LEDs of  FIG. 1A . 
         FIG. 2  is a block diagram illustrating an example system implementing a backlighting apparatus, showing some detail of a substrate wrapped around an edge of a lightguide, according to an implementation. 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram illustrating an example system implementing a keyboard assembly, showing some detail of a deadfront keyboard, according to an implementation. 
         FIG. 4  is a block diagram illustrating an example system implementing a backlighting apparatus, showing some detail of a substrate that has light-generating sources disposed at a diffusive side, according to an implementation. 
         FIG. 5  is a block diagram illustrating an example system implementing a backlighting apparatus, showing some detail of light-generating sources configured to emit light into a lightplate, according to an implementation. 
         FIG. 6  is a block diagram illustrating an example system implementing a backlighting apparatus, showing some detail of a substrate that has light-generating sources disposed opposite a prismatic diffusion layer, according to an implementation. 
         FIG. 7  is a block diagram illustrating an example system implementing a backlighting apparatus, showing some detail of light-generating sources configured to emit light into a lightplate and a prismatic diffusion layer, according to an implementation. 
     
    
    
     The Detailed Description references the accompanying figures. In the figures, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identifies the figure in which the reference number first appears. The same numbers are used throughout the drawings to reference like features and components. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Techniques and devices provide uniform illumination, especially backlighting. Such backlighting can be used for many devices, such as displays or keyboards. In particular, the technology disclosed herein utilizes substrates that have light-generating sources with new and heretofore unachievable properties to backlight devices. A plurality of light-generating sources are positioned at a plurality of differing angles. Combined with diffusive layers or diffusive properties of a lightguide the light-generating sources create a soft, even backlighting in a thinner embodiment than conventional techniques. In one example embodiment, a substrate that has light-generating sources, and is wrapped around an edge of a lightguide. 
     Seemingly, all electronic devices are getting smaller and smaller. Computing devices are getting thinner and thinner. The thinness of display devices are constrained by many factors. Often, one of the factors that limits the thinness of such display devices are the lighting elements of the display devices. The thinness of the conventional display devices have been pushed to the limit of what conventional approaches can allow. 
     As these devices are getting thinner, often the physical size of the light-generating sources (e.g., light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is becoming a limiting factor in the thinness of devices. Often LEDs are used to edge-lit a lightguide. This is done this way to avoid having the LEDs in the directly line-of-sight of a display (or similar device). Doing this can create harsh points of light. The technology described herein describes orienting light-generating sources (such as LEDs) in a variety of manners to utilize reflective and diffusive properties in lightguides. These novel techniques enable the devices, for example display devices, to be thinner, and to have a soft, even backlighting. Thus, these display devices are both thin and do not have harsh points of light. 
     Implementations described herein utilize a thin and flexible substrate on which light-generated sources (e.g., LEDs) are operatively connected to a circuitry on the substrate. In some implementations, the lightguide acts as the substrate. In still other implementations, the light-generating sources are disposed within the lightguide. The substrate is 0.1 to 0.15 mm thick or perhaps thinner. In some implementations, the substrate has a thickness of 0.07 to 0.2 mm (i.e., 70 to 200 microns) 
     To further emphasize this advantage over conventional techniques,  FIG. 1A  demonstrates an example of the failing of light-generating sources arranged in a conventional backlighting manner. As shown, the light-generating sources generate several harsh points of light  102 . These points of light are undesirable to a user of a display device, as they distract from the information presented by the display device. 
     Conversely,  FIG. 1B  demonstrates an example of the novel technology described herein. Rather than the harsh points of light  102 ,  FIG. 1B  shows a soft, even backlighting  104  of the display device. Soft, even backlighting can decrease viewing strain. 
     Exemplary Lightplates 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a system  200  implementing a backlighting apparatus, showing some detail of a substrate wrapped around an edge of a lightguide. For example, substrate  202  is wrapped around an edge of lightguide  204 . Lightguide  204  includes diffusive side  206  and non-diffusive side  208 . Since substrate  202  is wrapped around the edge of lightguide  204 , substrate  202  covers a portion of diffusive side  206  and a portion of non-diffusive side  208 . 
     Substrate  202  has several layers attached thereto. Light layer  210  includes light-generating source (LGS)  212 . Layers  214  and  216  include conductive traces. Conductive traces  214  and  216  electrically link light-generating source  212  to a power source. The power source enables light-generating source  212  to emit light by becoming electrically charged. 
     In one or more implementations, the light layer  210  on the substrate  202  has several LEDs (e.g., printable light-emitting diodes (pLEDs)), that emit light into the lightguide  204  at different sides (e.g., surfaces/sides and edge) of the lightguide. The orientation of the LGSs relative to the lightguide  204  (e.g., surface/side or edge) create a plurality of differing angles at which the light enters the lightguide. For example, light-generating source  218  is oriented perpendicular to diffusive side  206 . Further, light-generating source  220  is oriented perpendicular to non-diffusive side  208 . Also, light-generating source  212  is oriented parallel to diffusive side  206  and non-diffusive side  208  (or perpendicular to the edge). Thus, light-generating source  218 , light-generating source  220 , and light-generating source  212  are all oriented at different angles from each other. 
     Herein, references to LGSs being oriented to perpendicular to a surface/side or an edge mean that the LGSs are oriented so that the center of the light beam emitted from a LGS is generally perpendicular to the surface/side or edge. Generally, perpendicular includes angles that are +/−25% from the literal perpendicular. 
     The light rays generated from the light-generating sources are generally directed into to the surface/side or edge of the lightguide (depending upon to which one that it is directed). For example, light emitted from the light-generating source  212  is directed towards the edge of the lightguide. Thus, it enters the lightguide via the edge of the lightguide. 
     The light from the LGSs typically enters the surface/side or edge of the lightguide at an angle perpendicular to that surface/side or edge. However, light beam emanating from the LGSs spreads out and proceeds at angles other than exactly perpendicular. For example, light-generating source  222  emits light into lightguide  204  at an angle that is not perpendicular to non-diffusive side  208 . Regardless, the direction of the light beam is towards the surface/side or edge to which it is directed/oriented. 
     To create the diffused light, the LGSs emit light into lightguide  204 , the light is reflected in lightguide  204 , and then the light is emitted from lightguide  204  as diffused light. For example, LGS  212  emits light ray  226  into lightguide  204 . Light ray  224  reflects off non-diffusive side  208 , enters diffusive side  206 , and then is emitted as diffused light  228 . 
     Diffusive side  206  of lightguide  204  is imbued with diffusive properties. Diffusive side  206  may, for example, contain etchings that diffuse light that enters diffusive side  206 . Etchings may be any structure or property that would diffuse light passing through diffusive side  206 . 
     Non-diffusive side  208  of lightguide  204  has different properties than diffusive side  206 . For example, non-diffusive side  208  may be reflective. To imbue non-diffusive side  208  with reflective properties, non-diffusive side  208  may be coated with a reflective material. A portion of non-diffusive side may not include the reflective coating. The portion of non-diffusive side may include etchings similar to those described above regarding diffusive side  206 . 
     The portions of lightguide  204  under edge-wrapped substrate  202  may not include diffusive and non-diffusive properties of diffusive side  206  and non-diffusive side  208 . Thus, light emitted from the LGSs may enter the lightguide unaltered. Optionally, the diffusive properties of the portion of diffusive side  206  under edge-wrapped substrate  202  may be retained to create more diffused light in lightguide  204 . Further, the portion of non-diffusive side  206  under edge-wrapped substrate  202  may include diffusive properties to create more diffused light in lightguide  204 . 
     A conventional edge-lit lightguide has several LEDs lined upon along the edges of a lightguide. The LEDs are oriented to direct their light into the edge. With this conventional arrangement, the light from the edge-mounted LEDs enters only along the edge of the lightguide. In fact, to improve the transfer efficiency, it is common to bridge the light path between the edge-mounted LEDs and the edge of the lightguide with lens (e.g., prisms or Fresnel lens). Often these LEDs and light bridges are thicker than the lightguide&#39;s themselves. Thus, the LEDs are often the limiting factor on thinness with a conventional edge-mounted LED arrangement of a backlighting approach. Also, with the conventional approach, the light at the very edge of the lightguide is not yet diffused as it enters the edge of the lightguide. 
     Unlike a conventional edge-lit arrangement, the implementation of the new technology described herein maximizes light-transfer efficiency. The substrate is thin and flexible. It has LEDs are that smaller than the thickness of the lightguide. The substrate is directly attached (e.g., adhered, mounted, pressed, etc.) to the edge of the lightguide and wraps around to portion of each surface. Because of this, the LEDs pressed immediately against the surface/edge of the lightplate. There is no need for lens or any other light bridge. 
     With this new arrangement, light from the various LEDs enter into the lightguide from its edge as well as from at least a portion of one or both surfaces immediately adjacent to the edge. Because of this light at the edge of the lightguide is immediately and quickly diffused. 
     In some implementations, the LGS and circuitry (e.g., conductive traces) are printed onto the thin flexible substrate using pLEDs. In other implantations, the LGS is a tiny LED (e.g., 20-40 microns in diameter) placed and fixed onto the substrate with conductive links connecting them to a potential power source. 
       FIG. 3  is a block diagram illustrating system  300  implementing a keyboard assembly, showing some detail of a deadfront keyboard. For example, system  300  includes deadfront keyboard overlay layer  302 , sensor layer  304 , light layer  306 , and backer layer  308 . Light layer  306  has LGSs  310  and  312 . Anteroom  314  is included in sensor layer  304  and lightroom  316  is included in light layer  306  and sensor layer  304 . LGSs  310  and  312  emit light into anteroom  314 . Light passes from anteroom  314  into lightroom  316 , and then escapes through deadfront keyboard overlay layer  302  to illuminate key pattern  318 . The light that illuminates key pattern  318  is not harsh points of light, but rather a soft, even backlighting. 
     The layers of the deadfront keyboard are positioned one on top of the other. Deadfront keyboard overlay layer  302  is on top. Deadfront keyboard overlay layer  302  includes key patterns, for example key pattern  318  that shows the letter “A”. Key pattern  318  is not visible when system  300  is turned off. Key pattern  318  is typically not depressable. Optionally, system  300  may provide some manner of acknowledgment to a user when a key is pressed, such as a change in illumination of key pattern  318 , for example highlighting key pattern  318 , or a sound. When LGSs  310  and  312  are enabled, key pattern  318  becomes visible. 
     Sensor layer  304  is located under deadfront keyboard layer  302 . Sensor layer  304  includes anteroom  314 . Sensor layer  304  also includes mechanisms to detect that a key, such as key pattern  318 , has been pressed. Such a mechanism may be, for example, resistance or capacitive sensing. 
     Anteroom  314  in sensor layer  304  is positioned above LGSs  310  and  312 . Light-generating sources emit light rays  320  and  322  into anteroom  314 . Anteroom  314  may be composed of air, transparent material, translucent material, or any other material that will enable emitted light rays  320  and  322  to pass through anteroom  314 . Anteroom  314  may be surrounded by reflective material. This reflective material may be similar to material included in non-diffusive side  208 . Emitted light rays  320  and  322  reflect off the sides of anteroom  314 , and exit anteroom  314  into lightroom  316 . 
     Light layer  306  is positioned under sensor layer  304 . Light layer  306  includes LGSs  310  and  312  and lightroom  316 . 
     LGSs  310  and  312  are similar to LGSs  212 ,  218 ,  220 , and  222 . LGSs  310  and  312  are operatively linked to a light driver, and the light driver is configured to drive the LGSs  310  and  312 . For example, the light driver may be a power source and the light driver may be operatively linked to LGSs  310  and  312  via structures similar to conductive traces  214  and  216 . 
     Lightroom  316  is configured to receive emitted light rays  320  and  322  from anteroom  314 . Lightroom  316  may be composed of air, transparent material, translucent material, or any other material that will enable emitted light rays  320  and  322  to pass through lightroom  314 . Lightroom  314  may be surrounded by reflective material. This reflective material may be similar to material included in non-diffusive side  208 . Emitted light rays  310  and  312  reflect off the sides of lightroom  316 , and illuminate key pattern  318  with diffused light  324 . Emitted light rays  320  and  322  exit system  300  through deadfront keyboard overlay layer  302 . Diffused light  324  is not harsh points of light, but rather provides a soft, even backlighting. 
     Backer layer  308  is located under light layer  306 . Backer layer  308  may include reflective material, similar to material included in non-diffusive side  208 . The reflective material of backer layer  308  keeps emitted light rays  320  and  322  in lightroom  316  until emitted light rays  320  and  322  exit lightroom  316  through deadfront keyboard overlay layer  302  and illuminate key pattern  318 . 
       FIG. 4  illustrates a system  400  implementing a backlighting apparatus, showing some detail circuitry with light-generating sources disposed at a diffusive side of a lightguide. For example, circuit  402  has LGS  404  with conductive traces contained within layers  406  and  408 . 
     Similar to the system  200 , LGS  404  is oriented so that LGS  404  emits light into lightguide  410 . As depicted, conductive trace  408  is translucent or transparent to allow light to pass therethrough. The emitted light ray  412  passes through diffusive side  414  of lightguide  410 . The emitted light ray  412  reflects off non-diffusive side  416  of lightguide  410  back into lightguide  410  towards diffusive side  414 . Diffusive side  414  diffuses emitted light ray  412 , resulting in diffused light  418  emitting from lightguide  410 . Diffused light  418  is not harsh points of light, but rather provides a soft, even backlighting for system  400 . 
     Rather than using a single-purpose substrate to print/place the circuit thereon, the lightguide itself acts as the substrate for the circuit. More particularly, the circuits (e.g.,  402 ,  420 , and  422 ) are printed/placed on the diffusive side  414 . As depicted, the LGS  404  may contain a single LGS. Or it may contain a plurality of such sources. 
       FIG. 5  is a block diagram illustrating a system  500  implementing a backlighting apparatus, showing some detail of LGSs configured to emit light into a lightplate, according to an implementation. For example, rather than substrate  402  disposed at diffusive side  502 , a LGS layer  504  including LGSs  506 - 510  and conductive layers  512  and  514  may be included in system  500 . 
     Similar to system  200 , LGS  506  is oriented so that LGS  506  emits light into lightplate  516 . The emitted light ray  518  passes through translucent or transparent conductive trace  514  and lightplate  516 . The emitted light ray  518  reflects off non-diffusive side  520  of system  500  back into lightplate  516  towards diffusive side  502 . Emitted light ray passes through lightplate  516 , conductive traces  512  and  514 , and light-generating source layer  504 . Diffusive side  502  diffuses emitted light ray  518 , resulting in diffused light  522  emitting from system  500 . Diffused light  522  is not harsh points of light, but rather provides a soft, even backlighting for system  500 . 
       FIG. 6  is a block diagram illustrating a system  600  implementing a backlighting apparatus, showing some detail of a circuitry including LGSs disposed opposite a prismatic diffusion layer. For example, lightguide  602  includes a circuitry  604  similar to circuitry  402 . LGS  606  of circuit  604  emits light ray  608  into lightguide  602 . Nano-resolution tools at prismatic diffusion layer  610  of lightguide  602  diffuse emitted light ray  608 , resulting in diffused light  612  emitting from lightguide  602 . Diffused light  612  is not harsh points of light, but rather provides a soft, even backlighting for system  600 . 
     Nano-resolution tools include ultrathin lenses, embossed areas, and other structures that would occur to one of ordinary skill in the art. Nano-resolution tools may diffract, refract, or diffuse emitted light ray  612 . 
     Substrate  604  also has conductive traces  614  and  616 . Conductive traces  614  and  616  are similar to conductive traces  406  and  408 . 
     Rather than using a single-purpose substrate to print/place the circuit thereon, the lightguide itself acts as the substrate for the circuit. More particularly, the circuits (e.g.,  602 ,  618 , and  620 ) are printed/placed on the non-diffusive side. As depicted, the LGS  606  may contain a single LGS or it may contain a plurality of such sources. 
       FIG. 7  is a block diagram illustrating a system  700  implementing a backlighting apparatus, showing some detail of light-generating sources configured to emit light into a lightplate and a prismatic diffusion layer. For example, system  700  includes a LGS layer  702  and conductive trace layers  704  and  706 , similar to light-generating source layer  504  and conductive trace layers  512  and  514 . LGS  708  emits light ray  710  into lightplate  712 . Emitted light ray  710  passes through conductive trace  704 , lightguide  712 , and prismatic diffusion layer  714 . Nano-resolution tools at prismatic diffusion layer  714  of system  700  diffuse emitted light ray  710 , resulting in diffused light  716  emitting from system  700 . Diffused light  716  is not harsh points of light, but rather provides a soft, even backlighting for system  700 . Nano-resolution tools of system  700  are similar to nano-resolution tools of system  600 . 
     The exemplary systems of  FIGS. 2-7  may also be constructed as an article of manufacture. An article of manufacture exhibits similar properties to systems  200 ,  300 ,  400 ,  500 ,  600 , and  700 . 
     Light-Generating Sources 
     As utilized herein, the term “light-generating sources” (LGS) refers to any device that emits electromagnetic radiation within a wavelength regime of interest, for example, visible, infrared or ultraviolet regime, when activated, by applying a potential difference across the device or passing a current through the device. Examples of LGSs include solid-state, organic, polymer, laser diodes or other similar devices as would be readily understood. The emitted radiation of a LGS may be visible, such as red, blue or green, or invisible, such as infrared or ultraviolet. A LGS may produce radiation of a spread of wavelengths. Unless the context states otherwise, a reference to a LGS may include multiple LGSs, each emitting essentially the same or different wavelengths. In some embodiments, a LGS is an unpackaged LED (e.g., LED die). 
     To promote thinness and smallness, many implementations contemplate the use of unpackaged LEDs (e.g., LED dies) instead of packaged LEDs. Further, the individual LGS (e.g., unpacked LED) contemplated have a diameter between 10 to 50 microns and a height between 5 to 20 microns. In some implementations, the light-generating component has a diameter between about 20 to 30 microns and a height between about 5 to 15 microns. In some implementations, the size of the individual LGS (e.g., unpackaged LED) is 25 to 50 microns. 
     An example of a LGS that is contemplated to be used with the technology described herein is described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,415,879, which is titled “Diode for a Printable Composition,” which is incorporated by reference herein. These LEDs are printed, thus they are called pLEDs herein. 
     Each pLED has a diameter between 10 to 50 microns and a height between 5 to 20 microns. In some implementations, the light-generating component has a diameter between about 20 to 30 microns and a height between about 5 to 15 microns. 
     Using the pLEDs, each group of LGSs may contain about two-thousand sources in some implementations. In other implementations, a group may contain as much as five thousand source. 
     Implementations of the technology described herein that use the pLEDs involve a disposition, for example placing the pLEDs through printing or spraying, of pLEDs that are suspended in a liquid or gel, for example ink. Indeed, the disposition of pLEDs may be accomplished on a convention printing press or screen press. 
     The structure created by disposing the pLEDs may also be called a printed “circuit” In some implementations, the printed circuit is a thin stack of layers on a substrate, which is a thin film. That film is 0.1 to 0.15 mm thick or perhaps thinner. In some implementations, the film has a thickness of 0.07 to 0.2 mm. This film of material may be a polyester film or other suitable material. The combined stack is only microns thicker than the film itself. 
     Additional and Alternative Implementation Notes 
     Any suitable type of technology can be utilized to implement conductive traces. Examples of suitable technologies include (by way of example and not limitation): silver, carbon-like material, or any other material for conducting electricity that would occur to one of ordinary skill in the art. The conductive traces may be composed of material that is reflective, opaque, or otherwise not translucent nor transparent. The conductive traces may include conductive nano-fibers. Conductive traces may be created using conventional conductive ink or other similar processes. Conductive inks may be classed as fired high solids systems or PTF polymer thick film systems that allow circuits to be drawn or printed on a variety of substrate materials such as polyester to paper. These types of materials usually contain conductive materials such as powdered or flaked silver and carbon like materials. While conductive inks can be an economical way to lay down a modern conductive traces, traditional industrial standards such as etching of conductive traces may be used on relevant substrates 
     Any suitable type of technology can be utilized to implement the etchings of diffusive side  206 . Examples of suitable technologies include (by way of example and not limitation): a material, such as phosphor, that coats diffusive side  206 , structures in diffusive side  206 , or molds attached to diffusive side  206 . Structures in diffusive side  206  may include ablations, excisions, abscissions, cuts, engravings, imprints, incisions, corrosions, abrasions, dissolutions, erosions, oxidations, or any other structure that would occur to one of ordinary skill in the art. Molds attached to or integral with diffusive side  206  may include protrusions, nodules, bumps, convexities, ridges, bulges, or any other structure that would occur to one of ordinary skill in the art. 
     Any suitable type of technology can be utilized to implement the mechanisms of sensor layer  304 . Examples of suitable technologies include (by way of example and not limitation): resistive, capacitive, or contact switches, or other mechanisms that will occur to those of ordinary skill in the art. Sensor layer  304  may also be composed of a web or membranes of circuitry, or other structures that will occur to those of ordinary skill in the art. 
     Any suitable type of technology can be utilized to implement the nano-resolution tools. Examples of suitable technologies include (by way of example and not limitation): Nano-resolution tools include structures such as linear diffusers, industrex, solite softening diffusers, frosted diffusers, or others that will occur to those of ordinary skill in the art. 
     In the above description of exemplary implementations, for purposes of explanation, specific numbers, materials configurations, and other details are set forth in order to better explain the present invention, as claimed. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the claimed invention may be practiced using different details than the exemplary ones described herein. In other instances, well-known features are omitted or simplified to clarify the description of the exemplary implementations. 
     The inventors intend the described exemplary implementations to be primarily examples. The inventors do not intend these exemplary implementations to limit the scope of the appended claims. Rather, the inventors have contemplated that the claimed invention might also be embodied and implemented in other ways, in conjunction with other present or future technologies. 
     Moreover, the word “exemplary” is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs. Rather, use of the word exemplary is intended to present concepts and techniques in a concrete fashion. The term “techniques,” for instance, may refer to one or more devices, apparatuses, systems, methods, articles of manufacture, and/or computer-readable instructions as indicated by the context described herein. 
     As used in this application, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or.” That is, unless specified otherwise or clear from context, “X employs A or B” is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both A and B, then “X employs A or B” is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances. In addition, the articles “a” and “an” as used in this application and the appended claims should generally be construed to mean “one or more,” unless specified otherwise or clear from context to be directed to a singular form. 
     Other Ways of Describing Implementations 
     Below is a listing of different ways to describe the implementations introduced here: 
     EXAMPLE A 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus comprising:
         a translucent lightguide including a diffusive side and a non-diffusive side, the diffusive side and the non-diffusive side disposed at opposite sides of the lightguide;   a substrate wrapped around an edge of the lightguide and disposed at the lightguide at both the diffusive side and the non-diffusive side, such that the substrate covers a portion of the diffusive side and a portion of the non-diffusive side;   a plurality of light-generating sources of the substrate configured to emit light into the lightguide through the edge and at least one side of the lightguide;   a reflective coating disposed at the non-diffusive side configured to reflect the emitted light from the light-generating sources back into the lightguide towards the diffusive side.       

     An implementation of backlighting apparatus of Example A that further comprising etchings of the diffusive side configured to diffuse the reflected light and emit the diffused light out of the lightguide. 
     An implementation of backlighting apparatus of Example A, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources include light-emitting semiconductors that each have a cross-section with a maximum height between 5 to 20 microns and a diameter between 10 to 50 microns. 
     An implementation of backlighting apparatus of Example A, wherein the light-generating sources include light-emitting diodes. 
     An implementation of backlighting apparatus of Example A, wherein the substrate is flexible and thin, having a thickness of 70 to 200 microns. 
     An implementation of backlighting apparatus of Example A, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources are oriented to cast its light in directions that include perpendicular to the diffusive side, perpendicular to the non-diffusive side, and parallel to the diffusive side and the non-diffusive side. 
     An implementation of backlighting apparatus of Example A, wherein the emitted light enters the lightguide through the diffusive side, the non-diffusive side, and the edge of the lightguide. 
     EXAMPLE B 
     An implementation of a keyboard assembly comprising:
         a deadfront keyboard overlay layer including a key pattern that is configured to be illuminated by a plurality of light-generating sources;   a sensor layer configured to determine selection of a key indicated by the key pattern, the sensor layer being positioned under the overlay layer, the sensor layer having an anteroom defined therein, the anteroom including reflective material;   a light layer that is positioned under the sensor layer, the light layer having one or more light-generating sources configured to emit light into the anteroom of the sensor layer;   the sensor layer and the light layer having a lightroom defined therein and positioned underneath the key pattern, the lightroom including reflective material;   a light driver operatively linked to the one or more of light-generating sources and configured to drive the one or more of light-generating sources.       

     An implementation of keyboard assembly of Example B, wherein when the light driver drives the one or more light-generating sources, the key pattern is illuminated by diffused light that originates from the one or more light-generating sources. 
     An implementation of keyboard assembly of Example B, wherein when the light driver drives the one or more light-generating sources, the one or more light-generating sources emit light into the anteroom, the emitted light reflects off the reflective material of the anteroom into the lightroom, therein the reflected light in lightroom escapes the lightroom via the key pattern of the deadfront keyboard overlay layer. 
     An implementation of keyboard assembly of Example B, wherein the anteroom and the lightroom are composed of material selected from a group consisting of air, transparent material, and translucent material. 
     An implementation of keyboard assembly of Example B, wherein the deadfront keyboard overlay layer includes an alphanumeric keyboard composed of a plurality of key patterns. 
     An implementation of keyboard assembly of Example B, wherein the key pattern is visible in response to the plurality of light-generating sources emitting light. 
     An implementation of keyboard assembly of Example B, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources include light-emitting semiconductors that each have a cross-section with a maximum height between 5 to 20 microns and a diameter between 10 to 50 microns. 
     An implementation of keyboard assembly of Example B 3, wherein the light-generating sources include light-emitting diodes. 
     An implementation of keyboard assembly of Example B, wherein light layer is composed of a flexible and thin surface lighted substrate, having a thickness of 70 to 200 microns. 
     EXAMPLE C 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus comprising:
         a lightplate including a diffusive side and a non-diffusive side, the diffusive side and the non-diffusive side disposed at opposite sides of the lightplate;   a plurality of light-generating sources affixed to at least one side of the lightguide, the light-generating sources being configured to emit light into the lightguide through the side of the lightguide to which it is affixed;   a reflective coating disposed at the non-diffusive side configured to reflect the emitted light from the light-generating sources back into the lightplate towards the diffusive side.       

     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example C, further comprising etchings of the diffusive side configured to diffuse the reflected light and emit the diffused light out of the lightplate. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example C, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources include light-emitting semiconductors that each have a cross-section with a height between 5 to 20 microns and a diameter between 10 to 50 microns. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example C, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources include light-emitting diodes. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example C, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources are oriented to direct its emitted light into the lightguide and in a direction that is perpendicular to the diffusive side. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example C, wherein the emitted light enters the lightguide via the diffusive side. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example C, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources are oriented to direct its emitted light into the lightguide and in a direction that is perpendicular to the non-diffusive side. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example C, wherein the emitted light enters the lightguide via the non-diffusive side. 
     EXAMPLE D 
     An Implementation of a backlighting apparatus comprising:
         a translucent lightguide including a diffusive side and a non-diffusive side, the diffusive side and the non-diffusive side disposed at opposite sides of the lightguide;   a substrate that has a plurality of light-generating sources affixed to at least one side of the lightguide, the light-generating sources being configured to emit light into the lightguide through the side of the lightguide to which it is affixed;   a reflective coating disposed at the non-diffusive side, configured to reflect the emitted light from the light-generating sources back into the lightguide towards the diffusive side.       

     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example D further comprising a etchings placed at a plurality of locations of the diffusive side, configured to diffuse the reflected light and emit the diffused light out of the lightguide. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example D wherein the plurality of light-generating sources include light-emitting semiconductors that each have a cross-section with a height between 5 to 20 microns and a diameter between 10 to 50 microns. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example D, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources include light-emitting diodes. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example D, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources are oriented to direct its emitted light in a direction that is perpendicular to the diffusive side. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example D, wherein the emitted light enters the lightguide via the diffusive side. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example D, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources are oriented to direct its emitted light in a direction that is perpendicular to the non-diffusive side. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example D, wherein the emitted light enters the lightguide via the non-diffusive side. 
     EXAMPLE E 
     An Implementation of a backlighting apparatus comprising:
         a lightguide including a prismatic diffusion layer;   a plurality of light-generating sources configured to emit light into the lightguide;   nano-resolution tools placed at a plurality of locations of the prismatic diffusion layer configured to diffuse the emitted light and pass the emitted light through the prismatic diffusion layer.       

     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example E, wherein the nano-resolution tools are selected from a group consisting of lenses and embossed areas. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example E, wherein the prismatic diffusion layer is configured to perform operations on the emitted light selected from a group consisting of diffraction, refraction, and diffusion. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example E, wherein the prismatic diffusion layer includes structures selected from a group consisting of linear diffusers, industrex, solite softening diffusers, and frosted diffusers. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example E, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources include light-emitting semiconductors that each have a cross-section with a maximum height between 5 to 20 microns and a diameter between 10 to 50 microns. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example E, wherein the light-generating sources include light-emitting diodes. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example E, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources are oriented perpendicular to the prismatic diffusion layer. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example E, wherein the emitted light enters the lightguide via the prismatic diffusion layer. 
     EXAMPLE F 
     An Implementation of a backlighting apparatus comprising:
         a lightguide including a prismatic diffusion layer;   a substrate has a plurality of light-generating sources disposed at a side of the lightguide opposite the prismatic diffusion layer and configured to emit light into the lightguide;   nano-resolution tools placed at a plurality of locations of the prismatic diffusion layer configured to diffuse the emitted light and pass the emitted light through the prismatic diffusion layer.       

     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example F, wherein the nano-resolution tools are selected from a group consisting of lenses and embossed areas. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example F, wherein the prismatic diffusion layer is configured to perform operations on the emitted light selected from a group consisting of diffraction, refraction, and diffusion. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example F, wherein the prismatic diffusion layer includes structures selected from a group consisting of linear diffusers, industrex, solite softening diffusers, and frosted diffusers. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example F, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources include light-emitting semiconductors that each have a cross-section with a maximum height between 5 to 20 microns and a diameter between 10 to 50 microns. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example F, wherein the light-generating sources include light-emitting diodes. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example F, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources are oriented perpendicular to the prismatic diffusion layer. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example F, wherein the emitted light enters the lightguide via the prismatic diffusion layer. 
     EXAMPLE G 
     An Implementation of a backlighting apparatus comprising:
         means for disposing a diffusive side and a non-diffusive side at opposite sides;   means for covering a portion of the diffusive side, a portion of the non-diffusive side, and an edge of the disposing means;   means for emitting light into the lightguide through the edge and at least one of the sides;   means for reflecting the emitted light from the light-generating sources back into the lightguide towards the diffusive side;   means for diffusing the reflected light and emitting the diffused light out of the lightguide.       

     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example G, further comprising means for orienting the emitting means in a direction selected from a group consisting of perpendicular to the diffusive side, perpendicular to the non-diffusive side, and parallel to the diffusive side and the non-diffusive side. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example G, wherein the diffusing means are selected from a group consisting of material that coats the diffusive side, etchings in the diffusive side, and molds of the diffusive side. 
     EXAMPLE H 
     An Implementation of a backlighting apparatus comprising:
         a lightplate including a diffusive side and a non-diffusive side, the diffusive side and the non-diffusive side disposed at opposite sides of the lightplate;   a plurality of light-generating sources located inside the lightplate and between the diffusive and non-diffusive sides, the plurality of light-generating sources being configured to emit light in a direction towards the non-diffusive side;   a reflective coating disposed at the non-diffusive side configured to reflect the emitted light from the light-generating sources back into the lightplate towards the diffusive side.       

     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example H, further comprising etchings of the diffusive side configured to diffuse the reflected light and emit the diffused light out of the lightplate. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example H, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources include light-emitting semiconductors that each have a cross-section with a height between 5 to 20 microns and a diameter between 10 to 50 microns. 
     An implementation of a backlighting apparatus of Example H, wherein the plurality of light-generating sources include light-emitting diodes.