Abstract:
Dashboard files such as dashboard structure files and spreadsheet files are converted into text-based, language-independent data interchange format files (such as JSON files) to allow dashboards to be rendered using varying web technologies such as HTML5 and JavaScript. Related apparatus, systems, techniques and articles are also described.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0001]    The subject matter described herein relates to the visualization of dashboard via various web technologies. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    Dashboards are graphical interfaces that provide insight into data (whether stored locally and/or stored at one or more data sources) through visual representations. Visual components used in dashboards can display data from a variety of sources, including local sources such as an embedded spreadsheet or remote data sources such as databases or RSS feeds. Dashboards can be designed and executed using a variety of software applications including, for example, SAP® BusinessObjects Dashboards which is a Business Intelligence (BI) application from SAP AG of Walldorf, Germany. Various web technologies have been created that are optimized for mobile devices such as tablet computers. However, certain dashboards are not compatible or fully compatible with such web technologies. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0003]    In one aspect, a dashboard container file is received that includes a spreadsheet file and a dashboard structure file. Thereafter, each of the spreadsheet file and the dashboard structure file are converted into a text-based, language-independent data interchange format. Data characterizing a dashboard can then be provided using the converted spreadsheet and dashboard files. 
         [0004]    Providing data can include one or more of: displaying the data, transmitting the data, loading the data, and storing the data. For example, the dashboard can be rendered using the converted spreadsheet and dashboard structure files. 
         [0005]    The text-based, language-independent data interchange format can be JAVASCRIPT Object Notation (JSON) format. The dashboard structure file can be converted by parsing the dashboard structure file to result in a dashboard document object model (DOM) characterizing contents of the dashboard structure file. This dashboard DOM can be traversed to convert the dashboard structure file into JSON format. The dashboard DOM can be traversed in a depth-first traversal. 
         [0006]    The parsing can advances through the dashboard structure file until it encounters one of a plurality of specified events. The specified events can include components such that component properties are parsed into key-value pairs, sub-components are recursively parsed, and dependencies on data sources are parsed. The specified events can include data sources such that data source properties are parsed into key-value pairs and dependencies between data sources and cells are parsed. The specified events can include dashboard style-related attributes. 
         [0007]    The spreadsheet file and the dashboard structure file can be extracted from the dashboard container file. 
         [0008]    Converting the spreadsheet file can include iterating over rows and cells specified by the spreadsheet file to generate a spreadsheet document object model (DOM). This spread DOM can be outputted as a JSON format file. 
         [0009]    At least one cell within the spreadsheet can be identified that includes at least one formula. The at least one formula can be parsed into a pre-defined notation format (which can facilitate subsequent processing in some variations). 
         [0010]    In an interrelated aspect, a dashboard structure file is received that includes metadata for a dashboard and is used in combination with a spreadsheet file to render the dashboard. The dashboard structure file is then parsed to result in a document object model (DOM) characterizing contents of the dashboard structure file. The dashboard structure file can then be converted into a text-based, language-independent data interchange format file by traversing the DOM. Data characterizing the converted dashboard structure file is then provided. 
         [0011]    In a further interrelated aspect, a spreadsheet file is received. The rows and cells of the spreadsheet file are iterated over to generate a spreadsheet document object model (DOM). The spreadsheet DOM is then output as a text-based, language-independent data interchange format file. Data characterizing the outputted file is then provided. 
         [0012]    Computer program products are also described that comprise non-transitory computer readable media storing instructions, which when executed by at least one data processor of one or more computing systems, causes the at least one data processor to perform operations herein. Similarly, computer systems are also described that may include one or more data processors and a memory coupled to the one or more data processors. The memory may temporarily or permanently store instructions that cause at least one processor to perform one or more of the operations described herein. In addition, methods can be implemented by one or more data processors either within a single computing system or distributed among two or more computing systems. 
         [0013]    The subject matter described herein provides many advantages. For example, the current subject matter enables a web-based viewing solution to render documents such as dashboard documents using only HTML5, JavaScript and standard web technologies. In particular, dashboard documents can be converted to a JavaScript-friendly format which is then rendered in any modern browser and device, including iOS devices. Such dashboard documents are complementary to those dashboard documents that are exported in other formats such as Flash (SWF). In addition, the current subject matter is advantageous in that it can be used to provide a dashboard JavaScript viewer that obviates the need for an intermediate publishing step by converting the dashboard to its JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) representation from an XLF file directly. 
         [0014]    The details of one or more variations of the subject matter described herein are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features and advantages of the subject matter described herein will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims. 
     
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         [0015]      FIG. 1  is a screenshot illustrating a sample dashboard in a dashboard designer application; 
           [0016]      FIG. 2  is a diagram illustrating a client/server architecture; 
           [0017]      FIG. 3  is a process flow diagram illustrating conversion of an XLF format file into JSON; 
           [0018]      FIG. 4  is a screenshot illustrating the dashboard of  FIG. 1  with data originating from local and remote data sources; 
           [0019]      FIG. 5  is a screenshot of a spreadsheet illustrating cell dependency management; 
           [0020]      FIG. 6  is a screenshot of a spreadsheet illustrating a first cell with a formula referencing a second cell to another cell using a formula; 
           [0021]      FIG. 7  is a diagram illustrating recursive evaluation of the formula in the first cell of  FIG. 6 ; 
           [0022]      FIG. 8  is a diagram illustrating an interface with a graphical user interface prompt element; 
           [0023]      FIG. 9  is a process flow diagram for visualizing dashboards using web technologies; 
           [0024]      FIG. 10  is a process flow diagram for converting dashboard structure files; and 
           [0025]      FIG. 11  is a process flow diagram for converting spreadsheet files. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0026]      FIG. 1  is a screenshot  100  that shows a sample dashboard in a dashboard designer application that includes a palette  140  of chart types and components that can be dragged and dropped onto a work surface  105 . The visual component  110  titled ‘Local Pie Chart’ is displaying data from a local source while the visual component titled  120  ‘Remote Bar Chart’ is displaying data from a remote data source. In addition, the dashboard can include a spreadsheet section  130 . The spreadsheet section  130  can include relevant data and/or define calculations that forms which relevant data that forms part of the visualization. This dashboard can be published into one or more formats. For example it is rendered in a web browser. 
         [0027]    The diagram  200  of  FIG. 2  illustrates a three-tier architecture with a client  210  and a server  220  coupled to a back-end business intelligence (BI) suite  230 ) that communicate over HTTP. With this arrangement, the client  210  can be a web browser, while the server  220  can be a Java web application bundle deployed on a web server such as Apache Tomcat or Jetty. The server  220  can: (i) parse and convert a dashboard container file to JavaScript Object Notation (JSON), if not in this format already, (ii) determine prompts required to be answered for a data source, and/or (iii) retrieve data from remote data sources at the behest of the client  210 . 
         [0028]    The client  210  can (i) display the visual components in the document, after populating them with data, (ii) request data from remote data sources from the server  220  and/or obtain local data, (iii) evaluate formulae, if any, in the local data and populating a visual component with the final result, and/or (iv) display prompts in the dashboard, if any, to filter on available data from a remote data source. It will be appreciated that some or all of the functionality of the server  220  can be executed on the client  210  and/or as part of an integrated BI suite  230 . For example, various conversions or transformations can be performed locally at a client  210  or within the BI suite  230 . By performing the conversions or transformations there this can reduce the need for an add-on application, middleware, etc. 
         [0029]    The current subject matter is applicable to various types of dashboard features and components. For example, the current subject matter is applicable to data retrieved from a semantic layer overlying a data source, for example, SAP&#39;s Dimensional Semantic Layer (DSL) and spreadsheet data consumption, on-the-fly Excel formula evaluation and various widgets such as visualizations: charts (e.g., pie, line, bar), tables, maps; content holders: tabs, sheets; interactivity elements: controls (e.g., sliders, dials, prompts); and support for DSL prompting. Prompting is where a user is asked for input that parameterizes a query or how a result set is formatted. 
         [0030]    A dashboard container file is used that can contain one or more metadata files and one or more spreadsheet files. Examples include files using the extension .XLF which is the extension used for SAP Dashboards dashboards. With this particular example, the container file is an XLF file comprising an XLS spreadsheet and an XML document, compressed into a single file. For example, together in ZIP file format. XML in this regard refers to Extensible Markup Language (XML), a standardized data format notation, as defined by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). In some variations, the XML format stores metadata about the dashboard in a dashboard structure file. This metadata includes information such as: dashboard components, component properties, component association with cells in an associated spreadsheet, data sources, dashboard layouts, dashboard behavior, etc. Components can be organized into categories like functionality: input components, output components, layout components. It will be appreciated that the current subject matter can apply, in addition to XLF files, to a wide variety of container files including bundles having multiple spreadsheet files (and are collectively referred to as container files unless otherwise specified). 
         [0031]    JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) is a lightweight, text-based, language-independent data interchange format. It was derived from JavaScript a programming language that implements the ECMAScript Programming Language Standard. JSON defines a small set of formatting rules for the portable representation of structured data. While the disclosure is mainly directed to the use of JSON, it will be appreciated that the current subject matter can use other data interchange formats having similar properties. 
         [0032]    JSON is widely used for JavaScript-based web applications because it is a native JavaScript data format. One obvious benefit of this is that web applications can avoid the overhead of converting to and from other data formats. This leads to leaner processing times and a smaller memory footprint for the application. To exploit the benefits of JSON listed above, the metadata in the XML document can be converted into another format such as JSON. This is a one-time conversion that occurs when the dashboard is opened for viewing. After the metadata is converted into JSON, the web application uses the JSON representation of the document&#39;s metadata for all subsequent work. 
         [0033]    With further reference to the diagram  200  of  FIG. 2 , the client  210  sends a request to the web server  220  via a DSL query to render a dashboard. This request can be in various formats and handled via various protocols including JSON/REpresentational State Transfer (REST), and XML/Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). The web server  220 , in response to the request, executes one or more remote data source queries of the BI suite  230 . The BI Suite  230  then delivers a container file (e.g., an XLF format file) responsive the remote data source queries to the web server  220 . The web server  220  can, as will be further described below, convert/parse the XLF file to JSON. This can be offered as a web service. In addition, a software development kit (SDK) can be implemented on a dashboards server (which may be integral to the web server  220  or coupled thereto) to further the conversion to JSON. The web server  220  can transmit data to the client  210  comprising the JSON representation of the dashboard via REST protocol. The client  210  can then render the dashboard using, for example, a browser executing HTML/JavaScript, SVG, a JavaScript library to display given digital data into dynamic graphics, and/or using visualization tools, such as, Google Visualization, and Data-Driven Documents (D3). 
         [0034]      FIG. 3  is a diagram  300  illustrating various stages involved in converting a container file  305  comprising an XML document  315  and an XLS document  335  to a JSON file  360 . 
         [0035]    A method to convert the XML document in the XLF file to a temporary DOM and from there into JSON is described in pseudo-code below:
       1. Open, using an XLF extractor  310 , the XLF document using a ZipinputStream;   2. Create a XMLStreamReader (Java SDK StAX implementation) from the XML portion of the XLF (to result in the XML document  315 );   3. An XMLStreamReader parser  320  is advanced until it encounters one of a plurality of specified events, such as:
           a. Component
               i. Component properties are parsed into key-value pairs   ii. Sub-components are recursively parsed   iii. Dependencies on data sources are parsed   
               b. Data Source
               i. Data source properties are parsed into key-value pairs   ii. Dependencies between data sources and cells are parsed   
               c. Other style-related attributes.   
           4. The result of the parsing is a simple dashboards DOM ( 320 ) storing the information collected;   5. The dashboards DOM is then traversed ( 325 ) in a depth-first traversal through the components and data sources. The JSON.org Java classes are used to output the resulting JSON format ( 360 ).       
 
         [0049]    The spreadsheet file  335  (e.g., XLS document) is the second file inside the container file  305  (e.g., zipped dashboards document (XLF)). The spreadsheet file  335  can be, for example, a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. The spreadsheet file  335  comprises components such as sheets, rows and cells. This spreadsheet file  335  can be used in the dashboards document in a few different ways:
       1. Cells in the spreadsheet can contain formulae and data;   2. Cells in the spreadsheet can be used as depositories for data retrieved from at least one remote data source;   3. Cells in the spreadsheet can be used as data sources for visual components in the dashboard; or   4. Cells in the spreadsheet for storing input from users including prompt values.       
 
         [0054]    The web application can receive the metadata about the document in JSON format (as part of the above-described XML to JSON conversion process). To maintain consistency with this approach, the data in the spreadsheet file  335  (e.g. XLS document) can also be converted into JSON and passed into the web application. 
         [0055]    Converting a spreadsheet file  335  into the JSON format required by the web application can be done using an Apache POI library  340 , a Java-based Excel parsing and converting library. Once the spreadsheet file  335  is loaded by the Apache POI Library  340 , it can parse the contents and convert it into a first intermediate state, an Apache POI Object  345 . The parser can use a straightforward mechanism to pass over the spreadsheet, rows and cells that make up the document to generate the object  345 . The first intermediate state, the Apache POI Object  345  can be converted into JSON by one of two processes: the operation of a Converter for Data in Apache POI Object to JSON  350 , and a Converter for Formulae in Apache POI Object to JSON  355 . The data can be converted without use of further intermediate states into JSON format. The formulae can be handled by the Converter for Formulae in Apache POI Object to JSON  355  that iterates over the spreadsheet, rows and cells that make up the document and makes use of a further intermediate state. On encountering formulae, the Converter for Formulae in Apache POI Object to JSON  355  can extract the formulae. The Apache POI library&#39;s native formula representation is a postfix notation, which is advantageous for programmatic stack-based evaluation. The postfix representation of the formulae is a second intermediate state for converting to JSON. The Converter for Formulae in Apache POI Object to JSON  355  can produce the postfix representation and then convert it to JSON  360 . This postfix notation becomes the JSON representation of that formula, for that particular cell. 
         [0056]    Various types of XML parsers can be used, including, for example, document object model (DOM) parsers, pull parsers, and push parsers. DOM-based parsing reads the entire XML document into memory and builds a tree-based data structure, from which data can then be retrieved on demand. This increases the memory footprint of the application and can result in longer latencies, since the entire document has to be read and loaded into main memory all at once. Pull parsing gives the calling application more control over the document that&#39;s being parsed, by letting the calling application control the parser. Push parsing is the converse of pull parsing where the parser controls parsing events and the calling application has to respond to events from the parser. 
         [0057]    In some implementations, a pull parser can be utilized because it provides a smaller memory footprint and lower response times, as well as letting the calling application retain control of the parsing process. For example, a StAX parser such as that included in Oracle&#39;s Java 1.6 Software Development Kit (SDK) can be used. Using the parser, a lightweight DOM, representing the dashboard, can be built in memory, based on the metadata from the dashboard file. 
         [0058]    The metadata converted from XML into JSON can include:
       1. Components, e.g., graphs, bar charts;   2. Data sources, e.g., a list of cells in the spreadsheet or a connection to a database;   3. Properties, e.g., attributes of charts such as line colours or font sizes; and   4. Data bindings, e.g., how data connections are bound to visual components such as charts.       
 
         [0063]    The DOM, representing the dashboard, built in main memory is much smaller than the XML DOM that would have been built with a DOM-based XML parser because it excluded properties that were not required. Once the custom DOM, representing the dashboard, is completely built in memory, it is transformed to JSON and returned to the web browser. For example, this is done when the web browser makes a request for it (which request can include an ID corresponding to the DOM). The actual transformation of the DOM into a JSON string can be achieved by a depth-first recursive traversal of the tree. 
         [0064]    Once the web application requests and receives the JSON payload representing the dashboards document, it is up to the client-side JavaScript (which may be part, for example, of a browser, etc.) on the client  210  to display the visual components.  FIG. 4  is a screenshot  400  that shows the two types of data sources that can be used to populate a visual component in a chart. Cells B1 through C4 show data stored in the spreadsheet. While cells G2 through H6 show the results of query (not shown) to a remote data source. When a dashboard document is received by the client  210  in JSON format, the information about the data sources can be preserved and available in the JSON object. On loading the JSON object from the server, the client  210  identifies the visual components present in the dashboard document. Each component is then rendered, but only after the data that populates the component is available from a data source, remote or local. 
         [0065]    With further reference to  FIG. 4 , Remote Bar Chart  120  renders the results of the remote data source that it depends on, while Local Pie Chart  110  shows the data obtained from the local data source, i.e., the spreadsheet document that was present in the container file (e.g., an XLF file, etc.). When the remote data source has finished retrieving its data, it notifies the components listening to it, such as, a visual component that the data is available and the visual component renders itself, using the supplied data. This form of notification is an example of events and event listening, where an entity can register as a listener for any type of event on a different entity. 
         [0066]    When the client  210  receives the JSON representation of the dashboards document from the web server  220 , the document can be analyzed to determine the components, data sources and their dependencies between each other in the dashboard. When a component depends on a data source it can register a listener to be notified whenever the data source fetches new data. A data source (X) can also register a listener on another data source (Y) if X depends on the result of Y. 
         [0067]    If a component depends on a data source in order to render then the act of rendering that component can occur in multiple asynchronous steps. First, the component can notify the data source that data is required. The component can then continue the flow of execution (without blocking/waiting for the data source) knowing that once the data source has fetched data the component&#39;s listener will be notified of the new data. The data source can then schedule a fetch of the data (the exact mechanics of this depends on the data source). When the data source finishes fetching the data, all listeners, including any components who notified the data source, can be notified. At this point the original component, and any other that notified the data source, can perform the rendering. 
         [0068]    By asynchronously triggering the data fetch, fetching the data and notifying data source listeners the data sources need not perform the act of fetching data until required. This asynchronous technique can also allow data source fetching to be done in batches by potentially combining multiple fetches of the data into one. For example, if multiple components attempt to render within a short window of time, the data source may only fetch the data once and then notify all dependent components of the data change. 
         [0069]    A method for setting up an event infrastructure can be as follows:
       1. The client  210  receives the JSON representation of the dashboard document from the web server  220 ;   2. The JSON representation is used to construct a model representing the components and data sources;   3. Components are recursively created because a component can contain multiple sub-components;   4. Dependencies between components and data sources are discovered and appropriate event listeners are registered.       
 
         [0074]    Spreadsheets can also contain inter-cell dependencies, when a formula depends on the value of another cell. An example of this can be seen in the diagram  500  of  FIG. 5 . In B5, Formula A depends on cells B2, B3 and B4. When the value in B3 is changed to ‘2’ from ‘5’, then Formula A is notified of this change and cell B5 is updated. This type of notification and update management is native to some spreadsheet applications such as Microsoft Excel, but needs to be carefully simulated in JavaScript, so that the web application may take advantage of this type of event propagation. 
         [0075]    Notification and update management can be achieved by iterating over the JSON representation of the spreadsheet file, and finding all dependencies between all formulae. As seen in  FIG. 5 , if Formula A depends on cells B2, B3 and B4, Formula A registers a listener on B2, B3 and B4. If either B2, B3 or B4 are updated, then the event listener registered by Formula A is notified. Formula A treats this notification as a change to itself and can further notify all listeners that have registered with Formula A. In this way, a change in a cell can be propagated through a chain of listeners without actually evaluating the formula itself. This approach can be advantageous in that that formulae are lazily executed, which leads to a reduction in the memory footprint of the application. 
         [0076]    A method to set up cell dependencies can be as follows:
       1. The client  210  receives the spreadsheet file as JSON from the web server  220     2. For each sheet, row and cell,
           a. If the cell contains formula F1
               i. If formula F1 contains a reference to another cell, C1
                   1. An event listener is registered on C1 which propagates the event to the listeners of F1   
                   
               
               
 
         [0082]    One type of data source is the spreadsheet file which was converted to JSON at the web server  220  and sent to the client  210 . Spreadsheet cells can contain not only raw data, but also formulae, which might contain references to other cells or mathematical functions. If a visual component relies on cells that contain formulae, these formulae have to be evaluated in order to display that component. As the formula is a JSON object, like the rest of the document, there is very little overhead in evaluating the formula in JavaScript. Postfix notation lends itself to straightforward evaluation on a stack-based evaluator, as seen below. 
         [0083]    With reference to the diagram  600  of  FIG. 6 , a formula (C5) contains a reference to B5 (also a formula). When a cell contains a reference to another cell in its formula, the formula can be evaluated using recursion. One example recursion technique is illustrated in the diagram  700  of  FIG. 7 ; when formula C5 is evaluated, B5 is recursively evaluated. In this manner, a formula that was originally contained in an Excel spreadsheet can be received and evaluated using JavaScript in a client-side application. 
         [0084]    A method for evaluating a spreadsheet formula in its JSON representation can be as follows:
       1. Create a result stack   2. For each token of the formula in postfix notation
           a. If the token is a value (that is, literal or constant), push it onto the result stack   b. If the token is a function
               i. Pop the necessary function arguments off the result stack   ii. Evaluate the function   iii. Push the result of the function onto the result stack   
               c. If the token is a cell reference
               i. Fetch the value of the referenced cell(s), potentially in a recursive fashion if that cell is also a formula   
               
               
 
         [0094]    Dashboards can include functionality including prompts and answering prompts to provide input, customizations, drill downs, etc. to the dashboard. Such prompts are normally answered by asking the user to input a value. An example of a prompt in a dashboard would be filtering values by a certain time period, such as, a year or a quarter. If a dashboard is designed to display sales for a certain quarter based on the answer to a prompt, then when the user selects ‘1’ as the quarter, the dashboard displays sales for the first quarter. 
         [0095]    On top of interactive prompting in dashboards, prompts can be answered using values from certain cells. In the example above, if the dashboard was set up to use the value in a cell, e.g. C3, as the answer to the ‘Quarter’ prompt, then it would show all sales values for the first quarter, just as if it had been specified in an interactive text field. 
         [0096]    Cell values can also be designated as the output depositories of interactive components such as sliders. For example, in the diagram  800  of  FIG. 8 , the value for a slider graphical user interface element  810  for a pie chart  820  can be changed from 1 to 4, and when the slider is moved, cell C3 is updated with the slider&#39;s current value. If cell C3 is designated as both the input source for a prompt and the output depository for an interactive component, then the answer to a prompt can be supplied from the cell value and updated as the value in the cell is updated. 
         [0097]    The process of propagating the events that are fired when the cell is updated due to a change in the visual component, all the way to the redrawing of the dashboard, is described below. In the example of  FIG. 8 , the slider  810  writes its updated value to cell C3. The updated cell then broadcasts to its listeners that it has been updated. A subsequent query directly or indirectly consumes the content of a cell and launches a query using the output as is or modified as a prompt. The query results are populated in the designated result area. The listeners to this area are alerted on update. The listeners can include a chart. 
         [0098]    Prompting can be implemented in JavaScript as follows:
       1. On document setup
           a. For any prompts answered by a cell, register a listener on that cell which reruns the prompt&#39;s query;   
           2. On query execution, fetch the prompts that need a value in order to run this query (this may be a remote call to a server). When the prompts are known, an asynchronous callback executes Step 3.   3. Once the prompts are known, each must be answered
           a. If a prompt is bound to a cell, fetch the cell value and proceed to Step 4. Note that this cell value is fluid and is subject to change by, for example, the output of other components such as sliders.   b. Otherwise display a visual user input component. When the user submits input, an asynchronous callback executes Step 4   
           4. If not all prompts have been answered, repeat Step 3.   5. Execute the query (this may be a remote call to a server) using all the prompt answers from Steps 3-4.       
 
         [0107]    Additionally, dashboards can consist of a mixture of local and remote data sources. Documents that contain remote data sources usually refer to other objects deployed with the BI suite  230 , and thus require a working installation of the BI suite  230  in order to retrieve data. However, visual components that rely on local data sources, such as the cells in the spreadsheet document do not need a working BI suite  230  install in order to display correctly. 
         [0108]    With the current subject matter, a JavaScript dashboards viewer can be provided that allows a user to upload (via client  210 ) a dashboard to the server-side service (via server  220 ) and view the visual components that rely on local data sources, in the absence of a BI suite  230  install. This arrangement can be achieved by identifying the local data sources and the components that depend on them during conversion of a dashboard container file (e.g., XLF file) to JSON, without maintaining a copy of the file on the server. When the browser on the client  210  receives the JSON representation of the document and renders the visual components, the data from the local data sources exists in the JSON representation and can be retrieved immediately, without any remote calls to the server  220 . If the document has remote data sources, then data retrieval from those data sources can fail in the absence of a BI suite  230  install. 
         [0109]    Thus, a dashboard which would previously be viewed after publication and usually in a ‘managed’ environment can now be viewable in an ‘unmanaged’ state, due to:
       1. Independence from the BI suite  230 , which was used to host the published artifact, in the shown example, the SWF file (representation of the dashboard);   2. Independence from the need to publish any sort of intermediate artifact at all, allowing users to view the dashboard from the raw XLF file itself.       
 
         [0112]    The following are a sequence of steps that can be performed each time a managed document with mixed local and remote sources is viewed using the server-side service:
       1. The client  210  uploads an XLF file to the server  220  using HTTP;   2. The server  220  parses the file and returns JSON to the client  210 ;   3. The client  210  displays the visual components that depend on local data sources; and   4. Visual components that depend on managed remote data sources are not displayed, due to the lack of a managed environment.       
 
         [0117]      FIG. 9  is a process flow diagram  900  in which, at  910 , a dashboard container file is received that includes a spreadsheet file and a dashboard structure file. Thereafter, at  920 , each of the spreadsheet file and the dashboard structure file are converted into a text-based, language-independent data interchange format (e.g., JSON format) dashboard file. Data is then provided (e.g., displayed, loaded, transmitted, stored), at  930 , that characterizes a dashboard using the converted dashboard file. 
         [0118]      FIG. 10  is a process flow diagram  1000  in which, at  1010 , a dashboard structure file is received that includes metadata for a dashboard and is used in combination with a spreadsheet file to render the dashboard. Subsequently, at  1020 , the dashboard structure file is parsed to result in a document object model (DOM) characterizing contents of the dashboard structure file. The dashboard structure file is converted, at  1030 , into a text-based, language-independent data interchange format file by traversing the DOM. Data can then be provided, at  1040 , that characterizes the converted dashboard structure file. 
         [0119]      FIG. 11  is a process flow diagram  1100  in which, at  1110 , a spreadsheet file is received. Thereafter, at  1120 , the rows and cells specified by the spreadsheet file are iterated over to generate a spreadsheet document object model (DOM). The spreadsheet DOM is then, at  1130 , output as a text-based, language-independent data interchange format file. Data characterizing the outputted file can, at  1140 , later be provided. 
         [0120]    Various implementations/aspects of the subject matter described herein may be realized in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry, specially designed ASICs (application specific integrated circuits), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various implementations may include implementation in one or more computer programs that are executable and/or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be special or general purpose, coupled to receive data and instructions from, and to transmit data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device. 
         [0121]    These computer programs (also known as programs, software, software applications or code) include machine instructions for a programmable processor, and may be implemented in a high-level procedural and/or object-oriented programming language, and/or in assembly/machine language. As used herein, the term “machine-readable medium” refers to any computer program product, apparatus and/or device (e.g., magnetic discs, optical disks, memory, Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs)) used to provide machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor, including a machine-readable medium that receives machine instructions as a machine-readable signal. The term “machine-readable signal” refers to any signal used to provide machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor. 
         [0122]    To provide for interaction with a user, the subject matter described herein may be implemented on a computer having a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user may provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices may be used to provide for interaction with a user as well; for example, feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input. 
         [0123]    The subject matter described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes a back-end component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front-end component (e.g., a client computer having a graphical user interface or a Web browser through which a user may interact with an implementation of the subject matter described herein), or any combination of such back-end, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include a local area network (“LAN”), a wide area network (“WAN”), and the Internet. 
         [0124]    The computing system may include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. 
         [0125]    Although a few variations have been described in detail above, other modifications are possible. For example, the logic flow depicted in the accompanying figures and described herein do not require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In addition, it will be appreciated that the current subject matter is applicable to different formats other than those specified herein. Furthermore, it will be appreciated that the various conversion techniques of spreadsheet files and XML files can be used independently from the particular applications described herein. Other embodiments may be within the scope of the following claims.