Abstract:
An imaging lens comprises, in order from an object side: a first lens having a negative refractive power with a concave surface on an image side thereof; a second lens with at least one aspherical surface; an aperture stop; and a third lens having a positive refractive power with at least one aspherical surface, wherein the first lens is formed of an optical glass whose Abbe number is 40 or more, the second lens is formed of a plastic whose Abbe number is 40 or less, and the third lens is formed of a plastic whose Abbe number is 50 or more, and wherein assuming that a point, where a light ray which constitutes an outermost light ray in light rays which enter an image plane intersects a lens surface, constitutes an effective aperture terminating edge, the second lens is such that an intersection point between an object side surface and an optical axis lies closer to an image forming side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the object side surface does.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The present invention relates to an imaging lens for forming an optical image on a solid state image sensing device which is suitable for use for an onboard camera, a monitor camera, a mobile terminal camera and the like and a camera system which utilizes the imaging lens. 
         [0003]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0004]    Onboard cameras are known which pick up images of surroundings of a motor vehicle on which the cameras are installed to show the driver conditions surrounding the vehicle via images on a monitor screen (for example, refer to JP-A-2006-168683). These onboard cameras include, for example, an outside camera which is provided on an outside of the vehicle for assisting the driver to drive the vehicle by picking up images of surroundings which lie within a blind range to the driver and an inside camera which is designed to pick up images of conditions resulting when the vehicle is involved in a traffic accident in the same way as viewed by the driver. In recent years, in association with an increase in performance and a decrease in price of solid state image sensing devices, it is becoming a general trend to equip onboard cameras even on ordinary vehicles. 
         [0005]    In the related art, imaging lenses like those described in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 3206930, JP-A-10-170821, JP-A-2001-337268 and JP-A-2005-321742 are known as small wide-angle lenses for use for onboard cameras, monitor cameras, mobile terminal cameras and the like. Imaging lenses described in Japanese Patent No. 3206930 and JP-A-10-170821 are such as to include, in order from an object side, a planoconcave lens and two positive lenses so as to allow a good telecentric characteristic to be compatible with compactness. In addition, imaging lenses described in JP-A-2001-337268 and JP-A-2005-321742 are such as to be made up of three lenses, of which a first lens lying nearest to objects is made up of an aspherical plastic lens. 
         [0006]    With the imaging lens described in Japanese Patent No. 3206930, there is provided a drawback that the production costs are increased due to the use of a material having a high refractive index. With the imaging lens described in JP-A-10-170821, there is provided a drawback that the f number is f/3.4, which is dark. The imaging lenses described in JP-A-2001-337268 and JP-A-2005-321742 are both a wide-angle lens made up of three lenses, and the plastic lens is used as the first lens which lies nearest to objects. Therefore, there is provided a drawback when used as an outside onboard camera that the plastic lens provides poor weathering resistance and hence, the performance thereof is easy to be deteriorated. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0007]    The invention has been made in view of the problems inherent in the related art, and an object thereof is to provide an imaging lens which can maintain a good optical performance and which is small in size, light in weight and low in cost and a camera which includes the imaging lens. 
         [0008]    With a view to attaining the object, according to the invention, there is provided an imaging lens comprising, in order from an object side: a first lens having a negative refractive power with a concave surface on an image side thereof; a second lens with at least one aspherical surface; an aperture stop; and a third lens having a positive refractive power with at least one aspherical surface, wherein the first lens is formed of an optical glass whose Abbe number is 40 or more, the second lens is formed of a plastic whose Abbe number is 40 or less, and the third lens is formed of a plastic whose Abbe number is 50 or more, and wherein assuming that a point, where a light ray which constitutes an outermost light ray in light rays which enter an image plane intersects a lens surface, constitutes an effective aperture terminating edge, the second lens is such that an intersection point between an object side surface and an optical axis lies closer to an image forming side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the object side surface does. 
         [0009]    In particular, in the event that the imaging lens is used under a severe environment such as one in which the lens is used on an onboard camera, as a material for the first lens, a material is preferably used which has superior resistance to acids and water, and specifically, on water resistance [RW (p)] and acid resistance [(RA(p)] standards provided by GLASS MANUFACTURERS&#39; ASSOCIATION OF JAPAN, a material is preferable which has a resistance to acids classified as first to fourth grades and a resistance to water classified as first to third grades both based on the powder method. A material is further preferable which has a resistance to acids and a resistance to water both classified as the third grade or higher based on the powder method. 
         [0010]    In addition, the second lens is such that an intersection point between an image side surface and the optical axis thereof lies closer to the image forming side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface does. 
         [0011]    Additionally, the second lens is a meniscus lens having a concave surface on an object side thereof. 
         [0012]    In addition, letting a distance from an apex on an object side surface of the first lens to the image plane be L and a focal length of the first lens be f 1 , the following conditional expression is satisfied: 
         [0000]      0.5&lt;| L/f 1|&lt;7   (1) 
         [0013]    When an upper limit of the conditional expression (1) is surpassed, the overall length of the lens becomes long, and the miniaturization of the lens cannot be attained. On the contrary, when a lower limit is surpassed, the power of the first lens gets weak, and it becomes difficult to pick up images at wide angles. In addition, in order to reduce the overall length of the lens further, the following conditional expression is preferably satisfied: 
         [0000]      0.5&lt;| L/f 1&lt;4 
         [0014]    In addition, letting focal lengths of the second lens and the third lens be f 2 , f 3 , respectively, the following conditional expression is satisfied: 
         [0000]      0.2 &lt;|f 2/ f 3|&lt;10   (2) 
         [0015]    When an upper limit of the conditional expression (2) is surpassed, the field curvature is increased, and a good image cannot be obtained. On the contrary, when a lower limit is surpassed, the back focus becomes shorter, and the position of the entrance pupil gets nearer to the image plane, whereby the telecentric characteristic is reduced, which increases the incident angle of a light ray in a diagonal direction of the solid state image sensing device, a reduction in quantity of peripheral light or the like being thereby called for. In order to correct the field curvature properly, the following expression is preferably satisfied: 
         [0000]      0.5 &lt;|f 2/ f 3|&lt;5 
         [0016]    In addition, letting the focal length of the first lens be f 1  and a composite focal length of the second lens and the third lens be f 23 , the following conditional expression is satisfied: 
         [0000]      0.2&lt;| f 1/ f 23|&lt;6   (3) 
         [0017]    When an upper limit of the conditional expression (3) is surpassed, picking up images at wide angles becomes difficult, and as the same time, the field curvature is increased, making it difficult to obtain a good image. On the contrary, when a lower limit is surpassed, although images can be picked up at wide angles, the coma aberration is increased, and it becomes difficult to obtain a good image on a peripheral portion of the image plane. In addition, in order to correct properly the field curvature and the coma aberration, the following conditional expression is desirably satisfied: 
         [0000]      0.2&lt;| f/f 23|&lt;5.5 
         [0018]    Additionally, letting a focal length of the imaging lens be f, the following expression is satisfied: 
         [0000]      0&lt; L/f&lt; 15   (4) 
         [0019]    When an upper limit of the conditional expression (4) is surpassed, the overall length of the lens becomes long, and it becomes difficult to miniaturize the lens. In addition, in order to increase further the miniaturization of the lens and the image pick-up at wide angles, the following conditional expression is desirably satisfied: 
         [0000]      4 &lt;L/f&lt; 8 
         [0020]    A camera system of the invention comprises: the imaging lens configured as has been described heretofore; and a solid state image sensing device that converts an optical image formed by the imaging lens into an electric signal. 
     
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
         [0021]      FIG. 1  is a diagram showing an optical path of a first embodiment; 
           [0022]      FIG. 2  is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of the first embodiment; 
           [0023]      FIG. 3  is an aberration diagrams of the first embodiment; 
           [0024]      FIG. 4  is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of a second embodiment; 
           [0025]      FIG. 5  is an aberration diagrams of the second embodiment; 
           [0026]      FIG. 6  is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of a third embodiment; 
           [0027]      FIG. 7  is an aberration diagrams of the third embodiment; 
           [0028]      FIG. 8  is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of a fourth embodiment; 
           [0029]      FIG. 9  is an aberration diagrams of the fourth embodiment; 
           [0030]      FIG. 10  is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of a fifth embodiment; 
           [0031]      FIG. 11  is an aberration diagrams of the fifth embodiment; 
           [0032]      FIG. 12  is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of a sixth embodiment; 
           [0033]      FIG. 13  is an aberration diagrams of the sixth embodiment; 
           [0034]      FIG. 14  is an a sectional view showing a lens configuration of a seventh embodiment; 
           [0035]      FIG. 15  is an aberration diagrams of the seventh embodiment; 
           [0036]      FIG. 16  is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of an eighth embodiment; 
           [0037]      FIG. 17  is an aberration diagrams of the eighth embodiment; 
           [0038]      FIG. 18  is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of a ninth embodiment; 
           [0039]      FIG. 19  is an aberration diagrams of the ninth embodiment; 
           [0040]      FIG. 20  is a sectional view showing a lens configuration of a tenth embodiment; 
           [0041]      FIG. 21  is an aberration diagrams of the tenth embodiment; and 
           [0042]      FIG. 22  is an explanatory view of onboard cameras. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0043]    In  FIG. 22 , equipped on a motor vehicle  1  are an outside camera  2  for picking up images of surroundings of the vehicle  1  which lie in a blind area to the driver which is located close to a side of the vehicle  1  where a front passenger&#39;s seat is fitted, an outside camera  3  for pick up images of surroundings of the vehicle  1  in a blind area to the driver which is located at the rear of the vehicle  1  and an inside camera  4  for picking up images of surroundings of the vehicle  1  in the same way as viewed by the driver. The outside camera  2 , the outside camera  3  and the inside camera  4  each include an imaging lens  10  and a solid state image sensing device S 1  which is made up of a CCD image sensor. A material which has strong resistances to surface deterioration by wind and rain, temperature change by direct sun light, and fats and oils and chemicals such as detergents is used for a lens of the imaging lens  10  which lies in an outermost position on an object side of the lens or nearest to objects. Hereinafter, embodiments of the imaging lens  10  will be described. 
       Embodiment 1 
       [0044]    In  FIGS. 1 and 2 , an imaging lens  10  includes, in order from an object side, a first lens  11 , a second lens  12  and a third lens  13 . The first lens is made up of a glass spherical lens, which is formed into a negative meniscus shape which has a convex surface on an object side and a concave surface on an image side thereof. A light cut-off film  11   a  is provided on an area which is located radially outwards of the image side concave surface of the first lens  11 . The light cut-off film prevents the entrance of light from the outside of an effective aperture so as to prevent the occurrence of a ghost image on an image plane. In addition, although the light cut-off film  11   a  is an opaque paint layer which is provided on the outside of the effective aperture, an opaque plate material may be provided on a rear side of the first lens  11 . In addition, the position where the light cut-off film  11   a  is provided is not limited to the rear of the first lens  11  but may be provided between the other lenses as required. 
         [0045]    The second lens  12  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex lens on an image side thereof and in which the object side concave surface and the image side convex surface are both aspherical surfaces which are rotationally symmetric about an optical axis. The second lens  12  is such that an intersection point between the object side surface and the optical axis lies closer to an image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge does through which an outermost angular light ray enters. Namely, as is shown in  FIG. 1 , an intersection point plane P 1  which includes the intersection point between the object side surface and the optical axis is situated closer to the image side of the imaging lens than a plane P 2  does which includes the effective aperture terminating edge and which is perpendicular to the optical axis. In addition, an intersection point between the image side surface of the second lens  12  and the optical axis is situated closer to the image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge is through which an outermost angular light ray enters, and an intersection point plane P 3  which includes the intersection point between the image side surface of the second lens  12  and the optical axis is situated closer to the image side of the imaging lens than a plane P 4  is which includes the effective aperture terminating edge. 
         [0046]    The third lens  13  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the object side concave surface and the image side convex surface are aspherical surfaces. An aperture stop ST is provided between the second lens  12  and the third lens  13 . A light receiving surface of the solid state image sensing device S 1  which is made up of a CCD image sensor or a CMOS image sensor is situated on an image plane, and a parallel, flat-plane plate PP is provided between the third lens  13  and the image plane as a filter device such as a cover glass or infrared ray cut-off filter for the solid state image sensing device S 1  (refer to  FIG. 1 ). Lens data of the imaging lens  10  are shown in Table 1 below, aspherical coefficients of the second lens  12  and the third lens  13  are shown in Table 2 below, and design specifications of the imaging lens  10  are shown in Table 3 below. Note that respective aspherical surfaces are such as to be based on the following aspherical surface expression, which is true with other embodiments, where KA denotes a conic constant, Bi an ith-order aspherical coefficient, C a reciprocal number of a paraxial radius of curvature, Di a coefficient of an ith phase differential function, and Y a height from the optical axis. 
         [0000]    
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
                     
                       Z 
                       ′ 
                     
                     = 
                     
                       
                         
                           CY 
                           2 
                         
                         
                           1 
                           + 
                           
                             
                               1 
                               - 
                               
                                 KA 
                                 * 
                                 
                                   C 
                                   2 
                                 
                                  
                                 
                                   Y 
                                   2 
                                 
                               
                             
                           
                         
                       
                       + 
                       
                         ∑ 
                         
                           
                             B 
                             i 
                           
                            
                           
                             Y 
                             i 
                           
                         
                       
                     
                   
                    
                   
                     
 
                   
                    
                   
                     i 
                     = 
                     
                       3 
                       ~ 
                       n 
                     
                   
                 
               
               
                 
                   [ 
                   
                     Expression 
                      
                     
                         
                     
                      
                     1 
                   
                   ] 
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 R 
                 D 
                 n 
                 νd 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 1 
                 22.75 
                 1.05 
                 1.5168 
                 64.2 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 2.26 
                 3.04 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 −4.88 
                 2.00 
                 1.58362 
                 30.2 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 −2.58 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 ST 
                 5 
                 0.00 
                 0.00 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 −134.88 
                 1.85 
                 1.50869 
                 56 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 −2.67 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspherical Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 KA 
                 B3 
                 B4 
                 B5 
                 B6 
                 B7 
                 B8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 −2.57E+00 
                 −3.09E−03 
                 −7.54E−03 
                 −8.63E−03 
                 3.61E−03 
                 4.80E−04 
                 −3.33E−04 
               
               
                 4 
                 3.79E−01 
                 1.03E−02 
                 7.17E−03 
                 −4.38E−03 
                 2.92E−03 
                 −9.12E−04 
                 2.78E−04 
               
               
                 6 
                 −2.83E+01 
                 1.70E−02 
                 −6.80E−03 
                 1.86E−03 
                 1.30E−03 
                 1.90E−03 
                 6.60E−05 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.47E+00 
                 −1.22E−02 
                 4.73E−03 
                 −1.00E−02 
                 3.43E−03 
                 −2.54E−04 
                 9.56E−06 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B9 
                 B10 
                 B11 
                 B12 
                 B13 
                 B14 
                 B15 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 4.87E−07 
                 8.20E−06 
                 −1.67E−07 
                 4.05E−07 
                 1.87E−07 
                 8.51E−08 
                 3.89E−08 
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.14E−05 
                 −8.40E−06 
                 −2.67E−06 
                 2.78E−07 
                 1.07E−06 
                 9.45E−07 
                 5.94E−07 
               
               
                 6 
                 −3.98E−04 
                 −5.58E−04 
                 −2.34E−05 
                 −1.80E−05 
                 −1.32E−05 
                 −8.40E−06 
                 −3.79E−06 
               
               
                 7 
                 −7.44E−06 
                 7.54E−07 
                 −1.31E−06 
                 −6.06E−07 
                 −2.51E−07 
                 −8.62E−08 
                 −1.80E−08 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B16 
                 B17 
                 B18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 −9.86E−09 
                 −8.08E−09 
                 −4.38E−10 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 2.53E−07 
                 1.21E−08 
                 −1.13E−07 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 2.13E−07 
                 2.66E−06 
                 3.36E−06 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 6.65E−09 
                 1.25E−08 
                 1.17E−08 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 f 
                 2.22 
               
               
                   
                 f1 
                 −4.92 
               
               
                   
                 f2 
                 7.04 
               
               
                   
                 f3 
                 5.30 
               
               
                   
                 f12 
                 12.08 
               
               
                   
                 f23 
                 3.24 
               
               
                   
                 2ω 
                 128 
               
               
                   
                 L 
                 12.92 
               
               
                   
                 BF 
                 4.34 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 2.4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0047]    Note that in the table, R represents a radius of curvature of a spherical surface of a lens or represents a curvature of a reference surface of an aspherical surface, and D represents an inter surface space or an air space. Nd represents a refractive index relative to a d line (wavelength being 587.56 nm), and ud represents an Abbe number based on the d line. In addition, in the table, f 1  represents a focal length (mm) of the first lens  11 , f 2  a focal length (mm) of the second lens  12 , f 3  a focal length (mm) of the third lens  13 , f 12  a composite focal length (mm) of the first lens  11  and the second lens  12 , f 23  a composite focal length (mm) of the second lens  12  and the third lens  13 , 2ω a diagonal angle of view (°), L a distance (mm) from an apex on the object side surface to the image plane, BF a back focus (mm), and Fno an f number. These are the same in the other embodiments which will be described later on. 
         [0048]    In the imaging lens  10 , |L/f 1 |=2.62, and the conditional expression (1), 0.5&lt;|L/f 1 |&lt;7, is satisfied. In addition, |f 2 /f 3 |=1.33, and the conditional expression (2), 0.2&lt;|f 2 /f 3 |&lt;10, is satisfied. Furthermore, |f 1 /f 23 |=1.52, and the conditional expression (3), 0.2&lt;|f 1 /f 23 |&lt;6, is satisfied. In addition, L/f=5.81, and the conditional expression (4), 0&lt;L/f&lt;15, is satisfied.  FIG. 3  shows aberration diagrams of the imaging lens  10 . 
       Embodiment 2 
       [0049]    In  FIG. 4 , an imaging lens  20  includes, in order from an object side, a first lens  21 , a second lens  22  and a third lens  23 . The first lens  21  is made up of a glass spherical lens, which is formed into a negative meniscus shape which has a convex surface on an object side and a concave surface on an image side thereof and in which a radius of curvature of the image side concave surface is made smaller. The second lens  22  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the object side concave surface and the image side convex surface are formed into an aspherical surface. In the second lens  22 , an intersection point between the object side surface and an optical axis is situated closer to an image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters, and an intersection point between the image side surface and the optical axis is situated closer to the image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters. The third lens  23  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a double-convex shape which has a convex surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the object side convex surface and the image side convex surface are aspherical surfaces. An aperture stop ST is provided between the second lens  22  and the third element  23 . Lens data of the imaging lens  20  are shown in Table 4 below, aspherical coefficients of the second lens  22  and the third lens  23  are shown in Table 5 below, and design specifications of the imaging lens  20  are shown in Table 6 below. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 R 
                 D 
                 n 
                 νd 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 1 
                 6.55 
                 1.99 
                 1.5168 
                 64.2 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 1.76 
                 2.10 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 −4.11 
                 1.78 
                 1.58362 
                 30.2 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 −2.88 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 ST 
                 5 
                 0.00 
                 0.16 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 7.49 
                 1.84 
                 1.50869 
                 56 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 −2.32 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspherical Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 KA 
                 B3 
                 B4 
                 B5 
                 B6 
                 B7 
                 B8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 −2.49E+00 
                 7.72E−03 
                 −1.64E−02 
                 −9.24E−03 
                 3.61E−03 
                 4.82E−04 
                 −3.33E−04 
               
               
                 4 
                 5.45E−01 
                 1.97E−03 
                 3.37E−03 
                 −4.66E−03 
                 2.92E−03 
                 −9.09E−04 
                 2.78E−04 
               
               
                 6 
                 −2.83E+01 
                 6.80E−04 
                 −9.58E−03 
                 1.88E−03 
                 1.33E−03 
                 1.90E−03 
                 6.66E−05 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.74E+00 
                 −1.89E−02 
                 1.32E−03 
                 −1.12E−02 
                 3.25E−03 
                 −2.71E−04 
                 8.22E−06 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B9 
                 B10 
                 B11 
                 B12 
                 B13 
                 B14 
                 B15 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 4.54E−07 
                 8.20E−06 
                 −1.68E−07 
                 4.04E−07 
                 1.87E−07 
                 8.51E−08 
                 3.89E−08 
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.13E−05 
                 −8.40E−06 
                 −2.67E−06 
                 2.78E−07 
                 1.07E−06 
                 9.45E−07 
                 5.94E−07 
               
               
                 6 
                 −3.98E−04 
                 −5.58E−04 
                 −2.34E−05 
                 −1.80E−05 
                 −1.32E−05 
                 −8.40E−06 
                 −3.79E−06 
               
               
                 7 
                 −7.51E−06 
                 7.52E−07 
                 −1.31E−06 
                 −6.06E−07 
                 −2.51E−07 
                 −8.62E−08 
                 −1.80E−08 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B16 
                 B17 
                 B18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 −9.86E−09 
                 −8.08E−09 
                 −4.38E−10 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 2.53E−07 
                 1.21E−08 
                 −1.13E−07 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 2.13E−07 
                 2.66E−06 
                 3.36E−06 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 6.65E−09 
                 1.25E−08 
                 1.17E−08 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 f 
                 2.24 
               
               
                   
                 f1 
                 −5.39 
               
               
                   
                 f2 
                 10.64 
               
               
                   
                 f3 
                 3.71 
               
               
                   
                 f12 
                 −45.03 
               
               
                   
                 f23 
                 2.75 
               
               
                   
                 2ω 
                 118 
               
               
                   
                 L 
                 11.98 
               
               
                   
                 BF 
                 3.58 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 2.4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0050]    In the imaging lens  20 , |L/f 1 |=2.22, and the conditional expression (1), 0.5&lt;|L/f 1 |&lt;&lt;7, is satisfied. In addition, |f 2 /f 3 |=2.87, and the conditional expression (2), 0.2&lt;|f 2 /f 3 |&lt;10, is satisfied. Furthermore, |f 1 /f 23 |=1.96, and the conditional expression (3), 0.2&lt;|f 1 /f 23 |&lt;6, is satisfied. L/f=5.34, and the conditional expression (4), 0&lt;L/f&lt;15, is satisfied. 
       Embodiment 3 
       [0051]    In  FIG. 6 , an imaging lens  30  includes, in order from an object side, a first lens  31 , a second lens  32  and a third lens  33 . The first lens  31  is made up of a glass spherical lens, which is formed into a negative meniscus shape which has a convex surface on an object side and a concave surface on an image side thereof. The second lens  32  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. In the second lens  32 , an intersection point between the object side surface and an optical axis is situated closer to the image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters, and an intersection point between the image side surface and the optical axis is situated closer to the image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters. The third lens  33  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a double-convex shape which has a convex surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. An aperture stop ST is provided between the second lens  32  and the third element  33 . Lens data of the imaging lens  30  are shown in Table 7 below, aspherical coefficients of the second lens  32  and the third lens  33  are shown in Table 8 below, and design specifications of the imaging lens  30  are shown in Table 9 below.  FIG. 7  shows aberration diagrams of the imaging lens  30 . 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 7 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 R 
                 D 
                 n 
                 νd 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 1 
                 16.74 
                 2.03 
                 1.5168 
                 64.2 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 3.19 
                 3.16 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 −3.42 
                 2.73 
                 1.58362 
                 30.2 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 −2.55 
                 0.67 
               
               
                 ST 
                 5 
                 0.00 
                 0.03 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 13.99 
                 3.21 
                 1.50869 
                 56 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 −4.21 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspherical Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 KA 
                 B3 
                 B4 
                 B5 
                 B6 
                 B7 
                 B8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 −2.75E+00 
                 −1.02E−02 
                 −3.98E−04 
                 −8.13E−03 
                 3.64E−03 
                 4.77E−04 
                 −3.38E−04 
               
               
                 4 
                 3.00E−01 
                 2.44E−02 
                 4.31E−03 
                 −3.40E−03 
                 3.15E−03 
                 −8.82E−04 
                 2.71E−04 
               
               
                 6 
                 −3.52E+01 
                 3.82E−02 
                 −6.31E−03 
                 1.70E−03 
                 1.41E−03 
                 2.03E−03 
                 1.67E−04 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.78E+00 
                 −8.98E−03 
                 1.43E−02 
                 −8.63E−03 
                 3.51E−03 
                 −2.52E−04 
                 1.13E−05 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B9 
                 B10 
                 B11 
                 B12 
                 B13 
                 B14 
                 B15 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 −4.03E−07 
                 8.68E−06 
                 5.03E−07 
                 3.65E−07 
                 2.06E−07 
                 9.46E−08 
                 3.01E−08 
               
               
                 4 
                 −2.29E−05 
                 −1.81E−05 
                 −9.14E−06 
                 −3.65E−06 
                 −1.07E−06 
                 −7.24E−08 
                 2.12E−07 
               
               
                 6 
                 −3.28E−04 
                 −5.13E−04 
                 4.36E−06 
                 −1.80E−06 
                 −4.36E−06 
                 −4.07E−06 
                 −2.06E−06 
               
               
                 7 
                 −6.55E−06 
                 9.52E−07 
                 −1.28E−06 
                 −6.10E−07 
                 −2.66E−07 
                 −8.04E−08 
                 −6.35E−09 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B16 
                 B17 
                 B18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 −2.34E−10 
                 −1.12E−08 
                 −1.27E−08 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 2.02E−07 
                 1.17E−07 
                 4.26E−08 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 5.06E−07 
                 2.21E−06 
                 2.58E−06 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 1.81E−08 
                 2.13E−08 
                 1.79E−08 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 9 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 f 
                 2.83 
               
               
                   
                 f1 
                 −8.01 
               
               
                   
                 f2 
                 7.88 
               
               
                   
                 f3 
                 6.73 
               
               
                   
                 f12 
                 10.38 
               
               
                   
                 f23 
                 3.66 
               
               
                   
                 2ω 
                 118 
               
               
                   
                 L 
                 16.19 
               
               
                   
                 BF 
                 4.36 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 2.40 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0052]    In the imaging lens  30 , |L/f 1 |=2.02, and the conditional expression (1), 0.5&lt;|L/f 1 |&lt;7, is satisfied. In addition, |f 2 /f 3 |=1.17, and the conditional expression (2), 0.2&lt;|f 2 /f 3 |&lt;10, is satisfied. Furthermore, |f 1 /f 23 |=2.19, and the conditional expression (3), 0.2&lt;|f 1 /f 23 |&lt;6, is satisfied. L/f=5.73, and the conditional expression (4), 0&lt;L/f&lt;15, is satisfied. 
       Embodiment 4 
       [0053]    In  FIG. 8 , an imaging lens  40  includes, in order from an object side, a first lens  41 , a second lens  42  and a third lens  43 . The first lens  41  is made up of a glass spherical lens, which is formed into a double-concave shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a concave surface on an image side thereof. The second lens  42  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. In the second lens  42 , an intersection point between the object side surface and an optical axis is situated closer to an image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters, and an intersection point between the image side surface and the optical axis is situated closer to the image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters. The third lens  43  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. An aperture stop ST is provided between the second lens  42  and the third element  43 . Lens data of the imaging lens  40  are shown in Table 10 below, aspherical coefficients of the second lens  42  and the third lens  43  are shown in Table 11 below, and design specifications of the imaging lens  40  are shown in Table 12 below.  FIG. 9  shows aberration diagrams of the imaging lens  40 . 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 10 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 R 
                 D 
                 n 
                 νd 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 1 
                 −31.57 
                 0.81 
                 1.5168 
                 64.2 
               
               
                 2 
                 4.55 
                 2.19 
               
               
                 3 
                 −5.28 
                 3.11 
                 1.58362 
                 30.2 
               
               
                 4 
                 −2.71 
                 0.71 
               
               
                 ST 5 
                 0.00 
                 0.00 
               
               
                 6 
                 −12.91 
                 2.49 
                 1.50869 
                 56 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.70 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 11 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspherical Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 KA 
                 B3 
                 B4 
                 B5 
                 B6 
                 B7 
                 B8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 −2.58E+00 
                 2.35E−04 
                 −3.43E−03 
                 −7.77E−03 
                 3.69E−03 
                 4.83E−04 
                 −3.33E−04 
               
               
                 4 
                 2.30E−01 
                 1.29E−02 
                 1.04E−02 
                 −4.31E−03 
                 2.89E−03 
                 −9.16E−04 
                 2.77E−04 
               
               
                 6 
                 −2.83E+01 
                 2.06E−02 
                 −7.09E−03 
                 2.00E−03 
                 1.32E−03 
                 1.90E−03 
                 6.62E−05 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.60E+00 
                 −1.28E−02 
                 5.16E−03 
                 −1.03E−02 
                 3.36E−03 
                 −2.62E−04 
                 8.68E−06 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B9 
                 B10 
                 B11 
                 B12 
                 B13 
                 B14 
                 B15 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 2.89E−07 
                 8.17E−06 
                 −1.72E−07 
                 4.04E−07 
                 1.87E−07 
                 8.51E−08 
                 3.89E−08 
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.14E−05 
                 −8.41E−06 
                 −2.67E−06 
                 2.78E−07 
                 1.07E−06 
                 9.45E−07 
                 5.94E−07 
               
               
                 6 
                 −3.98E−04 
                 −5.58E−04 
                 −2.34E+00 
                 −1.80E−05 
                 −1.32E−05 
                 −8.40E−06 
                 −3.79E−06 
               
               
                 7 
                 −7.52E−06 
                 7.46E−07 
                 −1.31E−06 
                 −6.06E−07 
                 −2.51E−07 
                 −8.62E−08 
                 −1.80E−08 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B16 
                 B17 
                 B18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 −9.86E−09 
                 −8.08E−09 
                 −4.38E−10 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 2.53E−07 
                 1.21E−08 
                 −1.13E−07 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 2.13E−07 
                 2.66E−06 
                 3.36E−06 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 6.65E−09 
                 1.25E−08 
                 1.17E−08 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 12 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 f 
                 2.71 
               
               
                   
                 f1 
                 −7.61 
               
               
                   
                 f2 
                 6.54 
               
               
                   
                 f3 
                 6.16 
               
               
                   
                 f12 
                 8.16 
               
               
                   
                 f23 
                 3.51 
               
               
                   
                 2ω 
                 114 
               
               
                   
                 L 
                 13.80 
               
               
                   
                 BF 
                 4.50 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 2.40 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0054]    In the imaging lens  40 , |L/f 1 |=1.81, and the conditional expression (1), 0.5&lt;|L/f 1 |&lt;7, is satisfied. In addition, |f 2 /f 3 |=1.06, and the conditional expression (2), 0.2&lt;|f 2 /f 3 |&lt;10, is satisfied. Furthermore, |f 1 /f 23 |=2.17, and the conditional expression (3), 0.2&lt;|f 1 /f 23 |&lt;6, is satisfied. L/f=5.09, and the conditional expression (4), 0&lt;L/f&lt;15, is satisfied. 
       Embodiment 5 
       [0055]    In  FIG. 10 , an imaging lens  50  includes, in order from an object side, a first lens  51 , a second lens  52  and a third lens  53 . The first lens  51  is made up of a glass spherical lens, which is formed into a negative meniscus shape which has a convex surface on an object side and a concave surface on an image side thereof. The second lens  52  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. In the second lens  52 , an intersection point between the object side surface and an optical axis is situated closer to an image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters, and an intersection point between the image side surface and the optical axis is situated closer to the image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters. The third lens  53  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a double-convex shape which has a convex surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. An aperture stop ST is provided between the second lens  52  and the third element  53 . Lens data of the imaging lens  50  are shown in Table 13 below, aspherical coefficients of the second lens  52  and the third lens  53  are shown in Table 14 below, and design specifications of the imaging lens  50  are shown in Table 15 below.  FIG. 11  shows aberration diagrams of the imaging lens  50 . 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 13 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 R 
                 D 
                 n 
                 νd 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 1 
                 21.26 
                 1.37 
                 1.5168 
                 64.2 
               
               
                 2 
                 5.48 
                 3.09 
               
               
                 3 
                 −2.96 
                 2.08 
                 1.58362 
                 30.2 
               
               
                 4 
                 −2.60 
                 2.28 
               
               
                 ST 5 
                 0.00 
                 0.82 
               
               
                 6 
                 4.55 
                 3.09 
                 1.50869 
                 56 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.03 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 14 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspherical Coefficients 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 KA 
                 B3 
                 B4 
                 B5 
                 B6 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 3 
                 −4.62E+00 
                 1.50E−02 
                 −7.54E−04 
                 −1.83E−03 
                 2.11E−04 
               
               
                 4 
                 3.20E−01 
                 4.09E−02 
                 3.56E−03 
                 −4.13E−03 
                 7.17E−04 
               
               
                 6 
                 3.96E−01 
                 −6.22E−03 
                 −3.47E−03 
                 8.88E−03 
                 −2.00E−03 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.29E+00 
                 −2.70E−02 
                 1.54E−02 
                 −3.56E−03 
                 3.70E−03 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 15 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 f 
                 2.17 
               
               
                   
                 f1 
                 −14.67 
               
               
                   
                 f2 
                 11.55 
               
               
                   
                 f3 
                 3.26 
               
               
                   
                 f12 
                 18.20 
               
               
                   
                 f23 
                 2.89 
               
               
                   
                 2ω 
                 80.30 
               
               
                   
                 L 
                 15.08 
               
               
                   
                 BF 
                 2.37 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 2.40 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0056]    In the imaging lens  50 , |L/f|=1.03, and the conditional expression (1), 0.5&lt;|L/f 1 |&lt;7, is satisfied. In addition, |f 2 /f 3 |=3.54, and the conditional expression (2), 0.2&lt;|f 2 /f 3 |&lt;10, is satisfied. Furthermore, |f 1 /f 23 |=5.08, and the conditional expression (3), 0.2&lt;|f 1 /f 23 |&lt;6, is satisfied. L/f=6.96, and the conditional expression (4), 0&lt;L/f&lt;15, is satisfied. 
       Embodiment 6 
       [0057]    In  FIG. 12 , an imaging lens  60  includes, in order from an object side, a first lens  61 , a second lens  62  and a third lens  63 . The first lens  61  is made up of a glass spherical lens, which is formed into a negative meniscus shape which has a convex surface on an object side and a concave surface on an image side thereof. The second lens  62  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. In the second lens  62 , an intersection point between the object side surface and an optical axis is situated closer to an image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters, and an intersection point between the image side surface and the optical axis is situated closer to the image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters. The third lens  63  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. An aperture stop ST is provided between the second lens  62  and the third element  63 . Lens data of the imaging lens  60  are shown in Table 16 below, aspherical coefficients of the second lens  62  and the third lens  63  are shown in Table 17 below, and design specifications of the imaging lens  60  are shown in Table 18 below.  FIG. 13  shows aberration diagrams of the imaging lens  60 . 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 16 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 R 
                 D 
                 n 
                 νd 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 1 
                 16.68 
                 0.90 
                 1.5168 
                 64.2 
               
               
                 2 
                 2.39 
                 1.66 
               
               
                 3 
                 −4.60 
                 4.10 
                 1.58362 
                 30.2 
               
               
                 4 
                 −2.95 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 ST 5 
                 0.00 
                 0.03 
               
               
                 6 
                 −52.90 
                 2.25 
                 1.50869 
                 56 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.88 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 17 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspherical Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 KA 
                 B3 
                 B4 
                 B5 
                 B6 
                 B7 
                 B8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 −2.58E+00 
                 7.01E−03 
                 −7.26E−03 
                 −8.72E−03 
                 3.59E−03 
                 4.77E−04 
                 −3.33E−04 
               
               
                 4 
                 2.74E−01 
                 1.42E−02 
                 8.94E−03 
                 −4.18E−03 
                 2.93E−03 
                 −9.12E−04 
                 2.78E−04 
               
               
                 6 
                 −2.83E+01 
                 1.95E−02 
                 −6.16E−03 
                 1.91E−03 
                 1.30E−03 
                 1.90E−03 
                 6.60E−05 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.49E+00 
                 −1.01E−02 
                 4.95E−03 
                 −1.01E−02 
                 3.41E−03 
                 −2.56E−04 
                 9.33E−06 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B9 
                 B10 
                 B11 
                 B12 
                 B13 
                 B14 
                 B15 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 4.67E−07 
                 8.20E−06 
                 −1.67E−07 
                 4.05E−07 
                 1.87E−07 
                 8.51E−08 
                 3.89E−08 
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.14E−05 
                 −8.40E−06 
                 −2.67E−06 
                 2.78E−07 
                 1.07E−06 
                 9.45E−07 
                 5.94E−07 
               
               
                 6 
                 −3.98E−04 
                 −5.58E−04 
                 −2.34E−05 
                 −1.80E−05 
                 −1.32E−05 
                 −8.40E−06 
                 −3.79E−06 
               
               
                 7 
                 −7.46E−06 
                 7.52E−07 
                 −1.31E−06 
                 −6.06E−07 
                 −2.51E−07 
                 −8.62E−08 
                 −1.80E−08 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B16 
                 B17 
                 B18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 −9.86E−09 
                 −8.08E−09 
                 −4.38E−10 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 2.53E−07 
                 1.21E−08 
                 −1.13E−07 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 2.13E−07 
                 2.66E−06 
                 3.36E−06 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 6.65E−09 
                 1.25E−08 
                 1.17E−08 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 f 
                 2.35 
               
               
                   
                 f1 
                 −5.51 
               
               
                   
                 f2 
                 7.30 
               
               
                   
                 f3 
                 5.86 
               
               
                   
                 f12 
                 11.43 
               
               
                   
                 f23 
                 3.19 
               
               
                   
                 2ω 
                 126 
               
               
                   
                 L 
                 14.27 
               
               
                   
                 BF 
                 4.73 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 2.40 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0058]    In the imaging lens  60 , |L/f 1 |=2.59, and the conditional expression (1), 0.5&lt;|L/f 1 |&lt;7, is satisfied. In addition, |f 2 /f 3 |=1.25, and the conditional expression (2), 0.2&lt;|f 2 /f 3 |&lt;10, is satisfied. Furthermore, |f 1 /f 23 |=1.73, and the conditional expression (3), 0.2&lt;|f 1 /f 23 |&lt;6, is satisfied. L/f=6.08, and the conditional expression (4), 0&lt;L/f&lt;15, is satisfied. 
       Embodiment 7 
       [0059]    In  FIG. 14 , an imaging lens  70  includes, in order from an object side, a first lens  71 , a second lens  72  and a third lens  73 . The first lens  71  is made up of a glass spherical lens, which is formed into a negative meniscus shape which has a convex surface on an object side and a concave surface on an image side thereof. The second lens  72  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. In the second lens  72 , an intersection point between the object side surface and an optical axis is situated closer to an image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters, and an intersection point between the image side surface and the optical axis is situated closer to the image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters. The third lens  73  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. An aperture stop ST is provided between the second lens  72  and the third element  73 . Lens data of the imaging lens  70  are shown in Table 19 below, aspherical coefficients of the second lens  72  and the third lens  73  are shown Table 20 below, and design specifications of the imaging lens are shown in Table 21 below.  FIG. 15  shows aberration diagrams the imaging lens  70 . 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 19 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 R 
                 D 
                 n 
                 νd 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 1 
                 6.77 
                 0.46 
                 1.5168 
                 64.2 
               
               
                 2 
                 2.01 
                 2.63 
               
               
                 3 
                 −4.52 
                 2.00 
                 1.58362 
                 30.2 
               
               
                 4 
                 −2.53 
                 0.57 
               
               
                 ST 5 
                 0.00 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 6 
                 −233.44 
                 1.64 
                 1.50869 
                 56 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.74 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 20 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspherical Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 KA 
                 B3 
                 B4 
                 B5 
                 B6 
                 B7 
                 B8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 −2.57E+00 
                 −9.39E−03 
                 −7.70E−03 
                 −8.53E−03 
                 3.62E−03 
                 4.81E−04 
                 −3.32E−04 
               
               
                 4 
                 3.71E−01 
                 7.69E−03 
                 7.61E−03 
                 −4.43E−03 
                 2.90E−03 
                 −9.14E−04 
                 2.78E−04 
               
               
                 6 
                 −2.83E+01 
                 1.67E−02 
                 −7.50E−03 
                 1.85E−03 
                 1.30E−03 
                 1.90E−03 
                 6.61E−05 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.50E+00 
                 −1.34E−02 
                 4.59E−03 
                 −1.01E−02 
                 3.41E−03 
                 −2.55E−04 
                 9.44E−06 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B9 
                 B10 
                 B11 
                 B12 
                 B13 
                 B14 
                 B15 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 4.96E−07 
                 8.20E−06 
                 −1.67E−07 
                 4.05E−07 
                 1.87E−07 
                 8.51E−08 
                 3.89E−08 
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.14E−05 
                 −8.40E−06 
                 −2.67E−06 
                 2.78E−07 
                 1.07E−06 
                 9.45E−07 
                 5.94E−07 
               
               
                 6 
                 −3.98E−04 
                 −5.58E−04 
                 −2.34E−05 
                 −1.80E−05 
                 −1.32E−05 
                 −8.40E−06 
                 −3.79E−06 
               
               
                 7 
                 −7.44E−06 
                 7.54E−07 
                 −1.31E−06 
                 −6.06E−07 
                 −2.51E−07 
                 −8.62E−08 
                 −1.80E−08 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B16 
                 B17 
                 B18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 −9.86E−09 
                 −8.08E−09 
                 −4.38E−10 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 2.53E−07 
                 1.21E−08 
                 −1.13E−07 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 2.13E−07 
                 2.66E−06 
                 3.36E−06 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 6.65E−09 
                 1.25E−08 
                 1.17E−08 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 21 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 f 
                 2.48 
               
               
                   
                 f1 
                 −5.71 
               
               
                   
                 f2 
                 7.12 
               
               
                   
                 f3 
                 5.41 
               
               
                   
                 f12 
                 12.79 
               
               
                   
                 f23 
                 3.23 
               
               
                   
                 2ω 
                 108 
               
               
                   
                 L 
                 11.77 
               
               
                   
                 BF 
                 4.36 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 2.40 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0060]    In the imaging lens  70 , |L/f 1 |=2.06, and the conditional expression (1), 0.5&lt;|L/f 1 |&lt;7, is satisfied. In addition, |f 2 /f 3 |=1.32, and the conditional expression (2), 0.2&lt;|f 2 /f 3 |&lt;10, is satisfied. Furthermore, |f 1 /f 23 |=1.77, and the conditional expression (3), 0.2&lt;|f 1 /f 23 |&lt;6, is satisfied. L/f=4.74, and the conditional expression (4), 0&lt;L/f&lt;15, is satisfied. 
       Embodiment 8 
       [0061]    In  FIG. 16 , an imaging lens  80  includes, in order from an object side, a first lens  81 , a second lens  82  and a third lens  83 . The first lens  81  is made up of a glass spherical lens, which is formed into a negative meniscus shape which has a convex surface on an object side and a concave surface on an image side thereof. The second lens  82  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. In the second lens  82 , an intersection point between the object side surface and an optical axis is situated closer to an image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters, and an intersection point between the image side surface and the optical axis is situated closer to the image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters. The third lens  83  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a double-convex shape which has a convex surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. An aperture stop ST is provided between the second lens  82  and the third element  83 . Lens data of the imaging lens  80  are shown in Table 22 below, aspherical coefficients of the second lens  82  and the third lens  83  are shown in Table 23 below, and design specifications of the imaging lens  80  are shown in Table 24 below.  FIG. 17  shows aberration diagrams of the imaging lens  80 . 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 22 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 R 
                 D 
                 n 
                 νd 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 1 
                 30.00 
                 1.37 
                 1.58313 
                 59.4 
               
               
                 2 
                 5.48 
                 3.09 
               
               
                 3 
                 −2.46 
                 2.14 
                 1.58362 
                 30.2 
               
               
                 4 
                 −2.58 
                 2.12 
               
               
                 ST 5 
                 0.00 
                 0.57 
               
               
                 6 
                 5.98 
                 3.11 
                 1.50869 
                 56 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.04 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 23 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspherical Coefficients 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 KA 
                 B3 
                 B4 
                 B5 
                 B6 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 3 
                 −3.10E+00 
                 1.16E−02 
                 −9.15E−04 
                 −1.85E−03 
                 2.29E−04 
               
               
                 4 
                 3.61E−01 
                 3.98E−02 
                 3.36E−03 
                 −4.26E−03 
                 8.21E−04 
               
               
                 6 
                 1.56E+01 
                 −1.63E−02 
                 6.05E−03 
                 3.47E−03 
                 −1.02E−02 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.30E+00 
                 −4.90E−02 
                 2.08E−02 
                 −3.03E−03 
                 7.35E−04 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 24 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 f 
                 1.96 
               
               
                   
                 f1 
                 −11.70 
               
               
                   
                 f2 
                 16.17 
               
               
                   
                 f3 
                 3.43 
               
               
                   
                 f12 
                 55.89 
               
               
                   
                 f23 
                 2.72 
               
               
                   
                 2ω 
                 120 
               
               
                   
                 L 
                 15.23 
               
               
                   
                 BF 
                 2.83 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 2.40 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0062]    In the imaging lens  80 , |L/f 1 |=1.30, and the conditional expression (1), 0.5&lt;|L/f 1 |&lt;7, is satisfied. In addition, |f 2 /f 3 |=4.72, and the conditional expression (2), 0.2&lt;|f 2 /f 3 |&lt;10, is satisfied. Furthermore, |f 1 /f 23 |=4.29, and the conditional expression (3), 0.2&lt;|f 1 /f 23 |&lt;6, is satisfied. L/f=7.76, and the conditional expression (4), 0&lt;L/f&lt;15, is satisfied. 
       Embodiment 9 
       [0063]    In  FIG. 18 , an imaging lens  90  includes, in order from an object side, a first lens  91 , a second lens  92  and a third lens  93 . The first lens  91  is made up of a glass spherical lens, which is formed into a double-concave shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a concave surface on an image side thereof and in which an absolute value of radius of curvature of the concave surface on the image side is smaller than an absolute value of radius of curvature of the concave surface on the object side. The second lens  92  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. In the second lens  92 , an intersection point between the object side surface and an optical axis is situated closer to an image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters, and an intersection point between the image side surface and the optical axis is situated closer to the image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters. The third lens  93  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the faces are aspherical surfaces. An aperture stop ST is provided ween the second lens  92  and the third element  93 . Lens data of imaging lens  90  are shown in Table 25 below, aspherical efficients of the second lens  92  and the third lens  93  are shown Table 26 below, and design specifications of the imaging lens are shown in Table 27 below.  FIG. 19  shows aberration diagrams the imaging lens  90 . 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 25 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 R 
                 D 
                 n 
                 νd 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 1 
                 −18.00 
                 0.80 
                 1.5168 
                 64.2 
               
               
                 2 
                 4.55 
                 1.81 
               
               
                 3 
                 −7.05 
                 3.31 
                 1.58362 
                 30.2 
               
               
                 4 
                 −2.72 
                 0.64 
               
               
                 ST 5 
                 0.00 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 6 
                 −11.21 
                 1.96 
                 1.50869 
                 56 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.76 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 26 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 KA 
                 B3 
                 B4 
                 B5 
                 B6 
                 B7 
                 B8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 −2.57E+00 
                 1.95E−03 
                 −5.24E−03 
                 −7.76E−03 
                 3.72E−03 
                 4.88E−04 
                 −3.33E−04 
               
               
                 4 
                 2.26E−01 
                 1.09E−02 
                 1.07E−02 
                 −4.34E−03 
                 2.88E−03 
                 −9.18E−04 
                 2.77E−04 
               
               
                 5 
                 −2.83E+01 
                 1.96E−02 
                 −6.27E−03 
                 2.10E−03 
                 1.33E−03 
                 1.90E−03 
                 6.62E−05 
               
               
                 6 
                 −2.59E+00 
                 −9.87E−03 
                 4.98E−03 
                 −1.03E−02 
                 3.37E−03 
                 −2.60E−04 
                 8.98E−06 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B9 
                 B10 
                 B11 
                 B12 
                 B13 
                 B14 
                 B15 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 3.54E−07 
                 8.18E−06 
                 −1.71E−07 
                 4.04E−07 
                 1.87E−07 
                 8.51E−08 
                 3.89E−08 
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.14E−05 
                 −8.41E−06 
                 −2.67E−06 
                 2.78E−07 
                 1.07E−06 
                 9.45E−07 
                 5.94E−07 
               
               
                 5 
                 −3.98E−04 
                 −5.58E−04 
                 −2.34E−05 
                 −1.80E−05 
                 −1.32E−05 
                 −8.40E−06 
                 −3.79E−06 
               
               
                 6 
                 −7.49E−06 
                 7.50E−07 
                 −1.31E−06 
                 −6.06E−07 
                 −2.51E−07 
                 −8.62E−08 
                 −1.80E−08 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B16 
                 B17 
                 B18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 −9.86E−09 
                 −8.08E−09 
                 −4.38E−10 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 2.53E−07 
                 1.21E−08 
                 −1.13E−07 
               
               
                   
                 5 
                 2.13E−07 
                 2.66E−06 
                 3.36E−06 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 6.65E−09 
                 1.25E−08 
                 1.17E−08 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 27 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 f 
                 2.79 
               
               
                   
                 f1 
                 −6.92 
               
               
                   
                 f2 
                 5.87 
               
               
                   
                 f3 
                 6.65 
               
               
                   
                 f12 
                 7.24 
               
               
                   
                 f23 
                 3.51 
               
               
                   
                 2ω 
                 114 
               
               
                   
                 L 
                 13.17 
               
               
                   
                 BF 
                 4.48 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 2.40 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0064]    In the imaging lens  90 , |L/f 1 |=1.90, and the conditional expression (1), 0.5&lt;|L/f 1 |&lt;7, is satisfied. In addition, |f 2 /f 3 |=0.88, and the conditional expression (2), 0.2&lt;|f 2 /f 3 |&lt;10, is satisfied. Furthermore, |f 1 /f 23 |=1.97, and the conditional expression (3), 0.2&lt;|f 1 /f 23 |&lt;6, is satisfied. L/f=4.72, and the conditional expression (4), 0&lt;L/f&lt;15, is satisfied. 
       Embodiment 10 
       [0065]    In  FIG. 20 , an imaging lens  100  includes, in order from an object side, a first lens  101 , a second lens  102  and a third lens  103 . The first lens  101  is made up of a glass spherical lens, which is formed into a planoconcave shape which has a plane on an object side and a concave surface on an image side thereof. The second lens  102  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a positive meniscus shape which has a concave surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. In the second lens  102 , an intersection point between the object side surface and an optical axis is situated closer to an image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters, and an intersection point between the image side surface and the optical axis is situated closer to the image side of the imaging lens than an effective aperture terminating edge of the relevant surface is through which an outermost angular light ray enters. The third lens  103  is made up of a plastic lens, which is formed into a double-convex shape which has a convex surface on an object side and a convex surface on an image side thereof and in which both the surfaces are aspherical surfaces. An aperture stop ST is provided between the second lens  102  and the third element  103 . Lens data of the imaging lens  100  are shown in Table 28 below, aspherical coefficients of the second lens  102  and the third lens  103  are shown in Table 29 below, and design specifications of the imaging lens  100  are shown in Table 30 below.  FIG. 21  shows aberration diagrams of the imaging lens  100 . 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 28 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 R 
                 D 
                 n 
                 νd 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 1 
                 0.00 
                 1.05 
                 1.7725 
                 49.6 
               
               
                 2 
                 2.70 
                 0.70 
               
               
                 3 
                 −5.29 
                 1.83 
                 1.58362 
                 30.2 
               
               
                 4 
                 −2.14 
                 0.23 
               
               
                 ST 5 
                 0.00 
                 0.16 
               
               
                 6 
                 213.60 
                 2.58 
                 1.50869 
                 56 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.44 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 29 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspherical Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 KA 
                 B3 
                 B4 
                 B5 
                 B6 
                 B7 
                 B8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 −2.43E+00 
                 −2.89E−02 
                 −9.13E−03 
                 −7.31E−03 
                 3.94E−03 
                 5.29E−04 
                 −3.27E−04 
               
               
                 4 
                 5.00E−01 
                 2.34E−02 
                 8.53E−03 
                 −4.48E−03 
                 2.86E−03 
                 −9.24E−04 
                 2.76E−04 
               
               
                 5 
                 −2.83E+01 
                 2.59E−02 
                 −7.63E−03 
                 1.94E−03 
                 1.34E−03 
                 1.90E−03 
                 6.67E−05 
               
               
                 6 
                 −2.15E+00 
                 −3.37E−02 
                 9.48E−03 
                 −9.11E−03 
                 3.45E−03 
                 −2.65E−04 
                 6.90E−06 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B9 
                 B10 
                 B11 
                 B12 
                 B13 
                 B14 
                 B15 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 1.09E−06 
                 8.26E−06 
                 −1.61E−07 
                 4.05E−07 
                 1.87E−07 
                 8.51E−08 
                 3.89E−08 
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.16E−05 
                 −8.42E−06 
                 −2.67E−06 
                 2.77E−07 
                 1.07E−06 
                 9.45E−07 
                 5.94E−07 
               
               
                 5 
                 −3.98E−04 
                 −5.58E−04 
                 −2.34E+00 
                 −1.80E−05 
                 −1.32E−05 
                 −8.40E−06 
                 −3.79E−06 
               
               
                 6 
                 −7.84E−06 
                 7.03E−07 
                 −1.32E−06 
                 −6.06E−07 
                 −2.51E−07 
                 −8.62E−08 
                 −1.80E−08 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Surface Numbers 
                 B16 
                 B17 
                 B18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 −9.86E−09 
                 −8.08E−09 
                 −4.38E−10 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 2.53E−07 
                 1.21E−08 
                 −1.13E−07 
               
               
                   
                 5 
                 2.13E−07 
                 2.66E−06 
                 3.36E−06 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 6.65E−09 
                 1.25E−08 
                 1.17E−08 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 30 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 f 
                 2.64 
               
               
                   
                 f1 
                 −3.48 
               
               
                   
                 f2 
                 5.04 
               
               
                   
                 f3 
                 4.74 
               
               
                   
                 f12 
                 24.08 
               
               
                   
                 f23 
                 2.87 
               
               
                   
                 2ω 
                 119 
               
               
                   
                 L 
                 10.74 
               
               
                   
                 BF 
                 4.19 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 2.40 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0066]    In the imaging lens  100 , |L/f 1 |=3.09, and the conditional expression (1), 0.5&lt;|L/f 1 |&lt;7, is satisfied. In addition, |f 2 /f 3 |=1.06, and the conditional expression (2), 0.2&lt;|f 2 /f 3 |&lt;10, is satisfied. Furthermore, |f 1 /f 23 |=1.21, and the conditional expression (3), 0.2&lt;|f 1 /f 23 |&lt;6, is satisfied. L/f=4.07, and the conditional expression (4), 0&lt;L/f&lt;15, is satisfied. 
         [0067]    While in the embodiments, the first lens is made up of the spherical lens which is made of glass and the second lens and the third lens are each made up of the plastic lens and are each aspherical on both the sides thereof, the first lens may be made up of an aspherical lens. Although a center curvature on the image side surface of the second lens is desirably convex, the image side surface of the second lens may be formed into a shape in which a concave surface changes into a convex surface as it extends towards the periphery thereof. 
         [0068]    Since the onboard camera is used under the sever environments where it is exposed to wind, rain and direct sun light, the onboard camera is required to have superior water resistance and weathering resistance such as acids resistance, as well as strong resistances to fats and oils and chemicals such as detergents. In the onboard camera, materials which have superior water resistance and acids resistance are good to be used for, in particular, the first lens which lies nearest to objects. Specifically, on water resistance [RW(p)] and acid resistance [RA(p)] standards provided by GLASS MANUFACTURERS&#39; ASSOCIATION OF JAPAN, a material is desirable which has a resistance to water classified as first to third grades and a resistance to acids classified as first to fourth grades both based on the powder method. A material is more preferable which has a resistance to water and a resistance to acids both classified as the second grade or higher based on the powder method. 
         [0069]    According to the invention, the high-performance imaging lens can be obtained which is bright with an f number of 2.4 and which can correct properly the field curvature and obtain a wide angle of view in which the diagonal angle of view is 80 degrees or more. In addition, the imaging lens can be realized which is superior in weathering resistance and hence is more suitable for use on an onboard camera, a monitor camera and the like which are used under severe environments. 
         [0070]    The entire disclosure of each and every foreign patent application from which the benefit of foreign priority has been claimed in the present application is incorporated herein by reference, as if fully set forth.