Abstract:
A process for manufacturing semiconductors uses an enclosure ( 22 ) having an interior surface-that is intentionally-roughened by spraying quartz ( 44 ) onto the interior surface. The sprayed quartz ( 44 ) creates additional surface area for the purpose of trapping or capturing etched material in the enclosure during the process. The roughness of the interior surface is not significantly reduced during the semiconductor processing so that only chemical cleaning is required to maintain the interior surface for long-term use.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates generally to semiconductor processing, and more specifically, to enclosures and associated parts used in the processing of semiconductors. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Semiconductor wafers are processed in various chambers that are elevated to predetermined temperatures and pressures. For example, commonly used chambers in processing are physical vapor deposition (PVD) chambers, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) chambers and etch chambers (PECVD). Such chambers typically use quartz, SiO 2 . For some applications, the interior surface of a quartz enclosure may be desired to be rough depending upon the type of processing that is occurring. Examples where a rough surface is desired include an RF (radio frequency) pre-clean chamber and an plasma enhanced CVD chamber. The rough surface is desired because deposition materials are applied to the inside surface of the enclosure. A rough surface provides more surface area to allow a deposition material to better adhere as compared to a smooth surface. 
     One known technique for roughening the surface of an RF pre-clean chamber enclosure is to use grit blasting wherein silica or ceramic beads are directed to the surface to create pits. The resulting surface appears pitted. After the grit blasting, a cleaning step of the surface is required to remove the silica that has remained on the surface. Unfortunately not all of the silica is removable as the force of impact lodges silica particles into the interior surface of the enclosure. After the cleaning step, the enclosure is installed and the deposition film is applied to seal the silica to prevent the silica from being deposited during the subsequent processing. However, when subjected to a high temperature and high pressure environment as well as certain electrical and chemical reactions, the deposition film begins to wear and flake off. The flakes as well as the silica fall onto a wafer being processed within the enclosure and result in killer defects and reduced die yield. 
     Additionally, prior to the deposition film and silica beginning to flake off and cause defects, the enclosure must be removed from productive activity and again subjected to a grit blasting technique. Another chemical cleaning is required prior to re-installing and forming another sealing film. Thus in known semiconductor processing lines, enclosure surfaces of some chambers typically are a source of processing defects, must be removed periodically from productive operation, and require significant continual maintenance expense. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The present invention is illustrated by way of example and is not limited by the accompanying figures, in which like references indicate similar elements. 
     FIG. 1 illustrates in flow diagram form a semiconductor process in accordance with the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of a semiconductor process chamber in accordance with the present invention; 
     FIG. 3 illustrates in cross-sectional form an interior surface of a semiconductor processing enclosure in accordance with the present invention; and 
     FIG. 4 illustrates in perspective form a semiconductor horizontal CVD furnace. 
    
    
     Skilled artisans appreciate that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help improve the understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Illustrated in FIG. 1 is a process for processing a semiconductor device in accordance with the present invention. In a step  10 , a semiconductor processing enclosure is provided. It should be understood that the enclosure may be either a chamber, a dome or a tube used to handle or process a semiconductor wafer. In a step  12 , quartz, SiO 2 , is physically sprayed onto an interior surface of the enclosure. In a step  14 , an interior surface of the enclosure is chemically cleaned. As an example, a chemical bath having a solution of a wet acid such as diluted hydrofluoric (HF) acid may be used. After the chemical cleaning, in a step  16  the semiconductor wafer is inserted into the enclosure. In a step  18 , the semiconductor wafer is processed in the enclosure. As an example, the wafer may sputtered cleaned by using Argon (Ar) or Oxygen (O 2 ) sputtered. Various additional semiconductor process steps may be implemented, such as depositing material on the wafer by using CVD (including LPCVD and APCVD), PVD and epitaxial deposition. Some etching steps, such as PECVD, may also be implemented using a quartz enclosure. Additionally, temperature treatment processing, such as Rapid Thermal Anneal (RTA) and Rapid Thermal Process (RTP), may be subsequently used. The surface roughness of the quartz surface prior to step  12  is typically in the range of 150 nm or 150 RMS (root mean square). After step  12 , the surface roughness is typically in the range of at least about 500 nm or greater. However, the roughness may be less than 500 nm depending upon the particular semiconductor processing application. This process may be used on any surface of an enclosure that requires grit blasting or bead blasting in lieu of the grit blasting or bead blasting. 
     Illustrated in FIG. 2 is a semiconductor processing system  20  having a quartz enclosure  22  for processing semiconductors. In the illustrated form, enclosure  22  is a dome but may be implemented as any type of container such as a quartz tube. Although quartz is the preferred material for the enclosure  22 , it should be appreciated that other materials may be used for the enclosure  22 . For example, various glass-like materials may be utilized. Enclosure  22  has an interior surface  33 . Contained within enclosure  22  adjacent an opening of a bottom surface of the enclosure  22  is a semiconductor wafer  26 . The semiconductor wafer  26  is supported by a wafer pedestal  24 . A coil power supply  28  is connected to a coil  30  that surround an external surface of enclosure  22  above semiconductor wafer  26 . A bias power supply  32  is connected to pedestal  24 . Additionally, a supply of Argon gas is connected to an opening of the enclosure  22 . 
     In operation, enclosure  22  contains a roughened interior surface in accordance with the present invention. When coil power supply  28  and bias power supply  32  are activated, the surface of the semiconductor wafer  26  develops a source of negatively charged ions on an upper surface thereof. The coils  30  develop an electric field around the enclosure  22  that positively charges the Argon molecules to create plasma  34 . As a sufficient charge differential is created, the positively charged Argon molecules bombard the negatively charged upper surface of the semiconductor wafer  26 . As the Argon molecules hit the semiconductor. wafer  26 , material is sputtered or removed from the upper surface of semiconductor wafer  26  as noted by the arrows directed away from the surface of the semiconductor wafer  26 . The sputtered material hits the roughened interior surface of the quartz enclosure  22 . Upon hitting the interior surface of the quartz enclosure  22 , recombination of atoms occurs and the atoms are mechanically trapped onto the sides of quartz enclosure  22 . After a. predetermined build-up of material onto the sides of quartz enclosure  22 , a chemical cleaning of the interior quartz enclosure  22  is required. We have noticed that when the interior surface of the quartz enclosure is roughened as taught herein, negligible wear of the interior surface roughness occurs. In contrast, in prior roughening techniques that used bead blasting or grit blasting to create a rough interior surface, at this point additional blasting would be required as significant wear to the roughness was observed. After chemical cleaning has occurred, the interior surface may be immediately used without further processing as the roughened quartz interior surface remains rough and needs no further processing. 
     Illustrated in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view  40  of a quartz body  42  having a roughened interior surface. Elements common between FIG.  3  and FIG. 2 are given the same reference number for purposes of convenience of understanding. A quartz layer  44  is illustrated having been sprayed onto the interior quartz surface. Quartz layer  44  functions as a coating material that coats quartz body  42 . Molten quartz may be sprayed onto a quartz surface using a spraying apparatus. The resulting quartz layer  44  has a very uneven and crystalline structure that creates numerous additional surface edges and pockets that will enhance mechanical trapping of redeposited material, such as material reflected from a semiconductor wafer during ion bombardment, for example. It should be noted that the sprayed quartz results in no loose pieces and also the shape and density of the quartz coating can be optimized for a specific container. A molten quartz spray is a very clean and glazed process. Interior surface  33  is exposed in those portions where the quartz layer  44  is not present on the quartz body  42 . In generally, quartz layer  44  may also be implemented by materials other than quartz wherein the material contains silicon, oxygen and an element different from silicon and oxygen. 
     Illustrated in FIG. 4 is a horizontal CVD furnace  50  used in a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) process in the manufacture of semiconductors. A container  52  houses a quartz wafer holding boat  54  that contains a plurality of semiconductor wafers, such as wafer  56 . The quartz wafer holding boat  54  is positioned on a cantilever  58 . Positioned on the cantilever  58  at either end of the quartz wafer holding boat  54  are quartz baffles  59  and  60 . Quartz wafer holding boat  54  is inserted into container  52  via a door  62 . The cantilever  58  extends in the container  52  through door  62 . Gear box  63  drives a worm drive  64  that functions to insert and remove the quartz wafer holding boat  54  from container  52 . A process gas tank  66  is connected to container  52  for providing process gases. An exhaust vent is connected to an exhaust tank  68  for holding exhaust gases. 
     In operation, it is desired that quartz wafer holding boat  54  and baffles  59  and  60  have exterior surfaces thereof roughened to provide more surface area for trapping particles that are deposited on the wafers in the quartz wafer holding boat  54 . The roughened surfaces function as an assist mechanism to assist in the processing of the plurality of wafers. It should be understood that quartz baffles  59 ,  60  and quartz wafer holding boat  54  may be formed of other materials, such as any quartz-like material having silicon, oxygen and an element different from silicon and oxygen. Again, in one form, a roughness in the range of 150 nm to 500 nm or greater may be used. Significant maintenance cost savings and yield enhancement are obtained by using the surface roughening process to enhance wafer holding boat  54  and baffles  59  and  60 . 
     By now it should be appreciated that there has been provided a semiconductor manufacturing process related to the treating of an inside surface of a container used in the process. By spraying a glass layer or molten quartz onto a glass enclosure or a quartz enclosure to create higher surface area without the need to grit blast or bead blast silica, reduced down time of the equipment for container conditioning is required. The sprayed-on layer of quartz is an inexpensive manufacturing step compared to the savings realized by its benefits. An increase in the enclosure&#39;s use is derived as well as obtaining cleaner in-film processing having fewer defects. The surface roughness process taught herein increases production time and reduces maintenance costs when manufacturing semiconductors. 
     Because the apparatus implementing the present invention is, for the most part, composed of electronic components and circuits known to those skilled in the art, circuit details will not be explained in any greater extent than that considered necessary as illustrated above, for the understanding and appreciation of the underlying concepts of the present invention and in order not to obfuscate or distract from the teachings of the present invention. 
     In the foregoing specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, one of ordinary skill in the art appreciates that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. For example, an interior surface of any type of container may be roughened in lieu of grit blasting. In addition to spraying quartz, other materials such as a transparent plasma be used. Various processing of a wafer in a semiconductor may be performed using the present invention, such as sputter cleaning a semiconductor wafer. Accordingly, the specification and figures are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. 
     Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above with regard to specific embodiments. However, the benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any element(s) that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as a critical, required, or essential feature or element of any or all the claims. As used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.