Abstract:
This invention provides a display panel characterized by having a substrate; an organic film having an irregular surface formed on the substrate; a reflective film formed on the irregular surface of the organic film; and a pixel electrode having a portion, at least the portion of the pixel electrode being overlapped with the reflective film.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION  
       [0001]     This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from the prior Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-272908, filed Sep. 21, 2004, the entire contents of which is incorporated herein by reference.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002]     1. Field of the Invention  
         [0003]     The present invention relates to a display panel having a reflective layer and accompanying manufacturing method.  
         [0004]     2. Description of the Related Art  
         [0005]     In general, there are two types of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) known as a transmission type and a reflection type. A transmission type has a structure which displays light from a backlight arranged in the back surface side of the LCD panel that permeates the LCD panel and is easily viewable in a dark place. A reflection type has a structure which displays ambient light from the exterior to the inner part of the LCD panel that is reflected by a reflective layer arranged in the back surface side of the LCD panel and is easily viewable in a bright place. In order to realize an LCD panel which is easily viewable in bright as well as dark places, a semi-transmissive type (dual function transmission type and reflection type) LCD panel has been proposed. This is commonly known as a transflective LCD which has a structure that alternately acts as a transmission type and a reflection type LCD panel. When forming the reflective layer in the inner part of the LCD panel, because light from the exterior is not scattered (dispersed) by the reflective layer and light with high luminosity (brightness) is reflected in a specific direction, the display periphery becomes invisible. For this reason, generally, minute irregularities, composed of a number of convex and concave, are formed on the reflective layer surface. A reflection type LCD display panel which has a reflective layer with minute irregularities has been disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open (Kokai) Patent Application No. 2004-020688 titled “DISPLAY DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME.” In the LCD panel described in this conventional prior art reference, a flat reflective layer composed of aluminum is formed on the upper surface of a glass substrate, an insulating film is formed on the upper surface of the glass substrate containing the reflective layer, a plurality of cross-sectional inverted trapezoid-shaped through holes with inclined surfaces are formed in the portion corresponding to the reflective layer of the insulating film and pixel electrodes composed of Indium-Tin-Oxide (ITO) having irregular surfaces follow the irregular surface of the insulating film containing the through holes with inclined surfaces and are formed in the upper surface of the insulating film containing the through holes with inclined surfaces.  
         [0006]     Also, as for the LCD devices of the above-mentioned configuration, the flat reflective layer literally has only a light reflection function. Because the pixel electrodes follow the irregular surface of the insulating film containing the through holes with inclined surfaces and are formed in irregular shapes, light scattering functionality is exhibited by refraction in this portion and scatter reflections of outside light (ambient light) are performed as an integral whole.  
         [0007]     However, in the LCD devices of the above-described configuration, because light scattering functionality is exhibited by refraction of the pixel electrodes which are composed of ITO and formed in irregular shapes, scattering is minor. Also, because the inclined angle of the through holes with inclined surfaces is uniform, reflected light becomes regular reflectance. Thus, there is a problem that sufficient light scattering reflection is not obtained.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0008]     The present invention has been made in view of the problem mentioned above. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a display panel having sufficient light scattering reflective functionality and accompanying manufacturing method.  
         [0009]     In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the display panel of the present invention is characterized by comprising a substrate; an organic film having an irregular surface formed on the substrate; a reflective film formed on the irregular surface of the organic film; and a pixel electrode having a portion, at least, the portion of the pixel electrode being overlapped with the reflective film.  
         [0010]     Also, the manufacturing method of the display panel of the present invention is characterized by comprising preparing a substrate which has one surface; preparing an organic film which has irregularities on one surface; transferring the organic film on said one surface of the substrate so that said one surface of the organic film is faced upward; forming a reflective film on said one surface of the organic film; and forming a transparent pixel electrode having a portion so that at least the portion is overlapped with the reflective film.  
         [0011]     The above and further objects and novel features of the present invention will more fully appear from the following detailed description when the same is read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0012]      FIG. 1  is a cross-sectional plan view of the substantial part of a semi-transmissive reflection type LCD device on an active matrix substrate for the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0013]      FIG. 2  is a permeation top view diagram of the thin film transistor substrate side in the LCD device shown in  FIG. 1 ;  
         [0014]      FIG. 3  is a similar cross-sectional plan view as  FIG. 1  of the LCD device for the second preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0015]      FIG. 4  is a similar cross-sectional plan view as  FIG. 1  of the LCD device for the third preferred embodiment of the present invention; and  
         [0016]      FIG. 5  is a similar cross-sectional plan view as  FIG. 1  of the LCD device for the fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0017]     Hereinafter, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.  
       First Preferred Embodiment  
       [0018]      FIG. 1  is a cross-sectional plan view of the substantial part of a semi-transmissive reflection type LCD device on an active matrix substrate for the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 2  is a permeation top view diagram of the thin film transistor substrate side in the LCD device shown in  FIG. 1 . In this case,  FIG. 1  is a cross-sectional plan view corresponding to the portion following along the IA-IA line of  FIG. 2 . This LCD device is comprised with a thin film transistor substrate  1  and an opposing substrate  31  which are composed of a glass substrate, etc.  
         [0019]     Initially, with reference to  FIG. 2 , the thin film transistor substrate  1  side will be explained. A scanning line  2  and a data line  3  are formed in matrix form on the upper surface side (opposing substrate  31  side and the opposing inner surface side) of the thin film transistor substrate  1 . A thin film transistor  4 , a pixel electrode  5  and a reflective film  6  are formed near each of the intersections. Further, a substantially lattice-shaped (grid) auxiliary capacitance electrode  7  is formed parallel to the scanning line  2  and the data line  3 . Here, diagonal short solid line hatching is filled in on the edges of the pixel electrode  5  in order to clarify  FIG. 2 .  
         [0020]     In this case, substantially the right half of the pixel electrode  5  constitutes the pixel electrode  5   a  for transmission (transmissive section) and substantially the left half constitutes the pixel electrode  5   b  for reflection (reflective section). The four side sections of the pixel electrode  5  are arranged on the periphery overlapping the substantially lattice-shaped auxiliary capacitance electrode  7 . The pixel electrode  5   b  for reflection is arranged on the upper side of the reflective film  6 . Accordingly, in the pixel electrode  5 , the area excluding the reflective film  6  formation area and the auxiliary capacitance electrode  7  formation area is essentially a pixel (picture element) region for transmission. Specifically, in the pixel electrode section  5   a , the area except for the auxiliary capacitance electrode  7  formation area is essentially a pixel region for transmission. The area corresponding to the reflective film  6  is a pixel region for reflection.  
         [0021]     The auxiliary capacitance electrode  7  is substantially lattice-shaped and composed of a first auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   a  which overlaps with the data line  3 , a second auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   b  which overlaps with the scanning line  2  and a third auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   c  which overlaps with the thin film transistor  4 . In this case, although explained later, the auxiliary capacitance electrode  7  is formed on a separate layer from the scanning line  2 . In particular, the first auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   a  is placed in the thickness direction, in other words, in the vertical direction space of  FIG. 2  between the data line  3  and the pixel electrode  5  via an insulating film, respectively.  
         [0022]     Also, the width of the first auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   a  is to some extent larger than the width of the data line  3 . Accordingly, even if the first auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   a  has a positional gap in the direction which intersects with the data line  3 , the data line  3  is definitely covered so that the data line  3  does not directly oppose the pixel electrode  5 . Further, the first auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   a  placement extends substantially over the entire layout area of the data line  3 . Accordingly, even if the first auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   a  has a positional gap in the direction paralleling the data line  3  to the pixel electrode  5 , the first auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   a  definitely overlaps with the left and right side sections of the pixel electrode  5  and fluctuation of the auxiliary capacitance electrode  7  due to the alignment gap of a particular orientation is reliably prevented.  
         [0023]     The width of the second auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   b  is to some extent larger than the width of the scanning line  3 . Accordingly, even if the second auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   b  has a positional gap in the direction which intersects with the scanning line  2 , the second auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   b  definitely overlaps with the scanning line  2 . Further, the second auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   b  placement extends substantially over the entire layout area of the scanning line  2 . Accordingly, even if the second auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   b  has a positional gap in the direction paralleling the scanning line  2  to the pixel electrode  5 , the second auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   b  definitely overlaps with the top and bottom side sections of the pixel electrode  5  and fluctuation of the auxiliary capacitance electrode  7  due to the alignment gap of a particular orientation is reliably prevented.  
         [0024]     The third auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   c  and the reflective film  6  are formed so that the thin film transistor  4  is covered. This reliably prevents incidence of outside light (ambient light) to the thin film transistor  4 . Furthermore, because the third auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   c  covers the lattice-shaped auxiliary capacitance electrode  7  and the reflective film  6 , excluding the pixel region essential for permeation of the pixel electrode  5 , it is not necessary to provide a black mask for light leakage prevention in the opposing substrate  31  described later and the open area ratio can be enlarged.  
         [0025]     Next, the detailed structure of this LCD device will be explained with reference to  FIG. 1 . The scanning line (refer to  FIG. 2 ) containing a gate electrode  11  composed of chromium, molybdenum, etc., is formed in a predetermined place on the upper surface of the thin film transistor substrate  1 . A gate insulating film  12  composed of silicon nitride is formed on the upper surface of the thin film transistor substrate  1  containing the gate electrode  11  and the scanning line  2 .  
         [0026]     A semiconductor thin film  13  composed of intrinsic amorphous silicon is formed in a predetermined place on the upper surface of the gate insulating film  12  above the gate electrode  11 . A channel protective film  14  composed of silicon nitride is formed in a predetermined place on the upper surface of the semiconductor thin film  13  above the gate electrode  11 . An ohmic contact layer  15 ,  16  composed of n-type amorphous silicon is formed at each upper surface side of the channel protective film  14  and both of these sides are on the upper surface of the semiconductor film  13 . The source-drain electrode  17  and  18 , respectively, composed of chromium, molybdenum, etc., are formed on the upper surface of the ohmic contact layer  15 ,  16  sides. In this manner, the thin film transistor  4  is constituted by the gate electrode  11 , the gate insulating film  12 , the semiconductor film  13 , the channel protective film  14 , the ohmic contact layer  15  and  16  sides and the source-drain electrode  17  and  18 , respectively.  
         [0027]     The data line  3  is formed in a predetermined place on the upper surface of the gate insulating film  12 . In this case, the data line  3  has a three layer structure sequentially from the lower part of an intrinsic amorphous silicon layer  3   a , an n-type amorphous silicon layer  3   b  and a metal layer  3   c  composed of chromium, molybdenum, etc. Also, the intrinsic amorphous silicon layer  3   a , the n-type amorphous silicon layer  3   b  and the metal layer  3   c  are connected to the semiconductor thin film  13 , the ohmic contact layer  16  and the source-drain electrode  18  in the formation areas of the source-drain electrode  18 .  
         [0028]     A passivating insulating film  19  composed of silicon nitride is formed on the upper surface of the gate insulating film  12  containing the thin film transistor  4  and the data line  3 . The auxiliary capacitance electrode  7  ( 7   a ,  7   b ,  7   c ) composed of chromium, molybdenum, etc., is formed in predetermined places on the upper surface of the passivating insulating film  19 . An overcoat film  20  composed of silicon nitride is formed on the upper surface of the passivating insulating film  19  containing the auxiliary capacitance electrode  7 . A contact hole  21  is formed in the passivating insulating film  19  and the overcoat film  20  above the source-drain electrode  17  side.  
         [0029]     In the reflective film  6  formation area on the upper surface of the overcoat film  20 , a gap control film  22  (organic film) composed of organic material, for example, epoxy resin, polyimide resin, etc., is provided so that the surface has an irregular surface structure. On this irregular surface of the reflective film  6 , an insulating film  23  composed of natural oxide film or an oxidation treated film (oxide treatment), etc., is formed having an irregular surface and follows the above-mentioned irregular surface.  
         [0030]     The pixel electrode  5  composed of ITO is formed in a predetermined place on the upper surface of the overcoat film  20  containing the insulating film  23  and connected to the source-drain electrode  17  via the contact hole  21 . In this case, the pixel electrode  5  formed on the upper surface of the insulating film  23  constitutes an irregular shape and follows the irregular surface of the insulating film  23 . The pixel electrode  5  and the reflective film  6  are electrically insulated by the insulating film  23  which intervenes between them. A columnar spacer  24  composed of resin, etc., is formed in a predetermined place on the upper surface of the pixel electrode  5  that is formed on the upper surface of the insulation film  23 .  
         [0031]     Next, the formation method of the gap control film  22  irregular surface will be explained.  
         [0032]     First, in the irregular surface form which is produced as an uneven surface, the film for gap control film formation is composed of organic material, for example, epoxy resin, polyimide resin, etc., and formed by a printing method, a spin coating method, a die coating method, etc., so that the upper surface is flat. Next, reversed in an upside down style, the film for gap control film formation is transferred onto the upper surface of the overcoat film  20  as shown in  FIG. 1 . Subsequently, when this transferred film for gap control formation is patterned by a photo lithographic process, as seen in  FIG. 1 , the gap control film  22  with an irregular surface will be formed.  
         [0033]     Here, although the irregular surface of the gap control film  22  in  FIG. 1  is shown with a substantially uniform angle of inclination (gradient) and depth, the irregular surface shape, for example, can be formed by a thermocompression bonding method while rotating a roller which has irregularity over the resin film. Consequently, this effect is achievable by suitably varying the angle of inclination and depth of an irregular roller to produce a random angle of inclination and depth of irregular (uneven) form. Thus, random irregularity of the angle of inclination and depth can be formed in the surface of the film for gap control film formation and filled in this form, namely, the surface of the gap control film  22 .  
         [0034]     As other formation methods, in the upper surface of the overcoat film  20  as shown in  FIG. 1 , the film for gap control film formation is composed of organic material, for example, epoxy resin, polyimide resin, etc., and formed by a printing method, a spin coating method, a die coating method, etc., so that the upper surface is flat. Next, the film for gap control film formation is half-hardened. Then, irregularity is produced by rolling a heated roller with an irregular surface on the upper surface of the film for gap control film formation in a half-hardened state. Subsequently, when this transferred film for gap control formation is patterned by a photo lithographic process, as seen in  FIG. 1 , the gap control film  22  with an irregular surface will be formed.  
         [0035]     Additionally, in the irregular surface of the gap control film  22  as seen in  FIG. 1 , although the angle of inclination to the upper surface (horizontal plane) is shown as more than 60 degrees, this is due to the circumstances of the drawing. In reality, in order to vertically reflect light which has entered an LCD device, it is preferable for the angle of inclination toward the upper surface to contain many angles of about 5 degrees˜20 degrees.  
         [0036]     In order to form the reflective film  6  above the gap control film  22 , generally, the film for reflective film formation above the gap control film  22  is formed by a sputtering technique and made into the desired shape by a photo lithographic technique. Next, the insulating film  23  is formed above the reflective film  6 , ITO is formed on the entire surface by sputtering and the pixel electrode  5  is formed using a photo lithographic technique. Here, in the case where an aluminum-based metal is used as a film for the reflective film formation, because a natural oxide film will be formed on the surface when the film for reflective film formation is formed by sputtering, it becomes unnecessary to form the insulating film  23  as a separate process. In the case of forming the insulating film  23  as a separate process, what is necessary is to form a silicon oxide film or silicon nitride film by CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) or sputtering and pattern by etching, etc.  
         [0037]     On the other hand, a red, green, blue color filter  32  composed of resin is formed in the lower surface of the opposing substrate  31  (thin film transistor substrate  1  and the opposing inner surface side). A counter electrode  33  composed of transparent conductive material, for example, ITO, etc., is formed on the lower surface of the color filter  32 . Also, within the thin film transistor substrate  1  and the opposing substrate  31 , a columnar spacer  24  is formed above the pixel electrode  5  and stacked layer above the gap control film  22 . The columnar spacer  24  and the gap control film  22  (pixel electrode  5 , reflective film  6  and insulating film  23  are included) serve as the gap member and are mutually bonded together with a sealant (not shown). Also, liquid crystal  34  is filled in between both substrates  1  and  31  of the inner side sealant.  
         [0038]     When using the LCD device of the above-mentioned configuration as a transmission type, upon lighting the backlight (not shown) arranged on the lower surface side of the thin film transistor substrate  1 , the pixel transmissive region of the light from backlight is essentially among the thin film transistor substrate  1 , the gate insulating film  12 , the passivating insulating film  19 , the overcoat film  20  and the pixel electrode  5 , which exits toward the upper surface side of the opposing substrate  31  permeating the liquid crystal  34 , the counter electrode  33 , the color filter  32  and the opposing substrate  31  to perform display.  
         [0039]     On the contrary, when using the LCD device of the above-mentioned configuration as a reflection type, lighting from a backlight is not used. Instead, outdoor light (ambient light) that enters from the upper surface side of the opposing substrate  31  permeates the opposing substrate  31 , the color filter  32 , the counter electrode  33 , the liquid crystal  34 , the pixel electrode  5  and the insulating film  23 , which is reflected with the reflective film  6 . This reflected light exits toward the upper surface side of the opposing substrate  31  through the reverse light path mentioned above and accordingly displays.  
         [0040]     In this case, because the reflective film  6  is formed so as to have an irregular surface which follows the irregular surface of the gap control film  22  and due to the aluminum-based metal, scattering is significant on this irregular surface and a light scattering reflective function with anisotropy is exhibited. Furthermore, the gap between the reflective film  6  and the counter electrode  33  is ⅓˜⅔ of the gap between the pixel region for substantial permeation of the pixel electrode  5  and the counter electrode  33  according to the film thickness of the gap control film  22  below the reflective film  6 . Preferably, when established at about ½, a multi-gap structure can be assumed to constitute the most optimum design for both a reflection factor and transmission factor.  
         [0041]     Apart from that, in the LCD device of the above-mentioned configuration, the pixel electrode  5  and the reflective film  6  are electrically insulated by the insulating film  23  which intervenes between them. Therefore, when forming the pixel electrode  5  composed of ITO by a photo lithographic process after forming the insulating film  23  composed of natural oxide film or oxidation treated film, etc., on the surface of the reflective film  6  composed of an aluminum-based metal, cell reaction can be prevented from generating between the pixel electrode  5  composed of ITO and the reflective film  6  composed of an aluminum-based metal.  
         [0042]     Furthermore, in the LCD device of the above-mentioned configuration, the first auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   a  has a shape which is wider than the width of the data line  3  formed between the data line  3  and the pixel electrode  5 . Accordingly, this first auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   a  prevents coupling capacitance from being produced between the data line  3  and the pixel electrode  5 . Thus, vertical cross talk is not be generated, which enhances the display properties.  
       Second Preferred Embodiment  
       [0043]      FIG. 3  is a similar cross-sectional plan view as  FIG. 1  of the LCD device for the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this LCD device, the difference from the case shown in  FIG. 1  is that a thin insulating film  25  composed of inorganic material, for example, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, etc., is formed on the upper surface of the overcoat film  20  containing the reflective film  6  and the gap control film  22  instead of the insulating film  23 . In this case, because of its thinness, the insulating film  25  follows along the irregular surface of the reflective film  6  in their regularly shaped form. Furthermore, the pixel electrode  5  is connected to the source-drain electrode  17  via the contact hole  21  provided in the insulating film  25 , the overcoat film  20  and the passivating insulating film  19 .  
       Third Preferred Embodiment  
       [0044]      FIG. 4  is a similar cross-sectional plan view as  FIG. 1  of the LCD device for the third preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this LCD device, the most significant differences from the case shown in  FIG. 1  are that a surface irregular film  26  composed of organic material, for example, epoxy resin, polyimide resin, etc., is formed on the upper surface of the overcoat film  20 . The reflective film  6  which has an irregular surface follows this irregular surface formed in the irregular surface of the surface irregular film  26 . The insulating film  23  which has an irregular surface follows this irregular surface formed in the irregular surface of the reflective film  6 . The pixel electrode  5  which has an irregular surface follows this irregular surface formed in the irregular surface of the surface irregular film  26  containing the insulating film  23 .  
         [0045]     In this case, the pixel electrode  5  is connected to the source-drain electrode  17  via the contact hole  21  provided in the surface irregular film  26 , the overcoat film  20  and the passivating insulating film  19 . Furthermore, a transparent gap control film  35  composed of transparent organic material, for example, epoxy resin, polyimide resin, etc., is formed on the lower surface of the counter electrode  33  in the portion which opposes the reflective film  6 . In addition, there is sufficient insulation between the pixel electrode  5  and the auxiliary capacitance electrode  7  by the surface irregular film  26 . The overcoat film  20  may be thinner or the overcoat film  20  may be omitted.  
       Fourth Preferred Embodiment  
       [0046]     In each of the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, although the cases where an amorphous silicon thin film transistor  4  have been explained, the present invention can also be applied to a polysilicon thin film transistor. Next, with reference to  FIG. 5  which is a similar cross-sectional plan view as  FIG. 1 , an LCD device provided with a polysilicon thin film transistor for the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be explained.  
         [0047]     As seen in  FIG. 5 , a second base insulating film  42  composed of a first base insulating film  41  composed of silicon oxide and a second base insulating film  42  composed of silicon nitride are formed on the upper surface of the thin film transistor substrate  1 . A semiconductor thin film  43  composed of polysilicon is formed in a predetermined place on the upper surface of the second base insulating film  42 . In this case, the central part of the semiconductor thin film  43   a  is the channel region composed of an intrinsic region and on either side is a source region  43   b  and a drain region  43   c , respectively, composed of n-type impurity implant areas.  
         [0048]     The gate insulating film  12  composed of silicon nitride is formed in the upper surface of the second base insulating film  42  containing the semiconductor thin film  43 . The gate electrode  11  composed of chromium, molybdenum, etc., is formed in a predetermined place on the upper surface of the gate insulating film  12  above the channel region  43   a . Additionally, the scanning line (not shown) composed of chromium, molybdenum, etc., is formed in a predetermined place on the upper surface of the gate insulating film  12  and connected to the gate electrode  11 .  
         [0049]     A first passivating insulating film  44  composed of silicon nitride is formed on the upper surface of the gate insulating film  12  containing the gate electrode  11 , etc. A contact hole  45 ,  46  is provided in the gate insulating film  12  and the first passivating insulating film  44  above the source region  43   b  and the drain region  43   c.    
         [0050]     The source-drain electrode  17 ,  18  composed of chromium, molybdenum, etc., are formed in predetermined places on the upper surface of the first passivating insulating film  44  and connected to the source region  43   b  and the drain region  43   c  via the contact hole  45 ,  46 , respectively. The data line  3  composed of chromium, molybdenum, etc., is formed in a predetermined place on the upper surface of the first passivating insulating film  44  and connected to the source-drain electrode  18 .  
         [0051]     In this manner, the thin film transistor  4  is constituted by the semiconductor thin film  43 , the gate insulating film  12 , the gate electrode  11 , the first passivating insulating film  44 , the contact hole  45 ,  46  and the source-drain electrode  17 ,  18 , respectively.  
         [0052]     The second passivating insulating film  47  composed of silicon nitride is formed on the upper surface of the first passivating insulating film  44  containing the source-drain electrode  17 ,  18  and the data line  3 . The auxiliary capacitance electrode  7  composed of chromium, molybdenum, etc., is formed in predetermined places on the upper surface of the second passivating insulating film  47 . The overcoat film composed of silicon nitride is formed on the upper surface of the second passivating insulating film  47  containing the auxiliary capacitance electrode  7 . The contact hole  21  is provided in the second insulating film  47  and the overcoat film  20  above the source-drain electrode  17 .  
         [0053]     In the reflective film  6  formation area on the upper surface of the overcoat film  20 , a gap control film  22  composed of organic material, for example, epoxy resin, polyimide resin, etc., is provided so that the surface has an irregular surface structure. On the irregular surface of the gap control film  22 , the reflective film composed of an aluminum-based metal is formed having an irregular surface and follows this irregular surface. On this irregular surface of the reflective film  6 , an insulating film  23  composed of natural oxide film or an oxidation treated film (oxide treatment), etc., is formed having an irregular surface and follows the above-mentioned irregular surface. The pixel electrode  5  composed of ITO is formed in a predetermined place on the upper surface of the overcoat film  20  containing the insulating film  23  and connected to the source-drain electrode  17  via the contact hole  21 . In this case, the pixel electrode  5  formed on the upper surface of the insulating film  23  constitutes an irregular shape which follows the irregular surface of the insulating film  23 .  
       Other Preferred Embodiments  
       [0054]     In the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, although the reflective film  6  and the pixel electrode  5  are polymerized and formed above the gap control film  22  (organic film), it may also be possible to form the reflective film  6  not in this sequence, but above the pixel electrode  5 . In this case, it is not necessary to insulate the reflective film  6  and the pixel electrode  5 , as well as may also have electrical continuity. Also, a columnar spacer  24  can be formed in other areas other than above the gap control film  22 .  
         [0055]     Furthermore, although explained in the case of the pixel electrode  5  (and the reflective film  6 ) being formed in a stripe pixel array configuration linearly arranged (straight line) in a column direction with the data line  3  and the first auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   a  linearly arranged in a column direction between the pixel electrode  5 , it is also practicable to apply what is called a delta pixel array in which the pixel electrode  5  is shifted a half-pitch in every row. In that case, the data line  3  and the first auxiliary capacitance electrode section  7   a  is formed in a zigzag configuration in which the pixel electrode  5  is extended by a half-pitch in parallel with the scanning line  2  in between each row of the pixel electrode  5 . Furthermore, although a thin film transistor is used as a switching element, another type of switching element can be applied, such as a diode, etc.  
         [0056]     According to the present invention, the reflective film is formed above the organic film which has an irregular surface and the pixel electrode is formed with at least the portion above this reflective film polymerized. In this manner, the irregular reflective film surface which is irregular follows along with the irregular surface of the organic film. Accordingly, this design has a sufficient light scattering function for reflection by the reflective film.  
         [0057]     While the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is intended that the invention be not limited by any of the details of the description therein but includes all the embodiments which fall within the scope of the appended claims.