Abstract:
A method, programmed medium and system are disclosed which provide increased secure tracking of materials and products through the use of a unique coding scheme. The coding scheme contains a unique security code identifier issued by a sole certification agency, and includes a non-coded scheme for public information, and a coded scheme for private information regarding the sourcing and development of materials and products. The disclosure provides for full tracking of a product throughout the supply chain by only certified participants. The disclosed system allows for increased secure tracking of materials and products, and allows for access to greater amounts of information at various stages of manufacture and/or assembly regarding a given material or product.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates generally to information processing systems and more particularly to a methodology and implementations for enabling the tracking of product development and assembly from parts to end-products. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     There is an ever increasing need to accurately track materials and products and be able to access related data throughout the material or product&#39;s useful life. With globalization, the tracking of materials and products now faces ever-increasing threats of fraud and a new method and/or process of combating this threat is needed. In addition, there is a growing social consciousness interested in all aspects of information regarding a material and product. For example, such aspects may include environmental impact, origin of material and product, and risk factors related to materials and products. Many industries have been actively attempting to combat source or authenticity fraud (such as electronic components, clothing, food, etc.), but with limited success. Many governments have great interest in food risk management, accuracy of the tracking of food sources and preventing needless sickness and death when a quality problem exists with in the food supply chain. 
     Accordingly, there is a need to provide an improved product tracking system and methodology in order to address the above-noted concerns. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     A method, programmed medium and system are disclosed which provide increased secure tracking of materials and products through the use of a unique coding scheme. The coding scheme contains a unique security code identifier issued by a sole certification agency, and includes a non-coded scheme for public information, and a coded scheme for private information regarding the sourcing and development of materials and products. The disclosure provides for full tracking of a product throughout the supply chain by only certified participants. The disclosed system allows for increased secure tracking of materials and products, and allows for access to greater amounts of information at various stages of manufacture and/or assembly regarding a given material or product. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       A better understanding of the present invention can be obtained when the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment is considered in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is an illustration of one embodiment of a system in which the present invention may be implemented; 
         FIG. 2  is an illustration of a network implementation of the disclosed system; 
         FIG. 3  is an illustration of an exemplary product tracking data code; 
         FIG. 4  is an illustration showing an access sequence for accessing the product tracking database; 
         FIG. 5  is an illustration showing a supply chain interface with a Certification Agency containing a product tracking database; and 
         FIG. 6  is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary sequence of operations in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The various methods discussed herein may be implemented within a computer system which includes, inter alia, processing means, memory, storage means, input means, display means and an operating system and a windows management unit. Since the individual components of a computer system which may be used to implement the functions used in practicing the present invention are generally known in the art and composed of electronic components and circuits which are also generally known to those skilled in the art, circuit details beyond those shown are not specified to any greater extent than that considered necessary as illustrated, for the understanding and appreciation of the underlying concepts of the present invention and in order not to obfuscate or distract from the teachings of the present invention. Although the invention is illustrated in the context of a personal computer system, it is understood that disclosed methodology may also be applied in a more extensive network system as well as in many other available and future devices and systems such as cell phones and personal wireless and other hand-held devices, including any input device, including touch-sensitive screens or touch-sensitive input pads, to achieve the beneficial functional features described herein. 
     The present invention allows for increased secure tracking of materials and products. A secure coding scheme is created through all parties in the supply chain receiving certification to a standard created and maintained by a sole certification agency. A coding scheme includes a security code assigned by the certification agency to a specific lot of material or product. The code can be used with any industry standard labeling scheme such as 2D or 3D bar codes, RFID, micro-dot etc. For products made of multiple materials, this process can be repeated for each material used in a product. The coding scheme consists of two concatenated parts. The first part of codes identify open information such as: Country of Origin; Commodity; Expiration Date; etc. This information would be publicly readable though open definitions provided the certification agency. The second part of the concatonated code is an encrypted unique product identifier, used to control access to that product&#39;s secure data such as: Manufacturer/Supplier; Date Code; Lot Code; Quantity; Current Owners of Inventory; Owner Inventory Quantity; etc. 
     Throughout the supply chain only certified participants add information to a central database maintained by the certification agency. Secure login and encryption protects the integrity of the data entered into the database from valid data providers (the true/original data source), which improves and assures data integrity. Public data is available to all parties and does not require certification to read the public data. As material moves along the supply chain the last possession of the material or product is tracked and this will help defray fraud by having full traceability within the supply chain with the unique security code. Data continues to be added to the public and secure databases during a material and products useful life. After useful life (varies by commodity) a code may be re-used for efficiency, to a very different commodity (ex. food commodity to electronic component commodity) to combat fraud. A distinctive identity can be used by certified participants to identify materials and products that flow through this more secure data system. Value Added Service providers are enabled to access the public data to provide real time information to retailers and consumers during product selection and sale. For example a retailer can dynamically display information on a material or products life within the supply chain including information which is becoming increasingly used by consumers in material and product selection (source of material, related environmental information, shipping method, age etc.) and other related information made available though Value Added Service producers or the original Sources for things such as nutrition information for food products or independent product ratings from consumer groups for electronic products. Consumers are enabled to choose products with lower risks of allergic reactions by getting detailed data on a foods contents or fertilizers or pesticides used to grow the food. Detailed information of organic foods or locally produced foods can be made available to consumers. Once an electronic component lot has been consumed at a card assembler, this information is logged back to the database to indicate that this lot of product would be considered fraudulent if the database was checked during a potential sales traction of the same product with an “expired” (out of useful life) security code. This process effectively combats the sale of fraudulent electronic and other components and products since labels would no longer have a valid security code and could be stopped upon checking with the authentic product tracking database. 
     Secure information is useful for governments monitoring of safety issues within the supply chain. Consumers could notify the government of safety issues which would link back immediately to a “Sources” manufacturing lot. Government warning could go directly to the whole supply chain since information regarding who acquired the material or product will have been logged in to the secure portion of the tracking database. Secure data can be accessed by those meeting the certification requirements with a valid need to know. Quarantining defective or dangerous material or products can be achieved more quickly since the location of suspect material will be contained within the tracking data base. This process also prevents the spread of suspect material by preventing the next level of supply chain transaction (e.g. halt the sale from a distributor to retailer, or from retailer to the consumer) because the code is read during each transaction across the supply chain. In the present disclosure, the term “Pedigree” and/or “ePedigree” is used to refer to a certified central database containing product tracking data information including, inter alia, country of origin, commodity, expiration date, manufacturer/suppliers, date codes, lot codes, quantity, current owners of inventory and owner inventory quantity. Although the disclosed exemplary embodiment discusses only a single Pedigree server and site, it is understood that the Pedigree database may be contained in one or more, or a series of servers and server sites which may be accessed by authorized personnel. 
     With reference to the drawings,  FIG. 1  illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a computer system in which the present invention may be implemented. As shown, a processor system  101 , which may include one or more processors, is connected to a main bus  103 . The main bus  103  is also coupled to, inter alia, system memory  106 . A local storage system  108 , a media input system  109 , a network access system  111  and a user input interface  117  are also connected to the main bus  103 . The user input interface  117  is arranged to receive user inputs from a keyboard or keypad or softkey device  113  or a pointer device  115  such as a mouse. The main bus  103  is also connected to a display system  119 . The input and/or display system may also comprise a touch-sensitive screen or optically-sensitive input pad (not shown). The exemplary system illustrated may also includes a printer device  121 , which may be remotely located  120  from the other system components. The computer system shown in  FIG. 1  may be implemented in a central server system in which case the storage system  108  contains the Pedigree database. The  FIG. 1  system may also be implemented in a pad or laptop computer device, or a mobile computer device which may be used to access the main Pedigree server and Pedigree database to enter and/or display and/or retrieve product tracking data. 
     In  FIG. 2 , there is shown a network configuration for an exemplary implementation of the present invention. As shown, a product tracking (PT) and certification server  201  is accessible through an interconnection network  203 , for example the Internet, by various computer systems, including, but not limited to, computer systems belonging to various product or parts sources  205 , shipping operations  207 , retail establishments  209 , consumers  211  and disposal operations  213 . The PT server  201  is accessible, for example, by the various parts and sub-systems suppliers and assemblers for hardware products, as well as by code contributors for software or computer products, and also by food processing operations at all stages. For example, for food processing operations, the product tracking database would contain the end food product as well as the date and location of harvesting, packaging and shipping for the final food product, and also for the food product components where appropriate. As noted earlier, not all of the enterprises taking part in providing a final product would have access to all of the information contained in the PT database. For example, some of the information may be considered proprietary or confidential information of the supplier of the information. Such sensitive information would be stored in a secure portion of the PT database and made available only to authorized individuals and enterprises. 
     An exemplary PT data code is illustrated in  FIG. 3 . As shown, the PT code  301  is a concatenation of two types of codes, a public data code  303  containing PT data available to the public, and also a unique security code  305  containing coded data which is not available to the public. Both the public data  303  and the secure data  305  are made up of a series of segments as shown, with each segment containing a different data type. For example, the public data code  303  would contain segments to identify country of origin, commodity type, expiration date, etc., for products in the product tracking database. The secure data codes  305  would contain segments to identify, for example, inter alfa, manufacturer/supplier, date code, lot code, quantity, current owners of inventory, owner inventory quantity, etc. Each product in the PT database has its own PT data code including both public and secure segments, and, subject to security processing as hereinafter explained, all PT code segments are searchable to locate particular products of interest. 
       FIG. 4  shows an exemplary flow path for accessing information contained in the PT database when the product tracking code is known. In one example, an enterprise  401  may access the PT database  403  through a controlled access operation  405  by inputting  407  the enterprise ID, the enterprise pass word (PW) and the tracking code (TC) which may be read from a product. If the enterprise is authorized  405  to have access to the product tracking information for the particular product associated with the input tracking code, then the permissible data authorized to be accessed by the requesting enterprise is returned  409  to the enterprise. It is noted that not all data may be permitted to be accessed by all enterprises in a supply chain for a given product and access may be based, at least in part, on user or requestor role and assigned access level. For example, a shipper may be authorized to have access to destination, mode of transport, shipment time and place data, but may not be authorized to access product supplier information for any given product. 
       FIG. 5  is an illustration showing an exemplary supply chain  511  for a product, and how each entity in the supply chain may interface with a Certification Agency and Data Storage system  501 . The agency server storage contains Operational Standards, Certification and Audit Compliance provisions  503  as well as the identification standard  505  and respective databases for public data  507  and secure data  509  of the product tracking database. An exemplary supply chain includes a material or product source  513 , a shipping operation  515 , a distribution center  517 , a distribution shipping function  519 , a retail outlet  521 , a consumer  523  and finally a disposal operation  525 . The disposal operation  525  may be, for example, a recycling operation which will input and track products when they are destroyed and/or re-cycled.  FIG. 5  also shows a Government Alert operation  529  through which safety alerts may be received from and sent to suppliers and passed through to the product tracking database and to others accessing the product tracking database. Another entity for after-market or value added services  533  is illustrated to include enhancements to products or complementary products to original equipment manufacturers. In general, when an entity accesses the PT database contained at the Certification Agency server  501 , the requesting agency will input the entity&#39;s ID and Password  527 . The Certification Agency  501  will determine the appropriate security/data access level of the requesting entity and return the requested information as appropriate for the requesting entity. Consumers  523  may not be required to have an ID and Password in order to access the Agency  501  but consumers will have access only to the public portion of the PT database  507 . In general, it is presumed that product safety alerts will be included in the public data records portion  507  for products in the PT database  505 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 6 , an exemplary operational sequence in one implementation of the product tracking system begins when a tracking data request is received  601  by a product data tracking processing system. A determination is made as to whether the received request is for only public data  507  or for secured data  509 . If only public data is requested  603 , search parameters are requested and searched for in the PT database. As noted earlier, such parameters may include only the PT code taken from product packaging or may include one or more of the segment elements of the public data code  303 . A search is conducted of the public data storage  507  and the search results are then sent  607  to the requesting entity. If the initial data request includes a request to access secure data  609 , then the system requests  611  the ID and pass word of the requesting entity when the ID and pass word of the requesting entity is received  613 , a check is made  615  to determine if the security level of the requesting entity is sufficient to permit access to the requested secure data. If the requestor is authorized  617 , then a search for the requested data is conducted  621  and the search results are returned to the requesting entity  623 . If the requesting entity is not authorized to receive the requested data  617 , then an appropriate notice is sent  619  to the requesting entity and the processing ends. 
     The flowchart and block diagrams illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the Figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions. 
     It is understood that the specific example presented herein is not intended to be limiting since the functional combinations disclosed herein may be implemented in many different environments and applications including, for example, applications involving the visualization of business processes and movement of emails, task lists, task list items and other system data components within an overall system data containment environment or application. 
     The method, system and apparatus of the present invention has been described in connection with a preferred embodiment as disclosed herein. The disclosed methodology may be implemented in a wide range of sequences, menus and screen designs to accomplish the desired results as herein illustrated. Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described in detail herein, along with certain variants thereof, many other varied embodiments that incorporate the teachings of the invention may be easily constructed by those skilled in the art, and even included or integrated into a processor or CPU or other larger system integrated circuit or chip. The disclosed methodology may also be implemented solely or partially in program code stored on a computer program product comprising a computer-readable, tangible storage device(s) and computer-readable program instructions stored on the computer-readable, tangible storage device(s) in any media, including any portable or fixed, volatile or non-volatile memory media device, including CDs, RAM and “Flash” memory, or other semiconductor, optical, magnetic or other memory media capable of storing code. The disclosed methodology may also be implemented using any available input and/or display systems including touch-sensitive screens and optically-sensitive input pads. Accordingly, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the specific form set forth herein, but on the contrary, it is intended to cover such alternatives, modifications, and equivalents, as can be reasonably included within the spirit and scope of the invention.