Abstract:
Mud bug, a portable system for propulsion of small boats consisting basically of a carrying frame (10) housing controls for forward and reverse speed, steering, and tilt of a remote mounted outdrive assembly. Control is accomplished through flexible sheathed cables. Adjustable tension provided by (66) and (74) allows the outdrive to tilt when in forward operation if underwater obstruction is encountered, and also provides lift and lock to tilt the outdrive up and free of the water. When operating in reverse, (62) will automatically lock the outdrive down. The carrying frame provides a boom (19) and attachment for mounting the outdrive on boats with unavailable motor mounting. The carrying frame also provides outriggers (14) for stability and a lower rear seat mount. Local adjustment of both the outdrive height and tilt are controlled by the single fastener (54) in the adjustment clamp (53) on the outdrive mount.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
     This invention relates to marine propulsion, specifically a pedal operated device. 
     DISCUSSION OF PRIOR ART 
     The outboard motor is, and will continue to be the choice of most small boat operators for propulsion. 
     Paddles and oars are the common tools for operator powered propulsion of small boats. Operator powered options are provided by prior art which does not conflict with this invention. Prior art referenced in this application: 
     
         ______________________________________U.S. Pat. No.       4,188,719        HoffU.S. Pat. No.       4,604,067        Roberts______________________________________ 
    
     The pedal operated equipment presented in prior patents is either integrated with the design of the boat, is not versatile enough to adapt to differing boat configurations, and will not function well in reverse. They have mechanical reliance on long exposed drive shafts and control rods which hurt their portability and aesthetics. The operator is limited to where he (or she) must sit, in cases facing the rear of the boat creating a potential safety problem. 
     The present invention provides ready portability and versatility toward application. Remote controls featured are superior even to those of many outboard motors: Variable forward and reverse speed control, remote steering, and remote tilt and lock of the outdrive unit. The outdrive unit features: an automatic tilt on encounter with an under water obstruction, an automatic down lock when operating in reverse, and has a single fastener to locally set both height and tilt. Heel supports on the pedals permit the operator to rest his legs in place, and the pedal drive may be used to drive a compressor suitable for airing up inflatables. Even multiple pedal units may be used on the same boat. 
     OBJECTS AND ADVANTAGES 
     The main object of this invention is to provide a pedal powered marine propulsion system that is convenient to use in sports, recreation, competition, or just fun. This apparatus is non-polluting, and will satisfy an environmentally sensitive society. 
     The present invention exhibits advantage over most prior art in its portability. It has a carrying frame which houses all remote function controls. These controls are mechanically connected to the outdrive through three flexible sheathed cables. 
     The present invention exhibits advantage over most prior art in its versatility. The outdrive can be mounted wherever a troll motor can be mounted. Equipment with the present invention will permit use of the outdrive on canoes and inflatable boats. It is also versatile in that the operator may select where on the boat he wishes to place the controls, and could achieve a trim correction of the boat by doing so. Further versatility advantage can be achieved by using multiple units on the same boat. 
     The present invention exhibits advantage over most prior art in its convenient remote control features. The operator can control speed forward and reverse with the pedals, he can control turn and direction with the adjustable steering handle, and by folding away the adjustable steering handle, he will force the outdrive to tilt and lock out of the water until ready for use again. 
     The present invention exhibits advantages over most prior art in the functioning features of the outdrive assembly. The outdrive will tilt from its upper hinge (tilt cradle hinge pin) if an underwater obstruction is contacted. This feature is automatic with control tension to restrain this tilt being adjustable. Also, this outdrive will automatically lock down when operating in reverse to hold the propeller in the water. This outdrive also has a single local fastener to set both height and tilt. 
     The present invention exhibits advantage over prior art in the use of heel rest on the pedals. This feature permits the operator to rest his legs without his feet slipping off the pedals. 
     The present invention exhibits advantage over prior art in its ability to drive an air compressor. 
    
    
     DRAWING FIGURES 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the frame and attachments. 
     FIG. 2A is a part sectional side view, and broken line alternate position of the steering handle assembly. 
     FIG. 2B is a perspective view of the pedal heel rest. 
     FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the driven bevel gear assembly. 
     FIG. 4A is a perspective view of the outdrive assembly. 
     FIG. 4B is a perspective view of the adjustment tube and securing mechanism for the steering tube shown in FIG. 4C. 
     FIG. 4C is a perspective view of the steering tube and tilt housing. 
     FIG. 5A is a sectioned and exploded perspective view of the tilt housing. 
     FIG. 5B is a sectioned side view of the tilt arm with broken lines showing the alternate position of the tilt cradle. 
     FIG. 6A is a perspective view of the tilt cradle without attachments. 
     FIG. 6B is a perspective view of the foot, foot mount, and the foot with propeller assembly. 
    
    
     REFERENCE NUMERALS IN DRAWINGS 
     
         ______________________________________Item Name                       Drawing______________________________________10   frame                      FIG. 111   carrying handle            FIG. 112   outdrive storage bracket   FIG. 113   boom bracket with clamp and outrigger housing                           FIG. 114   adjustable outrigger       FIG. 115   front mounting pad with retainer bolt                           FIG. 116   rear mounting pad with retainer bolt                           FIG. 117   seat mount                 FIG. 118   adjustable folding seat    FIG. 119   adjustable boom            FIG. 120   outdrive mounting bracket with adjustment clamp                           FIG. 121   steering mount             FIG. 122   bushing pin                FIG. 2A23   bushing                    FIG. 2A24   retainer screw             FIG. 2A25   vertical carrier           FIG. 2A26   adjustment lock            FIG. 2A26A  adjustment lock            FIG. 2A27   adjustable vertical tube   FIG. 2A28   hinge pin                  FIG. 2A29   horizontal tube            FIG. 2A30   adjustable steering handle FIG. 2A31   down lock                  FIG. 2A32   air compressor with sheathed drive cable                           FIG. 133   pedal and crank            FIG. 134   heel rest                  FIG. 2B34A  clip over pedal            FIG. 2B34B  centralizer                FIG. 2B35   pedal bearing assembly with mount brackets                           FIG. 136   driver bevel gear          FIG. 337   driven bevel gear          FIG. 338   bevel gear set screw       FIG. 339   hinge plate                FIG. 340   hinge plate mounting bolt  FIG. 340A  hinge plate mounting bolt  FIG. 341   bearing housing hinge pin  FIG. 342   idler bearing mount        FIG. 343   eye bolt hinge pin         FIG. 344   eye bolt and nut           FIG. 345   idler bearing mounting stud with nut                           FIG. 346   idler bearing              FIG. 347   driven bevel gear assembly FIG. 348   outdrive mounting assembly FIG. 4A49   foot mount bolt            FIG. 6B49A  foot mount bolt            FIG. 6B50   outdrive frame with screw clamp                           FIG. 4A51   tube guide                 FIG. 4A52   tube guide hinge pin       FIG. 4A53   tube guide/clamp           FIG. 4A54   tube guide pin and fastener                           FIG. 4A55   adjustment tube            FIG. 4B56   steering tube              FIG. 4C57   steering tube cap          FIG. 4B58   retainer pin               FIG. 4B59   tilt housing               FIG. 4C59A  tilt limit                 FIG. 5B59B  forward thrust contact     FIG. 5B59C  reverse lock slot          FIG. 5A60   tilt cradle                FIG. 6A60A  tilt cradle transverse flange                           FIG. 6A60B  tilt cradle vertical flange                           FIG. 6A61   tilt cradle hinge pin      FIG. 5A62   reverse lock pin           FIG. 5A63   lock pin retainer          FIG. 5A64   lock pin retainer bolt     FIG. 5A64A  lock pin retainer bolt     FIG. 5A64B  lock pin retainer bolt     FIG. 5A64C  lock pin retainer bolt     FIG. 5A65   roller mounting stud with nut                           FIG. 5A66   grooved roller             FIG. 5A67   tilt arm hinge stud with nut                           FIG. 5A68   foot with propeller assembly                           FIG. 6B69   foot mount                 FIG. 6B70   tilt cable                 FIG. 2A71   tilt cable retainer with screw inboard                           FIG. 2A72   tilt cable retainer mount inboard                           FIG. 2A73   tilt cable retainer with screw outboard                           FIG. 4A74   tilt arm                   FIG. 4A75   tilt cable sheath          FIG. 4A76   tilt cable sheath retainer with screw inboard                           FIG. 2A77   tilt cable sheath retainer mount inboard                           FIG. 2A78   tilt cable sheath retainer with screw outboard                           FIG. 4A79   tilt assembly              FIG. 5A80   drive cable                FIG. 381   drive shaft and cable coupler                           FIG. 382   frame assembly             FIG. 183   (not used)84   (not used)85   drive cable sheath         FIG. 386   drive cable sheath retainer screw inboard                           FIG. 387   driven gear bearing housing                           FIG. 388   drive cable sheath retainer with screw outboard                           FIG. 5A89   drive cable sheath retainer mount outboard                           FIG. 5A90   steering cable             FIG. 191   steering cable retainer with screw inboard                           FIG. 192   steering cable retainer mount inboard                           FIG. 193   steering cable retainer with screw outboard                           FIG. 194   steering handle assembly   FIG. 2A95   steering cable sheath      FIG. 196   steering cable sheath retainer with screw                           FIG. 1inboard97   outdrive steering assembly FIG. 4A98   steering cable sheath retainer with screw                           FIG. 4Aoutboard99   steering cable sheath retainer mount outboard                           FIG. 4B______________________________________ 
    
     DESCRIPTION 
     FIG. 1 shows the overall assembly and 82--frame assembly, which is a welded fabrication consisting of 10--frame, which is the mounting for 11--carrying handle, 12--outdrive storage bracket, 13--boom bracket with clamp and outrigger housing, clamp using threaded vice action (identical both sides), 17--seat mount (identical both sides), 21--steering mount, 96--steering cable sheath retainer with screw inboard, 35--pedal bearing assembly with mounting brackets, 47--driven bevel gear assembly bolted at 35--pedal bearing assembly with mounting brackets by 40, and 40A--hinge plate mounting bolts, and 14--adjustable outrigger telescopes into 13--boom bracket with clamp and outrigger housing, being secured with attachment not shown being identical to FIG. 2A 26--adjustment lock with outriggers identical on both sides of the frame. 
     Also in FIG. 1 is 15--front mounting pad with retainer bolt (identical both sides), is removably secured to 14--adjustable outrigger, and 16--rear mounting pad with retainer bolt (identical both sides) is removably secured to 17--seat mount and also secures 18--adjustable folding seat. Items 15--front mounting pad with retainer bolt, and 16--rear mounting pad with retainer bolt may be secured to a boat using screws, glue, or a velcro product. Item 19--adjustable boom supports a remote mount location for the outdrive 20--outdrive mounting bracket with adjustment clamp, adjustment clamp using a threaded vice action on the outer boom for position lock. Item 34--heel rest is attached to 33--pedal and crank, which is attached through 35--pedal bearing assembly with mounting brackets, and is typical for bicycle applications. Item 32--air compressor with sheathed drive cable for alternate attachment to 87--driven gear bearing housing will secure with 86--drive cable sheath retainer screw inboard. 
     FIG. 2A shows the steering handle assembly--94. Items 91--steering cable retainer with screw inboard, and 92--steering cable retainer mount inboard are shown rotated 90 degrees for illustration only. Item 21--steering mount, is attached at the bottom to 10--frame, and at the top to 22--bushing pin by spot weld or press. Item 23--bushing is free to rotate between 21--steering mount and 22--bushing pin which secures same. Item 25--vertical carrier is secured to 23--bushing by 24--retainer screw (identical both sides). Item 27--adjustable vertical tube telescopes over 25--vertical carrier, and is secured by 26--adjustment lock. Item 27--adjustable vertical tube is secured to 29--horizontal tube with 28--hinge pin. Item 30--adjustable steering handle telescopes into 29--horizontal tube, and is secured by 26A--adjustment lock. 
     FIG. 2B shows the pedal heel rest--34, which is made of a flexible material to allow 34A--clip over pedal to fasten over the pedal without disassembly, and 34B--centralizer fits between pedal components to prevent side to side movement. 
     FIG. 3 shows 47--driven bevel gear assembly, which is bolted at 39--hinge plate, to 35--pedal bearing assembly with mount brackets. Item 41--bearing housing hinge pin connects 39--hinge plate with 42--idler bearing mount, and 87--driven gear bearing housing with similar bearing configuration as prior art S. J. Hoff--U.S. Pat. No. 4,188,719 (1980) FIG. 9. This present invention 45--idler bearing mounting stud with nut secures 46--idler bearing. Item 43--eye bolt hinge pin secures 44--eye bolt and nut which regulates the tension of 46--idler bearing and 37--driven bevel gear on 36--driver bevel gear. Item 38--bevel gear set screw secures 37--driven bevel gear to 81--drive shaft and cable coupler. This configuration may be changed in consideration of a faster method of replacing the driven bevel gear as operating conditions may require a different size, and a gear that would slip on and self lock could be worthwhile. 
     FIG. 4A Assembled outdrive, accompanied by FIG. 4B, and FIG. 4C outdrive components. Assembly 48--outdrive mounting assembly consist of 50--outdrive frame with screw clamp, having a threaded fastener opposite the outdrive to provide a vice type action on the fixture on which the outdrive is mounted. Item 50--outdrive frame with screw clamp provides mounting for 51--tube guide, which is secured by 52--tube guide hinge pin, and for 53--tube guide/clamp, which is secured by 54--tube guide pin and fastener. Item 55--adjustment tube slides through 51--tube guide and is secured by 53--tube guide/clamp. Item 97--outdrive steering assembly is composed of 99--steering cable sheath retainer mount outboard, attached to the top of 55--adjustment tube by thread or weld, with 56--steering tube telescoping into same, and being secured in place by 57--steering tube cap, and 58--retainer pin. Item 59--tilt housing is secured to the top of 56--steering tube by thread or weld. Item 79--tilt assembly is better illustrated in FIG. 5A. 
     FIG. 5A Showing 79--tilt assembly comprising of 59--tilt housing which provides mounting for 60--tilt cradle at 61--tilt cradle hinge pin, and 74--tilt arm at 67--tilt arm hinge stud with nut. Item 59C--reverse lock slot (each side) secures 62--reverse lock pin when the lock pin is rotated to coincide with reverse rotation of the cable or shaft passing through it, and when the pin is rotated in the other direction it is not restrained. Item 66--grooved roller is attached to 74--tilt arm by 65--roller mounting stud with nut. Item 63--lock pin retainer restricts the motion of 62--reverse lock pin to rotational only, and is bolted to 89--drive cable sheath retainer mount outboard through 60--tilt cradle with 64, 64A, 64B, and 64C--lock pin retainer bolts. 
     FIG. 6A showing 60--tilt cradle stripped for a clear view of 60A--tilt cradle transverse flange, and 60B--tilt cradle vertical flange, also the bolt holes are visible where attachments are mounted as described herein. 
     FIG. 6B showing 68--foot with propeller assembly which is secured by welding to 69--foot mount, which in turn is secured to 60--tilt cradle with 49, and 49A--foot mount bolts. The presented configuration is similar to prior art Roberts--U.S. Pat. No. 4,604,067 FIG. 1 items 14, 16, and FIG. 4. Present invention may use differing arrangements, even a bevel geared foot with propeller, as the easy replacement of this assembly is a design feature. 
     Tilt control: FIG. 2A 29--horizontal tube is welded to 72--tilt cable retainer mount inboard, which provides mounting for 71--tilt cable retainer with screw inboard, and is secured through a drill hole by a pin which is not shown, and which allows it to rotate when 29--horizontal tube is pushed forward and back. Item 71--tilt cable retainer with screw inboard secures 70--tilt cable by tightening the screw into the side of a drilled passage for the tilt cable, a set screw action. The other end of 70--tilt cable is attached FIG. 4A to 73--tilt cable retainer with screw outboard (and is similar to 71--tilt cable retainer with screw inboard), which is attached to 74--tilt arm. The tilt cable passes through 75--tilt cable sheath. FIG. 2A 27--adjustable vertical tube is attached by welding to 77--tilt cable sheath retainer mount inboard, which provides mounting for 76--tilt cable sheath retainer with screw inboard (and is similar to 71--tilt cable retainer with screw inboard), which secures 75--tilt cable sheath on inboard end. Item 31--down lock mounts by welding to 77--tilt cable sheath retainer mount inboard, and when 29--horizontal tube is pulled towards the operator, it will be removably locked down by 31--down lock fastening to 72--tilt cable retainer mount inboard. FIG. 4A 75--tilt cable sheath is attached on the outboard end by 78--tilt cable sheath retainer with screw outboard (and is similar to 71-- tilt cable retainer with screw inboard). 
     Steering controls: FIG. 2A 25--vertical carrier attaches by welding to 92--steering cable retainer mount inboard, which provides mounting for 91--steering cable retainer with screw inboard (and is similar to 71--tilt cable retainer with screw inboard), which in turn is attached FIG. 1 to 90--steering cable, which is attached on its other end FIG. 4A to 93--steering cable retainer with screw outboard (and is similar to 71--tilt cable retainer with screw inboard), which is attached to 59--tilt housing. The steering cable passes through 95--steering cable sheath. FIG. 1 96--steering cable sheath retainer with screw inboard (and is similar to 71--tilt cable retainer with screw inboard) is attached to 10--frame, and secures 95--steering cable sheath on its inboard end, and FIG. 4A 98--steering cable sheath retainer with screw outboard (and is similar to 71--tilt cable retainer with screw inboard) attaches to 99--steering cable sheath retainer mount outboard. 
     Drive control: FIG. 1 36--driver bevel gear is attached to 33--pedal and crank, and in rotation passes between FIG. 3 46--idler bearing, and 37--driven bevel gear, inducing rotation in each. Item 37--driven bevel gear transfer its rotation through 81--drive shaft and cable coupler to 80--drive cable which passes through FIG. 4A 60--tilt cradle and 62--reverse lock pin to enter and drive 68--foot with propeller assembly. Item 80--drive cable is squared on its ends similar to speedometer cable, and receptacles 81--drive shaft and cable coupler, and 68--foot with propeller assembly have squared sockets for attachment. Depending on the type of foot with propeller used on this invention, 80--drive cable may attach at the top, or may pass through 68--foot with propeller assembly, and attach at the bottom as the presented configuration illustrates. Item 80--drive cable passes through FIG. 3 85--drive cable sheath which is secured in 87--driven gear bearing housing by 86--drive cable sheath retainer screw inboard with set screw action, and is secured at its other end FIG. 5A by 88--drive cable sheath retainer with screw outboard using set screw action securing all to 89--drive cable sheath retainer mount outboard which is secured through 60--tilt cradle, to 63--lock pin retainer by 64, 64A, 64B, and 64C--lock pin retainer bolts. 
     Operation: The unit is transported using FIG. 1, 11--carrying handle, with the outdrive stored in 12--outdrive storage bracket. The unit is set up on a boat to suit the operator and boat features. Existing boat seat and outboard motor mount may be used, or not, as this invention provides both. For use on inflatable boats, the outdrive is removed from 12--outdrive storage bracket, and the control cables unwound from around 82--frame assembly. FIG. 1 32--air compressor with sheathed drive cable is coupled into 87--driven gear bearing housing. Pedal action can now be utilized to air up the inflatable. Item 10--frame is positioned on the boat, and 14--adjustable outriggers are positioned for optimum stability. The frame may be removably secured to the boat. Item 19--adjustable boom and 20--outdrive mounting bracket with adjustment clamp, are positioned and secured for this application, after which 48--outdrive mounting assembly is attached to same. 
     FIG. 2A broken lines show the alternate stored position of 30--adjustable steering handle, and FIG. 5B broken lines show the corresponding tilted and locked position of 60--tilt cradle, which is being held and secured in the raised position by 66--grooved roller, fitting as it does between 60A--tilt cradle transverse flange and 60B--tilt cradle vertical flange. Excess tilt is prevented by 59A--tilt limit by upper contact with 60--tilt cradle. Item 66--grooved roller has a groove to better accommodate 60B--tilt cradle vertical flange, which it pushes against when in the action of a tilt. Item 74--tilt arm automatically releases 62--reverse lock pin when starting a tilt. 
     By pulling 30--adjustable steering handle toward the operator until it locks, FIG. 2A at 31--down lock, 70--tilt cable is pushed, causing a corresponding movement in FIG. 5B, 74--tilt arm. As 74--tilt arm moves down in response, it allows 60--tilt cradle to lower, and stop when contacting 59B--forward thrust contact. When down, 60--tilt cradle is restrained by 66--grooved roller contact with 60A--tilt cradle transverse flange, whic provides a release capability if the propeller strikes an obstacle under water, and the restraint tension is adjustable by advancing 75--tilt cable sheath into FIG. 4A, 78--tilt cable sheath retainer with screw outboard. 
     Movement left or right of FIG. 1 30--adjustable steering handle causes a push or pull of 90--steering cable, and a corresponding motion in FIG. 4A 59--tilt housing, and thereby providing steering control of 97--outdrive steering assembly. 
     FIG. 1, 33--pedal and crank operation rotates 36--driver bevel gear. FIG. 3, 36--driver bevel gear is clamped between 46--idler bearing, and 37--driven bevel gear. Pedal and crank rotation are transmitted as torque through 87--driven gear bearing housing, and 80--drive cable to FIG. 4A, 68--foot with propeller assembly, passing through FIG. 5A 62--reverse lock pin which rotates slightly in the direction of the drive cable or drive shaft passing through it. When the drive cable is rotating in a forward direction, 62--reverse lock pin provides no obstruction to tilt, however when the rotation is in reverse, it seats in 59C--reverse lock slot and prevents the propeller from raising the outdrive out of the water. Another method of applying this reverse lock feature would be to use wheels or apparatus whose outer edge contacted the drive cable creating rotation/position change which could be utilized to lock the outdrive down.