Abstract:
A brushless motor includes a two-phase winding stator having 4×n winding poles and auxiliary poles provided between the winding poles, and a rotor constituted by 6×n permanent magnet rotating poles having divided angle. The two-phase brushless motor can be driven by a control device for the two-phase motor which can transform electric power and rectify electronically. The two-phase brushless DC motor can increase a permeance coefficient of the rotor, improve the efficiency and the starting of the motor, and reduce torque ripple and noise thereof.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/210,886, filed Aug. 25, 2005, now pending, which claims the benefit of Korean Application No. 10-2005-035861 filed Apr. 29, 2005 in the Korean Intellectual Property Office. The disclosure of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/210,886 and Korean Application No. 10-2005-035861 is incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    1. Field 
         [0003]    The present disclosure relates to a brushless motor, and in particular to a two-phase brushless DC motor. 
         [0004]    2. Discussion of the Related Technology 
         [0005]    In general, a brushless motor refers to a DC motor which modifies a rectifier equipped with a brush as a mechanical part into an electric means. 
         [0006]    Accordingly, it has been studied and developed in various fields because no wear, no dust, and no electric noise is produced and it is good for output and efficiency to make it adapted to a high speed rotation type motor. 
         [0007]    In this brushless motor, the rotor of the DC motor around which coils are wound is substituted with a permanent magnet, and the speed control method has been changed from a voltage control type into a magnetization phase control type to thereby require a driving circuit. 
         [0008]    Further, the brushless motor in general comprises a rotor made of permanent magnet and a stator which is magnetized by rectified electric voltage of an electronic switching circuit. 
         [0009]    The two-phase brushless motor is driven with the magnetization angle having 90 degrees phase difference, and is comprised of a rotor made of permanent magnet having 2×n poles and a stator having 4×n pole windings. 
         [0010]    Meanwhile, the three-phase brushless motor is driven with the magnetization angle having 60 degree phase difference, and is comprised of a rotor made of permanent magnet having 2×n poles and a stator having 6×n pole windings. 
         [0011]      FIG. 1  is a view for showing rotation power transformation construction of a conventional two-phase brushless motor, and  FIG. 2  is a diagram of a wave shape of a rotation torque for showing a driving step or operation of the conventional two-phase brushless motor. 
         [0012]    As shown in  FIG. 1 , a conventional two-phase brushless motor comprises a basic rotor  2  with two poles and a stator  1  having four pole windings. 
         [0013]    The constructed two-phase brushless motor produces rotation torque having 90 degree phase difference as shown in  FIG. 2 . 
         [0014]    In this instance, as winding current flows between 0 and 180 degrees and big current flows between 0 and 45 degrees due to small counter electromotive forces, it is necessary to take note of a driving circuit and the angle of a torque ripple is big. 
         [0015]    Furthermore, it is preferable to shorten the distance between poles of the permanent magnets in the rotor  2  and broaden a pole area of the stator  1  to correspond to that of the permanent magnet of the rotor  2  and decrease air gap defined there-between so that it is possible to make use of the magnetic energy to the maximum by increasing the permeance coefficient of the motor magnetic circuit. 
         [0016]    However, since the two-phase brushless motor cannot but be comprised of the rotor  2  having 2×n poles and a stator  1  having 4×n pole windings, the distance between poles of the permanent magnets in the rotor  2  is relatively large in comparison with that of the pole windings of the stator  1 , and the pole area of the stator  1  corresponding to that of the permanent magnet of the rotor  2  is small to result in a small permeance coefficient and low utilization efficiency of the magnetic energy. 
         [0017]    Therefore, according to two-phase brushless motor, it is not adaptable to a large size motor because it is great in torque ripple and small in electromotive torque. 
         [0018]      FIG. 3  is a view for showing rotation power transformation construction of a conventional three-phase brushless motor, and  FIG. 4  is a diagram showing a wave shape of a rotation torque for illustrating a driving step of the conventional three-phase brushless motor. 
         [0019]    Meanwhile, as shown in  FIG. 3 , the conventional three-phase brushless motor is comprised of a basic rotor  20  with two poles and a stator  10  with 6 polar windings. 
         [0020]    As shown in  FIG. 4 , the three-phase brushless motor produces rotation torque having 60 degrees phase difference, and winding current flows between 0 and 120 degrees and a torque ripple angle having small counter electromotive force exists between 0 and 30 degrees. 
         [0021]    However, although the three-phase brushless motor is more advantageous than the two-phase brushless motor, it cannot but to be comprised of the rotor  20  having 2×n poles and the stator  10  having 6×n pole windings in construction, and thus, the distance between poles of the permanent magnets in the rotor  20  is long, and the pole area of the stator corresponding to that of the permanent magnet of the rotor  20  is small to result in a small permeance coefficient and low utilization efficiency of the magnetic energy. 
         [0022]    Although the two-phase or three-phase brushless motor is driven through or by a wave bipolar magnetization, which is a conventional optimum driving method, limitations exist in utilizing the magnetic energy to the maximum in view of the principal structure, and structural problems arise in improving efficiencies. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0023]    Additional aspects and/or advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. 
         [0024]    According to an aspect of the present invention, a two-phase brushless motor is provided which can improve large rotation torque features and efficiency by way of providing a permanent magnetic rotor having a greater number of divided poles than that of the windings of a stator to thereby maximize utilization efficiency of the magnetic energy of the motor and to minimize phase difference of the rotation driving of the motor to be 30 degrees. 
         [0025]    Further, another aspect of the present invention is to provide a two-phase brushless motor which can utilize effective magnetic energy to the maximum by way of providing a rotor having 6×n poles, which is three times the poles of the two or three-phase motor having 2×n basic poles, to thereby increase permeance coefficient of the permanent magnet of the rotor, and by way of providing a stator having 4×n winding poles to thereby assure stator poles having an area identical with the opposing area of the permanent magnet pole of the rotor to result in the increase of the permeance coefficient of the operation point. It is also understood that a stator having 4×n winding poles to thereby assure a stator pole having an area similar with the opposing area of the permanent magnet pole of the rotor to result in the increase of the permeance coefficient of the operation point. 
         [0026]    Still another aspect of the present invention is to provide a two-phase brushless motor which can reduce copper loss and production cost by way of providing an auxiliary salient pole between respective winding poles of the stator to thereby constitute a magnetic circuit, which is capable of minimizing the cogging arising from the interaction between the rotors having 6×n poles, and minimizing the windings of the stator in comparison with the rotor pole to be 4×n. 
         [0027]    According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a two-phase brushless motor comprising: a two-phase winding stator provided with 4×n winding poles; and auxiliary poles formed between the respective winding poles and a rotor constituted of 6×n permanent magnet rotation poles having identical divided angles. It is also understood that the auxiliary poles formed between the respective winding poles and a rotor constituted of 6×n permanent magnet rotation poles having predetermined angles. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0028]    These and/or other aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which: 
           [0029]      FIG. 1  is a view for showing rotation power transformation construction of a conventional two-phase brushless motor; 
           [0030]      FIG. 2  is a diagram showing a wave shape of a rotation torque for illustrating a driving step of the conventional two-phase brushless motor; 
           [0031]      FIG. 3  is a view for showing rotation power transformation construction of a conventional three-phase brushless motor; 
           [0032]      FIG. 4  is a diagram showing a wave shape of a rotation torque for illustrating a driving step of the conventional three-phase brushless motor; 
           [0033]      FIG. 5  is a view for showing rotation power transformation construction of a two-phase brushless motor (4S6R) according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0034]      FIG. 6  is a diagram showing a wave shape of magnetization current for driving the two-phase brushless motor according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0035]      FIG. 7  is a view for showing an example of a driving circuit in the two-phase brushless motor according to an embodiment of the present invention; and 
           [0036]      FIG. 8  is a view for showing a permeance coefficient of the brushless motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
       [0037]    Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elements throughout. 
         [0038]    According to embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a brushless motor fabricated by including a stator having 4×n poles and a permanent magnet rotor having 6×n poles, based on a motor constitution combined by a two-phase winding stator provided with four winding poles and a permanent magnet rotor provided with six poles divided into 60 divided degrees. 
         [0039]    From now on, the constitution and action according to embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in connection with  FIGS. 5 to 7  showing the exemplary brushless motor including four poles stator windings and six poles rotor poles (4S6R) according to an aspect of the present invention. 
         [0040]    As shown in  FIG. 5 , the brushless motor according to embodiments of the present invention includes a stator  100  constituted of four two-phase windings, a rotor  200  constituted of permanent magnets divided into 60 degrees, and four auxiliary poles  300  provided between respective winding poles  101  of the stator  100 , wherein the stator  100  is provided with winding poles  101 , which correspond to a split surface of a pole in the permanent magnet of the rotor  200  and are arranged at respective positions divided into 90 degrees. 
         [0041]    With regard to an embodiment of the present invention, the stator  100  includes four two-phase windings  101   a  formed at respective winding poles  101 , each of which is arranged at a position divided by 90 degrees and corresponds to the divided surface of the rotor permanent magnet having divided angles of 60 degrees. 
         [0042]    Accordingly, as marginal angles of 30 degrees are provided between the winding pole  101  and adjacent winding pole  101 , the auxiliary poles  300  are provided within the marginal angles formed between the winding poles  101  of the stator  100 , and a surface peripheral length of the auxiliary pole  300  is chosen to be a length excluding space for allowing insertion of winding coils, such as excluding 2-3 mm. 
         [0043]    The rotor  200  is constituted by six permanent magnet poles having respective 60 degrees divided angle, each of which is arranged alternately by an N pole and an S pole. 
         [0044]    The winding  101   a  of the stator  100  is fabricated by inserting two-phase windings ΦA, ΦB having phase difference of 90 degrees into a slot of the winding pole  101 . 
         [0045]    As shown in  FIG. 6 , the two-phase brushless motor equipped with the above described auxiliary pole according to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetization current features that respective phase has phase difference of 30 degrees/step, and features that it has a switching frequency of 3 Hz/phase per one rotation. 
         [0046]    Consequently, as described above, according to an embodiment of the present invention, very stable rotation torque and starting features are obtained because a rotation step angle of the embodiment is smaller than that of the three-phase brushless motor having a phase difference of 60 degrees/step as shown in  FIG. 4 , and magnetization current features of the two-phase brushless motor having conventional phase difference of 90 degrees/step as shown in  FIG. 2 . 
         [0047]    As the two-phase brushless motor according to embodiments of the present invention includes the 4×n stator and the 6×n rotor, there is provided a motor combined by the eight poles stator and twelve rotor magnet having 30 degrees divided poles or a motor combined by twelve poles stator and eighteen rotor magnet having 20 degrees divided poles. 
         [0048]      FIG. 7  is a view for showing construction of a driving circuit of the two-phase brushless motor according to an aspect of the present invention. 
         [0049]    As shown in  FIG. 7 , the driving circuit for driving the two-phase brushless motor according to embodiments of the present invention includes sensors  400 ,  400 ′ for detecting positions of the rotor, a two-phase logic circuit  500  for driving two-phase magnetization switching signals based on the detected positions of the rotor, and a switching circuit  600  for driving the motor through applying electric current to a two-phase windings of the stator  100  according to the two-phase magnetization switching signals of the two-phase logic circuit. 
         [0050]      FIG. 8  is a view for showing a permeance coefficient of the brushless motor according to embodiments of the present invention. 
         [0051]    As shown in  FIG. 8 , the permeance coefficient P 3  of the permanent magnet rotor having more divided poles than the winding poles of the stator according to embodiments of the present invention is greater than that of the conventional two-phase brushless motor because the distance between the poles of the simple magnet becomes shorter, and is greater than that of the conventional three-phase brushless motor to thereby facilitate effective design of the motor capable of utilizing available magnet energy of the motor. 
         [0052]    As described above, in the two-phase brushless motor according to embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to obtain rotation torque angle more minutely divided than that of the three-phase brushless motor by using the driving means of the two-phase brushless motor to thereby accomplish stable and strong starting torque and rotation features, in particular it is possible to obtain very high efficiency feature at mid and low rotation speed of the motor. 
         [0053]    Furthermore, according to embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently utilize available magnet energy so that the winding mass of the coils in the stator can be reduced to thereby decrease volume and weight of the motor, resulting in a reduction of the production cost and an improvement in economical efficiency. 
         [0054]    While the present invention has been described with reference to the particular illustrative embodiments, it is not to be restricted by the embodiments but only by the appended claims. It is to be appreciated that those skilled in the art can change or modify the embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. 
         [0055]    Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.