Abstract:
A transportation device, such as a rail vehicle, has a water supply device with a freshwater tank, at least one used water device connected to the freshwater tank and a collecting container connected to the used water device. The collecting container collects and stores used water which comes from the used water device The water supply device includes a control device which, by way of at least one control signal, can predefine one of at least two different operating modes, specifically a normal operating mode and an economy operating mode in which, compared to the normal operating mode, at least one operational resource which is necessary to operate the water supply device is consumed to a lesser extent than in the normal operating mode.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates to a transportation means, especially a railway vehicle, with a water supply device that comprises a fresh water tank, at least one water usage device connected to the fresh water tank and a collection container connected to the water usage device for collection and storage of the used water coming from the water usage device (also called waste water below). 
     Water supply devices for currently known railway vehicles consistently operate with the same control parameters. This means that the consumption of resources when operating the water supply device is always the same. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The object of the invention is to specify a transportation means with an improved water supply device. 
     This object is achieved according to the invention by a transportation means with the features as claimed. Advantageous embodiments of the transportation means according to the invention are specified in the dependent claims. 
     Accordingly, it is provided according to the invention that the water supply device comprises a control device that can set one of at least two different operating modes of the water supply device by means of at least one control signal, the modes being a normal operating mode and a saving operating mode, in which compared to the normal operating mode at least one operating resource necessary for operating the water supply device is consumed to a lesser extent than in the normal operating mode. 
     A significant advantage of the transportation means according to the invention can be seen to be that in the case of a lack of resources or an expected lack of resources the water supply device can be changed from a normal operating mode to a saving operating mode, in which all or only the operating resources affected by a shortage are used to a lesser extent or less than in the normal operating mode. In contrast to previously known transportation means, in the case of the transportation means according to the invention it is thus possible to extend the period of use of the water supply device if it can be seen that in the case of further operation of the water supply device in the normal operating mode its continued use would no longer be possible for the distance still to be covered by the transportation means before reaching the next stopping or service point. A failure of the water supply device while the transportation means is travelling can thus be completely prevented in many cases, but it can be at least significantly delayed so that the lack of resources is either not noticed by the passengers at all or is not considered by them to be problematic because of the only short remaining travelling time. 
     In order to ensure timely adjustment of the water supply device, it is seen as advantageous if the control device is connected to a measurement sensor with which it monitors the supply of resources of the at least one operating resource that is necessary for the operation of the water supply device and changes the water supply device from the normal operating mode into the saving operating mode if the supply of resources reaches or falls below a minimum threshold. 
     In order to ensure an adequate flow of water from the fresh water container towards the water usage device and from there towards the collection container during the use of the water supply device, it is viewed as advantageous if the water supply device comprises a compressed air device that produces compressed air as an operating resource and whose pressure forces the water from the fresh water tank towards the water usage device and/or from the water usage device towards the collection container. 
     In the case of a water supply device fitted with a compressed air device it is considered to be advantageous if a control valve is connected to the control device with which the working pressure acting on the fresh water tank and thus the flow of compressed air can be adjusted, and the control device is configured such that using the control valve it reduces the working pressure from a specified normal pressure to a lower saving pressure if the supply of resources of compressed air reaches or falls below a specified minimum threshold. 
     With a view to the monitoring of the supply of resources of compressed air it is of advantage if the water supply device comprises a pressure sensor connected to the control device, with which the pressure in a pressure container of the compressed air device is monitored. Preferably, the control device is configured such that it reduces the working pressure of the compressed air device from a specified normal pressure to a lower saving pressure if the pressure in the pressure container reaches or falls below a specified minimum pressure. 
     Additionally or alternatively to monitoring the compressed air device, monitoring of the water level of the fresh water tank can be carried out because the fresh water also forms an operating resource of the water supply device. In this respect, it is considered to be advantageous if the water supply device comprises a water level sensor connected to the control device, with which the available amount of fresh water in the fresh water tank is monitored, and the control device is configured such that it reduces the water consumption from a specified normal consumption to a lower saving consumption if the available amount of fresh water in the fresh water tank reaches or falls below a specified minimum value. 
     Water consumption regulation can be carried out particularly simply and thus advantageously if the water supply device comprises a control valve connected to the control device and acting on the flow of fresh water, whose valve opening time can be adjusted by the control device, and the control device is configured such that it reduces the valve opening time of the control valve per opening process from a specified normal opening time to a shorter saving opening time if the supply of resources of fresh water reaches or falls below a specified minimum threshold. 
     Alternatively or additionally to monitoring the amount of fresh water in the fresh water tank, monitoring of the waste water level in the collection container can be provided because the still recoverable amount of waste water also forms an operating resource of the water supply device. In this respect, it is considered to be advantageous if the water supply device comprises a water level sensor connected to the control device, with which the waste water accommodated in the collection container or the still recoverable amount of waste water is monitored, and the control device is configured such that it reduces the water consumption from a specified normal consumption to a lower saving consumption if the amount of waste water accommodated in the collection container reaches or exceeds a specified maximum value or the amount of waste water still recoverable in the collection container reaches or falls below a specified minimum value. 
     Particularly simple control of the flow of waste water into the collection container is possible if the water supply device comprises a control valve connected to the control device and acting on the flow of fresh water, whose valve opening time can be adjusted by the control device, and the control device is configured such that it reduces the valve opening time of the control valve per opening process from a specified normal opening time to a shorter saving opening time if the amount of waste water accommodated in the collection container reaches or exceeds a specified maximum value or the still recoverable amount of used water in the collection container reaches or falls below a specified minimum value. 
     Furthermore, the water supply device can also take into account when there is a lack of resources in the form of a power shortage. For such a configuration it is considered to be advantageous if the water supply device comprises an interface to a central vehicle control device of the railway vehicle and the control device of the water supply device is configured such that it produces a control signal to set the saving operating mode if the central vehicle control device indicates an existing or forthcoming limitation of the electrical resources available to the water supply device by means of a warning signal via the interface. 
     The water supply device can comprise e.g. a heating device for heating the fresh water tank, i.e. the water usage device, the space in which the water usage device is disposed and/or the collection container. Regarding the control of such a heating device, it is considered to be advantageous if the control device is configured such that it reduces the heating power from a specified normal consumption to a lower saving consumption if the warning signal is present at the interface to the vehicle control device. 
     The invention also provides a method for operating a water supply device that comprises a fresh water tank, at least one water usage device connected to the fresh water tank and a collection container connected to the water usage device for collecting and storing the used water coming from the water usage device in a transportation means, especially a railway vehicle. 
     According to the invention it is provided that, depending on the available resources, the water supply device will set one of at least two different operating modes by means of at least one control signal, said modes being a normal operating mode or a saving operating mode, in which compared to the normal operating mode at least one operating resource necessary for operating the water supply device is consumed to a lesser extent than in the normal operating mode. 
     With respect to the advantages of the method according to the invention, reference is made to the above embodiments in connection with the transportation means according to the invention, because the advantages of the method according to the invention essentially correspond to those of the transportation means according to the invention. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING 
       The invention is explained in detail below using exemplary embodiments; in the figures, by way of example 
         FIG. 1  shows a first exemplary embodiment of a transportation means according to the invention, which is equipped with a water supply device, 
         FIG. 2  shows a second exemplary embodiment of a transportation means according to the invention, whose water supply device is only monitored with respect to the compressed air resources provided by the compressed air device, 
         FIG. 3  shows a third exemplary embodiment of a transportation means according to the invention, with which the water supply device is only monitored with respect to the water level in the fresh water tank of the water supply device, 
         FIG. 4  shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of a transportation means according to the invention, with which only the water level in the collection container of the water supply device is monitored, 
         FIG. 5  shows a fifth exemplary embodiment of a transportation means according to the invention, with which the water level in the collection container and the water level in the fresh water tank are monitored for controlling the water supply device, and 
         FIG. 6  shows a sixth exemplary embodiment of a transportation means according to the invention, with which compressed air is acting on a water usage device. 
     
    
    
     For clarity, the same reference characters are always used in the figures for similar or identical components. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     In  FIG. 1  a railway vehicle  10  can be seen that is equipped with a water supply device  20 . The water supply device  20  comprises a fresh water tank  30 , which is connected by means of a fresh water line  40  to one or usually a plurality of water usage devices  50 . The water used by the water usage device  50  is passed to a collection container  70  of the water supply device  20  as waste water AW by means of a waste water line  60 . 
     The water supply device  20  is provided with a control device  80  that can set one of at least two different operating modes, i.e. a normal operating mode and a saving operating mode, in which compared to the normal operating mode at least one operating resource necessary for operating the water supply device  20  is used to a lesser extent than in the normal operating mode. 
     The control device  80  is connected to three measurement sensors in the case of the exemplary embodiment according to  FIG. 1 , namely a pressure sensor  90 , a water level sensor  100  that measures the water level in the fresh water tank  30  and a water level sensor  110  that measures the water level in the collection container  70 . The pressure sensor  90  and the two water level sensors  100  and  110  are connected to the control device  80  by means of measurement lines. 
     The pressure sensor  90  is disposed in the region of a compressed air device  120  of the water supply device  20  and is used to measure the respective pressure in a pressure container  121  of the compressed air device  120  and to transfer the corresponding measurement value M 1  to the control device  80 . 
     The water level sensor  100  is disposed in the region of the fresh water tank  30  and is used to transfer a measurement value M 2  indicating the respective water level in the fresh water tank  30  to the control device  80 . 
     The water level sensor  110  is mounted in the region of the collection container  70  and is used to measure the water level in the collection container  70  and to transfer the measurement value M 3  indicating the respective water level to the control device  80 . 
     As can be seen in  FIG. 1 , the compressed air device  120  is connected to the fresh water tank  30  by means of a compressed air line  130 . The function of the compressed air device  120  is to force compressed air DL via the compressed air line  130  into the fresh water tank  30 , so that fresh water FW flows out of the fresh water tank  30  with a certain pressure via the fresh water line  40  to the water usage device  50 . 
     In  FIG. 1  a heating device  200  can also be seen, which can be used to heat the fresh water tank  30 , i.e. the water usage device  50 , the space in which the water usage device  50  is disposed and/or the collection container  70 . The heating device  200  is controlled by means of a control signal SH from the control device  80 . The heating power that should be used for heating is specified to the heating device  200  by means of the control signal SH. 
       FIG. 1  also shows a central vehicle control device  250  that is connected to an interface  260  of the control device  80 . By means of said interface  260  the central vehicle control device  250  can transfer a warning signal W to the control device  80 , with which e.g. it can be indicated whether the electrical power resources in the railway vehicle are adequate or not. 
     If the central vehicle control device  250  e.g. determines that adequate electrical power resources are no longer available, then using the warning signal W it can be indicated to the control device  80  that the power consumption of the water supply device  20  should be reduced. Such a reduction of the power consumption is possible e.g. by the control device  80  reducing the power consumption of the heating device  200 ; for this purpose it can send a suitable control signal SH for reduction of the heating power to the heating device  200 . 
     In  FIG. 1  two control valves can also be seen, namely a compressed air valve  300  and a water valve  310 . The compressed air valve  300  is mounted in the region of the compressed air line  130  and is used to control the flow of compressed air between the compressed air device  120  and the fresh water tank  30 , whereby the water pressure with which the fresh water FW is forced out of the fresh water tank  30  into the fresh water line  40  is also directly determined. It is possible for the control device  80  to adjust the flow of water through the fresh water line  40  using the water valve  310 . 
     The water supply device  20  according to  FIG. 1  can e.g. be operated as follows: 
     1. Monitoring the Compressed Air Device  120 : 
     The control device  80  preferably monitors the pressure in the pressure container  121  of the compressed air device  120  using the pressure sensor  90  by analyzing the measurement values M 1  of the pressure sensor  90 . If the control device  80 , e.g. using the measurement value M 1 , determines that the pressure in the pressure container  121  of the compressed air device  120  is below a specified minimum pressure, then it can reduce the compressed air consumption of the water supply device  20 , e.g. by using a control signal STL to adjust the compressed air valve  300  such that the working pressure acting on the fresh water tank  30  is reduced at the interface to the fresh water tank  30  from a usual normal pressure to a lower saving pressure. 
     2. Monitoring the Fresh Water Tank  30 : 
     Additionally or alternatively, the control device  80  can monitor the water level in the fresh water tank  30  using the water level sensor  100  by analyzing the measurement value M 2  of the water level sensor  100 . If the control device  80  determines in the context of said analysis that the amount of fresh water available in the fresh water tank  30  is below a specified minimum value, then it can adjust the water valve  310  connected upstream of the water usage device  50  using a control signal STW and thus reduce the water consumption from a usual normal consumption to a lower saving consumption. Such a reduction can e.g. be carried out simply by reducing the flow of water through the water valve  310 . Alternatively or additionally, it is possible to reduce the water consumption by reducing the valve opening time of the water valve  310  during the use of the water usage device  50  from a usual normal opening time to a shorter saving opening time. If the water usage device  50  is e.g. a flushing lavatory, then the flushing time can be reduced in the saving operating mode compared to the normal operating mode. 
     3. Monitoring the Collection Container  70 : 
     Additionally or alternatively, the control device  80  can monitor the waste water level in the collection container  70  by analyzing the measurement signal M 3  of the water level sensor  110 . If in doing so the control device determines that the amount of waste water accommodated in the collection container  70  has reached or already exceeded a specified maximum value or that the still recoverable amount of waste water in the collection container has reached or fallen below a specified minimum value, then the control device  80  can reduce the water consumption and hence the further reception of waste water AW in the collection container  70  by either reducing the water flowing through the water valve  310  and/or reducing the working pressure acting on the fresh water tank  30  by means of the compressed air valve  300 ; the amount of fresh water FW flowing out of the fresh water tank  30  can be reduced with both measures. 
     4. Saving Mode in the Event of a Shortage of Electrical Power: 
     If the control device  80  receives a warning signal W from the central vehicle control device  250  indicating a shortage of electrical power resources, then the control device  80  can reduce the heating power of the heating device  200  by means of the control signal SH in order to reduce the power consumption of the water supply device  20 . 
       FIG. 2  shows a second exemplary embodiment of a railway vehicle  10  that is fitted with a water supply device  20 . In contrast to the exemplary embodiment according to  FIG. 1 , monitoring of the consumption of resources is carried out by a control device  80  only in relation to the pressure in a pressure container  121  of a compressed air device  120 . A pressure sensor  90  is provided in the region of the compressed air device  120  for this purpose, and for controlling the consumption of compressed air a compressed air valve  300  is provided in a compressed air line  130 . Monitoring of the water levels in the fresh water tank  30  or in the collection container  70  is not carried out in the case of the exemplary embodiment according to  FIG. 2 . 
       FIG. 3  shows a third exemplary embodiment of a railway vehicle  10  that is fitted with a water supply device  20 . In the case of said exemplary embodiment, resource monitoring is carried out by means of a control device  80  only in relation to the water level in the fresh water tank  30 . For this purpose a water level sensor  100  is used that transmits a corresponding water level measurement value M 2  to the control device  80 . By analyzing the measurement value M 2  the control device  80  is able to reduce the water consumption by means of a water valve  310  if there is no longer sufficient fresh water in the fresh water tank  30 . 
       FIG. 4  shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of a railway vehicle that is fitted with a water supply device  20 . In the case of said exemplary embodiment, resource monitoring is carried out by a control device  80  only in relation to the water level in the collection container  70 . For this purpose the control device  80  analyses the measurement signal M 3  of the water level sensor  110 . If in doing so it determines that the water level in the collection container  70  has reached or already exceeded a specified maximum level, then it will reduce the water consumption of the water supply device  20  either by reducing the flow of water through the water valve  310  and/or by reducing the air pressure acting on the fresh water tank  30  by means of the compressed air valve  300 . 
       FIG. 5  shows an exemplary embodiment of a railway vehicle  10  with a water supply device  20 , whereby a control device  80  is monitoring both the water level in the fresh water tank  30  and also in the collection container  70 . For this purpose, water level sensors  100  and  110  are used, being disposed in the fresh water tank  30  and in the collection container  70 . 
     If the control device  80  determines that the water level in the fresh water tank  30  is below a specified minimum level and/or the water level in the collection container  70  exceeds a specified maximum level, then it will reduce the water consumption of the water supply device  20  either by reducing the flow of water through the water valve  310  and/or by reducing the air pressure of the compressed air device  120  acting on the fresh water tank  30  by means of the compressed air valve  300 . 
       FIG. 6  shows an exemplary embodiment of a railway vehicle  10  with a water supply device  20 , whereby the compressed air device  120  is acting on the water usage device  50  and the waste water AW from the water usage device  50  is forced into the collection container  70 . Furthermore, the explanations in connection with  FIGS. 1-5  also apply here. 
     Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail by means of preferred exemplary embodiments, the invention is not therefore limited by the disclosed examples and other versions can be derived therefrom by the person skilled in the art without departing from the protective scope of the invention.