Abstract:
The present invention pertains fasteners with critical configuration of the barbs, which allows the fasteners to be used in slots of various widths and panels of various thicknesses, and prevents rattling, which would take place in the case of fasteners of the present state of the art. The critical configuration is based on the special dimensions and special shape of the barbs with regard to the parts and the slots involved in assemblies of the fasteners and the parts. The present invention also pertains assemblies of miscellaneous parts connected together by means of the fasteners, as well as vehicles comprising such assemblies. In addition, the present invention comprises fasteners providing a combination of low barbs and high bent barbs, which combination prevents rattling of the fastener and allows secure attachment on a part, such as a sheet metal, for example.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
   This application is a Continuation In Part of U.S. Pat. No. 6,835,037 Ser. No. 10/729,311, filed Dec. 5, 2003, which is a Divisional Application of U.S. Pat. No. 6,848,874 Ser. No. 10/209,765, filed Aug. 1, 2002, both of which are incorporated herein by reference. 

   FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
   This invention pertains fasteners, and more particularly fasteners which have expandable legs and which attach one object to another object. It also pertains combinations of one or more objects with said fastener(s), assemblies of fasteners with a part, parts or objects connected with the fastener(s), as well as vehicles comprising parts connected with said fastener(s). 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   In the original conventional technology of fasteners employed to securely attach one object to another, such as for example one part to another in the case of an automobile or an appliance, has utilized a nut on one of the two objects, usually welded or glued to the back of said object, and a bolt passing through a hole on the second object in a manner to be engaged by the nut, thereby securing the two objects together. 
   This arrangement presents many problems, among which, one of the most important is that in the case that one object is hollow, the nut has to be in place at the back of the hollow object before assembling the two objects together. If for any reason the nut is misplaced, and/or if it becomes desirable to introduce a new fastening connection between the two objects, the task of achieving such connection becomes very difficult, if not impossible, for all practical purposes. 
   The so-called “quick nuts” have also been used to connect two objects. In addition, vibration during the operation of a device, such as an automobile or appliance for example, containing the two objects results very often in loosening of the bolt or “quick nut” and in either full disassembling of the objects from each other, or in a vibration noise which is most annoying and often of unacceptable levels. Further, such connections are not water-resistant and water may be easily penetrate the connection point and be transferred from one side of one or both objects to the other side. 
   Fasteners of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,500,238 (Vassiliou) have been utilized to reduce considerably the potential of bolt or screw loosening and vibration. They have also eliminated the problem of having to place one member of the fastener at the back portion of the hollow object. These fasteners are placed through a slot from the front part of the hollow object. The second part of the fastener, being usually a bolt or a screw, supports the second object by forcing the legs of the fastener (as described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 4,500,238) to open or expand, thereby securing the two objects together. The fasteners of this type have greatly improved the prevailing torque (torque required to render a screw loose), as well as the pulling force (pulling force applied on a screw to the point of failure) of the system. 
   The fasteners of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,500,238 have a funnel portion into which an expanding is driven for expanding the legs of the fastener. This funnel has a bucket-like shape which has been impressed on the legs during the manufacture of the fastener. This impression derived funnel is rather inflexible and in some occasions has a tendency to drive the expanding member in undesired direction. 
   An example of fasteners having oblong funnels is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,280,129 B1 (Lowry et al.), which is incorporated herein by reference. U.S. Pat. No. 6,409,443 B1, which is also incorporated herein by reference, discloses a spring fastener having a Y-shaped cut funnel, and which may eliminate, if so desired, barbs which are used to support the fastener in one of the parts to be connected together by said fastener. 
   The fasteners having barbs of the present state in the art are used in industrial applications, wherein the fastener is first inserted into the slot of a sheet, usually a metal sheet, such as the frame of an automobile for example. The barbs are used to secure initially the fastener on the sheet. However, if the width of the slot in which the fastener is inserted is wider than the thickness of the body of the fastener under the head of said fastener, the fastener wobbles within the slot. Similarly if the thickness of the substrate is thinner than necessary, a similar wobbling of the fastener occurs. This is defective behavior of the fastener producing rattling noises among other deficiencies, and in many occasions it is completely unacceptable. 
   A large number of advantages are derived from the critical configuration of the barbs of the present invention, which allow considerably wider dimensional specifications to both the slot and the thickness of the substrate, such as a metal sheet for example, as described in detail hereinbelow. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   In the text presented below, the following comments and definitions are appropriate: 
   The expanding member is preferably a screw having threads and a root on which the threads are supported. 
   Engageable hole or region is an at least partial hole or region which can be engaged with a screw, or similar element. 
   This invention is related to a spring fastener comprising: 
   (a) a substantially flat head portion comprising a first hole, the flat head comprising at least a lower side; 
   (b) a neck having an opening and two side neck portions, a first side neck portion and a second side neck portion, the neck extending from the lower side of the substantially flat head portion at a substantially right angle with respect to the substantially flat head portion; 
   (c) a first leg and a second leg both legs being substantially flat and extending from the respective first side neck portion and second side neck portion, each leg having an inner surface, the two inner surfaces of the two legs being at an initial proximity with each other, the legs being expandable in opposite directions upon inserting through the first hole an expansion member, thus bringing the expansion member to a contact region of the legs, each leg also having side leg portions; 
   (d) a funnel configuration in the vicinity of the contact region; 
   (e) at least one long barb having an origin at a region selected from one of the side neck portions, and one of the side leg portions, the at least one long barb also having a front point which front point substantially reaches or exceeds the lower side of the substantially flat head, the at least one long barb directed initially outwardly away from the legs and in sequence being bent at least firstly toward an inward direction; and 
   f) at least one short barb having an origin at a region selected from one of the side neck portions, and one of the side leg portions, the at least one short barb also having a front point which front point reaches lower than the lower side, the at least one short barb directed outwardly away from the legs. 
   Preferably, one long barb having an origin selected from a neck portion and a leg portion is disposed across a short barb, the short barb originating at the respective opposite side selected from the neck side portion and the leg side portion. 
   Also, preferably, at least two long barbs are disposed at a region selected from the second side neck portion and the second side leg portion, while at least two short barbs are disposed at a region selected from the first side neck portion and the first side leg portion. 
   The head portion of the spring fastener may also comprise an upper side. 
   The hole may be substantially round, or it may comprise an oblong opening, and preferably is engageable to the expansion member. 
   The spring fastener may also comprise an elastic body molded at least under the at least lower side of the head of the spring fastener. 
   Further, the spring fastener may comprise at least one region under the at least lower side, which region is engageable to the expansion member. 
   Assemblies of parts comprising with such spring fasteners and/or connected with spring fasteners as described above, as well as vehicles comprising such fasteners and/or such assemblies are also encompassed within the limits of the instant invention. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
     The reader&#39;s understanding of this invention will be enhanced by reference to the following detailed description taken in combination with the drawing figures, wherein: 
       FIG. 1  is a perspective view of fastener and a first part or panel according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the fastener comprises long bent barb(s) and short barb(s). 
       FIG. 1A  is a perspective view of fastener having conventional barbs, and a first part or panel having a slot. 
       FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view illustrating two parts connected with the fastener of the instant invention 
       FIG. 2A  is a cross section illustrating the barbs with relation to the first part of  FIG. 1A , after the fastener has been inserted into a slot of the first part, wherein the front points of the barbs are engaged to the lower surface of the first part. 
       FIG. 3  is a cross section according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention illustrating the barbs in relation to the first part or panel. 
       FIG. 4  is a perspective view of a fastener according to the present invention wherein the long barb is more than once bent. 
       FIG. 5  is a cross sectional view of a fastener according to another embodiment of the instant invention, wherein an elastic body has been molded at least under the lower side of the head of the fastener. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
   The fasteners of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,500,238 are intended for use mainly in hollow walls. Fasteners of the same type, which are used in industrial applications, wherein the fastener is first inserted into the slot of a sheet, usually a metal sheet, such as the frame of an automobile for example, have barbs which secure initially the fastener on the sheet. However, if the width of the slot in which the fastener is inserted is wider than the thickness of the body of the fastener under the head of said fastener, the fastener wobbles within the slot. Similarly if the thickness of the substrate is thinner than necessary, a similar wobbling of the fastener occurs. As aforementioned, this is defective behavior of the fastener since it results in rattling noises among other deficiencies, and in many occasions it is completely unacceptable. 
     FIGS. 1A and 2A  illustrate fasteners of the present state in the art. The spring fastener  10 A comprises a head  12 A, which has an upper side  14 A with a hole (preferably engageable to a screw or bolt) and a lower side  16 A, as well as legs  24 A, which extend substantially in a perpendicular direction from the head  12 A. The legs in this particular example comprise an oblong funnel  34 A, and barbs  36 A, which barbs have a front point  40 A. 
   When the spring fastener  10 A is inserted into a slot  42 A of a panel  44 A, the barbs  36 A hold the fastener  10 A attached to the panel  44 A, as the fronts  40 A of the barbs  36 A are disposed against the lower side  54 A of the panel  44 A. It is obvious however that if the width WA of the slot  42 A is wider than the thickness of the two legs, or if the thickness TA of the panel  44 A is higher than the distance between the front ends  40 A of the barbs  36 A and the lower part  16 A of the head  12 A, then the spring fastener will be free to wobble within the slot  42 A. 
   Since in practice the manufacturing of any part cannot be made with absolutely perfect dimensions, a considerable tolerance has to be allowed for the dimensions of the panel, such as a metal sheet for example, the dimensions of the slot, and the dimensions of the spring fastener. Therefore, it becomes necessary to have the slot considerably wider than the expected thickness of the two legs  24 A, and the distance between the front ends  40 A and the lower side  16 A higher than the expected thickness TA of the panel  44 A. The result is that the spring fasteners of the present state in the art are necessarily apt to wobble within the slot. 
   The fasteners of the present invention pertain the critical configuration of the barbs, which allow the elimination of such deficiencies, as described in detail hereinbelow. 
   Referring now to  FIGS. 1-3 , there is depicted a spring fastener  10 , which comprises a substantially flat head portion  12  having a hole  11 . The hole  11  may be substantially round, oblong, or have any other desirable shape. 
   In this particular illustration, the flat portion  12  comprises an upper side  14  and a lower side  16 . However, in other instances, the flat head  12  my comprise only a lower side (single side), as described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 6,250,864 B1, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
   The spring fastener  10  further comprises a neck  18  having an opening  20  and two side neck portions, a first side neck portion  22   a  and a second side neck portion  22   b  (collectively  22 ). The neck  18  extends from the lower side  16  of the substantially flat head portion  12  at a substantially right angle with respect to the substantially flat head portion  12 . 
   The spring fastener  10  also comprises a first leg  24   a  and a second leg  24   b  both legs being substantially flat and extending from the respective first side neck portion  22   a  and second side neck portion  22   b . Each leg has an inner surface  26   a  and  26   b , respectively. The two inner surfaces  26   a  and  26   b  of the two legs  24   a  and  24   b  are at an initial proximity with each other. The legs  24   a  and  24   b  are expandable in opposite directions upon inserting through the first hole  11  an expansion member  28 , thus bringing the expansion member to contact regions  30   a  and  30   b  of the legs  24   a  and  24   b . Examples of expansion members are screws, bolts, nails, etc. The hole  11  is preferably but not necessarily engageable to the expansion member  28 . 
   The first leg  24   a  has side leg portions  32   a , while the second leg  24   b  has side leg portions  32   b.    
   The spring fastener  10  also comprises a funnel configuration which is disposed in the vicinity of the contact region. The funnel  34  may be conical-like as shown in  FIG. 1 , or have other shapes, such as for example the funnels disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,280,129 B1 and 6,409,443 B1 
   In addition, the spring fastener  10  comprises at least one long barb  36   x  having an origin  38  at a region selected from one of the side neck portions  22   a  and  22   b , and one of the side leg portions  32   a  and  32   b . The at least one long barb  36   x  has a front point  40   x , which substantially reaches or exceeds the lower side  16  of the substantially flat head  12 . The at least one long barb  36   x  is directed initially outwardly away from the legs  24   a  and  24   b , and in sequence is bent at least firstly toward an inward direction. However, after a first bent  39 , which at least firstly bends the long barb toward and inward direction, additional bents, such as bent  41  may also exist, as illustrated for example in  FIG. 4 . 
   Finally, the spring fastener  10  further comprises at least one short barb  36   y  having an origin  38  at a region selected from one of the side neck portions  22   a  and  22   b , and one of the side leg portions  32   a  and  32   b . The at least one short barb  36   y  also has a front point  40   y , which front point reaches lower than the lower side  16 , and it is directed outwardly away from the legs. 
   The origin  38   x  of the long barb  36   x  may be at the same or a different level than the origin  38   y  of the short barb  36   y.    
   At least one long barb may have an origin  38   x  selected from a neck side portion  22   b  and a leg side portion  32   b  is positioned across a short barb  36   y  disposed opposite the long barb  36   b , the short barb  36   y  originating at the respective opposite side selected from the neck side portion  22   a  and the leg side portion  32   a.    
   It is highly preferable that at least two long barbs  36   x  are disposed at a region selected from the second side neck portion  22   b  and the second side leg portion  32   b , while at least two short barbs  36   y  are disposed at a region selected from the first side neck portion  22   a  and the first side leg portion  32   a.    
   In operation, a spring fastener  10  is inserted into the slot  42  of a panel, such as a metal sheet for example  44 . The short barb  36   y  is forced to move under the lower side  54  of the sheet  44 , and may or may not touch it, depending on the thickness T of the sheet  44 . Regardless, the large barb  36   x  remains within the slot, since its front point  40   x  substantially reaches or exceeds the lower side  16  of the head  12  of the spring fastener  10 . Since the long barb  36   x  is bent toward an inward direction, it presses on a side  62 , which is close to it, and provides the fastener with the tendency to be pushed and be stabilized along a side  60  of the slot  42 , which side  60  is close to the short barb  36   y . This stabilization takes place within a wide range of slot width W and thickness T of the sheet  44 , thus eliminating any wobbling and rattling noises. The combination of the two types of barbs also prevents the spring fastener  10  from dropping out of the slot  42 . An additional advantage is that if the width W is adequately broad, the fastener  10  may be manually or otherwise pushed back toward the side  62 , on which the long barb  36   x  presses, bring the front point  40   y  within the sides  60  and  62 , and pull the fastener out of the slot without any damage to it. 
   In case that each side has one long barb and one short barb, and each long barb is disposed opposite a respective short barb, than the fastener will be forced to assume a diagonal position within the slot. 
   In sequence, a second object  56 , having a hole  58  is placed on top of the panel  44  and the head  12  of the spring fastener  10 . The hole  58  is aligned with the hole  11  of the head  12  of the spring fastener  10 , and an expanding member such as screw  28  is inserted through both holes, and when it reaches the contacts regions  30   a  and  30   b , forces the legs  24   a  and  24   b  to expand in a manner to secure the second object  56  on the panel  44 . 
   It is highly preferable that the hole  11  of the head  12  of the spring fastener  10  is engageable to the expanding member, such as screw  28  for example. 
   Engagement, if desired, may be achieved in one or more of the miscellaneous regions of the fastener as disclosed in patent application Ser. No. 09/699,760 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,524,044 B1, for example, both of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
   When water-proofing, and/or gas-proofing are desired for a particular application, and/or vibration noises are to be further prevented, an elastic body is preferably integrally molded at least at the lower side of the substantially flat head portion, as illustrated in  FIG. 5 . Such elastic bodies are for example disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,725,343 (Smith), and U.S. Pat. No. 6,379,092 (Patel et al.) both of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
   This invention pertains fasteners alone, assemblies of fasteners with a first part, assemblies of fasteners with a first part wherein a second part has been attached to said assemblies, and vehicles comprising any of the above. 
   Indiscriminately, each of the first and the second parts may be for example a plastic panel or a metal sheet or a handle, or a different type of an object. 
   It is evident that the embodiments of the above applications may have to be adjusted to fit the requirements of the instant invention. 
   The embodiments described hereinabove serve illustration purposes only regarding this invention, which should only be bound by the claims. 
   Any explanations given are speculative and should not restrict the scope of the claims. 
   A large number of advantages are derived from the critical configuration of the barbs of the present invention, which may allow the extraction of the fastener without destruction of the slot and/or the fastener, as well as the retention of the fastener in slots of various widths preventing rattling noises, as described in detail hereinabove.