Abstract:
A retaining clip that provides a method for securing electrical connections between a male and female electrical connectors is disclosed. Current locking mechanisms are on both the electrical plug and the connector. These locking mechanisms often break when disconnecting the plug. Some embodiments of the present invention eliminate the need for the locking mechanisms. Furthermore, in cases where the mechanisms have been broken, some embodiments provide a method for reusing the electrical plug and/or the connector.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/613,808, filed Mar. 21, 2012; U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/751,147, filed Jan. 10, 2013; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/789,381, filed Mar. 15, 2013, incorporated herein by reference. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The present invention relates to apparatus and methods for retaining together assembled electrical connectors, and in some applications to electrical connectors within an automatic transmission. 
       BACKGROUND OF INVENTION 
       [0003]    Automatic transmissions are expensive assemblies that include many long-lasting components. However, there are internal components subjected to levels of vibration, temperature, and other stresses that result in component failure or wear while many of the drivetrain components are in usable condition. In particular, automatic transmissions include one or more solenoid assemblies that operate by command of an electronic controller. These solenoid assemblies often have multipiece electrical connectors that provide power to actuate the solenoid and thereby operate the transmission. However, these solenoids can encounter wear or breakage of the electrical connectors that result in unreliable operation of the transmission, or complete failure to operate. Typically, these connectors are replaced, with the subsequent expenses of procuring new connectors and rebuilding portions of the solenoid assembly to incorporate the new connectors. 
         [0004]    The Aisin Warner 55-50 (AW 55-50) transmission is a 5-speed automatic transaxle that is used by several automakers in front wheel and all-wheel drive vehicles. The AW55-50 is a computer controlled transmission that requires interaction between the computer and various sensors and solenoids. The sensors provide feedback to the computer in governing the shift strategy of the transmission. The solenoids are consequently controlled by the computer in order to command certain responses from the transmission. In the case of the AW 55-50, the solenoids are contained within the front control valve body (see  FIG. 1 ). There are five solenoids (shift solenoids) that have two discrete states—on or off. There are an additional three solenoids (linear pressure solenoids) that have infinite states that range between full off and full on. These eight solenoids are all connected to the computer via a variety of wiring harnesses. A typical connection between the linear pressure solenoids and the wiring harness is shown in  FIG. 2 . In  FIG. 2 , the plastic male plug  1  from the wiring harness mates into the plastic female connector  2  on the linear pressure solenoid. The interlocking of the connection  3  can be seen in  FIGS. 2 and 3  as well. 
         [0005]    The locking features on the male plug and female connector can be further identified in  FIG. 3 . The male plug has a one-way tapered protrusion  4  extending beyond the top plane of the plug. The female connector on the linear pressure solenoid has a bridging feature  5  that intersects the protrusion  4  of the plug. During the engagement, the tapered edge of the protrusion pushes up the bridge allowing the plug to be inserted fully. However, the back edge of the protrusion mates flatly against the bridge  3  and therefore the plug cannot be easily removed. 
         [0006]    The locking feature prevents servicing of the linear pressure solenoids without breaking the bridging feature on the connector. A service technician may try to insert a small screwdriver under the bridge as shown in  FIG. 4 . However, this often is ineffective because the amount of deflection required often breaks the bridge or permanently deforms the bridge. This renders the locking mechanism useless if the linear pressure solenoid is reused. Also, a service technician may just cut the bridge off the connector as shown in  FIG. 5 . Again, this prevents the plug from being secured in the connector if the linear pressure solenoid is reused. 
         [0007]    Various embodiments of the present invention pertain to methods and apparatus to improve the repairability of used automatic transmissions. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0008]    It is preferred that a method for securing such a connection be utilized that allows for servicing. Herein are described various embodiments of a reusable retaining clip that provide several useful aspects. Some allow for robustly securing electrical connections such as described in the AW 55-50. Other embodiments are reusable and therefore allow technicians to disengage the plug from the connector with ease. Yet other embodiments allow an effective “fix” for reusing connectors that have been broken. This permits the reuse of the connectors. In the case of the AW 55-50, as but one example, this feature enables the technician to reuse linear pressure solenoids that otherwise would be unusable. 
         [0009]    One aspect of the present invention pertains to a method for repairing an electrical connector. Some embodiments include providing a used connector assembly having a first electrical connector, the second electrical connector, of an electrical wiring harness, and a retaining clip. Other embodiments include placing the clip over the mated first connector and second connector. Yet other embodiments include securing the placed clip to the mated first connector and second connector. Still other embodiments include compressing together the mated first connector and second connector with the secured clip. 
         [0010]    Another aspect of the present invention pertains to an apparatus for an assembled multipiece electrical connector. Some embodiments include a one piece body having a top wall and a pair of downwardly depending side walls, the body being fabricated from a resilient material, the side walls being elastically expandable in a direction from a free state to an expanded state, the distance between the inner faces of the body side walls in the free state being about the same or less than the corresponding external distance in the direction between opposing external sides of the assembled connector. The body includes a removal feature useful for elastically expanding the side walls in the direction. 
         [0011]    Yet another aspect of the present invention pertains to an apparatus for an assembled multipiece electrical connector. Some embodiments include a one piece body having a top wall. Other embodiments include a lateral wall downwardly depending from one of the lateral sides of the top wall, and an end wall each downwardly depending from the top wall, the lateral wall being elastically expandable in a lateral direction from a free state to an installed state. The body lateral wall in the free state being adapted and configured to fit over on opposing external sides of the assembled connector in the installed state, the height of the end wall being adapted and configured to limit end to end movement of the assembled connector relative to said body when installed. 
         [0012]    Still another aspect of the present invention pertains to a method for repairing an automatic transmission. Some embodiments include providing a used solenoid assembly having a first electrical connector mateable with the second electrical connector of an electrical wiring harness, and a retaining clip. Other embodiments include placing the clip over the unmated first connector and second connector, and mating the first connector and second connector having the placed clip. Still other embodiments include securing the placed clip to the mated first connector and second connector. Yet other embodiments include compressing together the mated first connector and second connector with the secured clip. 
         [0013]    It will be appreciated that the various apparatus and methods described in this summary section, as well as elsewhere in this application, can be expressed as a large number of different combinations and subcombinations. All such useful, novel, and inventive combinations and subcombinations are contemplated herein, it being recognized that the explicit expression of each of these combinations is unnecessary. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0014]    Some of the figures shown herein may include dimensions. Further, some of the figures shown herein may have been created from scaled drawings or from photographs that are scalable. It is understood that such dimensions, or the relative scaling within a figure, are by way of example, and not to be construed as limiting. 
           [0015]      FIG. 1  is a photograph of an Aisin Warner 55-50 front control valve body. 
           [0016]      FIG. 2  is a photograph showing a typical engaged connection between linear pressure solenoid and wiring harness. 
           [0017]      FIG. 3  is a photograph showing a typical connection between linear pressure solenoid and wiring harness before engagement. 
           [0018]      FIG. 4  is a photograph of a typical method to remove plug. 
           [0019]      FIG. 5  is a photograph showing a broken bridge after plug removal. 
           [0020]      FIG. 6  is a CAD drawing of one embodiment of a retaining clip. 
           [0021]      FIG. 7  is a CAD drawing of a front view of the retaining clip of  FIG. 6  shown installed on an AW 55-50 linear pressure solenoid connector. 
           [0022]      FIG. 8  is a CAD drawing of the back view of the apparatus of  FIG. 7 . 
           [0023]      FIG. 9  shows four orthogonally arranged views of a connector according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0024]      FIG. 10  is a front, top right side perspective CAD representation of a retaining clip according to another embodiment of the present invention as installed on a connector. 
           [0025]      FIG. 11  is a front, top, left side perspective representation of the retaining clip and connector of  FIG. 10 . 
           [0026]      FIG. 12  is a rear, top, right side perspective CAD representation of the retaining clip and connector of  FIG. 10 . 
           [0027]      FIG. 13  shows four orthogonal views of a retaining clip according to another embodiment of the present invention: (A) top plan view; (B) rear view; (C) side view; (D) front view. 
           [0028]      FIG. 14  shows four orthogonal views of the retaining clip of  FIG. 13  shown assembled over male and female connectors: (A) top view; (B) rear view; (C); side view; (D) front view. 
           [0029]      FIG. 14E  is a cross sectional representation of the assembly of  FIG. 14C  as taken along line A-A. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
       [0030]    For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended, such alterations and further modifications in the illustrated device, and such further applications of the principles of the invention as illustrated therein being contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates. At least one embodiment of the present invention will be described and shown, and this application may show and/or describe other embodiments of the present invention. It is understood that any reference to “the invention” is a reference to an embodiment of a family of inventions, with no single embodiment including an apparatus, process, or composition that should be included in all embodiments, unless otherwise stated. Further, although there may be discussion with regards to “advantages” provided by some embodiments of the present invention, it is understood that yet other embodiments may not include those same advantages, or may include yet different advantages. Any advantages described herein are not to be construed as limiting to any of the claims. The usage of words indicating preference, such as “preferably,” refers to features and aspects that are present in at least one embodiment, but which are optional for some embodiments. 
         [0031]    The use of an N-series prefix for an element number (NXX.XX) refers to an element that is the same as the non-prefixed element (XX.XX), except as shown and described. As an example, an element  1020 . 1  would be the same as element  20 . 1 , except for those different features of element  1020 . 1  shown and described. Further, common elements and common features of related elements may be drawn in the same manner in different figures, and/or use the same symbology in different figures. As such, it is not necessary to describe the features of  1020 . 1  and  20 . 1  that are the same, since these common features are apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the related field of technology. Further, it is understood that the features  1020 . 1  and  20 . 1  may be backward compatible, such that a feature (NXX.XX) may include features compatible with other various embodiments (MXX.XX), as would be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. This description convention also applies to the use of prime (′), double prime (″), and triple prime (′″) suffixed element numbers. Therefore, it is not necessary to describe the features of  20 . 1 ,  20 . 1 ′,  20 . 1 ″, and  20 . 1 ′″ that are the same, since these common features are apparent to persons of ordinary skill in the related field of technology. 
         [0032]    Although various specific quantities (spatial dimensions, temperatures, pressures, times, force, resistance, current, voltage, concentrations, wavelengths, frequencies, heat transfer coefficients, dimensionless parameters, etc.) may be stated herein, such specific quantities are presented as examples only, and further, unless otherwise explicitly noted, are approximate values, and should be considered as if the word “about” prefaced each quantity. Further, with discussion pertaining to a specific composition of matter, that description is by example only, and does not limit the applicability of other species of that composition, nor does it limit the applicability of other compositions unrelated to the cited composition. 
         [0033]    Various embodiments of the present invention pertain to spring-action retaining clips that fit closely around the external shape of an assembled electrical connector. Preferably, the clips are substantially open on one side, such that the clip can be installed on a preassembled multipiece electrical connector. 
         [0034]    In some embodiments, a retaining clip provides overall compression along the length of the mated male and female connector parts. Preferably, such embodiments further include one or more lateral side walls that limit any relative side-to-side motion of the connector assembly relative to the clip. 
         [0035]    Yet other embodiments pertain to a clip that clamps laterally around one or both pieces of the multipiece connector, and which further includes downwardly depending end walls that limit any axial relative motion between the connector and the installed clip to the amount of looseness or play between the connector assembly and the installed clip. 
         [0036]    Some embodiments include one or more tabs or slots useful for reducing the axial or lateral clamping of the clip on the connector. When so loosened with a tool, the expanded clip (expanded either laterally and/or axially) can be removed, thus permitting disengagement of the pieces of the multipiece connector assembly. What will be shown and described herein are clips having a body with an internal shape that is complementary to the external shape of the assembled multipiece connector. With such a complementary shape, various portions of the clip will correspond to various features of the assembled connector, as will be shown and described. However, it understood that having such a complementary shape generally refers to some features of the shape of the assembled connector, but not necessarily to all features of the external shape of the assembled connector. 
         [0037]    The apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises of a thin metal spring clip formed in such a manner that the positive locking feature is maintained; yet it can be removed easily and reused according to the preferred method. One embodiment is shown in  FIGS. 6-8 . The embodiment is designed for the AW 55-50 linear pressure solenoid, but can be adapted to other configurations as well. 
         [0038]    Referring to  FIGS. 6-8 , the reusable retaining clip  20  includes several features. First, the clip includes ears (or protruding fingers)  6  and  7  that slide under the plug  1  and the connector  2  on the opposing end. Retaining clip  20  includes walls  10 - 1  and  10 - 2  that capture between them the respective outer faces of the assembled plug  1  and connector  2 , respectively. Referring to  FIG. 9 , it can been seen that the free (unassembled) inner distance  8 . 1  between inner faces of walls  10 - 1  and  10 - 2  is adapted and configured to provide a snug level of compressive fit around plug  1  and connector  2 , and in yet other embodiments the distance  8 . 1  is adapted and configured to be a slightly loose fit around plug  1  and connector  2 . In still further embodiments, end walls  10 - 1  or  10 - 2  can be adapted and configured to provide this snug fit by placing a slight convergent angle on one or both of the two end walls, such that they would converge at a point on the open side of the clip. In this manner, the unassembled inner distance  8 . 1  is a first, lesser distance proximate to the ears, and a slightly greater distance along the top (closed) side of the retaining clip. 
         [0039]    In some embodiments, retaining clip  20  is sufficiently elastic so that retaining clip  20  can be bent as it is being attached to the connection of plug  1  and retaining clip  20 . Likewise, retaining clip  20  can be removed by outwardly bending face  10 - 2  to relieve the snug compressive fit on the assembled connector, as well as to rotate ears  7  from the underneath side of connector  2 . There is a protruding tab (a retaining feature) ( 8 ) that allows a tool to be inserted. The tool can be levered to flex the clip in such a manner that the ears  7  on one end are lifted out from under the connector. The tab  8  allows the clip to be installed and removed multiple times with ease. The ears  7  on either end of the clip  20  provide lift-off retention of the retaining clip  20  on the assembled connector. Yet other embodiments include a retaining feature comprising a slot or aperture defined in a side wall of the clip that also permits insertion of a tool for a prying removal of the clip from the assembled connector. 
         [0040]    There is a centering feature  9  on the plug end that centers and aligns the legs  10 - 1  around the wires  11  of the plug  1 . This centering feature  9  extends downwardly from the top wall of the body of retaining clip  20 , and contacts a corresponding external sidewall of the connector, and thus provides alignment and centering of the body of clip  20  in a direction generally orthogonal to the direction of the assembly of connecter parts plug  1  and connector  2  (the direction of assembly being generally coaxial with the depiction of the wires  11  in  FIGS. 7 and 8 ). As best seen in  FIG. 8 , the side wall  10  of clip  20  extends downwardly in a general U-shape, with the legs of the U extending on either side of wires  11 . This prevents incorrect installation where the edges of the legs  10  could touch the wires  11 . The overall assembled shape of plug  1  and connector  2  is captured between the internal faces of side walls  10 - 1  and  10 - 2 , which in some embodiments is a capturing that applies axial compression to plug  1  and connector  2 . In still further embodiments, the wrap around fingers  6  and  7  positively capture plug  1  and connector  2 , respectively, and further positively retains clip  20  on the assembly of plug  1  and connector  2 , such that clip  20  cannot be removed without bending the clip to eliminate contact between fingers  6  and  7  with the underside of plug  1  and connector  2 . 
         [0041]    Retaining clip  20  further includes an end wall  10 - 2  that extends generally around the outer surface of connector  2 , and which further includes ears  7  that wrap around the front edge of connector  2 . In some embodiments, connector  20  includes one or more end walls  10  that depend downwardly from the top wall, and which prevent or limit (by interference) the axial or longitudinal movement of the assembled plug or connector relative to the clip. Any such relative motion is limited to the clearance or play between the ends of the assembled connector and plug and the inner faces of the one or more end walls. 
         [0042]    Further, it is recognized that such limits on relative axial motion can also be provided in some embodiments by either of the two downwardly depending, intermediate end wall  10 ′ (best seen in  FIGS. 6 and 7 ), which makes use of an axially-oriented face of connector  2 . A similar such intermediate axial face may also be found on some versions of plug  1 , in which case a corresponding end wall may be located on the clip. 
         [0043]    Another feature of the reusable clip (for cases such as the AW 55-50) is that the positive securing of the connection does not depend on any of the existing locking features. Therefore, the reusable clip can be used in place of the existing locking features if they are broken. 
         [0044]    Clip  20  can be attached to the mated assembly of plug  1  and connector  2 , but in some embodiments is installed on the unconnected pair of the plug and the connector, by spreading apart (such as by bending) and expanding clip  20 . In particular, end walls  10  and their accompanying ears/fingers bend apart during preassembly alignment of the plug and connector. However, once the plug is fully inserted into the connector, clip  20  relaxes back toward its free state, with the fingers wrapping around corresponding edges of the plug or connector, and the plug and connector being held together in a state of compression in some embodiments, whereas in other embodiments the plug and connector are loosely held together between the relaxed end walls and relaxed fingers. It is appreciated that in some embodiments the connector axial length is adapted and configured such that the fully installed distance between end walls  10  is greater than the free state distance, such that the installed clip  20  is in a state of bending and tension. 
         [0045]    The material for the reusable clip is any spring metal; however, a heat treated stainless steel or heat treated high carbon steel is preferred. The thickness of the reusable clip is about 0.020 inches. However, other configurations of material and thickness are expected to yield acceptable results as well. However, yet other embodiments of the present invention contemplate the use of any type of material that is suitable for the temperature and vibratory environment of the connector, including plastics. 
         [0046]      FIGS. 10-14  present various views of a retaining clip  120  according to another embodiment of the present invention. Clip  20  is similar in some aspects to clip  120 , as will be observable to a person having ordinary skill in this art. One difference between clips  20  and  120 , for specific embodiments described herein, is that clip  120  clamps laterally around either plug  1  or connector  2 , whereas clip  20  clamps axially to the assembly of plug  1  and connector  2 . In some embodiments, clip  120  can be attached to an existing assembly of plug  1  within connector  2 , such that any potential separation of the plug from the connector is limited by the end walls of the clip. In yet other embodiments, clip  120  does not clamp to the connector, but instead defines a volumetric space equal to or greater than the volumetric space of the corresponding portions of the mated connector pieces, such that there can be some relative lateral and longitudinal movement of the clip relative to the connector pieces, but not so much movement as to permit disengagement of the two connector pieces. 
         [0047]    Retaining clip  120  includes a pair of side walls  110 - 1  and  110 - 2  that hold between them the assembly of a plug  1  within a connector  2 . In some embodiments, end wall  110 - 1  includes a pair of legs  110  that extend downward in a U-shape around the wires  11  that fit within plug  1 . Referring to  FIG. 12 , end wall  110 - 2  extends downward around a portion of a sidewall of connector  2 . In some embodiments, neither end walls  110 - 1  or  110 - 2  include ears that wrap around the end faces of the plug or connector, respectively. In such embodiments, the end features (axial features) of retaining clip  120  provide abutments that prevent lengthwise sliding of the retaining clip relative to the assembly of plug  1  with connector  2 , but which may not provide lift-off retention of retaining clip  120  on the connector assembly. 
         [0048]    Referring to  FIGS. 11 and 12 , it can be seen that retaining clip  120  includes a centering feature  109  that preferably provides a combination of lift-off retention, as well as lateral retention. Referring to  FIGS. 10 and 11 , centering feature  109  includes a pair of opposing lateral side walls  109 - 1  and  109 - 2  that extend vertically across lateral faces of the corresponding sidewalls of connector  2 .  FIG. 12  shows that lateral side wall  109 - 2  extends at least partway vertically down an external lateral face of the sidewall of connector  2 . Referring to  FIGS. 11 and 14E , it can be seen that lateral wall  109 - 1  preferably extends the entire vertical height of connector  2 , and preferably includes an ear  109 - 3  that wraps around the bottommost edge of connector  2 , and extends a short distance across the bottom face of connector  2 . 
         [0049]    Lateral wall  109 - 1  preferably includes a removal feature or tab  108  that is adapted and configured to be actuated by common tools. Referring to  FIGS. 12 and 14E , it can be seen that compression can be applied by pliers across the outer face of tab  108  and the top edge of lateral wall  109 - 2 . In so doing, lateral wall  109 - 1  can be bent outwardly (referring to  FIG. 14E ) such that ear  109 - 3  no longer engages the bottom of connector  2 . Therefore, simple pliers can be used to momentarily compress tab  108  and remove clip  120  from the assembled connector. Also, a screwdriver can be inserted in the pocket shown in  FIG. 14A  and pressure applied against wall  108  to release the ear  109 - 3 . 
         [0050]    Various aspects of different embodiments of the present invention are expressed in paragraphs X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5 as follows: 
         [0051]    X1. One aspect of the present invention pertains to an apparatus for an assembled multipiece electrical connector. The apparatus preferably includes a one piece body having a top wall and at least one, downwardly depending side wall. The side wall being elastically movable in a direction from a free state to an expanded state, the distance in the direction between the inner face of the body side wall and the inner face of an opposing vertical surface of the body in the free state being about the same or less than the corresponding external distance between opposing external features of the assembled connector. The body including a removal feature useful for elastically expanding said side walls for removal of the installed clip. The apparatus preferably includes wherein said top wall and said side walls define a substantially open interior having a shape generally complementary to the external shape of portions of the assembled electrical connector. 
         [0052]    X2. Another aspect of the present invention pertains to a method for repairing an automatic transmission that includes a used solenoid assembly having a first electrical connector mateable with a second electrical connector. The method preferably includes placing a clip over the mated first connector and second connector. The method preferably includes compressing together the mated first connector and second connector with the secured clip. 
         [0053]    X3. Yet another aspect of the present invention pertains to an apparatus for an assembled multipiece electrical connector including a body having a top wall, a pair of lateral walls extending from opposite lateral sides of said top wall, and a pair of end walls extending from said top wall. The lateral walls are elastically expandable in a lateral direction from a free state to an installed state, and configured to fit across opposing external sides of the assembled connector in the installed state. The end walls are adapted and configured to limit end to end movement of the assembled connector relative to said body when installed. 
         [0054]    X4. Still another aspect of the present invention pertains to a method for securing together a first electrical connector mateable with the second electrical connector of an electrical wiring harness with a retaining clip. The method preferably includes placing the clip over the unmated first connector and second connector, and then mating the first connector and second connector having the placed clip. The method preferably includes securing the placed clip to the mated first connector and second connector, compressing together the mated first connector and second connector with the secured clip. 
         [0055]    X5. Another aspect of the present invention pertains to a method for repairing an automatic transmission. The method preferably includes providing a used solenoid assembly having a first electrical connector mateable with the second electrical connector of an electrical wiring harness, and a retaining clip. The method preferably includes placing the clip over the unmated first connector and second connector. The method preferably includes mating the first connector and second connector having the placed clip. The method preferably includes securing the placed clip to the mated first connector and second connector. The method preferably includes compressing together the mated first connector and second connector with the secured clip. 
         [0056]    Yet other embodiments pertain to any of the previous statements X1, X2, X3, X4 or X5 which are combined with one or more of the following other aspects: 
         [0057]    Wherein the body side walls are first body side walls and the direction is a first direction, and which further comprises a pair of second body sides walls downwardly extending from said top wall in a second direction orthogonal to said first direction. 
         [0058]    Wherein separate pieces of the multipiece connector are assembled together in the direction. 
         [0059]    Wherein the direction is a first direction and the separate pieces of the multipiece connector are assembled together in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. 
         [0060]    Wherein the underside of said top wall and said wherein said body can be expanded and lifted off of the assembled connector. 
         [0061]    Wherein the body further including a pair of opposing, downwardly depending lateral walls, and the minimum distance between the inner face of said lateral walls being substantially the same or less than the external distance across the lateral sides of the connector. 
         [0062]    Wherein one of the body end walls including an opening for receiving therein the wires of the connector, 
         [0063]    Wherein the body is a thin-walled structure fabricated from sheet metal or molded from plastic. 
         [0064]    Wherein the electrical connector is a connector used with an automatic transmission. 
         [0065]    Wherein the inner surface of at least one of the body side walls has a height about the same as the external height of the corresponding connector sidewall, and said at least one body side wall includes a finger that wraps around a corner of the connector side wall. 
         [0066]    Wherein the distance between the inner faces of the body side walls has a minimum distance, the minimum distance being less than the external distance between opposing sidewalls of the connector. 
         [0067]    Wherein the body end walls are substantially parallel. 
         [0068]    Wherein the body side walls are non-parallel, and the body side walls compress the connector when the body is placed over the connector. 
         [0069]    Wherein the removal feature is an outwardly extending tab adapted and configured for use to expand said body during removal or installation. 
         [0070]    Wherein the removal feature is slot in the body adapted and configured for insertion of a tool to expand said body during removal or installation. 
         [0071]    Which further comprises expanding the retaining clip prior to said placing. 
         [0072]    Wherein the expanding is with a tool is by fingers of a users&#39; hand. 
         [0073]    Which further comprises releasing the expanded clip after said placing. 
         [0074]    Which further comprises mating the first connector and second connection in a direction before said placing, wherein said compressing is along the direction of mating. 
         [0075]    Which further comprises compressing one of the first connector or second connector in a second direction orthogonal to the one direction. 
         [0076]    Wherein one of the side walls or one of the end walls of the clip is elastically bent out of the way to permit placement of the clip over the assembled multipiece connector, but after installation the clip provides relative clearance in the longitudinal and/or lateral directions, but not so much motion as to permit disengagement of the multiple pieces of the connector from one another. 
         [0077]    Wherein the clip compresses the two pieces of the electrical connector, or prevents the two parts from separating, or limits the separation of the female connector from the male connector. 
         [0078]    Wherein the clip is biased to stay coupled to the connector. 
         [0079]    Wherein the clip does not define an enclosed volume. 
         [0080]    Wherein the connectors have a generally rectangular outer shape. 
         [0081]    Wherein the clip includes a tab or aperture to expand the length, or a tab or aperture to expand the width. 
         [0082]    Wherein the clip includes means for expanding the free state of the clip body, including a tab, feature, slot, or aperture, usable by pliers, a screwdriver, or fingers. 
         [0083]    While the inventions have been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, the same is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in character, it being understood that only certain embodiments have been shown and described and that all changes and modifications that come within the spirit of the invention are desired to be protected.