Abstract:
The invention relates to a method of producing a top layer ( 10 ) constituting a layer ( 6 ) of a gliding device ( 1 ), which top layer ( 10 ) comprises an external face ( 18 ) and an internal face ( 24 ) directed towards a core ( 9 ) of the gliding device ( 1 ). The top layer ( 10 ) is provided with at least one hole ( 20 ) extending between the external face ( 18 ) and the internal face ( 24 ). Prior to making the hole ( 20 ) through the top layer ( 10 ), an adhesive layer ( 23 ) is applied to it on the internal face ( 24 ) facing away from the external face ( 18 ), at least in the region where the hole ( 20 ) is to be made, and the hole ( 20 ) is made jointly both through the top layer ( 10 ) and through the adhesive layer ( 23 ).

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a top layer for a gliding device and a gliding device incorporating such a top layer. 
         [0002]    Document DE 20 2004 019 895 U1 discloses a snow gliding board with a gliding layer and an external face formed by a top decorative and protective element. The decorative and protective element is decorated on at least one of its faces and has one or more holes. An inner structure forming a core is enclosed by at least one inner reinforcement impregnated with resin, which is disposed underneath the top decorative and protective element. A barrier film of light-permeable or transparent polymer is also provided, at least in the region between the holes and the resin-impregnated reinforcement, the dimensions of which are bigger than the dimensions of the holes or the arrangement of holes. The barrier film also has holes, which are penetrated by resin from the impregnated reinforcement during the joining process, thereby producing a knoll inside the hole, which imparts an aesthetic effect. 
         [0003]    Document DE 200 18 778 U1 discloses a gliding board designed for surfing on snow. In order to improve grip, cut-outs are provided in a longitudinal edge region of the top protective layer, which are of the same thickness as the protective layer. The cut-outs are made by cutting into the protective layer before the elements forming the board are placed in the casting mold. To this end, the protective layer may be processed by machine or clinched. One advantage obtained as a result of this technique is that one and the same casting mold can be used to produce boards with a smooth top face or a top face incorporating cut-outs. During the joining process, there is a risk that surplus adhesive material may penetrate the cut-outs. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0004]    The underlying objective of this invention is to propose a method of producing a top layer with at least one hole extending through it for a gliding device, whereby the top layer can be easily processed during the operation of joining it to the gliding device. 
         [0005]    This objective is achieved by the invention on the basis of the approach defined by the characterizing features of claim  1 . The advantage obtained as a result of the characterizing features defined in claim  1  resides in the fact that the adhesive layer is applied to the top layer on the internal face designed to produce a bond, at least in the region where the hole will be produced, and the hole is not made until the adhesive layer has been applied and set, and is formed jointly in a single work process through both the top layer and the adhesive layer. This results in a bonding region on the internal face designed for producing a bond, which is limited exclusively to the surface portions surrounding the hole which are coated with the adhesive. Also as a result, no adhesive is left in the cross-section of the hole during the joining process through to obtaining the finished gliding device and there is therefore no risk of soft adhesive getting into the hole and closing it up. This is particularly crucial if using pressure molds because this avoids creating additional mess and means that there is no need for subsequent cleaning processes. Production reliability is improved as a result and susceptibility to disruptions as well as maintenance work are significantly reduced. The hole or holes is or are used to improve the grip of the gliding device, which needs to be improved or increased in particular in the case of smooth surfaces, in order to enhance comfort when it is being carried. However, this also obviates the need for additional mutual orientation operations in situations where the top layer and the adhesive layer incorporating co-operating holes are made separately. As a result, a clean adhering process is obtained in the region of the hole and the adhesive extends as far as the circumference of the hole and terminates at it in order to produce a better seal. The entire operation of processing such a top layer during the production process is therefore improved because top layers can be pre-coated with the adhesive layer and, depending on the chosen pattern or disposition of holes, these can then be formed and made jointly through the two materials. 
         [0006]    An approach as defined by the characterizing features specified in claim  2  is also of advantage because in spite of the large number of holes produced, a perfect bonding operation is achieved by the adhesive layer applied to the internal face. Furthermore, not only does this mean that special gripping zones can be produced, it also offers an additional visual design option. Increasing the number of holes also results in a reduction in weight, especially in the case of thicker or higher density top layers. 
         [0007]    Another advantageous approach is defined in claim  3 , whereby a cut for producing the hole can be made more cheaply and above all more cleanly. Additional advantages can be obtained on the basis of the combination of materials chosen, depending on the chosen punching direction, be it from the top layer through to the adhesive layer or vice versa. 
         [0008]    Another variant of the method defined in claim  4  is also of advantage because subsequent coating processes can be dispensed with and the top layer can be processed to obtain the completed gliding device once the holes have been made, without the need for other finishing operations. 
         [0009]    Another approach based on the characterizing features defined in claim  5  is of advantage because the adhesive layer can be applied to the internal face of the top layer in advance, after which the bonding process can proceed in a known manner. 
         [0010]    Another advantageous approach is defined in claim  6 , whereby excessive thermal stress to the material of the top layer can be avoided. 
         [0011]    Another advantageous approach is defined in claim  7 , whereby the bonding process can proceed without the need for additional adhesive layers and an exclusive bond is produced only on those surfaces coated with the adhesive, excluding the holes. 
         [0012]    Another variant of the method defined in claim  8  offers advantages because the holes disposed in the top layer in conjunction with the other layer joined to it not only enable a stable bond to be obtained but also offer the possibility of a visual design defining the overall appearance of the gliding device. 
         [0013]    Finally, the objective of the invention can be achieved on the basis of the characterizing features defined in claim  9 . The advantages obtained as a result of the combination of features defined in this claim reside in the fact that a gliding device can be produced which, in spite of having an arrangement of holes in the top layer, can be easily and reliably processed. This approach obviates the need for additional coating processes and mutual orientation steps in the region of the top layer and adhesive layer, which not only leads to a perfect bonding result but also means that an attractive visual appearance can be imparted to the entire gliding device, including in the region of the hole or holes. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
         [0014]    To provide a clearer understanding of the invention, it will be described in more detail with reference to the appended drawings. 
           [0015]    These are highly schematic, simplified diagrams showing the following: 
           [0016]      FIG. 1  is a highly simplified plan view, out of proportion, of a board-type gliding device, in particular a ski, with a three-dimensionally structured top face and a schematically indicated binding unit; 
           [0017]      FIG. 2  is a highly simplified, schematic diagram showing the gliding device illustrated in  FIG. 1  in cross-section along line II-II indicated in  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0018]      FIG. 3  is a highly simplified plan view, out of proportion, illustrating a board-type gliding device, in particular a snowboard with a three-dimensionally structured top face and a schematically indicated binding unit; 
           [0019]      FIG. 4  is a diagram illustrating a detail from the cross-sectional diagram of  FIG. 2  but on a larger scale. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0020]    Firstly, it should be pointed out that the same parts described in the different embodiments are denoted by the same reference numbers and the same component names and the disclosures made throughout the description can be transposed in terms of meaning to same parts bearing the same reference numbers or same component names. Furthermore, the positions chosen for the purposes of the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., relate to the drawing specifically being described and can be transposed in terms of meaning to a new position when another position is being described. Individual features or combinations of features from the different embodiments illustrated and described may be construed as independent inventive solutions or solutions proposed by the invention in their own right. 
         [0021]    All the figures relating to ranges of values in the description should be construed as meaning that they include any and all part-ranges, in which case, for example, the range of 1 to 10 should be understood as including all part-ranges starting from the lower limit of 1 to the upper limit of 10, i.e. all part-ranges starting with a lower limit of 1 or more and ending with an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1 or 5.5 to 10. 
         [0022]      FIGS. 1 to 4  illustrate two embodiments of board-type gliding devices  1  for gliding on ice, snow or some other appropriate surface. In particular, the illustrated gliding devices  1  are designed as sports devices for practicing different types of winter sports, such as alpine skiing, cross-country skiing or snowboarding. 
         [0023]      FIG. 1  illustrates one possible embodiment of a ski  2 , whereas the embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 3  represents one possible design of a snowboard  3 . The ski  2  may also be what is known as a cross-country ski. Schematically indicated by broken lines on these gliding devices  1  is a generally standard binding unit  4  for releasably connecting the gliding device  1  to a user&#39;s shoe or foot as and when necessary. 
         [0024]    In a manner known per se, a gliding device  1  of this type is formed by a multi-layered sandwich element  5 , made up of individual layers  6 ,  7 ,  8  joined to one another non-positively and/or positively, in particular bonded, and a layer or ply more or less at the centre has the biggest cross-sectional dimension compared with the outer layers and thus forms the so-called core  9  of the sandwich element  5 . The core  9  may be made from wood, in particular several bonded plies joined to one another to form an integral component, preferably made from hardwood. It is also possible for the core  9  of the gliding device  1  to be made from a foamed plastic and/or profiled elements of lightweight metal, carbon or such like. 
         [0025]    Layers  6  and/or  7  and/or  8  disposed in the outer peripheral region of the cross-section of the gliding device  1  therefore constitute the so-called top and/or bottom belt of the sandwich element  5  or gliding device  1 . These layers  6 ,  7 ,  8  are made from materials with a relatively high tensile strength and may be selected from the group comprising metals, such as aluminum, titanium, resin-impregnated woven fabrics, plastics, and are crucial in terms of defining the mechanical properties of the gliding device  1 , in particular the bending stiffness and/or breaking strength. In this respect, it would be possible to use any combination of different materials for the individual layers  6 ,  7 ,  8 . 
         [0026]    The outermost layer  6  in the embodiment illustrated as an example is a top layer  10  of the gliding device  1 . This uppermost top layer  10  is preferably made from plastic and primarily fulfils a decorative and protective function for the gliding device  1 . Alternatively, however, the top layer  10  might also be made from metal, in particular lightweight metal such as aluminum, titanium or similar for example. The top layer  10  preferably extends in a cap-type arrangement from a first longitudinal side region  11  across a top face  12  of the gliding device  1  to the other longitudinal side region  13  of the gliding device  1 . Instead of opting for the design based on a cap-type top layer  10 , however, it would also be possible for the top layer  10  to extend within the region of the top plane of the gliding device  1  only, in which case the so-called side edges of the gliding device  1  are provided as separate components, preferably of plastic. 
         [0027]    Disposed on a bottom face  14  of the gliding device  1  facing away from the top face  12  is a running surface layer  15 , intended for gliding over the ground underneath, such as ice or snow, for example. The running surface layer  15  is usually made from a plastic with as low a frictional resistance to snow or ice as possible and a sufficient resistance to scratching. The peripheral regions of the running surface layer  15  or gliding device  1  are usually bounded by sharp-edged elements  16 ,  17  with a relatively high hardness, for example made from steel. These sharp-edged elements  16 ,  17  thus form steel edges for guiding the gliding device  1  exactly and without slipping on ice or snow. 
         [0028]    It is also of advantage if at least one external face of the top layer  10  facing away from the core  9  has an at least partially structured surface  19 . This three-dimensionally structured surface  19  may be formed by a plurality of holes  20  or perforations 
         [0029]    As may best be seen from  FIG. 2 , the holes  20  are disposed in and extend through the outermost top layer  10  of the gliding device  1  exclusively. In this respect, a depth  21  of the holes  20  corresponds respectively to a maximum thickness  22  or depth of the top layer  10 . Thin lacquer or decorative films and/or thin-layered films which reduce the adhesion of ice or snow may also be provided on this top layer  10 , although these are not specifically illustrated. 
         [0030]    The purpose of the holes  20  is to improve grip when carrying the gliding devices and thus reduce or totally prevent any unintentional slipping when the gliding devices are being carried by the top layer  10 . This being the case, depending on the cross-section of the holes  20 , either the human skin or alternatively a glove if one is being worn is able to penetrate at least certain regions, thereby imparting better grip to the usually smooth surface, thereby facilitating handling of the gliding devices  1 . The layer  6  constituting the top layer  10  is usually a relatively thin layer or a film. To provide a clearer illustration, however, the thickness  22  is illustrated on a disproportionately large scale. 
         [0031]    It has proved to be of practical advantage to provide holes  20  which, when seen in plan view as illustrated in  FIG. 1  or  3 , have a surface dimension or cross-section within a lower limit of approximately 0.5 mm 2 , preferably 1 mm 2 , and an upper limit of 8 mm 2 , preferably 3 mm 2 . The surface density, i.e. the number of holes  20  per surface unit, may easily be varied depending on the intended use and cross-sectional size. The area where they are applied in the top layer  10  may also be different from that illustrated in the two examples. This offers a way of significantly influencing the intended, attractive overall appearance or visual effect of the gliding device  1 . In particular, the holes  20  as such may no longer be perceptible when viewed from a greater distance if they are of a very small design, although they will not then be as practical. The grip on the gliding devices  1  is also reduced at the intended points. 
         [0032]    A structured top layer  10  of this type with differing patterns of holes  20  specifically imparts an attractive appearance to the gliding device  1 . Irrespective of this, however, it would also be possible to make lettering by arranging the holes  20  accordingly and by using a material for the layer  7  disposed underneath or below of a different color from the material of the top layer  10 . 
         [0033]    The outermost layer  6  constituting the top layer  10  is shown with an over-exaggerated thickness  22 , and the thickness  22  usually varies within the film thickness range of between 0.5 mm and 2.0 mm. In order to join the layer  6  serving as the top layer  10  to the other layer  7  disposed underneath it, an adhesive layer  23  indicated by a thicker line is provided. This adhesive layer  23  is preferably an adhesive which is activated by heat. Such adhesives are also referred to in the industry as so-called “hot melt” adhesives. The adhesive may also be activated by applying pressure and this may be combined with the process of applying heat mentioned above. 
         [0034]      FIG. 4  illustrates a detail on a larger scale of the mutually joined layers  6 ,  7  and the adhesive layer  23  joining them and the core  9 . As may be seen from the enlarged, schematic diagram, the adhesive layer  23  is interrupted in the region of the holes  20 . This prevents excessive adhesive from being able to get into the hole or holes  20  during the process of bonding to the layer  7  disposed underneath and at least partially filling them, whilst on the other hand offering a way of providing an unobstructed or non-clouded view through the hole or holes  20  to the layer  7  disposed underneath. Precisely in the case of thin-walled top layers  10 , a situation can quite easily occur in which the hole or holes  20  become at least partially filled. It is of advantage to provide a free view through the hole or holes  20  to the surface of the other layer  7  joined to it by the adhesive layer  23  if the layer  7  is made from a material of a different color from that of the top layer  10 , since this enables an additional visual effect to be achieved. The holes  20  could then be used to depict a company logo, lettering or similar, for example. 
         [0035]    In this respect, the procedure adopted is to apply the adhesive layer  23  to an internal face  24  of the layer  6  forming the top layer  10  facing away from the external face  18  and designed to be bonded to the layer  7  disposed underneath, at least in the region where the hole  20  is to be made. The adhesive layer  23  is preferably applied to the full surface of the entire internal face  24 . A variety of methods may be used for this purpose. For example, a spraying process, lamination with an adhesive film or alternatively a simple coating process would be conceivable. If the heat-activatable adhesive layer  23  is to be joined to the layer  6 , the holes  20  are made jointly both through the layer  6  and through the adhesive layer  23 . This may be done by a punching and/or cutting process, for example, in which case both the material of the top layer  10  as well as that of the adhesive layer  23  is removed from the region of the hole holes  20  together in a single work step. Depending on the chosen pattern and layout of the holes  20  with respect to one another, a perforated layer  6  and top layer  10  are formed which, on their surface intended for bonding, namely the internal face  24 , are provided with the adhesive layer  23  likewise incorporating holes  20 . 
         [0036]    In order to join the layer  6  and top layer  10  prepared in this manner and incorporating at least one but preferably several holes  20  to the layer  7  disposed underneath, they may optionally be cut to size and/or made ready to suit the gliding device  1  to be produced prior to the bonding process, after which the bonding operation may be carried out in a press or similar, for example. 
         [0037]    For the joining process, the layer  6  constituting the top layer  10  is heated in a manner known per se to the degree that the adhesive layer  23  disposed on the internal face  24  remote from the external face  18  also melts and forms a stable and strong connection to the layer  7  after the cooling process. Due to the fact that the adhesive layer  23  is also interrupted in the region of the hole or holes  20 , the layer  6  is bonded exclusively in only the regions disposed between the holes  20  and in the region or portion surrounding the hole  20 . In this respect, a plurality of preferably different holes  20  may be distributed or disposed across the entire surface of the top layer  10 , in which case the adhesive layer  23  is disposed around the holes  20  and between them. 
         [0038]    During this joining process in the past, the two layers  6 ,  7  have usually been bonded by means of a film-type adhesive layer which can be activated by heat but which is disposed across the entire surface. During the joining process, when the adhesive layer was activated accordingly, adhesive in the region of the hole  20  was also melted and was able to penetrate the hole  20 , thereby at least partially closing it. The disadvantage of this is that not only is the grip lost in the region of the top layer  10 , which is usually very thin, the visual appearance is also detrimentally affected or even lost altogether. 
         [0039]    The embodiments illustrated as examples represent possible variants of the design and disposition of the top layer  10 , and it should be pointed out at this stage that the invention is not specifically limited to the variants specifically illustrated, and instead the individual variants may be used in different combinations with one another and these possible variations lie within the reach of the person skilled in this technical field given the disclosed technical teaching. Accordingly, all conceivable variants which can be obtained by combining individual details of the variants described and illustrated are possible and fall within the scope of the invention. 
         [0040]    For the sake of good order, finally, it should be pointed out that, in order to provide a clearer understanding of the structure of the top layer  10  and the gliding device  1  incorporating it, they and their constituent parts are illustrated to a certain extent out of scale and/or on an enlarged scale and/or on a reduced scale. 
         [0041]    The objective underlying the independent inventive solutions may be found in the description.