Abstract:
The present invention relates to an optical transformation device, and more particularly to an optical transformation device able to transform a projected light beam from a spot light source to form rectangular projection surfaces, which primarily includes a refracting body composed of an emergent surface structured from a combination of a plurality of optical surfaces and an incident surface configured as a concave spherical surface. Two reflecting surfaces located at two sides of the meridian of the emergent surface enable the luminous flux of incoming light to completely impinge upon the refracting body, and the interactive effect from the combined optical surfaces transforms the light shape of a light beam from a spot light source, and is projected to produce an almost rectangular shaped illumination projection surface.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     (a) Field of the Invention 
     The present invention provides an optical transformation device able to transform a projected light beam from a spot light source to form rectangular projection surfaces, in which the transformation device transforms a three-dimensional conical illumination light shape into a pyramid shape, thereby enabling illuminating projection surfaces almost equal to a rectangular plane. 
     (b) Description of the Prior Art 
     The illumination angle of a light beam emitted by illuminating apparatus must be standardized, only then can the luminous flux be made to effectively converge on projection surfaces requiring illumination. For example, a traditional light bulb must use a lampshade for the purpose of backlight reflection, thereby enabling a light beam to converge towards the required illumination surface (projection surface). Moreover, recently, light beams are produced from diode light emitting devices, in which a microminiature reflecting surface is first located at the inner rear of a diode light emitting crystal body, thereby enabling the light beam produced by the crystal sphere to be projected frontward. In addition, because the curvature specifications of the reflecting surface enables the light beam produced by the light-emitting diode to be effectively controlled at the required angle, such as 15, 30, 45, 60 degrees, and which emitting angle to use can be decided upon according to requirements of the location where implemented. 
     Regardless of whether a traditional light bulb or the more recent LED (light-emitting diode) light source is used, the stimulated light spot is a spot light source, and the light shape, after reflection from a reflecting cover, is conical in form, moreover, the illumination projection surface mapped out is either a circular area or an ellipsoidal area. If implemented in a particular location, such as a street or road surface or square floor space of a home, in order to effectively assemble a luminous flux of the light source for use thereof, the shape of the light beam must be transformed, such as transforming the light shape into a pyramid shape, thereby enabling specifying the bottom surface of the light beam (projection surface) to be rectangular or square shaped. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The primary objective of the present invention lies in a transformation device, comprising a refracting body composed of an emergent surface structured from a combination of a plurality of optical surfaces, and an incident surface configured as a concave spherical surface. When a light beam produced by a spot light source enters the spherical surface, curvature of the spherical surface is used to prevent critical angle refraction, and enables the total amount of light to enter the refracting body, as well as providing a preliminary light diffusion function. Basically, the front central surface of the emergent surface, structured from the plurality of optical surfaces, is a refracting surface. The refracting surface has two working optical axis connecting in the direction of the meridians which intersect with the optical axis of the optical curved surface. Moreover, reflecting surfaces having reflective power are respectively located at two sides of the meridian, and the two side reflecting surfaces are used to limit the included angle in relation to the two reflected beams, thereby enabling the reflected luminous flux to be limited to projection onto the required illumination area between two parallel sides of the projection surface. In addition, interaction from the two optical curved surfaces and refracting surface elongates the base length of the projection surface, and enables distribution of the illuminating beam of the spot light source to form an almost rectangular shaped illumination projection surface. Another objective of the present invention lies in reflecting surfaces on two sides of the meridian of the emergent surface of the refracting body being configured perpendicular to the refracting surface, and the two reflecting surfaces have an internal reflection function, which can be combined with inward reflection films or reflection mirrors. 
     To enable a further understanding of said objectives and the technological methods of the invention herein, a brief description of the drawings is provided below followed by a detailed description of the preferred embodiments. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is an external appearance of a refracting body of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a side structural view of the refracting body assembled to a light stimulating unit to form a light projecting unit of the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic view depicting the light path of the refracting body assembled to the light stimulating unit forming the light projecting unit of the present invention. 
         FIG. 4  is side view of the meridian position of the refracting body according to the present invention. 
         FIG. 5  is front view of the meridian position of the refracting body according to the present invention. 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic view depicting distribution of illumination areas of rectangular projection surfaces after transformation by the transformation device of the present invention. 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic view depicting a light emitting surface of the present invention implemented in a light fixture. 
         FIG. 8  is a side view of the embodiment depicted in  FIG. 7 . 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic view depicting a simulation test of the present invention applied on a road. 
         FIG. 10  is a distribution diagram of the illumination areas produced after implementing  FIG. 9 . 
         FIG. 11  is a schematic view depicting a single projection surface of extremely uniform and high brightness obtained by overlapping a plurality of the projection surfaces according to the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Regarding the detailed specification of the embodiments of the present invention, first refer to  FIGS. 1 and 2 , which show a transformation device  10  of the present invention primarily structured from a refracting body  1  of high light transmittance, the radial periphery of which is joined to a baseplate  11 . The baseplate  11  has an outward connecting function, and serves as the basis for installation. The external surface of the refracting body  1  is an emergent surface  2 , which is formed from a combination of a plurality of optical surfaces, wherein a central optical surface comprising one of the plurality of optical surfaces of the emergent surface  2  is a horizontal refracting surface  21  parallel to the baseplate  11 . Related meridian directions of the surface of the refracting surface  21  are based on the plane of the refracting surface  21  as the standard, and edge lines  210  are lines of intersection with the refracting surface  21  that respectively adjoin to two optical curved surfaces  22 . In addition, two sides of the related meridians of the refracting body  1  are respectively configured with a reflecting surface  23  in perpendicular correspondence with the refracting surface  21 . The rear of the refracting surface  21  of the emergent surface  2  is an incident surface, and the incident surface is a concave spherical surface  24 . Moreover, an optical axis S of the concave spherical surface  24  coincides with light entering the refracting surface  21 , and a light stimulating unit  3  is disposed externally contiguous to the concave spherical surface  24  coinciding with the optical axis S. 
     A bottom portion of the baseplate  11  is fitted with an assembling portion  12 , and the assembling portion  12  is joined to a circuit board  5  using joining members  51 . The joining members  51  function to enable forming a dry assembly on fastening tenons fitted on the assembling portion  12 . In addition, bonding or other secure fastening means can be used between the assembling portion  12  and the circuit board  5  to achieve assembly thereof, the most important factor being to enable the optical axis S of the refracting body  1  to maintain alignment with the center of the light projecting portion of the light stimulating unit  3 . 
     A light projecting unit  100  is formed after the transformation device  10  of the present invention is joined to the light stimulating unit  3 . In addition, an electrical connection is established between the light stimulating unit  3  and the circuit board  5 , thereby enabling the light stimulating unit  3  to obtain electric driving power, the electric power is provided by means of electrical connection of the circuit board  5  with a power source. The electrical connection means is generally known technology, and thus no further details are provided. 
     After assembling the aforementioned transformation device  10  to the light stimulating unit  3  to form the light projecting unit  100  (as depicted in  FIG. 3 ), then a light beam produced by the light stimulating unit  3  is able to be incident upon the concave spherical surface  24  of the transformation device  10 , and because the curvature of the concave spherical surface  24  is used to surround the stimulated light emergence angles of the light stimulating unit  3 , thus, the total amount of light produced by the light stimulating unit  3  is able to enter the interior of the transformation device  10  through the curvature range of the concave spherical surface  24 , thereby preventing problems of critical refraction angle causing pointless reflection loss of the light beam, and enabling the total amount of luminous flux to have functionality within the transformation device  10 . If the light stimulating unit  3  is configured as a spot light source, which has one emission angle, for example, &lt;60 degrees, and under circumstances whereby because the optical path length L of the concave spherical surface  24  does not exceed the distance to the light source, thus, the two oblique sides of the emission angle are positioned within the spherical range of the concave spherical surface  24 , causing a light beam Bn of the stimulated light to completely pass through the concave spherical surface  24  and enter the refracting body  1 . In addition, the emitted light beam passing through the normal line relationship of the concave spherical surface  24  enables the interior of the transformation device  10  to achieve initial light diffusion according to the principle of refraction, and cause quadrant uniform divergence, which refracts from the emergent surface  2  after refraction from the transformation device  10 . 
     Light entering the optical axis S of the aforementioned refracting surface  21  coincides with the optical axis of the concave spherical surface  24 , two optical axis S 1  of the two optical curved surfaces  22  intersect in the incident surface direction and coincides with the optical axis S of light traveling through the refracting surface  21 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 4 and 5 , which show the light projecting unit  100  formed after joining the transformation device  10  to the light stimulating unit  3  of the present invention, and the emergent surface  2  from a side view direction of the meridian of the transformation device  10  is formed from a structural combination of the refracting surface  21  and the optical curved surfaces  22  joined to the two sides thereof, thereby forming three optical surfaces. Accordingly, the spot light source produced by the light stimulating unit  3  enters the interior of the transformation device  10  from the concave spherical surface  24 , and then passes through the emergent surface  2  after refractive transmission. Based on the planar effect of the refracting surface  21  and the curvature effect of the optical curved surfaces  22 , the light beam produced by the light stimulating unit  3  refracts to form a refracted light beam Bt of expanded form, and the three optical surfaces are used to expand and form a light projection angle close to 120 degrees, which forms the basis for long sides a of the rectangular projection surface  6  when projected onto a projection surface  6 . 
     Referring again to  FIG. 5 , which shows the light projecting unit  100  formed after joining the transformation device  10  to the light stimulating unit  3  of the present invention, wherein the light beam produced by the light stimulating unit  3  passes through the concave spherical surface  24  and enters the interior of the transformation device  10  to undergo refraction. The confining specification of the reflection angles of the reflecting surfaces  23  configured at the two sides of the transformation device  10  causes the light beam produced by the light stimulating unit  3  to be subjected to the reflecting effect of the reflecting surfaces  23  to form a reflected light beam Br. The reflected light beam Br then projected onto the surface of the projection surface  6  forms the basis for short sides b of the rectangular projection surface  6 , and the projection area obtained is the long side multiplied by the short side. 
     From the viewing direction of  FIG. 5 , the emergent surface  2  of the transformation device  10  is structured from the refracting surface  21  and the two side reflecting surfaces  23 ; the reflecting surfaces  23  basically being optical surfaces having high reflectivity. Moreover, reflecting elements  231  can be joined to the reflecting surfaces  23  by means of galvanized plating or attachment of reflectors (not shown in the drawings) to strengthen inward reflectivity, thereby enabling total reflection of the light beam produced by the light stimulating unit  3  at the reflecting surfaces  23 , and, through the function of the reflecting surfaces  23 , complete reflection of the luminous flux of the light beam produces the reflected light beam Br, or is directly refracted through the function of the refracting surface  21 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 6 , which shows an arrangement of more than two of the light projecting units  100  of the present invention, each of which is formed by joining the transformation device  10  to the light stimulating unit  3 , and can be installed together at a certain height to produce even larger projection surfaces  6 . Accordingly, installing a plurality of the light projecting units  100  at a certain height enables arranging the lengths or widths of the projection surfaces  6  to form a matrix structure. Moreover, the constructed projection surfaces  6  can be made to form an overlapping state, thereby increasing illumination brightness of the projection surface  6 , as well as enabling a more uniform brightness. The projection surfaces form rectangular projection areas after undergoing the effects as depicted in  FIGS. 3 and 4 , and the rectangular projection areas can be used to illuminate street surfaces, or projected onto indoor rectangular surfaces for use thereof. 
     After specification of the projection surfaces  6  from the effects of  FIGS. 5 and 6 , then optical density thereof is concentrated on the central longitudinal line and the two long sides of the projection surfaces  6 . Moreover, the projection surface  6  can be roughly differentiated into three illuminance areas, that is three different lumen areas, basically including the two sides having an illuminance of 40 (lux), decreasing progressively towards the center having an illuminance of 30 (lux) and 20 (lux). Furthermore, after overlapping with the projection surface  6  of another of the light projecting units  100 , light density and brightness uniformity is strengthened between the three areas. 
     The present invention uses the aforementioned principle as the means to accumulate lumen for implementation in an illuminating apparatus for use thereof. Referring to  FIGS. 7 and 8 , which show a plurality of the light projecting units  100  arranged on the surface of a light emitting surface  41  of a light fixture  4  in a matrix fashion, wherein each of the light projecting units  100  has its associated optical illumination function of producing the projection surface  6  from the light stimulating unit  3  as depicted in  FIG. 6 . The plurality of light projecting units  100  are assembled on the circuit board  5  similar to  FIG. 2 , moreover, a heat dissipation mechanism must be provided. Hence, each edge of the light emitting surface  41  of the light fixture  4  is provided with heat dissipating holes  43 , thereby enabling an exchange of internal heat with the external cold air to achieve heat dissipation effectiveness. A connecting portion  42  is fitted to one side of the light fixture  4  for fixing to a wall surface or high fixture to enable projecting light illumination to the ground. 
     Referring again to  FIG. 8 , after disposition of the plurality of light projecting units  100  in a matrix arrangement, from a lateral view of the disposition, the distribution of the plurality of light projecting units  100  in the interior of the light fixture  4  can be seen, and the illumination angle of a light beam B associated with each of the light projecting units  100  is 120 degrees. The light projecting units  100  are assembled abreast in a front-to-back sequential arrangement, thus, the angle of the respective refracted light beam of each of the light projecting units  100  is the same, and the light paths of the light beams B sequentially overlap alongside each other. Moreover, after assembling the plurality of light projecting units  100 , the light emitting angle of the entire light fixture  4  is also 120 degrees, by inference, the overall illumination angle of the meridian directions of the light fixture  4  is also 60 degrees similar to the specification depicted in  FIG. 5 . Accordingly, using the implementation depicted in  FIG. 7 , a plurality of the light projecting units  100  can be assembled to enable forming a relatively higher illuminance having functionality for external lighting. 
     Referring to  FIG. 9 , the present invention is also applicable for use on ground surface areas provided with two parallel borderlines, such as use on roads, and based on pilot studies carried out with the present invention, on a standard four lane road, 16.5 meters wide, the light fixtures  4  can be installed at 24 meter distances mutually facing along the two borderlines of the road, and illuminating height of the light fixtures  4  is 8 meters. 
     Referring to  FIG. 10 , after implementation of  FIG. 9 , the light fixtures  4  are able to illuminate required projection surfaces  601 ,  602 ,  603 ,  604  on the road surface. The combined illumination area of the projection surfaces  601 ,  602 ,  603 ,  604  is used to compose an illumination area sufficient to cover the requirements of the road surface area. 
     Similar to the projection surfaces  6  of  FIG. 6 , it can be similarly inferred that the distribution of light density of the projection surfaces  601 ,  602 ,  603 ,  604  projected from the respective light fixtures  4  (as depicted in  FIGS. 9 and 10 ) forms three different light and shade sub-area effects. 
     The illumination angle of the light fixture  4  can be adjusted to cause each of the projection surfaces  601 ,  602 ,  603 ,  604  to overlap. Accordingly, pilot studies with the present invention have shown that when the projection surfaces  601 ,  602 ,  603 ,  604  are adjusted to produce projection areas of more regular light density, then higher light density is concentrated in the center of the road, having an illuminance reaching 40 (lux), and the two sides of the road can similarly achieve a illuminance of 40 (lux). Hence, implementation of such a configuration on a 16.5 meter wide, four lane standard road is sufficient to meet the navigational needs of drivers at night, and enables achieving a concrete lighting implementation for a road or street. Because the simulation test for the present invention was implemented on a 16.5 meter wide, four lane standard road, if implemented on a street less than 16.5 meters wide, or 8 meter wide streets, then the light fixtures  4  need only be implemented on a single side along the street route, and there is no need for symmetrical disposition along the two sides of the street. 
     Under the conditions depicted in  FIG. 6  of the present invention, and under circumstances whereby a plurality of the light fixtures  4  are implemented, and each of the projection surfaces  6  are combined, then the projection surfaces  6  can be made to form an optical display of extremely uniform brightness (as depicted in  FIG. 11 ). A plurality of the light fixtures  4  can be implemented on a single projection surface  6 , and after changing the projection angle of each of the light fixtures  4 , then projection effectiveness producing extreme uniform brightness and accumulated high lumen can be achieved by overlapping association of the light beams, such as overlapping the projection surfaces  601 ,  602 ,  603 ,  604  close to an identical angular position, then, as for the projection areas of  FIG. 6 , the projection surface  6  can be made to obtain an optically illuminated surface of extremely uniform brightness and high density through overlapping of the projection surfaces  601 ,  602 ,  603 ,  604  according to actual requirements of the projection surface  6 . 
     It is of course to be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention and that a wide variety of modifications thereto may be effected by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.