Abstract:
The invention concerns a vehicle rear view mirror, notably for an automobile, comprising a casing that contains an entrance sealed by a mirror, first drive means for pivoting the mirror on a first axis, second drive means for pivoting said mirror on a second axis perpendicular to the first axis and control means for selectively actuating the first and second drive means, the control means comprising a single rotating drive motor device.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION  
         [0001]    This application claims priority to France Patent Application Serial No. 03 00298, filed Jan. 13, 2003. The disclosure of the above application is incorporated herein by reference.  
         FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    The present invention relates to the field of automotive side view mirror mechanisms having several pre-programmed positions controlling an actuator that moves the mirror to a user selected position.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0003]    The mechanism provided in the present rear view mirrors for pivoting the mirror is generally complex, expensive and difficult to install by reason of the small dimensions of the housing that receives the mirror and drive means.  
           [0004]    The present invention is intended to correct these problems and, in order to do so, its object is a rear view mirror having the structure indicated above and which is characterized in that the control means comprises a single rotating drive motor device.  
           [0005]    The presence of a single motor device clearly makes it possible to construct the rear view mirror according to the invention with a structure simpler and more compact than that of the present rear view mirrors. It further makes it possible to lower production costs substantially.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0006]    A vehicle rear view mirror, notably for an automobile, comprising a casing that contains an entrance sealed by a mirror, a first drive means for pivoting the mirror on a first axis, second drive means for pivoting the mirror on a second axis perpendicular to the first axis and control means for selectively actuating the first and second drive means.  
           [0007]    According to one particular embodiment of the invention, the first drive means preferably comprises a first cylindrical member rotary mounted and containing a first ramp defining a closed loop having a high point and a low point situated in two diametrically opposite positions and two first followers borne by a clamp projecting on the back face of the mirror, those first followers bearing on the first ramp in two locations situated in diametrically opposite positions and moving along the said first ramp when the first cylindrical member is driven in rotation by the motor device.  
           [0008]    The second drive means preferably comprises a second cylindrical member rotary mounted and containing a second ramp defining a closed loop having a high point and a low point situated in two diametrically opposite positions and two second followers, each carried by a clamp projecting on the back face of the mirror, those second followers bearing on the second ramp in two locations situated in diametrically opposite positions, moving along said second ramp when the second cylindrical member is driven in rotation by the motor device and extending in a direction perpendicular to that of the first followers.  
           [0009]    In order to reduce the frictional forces, the followers can advantageously consist of rollers resting on the ramps and carried by clamps projecting on the back face of the mirror.  
           [0010]    Furthermore, in order for the rear view mirror to have a very compact shape, it is desirable for the first and second cylindrical members to be coaxial.  
           [0011]    According to a first working variant, the axial opening of the first cylindrical member preferably contains a first part having, in cross section, the same dimensions as those of the axial opening of the second cylindrical member, and a second part having, in cross section, dimensions larger than those of the first part and in which the second cylindrical member is received.  
           [0012]    Angularly equidistant teeth having a radial face are formed preferably in the interior surface of the first part of the axial opening of the first member and in the interior surface of the axial opening of the second member, the teeth of the first member have an orientation opposite that of the teeth of the second member.  
           [0013]    In the embodiment according to the first variant, it is preferable for the first ramp to be arranged in the interior surface of the second part of the axial opening of the first cylindrical member, and for the second ramp to be in the exterior peripheral surface of the second cylindrical member.  
           [0014]    In addition, the clamps projecting on the back face of the mirror extend preferably in an annular space arranged between the first and second cylindrical members, so that the rear view mirror can be constructed in an even more compact form.  
           [0015]    According to a second working variant, the first and second cylindrical members are preferably identical and placed coaxially one after the other in opposite positions.  
           [0016]    The use of identical elements makes it possible, of course, to simplify the structure of the rear view mirror and to lower the cost of the latter.  
           [0017]    Furthermore, angularly equidistant teeth having a radial face are preferably formed in the interior surface of the openings of the first and second cylindrical members.  
           [0018]    In the embodiment according to the second variant, first and second ramps formed in the exterior peripheral surfaces of the first and second cylindrical members each define a closed loop having a high point and a low point situated in two diametrically opposite positions, followers bearing on said ramps respectively in two locations situated in diametrically opposite positions and moving along them when the cylindrical members are driven in rotation by the motor device.  
           [0019]    Furthermore, clamps carrying the followers and projecting on the back face of the mirror extend preferably along exterior peripheral surfaces of the first and second cylindrical members, following an axial direction.  
           [0020]    A coupling device connected to the motor device is inserted in the openings of the first and second cylindrical members and contains on its lateral surface first pawls oriented in one direction and second pawls oriented in the opposite direction, the first pawls engaging solely with the teeth of one of the annular members when the motor device drives the coupling device in rotation in one direction, while the second pawls engage solely with the teeth of the other annular member when the motor device drives the coupling device in rotation in the opposite direction.  
           [0021]    This set of arrangements provides pivoting of the mirror on the first and second axes both safely and regularly under the sole command of the motor device. Additionally, the first and second drive means and the control means are housed in a cylindrical receptacle situated inside the casing that contains a back provided with openings through which the clamps projecting on the rear face of the mirror extend. This receptacle protects the two cylindrical members, while ensuring that they remain in their respective positions and, consequently, enable the rear view mirror to operate with complete safety.  
           [0022]    The motor device consists of an electric motor mounted in a circuit containing a current inverter that provides a rotation of the motor in both directions.  
           [0023]    The circuit of the motor can advantageously include two potentiometers, each containing a conductive track and a sliding contact. The conductive tracks are situated on the opposite faces of a fixed annular support inserted between the first and second cylindrical members, while the sliding contacts are respectively integral with those members. Several positions on the sliding contacts correspond to selected adjustment positions of the mirror which are pre-programmed. Several conductors are synchronized with the pre-programmed adjustment positions. The conductors can be used to rapidly position the mirror to the pre-programmed positions by selecting the desired adjustment position using a keyboard.  
           [0024]    Further areas of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description provided herein after. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0025]    Two embodiments of this invention will be described below by way of non-limiting examples with reference to the attached drawings in which:  
         [0026]    [0026]FIG. 1 is a front view of a rear view mirror according to the invention, said rear view mirror being intended to be fastened on the left door of a vehicle, which is partially represented in dot-and-dash lines;  
         [0027]    [0027]FIG. 2 is a schematic top view with cutaway of the rear view mirror shown in FIG. 1;  
         [0028]    [0028]FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the mirror adjustment mechanism of the rear view mirror shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;  
         [0029]    [0029]FIG. 4 is a view of the back face of the plate bearing the mirror;  
         [0030]    [0030]FIG. 5 is a view in perspective and in section of the adjustment mechanism in mounted position, the clamps carrying the roller being omitted for sake of clarity of the drawing; and  
         [0031]    [0031]FIG. 6 is a view in perspective and in section of a working variant of the adjustment mechanism. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0032]    The following description of the preferred embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.  
         [0033]    The rear view mirror that can be seen in FIG. 1 is intended to be fastened on the left door P of a vehicle, such as a car or a truck. It could, however, be installed on the right door of the vehicle with certain structural modifications that can be easily made by one having ordinary skill in the art.  
         [0034]    The rear view mirror includes a casing  1  integral with a support  2  intended to be fastened on the door P in a conventional manner.  
         [0035]    The casing  1 , which can be made of metal or plastic, contains an entrance  3  sealed by a mirror  4 .  
         [0036]    As will emerge from the description below, the casing  1  contains first drive means  5  intended to pivot the mirror  4  on a first axis, second drive means  6  intended to pivot said mirror on a second axis perpendicular to the first axis, and control means  7  for selectively actuating the first and second drive means  5 ,  6  and enabling the driver of the vehicle to adjust the mirror  4  to the proper position.  
         [0037]    The first means  5  is depicted in FIGS. 3 and 5. The drive means  5  includes a first cylindrical member  8  rotary-mounted in the casing  1  and containing a first ramp  9  defining a closed loop having a high point  9   a  and a low point  9   b  situated in diametrically opposite positions. Inside of the ramp  9  are two rollers  10   a ,  10   b . The two rollers  10   a ,  10   b  are each connected to a free end of a clamp  11 , that are each carried by a circular plate  12  that is fastened to the back face of the mirror  4 . The rollers  10   a ,  10   b  bear on the first ramp  9  in two diametrically opposite locations and are capable of rolling along that ramp when the first member  8  is driven in rotation on its axis.  
         [0038]    Referring to FIG. 4, it will be observed that the rollers  10   a ,  10   b  are turned toward the periphery of the circular plate  12  and that their axes of rotation extend coaxially with a diameter of the circular plate  12 .  
         [0039]    The second drive means  6 , which is depicted in FIGS. 3 and 5, comprises a second cylindrical member  13  rotary-mounted in the first member  8 . The second cylindrical member  13  contains a second ramp  14  that defines a closed loop having a high point  14   a  and a low point  14   b  situated in two diametrically opposite positions. Inside of the second ramp  14  are two rollers  15   a ,  15   b . The two rollers  15   a ,  15   b  are each connected to a free end of a clamp  16 , that are each carried by circular plate  12  that is fastened to the back face of the mirror  4 .  
         [0040]    The rollers  15   a ,  15   b  are identical to rollers  10   a ,  10   b . They bear on the second ramp  14  in two diametrically opposite locations and are capable of rolling along that ramp when the second element  13  is driven in rotation on its axis.  
         [0041]    As FIG. 4 shows, the rollers  15   a ,  15   b  are turned toward each other, in contrast to rollers  10   a ,  10   b , which are directed toward the periphery of the plate  12 . FIG. 4 also shows that the clamps  16  are symmetrical in relation to the diameter, which is coaxial with the axes of rotation of rollers  10   a ,  10   b.    
         [0042]    Returning to FIG. 3, it will be observed that the first cylindrical member  8  possesses an axial opening containing a first part  8   a  having, in cross section, the same dimensions as those of the axial opening of the second cylindrical member  13 , and a second part  8   b  having, in cross section, dimensions greater than those of part  8   a  and in which a second member  13  is received. Angularly equidistant teeth  17 , having a radial face and extending axially, are formed in the interior surface of part  8   a , while the first ramp  9  is arranged in the interior surface of part  8   b.    
         [0043]    Teeth  18  are also formed in the interior surface of the axial opening of the second cylindrical member  13 . Those teeth  18  are identical to teeth  17 , but their orientation is opposite that of the teeth  17 . The second ramp  14 , it is arranged in the exterior peripheral surface of the second member  13 .  
         [0044]    Referring now to FIG. 5, it will be observed that the second member  13 , when placed in the second part  8   b  of the first member  8 , provides an annular space  19  with the interior surface of that second part  8   b.    
         [0045]    Both of the clamps  11  and both of the clamps  16  extend into the space that receives the ramp  9 , against which rollers  10   a ,  10   b  are supported, and the ramp  14 , against which rollers  15   a ,  15   b  are supported.  
         [0046]    The control means  7  is provided to turn selectively the first and second cylindrical members  8  and  13 . The control means  7  comprises an electric motor  20  mounted in an electric circuit (not represented) containing a current inverter. Thus, by actuating the inverter, a user can turn the output shaft of the motor in either direction. The control means  7  also includes a coupling device  21  integrated for rotation with the output shaft of the motor  20  and inserted into the axial openings of the cylindrical members  8  and  13 .  
         [0047]    As FIG. 3 shows, the coupling device  21  having on its cylindrical lateral surface first pawls  22  oriented clockwise and second pawls  23  oriented counterclockwise. The first pawls  22  are situated at the bottom of the device  21  so as to be at the height of the teeth  17  of part  8   a  of the axial opening of the first cylindrical member  8 . As for the second pawls  23 , they are situated at the top of the lateral surface of the device  21 , so as to be at the height of the teeth  18  of the axial opening- of the second cylindrical member  13 . When the output shaft of the motor  20  turns clockwise, it drives the coupling device  21  with it. The pawls  22  of the latter then engage with the teeth  17  of the cylindrical member  8 , which is driven in rotation in the same direction. Consequently, the rollers  10   a ,  10   b  roll along the ramp  9  and enable the mirror  4  to pivot on the first axis.  
         [0048]    When the coupling device  21  turns clockwise, its pawls  23  move along the teeth  18  of the cylindrical member  13  without being able to engage with them. The cylindrical member  13  therefore remains immobile. If the output shaft of the motor  20  turns counterclockwise, the pawls  23  of the coupling device  21  engage with the teeth  18  of the cylindrical member  13 . The cylindrical member is then driven in rotation, which enables the rollers  15   a ,  15   b  to roll along the ramp  14  and make the mirror  4  pivot on the second axis.  
         [0049]    During this time, the pawls  22  of the coupling device  21  move along the teeth  17  of the cylindrical member  8  without being able to engage with them. The cylindrical member  8  therefore remains immobile.  
         [0050]    In the embodiment just described, the electric circuit of the motor  20  includes a first potentiometer containing a conductive track  24  and a sliding contact  25  and a second potentiometer containing a conductive track  26  and a sliding contact  27 .  
         [0051]    As FIG. 5 shows, the conductive tracks  24 ,  26  are situated on the opposite faces of an annular support  28  immobilized between the cylindrical members  8 ,  13 , while the sliding contracts  25 ,  27  are integral with the first member  8  and the second member  13 .  
         [0052]    The two potentiometers mounted in the electric circuit of the motor  20  provide several adjustment positions of the rear view mirror defined by pre-programmed positions on the sliding contacts  25 ,  27 , which correspond to particular orientations of the mirror  4 . Thus, the customary users of the vehicle can adjust the rear view mirror in the proper position by selecting the particular memorized position that they themselves placed in memory. This adjustment can be made very rapidly, for example, by depressing a particular key of a keyboard installed in the vehicle within reach of the driver.  
         [0053]    [0053]FIG. 6 schematically represents another adjustment mechanism of a rear view mirror according to the invention. This mechanism has numerous similarities to the one just described with reference to FIGS.  1  to  5 . It includes a first rotary cylindrical member  58  containing a first ramp  59  defining a closed loop having a high point and a low point, two followers  60  bearing on the first ramp  59  at two diametrically opposite locations, a second rotary cylindrical member  63  containing a second ramp  64  defining in turn a closed loop having a high point and a low point, two followers  65  bearing on the second ramp  64  at two diametrically opposite locations and control means  67  for selectively turning the first and second cylindrical members  58 ,  63 .  
         [0054]    The cylindrical members  58 ,  63  are identical and arranged coaxially one after the other in opposite positions. They contain angularly equidistant teeth  67 ,  68  that are respectively arranged vertically in the interior surface of their axial opening.  
         [0055]    [0055]FIG. 6 shows the teeth  67 ,  68  having a radial face. As the members  58 ,  63  are placed in opposite positions, their respective teeth will have opposite orientations. The followers  60  have, at the lower end, two pawls  61  integral with the back face of the mirror (not represented in FIG. 6), while followers  65  have, at the lower end, two clamps  66  also integral with the back face of the mirror. Like the clamps  11  and  16  of the first embodiment, clamps  61  and  66  are placed along two perpendicular diameters.  
         [0056]    The ramps  59 ,  64  are arranged in the exterior peripheral surfaces of the cylindrical members  58 ,  63 . The clamps  61 ,  66  extend along those exterior peripheral surfaces in an axial direction.  
         [0057]    The control means  67  comprises an electric motor  70  mounted in an electric circuit similar to that of the motor  20  of the rear view mirror described with reference to FIGS.  1  to  5 , and a coupling device  71  integral on rotation with the output shaft of the motor  70 . The coupling device  71  is inserted in the axial openings of the cylindrical members  58  and  63  and contains on its lateral surface first pawls  72  oriented clockwise and second pawls  73  oriented counterclockwise. The pawls  72  are situated at the height of the teeth  67  of the cylindrical member  58 , while pawls  73  are situated at the height of the teeth  68  of cylindrical member  63 . Considering that the pawls  72  and  73  perform the same function as pawls  22  and  23  of the coupling device  21  of the rear view mirror described with reference to FIGS.  1  to  5 , a description of the operation of the adjustment mechanism represented in FIG. 6 will be omitted here.  
         [0058]    It is evident from the foregoing that the present invention makes it possible to construct a rear view mirror containing a compact adjustment mechanism with only one motor device and the operation of which is reliable.  
         [0059]    The description of the invention is merely exemplary in nature and, thus, variations that do not depart from the gist of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention.