Abstract:
A modular-construction vacuum-coating system includes a plurality of functional chambers arranged one behind the other along a longitudinal extent in which substrates are moved through the chambers in a substrate-transporting region. To lower the production-related and installation-related outlay involved in supplying media, a functional chamber, as a first submodule, is arranged in a first module and provided with an outer interface which is the same for at least a second module.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a national stage filing under section 371 of International Application No. PCT/EP2011/059813 filed on Jun. 14, 2011, and published in German on Dec. 15, 2011 as WO 2011/154554 A1 and claims priority of German application No. 10 2010 030 006.3 filed on Jun. 11, 2010, the entire disclosure of these applications being hereby incorporated herein by reference. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     The invention relates to a modular-construction vacuum-coating system with a plurality of functional chambers which are arranged one behind the other along a longitudinal extent in which substrates are moved through the chambers in a substrate transport region. 
     Vacuum-coating systems are defined by functional and physical division. 
     The physical division defines a visible configuration of a vacuum-coating system. The physical configuration does not necessarily correspond to the functional configuration. 
     The parts of the physical division of a vacuum-coating system  1  are system chambers  2  and sections  3 , such as are illustrated in  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 . To distinguish between the physical and the functional division, the (physical) chambers are designated as system chambers  2 . 
     A structural unit connected in a materially integral way and containing stiffening elements  4  is designated as a system chamber  2  of a vacuum-coating system. Connected to the stiffening elements  4  are wallings  5  which enclose a vacuum space  6 . The wallings  5  are formed from a chamber floor, chamber walls and a chamber ceiling. A walling  5  may also be formed from a cover laid on a sealing surface. 
     The stiffening elements  4  of the system chamber  2  may lie inside the vacuum space  6 , as illustrated in  FIG. 1 . At least part of the system chamber  2  then consequently projects into the vacuum space  6 . 
     Correspondingly, solutions are also known in which the system chamber  2  constitutes a structural unit as a kind of “skeleton” which dispenses with stiffening elements  4  in the vacuum space since these are arranged outside the vacuum space  6 . 
     A plurality of system chambers  2  are conventionally connectable to one another by means of releasable connections, usually via chamber flanges. Each system chamber  2  can then have a dedicated vacuum space. The vacuum of vacuum spaces adjacent to one another may also merge one into the other and consequently form a unit. 
     A portion which is delimited by walls  7  fastened in the vacuum space  6  transversely to the longitudinal extent of the vacuum-coating system and which is located inside a vacuum space  6  is designated as a section  3 . 
     Insofar as essentially one function is performed in a section  3 , the sections may also be designated by the designation of this function for which they mainly serve, such as process section, pumping section, coating section or the like. 
     The functional division describes a configuration, determined by the function of the individual parts, of a vacuum-coating system. The functional division is not necessarily visible. 
     The parts of the functional division are chambers  8  and compartments  9 , as illustrated in  FIG. 3 . 
     A chamber  8  is a unit with one or more interacting functions within the limits of one or more connected physical system chambers  2 . 
     The chambers  8  of the functional division may also be designated by the designation of the function for which they mainly serve, such as process chamber. Since all the chambers  8  serve for accommodating the vacuum, they may also be designated in general as vacuum chambers. 
     The compartments  9  may also be named by the designation of their function, for example as a pumping compartment, sputtering compartment, gas separation compartment or the like. 
     A compartment  9  is a functional unit inside a chamber  8  of a longitudinally extended vacuum-coating system, to which functional unit a function is unequivocally attributed and which functional unit is arranged in succession with other such functional units along the longitudinal extent of the vacuum-coating system. Compartments  9  preferably have an identical length. A compartment  9  may be formed above or below the substrate transport region or so as to include the substrate transport region. 
     A configuration of a 3-chamber system or a 5-chamber system will be given as an example of a functional division: 
     A 3-chamber system, as illustrated in  FIG. 4 , is composed of 
     a first (functional) chamber  10 , to be precise the entry lock C 1  (in a physical system chamber  2 ), 
     a second (functional) chamber  11 , itself composed of
         a first transfer chamber C 3  (in a physical system chamber  2 ),   a process chamber C 4 . 1  and possible further process chambers C 4 . x  to C 4 . n  (in one or more physical system chambers ( 2 ) and   a second transfer chamber C 5  (in a physical system chamber  2 ), and       

     a third (functional) chamber  12 , to be precise the exit lock C 7  (in a physical system chamber  2 ). 
     A 5-chamber system, as illustrated in  FIG. 5 , is composed of 
     a first (functional) chamber  13 , to be precise the entry lock C 1  (in a physical system chamber  2 ), 
     a second (functional) chamber  14 , to be precise a first buffer chamber C 2  (in a physical system chamber  2 ), 
     a third (functional) chamber  15 , itself composed of
         a first transfer chamber C 3  (in a physical system chamber  2 ),   a process chamber C 4 . 1  or possible further process chambers C 4 . x  to C 4 . n  (in a physical system chamber  2 ) and   a second transfer chamber C 5  (in a physical system chamber  2 ),       

     a fourth (functional) chamber  16 , to be precise a second buffer chamber C 6  (in a physical system chamber  2 ) and 
     a fifth (functional) chamber  17 , to be precise the exit lock C 7  (in a physical system chamber  2 ). 
     All the chambers  10  to  17  have to be supplied with different media. Such media are, in particular, a vacuum, compressed air, gases, water, current and data. 
     The various media supplies are combined wholly or partially, depending on the system. Thus, it is possible to combine the current supply for the entire system and to supply each individual chamber  10  to  17  from this. The chambers requiring a water supply are fed from a central water supply, etc. 
     The disadvantage in this case is that the media supply has to be planned and adapted individually for each vacuum-coating system, thus resulting in a high outlay in terms of production and installation. 
     Accordingly, the object of the invention is to lower the outlay in terms of production and installation in media supplies of vacuum-coating systems. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     Accordingly, a functional chamber is arranged as a first submodule in a module which is provided with an outer interface identical for at least one second module. 
     Such an interface configuration makes it possible to manufacture the modules completely as units, since the individual set-up can be implemented in the module itself. These modules have an identical outward configuration. 
     In this case, there is the possibility that the interface is designed as a media interface supplying the first submodule with at least one medium. It is expedient, however, also to provide connection possibilities for other media at the interface, even if these are not required in the module. This results in a unification of the interface throughout the entire vacuum-coating system. 
     The term “media” is understood here to mean all that is delivered to a module or discharged from a module, in particular data, switching signals, safety signals, water, electrical energy or gases. 
     Internal media distribution can preferably be implemented in that the module has arranged in it in each case a second submodule which acts as a media supply for the first submodule and which is provided with the outer media interface identical for all modules. 
     Preferably, a media line is arranged continuously through the entire vacuum-coating system, to which media line a module is connected by means of its second submodule via the outer media interface of the latter. In this case, there is the possibility of simply looping through media which are not required at a module. 
     As already defined, the media may be of many different kinds. Accordingly, in one refinement, the interface of the second submodule has a connection at least to a media line from the group comprising a databus line, emergency/off loop, safety loop, water line, current supply line and gas line. 
     The modular set-up can preferably be continued in that it is not restricted only to media. Accordingly, there is provision for designing the interface as a connection interface connecting the first submodule to a first submodule of an adjacent module. Such a connection interface may be of purely mechanical design, for example as a flange between two system chambers or as an interface between the parts of the transport system which lie in each chamber. 
     A module may in this case also have at least two interfaces, to be precise a first interface, which is designed as a media interface, and a second interface, which is designed as a connection interface. It is consequently possible to produce completely independent modules. 
     For central supply tasks, for example for central media sources or the installation of a system computer, it is possible that a sum module supplying a plurality of modules of the vacuum-coating system with one or more media is arranged. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING FIGURES 
       The invention will be explained in more detail below by means of an exemplary embodiment. In the accompanying drawings: 
         FIG. 1  shows a physical division of a vacuum-coating system with an internal system chamber according to the prior art, 
         FIG. 2  shows a physical division of a vacuum-coating system with an external system chamber according to the prior art, 
         FIG. 3  shows a functional division of a vacuum-coating system according to the prior art, 
         FIG. 4  shows a diagrammatic illustration of a 3-chamber system according to the prior art, 
         FIG. 5  shows a diagrammatic illustration of a 5-chamber system according to the prior art, 
         FIG. 6  shows a module according to the invention, 
         FIG. 7  shows a module according to the invention with submodules, 
         FIG. 8  shows a module according to the invention with a chamber, divided into compartments, as a first submodule, 
         FIG. 9  shows an assembly of modules to form a vacuum-coating system, 
         FIG. 10  shows a diagrammatic arrangement of a sum module, 
         FIG. 11  shows an illustration of a multi-level model, and 
         FIG. 12  shows an illustration of a complete vacuum-coating system according to the invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       FIG. 1  to  FIG. 5  show a vacuum-coating system  1  according to the prior art, as described above. A certain modular type of construction is already implemented in this, in that it is subdivided into chambers  8  and compartments  9  and, for example, there is an effort to configure the chambers  8  with an identical length, as illustrated in  FIG. 4  and  FIG. 5 , in order thereby to arrive at a higher degree of repeatability in terms of components. 
     According to the invention, a functional chamber  8  is arranged as a first submodule  18  in a module  19  which is provided with an outer interface  20  identical for other modules. 
     Such an interface  20  may be designed as a media interface  21  such that it can be connected to a databus line  22 , an emergency/off loop  23 , a safety loop  24 , a water line, a current supply line or a gas line. The drawings illustrate diagrammatically only the databus line  22 , emergency/off loop  23  and safety loop  24  to represent all the possible media lines. It is therefore possible to lead the media lines  22 ;  23 ;  24  through the entire vacuum-coating system  1  in a unitary way. A single individual connection of each chamber  8  to the media apparatus may therefore be dispensed with. For selected media, on account of their media demand, there is the possibility of supplying the module  19  or submodule  18  directly from a sum module, as may be implemented, for example, in the supply of electrical energy. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 7 , to  FIG. 9 , the module  19  has arranged in it in each case a second submodule  25  which acts as a media supply for the first submodule  18  and which is provided with the outer media interface  21  identical for all the modules  19 . A module  19  is consequently connected by means of its second submodule  25  via the outer media interface  21  of the latter. 
     If a chamber  8  as a first submodule  18  contains a plurality of compartments  9 , the second submodule  25  may be designed such that each compartment  9  can be connected to the various media according to its function. Despite this individual internal configuration, however, the module  19  has outwardly a uniform configuration of the interface  20 . 
     There is also the possibility that a chamber  8  requires only a selection of media. For example, a lock chamber will not require water. In this case, nevertheless, a water connection is provided by the module  19  at the media interface  21 . The water line is then simply “looped through” in the module  19 , in particular in the second submodule  25 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 9 , the media interfaces  21  of the individual modules  19  may also be designed such that they are connected directly to the in each case adjacent module and a closed media line  22 ;  23 ;  24  is thus formed. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 7 , however, submodule formation may be carried out beyond straightforward media supply. To be precise, the transport system for transporting the substrates inside a chamber  8  may thus be designed as a third submodule  26  in that it is provided with connection interfaces  27 . These connection interfaces  27  are then suitable for connecting the third submodule  26  to a third submodule  26  of an adjacent module, that is to say that portion of the transport system which belongs to a chamber  8  to the portion of the transport system in the adjacent chamber  8 . 
       FIG. 10  illustrates a sum module  28 . Such a sum module  28  is provided in the vacuum-coating system  1  for each medium and ensures that the media supply of the respective medium to all the modules  19  is combined. A sum module  28  of this type may comprise, for example, a central water treatment system or central energy distribution. 
     It consequently becomes clear that the set-up according to the invention implements in a vacuum-coating system  1  a multi-level model, as illustrated in  FIG. 11 , thus ensuring a high degree of repeatability, particularly at levels 2 and 3. It also becomes possible to manufacture the modules  19  and sum modules  28  completely separately and to test them after manufacture. A complete test has hitherto been possible according to the prior art only after the completion of the entire vacuum-coating system  1 . The modules  19  and sum modules  28  can then be brought essentially in a complete state to the place of assembly. They essentially merely have to be connected there. The outlay in terms of assembly is reduced considerably.  FIG. 12  shows the very clearly subdivided set-up of a vacuum-coating system  1  completed in this way.