Abstract:
A chromatic processor and a computational process which includes the steps of assigning values to wavelengths of a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum; using electromagnetic emitters for emitting waves having some of those wavelengths; expanding the number of waves available to the computational process by controlling the electromagnetic emitters input to a blended wave output; and combining some of the available waves in order to obtain new wave(s) representing new value(s).

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
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     STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
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     REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING, A TABLE, OR A COMPUTER PROGRAM LISTING COMPACT DISC APPENDIX 
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     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates generally to the field of computing and processing, and particularly, to methods and system for using electromagnetic waves for performing mathematical and logical operations. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     State of the art data processing and computational technologies have been enabled by the advances made in electronics, leading to increasing speed and power of digital computers. However, serious problems exist. First, power consumption and heating rise due to rising clock frequencies. Secondly, the strides made in the processor technology are becoming increasingly redundant as more bottlenecks are being reached due to the disparity between processing units and memory. Thus, there is a need for a new process and system for mathematical and logical computation that increases computational power while consuming less electricity, emitting less heat and allowing for more data to be processed in a single cycle. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key aspects or essential aspects of the claimed subject matter. Moreover, this Summary is not intended for use as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter. 
     In one exemplary embodiment a new process for mathematical and logical computation is provided. Electromagnetic emitters, replacing the binary computation of previous computers, may expand the power of a computational device as each “channel” or wavelength could be used to represent information rather than electrical circuit switches being on or off (i.e., ground and voltage), commonly referred to as “zeroes and ones.” Using this model and various techniques combined together, may be used to solve the main issues stunting the growth of computational technology today. By removing some of the electrical components, this process provides a solution to power consumption and heating problem. This is because objects such as busses would need to transfer light instead of current. Such buses would be now fiber optics for example. 
     In addition, with this method and system, given the variability of the electromagnetic spectrum, a greater computational power, than that of existing integrated circuit based systems, may be achieved. 
     The above embodiments and advantages, as well as other embodiments and advantages, will become apparent from the ensuing description and accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       For exemplification purposes, and not for limitation purposes, embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1 a    is depicting a red, green, and blue (“RGB”) light-emitting diode (“LED”) emitting a spectrum of colors.  FIG 1 b    is depicting a color legend. 
         FIGS. 2 a - e    illustrate five exemplary ways of changing the wavelength of colors. 
         FIGS. 2 f  and 2 g    illustrate the visible spectrum and primary colors combinations, respectively. 
         FIGS. 3 a - b    illustrate an example of a “quantum” like way of processing in which electromagnetic waves are interchangeable with binary expressions and represent units of data or operations. 
         FIG. 4  expands on  FIG. 3 &#39;s principles but instead treats each visible spectrum wavelength as a unit of data and two other electromagnetic wavelengths (infrared and ultraviolet in this example) as the “operation” channels. 
         FIG. 5  is a diagram of the electromagnetic spectrum. 
         FIG. 6  illustrates and example of “channels” which each wavelength may form when directed through mediums such as fiber optic cables. 
         FIG. 7  illustrates two wavelengths which are superimposed upon each other and directed through the same channel. 
         FIG. 8 - a  depicts an electromagnetic emitter in its most common form: a diode. 
         FIG. 8 - b  depicts a RGB LED under the influence of an analog or digital signal. 
         FIG. 9  depicts an exemplary circuit capable of influencing an electromagnetic emitter. 
         FIG. 10  depicts a diagrammatic view of an exemplary chromatic processor. 
         FIG. 11  is a diagrammatic view of an exemplary optical gate. 
         FIG. 12  shows an optical gate where the inputs come from a multiple die RGB LED based system. 
         FIG. 13  depicts an exemplary computational process using values assigned to wavelengths. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     What follows is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention in which the invention may be practiced. Reference will be made to the attached drawings, and the information included in the drawings is part of this detailed description. The specific preferred embodiments of the invention, which will be described herein, are presented for exemplification purposes, and not for limitation purposes. It should be understood that structural and/or logical modifications could be made by someone of ordinary skills in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention is defined by the accompanying claims and their equivalents. 
       FIG. 1 a    is depicting a red, green, and blue (“RGB”) light-emitting diode  101  (“LED”) emitting a spectrum of colors  102 .  FIG. 1 b    is depicting a color legend. The LED  101  is an example of electromagnetic emitters which may be used to implement the chromatic computing method and system described herein. However, other electromagnetic radiation emitting devices may be used (e.g., organic LED). Also, while a visible spectrum  102  is depicted in  FIG. 1 a   , invisible electromagnetic waves may be used as well to implement this method. As described later herein, methods, using components such as variable resistors (potentiometers), timers, and microprocessors, may be used, through analog or digital means, to change the intensity of a wave, by changing the current running through the diode, or the time (cycle) at which the emitter is on or off. By changing the intensity of a wave, its influence on a wave blend is also changing. Thus, a larger number of wave blend outputs may be obtained using the same number of waves as inputs, by simply manipulating the intensity of the input waves. 
       FIGS. 2 a - e    illustrate five exemplary techniques of changing the wavelength of colors: by “color combining” ( FIG. 2 a   ), saturation (add white;  FIG. 2 b   ), and/or red, green and blue “shifting,”  FIGS. 2   c,d,e , respectively. When used together one can add or subtract values, which is the basis of computing: “solving” problems as logical/mathematical equations. 
       FIGS. 2 f  and 2 g    illustrate the visible spectrum and primary colors combinations, respectively. The range in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum benefits the most from the computational process disclosed herein. Visible light is normally broken up into seven distinct colors or wavelengths: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. However, three of them (red, green, and blue) can be superimposed and/or diffused (blended) to create cyan, magenta, yellow or white light (i.e., all visible colors mixed). Furthermore, by applying the techniques disclosed herein, to the seven distinct colors, millions of colors could be described. 
       FIGS. 3 a - b    illustrate an example of a “quantum” like way of processing in which electromagnetic waves are interchangeable with binary expressions and represent units of data or operations. In this example an electromagnetic wave of a predetermined wavelength, depicted here in red, is associated with the binary number “0,” and another wavelength, depicted in purple, is associated with the binary number “1.” Furthermore, one wavelength depicted here in green is associated with the mathematical operation of addition and one wavelength depicted in blue is associated with subtraction. Based on this exemplary association of waves of predetermined wavelengths with binary numbers and mathematical operations, an equation may be “written” and solved using the respective waves as shown in the example from  FIG. 3 b   . The point here is that other waves/colors could describe operations (like one of the four basic operations consisting of addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division) on a separate “operation” channel with the benefit being that, depending on how many wavelengths or colors are being used, multiple mathematical and logical operations could be performed in one step (e.g., an addition and a subtraction in a single equation). 
       FIG. 4  expands on  FIG. 3 a   &#39;s principles but instead treats each visible spectrum wavelength (green and blue are shown only) as a unit of data and two other electromagnetic wavelengths (infrared and ultraviolet in this example) as the “operation” channels. This is just an example of an alternate assignment of electromagnetic waves to units of data (e.g., binary numbers; see  FIG. 3 a   ), mathematical operations (e.g., addition; see  FIG. 3 a   ), or logical operations (e.g., true or false)). It should be apparent that, the “operation” channels as well as the units of data may be relegated to electromagnetic waves of any wavelengths, whether visible or not. As suggested in  FIG. 4 , over 16.777 million colors may be available to represent units of data and/or operations when changing the output of each primary color in two hundred and fifty six degrees (i.e., 256×256×256=16,777,216). 
       FIG. 5  is a diagram of the electromagnetic spectrum. It should be noted that each part of the spectrum is represented by a distinct wave form and wavelength, and thus, different values (e.g., binary numbers, operations, etc) can be assigned to each one of them. Furthermore, by applying to them the control and/or combination techniques described herein, particularly to the waves from the visible spectrum, millions of wavelengths may be obtained. 
       FIG. 6  illustrates and example of “channels” which each electromagnetic wave may form when directed through mediums such as fiber optic cables. Other similar mediums, through which electromagnetic waves can travel, may be used to create channels. 
       FIG. 7  illustrates two waves (more may be used), which are superimposed upon each other and directed through the same channel. It should be noted that because they still retain their distinction they can be added or subtracted from each other in order to change values. This is one of the techniques that may be used to perform mathematical or logical operations using waves. 
       FIG. 8 - a  depicts an electromagnetic emitter in its most common form: a diode. The depicted diode comprises a base  801 , a die  802  and a lens  803 . The electromagnetic emitter may have a single die, in which case it will produce a specific frequency of the EMS (i.e., infrared or ultraviolet radiation), or, the electromagnetic emitter may have multiple dies, in which case it will produce multiple and/or different frequencies of the EMS. Both, the single die emitters or the multiple dies emitters may be used to practice the computational method described herein. However, using emitters with multiple dies, in combination with the wave mixing techniques described herein, may be preferred, as it allows describing a multitude of combined electromagnetic waves, and thus, a multitude of assignable values. Thus, more information would be passed per channel as each specific frequency can act as a unit of information. This is most advantageous to the visible spectrum range as millions of colors could be described. 
       FIG. 8 - b  depicts a RGB LED under the influence of an analog or a digital signal. Thus, in the case of a LED with multiple dies, the influence over each color die accounts for the spectrum of colors possible to be obtained with the respective LED. Naturally, the larger the number of influences and the larger the number of dies, the larger the number of obtainable colors will be. 
       FIG. 9  depicts an exemplary circuit capable of influencing an electromagnetic emitter  901 . As shown, the circuit may include a “555” timer  902 , potentiometer/variable resistor  903  and a microcontroller/processor  904 . Each component manipulates a digital signal  905 , an analog signal  906 , and both signals  907 , respectively. The circuit may control the brightness or influence of the emitter. 
     Analog and digital control over a wavelength or color can affect its brightness or in other words, how much the color or wavelength influences the final result (i.e., output) of a blended channel. For example, when using a RGB (red, green, blue) emitter as the input and the blended color as the output, analog or digital control would change the amount of red, green or blue, and thus, the color output. In the case of analog control, one would use something like a variable resistor ( 903  in  FIG. 9 ) to affect the current on a die (i.e., specific wavelength emitter). This technique directly affects brightness or influence by allowing the maximum allotted current to pass through, no current to pass through, or something in between. In the case of digital control, components such as a timer that controls duty cycle (expressed rate of active function aka being “on” over time) emulates brightness or influence by being “on” for longer or shorter duration. 
     A diffuser  12 - e  may be used to manipulate the output of blended colors. A diffuser  12 - e  is a material that encourages diffusion or the spreading of particles around in a medium until their positions are random and uniform. A diffuser  12 - e  allows for the creation of more colors, other than cyan, magenta, and yellow, when blending the primary red, blue, and green, and the possibility to distinguish the subtle nuances between related colors with minuscule differences in the influence the primary colors exert to make them. 
       FIG. 10  depicts a diagrammatic view of an exemplary chromatic processor. The top part  1001  show a group of components that may be used to influence the wavelength of the color emitted by the LEDs, as earlier described. The components shown are the timer, microcontroller and variable resistor, hereafter referred to as “controls.” 
     The second group  1002  depicts the electromagnetic emitters (LEDs, OLEDs, etc), which may be used to input information. They are what&#39;s being acted upon by the “controls.” The next group  1003  consists of information input channels or mediums that the electromagnetic waves travel through. As suggested in the diagram, they may be fiber optics. 
     There may be a separate section with its own emitter(s)  1004  and channel(s)  1005 , labeled as the operation channel(s) (one is shown for simplification purposes), which emits and transmits different wavelengths than the primary LEDs  1002  and information input channels  1003 . As earlier described, there may be an addition channel, a subtraction channel, and so on, as necessary to perform the desired mathematical and/or logical operations. 
     Next,  FIG. 10  diagram shows an “optical gate”  1006  which is connected to the operational channel(s)  1005 , information input channels  1003  and information output channels  1007 . The optical gate component  1006  is made out of chambers or rooms, that house photo resistors, LEDs, fiber optics, and mirrors. Using the mirrors and fiber optics, wavelengths are directed through apertures to information output channels  1007  or another LED is activated inside the “optic gate” by the photo resistors. The way the wavelengths are shifted is determined by the photo resistor in the chamber that reads data from the operation channel. 
     For example, in the optical gate depicted in  FIG. 11 , processing is more like the traditional, binary processing. The inputs  11 - a  enter the gate where they reside in “rooms”  11 - b . These “rooms” contain photodetectors (not shown) which produce an electrical current when stimulated by the photons of a certain wavelength. The operation channel also has its own room, (not shown) and when stimulated, works in conjunction with the photodetectors in the information channels&#39; rooms  11 - b  to guide the waves through the gate, which is arranged inside like a grid system  11 - c . This is accomplished through the use of a medium of travel (e.g., fiber optics), a reflecting/refracting system (e.g., crystals, mirror, beam splitter) and apertures at the intersections of the grid. In the example shown, the number four (0100) is added to the number three (0011) to make seven (0111 displayed in the example as 0000,0111) by shifting the positions of one of the “ones” and one of the “zeroes,” which is then outputted as such  11 - d.    
     The limitation comes in when there is not enough, or too many “ones” or “zeroes” to simply shift. An example would be adding one (0001) and three (0011). Since four is (0100) there would be an extra two “one” values. The solution for this is to instead of just shifting, the apertures between the rooms of two of the “one” values and the grid would remain closed as to not even enter the grid. The remaining “one” would shift as usual, and a beam splitter would split a couple of “zero” values into multiple beams which would also be shifted into position, resulting in four (0100). 
       FIG. 12  shows the inside of an optical gate where the inputs  12 - a  come from a multiple die RGB LED based system. In the illustration, one input channel caries a signal of pure yellow (the highest concentration of red, plus the highest concentration of green), and another carries the signal of pure blue where both signals enter into two different sides of a “room”  12 - b . The rooms in this system are similar to the rooms in the more “binary” based system ( FIG. 11 ); however, how both systems perform operations (e.g., addition or subtraction) is different due to the components inside. 
     The rooms in this system consist of two halves (compartments),  12 - b   1  and  12 - b   2 , separated by an aperture  12 - b   3 . Inside each compartment are three photodetectors (not shown), each attuned specifically to the wavelength of one of the primary colors, but, unlike the rooms in the first optical gate example ( FIG. 11 ), they have a reflecting/refracting system (the optical gate from  FIG. 11  also has it but its components are located in the grid system instead) and filters. For an additive statement, (as long as the result did not go over whatever the “value” of white light would be), the information from the operation channel would cause the aperture  12 - b   3  between the two compartments  12 - b   1 ,  12 - b   2  to open, and the result would be directed through its proper channel as the output. In the example used in  FIG. 12 , the result adds up to white  12 - d , and thus, white light was directed through the right channel  12 - c   1 . 
     In cases where the results add up to more than white, the white light beam is ran through a beam splitter (to make two of them) and if necessary, one beam is further changed by running it through the filters and possibly the reflection/refraction system to remove the excess color from the second beam (not needed if white is added to white). In this scenario, the output would be a signal of white on the first (rightmost) channel  12 - c   1  and whatever color is left over after the split and or filtration of the second beam on the next channel(s)  12 - c   2 . This example used black (no light) as there was no excess. In a subtraction statement, the wavelength being subtracted from simply gets run through a filter and or reflection/refraction system, and is then directed through the proper channels. 
     The information output channels  1007  ( FIG. 10 ) may be ultimately in communication with an output device such as a monitor or a printer. The LED group  1002  and/or the information input channels  1007  may be in communication with an input device such as a keyboard. 
     Again, there are two different constructs of chromatic mainframes corresponding to whether or not the chromatic mainframe is designed in a similar manner to a more traditional electrical based binary systems or one that utilizes multiple dies in a LED that, as earlier described, allows for millions of values to be represented and processed. 
     It may be advantageous to set forth definitions of certain words and phrases used in this patent document. The term “couple” and its derivatives refer to any direct or indirect communication between two or more elements, whether or not those elements are in physical contact with one another. The terms “include” and “comprise,” as well as derivatives thereof, mean inclusion without limitation. The term “or” is inclusive, meaning and/or. The phrases “associated with” and “associated therewith,” as well as derivatives thereof, may mean to include, be included within, interconnect with, contain, be contained within, connect to or with, couple to or with, be communicable with, cooperate with, interleave, juxtapose, be proximate to, be bound to or with, have, have a property of, or the like. 
     Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein for the purpose of disclosing the preferred embodiments, someone of ordinary skills in the art will easily detect alternate embodiments and/or equivalent variations, which may be capable of achieving the same results, and which may be substituted for the specific embodiments illustrated and described herein without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of this application is intended to cover alternate embodiments and/or equivalent variations of the specific embodiments illustrated and/or described herein. Hence, the scope of the invention is defined by the accompanying claims and their equivalents. Furthermore, each and every claim is incorporated as further disclosure into the specification and the claims are embodiment(s) of the invention.