Abstract:
An apparatus, which is for disaster prevention installed in a facility, includes a radio-frequency identification tag that stores at least one of a first data and a second data. The first data is related to the disaster prevention, and is transmitted by wireless communication. The second data is related to the disaster prevention, and is received by wireless communication.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]     1. Field of the Invention  
         [0002]     The present invention relates to a technology for providing data related to disaster prevention to an evacuee, a firefighter, and the like.  
         [0003]     2. Description of the Related Art  
         [0004]     Evacuation guiding lights (hereinafter, “guide lights”) are typically installed throughout a public facility such as a hotel or an underground shopping arcade. In the event of an emergency such as a fire, the guide lights guide people to an escape path or an escape gate so that they are safely evacuated.  
         [0005]     However, a predetermined escape path is not always the safest path. If a fire breaks out near the escape path, it needs to be changed to avoid the fire.  
         [0006]     One approach is to provide a host computer that collects data indicating a status of the fire. The host computer determines an optimal escape path based on the data collected, and displays the escape path on screens set in the facility so that people are safely evacuated (refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H6-111172).  
         [0007]     In another approach, instead of compiling the data at the host computer, a plurality of devices is provided throughout the facility. Each device determines a status of a fire in an area surrounding the device, and activates a guide light based on the determination (refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-298228).  
         [0008]     However, the conventional technology can only show an escape path, and cannot provide further details to evacuees, firefighters, or maintenance persons of disaster prevention equipment. Moreover, installation of the conventional system entails high-cost because special devices are used.  
         [0009]     Thus, there is a need for a low-cost system that can efficiently provide information to evacuees, firefighters, etc., to prevent a disaster.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0010]     An apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention, which is an apparatus for disaster prevention installed in a facility, includes a radio-frequency identification tag that stores at least one of a first data and a second data. The first data is related to the disaster prevention, and is transmitted by wireless communication. The second data is related to the disaster prevention, and is received by wireless communication.  
         [0011]     A data-management system according to another aspect of the present invention, which is a data-management system for disaster prevention installed in a facility, includes: a radio-frequency identification tag that is attached to a disaster-prevention apparatus and stores data that is related to the disaster prevention and is transmitted by wireless communication; and a data reading unit that reads the data from the radio-frequency identification tag.  
         [0012]     A method according to still another aspect of the present invention, which is a method for managing data related to disaster prevention installed in a facility, includes: storing data related to the disaster prevention in a radio-frequency identification tag by wireless communication; and reading the data from the radio-frequency identification tag.  
         [0013]     The above and other objects, features, advantages and technical and industrial significance of this invention will be better understood by reading the following detailed description of presently preferred embodiments of the invention, when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0014]      FIG. 1  is a conceptual diagram of a disaster-prevention-data management processing according to an embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0015]      FIG. 2  is a conceptual diagram of the disaster-prevention-data management processing performed when a fire breaks out;  
         [0016]      FIG. 3  is a block diagram of a disaster-prevention-data management system according to the embodiment;  
         [0017]      FIG. 4  is a flowchart of the disaster-prevention-data management processing according to the embodiment; and  
         [0018]      FIG. 5  is a conceptual diagram of the disaster-prevention-data management processing when a fixed communication terminal is located near a guide light. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0019]     Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to these embodiments.  
         [0020]      FIG. 1  is a conceptual diagram of a disaster-prevention-data management processing according to an embodiment of the present invention. A radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag  11  is attached to an evacuation guiding light (hereinafter, “guide light”)  10 . Various data related to disaster prevention (hereinafter, disaster-prevention data) is stored in the RFID tag  11 .  
         [0021]     A plurality of guide lights  10  is installed at various locations throughout a facility such as a hotel or an underground shopping arcade, etc. In the event of an emergency such as a fire, the guide lights  10  guide people so that they are safely evacuated. The RFID tag  11  is a wireless integrated circuit (IC) tag that includes a memory for storing data, an antenna for performing wireless communication, and a control circuit.  
         [0022]     Instead of being attached to the guide light  10 , the RFID tag  11  can be attached to any other disaster prevention equipment such as a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a smoke-emission sensor, or a sprinkler used for fire extinction.  
         [0023]     In the disaster-prevention-data management processing, evacuees and firefighters each holds a mobile terminal installed with a reader/writer (hereinafter, “mobile terminal”)  12 . The mobile terminal  12  performs wireless communication with the RFID tag  11  and a server  13  to store/read data.  
         [0024]     Moreover, the mobile terminal  12  displays data received from another device on a built-in screen. The mobile terminal  12  can be a mobile phone, a personal handyphone system (PHS), a transceiver, a personal digital assistant (PDA), and so forth.  
         [0025]     The disaster-prevention data includes data of a location of the guide light  10 , temperature, humidity, presence/absence of smoke emission, an operation status of disaster prevention equipment, a communication record of the mobile terminal  12 , maintenance/management of disaster prevention equipment, an escape path, a present location of the mobile terminal  12 , and so forth.  
         [0026]     A location of the guide light  10  means the location where the guide light  10  is installed. A temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a smoke-emission sensor detect temperature, humidity, and smoke emission, respectively. These sensors transmit data to the RFID tag  11  by wireless electric waves.  
         [0027]     The operation status of disaster prevention equipment indicates whether the guide light  10  or a sensor is operating.  
         [0028]     The communication record of the mobile terminal  12  indicates the communication record between the mobile terminal  12  and the RFID tag  11 . Specifically, the mobile terminal  12  stores time of communication and identification data of an owner of the mobile terminal  12  into the RFID tag  11 .  
         [0029]     When a fire breaks out, a firefighter reads the data stored in the RFID tag  11  with the mobile terminal  12  to grasp who passed by a particular guide light  10  at what time.  
         [0030]     Data of maintenance/management of disaster prevention equipment includes information on the guide light  10  and a sensor, such as a date of manufacture, a failure or a breakdown record, a repair record, and so forth.  
         [0031]     When maintenance is performed on the guide light  10  or a sensor, a maintenance person reads such data from the RFID tag  11  with the mobile terminal  12 .  
         [0032]     Data of an escape path include a direction, a distance to an escape gate, and so forth. An evacuee can easily find an escape path by reading such data from the RFID tag  11  with the mobile terminal  12 .  
         [0033]     Data of the present location of the mobile terminal  12  indicates a location of each mobile terminal  12  that communicated with the RFID tag  11 . This data is obtained from the location of the guide light  10  and the communication record of the mobile terminal  12 .  
         [0034]     Specifically, the server  13  searches the last RFID tag  11  with which the mobile terminal  12  communicated, by referring to the communication record stored in the RFID tag  11 . Subsequently, the server  13  identifies the location of the guide light  10  to which the searched RFID tag  11  is attached, so as to find the location of the owner of the mobile terminal  12 .  
         [0035]     The server  13  acquires data from the mobile terminal  12 , manages and analyzes the data, and uses the data to monitor the facility installed with the guide lights  10 .  
         [0036]     The server  13  sends results of the data analysis to the mobile terminal  12 . An evacuee or a firefighter can view the data analysis results received at the mobile terminal  12 .  
         [0037]     Then, the mobile terminal  12  sends the data analysis results to the RFID tag  11 , and the RFID tag  11  stores the data analysis results. Accordingly, other mobile terminals  12  can read the data analysis results from the RFID tag  11 .  
         [0038]      FIG. 2  is a conceptual diagram of the disaster-prevention-data management processing performed when a fire breaks out. When a fire breaks out near a guide light  10   a , the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, and the smoke-emission sensor stores data of temperature, humidity, and smoke emission into an RFID tag  11   a  attached to the guide light  10   a.    
         [0039]     A mobile terminal  12   a  held by an evacuee or a firefighter near the guide light  10   a  reads data stored in the RFID tag  11   a , and sends the data to the server  13 . The data includes location of the guide light  10   a , temperature, humidity, smoke emission, a communication record of the mobile terminal  12   a , and so forth.  
         [0040]     The RFID tag  11   a  can be an active RFID tag that periodically sends data to the mobile terminal  12   a , or a passive RFID tag that sends data to the mobile terminal  12   a  in response to requests that are periodically received from the mobile terminal  12   a.    
         [0041]     An active RFID tag performs wireless communication and thus consumes electric power. However, if the RFID tag  11   a  is attached to the guide light  10   a  including an uninterruptible power source, the active RFID tag can operate stably even in the event of an emergency.  
         [0042]     Moreover, regardless of whether the RFID tag is active or passive, the RFID tag  11   a  is prevented from being damaged if it is attached inside the guide light  10   a  with a rigid casing.  
         [0043]     The server  13  acquires from the mobile terminal  12   a , data of the location of the guide light  10   a , temperature, humidity, and smoke emission. Based on the data acquired, the server  13  determines the location of the fire breakout. The server  13  sends to the mobile terminal  12   a  held by a firefighter, data indicating a path to the location of the fire breakout.  
         [0044]     When this data is received, the mobile terminal  12   a  displays on a built-in screen the path to the location of the fire breakout, and stores the location of the fire breakout in an RFID tag  11   b  attached to another guide light  10   b.    
         [0045]     If the location of the fire breakout is near the escape path initially set, the server  13  sets a new escape path. The server  13  then sends to a mobile terminal  12   b  held by an evacuee, data indicating the new escape path (e.g. “escape towards a guide light  10   c ”).  
         [0046]     When this data is received, the mobile terminal  12   b  displays on a built-in screen the new escape path, and stores the data in the RFID tags  11   b ,  11   c  attached to the other guide lights  10   b ,  10   c.    
         [0047]     Moreover, based on the data acquired from the mobile terminal  12   a , the server  13  determines a status of fire extinction. The server  13  sends to the mobile terminal  12   a ,  12   b  held by an evacuee or a firefighter, data indicating the status of fire extinction.  
         [0048]     Furthermore, the server  13  identifies present locations of each mobile terminal  12   a ,  12   b  that communicated with any RFID tag  11   a  to  11   c.    
         [0049]     Specifically, the server  13  searches the last RFID tag  11   a  to  11   c  that each mobile terminal  12   a ,  12   b  communicated with by referring to the communication record of each mobile terminal  12   a ,  12   b  stored in the RFID tag  11   a  to  11   c . Subsequently, the server  13  identifies the location of the guide light  10   a  to  10   c  to which the searched RFID tag  11   a  to  11   c  is attached, to find the location of the owner of the mobile terminal  12   a ,  12   b . This data is sent to each of the mobile terminals  12   a ,  12   b.    
         [0050]     When the data is received, the mobile terminal  12   a ,  12   b  displays the data on a built-in screen, and stores the data in the RFID tag  11   a  to  11   c.    
         [0051]     When a fire breaks out, the server  13  can send data of the fire to a fire monitoring device (not shown) at a fire station through a network. Moreover, the fire monitoring device can notify the fire to a fire engine, and instruct the fire engine to rush to the site of the fire.  
         [0052]     Furthermore, the server  13  can send through a network, data of the fire to a control system (not shown) that controls a fire door. Accordingly, the control system operates the fire door to prevent the fire from spreading.  
         [0053]     In the disaster-prevention-data management processing, various data of the fire is stored in the low-cost RFID tag  11 , so that evacuees, firefighters, and maintenance persons of disaster prevention equipment can read the data with the mobile terminal  12 . Accordingly, the disaster-prevention-data management processing system can be installed at low cost, and data of the fire can be provided efficiently to evacuees, firefighters, and maintenance persons of disaster prevention equipment.  
         [0054]      FIG. 3  is a block diagram of a disaster-prevention-data management system according to the embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0055]     The block diagram of a disaster-prevention-data management system includes the guide light  10 , the RFID tag  11  attached to the guide light  10 , the mobile terminal  12 , the server  13 , a sensor  14 , a client device  15 , a fire-station fire-monitoring device  16 , a fire-engine wireless device  17 .  
         [0056]     The guide light  10  and the RFID tag  11  are the same as those shown in  FIG. 1 . The sensor  14  is provided in the guide light  10 , and detects temperature, humidity, presence/absence of smoke emission, and so forth.  
         [0057]     The guide light  10  and the sensor  14  include a device (not shown) that sends to and stores in the RFID tag  11 , data indicating whether the guide light  10  and the sensor  14  are operating.  
         [0058]     The RFID tag  11  includes a communication unit  110 , a storage unit  111 , and a control unit  112 . The communication unit  110  performs wireless communication between the guide light  10 , the sensor  14 , and the mobile terminal  12 . The storage unit  111  stores data received from the guide light  10 , the sensor  14 , and the mobile terminal  12 .  
         [0059]     Specifically, the storage unit  111  stores ID data  111   a , guide-light location data  111   b , sensor data  111   c , disaster-prevention-equipment operation-status data  111   d , mobile-terminal communication-record data  111   e , disaster-prevention-equipment maintenance/management data  111   f , escape path data  111   g , disaster status data  111   h , and mobile-terminal present-location data  111   i.    
         [0060]     The ID data  111   a  identifies the RFID tag  11 . The guide-light location data  111   b  is a position coordinate of the guide light  10  attached with the RFID tag  11 .  
         [0061]     The sensor data  111   c  is data acquired by the sensor  14 , such as temperature, humidity, and presence/absence of smoke emission. The disaster-prevention-equipment operation-status data  111   d  shows whether the guide light  10  and the sensor  14  are operating. The RFID tag  11  acquires this data by communicating with the guide light  10  and the sensor  14 .  
         [0062]     The mobile-terminal communication-record data  111   e  is acquired as follows. When the RFID tag  11  and the mobile terminal  12  communicate with each other, ID data identifying the owner of the mobile terminal  12  is sent to the RFID tag  11 . The RFID tag  11  stores time of the communication with the corresponding ID data.  
         [0063]     When a fire breaks out, a firefighter reads the mobile-terminal communication-record data  111   e  with his mobile terminal  12  to grasp who passed by a particular guide light  10  at what time.  
         [0064]     The disaster-prevention-equipment maintenance/management data  111   f  is information on the guide light  10  and the sensor  14 , such as a date of manufacture, a failure or a breakdown record, a repair record, and so forth. The disaster-prevention-equipment maintenance/management data  111   f  is updated with the mobile terminal  12  every time maintenance is performed on the guide light  10  or the sensor  14 .  
         [0065]     The escape path data  111   g  is data of a predetermined escape path to be used in the event of an emergency. For example, the data shows a direction from a location of the guide light  10  to an escape gate. The escape path data  111   g  is updated with the mobile terminal  12  each time the facility is renovated, or according to a location of a fire breakout.  
         [0066]     The disaster status data  111   h  indicates a location of a fire breakout and a status of fire extinction, etc. This data is determined by the server  13 , and sent to the RFID tag  11  via the mobile terminal  12 .  
         [0067]     The mobile-terminal present-location data  111   i  indicates present locations of each mobile terminal  12  that communicated with the RFID tag  11 . This data is determined by the server  13 , and sent to the RFID tag  11  via the mobile terminal  12 .  
         [0068]     The control unit  112  controls all the units of the RFID tag  11 , and commands data transfer between the units.  
         [0069]     The mobile terminal  12  stores ID data that identifies an owner of the mobile terminal  12 , and sends the ID data to the RFID tag  11  or the server  13 .  
         [0070]     The server  13  acquires the data  111   a  to  111   f  stored in the storage unit  111  from each RFID tag  11  attached to the guide lights  10  located throughout the facility, manages and analyzes the data, and uses the data to monitor the facility.  
         [0071]     The server  13  includes a communication unit  130 , an input unit  131 , a display unit  132 , a storage unit  133 , a status determination unit  134 , and a control unit  135 .  
         [0072]     The communication unit  130  communicates with the client device  15  and the fire-station fire-monitoring device  16  through a network  18 . The input unit  131  is an input device such as a keyboard or a mouse. The display unit  132  is a display device such as a screen.  
         [0073]     The storage unit  133  is a hard disk device etc., that stores ID data  133   a , guide-light location data  133   b , sensor data  133   c , disaster-prevention-equipment operation-status data  133   d , mobile-terminal communication-record data  133   e , disaster-prevention-equipment maintenance/management data  133   f , escape path data  133   g , disaster status data  133   h , and mobile-terminal present-location data  133   i.    
         [0074]     The ID data  133   a  identifies the RFID tags  11  attached to each guide light  10 . The guide-light location data  133   b  stores position coordinates of each guide light  10  attached with the RFID tag  11 .  
         [0075]     The sensor data  133   c  stores data stored in each RFID tag  11  that is acquired by the sensor  14 , such as temperature, humidity, and presence/absence of smoke emission, with the ID data  133   a  of the corresponding RFID tag  11 .  
         [0076]     The disaster-prevention-equipment operation-status data  133   d  stores data stored in each RFID tag  11  as to whether the guide light  10  and the sensor  14  are operating, with the ID data  133   a  of the corresponding RFID tag  11 .  
         [0077]     The mobile-terminal communication-record data  133   e  is acquired as follows. When the RFID tag  11  and the mobile terminal  12  communicate with each other, ID data identifying an owner of the mobile terminal  12  is sent to the RFID tag  11 . The mobile-terminal communication-record data  133   e  stores time of the communication with the ID data  133   a  of the corresponding RFID tag  11  and the ID data of the corresponding mobile terminal  12 .  
         [0078]     The disaster-prevention-equipment maintenance/management data  133   f  stores information stored in each RFID tag  11  regarding the guide light  10  and the sensor  14 , such as a date of manufacture, a failure or a breakdown record, a repair record, and so forth, with the ID data  133   a  of the corresponding RFID tag  11 . The disaster-prevention-equipment maintenance/management data  133   f  stored in each RFID tag  11  is updated with the mobile terminal  12  whenever maintenance is performed on the guide light  10  or the sensor  14 .  
         [0079]     The escape path data  133   g  stores data stored in the RFID tag  11  such as a direction from a location of the guide light  10  to an escape gate, with the ID data  133   a  of the corresponding RFID tag  11 . The escape path data  133   g  stored in the RFID tag  11  is updated with the mobile terminal  12  each time the facility is renovated, or according to a location of a fire breakout.  
         [0080]     The disaster status data  133   h  indicates a location of a fire breakout and a status of fire extinction determined by the server  13 .  
         [0081]     The mobile-terminal present-location data  133   i  indicates present locations of each mobile terminal  12  that communicated with the RFID tag  11 .  
         [0082]     The status determination unit  134  determines, based on data acquired from each RFID tag  11 , a location of a fire breakout, a status of fire extinction, an optimal escape path, a present location of each mobile terminal  12  that communicated with the RFID tag  11 , and so forth. The status determination unit  134  then sends the determined data to the fire-station fire-monitoring device  16  and the mobile terminal  12 .  
         [0083]     The client device  15  is located in the facility provided with the guide lights  10 . The client device  15  performs wireless communication with the mobile terminal  12 , and cable communication with the server  13  through the network  18 .  
         [0084]     Accordingly, the client device  15  relays communication between the mobile terminal  12  held by an evacuee or a firefighter, and the server  13 .  
         [0085]     The fire-station fire-monitoring device  16  is located at a fire station, and receives a fire notification from the server  13 . When the fire notification is received, the fire-station fire-monitoring device  16  notifies the fire to the fire-engine wireless device  17  installed in a fire engine.  
         [0086]      FIG. 4  is a flowchart of the disaster-prevention-data management processing according to the embodiment.  
         [0087]     The communication unit  110  in the RFID tag  11  sends to the mobile terminal  12 , disaster-prevention data (step The disaster-prevention data corresponds to the data  111   a  to  111   f  stored in the storage unit  111  in the RFID tag  11  shown in  FIG. 3   
         [0088]     The mobile terminal  12  receives the data (step S 102 ), displays the data on a built-in screen (step S 103 ), and sends the data to the server  13  (step S 104 ).  
         [0089]     The communication unit  130  in the server  13  receives the data from the mobile terminal  12  (step S 105 ).  
         [0090]     The storage unit  133  in the server  13  stores and manages the data received. Based on stored data, the status determination unit  134  in the server  13  monitors and analyzes a location of a fire breakout, a status of fire extinction, an optimal escape path, a present location of each mobile terminal  12  that communicated with the RFID tag  11 , and so forth (step S 106 ).  
         [0091]     The communication unit  130  in the server  13  sends results of the analysis (hereinafter, “results”) to the mobile terminal  12  (step S 107 ), and the processing performed by the server  13  ends.  
         [0092]     The mobile terminal  12  receives the results from the server  13  (step S 108 ), and displays the results on a built-in screen (step S 109 ).  
         [0093]     The mobile terminal  12  sends the results to the RFID tag  11  (step S 110 ), and the processing performed by the mobile terminal  12  ends.  
         [0094]     The communication unit  110  in the RFID tag  11  receives the results from the mobile terminal  12  (step S 111 ), and the storage unit  111  in the RFID tag  11  stores the results as the data  111   g  to  111   i  shown in  FIG. 3  (step S 112 ), and the processing performed by the RFID tag  11  ends.  
         [0095]     In the above example, the mobile terminal  12  is used to write/read data in/from the RFID tag  11 . However, a fixed communication terminal installed with a reader/writer located near the guide light  10  can be used to write/read data in/from the RFID tag  11 .  
         [0096]      FIG. 5  is a conceptual diagram of the disaster-prevention-data management processing when a fixed communication terminal installed with a reader/writer (hereinafter, “fixed terminal”)  20  is located near the guide light  10 . In this example, the disaster-prevention-equipment maintenance/management data  111   f  shown in  FIG. 3  is written in the RFID tag  11 .  
         [0097]     Instead of the mobile terminal  12 , the fixed terminal  20  writes the disaster-prevention-equipment maintenance/management data  111   f  in the RFID tag  11  attached to the guide light  10 .  
         [0098]     The fixed terminal  20  is installed at a fixed location near the guide light  10 , and performs wireless communication with the RFID tag  11  to store data in the RFID tag  11  and read data from the RFID tag  11 .  
         [0099]     The fixed terminal  20  performs wireless communication with the server  13  (shown in  FIG. 3 ) through the client device  15  (shown in  FIG. 3 ) to acquire the disaster-prevention-equipment maintenance/management data  133   f  from the server  13 , and to write the acquired disaster-prevention-equipment maintenance/management data  133   f  in the RFID tag  11 .  
         [0100]     Thus, even when there is nobody holding the mobile terminal  12  near the guide light  10 , data can be written into the RFID tag  11  in real-time by using the fixed terminal  20  located near the guide light  10 .  
         [0101]     According to the embodiment, each of the guide lights  10  installed throughout a facility includes the RFID tag  11  that stores disaster-prevention data, and sends/receives disaster-prevention data by wireless communication. Moreover, RFID tags are inexpensive. Thus, the disaster-prevention-data management system is installed at low cost, and disaster-prevention data is efficiently provided to an evacuee, a firefighter, and a maintenance person of disaster prevention equipment.  
         [0102]     According to the embodiment, the RFID tag  11  sends disaster-prevention data to the server  13  by wireless communication. The server  13  analyzes the data received, and determines a status of a disaster based on the analysis. The server  13  then sends the analysis results to the RFID tag  11  by wireless communication, and the RFID tag  11  stores the data. Accordingly, the data stored in the RFID tag  11  is updated when the status of a fire changes. Thus, the latest data is efficiently provided to an evacuee and a firefighter.  
         [0103]     According to the embodiment, the RFID tag  11  stores data acquired by the sensor  14  as the disaster-prevention data, and sends the data to the server  13 . Thus, the server  13  uses the data received to determine a status of a disaster.  
         [0104]     According to the embodiment, the RFID tag  11  stores the guide-light location data  111   b  as the disaster-prevention data. Thus, an evacuee or a firefighter can easily confirm his own location by reading the data.  
         [0105]     According to the embodiment, the RFID tag  11  stores the mobile-terminal communication-record data  111   e  that records past communication between the RFID tag  11  and the mobile terminal  12 , as the disaster-prevention data. Thus, data as to who passed by a particular guide light  10  at what time can be efficiently provided to a firefighter.  
         [0106]     According to the embodiment, the RFID tag  11  stores the disaster-prevention-equipment maintenance/management data  111   f  as the disaster-prevention data. Thus, a maintenance person reads the data to efficiently maintain/manage disaster prevention equipment such as the guide light  10  or the sensor  14 .  
         [0107]     According to the embodiment, the RFID tag  11  stores the escape path data  111   g  as the disaster-prevention data. Thus, data related to the escape path can be efficiently provided to an evacuee or a firefighter.  
         [0108]     According to the embodiment, the RFID tag  11  stores the disaster status data  111   h  as the disaster-prevention data. Thus, data of a location of a fire breakout and a status of fire extinction can be efficiently provided to an evacuee or a firefighter.  
         [0109]     According to the embodiment, the RFID tag  11  stores data of a location of each mobile terminal  12  that communicated with the RFID tag  11 . Thus, data of locations of owners of each mobile terminal  12  can be efficiently provided to a firefighter.  
         [0110]     According to the embodiment, the RFID tag  11  stores disaster-prevention data received by wireless communication, and the mobile terminal  12  reads the data from the RFID tag  11  by wireless communication. Thus, the disaster-prevention-data management system is installed at low cost, and disaster-prevention data is efficiently provided to an evacuee and a firefighter.  
         [0111]     According to the embodiment, the server  13  determines a status of a disaster based on data read from the RFID tag  11 . Thus, the disaster-prevention-data management system is installed at low cost, and a status of a disaster is efficiently determined with the system.  
         [0112]     According to the embodiment, the server  13  sends analysis results of a status of a disaster to the RFID tag  11  by wireless communication, and the RFID tag  11  stores the data. Thus, disaster-prevention data is efficiently provided to an evacuee and a firefighter.  
         [0113]     The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Various changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.  
         [0114]     All the automatic processes explained in the present embodiment can be, entirely or in part, carried out manually. Similarly, all the manual processes explained in the present embodiment can be entirely or in part carried out automatically by a known method.  
         [0115]     The sequence of processes, the sequence of controls, specific names, and data including various parameters can be changed as required unless otherwise specified.  
         [0116]     The constituent elements of the devices illustrated are merely conceptual and may not necessarily physically resemble the structures shown in the drawings. For instance, the devices need not necessarily have the structure that is illustrated. The devices as a whole or in parts can be broken down or integrated either functionally or physically in accordance with the load or how the devices are to be used.  
         [0117]     The process functions performed by the devices are entirely or partially realized by the CPU or a program executed by the CPU or by a hardware using wired logic.  
         [0118]     Additional advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific details and representative embodiments shown and described herein. Accordingly, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.