Abstract:
A Dual Channel Universal Serial Bus (DCUSB) structure compatible with USB 1.0, USB 1.1 or USB 2.0 protocols for higher data transmission rate comprising of two data transmission channels each with two differential signals, a interface controller with data conversion and transmission functions; the interface controller further consists at least one Differential receiver and one current driver, the Differential receiver and the current driver connect to differential signals of interface channels through proper circuitry.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   I. Field of the Invention 
   The present invention relates generally to a Universal Serial Bus (USB) system architecture and particularly, to a Dual Channel Universal Serial Bus (DCUSB) system architecture. 
   II. Description of the Prior Art 
   Dual Channel Universal Serial Bus (DCUSB), or generally known as Wideband Serial Bus (WSB), is a high-speed serial bus technology based on USB 2.0 technology. As a new interface technology, this technology is compatible with USB 1.x and USB 2.0 interface bus standard, up to 960 Mbits/sec (or 120 MBytes/sec) in data transmission rate (twice as high as the data transmission rate of USB 2.0 Interface) and applicable to high-speed disk operating system, wired and wireless short-distance data transmission and suitable for the development of such products as portable data storage media. 
   USB signals currently available include V BUS , D+, D−, GND and grounding design used for noise isolation. As a USB interface extensively used currently, it complies with the interface specifications of 1.x and 2.0 versions. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   As described above, in addition to using V BUS , D+, D− and GND signals, the present invention applies signals such as V BUS , D0+, D0−, D1+, D1− and GND to accelerate data transmission rate. In addition to grounding signal for noise isolation purposes, the present invention creates a 6-signal interface and a Master-Slave architecture; wherein, D0+ and D0− are master signals; D0+ and D0− are slave signals. Master signals are responsible for coordination between DCUSB and USB interfaces as well as data transmission while slave signals are responsible for DCUSB interface protocol and data transmission. See  FIG. 1  for description of detailed embodiment. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The accomplishment of the above-mentioned object of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and its accompanying drawings which disclose illustrative an embodiment of the present invention, and are as follows: 
       FIG. 1  is a Chirp sequence of the USB 2.0 of the prior art; 
       FIG. 2  is a Chirp sequence of the present invention; 
       FIG. 3  is a block diagram of the present invention; 
       FIG. 4  is a packet diagram of the present invention; and 
       FIG. 5  is a circuit diagram of the present invention. 
   

   DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     FIG. 1  shows the signal diagram when the USB 2.0 device is inserted into Host. Wherein D+ signal produces signal bounce  90 ; in the duration, time t 1 , bus kept in idle status after signal stabilizes; during t 2 , Chirp sequence must be completed between Host and Device to confirm USB 2.0 transmission protocol will run each other and distinguish USB 1.x from USB 2.0. Chirp sequence starts when Host resets bus, i.e., D+=0 and D−=0; When detecting bus is in reset status, device will send out Chirp K signal (D+=0, D−=1)  100 . 
   After detecting Chirp K signal  100 , Host will send out Chirp K and Chirp J (D+=1, D−=0) thrice respectively, a total of 6 chirps generated at  200 . Now, the system enters USB 2.0 transmission protocol and completes Chirp sequence. 
     FIG. 2  shows the Chirp sequence of DCUSB protocol in the present invention. Using this method, Host and Device can identify each other&#39;s operating range as USB 1.x or USB 2.0 or DCUSB. When connected with Device ( FIG. 2 ), Host will start to reset Bus (D0+=0, D0−=0, D1+=0 and D1−=0) at start of t 2 . If Device only has USB 2.0 function and does not have Slave signal (D1+ and D1−), Host cannot detect Chirp K on D1− and thus enters USB 2.0 mode and completes USB 2.0 Chirp sequence on Master signal (D0+ and D0−). 
   If Device is a DCUSB device, Device will complete the same Chirp sequence on Slave signal lines as the Host ( FIG. 2 ), wherein,  100  is Master&#39;s Chirp K and  200  is Master&#39;s Chirp K and Chirp J;  110  is Slave&#39;s Chirp K and  210  is Slave&#39;s Chirp K and Chirp J. After Host and Device use Master and Slave signals to complete DCUSB chirp sequence, the system enters DCUSB protocol. After the system enters DCUSB protocol, four signal lines D0+, D0−, D1+ and D1− are enabled. 
   Based on the sequence described above that the DCUSB does not exist in USB 1.x protocol, because that USB 1.x does not have Chirp sequence. That&#39;s to say, despite the dual channel was designed in DCUSB, DCUSB does not produce Chirp sequence and the Slave signals are disabled when operating on USB 1.x Host or Device, and USB 2.0 Chirp sequence will not occur either. The data transmission rate of the system is the same as the known USB 1.x device and will not double USB 1.x data transmission rate. As a result, DCUSB technology is compatible with USB 1.x and USB 2.0 specifications. 
     FIG. 3  shows the wiring diagram of the system, wherein a DCUSB host controller with DCUSB interface function serves as a Root hub, which can connect a DCUSB device  30 , a USB 2.0 hub  20  and a USB 2.0 device  10 ; USB 2.0 hub  20  can connect to another USB 2.0 hub  50  and a USB 1.x hub  40 . The above connecting configuration is achieved because DCUSB interface protocol is compatible with USB 1.x and USB 2.0 specifications, the DCUSB device  30  can transmit data at a rate twice as high as USB 2.0 data transmission rate. If connected with an USB 2.0 hub  20 , DCUSB device  30  still can use the USB 2.0 interface protocol as Host signal to complete single channel connection while maintaining USB 2.0 standard in data transmission rate, i.e., 480 Mbits/sec. 
   In terms of packet transmission technology, DCUSB also uses the same packet structure as USB 2.0, including four types of packets, such as Token packets, Data packets, Handshake packets and Special Packets. These four types of packets can be operated on Master and Slave signals but Slave signals only accept In and Out signal transmission of Token packets, they do not accept the SOF (Start Of Frame) and Setup of the Token packets. Referring to  FIG. 4 ,  300  stands for USB 2.0 data In Transaction which comprises three packets: In Token Packet  310 , Data Packet  320  and Handshake Packet  330 . After the Host sends out In Token Packet  310 , the Device sends out Data Packet  320  accordingly; after receiving and confirming data, the Host sends out Handshake Packet  330  telling Device that data is OK and thus completes data input. 
   The In Transaction  400  for DCUSB data is jointly completed by Master signal and Slave signal: immediately after Host sends out In Token packets  410  and  411  on Master and Slave signals, the Device sends Data packets  420  and  421 ; after receiving and confirming data from Master and Slave signals, the Host sends out Handshake packets  430  and  431  telling Device that data is correct and thus completes data input. 
   Master signal and Slave signal are not synchronous in time. Therefore, when data transmission error occurs in one side, the other side will not produce Handshake packets  430  or  431 ; the interface controller on the transmission side will stop sending out follow-up data but continues sending out the same Data packet until the interface controller on the reception side receives correct data and sends out Handshake packet. When data error occurs, two channels (Master signal channel and Slave signal channel) serve as Retry channels to send out data; when Master signal channel is occupied by other USB device, Slave signal channel can continue to send out data, thus accelerating overall data transmission rate. The same mechanism can work on data Out Transaction. As described above, the Signal Original Frame transaction (SOF transaction) and Setup transaction only occur to Master signals, indicating that Slave signals are only responsible for data transmission. 
   After the system enters DCUSB mode, only data In/Out Transaction applies Slave signals and thus creates a dual channel mode. The architecture simplifies DCUSB system design while substantially accelerating data transmission rate. 
     FIG. 5  shows the wiring diagram of the DCUSB, wherein the oblique-line dash area stands for low-speed USB 1.x components;  500  stands for DCUSB Host;  600  stands for DCUSB Device;  510  stands for Host Differential receiver which outputs a Slave differential output signal;  520  stands for current driver;  610  stands for Device Differential receiver which outputs a Slave differential output signal; and  620  stands for current driver. Referring to  FIG. 5 , components  510 ,  520 ,  610  and  620  are connected via Slave signals D1+ and D1−, and jointly create a Slave channel, wherein  700  is the DCUSB interface in the present invention. 
   To sum up, the system design in the present invention represents an important innovation for interface technology. While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been shown and described in detail, it will be readily understood and appreciated that numerous omissions, changes and additions may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.