Abstract:
A connector assembly for a fiber optic cable comprises a multi-part inner housing adapted to support an optical fiber splice connection structure. A cable clamp is located at a proximal end of the inner housing and is adapted to engage an outer sheath of a fiber optic cable. Preferably, the cable clamp is rotatable with respect to the inner housing.

Description:
This application is based upon and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/918,814, filed Dec. 20, 2013 in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, and is a U.S. national stage filing of International Application No. PCT/US2014/071929 having an international filing date of Dec. 22, 2014, the disclosures of both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates generally to fiber optic cable. More particularly, the present invention relates to a splice-on optical connector for terminating outside plant drop cable or other optical fiber cable. 
     The ability of high-quality optical fiber to transmit large amounts of information without appreciable signal degradation is well known. As a result, optical fibers have found widespread use in many applications, such as voice and data transmission. Optical fiber is typically supplied and installed as fiber optic cable. The term “fiber optic cable” refers to the combination of the actual optical fiber plus the structure in which it is carried and protected during and after installation. Generally, a fiber optic cable includes the optical fiber, aramid fibers or other strength members, and an outer sheath. One common type of fiber optic cable used as outside plant drop cable is “flat type cable.” Because flat type cable typically has two strength members of aramid fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) located on lateral sides of the optical fiber, it exhibits sufficient stiffness for use as a drop cable. 
     In this application, current assembly technology uses factory terminated optical connectors. As a result, specific cable lengths are built for various deployments and excess cable is stored on site. While splice on connectors for optical fiber cables exist, they are not available for direct connection to flat drop outside plant cable. A splice-on connector would allow the flat drop outside plant cable to be field installed and the cable cut to the length required. 
     The present invention recognizes the foregoing considerations, and others, of the prior art. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     According to one aspect, the present invention provides a connector assembly for a fiber optic cable. The connector assembly comprises a multi-part inner housing adapted to support an optical fiber splice connection structure. A cable clamp is located at a proximal end of the inner housing and is adapted to engage an outer sheath of a fiber optic cable. Preferably, the cable clamp is rotatable with respect to the inner housing. 
     In some exemplary embodiments, the cable clamp has at least one beam which presses against the outer sheath of the fiber optic cable. In this regard, the beam(s) may define a plurality of gripping structures (such as “teeth”) on an inside surface thereof. The beam(s) may also define a ramp which is moved into engagement with the fiber optic cable by a complementary ramp on a clamp ring. Preferably, the clamp ring may be configured to be moved axially into interlocking engagement with the cable clamp while urging the at east one beam into engagement with the fiber optic cable. 
     It will often be desirable for the cable clamp to define an axial slot for receipt of the fiber optic cable. In addition, the cable clamp may be axially movable with respect to the inner housing over a limited axial extent. The cable clamp may include first and second spaced-apart flanges which limit the axial movement of the cable clamp with respect to the inner housing. 
     The optical splice connection structure may include a splice protection sleeve having an optical connector ferrule located at one end thereof. In this regard, the inner housing may define an elongate stem at a distal end thereof configured to support the protection sleeve. In some exemplary embodiments, the inner housing may comprise two semicircular halves which mate together. Moreover, an outer boot may be received over a portion of the inner housing, the cable clamp being contained in the outer boot. The outer boot in some embodiments may comprise an inwardly-directed projection which limits rotation of the cable clamp with respect to the inner housing to a predetermined angular extent. 
     Another aspect of the present invention provides a connector assembly for a fiber optic cable. The connector assembly comprises an inner housing having an elongate stem at a distal end thereof, the elongate stem configured to support a protection sleeve of an optical fiber splice connection structure. A cable clamp, located at a proximal end of the inner housing, is rotatable with respect to the inner housing. The connector assembly further includes a clamping element adapted to be moved axially into interlocking engagement with the cable clamp to tighten the cable clamp with respect to the fiber optic cable. 
     According to a still further aspect, the present invention provides a connector assembly for a fiber optic cable. The connector assembly comprises an inner housing having an elongate stem at a distal end thereof, the elongate stem configured to support a protection sleeve of an optical fiber splice connection structure. A cable clamp, located at a proximal end of the inner housing, is being axially movable with respect to the inner housing over a limited axial extent. The connector assembly further includes a clamping element adapted to be moved axially into interlocking engagement with the cable clamp to tighten the cable clamp with respect to the fiber optic cable. 
     Another aspect of the present invention involves a method of attaching a fiber optic connector. According to one step of the method, an optical fiber cable is prepared for attachment of the connector including exposing a predetermined length of optical fiber. According to another step, a splice protection sleeve and connector ferrule is attached to a distal end of the optical fiber. A cable clamp is fixed on the fiber optic cable at a location spaced apart from the splice protection sleeve and ferrule. According to another step of the method, a multi-part inner housing is assembled around the optical fiber so as to support the protection sleeve and retain the cable clamp, the cable clamp being rotatable with respect to the inner housing. An outer boot is moved into position such that a portion of the inner housing is received in the outer boot and the cable clamp is fully contained in the outer boot. 
     Other objects, features and aspects of the present invention are provided by various combinations and subcombinations of the disclosed elements, as well as methods of practicing same, which are discussed in greater detail below. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       A full and enabling disclosure of the present invention, including the best mode thereof, to one of ordinary skill in the art, is set forth more particularly in the remainder of the specification, including reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a splice-on connector assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a perspective view of the splice-on connector assembly of  FIG. 1  from a different viewing angle. 
         FIG. 3  is a rear perspective view of the splice-on connector assembly of  FIG. 1  showing rotation of the cable. 
         FIG. 4A  is a partially assembled view showing components of the splice-on connector assembly of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 4B  is a partial cross-sectional view showing components of the splice-on connector assembly of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIGS. 5A-5I  illustrate various steps in the process of assembling the splice-on connector of  FIG. 1  to a flat drop outside plant cable. 
     
    
    
     Repeat use of reference characters in the present specification and drawings is intended to represent same or analogous features or elements of the invention. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     It is to be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the present discussion is a description of exemplary embodiments only, and is not intended as limiting the broader aspects of the present invention, which broader aspects are embodied in the exemplary constructions. 
       FIGS. 1 and 2  illustrate an assembled splice-on connector assembly  10  in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention attached to a flat drop cable  12 . Generally speaking, connector assembly  10  comprises a plug portion  14  and a support structure  16 . As one skilled in the art will appreciate, plug portion  14  is configured to mate with complementary optical sockets. The support structure  16  supports the plug portion and the protection sleeve (where the actual splice is contained), while also being attached to the cable  12 . As will be explained, this arrangement provides sufficient retention as to prevent the cable from separating from the connector. As shown in  FIG. 3 , support structure  16  preferably allows rotation of the cable  12  with respect to plug portion  14  (e.g., up to 300 degrees in this example). In this regard, flat drop cables have preferential bending directions due to the lateral strength (or tension) members. Allowing the connector to swivel in this manner provides an adjustment to align the connector with the socket and prevents imposition of torque at the plug-socket interface due to the cable. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 4A and 4B , certain additional details regarding connector assembly  10  can be explained. As can be seen, connector assembly  10  includes an elongate inner housing  18  formed of two semicircular halves. In the ensuing discussion, this inner housing will be referred to as a “stop ring.” The two halves preferably have complementary mating features, such as post  20  and receptacle  22 , to facilitate alignment. The distal end portion of stop ring  18  is formed as a rigid stem to support the splice protection sleeve (fusion sleeve)  24 , flange  26 , and ferrule  28 . In this embodiment, ferrule  28  is spring-loaded by a coil spring  29  located between flange  26  and an opposing face of the stop ring stem. When the two halves of stop ring  18  are assembled, a plug frame  30  is received over the end of the rigid stem. In addition, a retainer sleeve  32  ( FIG. 1 ) may be received over the plug frame and rigid stem, as shown. 
     As can be seen in  FIG. 4B , a length of jacketed optical fiber extends between cable  12  and sleeve  24  inside a hollow region  34  of stop ring  18 . In this case, for example, the optical fiber is shown as 250 μm optical fiber. As will be apparent from the discussion below, this arrangement provides flexibility which allows the optical fiber to move during attachment of the plug to a socket. 
     In this embodiment, support structure  16  includes a cable clamp  36  and a clamp ring  38  by which it is attached to cable  12 . As shown, cable clamp  36  includes a configured slot in which an end portion of cable  12  is received. Cable clamp  36  further includes a pair of beams (here in the form of ramps  40 ) which engage the outer sheath of cable  12  when clamp ring  38  is moved into position. The inside faces of ramps  40  preferably define teeth or other suitable structure to firmly grip the sheath of cable  12 . It will be appreciated that clamp ring  38  preferably defines complementary ramps that cause the teeth of ramps  40  to squeeze the sheath. To prevent subsequent separation between cable clamp  36  and clamp ring  38 , the outer faces of ramps  40  and the inner surfaces of the clamp ring ramps preferably define complementary ratcheting structures to interlock cable clamp  36  and clamp ring  38 . Moreover, as greater force is applied to pulling the cable, the tighter the cable clamp becomes. 
     Cable clamp  36  further includes annular flanges (or stops  41  and  42 ) which engage an annular lip  43  of stop ring  18 . This limits the axial extent that cable  12  can move with respect to the support structure. In addition, cable clamp  12  further includes an axial key  44  which facilitates assembly of the connector assembly (e.g., positioning of the plug frame  30 ). In addition, key  44  may serve as a rotational stop to limit the angular movement of cable  12  with respect to the connector assembly. 
     A preferred manner by which connector assembly  10  may be assembled will now be described with reference to the remaining Figures. First, as shown in  FIG. 5A , a length of jacketed optical fiber is exposed by removing a portion of the surrounding structure such as the outer sheath (referred to as “black jacket” in the drawing). Note that short lengths of the lateral strengthening members  45  extend beyond the outer sheath in this illustration. 
     The exposed optical fiber  46  is then stripped, cleaned and cleaved to prepare it for splicing. Next, the prepared optical fiber is spliced to the other side of the ferrule fiber. The resulting splice point is contained and protected within the protection sleeve, as shown in  FIG. 5B . 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 5C-5E , the cable is set into the slot of cable clamp  36 . In this embodiment, the outer sheath is not received in the slot, but juxtaposes stop  42 . The short lengths of exposed strengthening members  45 , however, are received in the slot. Next, clamp ring  38 , is slid along cable  12  into engagement with cable clamp  36 . This causes ramps  40  to firmly engage the sheath such that the connector assembly is attached to cable  12 . The optical fiber is not damaged, however, because it is protected from itself being squeezed by the strengthening members  45 . 
     Additional assembly steps are shown in  FIGS. 5F-5I . After the protection sleeve, ferrule and spring are set into one part of the stop ring, the other part is positioned to complete the stop ring  18 . The key  44  of the cable clamp may then be moved into a corresponding slot on the stop ring to move the plug frame  30  into position. It will be appreciated that this causes the fiber inside the hollow portion of the stop ring  18  to bend. Thus, once the plug frame  30  is in place, the key  44  may be moved out of the slot to release this bending. This also allows the cable to rotate with respect to the support structure over a limited angular range as discussed above. The retainer sleeve  32  may also be positioned over the plug frame and rigid stem of the stop ring. 
     Finally, outer boot  48  may be snapped into position (see  FIGS. 1-3 ) in order to cover cable clamp  36  and clamp ring  38 . In this regard, the stop ring may define flexible arms (such as arm  50  in  FIG. 4A ) having outwardly directed projections at their distal ends. The arms flex inward to allow boot  48  to be moved into position. But when boot  48  is in position, the projections are received in corresponding apertures  49  in boot  48 . Preferably, boot  48  may define an inwardly directed projection  52  which engages key  44  if cable  12  is rotated too much with respect to the connector assembly. It will be appreciated that cable clamp  36  and clamp ring  38  may need to define their own keyways  53  allowing this projection to pass as boot  46  is moved into position. 
     One skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention offer various advantages in comparison with the prior art. For example, a connector assembly as described above achieve the following advantages:
         1. The new design allows for adding connectors in the field. The cable is used most efficiently by cutting to the specific length needed for any given deployment.   2. The new design provides for field termination, thus eliminating the need to store slack cable at the premises. Field termination removes the need to order cables in advance of deployment and reduces the need to inventory various lengths of pre-terminated drop assemblies.   3. Cable clamp method sufficient retention for field deployments and is craft friendly for ease of installation.   4. Split stop ring provides for easy assembly.   5. Adjustment of the connector orientation provides for torque free installation allowing cable to maintain optimum coil configuration.       

     The following prior art patents are incorporated fully herein by reference in their entireties for all purposes: U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,467,653, 8,408,811, and 7,090,407. 
     While preferred embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, modifications and variations may be made thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that aspects of the various embodiments may be interchanged both in whole or in part. Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the foregoing description is by way of example only, and is not intended to be limitative of the invention.