Abstract:
The recovery and rescue system includes a sail ( 5 ) with rigging ( 10 ) fitted around a spreader conduit ( 4 ), with an intake and outlet nozzle, wherein a starting system ( 6 ) is provided, including mechanical ( 12 - 13 ) and electromechanical ( 17 - 18 ) opening mechanisms, in the first case operated by a manual lever ( 16 ) and in the second case operated by a button ( 19 ). Air driven through the intake of the spreading conduit ( 4 ) activates the starting system ( 6 ) in order to spread the sail ( 5 ) and by parachute means retain or brake the aircraft wherein the said system assembly is fitted. Said system can be housed inside the aircraft in a container provided for the purpose.

Description:
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to a system capable of recovering an aircraft, in the event of engine failure thereof, rescuing the integrity of both the crew and of the aircraft. 
         [0002]    The invention is thus situated in the field of aeronautics, particularly of light aircraft of up to 3,500 Kg, and more specifically in that of security systems and devices for said aircraft. Likewise, its application can be extended to aircraft of larger sizes, such as business jets. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    Aircraft of the type previously mentioned, i.e. those commonly called light aircraft or ultra-light aircraft, use a single engine, so that if there is a failure thereof the aircraft is left incapacitated to stay in the air, so that in a large majority of the cases, said failure consequently results in the destruction of the aircraft and the death of its crew members. 
         [0004]    Trying to circumvent this problem, systems of emergency parachutes are known, such as those manufactured by the American company BRS (Ballistic Recovery Systems), which use solid-fuel rockets to deploy the parachutes. 
         [0005]    These systems, of a single use, are installed inside a cartridge or box which generally is installed in the luggage compartment, although they are occasionally installed in the fuselage, but with important modifications therein. 
         [0006]    Furthermore, said type of systems are expensive, have limits of use due to maximum velocity and are dangerous for the rescue teams, to which must be added that they use a complex firing system, and a risk stemming from the use of pyrotechnics for their firing. 
       DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0007]    The recovery and rescue system proposed by the invention fully resolves the previously mentioned drawbacks in a satisfactory manner, in the different aspects stated. 
         [0008]    To do this, more specifically and in accordance with one of the characteristics of the invention, the system starts from the use of a sail, the function whereof being to brake the fall of the aircraft in the event of an emergency, but with the special feature that said sail is housed inside a casing which is exterior with respect to the fuselage of the aircraft, specifically installed modularly on the upper part of said fuselage, and respecting the aerodynamics of the aircraft. 
         [0009]    Said casing is equipped with opening means, either manual or automatic, and the extension of the sail is produced by airflow; said sail remains attached to the central structure of the aircraft, specifically corresponding to its centre of gravity. 
         [0010]    Said opening will be automatic, with the collaboration of an electronic system built into the control panel, although, as has just been mentioned, it can also be manual, through a mechanical system, in any case permitting a safe descent of the aircraft and its occupants until reaching ground level. 
         [0011]    In accordance with what has just been stated, the system is materialized in a simple device, with an easy firing system, as the only mobile parts of the system are the front and rear parts of the casing, with minimal modifications in the fuselage of the aircraft. In order to compensate for the influence of the aforementioned casing in the aerodynamic characteristics of the array, said casing is of simple manufacture, which permits a single-use character, and the system is considerably safer than the conventional ones as it does not use pyrotechnics for its firing, and can even be used to abort take-offs. 
         [0012]    In a variant of embodiment, the recovery and rescue system is mounted inside the aircraft, the extension of the sail being carried out by means of a compressed gas system. 
         [0013]    In accordance with this alternative embodiment, the correct operation of the system will only be ensured in any of the flight conditions for which the system has been designed. 
         [0014]    Additionally, based on this second alternative embodiment, the safety system, i.e. the recovery and rescue system, can be applied to larger aircraft, such as business jets and even other types of vehicles which could suffer accidents and require a braking system for parachutes, such as terrestrial vehicles which travel down viaducts or such like. 
     
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0015]    In order to complement the description being carried out and with the purpose of helping towards a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, in accordance with a preferred example of practical embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description, wherein the following, in an illustrative and non-limitative character, has been represented: 
           [0016]      FIG. 1  shows a cross-sectioned schematic side elevational view of a recovery and rescue system for aircraft carried out in accordance with the object of the present invention, system which appears duly installed on the corresponding aircraft, only partially represented; 
           [0017]      FIG. 2  also shows a schematic representation, the two possibilities of actuation of the recovery and rescue system, i.e. the manual and the automatic system; 
           [0018]      FIG. 3  shows a cross-sectioned close up of the recovery and rescue system installed inside the aircraft; 
       
    
    
     PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION 
       [0019]    In view of the figures shown, and particularly of  FIG. 1 , it can be observed how in the system proposed there is an ellipsoidal container with a casing ( 1 ), an entrance portal ( 2 - 3 ) fragmented into two halves, and a spreader conduit ( 4 ), with outlet nozzle. The container or casing ( 1 ) is designed with an aerodynamic exterior nose cone to offer a minimal air resistance in the normal movement of the aircraft. 
         [0020]    The spreader conduit ( 4 ), whereon the sail ( 5 ) is duly folded, is found in the interior of the casing or container ( 1 ), finished off at its rear end in an initiation subsystem ( 6 ) situated at the same level as the outlet conduit nozzle ( 4 ), so that when the covers ( 2 ) and ( 3 ) which constitute the entrance portal are opened, the air enters the spreader conduit ( 4 ) at a high velocity towards the nozzle, the inflation of the subsystem ( 6 ) is produced and this is propelled to the exterior of the container ( 1 ) by the force of the air that is sucked in, said sail ( 5 ) or lift propulsion initiation subsystem producing the extension thereof. 
         [0021]    The sail or lift propulsion system ( 5 ) is finished off at its end opposite to the initiation subsystem ( 6 ) in an annular lag catch ( 7 ) which connects it to the rigging ( 8 ) which, duly rolled up, also around the spreader conduit ( 4 ), is finally fastened to a suitable point of the fixed structure, the sail ( 5 ) being adequately distanced from the aircraft. 
         [0022]    The structure described is complemented by a support frame ( 9 ) to fasten the system as a whole to the aircraft ( 10 ), in turn hidden by a shroud ( 11 ) which connects the container ( 1 ) to said aircraft ( 10 ), as also observed in  FIG. 1 . 
         [0023]    As previously stated and represented in  FIG. 2 , the actuation of the system, i.e. the spreading of the sail, can be carried out manually or automatically. 
         [0024]    In the manual opening system the covers ( 2 ) and ( 3 ) of the entrance portal are assisted by an opening mechanism ( 12 ), which can be actuated simultaneously with the opening mechanism ( 13 ) corresponding to the outlet nozzle ( 22 ) through a cable ( 14 ) which extends, with the collaboration of a section ( 15 ) of suitable length, towards a manual actuation lever ( 16 ) established in the cabin of the aircraft. 
         [0025]    When the actuation is automatic, the covers ( 2 ) and ( 3 ) of the entrance portal and the outlet nozzle cap ( 22 ), are in turn assisted by respective electromagnetic opening mechanisms ( 17 ) and ( 18 ), which can be actuated simultaneously by a button ( 19 ), also located in the cabin of the aircraft, supply which is produced by a battery ( 20 ) assisted by a surge protector ( 21 ). 
         [0026]    The aircraft will generally incorporate the two actuation systems, the automatic and the manual, normally being actuated by the former of the two, and using the manual system only in the event of failure of the automatic system. 
         [0027]    In the variant of embodiment shown in  FIG. 3 , the recovery and rescue system previously described is situated inside a housing or container ( 23 ) provided for this purpose in said aircraft, in whose case, corresponding to the front part facing the inlet of the spreader conduit ( 4 ) is included a compressed gas system ( 24 ), the outlet, as in the previous case, having the corresponding initiation system ( 6 ), so that when compressed air is propelled from the system ( 24 ), said air is projected at high speeds on the conduit ( 4 ) towards the outlet nozzle thereof, producing the inflation of the subsystem ( 6 ), being propelled to the exterior of the container or housing ( 23 ) by the force of the air sucked in, tensing said initiation subsystem ( 6 ) of the lift propulsion system or sail ( 5 ) itself, producing the extension thereof. 
         [0028]    The remaining elements and components of this alternative embodiment are the same as those referred to for the system disclosed and represented in  FIGS. 1 and 2 .