Abstract:
A system including a thermostat user interface for a network-connected thermostat is described. The system includes a thermostat including a frustum-shaped shell body having a circular cross-section and a circular rotatable ring, which is user rotatable for adjusting a setting of the thermostat. The system further includes a client application that is operable on a touch-screen device separate from the thermostat, that displays a graphical representation of a circular dial, that detects a user-input motion proximate the graphical representation, that determines a user-selected setpoint temperature value based on the user-input motion, that displays a numerical representation of the user-selected setpoint temperature value, and that wirelessly transmits to the thermostat data representative of the user-selected setpoint temperature.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCES 
       [0001]    This patent application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 14/464,647 filed Aug. 20, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 13/871,852 filed Apr. 26, 2013. Priority to these patent applications is claimed and these patent applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes. The subject matter of this patent application also relates to the subject matter of the following commonly assigned applications: U.S. Ser. No. 13/624,875 filed Sep. 21, 2012, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,893,032 on Nov. 18, 2014; U.S. Ser. No. 13/434,560 filed Mar. 29, 2012; U.S. Ser. No. 13/317,423 filed Oct. 17, 2011; International Application No. PCT/US12/00007 filed Jan. 3, 2012; and U.S. Ser. No. 13/269,501 filed Oct. 7, 2011, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,918,219 on Dec. 23, 2014. Each of the above-listed applications is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes. 
     
    
     FIELD 
       [0002]    This patent specification relates to systems, methods, and related computer program products for the monitoring and control of energy-consuming systems or other resource-consuming systems. More particularly, this patent specification relates to user interfaces for thermostat temperature setpoint modification on smartphone or other space-limited touchscreen device. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0003]    In designing touch-screen based user interfaces for remotely controlling a network-connected programmable thermostat, it is desirable to provide a high level of user-friendliness and intuitiveness. Additionally, when using a wireless communication technology over a computer network, it is desirable to impact network traffic as little as possible. Notably, the above-stated goals of user-friendliness, intuitiveness, and low network impact are shared with many different remote control scenarios, and it is indeed recognized that some progress has been made in the art toward these goals, as reflected, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 8,239,784, WO 2012118626, and US20080084400, each of which is incorporated by reference herein. However, it has been found that remote control of an HVAC system brings about one or more unique combinations of issues that need to be simultaneously resolved, all the while continuing to provide user-friendliness and intuitiveness. By way of example, it has been found desirable to provide a remote control user interface for a thermostat in which the actual resultant control signals are judiciously tailored to protect the HVAC equipment from unwarranted over-controlling, reduce unnecessary network traffic, and prevent the waste of energy, while at the same time providing a user interface experience in which the user perceives a high degree of control, a sense that they are “in command”, of an intuitive and delightfully easy-to-use temperature control system. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0004]    When controlling HVAC equipment, it has been found that certain combinations of controls should be minimized so as to protect certain types of equipment. For example, repeated on/off commands during a short time interval can cause excessive wear, damage, and/or malfunction of certain types of HVAC equipment. According to some embodiments a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) is described for adjusting an immediate control set point temperature for round thermostat having circular control member surrounding display. 
         [0005]    According to some embodiments the user experience is enhanced by allowing large-scale changes while reducing the risk of sudden unintended changes. In particular, reducing or eliminating “surprising” changes, have been found to profoundly degrade the user&#39;s interface experience. Surprising and/or sudden large changes have also been found to lead to a user perception of poor quality. 
         [0006]    According to some embodiments, the impact on network traffic is reduced. Overly heavy traffic increases risk of data corruption and also has battery implications, since each device is woken-up for the update. Furthermore, the risk of impacting HVAC system devices due to repeated conflicting commands is also reduced. For example, certain components such as the fan are not normally protected against turning on/off quickly. However, there will still be a large inductive load cycle with fan going on/off/on/off. Additionally, according to some embodiments there is a reduced risk of excessive user interaction (e.g. over-playfulness). 
         [0007]    According to one or more embodiments, a method is described for interactively and graphically interfacing with a user of an HVAC system controlled by a thermostat. The thermostat includes a housing, a ring-shaped user-interface component, a processing system, and an electronic display. The method includes: on a touch-screen display in a location separate and apart from the thermostat, graphically displaying a circular region and one or more control symbols located thereon, the one or more control symbols graphically representing user manipulation of the ring-shaped user-interface component on the thermostat; detecting user input motion on the touch screen display in response to a touch and drag gesture by a user which is representative of user manipulation of the ring-shaped user-interface component on the thermostat; dynamically identifying a setpoint temperature value based on the detected user input motion; on the touch-screen display, dynamically displaying in real-time information representative of the identified set point temperature value on the circular region of the touch-screen display; waiting for an amount of time such that there is a relatively high likelihood that the identified setpoint temperature value corresponds to a setpoint temperature desired by the user; and wirelessly transmitting data representative of the identified setpoint temperature value. 
         [0008]    According to some other embodiments, another method is described for interactively and graphically interfacing with a user of an HVAC system controlled by a thermostat. The thermostat comprising a housing, a ring-shaped user-interface component, a processing system and a rounded electronic display. On the thermostat display, a temperature marker symbol moves along an arc-shaped path near an outer periphery of the electronic display in response to rotation of the ring-shaped control member. The method includes: on a touch-screen display device in a location separate and apart from the thermostat, graphically displaying a circular region and an arc-shaped path near an outer periphery thereof, and a temperature control marker symbol that is positioned along the arc-shaped path of the circular region at a position associated with a current setpoint temperature value; detecting a user input gesture on the touch screen display in response to a touch and hold gesture by a user at a location on the arc-shaped path displayed on the circular region; gradually moving the temperature control marker symbol along the arc-shaped path on the circular region towards the location of the touch and hold gesture; dynamically identifying a setpoint temperature value based on the detected user input gesture; and wirelessly transmitting data representative of the identified setpoint temperature value. 
         [0009]    According to some embodiments, a system is described for interactively and graphically interfacing with a user of an HVAC system. The described system includes: a thermostat with a housing, a ring-shaped user-interface component, a processing system configured to control an HVAC system based at least in part on a comparison of a measured ambient air temperature and a setpoint temperature value and a rounded electronic display under operative control of the processing. The described system also includes a touch screen display device operable from a location separate and apart from the thermostat, the touch screen display device including a touch screen display and a processing system communicatively coupled thereto. The display device processing system is programmed and configured to: graphically display a circular region and one or more control symbols located thereon, the one or more control symbols graphically representing user manipulation of the ring-shaped user-interface component on the thermostat; detect user input motion on the touch screen display in response to a touch and drag gesture by a user which is a representative of user manipulation of the ring-shaped user-interface component on the thermostat; dynamically identify a setpoint temperature value based on the detected user input motion; on the touch screen display, dynamically display in real-time information representative of the identified set point temperature value corresponding to a setpoint temperature desired by the user; waiting for an amount of time such that there is a relatively high likelihood that the identified setpoint temperature value corresponding to a setpoint temperature desired by the user; and wirelessly transmitting data representative of the identified setpoint temperature value so as to update the setpoint temperature value of the thermostat. 
         [0010]    It will be appreciated that these systems and methods are novel, as are applications thereof and many of the components, systems, methods and algorithms employed and included therein. It should be appreciated that embodiments of the presently described inventive body of work can be implemented in numerous ways, including as processes, apparata, systems, devices, methods, computer readable media, computational algorithms, embedded or distributed software and/or as a combination thereof. Several illustrative embodiments are described below. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0011]    The inventive body of work will be readily understood by referring to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
           [0012]      FIG. 1  illustrates an example of a smart home environment within which one or more of the devices, methods, systems, services, and/or computer program products described further herein can be applicable; 
           [0013]      FIG. 2  illustrates a network-level view of an extensible devices and services platform with which the smart home of  FIG. 1  can be integrated, according to some embodiments; 
           [0014]      FIG. 3  illustrates an abstracted functional view of the extensible devices and services platform of  FIG. 2 , according to some embodiments; 
           [0015]      FIG. 4  is a schematic diagram of an HVAC system, according to some embodiments; 
           [0016]      FIGS. 5A-5D  illustrate a thermostat having a visually pleasing, smooth, sleek and rounded exterior appearance while at the same time including one or more sensors for detecting occupancy and/or users, according to some embodiments; 
           [0017]      FIGS. 6A-6D  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some embodiments; 
           [0018]      FIGS. 7A-7D  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some embodiments; 
           [0019]      FIG. 8  is a flow chart showing aspects of updating devices with new user settings made remotely, according to some embodiments; 
           [0020]      FIGS. 9A-9G  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some embodiments; 
           [0021]      FIGS. 10A-D  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some embodiments; 
           [0022]      FIGS. 11A-F  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some embodiments; 
           [0023]      FIGS. 12A-E  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some embodiments; 
           [0024]      FIGS. 13A-D  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some embodiments; 
           [0025]      FIGS. 14A-B  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some other embodiments; 
           [0026]      FIGS. 15A-C  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some other embodiments; 
           [0027]      FIGS. 16A-C  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some other embodiments; 
           [0028]      FIGS. 17A-C  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat operating in a range-mode, according to some other embodiments; 
           [0029]      FIG. 18A  illustrates a perspective view a user-friendly, non-circular thermostat according to some embodiments; 
           [0030]      FIGS. 18B-18C  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface a touch-screen device for remotely controlling non-circular thermostat, according to some embodiments; and 
           [0031]      FIG. 19  shows aspects of a thermostat graphical user interface implemented on a tablet computer with a touch screen device, according to some embodiments. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0032]    The subject matter of this patent specification relates to the subject matter of the following commonly assigned applications, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes: U.S. Ser. No. 13/624,875 filed Sep. 21, 2012, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,893,032 on Nov. 18, 2014; U.S. Ser. No. 13/434,560 filed Mar. 29, 2012; International Application No. PCT/US12/00007 filed Jan. 3, 2012; U.S. Ser. No. 13/466,815 filed May 8, 2012, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,046,898 on Jun. 2, 2015; U.S. Ser. No. 13/467,025 filed May 8, 2012, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,788,103 on Jul. 22, 2014; U.S. Ser. No. 13/351,688 filed Jan. 17, 2012, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,195,313 on Jun. 5, 2012; U.S. Ser. No. 13/317,423 filed Oct. 17, 2011; U.S. Ser. No. 13/269,501 filed Oct. 7, 2011, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,918,219 on Dec. 23, 2014; U.S. Ser. No. 61/627,996 filed Oct. 21, 2011; U.S. Ser. No. 61/429,093 filed Dec. 31, 2010; U.S. Ser. No. 61/415,771 filed Nov. 19, 2010; and U.S. Ser. No. 12/881,430 filed Sep. 14, 2010, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,510,255 on Aug. 13, 2013. The above-referenced patent applications are collectively referenced herein as “the commonly assigned” applications. 
         [0033]    A detailed description of the inventive body of work is provided herein. While several embodiments are described, it should be understood that the inventive body of work is not limited to any one embodiment, but instead encompasses numerous alternatives, modifications, and equivalents. In addition, while numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a thorough understanding of the inventive body of work, some embodiments can be practiced without some or all of these details. Moreover, for the purpose of clarity, certain technical material that is known in the related art has not been described in detail in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the inventive body of work. 
         [0034]    As used herein the term “HVAC” includes systems providing both heating and cooling, heating only, cooling only, as well as systems that provide other occupant comfort and/or conditioning functionality such as humidification, dehumidification and ventilation. 
         [0035]    As used herein the terms power “harvesting,” “sharing” and “stealing” when referring to HVAC thermostats all refer to thermostats that are designed to derive power from the power transformer through the equipment load without using a direct or common wire source directly from the transformer. 
         [0036]    As used herein the term “residential” when referring to an HVAC system means a type of HVAC system that is suitable to heat, cool and/or otherwise condition the interior of a building that is primarily used as a single family dwelling. An example of a cooling system that would be considered residential would have a cooling capacity of less than about 5 tons of refrigeration (1 ton of refrigeration=12,000 Btu/h). 
         [0037]    As used herein the term “light commercial” when referring to an HVAC system means a type of HVAC system that is suitable to heat, cool and/or otherwise condition the interior of a building that is primarily used for commercial purposes, but is of a size and construction that a residential HVAC system is considered suitable. An example of a cooling system that would be considered residential would have a cooling capacity of less than about 5 tons of refrigeration. 
         [0038]    As used herein the term “thermostat” means a device or system for regulating parameters such as temperature and/or humidity within at least a part of an enclosure. The term “thermostat” may include a control unit for a heating and/or cooling system or a component part of a heater or air conditioner. As used herein the term “thermostat” can also refer generally to a versatile sensing and control unit (VSCU unit) that is configured and adapted to provide sophisticated, customized, energy-saving HVAC control functionality while at the same time being visually appealing, non-intimidating, elegant to behold, and delightfully easy to use. 
         [0039]      FIG. 1  illustrates an example of a smart home environment within which one or more of the devices, methods, systems, services, and/or computer program products described further herein can be applicable. The depicted smart home environment includes a structure  150 , which can include, e.g., a house, office building, garage, or mobile home. It will be appreciated that devices can also be integrated into a smart home environment that does not include an entire structure  150 , such as an apartment, condominium, or office space. Further, the smart home environment can control and/or be coupled to devices outside of the actual structure  150 . Indeed, several devices in the smart home environment need not physically be within the structure  150  at all. For example, a device controlling a pool heater or irrigation system can be located outside of the structure  150 . 
         [0040]    The depicted structure  150  includes a plurality of rooms  152 , separated at least partly from each other via walls  154 . The walls  154  can include interior walls or exterior walls. Each room can further include a floor  156  and a ceiling  158 . Devices can be mounted on, integrated with and/or supported by a wall  154 , floor or ceiling. 
         [0041]    The smart home depicted in  FIG. 1  includes a plurality of devices, including intelligent, multi-sensing, network-connected devices that can integrate seamlessly with each other and/or with cloud-based server systems to provide any of a variety of useful smart home objectives. One, more or each of the devices illustrated in the smart home environment and/or in the figure can include one or more sensors, a user interface, a power supply, a communications component, a modularity unit and intelligent software as described herein. Examples of devices are shown in  FIG. 1 . 
         [0042]    An intelligent, multi-sensing, network-connected thermostat  102  can detect ambient climate characteristics (e.g., temperature and/or humidity) and control a heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) system  103 . One or more intelligent, network-connected, multi-sensing hazard detection units  104  can detect the presence of a hazardous substance and/or a hazardous condition in the home environment (e.g., smoke, fire, or carbon monoxide). One or more intelligent, multi-sensing, network-connected entryway interface devices  106 , which can be termed a “smart doorbell”, can detect a person&#39;s approach to or departure from a location, control audible functionality, announce a person&#39;s approach or departure via audio or visual means, or control settings on a security system (e.g., to activate or deactivate the security system). 
         [0043]    Each of a plurality of intelligent, multi-sensing, network-connected wall light switches  108  can detect ambient lighting conditions, detect room-occupancy states and control a power and/or dim state of one or more lights. In some instances, light switches  108  can further or alternatively control a power state or speed of a fan, such as a ceiling fan. Each of a plurality of intelligent, multi-sensing, network-connected wall plug interfaces  110  can detect occupancy of a room or enclosure and control supply of power to one or more wall plugs (e.g., such that power is not supplied to the plug if nobody is at home). The smart home may further include a plurality of intelligent, multi-sensing, network-connected appliances  112 , such as refrigerators, stoves and/or ovens, televisions, washers, dryers, lights (inside and/or outside the structure  150 ), stereos, intercom systems, garage-door openers, floor fans, ceiling fans, whole-house fans, wall air conditioners, pool heaters  114 , irrigation systems  116 , security systems (including security system components such as cameras, motion detectors and window/door sensors), and so forth. While descriptions of  FIG. 1  can identify specific sensors and functionalities associated with specific devices, it will be appreciated that any of a variety of sensors and functionalities (such as those described throughout the specification) can be integrated into the device. 
         [0044]    In addition to containing processing and sensing capabilities, each of the devices  102 ,  104 ,  106 ,  108 ,  110 ,  112 ,  114  and  116  can be capable of data communications and information sharing with any other of the devices  102 ,  104 ,  106 ,  108 ,  110 ,  112 ,  114  and  116 , as well as to any cloud server or any other device that is network-connected anywhere in the world. The devices can send and receive communications via any of a variety of custom or standard wireless protocols (Wi-Fi, ZigBee, 6LoWPAN, etc.) and/or any of a variety of custom or standard wired protocols (CAT6 Ethernet, HomePlug, etc.). The wall plug interfaces  110  can serve as wireless or wired repeaters, and/or can function as bridges between (i) devices plugged into AC outlets and communicating using Homeplug or other power line protocol, and (ii) devices that not plugged into AC outlets. 
         [0045]    For example, a first device can communicate with a second device via a wireless router  160 . A device can further communicate with remote devices via a connection to a network, such as the Internet  162 . Through the Internet  162 , the device can communicate with a central server or a cloud-computing system  164 . The central server or cloud-computing system  164  can be associated with a manufacturer, support entity or service provider associated with the device. For one embodiment, a user may be able to contact customer support using a device itself rather than needing to use other communication means such as a telephone or Internet-connected computer. Further, software updates can be automatically sent from the central server or cloud-computing system  164  to devices (e.g., when available, when purchased, or at routine intervals). 
         [0046]    By virtue of network connectivity, one or more of the smart-home devices of  FIG. 1  can further allow a user to interact with the device even if the user is not proximate to the device. For example, a user can communicate with a device using a computer (e.g., a desktop computer, laptop computer, or tablet) or other portable electronic device (e.g., a smartphone). A webpage or app can be configured to receive communications from the user and control the device based on the communications and/or to present information about the device&#39;s operation to the user. For example, the user can view a current setpoint temperature for a device and adjust it using a computer. The user can be in the structure during this remote communication or outside the structure. 
         [0047]    The smart home also can include a variety of non-communicating legacy appliances  140 , such as old conventional washer/dryers, refrigerators, and the like which can be controlled, albeit coarsely (ON/OFF), by virtue of the wall plug interfaces  110 . The smart home can further include a variety of partially communicating legacy appliances  142 , such as IR-controlled wall air conditioners or other IR-controlled devices, which can be controlled by IR signals provided by the hazard detection units  104  or the light switches  108 . 
         [0048]      FIG. 2  illustrates a network-level view of an extensible devices and services platform with which the smart home of  FIG. 1  can be integrated, according to some embodiments. Each of the intelligent, network-connected devices from  FIG. 1  can communicate with one or more remote central servers or cloud computing systems  164 . The communication can be enabled by establishing connection to the Internet  162  either directly (for example, using 3G/4G connectivity to a wireless carrier), though a hubbed network (which can be scheme ranging from a simple wireless router, for example, up to and including an intelligent, dedicated whole-home control node), or through any combination thereof. 
         [0049]    The central server or cloud-computing system  164  can collect operation data  202  from the smart home devices. For example, the devices can routinely transmit operation data or can transmit operation data in specific instances (e.g., when requesting customer support). The central server or cloud-computing architecture  164  can further provide one or more services  204 . The services  204  can include, e.g., software update, customer support, sensor data collection/logging, remote access, remote or distributed control, or use suggestions (e.g., based on collected operation data  204  to improve performance, reduce utility cost, etc.). Data associated with the services  204  can be stored at the central server or cloud-computing system  164  and the central server or cloud-computing system  164  can retrieve and transmit the data at an appropriate time (e.g., at regular intervals, upon receiving request from a user, etc.). 
         [0050]    One salient feature of the described extensible devices and services platform, as illustrated in  FIG. 2 , is a processing engines  206 , which can be concentrated at a single server or distributed among several different computing entities without limitation. Processing engines  206  can include engines configured to receive data from a set of devices (e.g., via the Internet or a hubbed network), to index the data, to analyze the data and/or to generate statistics based on the analysis or as part of the analysis. The analyzed data can be stored as derived data  208 . Results of the analysis or statistics can thereafter be transmitted back to a device providing ops data used to derive the results, to other devices, to a server providing a webpage to a user of the device, or to other non-device entities. For example, use statistics, use statistics relative to use of other devices, use patterns, and/or statistics summarizing sensor readings can be transmitted. The results or statistics can be provided via the Internet  162 . In this manner, processing engines  206  can be configured and programmed to derive a variety of useful information from the operational data obtained from the smart home. A single server can include one or more engines. 
         [0051]    The derived data can be highly beneficial at a variety of different granularities for a variety of useful purposes, ranging from explicit programmed control of the devices on a per-home, per-neighborhood, or per-region basis (for example, demand-response programs for electrical utilities), to the generation of inferential abstractions that can assist on a per-home basis (for example, an inference can be drawn that the homeowner has left for vacation and so security detection equipment can be put on heightened sensitivity), to the generation of statistics and associated inferential abstractions that can be used for government or charitable purposes. For example, processing engines  206  can generate statistics about device usage across a population of devices and send the statistics to device users, service providers or other entities (e.g., that have requested or may have provided monetary compensation for the statistics). As specific illustrations, statistics can be transmitted to charities  222 , governmental entities  224  (e.g., the Food and Drug Administration or the Environmental Protection Agency), academic institutions  226  (e.g., university researchers), businesses  228  (e.g., providing device warranties or service to related equipment), or utility companies  230 . These entities can use the data to form programs to reduce energy usage, to preemptively service faulty equipment, to prepare for high service demands, to track past service performance, etc., or to perform any of a variety of beneficial functions or tasks now known or hereinafter developed. 
         [0052]      FIG. 3  illustrates an abstracted functional view of the extensible devices and services platform of  FIG. 2 , with particular reference to the processing engine  206  as well as the devices of the smart home. Even though the devices situated in the smart home will have an endless variety of different individual capabilities and limitations, they can all be thought of as sharing common characteristics in that each of them is a data consumer  302  (DC), a data source  304  (DS), a services consumer  306  (SC), and a services source  308  (SS). Advantageously, in addition to providing the essential control information needed for the devices to achieve their local and immediate objectives, the extensible devices and services platform can also be configured to harness the large amount of data that is flowing out of these devices. In addition to enhancing or optimizing the actual operation of the devices themselves with respect to their immediate functions, the extensible devices and services platform can also be directed to “repurposing” that data in a variety of automated, extensible, flexible, and/or scalable ways to achieve a variety of useful objectives. These objectives may be predefined or adaptively identified based on, e.g., usage patterns, device efficiency, and/or user input (e.g., requesting specific functionality). 
         [0053]    For example,  FIG. 3  shows processing engine  206  as including a number of paradigms  310 . Processing engine  206  can include a managed services paradigm  310   a  that monitors and manages primary or secondary device functions. The device functions can include ensuring proper operation of a device given user inputs, estimating that (e.g., and responding to) an intruder is or is attempting to be in a dwelling, detecting a failure of equipment coupled to the device (e.g., a light bulb having burned out), implementing or otherwise responding to energy demand response events, or alerting a user of a current or predicted future event or characteristic. Processing engine  206  can further include an advertising/communication paradigm  310   b  that estimates characteristics (e.g., demographic information), desires and/or products of interest of a user based on device usage. Services, promotions, products or upgrades can then be offered or automatically provided to the user. Processing engine  206  can further include a social paradigm  310   c  that uses information from a social network, provides information to a social network (for example, based on device usage), processes data associated with user and/or device interactions with the social network platform. For example, a user&#39;s status as reported to their trusted contacts on the social network could be updated to indicate when they are home based on light detection, security system inactivation or device usage detectors. As another example, a user may be able to share device-usage statistics with other users. Processing engine  206  can include a challenges/rules/compliance/rewards paradigm  310   d  that informs a user of challenges, rules, compliance regulations and/or rewards and/or that uses operation data to determine whether a challenge has been met, a rule or regulation has been complied with and/or a reward has been earned. The challenges, rules or regulations can relate to efforts to conserve energy, to live safely (e.g., reducing exposure to toxins or carcinogens), to conserve money and/or equipment life, to improve health, etc. 
         [0054]    Processing engine can integrate or otherwise utilize extrinsic information  316  from extrinsic sources to improve the functioning of one or more processing paradigms. Extrinsic information  316  can be used to interpret operational data received from a device, to determine a characteristic of the environment near the device (e.g., outside a structure that the device is enclosed in), to determine services or products available to the user, to identify a social network or social-network information, to determine contact information of entities (e.g., public-service entities such as an emergency-response team, the police or a hospital) near the device, etc., to identify statistical or environmental conditions, trends or other information associated with a home or neighborhood, and so forth. 
         [0055]    An extraordinary range and variety of benefits can be brought about by, and fit within the scope of, the described extensible devices and services platform, ranging from the ordinary to the profound. Thus, in one “ordinary” example, each bedroom of the smart home can be provided with a smoke/fire/CO alarm that includes an occupancy sensor, wherein the occupancy sensor is also capable of inferring (e.g., by virtue of motion detection, facial recognition, audible sound patterns, etc.) whether the occupant is asleep or awake. If a serious fire event is sensed, the remote security/monitoring service or fire department is advised of how many occupants there are in each bedroom, and whether those occupants are still asleep (or immobile) or whether they have properly evacuated the bedroom. While this is, of course, a very advantageous capability accommodated by the described extensible devices and services platform, there can be substantially more “profound” examples that can truly illustrate the potential of a larger “intelligence” that can be made available. By way of perhaps a more “profound” example, the same data bedroom occupancy data that is being used for fire safety can also be “repurposed” by the processing engine  206  in the context of a social paradigm of neighborhood child development and education. Thus, for example, the same bedroom occupancy and motion data discussed in the “ordinary” example can be collected and made available for processing (properly anonymized) in which the sleep patterns of schoolchildren in a particular ZIP code can be identified and tracked. Localized variations in the sleeping patterns of the schoolchildren may be identified and correlated, for example, to different nutrition programs in local schools. 
         [0056]      FIG. 4  is a schematic diagram of an HVAC system, according to some embodiments. HVAC system  103  provides heating, cooling, ventilation, and/or air handling for an enclosure, such as structure  150  depicted in  FIG. 1 . System  103  depicts a forced air type heating and cooling system, although according to other embodiments, other types of HVAC systems could be used such as radiant heat based systems, heat-pump based systems, and others. 
         [0057]    For carrying out the heating function, heating coils or elements  442  within air handler  440  provide a source of heat using electricity or gas via line  436 . Cool air is drawn from the enclosure via return air duct  446  through filter  470 , using fan  438  and is heated through heating coils or elements  442 . The heated air flows back into the enclosure at one or more locations via supply air duct system  452  and supply air registers such as register  450 . In cooling, an outside compressor  430  passes a gas such as Freon through a set of heat exchanger coils and then through an expansion valve. The gas then goes through line  432  to the cooling coils or evaporator coils  434  in the air handler  440  where it expands, cools and cools the air being circulated via fan  438 . A humidifier  454  may optionally be included in various embodiments that returns moisture to the air before it passes through duct system  452 . Although not shown in  FIG. 4 , alternate embodiments of HVAC system  103  may have other functionality such as venting air to and from the outside, one or more dampers to control airflow within the duct system  452  and an emergency heating unit. Overall operation of HVAC system  103  is selectively actuated by control electronics  412  communicating with thermostat  102  over control wires  448 . 
         [0058]      FIGS. 5A-5D  illustrate a thermostat having a visually pleasing, smooth, sleek and rounded exterior appearance while at the same time including one or more sensors for detecting occupancy and/or users, according to some embodiments.  FIG. 5A  is front view,  FIG. 5B  is a bottom elevation,  FIG. 5C  is a right side elevation, and  FIG. 5D  is prospective view of thermostat  102 . Unlike many prior art thermostats, thermostat  102  has a sleek, simple, uncluttered and elegant design that does not detract from home decoration, and indeed can serve as a visually pleasing centerpiece for the immediate location in which it is installed. Moreover, user interaction with thermostat  102  is facilitated and greatly enhanced over known conventional thermostats by the design of thermostat  102 . The thermostat  102  includes control circuitry and is electrically connected to an HVAC system  103 , such as is shown in  FIGS. 1-4 . Thermostat  102  is wall mountable, is circular in shape, and has an outer rotatable ring  512  for receiving user input. Thermostat  102  is circular in shape in that it appears as a generally disk-like circular object when mounted on the wall. Thermostat  102  has a large convex rounded front face lying inside the outer ring  512 . According to some embodiments, thermostat  102  is approximately 80 mm in diameter and protrudes from the wall, when wall mounted, by 32 mm. The outer rotatable ring  512  allows the user to make adjustments, such as selecting a new setpoint temperature. For example, by rotating the outer ring  512  clockwise, the realtime (i.e. currently active) setpoint temperature can be increased, and by rotating the outer ring  512  counter-clockwise, the realtime setpoint temperature can be decreased. The front face of the thermostat  102  comprises a clear cover  514  that according to some embodiments is polycarbonate, and a Fresnel lens  510  having an outer shape that matches the contours of the curved outer front face of the thermostat  102 . According to some embodiments, the Fresnel lens elements are formed on the interior surface of the Fresnel lens piece  510  such that they are not obviously visible by viewing the exterior of the thermostat  102 . Behind the Fresnel lens is a passive infrared sensor  550  for detecting occupancy, and the Fresnel lens piece  510  is made from a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) that has an infrared transmission range appropriate for sensitivity to human bodies. As shown in  FIGS. 5A-5D , the front edge of rotating ring  512 , front face  514  and Fresnel lens  510  are shaped such that they together form a, integrated convex rounded front face that has a common outward arc or spherical shape gently arcing outward. 
         [0059]    Although being formed from a single lens-like piece of material such as polycarbonate, the cover  514  has two different regions or portions including an outer portion  514   o  and a central portion  514   i . According to some embodiments, the cover  514  is painted or smoked around the outer portion  514   o , but leaves the central portion  514   i  visibly clear so as to facilitate viewing of an electronic display  516  disposed thereunderneath. According to some embodiments, the curved cover  514  acts as a lens that tends to magnify the information being displayed in electronic display  516  to users. According to some embodiments the central electronic display  516  is a dot-matrix layout (i.e. individually addressable) such that arbitrary shapes can be generated, rather than being a segmented layout. According to some embodiments, a combination of dot-matrix layout and segmented layout is employed. According to some embodiments, central display  516  is a backlit color liquid crystal display (LCD). An example of information displayed on the electronic display  516  is illustrated in  FIG. 5A , and includes central numerals  520  that are representative of a current setpoint temperature, which in this case is 67 degrees F. Also shown on the electronic display  516  is a circular arrangement of tick-marks  570  on which the current ambient temperature is shown by ambient temperature marker  572  and the adjacent small numbers “70” indicating that the ambient temperature is currently 70 degrees F. Also shown in the tick-mark circle  570  is the setpoint caret symbol  580  which graphically indicates the current setpoint temperature, which in this case is 67 degrees F. The current setpoint temperature can be simply and intuitively adjusted by a user by rotating the ring  512 . In response to detecting rotation of ring  512 , setpoint caret  580  is in real time rotated along the tick mark circle  570  which has been found to provide useful feedback which enhances the user experience. 
         [0060]    The thermostat  102  is preferably constructed such that the electronic display  516  is at a fixed orientation and does not rotate with the outer ring  512 , so that the electronic display  516  remains easily read by the user. For some embodiments, the cover  514  and Fresnel lens  510  also remain at a fixed orientation and do not rotate with the outer ring  512 . According to one embodiment in which the diameter of the thermostat  102  is about 80 mm, the diameter of the electronic display  516  is about 45 mm. According to some embodiments the gently outwardly curved shape of the front surface of thermostat  102 , which is made up of cover  514 , Fresnel lens  510  and the front facing portion of ring  512 , is spherical, and matches a sphere having a radius of between 100 mm and 150 mm. According to some embodiments, the radius of the spherical shape of the thermostat front is about 136 mm. 
         [0061]    Motion sensing with PIR sensor  550  as well as other techniques can be used in the detection and/or predict of occupancy, as is described further in the commonly assigned U.S. Ser. No. 12/881,430 (Ref. No. NES0002-US), which is incorporated herein by reference. According to some embodiments, occupancy information is used in generating an effective and efficient scheduled program. A second downwardly-tilted PIR sensor  552  is provided to detect an approaching user. The proximity sensor  552  can be used to detect proximity in the range of about one meter so that the thermostat  102  can initiate “waking up” when the user is approaching the thermostat and prior to the user touching the thermostat. Such use of proximity sensing is useful for enhancing the user experience by being “ready” for interaction as soon as, or very soon after the user is ready to interact with the thermostat. Further, the wake-up-on-proximity functionality also allows for energy savings within the thermostat by “sleeping” when no user interaction is taking place our about to take place. 
         [0062]    According to some embodiments, for the combined purposes of inspiring user confidence and further promoting visual and functional elegance, the thermostat  102  is controlled by only two types of user input, the first being a rotation of the outer ring  512  as shown in  FIG. 5A  (referenced hereafter as a “rotate ring” or “ring rotation” input), and the second being an inward push on head unit  540  until an audible and/or tactile “click” occurs (referenced hereafter as an “inward click” or simply “click” input). For such embodiments, the head unit  540  is an assembly that includes all of the outer ring  512 , cover  514 , electronic display  516 , and the Fresnel lens  510 . When pressed inwardly by the user, the head unit  540  travels inwardly by a small amount, such as 0.5 mm, against an interior metallic dome switch (not shown), and then springably travels back outwardly by that same amount when the inward pressure is released, providing a satisfying tactile “click” sensation to the user&#39;s hand, along with a corresponding gentle audible clicking sound. Thus, for the embodiment of  FIGS. 5A-5D , an inward click can be achieved by direct pressing on the outer ring  512  itself, or by indirect pressing of the outer ring by virtue of providing inward pressure on the cover  514 , lens  510 , or by various combinations thereof. For other embodiments, the thermostat  102  can be mechanically configured such that only the outer ring  512  travels inwardly for the inward click input, while the cover  514  and lens  510  remain motionless. It is to be appreciated that a variety of different selections and combinations of the particular mechanical elements that will travel inwardly to achieve the “inward click” input are within the scope of the present teachings, whether it be the outer ring  512  itself, some part of the cover  514 , or some combination thereof. However, it has been found particularly advantageous to provide the user with an ability to quickly go back and forth between registering “ring rotations” and “inward clicks” with a single hand and with minimal amount of time and effort involved, and so the ability to provide an inward click directly by pressing the outer ring  512  has been found particularly advantageous, since the user&#39;s fingers do not need to be lifted out of contact with the device, or slid along its surface, in order to go between ring rotations and inward clicks. Moreover, by virtue of the strategic placement of the electronic display  516  centrally inside the rotatable ring  512 , a further advantage is provided in that the user can naturally focus their attention on the electronic display throughout the input process, right in the middle of where their hand is performing its functions. The combination of intuitive outer ring rotation, especially as applied to (but not limited to) the changing of a thermostat&#39;s setpoint temperature, conveniently folded together with the satisfying physical sensation of inward clicking, together with accommodating natural focus on the electronic display in the central midst of their fingers&#39; activity, adds significantly to an intuitive, seamless, and downright fun user experience. Further descriptions of advantageous mechanical user-interfaces and related designs, which are employed according to some embodiments, can be found in U.S. Ser. No. 13/033,573 (Ref. No. NES0016-US), U.S. Ser. No. 29/386,021 (Ref. No. NES0011-US-DES), and U.S. Ser. No. 13/199,108 (Ref. No. NES0054-US), all of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
         [0063]      FIGS. 5B and 5C  are bottom and right side elevation views of the thermostat  102 , which has been found to provide a particularly pleasing and adaptable visual appearance when viewed against a variety of different wall colors and wall textures in a variety of different home environments and home settings. While the thermostat itself will functionally adapt to the user&#39;s schedule as described herein and in one or more of the commonly assigned incorporated applications, the outer shape is specially configured to convey a “chameleon” quality or characteristic such that the overall device appears to naturally blend in, in a visual and decorative sense, with many of the most common wall colors and wall textures found in home and business environments, at least in part because it will appear to assume the surrounding colors and even textures when viewed from many different angles. 
         [0064]    According to some embodiments, the thermostat  102  includes a processing system  560 , display driver  564  and a wireless communications system  566 . The processing system  560  is adapted to cause the display driver  564  and display  516  to display information to the user, and to receiver user input via the rotatable ring  512 . The processing system  560 , according to some embodiments, is capable of carrying out the governance of the operation of thermostat  102  including various user interface features. The processing system  560  is further programmed and configured to carry out other operations as described further hereinbelow and/or in other ones of the commonly assigned incorporated applications. For example, processing system  560  is further programmed and configured to maintain and update a thermodynamic model for the enclosure in which the HVAC system is installed, such as described in U.S. Ser. No. 12/881,463 (Ref. No. NES0003-US), and in International Patent App. No. PCT/US11/51579 (Ref. No. NES0003-PCT), both of which are incorporated herein by reference. According to some embodiments, the wireless communications system  566  is used to communicate with devices such as personal computers and/or other thermostats or HVAC system components, which can be peer-to-peer communications, communications through one or more servers located on a private network, or and/or communications through a cloud-based service. 
         [0065]    According to some embodiments, for ease of installation, configuration and/or upgrading, especially by a non-expert installer such as a user, the thermostat  102  includes a head unit  540  and a backplate (or wall dock)  542 . As is described hereinabove, thermostat  102  is wall mounted and has circular in shape and has an outer rotatable ring  512  for receiving user input. Head unit  540  of thermostat  102  is slidably mountable onto back plate  542  and slidably detachable therefrom. According to some embodiments the connection of the head unit  540  to backplate  542  can be accomplished using magnets, bayonet, latches and catches, tabs or ribs with matching indentations, or simply friction on mating portions of the head unit  540  and backplate  542 . Also shown in  FIG. 5A  is a rechargeable battery  522  that is recharged using recharging circuitry  524  that uses power from backplate that is either obtained via power harvesting (also referred to as power stealing and/or power sharing) from the HVAC system control circuit(s) or from a common wire, if available, as described in further detail in co-pending patent application U.S. Ser. No. 13/034,674 (Ref. No. NES0006-US), and Ser. No. 13/034,678 (Ref. No. NES0007-US), which are incorporated by reference herein. According to some embodiments, rechargeable battery  522  is a single cell lithium-ion, or a lithium-polymer battery. 
         [0066]      FIGS. 6A-6D  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some embodiments. In  FIG. 6A , smartphone  600  is shown as an iPhone 4s running the Apple iOS operating system, although according to other embodiments the smartphone  600  could be a different device running a different operating system such as Android, Symbian, RIM, or Windows operating systems. Smart phone  600  has a touch sensitive display  610  on which various types of information can be shown and from which various types of user input can be received. For the example shown of an iPhone 4s, the display  610  is 3.5 inches measured diagonally. However, other smartphones may have slightly smaller, or larger displays, for example the iPhone 5 (4 inch diagonal), Samsung Galaxy S3 (4.8 inch diagonal), and Samsung Galaxy Note (5.3 inch diagonal). In any case the relatively small size of the smartphone touch screen display presents a challenge when designing a user-friendly interface. Note that while the user&#39;s hand  602  is shown in  FIG. 6A  to scale, in subsequent drawings, the user&#39;s hand is shown smaller in order not to overly obscure the features being described herein. 
         [0067]    The display area shows a top information bar  620  that is generated by and is standard to the operating system of the phone  600 . In  FIGS. 6A and 6B , the smart phone is oriented in a portrait orientation, such that the long edge of the display  610  is vertically oriented. An upper banner are  622  includes information such as the thermostat manufacture&#39;s logo, as well as the city name and current outdoor temperature for the location where the user&#39;s thermostat is installed. A main window area  630  shows a house symbol  632  with the name assigned in which thermostat is installed. A thermostat symbol  634  is also displayed along with the name assigned to the thermostat. For further details of user interfaces for remote devices such as smartphone  600 , see commonly assigned incorporated applications U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/317,423 (Ref. No. NES0159-US), and Ser. No. 13/434,560 (Ref. No. NES0212-US). In response to a user touching the thermostat icon  634  with the finger  602  of the user, an animated transition is made to a simulated thermostat display area  636 . According to some embodiments, display area  636  which is larger than the area  634  and is configured to mimic or closely resemble the display on the thermostat that is being remotely controlled. In this case, the area  636  closely resembles electronic display  516  of thermostat  102  shown in  FIG. 5A . Area  636  is circular which mimics the shape of thermostat display  516  and includes many or all of the same graphical elements, including a circular arrangement of tick-marks  670 , on which the current ambient temperature is indicated by the ambient temperature tick-mark symbol  672 . The ambient temperature is also shown in the small numerals “70” which indicates that the ambient temperature is 70 degrees F. The current setpoint temperature is shown by the caret symbol  680  as well as the large central numerals  674 . For further details on aspects of the graphical user interface of thermostats, see the commonly assigned U.S. Patent Publication No. 2012/0130546 A1 (Ref. No. NES0120-US), as well as commonly-assigned U.S. Pat. No. 8,195,313 (Ref. No. NES0175-US), both of which are incorporated by reference herein. When oriented in a portrait mode, according to some embodiments, a notification  638  is displayed that informs the user that further user interface features are available in landscape mode. When the user turns the smartphone  600  sideways, the screen transitions to a screen such as shown in  FIG. 6C . 
         [0068]    In  FIG. 6C , a lower menu bar  640  has an arrow shape that points to the symbol to which the displayed menu applies. In the example shown in  FIG. 6C , the arrow shape of menu  640  is pointed at the thermostat symbol  634 , indicating that the menu items, namely: Energy, Schedule, and Settings, pertain to the thermostat named “living room.” As in the case of  FIG. 6A , in response to a user touching the thermostat icon  634 , an animated transition is made to a simulated thermostat display area  636  as shown in  FIG. 6D . 
         [0069]      FIGS. 7A-7D  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some embodiments. In  FIG. 7A  the user touches the setpoint caret  680  with the user&#39;s finger  602  and using a “dragging” gesture slides the tip of finger  602  in a counter clockwise direction along tick-mark circle  670  as shown by arrow  710 . In response to detecting the “touch and drag” gesture, the setpoint caret  680  is moved along the tick-mark circle  670  as indicated by arrow  712  so as to remain underneath the tip of the user&#39;s finger  602 .  FIG. 7B  shows a subsequent position of the users finger  602  and the setpoint caret  680  during the dragging gesture. According to some embodiments, the central numerals  674  are changed in real-time to indicate the setpoint temperature that corresponds to the current position of the setpoint caret  680  along the tick-mark circle  670 . The user&#39;s finger  602  and the setpoint caret  680  are continuing to move in a counter clockwise direction as indicated by arrows  712  and  714  respectively. In  FIG. 7C  the user finishes the dragging gesture at finger position shown. Note that the setpoint caret  680  now corresponds to a setpoint temperature of 61 degrees F. as indicated to the user by the central numerals  674 . At this point the user lifts finger  602  from the touch screen display and the setpoint temperature remains at the position shown in  FIG. 7C .  FIG. 7D  shows the phone  600  with display  610  on which the simulated thermostat display area  636  indicates that the current setpoint temperature is 61 degrees F., following the remote adjustment by the user as shown in  FIGS. 7A-C . 
         [0070]      FIG. 8  is a flow chart showing aspects of updating devices with new user settings made remotely, according to some embodiments. In step  810 , the user&#39;s desire to change a temperature setpoint is detected on a remote device, for example as shown and described with respect to  FIGS. 7A-C , supra, as well as  FIGS. 9A-C ;  9 E-F;  10 A-D;  11 A-F;  12 A-F;  13 A-D;  14 A-D;  15 A-C;  16 A-C and  17 A-C, infra. According to some embodiments, the cloud server  164  shown in  FIG. 1  keeps a “state” of the thermostat  102  which includes a number of parameters defining the thermostat. The “state” parameters are synchronized between the server  164  and each of the remote devices such as smart phone, tablet PCs, web clients, as well as with the thermostat  102 . Whenever any of the state defining parameters is changed on any of the remote devices then the cloud server updates all other remote devices as well as thermostat  102 . According to some embodiments, in order to reduce the impact on network data traffic, HVAC system components, and/or other remote devices as well as the effected thermostat(s), a delay period  812  is introduced on the remote device that has detected the user input prior to uploading the changed setting to the cloud server. It has been found that in some cases where the user interface allows the user to easily and simply make relatively large scale changes (e.g. changes in setpoint temperature of several degrees F. or more) it is useful to introduce a delay period. It has been found that in many cases the user makes one or more large scale changes followed by smaller scale “fine-tuning” changes. In other cases, it has been found that some users find a user interface so appealing and/or fun and easy to use that they are inclined to “play” with the user interface—thereby making several changes in a relatively short period of time. It has been found that a delay period of between 0.5 seconds and 5 seconds before transmitting the change to the cloud server is suitable for allowing the user to “fine-tune” the setting or to reduce the impact of “playing” with the interface. According to some embodiments a delay of 1-2 seconds has been found to be suitable. Note that during this delay period  812 , the user interface on the remote device remains responsive to user input in real time. In other words, the electronic display remains completely responsive to the user&#39;s touch and drag gestures a shown in  FIGS. 7A-C , supra, as well as  FIGS. 9A-C ;  9 E-F;  10 A-D;  11 A-F;  12 A-F;  13 A-D;  14 A-D;  15 A-C;  16 A-C and  17 A-C, infra, during the delay period  812 . Following the delay period  812 , in step  814  the remote device transmits the changed setting to such as via internet  162  to cloud server  164  as shown in  FIG. 1 . A delay step  816  on the cloud server is shown which can according to some embodiments be used instead of, or in addition to the delay period  812  on the remote device that received the user input. In step  818  the cloud server transmits the new or modified setting to all other registered devices (such as other smart phones and/or tablet PCs, web clients, etc.) as well as one or more thermostats  102  (such as shown in various FIGS. herein). In step  820  the on thermostat(s)  102  are used to control the HVAC system using the new setpoint temperature setting. It has been found that introducing a delay as in steps  812  and/or  816  can significantly reduce the impact of settings changes on certain HVAC system components. For example, using a remote device interface, if a user rapidly changes the setpoint temperature the HVAC system may be repeatedly turned on and off in a short amount of time. Although some HVAC components, such as many AC compressors, have a built in “lock out” feature that prevents rapid cycling, not all components have such protection. For example, many fan motors do not have such protection. In such cases the delay such as in steps  812  and/or  816  are useful in preventing rapid cycling of HVAC components that are otherwise unprotected. 
         [0071]    According to some other embodiments, other methods can be used to reduce the impact on network traffic and/or HVAC components. For example, according to one embodiment if repeated reversals of setpoint change are detected (e.g. the user increases, then decreases, then increases, then decreases the setpoint temperature) then the user-interface remains active and responsive to the user&#39;s inputs, but the user interface does not send the updated temperature to the servers until after a longer delay (i.e. greater than the delay specified in step  812 ). Variations on this example include successively longer delay times depending on how many repeated reversals and/or conflicting changes are made within a predetermined period of time. For example, if a change is made and then un-done more than three times within 10 seconds, then the delay period in step  812  is increased to 20 seconds. 
         [0072]      FIGS. 9A-9G  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some embodiments. In  FIG. 9A  the user touches and holds the user&#39;s finger  602  at a location  900  on the tick-mark circle  670 . In response to the “touch and hold” gesture on the tic-mark circle  670 , the caret  680  begins to move towards the location  900  as shown by arrow  910 .  FIG. 9B , shows the user interface display a short time later. The user is still holding finger  602  at location  900 . The caret  680  continues to move along the tick-mark circle  670  toward the location  900  as indicated by the arrow  912 .  FIG. 9C  shows the display  636  a short time later, when the caret  680  has arrived at the location  900  where the user has been holding finger  602 . The mode of operation shown in  FIGS. 9A-F  can be referred to as “come to my finger” since the caret  680  comes to the location on the tick-mark circle  670  where the user&#39;s finger is being held. Note that the large central numerals  674  have been changing during the “come to my finger” modes so as to provide the user a further indication as to what settings changes are being made in response to the user&#39;s interaction. 
         [0073]    It has been found that in providing a user interface that allows the user to simply and intuitively make large-scale changes in setting such as setpoint temperature, it is desirable to reduce the risk of the user inadvertently making sudden “surprising” changes. One way to reduce this risk while still providing the ability to quickly make large-scale changes is to initially start the change at a low rate and then progressively increase the rate of change (i.e. to accelerate the rate of change of the setpoint temperature).  FIG. 9D  is a plot showing two different schemes for accelerating the rate of change of the setpoint temperature for large-scale setting changes such as the “come to my finger” type of setting change shown in  FIGS. 9A-C  and  9 E-G, according to some embodiments. In particular, both curve  920  and  922  start off at a relatively low rate of change as shown during period  924 . For example, the rate of change for the first few seconds is about 1-2 degrees F. per second, while the rate of change during period  926  can be 4-6 degrees F. per second. By providing an initially slow rate of change followed by a faster rate of change, the risk of surprising large scale changes can be significantly reduced while still providing the ability to quickly make large scale changes. According to some embodiments, an audible clicking or ticking sound is produced as the setpoint temperature is changing. For example a “click” sound can be associated with each 0.5 or 1 degree F. of change. When combined with the acceleration the increasing rate of the clicking or ticking sound provides an additional indication to the user to further enhance the user experience.  FIGS. 9E ,  9 F and  9 G show an example sequence of “come to my finger” adjustment through a touch and hold gesture, in which the user simply and quickly raises the setpoint temperature from 67 degrees F. to 81 degrees F. 
         [0074]      FIGS. 10A-D  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some embodiments.  FIG. 10A  shows an initial state of display area  636  in which the heating setpoint temperature is set to 81 degrees F. In this case, the user drags finger  602  through a central portion of the display area  636  rather on or along the tick-mark circle  670 . In  FIG. 10B , the user starts by touching the caret symbol  680 , but instead of dragging finger  602  along the tick-mark circle  670  (such as shown in  FIGS. 7A-C , for example), the user drags finger  602  towards the central area of display area  636  as shown by arrow  1010 . In  FIG. 10C , the user&#39;s finger  602  is touching the display area at a location  1002 . When the user&#39;s finger is close to the tick-mark circle  670 , such as at location  1000 , then the user interface interprets the gesture as a simple “touch and drag” gesture, such as shown in  FIGS. 7A-C . However, at some point the position of finger  602  is so far off the tick-mark circle, such as position  1002 , that the user interface interprets the gesture as a new location and responds by implementing a “come to my finger” mode of adjustment such as shown in  FIGS. 9A-C  and  9 E-F. In  FIG. 10D , the user&#39;s finger  602  continues to drag across the central area of display area  636 , as indicated by arrow  1012 , until it is located at location  1004 . In this case it is clear that a “come to my finger” adjustment mode should be implemented and the user interface responds by moving the setpoint caret symbol  680  towards the location  1004  as shown by arrow  1014 . In this way, “hybrid” gestures can be interpreted by the user interface. The user may start off by dragging the caret symbol  680  along the tick-mark circle  670 , but then at some point the user decides to take a “short cut” across the circle to a new location, at which point the user interface changes to “come to my finger” adjustment mode. 
         [0075]      FIGS. 11A-F  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some embodiments. In this case, the user repeatedly taps finger  602  in the central portion of the display area  636  in order to make small scale adjustments in the setpoint temperature.  FIG. 11A  shows an initial state of display area  636  in which the heating setpoint temperature is set to 81 degrees F. In  FIG. 11B , the user taps in a location within the lower half  1100  of the central area of display area  636 , and within the tick-mark circle  670 . In response to the single tap, the user interface changes the displayed setpoint lower by 1 degree F. in the central numerals  674  and the caret  680  is moved to a location corresponding to 1 degree F. lower.  FIGS. 11C and 11D  show the user interface response following repeated subsequent taps on the lower half of the central area, each time the setpoint temperature is lowered by 1 degree F.  FIGS. 11E and 11F  show the user interface response to taps in the upper half  1102  of the central area of display area  636 . Each tap in the upper area  1102  results in the setpoint temperature being raised by 1 degree F. 
         [0076]      FIGS. 12A-E  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some embodiments. In this case, the user uses a touch and hold gesture with finger  602  in the central portion of the display area  636  in order to make large scale adjustments in the setpoint temperature. In  FIG. 12A , the user uses a “touch and hold” gesture in a location within the lower half  1100  of the central area of display area  636 , and within the tick-mark circle  670 . In response to the touch and hold gesture, the user interface changes the displayed setpoint lower in the central numerals  674  and the caret  680  is moved to towards lower temperatures.  FIGS. 12B ,  12 C,  12 D and  12 E are a sequence of successively lower setpoints as the user&#39;s finger  602  is held in the lower area  1100  on the lower half of the central area. The setpoint is lowered until the user lifts finger  602  from the area  1100 . According to some embodiments, the large-scale change in response to the touch and hold gesture initially starts at low rate of change and subsequently accelerates to higher rates of change such as shown and described with respect to  FIG. 9D  so as to reduce the risk of inadvertent and surprising large scale changes in the setpoint temperature. The setpoint can also be raised using a touch and hold gesture in an upper area such as area  1102  shown in  FIG. 11E . 
         [0077]      FIGS. 13A-D  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some embodiments. In this case, the user repeatedly taps finger  602  on the tick-mark circle  670  area on one side or the other of the setpoint caret  680  on the display area  636  in order to make small-scale adjustments in the setpoint temperature.  FIG. 13A  shows an initial state of display area  636  in which the heating setpoint temperature is set to 81 degrees F. In  FIG. 13B , the user taps in a location  1300  of the tick mark circle  670  which is adjacent to and to the left side of the setpoint caret symbol  680  (i.e. on the side that indicates lower temperatures than represented by the location of caret symbol  680 ). In response to the single tap, the user interface changes the displayed setpoint lower by 1 degree F. in the central numerals  674  and the caret  680  is moved to a location corresponding to 1 degree F. lower.  FIG. 13C  shows the user interface response following a tap a location  1302  of the tick mark circle  670  to the left of the setpoint caret symbol  680 . Note that the area  1302  has shifted slightly from the area  1300  since the active area for making this type of adjustment is relative to the location of the current setpoint caret symbol  680 .  FIG. 13D  show the user interface response following a tap a location  1304  of the tick mark circle  670  to the right of the setpoint caret symbol  680  (i.e. the side indicating higher temperatures). Each tap within the area to the right (higher temperature) side of the setpoint caret symbol results in the setpoint temperature being raised by 1 degree F. 
         [0078]    Note that combinations of gestures described herein are contemplated and allow for intuitive means for a user to make setpoint changes using a remote touch screen device. For example in many cases the user may first make large-scale changes such as the “come to my finger” mode shown in  FIGS. 9A-C  and  9 E-G, or “touch and hold” gestures shown in  FIGS. 12A-E , followed by a “fine tuning” or small-scale adjustment such as the “touch and drag” gesture shown in  FIGS. 7A-C  and/or “tapping” gestures such as shown in  FIGS. 11A-F  and/or  FIGS. 13A-D . In many cases, the “transition” from one mode to the next is performed in a very natural and intuitive way for the user. For example, is a user starts by the a “touch and hold” gestures to make a large scale change using the “come to my finger” mode as shown in FIGS.  FIGS. 9A-C  and  9 E-G, followed by a “touch and drag” gesture for fine tuning such as shown in  FIGS. 7A-C , the user is not required to lift and then “re-touch” the touch screen. Rather, according to some embodiments, the user interface automatically switches “modes” when the caret has caught up with the user&#39;s finger position. In particular, from the starting point of either  FIG. 9C  or  FIG. 9G , the user&#39;s finger  602  is in the position shown when the caret  680  “catches up” to the user&#39;s finger  602 . At this point, if the user simply drags finger  602  (without “re-touching”) with clockwise or counter clockwise along tick mark circle  670 , the user interface seamlessly enters the “touch and drag” mode shown in  FIGS. 7A-C . In another example, the user interface automatically switches from a fine-tuning mode (e.g. the “touch and drag” gesture shown in  FIGS. 7A-C ) to a large scale adjustment mode (e.g. the “come to my finger” mode shown in  FIGS. 9A-C  and  9 E-G). In this example, the user is dragging finger  602  along the tick-mark circle  670  in either a clockwise or counter clockwise direction (such as shown in  FIGS. 7A-C ) and the caret  680  is following the position of the finger  602 . Then, at some point, the user accelerates the motion of finger  602  beyond a maximum predetermined rate of adjustment (e.g. 3-6 degrees F. per second). According to some embodiments, the user interface automatically switches to a “come to my finger” mode without requiring a “re-touch” by the finger  602 . When the user accelerates beyond the threshold rate, the caret begins to “lag” behind the user&#39;s finger and the user interface operates in a “come to my finger” mode such as shown in  FIGS. 9A-C  and  9 E-G. Note that the user is not required to lift and re-touch finger  602  to switch modes, rather the switch occurs automatically. In this way the transition between two adjustment modes is made automatically and in an intuitive and natural way so as to further enhance the user experience. 
         [0079]      FIGS. 14A-B  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some other embodiments. In this case, the user performs a touch and drag gesture on display area  636  with two fingers  1402  and  1404  simultaneously in a twisting motion as indicated by arrows  1410  and  1412  as shown in  FIG. 14A .  FIG. 14B  shows the resulting display which is displayed in real-time to the user. Note that the central numeral  674  and the setpoint caret symbol  680  are changed to give the user immediate feedback responsive to the two-finger twisting gesture. This type of gesture can be referred to as a “physical” emulation mode since the gesture used by the user mimics a gesture that would be used to rotate a physical dial. Note that as in the previously described embodiments an audible ticking or clicking sound can also be played to the user to further enhance the feedback and perceived responsiveness of the user interface. 
         [0080]      FIGS. 15A-C  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some other embodiments. The user performs a touch and drag gesture along tick-mark circle  670  with finger  602  in a similar manner as shown in  FIGS. 7A-C . However, in this case the user&#39;s finger  602  is not directly on the setpoint caret symbol  680  but rather is on some other location of the tick-mark circle  670 . Similarly to the gesture-adjustment mode shown in  FIG. 14A-B , the mode shown in  FIGS. 15A-C  can be referred as a physical emulation mode since the gesture mimics one that would be used to rotate a physical dial. As shown in  FIG. 15B , in response to the user&#39;s touch and drag gesture in the direction shown by arrow  1512 , the setpoint temperature is in real-time adjusted as shown by the setpoint caret symbol  680  and central numerals  674 . Similarly, in  FIG. 15C , in response to the user&#39;s touch and drag gesture in the direction shown by arrow  1518 , the setpoint temperature is in real-time adjusted as shown by the setpoint caret symbol  680  and central numerals  674 . Note that as in the previously described embodiments an audible ticking or clicking sound can also be played to the user to further enhance the feedback and perceived responsiveness of the user interface. 
         [0081]      FIGS. 16A-C  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat, according to some other embodiments. In this case, in response to the user&#39;s touch and drag gesture in a vertical direction (as shown by arrow  1610 ) by the user&#39;s finger  602 , a partially transparent vertical adjustment bar  1620  is displayed overlaying the display area  636 . Since the user&#39;s finger and the adjustment bar  1620  partially obstructs the user&#39;s view of the central numerals  674 , a small numerical side disk  1624  is displayed so that the user can easily view the temperature currently associated with the user&#39;s finger position. In  FIG. 16B , in response to the user&#39;s touch and drag gesture in a downwards direction shown by arrow  1612 , the setpoint temperature is decreased as shown by the position of the setpoint caret symbol  680 , central numerals  674  and small disk  1624 . Similarly, in  FIG. 16C , in response to the user&#39;s touch and drag gesture in an upwards direction shown by arrow  1614 , the setpoint temperature is increased as shown by the position of the setpoint caret symbol  680 , central numerals  674  and small disk  1624 . Note that according to some embodiments a small disk numerically displaying the temperature currently associated with the user&#39;s gesture can also be provided with any of the other adjustment modes described herein. According to some embodiments, a horizontal adjustment bar can be displayed in response to a horizontal touch and drag gesture as well, or instead of the vertical adjustment bar. Note that as in the previously described embodiments an audible ticking or clicking sound can also be played to the user to further enhance the feedback and perceived responsiveness of the user interface. 
         [0082]      FIGS. 17A-C  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface on a touch-screen device for remotely controlling a network connected programmable thermostat operating in a range-mode, according to some other embodiments. As used herein the term “range mode” refers to a mode that automatically switches between heating and cooling to maintain an enclosure within a preferred temperature range. A range modes may be useful, for example, in climates that benefit from heating and cooling in the same day. In a range mode of operation there are two simultaneous temperature setpoints—a lower heating setpoint and a higher cooling setpoint. In  FIGS. 17A-C  the heating setpoint is displayed the user as numerals  1702  and heating setpoint caret symbol  1722  while the cooling setpoint is displayed using numerals  1704  and cooling setpoint caret symbol  1724 . The user can adjust either setpoint using a simple touch and drag gestures that is analogous to that shown in  FIGS. 7A-C . For example in  FIGS. 17A and 17B  the user touches the cooling setpoint caret symbol  1724  and drags it to the right as shown by arrow  1710 . In response, the user interface in real-time displays the movement of of the caret  1724  as well as the corresponding numerals  1704 . According to some embodiments, a minimum difference between the heating and cooling setpoints is enforced, so as to avoid overly energy wasteful conditions as well as the undesirable case of calling for both heating and cooling simultaneously. In the case shown in  FIGS. 17A-C , a minimum difference of 5 degrees F. is enforced. Therefore, as shown in  FIG. 17C , when the user attempts to move a setpoint towards the other that would caused less than the minimum difference, the other setpoint is also moved such that the minimum difference is enforce. In this case the user is moving the cooling setpoint downwards which causes the heating setpoint to also be lowered so as to maintain a minimum difference of 5 degrees F. According to some embodiments, the other adjustment methods described herein can also be used for adjusting a thermostat operating in range mode. For example, the “come to my finger” adjustment mode shown in  FIGS. 9A-C  and  9 E-F can be implemented to make large scale changes to the set point caret closest to the location of the “touch and hold” gesture. In another example, the tap gestures of  FIGS. 11A-F  can be implemented for range mode by dividing the central display area into quadrants rather than halves. 
         [0083]    According to some embodiments, the techniques described herein are applied to non-circular thermostat displays. In particular, it has been found to be useful to display on the remote touch-screen device a graphical representation of the thermostat and/or the thermostat display in a fashion that mimics or closely resembles the thermostat and/or thermostat display.  FIG. 18A  illustrates a perspective view a user-friendly, non-circular thermostat  1800  according to some embodiments, comprising a frame  1802  and display/control strip  1804 . The display/control strip  1804 , which can comprise an LED screen behind an outwardly protruding glass touchscreen cover, is relatively long and relatively narrow, analogous to a stick of gum. According to some embodiments, the display/control strip  1804  is configured to be (i) sensitive to upward and downward finger swipes by the user to provide analog user inputs similar in purpose and effect to that of clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of the rotatable ring  512  of the thermostat  102  of  FIG. 5A , supra, and (ii) inwardly pressable at one or more locations therealong, so as to provide an inward click input capability analogous to that provided with the rotatable ring  512  of the thermostat  102  of  FIG. 5A , supra. Various other aspects of the visual display/control strip  1804  can be similar to those described above for the thermostat  102 , such as the entire display background turning blue for cooling cycles and turning orange for heating cycles. Displayed on the display/control strip  1804  is the current setpoint temperature readout  1806 .  FIGS. 18B-18C  illustrate aspects of a graphical user interface a touch-screen device for remotely controlling non-circular thermostat, according to some embodiments. Smart phone  600  with display  610  is shown displaying a rectangular display area  1810  that mimics the display strip  1804  on thermostat  1800  of  FIG. 18A  in that it uses the same aspect ratio, colors, fonts, etc. as the display strip  1804 . According to some embodiments, one or more of the adjustment techniques that are described herein with respect to a round thermostat can be applied to the case of the non-round thermostat. For example,  FIGS. 18B and 18C  show a touch and drag gesture by the user&#39;s finger  602  on the numerals  1820  that indicate the current setpoint temperature. Examples of other of the adjustment techniques described herein applied to non-round thermostats include: “come to my finger” adjustment modes such as shown in  FIGS. 9A-C  and  9 E-F; tap gestures such as shown in  FIGS. 11A-F  and/or  13 A-D; touch and hold gestures such as shown in  FIGS. 12A-F ; as well as “physical emulation” modes such as the touch and drag gesture shown in  FIGS. 15A-C . 
         [0084]    While many of the embodiments that have been described thus far have been for a user interface on a remote touch-screen device for controlling a single programmable network connected thermostat, other variations of the described user interface techniques can be implemented, according to some embodiments. For example, according to some embodiments, the user interface described herein is used to control more than one physical thermostat simultaneously. According to another example, the user interface techniques described herein are used to control a “virtual” thermostat that does not physically exist but rather via network connection the HVAC system is controlled either locally or via a cloud server. 
         [0085]    While many of the embodiments that have been described thus far have been shown in the context of a smart phone touch-screen device, it will be appreciated that the adjustment techniques are also applicable to other types of touch-screen devices such as game consoles, all-in-one computers, personal data assistants (PDAs) and tablet computers.  FIG. 19  shows aspects of a thermostat graphical user interface implemented on a tablet computer with a touch screen device, according to some embodiments. Each of the features described herein with respect to a smart phone touch screen device, can also be implemented on other touch screen devices such as a tablet computer. In the example shown, an iPad  1900  is running the Apple iOS operating system, although according to other embodiments the tablet  1900  could be a different device running a different operating system such as the Android, Blackberry or Windows operating systems. Tablet  1900  has a touch sensitive display  1910  on which various types of information can be shown and from which various types of user input can be received. The display area shows a top information bar  1920  that is generated by and is standard to the operating system of the tablet  1900 . A main window area  1930  shows a house symbol  1932  with the name assigned in which thermostat is installed. For further details of user interfaces for remote devices such as tablet  1900 , see the commonly-assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/317,423 (Ref. No. NES0159-US), which is incorporated herein by reference. In the example shown in  FIG. 19  the user is making a touch and drag gesture using finger  602  on the display area  1936  which is analogous to the adjustment mode described in  FIGS. 7A-C . 
         [0086]    Although the concepts relating to user interfaces for touch screens have been thus far described with respect to a thermostat, according to some embodiments these concepts are applicable beyond the immediate environment of HVAC to the smart home as a whole, as well as to network-based ecosystems within which the invention may be applicable. Other applications in a smart home setting, such as shown in  FIG. 1 , that would benefit from remote control of a ring-based controller are contemplated. In particular, the techniques described herein are especially applicable to those systems that benefit from balancing user-responsiveness with impact on network traffic and protection of controlled equipment. Examples include electrical and/or electrical-mechanical remote controls where sudden large changes are highly undesirable and/or wasteful. 
         [0087]    Various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is to be further appreciated that the term thermostat, as used hereinabove and hereinbelow, can include thermostats having direct control wires to an HVAC system, and can further include thermostats that do not connect directly with the HVAC system, but that sense an ambient temperature at one location in an enclosure and cooperatively communicate by wired or wireless data connections with a separate thermostat unit located elsewhere in the enclosure, wherein the separate thermostat unit does have direct control wires to the HVAC system. Accordingly, the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but instead is defined by the appended claims in light of their full scope of equivalents.