Abstract:
A card reader for a point-of-sale system that is configured to accept both magnetic strip-type and integrated circuit (IC) chip-type payment cards. The card reader is a component of a point-of-sale system including a portable computing device in communication with the card reader that is configured to present a first graphical user interface (GUI) when a magnetic stripe-type card is detected and a second GUI when an IC chip-type card is detected in the card reader. The card reader comprises a slot configured to receive the payment card, a magnetic reading device and an IC chip reading device. The card reader also includes a discriminator contact disposed within the slot that is configured to conduct across a surface of a metal pad of the IC chip-type card prior to the CI chip reading device making contact with the IC chip.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
     Consumers can interact with merchants to conduct various financial payment transactions. For example, a consumer can conduct a transaction with a merchant at a point-of-sale system using cash, a transaction card, or other transaction instrument. Conventional systems can include expensive and bulky financial transaction electronics, as may include a card reader for payment cards (e.g., debit or credit cards), a cash drawer, monitors, keyboards, and various other electronic devices. Some point-of-sale systems require multiple types of card readers and/or complex and bulky card-reading equipment in order to accept multiple types of payment cards. Some systems include a card reader that is inserted into a port, such as the audio jack, of a mobile device to read data off a payment card and provide the information to the mobile device. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In order to describe the manner in which features of the disclosure can be obtained, a more particular description of the principles will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and are not therefore to be considered to be limiting of its scope, the principles herein are described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which: 
         FIG. 1A  illustrates a side perspective view of an example of an external structural diagram of a card reader, in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 1B  illustrates an example block diagram of a tone-based wake up circuit for a portable card reader in accordance with an embodiment; 
         FIG. 2  illustrates an example circuit diagram of a tone-based wake up circuit in accordance with an embodiment; 
         FIG. 3  illustrates an example schematic diagram of a tone-based wake up circuit in accordance with an embodiment; 
         FIG. 4  illustrates an example process for waking up a card reader using a wake up circuit in accordance with various embodiments; 
         FIG. 5  illustrates an example environment for conducting a financial payment transaction using a card reader in accordance with an embodiment; and 
         FIG. 6  illustrates an example environment for implementing a merchant payment system using a card reader in accordance with an embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Systems and methods in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure overcome one or more of the above-referenced and other deficiencies in conventional approaches to conducting financial transactions. In particular, in accordance with various embodiments, approaches provide for a card reader that is used in performing a payment transaction at a point-of-sale system. 
     The card reader includes an audio jack configured to be inserted into an audio jack of a mobile device, a slot for receiving a payment card, a media reading device for reading information off the payment card and a wake up circuit. 
     The wake up circuit includes a conditioning circuit, a comparator and an envelope detector. The conditioning circuit comprises a capacitor coupled to an audio input of the audio jack of the mobile device, and two evenly valued resistors coupled to a microphone bias signal, whereby the capacitor is configured to block any DC component on the audio input and whereby the two evenly valued resistors are configured to bias the microphone bias signal to a biased input voltage. The comparator has a positive terminal and a negative terminal, the positive terminal of the comparator being coupled to the audio input, and the negative terminal being coupled to the biased input voltage, whereby the comparator is configured to output a signal whenever the voltage on the positive terminal is greater than the voltage on the negative terminal. The envelope detector is connected to the output of the comparator, the output of the comparator being a square wave, the envelope detector configured to convert the square wave to a DC voltage signal and provide the DC voltage signal to a voltage regulator connected to the output of the envelope detector. 
     In some implementations, the card reader is able to detect a rising edge of the microphone bias voltage associated with plugging in the card reader to a mobile device and will turn on accordingly. However, the card reader typically has software that instructs the microcontroller of the card reader to shut the card reader off at appropriate times (for example, after a certain amount of time of non-use). Thus, a problem arises in situations where a card reader is left plugged into a mobile device after it is powered down by the microcontroller as the microphone bias will not change. It is thus desirable to have a means which turn the card reader back on when it is ready to be used again. One possible approach to achieving this goal is to monitor the read head to turn the card reader on in response to a card swipe. However, this monitoring circuitry drains the internal battery of the card reader. With this in mind, embodiments of the present invention propose a solution to turning on the card reader without consuming the battery power of the card reader and without the need to disconnect and reconnect the card reader (i.e. the microphone bias remains present and unchanged). This solution comes in the form of a tone or audio signal, for example provided by the mobile device to which the card reader is connected, which wakes up the card reader using the wake up circuit. Advantageously, such a card reader provides its own ability to turn on and turn off as desired without consuming the internal battery. 
     Although the system of the present invention is designed so that a user does not necessarily hear the wake up tone, certain situations exist where the tone may be played back to a user, e.g., a user plugs in headphones instead of the card reader, or the user uses headphones in conjunction with the card reader via a Y-splitter inserted into an audio jack of a mobile device. With this in mind, it is desired to provide a tone that is both audibly pleasing to the user and capable of triggering the wake up circuit to wake up the card reader. One example of such a tone is a chime which begins at a lower frequency and ramps or steps up to a higher frequency. By varying the frequency, the probability that a mobile device is capable of transmitting at least a portion of the tone to wake up the card reader is greatly increased. 
     Other advantages, variations, and functions are described and suggested below as may be provided in accordance with the various embodiments.  FIG. 1A  illustrates a side perspective view of an example of an external structural diagram of a card reader, in accordance with various embodiments. In the example of  FIG. 1A , card reader  10  is shown to comprise at least a housing  12  having a first slot  14  for receiving magnetic stripe cards and a second slot  16  for receiving EMV or chip-type cards. The first slot includes a read head  15  embedded on a wall of slot  14 . The second slot includes a contact  17  to make electrical contact with a chip of an EMV card to perform payment of EMV cards. The card reader  10  includes a signal plug  18  extending out from the housing  12 , a wake up circuit  22 , as described in greater detail herein, and can also include a battery  24  to provide power to the card reader and/or to provide power to the internal components of the card reader. 
       FIG. 1B  illustrates an example block diagram of a tone-based wake up circuit for a portable card reader in accordance with an embodiment. A conditioning circuit  104  is configured to receive both an audio input  100  and a microphone bias  102  from an audio output jack of a computing device running point of sale software. The audio input  100  is comprised of a tone-based audio signal, such as an audible chime or song, used to wake up the card reader and may contain both an AC and a DC component. Prior to being input into comparator  106 , the DC component of audio signal  100  is removed through the use of at least one DC blocking capacitor in conditioning circuit  104 . Conditioning circuit  104  also includes two resistors coupled to an input voltage (Vcc) provided by microphone bias  102 , the two resistors configured to bias Vcc to a biased input voltage. In an embodiment, the two resistors are two evenly valued resistors so that the biased input voltage is a value substantially in the middle of a range from Vcc to ground. 
     After conditioning via conditioning circuit  104 , the audio input and the biased input voltage are received by the positive and negative input terminals of comparator  106 , respectively. From here, comparator  106  is configured to compare the two signals and output a logical high value whenever the voltage on the positive input terminal is greater than the voltage on the negative input terminal. Due to the AC audio input at the positive input terminal of comparator  106 , the output of comparator  106  is typically a square wave signal. Given that this square wave output signal oscillates at the same frequency as audio input  100 , it is necessary to ensure the output of comparator  106  is asserted long enough for the wake up circuit to react regardless of the frequency of audio input  100 . For example, if a single high-pitched wake up tone with a frequency of 20 kHz were received by the wake up circuit from audio input  100 , the resultant square wave output signal of comparator  106  would have an “on time”, or a period of time where the output value is logical high, of 25 μs per period. Depending on the components used in the card reader, this may not be enough time for the wake up circuit to recognize the wake up tone and turn the card reader on. With this in mind, envelope detector  108  is configured to monitor the output of comparator  106  and convert the square wave output signal into a substantially DC voltage signal. The DC voltage signal output from envelope detector  108  is directly coupled to a voltage regulator enable pin  110  that allows a voltage regulator to provide power to the portable card reader in response to a wake up tone. 
     Reference is now made to  FIG. 2  illustrating an example circuit diagram of a tone-based wake up circuit in accordance with an embodiment. The circuit begins with the receipt of two input signals, namely audio input  200  and microphone bias  202 , from an audio output jack of a computing device running point of sale software. Prior to comparison by comparator  212 , these input signals are modified by conditioning circuit  204  which, in certain embodiments, may contain DC blocking capacitor  206 , biasing resistors  208 A and  208 B, and coupling resistor  210 . As previously discussed, audio input  200  contains a tone-based audio signal used to stimulate the wake up circuit to power the card reader and may be comprised of both an AC and a DC component. As audio input  200  passes through conditioning circuit  204 , DC blocking capacitor  206  removes any DC component from audio input  200  resulting in an AC coupled audio input signal. This allows the DC voltage level of the audio input signal to be properly re-established to a level within the range of comparator  212  as discussed below in relation to coupling resistor  210 . 
     Conditioning circuit  204  also creates a biased input voltage at the negative input terminal of comparator  212  by biasing the input voltage (Vcc) provided by microphone bias  202  using biasing resistors  208 A and  208 B. In an embodiment, biasing resistors  208 A and  208 B are of the same value so that the DC voltage level of the biased input voltage is substantially in the middle of a range from Vcc to ground. Conditioning circuit  204  also includes a coupling resistor  210  having a large value, which weakly couples the AC audio input signal to the biased input voltage created by biasing resistors  208 A and  208 B. In doing so, coupling resistor  210  sets a DC voltage level on the audio input signal at the positive input terminal of comparator  212  that is substantially the same value as the DC voltage level of the biased input voltage at the negative input terminal of comparator  212 . This ensures that the audio input signal at the positive input terminal of comparator  212  stays within a range from Vcc to ground. 
     Once the two signals have been conditioned, comparator  212  compares the audio input signal on the positive input terminal with the biased input voltage on the negative input terminal. If comparator  212  determines that the value of the audio input signal is greater than the value of the biased input voltage, comparator  212  is configured to output a logical high value. As discussed in reference to  FIG. 1B , the AC component of the audio input signal causes comparator  212  to produce a square wave signal at its output. To ensure the wake up circuit has ample time to react in response to a potentially high frequency wake up tone, envelope detector  214  is used to convert the square wave output signal of comparator  212  to a substantially DC signal. When a logical high value is received at the input of envelope detector  214 , diode  216  begins to conduct allowing capacitor  218  to store charge. When the input of envelope detector  214  transitions to a logical low value, diode  216  stops conducting but the logical high value remains at the output of the envelope detector due to the stored charge on capacitor  218 . Capacitor  218  slowly discharges through resistor  220  until a subsequent pulse in the square wave signal of comparator  212  recharges capacitor  218  by forcing diode  216  to conduct once again. In this manner, envelope detector  214  is able to provide a logical high DC signal to voltage regulator enable pin  222  throughout the entire duration of the wake up tone. This provides ample time for the wake up circuit of the present invention to power on the card reader from a low power sleep state and relinquishes power control to a controller of the card reader. From here, the controller of the card reader can execute software instructions to keep the card reader on, or issue a shutdown command to return the card reader to a low power sleep state. Once the wake up tone has ended, the square wave signal output by comparator  212  will cease, allowing capacitor  218  to fully discharge to a logical low value through resistor  220 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 3 , an example schematic diagram of a tone-based wake up circuit is shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The wake up circuit receives an audio input signal containing a wake up tone from an audio output jack of a computing device running point of sale software. The audio input signal is typically a stereo signal which contains both a left audio channel  300 A and a right audio channel  300 B. However, in certain embodiments, a single channel mono audio input signal may be used. The present embodiment only monitors the left audio channel  300 A for a wake up tone, although other embodiments may monitor only the right audio channel  300 B or both audio channels. The left audio channel  300 A is received by conditioning circuit  304  which contains DC blocking capacitor  306 , biasing resistors  308 A and  308 B, and coupling resistor  310 . Conditioning circuit  304  also receives an input voltage from microphone bias  302 . 
     Biasing resistors  308 A and  308 B can be two evenly valued resistors, for example, of approximately 499 k ohms that bias the input voltage received by microphone bias  302  to create a biased input voltage at the negative input terminal of comparator  312 . DC blocking capacitor  306 , which may be approximately 1000 pF, serves to remove any DC component from the audio input signal of left audio channel  300 A. Equivalent capacitor  340 , which is the same value as DC blocking capacitor  306 , is coupled to right audio channel  300 B to provide load symmetry between both audio channels. A coupling resistor  310  with a value of approximately 499 k ohms weakly couples the biased input voltage created by biasing resistors  308 A and  308 B to the conditioned left audio channel  300 A. In doing so, coupling resistor  310  re-establishes the DC voltage level of the conditioned left audio channel  300 A to a value that is substantially the same as the DC voltage level of the biased input voltage. This ensures that the conditioned audio input signal at the positive input terminal of comparator  312  remains within the comparator&#39;s acceptable voltage range. 
     Comparator  312  is a rail-to-rail input comparator capable of operation on low supply voltages. In an embodiment, one rail of comparator  312  is coupled to the input voltage (Vcc) received from microphone bias  302 , and the other rail is coupled to a low impedance ground. Comparator  312  is configured to compare the voltage of the audio input signal on the positive input terminal with the biased input voltage on the negative input terminal. If comparator  312  determines that the voltage present on the positive input terminal is greater than the voltage on the negative input terminal, comparator  312  is configured to output a logical high value that is substantially the same value as the input voltage received from microphone bias  302 . In doing so, comparator  312  effectively amplifies the low voltage audio input signal to a DC voltage substantially the same as microphone bias  302 . 
     When a tone-based wake up signal is received by the wake up circuit, comparator  312  typically produces a square wave at its output due to the AC component of the audio input signal. Envelope detector  314  serves to convert this square wave signal into a substantially DC signal that is asserted long enough for the wake up circuit to power on the card reader in response to a wake up tone. To do so, envelope detector  314  employs both a diode  316  and a capacitor  318 , wherein the anode of capacitor  318  is directly coupled to a voltage regulator enable pin  324  of a voltage regulator  322 . In an embodiment diode  316  can be a Schottky diode with a low voltage drop to minimize the energy lost from the comparator&#39;s output signal. Diode  316  must also be capable of fast switching speeds to keep up with potential high frequency wake up tones. Upon receipt of a logical high value from the output of comparator  312 , diode  316  begins to conduct. While diode  316  is in a conduction state, capacitor  318 , which may be approximately 1000 pF, stores charge. When the square wave output from comparator  312  transitions to a logical low state such as ground, diode  316  stops conducting and capacitor  318  begins discharging its stored charged through resistor  320 . However, resistor  320  is chosen to be a large value, such as 499 k ohms, so that capacitor  318  does not discharge too quickly between subsequent pulses of the square wave output. In this manner, the voltage level of capacitor  318  does not drop below the voltage level required to enable voltage regulator  322  via voltage regulator enable pin  324  throughout the entire duration of the wake up tone. 
     Once a wake up tone has triggered the wake up circuit to enable voltage regulator  322 , a portable card reader and its associated controller (not shown) can be powered on from a low power sleep mode via main voltage  326 . In doing so, the wake up signal on voltage regulator enable pin  324  signals the controller to wake up via main voltage  326  provided by voltage regulator  322 . In other embodiments, the wake up signal of voltage regulator enable pin  324  may be directly coupled to both voltage regulator enable pin  324  and the controller of the card reader. From here, the controller of the card reader can latch voltage regulator  322  on by outputting a logical high value on input  328 . This allows the controller of the card reader to keep voltage regulator  322  on without the presence of a wake up tone. The controller can also assert a logical low value on input  328  to shutdown voltage regulator  322  and return the card reader to a low power sleep mode. To prevent comparator  312  from causing power supply noise, the controller is also configured to set input  330  to a logical low value (i.e. ground). Additionally, the controller sets input  342  to ground so that an equivalent load is seen by both audio input channels. 
     In order to provide regulated voltage to the card reader via main voltage  326 , voltage regulator  322  sources power from either a battery  332  or a USB charger  334  of the card reader. In scenarios where USB charger  334  is connected, a switch, such as P-channel MOSFET  336  of the present embodiment, can be used to disconnect battery  332 . Doing so saves power on battery  332  for situations when USB charger  334  is not connected. 
     As previously discussed, the tone-based wake up circuit of the present invention is configured to power on a portable card reader in response to a wake up tone by enabling voltage regulator  322  via voltage regulator enable pin  324 . However, in certain embodiments, other events aside from a wake up tone can trigger the wake up circuit to power on the card reader. For example, when a user inserts the portable card reader into an audio output port of a computing device running point of sale software, it is desirable to have the card reader powered on for immediate use. As such, the present embodiment includes diode  336  directly coupled to microphone bias  302  and a passive differentiator circuit formed by DC blocking capacitor  344  and resistor  320 . When the card reader is plugged in, the voltage of microphone bias  302  allows diode  336  to turn on. The rising edge of microphone bias  302  associated with inserting the card reader causes the passive differentiator circuit to output a logical high value at voltage regulator enable pin  324 . From here, the controller of the card reader can latch voltage regulator  322  on by outputting a logical high value on input  328  before DC blocking capacitor  344  discharges. Since microphone bias  302  is a substantially constant DC voltage, the output of the passive differentiator circuit which differentiates the signal from microphone bias  302  discharges to a logical low value after insertion of the card reader. This prevents the microphone bias signal coming through diode  336  from always asserting a logical high value at voltage regulator enable pin  324 , but still allows the wake up circuit to power on the card reader when the card reader is plugged in. Additionally, this configuration allows the controller of the card reader to transition the card reader from an awake mode to a sleep mode while the microphone bias signal is still present by outputting a logical low value on input  328 . In scenarios where USB charger  334  is connected, the power saving features inherent to the tone-based wake up circuit may no longer be necessary, and the card reader can remain in a powered on state. With this in mind, the voltage received from USB charger  334  is biased using resistors  338 A and  338 B to provide a DC signal to voltage regulator enable pin  324 . 
       FIG. 4  illustrates an example process for waking up a card reader using a wake up circuit accordance with various embodiments. The example process being at  410  by receiving, at an audio plug of the card reader, an audio input signal and a microphone bias signal from the audio output jack of the mobile device. At  412 , the input signals are modified using the conditioning circuit to produce a modified audio input signal and a modified microphone bias signal. At  414 , the modified audio input signal and the modified microphone bias signal are compared using a comparator to output a third signal. The comparator has a positive terminal and a negative terminal, the positive terminal of the comparator is coupled to the audio input signal and the negative terminal is coupled to the modified microphone bias. At  416  the comparator is configured to output the third signal when the voltage on the positive terminal is greater than the voltage on the negative terminal. Meaning, the comparator outputs a third signal which is a square wave when the audio signal is greater than the microphone bias signal, indicating that a tone has been provided to the card reader to wake up the card reader. At  418 , an envelope detector converts the third signal output of the comparator to a fourth signal. In an embodiment, the third signal is a square wave and the fourth signal being a substantially DC voltage signal. The fourth signal that is a substantially DC voltage signal is provided to an enable pin of a voltage regulator that is connected to the output of the envelope detector. The fourth signal provided to the enable pin of the voltage regulator can be used to signal the wake up circuit to turn the card reader into an awake mode from a sleep mode. 
     Having now described various example embodiments of the point-of-sale system used in a point-of-sale transaction, some example environments for conducting a financial transaction at a point-of-sale system will now be described. Other environments and applications of the point-of-sale system should be apparent to those ordinarily skilled in the art. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates an example environment for conducting a financial transaction at a point-of-sale system in accordance with various embodiments. In this example, the example environment  500  includes a merchant payment system  502  for processing transactions between a customer and a merchant. The merchant payment system includes, for example, a data processing server  504  and a payment server  506 . The data processing server can be implemented as computer programs on one or more computers in one or more locations, in which the systems, components, and techniques described below, can be implemented. The operation of the payment server is described below in reference to  FIG. 6 . The example environment also includes computing devices, e.g., transaction registers or other point-of-sale systems, corresponding to the merchant  510  and  511 . 
     As described, the point-of-sale systems  510  and  511  can include the hub (e.g., hub  204 ) and computing device, where the computing device can be coupled to or in communication with the merchant payment system through a data communication network  508 , e.g., the Internet. These devices each generally include a memory, e.g., a random access memory (RAM), for storing instructions and data, and a processor for executing stored instructions. The devices and can each include one or more components, e.g., software or hardware, that are operable to send and receive requests, messages, or other types of information over the network. Some examples of computing devices include personal computers, cellular phones, handheld messaging devices, laptop computers, personal data assistants, tablet devices, and the like. 
     The network  508  can include any appropriate network, including an intranet, the Internet, a cellular network, a local area network, a wide area network, or any other such network, or combination thereof. Components used for such a system can depend at least in part upon the type of network, the environment selected, or both. Protocols and components for communicating over such a network are well known and will not be discussed herein in detail. The devices and the referral system can communicate over the network using wired or wireless connections, and combinations thereof. 
     Each of the computing devices is configured to send to the merchant payment system respective financial data that corresponds to a financial transaction that was processed by the computing device. The financial data can include, for example, data stored in a financial payment card, e.g., Track 1 data, receipt email addresses, and information describing a card-less payment account. Other examples of financial data that can be captured includes purchase data, e.g., an itemized listing of purchases, card mix data, geolocation data indicating a geographic location of a particular transaction, online/offline card data, data describing the merchant, e.g., merchant category codes (MCCs), and any type of data that is received upon a customer&#39;s authentication into a social network. 
       FIG. 6  illustrates an example of an environment  600  for implementing a payment service network. Although a mobile device environment is described for purposes of explanation, different environments may be used, e.g., a web-based environment, to implement various embodiments. The example environment includes a payment system  608 , which can be implemented as computer programs on one or more computers in one or more locations, in which the systems, components, and techniques described below can be implemented. The example environment also includes a user device  602  and a merchant device  605 . 
     The user device and the merchant device can each be a computer coupled to the payment system through a data communication network  650 , e.g., the Internet. The user device and the merchant device each generally include a memory, e.g., a random access memory (RAM), for storing instructions and data, and a processor for executing stored instructions. The user device and the merchant device can each include one or more components, e.g., software or hardware, that are configured to respectively determine a geographic location of the user device or the merchant device, using, for example, various geolocation techniques, e.g., a global positioning system (GPS). Further, the user device and the merchant device can each be any appropriate device operable to send and receive requests, messages, or other types of information over the network. Some examples of user devices include personal computers, cellular phones, handheld messaging devices, laptop computers, personal data assistants, tablet devices, and the like. 
     The network can include any appropriate network, including an intranet, the Internet, a cellular network, a local area network, a wide area network, or any other such network, or combination thereof. Components used for such a system can depend at least in part upon the type of network, the environment selected, or both. Protocols and components for communicating over such a network are well known and will not be discussed herein in detail. The payment system, the merchant device, and the user device can communicate over the network using wired or wireless connections, and combinations thereof. 
     As used in this specification, a financial transaction is a transaction that is conducted between a customer and a merchant at a point-of-sale. When paying for a financial transaction, the customer can provide the merchant with cash, a check, or credit card for the amount that is due. The merchant can interact with a point-of-sale device, e.g., merchant device, to process the financial transaction. During financial transactions, the point-of-sale device can collect data describing the financial transaction, including, for example, the amount of payment received from customers. 
     In some implementations, the payment system is configured to accept card-less payment transactions from customers, e.g., the customer. As used in this specification, a card-less payment transaction is a transaction conducted between the customer and a merchant at the point-of-sale during which a financial account of the customer is charged without the customer having to physically present a financial payment card to the merchant at the point-of-sale. That is, the merchant need not receive any details about the financial account, e.g., the credit card issuer or credit card number, for the transaction to be processed. 
     Before conducting card-less payment transactions, the customer typically creates a user account with the payment system. The customer can create the user account, for example, by interacting with a user application that is configured to perform card-less payment transactions and that is running on the user device. When creating a user account with the payment system, the customer will provide information of the customer, data describing a financial account of the customer, e.g., credit card number, expiration date, and a billing address. This user information can be securely stored by the payment system, for example, in a user information database. To accept card-less payment transactions, the merchant typically creates a merchant account with the payment system by providing information describing the merchant including, for example, a merchant name, contact information, e.g., telephone numbers, the merchant&#39;s geographic location address, and one or more financial accounts to which funds collected from users will be deposited. This merchant information can be securely stored by the payment system, for example, in a merchant information database. 
     The payment system is configured to perform card-less payment transactions. The payment system can include one or more servers that are configured to securely perform electronic financial transactions, e.g., electronic payment transactions, between a customer and a merchant, for example, through data communicated between the user device and the merchant device. Generally, when a customer and a merchant enter into an electronic financial transaction, the transaction is processed by transferring funds from a financial account associated with the user account to a financial account associated with the merchant account. 
     The payment system is configured to send and receive data to and from the user device and the merchant device. For example, the payment system can be configured to send data describing merchants to the user device using, for example, the information stored in the merchant information database  612 . For example, the payment system can communicate data describing merchants that are within a threshold geographic distance from a geographic location of the user device, as described in this specification. The data describing merchants can include, for example, a merchant name, geographic location, contact information, and an electronic catalogue, e.g., a menu that describes items that are available for purchase from the merchant. 
     In some embodiments, the payment system is configured to determine whether a geographic location of the user device is within a threshold geographic distance from a geographic location of the merchant device. The payment system can determine a geographic location of the user device using, for example, geolocation data provided by the user device. Similarly, the payment system can determine a geographic location of the merchant device using, for example, geolocation data provided by the merchant device or using a geographic address, e.g., street address, provided by the merchant. Depending on the implementation, the threshold geographic distance can be specified by the payment system or by the merchant. 
     Determining whether the user device is within a threshold geographic distance of the merchant device can be accomplished in different ways including, for example, determining whether the user device is within a threshold geographic radius of the merchant device, determining whether the user device is within a particular geofence, or determining whether the user device can communicate with the merchant device using a specified wireless technology, e.g., Bluetooth or Bluetooth low energy (BLE). In some embodiments, the payment system restricts card-less payment transactions between the customer and the merchant to situations where the geographic location of the user device is within a threshold geographic distance from a geographic location of the merchant device. 
     The payment system can also be configured to communicate with a computer system  616  of a card payment network, e.g., Visa or MasterCard, over the network, or over a different network, for example, to conduct electronic financial transactions. The computer system  616  of the card payment network can communicate with a computer system  618  of a card issuer, e.g., a bank. There may be computer systems of other entities, e.g., the card acquirer, between the payment system and the computer system  618  of the card issuer. 
     The customer operating the user device that is within a threshold geographic distance of the merchant can interact with a user application running on the user device to conduct a card-less payment transaction with the merchant. While interacting with the user application, the customer can select the merchant, from a listing of merchants, with whom the customer wants to enter into a card-less payment transaction. The user can select the merchant, for example, by selecting a “check in” option associated with the merchant. The user device can communicate data to the payment system indicating that the customer has checked in with the merchant. In response, the payment system can communicate data to notify the merchant device that the user has checked in. A merchant application running on the merchant device can notify the merchant that the user has electronically checked in with the merchant through a display screen of the merchant device. 
     Once checked in, the customer can collect, or request, items that are available for purchase from the merchant. When the customer is ready to enter into the card-less payment transaction, the customer can, for example, approach a point-of-sale for the merchant and identify him or herself. For example, the customer can verbally notify the merchant that the customer wants to enter into a card-less payment transaction and can provide the merchant with the customer&#39;s name. The merchant can then interact with the merchant application to select the customer, from a listing of customers that have checked in with the merchant, to initiate a card-less payment transaction for the items being purchased by the customer. For example, the merchant can determine a total amount to bill the customer for the items being purchased. The customer can verbally approve the total amount to be billed and, in response, the merchant can submit a request for a card-less payment transaction for the total amount to the payment system. In response, the payment system can obtain, for example, from the user information database, data describing a financial account associated with a user account of the customer to which the total amount will be billed. 
     The payment system can then communicate with the computer system of a card payment network to complete an electronic financial transaction for the total amount to be billed to the customer&#39;s financial account. Once the electronic financial transaction is complete, the payment system can communicate data describing the card-less payment transaction to the user device, e.g., an electronic receipt, which can, for example, notify the customer of the total amount billed to the user for the card-less payment transaction with the particular merchant. 
     For clarity of explanation, in some instances the present technology may be presented as including individual functional blocks including functional blocks comprising devices, device components, steps or routines in a method embodied in software, or combinations of hardware and software. 
     In some embodiments the computer-readable storage devices, mediums, and memories can include a cable or wireless signal containing a bit stream and the like. However, when mentioned, non-transitory computer-readable storage media expressly exclude media such as energy, carrier signals, electromagnetic waves, and signals per se. 
     Methods according to the above-described examples can be implemented using computer-executable instructions that are stored or otherwise available from computer readable media. Such instructions can comprise, for example, instructions and data which cause or otherwise configure a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or special purpose processing device to perform a certain function or group of functions. Portions of computer resources used can be accessible over a network. The computer executable instructions may be, for example, binaries, intermediate format instructions such as assembly language, firmware, or source code. Examples of computer-readable media that may be used to store instructions, information used, and/or information created during methods according to described examples include magnetic or optical disks, flash memory, USB devices provided with non-volatile memory, networked storage devices, and so on. 
     Devices implementing methods according to these disclosures can comprise hardware, firmware and/or software, and can take any of a variety of form factors. Typical examples of such form factors include laptops, smart phones, small form factor personal computers, personal digital assistants, and so on. Functionality described herein also can be embodied in peripherals or add-in cards. Such functionality can also be implemented on a circuit board among different chips or different processes executing in a single device, by way of further example. 
     The instructions, media for conveying such instructions, computing resources for executing them, and other structures for supporting such computing resources are means for providing the functions described in these disclosures. 
     Although a variety of examples and other information was used to explain aspects within the scope of the appended claims, no limitation of the claims should be implied based on particular features or arrangements in such examples, as one of ordinary skill would be able to use these examples to derive a wide variety of implementations. Further and although some subject matter may have been described in language specific to examples of structural features and/or method steps, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to these described features or acts. For example, such functionality can be distributed differently or performed in components other than those identified herein. Rather, the described features and steps are disclosed as examples of components of systems and methods within the scope of the appended claims.