Abstract:
The present invention provides a system capable of scheduling conventional tournaments. The system may also be made universal in that the system may be adapted for use in different types of tournaments such as single or double elimination tournaments for any type of tournament event. The tournament management system includes a digital computer having a processor operating under a set of instructions, memory, at least one input port, and at least one output port. Also included is a data entry device such as a keyboard for entering and converting tournament information into machine readable data signals. The data entry device is connected to the computer via a first data transfer device. Tournament information data signals are received and stored in computer memory for processing by the processor. The digital computer processes the tournament information according to a set of instructions that calls other processes to schedule matches according to a reasonable tournament schema in order to produce a match scheduling and tournament results chart. The processed tournament information is organized into a match scheduling and tournament results chart which schedules the tournament and the tournament information may then be transferred to an output device by a second and transfer device informing tournament officials, referees, teams/players, and spectators of the tournament status.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This is a continuation of patent application Ser. No. 07/619,293 filed on Nov. 28, 1990, now abandoned. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Technical Field 
     This present invention is directed to tournament scheduling and match result tracking devices and more particularly to a universal tournament management system capable of scheduling tournament matches. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     Scoring devices are well known in the sporting arts. Both analog and digital scoring devices are available for games of skill such as golf, bowling, pool, horseshoes, and the like. 
     While such devices are capable of keeping track of individual scores or games they are not capable of managing tournaments. In order to manage a tournament at least the following information is necessary: 
     tournament type information: 
     single or double elimination (with or without round scheduling); and 
     chart size; 
     team/player information: 
     team/player names; and 
     number of teams/players; 
     match time and location information: 
     number of match sites; 
     type of match sites (i.e., bowling lanes, dart boards, tennis courts, etc.); 
     tournament start time; and 
     average match length. 
     This information, collectively known as tournament information, must then be processed according to a set of reasonable tournament conventions. For example, once &#34;team/player information&#34; has been determined it is necessary to match the teams/players according to a fixed schema dependent on the number of teams/players. The next step is to determine the location and time of each match based on &#34;match time and location information.&#34; Match location and time is also determined according to a reasonable tournament convention and is dependent on the type, number of available match sites, and average match length. 
     Both &#34;team/player information&#34; and &#34;match time and location&#34; information are dependent on &#34;tournament information.&#34; For example, in a single elimination tournament matches will be scheduled differently from those in a double elimination tournament. Likewise, the number of initial matches scheduled (chart size) is seminal and all other information is scheduled around &#34;tournament type information.&#34; Thus, a tournament management system may be universal in that it is adaptable to manage all types of tournaments or restricted to a particular size or type of tournament. If the system is universal it must be capable of selectively applying different match scheduling criteria in order to allocate teams/players in a reasonable tournament convention. 
     Known to the art of managing tournaments are various devices that receive data signals from a plurality of games of skill and that are then capable of determining the high score and announcing a winner among the collective players playing individually on the games of skill connected to the device. A device of this type is disclosed by Klayh, Canadian Patent No. 1 245 361. However, this device does not schedule tournaments--it only determines the winner (based on a high score) of a single widely played video game match. 
     Countless amateur and professional tournaments are played each year. These tournaments usually involve some type of athletic event (such as tennis, racquetball, softball, baseball, golf, bowling, racing, or the like) or a game of skill (such as darts, chess, pool, horseshoes, marksmanship, or the like). Tournaments of this type require a more complex schema since they are operated under a conventional single or double elimination protocol. A system capable of managing such tournaments has not been available until now. 
     3. Objects of the Invention 
     Therefore, it is a principal object of the present invention to provide an automatic tournament management system that is capable of scheduling conventional tournament matches. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic tournament management system that may be user selected and operated for any type of conventional tournament. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic universal tournament management system that is self-contained and operable independent of any electrical communication with any other devices operated by a team/player. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic universal tournament management system that is portable. 
     Another object of the present invention ms to provide an automatic universal tournament management system that may manage a plurality of tournaments simultaneously. 
     Another object of the present invention ms to provide an automatic universal tournament management system that may be readily adapted for use in conventional arcade type games. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic universal tournament management system that is capable of producing updatable tournament chart information. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic universal tournament management system which is capable of producing tournament match cards. 
     Another object of the present invention ms to provide an automatic universal tournament management system that is durable in use and economical to manufacture and use. 
     Another object of the present invention ms to provide an automatic universal tournament management system which is efficient in operation and refined in appearance. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic universal tournament management system which is easy to install, simple to use, and trouble free. 
     Finally, another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic universal tournament management system that simplifies tournament management. These and other objects will be apparent to those skilled in the art. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides a system capable of scheduling tournament matches of conventional sports or games of skill tournaments. The system may also be made universal in that means may be provided for adapting the system for use in different types of tournaments such as single or double elimination tournaments for any event. The tournament management system includes a digital computer having a processor operating under a set of instructions, memory, at least one input port, and at least one output port. Also included is a data entry means for entering and converting tournament information into machine readable data signals. The data entry means is connected to the computer via a first data transfer means. Tournament information data signals are received and stored in computer memory for processing by the processor. 
     The digital computer processes the tournament information according to a set of instructions that calls other processes to schedule matches according to a reasonable tournament schema in order to produce processed tournament information. The processed tournament information may then be transferred to an output device by a second data transfer means. 
     So that tournament officials, referees, teams/players, and spectators can know the status of any particular team/player or the tournament as a whole various display means are also provided. For example, processed tournament information may be printed on a conventional printer in the form of a tournament chart, or displayed on a plurality of computer/digital process controlled displays located about the tournament locus in quo. 
     In this manner tournament information is available at all times to tournament officials, referees, teams/players, and spectators. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent upon reading the following detailed description and upon reference to the drawings, in which: 
     FIG. 1a is a diagrammatic view of a portable preferred embodiment of the universal tournament management system showing the primary hardware components of a portable embodiment of the device; 
     FIG. 1b is a diagrammatic view of a portable multi-tournament embodiment of the universal tournament management system capable of four tournaments at a time; 
     FIGS. 2 and 2a are diagrammatic views of a slave terminal preferred embodiment of the universal tournament management system showing the inventions adaptability, expendability, and the systems capability of communicating with standard video arcade games; 
     FIG. 2b is a diagrammatic view of a three tournament control computer-computer serial hardware connection of a preferred embodiment of the universal tournament management system 
     FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view of a preferred embodiment of the universal tournament management system showing a local area network of intelligent display monitor interfaces used to drive a plurality of monitors; 
     FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view of a preferred embodiment of the universal tournament management system showing a daisy chain arrangement of intelligent display monitor interfaces used to drive a plurality of monitors; 
     FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view of a preferred embodiment of the universal tournament management system showing a telephone line arrangement of intelligent display monitor interfaces used to drive a plurality of monitors; 
     FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of the software or instruction set of a preferred embodiment of the universal tournament management system; 
     FIG. 7 is a table of the file structure of a preferred embodiment of the universal tournament management system; 
     FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of a portion of the software or instruction set of a preferred embodiment of the universal tournament management system showing the main menu subroutines; 
     FIG. 9 is a flow diagram of a double elimination chart portion showing team/player entry according to a preferred embodiment of a tournament chart prepared by the system; 
     FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of a double elimination chart portion showing BYE entries according to a preferred embodiment of a tournament chart prepared by the system; 
     FIG. 11 is a flow diagram of a double elimination chart portion showing automatic team/player BYE advances in a preferred embodiment of a tournament chart prepared by the system; 
     FIGS. 12a and 12b are flow diagrams of double elimination charts showing round scheduling order in a preferred embodiment of a tournament chart prepared by the system; 
     FIG. 13 is an illustration of the opening menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 14 is an illustration of the game selection menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 15 is an illustration of the second menu of the game selection menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 16 is an illustration of the third menu, or file selection menu, of the game selection menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 17 is an illustration of the tournament name selection menu of the game selection portion of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 18 is an illustration of the primary menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 19 is an illustration of the pre-setup menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 20 is an illustration of the game calculator input screen of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 21 is an illustration of the print check list confirmation screen of the pre-setup menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 22 is an illustration of the edit tournament name screen of the pre-setup menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 23 is an illustration of the select elimination screen of the pre-setup menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 24 is an illustration of the select nicknames only screen of the pre-setup menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 25 is an illustration of the monitor port selection screen of the pre-setup menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 26 is an illustration of the setup menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 27 is an illustration of the players database selection submenu of the setup menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 28 is an illustration of the players database information input screen of the players database selection submenu of the setup menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 29 is an illustration of the boards setup submenu of the setup menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 30 is an illustration of the scheduling setup submenu of the setup menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 31 is an illustration of the auto options submenu of the setup menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 32 is an illustration of the link setup options submenu of the setup menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 33 is an illustration of the chart setup menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 34 is an illustration of the play menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 35 is an illustration of the game start selection screen of the play menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 36 is an illustration of the match options submenu of the play menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 37 is an illustration of the other board options submenu of the advanced play menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 38 is an illustration of the other match options submenu of the advanced play menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 39 is an illustration of the other rounds options submenu of the advanced play menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 40 is an illustration of the board options submenu of the play menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 41 is an illustration of the send to monitors submenu of the play menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 42 is an illustration of the print options submenu of the play menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 43 is an illustration of the advanced play menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 44 is an illustration of the other board options submenu of the advanced play menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 45 is an illustration of the link options submenu of the advanced play menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 46 is an illustration of the game speed options submenu of the advanced play menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 47 is an illustration of the utilities menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 48 is an illustration of the monitor utility selection screen of the utilities menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 49 is an illustration of the printer utilities submenu of the utilities menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 50 is an illustration of the program utilities submenu of the utilities menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 51 is an illustration of the system utilities submenu of the utilities menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 52 is an illustration of the file utilities submenu of the utilities menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 53 is an illustration of the quick play menu of a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system adapted to manage dart tournaments; 
     FIG. 54a and 54b is a diagrammatic illustration of the segmented portion, updatable tournament chart, showing how a tournament chart may be updated by simply posting chart portions containing new tournament information over superseded information on the chart; and 
     FIG. 55 is an illustration of a sample display listing tournament information on one of the scheduling monitors 
     While the invention will be described in connection with a preferred embodiment, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to that embodiment. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Five embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the present application in FIGS. 1 through 5. In each of these embodiments a conventional personal computer is utilized. This computer may be any readily available 8, 16, or 32 bit machine having at least one input and output port, sufficient random access memory (at least 256 kbytes), and a hard disk storage device with at least 2 Mbytes of available storage space. In a preferred embodiment either an IBM® compatible or Apple® compatible machine is favored since they are readily available. 
     In a preferred embodiment the computer 14 is also supplied with a keyboard for inputting tournament information into the computer. At least one display or monitor 18 (preferably color) is also connected to the computer 14. 
     FIG. 1 illustrates a preferred portable system 10 adapted to schedule a small tournament. The system 10 may be stored, delivered, and unpacked from a suitable storage case 12 at the tournament site. 
     The system includes an IBM® personal computer 14 such as a Model 30 having an Intel® 80286 microprocessor, a 3.5 inch 1.44 Mbyte disk drive 16, a 40 Mbyte hard disk, and approximately 1.0 Mbytes of random access memory. 
     Also included is a VGA compatible monitor 18 and driver, and a conventional keyboard 20. So that tournament information may be displayed about the tournament location a plurality of tournament schedule monitors 22 may be provided. These monitors 22 may be monochrome in order to save cost. For optimum results the monitors are preferably spread out around the tournament location. The monitors are connected to the computer 14 via a display monitor interface 24. 
     In order to apprise tournament officials, referees, teams/players, and spectators of the tournament status a plurality of updatable tournament wall charts 26 may be provided. These wall charts 26 may be printed in segmented portions 28 by a chart printer 30 connected via the first output port of the computer 14 (FIG. 55a and 55b). 
     So that teams/players may know the location and time of their next match a match card printer 32 is also provided. The card printer 32 is connected to the second output port of the computer 14 for printing match cards 34. These cards 34 are provided to each team/player before each match. The cards give the location of the next match, the name of the match opponent, the place played for, and a notation blank for the winner. After each match the winning team/player is noted on the card 34 and the card 34 is returned to the system operator for input into the computer 14 via the keyboard 20. 
     FIG. 2 illustrates a more extensive embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system 10. A plurality of slave terminals 36 may be connected to the computer 14. These terminals 36 may be used to key in match results at remote match locations. Additionally, a plurality of electronic video games (such as electronic dart boards) may communicate scores to the host computer. Likewise, the host computer may cause tournament information to be displayed on the video game monitor. Also included are a plurality of tournament chart printers 30, match card printers 32, display monitor interfaces 24, and schedule monitors 22 interconnected to the computer 14 in a network arrangement. The schedule monitors 22 display tournament schedule information (FIGS. 54a and 54b). 
     FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment having a plurality of schedule monitors 22 interconnected to a computer 14 via a network of intelligent display monitor interfaces 24. In this way additional monitors 22 may be provided about the tournament location. 
     FIG. 4 illustrates a daisy chain connection arrangement wherein a plurality of intelligent display monitor interfaces 24 may be connected in series. This provides an alternative method of connecting additional scheduling monitors 22 to the computer 14. 
     FIG. 5 illustrates a modem intelligent display monitor interface 24 arrangement for use in connecting a plurality of scheduling monitors 22 to the system 10. Such an arrangement may be necessary where the cost or ability to cable is prohibitive because of distances. Electronic games may also be connected via modem. 
     Each of the system configurations illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 5 utilize an instruction set (software) 36. This software may be loaded from a diskette from the computer 14 disk drive 16 on to the computer hard disk. Once loaded on the hard disk drive the microprocessor and instruction set allow for the processing of various tournament information according to reasonable tournament conventions. Those skilled in the art will also realize that the instruction set may be stored and then loaded from firmware. 
     FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of the instruction set used in a preferred embodiment of the automatic universal tournament management system 10. FIG. 7 is a table illustrating the file structure of the files created by the system and its instruction set. A number of processes manipulate the files created by the system 10. For example, the main process or menu process provides means for readily interfacing all sub-processes necessary for tournament management. These sub-processes are as follows: 
     
         ______________________________________File Process       Provides the means to setup a tournament       file in a way in which other processes       can share, pass, or enter tournament       information.Communication       Provides the means to setup theProcess     tournament interfaces so that       communication/interaction may take place.Game Process       Provides the means to setup the way the       tournament will be managed (i.e., at a       minimum: start time, match length, type       and number of sites, and chart type).Database Process       Provides the means for database entry and       manipulation of the teams/players into       the tournament.Chart Process       Provides the means for extraction/calc-       ulation of teams/players positioning in       the tournamentScheduling Process       Provides the means for extraction/calc-       ulation of teams/players match times in       the tournament.Site Process       Provides the means for extraction/calc-       ulation of teams/players&#39; match sites in       the tournament.Display Process       Provides the means for file extraction       /manipulation of team/player information       to be used in a way in which tournament       participants may utilize.______________________________________ 
    
     FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of instruction set logic 36 used in scheduling teams/players in matches. 
     Referring to the flow diagram of FIG. 8 it may be seen that the instruction set 36 undertakes the following operations. Program checks are first made to determine if teams/players are already on the chart, or whether the game has already been started, prior to allowing a new team/player to be entered on the chart. 
     When the option to enter teams/players on the chart is initiated, that operation is first checked against the number of teams/players in order to see if the number of players is ≧17. 
     Counters and pointers are initialized for the team/player file (database), the match on the chart, and for the position in the match. The team/players are placed on the chart dependent on whether their number equals the player counter on the match that equals the match counter, in the match position that equals the match position counter. BYES can only occur in match position two. If position two is a BYE, then the team/player is advanced to match position one of the next round. For the pre-determined chart size there is a position on the chart for every team/player, and the determined number of BYES always equals the chart size minus the number of teams/players. 
     If the number of teams/players does not equal the chart size, BYES are added to the chart. The number of BYES are determined by the chart size and number of teams/players. The table below shows the relationship between teams/players, chart size, and BYES. The chart size and number of BYES are calculated each time a team player is entered into the database. 
     
         ______________________________________Number of                 Number ofTeams/Players   Chart Size                     BYES______________________________________ 0-16           not defined                     not defined17-32            32        32 - T/P33-64            64        64 - T/P 65-128         128       128 - T/P129-256         256       256 - T/P257-512         512       512 - T/P 513-1024       1024      1024 - T/P1025-2048       2048      2048 - T/P______________________________________ 
    
     A chart size of 32 with only 27 teams/players would have 5 BYES and the BYES would be distributed evenly throughout the chart. FIG. 10 illustrates the distribution of BYES on a 32 team/player chart with the minimum number of 17 teams/players. BYE placement for larger charts utilizes the same placement strategy by dividing the chart by two, placing BYES at the ends of the halves, dividing the halves by two, placing BYES at the end, and so on until the chart is filled. 
     The primary purpose of the system 10 is to control and facilitate the placement, scheduling, tracking, and communication of tournament information. This should not be confused with keeping score of a particular game or set of games. 
     The system 10 allows participants to know when and where to play via computer scheduling. Using the system 10, and its instruction set 36 options and peripherals, enables a tournament operator to utilize the system 10 to display and print various chart components that simplify tournament management. 
     When the main program of the system 10 is initiated, a game must be selected. Since game processing is in real-time, a new game can be started or a game can be selected in progress. All game information is stored in a non-volatile environment so starting or joining a game in progress can occur regardless of system start-up or power ups/downs. If an abrupt unexpected power loss to the system ensues no loss of game information occurs and joining a game in progress can follow immediately after system restart. 
     Once a tournament is selected, the operator may select all system communication parameters for communication with all equipment and to determine what information will be passed to the other equipment for scheduling purposes. Since other system components are connected via intelligent interfaces information may be passed bi-directionally. 
     All tournament and system information is placed in the selected game file so that each selected tournament file controls the system under the parameters selected during the tournament setup routines. Tournament information may be changed during the tournament and stored in the selected tournament file. Any and all information that has input characteristics is automatically stored in the tournament file. This also includes new and updated tournament information. 
     The game setup menus provide options for setting up the initial tournament scheduling parameters. The main tournament chart setup information required to begin the tournament is first entered: (1) chart type, (2) start time, (3) match length, and (4) the number of dart boards available for tournament play. 
     The automatic features for game operations may be selected as desired. Options include automatic communications between peripherals, match card printing, chart printing, match length adjustments, and the enablement of various user program display messages. 
     Database functions are also provided during the team/player input steps. Thus, teams/players may be added, deleted, edited, searched, and sorted via a simple to use database menu and the instruction set&#39;s 36 various subroutines. The number of players per team is automatically selected for database entry of the players per team. An option is also available that allows a team/player nickname for entry into the database where names and addresses need not be included. As each team/player is entered into the tournament database a team number is assigned and the chart size is automatically calculated. Several file utilities can be used in order to input and combine teams/players from other tournament into another tournament database. 
     Once all teams/players are entered into the tournament file (database) they can be placed on the chart using the chart options. Teams/players are placed on the first round (center of the chart) and BYES are placed, when needed, in a predetermined alternating half-size divided by two algorithm. Teams/players with a BYE are automatically advanced on the chart and rescheduled. The round and match placement on the chart is stored in the database as are current chart parameters for each team/player. 
     Teams/players can only be put on the chart if there are at least 17 teams/players scheduled to participate in the tournament. This satisfies the minimum requirement for a 32 team/player chart (system minimum chart size in a preferred embodiment). The maximum chart size (in a preferred embodiment) allows for a 2048  team/player chart. These constraints can be modified on a program level if desired. 
     Once teams/players are on the chart, the following main chart options may be selected: 
     preview the team/player placement on the chart; 
     randomize the teams/players on the chart (all BYES remain fixed); and 
     swap or &#34;seat&#34; players on the chart. 
     The tournament can be started once teams/players have been matched on the chart (if at least one board is available). A tournament start time is selected and an initial tournament match length is specified. A specialized alpha-numeric team/player ID is assigned linking each player to the selected tournament and its file. This acts as a safety feature against possible operator errors that might occur while updating a winner or loser if more than one tournament is being played at the same time. 
     The scheduling of time and boards is then processed for each team/player. 
     If any automatic features are selected they begin only after the tournament has started. All team/player schedules are then sent to the system peripherals for display or for specific peripheral processing for display/updating. All match cards are then printed on the designated match card printer, and the first several rounds of the tournament chart are printed on the chart printer. 
     The interaction between peripherals and other peripheral processes remains throughout the tournament whenever a change in schedule is performed (either manually or automatically). All automatic features can either be disabled or enabled at any time during the tournament. 
     Three main processes occur during team/player chart placement and scheduling. The first determines team/player placement on the chart. Placement is determined according to a fixed schema depending on the number of participants and the chart type (single or double elimination). The second process determines what board a match will utilize. This is determined on a round-by-round basis dependent on the number of available boards and can be varied throughout the tournament. The third process determines what time each match will be played. This is a complex process that is dependent on the initial start time, individual round start times, and the number of available boards. 
     Through interaction with peripherals, these three system processes fully automate tournament play once team/player information is entered into the tournament file (database). 
     The position of teams/players on the chart is determined by their position in the database. A single menu option enables the prompt for the user to enter the teams/players onto the chart. For example, team/player #1 goes to round #1-match #1 (first position), team/player #2 goes to round #1-match #1 (second position). Team/player #3 goes to round #1-match #2 (first position), team/player #4 goes to round #1-match #2 (second position), and so on until all chart positions are filled (FIG. 9). 
     Once teams/players are on the chart, all teams/players with a BYE in their match are advanced to the next round. (FIGS. 10 and 11). The tournament may be started when teams/players are on the chart, a game start time is given, a game match length is given, and there is at least one board for play. These requirements must be entered in the setup options of the main program. A single menu option is selected in order to start the tournament. After the tournament has started the matches determined by team/player placement on the chart are given a board to play on and a time to play. Times and boards are scheduled in sequential order determined on a round-by-round basis dependent on the availability of boards in that round. In the case of a BYE, no match is scheduled and the team/player is advanced to the next round. If the BYE advancement places a team/player in a match with another team/player a time and board is scheduled for that match. 
     When a new round is to be scheduled boards and times are scheduled sequentially, however, the tournament operator may also manually select start times, board availability, and utilize a postpone event timer for each round. Therefore, all matches and subsequent rounds are still scheduled sequentially, but checks are made for times and boards in the sequential scheduling. 
     If there are more boards in round than there are matches, the sequential scheduling feature might schedule a single team/player for two matches at the same time. Therefore, the previous match of a newly scheduled team/player is checked, and if the time is the same as the current schedule time, the sequential scheduling time is then incremented by one match length. 
     There can be up to 260 boards (match play sites) per game (numbered 1-260). When the game is started, the first match to be scheduled gets the first board, the second match gets the second board, and so on, up to the last board or the last match, which ever comes first. If there are fewer boards than matches, then upon scheduling the last board, the next match will start over with the first board. Since only one match can be played on a board at any one time, the time scheduling process will increment the scheduling time by one match length. 
     Double elimination rounds are scheduled 1W, 2W, 1L, 2L, 3W, 3L, 4L, 4W, 5L, 6L, 5W, 7L, 8L 6W, 9L, 10L, 7W, 11L, 12L, 8W, etc. (where W=winners bracket and L=losers bracket). Round scheduling always begins with the first, or upper most match (FIGS. 12a and 12b) according to a conventional double elimination round scheduling schema. Therefore, it is an important function of the invention to determine advanced round team/player match placement on a double elimination chart and for scheduling such matches. 
     In the operation of a preferred dart tournament embodiment the following screens (FIGS. 13 through 53) appear or may be called to appear on the computer 14 monitor 18 by the system 10 operator utilizing the keyboard 20, 
     FIG. 13 is the first screen that appears. The operator is called upon to strike any key in order to select a game. Once a key is entered on the keyboard 20 the screen illustrated by FIG. 14 appears. The operator must use the cursor keypad keys, tab key, or space bar to scroll through the available games. Once the cursor is on the desired game (&#34;PRO SINGLES&#34; was selected for this example) the operator presses the enter key. 
     The screen illustrated in FIG. 15 then appears and the operator is prompted to tell the system 10 whether the game is old or new (a &#34;NEW&#34; game was selected for this example). The screen illustrated by FIG. 16 then appears on the monitor 18 and the operator is prompted to &#34;Enter a DOS File Name for the New Game&#34; (the new game was dubbed &#34;TEST&#34; for this example). 
     The operator is prompted by the tournament name selection screen illustrated in FIG. 17 to enter the name of the tournament to be scheduled (&#34;Grand Nationals&#34; was entered for the purpose of this example). 
     The &#34;MAIN MENU&#34; next appears as illustrated in FIG. 18. Here the operator is prompted to enter tournament information. The operator must first select the &#34;PRE-SETUP&#34; options for general program setup. FIGS. 19 through 25 illustrate the screens and prompts found in the &#34;PRE-SETUP MENU.&#34; 
     The operator must next select the &#34;SETUP MENU&#34; (FIG. 26) from the &#34;MAIN MENU&#34; (FIG. 18). If the operator selects the &#34;Player/Team Database&#34; selection from the &#34;SETUP MENU&#34; the menu illustrated in FIG. 27 will appear (see, also, FIG. 28). If the operator selects the &#34;Boards Setup&#34; selection from the &#34;SETUP MENU&#34; the menu illustrated in FIG. 29 will appear. Should the operator select the &#34;Scheduling Setup Menu&#34; selection from the &#34;SETUP MENU&#34; the screen illustrated in FIG. 30 will appear. If the &#34;Select Automatic Options&#34; selection is made from the &#34;SETUP MENU&#34; the menu illustrated in FIG. 31 will appear on the monitor 18 in order to prompt the operator. Likewise, if the &#34;Link Setup Options&#34; selection is made from the &#34;SETUP MENU&#34; the menu illustrated in FIG. 32 will appear. 
     If &#34;Chart Options&#34; is selected from the &#34;MAIN MENU&#34; (FIG. 18) the menu illustrated in FIG. 33 will appear on the monitor 18. Likewise, if the &#34;Play the Game&#34; option is selected from the &#34;MAIN MENU&#34; the menu illustrated in FIG. 34 appears. The operator is prompted by the screen illustrated in FIG. 35 to start the game. 
     Match Options may be selected from the &#34;Play Menu&#34; as is illustrated by the screen shown in FIG. 36. FIGS. 40, 41, and 42 illustrate other important &#34;Play Menu&#34; submenus. 
     If the &#34;Advance Play&#34; option is selected from the &#34;MAIN MENU&#34; (FIG. 18) the screens illustrated in FIGS. 37, 38, 39, and 43 through 46 will appear on the monitor 18 to prompt the operator. 
     The &#34;Utilities Menu&#34; is illustrated in FIG. 47 and FIGS. 48 through 52 illustrate the various options available to the tournament operator via the &#34;Utilities Menu.&#34; 
     The &#34;QUICK MENU&#34; may be accessed from any screen by pressing F1. The options available under the &#34;QUICK MENU&#34; are illustrated in FIG. 53. 
     The following algorithms, written in C, will be helpful to those skilled in the art who desire to practice the invention. ##SPC1## 
     While the invention has been described with a certain degree of particularity, it is manifest that many changes may be made in the details and arrangement of components without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. It is understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein for purposes of exemplification, but is to be limited only by the scope of the appended claims including the full range of equivalency to which each element thereof is entitled. 
     Thus, there has been shown and described an automatic universal tournament management system which accomplishes at least all of the stated objects.