Abstract:
An operating hinge for a seat and seat lid of a toilet bowl, simply constructed and capable of controlling the angular moment of the seat and lid to softly stop them in place at their respective predetermined ends of pivoting stroke, provided. The operating hinge comprises a hinge case to be installed to a body of a toilet bowl, a shaft provided rotatably within the hinge case, a stationary cam secured inside the hinge case and having formed therein a central hole through which the rotating shaft is axially penetrated, a cam provided inside the hinge case in a vis-a-vis relationship with the stationary cam and having formed therein a central hole through which the rotating shaft is axially penetrated, to be slidable on, and rotatable with, the rotating shaft, and a resilient member for urging the rotatable sliding cam toward the stationary cam; further comprising, to more positively control the rotation of the rotating shaft, a rubber ring fitted on the rotating shaft to abut the inner wall of the hinge case, and a viscous oil applied between the periphery of the rubber ring and the hinge case inner wall the rubber ring abuts.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a toilet bowl, and more particularly, to a hinge suitably usable for opening and closing a seat and seat lid of a toilet bowl. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     Various types of hinges for opening and closing, or operating, a seat and seat lid of a toilet bowl have been proposed so far. Typical ones of such hinges include a combination of a shaft rotatable as the toilet seat and lid are pivoted for opening or closing, with a cam mechanism incorporating a compression spring and which acts on the shaft, a combination of a rotating shaft and a torsion spring which acts to cancel a torque of the shaft being rotated in a predetermined direction, a combination of a rotating shaft and a rotation damper, etc. 
     The combination of a rotating shaft with only a cam mechanism incorporating a compression spring and which acts on the shaft is advantageous in that a matching can easily be attained between a torque generated when the seat and lid is operated and an angular moment of the seat and lid. For a large rotating torque, however, the entire structure should be designed larger. 
     The combination of a rotating shaft with only a torsion spring which acts on the shaft has an advantage in that a small structure can create a large rotating torque. Since it creates a rotating torque which will increase and decrease linearly, however, no easy matching is possible between the rotating torque and an angular moment of the seat and lid which will depict a sine curve, and it is difficult to elaborately fit the movement of the seat and lid as necessary to the rotating torque and also to appropriately control the movement of the seat and lid in each of the operating steps. 
     Further, the combination of a rotating shaft with only a rotation damper has disadvantages that it is difficult to elaborately fit the movement of the seat and lid as necessary to the rotating torque and to appropriately control the movement of the seat and lid in each of the operating steps, and that the seat and lid being opened or closed cannot easily be halted in an intermediate angular position and braked at a predetermined angular position the seat and lid have reached during each of the operating strokes, for example. 
     SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION 
     Accordingly, the present invention has an object to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art by providing an operating hinge for a seat and seat lid of a toilet bowl, which is simply constructed and capable of controlling the angular moment of the seat and lid to softly stop them in place at their respective predetermined ends of opening and closing strokes. 
     The above object is accomplished by providing an operating hinge for a seat and seat lid of a toilet bowl including a hinge case to be installed to a body of a toilet bowl, a shaft provided rotatably inside the hinge case, a stationary cam secured inside the hinge case and having formed therein a central hole through which the rotating shaft is axially penetrated, a cam provided inside the hinge case in a vis--vis relationship with the stationary cam and having formed therein a central hole through which the rotating shaft is axially penetrated, to be slidable on, and rotatable with, the rotating shaft, and a resilient member for urging the rotatable sliding cam toward the stationary cam; further comprising, to more positively control the rotation of the rotating shaft, according to the present invention, a rubber ring fitted on the rotating shaft to abut the inner wall of the hinge case, and a viscous oil applied between the periphery of the rubber ring and the hinge case inner wall the rubber ring abuts. 
     The rubber ring may be fitted in a circumferential groove formed on the periphery of the rotating shaft, and the viscous oil be applied between the peripehry of the rubber ring and the hinge case inner wall the rubber ring abuts. 
     Also, a recess may be formed on the periphery of the rubber ring to receive and retain the viscous oil therein. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     In order that the invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into effect, some embodiments thereof, in which the present invention is applied for operating a seat and seat lid of a toilet bowl, will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which: 
     FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of fixtures for use to install the operating hinge of the present invention to a toilet bowl body; 
     FIG. 2 is an exploded view, partially in axial-sectional form, of the operating hinge according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 3 is an axial-sectional view of the operating hinge of the present invention; 
     FIG. 4 is an axial-sectional view of the composite torque hinge according to the present invention, which is in a position when the seat is set for use, namely, when it is closed; 
     FIG. 5 is an axial-sectional view of the composite torque hinge, which is in a position when the seat has been opened to an angle of 90 from the position in FIG. 4; 
     FIG. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view, enlarged in scale, of the damping member as a second rotation controller; 
     FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the rotating shaft; 
     FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the rotatable sliding cam; 
     FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the stationary cam; 
     FIG. 10 is a development for explanation of the stationary cam shape; 
     FIG. 11 is a torque curve of the operating hinge according to the present invention; and 
     FIG. 12 is a functional diagram of the operating hinge according to the present invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     A description of the present invention will be made hereinafter of an embodiment in which the present invention is applied for operating, or opening and closing, a seat and seat lid of a toilet bowl. It should be noted, however, that the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment only and it is applicable for various opening and closing structures. 
     Referring now to FIG. 1, a toilet bowl is illustrated, by way of example, of which a body is generally indicated with a reference numeral 1. For installation of the operating hinge according to the present invention to the toilet bowl body 1, there is provided on, and nearly at the center of, the rear top of the toilet bowl body 1 a cylindrical fixture 2 open at either axial end thereof (namely, it has a pair of fixing bores of which only one 2a is illustrated herein) and having two rearward projecting plates 2b (only one of which is illustrated herein) formed integrally with the cylinder 2. The cylinder 2 is to be secured to the body 1 of the toilet bowl with a pair of two bolts 2c which are to be driven into the bowl body 1 through a pair of holes formed in the projecting plates 2b, respectively. 
     A pair of cylindrical hinge cases 3 form a pair of operators generally indicated with a reference numeral 4, right and left, respectively. The operators 4, or cylindrical hinge cases 3, are designed to be inserted into the bores 2a, respectively, of the cylinder 2, and removably fixed inside the cylinder 2. For this fixation of each hinge case 3 or operator 4 inside the cylinder 2, the hinge case 3 has integrally at one end thereof a flange having a non-circular cross-section, and an engagement projection 3b formed integrally on the lower side thereof, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. The flange 3a is designed to closely fit in an engagement indent 2d formed in an opening end portion, under the bore 2a, of the cylinder 2. The projection 3b is adapted for engagement in a hole 2f formed in an engagement piece 2e provided below the bore 2a of the cylinder 2. Thus, when the operator 4 or hinge case 3 is pressed into the bore 2a of the cylinder 2, the flange 3a and projection 3b will work in cooperation with the indent 2d and hole 2f, respectively, to securely fix the operator 4 inside the cylinder 2. 
     As seen in FIG. 1, the right and left operators 4 form one pair. The left operator 4 is destined to open and close the toilet seat, while the right one is for use with the seat lid. Since they are horizontally symmetrical with each other and identical in internal structure to each other, however, it should be noted that mainly the left operator 4 will be involved in the following description for the simplicity of the explanation. 
     Now, the operator 4 comprises a rotating shaft 5 of which the rotation is controlled by a first controller A and second controller B provided to the left of a partition wall 3c provided inside the hinge case 3 as will be best seen in FIGS. 3 to 5. 
     The first rotation controller A may be a cam mechanism, for example, which will be described herebelow. As will be evident from FIGS. 3 to 5, the hinge case 3 receives the rotating shaft 5 so that they are axially aligned with each other. Thus, the shaft 5 is rotatable about the axis thereof as well as of the shaft 5 itself. The rotating shaft 5 consists of, as counted from the left end thereof, of a base portion having an annular groove 5a formed circumferentially thereon and in which there is fitted a sealing member 6 such as an O-ring which will be put into contact with an inner wall 3d of the hinge case 3, a portion 5b of a large diameter on which a resilient member 7 such as a compression spring is wound, and a portion 5c having a reduced diameter and an elliptic cross-section and on which a rotatable cam 8 is slidably fitted. The rotating shaft 5 has also a flange 5d formed integrally on the large-diameter portion thereof as shown. The small-diameter portion 5c is born in a bearing hole 3e formed in the partition wall 3c and projecting inwardly and radially of the hinge case 3. The small-diameter portion 5c has fixed to an end portion thereof exposed out of the bearing hole 3e an engagement plate 18 with a screw 17. The engagement plate 18 is provided to prevent the rotating shaft 5 from being disengaged from the bearing hole 3e. The engagement plate 18 has also formed on the periphery thereof a cut 18a which receives therein a stopper 19 projecting from the inner wall of the hinge case 3. The above-mentioned resilient member 7 is located between the flange 5d and rotatable sliding cam 8 to always urge the latter in one direction (rightward in the plane of the drawing). Also the rotatable sliding cam 8 has formed axially in the center thereof a non-circular or generally elliptic hole 8a as shown in FIG. 8. With the small-diameter portion 5c fitted in this non-circular hole 8a, the cam 8 can be rotated together with the shaft 5. Also, the rotatable sliding cam 8 has formed in diametrical positions along the circumference thereof two projections 8b extending axially as will be best seen from FIGS. 2 and 8. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 9, there is also provided inside the hinge case 3 a stationary cam 9 on one side of the partition wall 3c facing the open end of the hinge case 3. The cam 9 has formed in diametrical positions thereof, along the circumference thereof and on one side thereof a pair of crests 9a and a pair of troughs 9b, both extending axially in one direction. Further, the stationary cam 9 has formed on the other side thereof a plurality of projections 9c extending axially but in an opposite direction to that of the crests 9a and troughs 9b. The stationary cam 9 is force-fitted in an engagement hole 3f formed in the partition wall 3c as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. The stationary cam 9 has a circular hole 9d formed axially in the center thereof. The small-diameter portion 5c of the rotating shaft 5 is fitted rotatably through this hole 9d of the stationary cam 9. Thus, when all are set inside the hinge case 3, the rotatable sliding cam 8 and stationary cam 9 are placed in a vis--vis relationship, and in contact, with each other, with the projections 8b of the cam 8 facing the crests 9a and troughs 9b of the cam 9. 
     More specifically, each trough 9b of the stationary cam 9 of the cam mechanism A is followed by a small deeper trough 9e followed by a gentle ascending slope 9f which is further followed by a steeper ascending slope 9g as shown in FIG. 10. 
     Next, the second rotation controller B will be described herebelow. This controller B may be a damper, for example. As seen from FIGS. 3 to 5, the rotating shaft 5 has an annular recess 10 defined circumferentially on the large-diameter portion 5b thereof between the flange 5d and the base portion of the shaft 5 on which the annular groove 5a is formed. A rubber ring 11 is fitted in the annular recess 10 to abut the inner wall of the hinge case 3. A viscous oil 12 such as grease or silicon oil, for example, is applied between the periphery of the rubber ring 11 and the inner wall of the hinge case 3 the rubber ring 11 abuts, as shown in FIG. 6. The rubber ring 11 is made of a rubber, for example, but it may be a one made of a suitable synthetic resin. As best seen from FIG. 6, the rubber ring 11 has formed on the periphery thereof a plurality of recesses 11a to receive and retain the viscous oil therein. 
     As best seen from FIG. 3, the rotating shaft 5 has formed in the large-diameter portion thereof at an end portion thereof exposed out of the hinge case 3 a non-circular hole 5e extending axially and inwardly of the end face of the shaft 5. The non-circular hole 5e has force-fitted therein a coupling pin 15 which supports a toilet seat base 13 and a seat lid base 14 as shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5. The coupling pin 15 has a shaft portion 15a having a non-circular or generally elliptic cross-section corresponding to that of the hole 5e. The shaft portion 15a is first penetrated through a circular hole 14b formed in the lid base 14, then through a hole 13a formed in the seat base 13, and further into the non-circular hole 5e of the shaft 5. Namely, the lid base 14 is pivoted to the shaft portion 15a. Thus, the coupling pin 15 is rotatable with the seat base 13, and not with the lid base 14. The lid base 14, namely, the seat lid, is freely pivotable about the shaft portion 15a of the coupling pin 15 because of the circular hole 14b in the lid base 14. In effect, when the seat is opened or closed, this right-side rotation controller 4 allows the shaft 5 to be rotated about the coupling pin 15. On the contrary, when the seat lid is operated, it is just only supported on the pin shaft portion 15a and the shaft 5 will not be rotated correspondingly. In Figures, the reference numeral 21 indicates a plug which closes an end of the hinge case 3 opposite to the outer end, and 22 indicates a sealing member such as an O-ring, for example. 
     FIG. 1 also shows the right-side hinge case 3 or operator 4 in addition to the left-side hinge case 3 or operator 4 having been described above. The right-side hinge case 3 or operator 4 will be briefly described herebelow. As in the left-side operator 4 having been described in the foregoing, the coupling pin 15 has a shaft portion 15a having a same shape as the left-side one. The shaft 15a is introduced in the non-circular hole 5e in the rotating shaft 5. However, the lid base 14 has formed therein a non-circular hole 14a, and the seat base 13 has a circular hole 13b formed therein. As mentioned above, the shaft portion 15a is to be first penetrated through the non-circular hole 14a in the lid base 14 and then into the circular hole 13b in the seat base 13. Thus, the seat base 13 is pivotable about the shaft portion 15a of the right-side coupling pin 15. Because of the non-circular hole 14a in the lid base 14, the coupling pin 15 is rotatable with the lid base 14. That is, when the seat is operated, its base 13 is just only supported on the coupling pin 15 and the shaft 5 will not be rotated correspondingly. Therefore, the left-side operator 4 is destined for controlling the rotation of the toilet seat while the right-side one is for use with the seat lid. 
     The operating hinge according to the present invention functions as will be described herebelow: 
     Referring now to FIG. 12 showing a functional diagram of the operating hinge, an imaginary line 13c indicates the toilet seat. With the seat 13c in the closed position, the rotatable sliding cam 8 of the cam mechanism in the first rotation controller A shown in FIG. 4 is in direct contact, at the projections 8b thereof, with the crests 9a of the stationary cam 9, and the resilient member 7 is fully compressed. On the other hand, the rubber ring 11 as a damping member in the second rotation controller B is in slight contact with the inner wall of the hinge case 3. When the toilet seat 13c is opened from this position, the rotating shaft 5 will be rotated against the action of the damping member by means of the coupling pin 15 by which the seat base 13 is connected to the rotating shaft 5, and the projections 8b of the rotatable sliding cam 8 rotating in a same direction as the shaft 5 will slide in the direction of the stationary cam 9 while going down from the crest 9a into the trough 9b. 
     Thus, the rotating shaft 5 is allowed to smoothly rotate to open the seat 13c up to an angle of 90. 
     By starting to reduce the cam torque at the opened angle of 80 and reducing the cam torque down to zero at a position short of an opened angle of 90 as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the seat 13c can be urged in a further opening direction to a position where it will be able to stand by itself. Thereafter, when the cam torque is increased again to brake the seat 13c toward a full opened angle of 110 where the end of the cut 18a formed in the engagement plate 18 abuts the stopper 19, a bounding or rebounding of the seat 13c is absorbed. Thus, with such operations, the operating hinge according to the present invention allows to elaborately fit the movement of the seat 13c as necessary to the angular moment and to appropriately control the movement of the seat 13c in each of the operating steps. 
     When closing the seat 13c once opened, the first rotation controller A will reversely follow the above opening procedure. In this case, however, the projections 8b of the rotatable sliding cam 8 will start moving at an opened angle of about 40 and slide on the stationary cam 9 from the trough 9b of the cam 9 to the crest 9a against the resilience of the member 7. At this time, a resistance will take place to cause a reverse torque which will cancel the angular moment of the seat 13c, thereby preventing the seat 13c from being abruptly closed. On the other hand, the rubber ring 11 as a damping member in the second rotation controller B, abutting the inner wall of the hinge case 3, and the viscosity of the oil 12 applied between the periphery of the rubber ring 11 and the inner wall of the hinge case 3 the rubber ring 11 abuts, will provide a damping action under which the torque is controlled, whereby the seat 13c can be closed softly even when the seat 13c is released by taking off the hand from it. 
     As having been described above, when closing the seat 13c, the reverse torque of the cam mechanism of the first rotation controller A and the damping action of the damping member in the second rotation controller B, will effectively allow the seat 13c to be closed calmly or gently, not abruptly. 
     With the operating hinge according to the present invention, when the seat 13c is closed to an angle of 80 and then released with some force applied thereto, it will be closed to an angle of about 40 at a relatively high speed under a weak cam torque and damping action. This operation will take about 2 sec as seen from FIGS. 11 and 12. Thereafter, the projections 8a of the rotatable sliding cam 8 of the cam mechanism will climb the ascending slopes of the troughs 9b toward the crests 9a of the cam 9 against the resilience of the member 7. Therefore, the seat 13c will be closed slowly to an angle of about 10, and then more slowly to an angle of 0. A time of about 5 sec is required for this full closing of the seat 13c. 
     Thus, a composite torque action, derived from the cam torque created by the cam mechanism and the damping action of the damping member, permits to adjust the operating time of the seat 13c being opened or closed and elaborately control the movement of the seat 13c in each of the operating steps for the user to be noticed of the timely seat operations. 
     In the foregoing, mainly the left-side operator 4 for the seat 13c has been described as to the function thereof. The right-side operator 4 is used to open and close the seat lid from a closed position. However, since the seat lid is not frequently operated in comparison with the seat 13c, it is not so much required to elaborately control the movement of the seat lid for the user to be noticed of the seat lid operations. Therefore, for the seat lid operator, the stationary cam may be designed to have crests and troughs of more simplified shapes than those of the stationary cam in the seat operator. Since an angular moment taking place in this seat lid operator is basically the same as a one in the seat operator, however, the stationary cam in the seat lid operator may be of a same structure as that in the seat operator except for the shape of the crests and troughs. No further description will be made of the operator 4 for the seat lid.