Abstract:
An Interchangeable Connector System providing for the interchangeable removable installation of a variety of Terminators, such as plugs and sockets, and a variety of Shells or covers, to a Common Connector Body. The installation and removal of the Shells and Terminators is performed after the Common Connector Body is connected to the cable, and does not require the disconnection of the cable from the Common Connector Body.

Description:
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT  
         [0001]    A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office patent files or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    This invention relates to connectors for cables conducting electromagnetic waves generally and more specifically to connectors, plugs, and sockets for audiovisual and other electronic equipment having interchangeable components.  
           [0003]    When using cables or wires to connect such things as sound amplification or video equipment, it is sometimes desirable to change the terminating plug or socket on one or both ends of a cable, or to change the type, color, or other feature of the shell which covers and protects the ends of the cable. Since it is usually desirable to solder or tightly crimp the ends of the conductors of a cable to the terminating plug or socket, and since the cover or shell is usually placed on the cable before such soldering or crimping, it is difficult to change either the terminator or the shell of a cable which has already been made up.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0004]    The Interchangeable Connector System overcomes the problem of a lack of interchangeability among terminating plugs and sockets and shells or covers by providing a system of interchangeable Terminators and Shells which can be mounted or changed after the soldering or crimping of the conductors of a cable to a Common Connector Body. The Shells and Terminators can be mounted or changed without having to remove the cable from the Common Connector Body, thus providing a very flexible and reusable system. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS  
       [0005]    [0005]FIG. 1 shows an exploded overview in perspective of an Interchangeable Connector System according to the present invention.  
         [0006]    [0006]FIG. 2 shows an exploded perspective view of one configuration of the system of FIG. 1.  
         [0007]    [0007]FIG. 3 shows a section view of the system of FIG. 2.  
         [0008]    [0008]FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an assembled Interchangeable Connector System according to the present invention.  
         [0009]    [0009]FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a Common Connector Body coupled to a shielded cable.  
         [0010]    [0010]FIG. 6 shows a cutaway view of a Shell during assembly onto the Common Connector Body after the Common Connector Body has been coupled to a cable.  
         [0011]    [0011]FIG. 7 shows a cutaway view of a Shell assembled onto the Common Connector Body of FIG. 6.  
         [0012]    [0012]FIG. 8 shows an exploded perspective view of a Terminator during assembly with the Shell and the Common Connector Body of FIG. 7.  
         [0013]    [0013]FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of a variety of assembled Interchangeable Connector Systems according to the present invention.  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 10 shows an overview in elevation of an alternative embodiment of the Interchangeable Connector System according to the present invention.  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 11 shows a section view of two assembled Interchangeable Connector Systems of the alternative embodiment of FIG. 10. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
       [0016]    This invention, an Interchangeable Connector System, shown in overview in FIG. 1, provides for the interchangeable assembly of a variety of Terminators  300  and Shells  200  onto a Common Connector Body  100 . In an alternative embodiment, shown in overview in FIG. 10, the Interchangeable Connector System provides for the interchangeable assembly of a variety of Terminators  300  onto a Common Connector Body  100  to which a Shell has been molded, creating a Common Connector Body with Molded Shell  500 .  
         [0017]    In the system of this invention, the Common Connector Body  100  is fixedly coupled to a cable  400  which conducts electromagnetic waves. The cable could be an audio or video cable which conducts electrical signals, or a fiber-optic cable which conducts modulated light, or it could be another type of cable conducting an electromagnetic wave. The fixed coupling of the cable to the Common Connector Body could be by a number of means, including soldering, crimping, or welding for an electrically conductive cable and gluing for an optically conductive cable. Clamping is another means of fixedly coupling a cable to the Common Connector Body. The coupling of the cable to the Common Connector Body is considered to be fixed because in practice it is desirable not to undo the coupling even if it is possible to do so, for instance by desoldering. A feature of the present invention is that an uncoupling of the cable  400  from the Common Connector Body  100  is not necessary in order to change Terminators  300  or, in an embodiment, Shells  200 .  
         [0018]    In contrast to the fixed coupling of the Common Connector Body  100  to the cable  400 , the Terminators  300  and, in an embodiment, the Shells  200  are removably mounted and interchangeably mounted on the Common Connector Body  100 . As will be further shown, the present invention provides Terminators  300  and, in an embodiment, Shells  400  which can be mounted on the Common Connector Body  100  after the Common Connector Body  100  has been fixedly coupled to the cable  400 , and which can be removed and replaced with another Terminator  300  or Shell  200  without having to uncouple the Common Connector Body  100  from the cable  400 . A preferred embodiment of this invention provides a method of mounting the Terminators  300  and Shells  200  on the Common Connector Body  100  by a means such as a threaded area, a bayonet mount, or some similar, removable means. Mounting the Terminators and Shells in such an easily removable way provides a system having great flexibility for being changed and reconfigured without special tools.  
         [0019]    An embodiment of the present invention, with an electrically conductive cable having one conductor and a shield, with the connection terminating in a          -inch phone plug, is illustrated and described. The practice of this invention for other types of terminators, for multiple-conductor cables, and for optically conductive terminators and cables, is described in this document.  
         [0020]    Referring now to FIGS. 2, 3, &amp;  5 , the Common Connector Body  100  is designed to be coupled to a cable  400  by soldering, crimping, or other suitable attachment. The coupling to a conductor or conductors of a cable can be supplemented by a mechanical coupling to provide strain relief. In a single-conductor embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the conductor  410  of a cable  400  is electrically coupled to a cable contact point  110  of the Common Connector Body. The shield  420  of the cable is electrically coupled to the main body  120  of the Common Connector Body, either directly or by attachment to a strain relief  130  or strain relief tabs  135  where the strain relief and strain relief tabs are electrically connected to the main body. The cable contact point  110  conducts an electrical signal to a contact receptacle  160 . The electrical path from the cable contact point to the contact receptacle is electrically insulated from the main body  120 . One way to achieve this insulation is with an insulator  170 .  
         [0021]    The cable  400  may be further mechanically secured to the strain relief  130  and strain relief tabs  135 . In an embodiment with more than one conductor, the cable contact point  110  and the contact receptacle  160  are divided into more than one electrically insulated paths.  
         [0022]    In order to protect the coupling points of the cable  400  to the Common Connector Body  100  and to complete the overall integrity of the connection, a Shell  200  may be interchangeably mounted on the Common Connector Body as shown in FIGS. 6 &amp; 7. Alternatively, a Shell may be molded to the Common Connector Body  100  creating a Common Connector Body with Molded Shell  500 , as shown in FIGS. 10 &amp; 11.  
         [0023]    The interchangeable Shell  200  may be of a color or texture or shape or can incorporate a design feature that differentiates the assembled connector from others. The Shells  200  are easily interchangeable because they can be mounted over the Common Connector Body  100  while the cable  400  remains coupled. Therefore the Shell on a cable can be changed for one of a different appearance or feel in order to identify, for instance, a different use or point of connection for the cable.  
         [0024]    The Shell  200  is placed over and coupled to the Common Connector Body  100 . In a preferred embodiment, a larger threaded portion  140  of the Common Connector Body engages a threaded portion  240  of the Shell. Alternatively, the attachment of the Shell to the Common Connector Body could be achieved with a bayonet mount or another type of mount. FIG. 7 shows the Shell  200  mounted on the Common Connector Body  100 .  
         [0025]    A Terminator  300  is interchangeably coupled to the Common Connector Body  100 . In one embodiment, the Common Connector Body  100  is fitted with an interchangeable Shell  200 . In an alternative embodiment, a Shell has been molded to the Common Connector Body  500 . The Terminator  300  will normally be a plug, but could be a socket, a spade lug, a switch, or an indicator light. As shown in FIG. 10, the Terminator can be a single assembly, or can be an assembly which attaches to the Common Connector Body using a separate collet  390 . As shown in FIGS. 10 &amp; 11, a ring  600  or washer of rubber, plastic, or other material can optionally be mounted between the Terminator  300  and the Common Connector Body  100 .  
         [0026]    The specific configuration of a Terminator may vary depending on the nature of the Terminator. A single-conductor ¼ inch plug, for instance, will have a tip portion  310  and a ring portion  320  (FIGS. 2 &amp; 3). The tip portion  310  conducts an electrical signal to the contact pin  360 , which is adapted to fit into and make electrical contact with the contact receptacle  160  of the Common Connector Body. The ring portion  320  conducts an electrical signal to the threaded portion  350  of the Terminator, which is adapted to attach to, and make electrical contact with, the smaller threaded portion  150  of the Common Connector Body.  
         [0027]    Portions corresponding to the tip and ring portions of the ¼ inch plug will exist in other types of plugs, in sockets, and in the other types of Terminators in this system. FIG. 11 shows the corresponding tip  310  and ring  320  portions of an RCA-type or co-axial plug. In a system with more than one conductor, there will be more than two portions of the Terminator. For example, in a stereo plug, there will be three electrically separate portions.  
         [0028]    In a preferred embodiment, a smaller threaded portion  150  of the Common Connector Body engages a threaded portion  350  of the Terminator in order to mechanically attach the Terminator  300  to the Common Connector Body. This mechanical attachment also creates an electrical attachment between the main body  120  of the Common Connector Body  100  and a tip portion  310  of the Terminator. A ring portion  320  of the Terminator is electrically coupled through the contact pin  360  to the contact receptacle  160 . Since the contact receptacle  160  is electrically connected to the cable contact point  110 , which is electrically coupled to the conductor  410  of a cable, and the main body  120  is electrically coupled to the shield  420  or second conductor of the cable  400 , in the assembled connector system, the tip portion  310  is electrically coupled to the conductor  410  and the ring portion  320  is electrically coupled to the shield  420  or second conductor of the cable  400 .  
         [0029]    In an embodiment having more than one conductor, the tip  310  and the corresponding contact pin  360  may be divided into more than one electrically insulated paths, adapted to make contact with a similarly divided contact receptacle  160  which in turn is electrically coupled to a divided contact point  110  or plural contact points.  
         [0030]    The Terminators can be provided in a wide variety of connector types, including but not limited to straight and angled versions of, and both plug and socket versions of, ¼-inch phone connectors, mini-phone connectors, RCA or co-axial type connectors, photographic electronic flash connectors of the PC-type or other types, and banana connectors. The Terminators may also be provided as spade lugs.  
         [0031]    With the Interchangeable Connector System, the Terminators and, in a preferred embodiment, the Shells can be removed and reassembled after the initial assembly of the cables, Shells, and Terminators. This interchangeability is possible without having to disconnect the cable from the Common Connector Body, and can therefore be done quickly, in the field, without the need for a soldering iron or other special tool. FIG. 9 shows some of the variety of Terminators and Shells which can be interchangeably assembled with this system.  
         [0032]    In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a “Connector Body Means” is a mechanical element which provides 1) a coupling point or points upon which to couple the conductor or conductors of a cable, 2) a point or points upon which to removably mount a Terminator in such a way that the signal of the conductor or conductors of the cable is carried through to the Terminator Means, and, in an embodiment of the invention, 3) a surface upon which to removably mount a Shell Means. The mounting and removal of the Terminators and, in an embodiment, the Shells, may be done without having to uncouple the cable from the Connector Body Means. Examples of the preferred ways of coupling the conductors of a cable to the Connector Body Means are soldering and crimping for an electrically conductive cable and gluing for an optically conductive cable.  
         [0033]    In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a “Terminator Means” is a mechanical element which may be removably mounted on the Connector Body Means in such a way that the signal of the conductor or conductors of the cable is carried through to the Terminator Means. The Terminator Means could be a plug, socket, indicator light, transformer, fuse holder, or other such element. The Terminator Means could be a combination, such as plug, indicator light, transformer, and fuse holder combination.  
         [0034]    In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a “Shell Means” is a mechanical element which may be removably mounted on the Connector Body Means. The purpose of the Shell Means is partly structural, to protect the point of coupling of the cable to the Connector Body Means and to provide a gripping surface for the user of the system, and partly informative or decorative, since different properties of a Shell Means, such as color, texture, size, and shape may be used to differentiate terminated cables under this system.  
         [0035]    In operation, a person using the Interchangeable Connector System might be setting up or making changes to an audiovisual system and need, for instance, to substitute a loudspeaker requiring a ¼-inch phone plug connector in place of a loudspeaker requiring an RCA-type plug. The person would unmount the RCA-type plug Terminator from the Common Connector Body of an already made-up cable and mount a ¼-inch phone plug Terminator in its place, thus changing the configuration of the cable without having to uncouple the cable from the Common Connector Body and without any special tools. The person might also exchange the Shell covering an end of a cable for a Shell of a different color, shape, or texture in order to indicate that the purpose of the cable had changed. This exchanging of Shells could be accomplished without uncoupling the cable from the Common Connector Body, and without any special tools.  
         [0036]    Using this system, a provider of cables could offer various terminators and shells and separately offer lengths of cable with Common Connector Bodies securely coupled to both ends. The customers of such a provider of cables could then obtain the exact length and grade of cable desired, and separately obtain the exact Terminators and Shells desired. The customer could then assemble these components without special tools, and could change the configuration as needed.  
         [0037]    While a preferred form of the invention has been described and shown in the drawings, since variations in the preferred form will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the invention should not be construed as limited to the specific form shown and described, but instead should be construed as set forth in the following claims.