Abstract:
In accordance with embodiments, there are provided mechanisms and methods for automatically updating a software QA test repository in a database system. These mechanisms and methods for automatically updating a QA test repository can enable embodiments to quickly and accurately update a test repository without requiring a user to repeatedly enter test case documentation data. These mechanisms and methods for automatically updating a QA test repository can also enable embodiments to extract plain language descriptions of test cases in the test repository. The ability of embodiments to automatically update the test repository and provide descriptions for the test cases stored in the test repository allows developers to efficiently update and share the contents of the test repository.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The following commonly owned, co-pending United States Patents and Patent Applications, including the present application, are related to each other. Each of the other patents/applications are incorporated by reference herein in its entirety: 
     United States patent application Ser. No. 12/798,187 entitled SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR AUTOMATICALLY UPDATING A SOFTWARE QA TEST REPOSITORY, by Emad Salman et al., filed , Mar. 31, 2010; and 
     COPYRIGHT NOTICE 
     A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever. 
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The current invention relates generally to quality assurance (QA) testing. 
     BACKGROUND 
     The subject matter discussed in the background section should not be assumed to be prior art merely as a result of its mention in the background section. Similarly, a problem mentioned in the background section or associated with the subject matter of the background section should not be assumed to have been previously recognized in the prior art. The subject matter in the background section merely represents different approaches, which in and of themselves may also be inventions. 
     In conventional database systems, users access their data resources in one logical database. A user of such a conventional system typically retrieves data from and stores data on the system using the user&#39;s own systems. A user system might remotely access one of a plurality of server systems that might in turn access the database system. Data retrieval from the system might include the issuance of a query from the user system to the database system. The database system might process the request for information received in the query and send to the user system information relevant to the request. In conventional software QA testing, software developers conceptualize test plans, create test cases, document test cases and their parameters, and organize and maintain a collection of test cases and execution data. In general, a test case is a set of conditions, steps, expected outcomes used for testing features or functionality of software applications, and results of the testing (if available). In order to effectively manage all the collected test cases and test case data, access the test cases and test case data when needed, and effectively communicate details about the test cases with other technical and non-technical individuals, it is important to have the test cases and test case data properly sorted, organized, and documented into a logical database. This requires the software developer to properly input, store, and track test case documentation and execution data each time a test case is run. 
     Unfortunately, entering and documenting large amounts of test case data is time consuming and error prone. As test cases are created and test case execution data is collected to be stored in a QA test case repository, it needs to be categorized and documented so that it can be quickly looked up and accessed at a later time. It becomes particularly cumbersome when employing fast paced Scrum development methodology, since the methodology encourages small iterative development life cycles and test driven development. This requires software developers to perform redundant data entry which is inefficient and leads to data entry errors. Developers want to be able to quickly and accurately document test cases and update the test case repository to reflect new additions and improvements. 
     Accordingly, it is desirable to provide an automated method and system for updating a software QA test case repository in a database system in a manner that reduces errors and improves the efficiency of updating the QA test case repository. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY 
     In accordance with embodiments, there are provided mechanisms and methods for automatically updating a software QA test case repository. These mechanisms and methods for automatically updating a software QA test case repository in a database system can enable embodiments to automatically upload and update test cases and test case execution data to a QA test case repository. The ability of embodiments to automatically upload test cases and test case execution data to a QA test case repository in a database system tends to enable users to document test cases more quickly and accurately than manually updating the test case repository. 
     In an embodiment and by way of example, a method for automatically uploading and updating test cases and test case execution data to a QA test case repository in a database system is provided. In an embodiment, a request to automatically upload and update test case data to a QA test case repository is received by a test repository automatic update tool. After the test case is executed, in response to the request to upload and update test case data, the automatic update tool accesses the test case and execution data. In an embodiment, the automatic update tool extracts test case information. In an embodiment, based on the extracted information, the automatic update tool determines the appropriate hierarchy level for the test case and execution data, and updates the test case repository (e.g., by uploading the test case data to the appropriate hierarchy level). 
     While the present invention is described with reference to an embodiment in which techniques for automatically updating a software QA test case repository are implemented in a system having an application server providing a front end for an on-demand database service capable of supporting multiple tenants, the present invention is not limited to multi-tenant databases nor deployment on application servers. Embodiments may be practiced using other database architectures, e.g., ORACLE®, DB2® by IBM and the like, or other architectures, such as Windows® or Unix® without departing from the scope of the embodiments claimed. 
     Any of the above embodiments may be used alone or together with one another in any combination. Inventions encompassed within this specification may also include embodiments that are only partially mentioned or alluded to or are not mentioned or alluded to at all in this brief summary or in the abstract. Although various embodiments of the invention may have been motivated by various deficiencies with the prior art, which may be discussed or alluded to in one or more places in the specification, the embodiments of the invention do not necessarily address any of these deficiencies. In other words, different embodiments of the invention may address different deficiencies that may be discussed in the specification. Some embodiments may only partially address some deficiencies or just one deficiency that may be discussed in the specification, and some embodiments may not address any of these deficiencies. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In the following drawings like reference numbers are used to refer to like elements. Although the following figures depict various examples of the invention, the invention is not limited to the examples depicted in the figures. 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a block diagram of an example of an environment wherein an on-demand database service might be used. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates another block diagram of an example of the environment of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3A  shows a block diagram of an embodiment of process space  28  of  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 3B  shows a block diagram of an embodiment of systems  12 ′ of  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 4  shows a block diagram of an embodiment of the tenant data storage of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 5  shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a system side method for automatically inserting to and updating a QA test case repository. 
         FIG. 6  shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a user side method for automatically inserting to and updating a QA test case repository. 
         FIG. 7  shows a flowchart of an example of a method of using the environment of  FIGS. 1 and 2 . 
         FIG. 8  shows a flowchart of an example of a method of making the environment of  FIGS. 1 and 2 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     General Overview 
     Systems and methods are provided for automatically updating a QA test case repository. 
     As used herein, the term multi-tenant database system refers to those systems in which various elements of hardware and software of the database system may be shared by one or more customers. For example, a given application server may simultaneously process requests for a great number of customers, and a given database table may store rows for a potentially much greater number of customers. As used herein, the term query plan refers to a set of steps used to access information in a database system. 
     The following begins with a system overview describing the components of a system for automatically updating a software QA test case repository in an on-demand service. Then, mechanisms and methods for automatically updating a software QA test case repository in an on-demand service will be described with reference to example embodiments. 
     System Overview 
       FIG. 1  illustrates a block diagram of an environment  10  wherein an on-demand database service might be used. Environment  10  may include user systems  12 , network  14 , system  16 , processor system  17 , application platform  18 , network interface  20 , tenant data storage  22 , system data storage  24 , program code  26 , and process space  28 . In other embodiments, environment  10  may not have all of the components listed and/or may have other elements instead of, or in addition to, those listed above. 
     Environment  10  is an environment including a system of one or more machines in which an on-demand database service exists. User system  12  may be any machine or system that is used by a user to access a database user system. For example, any of user systems  12  can be a handheld computing device, a mobile phone, a laptop computer, a work station, and/or a network of computing devices. As illustrated in  FIG. 1  (and in more detail in  FIG. 2 ) user systems  12  might interact via a network  14  with an on-demand database service, which is system  16 . 
     An on-demand database service, such as system  16 , is a pre-established database system (a system of one or more machines running a database server) that is made available to outside users that do not need to necessarily be concerned with building and/or maintaining the database system, but instead may be available for their use when the users need the database system (e.g., on the demand of the users). Some on-demand database services may store information from one or more tenants stored into tables of a common database image (on one or more machine readable media within one or more storage devices and/or other machines) to form a multi-tenant database system (MTS). Accordingly, “on-demand database service  16 ” and “system  16 ” will be used interchangeably herein. A database image may include one or more database objects. A relational database management system (RDMS) or the equivalent may execute storage and retrieval of information against the database object(s). Application platform  18  may be a framework that allows the applications of system  16  to run, such as the hardware and/or software, e.g., the operating system. In an embodiment, on-demand database service  16  may include an application platform  18  that enables creation, management and execution of one or more applications developed by the provider of the on-demand database service, users accessing the on-demand database service via user systems  12 , or third party application developers accessing the on-demand database service via user systems  12 . 
     The users of user systems  12  may differ in their respective capacities, and the capacity of a particular user system  12  might be entirely determined by permissions (permission levels) for the current user. For example, where a salesperson is using a particular user system  12  to interact with system  16 , that user system has the capacities allotted to that salesperson. However, while an administrator is using that user system to interact with system  16 , that user system has the capacities allotted to that administrator. In systems with a hierarchical role model, users at one permission level may have access to applications, data, and database information accessible by a lower permission level user, but may not have access to certain applications, database information, and data accessible by a user at a higher permission level. Thus, different users may have different capabilities with regard to accessing and modifying application and database information, depending on a user&#39;s security or permission level. 
     Network  14  is any network or combination of networks of devices that communicate with one another. For example, network  14  can be any one or any combination of a LAN (local area network), WAN (wide area network), telephone network, wireless network, point-to-point network, star network, token ring network, hub network, or other appropriate configuration. As the most common type of computer network in current use is a TCP/IP (Transfer Control Protocol and Internet Protocol) network, such as the global internetwork of networks often referred to as the “Internet” with a capital “I,” that network will be used in many of the examples herein. However, it should be understood that the networks that the present invention might use are not so limited, although TCP/IP is a frequently implemented protocol. 
     User systems  12  might communicate with system  16  using TCP/IP and, at a higher network level, use other common Internet protocols to communicate, such as HTTP, FTP, AFS, WAP, etc. In an example where HTTP is used, user system  12  might include an HTTP client commonly referred to as a “browser” for sending and receiving HTTP messages to and from an HTTP server at system  16 . Such an HTTP server might be implemented as the sole network interface between system  16  and network  14 , but other techniques might be used as well and/or instead. In some implementations, the interface between system  16  and network  14  includes load sharing functionality, such as round-robin HTTP request distributors to balance loads and distribute incoming HTTP requests evenly over a plurality of servers. At least as for the users that are accessing that server, each of the plurality of servers has access to the MTS&#39; data; however, other alternative configurations may be used instead. 
     In one embodiment, system  16 , shown in  FIG. 1 , implements a web-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. For example, in one embodiment, system  16  includes application servers configured to implement and execute CRM software applications as well as provide related data, code, forms, webpages and other information to and from user systems  12  and to store to, and retrieve from, a database system related data, objects, and Webpage content. With a multi-tenant system, data for multiple tenants may be stored in the same physical database, object, however, tenant data typically is arranged so that data of one tenant is kept logically separate from that of other tenants so that one tenant does not have access to another tenant&#39;s data, unless such data is expressly shared. In certain embodiments, system  16  implements applications other than, or in addition to, a CRM application. For example, system  16  may provide tenant access to multiple hosted (standard and custom) applications, including a CRM application. User (or third party developer) applications, which may or may not include CRM, may be supported by the application platform  18 , which manages creation and storage of the applications into one or more database objects and manages execution of the applications in a virtual machine in the process space of one more of machines of the system  16 . 
     One arrangement for elements of system  16  is shown in  FIG. 1 , including a network interface  20 , application platform  18 , tenant data storage  22  for tenant data  23 , system data storage  24  for system data  25  accessible to system  16  and possibly multiple tenants, program code  26  for implementing various functions of system  16 , and a process space  28  for executing MTS system processes and tenant-specific processes, such as running applications as part of an application hosting service. Additional processes that may execute on system  16  include database indexing processes. 
     Several elements in the system shown in  FIG. 1  include conventional, well-known elements that are explained only briefly here. For example, each user system  12  could include a desktop personal computer, workstation, laptop, PDA, cell phone, or any wireless access protocol (WAP) enabled device or any other computing device capable of interfacing directly or indirectly to the Internet or other network connection. User system  12  typically runs an HTTP client, e.g., a browsing program, such as Microsoft&#39;s Internet Explorer browser, Netscape&#39;s Navigator browser, Opera&#39;s browser, or a WAP-enabled browser in the case of a cell phone, PDA or other wireless device, or the like, allowing a user (e.g., subscriber of the multi-tenant database system) of user system  12  to access, process and view information, pages and applications available to it from system  16  over network  14 . Each user system  12  also typically includes one or more user interface devices, such as a keyboard, a mouse, trackball, touch pad, touch screen, pen or the like, for interacting with a graphical user interface (GUI) provided by the browser on a display (e.g., a monitor screen, LCD display, etc.) in conjunction with pages, forms, applications and other information provided by system  16  or other systems or servers. For example, the user interface device can be used to access data and applications hosted by system  16 , and to perform searches on stored data, and otherwise allow a user to interact with various GUI pages that may be presented to a user. As discussed above, embodiments are suitable for use with the Internet, which refers to a specific global internetwork of networks. However, it should be understood that other networks can be used instead of the Internet, such as an intranet, an extranet, a virtual private network (VPN), a non-TCP/IP based network, any LAN or WAN or the like. 
     According to one embodiment, each user system  12  and all of its components are operator configurable using applications, such as a browser, including computer code run using a central processing unit such as an Intel Pentium® processor or the like. Similarly, system  16  (and additional instances of an MTS, where more than one is present) and all of their components might be operator configurable using application(s) including computer code to run using a central processing unit such as processor system  17 , which may include an Intel Pentium® processor or the like, and/or multiple processor units. A computer program product embodiment includes a machine-readable storage medium (media) having instructions stored thereon/in which can be used to program a computer to perform any of the processes of the embodiments described herein. Computer code for operating and configuring system  16  to intercommunicate and to process webpages, applications and other data and media content as described herein are preferably downloaded and stored on a hard disk, but the entire program code, or portions thereof, may also be stored in any other volatile or non-volatile memory medium or device as is well known, such as a ROM or RAM, or provided on any media capable of storing program code, such as any type of rotating media including floppy disks, optical discs, digital versatile disk (DVD), compact disk (CD), microdrive, and magneto-optical disks, and magnetic or optical cards, nanosystems (including molecular memory ICs), or any type of media or device suitable for storing instructions and/or data. Additionally, the entire program code, or portions thereof, may be transmitted and downloaded from a software source over a transmission medium, e.g., over the Internet, or from another server, as is well known, or transmitted over any other conventional network connection as is well known (e.g., extranet, VPN, LAN, etc.) using any communication medium and protocols (e.g., TCP/IP, HTTP, HTTPS, Ethernet, etc.) as are well known. It will also be appreciated that computer code for implementing embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in any programming language that can be executed on a client system and/or server or server system such as, for example, C, C++, HTML, any other markup language, Java™, JavaScript, ActiveX, any other scripting language, such as VBScript, and many other programming languages as are well known may be used. (Java™ is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.). 
     According to one embodiment, each system  16  is configured to provide webpages, forms, applications, data and media content to user (client) systems  12  to support the access by user systems  12  as tenants of system  16 . As such, system  16  provides security mechanisms to keep each tenant&#39;s data separate unless the data is shared. If more than one MTS is used, they may be located in close proximity to one another (e.g., in a server farm located in a single building or campus), or they may be distributed at locations remote from one another (e.g., one or more servers located in city A and one or more servers located in city B). As used herein, each MTS could include one or more logically and/or physically connected servers distributed locally or across one or more geographic locations. Additionally, the term “server” is meant to include a computer system, including processing hardware and process space(s), and an associated storage system and database application (e.g., OODBMS or RDBMS) as is well known in the art. It should also be understood that “server system” and “server” are often used interchangeably herein. Similarly, the database object described herein can be implemented as single databases, a distributed database, a collection of distributed databases, a database with redundant online or offline backups or other redundancies, etc., and might include a distributed database or storage network and associated processing intelligence. 
       FIG. 2  also illustrates environment  10 . However, in  FIG. 2  elements of system  16  and various interconnections in an embodiment are further illustrated.  FIG. 2  shows that user system  12  may include processor system  12 A, memory system  12 B, input system  12 C, and output system  12 D.  FIG. 2  shows network  14  and system  16 . Additionally,  FIG. 2  includes additional user systems  12 ′.  FIG. 2  also shows that system  16  may include tenant data storage  22 , tenant data  23 , system data storage  24 , system data  25 , User Interface (UI)  30 , Application Program Interface (API)  32 , PL/SOQL  34 , save routines  36 , application setup mechanism  38 , applications servers  100   1 - 100   N , system process space  102 , tenant process spaces  104 , tenant management process space  110 , tenant storage area  112 , user storage  114 , and application metadata  116 . In other embodiments, environment  10  may not have the same elements as those listed above and/or may have other elements instead of, or in addition to, those listed above. 
     User system  12 , network  14 , system  16 , tenant data storage  22 , and system data storage  24  were discussed above in  FIG. 1 . Regarding user system  12 , processor system  12 A may be any combination of one or more processors. Memory system  12 B may be any combination of one or more memory devices, short term, and/or long term memory. Input system  12 C may be any combination of input devices, such as one or more keyboards, mice, trackballs, scanners, cameras, and/or interfaces to networks. Output system  12 D may be any combination of output devices, such as one or more monitors, printers, and/or interfaces to networks. User systems  12 ′ may be any in-house machine or system in relation to the on-demand database service, that is used by a user to access a database user system. An in-house machine or system may be physically located on-site and/or otherwise associated with the on-demand database service. As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , user systems  12 ′ might interact via a network  14  with an on-demand database service, which is system  16 . In an embodiment, user systems  12 ′ may interact directly with an on-demand database service without benefit of network  14 . As shown by  FIG. 2 , system  16  may include a network interface  20  (of  FIG. 1 ) implemented as a set of HTTP application servers  100 , an application platform  18 , tenant data storage  22 , and system data storage  24 . Also shown is system process space  102 , including individual tenant process spaces  104  and a tenant management process space  110 . Each application server  100  may be configured to tenant data storage  22  and the tenant data  23  therein, and system data storage  24  and the system data  25  therein to serve requests of user systems  12  and  12 ′. The tenant data  23  might be divided into individual tenant storage areas  112 , which can be either a physical arrangement and/or a logical arrangement of data. Within each tenant storage area  112 , user storage  114  and application metadata  116  might be similarly allocated for each user. For example, a copy of a user&#39;s most recently used (MRU) items might be stored to user storage  114 . Similarly, a copy of MRU items for an entire organization that is a tenant might be stored to tenant storage area  112 . A UI  30  provides a user interface and an API  32  provides an application programmer interface to system  16  resident processes to users and/or developers at user systems  12  and  12 ′. The tenant data and the system data may be stored in various databases, such as one or more Oracle™ databases. 
     Application platform  18  includes an application setup mechanism  38  that supports application developers&#39; creation and management of applications, which may be saved as metadata into tenant data storage  22  by save routines  36  for execution by subscribers as one or more tenant process spaces  104  managed by tenant management process  110  for example. Invocations to such applications may be coded using PL/SOQL  34  that provides a programming language style interface extension to API  32 . A detailed description of some PL/SOQL language embodiments is discussed in commonly owned U.S. Provisional Patent Application 60/828,192 entitled, PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EXTENDING APIS TO EXECUTE IN CONJUNCTION WITH DATABASE APIS, by Craig Weissman, filed Oct. 4, 2006, which is incorporated in its entirety herein for all purposes. Invocations to applications may be detected by one or more system processes, which manages retrieving application metadata  116  for the subscriber making the invocation and executing the metadata as an application in a virtual machine. 
     Each application server  100  may be communicably coupled to database systems, e.g., having access to system data  25  and tenant data  23 , via a different network connection. For example, one application server  100   1  might be coupled via the network  14  (e.g., the Internet), another application server  100   N-1  might be coupled via a direct network link, and another application server  100   N  might be coupled by yet a different network connection. Transfer Control Protocol and Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) are typical protocols for communicating between application servers  100  and the database system. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that other transport protocols may be used to optimize the system depending on the network interconnect used. 
     In certain embodiments, each application server  100  is configured to handle requests for any user associated with any organization that is a tenant. Because it is desirable to be able to add and remove application servers from the server pool at any time for any reason, there is preferably no server affinity for a user and/or organization to a specific application server  100 . In one embodiment, therefore, an interface system implementing a load balancing function (e.g., an F5 Big-IP load balancer) is communicably coupled between the application servers  100  and the user systems  12  and  12 ′ to distribute requests to the application servers  100 . In one embodiment, the load balancer uses a least connections algorithm to route user requests to the application servers  100 . Other examples of load balancing algorithms, such as round robin and observed response time, also can be used. For example, in certain embodiments, three consecutive requests from the same user could hit three different application servers  100 , and three requests from different users could hit the same application server  100 . In this manner, system  16  is multi-tenant, wherein system  16  handles storage of, and access to, different objects, data and applications across disparate users and organizations. 
     As an example of storage, one tenant might be a company that employs a sales force where each salesperson uses system  16  to manage their sales process. Thus, a user might maintain contact data, leads data, customer follow-up data, performance data, goals and progress data, etc., all applicable to that user&#39;s personal sales process (e.g., in tenant data storage  22 ). In an example of a MTS arrangement, since all of the data and the applications to access, view, modify, report, transmit, calculate, etc., can be maintained and accessed by a user system having nothing more than network access, the user can manage his or her sales efforts and cycles from any of many different user systems. For example, if a salesperson is visiting a customer and the customer has Internet access in their lobby, the salesperson can obtain critical updates as to that customer while waiting for the customer to arrive in the lobby. 
     While each user&#39;s data might be separate from other users&#39; data regardless of the employers of each user, some data might be organization-wide data shared or accessible by a plurality of users or all of the users for a given organization that is a tenant. Thus, there might be some data structures managed by system  16  that are allocated at the tenant level while other data structures might be managed at the user level. Because an MTS might support multiple tenants including possible competitors, the MTS should have security protocols that keep data, applications, and application use separate. Also, because many tenants may opt for access to an MTS rather than maintain their own system, redundancy, up-time, and backup are additional functions that may be implemented in the MTS. In addition to user-specific data and tenant-specific data, system  16  might also maintain system level data usable by multiple tenants or other data. Such system level data might include industry reports, news, postings, and the like that are sharable among tenants. 
     In certain embodiments, user systems  12  (which may be client systems) communicate with application servers  100  to request and update system-level and tenant-level data from system  16  that may require sending one or more queries to tenant data storage  22  and/or system data storage  24 . System  16  (e.g., an application server  100  in system  16 ) automatically generates one or more SQL statements (e.g., one or more SQL queries) that are designed to access the desired information. System data storage  24  may generate query plans to access the requested data from the database. 
     Similar to user systems  12 , in certain embodiments, user systems  12 ′ (which may be in-house client systems) communicate with application servers  100  to request and update system-level and tenant-level data from system  16  that may require sending one or more queries to tenant data storage  22  and/or system data storage  24 . System  16  (e.g., an application server  100  in system  16 ) automatically generates one or more SQL statements (e.g., one or more SQL queries) that are designed to access the desired information. System data storage  24  may generate query plans to access the requested data from the database. 
     Each database can generally be viewed as a collection of objects, such as a set of logical tables, containing data fitted into predefined categories. A “table” is one representation of a data object, and may be used herein to simplify the conceptual description of objects and custom objects according to the present invention. It should be understood that “table” and “object” may be used interchangeably herein. Each table generally contains one or more data categories logically arranged as columns or fields in a viewable schema. Each row or record of a table contains an instance of data for each category defined by the fields. For example, a CRM database may include a table that describes a customer with fields for basic contact information such as name, address, phone number, fax number, etc. Another table might describe a purchase order, including fields for information such as customer, product, sale price, date, etc. In some multi-tenant database systems, standard entity tables might be provided for use by all tenants. For CRM database applications, such standard entities might include tables for Account, Contact, Lead, and Opportunity data, each containing pre-defined fields. It should be understood that the word “entity” may also be used interchangeably herein with “object” and “table”. 
     In some multi-tenant database systems, tenants may be allowed to create and store custom objects, or they may be allowed to customize standard entities or objects, for example by creating custom fields for standard objects, including custom index fields. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/817,161, filed Apr. 2, 2004, entitled “Custom Entities and Fields in a Multi-Tenant Database System”, and which is hereby incorporated herein by reference, teaches systems and methods for creating custom objects as well as customizing standard objects in a multi-tenant database system. In certain embodiments, for example, all custom entity data rows are stored in a single multi-tenant physical table, which may contain multiple logical tables per organization. It is transparent to customers that their multiple “tables” are in fact stored in one large table or that their data may be stored in the same table as the data of other customers. 
     System Process Space 
       FIG. 3A  shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a tenant process  104  in process space  28 . Tenant process  104  may include QA application  302  with test repository tool  304 . Tenant process space  104  may further include other processes  306 . In other embodiments, tenant process space  104 , may not have all of the elements listed and/or may have other elements instead of or in addition to those listed. 
     QA application  302  is an application that allows software developers to track, place and store test cases in a QA test case repository. In one implementation, QA application  302  tracks both manual and automated test cases in the QA test case repository. A QA test case repository may be a database or a portion of a database containing previously run test cases, test case parameters, test case execution data, and/or descriptions of the test cases, according to one embodiment. A QA test case repository allows developers, development teams, and subsequent developers, to find, reference, and/or reuse test cases. QA application  302  may be used to track, place, and store test cases created to fix software bugs or test new features or functionality (which, for example, may have been added in response to user requests) in the QA test case repository. In an embodiment, QA application  302  may have a feature that allows developers to track the percentage of manual test cases versus automated test cases. By being able to track the percentage of manual test cases and automated test cases, developers can identify areas vulnerable to regression as a result of code changes. Regression is when errors and bugs believed to have been fixed in prior revisions reoccur after further code changes. QA application  302  may invoke or be incorporated within the database application (e.g., the OODBMS or RDBMS). 
     Test repository tool  304  (of QA application  302 ) allows developers to establish and view a hierarchy of test cases and execution data stored in a database. For example, a developer may create a new test case for testing whether electronic mail alerts are being sent when new electronic mail is received. In an embodiment, the developer may use test repository tool  304  to view the hierarchy of the QA test case repository to determine where to store the newly created electronic mail alert test case. For example, using test repository tool  304  the developer may store the electronic mail alert test case in a hierarchy level containing test cases related to electronic mail functionality. The QA test repository hierarchy allows developers to organize test cases and execution data so that the test cases can be quickly accessed and referenced whenever needed. In an embodiment, the hierarchy may be organized in a manner that facilitates the rapid updating, uploading, inserting, and/or accessing of test cases. For example, the hierarchy may group together test cases by creation date, execution date, upload date, functionality, etc. In an embodiment, test repository tool  304  may display to the user descriptive information about the test case in plain language. The plain language description may allow developers and non-technical individuals to quickly assess the intent, status and outcome of stored test cases. Additionally, test repository tool  304  may be used to alter and edit the hierarchy of the QA test case repository. For example, when creating or editing test cases, the user may be presented with a number of fields where a pre-existing hierarchy level may be selected, a pre-existing hierarchy level may be modified or edited, or a new hierarchy level may be created which better suits the test case. Alternatively, the user may select or be presented with a drop down menu allowing the user to modify, edit, or create hierarchy levels. Other processes  306  may contain other tenant processes, for example processes for enabling other tenant features and functionality. In other embodiments, any combination of the elements of  FIG. 3A  may be located in other parts of system  16  instead of process space  28 . 
       FIG. 3B  shows a block diagram of an embodiment of an in-house user system  12 ′. Similar to user system  12 , the processor system of  12 A′ may be any combination of one or more processors. Memory system  12 B′ may be any combination of one or more memory devices, short term, and/or long term memory. Input system  12 C′ may be any combination of input devices, such as one or more keyboards, mice, trackballs, scanners, cameras, and/or interfaces to networks. Output system  12 D′ may be any combination of output devices, such as one or more monitors, printers, and/or interfaces to networks. Memory system  12 B′ may include automatic update tool  308  and test automation suite  310 . Memory system  12 B′ may further include other data  312 . In other embodiments, user system  12 B′ may not have all of the elements listed and/or may have other elements instead of or in addition to those listed. 
     Automatic update tool  308  is a tool that automatically places test cases and test case execution data into the QA test case repository, preferably, at the proper hierarchy level. For example, the test case for the electronic mail alert example described above may be subjected to automated testing, resulting in numerous test executions. In one implementation, invoking automatic update tool  308  before executing the automated testing results in the automatic “upserting” of the test case and associated execution data to the test repository. Performing an “upsert” involves inserting the test case and its execution data into the QA test case repository. Upserting can be done when a prior version of the test case does not exist in the repository. Alternatively, upserting can update execution data when a prior test case version already exists in the repository. In an embodiment, updating the execution data when a prior test case version and/or execution already exists does not overwrite previous execution data. In an embodiment, when a test case version and/or execution data already exists, new data is added to the file and/or record containing the previous data. In another embodiment, a new file and/or subfolder is added to the folder or record for the test case. In one implementation, automatic update tool  308  may be used to upload and update the test case execution data at any time before or after executing automated testing. Note that while automatic update tool  308  is described as placing, updating, and uploading the test case to the QA test repository, automatic update tool  308  sends a request to initiate the placing, updating, and uploading. In response to the request, QA application  302  automatically handles the test repository action request. 
     In an embodiment, automatic update tool  308  may be invoked via a control on a webpage. For example, the user may be presented with a webpage that allows the user to select the use of automatic update tool  308  via a checkbox or button that is located on the webpage. Alternatively, automatic update tool  308  may be invoked via a command line. For example, the user may access a command line and type in the commands necessary to invoke automatic update tool  308 . In an embodiment, the user may be given a choice whether to invoke automatic update tool  308  via webpage or a command line. 
     In one implementation, automatic update tool  308  simplifies the test case uploading and updating process because it provides the capability to automatically extract test case attributes from the test cases. The test case attributes can facilitate automatically updating and/or uploading to the proper test case repository hierarchy level. In an embodiment, automatic update tool  308  may need only a single test case attribute, such as the hierarchy level attribute, to update and upload the test case data to the QA test case repository. However, with only a hierarchy level attribute, the descriptive information stored with the test case in the test case repository might be less informative to subsequent users. In an embodiment, automatic update tool  308  may use a relatively small number of attributes (e.g., just 4 test case attributes) to update and upload to the QA test case repository. For example, the test case attributes used may include subject, description, associated user story and hierarchy level. A user story is a software requirement captured in common vernacular (e.g., “plain English” or natural language) usually in the form of a sentence. In an embodiment, automatic update tool  308  gives test authors the ability to reuse common attributes shared by tests within the same class instead of having to re-enter the information. For example, a new test case which is a modified version of an older test case may inherit the attributes of the older test case without the need for the test author to specify the attributes. In an embodiment, the extracted attributes are used by automatic update tool  308  to generate a unique ID, which is used as a unique external key to update and upload to the QA test repository. In an embodiment, the extracted user story is sent to QA application  302 , which returns a unique ID associated with the user story which is used to update and upload to the QA test repository. In an embodiment, the descriptive information displayed by test repository tool  304  may include the test case subject, description, associated user story, and hierarchy level. In alternative embodiments, other attributes may be used. Note that the term attribute as used in this application is generic to both a database key and its ordinary dictionary definition, which would include a feature and/or characteristic of a test case. 
     To illustrate how attributes are used, consider the example attributes mentioned above (e.g. subject, description, associated user story, and hierarchy level attributes). The subject of the test case can be a brief one-sentence representation of the test case. For example, the subject for the electronic mail alert described previously might be “Test For Electronic Mail Alert” or “Electronic Mail Alert Notification Test.” The description of the test case may be a detailed plain language explanation of the purpose and functionality of the test case. For example, the plain language description of the electronic mail alert test case may be “Create list 1  of users that should receive email alert, create list 2  of users that should not receive email alert. Run useralert routine to identify which users are to receive email alert. Run sendalert routine to send alert to list 1  users. Verify whether email alert was successfully sent to list 1  users. Verify email alert was not sent to list 2  users.” In an embodiment, test repository tool  304  displays the subject and description of the test case such that developers and non-technical individuals can quickly determine the essence of the test case. The user story was briefly explained above (as a reminder, user story is a software requirement described in common vernacular). An example of a user story may be, “As an electronic mail user I want to receive email alerts when there is new mail so that I can be more responsive to customers needs.” The user story of the test case refers to a user story name or user story ID. Each user story is given a unique user story name or user story ID to uniquely identify it from other user stories. For example, the user story name for the electronic mail alert test case may be “Contacts: Email Alert”. In an embodiment, a user story ID may be in the form of a 15-character ID or an 18-character ID, for example, a01T00000033iZrIAI. In an alternative implementations, the user story ID may be generated in a different way. The test case hierarchy level designates where the test case is to be updated and/or uploaded to within the test case repository. In an embodiment, the hierarchy used in the test case repository may include a classification system having several classes and each class may have several subclasses. Optionally, the subclasses may be divided into further subclasses of subclasses. In an embodiment, the name of the class may be followed by a dot (or another predetermined character) followed by the name of the subclass and/or test case. Optionally, each level or further sub-classification may be separated from the class/subclass below/test case by a dot. For example, in a two level hierarchy, in which the email alert test case is contained in the class “Contacts”, the hierarchy level for the email alert test case might be in the form “Contacts.Email Alerts” or in a three level hierarchy in which contacts is a subclass of the class “Communications” might be “Communications.Contacts.Email Alerts.” 
     Automatic update tool  308  may extract the necessary attributes for uploading and updating the QA test repository from a number of different sources. For example, automatic update tool  308  may extract the attributes from a comment, the comment being text within a portion of the test source code that is ignored by a compiler. A comment is inserted by the developer and can be used to explain and describe the source code, the intent of the developer, what the source code attempts to accomplish, and/or for general documentation purposes. In an embodiment, automatic update tool  308  may extract the attributes from a comment contained at the test method level or the class level (the class level in which the test method is defined or any higher hierarchical class the test method belongs to, because of inheritance), or both. For example, if the test case is implemented as a JAVA class, automatic update tool  308  may extract the attributes from a class level JavaDoc comment. The comment is distinguished from the source code by a delimiter, which can vary depending upon the programming language used. For example, some programming languages may use “/*”, “!”, or “#” as a delimiter. The following illustrates a JavaDoc comment beginning with a begin comment delimiter /** and ending with delimiter */. 
     
       
         
               
             
           
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 /** 
               
               
                 *Test for new electronic mail alert. Test determines whether the user 
               
               
                 *notification flag is set when new email is received. 
               
               
                 *@hierarchy Contacts.New Email Alerts 
               
               
                 *@userStory a01T00000033iZrIAI 
               
               
                 */ 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     In an embodiment, automatic update tool  308  extracts the subject of the test case from the comment. For example, in the JavaDoc comment above, the first sentence “Test for new electronic mail alert” is extracted by automatic update tool  308  and becomes the subject of the test case. In an embodiment, automatic update tool  308  may also extract the test case description from the comment. For example, in the JavaDoc comment above, the second sentence is distinguished by a sentence break in the form of a period and is extracted as the test case description. In other embodiments, other characters or markers are used to distinguish between different attributes, such as line breaks, semicolons, and/or commas. The distinguishing of the second sentence results in an extracted test case description of “Test determines whether the user notification flag is set when new email is received.” In an embodiment, if the first sentence extracted for the test case subject (or another attribute such as the case description) is longer than a preset character allotment, the subject will be truncated at the end of the last word that fits within the preset character allotment. In one implementation, subsequent words and sentences get prefixed to the test case description. 
     In an embodiment, automatic update tool  308  extracts the user story and hierarchy level from the comment by using identifying tags. A tag is an indicator that identifies to automatic update tool  308  what immediately follows is to be extracted. A tag also informs the developer what the immediately following value represents. In an embodiment, a tag may be indicated by using the @ symbol followed by a descriptive name of the value to be extracted. For example, in the JavaDoc comment above, the tags @userstory and @hierarchy precede the user story and hierarchy data values extracted by automatic update tool  308 . In an alternative embodiment, a tag may be indicated by using the @ symbol and a non-descriptive name. For example, @nondescriptive 1  or @anything could be used as tags. In an embodiment, tags may be indicated by using any designated convention for denoting a tag. For example, {Tag 1 }, [USERSTORY], +anothertag+, &amp;userstory, &lt;attributetag&gt;, etc., may all be designated conventions for denoting a tag. 
     Automatic update tool  308  may also extract attributes from test automation suite  310  and/or a test inventory file. Test automation suite  310  is an application containing scripts for executing test cases. In an embodiment, test automation suite  310  allows the developer to use the scripts to execute automated test cases to determine whether the test cases function as expected. Depending on whether the automated test case executions result in expected outcomes, the test cases may pass or fail. The use of the scripts of test automation suite  310  allows the developer to automatically execute test cases multiple times. In an embodiment, test automation suite  310  may contain a test inventory file. The test inventory file is a file containing a catalog of test classes used by test automation suite  310  to run tests for new features or functionality. In an embodiment, a test class may have one or more test methods, and each test method maps to one or more test cases in the repository. In an embodiment, there is a one to one correspondence of test method to test case, which may simplify troubleshooting. For example, if one test method maps to ten test cases, it may take longer to diagnose and/or correct a problem as compared to a test method mapping to one test case, as the test methods become large and complex. In an embodiment, all fields that are permitted in class level test case documentation are permissible in the test inventory file. For example, the catalog of test classes in the inventory file may contain the hierarchy level and user story attributes used for updating and uploading the test case to the QA test repository. In an embodiment, automatic update tool  308  gives precedence to attributes extracted closest to the test method. Attributes which are closer or local to the test method are more relevant and given a higher priority than other attributes. For example, if the necessary attributes for uploading are provided at the test method level, then attributes provided at the class level and/or inventory level may be ignored. 
     If any attributes required by automatic update tool  308  to update and upload to the test repository are missing from either the test cases, the test automation suite  310 , or the test inventory file, automatic upload tool  308  may extract the missing attributes from any combination of the test case, test automation suite  310 , and/or the test inventory file. For example, in an embodiment, if the test inventory file does not contain the hierarchy level or user story attributes, the hierarchy level or user story attributes may be accessible in either a class level or a method level comment for automatic upload tool  308  to extract. Otherwise, in some implementations, the upload to the test repository may fail. In an embodiment, automatic upload tool  308  first extracts attributes from the test inventory file, then extracts the attributes at the class level, and then extracts attributes at the test method level. In an embodiment, attributes that are closer and/or local to the test method are more relevant than attributes provided at common and/or higher levels. For example, if attributes for all fields are provided at the test method level, everything at the class or inventory level will be ignored. Attributes contained at more then one level are extracted and stored with the values extracted closest to the test method level. In an embodiment, if an attribute required for automatic upload tool  308  is missing, automatic upload tool  308  may prompt the user for missing attributes. Upon receiving the missing attributes automatic upload tool  308  may then continue updating and uploading to the QA test repository. In an embodiment, automatic upload tool  308  tracks the results of the upload process in an output file, which can be used to identify data issues that may have resulted in validation failures (for example, referencing a non-existent user story, missing required data). 
     Automatic update tool  308  may optionally extract additional data identified by tags but which are not necessary to update and upload to the QA test repository. For example, automatic update tool  308  might optionally extract test case priority, test case owner, test case assignee, expected results, etc. The additional optional data gives developers that subsequently access the test repository a more complete understanding of the test case. In an embodiment, automatic upload tool  308  may extract attributes used to update and upload to a QA test repository from test cases documented using JAVA annotations. In an alternative embodiment, automatic upload tool  308  may extract attributes used to update and upload to the test repository from test cases documented in other software languages. In an alternative embodiment, test repository tool  304  and automatic update tool  308  may be different functions of the same tool. 
     Memory system  12 B′ of user system  12 ′ may also include test automation suite  310 . As described previously, test automation suite  310  allows the developer to test new automated test cases to determine whether the test cases function as expected. In an alternative embodiment, test automation suite  310  may include automatic update tool  308 . In an alternative embodiment, automatic update tool  308  may include test automation suite  310 . Other data  312  may contain other software programs for performing other QA functions, for example running and executing test cases manually. In other embodiments, any of combination of the elements of  FIG. 3  may be located in other parts of system  16  instead of process space  28 . 
     Tenant Data Storage 
       FIG. 4  shows a block diagram of an embodiment of tenant data storage  22 . Tenant data storage  22  may include test case repository  404 . Tenant data storage  22  may also include other data  406 . In other embodiments, tenant data storage  22  may not have all of the elements listed and/or may have other elements instead of or in addition to those listed. 
     Tenant data storage  22  was described in  FIGS. 1 and 2 . Tenant data storage  22  may also store different types of related tenant data. For example, other tenant application data and other tenant application execution data may be stored in tenant data storage  22 . Test case repository  404  is a collection that includes prior test cases that have been already previously run, test case documentation, and test execution data. For example, test case repository  404  may contain the electronic mail alert test case described above after having been automatically executed with test automation suite  310 . Test case repository  404  may also contain the documentation associated with the test case such as description of the test case, input, output, associated user story, hierarchy level, expected results, revision number, date created, owner, etc., and whether the test passed or failed. Other data  406  may include any other data saved on system  16 . For example, standard and custom user or third party applications, which may include CRM, may be stored in other data  406 . 
     System Side Method for Automatically Updating QA Test Case Repository 
       FIG. 5  shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a system side method for automatically updating and uploading to a test case repository. In step  502 , QA application  302  may receive a request to automatically update and upload test case data to the test case repository. For example, QA application  302  may receive a request to automatically update and upload to the test case repository from a user system. 
     In step  504 , QA application  302  may receive test case attributes and test case and execution data from a user system. 
     In step  506 , QA application  302  determines the appropriate place in the QA test repository for the test case and execution data, for example, where in the hierarchy the test case and execution data should be stored. In an embodiment, the extracted test case hierarchy data received by QA application  302  may be used to find the appropriate class and subclass where the test case belongs. For example, in order to place a test case having a hierarchy level Communications.Contacts.New Email Alerts into a hierarchy having three levels, QA application  302  first searches for the class Communications. After finding the Communications class, QA application  302  then searches for subclass Contacts within the class Communications. After finding the Contacts subclass, QA application  302  places New Email Alerts into subclass Contacts within class Communications. In an embodiment, automatic update tool  308  may use the generated unique external key to update and upload to the test repository. 
     In step  508 , QA application  302  determines whether previous test case executions of the test case being updated and uploaded, exist in the QA test case repository. If previous test executions of the test case being updated and/or uploaded do exist, step  510  is performed. If previous test executions of the test case being updated or uploaded do not exist, step  510  is skipped and step  512  is performed. 
     In step  510 , prior test executions of the test case being updated and uploaded exist, and the QA test repository is update with the latest test case version and execution data. 
     In step  512 , prior test executions of the test being updated and uploaded do not exist, and the test case and execution data are inserted into the QA test repository. 
     In step  514 , notification is sent to the user system indicating the status of the uploading and updating of the test case and associated execution data to the QA test repository. 
     In an embodiment, each of the steps of method  500  is a distinct step. In another embodiment, although depicted as distinct steps in  FIG. 5 , steps  502 - 514  may not be distinct steps. In other embodiments, method  500  may not have all of the above steps and/or may have other steps in addition to, or instead of, those listed above. The steps of method  500  may be performed in another order. Subsets of the steps listed above as part of method  500  may be used to form their own method. 
     User Side Method for Automatically Updating QA Test Case Repository 
       FIG. 6  shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a user side method for automatically updating and uploading to a test case repository. In step  602 , the user sends a request to automatically update and upload to the QA test case repository. For example, the user may send the request by indicating on a webpage checkbox or button selection, the use of automatic update tool  308 . 
     In step  604 , the user runs the automated scripts stored in test automation suite  310  that executes the test case which is to be uploaded to or updated in the QA test case repository. In step  606 , the user is notified of the progress or result of the test case execution(s). 
     In step  608 , automatic upload tool  308  accesses the automated test case, test automation suite  310 , the inventory file for test automation suite  310 , or any combination of sources required to extract the test case attributes needed to update and upload to the test case repository. 
     In step  610 , automatic upload tool  308  extracts the test case attributes necessary to update and upload to the test case repository. As explained above, automatic upload tool  308  may extract the attributes from any combination of the test case, the test automation suite, or the test automation inventory file. The attributes extracted may include subject, description, user story, and hierarchy. 
     In step  612 , the extracted test case attributes, test case, and associated execution data are sent to the QA test case repository for uploading and updating. In step  614 , the user system is notified of the results of the upload and update process to the QA test case repository. 
     In an embodiment, each of the steps of method  600  is a distinct step. In another embodiment, although depicted as distinct steps in  FIG. 5 , steps  602 - 614  may not be distinct steps. In other embodiments, method  600  may not have all of the above steps and/or may have other steps in addition to, or instead of, those listed above. The steps of method  600  may be performed in another order. Subsets of the steps listed above as part of method  600  may be used to form their own method. 
     Method for Using the Environment ( FIGS. 1 and 2 ) 
       FIG. 7  shows a flowchart of an example of a method  700  of using environment  10 . In step  710 , user system  12  ( FIGS. 1 and 2 ) establishes an account. In step  712 , one or more tenant process space  104  ( FIG. 2 ) are initiated on behalf of user system  12 , which may also involve setting aside space in tenant space  112  ( FIG. 2 ) and tenant data  114  ( FIG. 2 ) for user system  12 . Step  712  may also involve modifying application metadata to accommodate user system  12 . In step  714 , user system  12  uploads data. In step  716 , one or more data objects are added to tenant data  114  where the data uploaded is stored. In step  718 , the methods associated with  FIG. 5  and  FIG. 6  may be implemented. For example, in step  718 , QA application  302 , may receive a request to automatically upload and update the QA test repository via a webpage checkbox or button selecting the use of automatic update tool  308 . In response to the request, automatic update tool  308  may access and extract test case attributes used for inserting and/or updating to the QA test repository from the test case, automation suite  310 , or the test inventory file. Automatic update tool  308  may then determine the appropriate hierarchy for the extracted test case and execution data based on the extracted attributes, and insert and/or update the test case and execution data into the QA test case repository. In another embodiment, although depicted as distinct steps in  FIG. 7 , steps  702 - 718  may not be distinct steps. In other embodiments, method  700  may not have all of the above steps and/or may have other steps in addition to, or instead of, those listed above. The steps of method  700  may be performed in another order. Subsets of the steps listed above as part of method  700  may be used to form their own method. 
     Method for Creating the Environment ( FIGS. 1 and 2 ) 
       FIG. 8  is a method of making environment  10 , in step  802 , user system  12  ( FIGS. 1 and 2 ) is assembled, which may include communicatively coupling one or more processors, one or more memory devices, one or more input devices (e.g., one or more mice, keyboards, and/or scanners), one or more output devices (e.g., one more printers, one or more interfaces to networks, and/or one or more monitors) to one another. 
     In step  804 , system  16  ( FIGS. 1 and 2 ) is assembled, which may include communicatively coupling one or more processors, one or more memory devices, one or more input devices (e.g., one or more mice, keyboards, and/or scanners), one or more output devices (e.g., one more printers, one or more interfaces to networks, and/or one or more monitors) to one another. Additionally assembling system  16  may include installing application platform  18 , network interface  20 , tenant data storage  22 , system data storage  24 , system data  25 , program code  26 , process space  28 , UI  30 , API  32 , PL/SOQL  34 , save routine  36 , application setup mechanism  38 , applications servers  100   1 - 100   N , system process space  102 , tenant process spaces  104 , tenant management process space  110 , tenant space  112 , tenant data  114 , and application metadata  116  ( FIG. 2 ). 
     In step  806 , user system  12  is communicatively coupled to network  104 . In step  808 , system  16  is communicatively coupled to network  104  allowing user system  12  and system  16  to communicate with one another ( FIG. 2 ). In step  810 , one or more instructions may be installed in system  16  (e.g., the instructions may be installed on one or more machine readable media, such as computer readable media, therein) and/or system  16  is otherwise configured for performing the steps of methods associated with  FIG. 5  and  FIG. 6 . For example, QA application  302  may be installed in program space  26  of system  16 . In an embodiment, each of the steps of method  800  is a distinct step. In another embodiment, although depicted as distinct steps in  FIG. 8 , steps  802 - 810  may not be distinct steps. In other embodiments, method  800  may not have all of the above steps and/or may have other steps in addition to, or instead of, those listed above. The steps of method  800  may be performed in another order. Subsets of the steps listed above as part of method  800  may be used to form their own method. 
     Extensions and Alternatives 
     In an alternative embodiment, updating the QA test case repository may be performed based on any combination of subject, description, associated user story, and/or hierarchy level. For example, the update may be performed based on just the subject and the associated user story or based just on the hierarchy level. 
     In an alternative embodiment, tags are used to identify all of the attributes necessary for updating and uploading to the test repository. For example, instead of designating the first sentence as the subject of the test case and the second sentence as the description of the test case, automatic upload tool  308  extracts the subject and description after encountering the @subject and @description tags. 
     In an alternative embodiment, automatic upload tool  308  may extract attributes used to update and upload to the QA test case repository from multiple comments contained within the same test case. For example, automatic upload tool  308  may combine multiple comments (which may be located in a variety of places) within the test case to create a test case description. 
     In an alternative embodiment, automatic upload tool  308  may be located on application server  100 . In an alternative embodiment, automatic upload tool  308  may be located in tenant process space  28  and/or tenant process  104 . 
     Each embodiment disclosed herein may be used or otherwise combined with any of the other embodiments disclosed. Any element of any embodiment may be used in any embodiment. 
     While the invention has been described by way of example and in terms of the specific embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. To the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements as would be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the scope of the appended claims should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements.