Abstract:
A piezoelectric transducer assembly having improved impact resistance, stability, and higher quality pulse reproductions. The transducer assembly is not hard wired, but contains a spring contacting a piezoelectric disk with a cup operating as the electrical ground mechanism.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The use of piezoelectric transducers to measure, monitor and track various events is not new in the art. Currently, manufacturers are using magnetic Hall effect transducers, photo optic transducers, Light Emitting Diode transducers and the like to monitor gas pumps, automotive engines, or measure events taking place in manufacturing processes, and the like, where gas pumps are utilized, wherein most pumps in use today are air driven pumps. 
     Some pressure sensing applications in which piezoelectric transducers have been used are: the actual measurement of pressure; measuring impact forces through the use of accelerometers; use of microphones for recording or detection of sound; the generation of sounds and/or ultrasonic waves; and, the detection of passing automobiles or trains over strings of transducers. 
     The industry has used electronic feedback from operating pumps in some critical applications for a number of years. The feedback has been carried out in a number of ways. Traditionally, in gas operated pumps, at least one part typically reciprocates. Some pump manufacturers use electronically shifting shuttle valves within or attached to these pumps. Such shifting has been accomplished by a reciprocating portion of the pump being detected with a proximity transducer, or by a color-contrasting portion of a reciprocating part in the pump passing an electronic eye, which in turn sends an electronic signal to a shuttle valve. This movement in turn shifts the shuttle valve. 
     Other pump manufacturers have used both mechanical and solid-state pressure switches, which receive a blast of gas from valves inside the pump at the desired time of shuttle valve switching. The mechanical or solid-state pressure switch then translates the blast of gas into an electronic signal that is then sent on to the shuttle valve for operation of the shuttle valve. In addition, the electronic signals that are sent to the shuttle valve can and have been tapped by manufacturers to provide electronic signals to other apparati that monitor the pumps. These apparati include but are not limited to: cycle counting transducers, tachometers, overrun monitors, underrun monitors and personal computer systems which are embedded in tools which monitor pumps, among other things. 
     In every case, the use of such current equipment requires invasive transducer placement in the pump itself. This creates a situation where the parts placed in the interior of the pump cause contamination, or the parts are affected by the caustic, acid, or other destructive chemicals being handled by the pump. Such parts include, fox example, flow meters, mass transducers, and paddle wheel transducers, all of which are placed directly in the flow of the materials being handled by the pump. In the case of foods, such parts create situations wherein the food is contaminated by trace metals and other materials. Also, the placement of these parts in the interior of the pump creates a situation wherein the parts act as plugs or create plugs, or partial plugs, in the flow of the material being handled by the pump, and in addition, these parts are difficult to replace or repair. 
     In other situations, owing to the above stated problems, pump systems are not monitored at all and this leads to malfunctions in component parts of the manufacturing process and thus also leads to expensive downtime, cleanup and myriad other problems. In these situations, the only time that the pump is monitored is when there is a major malfunction that happens to be noticed by those monitoring the manufacturing process. The ultimate is when these problems cause the pump to stop completely, which often leads to human injury and equipment destruction. 
     Thus, it would be valuable to have a means of monitoring and/or controlling pumps and investigating automotive engine problems by a non-invasive transducer that would essentially eliminate all of the above-mentioned problems. 
     Transducers that are capable of monitoring and/or controlling by a non-invasive transducer can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 6,484,589, issued on Nov. 26, 2002; U.S. Pat. No. 6,609,416, issued on Aug. 26, 2003; U.S. Pat. No. 6,823,742 issued on Nov. 30, 2004; U.S. Pat. No. 7,040,149 issued on May 9, 2006, and U.S. Pat. No. 7,096,726 issued on Aug. 29, 2006. All of these deal with transducers that are hard wired and are susceptible to damage. These transducers do not provide the quality or the protection that the transducers of the instant invention do. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is full side view of a device  1  of this invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a full side view of an alternative threaded shaft for the device  1 . 
         FIG. 3  is a full bottom end view of the device  1  of this invention. 
         FIG. 4  is a full top end view of the device  1  of this invention. 
         FIG. 5  is a view of the upper assembly of a device  1  of this invention. 
         FIG. 6  is a top view of an O-ring useful in this invention. 
         FIG. 7  is a top view of a piezoelectric disk of this invention with the structural overlay. 
         FIG. 8  is a bottom view of the piezoelectric disk of this invention showing the conductive metal overlay. 
         FIG. 9  is a cross sectional full side view of the lower housing of this invention through line A-A of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 10  is a full side view of a coaxial connector with a spring attached. 
         FIG. 11  is a cross sectional full side view of a grounding cup of the inventive device through line A-A of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 12  is a full top view of the cup of  FIG. 11 . 
         FIG. 13  is a full side view of a nut used with the coaxial connector of  FIG. 10 . 
         FIG. 14  is a full top view of the nut of  FIG. 13 . 
         FIG. 15  is a cross sectional full side view of a stabilizer insert used in this invention. 
         FIG. 16  is a full top view of the stabilizer insert of  FIG. 15 . 
         FIG. 17  is a full cross sectional side view taken through line B-B of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 18  is an edge view of the piezoelectric assembly used in this invention. 
     
    
    
     THE INVENTION 
     This invention deals with a new and novel piezoelectric transducer assembly having improved impact resistance, stability, and higher quality pulse reproductions. 
     Thus, what is disclosed and claimed herein is a piezoelectric transducer assembly comprising an insertable transducer assembly comprising a housing having an upper segment and a lower segment. The upper and lower segments have a common opening running through them. 
     The upper segment has a top and the top is integrally surmounted by a shaft. The lower segment has a chamfered lower edge, a threaded outside surface, and a bottom surface, wherein the lower segment bottom surface contains a saucer-like depression. 
     There is a receiving transducer assembly comprising a housing having a top, an inside surface, a bottom and a first opening in the top. The first opening has a predetermined depth and a bottom surface, and the inside surface is threaded. The first opening bottom surface has a centered opening through it, and the opening leads into a recessed area in the bottom of the receiving transducer assembly. 
     There is located in the first opening in the top, a metal cup. The metal cup has a bottom and there is an opening in the bottom of the cup. There is located in the recessed area, with an end extending into and through the opening in the bottom of the cup, a threaded coaxial connector. The threaded coaxial connector has connected to the extended end, a metal spring. The opposite end of the metal spring extends into the cup, to, and exceeding, the top of the cup. 
     There is a stabilizer component located in the cup which surrounds the spring. The top of the cup is surmounted by a piezoelectric assembly, wherein the piezoelectric assembly is comprised of a first component which is a conductive metal component centered and layered on a bottom of a piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element has a structural component overlaid on the top of the piezoelectric component. The structural overlay is surmounted by an O-ring. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Turning now to the Figures, and especially  FIG. 1 , there is shown a device  1  of this invention.  FIG. 17  shows a full side view of the device  1  in cross section through line B-B of  FIG. 1 . 
     There is shown an insertable transducer assembly  3  having a housing  2  having an upper segment  4  and a lower segment  5 . The upper segment  4  and the lower segment  5  have a common opening  6  through them (see  FIG. 5  showing the opening  6  in phantom, and  FIG. 17 , showing the opening). The upper segment  4  has a shaft  7  extending from the top surface  8  and this shaft  7  is the means by which the pulsed air reaches the interior of the housing  2 . The shaft  7  is shown as a ribbed shaft for use with hoses and the like.  FIG. 2  illustrates a threaded shaft  7 ′ for use with threaded attachments. 
     The lower segment  5  has a chamfered edge  9  at the bottom surface  10 , a threaded outside surface  11 , and a saucer-like depression  12  in the bottom surface  10 . There is also shown an O-ring  13  interfacing with the chamfered edge  9 . 
     The insertable transducer assembly is manufactured from plastics and preferred are polyethylene, crosslinked polyethylene, and polypropylene. Most preferred is polypropylene. 
     There is a receiving transducer assembly  14  having a housing  15  in which the housing  15  has a top  16 , an inside surface  17 , a bottom  18 , and a first opening  19  in the top  16 . The first opening  19  has a predetermined depth and a bottom surface  20 . The inside surface  17  is threaded  21 . The first opening bottom surface  20  has a threaded, centered opening  22  in it and this opening  22  leads into a recessed area  23  in the bottom  18  of the receiving transducer assembly  14 . 
     There is located in the first opening  19  in the top  16 , a metal cup  24 . This metal cup  24  acts as the ground lead for the assembly  1 . The cup  24  has a bottom  25  and there is an opening  26  in the bottom  25  for the insertion of a threaded coaxial connector  27  to be described infra. 
     Located in the recessed area  23  is the threaded coaxial connector  27 . The threaded coaxial connector  27  has a threaded end  28  that threads into the opening  22  and extends into the cup  24 . This end  29  of the coaxial connector  27  has an electrical conductive metal spring  30  attached to it. Once the threaded coaxial connector  27  is inserted into the opening  22  and into the cup  24 , and tightened against an interior nut  31 , the tip  32  of the spring  30  extends just beyond the top edge  33  of the cup  24 . In this manner, when the assembly  1  is put together, the spring  30  is compressed slightly. 
     The receivable transducer assembly is manufactured from plastics and preferred are polyethylene, crosslinked polyethylene, and polypropylene. Most preferred is polypropylene. 
     There is a stabilizer component  34  that surrounds the spring  30 . This stabilizer component can be manufactured from any soft pliable material such as cardboard, paper, cotton or material/fabric, or foamed material. Preferred for this invention is foam.  FIGS. 15 and 16  illustrate the stabilizer component  34 . 
     The top edge  33  of the cup  24  is surmounted by a piezoelectric assembly  35  ( FIG. 18 ). The piezoelectric assembly  35  comprises a first component which is a conductive metal component  36  which is centered and layered on the bottom  37  of a piezoelectric element  38 . The piezoelectric element  38  has a structural overlay  39  on the top  40 . The structural overlay  39  is surmounted by an O-ring. 
     The conductive metal component  38  is formed of any metal that will conduct electricity. Preferred is copper metal. The structural overlay  39  stabilizes the piezoelectric element  38  from over bending when pulses arrive through the opening  5  and impact on the piezoelectric element  38 . Such materials can be thin tapes having fiber filling, or the like. 
     It is contemplated within the scope of this invention to optionally use an O-ring between the insertable transducer assembly and the receiving transducer assembly.