Abstract:
An irrigation system is disclosed that includes a variable nozzle control assembly disposed or coupled to the outer-most end of the structure of a self-propelled mechanized irrigation system. The variable nozzle control assembly may be configured to control the output water/applicant as a function of the mechanized irrigation system&#39;s location in the field. As the mechanized irrigation system travels an irrigation path, the variable nozzle control assembly may dynamically change the angle, trajectory, pressure, gallons per minute (GPM) flow (flow capacity) of the water and/or applicant released from the outer most end of the mechanized irrigation structure to provide sufficient irrigational coverage to the land.

Description:
CLAIM OF PRIORITY 
       [0001]    This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/752,049, filed Jan. 14, 2013, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    Modern day agriculture has become increasingly efficient in the past century and this trend must continue in order to produce a sufficient food supply for the increasing world population. A notable advancement in agricultural production was the introduction of mechanized irrigation systems, such as the center pivot and the linear move irrigation systems. These irrigation systems make it possible to irrigate entire fields, and reduce a crop yield&#39;s vulnerability to extreme weather conditions. The ability to monitor and to control the amount of water and/or nutrients (applicants) applied to an agricultural field has increased the amount of farmable acres in the world and increases the likelihood of a profitable crop yield. These irrigation systems typically include a control device configured to furnish a user interface allowing the operator to monitor and control one or more functions or operations of the irrigation system. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0003]    An irrigation system is disclosed that includes a variable nozzle control assembly disposed or coupled to the outer-most end of the structure of a self-propelled mechanized irrigation system. The variable nozzle control assembly may be configured to control the output water/applicant as a function of the mechanized irrigation system&#39;s location in the field. As the mechanized irrigation system travels an irrigation path, the variable nozzle control assembly may dynamically change the angle, trajectory, pressure, gallons per minute (GPM) flow of the water and/or applicant released from the outer most end of the mechanized irrigation structure to provide sufficient irrigational coverage to the land. 
         [0004]    This Summary is provided solely to introduce subject matter that is fully described in the Detailed Description and Drawings. Accordingly, the Summary should not be considered to describe essential features nor be used to determine scope of the claims. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0005]    The detailed description is described with reference to the accompanying figures. In the figures, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identifies the figure in which the reference number first appears. The use of the same reference numbers in different instances in the description and the figures may indicate similar or identical items. 
           [0006]    The numerous advantages of the present disclosure may be better understood by those skilled in the art by reference to the accompanying figures in which: 
           [0007]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a center pivot irrigation system; 
           [0008]      FIG. 2  is a perspective view of an overhang assembly of a center pivot irrigation system including a variable nozzle control assembly in accordance with an example implementation of the present disclosure; 
           [0009]      FIG. 3  is a block diagram of the variable nozzle control assembly in accordance with an example implementation of the present disclosure; 
           [0010]      FIG. 4  is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling applicant dispersal in accordance with an example implementation of the present disclosure; 
           [0011]      FIG. 5  is an example of a user-defined table for applicant distribution range versus machine position in accordance with an example implementation of the present disclosure; 
           [0012]      FIG. 6  is a block diagram of the variable nozzle control assembly in accordance with another example implementation of the present disclosure; 
           [0013]      FIG. 7  is a perspective view of the applicant distribution of a center pivot equipped with an end gun; 
           [0014]      FIG. 8  is a perspective view of the applicant distribution of a linear mechanized irrigation system equipped with an end gun; and 
           [0015]      FIG. 9  is a perspective view of a center pivot and linear irrigation system equipped with a variable nozzle control assembly according to the present disclosure. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0016]    Self-propelled mechanized irrigation systems have become an essential component in present day commercial agriculture since their introduction over sixty years ago. The first irrigation systems suffered from many mechanical and design shortcomings that have resulted in many improvements throughout their existence. One notable improvement in the art was the introduction and development of end guns. These designs applied water and applicants to areas beyond the end of the main mechanized irrigation structure. However, even with these advancements, areas of the field remained beyond the range of the prior art, leaving crops without access to the water, fertilizers, herbicides, or pesticides being applied, therefore resulting in sub-optimal crop health and growth. 
         [0017]    There are many benefits that may be obtained by overcoming this shortcoming in the prior art, including, but not limited to: increased yields, increased disease and pest control, and increased acreage in production. Therefore, a need exists in the art for an irrigation system with a water distribution assembly affixed to the outer end of the structure to provide for the application of water, fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides to areas beyond the reach of the prior art. 
         [0018]      FIG. 1  illustrates a self-propelled (e.g., mechanized) irrigation system (assembly) in accordance with example implementations of the present disclosure. Examples of self-propelled irrigation systems include a center pivot irrigation system, a linear move irrigation system, or the like.  FIG. 1  illustrates an embodiment of the present disclosure where the irrigation system  10  is a center pivot irrigation system. However, it is contemplated that the present disclosure may be implemented in other self-propelled irrigation systems (e.g., linear move irrigation systems).  FIG. 1  illustrates an embodiment of the present disclosure where the irrigation system  10  is a center pivot irrigation system. The irrigation system  10  includes a conduit  11  (e.g., a pipe or a boom) that extends outwardly from a center pivot structure  12 . The conduit  11  is comprised of a plurality of pipe sections joined together in an end-to-end relationship, which are supported upon a plurality of drive units  13 . Each drive unit  13  may include a drive motor  14  for propelling the wheels  15  of the corresponding drive unit  13 . In an implementation, the drive motor  14  comprises an electric motor. The drive motor  14  may be configured to cause the irrigation system  10  to be driven in a forward direction or a reverse direction. Typically, the machine alignment of the irrigation system  10  is maintained by a mechanical linkage at each drive unit span joint, which operates a micro-switch that starts and stops the electric motor on the drive unit  13  to keep in line with the next span. The last drive unit of the irrigation system  10  is designated by reference numeral  16 . In some implementations, a cantilevered boom  17 , (e.g., an overhang assembly  17 ) extends outwardly form the last drive unit  16  and includes an end gun  18  mounted thereon that, when actuated, irrigates areas outside the area covered by the conduits  11  between the center pivot structure  12  and the last drive unit  13 . 
         [0019]    A speed control  19  is typically mounted on the last drive unit  16  and is configured to control the speed of the drive unit  16 . Typically, the speed control  19  is a percent timer. The speed control  19  may also be a variable speed drive or other speed control device that is connected to the drive motor  14  coupled to the last drive unit  16 . 
         [0020]    The irrigation system  10  also includes a position sensor, which may comprise an angle sensor  20  mounted at the center pivot structure  12  or a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver mounted on or near the last drive unit  16 . The angle sensor  20  is configured to facilitate determination of the rotational position of the irrigation system  10 . 
         [0021]    A computer control panel  21  may be mounted on the center pivot structure  12 . In an example implementation, the computer control panel comprises a processor, memory communicatively coupled to the processor, and/or communication components configured to interface with one or more components of the irrigation system  10 . The computer control panel facilitates control of a variety of irrigation system machine functions including, but not limited to: a motor speed parameter associated with the irrigation system  10 , an approximate ground speed parameter associated with the irrigation system  10 , a direction parameter associated with the irrigation system  10 , a diagnostic parameter associated with the irrigation system  10 , whether the applicant is being supplied to the irrigation system  10  (e.g., whether the fluid displacement device is operational), whether the Stop in Slot (SIS) is powered on or off, an applicant pressure associated with the irrigation system  10 , a time parameter, a date parameter, a field position parameter of the irrigation system components, end-gun status, and whether the programs (e.g., software programs, etc.) are running properly. The computer control panel may be connected to the angle sensor  20  and speed control  19 , which in turn is connected to drive  14 . The computer control panel  21  may also be configured to receive user defined inputs. 
         [0022]    In more detail, referring to  FIG. 2 , the overhang assembly  17  includes an end gun  18  that comprises a variable nozzle control assembly  200  mounted (e.g., coupled) to a conduit of the overhang assembly  17 . The variable nozzle control assembly  200  is configured to control a water/applicant as a function of the irrigation system&#39;s  10  position or location (e.g., a function of the irrigation system&#39;s position within the field). 
         [0023]    In further detail, referring to  FIG. 3 , the variable nozzle control assembly  200  may include a nozzle controller  300 , a power supply  302 , a monitor  304 , such as the Task Force Tips Tornado Y2-T11A or the Elkhart Brass Sidewinder EXM, and an automatic nozzle  306 , such as the Task Force Tips MaxMatic MD-18A or the Elkhart Brass X-Stream SM-1000E, or the like, and a telemetry component  308 . The telemetry component  308  is configured to furnish data from control panel  21  to the nozzle controller  300 . In a specific implementation, the telemetry component  308  comprises a power line carrier. However, in other implementations, the telemetry component may comprise (but is not limited to): a serial bus, a spread spectrum radio, a VHF radio, a UHF radio, or the like. The power supply  302  is configured to supply sufficient power to the telemetry component  308 , the nozzle controller  300 , the monitor  304 , and the automatic nozzle  306 . 
         [0024]    As shown, the telemetry component  308  is communicatively coupled to the nozzle controller  300  and is configured to furnish data to the nozzle controller  300 . For example, the telemetry component  308  is communicatively coupled to the control panel  21  of the irrigation system  10 . Thus, the telemetry component  308  may be configured to supply positional data to the nozzle controller  300  from control panel  21 . The control panel  21  is configured to receive positional data that represents the position of the irrigation system  10  from the position sensor (e.g., angle sensor  21 , GPS receiver). The monitor  304  is configured to adjust the vertical and/or horizontal alignment of the nozzle  306  based upon commands furnished by the nozzle controller  300 , and the automatic nozzle  306  is configured to adjust the nozzle settings based upon commands furnished by the nozzle controller  300 . As described in greater detail herein, the nozzle controller  300  includes one or more subroutines, when executed, that cause adjustment of the nozzle  306  and/or adjustment of the vertical/horizontal alignment of the monitor  304  as a function of the position of the irrigation system  10  (e.g., corresponding position within the field). Thus, the nozzle controller  300  is configured to control an output water angle, trajectory, pressure, and/or flow capacity (e.g., measured in gallons per minute (GPM)) as a function of the irrigation system&#39;s location and/or position within the field to be irrigated. 
         [0025]    As shown in  FIG. 3 , the nozzle controller  300  includes a processor  310 , a memory  312  communicatively coupled to the processor  310 , and one or more output drivers  314 . The memory  312  is configured to store one or more software programs (e.g., software modules). The memory  312  is an example of tangible computer-readable media that provides storage functionality to store various data associated with the operation of the nozzle controller  300 , such as software programs/modules and code segments mentioned herein, or other data to instruct the processor  312  to perform the steps described herein. For example, the memory  312  includes one or more subroutines configured to control the variable nozzle control assembly  200  (e.g., control an applicant output as a function of the position of the irrigation system  10 ). The output drivers  314  comprise device drivers that are configured to operate, or control, the monitor  304  and the automatic nozzle  306 . 
         [0026]    In further detail,  FIG. 4  illustrates a method  400  for controlling the variable nozzle control assembly  200 . In use, the nozzle controller  300  may include a user-defined table (illustrated in  FIG. 5 ) indicating the desired water distribution range based on the current position of the irrigation system  10  and the current horizontal alignment (e.g., horizontal angle) of the monitor  304 . In an implementation of the present disclosure, the desired water distribution range is based upon the current position within the field of the irrigation system  10  and the current horizontal alignment (e.g., angle) of the monitor  304 . In operation, the computer control panel  21  transmits (by way of the telemetry component  308 ) the current position to the nozzle controller  300  of the variable nozzle control assembly  200 . Thus, the current position of the irrigation system is read (e.g., received, determined, etc.) (Block  402 ). As shown in  FIG. 4 , the current horizontal angle setting of the monitor is determined (Block  404 ). For example, the nozzle controller  300  determines the current horizontal angle setting of the monitor  304 . The appropriate (e.g., corresponding) vertical angle setting is determined (e.g., looked-up) (Block  406 ). For example, the nozzle controller  300  determines the corresponding vertical angle settings based upon the current horizontal angle settings and the current position of the irrigation system  10 . 
         [0027]    As shown in  FIG. 4 , the appropriate nozzle setting is determined (e.g., looked-up) (Block  408 ). For example, the nozzle controller  300  is configured to look-up the corresponding nozzle setting, which controls the flow capacity (e.g., measured in gallons per minute) of the applicant supplied by the variable nozzle assembly  200  (see  FIG. 5 ). For example, the flow capacity is controlled by an adjustment of the nozzle. The adjustment of the nozzle may alter the dispersal of the application (e.g., adjust the pattern setting of the nozzle). The appropriate (e.g., corresponding) vertical settings for the monitor and the appropriate (e.g., corresponding) nozzle settings are set (Block  410 ). In a specific implementation, the nozzle controller  300  (e.g., sub-routines, of software program, is executed to cause the monitor  304  to transition to the appropriate vertical setting and cause the automatic nozzle  306  to transition to the appropriate nozzle setting to adjust the flow capacity) sets the vertical angle of the monitor  304  and the nozzle setting of the automatic nozzle  306  based upon the desired applicant range for the current horizontal angle of the monitor  304 . The nozzle controller  300  is configured to cause the monitor  304  to rotate a set number of degrees (e.g., one hundred and eighty (180) degrees, etc.) along the horizontal plane and sets the vertical angle of the monitor  304  and the setting of the automatic nozzle for every degree along the horizontal plane to achieve the desired range relative to (e.g., as a function of) the position of the main irrigation system  10  to apply applicant (e.g., water and other applicants) from the end of the overhang assembly  17  to the desired range along the degrees of the arc. As shown in  FIG. 4 , a determination is made of whether the nozzle controller  300  has cycled through all the set horizontal degrees with respect to the current position of the irrigation system  10  (Determination Block  412 ). If the set degrees have not been cycled through (NO from Determination Block  412 ), the monitor (monitor  304 ) is rotated a set number of degrees in the appropriate horizontal direction (Block  414 ). If the set degrees have been cycled through (YES from Determination Block  412 ), the current position of the irrigation system is determined (e.g., read, re-determined) (Block  402 ). It is understood that set degree includes whole degree values (e.g., one degree, five degrees, ten degrees, etc.) and fractionalized values (e.g., sub-sets) of degree values (e.g., one-half of a degree, one-fourth of a degree, etc.) 
         [0028]    In further detail,  FIG. 6  illustrates another implementation of the present disclosure in which the variable nozzle control assembly  200  is not in communication with the computer control panel  21  and, therefore, the irrigation system  10  may not include a telemetry component. Instead, the variable nozzle control assembly  200  is in direct communications with the position sensor. In a specific implementation, the variables described within the table of  FIG. 5  may be manually programmed (e.g., stored in memory  312 ) into the nozzle controller  300  via a user allowing the variable nozzle control assembly  200  to operate as described above. This implementation may be desirable to allow retrofitting of the present disclosure to existing mechanized irrigation systems  10 . 
         [0029]    The advantages of the present disclosure may include, without limitation, the ability to apply water and/or applicants up to one hundred (100%) of the desired locations in the field.  FIG. 7  illustrates the irrigated and un-irrigated areas of a center pivot mechanized irrigation system  10  outfitted with an end gun.  FIG. 8  illustrates the irrigated and un-irrigated areas of a linear mechanized irrigation system  10  outfitted with an end gun. 
         [0030]    The advantages of the present disclosure are illustrated in  FIG. 9 , where water and/or applicants may be applied up to one hundred percent (100%) of the desired locations in the field. It is contemplated that in some implementations, the uniformity of the application may not be adversely affected by distance to the field boundary. 
         [0031]    While the foregoing written description of the disclosure enables one of ordinary skill to make and use what is considered presently to be the best mode thereof, those of ordinary skill will understand and appreciate the existence of variations, combinations, and equivalents of the specific embodiment, method, and examples herein. The disclosure should therefore not be limited by the above described embodiment, method, and examples, but by all embodiments and methods within the scope and spirit of the disclosure.