Abstract:
An improved combination of a powered combine carrying a combine grain bin for housing harvested grain and a towed grain cart carrying a grain cart bin for housing harvested grain includes improved harvested grain transfer between the combine grain bin and the grain cart bin and improved off-loading of harvested grain from the combination. A generally horizontally disposed first grain movement assembly is pivotally connected within the combine grain bin and pivotally connected within the grain cart bin and disposed for reciprocally transporting grain between the combine grain bin and the grain cart bin. A generally vertically disposed second grain movement assembly is cooperatively operable with the first grain movement assembly for transferring grain from the grain cart bin to the first grain movement assembly and thence to the combine grain bin. An off-loading grain movement assembly is disposed for off-loading grain only from the combine grain cart.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
         [0001]    None  
         STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH  
         [0002]    Not applicable.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0003]    The present invention generally relates to combines that pull an integrated powered and steerable grain trailer for extra storage capacity, and more particularly to a grain handling assembly therefor.  
           [0004]    Modern grain combines, such as are used to harvest corn, wheat, soybeans, etc., and corn pickers, have significantly increased their throughput capability. These increases have resulted from improvements such as wider cutting heads and increased number of row units per machine in the case of row crops such as corn. The threshing and grain separating capacity of the machines has increased in parallel by building larger machines with higher horsepower engines.  
           [0005]    Concomitant therewith, the number of acres in the average North American farm has increased dramatically with crop fields becoming larger and longer. Fields with a row length of one-half mile have become quite common.  
           [0006]    The result of these simultaneous trends is that the amount of harvested crop or clean grain produced in one round or two lengths of the field has increased dramatically. The harvested grain must be carried along by the harvesting system until the end of the field is reached where it is transferred into a bulk transportation vehicle such as a truck (tractor-trailer or semi) or wagon. Combines have an onboard grain hopper in which to store the harvested grain until the end of the field has been reached. Seed corn pickers typically pull a trailer or wagon, or a truck is driven along side them to receive the grain.  
           [0007]    Due to increased combine throughput and long fields, virtually no combine commercially available today has sufficient capacity in its on-board hopper to store the corn harvested during one round of an 80 acre field or a field which is one-half mile in length with the crop yields typically found in the U.S. corn belt. The on-board primary storage hoppers are limited in capacity by the physical size of the machine and the total weight of the combine with a full hopper, which can be carried on 2 axles or 2 tracks in some cases.  
           [0008]    Farmers and farm equipment manufacturers have addressed this problem by developing intermediate transport grain carts or trailers, which are pulled by a separate tractor and operator. The grain cart/tractor combination is stationed at the opposite end of the field from the road transport (bulk storage) vehicle or along the length of the field to receive the grain from the combine when its primary hopper is full and before the combine reaches the end of the field where the road transport vehicle is located. The traditional grain cart has self-unloading capability usually in the form of an auger, conveyor, or side hydraulic dump mechanism, which receives power from the tractor. The grain cart/tractor combination typically carries the grain to the end of the field and loads it into the road transport vehicle, such as a semi-truck. Examples of such grain wagons can be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,013,208, 5,340,265, and 5,409,344.  
           [0009]    Grain cart capacities typically vary from 400 bushels to 1000 bushels. Therefore, a loaded grain cart and pulling tractor may weigh as much as 90,000 pounds. Repeated trips across the field by this large vehicle combination can produce additional soil compaction, particularly in wet conditions, which reduces future crop yields. This method of intermediate storage and movement of grain with the field incrementally adds one operator and significant capital cost to the harvesting process.  
           [0010]    In the field of trailers or wagons that are towed by a farm tractor or over-the-road tractor-trailers (so-called “semis”), U.S. Pat. No. 2,667,028 shows a towable combine with an attached grain cart. U.S. Pat. No. 4,460,193 shows a pull type swather assembly, which can be crabbed. U.S. Pat. No. 4,359,854 shows a tractor drawn combine which also can be crabbed. U.S. Pat. No. 5,412,929 shows the ability to steer a pair of rakes being towed by a tractor. U.S. Pat. No. 5,579,228 shows a servo steering control system for a non-powered trailer that includes forward and backward motion. U.S. Pat. No. 5,209,320 shows an articulated crop pesticide sprayer adapted to be pulled. U.S. Pat. No. 4,740,006 proposes to retrofit existing tractor-trailers with a remote-control steering system. Finally, U.S. Pat. No. 5,329,451 proposes a steerable trailer and steering apparatus, which includes a servo control.  
           [0011]    A significant advance in grain carts is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,904,365. Disclosed is a powered towing vehicle having steering wheels and a wheeled trailer is connected to the vehicle for its towing. The wheels of the trailer are connected to a source of power for generating forward and rearward movement of the trailer. These wheels also are connected to a source of power for turning such wheels in order to steer the trailer. These wheels further are connected to a sensor to sense the position of the trailer wheels as they are being steered. The steering wheels of the towing vehicle also are connected to a sensor to sense the position of the vehicle wheels as they are being steered. The trailer steering wheel sensor is displayed to an operator of the vehicle so that the vehicle operator knows the relative position of each of the steering wheels. The trailer steering power source is connected to the vehicle so that an operator of the vehicle can remotely steer the wheels of the trailer. Unloading of the grain takes place separately from both the combine hopper and from the grain cart.  
           [0012]    The present invention is a basic improvement on the unloading of grain from both the combine hopper and from the grain cart of a combine and grain cart combination.  
         BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0013]    An improved combination of a powered combine carrying a combine grain bin for housing harvested grain and a towed grain cart carrying a grain cart bin for housing harvested grain includes improved harvested grain transfer between the combine grain bin and the grain cart bin and improved off-loading of harvested grain from the combination. A generally horizontally disposed first grain movement assembly is pivotally connected within the combine grain bin and pivotally connected within the grain cart bin and disposed for reciprocally transporting grain between the combine grain bin and the grain cart bin. A generally vertically disposed second grain movement assembly is cooperatively operable with the first grain movement assembly for transferring grain from the grain cart bin to the first grain movement assembly and thence to the combine grain bin. An off-loading grain movement assembly is disposed for off-loading grain only from the combine grain cart.  
           [0014]    Advantages of the present invention include a single grain unloading assembly for both the combine grain bin and the grain cart bin. Such single grain unloading assembly eliminates the possibility of collision between separate unloading assemblies for each grain bin. A further advantage is that unloading is facilitated by only having to position one unloading assembly adjacent to a truck during off-loading. These and other advantages will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art based on the disclosure set forth herein. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0015]    For a fuller understanding of the nature and advantages of the present invention, reference should be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the novel combination of combine (or harvester) and towed grain cart;  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 2 is an overhead view of the novel combination illustrated in FIG. 1;  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 3 is an overhead view of the novel combination when the harvester is making a right turn;  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 4 is an overhead view of the novel combination when the harvester is making a left turn;  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 5 is side elevational view like that in FIG. 1, but where the grain cart bin vertical auger is in a stowed position;  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the joint (ball hitch) that connects with combine with the towed grain cart;  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 7 is a side elevational view of the horizontal auger joint located in the grain cart;  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 8 is an end elevational view of the horizontal auger joint illustrated in FIG. 7;  
         [0024]    [0024]FIG. 9 is an overhead top plan view of the horizontal auger joint illustrated in FIG. 7;  
         [0025]    [0025]FIG. 10 is an overhead view of the horizontal auger joint located in the combine;  
         [0026]    [0026]FIG. 11 is a side elevational view of the horizontal auger joint illustrated in FIG. 10;  
         [0027]    [0027]FIG. 12 a side elevational view of the trunnion mount for the vertical auger located within the grain cart bin.  
         [0028]    The drawings will be described in detail below. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0029]    The present invention improves upon the grain cart and combine combination disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,904,365, which unloads harvested grain from both the onboard combine grain bin and the grain cart bin. Such a configuration runs the risk that the two unload augers might collide. Also, the combine operator must align two unload augers with the truck into which the harvested grain is unloaded into. The present design relies on only one unload mechanism (e.g., auger, bucket conveyor, cleated conveyor, or the like) which simplifies unloading and eliminates any collision hazard potential occasioned by use of multiple unload assemblies. Accordingly, a “towed” grain cart for present purposes comprehends a grain cart that simply is towed (having no ability to steer and not powered), is steerable only, is powered only, is both powered and steerable.  
         [0030]    Referring initially to FIG. 1, a combine,  10 , is seen towing a grain cart,  12 , which are mechanically interconnected by a tongue assembly,  14 , which includes a ball hitch assembly,  15  (FIG. 5). Combine  10  generally includes a cab,  16 , in which the operator is seated, a cornhead,  18 , a drive wheel pair,  20 , a steering wheel pair,  22  (only one of each set of wheels being depicted in FIG. 1), a primary grain hopper or combine grain bin,  24 , and an auger assembly,  26 , for unloading hopper  24 . Such combine is a modern combine with all of the appurtenances and features that combine manufacturers provide today. Similarly, grain cart  12  is conventional in construction in that it includes a wheel pair,  28  (see FIG. 2 to view both wheel pairs  28   a  and  28   b ), a secondary grain hopper or grain cart bin,  30 , and tongue  14 .  
         [0031]    It will be observed that a generally horizontal first grain transfer assembly,  32 , runs between combine grain bin  24  and grain cart bin  30 . A generally vertical grain transfer assembly,  34 , is seen to be located within grain cart bin  30  and is interconnected with first grain transfer assembly  32 . Horizontal grain transfer assembly  32  is seen to extend into combine grain bin  24  through its rear wall (see FIG. 5) and vertically at about its midpoint. A canvas, rubber, or other suitable material seal,  33 , keeps the harvested grain from spilling out, yet permits movement of assembly  32  during turning of the combine, as will be described below in connection with FIGS. 3 and 4. This location means that as soon as combine grain bin  24  is about one-half full, harvested grain housed in bin  24  can be withdrawn and transferred into grain cart bin  30 . Conversely, by reversing the direction of travel of transfer assembly  32  grain can be transferred from grain cart bin  30  back into combine grain bin  24  for its unloading via unloading mechanism  26 .  
         [0032]    While the grain transfer assemblies can be conveyors, augers, or similar known devices (e.g., auger, bucket conveyor, cleated conveyor, or the like), the present invention will be specifically illustrated with (and not limited to) augers. Generally, a hydraulic motor assembly,  36 , powers horizontal harvested grain transfer assembly (auger)  32  and is composed of a suitably sized hydraulic motor, chain, sprocket, and bearings. Auger assembly  32  is supported at its grain cart end by a joint,  38 , and at its combine end by a joint,  40 . These joints will be described in detail below. Auger assembly  32  also is provided with a grain cart discharge door,  42 , which is hydraulic cylinder actuated by a hydraulic cylinder,  43 , and with a rear discharge,  44 , and with a shroud rotate joint,  46 . Auger assembly  32  is shrouded or covered from joint  46  forward to combine grain bin  24  and is an open trough,  48 , from joint  46  rearwardly. Harvested grain can be discharged from auger assembly  32  into grain cart bin  30  via discharges  42  and  44 . Discharge of harvested grain into grain cart bin  30  is facilitated by this dual discharge scheme. Such scheme also means that discharge  44  is disposed rearwardly of vertical auger assembly  34 .  
         [0033]    A hydraulic motor assembly,  50 , powers vertical auger assembly  34  and generally is composed of a suitably sized hydraulic motor, chain, sprocket, and bearings. Harvested grain housed in grain cart  30  is withdrawn from grain cart bin  30  by auger assembly  34  and discharged from a spout,  52 , into open trough  48 . Hydraulic motor  36  is reversible so that harvested grain can be reciprocally transported between combine grain bin  24  and grain cart bin  30 , including the transfer of harvested grain from grain cart bin  30  back to combine grain bin  24 . Vertical auger assembly  34  is mounted to grain cart bin  30  with a trunnion mount,  54  (to be further described in connection with FIG. 12). Trunnion mount  54  permits auger assembly  34  to be rotated rearwardly to rest on a side of grain cart bin  30  for storage.  
         [0034]    Attachment of auger assembly  32  at either end requires pivoting capability in order for the combine and towed cart to turn. This can be seen by reference to FIGS.  3  (right turn) and  4  (left turn). It will be apparent that if grain transfer assembly  32  cannot pivot that turning of combine  10  cannot be accomplished. The flexibility of seal  17  also enables auger assembly  32  to pivot as it extends through the hole in the side of combine grain bin  24 . Such pivoting also requires the hole in grain transfer assembly  32  to be large enough to accommodate turning of combine  10  with consequent pivoting of auger assembly  32 .  
         [0035]    Ball hitch assembly  15 , illustrated in FIG. 6, enables combine  10  to tow grain cart  12 . While a variety of hitches can be envisioned, ball hitch assembly  15  includes a tow ball,  56 , with a threaded end,  58 , retained by a nut,  60 , to a bracket assembly,  62 , attached to the rear of combine  10 . Correspondingly, grain cart  12  at its forward end carries a bracket assembly,  64 , having a cavity that mates over tow ball  56  with a suitable locking mechanism to guard against the premature or unwanted separation of the hitch assembly  15 .  
         [0036]    FIGS.  7 - 9  depict a joint assembly,  66 , that retains auger assembly  32  in grain cart bin  12 . Joint assembly  66  can be seen to include a pair of upper flat rollers,  68  and  70 ; and a pair of lower flanged rollers,  72  and  74 , which roller pairs ride on the bottom flange of an I-beam,  76 , which is carried by auger assembly  32 . These pairs of rollers permit auger assembly  32  via I-beam  76  to move relative to a post,  78 , which carries joint assembly  66  and which is fixed at its lower end to grain cart bin  30 . Post  78  carriers a flange assembly,  80 , at its upper end, which retains a bolt,  82 , that bolts onto a lower apertured plate,  84 , with a nut,  86 , to flange assembly  66 . Rotation bearing assembly,  88  (e.g., tapered roller bearings), permit rotation of flange assembly  66  about bolt  82  and post  78 . Rail  76  and, hence, auger assembly  32 , now can be displaced longitudinally and rotationally about post  78 , as required when combine  10  turns right (FIG. 3) or turns left (FIG. 4). Such combined movement is equivalent to the grain cart end of auger assembly  32  being pivotally attached at grain cart bin  12 . Joint assembly  66  also is designed to be disposed at any location along auger assembly  32 , not only at its end. Such design permits auger assembly  32  to extend beyond the location of post  78 .  
         [0037]    FIGS.  10 - 11  depict a joint assembly,  92 , that retains auger assembly  32  in combine bin  24 . Joint assembly  92  can be seen to include a pin,  94 , that runs through an apertured plate,  96 , attached to combine bin  24  and through a pair of spaced-apart apertured fingers of a yoke assembly,  98 . Yoke assembly  98  in turn has an end apertured plate,  100 , through which another threaded bolt,  102 , runs and is held in place by a nut,  106 . Bolt  102  also runs through an aperture in a plate,  104 , which is bolted onto an end of auger assembly  32  with a pair bolts,  108  and  110 . Disposed in association with plate  100  are rotational bearing assembly,  112 , e.g., tapered roller bearings. Pin  94  permits auger assembly  32  to move vertically with respect to combine  10 , while rotational bearings  112  and  114  permit auger assembly  32  to twist with respect to combine  10 .  
         [0038]    Joint assembly  66  in combination with joint assembly  92  permits auger assembly  32  to twist, move vertically, and to move laterally. Such movement is necessary not only for turning of combine  32 , but also for combine  10  and towed grain cart  12  to traverse over uneven ground.  
         [0039]    [0039]FIG. 12 illustrates trunnion assembly  54 , which holds vertical auger assembly  34  in its vertical orientation and then to its storage orientation (FIG. 5). It will be observed that a pin,  116 , is affixed (e.g., welded) to vertical auger assembly  34 . A bearing,  118 , is affixed (e.g., bolted) to grain cart bin  30  or to a structural component of grain cart  12 . The “a” and “b” designations are for each of the corresponding parts located on opposite sides of auger assembly  34 . Trunnion assembly (or assemblies)  54  holds auger assembly  34  in a vertical orientation during harvesting operations and then permit auger assembly  34  to be folded downwardly for storage.  
         [0040]    While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. In this application all units are in the metric system and all amounts and percentages are by weight, unless otherwise expressly indicated. Also, all citations referred herein are expressly incorporated herein by reference.