Abstract:
A method is proposed for constructing mufti-story concrete structures using a rail-guided self-climbing formwork system. A climbing rail is thereby displaced in a vertical direction within lower and upper climbing shoes and a lower extension piece is positioned to extend vertically in a downward direction below a lower end of the climbing rail. The lower extension piece has a length which is less than the length of the climbing rail. The climbing rail is then displaced in the vertical direction until the lower extension piece is captured within the lower climbing shoe. The method simplifies construction of the lower stories of concrete structures.

Description:
[0001]    This is a continuation of 12/736,221 filed on Jan. 18, 2011 as the national stage of PCT/DE2009/000380 filed on Mar. 21, 2009 and also claims Paris Convention priority of DE 10 2008 015 682.5 filed on Mar. 25, 2008, the entire disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The invention relates to a rail-guided self-climbing formwork system in the building sector, with climbing rails guided in climbing shoes that are integrated into a scaffold unit, wherein the climbing shoes can be attached to a hardened concrete section and concrete sections, respectively, and the climbing rails are moveable, guided and held in the climbing shoes. 
         [0003]    Such self-climbing formwork systems have become known through international patent applications WO 2007/000139 A1, WO 2007/00136 A1, WO 2007/000134 A1 and WO 2007/000137 A1. 
         [0004]    In the known rail-guided self-climbing formwork systems at least two floors or concrete sections must be constructed with known formwork systems before the known self-climbing formwork can be used. This is necessary because the climbing rails used are guided, held and moved in climbing shoes which are attached to various concrete sections. 
         [0005]    To move the climbing shoes from one concrete section to another concrete section a large-area scaffold unit is additionally required so that the individual working processes necessary for a climbing procedure can be carried out without the use of a crane. 
         [0006]    As known, for example, from WO 2007/000139 A, due to the length of the climbing rails a sufficient structural height must be reached when using the self-climbing formwork system so that the lower free ends of the climbing rails do not collide with the ground on which the first concrete section is erected, or a floor ceiling which may have been built underneath the first concrete section. Normally, two floors have to be completed initially in order to be able to use the self-climbing formwork system. The length of the climbing rails is thus determined by the height of the concrete sections, respectively, to be built and the required presence of a finishing platform in the case of higher concrete sections. The length of the climbing rails is therefore much greater than the height of the concrete section to be constructed. 
         [0007]    FR 2487410 describes a rail-guided climbing formwork system attached to a concrete section, in which climbing rails guided in climbing shoes are integrated into a scaffold unit. In each case one climbing rail is guided in two of the climbing shoes. The climbing rails are of a length that substantially equals the height of the concrete section. The climbing procedure of the climbing formwork system takes place based on climbing cylinders mounted on climbing shoes located higher up. The climbing procedure can only take place after concreting of a complete second concrete section. 
         [0008]    The aim of the invention is to simplify the known rail-guided self-climbing formwork system in such a way that it can be used in a broader area of application. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0009]    This aim is achieved by the subject-matters of the claims. The dependent claims represent preferred embodiments of the subject-matter of the invention. 
         [0010]    Climbing rail extension pieces, which are shorter in length than the climbing rails, can be attached to the free ends of the climbing rails. 
         [0011]    With an embodiment of the climbing rail of this type it is possible to carrying out the climbing procedure with shorter climbing rails, without incurring an increased safety risk. For a safe self-climbing procedure, the at least two parallel climbing rails, arranged at a distance from each other, must always be held each in at least two climbing shoes arranged on top of each other, and during the climbing procedure itself the climbing rails must, via climbing rail extension pieces attached to them, be further moved into a further third climbing shoe pair and held there before the first of the three pairs of climbing shoes arranged on top of the other is removed, in order, for example, to use this pair again as fourth climbing shoes above the third climbing shoes. For this climbing procedure the climbing rail in question must have a minimum length that is significantly greater than a floor height to be concreted. By using climbing rail extension pieces the climbing rails proper can be shortened so much that their total length does no longer project beyond a concrete section to constructed, i.e. the climbing rails have a length that substantially equals the height of the hardened concrete section on which the climbing rails are attached via climbing shoes. 
         [0012]    This means that a shortened climbing rail and pair of climbing rails, respectively, in accordance with the invention can already be used after completion of a first floor or a first concrete section. For a further climbing procedure after the completion of the second concrete section, the at least two climbing rail extension pieces are rigidly connected to the free upper ends of the climbing rails, so that during a climbing procedure the climbing rails can be introduced into climbing shoes which have been attached to the most recently constructed and hardened concrete section. At the same time the climbing rail(s) is/are still held in two climbing shoes arranged underneath so that the climbing procedure can take place while ample safety is provided. 
         [0013]    For a new concreting procedure, climbing rail extension pieces are then removed again from the upper end of the climbing rails if the climbing rails are held guided in two pairs of climbing shoes attached on top of each other. With these measures a rail-guided self-climbing formwork system can be used which during a concreting procedure does no longer project with its climbing rails beyond a concrete section or completed floor. The climbing rails have a length which is substantially equal to the height of a concrete section to be concreted or is shorter, respectively, than the height of concrete section to be constructed. 
         [0014]    At least on the lower free ends of the climbing rails, climbing rail extension pieces, that are shorter in length than the climbing rails, can be attached in a detachable and/or pivoting manner. 
         [0015]    The inventive self-climbing formwork system can already be used after completion of a first concrete section. For this, the climbing rail extension pieces are initially detached from the lower free ends of the climbing rails or attached thereto in a pivoted manner. The climbing rails have to chosen to be so short that they are essentially of a length corresponding to the height of the concrete section. The lower free ends of the climbing rails then do no longer collide with the ground on which the first concrete section is constructed or a floor ceiling which may be constructed below the first concrete section. Once a sufficient floor height has been reached, the climbing rail extension pieces are detachably and/or pivotably attached to the lower free ends of the climbing rails so that, for example, a finishing platform can be provided on it. 
         [0016]    In a further embodiment of the invention the climbing rail extension pieces are shorter than the height of a concrete section to be constructed. On the one hand, a desired manageability is thus achieved, and on the other hand, through the length of the climbing rail extension pieces, it is ensured that in each climbing procedure the thus extended climbing rail safely reaches the next climbing shoe and can be held there. In connection with this, the length of the climbing rail extension pieces is preferably greater or equal to half the distance between two climbing shoes arranged directly on top of each other. 
         [0017]    If the climbing rail extension pieces are connected to the free ends of the climbing rails by means of locking pins, with simple structural means a rigid connection between the free ends of the climbing rails and the climbing rail extension pieces can be produced. At the same time a connection of this type can be rapidly and simply detached again, as after each completed climbing procedure the climbing rail extension pieces have to be removed from the climbing rails again, so that the external formwork and/or the internal formwork can be brought into a position in which the new concrete section is to be constructed. 
         [0018]    It is advantageous if each climbing rail extension piece can be connected by means of two locking pins to a free end of the climbing rail. On the one hand, with this measure an articulated connection can be produced if only one locking pin is used, and if two locking pins, at a distance from each other, are used to connect a climbing rail with a climbing rail extension piece, a rigid connection is achieved between the climbing rail and the climbing rail extension piece. 
         [0019]    A simplified structure of the rail-guided self-climbing formwork system according to the invention is assured if the climbing rails as well as the climbing rail extension pieces are assembled of two profile rails, which are held together at a distance from each other by means of supporting pins and, as the case may be, spacers, connecting pins. This has the advantage that climbing rail extension pieces can be simply coupled to climbing rails designed in this way, and at the same time the arrangement envisaged in the climbing rail can be continued without interruption in a climbing rail extension piece by a sequence of supporting pins. 
         [0020]    The rail-guided self-climbing formwork system has a scaffold unit on which a working platform and a finishing platform are formed. The climbing rails are integrated into the scaffold unit. In conjunction with the shortened climbing rails in accordance with the invention, it is sufficient for the scaffold unit only to have one working platform and one finishing platform. An intermediate platform, as in the prior art, can be dispensed with in the embodiment of the self-climbing formwork system according to the invention. This considerably simplifies the entire rail-guided system. 
         [0021]    Advantageously, a moveable external or internal formwork is envisaged on the working platform. If necessary, the said external or internal formwork can be moved on the working platform in such a way that on the one hand climbing shoes can be most easily attached to, or removed from, a hardened concrete section, on the working platform, and on the other hand, the external or internal formwork can be moved into a position on the working platform in which a further concrete section can be constructed. 
         [0022]    Climbing cylinders can be mounted on the climbing shoes so that with the aid of these climbing cylinders the entire scaffold unit can be pushed upwards on completed concrete sections, or even pushed downwards, if required. Once a climbing procedure has been completed, the climbing cylinders can be removed from the climbing shoes and mounted onto climbing shoes again in a higher or lower position. The mounted climbing cylinders each engage, via a catch formed on the free end of a climbing cylinder, into supporting pins of the climbing rails and the climbing rail extension pieces, respectively. If the climbing cylinders are moved-out, the climbing rails with the climbing rail extension pieces are moved together with the entire scaffold unit. 
         [0023]    In accordance with the invention, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, components of a finishing platform are provided on the lower free ends of the climbing rail extension pieces, which with the other opposite ends are connected in an articulated manner with the lower free ends of the climbing rails. This has the advantage that a finishing platform can be mounted onto the scaffold unit even on the first concrete section. If the climbing procedure is initiated on the first concrete section, the finishing platform is still suspended on the base on which the first concrete section has been erected and as the climbing procedure progresses the climbing rail extension pieces with the components of the finishing platform attached thereto pivot to the completed first concrete section and the finishing platform aligns itself. 
         [0024]    Further advantages may be gathered from the description of the attached drawing. Equally, according to the invention the features cited above and further indicated features can each be used individually or in any combination with each other. The mentioned embodiments should not be considered as an exhaustive enumeration, but as examples. The invention is shown in the drawings and is explained in more detail on the basis of examples of the embodiment in the drawings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
         [0025]      FIG. 1  shows a side view of a rail-guided self-climbing formwork system, bearing an external formwork on a working platform, which can be displaced alongside of concrete sections with the aid of the rail-guided self-climbing formwork system; 
           [0026]      FIG. 2  shows an enlarged side view of components of  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0027]      FIG. 3  shows a three-dimensional view of a climbing rail and a climbing rail extension piece and the mode of assembly thereof; 
           [0028]      FIG. 4  shows a three-dimensional view of a climbing rail extension piece; 
           [0029]      FIG. 5  shows a front view of a climbing rail extension piece in accordance with the invention; 
           [0030]      FIG. 6  shows a sequence of climbing procedures, divided into climbing sequences a) to e) with a rail-guided self-climbing formwork system in accordance with the invention, bearing an internal formwork on a working platform; and 
           [0031]      FIG. 7  shows a sequence of climbing procedures with a rail-guided self-climbing formwork system according to the invention in a climbing sequence a) to d) with a working platform bearing an external formwork and a scaffold unit also having a finishing platform. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
       [0032]    In the Figures of the drawing the rail-guided self-climbing formwork system is shown in a strongly schematic manner and the individual feature groups should not be taken as being to scale. 
         [0033]    In  FIG. 1 ,  10  denotes a rail-guided self-climbing formwork system which, on a scaffold unit has a working platform  12  on which an external formwork  13  is erected. The external formwork  13  can be moved on the working platform  12  in the direction of the arrow  14 . A finishing platform  16  is also integrated into the scaffold unit and, like the working platform  12 , is attached to a climbing rail  18 . Only a side view of the rail-guided self-climbing formwork system  10  is shown in the Figure which hides a further climbing rail  18 , which runs parallel to the shown climbing rail  18  and at a distance from climbing rail  18 . In this way the scaffold unit is held together by means of climbing rails  18  (prior art). 
         [0034]    Mounted on the upper free end of climbing rail  18  is a first climbing rail extension piece  20  and on the lower free end of climbing rail  18  a second climbing rail extension piece  22  is attached. The climbing rail  18  is guided and held in a moveable manner in climbing shoes  24 ,  26 . Mounted on the climbing shoe  26  is a climbing cylinder  28 , which on its free end has a catch  30 , which engages below a supporting pin  32  of the first climbing rail extension piece  20 . Supporting pins  32  are arranged along the first climbing rail extension piece  20  and along the second climbing rail extension piece  22  and along the climbing rail  18  at predetermined intervals. The climbing shoes  24 ,  26  also have prior known catches which engage below the supporting pins  32  and can hold the climbing rails  18  and the climbing rail extension pieces  20 , respectively, in position. The entire rail-guided self-climbing formwork system is held in the climbing shoes  24 ,  26  by means of catches on which corresponding supporting pins  32  of the climbing rail  18  or the climbing rail extension piece  20  is suspended. 
         [0035]    Climbing shoes  34 ,  36  are attached to the concrete section via anchoring points  38 . In the Figure, a first concrete section  40 , a second concrete section  42  and a third concrete section  44  are shown. These concrete sections  40 ,  42 ,  44  are hardened and can bear the load of a rail-guided self-climbing formwork system  10 . In the concrete sections  40 ,  42 ,  44  anchoring points  38  are provided via which the climbing shoes for the rail-guided self-climbing formwork system  10  can be attached. In the Figure, ceiling sections  45 ,  46 ,  47  are also suggested, which delimit the respective concrete sections on one side. It is understood that to produce a concrete section  40 ,  42 ,  44  each, an internal formwork corresponding to the external formwork  13  shown in the Figure is erected. The ceiling sections  45 ,  46 ,  47  are produced by means of known ceiling formwork systems which are not shown in the Figure. 
         [0036]      FIG. 2  shows an enlarged side view of details of the second concrete section  42  and the third concrete section  44  of  FIG. 1 . The ceiling section  46  is suggested. Climbing shoes  26  and  34  are attached in the anchoring points  38  of the second and third concrete sections  42 ,  44 . Mounted in a known manner on the climbing shoe  26  is a climbing cylinder  28  which by means of catch  30  engages below a supporting pin  32  of the first climbing rail extension section  20 . Along the first climbing rail extension piece  20  and along the climbing rail  18  supporting pins  32  are provided which can all be arranged from below by catches in the climbing shoes  26  and  38 . 
         [0037]    By way of a connecting piece  48  the first climbing rail extension piece  20  is pushed into the free end of the climbing rail  18  and by means of locking pins  50  the first climbing rail extension piece  20  is rigidly connected to the climbing rail  18 . 
         [0038]    The climbing rail  18  also carries the working platform  12  on which the external formwork  13  is attached in a moveable manner. 
         [0039]      FIG. 3  shows a three-dimensional view of the climbing rail  18  and a first climbing-rail extension piece  20  as used in the rail-guided self-climbing formwork system  10 . The climbing rail  18  is made up of two U-profiles. Supporting pins  32  hold the U-profiles together on one side. The length of the supporting pins  32  also determines the distance between the two U-profiles. The supporting pins  32  are connected to the U-profiles at predetermined intervals over the entire length of the climbing rail  18 . 
         [0040]    Via the connection piece  48  the first climbing rail extension piece  20  can be pushed into the free end of the climbing rail  18  and rigidly connected there to the climbing rail  18  with locking pins  50 . The locking pins  50  can be secured by spring pins  51 . Opposite the supporting pins  32 , connecting pins  52  connect the U-profiles opposite each other. The connecting pins  52  can correspond to the supporting pins  32  and guarantee the same spacing of the U-profiles from one another as defined by the supporting pins  32 . 
         [0041]      FIG. 4  shows a further three-dimensional view of the first climbing rail extension piece  20 . Via the connection piece  48  it is connected to a climbing rail and via the locking pins  50  the first climbing rail extension piece  20  is rigidly connected to a climbing rail. The locking pins  50  are secured with the spring pins  51 . The supporting pins  32  shown in the Figure can be engaged from below by catches on the climbing shoes and climbing cylinders, respectively. 
         [0042]      FIG. 5  shows a front view of the first climbing rail extension piece  20 . The supporting bolts  32  are visible and the locking bolts  50  are inserted on the connection piece  48  and secured with spring pins  51 . 
         [0043]      FIG. 6  shows a highly schematic view of the sequence of the climbing procedure with the rail-guided self-climbing formwork system. In diagram section a) two concrete sections  40  and  42  are shown. The first concrete section  40  has been produced with a known wall formwork, and after the first concrete section  40  has hardened, the climbing shoes  24  and  26  are mounted on the first concrete section  40 . The climbing rail  18  is then inserted into the climbing shoes  24  and  26 . In the process, the climbing shoes  24 ,  26  hold the climbing rail  18  and the scaffold unit connected therewith which, on working platform  12 , holds an inner formwork  13 ′ in a movable manner. With this inner formwork  13 ′ concrete section  42  has been concreted and after hardening of concrete section  42  the inner formwork  13 ′ has been moved into the shown position and the climbing shoes  34 ,  36  mounted. The first climbing rail extension piece  20  has also been mounted on climbing rail  18  and rigidly connected to climbing rail  18 . A climbing cylinder  28  was mounted on the climbing shoe  26 , which cylinder  28 , when in the moved-in state, engages with the catch thereof a supporting pin of the first climbing rail extension piece  20 . 
         [0044]    If the climbing procedure is now started with the rail-guided self-climbing formwork system (diagram section b)) and the climbing cylinder  28  moved-out, after several cylinder strokes the free end of the first climbing rail extension piece  20  moves so far into the climbing shoe  34  until the catch of the climbing shoe  34  can support and engage a supporting pin of the first climbing rail extension piece  20 . Alternatively, the climbing shoe  24 ,  26  can support the entire scaffold unit during a climbing procedure, while the climbing cylinder  28  is moved-in for a new climbing shoe. Generally, the weight of the entire self-climbing formwork system can be safely supported solely by the catches of the climbing shoe pairs  24  or  26  or  34 . Safe guiding of the climbing rails  18  always takes place via two climbing shoe pairs arranged vertically above each other. The climbing cylinder  28  can then be moved-in and again brought into a new position in such a way that the catch of the climbing cylinder  28  can again engage a supporting pin of the first climbing-rail extension piece  20  or of climbing rail  18 . If the climbing cylinder  28  is then moved-out again, the entire rail-guided self-climbing formwork system climbs further upwards. As soon as the climbing rail  18  has climbed so far up that a further climbing rail extension piece  20 ′ can be mounted to the lower free end of the climbing rail  18 , the climbing rail extension piece  20 ′ is rigidly connected to the climbing rail  18 , through being attached to the climbing rail  18  by means of securing pins, for example. 
         [0045]    In the climbing position in diagram section c) the rail-guided self-climbing formwork system is held in the climbing shoes  26  and  34  via climbing rail  18  and the ends of the climbing rail extension pieces  20 ,  20 ′ are still in the climbing shoes  24  and  36 . 
         [0046]    In diagram section d) the climbing sequence has progressed and the rail-guided self-climbing formwork system is in a position in which a third concrete section can be constructed. The climbing rail  18  is held via the climbing shoes  34  and  36  as catches of the climbing shoes  34 ,  36  engage below supporting pins of the climbing rail  18 . The first climbing rail extension piece  20  can now be removed from the climbing rail  18  and the climbing rail extension piece  20 ′is also no longer required for guiding or securing the rail-guided self-climbing formwork system. The climbing cylinder  28  can also be removed from the climbing shoe  26 . The climbing shoe  26  is also unbolted from the first concrete section  40 . 
         [0047]    In section e) the inner formwork  13 ′is shown moved to the concrete section  42  so that a third concrete section can be constructed above the second concrete section  42 . At the same time it is possible to concrete a ceiling section  45  by means of a ceiling formwork  53  and ceiling props  54  used for this. It is understood that for the climbing sequence shown in  FIG. 6  a rail-guided self-climbing formwork system is also used simultaneously for the external formwork. This is not shown for the sake of clarity. 
         [0048]      FIG. 7  shows a side view of a climbing sequence in four sequences a) to d) as performed by a working platform  12  and an external formwork. The rail-guided self-climbing formwork system shown in  FIG. 7  can be used as external formwork to construct the concrete sections, as shown in  FIG. 6 . 
         [0049]    After in diagram a) the first concrete section  40  has been concreted with known wall formwork elements, the rail-guided self-climbing formwork system is fastened to the hardened first concrete section  40  by way of climbing shoes  24  and  26 . The second concrete section  42  has also been produced with the external formwork  13 . In  FIG. 7  in diagram a) the external formwork  13  has already been moved away from the hardened second concrete section  42  and the climbing shoes  34  and  36  have already been attached to the hardened second concrete section. The first climbing rail extension piece  20  has been rigidly connected to the upper free end of the climbing rail  18  and on the lower free end of the climbing rail  18  a second climbing rail extension piece  22  is still held in an articulated manner on climbing rail  18 . The second climbing rail extension piece  22  carries components of a finishing platform. If a climbing cylinder  28  is now mounted on climbing shoe  26  and the climbing procedure is initiated via the climbing cylinder  28 , the entire rail-guided self-climbing formwork system moves upwards along the concrete sections  40 ,  42  and the finishing platform is automatically set up due to gravity. Via the working platform  12  and finishing platform  16  all work in the area of the rail-guided self-climbing formwork system can be carried out. In diagrams c) and d) the rail-guided self-climbing formwork system is moved further upwards until the external formwork  13  can be brought into position for a third concrete section. Via the working platform  12  the first climbing rail extension piece  20  can be removed and via the finishing platform  16  the climbing shoe  24  and climbing shoe  26 , respectively, can be dismantled as required insofar as they are separable shoes. 
         [0050]    In a rail-guided self-climbing formwork system  10  in the building sector, climbing rails  18  are guided in climbing shoes  24 ,  26 ,  34 ,  36 , wherein the climbing rails are integrated into a scaffold unit. The scaffold unit also comprises a working platform  12  and a finishing platform  16  which are also attached to the climbing rails  18 . Climbing rail extension pieces  20 ,  22  can be mounted on the free ends of the climbing rails  18  and rigidly attached there. The climbing rail extension pieces  20 ,  22  are shorter in length than the climbing rails  18 .