Abstract:
A portable, battery powered inflator with removable batteries which are switch activated. The inflator has an air intake and output for delivering air into a variety of air bladders with different sized valves. The batteries are typical dry cells and not rechargeable to save cost. The inflator has a cover that allows quick removable and replacement of the batteries. An adapter assembly including a transition structure and adapters are provided to allow inflation of a variety of bladders having different sized valves. The attaching of the transition structure engages the switch completing an electrical circuit that activates the motor to deliver air automatically.

Description:
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/778,841, filed Jan. 6, 1997, now abandoned. 
    
    
     The present invention relates generally to the field of low pressure inflators for pneumatic bladders, and more specifically to low cost, portable inflators used with a variety of bladders with different sized inflation valves, e.g. full sized or larger air mattresses, balls, inflatable water toys, and the like. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Air beds with pneumatic bladders with manual and motorized inflators are known. These devices are described in several U.S. Pat. No. 4,977,633 which issued on Dec. 18, 1990; U.S. Pat. No. 5,267,363 which issued on Dec. 7, 1993, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,367,726 which issued on Nov. 29, 1994, all to Robert Chaffee. These three patents which indicate the general state of the art are hereby incorporated by reference herein as if laid out in full. 
     The above inventions of the Chaffee patents and other battery powered inflators are known. The requirement of portability dictates the use of battery powered inflators since many applications of such inflators are at locations devoid of typical AC electricity power outlets. For example, campsites and swimming locations often have no electricity, but air mattresses and inflatable water tubes and the like are commonplace. 
     However, battery powered inflators are designed and adapted for use with a particular bed or other such specific bladder that has a particular inlet valve. Moreover, such battery powered inflators have been developed with rechargeable batteries that are maintenance free while providing long life. One limitation is that these rechargeable batteries are expensive, and since rechargeable, the batteries are not designed for easy removal or replacement. 
     These known devices have other limitations. One such limitation is the inability to adapt to different sized inlet valves. Typically a large bladder, like an adult sized air mattress, has a larger inlet valve than a small child&#39;s tube. The larger sized valve provides faster inflation and/or deflation times, but may be incompatible for use with a child&#39;s small air tube. 
     Another limitation stems from the low pressures associated with air bladders in general. With low pressure but often high volume air flows any impediment to the air flow increases the inflation time significantly. When an inflator is attached to an air mattress with a valve such as described in the above incorporated patents the force needed to overcome the spring force that typically is used to close the diaphragm in the valve in the air mattress, even a small spring force, may significantly increase the time to fully inflate the mattress. 
     In applications where an inflator is occasionally or rarely used there is a need for an inexpensive inflator. It is an object of the present invention to use inexpensive, dry cell batteries which can be easily replaced. 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide an inflator with batteries that are easily and quickly changed. 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a simpler, less expensive inflator, which minimizes the air flow resistance of diaphragm valves used in air bladders. 
     It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an adapter for allowing the inflator to be used to inflate a wide variety of bladders, from small toy bladders to larger air mattresses or other such large bladders. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The above objects are met in a battery powered inflator that uses standard sized, inexpensive, common dry cell batteries that are not rechargeable. An advantage of such an inflator is that the inflator is less expensive and less complicated. An adapter useful for a range of different bladder inlet valves is provided wherein the inflator can be substantially universally applied to any air bladder. Another advantage of the present invention is provided by means incorporated in the inflator which mechanically opens the diaphragm of valves used in many air mattresses so as to minimize the air flow resistance of the valve and to therefore minimize the time to inflate the mattress. 
     An inflation device may include a container or housing having an air inlet and air outlet, and a battery compartment within the container that is adapted to hold two or more batteries. The batteries are releasably retained within the compartment, and supply electrical energy to an electrically activated motor disposed within the container. An air impeller connected to the motor drives air from the inlet to the outlet when the motor is activated. A switch disposed within the container can be opened or closed to make or break the electrical circuit between the batteries and the motor. A transition structure is adapted to be removably attached to the air outlet. The transition structure has an extension that closes the switch and is attached to the air outlet. The transition structure additionally has an in port for accepting air from the air outlet and an out port through which air is delivered. Two or more adapters can be detachably mounted to the transition structure or to the container. Each of the adapters has a first end for attaching to and accepting air from the out port, and a second opening for delivering the accepted air into different sized valves. 
     Advantages of the present invention include: low cost (expensive rechargeable batteries are not required); no requirement for recharging equipment; and portability (the inflator can be used where no AC power service is available). 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     Other objects, features and advantages will be apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: 
     FIG. 1A is a cross section view of an inflator embodying the present invention; 
     FIG. 1B is a top view of the inflator of FIG. 1A with the top cover opened; 
     FIG. 1C is the top view of the inflator of FIG. 1A similar to FIG. 1B but with the top closed; 
     FIG. 2A is a cross section view of an air outlet adapter for attachment to the inflator illustrated in FIGS. 1A-1C; 
     FIG. 2B is a perspective view illustrating the mating of the adapter to the inflator illustrated in FIGS. 1A-1C; 
     FIGS. 2C and 2D are diagrammatic views illustrating how the mating ears of an adapter activates the motor switch of the inflator illustrated in FIGS. 1A-1C; 
     FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a detachable ring for the inflator illustrated in FIGS. 1A-1C to which is attached adapters by tethers; 
     FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an adapter of the type illustrated in FIG. 3; 
     FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the tethered adapters of FIG. 3 attached to the adapter of FIG. 2A; and 
     FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating how the tethered adapter of FIG. 5 can be used to supply air into an air bladder. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     FIG. 1A shows a housing 2 with an air intake 4 and an air outlet 6. An electrical motor 8 is centrally mounted and a rotor part 10 is attached to an air impeller 12 which as indicated by arrows 14, sucks in air and delivers air out the outlet 6. There are passageways in and around the motor 8 to allow the air to easily pass through. Two batteries 16 and 16&#39; are shown in compartments that surround the motor 8. The housing 2 may be sized with many battery compartments built of any applicable size. In a preferred embodiment four &#34;D&#34; sized dry cells are used. However, other types and numbers can be used to advantage. 
     An electrical circuit is provided in the inflator housing 2 with electrical conductors 25 arranged to connect the batteries 16, 16&#39; and the motor 8 so that the motor 8 can be activated when power is supplied from the batteries 16, 16&#39; to the motor 8. The batteries may be mounted on springs as is well known in the art to provide secure electrical connections thereto. The electrical connections and circuitry are well known in the art wherein the batteries may be connected in parallel or series or combinations thereof as determined by the batteries and the motor design. A switch 18 (diagrammatically shown in FIG. 1A) is incorporated to allow completion of the circuit and activation of the motor 8. Details of such switches are described in the incorporated patents, and are well known in the art. In this preferred embodiment arrangements are made to close the switch and automatically activate the motor by attaching an air adapter or a transition structure. However, an external, manually activated (not shown) switch is provided in other preferred embodiments. 
     Still referring to FIG. 1A, a post 7 extends directly from the middle of the inflator which is of a length to mechanically push open the plastic frame of a diaphragm valve used in air mattresses. Being centered allows the post 7 to not interfere with the adapters later described. Even though the force needed to open such valves is on order of a few ounces the elimination of the need to open the valve provides for 10 percent to as much as 50% and more reduction in the time to inflate a bladder. 
     FIG. 1B is a top view of the inflator showing the four D-size batteries 16, 16&#39; that can be used in the inflator. A cover 15 is hinged at 17 and has a latch 19 that is adapted to engage a latch 19&#39; on the side of the battery compartment. FIG. 1C shows the cover 15 closed and the retaining extensions 21 and 21&#39;. 
     FIG. 2A shows a transition adapter structure in cross section. Ears 22 and 22&#39; extend from opposite sides of an opening 20 in a tubular body 24. An encircling flange 26 is provided, and just above the flange 26 there is a groove 28 discussed below that also encircles the body 24. The other end includes a tapered section 30 that extends to an outlet opening 32. The tapered end is designed with a pliable material that makes a substantially air tight seal when it is inserted into any inlet valve on a bladder with an internal diameter that mates with the tapered part 30. As discussed below other adapters are provided for inlet valves that are not accommodated by the transition adapter. 
     FIG. 2B shows the ears 22 and 22&#39; of the transition adapter structure that fit into the opening 6 of the inflator also shown in FIG. 1A. Mating extensions 21 and 21&#39; are adapted to accept and retain the ears 22, 22&#39;. As shown in FIGS. 2C and 2D, the ears 22 and the extensions 21 are matingly tapered such that as the inserted transition adapter structure is rotated relative to the inflator the ear 22 or 22&#39; will engage the electrical switch 28 and force the switch closed thereby activating the motor 8 and causing air to be delivered. 
     FIG. 3 shows a ring 34 with two tethers 36 and 36&#39; extending therefrom, each of which tethers has an adapter 38 or 38&#39; at its end. The ring 34 is made of pliable material and is placed in the groove 28 so that the tethered adapters 38 and 38&#39; are retained with the transition structure. 
     FIG. 4 shows a detail of an adapter 38&#39;. The only difference between the adapter 38&#39; and the adapter 38 shown in FIG. 3 is that adapter 38&#39; is larger than adapter 38. The adapter 38&#39; has a tubular section 40 with an outside diameter (OD) at an end 44 that fits into the opening 32 of the transition structure shown in FIG. 2A. The tubular OD becomes larger due to the outward tapering of the outside surface 42. The material is pliable so that the end 44 fits snugly into the opening 32 (FIG. 2A) and when pressed farther into the opening 32 the larger OD at 42 provides an interference fit that retains the adapter to the transition structure and make a substantially air tight seal. The adapter 38&#39; is connected to the tether 36&#39; at a point distal from the end 44 to allow adequate fitting of the adapter 38&#39; to the transition structure. The other end 39 of the adapter 38&#39; is a tubular body that tapers to an extended opening 46. The end 48 is designed to fit into and open the air valve in an air bladder. The adapter 38&#39; is pressed into the bladder up to a point 50 where the opening 46 ends and the diameter of the adapter becomes substantially larger. The point 50 is designed to engage the air bladder valve and prevent farther insertion. The material of the adapters is pliable allowing insertion that will not damage the air valve while providing compliance for an air tight seal. In each of these cases there is only a few pounds per square inch (psi) or less of air pressure involved. Although two adapters are shown more are used in other preferred embodiments. In fact an adapter can be fashioned for substantially any air bladder valve type and/or opening. 
     FIG. 5 shows the tethered adapters attached to the transition structure. 
     FIG. 6 shows a composite of the inflator housing 2, and attached transition structure 50 with an adapter 38 ready to be inserted into a valve 52 of a bladder 54. As shown by arrows 56, air is being delivered and directed to the valve 52. Alternatively, the adapter could be placed into the bladder valve and then attached to the motor activating the air delivery into the bladder. In other preferred embodiments a manually activate electrical switch could be used to activate the inflator by the operator as desired. 
     It will now be apparent to those skilled in the art that other embodiments, improvements, details and uses can be made consistent with the letter and spirit of the foregoing disclosure and within the scope of this patent, which is limited only by the following claims, construed in accordance with the patent law, including the doctrine of equivalents.