Abstract:
An openable motor vehicle roof with a fixed roof structure having front and rear roof openings, a front roof system which covers the front roof opening and which includes at least one roof cover which is selective movable in a pivoting position such that its rear edge is positioned above the fixed roof structure and which can be moved longitudinally to at least partially expose the front roof opening. The openable motor vehicle roof further includes a rear roof system which has at least one roof cover which in a closed position covers the rear roof opening over a cargo space in the rear area of the motor vehicle and at least partially clears the rear roof opening in an at least partially opened position.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0002]    The present invention relates generally to motor vehicle roofs with a fixed vehicle roof structure and a roof opening. More particularly, the present invention relates to an openable motor vehicle roof having a fixed roof structure having front and rear roof openings, at least one front roof panel which has a closed position in which the front roof panel covers the front roof opening, the front roof panel being selectively movable from the closed position to at least partially expose the front roof opening such that a rear edge of the front roof panel cover is displaced over the fixed roof structure. The openable vehicle roof further includes at least one rear roof panel which has a closed position in which the rear roof panel covers the rear roof opening over a cargo space in the rear area of the motor vehicle.  
           [0003]    2. Description of Related Art  
           [0004]    Published European Patent Application EP 0 531 881 A1 discloses a motor vehicle roof with two covers which are located in succession in a solid motor vehicle roof. The two covers can be actuated by a single drive, but actuation can take place separately for each cover. Furthermore, motor vehicles are known in which a rear window in a rear hatch can be separately lowered to facilitate access to the rear cargo space of the motor vehicle especially for stowing bulky articles. Published German Patent Application DE 197 13 347 A1 discloses an externally guided sliding roof in which the rear edge of the cover is supported by separate support levers which can be moved on sliding elements in guides which are located laterally outside the roof opening.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0005]    An object of the present invention is to provide an motor vehicle roof which in a closed position, allows selectively variable light incidence.  
           [0006]    A second object of the present invention is to provide such a motor vehicle roof with enhanced ventilation of the interior of the motor vehicle interior.  
           [0007]    A third object of the present invention is to provide such a motor vehicle roof with facilitates easy loading of a cargo space in the interior of the motor vehicle.  
           [0008]    These and other objects are achieved by providing an openable motor vehicle roof having a rear roof system located in a rear area behind a fixed roof structure and includes at least one rigid cover which covers a rear roof opening to thereby enable a large loading opening in the motor vehicle roof for stowage of bulky articles. Loading of the cargo space is simplified by the rear cover part with its rear edge directly bordering an essentially vertical vehicle body part such as a rear hatch, a rear door or a rear window of the motor vehicle. Thus, by lowering the rear window into the rear door or the rear hatch with the rear cover open, a continuous opening can be attained which includes the rear roof area and half the height of the rear door. Thus, the cargo area is cleared similarly to a pick-up truck for loading from the rear and at the top.  
           [0009]    Moreover, located in front of the fixed roof structure is a front roof system with at least one cover which can be moved above or below the solid motor vehicle roof and which can be raised with its rear edge over the solid motor vehicle roof. This combination of two conventional roof systems makes it possible to protect the cover which has been pushed forward by the cover of the front roof system raised with its rear edge against incoming wind forces. Furthermore, for improved through-ventilation of the motor vehicle interior the covers of the two roof systems can be opened at least into a pivoted ventilation position. To simplify loading, it is advantageous if the rear cover part with its rear edge directly borders the rear hatch, the rear door or the rear window of the motor vehicle. Therefore, by lowering the rear window into the rear door, the rear hatch or the rear window with the rear cover part open, a continuous opening can be attained which includes the rear roof area and half the height of the rear door. Thus, the cargo area is cleared similarly to a pick-up truck for loading from the rear and at the top. Another advantageous aspect of the present invention is to allow the cover of the front roof system to be completely raised higher with its rear edge than the opened cover(s) of the rear roof system. In this way, an airstream is routed completely over and beyond the rear cover(s).  
           [0010]    Between the two roof systems there is advantageously a fixed roof structure with a length which corresponds preferably to the front cover or the rear cover. Accordingly, the stability of the motor vehicle is increased by the connection between the side members. In addition, one of the covers at a time can be completely opened in a position such that it is placed over or under the middle area of the motor vehicle roof, while the other cover can be moved at least into one raised position, but preferably likewise into an at least partially shifted position.  
           [0011]    An exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a front roof system which is an externally guided sliding roof with a cover supported proximate its rear edge by support levers which have bottom ends. The bottom ends are supported on sliding elements which can be moved on guides which lie laterally outside the roof opening. The use of an externally guided sliding roof thereby enables comfortable clearance of a large front roof opening as long as the rear cover part has not reached a certain degree of opening. Accordingly, the motor vehicle has a dual use for the user: with the front roof system opened, it offers the advantage of a large sliding roof, with the rear roof system opened, it offers generous access to the cargo space, and at the same time with the front cover raised provides air ventilation.  
           [0012]    Moreover, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the front and the rear roof system is preferably driven via separate electric drives which are triggered by a common control device such that the cover of the front roof system can be only raised in a longitudinal direction when the rear roof system has reached at least a certain partial degree of opening. Therefore, the control device assumes the task of preventing collisions between the separate roof systems. According to one embodiment, the cover of the front roof system is lifted into its raised position as soon as the control device receives a signal for opening the rear roof system at least for a certain partial degree of opening. In this way, the front cover can be used as a wind deflector for the opened rear cover part.  
           [0013]    Finally, it is advantageous if the front roof system is preceded by a wind deflector louver which is pivoted into a raised position as soon as the cover of the front roof system has reached at least a certain partial degree of opening. This embodiment also effectively protects the front roof opening with the front cover moved at least partially to the rear against draft and wind noise. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0014]    [0014]FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a motor vehicle roof in accordance with the present invention;  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the motor vehicle roof as shown in FIG. 1 with the front cover opened;  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the motor vehicle roof as shown in FIG. 1 with the rear cover opened;  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the motor vehicle roof as shown in FIG. 3 with the rear window additionally lowered;  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the left side member;  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a motor vehicle roof with a rear lifting roof;  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a motor vehicle roof as shown in FIG. 6 with the rear cover raised;  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a motor vehicle roof as shown in FIG. 6 with the rear cover removed;  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of a motor vehicle roof with a front openable roof system, a wind deflector louver, and a rear roof system which lies behind the area of the solid motor vehicle roof;  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of the motor vehicle roof as shown in FIG. 9 in which the opened front cover is made as a sliding and lifting roof and the rear cover is made as an externally-guided sliding roof; and  
         [0024]    [0024]FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the motor vehicle roof as shown in FIG. 9 in which the opened front cover is made as an externally guided sliding roof and the rear cover is made as a sliding and lifting roof. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0025]    [0025]FIGS. 1 through 5 show a motor vehicle roof  1  including a fixed roof structure  6 , a front window  7  which adjoins a wind deflector louver  3 , a front cover  4  of an externally-guided sliding roof which forms the front roof system, and a rear cover panel  5  of a rear roof system which is likewise made as an externally-guided sliding roof which opens from back to front with respect to the front cover  4 . As shown in FIG. 2, the externally guided front sliding roof with its panel  4  and the externally-guided rear sliding roof with its rear panel  5  are bordered laterally by side members  2 . Disposed between the two roof systems is an area  6  of the solid motor vehicle roof  1  having a length, when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the motor vehicle, that is substantially equal to the panel  4  or the panel  5 .  
         [0026]    As shown in FIG. 4, a rear edge  5 D of the rear panel  5  directly borders the top edge of a rear window  10  which is supported to be lowered into the rear of a rear door  9  or rear hatch. As shown in FIG. 2, in a raised state, the panel  4  of the externally guided sliding roof in the area of its rear edge  4 D is supported by a support lever  20  on each side. As shown in FIG. 5, the lower end of the support lever  20  is pivotably supported on a sliding element  19  which is guided to move longitudinally in a guide channel  18 . The guide channel  18  is formed in the guide rail  17  which is supported on the side member  2 . The guide channel  18  is opened to the top for the emergence of the support lever  20  and is covered, with the panel  4  closed, by two sealing elements (not shown) and which are located on either side on the top edge of the guide channel  18 .  
         [0027]    The sealing elements (not shown) are each provided with a sealing lip which, with the panel  4  closed and the support lever  20  lowered, tightly adjoin one another and completely cover the guide channel  18  to the top. When the rear edge  4 D of the panel  4  is raised, the support lever  20  assumes its support function, and thus, emerges past the sealing lips to the top over the solid motor vehicle roof  1 . Thus, the sealing lips diverge to the side and conform to the support lever  20 .  
         [0028]    Viewed from the side member  2  to the inside, the guide rail  17  in the area of the front roof opening  15  or the rear roof opening  16  adjoins a guide rail  11 , in the guide channel  12  of which the front sliding element  21  of the front panel  4  or the rear sliding element  22  of the rear panel  5  is supported to be able to move longitudinally. The front sliding element  21  supports the front pivoting axis of the panel  4  and the rear sliding element  22  supports the rear pivoting axis of the panel  5 . In an opened state, the front panel  4  is thereby supported to the front area via its pivoting axis on the sliding elements  21  and in the rear area by means of the support lever  20 . The front panel  4  is moved by the stable support in the area of its rear edge so far to the rear that approximately ninety percent of the front roof opening  15  is cleared.  
         [0029]    The rear panel  5  is supported in the area of its rear edge via a pivot axis on the sliding elements  22 . In the area of the front edge, support is effected via the support levers  14  having lower ends that are supported on sliding elements  13  which are guided in the guide channel  18  of the guide rail  17  when the rear panel  5  is moved forward. Accordingly, the mechanism of moving the rear panel  5  corresponds essentially to the mechanism for the front panel  4 , however, they differ solely in that the rear panel  5  is actuated in a reverse direction, specifically, from back to front with respect to the front panel  4 .  
         [0030]    In FIG. 3, shows the rear roof system with the panel  5  in completely opened state whereby the panel  5  is moved from back to front. In this way, the rear roof opening  16  is almost completely cleared, i.e., to approximately ninety percent. With the simultaneous lowering of the rear window  10  into the rear door  9  or the rear hatch, a loading opening is cleared which includes not only the rear roof area, but also the top area of the rear motor vehicle covering. In this way, a rear cargo area  8  is formed having an area which corresponds roughly to that of a pick-up truck, thereby, bulky cargo can be loaded in the cargo surface  8 . As shown in FIG. 3, the opened rear roof opening  16  already enables a generous loading possibility for long articles, for example, a surfboard  26 , as cargo. To support long articles on the rear edge of the roof opening  16 , a bow can be inserted which is attached laterally in the area of the guide rails  11 .  
         [0031]    The panel  5  which is pushed to the front is effectively protected against an oncoming airstream by the panel  4  which is raised in several intermediate stages up to as far as the completely raised position. The position of the rear edge  4 D of the panel  4  in the completely raised state is higher by a height difference h than the raised front edge of the panel  5  such that an airstream is guided completely over and beyond the rear panel  5 . The rear roof opening  16  is, thus, also effectively protected against the draft of the airstream.  
         [0032]    As shown in FIG. 2, when the front panel  4  is in an opened state, the rear panel  5  is completely closed. Conversely, the front panel  4  of the externally guided sliding roof is raised with its rear edge, the function of the support lever  20  being suggested at the same time. The front panel  4  can be moved almost completely to the rear over the rear panel  5  to provide a clearance for the front roof opening  15 . This is possible because the guide rails  17  for the panel  4  or the support lever  20  are located laterally outside the guide rails  11 . Moreover, to protect the front roof opening  15  likewise against the draft when the panel  4  is opened, the wind deflector louver  3  is raised.  
         [0033]    In a second embodiment shown in FIGS.  6  to  8 , the rear roof system is formed by a lifting roof with a panel  25  which can be raised with its rear edge, and in accordance with another option, the rear roof opening  16  can be completely removed from the motor vehicle roof. The panel  25  is preceded by the large panel  24  of the externally guided sliding roof. By way of the panel  24 , a large front roof opening can be cleared when the panel  24  is moved to the rear over the panel  25  in the same manner and structure as the panel  4  in the first embodiment, i.e., on guide rails (not shown). In turn, the panel  24  is preceded by a wind deflector louver  23  which routes an airstream over and beyond the front roof opening when the panel  24  is pushed at least partially to the rear. As shown in FIG. 8, when the rear panel  25  is raised, and especially when it is completely removed, the motor vehicle can be loaded with long articles such a s a surfboard  26 .  
         [0034]    As shown in FIGS.  9  to  11 , a motor vehicle roof system  31  includes a wind deflector louver  33  which adjoins a front window  37 , a front panel  34  and a rear panel  35 . Disposed between the front panel  34  and the rear panel  35  is an area  36  of the solid motor vehicle roof  31  having a length which, when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, is approximately the same as the lengths of both the front panel  34  and the rear panel  35 . The rear edge of the rear panel  35  directly borders the top edge of the rear window  40  which is supported to be lowered into a bottom area of a rear door or rear hatch.  
         [0035]    In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the front panel  34  of the front roof system is made as a sliding and pivoting roof that can be lowered or raised in a conventional manner with its rear edge over the solid motor vehicle roof  31  and can be moved to the rear underneath the level of the solid motor vehicle roof  31 . The rear panel  35  of the rear roof system is made as an externally guided sliding roof, the rear panel  35 , however, opening from back to front with respect to the front panel  34 . The front sliding and lifting roof with its panel  34  and the externally guided rear sliding roof with its rear panel  35  are bordered laterally by the side members  32 .  
         [0036]    As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the rear roof system with the rear panel  35  is completely opened, the panel  35  having moved from back to front. In this way the rear roof opening  46  is almost completely cleared, i.e., approximately ninety percent. With the simultaneous lowering of the rear window  40  into the rear door or the rear hatch, a loading opening is cleared which includes not only the rear roof area, but also the top part of the rear motor vehicle covering. Accordingly, a rear cargo area  38  is formed which corresponds roughly to that of a pick-up truck, thereby, bulky cargo can be loaded into the cargo area  38 . The opened rear roof opening  46  enables a generous loading possibility for long articles, for example, a surfboard, as cargo. To support long articles on the rear edge of the roof opening  46 , a bow can be inserted which can be attached laterally in the area of the guide rails.  
         [0037]    The rear panel  35  which is pushed to the front can be effectively protected against an oncoming airstream by the front panel  34  which can be raised from several intermediate stages to as far as the completely raised position. The position of the rear edge of the front panel  34  in the completely raised state is preferably somewhat higher than the raised front edge of the panel  35  such that an airstream is routed completely over and beyond the rear panel  35 . The rear roof opening  46  is, thus, also effectively protected against an airstream draft.  
         [0038]    For the opened state, which is shown in FIG. 10, the rear panel  35  is opened. The front panel  34  is lowered to clear the front roof opening  45  and is moved to the rear almost completely under the rear panel  35  or the area  36  of the solid motor vehicle roof  31  which lies therebetween. This is possible because the guide rails for the front panel  34  or its support lever are located laterally outside the guide rails of the rear panel  35 . To protect the front roof opening  45  likewise against the draft, with the front panel  34  opened a wind deflector louver  33  is raised.  
         [0039]    As shown in FIG. 11, the front panel  34  of the front roof system in this embodiment is made as an externally guided sliding roof. In a raised state, the front panel  34  in the area of its rear edge is supported by one support lever on each side. The lower end of the support lever is pivotally mounted on a sliding element which is guided to be able to move longitudinal in a guide channel. The guide channel is made in a guide rail which is supported on the side member  32 . The guide channel is opened to the top for the emergence of the support lever and is covered, with the front panel  34  closed, by two sealing elements (not shown) and which are located on either side on the top edge of the guide channel.  
         [0040]    The sealing elements each are provided with a sealing lip which, with the front panel  34  closed and the support lever lowered, tightly adjoin one another and completely cover the guide channel to the top. When the rear edge of the front panel  34  is raised, the support lever assumes its support function, and thus, emerges past the sealing lips to the top over the solid motor vehicle roof  31 . The sealing lips, thus, diverge to the side and conform to the support lever.  
         [0041]    Viewed from the side member  32  to the inside, the guide rail for the support lever of the externally guided sliding roof, in the area of the front roof opening  45  or the rear roof opening  46 , adjoins a guide rail, in the guide channel of which the front sliding element of the front panel  34  or the front and the rear sliding element of the rear panel  35  is supported to be able to move longitudinally. The front sliding element is used to support the front pivoting axis of the panel  34 . The rear sliding element is used to support the rear pivoting axis of the panel  35 . In the opened state, the front panel  34  is, thus, supported in the front area via its pivoting axis on the front sliding elements and in the rear area by means of the support lever. The front panel  34  can be moved by the stable support in the area of its rear edge so far to the rear that approximately ninety percent of the front roof opening  45  are cleared.  
         [0042]    The rear panel  35  is supported in the area of its rear edge via its pivot axis on the slide elements. In the area of the front edge, support is effected via the conventional mechanism of a sliding and lifting roof which is supported on sliding elements which likewise are guided, when the rear panel  35  is moved forward, in the guide rail on the edge of the rear roof opening  46 . The difference from a conventional sliding and lifting roof consists in the reversed arrangement and the displacement to open in the direction of travel.  
         [0043]    The motor vehicle roof which has been described combines the advantages of a externally guided sliding roof with those of a second rear roof system for the special purpose of clearing a rear cargo area. While the present invention provides a sliding roof system, the present invention is not limited to such a system and may reasonably encompass other systems, for example, instead of the externally guided sliding roof, a spoiler roof can also be used for the front or the rear roof system. Moreover, instead of a sliding and lifting roof a simple sliding roof can also be used.