Abstract:
A flow duct is provided in which water is caused to flow by way of a delivery device disposed in a circulation line. In order to be able to adapt the flow inside the duct to the particular requirements, and/or achieve a laminar flow over the entire flow region, a plurality of circulation lines is provided, each having a controllable delivery device, wherein the circulation lines lead into the flow duct separately from each other, and wherein the discharge openings of the circulation lines are distributed over the face wall of the flow duct.

Description:
[0001]    This nonprovisional application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/AT2010/000048, which was filed on Feb. 23, 2010, and which claims priority to Austrian Patent Application No. GM 98/2009, which was filed in Austria on Feb. 24, 2009, and which are both herein incorporated by reference. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0003]    The invention relates to a flow channel in which water is caused to flow by means of a delivery device disposed in a circulation line. 
         [0004]    2. Description of the Background Art 
         [0005]    Highly diverse variations are prior in the art in this regard, whereby both turbine drives and jet propulsion are used in the circulation lines. In all known designs, however, different flow rates in the swimming zone occur, namely, in the horizontal and vertical direction. This is based on the fact that there are frictional resistances in the area of the walls and the bottom of the flow channel, whereby in addition turbulences also occur within the flows. Efforts have been made to correct these turbulences or different flows by deflection systems, egg crate grids, and stagnation pressure grids. These correction attempts do in fact improve the flow pattern, but different results are achieved at different flow velocities. To adjust these, said grids and deflection devices are made adjustable to match accordingly the flow velocities. This brings about turbulences because of the braking and deflection elements, which is not favorable for the flow pattern. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0006]    It is an object of the invention to provide a flow channel, in which uniform flow velocities can be achieved over the entire cross section of the channel, and/or the velocities are adjustable to the specific circumstances. 
         [0007]    According to an embodiment of the invention, this object is attained in that a plurality of circulation lines each having a controllable delivery device is provided, whereby the circulation lines discharge separated from one another into the flow channel, and whereby the outlets of the circulation lines are distributed over the end wall of the flow channel. Thus, braking and deflection elements become unnecessary, as a result of which there is better utilization of the introduced energy. In addition, because of the individually controllable delivery device the flow velocity can be regulated in each of the circulation lines individually as needed. 
         [0008]    Advantageously, the circulation lines can be divided into zones whose delivery devices are controlled differently. In this way, an increased resistance in the area of the walls or the bottom can be compensated by suitable control of the associated delivery devices. To this end, in the zones adjacent to the side walls and/or the bottom, the delivery devices can be adjusted to a higher flow velocity. 
         [0009]    To standardize the flow further, the intake openings in the circulation lines can be disposed in the opposite end wall at the same height compared with the outlets in the flow channel. This achieves that the water can flow in a laminar manner in the flow channel. The design of the invention can therefore also be used as a parallel flow delivery device. 
         [0010]    As an alternative to this, the intake openings of all circulation lines can also be disposed in the bottom area of the flow channel end opposite to the outlets, by which the water is drawn off via a uniform flow. 
         [0011]    To achieve the most real-time regulation of the water flow possible, the delivery devices of all circulation lines can be regulated depending on the flow resistance in the associated circulation lines. To coordinate the delivery devices to one another, the delivery devices can be controlled via a common control unit. To this end, the control unit can be connected to sensors, measuring devices, or the like extending into the flow, whose measurement results are the control variables for the control unit. 
         [0012]    Finally, a tube de-aerating device can be provided at each circulation line, for example, downstream of the delivery device, by which air entry, affecting the flow, in the flow channel is avoided. 
         [0013]    Further scope of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description given hereinafter. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0014]    The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description given hereinbelow and the accompanying drawings which are given by way of illustration only, and thus, are not limitive of the present invention, and wherein: 
           [0015]      FIG. 1  shows the subject of the invention in a vertical longitudinal section; 
           [0016]      FIG. 2  shows it in a vertical cross section; 
           [0017]      FIG. 3  shows a plan view of the flow channel; 
           [0018]      FIG. 4  again shows a vertical longitudinal cross section; 
           [0019]      FIG. 5  shows a bottom view of the circulation lines with a schematic illustration of the control plan of the delivery devices; 
           [0020]      FIG. 6  shows a vertical cross section; 
           [0021]      FIG. 7  shows a bottom view, analogous to  FIG. 5 , with a different control device; 
           [0022]      FIG. 8  again shows a bottom view according to  FIG. 5 , but with delivery devices driven by a hydraulic motor; 
           [0023]      FIG. 9  shows a bottom view analogous to  FIG. 5 , in which oil pressure turbines are arranged; 
           [0024]      FIG. 10  shows a longitudinal cross section with a person training in the flow channel; 
           [0025]      FIG. 11  shows a plan view of the flow channel with indicated flow; 
           [0026]      FIG. 12  is a side view analogous to  FIG. 10  with an athlete on a treadmill; 
           [0027]      FIG. 13  again shows the flow conditions in a plan view; 
           [0028]      FIG. 14  shows a longitudinal cross section with a swimmer in the pool, whereby the delivery devices are active only in the topmost zone; 
           [0029]      FIG. 15  shows a plan view with indicated flow pattern; and 
           [0030]      FIG. 16  shows a longitudinal cross section, whereby only one circulation line is drawn here in which a deaeration device is installed. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0031]    In any of the appended drawings, the same reference characters are used throughout for the same parts in all figures. Thus, the number  1  designates a flow channel, whose circulation lines  2 ,  3 ,  4  open out in front end wall  5 . Delivery elements  6 , driven by a motor  7 , are disposed in each circulation line  2 ,  3 ,  4 . The delivery elements in this case, as shown, can be disposed in the horizontal section of the circulation lines, whereby an arrangement in the vertical part of the circulation line is also possible, without the function being detrimentally affected. Further, as likewise not shown, the circulation lines can be returned running laterally from the pool. 
         [0032]    The circulation lines  2 ,  3 ,  4  emerge from the back end wall  24 , whereby the intake openings  23  thereof are disposed at the same height as outlets  25  of circulation lines  2 ,  3 ,  4  in front end wall  5 . The flows achieved by means of individual circulation lines  2 ,  3 ,  4  in the flow channel are designated in the vertical direction by v 1 , v 2 , v 3  in the first area, by v 4 , v 5 , v 6  in the central area, and by v 7 , v 8 , v 9  in the end area. In the transverse direction, the flows are designated by vA, vB, vC, vD. To keep all flow velocities distributed in the flow channel at same value, the flow velocities vα, vβ, and vγ are controlled within the circulation lines via regulation of delivery devices  6 . 
         [0033]    To regulate the flow velocity in flow channel  1 , in the wall thereof flow measuring transducers  8  are provided, which pass on the results to a electronic control  10 , which regulates drive motors  7  of delivery device  6  via a control panel  11  and controller  12 . In addition, in the circulation lines flow meters  9  can be provided, which likewise pass the determined data to the electronic control  10 . Depending on the value achieved via flow meter  8  and flow meter  9 , the speed of the delivery device is set by the controller. 
         [0034]    In the embodiment shown in  FIG. 7 , the regulation of drive motors  7  of delivery device  6  occurs via the controller, which is designed as a frequency converter  12 ′. The regulation in this case occurs in the same manner as already described above. 
         [0035]    In the drive arrangement shown in  FIG. 8 , a hydraulic drive is provided for delivery device  6 ; namely, an oil pressure pump  13  is used for this purpose, which via oil pressure lines  14  controls control valves  15 , which in turn then control the performance of an oil pressure turbine  16 . Said oil pressure turbine is then connected via a drive shaft to delivery device  6  within the circulation lines. To regulate control valves  15 , a control panel is again provided, which receives the measured data via flow meter  9  and optionally via flow meter  8  (not shown). Via said control panel then depending on the measurement results, control valves  15  are controlled and regulated via the control lines drawn as dotted lines. 
         [0036]    In the embodiment variant according to  FIG. 9 , the delivery device within circulation lines  2 ,  3 , and  4  is designed as a water jet pump  18 , which is controlled via a corresponding drive motor  17 . The control of said drive motor  17  again occurs via an electrical control panel  11 , which is connected via control lines, on one side, with the flow meters  9  or flow meters  8  (not shown), disposed in circulation lines  2 ,  3 ,  4 , in flow channel  1  to electronic control panel  12 , in which frequency converters  12 ′ are provided to control drive motors  17 . 
         [0037]    In addition, tube de-aerators  22  are provided in the circulation lines, in order to again separate the air, which is taken up by the water via the surface and flows in with the water via the circulation lines, from the circulated liquid ( FIG. 16 ). 
         [0038]    In the exemplary embodiment shown in  FIGS. 10 and 11 , a training person  19  is shown in the flow channel, the person, who for therapeutic purposes, performs exercises or the like in the flow channel. For this therapy, a flow velocity is set greater than 0 only in the bottom area; i.e., v 3  is greater than 0. v 1  and v 2  are equal to 0, whereby to move the legs the training person must only overcome a flow resistance or movement resistance. To this end, vα is set so that the flow velocity v 3  has the desired value, but vβ and vγ are 0. The velocity is set uniformly across the transverse extent of the flow channel (i.e., that all circulation lines located in the plane of the flow velocity v 3  have a circulation velocity of vα), whereby optionally the circulation lines adjacent to the side walls of flow channel  1  have a slightly higher circulation velocity, so that the friction losses in the edge regions are compensated and a uniform laminar flow over the entire width of the flow channel is achieved. 
         [0039]    In the exemplary embodiment according to  FIGS. 12 and 13 , a treadmill  20 , on which the training person  19  runs, is placed in flow channel  1 . To this end, as shown in  FIG. 12 , circulation lines  2 ,  3  are active in the two zones near the bottom (i.e., vα and vβ are greater than 0), as a result of which within the flow channel in the area of the legs a flow velocity v 2  and v 3  becomes established, which is the same among themselves and overall greater than 0. There is no flow in the area of the upper body, i.e., v 1  is equal to 0 and the delivery device in circulation line  3  is not active. In the transverse extent of flow channel  1 , again all velocities are set uniform, so that a laminar flow is achieved over the entire width of the flow channel. 
         [0040]    In  FIGS. 14 and 15 , the conditions for a swimmer  21  are shown, who runs through his training tasks in the flow channel. In this case, the velocity v 1  is greater than 0 only in the surface area and the delivery devices of circulation lines  2  and  3  are not active in areas v 2  and v 3 , so that the flow velocity vα and vβ is zero in the circulation line and accordingly in this area the swimmer need not overcome any flow. A laminar flow is again achieved across the transverse extent of the flow channel. 
         [0041]    The circumstance that an artificial flow is generated only in the surface area has the result that if the flow velocity v 1  is too high, the swimmer has the option of letting himself sink to the bottom, whereby he can then push off the end wall  24  ( 21 ′) and immersed without a countercurrent in  21 ″ can again emerge in the flow area. 
         [0042]    It can be stated in summary that the flow channel of the invention can be used with great versatility and can be regulated adapted to specific requirements. 
         [0043]    The invention being thus described, it will be obvious that the same may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are to be included within the scope of the following claims.