Abstract:
A recycle system for a worthless or useless material, characterized in that the worthless or useless materials is subjected to pyrolysis to form a carbonized components, a gaseous component from the worthless or useless material is cooled and liquefied, and the liquefied product is fractionated to produce a useful material. The recycle system allows the production of useful material from a worthless or useless material at a lower cost as compared to a conventional system.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    The present invention relates to a recycle system for worthless or useless material.  
         BACKGROUND ART  
         [0002]    There are several kinds of natural wood (worthless, useless or unnecessary materials), such as waste wood pieces in a crescent or other shapes which are left during manufacturing constructional wood materials, and driftwood or lumbers from thinning which accumulate in a dam or the like. Because of the economical problem, such unnecessary natural wood materials are seldom used to be carbonized (thermally decomposed or by pyrolysis) to produce charcoal or the like, but mainly chipped for papermaking and burned away.  
           [0003]    In addition, there are other types of constructional waste materials (worthless, useless or unnecessary materials) to which non-natural substances such as adhesive and paint are adhered. These constructional waste materials are not used in manufacturing charcoal and the like by carbonization (thermal decomposition or pyrolysis) because of the economical problem and the problem of the danger of the vaporized components from the non-natural substances.  
           [0004]    It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a recycle system for worthless, useless or unnecessary materials which can reduce the cost compared with conventional systems.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0005]    In order to solve the above problems, in a recycle system for worthless, useless or unnecessary material according to the present invention, a carbonized component is obtained by thermal decomposition of worthless, useless or unnecessary material, and a vaporized gaseous component from the unnecessary material is cooled and liquefied, and the cooled and liquefied component is fractionated and a useful substance is taken out therefrom.  
           [0006]    According to this recycle system, a substance, which is taken out after fractionating the cooled and liquefied component, as well as the carbonized component obtained by thermally decomposing the unnecessary material, can be reused as useful substances. Namely, the vaporized component, the disposal processing of which has been a troublesome issue, can be made usable.  
           [0007]    In addition, since the vaporized component generated at the time of pyrolysis of the unnecessary material is cooled and liquefied, it is not necessary to install a secondary flue gas incineration equipment for incinerating the vaporized component, and hence the cost of a facility of a carbonizing system can be lowered.  
           [0008]    The unnecessary material can be carbonized by, for example, dry distillation.  
           [0009]    The fractionation includes, for example, temperature fractional distillation and chemical fractional distillation. Temperature fractional distillation using a rectifying tower or by means of vacuum distillation, atmospheric distillation and pressure distillation, fractional distillation using supercriticality, fractional distillation using chemical substance or combinations of any of them can be used. A temperature at which a liquefied component is fractionated may be set depending on its availability and economical efficiency.  
           [0010]    One example of worthless, useless or unnecessary materials is natural wood material including waste wood pieces in a crescent or other shapes which are left during manufacturing constructional wood materials, and driftwood or lumbers from thinning which accumulate in a dam or the like. Carbide obtained from the unnecessary wood material can be used as charcoal, and wood vinegar (or pyroligneous acid) and wood tar oil obtained by cooling and liquefying the vaporized component are fractionated and refined to be made use of as useful substances. The cooling/liquefying temperature can be set, for example, about −20° C. to 90° C.  
           [0011]    Another example of worthless, useless or unnecessary materials is constructional waste material in which a non-natural substance such as adhesive or paint is adhered to a wood component. A carbonized substance from the constructional waste material can be used as charcoal, and its vaporized component is fractionated and inherently useful substance such as pyroligneous acid or wood tar oil can be taken out therefrom. At the time of the fractionation, impurities and dangerous or hazardous substances are also produced from the vaporized component, but these impurities and dangerous substances are refined to be usable as pure substances. The cooling/liquefying temperature can be set, for example, about −20° C. to 90° C.  
           [0012]    Furthermore, another example of worthless, useless or unnecessary materials is a synthetic resin material (plastic waste material or the like). Similarly, from the unnecessary synthetic resin material, a carbonized component and other useful substances can be obtained.  
           [0013]    Simple cooling methods at the time of liquefaction include, for example, showering the liquefied component itself and using a simple baffle plate or the like.  
           [0014]    Further, a less liquefiable vaporized component may be refluxed so as to be used as a heat source for thermal decomposition of the carbonized component. With such a structure, the less liquefiable vaporized component can be made a fuel for thermally decomposing the wood component, and the safety of the less liquefiable vaporized component can be secured by high temperature calcination.  
           [0015]    From the above-mentioned recycle system, a carbonized component can be obtained and other useful substances can be taken out. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0016]    [0016]FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a recycle system of worthless, useless or unnecessary material according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; and  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing a recycle system of worthless, useless or unnecessary material according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0018]    In a recycle system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, natural wood such as waste wood pieces in a crescent or other shapes which are made during manufacturing constructional wood materials, and driftwood or lumbers from thinning which accumulate in a dam or the like are used as unnecessary materials.  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 1 shows the recycle system of Embodiment 1. In this system, the unnecessary material is conveyed from an unnecessary material storage yard  11 , through a conveyor  12 , a crusher  13 , a conveyor  14 , a dryer  15  and a silo  16 , and put into a carbonizing furnace  1 . In this embodiment, a rotary kiln carbonizing furnace  1  is used. Numeral  17  denotes an actuating burner. Carbon components are collected from the carbonizing furnace  1  into a charcoal silo  18 , while metal substances are sorted out by a magnetic separator  19  and collected into a metal silo  20 .  
         [0020]    The vaporized component is collected in a water cooling capacitor  2 . The water cooling capacitor  2  is connected with a cooling tower  21  and a cooling water pump  22 . Numeral  23  denotes a gas air heater and numeral  24  denotes a drying fan. The cooled and liquefied component is transferred through a cyclone  25 , a gas seal tank  26 , a liquefied component tank  27  and a liquid feeding pump  28  to a still pot  3  and is received in a rectifying tower  4  and then fractional distillation receiving tanks  5 .  
         [0021]    According to this system, a wood type unnecessary material is thermally decomposed in the rotary kiln carbonizing furnace  1  by dry distillation, and thereby a carbonized component is obtained. The vaporized component from the unnecessary material is cooled and liquefied in the water cooling capacitor  2  at the liquefying/cooling temperature of about −20° C. to 90° C. The cooled and liquefied component is temperature-fractionated from the still pot  3  to the rectifying tower  4  and usable substances are taken out into the fractional distillation receiving tanks  5 .  
         [0022]    The carbide obtained from the wood type unnecessary material can be made charcoal. Moreover, pyroligneous acid and wood tar oil which are obtained by cooling and liquefying the vaporized component from the unnecessary material are fractionated and refined to produce useful substances. Namely, the recycle system of unnecessary material stated above can provide not only the carbonized component but also the useful substances.  
         [0023]    According to this recycle system, not only the carbonized component obtained by thermally decomposing the unnecessary material, but also the substances taken out from the vaporized component after cooling, liquefying and fractionating are recycled and reused as useful substances. As a result, this system enables a lower cost recycling as a whole compared with conventional systems.  
         [0024]    Up to the present, in case of producing charcoal from natural wood or constructional waste material, for the purpose of pollution prevention, it is required to provide a secondary flue gas incineration equipment to a charcoal pot such as a carbonizing furnace in order to incinerate the vaporized component. This requirement causes to increase the cost. However, in the embodiment of the present invention, since the vaporized component at the time of thermal decomposition (pyrolysis) of the unnecessary materials is cooled and liquefied, a secondary flue gas incineration equipment for incinerating the vaporized component is not necessary. Therefore, the present invention has advantages of lowering the cost of the facility of the carbonizing system and effective use of the vaporized component which has been causing troubles of disposal.  
         [0025]    Further, the less liquefiable vaporized component is refluxed to the carbonizing furnace  1  by means of an inducing fan  6  or the like, and used as an externally supplied fuel for thermally decomposing a wood component at the time of producing a carbonized component. Calcination of the less liquefiable vaporized component at a high temperature can guarantee the safety of the vaporized component.  
         [0026]    Embodiment 2 of the present invention is described below mainly in conjunction with differences from Embodiment 1.  
         [0027]    As worthless, useless or unnecessary material, a constructional waste material in which non-natural substances such as adhesive and paint are adhered to a wood component is used. From the constructional waste material, charcoal and other substances such as pyroligneous acid and wood tar oil are respectively taken out, and impurities or dangerous or hazardous substances are taken out separately.  
         [0028]    [0028]FIG. 2 shows Embodiment 2. Similarly to Embodiment 1, the constructional waste material is carried to the rotary kiln carbonizing furnace  1  and thermally decomposed therein by dry distillation, and thereby a carbonized component is obtained. On the other hand, different from Embodiment 1, the vaporized component from the constructional waste material is cooled and liquefied by showering in a washing capacitor  2 ′ at a cooling/liquefying temperature of about −20° C. to 90° C. The washing capacitor  2 ′ is connected to an air cooling device  31 . The cooled and liquefied component is temperature-fractionated from the still pot  3  to the rectifying tower  4 . Inherently useful substances such as pyroligneous acid and wood tar oil, impurities, and dangerous or hazardous substances are respectively taken out into the fractional distillation receiving tanks  5 . The impurities and substances are refined to be made usable as the pure substances.  
         [0029]    Another example of simple cooling method is using a simple baffle plate and the like.  
         [0030]    In addition to the above-mentioned worthless, useless or unnecessary materials, there is another example such as a synthetic resin material (plastic waste material or the like). The carbonized component and the useful substances can be similarly obtained from the synthetic resin material. Moreover, the system according to Embodiment 1, 2, or the equivalent system thereof can be applicable regardless of types of worthless, useless or unnecessary materials.  
       INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY  
       [0031]    The present invention has the above-mentioned structure. A carbonized component can be obtained at a low cost from worthless, useless or unnecessary materials such as natural wood, constructional waste materials and plastic waste materials and the unnecessary materials can be reused as charcoal or the like. Moreover, the vaporized component from the unnecessary material is cooled, liquefied and fractionated, and useable substances other than the carbonized component can be taken out therefrom and reused. Also even hazardous substances or the like taken out therefrom are refined into pure substances and can be made reusable. Therefore, the present invention can provide a preferable recycle system of worthless, useless or unnecessary materials.