Abstract:
The present invention relates to a window, comprising a case ( 2 ) and a frame ( 4 ), swingably fastened in the case by a swinging arm assembly ( 3 ). The assembly has a base plate ( 5 ), fastened to a case side piece, one end of an upper swinging arm ( 6 ) being flexibly fastened at the top of the base plate and one end of a lower swinging arm ( 7 ) being fastened at the bottom of the base in a similar way. The other ends of the arms are flexibly fastened to the top of a frame plate ( 8 ), the lower end of which supports a swinging axle ( 9 ), to be inserted into the respective side piece of the frame. Releasable locking elements are mounted between the frame and the case as well as the assembly parts, which belong thereto, respectively for a swinging limitation of the frame in relation to the case, which limitation can be cancelled. According to the invention the blocking elements are mounted adjacent the swinging center of the frame, partly at the frame plate ( 8 ) and partly at the base plate ( 5 ). At least one of the stop mechanism parts can be drawn out and be inserted respectively in a telescopic way.

Description:
[0001]     This application is a national stage completion of PCT/SE2004/001180 filed Aug. 11, 2004 which claims priority from Swedish Application Serial No. 0302242-3 filed Aug. 19, 2003. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002]     The present invention relates to a window, a door or the like comprising a swinging arm assembly with stop means, of the type set forth in the preamble of claim  1 .  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0003]     A swinging arm assembly, comprising stop means, already is known through e.g. SE B 464 482. By means of such an assembly a window frame can be swung from a closed position to a partially opened up position, in which stop means start to function to stop the swinging movement from moving on to a larger opening angle. The object of this stop action is primarily to prevent children from falling out of the window. However, during window cleaning, painting etc. it is desirable to be able to open the window further or actually turn the frame around half a rotation, which is done by a manual actuation of the stop means, these stop means leaving their engagement position with said assembly, the frame then being able to be swung and possibly again to be locked in relation to the case and the assembly after a swinging motion of half a rotation, i.e. a locking of the window must be possible, also when the frame has been turned about 180°.  
         [0004]     Such stop means work in principle in a satisfactory way. However, in an assembly comprising such stop means a relatively large exchange of power takes place, i.e. typically in the order of magnitude of 1:5-1:20, i.e. a power, applied on the lower part of the frame, when the window is partially opened up, will be multiplied up to 20 times, when the frame reaches the stop means. The calculations for two assemblies, now being sold, have shown, that the force, which the stop means are subjected to, will be about 8 and 3.5 respectively times the force, directed outwards on the lower frame edge. Consequently, the stop means as well as the assembly have of necessity been dimensioned considering these conditions, which has resulted in larger dimensions, higher consumption of material and other considerations. Nevertheless, it has not been possible to avoid a tendency to marked elasticity. One aggravating circumstance resides in the fact, that the construction of the stop means is such, that the mounting will be done on only one case side, since the frame ought to be swung a small distance outwards simultaneously with the opening of the stop means, which quite likely cannot be done by just one person on the two case sides at the same time. However, in case one stop means will be applied only on one case side, a load on the frame on the other case side, particularly within the bottom area of the frame, will allow a development of elasticity forces in the frame, since there are on said other case side no stop means braking and checking these forces and the forces on the other case side may be active all the way up to the upper fastening of the frame, since it is necessary to allow for the weakness of the frame, particularly if the windows are relatively wide. Consequently, it will be difficult, regarding such already known constructions, to, especially on the frame side turned away from the stop means, limit the ventilation gap to e.g. not wider than 100 mm for a certain predetermined load.  
         [0005]     Another drawback may reside in the fact, that a child may see and learn, how stop means are opened up. In case there is only one stop means, the results may become disastrous. Another drawback may be, that the stop means are applied in an area, where it is possible to have one&#39;s fingers caught, which of course is a much greater risk for children. There is also certainly a distant but nevertheless not negligible risk, that the stop means stop functioning in the intended way, particularly after they have been used for a long time, resulting in difficulty closing the window. In case these correct controls are not forthcoming, the locking functioning and/or the functions of the frame will be jeopardized.  
         [0006]     It is e.g. objectionable to use such control elements as the force of gravity and/or springs and/or certain prescribed mounting positions. Finally, certain drawbacks may arise, in case the stop means are applied within an assembly, which already, because of its construction, requires a substantial space. In case this space must be increased because of the stop means, certain extraordinary steps might have to be taken to limit the space necessary for the stop means and its functioning.  
         [0007]     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0008]     The object of the present invention is to counter-act as far as possible and preferably eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks. Another object of the invention is to further develop the state of the art in this technical field in additional respects.  
         [0009]     These objects are attained according to the invention by designing a window, a door or the like, comprising a swinging arm assembly with stop means, of the type described in the introduction, in such a way, as mainly is set forth in the characterizing clause of claim  1 . Calculations have shown, that the force, which the stop means of an assembly according to the invention is subjected to, will be only about  2  times the outwardly directed force on the lower frame edge. Also, the arms of the assembly will not be subjected to these forces, but the forces will act only between the outer assembly arm and the case plate via the stop means. In already known solutions the forces in the stop means are active between the case plate and the lower assembly arm and are exchanged with a leverage in the lower assembly arm and with an additional leverage in the outer arm. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0010]     Additional characterizing features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, which show a few preferred but only exemplifying embodiments. The drawings show in detail:  
         [0011]      FIG. 1  the upper part of a window frame, inserted into a case with an assembly according to the invention, the frame being closed;  
         [0012]      FIG. 2  the assembly according to  FIG. 1 , with the frame in a ventilation position;  
         [0013]      FIG. 3  the entire case and frame with the assembly according to  FIG. 1 , with the frame in a released higher opened up position;  
         [0014]      FIG. 4   a - c  a lateral and an end and a front view respectively of the assembly according to  FIG. 1  in the closing position;  
         [0015]      FIG. 5 a  lateral view of the assembly according to  FIG. 4 ., in an open position between the closing position and the ventilation position;  
         [0016]      FIG. 6   a  a lateral view of the assembly according to  FIG. 4  in a locked ventilation position;  
         [0017]      FIGS. 7   a  and  b  a lateral and an end view respectively of the assembly according to  FIG. 4  in a not locked ventilation position;  
         [0018]      FIG. 8 a  lateral view of the assembly according to  FIG. 4  in a somewhat higher opened up-position than the ventilation position;  
         [0019]      FIGS. 9   a  and  b  a lateral and an end view respectively of the assembly according to  FIG. 4  in a higher opened-up position;  
         [0020]      FIGS. 10   a  and  b  a lateral and an end view respectively of the assembly according to  FIG. 4  in a closing phase between a ventilation position and a closing position;  
         [0021]      FIG. 11   a  a lateral view of the assembly according to  FIG. 4  in a somewhat more advanced closing phase than the view shown in  FIG. 10   a;    
         [0022]      FIG. 12  views from different directions of central stop means parts of the assembly according to  FIGS. 1-11  in a functional position between  FIGS. 4 and 5 ;  
         [0023]      FIG. 13  the corresponding views to views in  FIG. 12  of an alternative stop means design according to the invention;  
         [0024]      FIGS. 14   a  and  b  diametrical section views of assembly and stop means parts according to  FIG. 12 ;  
         [0025]      FIG. 15 a  view, which corresponds to  FIG. 14   b,  of a modified pivot design; and  
         [0026]      FIG. 16  views, which correspond to  FIG. 12  of another modified stop means design according to the invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0027]     In the drawings the same or similar parts have the same reference numerals. Thus, a window, a door or the like, designated  1  in its entirety, comprising a case  2 , in which, by means of a swinging arm assembly  3 , according to the invention, a window-frame  4  is swingably fastened, which in a known way can be swung 180°, when the window e.g. is to be cleaned.  
         [0028]     Swinging arm assembly  3  comprises a base plate  5 , fastened in a case piece side, within its upper section on its inner side, at which at the top of it the one end of an upper swinging arm  6  is articulately fastened and at the bottom of it in the same way the one end of a lower swinging arm  7 . The other ends of these swinging arms are articulately fastened at their upper parts to a frame plate  8 , the lower end of which carries a swinging axle  9  to be inserted into a respective side piece of the frame, which at its top is provided with a sliding mounting  10 , which is guided in a longitudinal groove  11  in said vertical case piece. Suitably two swinging arm assemblies and two sliding mountings are provided, one on each side between the side pieces of the case and the frame respectively. All important assembly parts suitably are made of metal. Also, the lower end of the frame is provided with a handle (not shown), designed to be used to shut the window at the lower end of the case.  
         [0029]     Such a frame can as a rule be swung 180° in order to facilitate a cleaning, a painting etc. However, it is not desirable, that such a swinging movement be carried out without obstructions, e.g. by children. Thus, stop means, designated  12  in their entirety, are mounted adjacent the swinging centre of the frame, preferably one stop means at each side of the window. One stop means part  13  is mounted at a side piece of the frame and another stop means part  14  at the adjacent side piece of the case. The stop means can in principle be fastened to the frame and the case respectively, but this is considered less suitable than a combination with the swinging arm assembly, in which the lower end of frame plate  8  can be provided with said one stop means part  13 , whereas the lower end of base plate  5  can be provided with said second stop means part  14 . Where appropriate, said plates can downwards form extensions  33  and  34  respectively beyond the swinging axle  9  and the free axle  35  of the lower swinging arm respectively, in order to house and support respectively said stop means parts. The latter may, if this is desirable, also change places in relation to what is shown in the drawings.  
         [0030]     Frame plate  8  carries, with its preferably beyond swinging axle  9  downwardly extended part  34 , said first stop means part  13  and also suitably is itself designed as a part of the same. A considerable portion of stop means part  13  is a guide groove  16 , open towards the other stop means part  14 , orifice  17  of which being constricted by means of claws  18 , facing each other, the outside of which consists of guiding surfaces  19  for said second stop means part, e.g. designed as bends, whereas the interior sides  20  of the claws mainly are perpendicular to the guide groove in order to form arresting means for said second stop means part. Guide groove  16  is located within the plane of the frame plate or within a plane, which is plane-parallel with the frame plate. Stop means part  13  is located at least mainly within the plane of the swinging arms and consequently does not occupy any additional space cross-wise along the swinging arm assembly. Stop means part  14  is located mainly within the planes of the swinging arms and the frame plate  8  and consequently also do not occupy any additional space cross-wise along the swinging arm assembly.  
         [0031]     According to a preferred embodiment, which is shown in the drawings, first stop means part  13  is telescopically designed in order to enhance its active length. To this end web  15  of a holding element  21 , having a C-shaped profile, in fastened to the side of the frame plate, which faces base plate  5 , e.g. by means of screws, riveting or welding  22 , with a section  24 . Said web includes a guiding groove  23 , which in the closing position of the assembly is at least mainly congruent with said guiding groove and thus is split in addition to said section  24 , which is located at the very end opposite the other stop means part and which may be the only or main fastening zone, if appropriate a limited bending around a screw, a rivet or the like  22  being allowed. Groove-like longitudinal sides  25  of holding element  21  hold and guide a runner  26 , which in its inserted position at the far end abuts a stop element, e.g. a leg  27  with an angle from frame plate  8  towards the adjacent case side piece. In the other direction runner  26  is stopped from being drawn out of the holding element by means of stop means, e.g. towards sections  28 , pressed against each other, of said groove-like longitudinal sides. These sections arrest the displacement of the runner towards the other stop means part  14 , because the runner is provided with ears  29 , which mutually project in opposite directions and are guided in groove-like longitudinal sides  25  and which ears thus abut sections  28  in the location at the far end of the runner. The runner has a plate-like shape and for the rest the shape, which is described in the introduction, with a guiding groove, claws facing each other and a section, located in the remotest location away from the other stop means part, from which said ears project but which of course is not fastened to the frame plate. Whereas the ears of the runner are guided by means of longitudinal sides  25  with a satisfactory slip fit, longitudinal sides  31  of the runner are solely or mainly guided by means of said section  28 , designed as a restriction. Finally, also the frame plate is provided with a guiding groove  32 , which is congruent in relation to the two guiding grooves mentioned above, i.e. which is super-imposed on the guiding groove of the holding element. In this way three different guiding grooves are obtained, superimposed on each other in the closing direction of the assembly.  
         [0032]     The other stop means part  14  includes a pivot  36 , which preferably is mounted in the extension of the base plate in a stationary housing  37 , which extends through said extension and projects a small distance from the case side of the extension, the housing with its projecting part being inserted into and fastened to, e.g. by means of a press fit, a blind hole (not shown) in the case. The pivot is inserted into the housing in a friction-controlled and removal-secure way, e.g. by providing the housing and/or the pivot with one or several grooves  38 ,  39  and  40  respectively, housing an O-ring  41  and a circlip  42  respectively.  
         [0033]     In the embodiment shown in  FIG. 14  the housing and the rivet have the same length and house in grooves  39  and  40  respectively, facing each other, in rivet base  30  and housing base  46  respectively a circlip  42 , whereas a groove  38  in the rivet base houses an O-ring  41 , compressed between the groove and the housing, friction being generated in this way. The housing is anchored through an upsetting with the material around a bore of the like  43  in the extension of the case plate.  
         [0034]     In the embodiment, shown in  FIG. 15 , rivet base  30  extends over the end of the housing, which faces the extension, and is here provided with a groove  39  for a circlip  42 . At its other end the rivet has a flange  44 , between which and the rivet body, which for the rest is cylindrical, as well as a bevel  45  in the housing an O-ring  41  is inserted during compression and consequently also a friction generated. The housing, which is somewhat shorter in this case, is obtained through an upsetting outwards of material from the extension, also an annular groove  47  being formed, designed to receive flange  44 .  
         [0035]     From the rivet body a stop element  48  with a multiple function extends towards stop means part  13 . Shoulder  48  of the stop element has in a certain rotational position a stop function and in another position, e.g. 90° clockwise or counter-clockwise in relation to said rotational position, a release function. This is achieved, preferably by designing the shoulder part as a plate, the width of the cross-sectional shape of which being twice as large as its thickness. In this way the thickness can pass through claws  18  but not the width, which mainly fills the width of the guiding groove and brings along, during a displacement, the runner by moving it along its interior sides  20 . Finally, guiding portion  49  of the stop element is bent at right angles in relation to the shoulder part around these wide sides and is designed as a lug, projecting in one direction, its sides  50  suitably diverging from the shoulder portion in order to facilitate an insertion, to be described below. Guiding portion  49  is wider than guiding groove  16 , preventing the guiding portion from passing through the guiding groove in a cross-wise direction. Guiding groove  32  of the frame plate diverges outwards, at least within the area of the orifice, which is designed with softly rounded stop faces  51 .  
         [0036]     A swinging arm assembly, designed in this way, functions in the following way:  
         [0037]      FIG. 4  represents the closing position of the window or the like. The runner is completely inserted into the holder and the guiding portion  49  occupies its principal stop position with the plate positioned cross-wise and with the lug forcibly guided into the innermost portion of the guiding groove of the frame plate.  
         [0038]      FIG. 5  shows the swinging arm assembly subsequent to an initial movement of the frame roughly half-way between the closing and the ventilation position. The runner has not been moved so far, but the guiding portion, with its plate-shaped shoulder, has hit the interior sides of the claws.  
         [0039]      FIG. 6  represents the ventilation position of the frame, which also can be stopped in this position through means, known per se, e.g. a locking arm (not shown), mounted at the bottom of the lower swinging arm, said locking arm being allowed to be swung and, roughly at right angles, hit leg  27  of the frame plate. In this position the runner has been maximally drawn out of the holder and is held, with the interior sides of its claws, against the plate-shaped shoulder of the guiding portion.  
         [0040]      FIG. 7  corresponds to  FIG. 6 , but the guiding portion has been swung with an angle of 90° downwards or upwards, manually and against the action of the built-in controlled friction, the plate-shaped shoulder being exposed with a narrow side to orifice  17  and then being able to pass out of it in order to completely release the frame and allow its maximal swinging with about 180° or more.  
         [0041]      FIG. 8  shows, that stop means part  13  right now has left the engagement with stop means part  14 . From now on the position of stop means part  14  will not be changed due to friction, in particularly the friction, generated by O-ring  41 .  
         [0042]      FIG. 9  represents a swinging arm assembly position, in which the frame has been swung a larger distance outwards, roughly the distance shown in  FIG. 3 .  
         [0043]     According to  FIG. 10  the frame and its frame plate have been swung back inside the ventilation position, the runner having been inserted and the plate-shaped portion having been passed by orifice  17 . Towards the still mainly transversely extending guiding portion  49  the frame plate has started to abut one of its stop surfaces  51  and has consequently swung guiding portion  49  somewhat outwards in relation to the innermost portion of guiding groove  32 .  
         [0044]     In  FIG. 11  the movement, described right now, has continued and guiding portion  49  has a little more than half-ways entered guiding groove  32 , additional swinging of the guiding portion having occurred, the plate-shaped portion almost completely having been placed cross-wise and consequently also in its stop position.  
         [0045]      FIG. 4  represents the completed entering of the frame plate onto the guiding portion, its plate portion completely occupying a cross-wise position and consequently stopping a passage through the orifice without any previous manual swinging.  
         [0046]      FIG. 13  shows an alternative stop means part  14 , in which however the section, which is to be anchored in the case plate, corresponds to e.g.  FIG. 15 . The section, which projects from the case plate, is, instead of an angled guiding portion, provided with an e.g. circular head  52  with a tool or key profiling  53 , preferably an Allen screw, designed to receive an Allen key. This design will further render more difficult an unauthorized manipulation of the stop means.  
         [0047]      FIG. 16  shows an alternative stop means  12 , in which a holder and a runner, guided in the holder, to a large extent corresponds to the embodiment shown and described above. However, the runner is closed at its front end by a cross bar  54 . Stop means part  14  is designed with a base  55 , attached to the case plate or the case side piece, from which base a tongue  56  extends towards stop means part  13 . The tongue is at its end  57  facing away from the base, bent backwards with an angle of e.g. about 150°, with a section  58  in order to, roughly within the area of the tongue shoulder at the base, be bent towards the same to a stop element  59  and back again in roughly the same direction to a control end  60  with an angle, which is positioned between the base and section  58 .  
         [0048]     The position shown in  FIG. 16  corresponds to an intermediate position between the closing position and the ventilation position. In case a person wants to close the window, the tongue with section  58  till be moved with sliding further into the guiding groove of the runner and the holder respectively. Cross bar  54  abuts some portion of the case side piece or the case plate and is pushed in this way all the way into the holder.  
         [0049]     In case a person wants to open the window up to its ventilation position, then stop element  59  hits cross bar  54  and pulls the runner out of the holder, until the ears on the runner abut constriction section  28  of the holder. In case the person wants to open the window even more, then control end  60  will be pressed against the base, the stop element then not coming in contact with the cross bar.  
         [0050]     In case a person wants to bring back the window to its ventilation position or closing position, then the slanting section  58 , when the stop means parts are united, will hit the cross bar and be pushed by it towards the tongue shoulder, until the stop means has passed the cross bar and the tongue returns to its stop position due to its inherent elasticity.  
         [0051]     In this embodiment stop means part  14  can be designed in many other ways than what has been shown and described respectively. It will be characterized in, that it is fastened to the case plate or the respective case side piece, in that it can be pushed inwards by a control end  60  to be released and in that it has a stop element  59 . It might e.g. constitute a housing with a resilient button, which is provided with a control end and a stop element.  
         [0052]     The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings, but it can be modified and supplemented in an arbitrary manner within the scope of the inventive idea and the following claims.