Abstract:
A system and method for storing, within an image transfer medium, an image and image-specific data associated with the image includes obtaining the image-specific data from a probe such as a borescope or endoscope, obtaining the corresponding image, choosing a specific image transfer medium, writing the image to the medium, and writing the image-specific data to a marker in the medium. In this manner, storing a combination of image data and one or more of system calibration data, overlay replacement data, and audio comment data in a single file of either a non-standard file format or a standard file format that does not explicitly support the inclusion of these data types is possible.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]     This invention relates generally to the field of storing calibration data for a probe, and more particularly to a method for storing calibration data within image transfer media.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002]     In certain endoscopes/borescopes, hereinafter referred to as probes, there are data associated with the images, such as the calibration parameters for the measurement tip and probe that were used to capture the image, along with audio comments regarding the captured image, that must be kept with the images. In a competitive system, image data, audio data, and calibration data are each stored in separate files. This approach allows the audio and/or calibration data easily to become separated from the image making features such as off-line measurement and audio playback unusable. Embedding the data right in the image solves this problem.  
         [0003]     Graphical overlay data added to images can obscure parts of the image. It is generally desirable for this overlay data to be viewable using standard software packages, but it is also desirable in some applications to be able to recover the image data that has been replaced by the overlay. This invention allows both goals to be met.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0004]     Briefly stated, a system and method for storing, within an image transfer medium, an image and image-specific data associated with the image includes obtaining the image-specific data from a probe such as a borescope or endoscope, obtaining the corresponding image, choosing a specific image transfer medium, writing the image to the medium, and writing the image-specific data to a marker in the medium. In this manner, storing a combination of image data and one or more of system calibration data, overlay replacement data, and audio comment data in a single file of either a non-standard file format or a standard file format that does not explicitly support the inclusion of these data types is possible.  
         [0005]     According to an embodiment of the invention, a method for storing calibration data within image transfer media, includes the step of embedding data specific to a measurement system into the image transfer media so that the data is retrievable by a custom application directly from the image transfer media, thereby allowing re-measurement without using a second transfer media for measurement system information.  
         [0006]     According to an embodiment of the invention, a method for storing overlay replacement data within image transfer media includes the step of embedding data into the image transfer media so that a destructive overlay added to the image is visible using a standard image viewer, and image data that was replaced by the destructive overlay is reconstituted from the embedded data.  
         [0007]     According to an embodiment of the invention, a method for storing audio data along with an image within a standard image transfer media which does not provide explicit support for storing audio data includes the step of writing the audio data to a marker in the image transfer media such that the image is visible using a standard image viewer, while the audio data is retrievable by a custom application.  
         [0008]     According to an embodiment of the invention, a method for storing image data and corresponding image-specific data includes the step of storing a combination of image data and one or more of system calibration data, overlay replacement data, and audio comment data in a single file of either a non-standard file format or a standard file format that does not explicitly support the inclusion of these data types.  
         [0009]     According to an embodiment of the invention, a method for storing, within an image transfer medium, an image and image-specific data associated with the image includes the steps of obtaining the image-specific data; obtaining the image; choosing a specific image transfer medium; writing the image to the medium; and writing the image-specific data to a marker in the medium.  
         [0010]     According to an embodiment of the invention, a system for storing calibration data within image transfer media includes means for embedding data specific to a measurement system into the image transfer media so that the data is retrievable by a custom application directly from the image transfer media, thereby allowing re-measurement without using a second transfer media for measurement system information.  
         [0011]     According to an embodiment of the invention, a system for storing overlay replacement data within image transfer media includes means for embedding data into the image transfer media so that a destructive overlay added to the image is visible using a standard image viewer, and image data that was replaced by the destructive overlay is reconstituted from the embedded data.  
         [0012]     According to an embodiment of the invention, a system for storing audio data along with an image within a standard image transfer media which does not provide explicit support for storing audio data includes means for writing the audio data to a marker in the image transfer media such that the image is visible using a standard image viewer, while the audio data is retrievable by a custom application.  
         [0013]     According to an embodiment of the invention, a system for storing image data and corresponding image-specific data includes storing a combination of image data and one or more of system calibration data, overlay replacement data, and audio comment data in a single file of either a non-standard file format or a standard file format that does not explicitly support the inclusion of these data types  
         [0014]     According to an embodiment of the invention, a system for storing, within an image transfer medium, an image and image-specific data associated with the image includes means for obtaining the image-specific data; means for obtaining the image; means for choosing a specific image transfer medium; means for writing the image to the medium; and means for writing the image-specific data to a marker in the medium.  
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0015]      FIG. 1  shows the encoding process of the present invention;  
         [0016]      FIG. 2  shows the steps to recover data from a JPEG image file according to an embodiment of the invention;  
         [0017]      FIG. 3  shows the steps to recover data from a bitmap image file according to an embodiment of the invention; and  
         [0018]      FIG. 4  shows the process the system uses to clear an overlay. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
       [0019]     The method of the invention could be used in any system where there is a graphic overlay added to images that must be removable, or where there are non-graphical data related to an image that are required for later use with the image. In one application, the method is used to save shadow measurement tip calibration data and overlay removal data in bitmap and JPEG images captured using a videoprobe remote visual inspection system or an accompanying personal computer application. This allows images to have “destructive” overlays that are visible in the image using standard image viewing software, but which are removable by a custom application to present a clean image to the viewer. Storing tip calibration data in the image also allows measurements to be repeated on the image using either the system software or a custom PC-based software package. Similarly, audio data could be included in the image file and later recovered.  
         [0020]     Referring to  FIG. 1 , the encoding process of the invention is shown using calibration data for a borescope or endoscope (hereinafter referred to as a “probe”) and a JPEG file as an example. In step  10 , measurement tip calibration data is read. In step  12 , the video image from the probe is captured. In step  14 , the user identifies the specific optical measurement tip being used. The desired measurement, such as, for example, measuring the length of a defect observed with the probe, is performed using non-destructive overlays in step  16 . A replica of the original image data with no overlay is made in step  18 . Then, in step  20 , the overlay is merged destructively into the replicated image data. In step  22 , a coordinate list of pixel blocks affected by the overlay is generated.  
         [0021]     In step  24  the question is asked whether or not JPEG image format is required, or whether bitmap format would work. If JPEG format is required, the standard JPEG header is written to the file in step  26 . The JPEG file format allows for user-defined markers to be placed in the file. Each marker can specify up to 64 kilobytes of user data to follow. The markers and data are ignored by general image viewers, but can be read by application specific viewers. An embodiment of the invention places shadow measurement tip calibration parameters in one of these fields, and overlay replacement data in two or more others. Specifically, one marker stores a list of the coordinates of the 8×8 pixel-blocks in the image that contain overlay data. Another marker stores a compressed version of those 8×8 pixel-blocks without the overlay. If more than 64 kilobytes are required, additional markers are used. When the image is retrieved, these markers and data can be extracted, and the stored 8×8 pixel-blocks can be decompressed. They can then replace the corresponding pixel-blocks in the decompressed original image, effectively removing the overlay from the image. Additional markers could also be used to store audio data.  
         [0022]     The system information is written to the marker in the file in step  28 , after which the measurement/tip calibration data are written to the marker in the file in step  30 . 8×8 overlay replacement block coordinates are written to the marker in the file in step  32 . Then an overlay replacement image with all the data values set to zero is created in step  34 . All 8×8 pixel blocks of original image data affected by the overlay are copied into the overlay replacement image in step  36 . The overlay image is compressed in step  38 , and then written to the marker in the JPEG file in step  40 . In step  42 , audio data is optionally written to the marker in the file if present. In step  44 , the image with the destructive overlay is compressed and written to the JPEG file, after which the file is saved in step  60 .  
         [0023]     If JPEG format is not required, the standard bitmap header is written to the file in step  46 . With bitmap images, the shadow measurement tip calibration parameters, the 8×8 pixel-block coordinate list, and the non-compressed 8×8 pixel-blocks are stored at the end of the file, after the image data. Audio data could also be added to the end of the file. General image viewers ignore this additional data, but application specific viewers can look for it and extract it. When the image is retrieved, the stored 8×8 pixel-blocks can replace the corresponding pixel-blocks in the original image, effectively removing the overlay from the image.  
         [0024]     In step  48 , the image data, including the overlay, is written to the image file. The system information is written to the file in step  50 . Then, the measurement calibration data are written to the file in step  52 , after which the overlay replacement data coordinates and the data are written to the file in step  54 . Audio data is optionally written to the file in step  56 , after which the file is saved in step  60 .  
         [0025]     Referring to  FIG. 2 , the steps to recover data from a JPEG image file are shown. The JPEG file is opened in step  62 , after which the main image is decompressed in step  64 . In step  66 , the existence of the system information marker is checked. If the marker does not exist, the process ends in step  99 . If the marker exists, the existence of the calibration data marker is checked in step  68 . If the calibration data marker exists, the calibration data is read and saved for measurement in step  70 . The block coordinate list is then read and saved in step  72 . In step  74 , the system checks to see if any blocks are listed, and if not, the process stops in step  99 . Otherwise, the overlay replacement image is decompressed and saved.  
         [0026]     Referring to  FIG. 3 , the steps to recover data from a bitmap file are shown. The bitmap file is opened in step  82 , after which the existence of the system information marker is checked in step  84 . If the system information marker is not present, the process ends at step  99 . If the system information marker is present, the system looks for the calibration data marker in step  86 . If the calibration data marker exists, the calibration data is read instep  88  and saved for measurement. then the block coordinate list is read and saved in step  90 . In step  92 , the system checks to see if any blocks are listed. If no blocks are listed, the process ends at step  99 . Otherwise, the block data list is read and saved in step  94 .  
         [0027]     Referring to  FIG. 4 , the process the system uses to clear an overlay is shown. In step  95 , the system checks to see if a user has issued a “clear overlay” command. If so, the system checks in step  96  to see if any blocks are listed for replacement. If not, the process ends at step  99 . If any blocks are listed for replacement, in step  97  the block coordinate list is used to copy 8×8 pixel blocks from the replacement data/image into the main image.  
         [0028]     There is a wide variety of image transfer media which can be used for the embedded measurement and overlay removal data. For example, the standard image transfer media can be digital still images such as JPEG, bitmap, TIFF, PCX etc.; digital motion video such as MPEG, AVI, etc.; and analog video using an approach similar to closed captioning. With the method of the present invention, the bitmap file structure preferably includes:  
         [0029]     (a) Bitmap Header,  
         [0030]     (b) Bitmap image data (with overlay),  
         [0031]     (c) System info section,  
         [0032]     (d) Measurement/tip calibration data section,  
         [0033]     (e) Overlay replacement coordinates/data, and  
         [0034]     (f) Audio comment data section.  
         [0035]     The JPEG file structure preferably includes:  
         [0036]     (a) JPEG Header,  
         [0037]     (b) System info marker (JFIF Extension),  
         [0038]     (c) Measurement/tip calibration data marker (JFIF Extension),  
         [0039]     (d) Overlay replacement coordinates marker (JFIF Extension),  
         [0040]     (e) Compressed overlay replacement image marker (JFIF Extension),  
         [0041]     (f) Audio comment marker (JFIF Extension), and  
         [0042]     (g) Image data (with overlay).  
         [0043]     The system info section/marker preferably includes:  
         [0044]     (a) Header to identify source and type of data,  
         [0045]     (b) Number of bytes in section,  
         [0046]     (c) Image dimensions,  
         [0047]     (d) Original image source, whether an endoscope system or not,  
         [0048]     (e) System software versions,  
         [0049]     (f) Standard optical distortion (for use in reference-based measurements),  
         [0050]     (g) System serial number,  
         [0051]     (h) Zoom level,  
         [0052]     (i) Image horizontally flipped from original or not,  
         [0053]     (j) Video standard of system (NTSC or PAL), and  
         [0054]     (k) Exposure control mode.  
         [0055]     The measurement/tip calibration data section/marker preferably includes:  
         [0056]     (a) Header to identify source and type of data,  
         [0057]     (b) Number of bytes in section,  
         [0058]     (c) Positions of cursors from measurement screen,  
         [0059]     (d) Type of measurement-performed,  
         [0060]     (e) Measurement result,  
         [0061]     (f) Format of tip calibration data,  
         [0062]     (g) Tip type (forward view or side view),  
         [0063]     (h) Tip color code,  
         [0064]     (i) Tip serial number,  
         [0065]     (j) Tip optical distortion,  
         [0066]     (k) Shadow geometry parameters, and  
         [0067]     (l) Checksum of tip calibration data.  
         [0068]     The JPEG overlay replacement coordinates marker preferably includes:  
         [0069]     (a) Header to identify source and type of data,  
         [0070]     (b) Number of bytes in section, and  
         [0071]     (c) X/Y coordinates of 8×8 pixel blocks affected by overlay.  
         [0072]     The JPEG overlay replacement data marker preferably includes:  
         [0073]     (a) Header to identify source and type of data,  
         [0074]     (b) Number of bytes in section, and  
         [0075]     (c) Compressed overlay replacement image where all 8×8 pixel blocks affected by overlay were filled with the original image data prior to compression. All blocks not affected by the overlay are set to values of 0 to allow maximum compression on those areas. JPEG compresses images in 8×8 pixel blocks. Information in one block does not affect the compression in any other block, so when the two compressed images are later uncompressed, the 8×8 blocks from the overlay replacement image used to “erase” the overlay are identical to what they would have been in the original image had there been no overlay.  
         [0076]     The bitmap overlay data replacement section preferably includes:  
         [0077]     (a) Header to identify source and type of data,  
         [0078]     (b) Number of 8×8 pixel overlay replacement block packets in section, and  
         [0079]     (c) Series of block packets each consisting of horizontal and vertical block coordinates followed by 192 bytes of data (8×8 pixels per block, 1 red byte, 1 green byte, 1 blue byte per pixel).  
         [0080]     The audio comment data marker/section preferably includes:  
         [0081]     (a) Header to identify source and type of data,  
         [0082]     (b) Number of bytes in section, and  
         [0083]     (c) Audio data.  
         [0084]     While the present invention has been described with reference to a particular preferred embodiment and the accompanying drawings, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the preferred embodiment and that various modifications and the like could be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.