Abstract:
The invention relates to a method and process for providing a high quality multimedia presentation using a standard Internet dial up connection without any specialized broad band connectivity. The process and method uses a combination of compression and coding techniques that permit a user to view the initial segments of a multimedia presentation while simultaneously downloading subsequent segments of the multimedia presentation. The placement of specific commands within the multi media presentation provides a seamless and high quality multimedia presentation. The method may be used to provide high quality and seamless multimedia presentations of medical case histories and other medical topics without the need for specialized broadband connectivity.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS  
       [0001]    The subject matter of this application has previously been described in Provisional Application No. 60/225,259 filed on Aug. 15, 2000 and the applicants claim the priority thereof. 
     
    
     
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    This invention relates to a method and Internet based application for the seamless presentation of high quality multimedia programming incorporating audio, video and graphic material using standard Internet dial-up connections without the need for special broadband connectivity. The method permits the linking of compressed media files to allow for quiet downloading without sacrificing quality. More specifically, the present invention provides a method for the seamless multimedia presentation of medical information to both professionals and consumers, by the presentation of medical case histories.  
           [0003]    The Internet is a decentralized global network of computers that communicate using standard electronic communication protocols and languages. The Internet provides a cost-effective and increasingly accessible system of electronic communication. The Internet permits the on-demand distribution of digital text, sound and video images to small selected groups or a global audience. The Internet also permits the use of such interactive elements as voice command, text entry, touch screen and video capture.  
           [0004]    The transmission and receipt of digital information on the Internet generally requires a large number of discrete electronic events. In a typical situation, an application program on a user&#39;s personal computer allows the user to access information that may be stored on a server located at a geographically remote location. This so-called browser program uses standard protocols and language to make requests of remote web servers on behalf of the user. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the browser of a user (e.g. resident or intern at a hospital) generates an initial request for information. This initial request may be electronically transmitted from the user&#39;s client computer  10  to the user&#39;s Internet Service Provider (“ISP”)  14  by a modem  12  that is connected to a conventional telephone line  13 . The modem  12  converts the digital signal of the computer to the analog signal that is used in conventional phone lines. The user&#39;s ISP  14  then transmits the request by the communications backbone of the Internet  16 , to the addressee&#39;s web server&#39;s ISP  18 . The request is then forwarded to the addressee server  20 . The addressee server  20  may then respond to the request by reversing the above described process.  
           [0005]    Web based material is typically organized as individual web pages. Each time a user attempts to load a new web page into his or her browser, another series of requests to retrieve the content of the particular web page may be sent from the client computer to the appropriate remote web server or servers. Once the targeted web server has received a request and transmitted the information to the client server, the user&#39;s browser assembles the information for viewing on the user&#39;s computer screen.  
           [0006]    In the case of a web page that contains multiple media files, each request for a specific image, text or audio file may need to be sent repeatedly to a selected server. This means that if a particular web page contains twenty (20) distinct media elements no less than twenty separate information requests may be directed to a remote server or servers. Furthermore, if a user continues to another page of a web site or to another web site, the browser may again have to retrieve the information from the appropriate server.  
           [0007]    The speeds of Internet transmission or bandwidth is generally proportional to the amount of data transmitted or received per unit of time. A basic dial-up modem may provide a connection speed of about 56 kilobytes per second (“kbps”) while other commonly used modems may provide a connection speed of about 128 kbps. In contrast, so called DSL connections may provide connection speeds of between about 128 kbps to about 1.4 megabytes, while T- 1  connections may provide even faster connection speeds. In practice, the actual speed of transmission may also be limited by various factors including the number of messages that are necessary to transmit, receive and present a web page and the physical capabilities of the equipment and network. Although the availability of various broadband capabilities is rapidly increasing, for many users the 56 kbps dial-up modem continues to be one of the most economical and widely accessible means of Internet access.  
           [0008]    The typical Internet based multimedia presentation uses a combination of text, sound and/or video images. The typical multimedia presentation may also involve multiple display areas, images or concurrent presentations. The text, sound and video elements that are used in an Internet based multimedia presentation may be prepared and stored as digital component files. The digital audio and image files that are used in such multimedia presentations may be extremely large. Because Internet bandwidth is generally proportional to the amount of data transmitted, it generally takes much more bandwidth to download large media files containing photographic and video elements then its does to download a simple page of text.  
           [0009]    The relatively slow download speed of a commonly used Internet dial-up connection, such as the widely 56 kbps modem, generally does not permit the effective use of high bandwidth multimedia design elements. For example, using a 56 kbps modem, the time required to download a digital file is approximately one second for every four kilobytes of information. Therefore, using a conventional 56 kbps modem, a web based multimedia presentation containing about 400 kilobytes of information will take approximately 100 seconds to download. This relatively slow download speed can be extremely vexing to users and may seriously comprise the quality of a user&#39;s multimedia experience. In practice, such limitations on download speed have severely compromised the utility and quality of Intranet multimedia presentations. This particularly is true for programs and applications that are intended to present highly specialized or technical information.  
           [0010]    The present invention utilizes a novel combination of scripted programming commands and compression techniques to minimize the downloading time of large media files. The process for the linking of digital electronic files permits the seamless presentation of high-quality, large-file-size material which may include combinations of audio, video and graphical material. The method provides a seamless high quality multimedia presentation even for persons who use a conventional dial-up modem.  
           [0011]    It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel method and system for multimedia presentations using a novel combination of program commands and compression techniques  
           [0012]    It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel method and system which facilitates the presentation of complex multimedia subject matter information by significantly reducing the time required for downloading a multimedia presentation without compromising the quality of the presentation.  
           [0013]    It is another object of the present invention to provide a novel method and system for the seamless and high quality multimedia presentation of selected medical case histories and related information by the Internet using a conventional dial-up modem and without specialized broadband capability.  
           [0014]    It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a novel method and system for providing Internet based multimedia presentations through the compression and linking of different types of media component files.  
           [0015]    It is a further object of the present invention to provide a novel method and system for downloading upcoming portions of a large web based multimedia presentation while other portions of the presentation are being contemporaneously viewed by the user.  
           [0016]    It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide a novel method and system for viewing an web based multimedia presentation using a dial up modem without discernable breaks or delays in the multimedia presentation.  
           [0017]    The present invention provides significant advantages to persons using conventional dial-up modems. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the method and system may be readily adapted to other forms of types of connectivity. Moreover, although it is particularly well suited to the high quality multimedia presentation of medical case histories and other medical information, the method is broadly applicable to all forms of Internet based multimedia presentations. 
       
    
    
       [0018]    These and many other features, objects and advantages of the invention will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art for and to which this invention pertains from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments when read in conjunction with the accompanying figures and drawings.  
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS  
       [0019]    [0019]FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the connection between a user and a remote Internet server.  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the method used to prepare a seamless multimedia presentation using a dial up modem.  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the preparation of a multimedia medical case history presentation using the method. 
     
    
     DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0022]    The text, sound and video elements that are used in an Internet based multimedia presentation may be prepared and stored as digital component files. The invention provides a process for linking the component files of a multimedia presentation. The linking of component files when used with available compression techniques allows for faster downloading of large media files without any apparent diminution in program quality being apparent to the user. The process and method allows a user to simultaneously download upcoming portions of a multimedia presentation while a portion of the presentation is being simultaneously viewed by the user.  
         [0023]    The process uses a novel combination of compression and coding techniques. As schematically illustrated in FIG. 2, the process begins by collecting the media elements of a multimedia presentation  30  and preparing a script  32  of the multimedia presentation. This script  32  typically identifies the key audio components of a presentation together with any associated graphical or visual elements. Once a script  32  is finalized, the audio portion of the presentation may be recorded  34  and then converted to a standard WAVE format. The recorded audio portion may then be reduced to 11 kilohertz using a 16-bit audio format  36 . The recorded audio may then be stored in a WAVE format on a CD-ROM or other appropriate means.  
         [0024]    The individual digital component media files may then be loaded on a selected server. The individual program elements are then organized based on the script  38 . The component media files are then separated into discrete presentation segments  40 . In practice, the length of each presentation segment may be varied depending on program content and the desired presentation quality. Ideally, for a 56 kbps modem, the length of each presentation segment should not exceed about 1,000 frames. At a receiving speed of eight frames per second, this is approximately two minutes of an audio presentation. It has also been found desirable to limit the size of the initial presentation segment to less then about 500 frames. This significantly reduces the time required to begin initial viewing of a multimedia presentation when using a conventional dial-up modem.  
         [0025]    The transmission and seamless presentation of the multimedia presentation may be further facilitated by the placement of specific computer commands to link the presentation segments during downloading of the program. The specific break points in a presentation segment may be identified by placing a tell-target command in each presentation segment  42 . At a specified point in the presentation, the tell-target command  42  signals the user&#39;s operating system to begin the process of playing a different segment of the presentation.  
         [0026]    A load-movie command may also be inserted in each presentation segment  44 . At a predetermined point in the presentation of a selected segment, this load movie command instructs the user&#39;s operating system to look forward for the next segment. The load movie command  44  may be used to control the downloading of each presentation segment. For example, in a presentation segment containing 1,000 frames, the load movie command will begin the process of downloading the following presentation segment at frame  470  of the currently playing presentation segment. Thus, while the remaining 530 frames of the current 1,000 frame segment are being viewed by the user, the next succeeding presentation segment is being downloaded from a web server to the user&#39;s browser. This facilitates the simultaneous viewing and downloading of the multimedia presentation.  
         [0027]    The presentation files are organized and adapted for web based presentation using conventional website development and programming tools.  46 . In the present embodiment, the method utilizes various available compression tools and multimedia web site development tools such as Macromedia&#39;s FLASH, FIREWORKS and DREAMWEAVER programs to provide a high quality web based presentation. In addition, the visual elements of the presentation may be preferably converted to a JPEG format  48  and compressed by between 60 to 80%. In order to further facilitate compression, presentation graphics are preferably created using a line art illustration program, such as Adobe&#39;s ILLUSTRATOR, to reduce the size of the files to be compressed. The audio components are similarly converted to an MP 3  format  46  and are also compressed to 80%. The audio may then be converted from stereo to mono at 24 kbps  50 . The actual amount of compression may be adjusted to accommodate the desired program quality. In general, the greater the compression, the faster will be the download speed. However, increased compression may reduce presentation quality.  
         [0028]    The presentation may then be set up for web based viewing using the HTML protocol  52 . The web based presentation may be viewed using a commercially available viewer program such as Macromedia&#39;s SHOCKWAVE or Apple&#39;s QUICKTIME.  
         [0029]    The present invention is extremely well suited to the multimedia presentation of selected medical information, particularly to the presentation of medical case histories. By way of example, the present, invention may be used to provide comprehensive medical information to doctors, medical professionals and consumers. In such an embodiment, a website may be used to distribute medical information to both medical professionals and consumers. In this embodiment, the physician section of a site will provide detailed information regarding specific medical disorders including detailed case histories and supporting information. The consumer section may provide consumers with up-to-date information regarding medical developments and issues, including case histories.  
         [0030]    In this particular embodiment, the main web page of the site may contain a menu displaying various categories of information organized by medical specialty. The doctors and consumers will each be able to move through selected sections of the site using conventional navigation means. Thus, users may move though a series of menus and prompts and select a specific case history from a drop-down menu. In this embodiment, each case history presentation shall comprise a specially prepared multimedia presentation consisting of texts, graphics and audio that are adapted to the needs of specific target audiences. The multimedia format, means that a case history narrative may be readily supplemented by additional visual elements as x-rays, diagnostic imaging and photographs.  
         [0031]    Once a specific medical case history has been selected, the user will be presented with an initial downloading screen. During an initial period of less than one minute, the first few minutes of the multimedia case presentation may be downloaded to the browser using the method as generally described and illustrated in FIG. 2. Once the initial segment is downloaded, the user may then begin to view the selected medical case history, while the remaining portions of the multimedia case history is downloaded to the user&#39;s browser. In this way, the multimedia presentation of the medical case history begins almost immediately and is seamless to the user. The multimedia presentation may be downloaded using a using a conventional dial-up modem and viewed by the user&#39;s browser.  
         [0032]    As illustrated in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the medical case histories will be provided by selected medical experts using a standardized preparation format  100 . In order to facilitate preparation of the program, the information will initially be organized into specific media component files  102  using a predetermined file naming convention and format that describes the substantive data component and file type of each electronic file. The labeling component files are then loaded onto an selected server database  104 .  
         [0033]    As previously discussed, a script of the case history presentation may then be prepared for each selected case history  106 . The case history script identifies the specific text, graphic and video components to be used in the multimedia presentation . The case history script will also indicate how each specific media component is coordinated with a specific audio component. The case history script may then be transmitted to the originating professional in a secure electronic environment for his or her review and approval.  
         [0034]    Once the case history script has been approved by the originating professional, the audio elements of the case history script may be recorded  108  and converted to a PC compatible WAVE format. The digital audio recording may then be converted to 16 bit format at a frequency of 11 kilohertz  110 . This provides an acceptable level of high quality audio. The audio recording may then be stored on any suitable conventional electronic storage means.  
         [0035]    As further illustrated in FIG. 3, the media component files containing selected case history material may then be electronically organized in accordance with the case history script  112 . These related component media files are logically organized into discrete file presentations segments and logical break-up points may be identified  112 . For purposes of this particular embodiment, the length of each presentation segment should not exceed about 1,000 frames and the initial presentation segment should not exceed 500 frames. This facilitates the seamless visual viewing of the presentation even by person using conventional dial up connections.  
         [0036]    After the individual presentation segments are organized, the specific break points in each presentation segment may be identified by placing a tell-target command in each presentation segment  114 . At a specified point in the presentation, this tell-target command  114  signals the programs and applications of the client computer to begin the process of playing a different segment of the presentation. One or more load-movie commands may also be inserted in each presentation segment  116 . As described herein, the load movie commands may be used to selectively control downloading of the presentation segment elements. The load movie command instructs the user&#39;s operating system to look forward for the next segment at a particular point in a presentation segment. In this particular embodiment, each presentation segment that is about 1,000 frames long. The load movie command will siganal the operating system to begin the process of downloading the next presentation segment at frame  470  of the current presentation segment. Thus, the next succeeding presentation segment may be downloaded from the server to the browser of the client computer while the remaining  530  frames of the current 1,000 frame presentation segment are being viewed by the user. This facilities the simultaneous viewing and downloading of selected portions of the presentation.  
         [0037]    The medical case history may be adapted for web based viewing using commercially available multimedia development tools program such as Macromedia&#39;s FLASH  118 . In the instant embodiment, the visual elements of the multimedia presentation are preferably converted to a JPEG format and compressed by between 60 to 80 per cent  120 . In order to facilitate compression, the graphics included in the presentation are preferably created using a line art illustration program which reduces the size of the files to be exported. The audio components are similarly converted to an MP 3  format and are also compressed by approximately  80  percent. The audio may then be converted from stereo to mono at 24 kbps  122 . The presentation may then be set up for electronic access viewing using HTML protocol and selected development tools  124 .  
         [0038]    The use of command scripts and compression techniques may be readily modified to provide quality multimedia programming of complex subject matter at various downloading speeds. The segment size and amount of compression may be readily adapted to achieve the specified level of program quality.  
         [0039]    While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are illustrative only and the scope of the invention is to be defined solely to the appended claims when accorded a full range of equivalents, any modifications naturally occurring to those in the art from a perusal hereof.