Abstract:
The invention relates to a fitting ( 2 ) that rotatably bears on a shaft an element ( 1 ) closing an opening. In order to provide a fitting ( 2 ) that is inexpensive and has a reduced number of individual components that are compact, universally usable, stable and optically appearing and that can be simply and adjustably fitted together to a fitting ( 2 ) that especially bears elements ( 1 ) from glass, the fitting ( 2 ) consists of two limbs ( 3, 4 ) extending in parallel which define a space ( 5 ) in between them and which are rotatably mounted on a shaft. Said limbs integrally blend on one end into a common flange ( 7 ) that comprises at least one clamping elements ( 6, 25 ) and on the other end they integrally blend into one sleeve element ( 8, 9 ) each. The fitting ( 2 ) further comprises a ring ( 12 ) that can be positioned on the shaft and that can be immobilized in the space ( 5 ) between the sleeve elements ( 8, 9 ).

Description:
DESCRIPTION  
         [0001]    The invention is directed to a fitting according to the characteristic features of patent claim  1 . The fitting makes possible the rotatable bearing support of an element at an axle.  
           [0002]    Door leaves made of glass are preferably mounted in a rotatable manner at the top and bottom of glass structures or frame structures by means of fittings. The frame structures are shown in a construction through a vertically extending, fixedly mounted shaft or axle. An arrangement of this kind is known from DE 296 00 610 U1 which shows a fitting for the rotatable bearing support of an element at an axle, which element closes an opening. The fitting has an arm which passes into a sleeve element forming one piece with it, this element being rotatably supported at the axle.  
           [0003]    In particular, the cost of manufacturing these complicated fittings is often disadvantageous due to the large number of individual component parts and the fact that they are fabricated by stamping. Further, due to the large number of individual parts, systems of this kind are difficult to assemble and are by no means visually appealing.  
           [0004]    It is also difficult to position the door in an exact and long-lasting manner with fittings of this kind. Further, after mounting has been completed the corresponding adjusting devices are visible and constitute an interruption in the surface of the fitting resulting in an overall disjointed visual impression.  
           [0005]    It is the object of the invention to provide an inexpensive fitting with a reduced quantity of individual parts. The resulting individual parts should be compact, universally applicable, stable and visually attractive and capable of being assembled to form a fitting in a simple, adjustable manner, particularly for bearing support of elements made of glass.  
           [0006]    This object is met through the characteristic features of patent claim  1 . The subclaims show further developments of the idea according to the invention.  
           [0007]    The fitting according to the invention has the advantage that the design of a compact and continuously adjustable unit results in an extremely efficient system with regard to use and variability. At the same time, a compact, space-saving and stable mode of construction is ensured. In addition, handling and assembly of structural component parts is substantially simplified. In an advantageous manner, the fitting can easily be adjusted and adapted with respect to its positioning at the axle, also after first-time assembly. In particular, no counter-elements are needed on the axle side when used for furniture systems or shelf systems.  
           [0008]    Beyond this, the adjusting and clamping mechanism is not visible to the observer. A visually attractive fitting is provided by means of a concealed arrangement of the adjusting mechanism. The surface of the fitting is formed without interruption in its entirety and can be adapted to the rest of the shape, so that the fitting exhibits visual unity.  
           [0009]    The fitting has two arms which extend parallel to one another and pass respectively into a common flange integral therewith so as to form an intermediate space on the one side and are connected to a sleeve element so as to be integral therewith on the other side, this flange having at least one clamping element. In connection with the clamping element, the flange serves to fasten an element which is preferably made of glass. The sleeve elements serve for the rotatable bearing support of the fitting at a fixedly mounted axle. Further, the fitting has a ring which can be secured to the axle and which is arranged in the intermediate space between the two sleeve elements and accordingly also makes it possible to limit the rotational range of the element and to position the fitting.  
           [0010]    The arms, including the two sleeve elements, are identical in shape resulting in advantages in technical respects relating to manufacture. Depending on the embodiment form, the arms extend in a straight line or in a curved manner. Arrangements in which the element is arranged inside or outside the plane of the axle can be realized in this way.  
           [0011]    In order to increase the stability and load-bearing dependability of the fitting, the sleeve elements, the two arms and the flange are constructed in one piece. Accordingly, screw connections and rivet connections which would represent a weak point are avoided. This one-piece construction can be realized in a simple manner in that these parts are produced as a cast part, so that the possibility of a visually appealing and compact construction is provided at the same time. In particular, the connecting points between the arms and the sleeve elements and between the arms and the flanges can be formed in an advantageous manner, and the load-bearing capacity and reliability are maintained or increased at the same time. On the other hand, the intermediate space between the arms can also be produced by a cutting process, for example, by milling.  
           [0012]    The sleeve elements and ring and the axle can be made to engage in one another securely in that their structural shapes complement one another, the sleeve elements and the ring being outfitted with an opening which can advisably be guided over the axle with clearance. This enables easy longitudinal displacement, particularly of the ring, along the axle. In an advantageous construction, the axle as well as the sleeve elements and ring and their openings are round and concentric to one another.  
           [0013]    The ring is fixed to the axle by means of a frictional clamping which is invisible to the observer. For this purpose, the ring has a transversely extending, continuous bore hole. Clamping means can be inserted into the bore hole. The bore hole preferably has a female thread into which a stud screw can be screwed, which can be preassembled already during manufacture. An invisible clamping of the ring at the axle is made possible in this way.  
           [0014]    The fitting is accordingly constructed in a space-saving and stabile manner also with respect to the use of the clamping means and the construction of the clamping mechanism in connection with the latter. The ring can be fixed relative to the axle with few structural component parts in an easily manageable manner by inserting the clamping means into the bore hole. Disengaging and adjusting the ring, e.g., for vertical or horizontal adjustment of an element, is simple and can also be carried out by untrained installers and users.  
           [0015]    Beyond this, the position of the element can be locked relative to the axle on the one hand and can be limited with respect to the swiveling range on the other hand. Limiting the swiveling area is useful particularly for implementing a maximum closing position or opening position. For this purpose, a pin which passes through the intermediate space is inserted between the two arms in the vicinity of the sleeve elements. This pin strikes a projection formed at the ring.  
           [0016]    Locking, particularly the locking of a closing position of the element, is likewise carried out through the cooperation of the ring with the sleeve elements. A spring-mounted ball is inserted into a pocket bore hole on the side of the arms that faces the intermediate space, which ball cooperates in a predefined position with a bore hole penetrating the ring. In this way, the element is locked relative to the ring and a defined closing position is provided.  
           [0017]    The limiting of swiveling and the locking position can be aligned or adjusted retroactively and in a simple manner. In previous known fittings, these features are realized in an extremely cumbersome and complicated manner.  
           [0018]    At least one clamping element is needed to fasten the element to the flange. A first clamping element is preferably realized by means of a tapered or conical nut which can be clamped, with the intermediary of the element constructed as a pane of glass, to the flange and a second clamping element which can be arranged on the rear side in the flange so as to be flush with its surface. In a construction of the fitting, the clamping element can be screwed directly to the flange with the intermediary of the element. In the constructions described above, the element and the first clamping element are arranged on the side facing the observer. According to another construction, the element is located on the side facing away from the observer. The clamping element is countersunk in the flange and is screwed to the oppositely located element. In all of the constructions, the element has a corresponding, preferably stepped, opening for receiving the respective clamping element.  
           [0019]    A fastening screw is tightened through the clamping element and through passages in the flange and element by means of a suitable tool. The clamping element can have an elongated hole, while the flange or the second clamping element is provided with a threaded bore hole receiving the fastening screw.  
           [0020]    Finally, a cover is placed on the first clamping element. The cover is fastened by means of a clip closure which is integrated in the cover or is a one-piece component of the cover. Integrating in the cover avoids clip elements which make the space located under the cover in the area of the fastening screw more cramped. The cover is advantageously constructed as a plane disk which facilitates production by stamping or punching.  
           [0021]    In an embodiment form of the clip closure in which it is integrated in the cover, a flexible ring whose outer diameter slightly exceeds the outer diameter of the cover is arranged in a radially circumferentially extending outer groove of the cover. This flexible ring can be constructed as a snap ring or O-ring. An undercut groove which receives the flexible ring is arranged in the clamping element as a kind of counter-piece to this clip connection.  
           [0022]    When constructed as a one-piece component of the cover, it is suggested that the cover has at its outer circumference a circumferentially extending projection which is formed at the cover and which complements the undercut groove of the conical nut. In contrast to the circumferentially extending construction, this projection can be replaced by a plurality of projections which are formed on at the cover and complement the undercut groove of the conical nut.  
           [0023]    It has proven advantageous, for example, in order to achieve a fixed bearing, to construct the clamping elements in a cup-shaped manner and to arrange an eccentric bore hole in the base of the cup. A lateral tolerance for compensating with respect to a sub-construction or the like is not required for this purpose.  
           [0024]    On the other hand, in order to form a movable or loose bearing it is advisable to arrange an elongated hole in the base of the cup enabling a lateral offset of the fastening screw if required. In any case, the fastening screw can be tightened through the clamping element through the passage created by the missing cover without introducing stresses into the element, preferably a pane of glass. At the same time, it is possible to adjust the element relative to the fitting, particularly so that tolerances can be compensated.  
           [0025]    The fitting and its individual parts can be produced from various metals such as brass, iron, stainless steel, aluminum or bronze or from plastics. The fitting and the ring are advantageously manufactured as one-piece parts in a casting process and are subsequently finely machined. The flowing lines of the outer contours reduce production problems relating to casting technique. Further, this prevents projecting edges or corners which pose a risk of injury.  
           [0026]    Preferably a plurality of fittings according to the invention are arranged on an element so that this element is arranged securely and rotatably at an axle. The axle is preferably mounted horizontally or vertically in a fixed manner. The vertical positioning is implemented when used on conventional doors and, further, is conceivably a component of shelf systems or furniture systems in which corresponding doors or flaps are likewise rotatably supported on bearings. A horizontal arrangement of the axle is conceivable particularly for systems of this type in order to realize corresponding flaps for closing openings.  
       
    
    
       [0027]    In an advantageous construction, a grid system is formed at a surface of the axle, by means of which the ring can be fixed in predefined positions in connection with the clamping means guided through the bore hole. The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the following possible embodiment examples which are shown schematically.  
         [0028]    [0028]FIG. 1 shows a fitting in a perspective view;  
         [0029]    [0029]FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the fitting according to FIG. 1;  
         [0030]    [0030]FIG. 3 is a top view of the fitting according to FIG. 1;  
         [0031]    [0031]FIG. 4 is a front view of the fitting according to FIG. 1;  
         [0032]    [0032]FIG. 5 is a side view of the fitting according to FIG. 1;  
         [0033]    [0033]FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another embodiment example of a fitting;  
         [0034]    [0034]FIG. 7 shows an exploded view of the fitting according to FIG. 6;  
         [0035]    [0035]FIG. 8 shows a top view of the fitting according to FIG. 6;  
         [0036]    [0036]FIG. 9 shows a front view of the fitting according to FIG. 6;  
         [0037]    [0037]FIG. 10 shows a side view of the fitting according to FIG. 6;  
         [0038]    [0038]FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of another embodiment example of a fitting;  
         [0039]    [0039]FIG. 12 shows an exploded view of the fitting according to FIG. 11;  
         [0040]    [0040]FIG. 13 shows a top view of the fitting according to FIG. 11;  
         [0041]    [0041]FIG. 14 shows a front view of the fitting according to FIG. 11;  
         [0042]    [0042]FIG. 15 shows a side view of the fitting according to FIG. 11. 
     
    
       [0043]    Structural component parts which are identical or function identically are provided with identical reference numbers in the following description.  
         [0044]    While several fittings are usually used for the bearing support of an element  1 , only one fitting  2  will be shown in detail in the following description. The fitting  2  serves to support elements  1  which are preferably made of glass and which are fastened to an axle, not shown, so as to be rotatable, wherein the axle preferably extends horizontally or vertically. Naturally, elements  1  made of wood, metal or plastic can also be rotatably supported by the fittings  2 . The elements  1  can be realized as doors or as closure flaps inside furniture or showcases. In the following description, it is assumed that the axle has a round cross section.  
         [0045]    The fitting  2  is preferably made of a metallic material as a cast part. It comprises two arms  3  and  4  which are arranged parallel to one another and which enclose an intermediate space  5  between them. On one side, the fitting  2  passes into a flange  7  so as to form one piece with it, this flange  7  having at least one clamping element  6 , and, on the other side, each arm  3 ,  4  passes into a sleeve element  8 ,  9  so as to form one piece with it. The sleeve elements  8  and  9  are identically shaped and have a common center axis X. Further, the sleeve elements  8  and  9  are round and each have a concentrically arranged circular opening  10 ,  11  which can be guided at the axle without play during and after assembly. The arms  3 ,  4  are likewise identically shaped.  
         [0046]    A circular ring  12  belonging to the fitting  2  likewise has a circular, concentrically arranged opening  13 . The ring  12  is penetrated radially by a bore hole  14  which extends transverse to opening  13  and terminates in opening  13 . A female thread is formed in the bore hole  14 , so that clamping means  15  in the form of a stud screw can be screwed in.  
         [0047]    Further, a radially projecting projection  16  is formed at the ring  12  and cooperates with a pin  17  between the arms  3  and  4 . The projection  16  is penetrated by a bore hole  18  extending parallel to the center axis X of the opening  13 .  
         [0048]    The pin  17  penetrating the intermediate space  5  is formed between the two arms  3  and  4  in the vicinity of the sleeve elements  8  and  9  and cooperates with the projection  16  formed at the ring  12 . Further, a spring-mounted ball  19 ,  20  is formed in the immediate vicinity of the sleeve elements  8  and  9  on the side facing the intermediate space  5  in an invisible pocket bore hole. The balls  19  and  20  cooperate with the bore hole  18  inside the ring  12  and form a position lock.  
         [0049]    The arms  3  and  4  are connected tangentially at the flange  7 . At least one clamping element  6  is needed to fasten the element  1  to the fitting  2 , which element  1  is preferably made of glass. The clamping element  6  is formed as a conical nut and is inserted from the side of the fitting  2  facing the observer in all of the embodiment examples.  
         [0050]    FIGS.  1  to  5  show a construction in which the element  1  lies visibly in front of the fitting  2 , the arms  3 ,  4  jutting out in a curved manner. An elongated hole  21  in a base  22  of the conical nut  6  is penetrated by a fastening screw  23 . The fastening screw  23  further penetrates an opening  24  inside the flange  7  with the intermediary of the element  1  and cooperates with a second clamping element  25  that is arranged on the back of the flange  7 . The element  1  has a stepped, positive-locking glass recess  26  corresponding to the clamping element  6 , so that the conical nut  6  is arranged flush with the plane of element  1  after finally being screwed together with the second clamping element  25 . The second clamping element  25  then also lies within a recess, not shown, so as to be flush with the surface and in a positive engagement on the rear of the fitting  2 . The fastening screw  23  can be turned by means of a suitable tool through the conical nut  6  with the cover  27  removed. The cover  27  is formed as a plane disk which can be clipped in after assembly.  
         [0051]    FIGS.  6  to  10  show a construction in which the element  1  is visibly in front of the fitting  2 . The arms  3  and  4  extend in a straight line, so that the element  1  and the axle are arranged in a plane. The projection  16  is beveled at the ring  12  so as to receive the element  1  in a visually pleasing manner.  
         [0052]    The element  1  is fastened directly to the flange  7  by means of the conical nut  6 . The fastening screw  23  penetrates the elongated hole  21  at the base of the conical nut  6  and cooperates with the threaded bore hole  28  inside the flange  7  with the intermediary of element  1 . The element  1  has a stepped positive-locking glass recess  26  corresponding to the clamping element  6 , so that the conical nut  6  is arranged flush with the plane of element  1  after finally being screwed together with the flange  7 . The fastening screw  23  can be turned by means of a suitable tool through the conical nut  6  with the cover  27  removed. The cover  27  is formed as a plane disk which can be clipped in after assembly.  
         [0053]    FIGS.  11  to  15  show a construction in which the element  1  is located behind the fitting  2  and the arms  3  and  4  project out in a curved manner. The conical nut  6  is inserted in a positively engaging manner into a corresponding recess  29  of the flange  7  on the front so as to be flush with the surface. The elongated hole  21  in the base  22  of the conical nut  6  is penetrated by a fastening screw  23  which, with the intermediary of element  1 , cooperates on the back with a second clamping element (not shown) which can be screwed into a corresponding glass recess  26  of the element  1  in a positive engagement. The element  1  has a stepped positive-locking glass recess  26  corresponding to the clamping element, so that the second clamping element is arranged flush with the plane of element  1  after the final screwing together. The fastening screw  23  can be turned by means of a suitable tool through the conical nut  6  with the cover  27  removed. The cover  27  is formed as a plane disk and has a radially circumferentially extending outer groove in which a flexible ring  30  is embedded. The outer diameter of the flexible ring  30  is slightly greater than the outer diameter of the cover  27 . The flexible ring  30  can also be a snap ring or O-ring.  
         [0054]    The fitting  2  is fastened to a fixedly mounted axle. For this purpose, fittings are fastened to the element  1  by means of the clamping elements  6 ,  25  in the manner described above, depending upon the construction, in a preassembly step. This unit that is prefabricated in this way is then outfitted with the corresponding rings  12 . This is carried out in such a way that the rings  12  are fixed between the corresponding sleeve elements  8 ,  9  in a mounting position, preferably so as to be locked by the ball suspension. The fittings  2 , including the element  1 , are then guided over the axle. The sleeve elements  8 ,  9  and the rings  12  are then oriented in an aligned position, so that they can be guided over the axle without a problem. The rings  12  are then clamped in the desired position at the axle; in so doing, it is possible to carry out the vertical positioning as well as angular positioning of the fitting  2 . For angular positioning, it is useful to hold the element  1  for one time only in the closed position and orient the ring  12  in a corresponding manner, so that the angular limiting and locking act in a predetermined manner. The frictionally engaging clamping of the ring  12  is carried out in such a way that the stud screw  15  which is premounted already during manufacture and is countersunk in the ring  12  so as to be invisible is screwed in against the axle by the installer, so that a frictionally engaging clamping of the ring  12  is carried out. All of the rings  12  associated with an element  1  are fixed to the axle in this way, so that the fitting  2  is held on the axle.  
         [0055]    The uses described in the embodiment examples represent only some of the ways in which the invention can be realized. Other different construction and installation scenarios are possible and likewise cover the protective field of the invention.  
       REFERENCE NUMBERS  
       [0056]    [0056] 1  element  
         [0057]    [0057] 2  fitting  
         [0058]    [0058] 3  arm  
         [0059]    [0059] 4  arm  
         [0060]    [0060] 5  intermediate space  
         [0061]    [0061] 6  clamping element  
         [0062]    [0062] 7  flange  
         [0063]    [0063] 8  sleeve element  
         [0064]    [0064] 9  sleeve element  
         [0065]    [0065] 10  opening  
         [0066]    [0066] 11  opening  
         [0067]    [0067] 12  ring  
         [0068]    [0068] 13  opening  
         [0069]    [0069] 14  bore hole  
         [0070]    [0070] 15  clamping means  
         [0071]    [0071] 16  projection  
         [0072]    [0072] 17  pin  
         [0073]    [0073] 18  through bore hole  
         [0074]    [0074] 19  ball  
         [0075]    [0075] 20  ball  
         [0076]    [0076] 21  elongated hole  
         [0077]    [0077] 22  base  
         [0078]    [0078] 23  fastening screw  
         [0079]    [0079] 24  opening  
         [0080]    [0080] 25  clamping element  
         [0081]    [0081] 26  glass recess  
         [0082]    [0082] 27  cover  
         [0083]    [0083] 28  threaded bore hole  
         [0084]    [0084] 29  recess  
         [0085]    [0085] 30  ring  
         [0086]    X center axis