Abstract:
A method and system for measuring performance and ordering supplies in a collision center includes an identification reader for reading product identification tags corresponding products removed from a supply of products. The identification reader also reads a repair order identification tag corresponding to a repair order of a vehicle under repair and a technician identification tag corresponding to a technician using the product(s) to repair the vehicle. The system further includes a computer having a plurality of database for storing repair order data, technician data, benchmark data, and inventory data. The computer receives data from the identification reader and computes a performance level of the technician by comparing the product(s) used by the technician to a standard benchmark. The computer also analyzes the inventory data and automatically generates a supply order for products that fall below an inventory level. The supply order is electronically sent to a supplier.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates to a method and system for managing supplies and performance in a collision center. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Various systems and methods for managing supplies and/or performance are known to those in the related art. Examples of such systems and methods are disclosed in United States Patent Application Publication No. 2003/0130820 (the &#39;820 publication) and U.S. Pat. No. 6,575,365 (the &#39;365 patent). 
     The &#39;820 publication discloses a system and method for managing work orders for performing maintenance tasks. The system and method logs the start and stop time that a technician works on one of the work orders. The total elapsed time taken by the technician to complete the work order is calculated and compared with benchmarks or other work orders or other technicians. From this comparison, a productivity and efficiency of the technician is measured based solely on the time taken by the technician to perform the work order. The &#39;820 publication does not disclose a system or method to measure productivity and efficiency of the technician based on factors other than the time taken to perform the work order. 
     The &#39;365 patent discloses a system and method for providing supplies to a collision center. The system and method involves scanning bar codes which are disposed on bins in the collision center. Each bar code corresponds to the products stored in the bins. An order is generated for the products whose bar codes is scanned. The order is transmitted from the collision center to an Internet web site. The order is then transmitted from the web site to a supplier. Unfortunately, the system and method disclosed by the &#39;365 patent requires a person to perform an inventory check of the supplies from time-to-time, thus costing the collision center or the supplier additional labor time. Furthermore, the &#39;365 patent does not disclose the use of radio frequency identification (RFID) tags for identifying the products stored in the bins. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION AND ADVANTAGES 
     The subject invention discloses a method of computing performance in a collision center. The method includes the step of removing at least one product from a supply of products. The product is for use by a technician in repairing a vehicle. The method further includes the step of reading a product identification corresponding to a type and/or a quantity of each product removed from the supply of products. A repair order identification corresponding to a repair order for the vehicle under repair is read. The repair order includes a description of repairs to be performed. The method also includes the step of reading a technician identification corresponding to the technician using the at least one product to repair the vehicle. The identifications are transmitted to a computer having a database. A standard benchmark indicating type and/or quantity of each product recommended to perform repairs described in the repair order from the database is retrieved from the database. The method further includes the step of computing a performance level of the technician by comparing the type and/or quantity of each product used by the technician to the standard benchmark. 
     The subject invention also discloses a system for measuring performance in a collision center. The system includes an identification reader for reading a product identification corresponding to a type and/or a quantity of a product removed from a supply of products. The identification reader also reads a repair order identification corresponding to a repair order of a vehicle under repair and a technician identification corresponding to a technician using the product to repair the vehicle. The system further includes a repair order database for storing repair orders. Each repair order describes repairs to be performed to the vehicle. The system further includes a benchmark database. The benchmark database stores standard benchmarks indicating type and/or quantity of each product recommended to perform repairs described in each repair order. A computer is in communication with the identification reader and the databases. The computer receives the identifications from the identification readers and computes a performance level of the technician by comparing the type and/or quantity of each product used by the technician to the standard benchmark. 
     The subject invention further provides a method of managing a supply of products in a collision center. The method includes the step of removing at least one product from a supply of products. The at least one product is for use by a technician in repairing a vehicle. A product identification is read from a product radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag corresponding to a type and quantity of each product removed from the supply of products. The method continues by transmitting the product identification to a computer having an inventory database. An inventory level of the inventory database is updated for each product removed from the supply of products in response to receiving the product information read from the RFID tags. The method includes the step of sending a supply order electronically to a supplier based on the inventory level of each product in the supply of products. 
     The subject invention also provides a method for ordering supplies for a collision center from at least one supplier. The method includes the step of reading a product identification code from a product RFID tag corresponding to each of the supplies to be ordered. The product identification code is transmitted t from the collision center to an order manager wherein the order manager. The order manager accommodates a plurality of suppliers. The method further includes the step of generating an order based on the product identification code transmitted to the order manager. The method also includes the step of sending the order to at least one of the suppliers. 
     The system and method of the present invention provide advantages over the prior art. A first advantage is that consumption of supplies to complete a repair order may be utilized as an element of technician performance, instead of simply the time needed to complete the repair order. A second advantage is that inventory levels of products are automatically adjusted by reading the RFID tags of the products as the products are removed for use in vehicle repair. A supply order is then automatically generated based on the inventory level without needed to perform a routine “inventory check”. These advantages aid in the overall performance of the collision center by allowing technicians to focus on making quality vehicle repairs with efficient use of materials without having to waste valuable time ordering and reordering supplies. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Other advantages of the present invention will be readily appreciated, as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein: 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic view of a system according to the present invention, 
         FIG. 2  is a block diagram of the steps of a first method of the subject invention; 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram of the steps of a second method of the subject invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic view of the system showing an order manager and a plurality of suppliers; and 
         FIG. 5  is a block diagram of the steps of a third method of the subject invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Referring to the Figures, wherein like numerals indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views, a system  10  and methods  100 ,  200 ,  300  for managing supplies and computing performance in a collision center  12  are shown. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , the collision center  12  may be an automotive repair facility, a bump shop, or a repair node at an automotive manufacturing plant. However, those skilled in the art realize that the concepts disclosed herein may be applied to other facilities, such as, but not limited to, a home, a commercial business, an industrial business, or any other facility that consumes products in the course of its operations. However, for the purposes of convenience, and to illustrate the most preferred embodiment of the invention, the term collision center  12  will be used throughout this disclosure. 
     The collision center  12  of the preferred embodiment maintains a supply of products  14  for use in repairing damaged vehicles  16 . For example, these products may include vehicle components (bumpers, mirrors, etc.), paint, sandpaper, masking tape, nuts, bolts, etc. 
     In the preferred embodiment, each product in the supply of products  14  is assigned a product code. The product code corresponds to a type of each product. The term “type” of product may include, but is not limited to, the description, size, and/or brand of the product. The product code may be, but is not limited to, a universal product code (UPC) as is well known to those skilled in the art. A product identification  18  also corresponds with each product in the supply of products  14 . Each product identification  18  encodes the product code of corresponding product. The product identification  18  may also include a quantity of each product. The product identification  18  may be affixed directly to the product, attached to a shelf holding the product, attached to a bin holding a plurality of the product, etc. 
     In the preferred embodiment, the product identification  18  is a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag. The RFID tag stores data which may be transferred via radio waves. The data of the RFID tag may be a unique serial number that corresponds to the type and/or quantity of the product. Alternatively, the data of the RFID tag may be text (i.e., a string) that describes the type and/or quantity of the product. 
     RFID tags may be written to or read from without making physical contact between the RFID tag and a RFID transceiver. The RFID tag is especially suited to applications within the collision center  12 , since customized supplies, such as uniquely colored paint, must be formulated. For example, one RFID tag, used as the product identification  18 , could be used to represent the contents of a can of paint. The data encoded on the RFID tags may list 3.4 liters of Type A base, 0.3 liters of red pigment, 0.4 liters of yellow pigment, and 23 milliliters of metallic flake. Of course, multiple RFID tags could be used to represent the individual contents of the can of paint. 
     In an alternative embodiment, the product identification  18  is a bar code, which is well known in the art. The bar code may be a “one-dimensional” bar code that encodes the unique serial number or a “two-dimensional” bar code that encodes text that describes the type and/or quantity of the product. 
     The system  10  includes an identification reader  20 . The identification reader  20  is capable of reading the product code from the product identification  18  corresponding to the type and/or quantity of the product removed from a supply of products  14 . The kind of identification reader  20  is dependent on the form or forms of product identification  18  used in the collision center  12 . For example, in the preferred embodiment, where the product identifications  18  are RFID tags, an RFID reader may be implemented as the identification reader  20 . RFID readers are known to those skilled in the art and are manufactured by such Intermec Technologies Corporation headquartered in Everett, Wash., Symbol Technologies, Inc., headquartered in Holtsville, N.Y., or ThingMagic, headquartered in Cambridge, Mass. Alternatively, the identification reader  20  may be a barcode reader, a combination RFID/barcode reader, or a manual data entry device. Furthermore, those skilled in the art realize that RFID and barcode readers may be integrated with other electronic devices, such as Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) or mobile/cellular telephones. 
     In the preferred embodiment, the identification reader  20  is one or more portable devices that can be easily moved around the collision center  12 . However, the identification reader  20  may alternatively be one or more fixed devices located at various fixed locations in the collision center  12 . 
     The system  10  also includes a computer  22  in communication with the identification reader  20 . In the preferred embodiment, a wireless network  24  is utilized to provide communication between the handheld identification reader  20  and the computer  22 . The wireless network  24  is preferably a radio frequency (RF) network (e.g. 802.11, cellular telephone, PCS, Bluetooth, etc.). However, other forms of wireless networking may be implemented. Alternatively, the communication between the computer  22  and the identification reader  20  may be accomplished by hardwired connections, such as, but not limited to, placing the identification reader  20  in a “cradle” connected to the computer  22  for a transfer of data to and from the computer  22 . 
     The computer  22  is in communication with at least one database  26  for storing data. In the preferred embodiment, the at least one database  26  is stored in the computer  22 . It is preferred that the at least one database  26  include a plurality of databases that are linked to each other. This configuration is well known to those skilled in the art as a “relational database”. 
     In the preferred embodiment, the computer  22  and the at least one database  26  are located at the collision center  12  (i.e., a client based database). However, in alternative embodiments, the computer  22  and/or the databases  26  may be located at remote locations distant from the collision center  12  (i.e., a web based database). 
     The at least one database  26  preferably includes a repair order database  28 . The repair order database  28  stores repair orders  36 . Each repair order  36  describes the repairs to be performed to the vehicle  16  as well as information about the vehicle  16 . For example, one repair order  36  may include descriptions such as “replace rear bumper”, “bump out driver&#39;s side rear quarter panel”, and “repaint driver&#39;s side rear quarter panel”. The repair order  36  may also include vehicle make, model, model year, manufacture date, vehicle identification number (VIN), color, etc. 
     Each repair order  36  is identified by a repair order code. This repair order code is typically a unique number for differentiating one repair order  36  from all other repair orders  36 . In the preferred embodiment, each repair order  36  is printed out for convenient use by a technician  38  repairing the vehicle  16 . The repair order  36  includes a repair order identification  40  that encodes the repair order  36  code. The repair order identification  40  is preferably an RFID tag, but may alternatively be a barcode or other suitable identifying device. 
     The at least one database  26  further preferably includes a technician performance database  30 . The technician performance database  30  may store information such as, but not limited to, an overall performance rating, a time rating, a quality rating, and a material consumption rating. Each technician  38  in the collision center  12  is also uniquely identified with a technician code which is stored in the technician performance database  30 . As with the product and repair order codes described above, the technician code is preferably encoded in a technician identification  42 , such as an RFID tag, bar code, etc. The technician identification  42  may be attached to an identification badge worn by the technician  38  or by other suitable techniques. 
     The at least one database  26  also preferably includes a benchmark database  32 . The benchmark database  32  stores standard benchmarks indicating type and/or quantity of each product recommended to perform repairs described in each repair order  36 . For example, for the repair “repaint driver&#39;s side rear quarter panel” of a black 2003 Lincoln LS, the standard benchmark may be “one roll of 2 inch wide masking tape”, “4.3 liters of paint”, and “300 milliliters of metallic flake”. These standard benchmarks may be fixed national averages, developed, for example, by industry standards organizations, insurance company requirements, or by past experience of the collision center  12 . Moreover, the standard benchmarks may be developed from data from other collision centers for “collision center to collision center” comparison. 
     The at least one database  26  further preferably includes an inventory database  34 . The inventory database  34  stores inventory levels corresponding to each product in the supply of products  14 . In addition, the inventory database  34  may also include a reorder level for each product in the supply of products  14 . When the inventory level for a product is equal to or less than the reorder level, then the product should be reordered to avoid running out of the item, thus causing delays in the repair of vehicles  16  in the collision center  12 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 2 , a first method  100  of the subject invention includes the step of removing  102  at least one product from the supply of products  14  for use by one of the technicians  38  in repairing a vehicle  16 . The technician  38  or another individual may remove the products manually from the supply of products  14 . Alternatively, the products may be removed automatically using an automated storage and retrieval system (AS/RS) or other similar devices as are known to those skilled in the art. 
     The first method  100  further includes the step of reading  104  the product identification  18  corresponding to a type and/or a quantity of each product removed from the supply of products  14 . Preferably, the product identification  18  is an RFID tag and is quickly read using the identification reader  20 . Alternatively the product identification  18  may be a barcode. Furthermore, the product code could be entered manually using a PDA or other like device. Obviously, this step could involve reading the product identifications  18  for a plurality of products. 
     The first method  100  continues with reading  106  the repair order identification  40  corresponding to a repair order  36  for the vehicle  16  under repair. As described above, the repair order  36  includes a description of repairs to be performed. Next, the first method  100  progresses by reading  108  the technician identification  42  corresponding to the technician  38  using the at least one product to repair the vehicle  16 . The repair order identification  40  and technician identification  42  are readable by the identification reader  20 . 
     Next, the identifications  18 ,  40 ,  42  are transmitted  110  to the computer  22 . The identifications  18 ,  40 ,  42  are related to one another; the product identifications  18  correspond to the products being required by the repair order  36  and the technicians identification  40 ,  42  corresponds to the technician  38  performing the work required by the repair order  36 . The computer  22  is in communication with the at least one databases  26 , including the inventory database  34 , the repair order database  28 , the technician performance database  30 , and the benchmark database  32 . 
     The computer  22  then retrieves  112  a standard benchmark from the benchmark database  32  indicating the type and/or quantity of each product recommended to perform the repairs described in the repair order  36 . This standard benchmark is preferably predetermined data representing the “best practices” for the collision center  12 . 
     The first method  100  continues with the step of computing  114  a performance level of the technician  38 . This performance level may be based on several indicators of technician  38  performance. One such indicator may be the material consumption rating and is computed by comparing the type and/or quantity of each product used by the technician  38  to the standard benchmark. 
     The first method  100  may also include the step of computing an inventory level of each product of the supply of products  14 . As products are removed from the supply of products  14  for use in repairing vehicle  16 , the inventory level of each product is appropriately decremented by quantity of product used. Conversely, as new products are received from a supplier  44  or unused products are returned to the supply of products  14  by the technician  38 , the inventory level of each product is appropriately incremented. Therefore, the product database provides an accurate representation of each product currently on hand at the collision center  12 . 
     The first method  100  may further include the step of computing a product cost for the repair order  36 . This computation is accomplished by accessing cost information from the product database and summing the costs of products actually removed for use (and not returned) by the technician  38  in repairing the vehicle  16 . As such, the owner of the vehicle  16  may receive an actual, itemized billing of exactly what products were used in repair of their vehicle  16 , instead of a mere estimation of product costs. 
     Referring to  FIG. 3 , a second method  200  includes the step of removing  202  at least one product from the supply of products  14  for use by the technician  38  in repairing a vehicle  16 . The second method  200  continues with the step of reading  204  a product identification  18  from a product RFID tag corresponding to a type and quantity of each product removed from the supply of products  14 . The identification reader  20  is used to read the RFID tag. 
     Next, the product information is transmitted  206  the product identification  18  to the computer  22 . The computer  22  is in communication with the inventory database  34 . The inventory level of the inventory database  34  is updated  208  for each product removed from the supply of products  14  in response to receiving the product information read from the RFID tags. Specifically, the inventory level of each product is decremented (i.e., reduced) for each product removed. 
     As mentioned previously, the inventory database  34  includes a reorder level for each product. Once the inventory level for a product is equal to or less than the reorder level, the second method  200  continues by sending  210  a supply order to a supplier  44 . In the preferred embodiment, the supply order is preferably transmitted electronically from the collision center  12  to the supplier  44  via a network  46 , such as the Internet. Those skilled in the art realize numerous implementations of the network  46 , such as, but not limited to, Ethernet, DSL, ISDN, cable TV, 802.11, and cellular telephone. In a first alternative embodiment, the supply order may be transmitted to the supplier  44  via telephone, fax, or printed and mailed to the supplier  44 . In a second alternative embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 5 , the supply order may be transmitted to an order manager, who will break the supply order up into smaller orders which are each transmitted to an appropriate supplier  44 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 4 and 5 , the subject invention also provides a third method  300  for ordering a supply of products for the collision center from at least one supplier. In contrast to the first and second methods  100 ,  200 , the third method  300  is used to create a “spot order” of supplies for the collision center  12 , regardless of the inventory level or the inventory database. Said another way, the third method  300  allows for an immediate replenishment of supplies. 
     The third method  300  includes the step of reading  302  the product code from the product RFID tag. The product code and product RFID tag corresponds the supply to be ordered. Of course, a plurality of product codes may be read from a plurality of product RFID tags to order different products or a higher quantity of a single product. Preferably, the RFID tag is read with a handheld, wireless RFID tag reader. Alternatively, stationary RFID tag readers may also be utilized, such as a stationary RFID tag reader mounted near a storeroom door in the collision center  12 . 
     The third method  300  continues with the step of transmitting  304  the product code from the collision center to an order manager  48 . Preferably, the order manager  48  is a third-party independent from the collision center  12  and the supplier  44 . Alternatively, the role of order manager  48  may be fulfilled by the supplier  44  or the collision center  12 . The order manager  48  may accommodate a plurality of suppliers  44  by maintaining databases containing the supplies provided by each of the suppliers  44 . The product code may be transmitted from the collision center to the order manager through the network  46 , such as the Internet. The network  46  may be a hard-wired network or a wireless network as described above and well known to those skilled in the art. 
     The third method  300  continues by generating  306  a supply order based on the product code, or codes, transmitted to the order manager  48 . Multiple supply orders, each directed towards a different supplier  44 , may be generated depending on the supplies provided by different suppliers  44 . 
     Next, the supply order, or multiple supply orders, is transmitted  308  to the at least one supplier  44  or multiple suppliers  44 . The supply order is preferably transferred electronically from the order manager to the supplier  44  or suppliers  44  via the network  46 , such as the Internet. Of course, as mentioned above, numerous other techniques are available to transmit the supply order to the supplier  44 . Also, those skilled in the art realize that the network  46  allowing communication between the collision center  12  and the order manager  48  may or may not be separate from the network  46  allowing communication between the order manager  48  and the suppliers  44 . 
     The first, second, and third methods  100 ,  200 ,  300  described above list the progression of steps in the order of the preferred embodiment. Of course, the steps may be performed in alternative orders in alternative embodiments. 
     Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. The invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described within the scope of the appended claims.