Abstract:
A solid state illuminator and display are provided for bi-colored ported water level gauges suitable for use in high pressure steam drums or similar water/steam devices to facilitate making an accurate determination of water level in such devices. The illuminator includes an array of bi-colored solid state light emitting diodes (LEDs), as the light source, and a precision lens to focus the light provided from the LEDs through a gauge body and onto a viewing screen.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
       [0001]     This is a continuation of co-pending application Ser. No. 11/056,103 filed Feb. 14, 2005, which is a divisional application of co-pending patent application, U.S. Ser. No. 10/487,868 filed Feb. 26, 2004, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,938,477 with issue date Sep. 6, 2005, which is a national stage entry of PCT/CA03/01684, filed Nov. 3, 2003, and is entitled to and hereby claims the priority thereof. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002]     The present invention relates, generally, to a device for accurate determination of water level in a high pressure boiler drum or other similar water/steam apparatus. More specifically, the present invention utilizes an array of vertically arranged, bi-colored, solid state light emitting diodes (LEDs) to provide light that is focused through an array of precision lenses and projected through either steam or water and displayed upon a view screen. The presence of either steam or water at a level corresponding to each LED in the array of LEDs will result in a clear and unmistakable color change observable on the view screen.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0003]     The design and use of bi-colored light for determining water levels in steam boilers is well taught and documented in the art. Traditionally, incandescent light is passed through colored lenses as the light source. These designs suffer from numerous deficiencies in their fragility, efficiency, power requirements and life span. An incandescent light source utilizes a fragile filament operating at high temperature. This filament can easily become damaged and break when subjected to continued vibration. In addition, the high operating temperature of the filament limits the life span of the incandescent light. The same incandescent light source requires a high level of power to operate and only a small percentage of this power is converted to usable light. The remaining power is lost, predominantly as heat.  
         [0004]     Numerous liquid level indicators can be found in the art to which the present invention provides advances. U.S. Pat. No. 2,510,729 describes an indicating gauge in which a vertical column containing both water and steam includes a multitude of bores which pass horizontally through the column and allow for visual inspection of the contents of the column present at the corresponding level. An operator is able to inspect and determine the level at which the contents of the column shift from water to steam.  
         [0005]     In U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,024,815 and 2,115,889, indicators that utilize the reflective and refractive properties of water, steam and light are revealed. In each case, the operator inspects the individual gauges within a plurality of gauges and is able to determine the water/steam level by observing a color change associated with the level corresponding to the change from water to steam. The device of U.S. Pat. No. 2,115,889 provides an additional means to visually inspect the gauge at a greater distance, more specifically, at a position located far below the gauge. The light is provided in each of these devices via an incandescent light source.  
         [0006]     U.S. Pat. No. 4,836,022 describes a bi-color fluviograph for use in steam boilers and provides improvement to the intensity of light provided from the light source and includes benefits aimed at reducing the frequency of maintenance of the fluviograph. The light is provided by a flourescent lamp and the colors are introduced via two planes, one painted red, and the other green. The fluviograph increases the intensity of the red light to allow for its operation in murky or turbulent water conditions that would render most previous devices inoperable. A further advantage is that the device need not be cleaned as frequently. Traditionally, the impurities in the water contained within the boiler would deposit on the lens and gradually reduce the effective light transmitted. This effect is lessened by increasing the light intensity.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0007]     The present invention provides a gauge system that incorporates a solid state illuminator and corresponding view screen, which can help accurately determine the water level in steam boilers or similar devices, and do so in a safe, economical, and efficient manner.  
         [0008]     The use of light emitting diodes as a light source in a level gauge illuminator provides reduced operating costs in that much or virtually all power is converted to visible light. In addition, the nominal life of an LED is 100,000 hours. An LED is unaffected by continued vibration. An LED is capable of producing red and green light directly, eliminating the need for colored glass. Finally, an LED requires minimal power to operate and the use of a solid state illuminator would be intrinsically safe in a hazardous environment.  
         [0009]     According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bi-color ported water level gauge for use in determining the water level in a steam/water environment, for instance in a boiler steam drum. The bi-color ported water level gauge includes an electronic printed circuit board containing an array of high-intensity, narrow beam, red/green light emitting diodes, the electronic printed circuit board being mounted on an electronics divider board; a divider board having a plurality of viewing ports that are individually aligned with the light emitting diodes, and preferably substantially equal in number thereto; a heat divider for protecting the printed circuit board from high temperatures existing at the water level gauge; an external housing having rows of offset slots to reduce heat transmission; and a display means, such as a view screen, onto which light originating from the light emitting diodes is projected for inspection by an operator.  
         [0010]     According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bi-color ported water level gauge illuminator for use in determining the water level in a steam/water environment, for instance in a boiler steam drum. The bi-color ported water level gauge illuminator includes an electronic printed circuit board containing an array of high-intensity, narrow beam, red/green light emitting diodes, the electronic printed circuit board being mounted on an electronics divider board; a divider board having a plurality of viewing ports that are individually aligned with the light emitting diodes, and preferably substantially equal in number thereto; a heat divider for protecting the printed circuit board from high temperatures existing at the water level gauge; and an external housing having rows of offset slots to reduce heat transmission.  
         [0011]     According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bi-color ported water level gauge for use in determining the water level in a steam/water environment, for instance in a boiler steam drum. The bi-color ported water level gauge includes an electronic printed circuit board containing an array of high-intensity, narrow beam, red/green light emitting diodes, the electronic printed circuit board being mounted on an electronics divider board; a lens divider board having a plurality of viewing ports, each containing focusing lenses, such as a plano-convex lens, for focusing light originating from the light emitting diodes, the ports being individually aligned with the light emitting diodes, and preferably substantially equal in number thereto; a heat divider for protecting the printed circuit board from high temperatures existing at the water level gauge; an external housing having rows of offset slots to reduce heat transmission; and a display means, such as a view screen, onto which light originating from the light emitting diodes is projected for inspection by an operator.  
         [0012]     According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bi-color ported water level gauge illuminator for use in determining the water level in a steam/water environment, for instance in a boiler steam drum. The bi-color ported water level gauge illuminator includes an electronic printed circuit board containing an array of high-intensity, narrow beam, red/green light emitting diodes, the electronic printed circuit board being mounted on an electronics divider board; a lens divider board having a plurality of viewing ports, each containing focusing lenses, such as a piano-convex lens, for focusing light originating from the light emitting diodes, the ports being individually aligned with the light emitting diodes, and preferably substantially equal in number thereto; a heat divider for protecting the printed circuit board from high temperatures existing at the water level gauge; and an external housing having rows of offset slots to reduce heat transmission.  
         [0013]     A further aspect of the invention provides a method for determining the water level in a boiler steam heater, or similar water/steam device. The method includes the steps of projecting a first light from one or more light emitting diodes of a first color; projecting a second light from one or more light emitting diodes of a second color; passing the first and second lights though a column containing steam and water at a varying level onto a projection screen positioned on an opposing side of the column relative to the light emitting diodes while protecting the light emitting diodes from heat generated at the column; observing the position of the first and second light on the projection screen at varying vertical levels along the column; and determining the presence of water or steam at each of the varying vertical levels based upon the observed positions of the first and second lights on the projection screen. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0014]      FIG. 1   a  is a perspective view of a conventional water level gauge, demonstrating a vertical array of viewing ports.  
         [0015]      FIG. 1   b  is a perspective view of an individual port.  
         [0016]      FIG. 1   c  is a exploded, perspective view of an individual port.  
         [0017]      FIGS. 2   a ,  2   b , and  2   c  constitute a perspective view of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention including the component parts, from left to right, of a level display, a level gauge, and an illuminator;  
         [0018]      FIG. 3   a  is an exploded, perspective view of an illuminator according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0019]      FIG. 3   b  is a completed, perspective view of the illuminator of  FIG. 3   a.    
         [0020]      FIG. 3   c  is an exploded, perspective view of an electronics divider board, and a lens divider board according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0021]      FIG. 3   d  is a perspective view of the lens divider board of  FIG. 3   c , including an array of lenses, one lens of which is presented in an exploded view.  
         [0022]      FIG. 3   e  is an exploded perspective view of external housing of the illuminator according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0023]      FIG. 4   a  is a perspective view of an inner display end plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0024]      FIG. 4   b  is an exploded, perspective view of a level display according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0025]      FIG. 4   c  is a completed, perspective view of the level display of  FIG. 4   b.    
         [0026]      FIG. 5  is an exploded, perspective view of a level display according to a second embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0027]      FIG. 6  is a completed, perspective view of the level display of  FIG. 5 .  
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0028]     The system of the present invention comprises two main components: an illuminator, and a level display.  
         [0029]     These two main components interact with a conventional water level gauge  22  as can be seen in  FIG. 1A . A conventional water level gauge  22  is made up of a series of ports  3 , arranged vertically along a column  2 , each comprising an opening  4  protected by glass, though which light may pass. When installed on a water boiler, or similar device, water or steam or a combination of the two will pass from the boiler, through the pipe  1 , and into the column  2 . An operator, who wishes to inspect the column  2  may peer through the series of ports  3 , and determine the level of water within the gauge, and correspondingly, the boiler.  
         [0030]     As can be seen in  FIGS. 2   a ,  2   b , and  2   c , an illuminator  14  and level display  23  interact with a level gauge  22  by an interface that is formed between hooks  18  on the outer housings of the illuminator and the level display and a bolt  17  on the column  2  of the level gauge.  
         [0031]     Referring to  FIGS. 3   a - 3   e , the illuminator may comprise an electronic printed circuit board (PCB)  10  containing an array of red and green light emitting diodes (LEDs)  19 , an array of piano-convex lenses  13 , equal in number to the number of LEDs  19 , and an external housing  20 , made up of a first portion  8  and a second portion  9 , adapted for attachment to a conventional water level gauge. The light emitting diodes may be configured in a paired linear array mounted along the longitudinal axis of the electronic PCB as shown in  FIG. 3   a , with one first color and one second color light emitting diode in each pair being mounted adjacent to each other along the lateral axis of the electronic PCB  10 . Further, the first and second color light emitting diodes are preferably configured with at least two lights emitting diodes of the first color in parallel for independent operation, and at least two light emitting diodes of the second color in parallel for independent operation.  
         [0032]     The PCB  10  utilizes precision resistors to regulate the current supplied to each LED  19 . The PCB further utilizes a terminal block corresponding to each LED  19  that provides a connection point for the input power and allows for jumpering between individual PCBs  10 . The PCB  10  is mounted on an electronics divider  11  which is, in turn, attached to the first portion  8  and second portion  9  of the external housing  20 . A lens divider board  12  is positioned adjacent to the array of LEDs  19 , and is attached to the first and second portions  8 ,  9  of the outer housing. This lens divider board  12 , has a number of plano-convex lenses  13 , equal to the number of LEDs  19  present on the PCB  10 . These lenses  13  focus light through an equal number of holes  21  in a heat divider  26  mounted on the first portion  8  of the external housing  20  so as to provide light to be passed through a level gauge.  
         [0033]     The first and second portions  8 ,  9  of the illuminator housing  20  further include an array of offset slots  24  extending substantially completely from top to bottom. These slots  24  are designed and offset to limit the transmission of heat originating in the level gauge. The typical operating environment of a level gauge for a steam boiler is very high, typically in the range of 696 degrees F. (369 degrees Celsius). By introducing these slots to the design, heat transmission by conduction from the level gauge to the PCB board assembly and the LEDs is reduced, and the LEDs are isolated from these high operating temperatures.  
         [0034]     Referring now to  FIGS. 4   a ,  4   b , and  4   c , the level display  23  may comprise a viewing screen  15  for viewing the light transmitted from the LEDs, having passed through a conventional water level gauge, an adjustable end plate  5  for blocking the unused red and green images, and a first portion  16  and second portion  7  of an external housing adapted for attachment to a conventional water level gauge. An adjustable end plate  5  provides openings  6  at the levels of concern and blocks the display of unwanted red and green light. The adjustable end plate  5  ensures that the operator can clearly distinguish between the levels and reduces error.  
         [0035]     Referring now to  FIGS. 5 and 6 , a second heat divider  25  is provided for reducing the transmission of heat from the level gauge  22  to the view screen  15 . Additionally, an array of offset slots  24  extends substantially completely from top to bottom of the level display  23 . These slots  24  are designed and offset to limit the transmission of excess heat originating in the level gauge  22 , which may impair the functionality of the display.  
       INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY  
       [0036]     The bi-color water level gauge and illuminator device taught herein generally provides an improved means for determining the water level in a boiler steam drum, heater, or similar water/steam device.