Abstract:
A smoking article such as a filter cigarette includes a rotary flow control device ( 2 ) in its filter assembly that comprises first, second and third body portions ( 3, 4, 5 ). The first body portion ( 1 ) contains a plug ( 6 ) of filter material and is attached to a tobacco rod ( 1 ). The second portion ( 4 ) contains different smoke flavourants in different sectors ( 18 ), which can be aligned by manual rotation individually with a smoke flow passageway ( 13, 35 ) to impart different flavours to the smoke that passes to the mouth of the consumer. The second body portion ( 4 ) is rotated through the agency of the third body portion ( 5 ). First and second ratchet mechanisms ( 14,19; 20, 24 ) are disposed between the second body portion ( 4 ) and the first and third body portions respectively to allow assured rotation of the second portion to select individual flavourants for the smoke passing to the consumer.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    This invention relates to a flow control device for a smoking article which may be used to modify a gaseous flow such as smoke supplied to a consumer. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    It is known from EP 0317154A and U.S. Pat. No. 4,677,995 to provide filters for cigarettes which include a rotatable filter segment having two smoke flow paths containing different flavourant materials, that can be rotated to select different paths through which smoke travels to the consumer. This enables the user to select a flavourant or different levels of filtering, in dependence on the angle of rotation of the filter segment. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    According to the present invention, there is provided a flow control device for a smoking article comprising an elongate body having first and second body portions rotatable relative to one another about a common axis and having a gaseous flow passageway to allow gas to flow through the body, the body portions being configured to make a modification to gas flow along the passageway dependent upon the relative angle of rotation of the body portions about the axis, and a ratchet mechanism associated with the first and second body portions for controlling manual rotation of the first and second body portions relative to one another about the axis to provide a selected gas flow modification. 
         [0004]    The ratchet mechanism may allow unidirectional rotation of the body portion relative to one another and may produce a succession of audible clicking sounds during rotation. This enables the consumer to check the angle of rotation of the body portions. Each of the clicking sounds may denote rotation of the body portions through a predetermined angle. 
         [0005]    The second body portion may include different sectors configured to produce at least one different gas flow modification along the passageway. The gas flow modification may comprise a modification of the flavour thereof. The different sectors of the second body portion may contain different flavourants for tobacco smoke such as to provide a gas flow modification by modifying the flavour of tobacco smoke. The sectors may comprise quadrants, three of which may contain respective different flavourants and the fourth may contain no flavourant in order to provide an unflavoured option for the smoke passing through the passageway to the consumer. 
         [0006]    The device may include third body portion rotatable relative to the first and second body portions with a gas flow passageway to allow the gas flow to pass through the third portion, and a ratchet mechanism to allow manual rotation of the third body portion relative to the second body portion. The ratchet mechanisms may allow unidirectional rotation of the second body portion relative to the first body portion with a first hand of rotation and unidirectional rotation of the third portion relative to the second portion with a second opposite hand of rotation. In this way, the third body portion can be used to rotate the second body portion relative to the first body portion to select different sectors of the second portion to modify the gas flow selectively. 
         [0007]    A smoking article filter, for example a plug of cellulose acetate material, may be received in the first body portion or the third body portion. A tobacco rod may be coupled to the first body portion. 
         [0008]    The or each ratchet mechanism may comprise cooperating peripheral teeth and recesses formed in the body portions. 
         [0009]    The flow device according to the invention may be used in smoking articles that may comprise smokable products such as cigarettes, cigars and cigarillos whether based on tobacco, tobacco derivatives, expanded tobacco, reconstituted tobacco or tobacco substitutes, heat-not-burn products and other nicotine delivery systems such as aerosol delivery devices that deliver a generally gaseous flow to the consumer. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0010]    The invention will now be described by way of illustrative example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
           [0011]      FIG. 1  is a schematic cross sectional view of a cigarette with a filter that contains a flow control device; 
           [0012]      FIG. 2  is a schematic exploded, perspective view of the flow control device illustrated in  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0013]      FIG. 3  is a more detailed view of a first, tobacco end body portion of the device illustrated in  FIG. 2 ; 
           [0014]      FIG. 4  is an enlarged perspective view of a second, middle body portion illustrated in  FIG. 2  with sectors containing different flavourant; 
           [0015]      FIG. 5  is an enlarged, flipped over perspective view of a third, mouth end body portion illustrated in  FIG. 2 ; 
           [0016]      FIG. 6  is a partially broken away view of the device of  FIG. 2  when assembled; and 
           [0017]      FIG. 7  illustrates a schematically operation of the flow control device. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0018]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , a smoking article in the form of a cigarette comprises a tobacco rod  1  that abuts a filter unit including a flow control device  2  that comprises a first, generally tubular body portion  3  abutting the tobacco rod  1 , the body portion  3  containing a second, middle body portion  4 . A third, rotary, mouth end body portion  5  abuts the second body portion  4 . The body portions  3 ,  4 ,  5  are generally tubular, coaxial and may be formed of moulded plastics material. The filter unit also includes plugs of filter material  6 ,  7 , conveniently cellulous acetate material fitted into opposite ends of the flow control device  2 . 
         [0019]    The flow control device  2  is illustrated in more detail in  FIGS. 2-5 , with the filter plugs  6 ,  7  and tobacco rod  1  omitted. The first body portion  3  may be of diameter corresponding to a conventional cigarette so that the tobacco rod  1  in  FIG. 1  can be attached to the body portion  3  by a paper wrap  8  illustrated in  FIG. 1 . Referring to  FIG. 3 , the first body portion  3  has a tubular outer wall  9  and a diametrically extending inner bulkhead wall  10  that divides the body portion  3  into a distal chamber  11  that receives the filter plug  6  illustrated in  FIG. 1 , and a proximal chamber  12  that receives the second body portion  4  illustrated in  FIG. 2 . The wall  10  has a cut out portion that provides an air flow passageway  13  from the chamber  11  into chamber  12  to allow gaseous flow i.e. smoke to flow from the tobacco rod  1 , through the plug  6  to the second body portion in chamber  12 . 
         [0020]    The wall  10  is provided with circumferential wedge-shaped teeth  14  that form part of a first ratchet mechanism that controls rotation of the second body portion  4 . 
         [0021]    The second body portion  4  is illustrated in more detail in  FIG. 4  and comprises a cylindrical outer wall  15 , a central, axial portion  16  and a plurality of radial arms  17 , in this case four such arms, which divide the interior of the body portion  4  into sectors, in this case quadrants  18 - 1 ,  18 - 2 ,  18 - 3 ,  18 - 4 . In alternative examples of the invention, two, three or more than four sectors can be provided. 
         [0022]    The quadrants  18 - 1 ,  18 - 2 ,  18 - 3  are each filled with a different flavourant on a porous, smoke permeable matrix such as cellulose acetate, suitable for flavouring smoke. The quadrant  18 - 4  however provides an open passageway, with no flavourant. In other examples of the invention, the quadrant  18 - 4  could contain a similar smoke permeable matrix to that used in other quadrants  18 - 1 ,  18 - 2 ,  18 - 3 , but without including any flavourant, such that the draw resistance for each of the quadrants  18 - 1  to  18 - 4  is substantially uniform. The individual quadrants  18  can be aligned by rotation of the second body portion  4  relative to the first body portion  3  about longitudinal, central axis A-A′ so as to align the individual quadrants  18  with the gas flow passageway  13  for smoke from the tobacco rod  1 . 
         [0023]    The distal end of wall  15  is provided with circumferential, wedge-shaped recesses  19  that cooperate with the wedged-shaped teeth  14  illustrated in  FIG. 3  on the wall  10  of the first body portion  3  such that the second body portion can be rotated unidirectionally relative to the first body portion in the direction of arrow X illustrated in  FIG. 4 . The recesses  19  and teeth  14  thereby define a first ratchet mechanism that allows the individual quadrants  18  to be aligned in the gas flow passageway provided by the cut out portion  13 . The ratchet mechanism may produce an audible clicking sound each time the teeth  14  drop into the recesses  19 . In one example, four such clicks are produced each time the second body portion  4  is rotated through 90° to align the next quadrant  18  with the cut out portion  13 . 
         [0024]    The second body portion  4  also includes peripheral recesses  20  at its proximal end that cooperate with the third body portion  5  to form a second ratchet mechanism as will now be described. 
         [0025]    The third body portion  5  is illustrated in more detail in  FIG. 5  and includes a main, generally cylindrical main wall  21  which may be of the same exterior diameter as the wall  9  of the first body portion. The wall  21  extends from proximal end  21 A to a lip  21 B that connects to a wall portion  22  of reduced diameter that fits inside chamber  12  of the first body portion. Diametrically extending distal wall  23  is formed with wedge shaped teeth  24  that cooperate with the recesses  20  illustrated in  FIG. 4  on the second body portion  4 . An aperture is formed in the distal wall  23  to act as a gas flow passageway  25 , permitting smoke to flow to the consumer at the distal end  21 A through filter plug  7  illustrated in  FIG. 1 , after having passed through a selected one of the quadrants  18  illustrated in  FIG. 4 . 
         [0026]    The third body portion  5  is provided with a lip (not illustrated) that allows the wall portion  22  to be retained in the cavity  12 , with the second body portion  4  sandwiched between the wall  10  of the first body portion  3  and wall  23  of the third body portion  5 . 
         [0027]    The teeth  24  on the third body portion  5  cooperate with the recesses  20  on the second body portion  4  to provide a second ratchet mechanism which acts in the manner of a free-wheel so that the third body portion  5  can rotate the second body portion  4  in the direction of arrow X illustrated in  FIG. 4 , but rotation of the third body portion  5  in direction Y opposite to arrow X permits rotation of the third body portion relative to the second body portion. The second ratchet mechanism  20 , 24  also produces an audible clicking sound, with four clicks being produced for a 90° rotation of the third body portion  5  relative to the second body portion  4 . 
         [0028]    The device is operated as illustrated in  FIG. 7 . The device is initially assembled as illustrated in the Figures, with the open quadrant  18 - 4  that contains no flavourant, aligned with the passageway  13  in wall  10  of first body portion  3 , and also aligned with passageway  25  of the third body portion  5 . Thus, smoke drawn from the tobacco rod  1  by the consumer flows through the open segment  18 - 4  and no flavour is imparted to the smoke. Thereafter, the third body portion  4  is turned through 90° clockwise as illustrated in  FIG. 7  by arrow direction X followed by 90° anticlockwise in the direction of arrow Y in order to align the quadrant  18 - 3  with the gas flow passageway between apertures  13 ,  25 . The 90° movement in the direction of arrow X can be determined by listening for four clicks of the first ratchet mechanism and the corresponding return, anticlockwise movement can be ascertained by listening for four clicks of the second ratchet mechanism when rotated in the direction of arrow Y. Also, the various quadrants may be marked on the exterior of the flow control device  2  by marker lines  26 ,  26 ′ that are aligned in the initial configuration of the device and quadrant defining markers  27 . Such markers can be arranged to indicate to the user when a 90° rotation has occurred. 
         [0029]    The process can then be repeated to align the flavourant from quadrant  18 - 2  with the gas flow passageway and a third time to align quadrant  18 - 1  with the passageway to allow the user to select the different flavourants in the three flavourant-containing quadrants. 
         [0030]    Whilst in the foregoing description, three different flavours are described, instead, an individual flavour may be provided in different strengths for the different quadrant to allow the user to select different flavourant strengths. 
         [0031]    The flow control device  2  may be used also to produce a different gas flow modification for the flow through the device, for example to introduce different filtering materials such as activated charcoal or other selected filter materials into the gas flow passageway  13 ,  25 . 
         [0032]    As used herein, the terms “flavour” and “flavourant” refer to materials which, where local regulations permit, may be used to create a desired taste or aroma in a product. They may include extracts e.g., licorice, hydrangea, Japanese white bark magnolia leaf, chamomile, fenugreek, clove, menthol, Japanese mint, aniseed, cinnamon, herb, wintergreen, cherry, berry, peach, apple, Dramboui, bourbon, scotch, whiskey, spearmint, peppermint, lavender, cardamon, celery, cascarilla, nutmeg, sandalwood, bergamot, geranium, honey essence, rose oil, vanilla, lemon oil, orange oil, cassia, caraway, cognac, jasmine, ylang-ylang, sage, fennel, piment, ginger, anise, coriander, coffee, or a mint oil from any species of the genus  Mentha ), flavour masking agents, bitterness receptor site blockers, receptor site enhancers, sweeteners e.g., sucralose, acesulfame potassium, aspartame, saccharine, cyclamates, lactose, sucrose, glucose, fructose, sorbitol, or mannitol, and other additives such aschlorophyll, minerals, botanicals, or breath freshening agents. They may be imitation, synthetic or natural ingredients or blends thereof. They may be in any suitable form, for example, oil, liquid, or powder.