Abstract:
The present invention discloses an optical touch control apparatus, comprising: a light guide module having an optical information capturing position, the light guide module guiding light to the optical information capturing position, and generating optical information according to light input through or reflected from the optical information capturing position; and an image sensor module for sensing the optical information, and generating an electronic signal according to the optical information.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    The present invention is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 11/737,899 filed on Apr. 20, 2007. 
     
    
     FIELD OF INVENTION  
       [0002]    The present invention relates to an optical touch control apparatus which generates a control signal by optically detecting the movement of an input device, and a method thereof. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0003]    Touch-control apparatuses have become widely used in many applications, such as touchpad in a notebook computer, touch screen in an automatic teller machine, touch panel in a PDA or an electronic dictionary, etc. Presently there are resistance-type and capacitance-type touch control apparatuses. A resistance-type touch control apparatus senses the touched position by voltage drop; when its screen is touched, a circuit is conducted which results in a voltage drop in the horizontal axis and a voltage drop in the vertical axis. The amounts of the voltage drops are different depending on the touched position, and therefore the x-y coordinates of the touched position may be obtained. A capacitance-type touch control apparatus includes an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) glass substrate. A uniform electric field is formed over its surface by discharging from its corners. When a conductive object, such as a human finger, conducts current away from the electric field, the lost amount of current may be used to calculate the x-y coordinates of the touched position. 
       SUMMARY  
       [0004]    An object of the present invention is to provide a novel optical touch control apparatus which is neither resistance-type nor capacitance-type; it detects the movement of an input device by an optical approach. Thus, the input device does not have to exert pressure on a screen or a pad, nor does it have to be conductive. In addition, no complicated manufacturing process is required; the cost of the touch control apparatus according to the present invention is much lower than that of a resistance-type or capacitance-type touch control apparatus. 
         [0005]    Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling a touch control apparatus. 
         [0006]    To achieve the above and other objects, and as disclosed by one embodiment of the present invention, an optical touch control apparatus comprises: a light guide module having an optical information capturing position, the light guide module guiding light to the optical information capturing position, and generating optical information according to light input through or reflected from the optical information capturing position; and an image sensor module for sensing the optical information, and generating an electronic signal according to the optical information. 
         [0007]    Preferably, the optical touch control apparatus comprises an infrared light source. Also preferably, a lens module is interposed between the light guide module and the image sensor module. Moreover, the optical touch control apparatus may further comprise a feedback control circuit which controls illumination of the light source according to the optical information generated by the light guide module. Preferably, the electronic signal generated by the image sensor module may be processed by a processor circuit to generate an output signal for controlling a cursor, or for providing other functions, or for generating three-dimensional information. 
         [0008]    In addition, according to another embodiment of the present invention, a method for controlling an optical touch control apparatus comprises: providing a light guide module having an optical information capturing position; causing the light guide module to generate optical information according to light input through or reflected from the optical information capturing position; and sensing the optical information, and generating an electronic signal according to the optical information. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0009]    These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with reference to the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings. 
           [0010]      FIG. 1  shows a first embodiment according to the present invention. 
           [0011]      FIG. 2  explains how to calculate three-dimensional information. 
           [0012]      FIG. 3  shows a second embodiment according to the present invention. 
           [0013]      FIG. 4  shows a third embodiment according to the present invention. 
           [0014]      FIG. 5  shows an application of the third embodiment in a mobile phone. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0015]    The drawings of the present invention are for illustrative purpose only; they are not drawn according to actual scale. It is intended for these drawings to show the functional relationship among the devices, rather than physical shape and structure. The optical touch control apparatus according to the present invention may be applied to touchpad, touch panel, touch screen, and other applications. As a matter of fact, for the optical touch control apparatus of the present invention to work, it does not require “touching”. The term “touch control apparatus” is used in the context of the specification to imply that the present invention provides an alternative for the conventional touch control apparatus. It does not mean that the apparatus according to the present invention detects the position of an input device by its touching. 
         [0016]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , the optical touch control apparatus  10  according to the present invention basically comprises a light source  12 , a light guide module  14 , and an image sensor module  16 . Where necessary, an input device  20  is provided outside the touch control apparatus  10 . The input device  20  may be any object such as a finger, a pen-shape object, or the like. It does not have to be a dedicated component of the touch control apparatus, nor does it have to be conductive. The light source  12  projects light into the light guide module  14 . The light source  12  may be arranged at any suitable location other than the location shown in the figure, such as on top of the touch surface  141 . The light source  12  may even be omitted if there is enough natural light. However, preferably, an infrared light source  12  is provided for stability of the performance. The light guide module  14  transmits the optical information of the movement of the input device  20  to the image sensor module  16 . A light guide may be made by plastic injection molding technique, ink-jet technique, or imprint technique, as well known by those skilled in this art, the details of which are omitted here. As an example, a prism is a simple form of light guide module  14 . In a more sophisticated form, the light guide module  14  includes a light guide (not shown) which transforms the linear light projected from the light source  12  into planar light, and projects the planar light uniformly to the touch surface  141 . In addition, the light guide module  14  transmits light input through, or reflected from the touch surface  141  to the image sensor module  16 , so that the image sensor module  16  may capture optical information relating to the movement of the input device  20 . Preferably, the front end  21  of the input device  20  may be made of, or covered by a reflective material, so that the optical information captured by the image sensor module  16  is more accurate. The input device  20  needs not lay any pressure on the touch surface  141 , so it does not necessarily have to “touch” the touch surface  141 . Similar to the reason for using the term “touch control apparatus”, the term “touch surface” used in the context of the specification is to imply that it provides a similar function to that of the “touch pad”, “touch panel”, or the like, but does not require any physical contact between the input device  20  and the touch surface  141 . 
         [0017]    The image sensor module  16  transfers the optical information into electronic signals and sends the signals to a processor circuit  30 . Depending on the application of the optical touch control apparatus  10 , the output signals of the processor circuit  30  may be used to provide different functions, such as to control cursor  41  movements on a display screen  40 , when the optical touch control apparatus  10  is used as a touchpad in a notebook computer; or, to initiate an electronic transaction such as fund transfer, when the optical touch control apparatus  10  is used as a touch screen in an automatic teller machine. 
         [0018]    The optical information captured by the image sensor module  16  is two-dimensional; this is sufficient for controlling the movements of the cursor  41 . However, if it is desirous to provide other functions according to the three-dimensional movement of the input device  20 , such as to select an option from a menu displayed on a screen, it can be arranged as follows. Two or more image sensors can be provided in the image sensor module  16 , and the three-dimensional movement of the input device  20  can be obtained from the captured images, the relative distance between two image sensors, and the focal distance of the image sensors. More specifically, as shown in  FIG. 2 , assuming that the distance between the center locations of the two image sensors is T; the focal distance of each of the image sensors is f; the captured image includes an object, and the object&#39;s horizontal position as seen from the left sensor is Xl, while its horizontal position as seen from the right sensor is Xr (Xr is a negative value since it is located at the left side of the right sensor); and the projected distance between the object and each of the sensors is Z; it can thus be obtained that 
         [0000]        x   l   /f=X/Z,  and − x   r   /f =( T−X )/ Z    
         [0000]    Thus, the coordinates of the object can be obtained as: 
         [0000]        X =( T×x   l )/( x   l   −x   r ) 
         [0000]        Y =( T×y   l )/( x   l   −x   r ) (wherein  y   l  is not shown in the figure) 
         [0000]        Z=f×[T /( x   l   −x   r )] 
         [0019]    It should be noted that the above is only one among many possible ways to calculate the three-dimensional information of the input device  20 . The calculation of the three-dimensional information may be done by other ways, as those skilled in this art may conceive under the teaching by the present invention. The key point is that the present invention provides one more dimension, and thus more functions that can be achieved, as compared with the conventional touch control apparatus. 
         [0020]    Referring to  FIG. 3  which is another embodiment according to the present invention, the optical touch control apparatus  10  according to this embodiment comprises, in addition to the light source  12 , the light guide module  14 , and the image sensor module  16 , a lens module  15  and a feedback control circuit  17 . The lens module  15  includes one or more lenses  151 ,  152 , to assist the image sensor module  16  to capture an image more precisely. The feedback control circuit  17  adjusts the illumination of the light source  12 . When the light sensed by the image sensor module  16  is too weak that the captured image is not clear enough, the feedback control circuit  17  automatically adjusts the illumination of the light source  12  according to the condition of the image sensor module  16 . 
         [0021]    In  FIGS. 1 and 3 , the input device  20  is shown to be much smaller than the touch surface  141 , but this is not necessarily so.  FIG. 4  shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the input device  20  (a human finger, for example) covers most or almost all of the surface area of the touch surface  141 . 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional information can be generated by detecting the movement of the surface pattern of the input device  20  (such as the variation of the finger print pattern), for controlling cursor movement, selecting an item from a menu, etc. Because the input device  20  covers most of the surface area of the touch surface  141 , in some cases it is even not required to provide a touch surface  141  at the designated location; that is, the designated location can simply be an opening on the housing  11 . Regardless it is a touch surface  141  or an opening, the designated location is a place for capturing optical information. In one embodiment, the touch surface  141  is provided more for the reason to prevent external dust from falling into the housing  11  than to assist determining the movement of the input device  20 . In another embodiment, the touch surface  141  is a part of a physical contact button for other control functions, and less critical as a device to assist determining the movement of the input device  20 . 
         [0022]    In the embodiment of  FIG. 4 , for further reducing the overall size of the optical touch control apparatus, the light guide module  14  and the lens module  15  are integrated as one module. However, of course, these two modules can be two separate devices, if required. Alternatively, the lens module  15  can be omitted in some cases. 
         [0023]    The optical touch control apparatus of  FIG. 4  can be applied to portable electronic devices such as mobile phone, PDA (personal digital assistant), portable music player, etc.  FIG. 5  shows that the optical touch control apparatus (not completely shown) is provided in a mobile phone, and the touch surface  141  (or the opening) is provided below the display screen and above the keypads. 
         [0024]    The spirit of the present invention has been explained in the foregoing with reference to its preferred embodiments, but it should be noted that the above is only for illustrative purpose, to help those skilled in this art to understand the present invention, not for limiting the scope of the present invention. Within the same spirit, various modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in this art. For example, additional devices may be interposed between any two devices shown in the drawings; the processor circuit  30 , although shown as an external device to the optical touch control apparatus  10 , may be integrated into the optical touch control apparatus  10 ; the input signal of the feedback control circuit  17  may come from the processor circuit  30  instead of the image sensor module  16 , etc. In view of the foregoing, it is intended that the present invention cover all such modifications and variations, which should interpreted to fall within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.