Abstract:
An eavesdropping arrangement for acquiring a measured physiological variable of an individual includes a receiver and a communication interface in a housing separate from the receiver. The communication interface is positioned along a communication link between a first sensor, which is configured to measure aortic blood pressure and to provide a signal representing measured aortic blood pressure, and a central monitoring device configured to monitor the measured aortic blood pressure. The communication interface includes a connection to the communication link that permits the communication interface to eavesdrop on the signal representing measured aortic blood pressure such that information representing measured aortic blood pressure is sent to the receiver while allowing the central monitoring device to receive and use the signal representing measured aortic blood pressure.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/562,364, filed Sep. 18, 2009, the entire contents thereof is incorporated herein by reference. 
     
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0002]    The present invention relates to an eavesdropping device comprising a receiver and an interface for acquiring physiological variables measured in a body. 
       BACKGROUND ART 
       [0003]    Today, there is an increased need for invasive measurements of physiological variables. For example, when investigating cardiovascular diseases, it is strongly desired to obtain local measurements of blood pressure and flow in order to evaluate the condition of the subject under measurement. Therefore, methods and devices have been developed for disposing a miniature sensor inside the body of an individual at a location where the measurements should be performed, and for communicating with the miniature sensor. Typically, the miniature sensor is arranged at a distal end of a guide wire, which is generally known in the art, and used for example in connection with treatment of coronary disease. The distal end of the guide wire is inserted into the body of a patient, for example into an opening into the femoral artery, and placed at a desired location. Once the guide wire is placed by the physician into the appropriate location, the miniature sensor can measure the blood pressure and/or flow. Measurement of blood pressure is a way to diagnose e.g. the significance of a stenosis. Further, a catheter of appropriate type may be guided onto the guide wire. Balloon dilation may then be performed. When measuring distal blood pressure (P d ), the sensor must be inserted into a vessel distal of the stenosis. For evident reasons, the dimensions of the sensor and the guide wire are fairly small; the guide wire typically has a diameter of 0.35 mm. 
         [0004]    When diagnosing the significance of a stenosis in a hospital or a clinic, a catheter in connection with a first sensor is inserted into a patient proximal to a potential stenosis (typically visualized by means of flouroscopy). The sensor is connected to a central monitoring device via electrical leads. The central monitoring device used to monitor the patient&#39;s vital status, including blood pressure measured via the first sensor, is referred to as a cathlab monitor. In case of a stenosis, the vessel is narrower than normal, which impedes the flow of blood at the stenosis. When a narrowing of a vessel is seen on an angiogram, it is recommended that Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) should be measured to determine the extent of the blood pressure difference proximal and distally of the stenosis. 
         [0005]    FFR is approximated as P d /P a . The FFR is a measure of the pressure distal to a stenosis relative to the pressure proximal to the stenosis. Thus, FFR expresses vessel blood flow in the presence of a stenosis compared to the vessel blood flow in the hypothetical absence of the stenosis. Other physiological parameters may further be measured and transferred to the cathlab monitor. Should the FFR measurement show that there is a large drop in pressure in the vessel, treatment of the patient is required, for example by means of opening the vessel up with a balloon or stent, or by surgery for a coronary artery bypass. 
         [0006]    To measure the distal blood pressure, the aortic blood pressure sensor is in prior art disconnected from the patient and the cathlab monitor. Then, a second sensor is used (which was discussed in the above) to measure P d . This second sensor is inserted into the patient distal of the potential stenosis. The second sensor and the first sensor are connected to a small and easy-to-use monitoring device offering additional functionality. Thus, as can be seen in  FIG. 3 , pressure signals are connected to the smaller monitoring device  304  which in turn relays the pressure signals to the cathlab monitor  305 . 
         [0007]    This approach has drawbacks. For instance, connecting the smaller monitoring device to an up-and-running system requires disconnection of connectors carrying pressure signals to the cathlab monitor and reconnection of these connectors to the cathlab monitor via the smaller monitor. Further, in addition to the obviously tedious manual disconnecting operation, the disconnection of pressure signal connectors implies recalibrating the monitors, which is an undesired procedure. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0008]    To this end, there is provided an eavesdropping device for acquiring measured physiological variables of an individual, which eavesdropping device comprises a receiver and a communication interface. 
         [0009]    The eavesdropping device of the present invention is typically applied in a system comprising a first sensor arranged to be disposed in the body of the individual for measuring aortic blood pressure P a , and a second sensor arranged for measuring distal blood pressure P d . Further, the system comprises a central monitoring device for monitoring the measured physiological variables and a communication link between the sensors and the central monitoring device for communicating signals representing the measured physiological variables from the sensors to the central monitoring device. 
         [0010]    The eavesdropping device is configured such that the communication interface is arranged at the communication link to communicate at least the signal representing the aortic blood pressure to the receiver of the eavesdropping device. Moreover, the receiver of the eavesdropping device is connected to the communication link, in parallel with the central monitoring device, and arranged with at least one high-impedance input. The signal representing the aortic blood pressure P a  is communicated to the high-impedance input via the communication interface, and the receiver of the eavesdropping device is further being arranged to receive the signal representing the measured distal blood pressure P d  from the communication link. By means of the blood pressure signals of the respective sensor, FFR can be calculated. 
         [0011]    The present invention is advantageous in that the central monitoring device, being for example a so called cathlab monitor, can be connected directly to the sensors by means of appropriate connecting means. Thereafter, the sensors and the central monitoring device are balanced, i.e. the aortic and distal blood pressure is zeroed respectively such that a correct pressure reference level is introduced in the measurement system. Now, once the balancing has been effected, the eavesdropping receiver, being for example a RadiAnalyzer®, can be connected to the communication link connecting the sensors to the central monitoring device, in parallel with the central monitoring device, via a high-impedance interface formed by the receiver and the communication interface of the eavesdropping device. That is, the eavesdropping receiver is able to “eavesdrop” on the communication link, thus being capable of accessing and monitoring the measured aortic blood pressure without affecting the pressure signal to any noticeable degree. In the prior art, as soon as a second monitoring device is to be connected between the sensors and the central monitoring device, connectors via which the pressure signals are supplied to the central monitor must be disconnected and coupled to the second monitor. Thereafter, the pressure signals are relayed from the second monitor to the central monitor. This prior art procedure requires a further balancing step to be undertaken; first, the sensors and the second monitor are balanced and second, the central monitor and the second monitor are balanced. 
         [0012]    In an embodiment of the present invention, the communication link is arranged to communicate the signal representing measured aortic pressure via a wired connection to the central monitoring device, and via a wireless connection formed by the communication interface to the eavesdropping receiver. The signal representing measured distal blood pressure is communicated to the central monitoring device using either a wired or a wireless channel, and is communicated to the eavesdropping receiver using a wireless channel although a wired connection indeed can be used. As can be understood, various combinations are possible. It can also be envisaged that either, or both, of the measured pressure signals are communicated to the eavesdropping receiver using wired connections. 
         [0013]    The distal pressure signals are preferably transported to the eavesdropping receiver using a wireless channel, while the aortic pressure signals preferably are transported to the eavesdropping receiver on a wireless channel to avoid further cabling, although it is still advantageous with respect to the prior art to transport the aortic pressure signals to the eavesdropping receiver using a wired connection. 
         [0014]    However, in any selected combination the eavesdropping receiver is connected in parallel to the central monitoring device via a high-impedance communication interface of the eavesdropping device. Thus, the central monitoring device is, by appropriately using wired and/or wireless channels, connected and balanced to the two sensors, while the eavesdropping receiver is connected in parallel with the central monitoring device, via the high-impedance interface, without affecting the communicated aortic pressure signals. Hence, with these embodiments, the number of required steps involving calibration and reconnecting of cables are reduced. The connection of the eavesdropping receiver in parallel with the central monitoring device via a high-impedance communication interface clearly solves a number of prior art problems. 
         [0015]    In a further embodiment of the present invention, the communication interface is supplied with power from the central monitoring device. In a further embodiment, the communication interface is arranged with a battery for power supply. In yet another embodiment, the battery can be charged from the central monitor. 
         [0016]    In these embodiments, the (wireless or wired) communication interface can easily be connected by a user to the aortic sensor device and the central monitoring device by means of suitable connectors, without the user having to take into account powering of the communication interface. From a user&#39;s perspective, the supply of power is completely automated. Advantageously, the communication interface is premounted on a sensor cable which a user easily and straight-forwardly connects to the central monitor while initiating a measuring procedure. 
         [0017]    A further advantage to have the eavesdropping receiver wirelessly connected to the communication link in parallel with the central monitoring device is that no cabling is necessary for the eavesdropping receiver. 
         [0018]    The invention also includes various methods having one or more of the steps or actions or features described in this patent specification. 
         [0019]    Further features of, and advantages with, the present invention will become apparent when studying the appended claims and the following description. Those skilled in the art realize that different features of the present invention can be combined to create embodiments other than those described in the following. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0020]    The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference made to the attached drawings, in which: 
           [0021]      FIG. 1  shows a longitudinal section view of an exemplifying sensor guide construction that may be employed in the present invention; 
           [0022]      FIG. 2  shows a prior art sensor device for measuring a physiological variable in a body; 
           [0023]      FIG. 3  illustrates how prior art measurements of FFR are undertaken using the sensor device discussed in connection with  FIGS. 1 and 2 ; 
           [0024]      FIG. 4  shows an embodiment of the eavesdropping device of the present invention; 
           [0025]      FIG. 5  shows a further embodiment of the eavesdropping device of the present invention; 
           [0026]      FIG. 6  shows another embodiment of the eavesdropping device of the present invention; 
           [0027]      FIG. 7  shows still another embodiment of the eavesdropping device of the present invention; 
           [0028]      FIG. 8  shows yet a further embodiment of the eavesdropping device of the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0029]    In the prior art, it is known to mount a sensor on a guide wire and to position the sensor via the guide wire in a blood vessel in a living body to detect a physical parameter, such as pressure or temperature. The sensor includes elements that are directly or indirectly sensitive to the parameter. Numerous patents describing different types of sensors for measuring physiological parameters are assigned to the present assignee. For example, temperature can be measured by observing the resistance of a conductor having temperature sensitive resistance as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,615,067. Another exemplifying sensor may be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,167,763 and 6,615,667, in which blood flow exerts pressure on the sensor which delivers a signal representative of the exerted pressure. These U.S. patents are incorporated herein by reference for all the devices and methods described therein, including devices and methods for measuring a physical parameter. 
         [0030]    In order to power the sensor and to communicate signals representing the measured physiological variable to a control unit acting as an interface device disposed outside the body, one or more cables for transmitting the signals are connected to the sensor, and are routed along the guide wire to be passed out from the vessel to an external control unit via a connector assembly. The control unit may be adapted for performing the functions of the previously mentioned signal conversion device, namely to convert sensors signals into a format accepted by the ANSI/AAMI BP22-1994 standard. In addition, the guide wire is typically provided with a central metal wire (core wire) serving as a support for the sensor. 
         [0031]      FIG. 1  shows an exemplifying sensor mounted on a guide wire, i.e. a sensor guide construction  101 . The sensor guide construction has, in the drawing, been divided into five sections,  102 - 106 , for illustrative purposes. The section  102  is the most distal portion, i.e. that portion which is going to be inserted farthest into the vessel, and section  106  is the most proximal portion, i.e. that portion being situated closest to a not shown control unit. Section  102  comprises a radiopaque coil  108  made of e.g. platinum, provided with an arced tip  107 . In the platinum coil and the tip, there is also attached a stainless, solid metal wire  109 , which in section  102  is formed like a thin conical tip and functions as a security thread for the platinum coil  108 . The successive tapering of the metal wire  109  in section  102  towards the arced tip  107  results in that the front portion of the sensor guide construction becomes successively softer. 
         [0032]    At the transition between the sections  102  and  103 , the lower end of the coil  108  is attached to the wire  109  with glue or alternatively, solder, thereby forming a joint  110 . At the joint  110  a thin outer tube  111  commences which is made of a biocompatible material, e.g. polyimide, and extends downwards all the way to section  106 . The tube  111  has been treated to give the sensor guide construction a smooth outer surface with low friction. The metal wire  109  is heavily expanded in section  103  and is in this expansion provided with a slot  112  in which a sensor element  114  is arranged, e.g. a pressure gauge. The sensor requires electric energy for its operation. The expansion of the metal wire  109  in which the sensor element  114  is attached decreases the stress exerted on the sensor element  114  in sharp vessel bends. 
         [0033]    From the sensor element  114  there is arranged a signal transmitting cable  116 , which typically comprises one or more electric cables. The signal transmitting cable  116  extends from the sensor element  114  to an (not shown) interface device being situated below the section  106  and outside the body. A supply voltage is fed to the sensor via the transmitting cable  116  (or cables). The signals representing the measured physiological variable are also transferred along the transmitting cable  116 . The metal wire  109  is substantially thinner in the beginning of section  104  to obtain good flexibility of the front portion of the sensor guide construction. At the end of section  104  and in the whole of section  105 , the metal wire  109  is thicker in order to make it easier to push the sensor guide construction  101  forward in the vessel. In section  106  the metal wire  109  is as coarse as possible to be easy to handle and is here provided with a slot  120  in which the cable  116  is attached with e.g. glue. 
         [0034]    The use of a guide wire  201 , such as is illustrated in  FIG. 1 , is schematically shown in  FIG. 2 . Guide wire  201  is inserted into the femoral artery of a patient  225 . The position of guide wire  201  and the sensor  214  inside the body is illustrated with dotted lines. Guide wire  201 , and more specifically electrically transmitting cable  211  thereof, is also coupled to a control unit  222  via a wire  226  that is connected to cable  211  using any suitable connector means (not shown), such as a crocodile clip-type connector or any other known connector. The wire  226  is preferably made as short as possible for easiness in handling the guide wire  201 . Preferably, the wire  226  is omitted, such that the control unit  222  is directly attached to the cable  211  via suitable connectors. The control unit  222  provides an electrical voltage to the circuit comprising wire  226 , cable  211  of the guide wire  201  and the sensor  214 . Moreover, the signal representing the measured physiological variable is transferred from the sensor  214  via the cable  211  to the control unit  222 . The method to introduce the guide wire  201  is well known to those skilled in the art. From the control unit  222 , a signal representing distal pressure measured by the sensor  214  is communicated to one or more monitor devices, preferably using the ANSI/AAMI BP22-1994 standard, either by means of wireless communication or via a wired connection. 
         [0035]    The voltage provided to the sensor by the control unit could be an AC or a DC voltage. Generally, in the case of applying an AC voltage, the sensor is typically connected to a circuit that includes a rectifier that transforms the AC voltage to a DC voltage for driving the sensor selected to be sensitive to the physical parameter to be investigated. 
         [0036]      FIG. 3  illustrates how measurements of FFR are undertaken today using the sensor discussed in connection with  FIGS. 1 and 2 . A first sensor  308  (not disposed in the patient) measures aortic blood pressure P a  in known manner. A second sensor  309  is inserted into the patient  301  for measuring distal blood pressure P d . A communication link comprising channel  302  for carrying the distal pressure and channel  303  for carrying the aortic pressure is arranged between the sensors and a second monitoring device  304 , for example a RadiAnalyzer®. It should be noted, as is known in the art, that the RadiAnalyzer® is used to analyze the data received from one or both sensors and therafter display data to the user. The receiving function in the present invention can be coupled to or integrated into such a unit. From the second monitoring device  304 , the respective channel is coupled to a central monitoring device  305  also referred to as a cathlab monitor. On one or both monitors, the two pressure types are used to calculate the FFR as P d /P a . Now, as previously has been discussed, the prior art approach has drawbacks; connecting the second, smaller monitoring device to an up-and-running system requires disconnection of connectors carrying pressure signals to the cathlab monitor and reconnection of these connectors to the cathlab monitor via the smaller monitor. Further, the disconnection of pressure signal connectors implies recalibrating of the monitors, which is an undesired step. First, the second monitoring device  304  must be calibrated with respect to the distal pressure channel  302 . Second, the second monitoring device  304  must be calibrated with respect to the aortic pressure channel  303 . Finally, the second monitoring device  304  and the first monitoring device  305  must be balanced, implying that both pressure channels  302 ,  303  running between the monitors is zeroed. This totals a number of four calibrating/balancing steps. 
         [0037]      FIG. 4  shows an embodiment of the present invention mitigating mentioned problems in the prior art. In  FIG. 4 , distal pressure channel  402  carries the signal measured in patient  401  by internal sensor  409  via a wired connection through control unit  406 . Control unit  406  can perform signal conditioning (to be described below) and send the distal pressure signal to an eavesdropping receiver  404  and central monitor  405 . In another embodiment, signal conditioning can be performed by eavesdropping receiver  404  (in such an embodiment, functions of unit  406  are incorporated into the eavesdropping receiver and thus channel  402  is connected from the patient to the eavesdropping receiver and then from the receiver to monitor  405 ). A suitable control unit is a connector for a sensor guidewire assembly, such as the female connector for PressureWire®, however other control units can also be used. Thus, the signal representing measured distal pressure is transmitted to the eavesdropping receiver  404  and the central monitor  405  using wired distal pressure channel  402 , and the signal representing aortic pressure measured by external sensor  408  in this particular embodiment is transferred to both the receiver  404  and the central monitor  405  using a wired channel  403 . At an appropriate location along the aortic channel  403 , for example at an input of the central monitoring device  405 , a wired communication interface  407  of the inventive eavesdropping device is arranged. The eavesdropping interface  407  transmits the signal representing measured aortic pressure to the eavesdropping receiver  404 . The interface  407  can electrically tap into a conductor in channel  403  via a high-impedance device (such as a resistor). Alternatively, the interface  407  can sense the electrical signal in channel  403  by sensing the magnetic and/or electric field in the vicinity of channel  403  that is created by the electrical signal passing through the conductor in channel  403 . Since the eavesdropping interface  407  is arranged with a high-impedance input, the eavesdropping does not affect the signal carried over the aortic channel  403 . Thus, with the eavesdropping device of the present embodiment, only three calibrating/balancing steps are required, since there is no need to calibrate the eavesdropped signal. Further, if the cathlab monitor is up-and-running, there is no need to make any disconnections in order to couple the eavesdropping monitor (i.e. typically a RadiAnalyzer®) to the central (cathlab) monitor. As can be seen from  FIG. 4 , the eavesdropping receiver  404  is connected to the communication link comprising distal channel  402  and aortic channel  403 , in parallel with the central monitor  405 , which greatly facilitates operation for the medical personnel. 
         [0038]    The wired communication interface  407  is preferably pre-mounted on the standard communication cables for connecting an aortic pressure sensor  408  to a central monitor  405 , such cables and connectors being known in the art, but can also be designed to be easily connectable to such cables, e.g. by providing an assembly comprising suitable connectors and the transmitting unit. In the latter event, the connectors of the aortic channel  403  to the central monitor  405  are disconnected and reconnected via the provided assembly. In such a procedure, reconnection of cables is necessary, however, no new calibration is needed. 
         [0039]      FIG. 5  shows a further embodiment of the present invention mitigating mentioned problems in the prior art. In  FIG. 5 , distal pressure channel  502  carries the signal measured in patient  501  by internal sensor  509  via a wired connection through control unit  506 . Thus, the signal representing measured distal pressure is transmitted to the eavesdropping receiver  504  and the central monitor  505  using wired distal pressure channel  502 , and the signal representing aortic pressure measured by external sensor  508  in this particular embodiment is transferred to the central monitor  505  using a wired channel  503 . At an appropriate location along the aortic channel  503 , for example at an input of the central monitoring device  505 , a wireless communication interface  507  of the inventive eavesdropping device is arranged. The wireless eavesdropping interface  507  transmits the signal representing measured aortic pressure to the eavesdropping receiver  504 , which is capable of wireless communication. Since the eavesdropping interface  507  is arranged with a high-impedance input, the eavesdropping does not affect the signal carried over the aortic channel  503 . Thus, with the eavesdropping device of the present embodiment, only three calibrating/balancing steps are required, since there is no need to calibrate the eavesdropped signal. Further, if the cathlab monitor is up-and-running, there is no need to make any disconnections in order to couple the eavesdropping receiver (i.e. typically a RadiAnalyzer®) to the central (cathlab) monitor. As can be seen from  FIG. 5 , the eavesdropping monitor  504  is connected to the communication link comprising distal channel  502  and aortic channel  503 , in parallel with the central monitor  505 , which greatly facilitates operation for the medical personnel. 
         [0040]      FIG. 6  shows another embodiment of the present invention mitigating mentioned problems in the prior art. In  FIG. 6 , distal pressure channel  602  carrying the signal measured in patient  601  by internal sensor  609  is wireless, which is enabled by means of control unit  606  transmitting in compliance with ANSI/AAMI BP22-1994. A suitable control unit is the control unit for Pressure Wire Aeris®, however other units may be used. Thus, the signal representing measured distal pressure is transmitted to the eavesdropping receiver  604  and the central monitor  605  using wireless distal pressure channel  602 , while the signal representing aortic pressure measured by external sensor  608  in this particular embodiment is transferred to the central monitor  605  using a wired channel  603 . As can be seen in  FIG. 6 , the central monitor is capable of wireless communication, possibly using a dongle attached to a monitor input and being adapted for communication with the control unit  606 . At an appropriate location along the aortic channel  603 , for example at an input of the central monitoring device  605 , a wireless communication interface  607  of the inventive eavesdropping device is arranged. The wireless eavesdropping interface  607  transmits the signal representing measured aortic pressure to the eavesdropping receiver  604 , which is capable of wireless communication. Since the eavesdropping interface  607  is arranged with a high-impedance input, the eavesdropping does not affect the signal carried over the aortic channel  603 . Thus, with the eavesdropping device of the present embodiment, only three calibrating/balancing steps are required, since there is no need to calibrate the eavesdropped signal. Further, if the cathlab monitor is up-and-running, there is no need to make any disconnections in order to couple the eavesdropping receiver (i.e. 
         [0041]    typically a RadiAnalyzer®) to the central (cathlab) monitor. As can be seen from  FIG. 6 , the eavesdropping receiver  604  is connected to the communication link comprising distal channel  602  and aortic channel  603 , in parallel with the central monitor  605 , which greatly facilitates operation for the medical personnel. 
         [0042]      FIG. 7  shows a further embodiment of the present invention mitigating mentioned problems in the prior art. In  FIG. 7 , distal pressure channel  702  carrying the signal measured in patient  701  by internal sensor  709  is wireless, which is enabled by means of control unit  706  transmitting in compliance with ANSI/AAMI BP22-1994. Thus, the signal representing measured distal pressure is transmitted to the eavesdropping receiver  704  and the central monitor  705  using a wireless portion of distal pressure channel  702 , while the signal representing aortic pressure measured by external sensor  708  in this particular embodiment is transferred to the central monitor  705  as well as the eavesdropping receiver  704  using a wired channel  703 . At an appropriate location along the aortic channel  703 , for example at an input of the central monitoring device  705 , a wired communication interface  707  of the inventive eavesdropping device is arranged. The eavesdropping interface  707  transmits the signal representing measured aortic pressure to the eavesdropping receiver  704 . Since the eavesdropping interface  707  is arranged with a high-impedance input, the eavesdropping does not affect the signal carried over the aortic channel  703 . Thus, with the eavesdropping device of the present embodiment, only three calibrating/balancing steps are required, since there is no need to calibrate the eavesdropped signal. Further, if the cathlab monitor is up-and-running, there is no need to make any disconnections in order to couple the eavesdropping receiver to the central monitor. As can be seen from  FIG. 7 , the eavesdropping receiver  704  is connected to the communication link comprising distal channel  702  and aortic channel  703 , in parallel with the central monitor  705 , which greatly facilitates operation for the medical personnel. 
         [0043]    In the embodiments of the present invention shown in  FIGS. 4-7 , the communication interface may be supplied with power from the central monitoring device. Thus, the medical personnel can connect a cable on which the communication interface is arranged to the central monitoring device without having to think about coupling an external power supply to the communication interface. Alternatively, the communication interface is arranged with a battery for supply of power. Further, the communication interface can be arranged with a rechargeable battery, which may be charged by the central monitoring device. 
         [0044]      FIG. 8  shows yet a further embodiment of the present invention mitigating mentioned problems in the prior art. In  FIG. 8 , distal pressure channel  802  carrying the signal measured in patient  801  by internal sensor  809  is wireless, which is enabled by means of control unit  806  transmitting in compliance with ANSI/AAMI BP22-1994. Thus, the signal representing measured distal pressure is transmitted to the eavesdropping receiver  804  and the central monitor  805  using a wireless portion of distal pressure channel  802 . In this particular embodiment, the signal representing aortic pressure measured by external sensor  808  is transferred to the eavesdropping receiver  804  and the central monitor  805  using a wireless portion of channel  803 . At an appropriate location along the aortic channel  803 , a wireless communication interface  807  of the inventive eavesdropping device is arranged. The wireless eavesdropping interface  807  transmits the signal representing measured aortic pressure to the eavesdropping receiver  804  and the central monitoring device  805 , which both are capable of wireless communication. The receiver and the central monitors can each use a dongle attached to a respective input and being adapted for wireless communication with the communication interface  807 . Since the eavesdropping interface  807  is arranged with a high-impedance input, the eavesdropping does not affect the signal carried over the aortic channel  803 . Thus, with the eavesdropping device of the present embodiment, again only three calibrating/balancing steps are required, since there is no need to calibrate the eavesdropped signal. Further, as previously mentioned, if the cathlab monitor is up-and-running, there is no need to make any disconnections in order to couple the eavesdropping receiver to the central monitor. As can be seen from  FIG. 8 , the eavesdropping receiver  804  is connected to the communication link comprising distal channel  802  and aortic channel  803 , in parallel with the central monitor  805 , which greatly facilitates operation for the medical personnel. 
         [0045]    If the sensor inserted into the body of the individual is not compatible with the communication standard used by the cathlab monitor and other equipment used in connection with the FFR measurements made, which currently is the case in practice, the distal pressure signal is converted by a signal conversion unit arranged on the distal pressure channel of the communication link such that the converted signal, i.e. the output of the signal conversion unit, complies with the communication standard used. This has been described in the above, and the standard used for this type of equipment is normally ANSI/AAMI BP22-1994. The signal conversion unit is typically arranged at a guide wire connector. 
         [0046]    Thus, the eavesdropping receiver is typically connected to the signal conversion unit, either by wire or wireless, for receiving the measured signal representing distal pressure. This requires calibration. For the aortic pressure, the eavesdropping receiver is connected to the aortic pressure channel of the communication link via a high-impedance input into the eavesdropping interface, thus making it possible for the receiver to eavesdrop on the aortic pressure channel. The eavesdropping does not require calibration. 
         [0047]    Now, if in the future the sensor inserted into the body of the individual would become compatible with the communication standard used by the cathlab monitor and other equipment used in connection with the FFR measurements made, the distal pressure signal need not be converted by a signal conversion unit. In such a case, the eavesdropping receiver can be connected to both the aortic and distal pressure channel via a respective high-impedance input, either by means of wired or wireless connections. Consequently, it is possible for the receiver of the eavesdropping device to eavesdrop on the aortic and the distal pressure channel. Again, the eavesdropping does not require calibration. With such a configuration, the eavesdropping device of embodiments of the present invention would require only two calibration steps; the calibration of the distal and aortic pressure channels against the central monitoring device. 
         [0048]    Even though the invention has been described with reference to specific exemplifying embodiments thereof, many different alterations, modifications and the like will become apparent for those skilled in the art. The described embodiments are therefore not intended to limit the scope of the invention.