Abstract:
A vehicle power management device includes a high-voltage energy storage unit for storing continuous power and power charged in driving of a vehicle, a DC-DC converter for allowing power stored in the high-voltage energy storage unit to be applied or intercepting the application of the power, and acquiring data on components in the vehicle, to which the power is applied, and a power source for applying, to a load, power charged through the DC-DC converter, and charging a discharged voltage from the high-voltage energy storage unit.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §119(a), this application claims the benefit of earlier filing date and right of priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0051998, filed on Apr. 13, 2015, the contents of which are all hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    The present disclosure relates to a device for power management of a vehicle. 
         [0003]    In general, hybrid vehicles are driven by efficiently combining at least two different power sources. The majority of hybrid vehicles include an engine obtaining power from a fuel and an electric motor driven by power from a battery. 
         [0004]    As demand for loads of electric parts driven using a battery as an energy source in a vehicle increases, energy applied to the electric parts becomes short depending on an amount of power from the battery. 
         [0005]      FIG. 1  is a configuration diagram illustrating internal blocks of a typical hybrid vehicle. 
         [0006]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , the typical hybrid vehicle includes a motor  4 , and an AC power source  2 , an inverter  3 , and a converter  5 , which are used to drive the motor  4 . The typical hybrid vehicle may further include a secondary battery  7  for applying power to electric parts. 
         [0007]    The secondary battery  7  may be configured as a battery having a certain capacity, typically a lead (PbSo 4 ) battery. The secondary battery  7  functions to apply energy to electric parts except parts for engine driving in the vehicle. 
         [0008]    However, in the case of a secondary battery providing an energy source having a certain capacity, as the number of high-load electric parts increases in a vehicle, a voltage drop occurs in the generation of a load exceeding the capacity of the secondary battery, which may have bad influence on the stability of an electric system. In addition, lead batteries frequently used for the existing secondary batteries have a short lifespan, and each of the lead batteries has a large volume occupied in a vehicle. Hence, the lead battery requires periodic maintenance and repair, and may have negative influence on stability of other electric parts and reduction in weight and size of the vehicle. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0009]    Embodiments provide a vehicle power management device for stably supplying driving energy to electric parts in a vehicle. 
         [0010]    Embodiments also provide a vehicle power management device for diversity of energy sources in a vehicle and reduction in size and weight of the vehicle corresponding to the diversity. 
         [0011]    The technical objects to be accomplished by the present disclosure are not limited to the above-mentioned objects and other technical objects that have not been mentioned above will become more evident to those skilled in the art from the following description. 
         [0012]    In one embodiment, a vehicle power management device includes: a high-voltage energy storage unit configured to store continuous power and power charged in driving of a vehicle; a DC-DC converter configured to allow power stored in the high-voltage energy storage unit to be applied or intercept the application of the power, and acquire data on components in the vehicle, to which the power is applied; and a power source configured to apply, to a load, power charged through the DC-DC converter, and charge a discharged voltage from the high-voltage energy storage unit. 
         [0013]    The details of one or more embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0014]      FIG. 1  is a configuration diagram illustrating internal blocks of a typical hybrid vehicle. 
           [0015]      FIG. 2  is a configuration diagram illustrating internal blocks of a vehicle according to an embodiment. 
           [0016]      FIG. 3  is a configuration diagram illustrating a simplified equivalent circuit of the internal blocks of the vehicle shown in  FIG. 2 . 
           [0017]      FIG. 4  is a configuration diagram illustrating internal blocks of a DC-DC converter power unit according to the embodiment. 
           [0018]      FIG. 5  is a flowchart illustrating an energy supply operation of the vehicle according to the embodiment. 
           [0019]      FIG. 6  is a flowchart illustrating a charging operation of a second power source according to the embodiment. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS 
       [0020]    Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The technical objective of embodiments is not limited to the aforementioned technical problem, and technical problems not mentioned above can be clearly understood by a person skilled in the art by the disclosure below. 
         [0021]      FIG. 2  is a configuration diagram illustrating internal blocks of a vehicle according to an embodiment. 
         [0022]    Referring to  FIG. 2 , the vehicle according to the embodiment includes a high-voltage energy storage unit  10 , a DC-DC converter  20 , a second power source  30 , and a load  40 . 
         [0023]    The high-voltage energy storage unit  10  may receive high-voltage and large-capacity electric energy applied from a motor or inverter of the vehicle and store the received electric energy. The high-voltage energy storage unit  10  may be connected to an input of the DC-DC converter  20 . 
         [0024]    The DC-DC converter  20  may receive power supplied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10 , drop the voltage of the power, convert the voltage into a DC voltage, and apply the DC voltage to the second power source  30  and the load  40 . 
         [0025]    The second power source  30  may be charged by the power applied from the DC-DC converter  20 . The second power source  30  may operate as an energy source of the load  40  according to a charging state thereof. 
         [0026]    The load  40  may include various electric parts inside the vehicle. The load  40  may include components for driving the vehicle and providing user information except the motor. The load  40  may simultaneously or independently receive energy from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  and the second power source  30  through the DC-DC converter  20  according to an energy source stored in the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  or a state of the second power source  30 . 
         [0027]    Hereinafter, the components of  FIG. 2  will be described in detail with reference to  FIG. 3 . 
         [0028]      FIG. 3  is a configuration diagram illustrating a simplified equivalent circuit of the internal blocks of the vehicle shown in  FIG. 2 . 
         [0029]    Referring to  FIG. 3 , the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  may include a power source unit  11 , a controller  12 , and a switch unit  13 . 
         [0030]    The power source  11  of the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  may be configured such that at least one power source is connected in series. The power source unit  11  may store power applied under control of the controller  12  and apply the power to the DC-DC converter  20 . 
         [0031]    The controller  12  may sense power applied to the power source unit  11  and control the application of power to the DC-DC converter  20  and the electric parts. The controller  12  may apply power to the DC-DC converter  20  and control a voltage having a threshold value to be applied to the load  40 . The controller  12  may allow power to be applied to the load  40  or intercept the application of the power to the load  40  by controlling the switch unit  13 . The controller  12  may allow power to be applied to the load  40  or intercept the application of the power to the load  40  through control of the switch unit  13  according to an operation state of the load  40 . 
         [0032]    The DC-DC converter  20  may receive a voltage output from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  and output the voltage to the second power source  30 . The DC-DC converter  20  may include a DC-DC converter power unit  21  and a controller  22 . 
         [0033]    The DC-DC converter power unit  21  may receive power applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  and allow the load  40  and the motor to be driven by the applied power. The DC-DC converter power unit  21  may allow power applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  to be applied to the load or intercept the application of the power to the load  40  under control of the controller  22 . That is, the DC-DC converter power unit  21  may output power applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  or intercept the output of the power according to an operation request voltage of the load  40 , sensed by the controller  22 . 
         [0034]    The controller  22  may detect state information of the load  40  with respect to power applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10 . The controller  22  may allow the power to be output to the load  40  or intercept the output of the power to the load  40 . 
         [0035]    The second power source  30  may apply power to the load  40  together with power output from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10 . The second power source  30  may be charged by power output from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10 , and may discharge the charged power to the load  40  according to an operation state of the load  40 . 
         [0036]    The second power source  30  is an ultrahigh-capacity storage battery, and may be, for example, an ultra capacitor or super capacitor. Unlike batteries using chemical reactions, the ultrahigh-capacity storage battery may be charged by movement of ions to an interface between an electrode and an electrolyte or a surface chemical reaction. Accordingly, the ultrahigh-capacity storage battery can be charged at high speed, and has high charging/discharging efficiency and semi-permanent cycle lifespan. Thus, according to the embodiment, the ultrahigh-capacity storage battery used as the secondary battery  30  can be charged by a voltage applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10 . When the load  40  requires more than the power output from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10 , the ultrahigh-capacity storage battery can discharge the power stored in the second power source  30  to the load  40 . 
         [0037]    In the above, the internal blocks of the vehicle including the second power source  30  according to the embodiment have been described. Hereinafter, components and operations of the DC-DC converter power unit  21  of the DC-DC converter  20 , connected to the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  and the second power source  30 , will be described in detail. 
         [0038]      FIG. 4  is a configuration diagram illustrating internal blocks of the DC-DC converter power unit according to the embodiment. 
         [0039]    Referring to  FIG. 4 , the DC-DC converter power unit  21  of the DC-DC converter  20 , which has an input connected to the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  and an output connected to the second power source  30  and the load  40 , may include an SMPS &amp; filter  211 , an input/output sensor  212 , an overvoltage sensor  213 , a temperature sensor  214 , a cell balancer  216 , an ASIC  217 , a communicator  218 , a PWM controller  219 , a gate driver  220 , and a controller  221 . 
         [0040]    The SMPS &amp; filter  211  may include a filter for reducing noise with respect to a voltage applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10 . The SMPS &amp; filter  211  may filter a voltage applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10 , and may be connected to the controller  221 , the sensors, and the like to supply required power to them. 
         [0041]    The input/output sensor  212  may be configured with at least one input/output port. The input/output sensor  212  may perform inputting on various sensing result values in the vehicle and encoding or modulation on the input values. The input/output sensor  212  may output, to the controller  221 , input data and processing result information corresponding to the input data. The input/output sensor  212  may receive information on state operations input from the load  40 , charging/discharging information of the second power source  30 , and the like. The input/output sensor  212  may allow power from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  to be applied to the second power source  30  or intercept the application of the power to the second power source  30  on the basis of the received information. 
         [0042]    The overvoltage sensor  213  may sense whether a voltage applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  and a current corresponding to the voltage exceed reference values, respectively. The overvoltage sensor  213  may sense whether the applied voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold value and output the sensed result value to the controller  221 . The overvoltage sensor  213  may perform a protective operation against overvoltage and overcurrent under control of the controller  221 . 
         [0043]    The temperature sensor  214  may sense a temperature of each of loads and other components in a drive state or a sleep state. When the sensed temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold temperature of each of the components (loads), the temperature sensor  214  may perform an operation for reducing the temperature. That is, the temperature sensor  214  may set a temperature coefficient on the basis of various result values, so as to reduce a resistance value caused by an increase in temperature. The temperature coefficient may be varied depending on a sensed temperature. In addition, the controller  221  may drive a fan according to a result value of the temperature sensor  214 . 
         [0044]    The cell balancer  216  may sense state information such as a voltage or temperature of a cell and perform cell balancing by modularizing the sensed data in the ASIC  217 . That is, the cell balancer  216  may collect and process the sensed data such that the controller  221  senses state information of the cell and acquires information corresponding to the sensed state information of the cell. 
         [0045]    The communicator  218  may acquire energy state information of driving and power units in the vehicle and output the energy state information to an upper controller. The communicator  218  may receive information on control signals and processing data received from upper controllers (devices). Particularly, the communicator  218  may output receive state information of the load  40  and output the state information to the controller  221 . The communicator  218  may allow power applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  to be applied to the load  40  or intercept the application of the power to the load  40 . The communicator  218  may be a module for performing controller area network (CAN) communication. However, the communicator  218  may be configured with various modules for performing data communication with the interior and exterior of the vehicle, in addition to the module for performing the CAN communication. 
         [0046]    The controller  221  may calculate voltage and current values for the DC-DC converter  20  and control the DC-DC converter  20  on the basis of the calculated result values. An output of the controller  221  may be connected to the PWM controller  219  and the gate driver  220  so as to control the DC-DC converter  20 . 
         [0047]    The controller  221  may sense a state of the load  40 . The controller  221  may allow a voltage applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  to be applied to the load  40  or intercept the application of the voltage to the load  40 , based on the state of the load  40 . The controller  221  may control a mode of the DC-DC converter  20  to be changed to a sleep mode or a drive mode. That is, when the DC-DC converter  20  is operated in the sleep mode or the drive mode according to a charging/discharging state of the second power source  30 , the controller  221  may control the second power source  30  to be charged by power applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10 . 
         [0048]    Hereinafter, some operations of the vehicle including the second power source according to the embodiment will be described in detail with reference to  FIGS. 5 and 6 . 
         [0049]      FIG. 5  is a flowchart illustrating an energy supply operation of the vehicle according to the embodiment. 
         [0050]    Referring to  FIG. 5 , the controller  22  of the DC-DC converter  20  may allow power applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  to be applied to the load  40  such that the load  40  can be driven by the power of the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  (S 502 ). 
         [0051]    The controller  22  may determine whether power required by the load  40  has exceeded the power applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  (S 504 ). The controller  22  may sense a state of the load  40  and control the load  40  to be driven by the second power source  30  when power required to drive the load  40  exceeds the power applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  (S 506 ). That is, the controller may control the load  40  to be driven by only the second power source  30 , or may control power obtained by adding the power of the second power source  30  to the power applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  to be applied to the load  40 . 
         [0052]    Also, the controller  22  may monitor a state of the second power source  30 , in addition to application of power to the load  40  and the interception of the application. 
         [0053]      FIG. 6  is a flowchart illustrating a charging operation of the second power source according to the embodiment. 
         [0054]    In a sleep mode in which the starting of the vehicle is off (S 602 ), the controller  22  of the DC-DC converter  20  may continuously monitor a charging/discharging state of the second power source  30 . 
         [0055]    The controller  22  may determine whether the capacity of the second power source  30  has been discharged to a reference power capacity Mv or less (S 604 ). 
         [0056]    When the capacity of the second power source  30  is discharged to the reference power capacity Mv or less, the controller  22  may control an operation state of each of some components to be changed from the sleep mode to a wake-up mode (S 606 ). That is, the controller  22  may output, to an upper controller, a request signal for allowing an operation state of each of the whole or some of the components in the vehicle to be changed from the sleep mode to the wake-up mode. 
         [0057]    The components, each of which operation state is changed from the sleep mode to the wake-up mode, may be the whole of the components in the vehicle, or the high-voltage energy storage unit, the controller, and some components required to perform charging/discharging. 
         [0058]    The controller  22  may control the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  of which operation state is changed from the sleep mode to the wake-up mode to apply power for charging the second power source  30 . That is, in order to charge the discharged second power source  30 , the controller  22  may control power output from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  to be applied to the second power source  30  (S 608 ). 
         [0059]    The controller  22  may determine whether the charging of the second power source  30  has been completed by the high-voltage energy storage unit  10  (S 610 ). The controller  22  may control the operation state of each of the components operated in the wake-up mode is changed to the sleep mode (S 612 ). 
         [0060]    Therefore, the second power source  30  may discharge the charge power in response to a request of the load  40  in the operation state, and may be charged by the power applied from the high-voltage energy storage unit  10 . 
         [0061]    According to the present disclosure, an effective energy source can be supplied to the electric parts in the vehicle, and accordingly, the stability of vehicle driving can be achieved. In addition, the lifespan of the battery in the vehicle can be extended, and the weight of the battery can be reduced. Thus, it is possible to maximize user&#39;s satisfaction and aesthetic effect of the vehicle. 
         [0062]    Although embodiments have been described with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More particularly, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, the drawings and the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, alternative uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.