Abstract:
A distributed generator system is provided having an alignment hub to assist in the alignment and securement of an engine and a generator of the system. The system comprises a distributed generator system having an engine and a single bearing generator, and an alignment hub for defining an alignment position between the engine and the generator and maintaining the alignment within a predetermined tolerance.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]     1. Field of the Invention  
         [0002]     The present invention relates to an alignment hub for a distributed generator system. In particular, the invention comprises an alignment hub for defining an alignment position between an engine and a single bearing generator and maintaining the alignment within a predetermined tolerance.  
         [0003]     2. Background  
         [0004]     Distributed generator systems, or gensets, are electric generating facilities used for a variety of purposes. Gensets are found in industry, home, marine and many other environments where there is a need to generate electricity. Most commonly a genset consists of an engine, typically an internal combustion engine, linked to an electrical generator.  
         [0005]     The basic configuration of a genset comprises an internal combustion engine linked with some type of an adaptor to a generator. The adaptor forms a releasably secure connection that aligns the crankshaft of the engine to the rotor shaft of the generator. Power is transferred from the engine to the generator through this connection. In particular, with internal combustion engines a flywheel, which is an energy storage system in the form of a rotating mass mounted on a crankshaft of the engine, is connected to a flex plate located on the generator that can drive the rotor shaft of the generator. Through this connection, engine power is transferred to the generator for the purpose of generating electricity. Generally, the flex plate and the flywheel are joined together with a plurality of bolts located along the outer circumference of the two pieces. An adaptor plate is secured around the combination to secure and seal the connection between the flex plate and the flywheel.  
         [0006]     Frequently, the engine used in gensets is diesel powered. Diesel engines operate most efficiently at relatively low rpms. For example, diesel engines used in gensets typically operate at 1500 rpms for 50-hertz power or at 1800 rpms for 60-hertz power. This power range works well for diesel engines, and places relatively little demand on the precision of the alignment between the engine and the generator. At such lows rpms, vibration resulting from improper alignment is not critical.  
         [0007]     In some cases gasoline internal combustion engines have been used with gensets, however, the results have been less than successful. The optimum power range of gasoline engines is much higher than diesel engines. For example, gasoline engines normally operate at 3000 rpms for 50-hertz power or at 3600 rpms for 60-hertz power. Relatively high rpm operation creates a problem that is exacerbated by the drive to reduce engine emissions. A variety of devices have been developed to reduce the nitrous oxide (NO x ) emissions. This is generally accomplished by making the engines run very lean. Internal combustion engines produce less power when running lean than when running stoichiometric. To produce more power means running the engines at even higher rpms.  
         [0008]     The need to run at such high rpms places great demand on the alignment between the engine and the generator in a genset. The higher the rpms the more vibration that occurs. Also, due to the fact that gensets normally rely on diesel engines that run at low rpms the demand for precession alignment has been low, and techniques for alignment are poorly evolved. The worse the alignment the greater the vibration. Vibration causes excess wear, fatigues bearings, weaken points of connection, and presents a safety issue. Over time vibration can cause the bolts that connect the flywheel and the flex plate to fail, and the engine and generator can separate while operating. These components are typically large and heavy, and injury to property or person can easily result form such operational failure.  
         [0009]     Generally, alignment is determined by the location holes on the flywheel and the flex plate. Perfect alignment results when the axis of rotation of the engine crankshaft is precisely coincident with the axis of rotation of the generator rotor shaft. In practice, the fact that the boltholes are not precisely machined, the perimeter location of the bolts holes, and play in the boltholes all contribute to poor alignment. The effect of the weight of the genset components also contributes to the alignment problem. The components are quite heavy, especially in larger gensets. This weight settles on the bolts and peens and distorts the boltholes, which quickly distorts the alignment. Furthermore, operational stress causes a similar problem.  
         [0010]     As a result, the use of modem gasoline internal combustion engines, or any type of engine that operates at relatively high rpms, in gensets has been difficult to impossible due to the problems associated with alignment of the engine and the generator. Thus, a need exists for an improved apparatus and method of alignment.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0011]     An object of the present invention is to provide an improved apparatus and method for alignment of an engine and generator of a distribute generator systems.  
         [0012]     These and other objects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reference to the following specification, drawings, and claims.  
         [0013]     The present invention intends to overcome the difficulties encountered heretofore. To that end, a distributed generator system is provided having an alignment hub to assist in the alignment and securement of an engine and a generator of the system. The system comprises a distributed generator system having an engine and a single bearing generator, and an alignment hub for defining an alignment position between the engine and the generator and maintaining the alignment within a predetermined tolerance. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0014]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a distributed generator system comprised of an internal combustion engine and an electrical generator.  
         [0015]      FIG. 2  is a perspective view of a flex plate of the generator.  
         [0016]      FIG. 3  is a perspective view of a flywheel of the engine.  
         [0017]      FIG. 4  is a perspective view of an alignment hub. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0018]     In the Figures, a distributed generator system  10  is shown. The system is comprised of an engine  12 , an electrical single bearing generator  14 , and an adapter  16  located therebetween. The engine  12 , preferably, is an internal combustion engine, and most preferably a gasoline powered engine that operates at relatively high rpms. However, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the invention is not so limited. The present invention can be adapted to any combination of drive components that require precision alignment and joinder.  
         [0019]      FIG. 2  shows an end of the generator  14  that secures to the engine  12  via adapter  16 . A flex plate  18  is connected thereto and forms the operative point of connection between the generator  14  and the engine  12 . The flex plate  18  includes a plurality of circumferentially and perimeterlly located boltholes  20 . A flex plate projection  22  is located about the center of the flex plate  18 , and extends outward from the generator  14  toward the engine  12 . The flex plate projection  22  is centered about the generator rotor shaft (not shown). In some applications, the flex plate projection  22  is bolted to the flex plate  18  as shown in  FIG. 2 . In others, however, the flex plate projection  22  could be machined on, or welded to the flex plate  18 .  
         [0020]      FIG. 3  shows an end of the engine  12  that secures to the generator  14  via adapter  16 . A flywheel  24  is connected thereto and forms the operative point of connection between the engine  12  and the generator  14 . The flywheel  24  includes a plurality of circumferentially and perimeterlly located boltholes  26 , which generally align with the boltholes  20  of the flex plate  18 . An alignment hub  28  is affixed through boltholes  34  to the center of the flywheel  24 . The alignment hub  28  is centered about the crankshaft (not shown) of the engine  12 . The alignment hub  28  bolts to the flywheel  24  in place of the power take off bearing holder (not shown). The alignment hub  28  includes a center projection  32  that extends outward from the engine  12  toward the generator  14 . The center projection  32  is centered about the crankshaft of the engine  12 .  
         [0021]      FIG. 4  shows a more detailed view of the alignment hub  28 .  
         [0022]     In prior art systems the flywheel  24  and flex plate  18  are merely bolted together. Generally, and attempt is made to machine the boltholes  26 ,  20  to align the flywheel  24  and flex plate  18 . In practice, however, this is frequently not the case, and even if it is, this is insufficient to reduce misalignment and the associated vibration to allow for relatively high rpm operation. As stated, the weight of the components and the stress of operation will quickly peen or distort the boltholes making any initial alignment (good or bad) unacceptable.  
         [0023]     The present invention utilizes an alignment hub  28  that is precision machined to a tolerance that will maintain precise alignment between an engine  12  and generator  14 . The center projection  32  of the alignment hub is machined such that the inner diameter of the center projection  32  is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the generator rotor shaft projection  22 , such that the projection  32  fits over the projection  22 . Preferably, the alignment hub  28  fits with +/−0.001 inches into the center of the flywheel  24 , and the alignment hub  28  fits over the generator rotor shaft center projection  22  with a tolerance of +/−0.003 inches and most preferable less than 0.004 inches. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the alignment hub  28  could fit within the generator rotor shaft projection  22  without departing from the scope of the invention.  
         [0024]     In this manner, the alignment hub  28  acts as a guide to align the crankshaft of the engine  12  with the rotor shaft of the generator  14 . The tolerance between the alignment hub  28  and the generator rotor shaft projection  22  is such that alignment will be precise enough to ensure low vibration operation at even relatively high rpms. Furthermore, the overlap between the alignment hub projection  32  and the generator rotor shaft projection  22  will not allow the operational stress or the weight of the components to vary the alignment by any significant degree. The tight tolerance between the alignment hub projection  32  and the generator rotor shaft projection  22  will not allow the flywheel  24  and the flex plate  18  to deviate enough to degrade alignment. Even if the projections  22 ,  32  touch each other this would not degrade performance due to the fact that the flywheel  24  and flex plate  18  move together. This is a very low friction point. Furthermore, lubrication can be used to reduce friction even more.  
         [0025]     The overlap between projections  22 ,  32  will prevent the system  10  from coming out of alignment, will prolong the life of the system  10  by preventing the destructive effects of vibration, and acts as a safety feature as well. In the event that the bolts that secure the flywheel  24  to the flex plate  18  loosen or sheer, the overlap will prevent separation of the engine  12  and the generator for a sufficient period of time to safely shutdown the system  10 . For this reason, the alignment hub  28  is constructed of a very rigid metal material, such as steel.  
         [0026]     The foregoing description and drawings comprise illustrative embodiments of the present inventions. The foregoing embodiments and the methods described herein may vary based on the ability, experience, and preference of those skilled in the art. Merely listing the steps of the method in a certain order does not constitute any limitation on the order of the steps of the method. The foregoing description and drawings merely explain and illustrate the invention, and the invention is not limited thereto, except insofar as the claims are so limited. Those skilled in the art that have the disclosure before them will be able to make modifications and variations therein without departing from the scope of the invention.