Abstract:
Remote usable surveillance apparatuses are provided with at least a single camera head and preferably with the ability to provide adjustment about one or more axis. The present invention also solves several other problems faced by designs with fixed (non-moveable) axis imaging systems. Those include but are not limited to supplying power to a camera head that tilts and rotates, particularly at a remote location. The ability of the user to interface with camera functions and setting using a tilting head, multiple power supplies and options built into a single housing without the addition of power cables or external jacks. The present invention provides a standalone concept without the aid of one or even more mounting apparatuses or devices which in turn sets it apart and creates a totally different multi-axis concept from prior art.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/672,027, filed Jul. 16, 2012 and titled “MULTI-AXIS CAMERA SURVEILLANCE APPARATUS”, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0002]    The present invention relates to novel and unique surveillance apparatuses, systems, and methods of constructing and utilizing same. In particular, the present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for surveillance including the use of one or more cameras having multi-axis adjustability and functionality. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    In the surveillance industry, including but not limited to home and/or business surveillance and animal/game/trail surveillance, conventional fixed (non-moveable) axis, fixed board mounted cameras can detect motion only up to approximately 60 degrees dependant only on the (FOV) field of view from the camera lens, and are not capable of 360 degree horizontal or 90 degree vertical movement whatsoever. 
         [0004]    Surveillance systems have been developed that utilize one or more cameras as imaging devices, which cameras are typically mounted in opportune locations for periodically or continual surveillance. Such systems may take images at regular intervals or may be triggered by movement or other sensors. The cameras are mounted to be pointed to a specific location and may include adjustability in the setting up of the camera to view a desired location. 
         [0005]    In the case of surveillance equipment that is mounted to a building or facility, cameras are typically hard-wired to a system, which wiring includes a power supply. Power can be provided to run the camera and any sensors used to trigger the camera. 
         [0006]    In the case of remote surveillance systems, such as can be set up at remote locations not having a power connect, batteries must provide power to operate the camera and any sensors. The long term supply of power or the supply of greater power than needed for simple camera and sensor operation is a problem and dependent on the quantity of battery power that is available as supplied. Battery power is limited not only in time but also in the degree of power available to operate devices. 
         [0007]    The present invention solves the aforementioned problems and shortcomings of the prior art, and also provides multi-axis apparatuses and systems, which can be used full-time under all types of light conditions, day and night. 
       SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION 
       [0008]    Multiple axis surveillance systems of the present invention can comprise one or more pyroelectric sensors, which receive infrared radiation transmissions created from human and or animal body heat. Such an infrared signal can be configured through a Fresnel lens into the pyroelectric sensors, which in turn can send a signal to activate the camera, and depending on the user settings, to capture either video or still images. 
         [0009]    In one aspect of the present invention, shortcomings and disadvantages of conventional and prior art techniques and systems are overcome by providing unlimited movement and mounting options along with energy-efficient surveillance apparatuses and systems. 
         [0010]    More particularly, a first embodiment of present invention relates to a surveillance apparatus with at least a single camera head and a multi-axis system with the ability to tilt the head vertically, preferably from 0-90 degrees, and if desired rotating horizontally by preferably a full 360 degrees at the time in any direction. The present invention also solves several other problems faced by designs with fixed (non-moveable) axis imaging systems. Those include but are not limited to supplying power to a camera head that tilts and rotates, particularly at a remote location. The ability of the user to interface with camera functions and setting using a tilting head, multiple power supplies and options built into a single housing without the addition of power cables or external jacks. The present invention provides a standalone concept without the aid of one or even more mounting apparatuses or devices which in turn sets it apart and creates a totally different multi-axis concept from prior art. 
         [0011]    The present invention also provides in another aspect, a self-contained surveillance apparatus preferably comprising: a water-tight case; a 90-degree vertical tilt and 360-degree horizontal rotational camera head in said case; a camera controller mounted in said case; an internal and external battery supply mounted in said case; one or more infrared diodes mounted in said case; one or more passive infrared sensors mounted in said case; a day/night exchanger mounted in said case; a secure digital (SD, SDHC) socket mounted in said case; multiply rubber buttons, tact switches and LCD screen interface options mounted in said case. 
         [0012]    The present invention provides a camera controller recording system and apparatus for 24-hour home or business security, surveillance, and to monitor and detect animal movements. 
         [0013]    It is another object of the present invention to provide a home/game/trail/wildlife/camera surveillance system providing and allowing movement of an imaging device to a completely adjustable 0-90-degree vertical tilt and 360-degree horizontal rotation, which also encompasses the camera (FOV) field of view and a passive infrared detection zone. 
         [0014]    Another embodiment of the invention provides a single axis self-contained surveillance system, comprising: one or more pyroelectric sensors, which can receive infrared radiation transmissions created from human and or animal body heat. An infrared signal can be configured through a Fresnel lens into the pyroelectric sensors which in turn can send a signal to activate the camera depending on the user settings to capture either video or still images. 
         [0015]    The present invention, in another aspect, also provides a self-contained surveillance apparatus, preferably comprising: a water-tight case; a single axis 0-90-degree vertical tilting camera head in said case; a camera controller mounted in said case; an internal and external battery supply mounted in said case; one or more infrared diodes mounted in said case; one or more passive infrared sensors mounted in said case; a day/night exchanger mounted in said case; a secure digital (SD, SDHC) socket mounted in said case; multiple rubber buttons, tact switches and LCD user interface screen options mounted in said case. 
         [0016]    The present invention can advantageously provide a digital image recording system and apparatus that is effectively usable for 24-hour home or business security, surveillance, and to monitor and detect animal movements. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, this functionality can be achieved at remote locations without the need for a hard-wired power supply. 
         [0017]    It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a home/game/trail/wildlife camera surveillance system providing at least a single axis adjustable vertical preferably 0-90-degree tilting camera head which also encompasses the camera (FOV) field of view and passive infrared detection zone. 
         [0018]    Yet another embodiment of the invention provides a multiple axis multiple camera head shelf contained surveillance system preferably comprising: one or more pyroelectric sensors, which receive infrared radiation transmissions created from human and or animal body heat. An infrared signal can be configured through a Fresnel lens into the pyroelectric sensors, which in turn sends a signal to activate the camera depending on the user settings to capture either video or still images. 
         [0019]    The present invention, in yet another aspect, provides a self-contained surveillance apparatus preferably comprising: a water-tight case; multiple axis camera heads capable of 0-90-degree tilt and 360-degree rotation in said case; a digital camera controller mounted in said case; and internal and external battery supply mounted in said case; one or more infrared diodes mounted in said case; one or more passive infrared sensors mounted in said case; a day/night exchanger mounted in said case; a secure digital (SD, SDHC) socket mounted in said case; multiple rubber buttons, tact switches and LCD user interface screen options mounted in said case. 
         [0020]    The present invention can advantageously provide a digital image recording system and apparatus that is effectively usable for 24-hour home or business security, surveillance, and to monitor and detect animal movements. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, this functionality can be achieved at remote locations without the need for a hard-wired power supply. 
         [0021]    It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a home/game/trail/wildlife camera surveillance system providing and allowing multiple axis movement to multiple camera heads which also encompasses the camera (FOV) field of view and passive infrared detection zone. 
         [0022]    Other objects, advantages, and features of the present inventions will become apparent to those persons skilled in this particular area of multiple axis technology and to other persons after having been exposed to the present patent application when read in conjunction with the accompanying patent drawings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0023]      FIG. 1  is a front perspective view of a self-contained surveillance apparatus/system in accordance with multiple embodiments of the present invention. 
           [0024]      FIG. 2  is a side elevation view as viewed from the left of the apparatus as depicted in  FIG. 1 . 
           [0025]      FIG. 3  is a front elevation view of the apparatus of  FIG. 1 . 
           [0026]      FIG. 4A  is a rear perspective view of a self-contained surveillance apparatus/system such as that of  FIG. 1  that is also in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention. 
           [0027]      FIG. 4B  is a rear elevation of the apparatus of  FIG. 4A . 
           [0028]      FIG. 4C  is a side elevation view as viewed from the left of the apparatus as depicted in  FIG. 4 . 
           [0029]      FIG. 5  is an exploded side view showing the placement of the internal camera components used in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention. 
           [0030]      FIG. 6A  is a front perspective of a remote self-contained surveillance system apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, which apparatus comprise a combination of features including the provision of plural camera heads. This embodiment has one head that can tilt and rotate combined with another head that includes the ability for tilt. 
           [0031]      FIG. 6B  is a front elevation view of the apparatus of  FIG. 6A . 
           [0032]      FIG. 6C  is a side elevation view as viewed from the left of the  FIG. 6A  apparatus. 
           [0033]      FIGS. 7A ,  7 B,  7 C are a continuation of further detailed views and positioning variations of a self-contained surveillance apparatus/system in accordance with  FIG. 6A . 
           [0034]      FIG. 8A  is a front perspective view of another embodiment of a remote self-contained surveillance apparatus/system in accordance with the present invention. 
           [0035]      FIG. 8B  is a top plan view of the apparatus of  FIG. 8A . 
           [0036]      FIG. 8C  is a front elevation view of the apparatus of  FIG. 8A . 
           [0037]      FIG. 8D  is a side elevation view as viewed from the right side of the apparatus as depicted in  FIG. 8A . 
           [0038]      FIGS. 8E ,  8 F,  8 G are a continuation of further detailed views of the apparatus of  FIG. 8A  illustrating features of a camera and battery compartment housing in accordance with the present invention and as shown without a camera head. 
           [0039]      FIG. 9A  is a rear perspective view of a self-contained surveillance apparatus/system also in accordance with  FIG. 8A  of the present invention. 
           [0040]      FIG. 9B  is a top plan view of the apparatus of  FIG. 9A . 
           [0041]      FIG. 9C  is a side elevation view as viewed from the left side of the apparatus as depicted in  FIG. 8A . 
           [0042]      FIG. 10A  is a rear perspective view of a self-contained surveillance apparatus/system also in accordance with  FIG. 8A  of the present invention. 
           [0043]      FIG. 10B  is a side elevation view as viewed from the right side of the apparatus as depicted in  FIG. 8A . 
           [0044]      FIG. 11A  is a rear perspective view of components of a self-contained surveillance apparatus/system in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention using external batteries. 
           [0045]      FIG. 11B  is a side elevation view as viewed from the left of the apparatus as depicted in  FIG. 11A . 
           [0046]      FIG. 11C  is a front elevation view of the apparatus of  FIG. 11A . 
           [0047]      FIG. 12A  is a rear perspective view of a component of the apparatus in accordance with the embodiment of  FIG. 9A  of the present invention, like  FIG. 11A , but without external batteries. 
           [0048]      FIG. 12B  is a side elevation view as viewed from the left of the apparatus as depicted in  FIG. 12A . 
           [0049]      FIG. 12C  is a front elevation view of the apparatus of  FIG. 12A . 
           [0050]      FIG. 13A  is a top plan view of a self-contained surveillance apparatus, such as similar to that depicted in  FIG. 8A . 
           [0051]      FIG. 13B  is a front elevation view of the apparatus of  FIG. 13A . 
           [0052]      FIG. 14A  is a rear perspective view of a self-contained surveillance apparatus/system  160  in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0053]      FIG. 14B  is a front elevation view of the apparatus of  FIG. 14A . 
           [0054]      FIG. 14C  is a side elevation view as viewed from the right of the apparatus as depicted in  FIG. 14A  apparatus. 
           [0055]      FIG. 15A  is a side elevation view as viewed from the left of the apparatus as depicted in  FIG. 14A  apparatus. 
           [0056]      FIG. 15B  is a side elevation view exploded as viewed from the left of the apparatus as depicted in  FIG. 14A  apparatus. 
           [0057]      FIG. 15C  is a side elevation view exploded as viewed from the left of the apparatus as depicted in  FIG. 14A  apparatus. 
           [0058]      FIG. 16A  is a front perspective elevation view of components of the apparatus as depicted in  FIG. 14A  apparatus. 
           [0059]      FIG. 16B  is a front elevation view of the device as depicted in  FIG. 16A . 
           [0060]      FIG. 16C  is top plan view of the device as depicted in  FIG. 16A . 
           [0061]      FIG. 17A  is front perspective elevation view of a device component of the apparatus as depicted in  FIG. 14A . 
           [0062]      FIG. 17B  is a side elevation view of the device as depicted in  FIG. 17A . 
           [0063]      FIG. 17C  is bottom plan view of the device as depicted in  FIG. 17A . 
           [0064]      FIG. 18A  is rear perspective elevation view of a camera head usable in camera apparatuses of the present invention including those as shown in apparatus embodiments of  FIGS. 6A ,  8 A,  14 A. 
           [0065]      FIG. 18B  is a rear elevation view of the apparatus of  FIG. 18A . 
           [0066]      FIG. 18C  is a side elevation view of the apparatus of  FIG. 18A . 
           [0067]      FIG. 18D  is bottom plan view of the apparatus of  FIG. 18A . 
           [0068]      FIG. 19  is right side view of components of the apparatuses as depicted in  FIGS. 6A ,  14 A, apparatus showing various positional movements. 
           [0069]      FIG. 20  is top view of an apparatus of the present invention, such as is depicted in  FIGS. 6A ,  14 A showing a full ability for rotational positioning of a camera head in accordance with an aspect of the present invention. 
           [0070]      FIG. 21A  is front perspective elevation view of an external battery pack power supply in accordance with another aspect of the apparatus as depicted in  FIG. 8A . 
           [0071]      FIG. 21B  is back view of the device of  FIG. 21A . 
           [0072]      FIG. 21C  is a side elevation view as viewed from the right side of the device of  FIG. 21A . 
           [0073]      FIG. 21D  is top view thereof. 
           [0074]      FIGS. 22A , B, C, D represents different views of a power supply wire harness path such as is depicted in both  FIGS. 8A ,  6 A. 
           [0075]      FIGS. 23  A, B, represent different additional views of a power supply wire harness path such as is depicted in both  FIG. 6A ,  14 A. 
           [0076]      FIG. 24  represents a schematic block diagram of camera components that can be utilized within apparatuses and systems of the present invention. 
           [0077]      FIGS. 25A , B, C, D, E are various views of an apparatus of  FIGS. 8A , B, C, D without an external battery provided and that is positioned on a quick mount bracket as in accordance with another aspect of the present invention. 
           [0078]      FIGS. 26A , B, C, D, E are various views of an apparatus of  FIGS. 8A , B, C, D apparatus that is provided but with an external battery and that is positioned on a quick mount bracket as in accordance with another aspect of the present invention. 
           [0079]      FIG. 27A  is front perspective view of a quick mount detachable multi-surface mounting bracket apparatus/system in accordance another aspect of the present invention. 
           [0080]      FIG. 27B  is a side elevation view as viewed from the right side of the device of  FIG. 27A . 
           [0081]      FIG. 27C  is a front elevation view of the device of  FIG. 27A . 
           [0082]      FIG. 27D  is top view of the device of  FIG. 27A . 
           [0083]      FIG. 28A  is a perspective view of yet another embodiment of a remote self-contained surveillance apparatus in accordance with the present invention, wherein multiple cameras are provided within a camera head, as such camera head can be accommodated by a common mounting device and apparatus. 
           [0084]      FIG. 28B  is a side elevational view of the apparatus of  FIG. 28A . 
           [0085]      FIG. 28C  is a front elevational view of the apparatus of  FIG. 28A . 
           [0086]      FIG. 29  is a perspective view similar to  FIG. 28A , but showing the multiple camera apparatus with a control panel door in a closed position. 
           [0087]      FIG. 30  is a perspective view similar to  FIG. 28A , but showing the multiple camera apparatus with the control panel door in a closed position and with an external battery pack removed. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0088]    The present invention provides digital image recording and surveillance apparatuses, systems and methods for 24-hour home or business security, surveillance, and/or to monitor and detect animal movement at remote locations. 
         [0089]      FIG. 6A  illustrates a self-contained surveillance system/apparatus  120  in accordance with a one embodiment of the present invention that provides multiple camera heads for multiple axis adjustability, preferably including at least a camera head with 0-90 degree vertical and another camera head with 360 degree rotational movement, which apparatus  120  may readily be mounted on an external structure, for example, on a tree or building. 
         [0090]      FIG. 8A  illustrates a self-contained surveillance system/apparatus  140  in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention that provides a single axis and camera head with 0-90 degree vertical movement, which apparatus  140  may readily be mounted on an external structure, for example, on a tree or building. 
         [0091]      FIG. 14A  illustrates a self-contained surveillance system/apparatus  160  in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention that provides a camera head with multiple axis movement and adjustability, preferably with the camera head having 0-90 degree vertical movement and 360 degree horizontal rotational movement, which apparatus  160  may readily be mounted on an external structure, for example, on a tree or building. 
         [0092]    The above-noted embodiments and others in accordance with the present invention may employ the same camera head and many similar components, which will become apparent from the detailed description below, especially with regard to composite block diagram of  FIG. 24 , and the exploded detail view of a camera head as shown in  FIG. 5 . 
         [0093]    It is perhaps easier to understand the features and the various aspects of the invention by first considering  FIGS. 6A ,  6 B,  6 C,  FIGS. 8A ,  8 B,  8 C,  8 D, and  FIGS. 15A ,  15 B, and  15 C. 
         [0094]    Below is an explanation of Block Diagram  FIG. 24 , which illustrates the functional relationship of various camera components and how they work and interact with each other. 
         [0095]    Objects to be photographed must first walk into or pass through a motion detection zone, which can be generated by any type of motion detector, which preferably can comprise a Perkin Elmer Lhi-968 (PIR) passive infrared sensor ( 44 ). Body heat and radiation can be focused via a Fresnel lens, for example, into such an infrared sensor  44 , such as preferably comprising a dual element (PIR) passive infrared detector. Depending on the outside ambient temperature the heat either increases or decreases on the PIR dual element surfaces, an object can be detected. The temperature variation can be sensed at the sensor  44 , which in turn sends an analog signal to a microcontroller  46 , that is preferably a Microchip PIC16F526 microcontroller where the signal is then converted to a digital signal that a camera controller  30  can then relay to another signal preferably to a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor to activate and capture the image of a live moving object. 
         [0096]    As the camera system sits in a virtual sleep mode, signals are preferably provided on a regular basis from preferably a TAOS TSL 2560 Light to Digital convertor ( 34 ), or the like, which signals are constantly monitored and updated by the camera controller  30 . Those digital signals can then be sent to an image sensor  42 , which keeps the sensor current with real time ambient light conditions. After information is received, such as preferably by an Aptina MT9P031 5 mp Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor/processor, as the image sensor  42 , the image sensor/processor is able to take clear crisp images. For example on a bright sunny day, a TSL 2560 type ambient light sensor  34  can send a signal to a day/night exchange component  43  in order to place a preferably Sunex day/night exchange  43  in a proper position so as to update the image sensor  42  with the current light conditions. The same is true if it is low light or night time condition where the ambient light sensor  34  can send a signal to switch the day/night exchanger  43  and also to preferably activate at least infrared source, such as preferably a Vishay TSAL 6100 940 nm infrared emitting diodes ( 33 ) as can be provided on an infrared panel of any apparatus  120 ,  140 , or  160 . This results in images that are correctly depicted for night or day in a real time environment in color and clarity. A camera lens can be provided that may preferably comprise a Sunex DSL 934 F2.8 aperture, 52 degree viewing angle high-resolution multiple element glass lens. Preferably, but not necessarily, optional lens assemblies may be threaded into a Sunex M12-EXM-IRC21 miniature day/night exchanger  43  that covers a preferably Aptina MT9P031 5 mp 1/2.5 color image sensor ( 42 ) that interacts with the Sunex day/night exchanger ( 43 ) which permits the taking of true day/night photographs. 
         [0097]    Preferably, the image is sent through an Aptina 5 mp 1/2.5 color low-light image sensor  42 . 
         [0098]    Preferably, but not necessarily, the images and video are processed by a SPCA 5310A Digital Still Camera Controller for high-end digital still cameras. ( 30 ). These images can then be sent and stored to a preferably secure digital (SDHC) card ( 35 ) where they can be viewed and edited when desired and as conventionally known. 
         [0099]    An LCD viewing screen can preferably comprise a Giant-Plus 2.5 diagonal 320 RGB×240 H color LCD screen ( 36 ) which an be used to view photos, video and digitally zoom, it can also be used to set date and time, camera setting and delete both still images and videos. A user interface ( 39 ) could be preferably limited to a series of rubber push buttons or tactile switches ( 38 ). By simply touching selected buttons within the user interface  39 , signals can be sent that control the camera functions and settings. These settings are either stored or delivered from preferably a second microcontroller  41 , preferably comprising a Microchip PIC 18F2450 Microcontroller ( 41 ). 
         [0100]    Some embodiments of the present invention comprise both a an internal power supply  32  and an external power supply  31 . Preferably, a 10-AA internal source ( 32 ) can be utilized along with an 18650 Lith-ion external ( 31 ) dual power supply. Other apparatus of the present invention may only include an internal power supply  32 , such as a single 10-AA power source that supplies power to the camera head and other components. All embodiments regardless of the power supply are regulated preferably by a battery voltage monitor ( 40 ), which can constantly send an analog signal to the microcontroller  46  where the signal is then converted to digital. 
         [0101]    A real time clock  45  is preferably provided, which can comprise a crystal (RTC) clock ( 45 ) that is used to keep accurate and current date and time. The current date and time is desirable so that each image or video can be recorded to have preferably a date and time stamp along with other information, such as moon phase. In order to maintain a constant supply of power to the RTC  45 , even when one or both power supplies are removed from the camera, it is further preferable to include a small lithium coin-type battery that can be used for up to five years before it will need to be changed. 
         [0102]    Preferably, but not necessarily, a red walk test LED ( 37 ) is provided as well that can be used as a test light for helping a user determine if the camera is pointed in a desirable direction. For example, as a user or object passes in front of the camera, a walk test LED  37  can be set to flash red as soon as motion is detected from the passive infrared sensor  44 . This activation will usually first occur on the outermost limits of the PIR detection zone. Thus, by knowing where those limits are, a user can adjust the camera accordingly in the direction desired for either security purposes or animal movement. 
         [0103]    With reference to  FIGS. 6A ,  8 A, and  14 A there are shown a variety of self-contained surveillance apparatus/systems  120 ,  140 ,  160 . These embodiments are illustrated as complete and ready for mounting, for example, on a tree, post or building. Preferably, but not necessarily, all embodiments may or may not be camouflaged. 
         [0104]      FIGS. 1 ,  2 ,  3  and  4 A-C illustrate an example of a camera head that can be common to the apparatuses  120 ,  140 ,  160  as the camera head preferably includes a water-tight case  7  with a hinge portion  20  and a gasket  21 . The hinge portion  20  is utilized as described below for adjustability of the camera head. Preferably, most of the functional imaging and sensing components described above with reference to  FIGS. 1A ,  4 A are enclosed within the ease  7 . 
         [0105]      FIG. 5  is an exploded view of a camera head  100  that can be common to apparatuses  120 ,  140 ,  160 . The camera head  100 , as illustrated in  FIG. 5 , can be preferably interchangeable with any embodiment of the present invention.  FIGS. 6A ,  8 A and  14 A represent different combinations and possibilities of the previous mentioned embodiments. 
         [0106]    Preferably, but not necessarily a camera mount and security cable hole  1  is provided to the case  7  that can be used to help prevent theft at the same time secure the camera to a tree, building or similar structure. A spring loaded tension adjusting screw ( 2 ) can be provided as part of a adjustment lock mechanism and can be used to apply a force to a lock element  3 . The tension screw  2  preferably is fully adjustable to where the user can apply slight pressure allowing the camera head  100  to pivot about an axis  4  and to move about the axis  4  preferably to a range up or down, more preferably with a 90 degree vertical axis range of motion. The camera head  100  can also be preferably set at a desired rotational angle, whereas the tension screw  2  can be tightened to move the gear lock element  3  into a lock position. The gear lock element  3  may provided an effective locking device by way of frictional engagement with another element or, for example, to sit in a detent or opening of another element, whereby set positions are defined. Preferably, it is desirable to be able to lock the camera head  100  in place where it cannot be moved unless the tension screw  2  is relieved. 
         [0107]    The camera head  100  preferably houses the imaging components in a water-tight manner. Components within the case  7  of the camera head  100  preferably comprise a multi detection zone Fresnel Lens ( 5 ) that is more-preferably designed to cover at least a 70 degree (FOV) field of view. The Fresnel lens  5  also can focus radiation as picked up from living objects into the PIR passive infrared sensor ( 15 ), and more particularly the sensors heat sensitive dual elements. An infrared panel ( 6 ) is preferably configured so as to emit radiation at a certain wave length of infrared LEDs. As examples, either a Vishay TSAL-6100 940 nm LED or a Vishay TSHG-8200 850 nm LED can be used depending on the application. The LED array or infrared panel  6  is provided to emit IR radiation as controlled by the camera controller  30 , such as during night time for object imaging. Preferably also and due to the small size of the camera head design, multiple printed circuit boards ( 9 ), ( 17 ) are preferably provided and arranged as shown, which circuit boards can be mounted together using four nylon stand offs ( 8 ) that also define the proper spacing. 
         [0108]    To insure a consistent transition from color day images to black and white night images a filter exchanger ( 10 ) is placed over the camera lens ( 11 ). In order to focus the camera lens within a fixed focal length system the lens is moved either in or out as controlled by a camera lens mount ( 12 ), as known, until optimum focus is achieved. A back focal length between the lens  11  and the image sensor ( 14 ) should remain consistent as long as neither of those components change. 
         [0109]    Preferably still images and videos are stored to a secure digital high capacity (SDHC) card which slides directly into a secure digital (SD) socket ( 16 ) Preferably because of certain space restraints, the socket  16  is mounted vertically to the printed circuit board  17 . In accordance with the illustrated embodiment, there are several ways for the user to interact with the camera features and options those are a preferably rubber control buttons or tactile switches  13 , and a color viewing screen or a 16×2 message board  18 . 
         [0110]      FIGS. 8E ,  8 F,  8 G represent other embodiments of the present invention including systems/apparatuses  120 ,  140  that utilize a mounting device  150 , that can be preferably designed for mounting a camera head  100  to a tree, for example. For mounting, as shown in  FIG. 8G  in particular, tree bark engagement elements  28  can be provided at upper and lower locations to help keep the mount  150  from sliding relative to tree bark (another example of bark engagement elements are shown in  FIG. 14A ). A cable locking structure ( 27 ) defining an aperture is preferably provided to extend from the mount  150 . A pair of elements can define a slot within which a corresponding locking structure  152  of the camera head can be positioned for locking in one position. Mounting straps slots ( 25 ) are also preferably provided for securing the apparatuses  120 ,  140  securely to an external object, such as tree, post or building. 
         [0111]    Preferably in order to secure or change a camera heads adjustment position about axis  4 , an adjust feature ( 31 ) is provided, which as illustrated can include several detents ( 30 ) preferably providing for any number of set locking positions about the axis  4  from a 0-90 degree movement. In use, the axis  4  would be generally parallel to the ground and the camera would be movable vertically for adjustment, preferably by a full 90 degrees of rotational movement. Greater than 90 degrees of movement is contemplated, or less depending on the application. Each of the components of the mount  150  can be made separately or integrally, preferably along with a housing  22  that provides a cavity for receiving a 10-AA battery device. 
         [0112]    In order to permit rotational movement and adjustment, the mounting device comprises a tab  153  with an aperture  154  as shown in  FIG. 8G . The tab  153  is designed to fit within the hinge portion  20  of the camera head  100 . Preferably, the tab  153  and the hinge portion  20  are made to be complimentary to one another and to permit rotational movement relative to one another. For example, the tab  153  can be formed with hub portions that snap fit within similar slots of the hinge portion to define rotational motion. Or, a pivot pin (not shown) may be used as passed through apertures of both components to facilitate such movement. As the detents  30  are arranged radially with respect to the aperture  154 , the tension screw  2  and lock element  3  can be manipulated to lock the camera head  100  in any of the detent defined positions. As above, it is contemplated that a friction lock can instead be utilized for locking at any location within a desired range of movement. It is noted that the complimentary design of the hinge portion  20  and the tab  153  can also be designed to provide rotational limits for defining such a range of motion. As shown, the camera head  100  can be fully rotated upward to a position substantially against the mounting device  150 . Preferably at this position, the aperture  27  of the mounting device  150  would be aligned with an aperture  160  of the camera head as preferably also provided on the element  152  of the camera head  100 . A 90 degree rotation would allow the camera&#39;s field of view to be pointed from an up position that looks substantially horizontally to a down position that views straight to the ground. 
         [0113]    System/apparatuses  120 ,  140  preferably will mount to both vertical and horizontal structures such as trees, tree branches or flat buildings. Preferably, but not necessarily, the apparatus  120 ,  140  may be camouflaged. 
         [0114]    Preferably a removable battery lid can be provided that will slide into a slot ( 29 ) from either side. As shown in  FIGS. 11A-C  and  12 A-C, battery lids  38  and  40  can include pins  163  and  164  respectively that can slide within the slot  29  so that the battery lids are rotatable relative to the mounting device  150 . Preferably also, cam action slots ( 26 ) are provided to the mounting device  150  that can be used to pin and secure battery cap latches  165 , see  FIGS. 10  A and B, that can provide a downward force for holding a batter lid  38  or  40  in place by rotation of the latches  165 . 
         [0115]    Preferably there is an alignment feature ( 23 ) which is located directly in the center and lower end on the back side of the 10-AA battery housing and is used to align an external Lith-ion battery pack onto a Lith-ion cap housing, as will be described below. 
         [0116]      FIGS. 9A ,  9 B,  9 C, are a representation of system/apparatus  140  where an external Lith-ion battery pack is not used. A battery cap  40  can be used when the external Lith-ion supply is not. Preferably the locking latches  165  will work to be usable with either battery cap  38  or  40 . The mounting device  150  serves as both a support for the camera head and also provides a water proof compartment for the internal batteries. 
         [0117]    Preferably system/apparatus  140  has the option to use both power supplies.  FIG. 10A  is not just limited to an external 18650 Lith-ion pack ( 37 ) mounted to the back side of the 10-AA battery housing. There are multiple advantages to this external Lith-ion power supply. 
         [0118]    They are, but not limited to, up to 3 times the battery life as comparable to AA alkaline internal power supplies, unlike alkaline batteries Lith-ion is not affected by the ever changing weather conditions. In fact, alkaline batteries will lose significant capacity in cold climates where Lithium batteries are not affected. Whereas other previous external power supplies need to be connected by a power cable and if used for security is a lot more noticeable and harder to hide. Whereas other power cord supplied external battery systems used to monitor wildlife are always at risk the cord may be chewed off or frayed from mice or squirrels. Whereas the battery mounting options and other ways to secure and protect the battery and cable are very limited. Preferably there is a special battery cap  38  that can be included with an external Lith-ion pack ( 36 ) that can be provided separately. 
         [0119]      FIGS. 21A ,  21 B,  21 C,  21 D represent a Lith-ion battery housing  88 , preferably which includes two springs ( 89 ) that apply constant downward pressure to a spring loaded slide locking feature ( 90 ) that preferably locks into the back of the AA battery housing. There is also an alignment slot ( 91 ) that not only aligns the battery pack during installation to the mounting device  150  utilizing the alignment element  23  ( FIG. 9C ) but also prevents any side movement when the complete system is installed to a tree, post or building. Preferably four bark bitters ( 92 ) which are part of the battery housing help anchor the complete camera system to a tree or similar structure. Preferably the Lith-ion batteries are not limited to any specific size or quantity, in this case four 18650 Lith-ion batteries ( 93 ) make up the pack. These batteries can be removed and charged separately or they can be charged together with in the battery housing as one unit with a charger that is part of the Lith-ion battery combo package. 
         [0120]    There are preferably two different removable battery caps that can be used with system/apparatus  140  depending on the needs of the consumer and the desired battery life, climate and conditions the system is being used in. Battery cap  38  is shown in  FIGS. 11A ,  11 B,  11 C and represent both Lith-ion, and AA-battery options. There are several battery options and combinations that can be used with this cap designs. For example preferably both combinations can be used at the same time with the camera electronics recognizing the Lith-ion pack as the primary source and the 10-AA as the secondary power source. Referencing the information from the battery monitor  40 , as described above, the microcontroller  46  can automatically switch over preferably to the 10-AA supply when the Lith-ion pack is depleted. The system can also be run preferably on the 10-AA supply with no Lith-ion pack present. It can also operate with just the Lith-ion pack with no 10-AA power source. The battery caps  38  or  40  are preferably hinged as described above which allows the cap to rotated 90 degrees backwards towards the camera head  100 . It can then be aligned with the slot  28  and will slide either right or left for removal. The second cap  40  is shown in  FIGS. 12A ,  12 B,  12 C and preferably will only work with the 10-AA power supply. This cap  40  is designed for system/apparatus  140 , for example. The cap removal and hinge are the same as described above.  FIG. 13A  shows the placement of both 10-AA and Lith-ion batteries ( 42 ,  41 ). 
         [0121]    The embodiment of the present invention system/apparatus  160  is shown in  FIGS. 14A ,  14 B,  14 C. Some of these components and features are also shared with system/apparatus  120  and those will become obvious with the explanation and stated drawings below. 
         [0122]    Even though this embodiment has several components that are similar to system/apparatus  140  previously described it is uniquely different. Both system/apparatus  120 ,  160  share a same multi-axis system capable of a full 360 degree horizontal rotation and tilting 0-90 degrees vertically whereas prior art of a somewhat similar inventions have no axis movement and are totally dependent on a second or even third apparatus to accomplish said movement. System/apparatus  160  will also mount to both vertical and horizontal structures such as trees, horizontal tree branches or buildings. Preferably, but not necessarily, the apparatus  160  may be camouflaged. 
         [0123]    It will become obvious to those familiar with prior art this system has virtually no mounting limitations. Unlike system/apparatus  140  both system/apparatus  120 ,  160  as shown do not have the capability of using an external Lith-ion power supply and rely upon 10-AA batteries to power the system. It is contemplate, however, that these systems  120  and  160  could as well utilize an external power source as well as similarly combined as described above for the system  140 .  FIGS. 15A ,  15 B,  15 C also represent camera components similar to system/apparatus  120 ,  140  those are preferably a security cable lock mounting hole ( 44 ), camera head housing ( 43 ), locking example ( 45 ) preferably between the detents ( 49 ) and the threaded spring loaded ( 47 ) tension adjuster which applies pressure to the lock ( 48 ). Internal components include preferably limited to an infrared panel ( 50 ), a printed circuit boards ( 51 ), printed circuit board standoffs ( 52 ), day/night filter exchanger ( 53 ), camera lens ( 54 ), lens holder ( 55 ), image sensor ( 56 ), (PIR) passive infrared motion detector ( 57 ), (SD) secure digital socket ( 58 ), hinged back cover for the camera head ( 59 ), rubber interface buttons and LCD screen ( 60 ), mounting screws ( 61 ) to secure the hinged back cover and bottom pivot support cover ( 63 ) to the camera head housing, water proof rubber cover ( 64 ) which allows access to the wire harness, detents ( 65 ), a camera pivot head extrusion ( 66 ), camera head front glass ( 67 ), thread spring tension adjusting screw ( 68 ), tension spring ( 69 ) for 360 degree ratchet assembly, a battery cover pivot and removable slot ( 71 ), a battery compartment and mounting housing ( 70 ). 
         [0124]    Preferably a 360 degree rotational cap design  73  is also shared between system/apparatus  120 ,  160  as they are shown in  FIGS. 16 and 17  A, B, C for permitting rotational movement and thus adjustment of a camera head  100  about a vertical axis for horizontal positioning. The battery cap  73  and camera head can be secured to the battery compartment with preferably a latch that when engaged with the cap can nest in detents ( 72 ). Located within a collar extending from the cap are a series of preferably twelve round detents ( 74 ) that can be equally spaced on center so as to form a bottom of a step adjustment assembly. Located on the camera support arm ( 77 ) are a series of a similar number as there are round detents  74  of half round ball protrusions  75  that are also preferably equally spaced on center so as to form a top half of the 360 degree rotational step adjustment assembly. A threaded boss  80  can then be inserted into battery cap housing ( 78 ) where said tension spring  69  is inserted and held in place with said threaded adjusting screw  68 . Preferably the 360 rotational step adjustment assembly can then be adjusted by simply tightening or loosening the tension screw  68  which applies pressure to said tension spring  69 . The threaded boss is allowed to slide freely up and down as the said half round ball protrusions move from one detent to another following preferably a circular pattern as the assembly rotates. Instead of grabbing the camera head and twisting to achieve the desired rotation a pair of adjusting wings ( 76 ) can be provided as may be added to the camera support arm. The AA-battery contacts provided as described below and are used to supply power the camera head. 
         [0125]    Several other camera parts from system/apparatus  160  are shared by both system/apparatuses  120 ,  140 , those are depicted in  FIGS. 18A ,  18 B,  18 C. A locking mechanism preferably is designed into said back cover  82  so as to permit the back cover to be opened and closed. When the cover is opened, access is preferably provided to a control panel below the cover  82 , which may include any number of control buttons and a display such as an LCD screen. The cover  82  is preferably hinged as shown by the hinge portion of the camera head where a cover portion is secured in place such as by screws. From the hinges, the back cover  82  can pivot so as to open up and expose the control panel. A latch assembly is preferably provided to secure the back cover in a closed position and to allow the back cover  82  to be opened. A latch tab  83  can be pulled by an user to slide a latch  85  as can be slidingly constrained within guide structure along the back cover  82  near its free edge. Springs  84  are shown for biasing the latch  85  toward an engaged or latched position. Pulling the tab  83  causes the latch  85  to slide against the spring bias of the springs  84  as guided by the guide structure of the back cover  82 . When the latch  85  is disengaged from an edge recess of the camera head, the back cover can be pivoted about the hinges to an open position. 
         [0126]    Different vertical camera angles about a horizontally oriented axis are shown in  FIG. 19 , and different horizontal degrees of rotation about a vertical axis are shown in  FIG. 20 . Using both axis together, one can easily create an almost unlimited number of camera combinations. Unlike current camera designs that require the aid of a second or even third apparatus to achieve any vertical or horizontal movement system/apparatuses  120  and  160  do not. 
         [0127]    The embodiment of the present invention system/apparatus  120  in  FIG. 6A  brings together all of the different degrees of movement, camera components, camera heads, battery compartment main housing, and batteries. System/apparatus  120  is a hybrid system created by combining system/apparatus  140 , a camera head single axis 90 degree vertical support which is associated with the battery compartment/housing, system/apparatus  160  by adding a battery cap, a camera support arm, support components which allow for both vertical and horizontal degrees of movement as previously described. This combination of the other described embodiments above allows for system/apparatus  120  as shown in  FIGS. 7A ,  7 B,  7 C to have completely interchangeable and removable parts, unlimited axis angles and rotation without the aid of one or more additional support apparatuses, multiple recording camera heads and twice amount of images and coverage area of conventional fix single camera head systems. Preferably, but not necessarily, the apparatus  120  may be camouflaged. 
         [0128]    Unlike conventional surveillance/game/home/wildlife camera systems where the camera is part of one single housing including its battery power source which then mounts to a tree or post, a wire harness ( 95 ) of the present invention can be routed for connecting one or more camera heads to the battery compartment while allowing for complete 90 degree vertical movement about a horizontal axis and/or 360 degree rotational movement about a vertical axis, as are described above in the various embodiments of the present invention. Preferably a wiring harness should be enclosed, water proof and also concealed from anything that could chew or fray wires such as squirrels or mice. Preferably the harness is connected so as to provide power to a printed circuit board  94 , as schematically noted as below the back cover in  FIG. 22A . The wiring harness preferably connects from the printed circuit board within the camera head, as shown in  FIG. 22A , and is run into the hinge portion  20  thereof where it is then run into openings of the hub or tab portions (such as shown at  96  and  97  in  FIGS. 22C , D) that are used for rotational connection of the camera head to the mounting device either about a vertical or horizontal axis as described above. The wiring can be run within a hollow interior of these components, as also shown in  FIG. 23A . Preferably the harness then continues up thru a hole in the bottom of the battery compartment ( 98 ) where it connects to the positive and negative battery terminals to complete the circuit from the camera head to the battery power supply. 
         [0129]    System/apparatus  120  also shares and incorporates the same harness and wire path design. See  FIGS. 22A ,  22 B,  22 C,  22 D. 
         [0130]    Depicted in system/apparatus  160   FIGS. 23A ,  23 B, preferably just how such a required wire harness ( 99 ) and the wire path would work connecting both the camera head to the battery compartment and still allowing for complete ( 90 ) degree vertical and 360 degree horizontal axis movement. It is also important to note that the harness is preferably totally enclosed, water proof and also protected from anything that could chew or fray wires such as squirrels or mice. Preferably the harness is first connected to a printed circuit board ( 103 ), which is not just limited to one side or opposite sides of the printed circuit board. The wiring harness is then preferably routed down through each side of the said camera pivot arms and into a hollow inside of the camera support arm hub or truss ( 101 ) which is shown as attached to the top of the battery cap. The harness then preferably continues down through support arm and enters through a hole  102  in the top of the said 360 degree ball ratchet assembly  120 . The harness preferably continues down through said tension spring and said tension adjusting screw assembly ( 104 ) where the harness wires are then connected to the positive and negative battery terminals to complete the circuit from the camera head to the battery power supply. As above, effective power transfer can be operatively provided from internal battery sources, and external battery sources for use by the camera head as routed preferably through a printed circuit board in a conventional manner. By routing the wiring through the articulation points, whether about horizontal or vertical axis for movement, effective power transfer is achieved while allowing the desired movements and adjustability between a mounting device and an articulated camera head. 
         [0131]    System/apparatus  120  preferably also shares and incorporates the same harness and wire path designs as previously described in system/apparatus  140  and  160 . See  FIGS. 22A ,  22 B,  22 C,  22 D,  23 A,  23 B. 
         [0132]    Depicted in  FIGS. 25 ,  26 ,  27  is a quick mount detachable and multi-surface mounting bracket  180  that can be used with embodiments of the present invention. Whereas other types of mounting brackets require straps and or metal fasteners to secure a similar apparatus this bracket does not. The quick mount detachable bracket has several different ways it can be mounted. For example, the mounting bracket can be connected to a T-Post using slots  110  that can allow metal bosses, as are typically provided on a T-post, to protrude through the bracket. Next a u-bolt can be inserted into and through holes  113  and then bolted to the bracket and post at the desired height. Mounting to complete flat surfaces can be achieved by using mounting screw holes  111 . Once the bracket  180  is mounted to any structure, it is then easy to quickly mount and support a camera apparatus of the present invention in place. Likewise, it is easy to then remove the camera apparatus from the bracket  180  if desired. 
         [0133]    Securing the camera apparatus to bracket arms  114  is very quick and user friendly. The camera apparatus is first inserted into the bracket arms  114  at a slight upward angle using the strap mounting slots  25 , as are shown in  FIG. 8 . The next step is to slide the camera apparatus over the outermost extension of the arms  114  until the camera apparatus sits into and locks in place within one of preferably a plurality of desired slot locations  112 . The slot location  112  can depend on whether or not the external battery is being used. Once the camera apparatus is set in place, it is effectively supported for use as mounted and can then be adjusted for operation in the any of the manners described above. In  FIGS. 25A-E , a camera apparatus comprising a camera head  100  and mounting device  150  are shown as mounted in position to a quick mount bracket  180 . The camera apparatus is illustrated as without an external battery pack. As such, the strap mounting slots  25  are shown positioned within an inner slot  112 . As shown in  FIGS. 26A-E , a camera apparatus is shown, not only with a camera head  100  and mounting device  150 , but also with an external battery pack.  37 . In this case, the strap mounting slots  25  are shown as positioned within an outer one of the slots  112 . 
         [0134]    If several different camera locations are desired, multiple brackets  180  can be setup and left at those locations. This allows the user the flexibility using the quick detach system to move cameras apparatuses from one location to another quickly by simply removing the camera apparatus and leaving the bracket, and going to another location that already has a bracket. This also saves a lot of time in setting the camera back to a desired height and having to realign the target area. Preferably, but not necessarily, the apparatus  180  can be made from plastic or metal and may be camouflaged. 
         [0135]    Yet another embodiment in accordance with aspects of the present invention is illustrated within  FIGS. 28A , B, C,  29  and  30 . This embodiment utilizes similar concept as described above but incorporated within a panoramic camera design. Preferably, such a camera design provides for 180 degrees viewing. Specifically, a camera apparatus  300  can be provided that includes a mounting device  310  along with a camera head  320  that are preferably separable from one another. The camera head  320  and mounting device  310  may be connectable to one another by any mechanical type connection such as utilizing complimentary components that slide and engage with one another or that snap-fit with one another, or that utilize mechanical fasteners that are removable or manipulated such as latches or screws, or the like. 
         [0136]    It is preferable that the mounting device  310  provide a housing for batteries in a similar manner as that described above, which batteries could be considered as an internal battery source in the same manner as well. Also, it is preferable to include a means to provide external batteries as well. As shown in  FIG. 30 , an opening  325  can be provided into the mounting device  310  for creating an internal cavity for receiving an external battery pack  330 .  FIGS. 28 and 29  illustrate the camera apparatus  300  with an external battery pack  330  inserted within and through the opening  325 . The internal and external battery sources can be operatively connected with the camera head  320  for camera functionality in a similar manner as described above and to allow switching from one source to the other as needed. 
         [0137]    The camera head  320  itself preferably comprises plural cameras  340  that positioned in a desired manner relative to one another. Each camera  340  may be constructed in a manner as described above with respect to those single-camera camera heads  100  described above with similar components and functionality. Preferably, the cameras  340  are formed as connected together to create the camera head  320 . It is, however, contemplated that these cameras  340  could instead be adjustable to one another, particularly in a vertical manner with one or more of the cameras  340  being movable about a horizontal axis of rotation. Any of the techniques discussed above for providing such movement can be utilized. 
         [0138]    According to the illustrated arrangement of cameras  340 , three cameras  340  provide a full 180 degree viewing of a location based upon the set up of the camera assembly  300 . These cameras  340  can be controlled to function independently of one another or together based upon sensed conditions. For example, each camera  340  may include its own motion sensor, as described above, which sensor can trigger one, two, or all three cameras to take an image. Each camera  340  may have its own electronic circuitry for functionality, or a common control circuit can be instead utilized. 
         [0139]    Preferably also, a control panel  350  can be provided as shown for example in  FIGS. 28A  and C. A display panel and control buttons can be provided as shown as part of the control panel  350  for controlling or setting up functionality of each of the cameras  340 . For example, the buttons can be used to scroll through each of the camera and controlled functionality of each camera  340 . A closure door  355  is also shown that may be also provided for the purpose of closing off access to the control panel  350  as desired. Such a door can have any kind on known or developed lock system as well. 
         [0140]    There have been illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described herein above several of the unique and novel embodiments of the present invention which can be practiced and constructed in many different configurations, arrangements of components, sizes, and shapes. 
         [0141]    It should be understood that many changes, modifications, variations, and other uses and applications will become apparent to those persons skilled in this particular area of technology and to others after having been exposed to the present patent specification and accompanying drawings. 
         [0142]    Any and all such changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are therefore covered by and embraced within the present invention and the patent claims set forth herein below.