Abstract:
A method and a system for testing a plurality of driver circuits of an AMOLED before OLEDs are formed are provided. Each driver circuit includes a terminal, which is connected to an OLED after the OLED is formed, and is connected to a test element to form an electrical loop during the test. The system selects one specific driver circuit to test. The method and the system measure the value of a current signal flowing through the test element, and then analyze it to determine the status of the driver circuit. The said steps executed repeatedly, all driver circuits of the AMOLED are tested efficiently and precisely.

Description:
This Application claims priority to Taiwan Patent Application No. 092107304 filed on Mar. 31, 2003. 
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides a method and a system for testing driver circuits of an active matrix organic light emitting display (AMOLED) prior to formation of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     As technology progresses, the manufacturing technique of monitor display is also progressing. Following the technique of light emitting diodes (LEDs), the newest technique of monitor display brought to the market is one that utilizes organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Each OLED requires a driver circuit to drive it to emit light. The light can be of either a single color, such as red, green or blue, or even full colors. The advantages of OLEDs are the flexibility, liberation from vision angle restriction, thousands-hour product lifetime and low power consumption. Accordingly, OLEDs are very likely to replace LEDs and become the most popular monitor display in the next generation. 
     Each pixel of an AMOLED needs an OLED and a driver circuit, so there are ten thousands or even millions of driver circuits in one pad. It is then a complicated task to conclude the functionality of all driver circuits in one pad.  FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3  show the common driver circuits configured to drive OLEDs of monitor displays. Referring now to  FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3 , the method of prior art for testing these driver circuits starts with enabling each one via the write scan line WSL and inputting a certain voltage level via the data line DL after OLEDs are formed. The driver circuit then transfers the voltage level into a current signal I which makes the OLED emit light. According to the voltage level, test engineers determine the OLED&#39;s functionality by subjectively observing its luminosity with eyes. If a driver circuit is concluded failed, the OLED having been formed in it is wasted and can not be recovered even though the OLED per se is good. Accordingly, this test method of prior art would result in not only imprecision caused by engineers&#39; subjective decision but also high costs. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides a method and a system to test the driver circuits of an AMOLED by utilizing a test element prior to formation of OLEDs. The AMOLED includes an input pad, a write scan line and a data line. 
     The method of the present invention includes the following steps: repeating the following steps until all driver circuits are tested, assigning a value of a data signal via the input pad, assigning a voltage value to the write scan line via the input pad to select a target driver circuit for test, measuring a current signal flowing through the test element, and analyzing the current signal to determine the functionality of the target driver circuit. 
     The system of the present invention includes a data input device, a pixel selection device and a measurement device. The data input device, connected to the input pad, is configured to input a data signal. The pixel selection device, connected to the input pad, is configured to input a selection signal to select a target driver circuit. The measurement device, connected to the input pad and a power supply, is configured to measure the current signal flowing through the test element to determine the functionality of the target driver circuit. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  illustrates one driver circuitry to be tested by the method of the prior art; 
         FIG. 2  illustrates another driver circuitry to be tested by the method of the prior art; 
         FIG. 3  illustrates still another driver circuitry to be tested by the method of the prior art; 
         FIG. 4  illustrates the first circuitry to be tested by the method of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  illustrates the flow chart of the method provided by the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  illustrates the second circuitry to be tested by the method of the present invention; 
         FIG. 7  illustrates the third circuitry to be tested by the method of the present invention; 
         FIG. 8  illustrates the driver circuitry after the formation of an OLED; 
         FIG. 9  illustrates the exemplary embodiment of the system provided by the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The present invention provides a method for testing the driver circuits of an AMOLED prior to formation of OLEDs. The AMOLED has a plurality of driver circuits used to drive a plurality of OLEDs. The AMOLED further includes an input pad, a write scan line and a data line. The input pad is configured to input a selection signal for selecting a target driver circuit and to input a data signal to make the OLED luminous after the OLED has been formed into the target driver circuit. The write scan line which receives the selection signal from the input pad is configured to enable or disable the target driver circuit. The data line which receives the data signal from the input pad is configured to transmit the data signal to the target driver circuit.  FIG. 4  shows one of the common driver circuits, before formation of an OLED, to be tested by the method of the present invention. With reference to  FIG. 4 , a driver circuit includes a first transistor M 41 , a second transistor M 43  and a test element  100 . The first transistor M 41  and the second transistor M 43  respectively include a source S, a gate G and a drain D. The source S, or the drain, of the first transistor M 41  is connected to the data line DL of the AMOLED. The gate G of the first transistor M 41  is connected to the write scan line WSL of the AMOLED. The drain D, or the source, of the second transistor M 43  will be connected to an OLED after the OLED is formed. To perform the testing method of the present invention, the test element  100  has to be connected to the drain D of the second transistor M 43  prior to formation of the OLED in order to form an electrical loop for test (power supply VDD→ the second transistor M 43 → the test element  100 → ground). 
       FIG. 5  shows the steps of the method provided by the present invention. With reference to  FIG. 4  and  FIG. 5 , the method of the present invention is described as below. In step  501 , whether all driver circuits of the AMOLED have been tested is being checked. If the result is negative, step  503  is executed, in which a value of the data signal is assigned to the data line DL via the input pad. In step  505 , a voltage level is assigned to the write scan line WSL via the input pad in order to select a target driver circuit to test. For example, because the first transistor M 41  of the driver circuit in  FIG. 4  is a p-channel TFT, in step  505 , a low voltage level is transmitted through the write scan line WSL to the gate G of the first transistor M 41  so as to turn on the first transistor M 41 . Once the first transistor M 41  is turned on, the data signal assigned in step  503  can enter the target driver circuit. In step  507 , a current signal flowing through the test element  100  is measured. To measure the current signal, a measurement device  102  and the test element  100  are required to be a series connection. However, the connection between the drain D of the second transistor M 43  and the test element  100  and the connection between the test element  100  and ground are already fixed, so the measurement device  102  is preferred to be disposed between the power supply VDD and a node n 1 . In step  509 , the current signal is analyzed to determine the functionality of the target driver circuit. If the functionality of the target driver circuit is normal, step  501  is executed again to check whether all driver circuits of the AMOLED have been tested. If still not, steps  503 ,  505 ,  507  and  509  are repeated. If yes, step  511  is executed to finish the whole test process. If the functionality of the target driver circuit is abnormal, its position is recorded and then step  501  is executed again. 
     The test element  100  is formed to generate an electrical loop to facilitate the measurement of the current signal flowing through the test element  100 . A resistor is suitable to be used as the test element  100 . To avoid influencing the function of the OLED, the value of the resistor must be highly larger than the resistivity of an active OLED. It is suggested that the value of the resistor is at least  100  times larger than the resistivity of an active OLED. Since the resistivity of an active OLED is about 10Ω˜10KΩ, the value of the resistor as the test element  100  is about 1KΩ˜100MΩ. In addition to resistors, TFTs or other electrical components can be used as the test element  100  as long as the above resistivity requirement is met. 
     Taking the driver circuit in  FIG. 4  as an example, if the initial settings of the power supply VDD and the write scan line WSL are respectively 12V and 0V, the first transistor M 41  is turned on and the driver circuit is enabled, so that the data signal is able to enter the driver circuit. The data signal is a voltage value within a range from 7V to 10V. This range is divided into 64 gray scales in order to drive OLEDs to emit light at 64 different luminous levels. If a driver circuit can operate normally, the expected range of the measured current signal should be from 20 μA to 0.002 μA. Also, the range between 20 μA and 0.002 μA, corresponding to the range of the data signal, can be divided into 64 gray scales. In step  503 , the data signal is selected from any of the 64 gray scales within the range from 7V to 10V. If the target driver circuit can operate normally, then the level of the current signal measured in step  509  should fall in the corresponding gray scale. 
     The data signal can be a current signal with a value ranging from 20 μA to 0.002 μA. Similarly, this range is divided into 64 gray scales in order to drive OLEDs to emit light at 64 different luminous levels. If the target driver circuit can operate normally, then the level of the current signal measured in step  509  should fall in the range between 20 μA and 0.002 μA as well. 
     Using the method of the present invention, testing the driver circuits of an AMOLED can be accomplished precisely and efficiently, avoiding diverse test results caused by test engineers&#39; subjective decisions. 
     The driver circuits shown in  FIG. 6  and  FIG. 7  are also well known. The difference between those and the driver circuit shown in  FIG. 4  is the types of the first transistors. More specifically, the first transistors M 61  and M 71  in  FIG. 6  and  FIG. 7  are n-channel TFTs, while the first transistor M 41  in  FIG. 4  is a p-channel TFT. Accordingly, the data signal in the write scan line WSL to enable the driver circuits shown in  FIG. 6  and  FIG. 7  should be assigned a high voltage level. Besides, the AMOLED with the driver circuits of  FIG. 7  further includes an erase scan line ESL configured to eliminate the potential already stored in the capacitor C 71  before the data signal enters. 
     When the test process in  FIG. 5  is finished, the measurement device  102  will be removed and OLEDs will be formed into the driver circuits determined to be normal.  FIG. 8  illustrates the driver circuit shown in  FIG. 4  with an OLED in it. Although the test element  100  might not be removed after the test process or be connected to the OLED in parallel, the current flowing through the test element  100  can be ignored because of the huge difference in resistivity of the test element  100  and the OLED. Accordingly, a current flowing through the OLED still can make it function normally. 
     The method of the present invention can effectively test not only the driver circuits shown in  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 6 , and  FIG. 7  but also other similar driver circuits not mentioned herein. 
     The present invention also discloses a system configured to execute the above test method. As  FIG. 9  shows, the system includes a data input device  21 , a pixel selection device  23  and a measurement device  102 . The data input device  21  for inputting the data signal  15  is connected to an input pad  13  via a connector  31 . The pixel selection device  23  for inputting the selection signal  17  to select a target driver circuit  11  is also connected to the input pad  13  via the connector  31 . The measurement device  102  for measuring the current signal  19  to determine the functionality of the target driver circuit  11  is connected to a power supply  25  and, via the connector  31 , to the input pad  13 . If the functionality of the target driver circuit  11  is not normal, the measurement device  102  records a position of the target driver circuit  11 . 
     The above description of the preferred embodiments is expected to clearly expound the characteristics of the present invention but not expected to restrict the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous modifications and alterations of the apparatus may be made while retaining the teaching of the invention. Accordingly, the above disclosure should be construed as limited only by the bounds of the claims.