Abstract:
Convergence systems, or PC-TV systems, provide the combined benefits of a computer system and a television. These systems typically include audio/video recorders, such as VCRs, for recording programs, as well as an electronic program guide (EPG) for presenting program information. The present invention provides methods and devices for detecting specific signals or markers associated with a program or channel signal, and then enabling a recording device or an EPG to perform an act, such as recording a program, based upon the detected signals or markers. In a preferred embodiment, the system receives a channel signal, detects a program start or stop marker within the signal, and controls the EPG or the recording device to perform acts corresponding to the detection of a start or stop instruction.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a continuation under 37 C.F.R. 1.53(b) of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/470,038 filed Dec. 22, 1999 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,549,718 which application is incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention concerns information handling systems, and more specifically, interaction between personal computer/television convergence systems, electronic program guides (EPGs), and audio/video recording devices. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The home electronics industry, in the midst of an ongoing convergence of televisions and computers, has produced a new class of products, known as personal computer/television systems, or PC-TV systems. In their simplest form, these systems allow users to selectively switch between using a video monitor or display to watch television, or to support computer activities like word processing, creating spread sheets, playing computer games, or even surfing the internet. A seminal example, the Gateway Destination PC-TV system, from Gateway Inc., not only weds a television to a personal computer, but allows system expansion to receive programming from internal sources, such as video-cassette recorders (VCRs), digital versatile disk (DVD) players, laser disk players, and video cameras, as well as from external sources, such as cable, direct-broadcast satellite, etc. 
     The Destination, and other such systems, additionally include an automatic recording feature which allows users to instruct VCRs to automatically record specific upcoming television programs, days, weeks, or even months before they actually occur. The instructions typically designate a channel, a start time, and an end time, and the system logs, or registers, the instructions for future execution. Once registered, the system automatically selects the designated channel, as well as the starting and ending the recording at the designated times. 
     With the growth in the number of video channels, particularly cable and satellite television channels, many PC-TV systems now include an electronic program guide—a database listing available television channels and their program schedules. In these systems, an EPG operates as a user-prompted menu system, which logically organizes and displays thousands of program options. Typically, the user uses a wireless remote control to prompt display of EPG data, such as name, start time and end time, for a program currently being viewed. When the current program ends, the user, again using the remote control, can prompt display of EPG data for the next program. Additionally, the user can scroll through a listing of programs in the EPG data and select a program for recording using a record command. Selecting the record command automatically programs a VCR coupled to the EPG with the necessary channel, start time, and end time information. 
     Despite the utility and convenience of the EPG itself and its VCR-programming capability, PC-TV systems still suffer from at least two problems. The first problem is that the initiation of an EPG data display for any given program requires user input. This requirement typically means that the EPG is generally underemployed. The second problem is that the VCR clock that controls the starting and stopping of recording is too often either a few minutes behind or a few minutes ahead of the clock of a television broadcaster. Under these conditions, the VCR programmed to record a program either starts and stops recording before a desired program does, or starts and stops recording after the program does so. In either case, the resulting recording misses a portion of the desired program. 
     The user can ameliorate the recording timing problem in two ways. First, the user can program the VCR to start recording a few minutes earlier and end recording a few minutes later to ensure recording of the entire program, but this is generally inconvenient and wasteful of recording tape. And second, the user can spend extra time and effort to ensure synchronization of the VCR clock with the television broadcast clock. Although these measures often successfully avoid the timing problem, they generally fail when a broadcaster delays or interrupts a scheduled program with unscheduled programming, such as a special news report, or when a broadcaster lets a scheduled program, such an overtime football or basketball game, runs past its scheduled end time. 
     Accordingly, there is a need for a better way of controlling display or output of EPG data and a better way of controlling VCRs and other recording devices to record desired programming. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     To address these and other problems, the present invention comprises methods and devices that detect specific signals or markers associated with a broadcast signal, and operate a recording device or an EPG based upon the detected signals or markers. Specifically, one exemplary method entails receiving a broadcast signal, detecting a program start or stop marker within the signal, and controlling the EPG or the recording device based upon this program start or stop marker information. 
     More specifically, operating the EPG entails initiating display or output of a first data set associated with a program upon detection of the program start marker, and initiating display of a second data set associated with another program upon detection of the program stop marker. Operating the recording device entails starting a recording of a program upon detection of the start marker, and stopping recording upon detection of the end marker. 
     Other embodiments, aspects, and advantages of the invention will become apparent after considering the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary PC-TV system incorporating the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating exemplary operation of an EPG within the system of FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 3A is a diagram of an exemplary EPG display generated by the system in FIG. 1 in accord with the present invention; and 
     FIG. 3B is a diagram of another exemplary EPG display generated by the system in FIG. 1 in accord with the present invention. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The following detailed description, which references and incorporates FIGS. 1-3B, describes and illustrates specific embodiments of the invention. These embodiments, offered not to limit but only to exemplify and teach the invention, are shown and described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. Thus, where appropriate to avoid obscuring the invention, the description may omit certain information known to those of skill in the art. 
     FIG. 1 shows an information handling system comprising a convergence (or PC-TV) system  100  in accord with the invention. Specifically, PC-TV system  100 , which in a preferred embodiment, incorporates features of the Destination PC-TV system from Gateway, Inc., includes a monitor  110 , a tuner-receiver  120 , a personal computer  130 , and a detector  140 . 
     Monitor  110 , the heart of the system from a user perspective, plays or displays video programming from the tuner-receiver  120  and/or personal computer  130 . Monitor  110  includes an EPG display  110 A for displaying EPG information. Monitor  110  also includes built-in audio speakers (not shown) for outputting audible signals, including audible EPG signals. To facilitate audible EPG signals, the system includes a toggle or mixing circuit (not shown) to allow for output of EPG audio over, or in place of, normal program audio. 
     Tuner-receiver  120  receives analog or digital channel signals via direct connection or wireless coupling to a multi-channel programming source. The signals for a given channel carry a scheduled or unscheduled sequence of programs, or programming events. In an exemplary embodiment, tuner-receiver  120  accepts digital or analog cable television signals, local over-the-air broadcast signals, and direct satellite television signals. Exemplary signals that tuner-receiver  120  can receive include a program or channel signal  10  with embedded markers  10   a  and  10   b  and/or a parallel channel signal  20  with embedded markers  20   a  and  20   b . In an exemplary embodiment, markers  10   a  and  10   b  and markers  20   a  and  20   b  identify the respective beginning and end of a program on channel signal  10  and  20  respectively. 
     Computer  130 , operatively coupled to monitor  110  and tuner-receiver  120 , includes a processor  131 , a local memory  132 , mass data storage devices  133  and  134 , a modem  135 , a clock  136 , and a set of user interface devices  137 . Modem  135 , and other available means of communication, are capable of supporting apparatus and/or software (not shown), such as streaming-media players for any current or future format. 
     Interface devices  137  include a keyboard or keypad  137 A, a mouse or other pointing device  137 B, and a microphone  137 C, all of which support user interaction with a graphical user interface, such as the Windows operating system from Microsoft. In some embodiments, one or more of the interface devices  137  may be wireless. 
     Mass data storage device  133 , for example a computer-controllable video cassette recorder (VCR), a hard drive, or other recording device, records audio, video, or digital data on a read-write, data-storage medium, such as a magnetic recording tape. However, the invention encompasses any device capable of recording data, whether in analog or digital form. 
     Mass data storage device  134  may include one or more hard drives, and store an electronic program guide (EPG) software  134 A and related database  134 B, as well as recording-device-control software  134 C. EPG software  134 A and recording-control software  134 C cooperate with detector  140  to respectively control EPG display  110   a  and mass storage device  133 . 
     Detector  140 , which is operatively coupled to receive a version of channel signal  10  and/or channel signal  20  from tuner-receiver  120  or modem  135 , identifies and decodes markers  10 A and  10 B and/or markers  20 A and  20 B. In one embodiment, these markers are contained in vertical blanking intervals (VBIs) of a television channel signal. In another, they are contained in digital data packets of a digital television signal or a digital media stream received via modem  135 , which is coupled through a local or wide area network to a provider of programming marked in accord with the invention. In still other embodiments, the markers are carried by a digital or analog communication channel, such as signal  20 , that is distinct from channel signal  10 , but that provides markers synchronized with the programs of channel signal  10 . 
     In general operation, system  100  receives channel signal  10  and/or channel signal  20  via tuner-receiver  120  or modem  135 . Detector  140  identifies a marker  10 A, using identification information embedded within the marker and/or using logical or contextual inference based on the channel and time information within EPG database  134 B, as a start marker for a given program. Once a marker is identified and/or decoded, detector  140  sends a signal to computer  130 , which directs EPG software to output EPG data to EPG display  10 A and/or directs mass storage device  133  to start or stop recording a program scheduled for recording. 
     More particularly, FIG. 2 shows an exemplary method of operation in at least a portion of EPG software  134 A. The method begins at block  202  with receipt of channel signals  10  and/or  20 . Channel signal  20 , which is generally unnecessary if channel signal  10  includes markers  10 A and  10 B, is a shadow signal that provides markers for programs on channel signal  10 . Execution of the exemplary method then proceeds to process block  204 . 
     Process block  204  determines whether detector  140  has identified any markers associated with channel signals  10  and  20 . If no markers have been detected, then the method loops back to block  202 . However, if a marker has been detected, execution proceeds to decision block  206 . 
     In decision block  206 , the system determines whether the detected marker is a program start marker. The exemplary embodiment assumes the marker is either a program start marker or a program stop marker. However, other embodiments check for alternative types of markers, such as commercial start and stop markers, which would bracket a commercial occurring during a program. Embodiments that check for commercial markers can mark the location of commercials on recording media and/or skip initial recording of the commercials, or provide a commercial-only recording mode. Embodiments that accept streaming media check for a wide variety of markers consistent with the format of the a given media stream, one or more of which can be validly interpreted to control operation of an EPG or a recording device. The streaming media can assume any available or future streaming media format. Media formatted according to Hypertext Mark-up Language (HTML), a Virtual Hypertext Markup Language (VHTML), or X Mark-up Language (XML) can also be processed in alternative embodiments of the invention. In any case, if the detected marker is a program start marker, execution branches to decision block  208 . 
     Decision block  208  determines whether the current program associated with the start marker is scheduled for recording. In an exemplary embodiment, this entails consulting a scheduling database associated with recording-device-control software  134 C, for example, EPG database  134 B. If the program associated with the start marker is scheduled for recording, execution proceeds to process block  210 , which starts the recording. In some embodiments, the start marker precedes actual starting of the program by some predetermined time period, such as 5 or 10 seconds, or by a time period indicated in the marker itself. If the marker does proceed the start in this fashion, these embodiments queue the recording device to start at an appropriate time to capture at least the actual start of the program. After block  210 , execution returns to block  202 . 
     If decision block  208  determines that the program associated with the detected start marker is not scheduled for recording, execution proceeds to process block  212 , which outputs at, least a portion of any EPG data for the program associated with program start marker. In an exemplary embodiment, this specifically entails searching EPG database  134 B (or a remote database on another network accessible computer) based on available channel and time information, or based on other information provided in or with the program start marker, such as a program identifier. In any event, once the appropriate data (which can take a wide variety of forms, such as text, audio, and/or video information) is located, the EPG software directs its output at one or more appropriate portions on the monitor  110 , such as EPG display  110 A. Execution then returns to block  202 . 
     At block  206 , if the detected marker is determined not to be a start marker, but instead to be a program stop marker for its associated program, execution branches or proceeds to decision block  214 . At this decision block, the exemplary embodiment determines whether the program associated with the detected stop marker is currently being recorded by the system. One way of determining this is to check the status of mass storage device  133  or any other recording devices coupled to system  100 . If the program associated with the program start is currently being recorded, execution proceeds to block  216  to stop the recording. 
     In some embodiments, the stop marker precedes actual stopping of its associated program by some predetermined time period, such as 5 or 10 seconds, or by a time period indicated in the marker itself. If the marker does proceed the stop in this fashion, these embodiments queue the recording device to stop at an appropriate time to ensure capture of at least the end of the program. 
     If the program (or programs) associated with the stop marker are being recorded, and after execution of block  216 , the exemplary method continues with execution of process block  218 . Block  218  outputs the next EPG data, i.e., outputs at least a portion of any EPG associated with the program following the program associated with the program stop marker on the current channel. 
     FIGS. 3A and 3B show respective examples of first EPG display  300 A for a current program which the system outputs upon detection of a program start marker, and a second EPG display  300 B which the system displays after detection of a program stop marker for the current program. Displays  300 A and  300 B, which also function as graphical user interfaces to EPG data, include respective affiliated data areas  302 A and  302 B, media area  304 A and  304 B, preview selection areas  306 A and  306 B, and back-channel access areas  308 A and  308 B. Affiliated data areas  302 A and  302 B display data provided by local network affiliates or cable providers, such as local weather conditions or promotional information. Media areas  304 A and  304 B display video information, such as program trailers contained within EPG database  134 B or imported in real time as streaming media via modem  135 . Notably, media area  304 A displays a media clip, such a program trailer, for Dateline NBC, the current program, upon detection of a program start marker. On the other hand, media area  304 B which is displayed automatically (that is, without user initiation) upon detection of program stop marker for Dateline NBC, displays a media clip for Homicide, which is the program indicated as following after Dateline NBC in FIG.  3 B. Selection areas  306 A and  306 B permit selection of specific EPG data, and back-channel access areas  308 A and  308 B facilitate access to internet sites related to specific channels or programs. 
     The preferred embodiments described above are intended only to illustrate and teach one or more ways of practicing or implementing the present invention, not to restrict its breadth or scope. The scope of the invention, intended to encompass all ways of practicing or implementing the principles of the invention, is defined only by the following claims and their equivalents.