Abstract:
This invention relates to compositions and methods for hair bleaching. In particular, the invention concerns stabilized hair bleach products that contain at least one persulfate salt, and an oil gel. The composition of the present invention forms an emulsion where the oil and salt do not separate providing a consistent and stable hair bleach formulation.

Description:
This application claims the priority of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/048,706, filed Apr. 29, 2008, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to compositions and methods for hair bleaching. In particular, the invention concerns stabilised hair bleach products that contain a persulfate salt and an oil gel. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Hair bleaching is a well-known process in the hair cosmetic field. Hair bleaching involves the application of an oxidizing agent to the hair for a period of time effective to achieve a desired lighter hair shade. The oxidizing agent typically is a hydrogen peroxide solution in concentrations ranging from 6 to 12% by weight. The hydrogen peroxide is applied to the hair under alkaline pH conditions and gradually lightens the shade of the hair by oxidizing the melanin that gives it color. 
     To enhance the lightening efficacy of the peroxide solution, a persulfate salt-based formulation may be incorporated as a “booster”. The sodium, potassium or ammonium persulfate salt is provided as a powder, which is mixed with the hydrogen peroxide solution prior to use. The mixed product is then applied to the hair for a period of time effective to achieve the desired lighter hair shade. 
     Currently, hair bleaches are most commonly found in the two-component kit form. One component comprises an aqueous-based hydrogen peroxide composition containing solution or emulsion. The second component comprises a powdered bleach composition that contains persulfate salts and alkaline agent(s), which act as accelerators of the bleaching process when the two components are combined. This powdered bleach composition may be used alone to bleach hair or in combination with an aqueous hydrogen peroxide composition. The hydrogen peroxide and persulfates are very reactive when combined and form nascent oxygen in addition to hydrogen and sodium sulfide. The nascent oxygen greatly facilitates oxidizing and bleaching of melanin from the hair. 
     The salts and other active ingredients (such as alkaline agents) routinely originate as a powdery mixture of ingredients which are then transformed into a paste by mixing with water or other liquid. The powdery mixture often has the disadvantage of dusting. The oxidizing and alkaline agents in the powdery mixture may be harmful if ingested or inhaled; therefore, it is desirable to obtain a hair bleach that does not cause this dusting. 
     De-dusted formulations have been developed to control or reduce the dusting in powdered bleaching compositions. The de-dusted formulation generally mixes the powder with at least a basic oil, such as mineral oil or ethyldexyl pelargonate, resulting in a cream-type formulation. Typically, these prior art chemical systems are either unstable (causing separation of the oil and the salt phases) or too waxy and, therefore, cosmetically un-appealing after premature formula separation due to the presence of oils and salts. The separation has the effect that different portions of the same batch of powder taken from different locations in the batch have different chemical compositions and thus may provide a different bleaching effect. 
     There is a desire and a long-standing need to overcome these disadvantages of the current technology with regards to controlled hair bleaching with a cream formulation. The primary challenge in developing a cream bleach resides in the need to develop a formulation that contains the necessary salt concentration level within a small oil matrix, which remains consistent enough to be cosmetically appealing and desirable to hair and scalp application with minimum damage, and has almost no physical separation of the components. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An object of this invention is to create a stable and homogeneous hair bleaching composition which shows no separation as commonly seen in benchmark formulations. Since these extreme high salt formulations require anhydrous environments, the challenge is to successfully create a stable cream-like suspension which does not separate or harden upon aging. Currently marketed products either show oil separation or become hardened and dry within months of fabrication. 
     It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide a stable composition, preferably a homogeneous composition, for hair bleaching which imparts a long-lasting bleaching property to the hair fiber, while at the same time substantially eliminating exposure to potentially environmental damage from formula separation. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide a formula matrix utilizing combinations of organic solvents, salts, fillers and active salts such as persulfates of sodium, potassium and ammonium. 
     Still another object of the present invention is to utilize ingredients such as the following: oil gels, persulfates, waxes, silicates, metasilicates, carbomers, silica, oxides, and/or chelating agents to create a creamy or paste composition for bleaching head hair. 
     Yet another object of this invention is to provide a method of applying a controlled cream base onto hair and scalp. 
     Finally, another object of this invention is to provide salons and consumers a more consistent and stable hair bleaching composition as a better substitute for the current market cream bleach as well as other dusty and de-dusted powdered bleach compositions in use. This, in turn, provides consumers with a much safer application method and environment. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The present invention relates to a new cream bleach composition utilizing an oil gel as a suspension medium for persulfate salts to create a stable suspension/emulsion system with minimal to no separation in comparison to current market standards. The present invention provides a stable emulsion that allows for a better mixing and application on a client&#39;s hair with reduced damage during the process. It also represents a dust-free product, making it environmentally friendly and controlled at the point of use. The oil gel contains a hydrophobic and lipophilic material, and a polymer/copolymer. The hydrophobic and lipophilic material is preferably an oil, and more preferably an emollient. In a preferred embodiment, the hydrophobic and lipophilic material is a hydrocarbon. In a preferred embodiment, the polymer/copolymer forms a gel in which the hydrophobic and lipophilic material is suspended. Optionally, the composition may further contain silica, a chelating agent, a conditioner, and/or a thickening agent. Preferably, the concentration of oil gel is about 5 to 60%, preferably 30 to 45% (by weight), and the total persulfate salts concentration is about 25 to 90%, preferably 55 to 70% (by weight). 
     The present invention utilizes host-guest molecule vehicles to transport the active ingredients of persulfates to their bleaching sites on the cuticle. The vehicle used by the present invention is the oil gel while the active ingredients are the persulfates. The oil gel contains at least one hydrophilic and lipophilic material, and at least one polymer/copolymer in the form of a gel. The invention uses the oil gel in hair cream bleach formulations as a vehicle (suspending agent) for the persulfate&#39;s active ingredients, while at the same time preventing the separation of the salt and the oil phases by uniformly suspending them in a medium. The oil gel vehicle may be Versagels or Synergels by Penreco or other substitute vendors or manufacturers of similar chemistry concept. The Versagel series includes the following:
         Versagel C-series   Versagel M-series   Versagel P-series   Versagel R-series       

     The preferred formulations utilize the M-series Versagels as the oil gel vehicle, but the other series are also useful in the present invention. The M-series includes, but not limited to, the following:
         Versagel M (mineral oil and ethylene/propylene/styrene copolymer and butylene/ethylene/styrene copolymer)   Versagel ME (hydrogenated polyisobutene and ethylene/propylene/styrene copolymer and butylene/ethylene/styrene copolymer)   Versagel ML (alkyl benzoate and ethylene/propylene/styrene copolymer and butylene/ethylene/styrene copolymer)   Versagel MP (isopropyl palmitate and ethylene/propylene/styrene copolymer and butylene/ethylene/styrene copolymer)   Versagel MC (isohexadecane and ethylene/propylene/styrene copolymer and butylene/ethylene/styrene copolymer)   Versagel MD (isododecane and ethylene/propylene/styrene copolymer and butylene/ethylene/styrene copolymer)   Versagel MN (isononyl isononanoate and ethylene/propylene/styrene copolymer and butylene/ethylene/styrene copolymer)       

     The oil gels can be made using methods described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,221,534, which is incorporated herein by reference. The preferred hydrophobic and lipophilic materials are selected from mineral oil, hydrogenated polyisobutene, alkyl benzoate, isopropyl palmitate, isohexadecane, isododecane, and isononyl isononanoate. The preferred polymer/copolymer is ethylene/propylene/styrene copolymer and butylene/ethylene/styrene copolymer. 
     The persulfate salt contains one or more of various alkaline earth metals, alkali metals, or ammonium persulfate compounds that exhibit oxidizing activity (generating active oxygen) when combined with the aqueous oxidizing agent composition. Preferably such persulfates comprise one or more of an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonium persulfate. Examples of alkali metal persulfates include lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, and the like. Examples of suitable alkaline earth metals include magnesium, calcium, and the like. Particularly preferred are sodium, potassium, and ammonium persulfates. The persulfates are generally in particulate form, having particle sizes ranging from about 0.1 to 200 microns. 
     A preferred embodiment utilizes gelled mineral oils (containing mineral oils and polymers/copolymers) and is able to provide complete emulsification, thereby providing a very stable environment for the incorporation of persulfate salts. This provides a very uniform and homogeneous application during the bleaching of human head hair without separation of the mineral oil and the persulfates. 
     In an alternative embodiment, the present invention may contain just one or two of the active persulfates and may be ammonia free if the ammonium persulfate is not utilized. 
     The composition of the present invention may further include one or more conditioning agents, chelating agents, thickeners, and/or silica. Conditioning agents are added to the composition in order to soften and provide a more luxurious look. Useful hair conditioning agents include, but are not limited to, laurol lysine and/or aloe vera powder. Useful chelating agents include, but are not limited to, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), disodium EDTA, tetrasodium EDTA, cyclodextrin, sodium citrate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, disodium pyrophosphate, and mixtures thereof. Useful thickeners include, but are not limited to, aluminum sterate, magnesium sterate, calcium sterate, sodium sterate, algin, kaolin, guar gum, xanthan gum, beeswax, acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, carbomers, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof. 
     Preferred compositions of the present invention include: 
     A) 30%-70% persulfate salts, 3%-20% silicates, and 5%-60% oil gel; 
     B) 25%-70% potassium persulfate, 2%-20% sodium silicate/metasilicates, and 10%-50% oil gel; 
     C) Sodium Persulfaate Salt=25%-70% sodium persulfate, 2%-20% sodium silicate/metasilicates, and 10%-50% oil gel; 
     D) 25%-50% ammonium persulfate, 2%-20% sodium silicate/metasilicates, and 10%-50% oil gel; 
     E) 25%-70% potassium persulfate, 25%-70% sodium persulfate, 2%-20% sodium silicate/metasilicates, and 10%-50% oil gel; 
     F) 25%-70% potassium persulfate, 5%-20% ammonium persulfate, 2%-20% sodium silicate/metasilicates, and 10%-50% oil gel; and 
     G) 25%-70% sodium persulfate, 5%-20% ammonium persulfate, 2%-20% sodium silicate/metasilicates, and 10%-50% oil gel. 
     The emulsification of the oil gel and persulfate salts plus additional supporting ingredients to produce a finished cream bleach formula for the head hair can be easily maintained with a great amount of comfort and satisfaction. The present invention provides a technology to maintain a stable chemical product to bleach hair to desired satisfaction, by maintaining formula stability and uniformity without separation, thereby eliminating bleaching inconsistency. There is currently no known bleaching cream with similar consistency without showing separation over time. 
     The present formulation preferably is used in combination with an oxygen donor, such as hydrogen peroxide, to bleach hair. In use, the formulation can be mixed with hydrogen peroxide before being applied to the hair. Once mixed with peroxide, it should be applied within about ten (10) minutes. The formulation may be applied to the hair with any number of application devices, with the primary purpose of scarcely or densely depositing the bleach lotion to the hair to achieved the desired result. 
     Without further description, it is believed that one of ordinary skill in the art can, using the preceding description and the following illustrative examples, make and utilize the compositions of the present invention and practice the claimed methods. The following examples are given to illustrate the present invention. It should be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific conditions or details described in these examples. 
     EXAMPLE 1 
     Formulations 
     Cream bleach compositions were made in accordance with the following formulas A to F: 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Cream Bleach Formula A 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Component 
                 %(W/W) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Potassium Persulfate 
                 25.500-40.000 
               
               
                 Mineral oil (and) Ethylene/Propylene/Styrene 
                 10.000-23.700 
               
               
                 Copolymer (and) Butylene/Ethylene/Styrene Copolymer 
               
               
                 Mineral Oil 
                 2.000-7.000 
               
               
                 Ammonium Persulfate 
                 1.000-5.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Persulfate 
                 1.000-5.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Metasilicate 
                 0.500-5.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Silicate 
                 0.500-5.000 
               
               
                 Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 
                 0.500-3.000 
               
               
                 C 12-15 Alkyl Benzoate 
                 0.500-2.000 
               
               
                 Magnesium Oxide 
                 0.100-1.000 
               
               
                 Beeswax 
                 0.100-0.500 
               
               
                 Ozokerite Wax 
                 0.100-0.500 
               
               
                 Silica 
                 0.100-0.500 
               
               
                 Titanium Dioxide 
                 0.100-0.500 
               
               
                 Acrylates Copolymer (and) Silica 
                 0.100-0.500 
               
               
                 Fragrance 
                 0.100-0.300 
               
               
                 Sodium Magnesium Silicate 
                 0.050-0.200 
               
               
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 0.050-0.200 
               
               
                 Lauroyl Lysine 
                 0.010-0.050 
               
               
                   Aloe Barbadensis  Leaf Juice 
                 0.010-0.050 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Cream Bleach Formula B 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Component 
                 %(W/W) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Potassium Persulfate 
                 45.180-70.00 
               
               
                 Mineral oil (and) Ethylene/Propylene/Styrene 
                 24.675-50.00 
               
               
                 Copolymer (and) Butylene/Ethylene/Styrene Copolymer 
               
               
                 Mineral Oil 
                  7.000-30.00 
               
               
                 Ammonium Persulfate 
                  5.000-20.00 
               
               
                 Sodium Persulfate 
                  5.000-40.00 
               
               
                 Sodium Metasilicate 
                  5.000-20.00 
               
               
                 Sodium Silicate 
                  5.000-20.000 
               
               
                 Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 
                 3.000-7.00 
               
               
                 Ethyl Hexyl Pelargonate 
                  2.000-15.00 
               
               
                 Magnesium Oxide 
                 1.000-5.00 
               
               
                 Beeswax 
                 0.500-3.00 
               
               
                 Ozokerite Wax 
                 0.500-3.00 
               
               
                 Silica 
                 0.500-3.00 
               
               
                 Titanium Dioxide 
                 0.500-5.00 
               
               
                 Acrylates Copolymer (and) Silica 
                 0.500-5.00 
               
               
                 Fragrance 
                 0.300-1.00 
               
               
                 Sodium Magnesium Silicate 
                 0.200-1.00 
               
               
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 0.200-1.00 
               
               
                 Lauroyl Lysine 
                 0.050-2.00 
               
               
                   Aloe Barbadensis  Leaf Juice 
                 0.050-0.50 
               
               
                 Ultramarine Blue 
                 0.009-0.10 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Cream Bleach Formula C 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Component 
                 %(W/W) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Potassium Persulfate 
                 20.000-39.691 
               
               
                 Mineral oil (and) Ethylene/Propylene/Styrene 
                 10.000-25.000 
               
               
                 Copolymer (and) Butylene/Ethylene/Styrene Copolymer 
               
               
                 Mineral Oil 
                 2.000-7.000 
               
               
                 Ammonium Persulfate 
                 1.000-5.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Persulfate 
                 1.000-5.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Metasilicate 
                 1.000-5.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Silicate 
                 1.000-5.000 
               
               
                 Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 
                 0.500-3.000 
               
               
                 C 12-15 Alkyl Benzoate 
                 1.000-2.000 
               
               
                 Magnesium Oxide 
                 0.200-1.000 
               
               
                 Beeswax 
                 0.200-0.500 
               
               
                 Ozokerite Wax 
                 0.200-0.500 
               
               
                 Silica 
                 0.300-0.500 
               
               
                 Titanium Dioxide 
                 0.200-0.500 
               
               
                 Acrylates Copolymer (and) Silica 
                 0.200-0.500 
               
               
                 Fragrance 
                 0.100-0.300 
               
               
                 Sodium Magnesium Silicate 
                 0.100-0.200 
               
               
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 0.100-0.200 
               
               
                 Lauroyl Lysine 
                 0.010-0.050 
               
               
                   Aloe Barbadensis  Leaf Juice 
                 0.010-0.050 
               
               
                 Ultramarine Blue 
                  0.001-0.0085 
               
               
                 Total 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Cream Bleach Formula D 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Component 
                 %(W/W) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Potassium Persulfate 
                 40.000-50.000 
               
               
                 Mineral oil (and) Ethylene/Propylene/Styrene 
                 21.000-50.000 
               
               
                 Copolymer (and) Butylene/Ethylene/Styrene Copolymer 
               
               
                 Mineral Oil 
                 10.400-20.000 
               
               
                 Ammonium Persulfate 
                  5.000-20.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Persulfate 
                  5.000-50.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Metasilicate 
                  4.000-20.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Silicate 
                  4.000-25.000 
               
               
                 Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 
                 4.000-7.000 
               
               
                 C 12-15 Alkyl Benzoate 
                  3.000-20.000 
               
               
                 Magnesium Oxide 
                  1.000-10.000 
               
               
                 Beeswax 
                 0.500-5.000 
               
               
                 Ozokerite Wax 
                 0.500-5.000 
               
               
                 Silica 
                 0.500-5.000 
               
               
                 Titanium Dioxide 
                  0.500-10.000 
               
               
                 Acrylates Copolymer (and) Silica 
                 0.500-8.000 
               
               
                 Fragrance 
                 0.300-2.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Magnesium Silicate 
                 0.200-5.000 
               
               
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 0.200-2.000 
               
               
                 Lauroyl Lysine 
                  0.050-10.000 
               
               
                   Aloe Barbadensis  Leaf Juice 
                 0.050-2.000 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Cream Bleach Formula E 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Component 
                 %(W/W) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Potassium Persulfate 
                 65.000-45.000 
               
               
                 Mineral oil (and) Ethylene/Propylene/Styrene 
                 50.000-23.700 
               
               
                 Copolymer (and) Butylene/Ethylene/Styrene Copolymer 
               
               
                 Mineral Oil 
                 25.000-7.000  
               
               
                 Sodium Persulfate 
                 2.000-5.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Metasilicate 
                 2.000-5.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Silicate 
                 2.000-5.000 
               
               
                 Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 
                 1.000-3.000 
               
               
                 Ethyl Hexyl Pelargonate 
                 0.500-2.000 
               
               
                 Magnesium Oxide 
                 0.200-1.000 
               
               
                 Beeswax 
                 0.200-0.500 
               
               
                 Ozokerite Wax 
                 0.200-0.500 
               
               
                 Silica 
                 0.100-0.500 
               
               
                 Titanium Dioxide 
                 0.100-0.500 
               
               
                 Acrylates Copolymer (and) Silica 
                 0.100-0.500 
               
               
                 Fragrance 
                 0.100-0.300 
               
               
                 Sodium Magnesium Silicate 
                 0.050-0.200 
               
               
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 0.100-0.200 
               
               
                 Lauroyl Lysine 
                 0.010-0.050 
               
               
                   Aloe Barbadensis  Leaf Juice 
                 0.010-0.050 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Cream Bleach Formula F 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Component 
                 %(W/W) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Potassium Persulfate 
                 10.000-70.000  
               
               
                 Mineral oil (and) Ethylene/Propylene/Styrene 
                 5.000-50.000 
               
               
                 Copolymer (and) Butylene/Ethylene/Styrene Copolymer 
               
               
                 Mineral Oil 
                 5.000-20.000 
               
               
                 Ammonium Persulfate 
                 5.000-20.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Persulfate 
                 5.000-65.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Metasilicate 
                 5.000-15.000 
               
               
                 Sodium Silicate 
                 5.000-20.000 
               
               
                 Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 
                 1.000-10.000 
               
               
                 C 12-15 Alkyl Benzoate 
                 1.000-10.000 
               
               
                 Magnesium Oxide 
                 1.000 
               
               
                 Beeswax 
                 0.500 
               
               
                 Ozokerite Wax 
                 0.500 
               
               
                 Silica 
                 0.500 
               
               
                 Titanium Dioxide 
                 0.500 
               
               
                 Acrylates Copolymer (and) Silica 
                 0.500 
               
               
                 Fragrance 
                 0.300 
               
               
                 Sodium Magnesium Silicate 
                 0.200 
               
               
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 0.200 
               
               
                 Lauroyl Lysine 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   Aloe Barbadensis  Leaf Juice 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     EXAMPLE 2 
     Stability 
     Cream bleach compositions were made and tested for their pH, active oxygen, viscosity, and stability (resistance to separation) over time. The following tables summarize the results (except where noted, viscosities are measured as is with spindle 7 @ 2.5 PRM): 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Stability Results for Cream Cream Bleach Formula A (pilot batch) 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 pH 
                   
                 Active 
                 Viscosity 
                 Viscosity 
                 Separation 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Environment 
                 Interval 
                 1% 
                 Alkalinity 
                 Oxygen 
                 Tube 
                 Jar 
                 Yes 
                 No 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Initial 
                 10.54 
                 1.10 
                 1.26 
                 421000 
                 421000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 40 deg. 
                 1 month 
                 10.36 
                 1.22 
                 2.71 
                 500000 
                 534000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 3 months 
                 10.47 
                 0.69 
                 2.12 
                 616000 
                 613000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.47 
                 0.96 
                 2.85 
                 686000 
                 774000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
               
               
                 RT 
                 1 month 
                 10.47 
                 1.46 
                 2.45 
                 429000 
                 483000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 3 months 
                 10.46 
                 1.12 
                 2.36 
                 478000 
                 546000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.43 
                 1.29 
                 2.59 
                 562000 
                 714000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
               
               
                 Ref 
                 1 month 
                 10.44 
                 1.33 
                 2.76 
                 454000 
                 488000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 3 months 
                 10.49 
                 0.87 
                 2.01 
                 469000 
                 426000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.54 
                 1.17 
                 2.88 
                 520000 
                 651000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
               
               
                 Freeze 
                 1 month 
                 10.40 
                 1.35 
                 2.91 
                 418000 
                 454000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 3 months 
                 10.66 
                 0.93 
                 2.44 
                 462000 
                 488000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.52 
                 1.22 
                 2.71 
                 459000 
                 646000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Stability Results for Cream Bleach Formula E 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Environ- 
                 pH 
                 Alka- 
                 Active 
                   
                 Separation 
               
             
          
           
               
                 ment 
                 Interval 
                 1% 
                 linity 
                 Oxygen 
                 Viscosity 
                 Yes 
                 No 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Initial 
                 11.25 
                 1.878 
                 2.696 
                 454000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 40 deg. 
                 3 months 
                 11.11 
                 1.61 
                 2.75 
                 440000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 11.25 
                 1.75 
                 2.60 
                 887000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 11.31 
                 1.66 
                 2.45 
                 805000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 11.11 
                 1.52 
                 2.31 
                 621000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 RT 
                 3 months 
                 10.99 
                 1.8 
                 2.70 
                 315000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 11.10 
                 1.82 
                 2.80 
                 669000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 11.11 
                 1.75 
                 2.79 
                 422000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.97 
                 1.74 
                 2.89 
                 472000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 Ref 
                 3 months 
                 11.25 
                 1.71 
                 2.60 
                 376000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 11.35 
                 1.85 
                 2.77 
                 674000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 11.52 
                 1.90 
                 2.65 
                 456000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 11.62 
                 2.02 
                 2.71 
                 555000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 Freeze 
                 3 months 
                 11.20 
                 1.88 
                 2.65 
                 398000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 11.10 
                 1.96 
                 2.7 
                 659000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 11.21 
                 1.95 
                 2.67 
                 416000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 11.29 
                 1.88 
                 2.66 
                 498000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Stability Results for Cream Bleach Formula A (lab batch) 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Environ- 
                 pH 
                 Alka- 
                 Active 
                   
                 Separation 
               
             
          
           
               
                 ment 
                 Interval 
                 1% 
                 linity 
                 Oxygen 
                 Viscosity 
                 Yes 
                 No 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Initial 
                 11.24 
                 1.933 
                 1.755 
                 478000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 40 deg. 
                 3 months 
                 11.10 
                 1.88 
                 2.15 
                 453000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 11.21 
                 1.78 
                 2.22 
                 887000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 11.01 
                 1.80 
                 2.45 
                 698000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.87 
                 1.79 
                 2.63 
                 725000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 RT 
                 3 months 
                 11.15 
                 1.99 
                 2.20 
                 429000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 11.0 
                 2.05 
                 2.21 
                 605000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 11.11 
                 1.95 
                 2.35 
                 451000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.94 
                 2.01 
                 2.44 
                 536000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 Ref 
                 3 months 
                 10.99 
                 2.10 
                 2.10 
                 366000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 11.10 
                 2.01 
                 2.25 
                 688000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 11.20 
                 1.90 
                 2.40 
                 482000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.89 
                 2.0 
                 2.65 
                 560000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 Freeze 
                 3 months 
                 11.25 
                 1.95 
                 2.15 
                 469000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 11.18 
                 2.10 
                 2.35 
                 656000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 11.05 
                 1.99 
                 2.65 
                 469000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.81 
                 1.89 
                 2.80 
                 613000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Stability Results for Cream Bleach Formula B 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Environ- 
                 pH 
                 Alka- 
                 Active 
                   
                 Separation 
               
             
          
           
               
                 ment 
                 Interval 
                 1% 
                 linity 
                 Oxygen 
                 Viscosity 
                 Yes 
                 No 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Initial 
                 11.24 
                 1.25 
                 2.44 
                 229000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 40 deg. 
                 3 months 
                 11.10 
                 1.30 
                 2.45 
                 160000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 11.01 
                 1.40 
                 2.55 
                 238000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 10.99 
                 1.45 
                 2.66 
                 259000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.85 
                 1.70 
                 2.59 
                 264000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 RT 
                 3 months 
                 10.95 
                 1.41 
                 2.50 
                 166000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.99 
                 1.55 
                 2.66 
                 235000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 11.10 
                 1.70 
                 2.71 
                 205000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.95 
                 2.0 
                 2.77 
                 190000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 Ref 
                 3 months 
                 11.11 
                 1.45 
                 2.65 
                 138000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.95 
                 1.50 
                 2.51 
                 234000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 10.95 
                 1.35 
                 2.44 
                 202000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.91 
                 1.28 
                 2.26 
                 198000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 Freeze 
                 3 months 
                 11.00 
                 1.40 
                 2.55 
                 197000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.95 
                 1.33 
                 2.56 
                 274000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 10.99 
                 1.50 
                 2.50 
                 204000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.90 
                 1.48 
                 2.70 
                 195000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Stability Results for Cream Bleach Formula C 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Environ- 
                 pH 
                 Alka- 
                 Active 
                   
                 Separation 
               
             
          
           
               
                 ment 
                 Interval 
                 1% 
                 linity 
                 Oxygen 
                 Viscosity 
                 Yes 
                 No 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Initial 
                 10.47 
                 1.176 
                 2.762 
                 163000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 40 deg. 
                 3 months 
                 10.57 
                 1.30 
                 2.70 
                 157000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.61 
                 1.45 
                 2.77 
                 248000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 10.75 
                 1.66 
                 2.71 
                 214000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.98 
                 1.90 
                 2.66 
                 222000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 RT 
                 3 months 
                 10.60 
                 1.25 
                 2.65 
                 112000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.65 
                 1.28 
                 2.69 
                 211000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 10.80 
                 1.35 
                 2.51 
                 189000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.89 
                 1.35 
                 2.40 
                 171000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 Ref 
                 3 months 
                 10.75 
                 1.25 
                 2.61 
                 141000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.70 
                 1.40 
                 2.55 
                 208000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 10.66 
                 1.44 
                 2.50 
                 202000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.80 
                 1.50 
                 2.53 
                 176000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 Freeze 
                 3 months 
                 10.70 
                 1.20 
                 2.66 
                 117000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.88 
                 1.35 
                 2.50 
                 198000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 10.89 
                 1.42 
                 2.66 
                 284000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 11.12 
                 1.43 
                 2.78 
                 163000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Stability Results for Cream Bleach Formula D 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Environ- 
                 pH 
                 Alka- 
                 Active 
                   
                 Separation 
               
             
          
           
               
                 ment 
                 Interval 
                 1% 
                 linity 
                 Oxygen 
                 Viscosity* 
                 Yes 
                 No 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Initial 
                 10.35 
                 1.017 
                 3.125 
                 213000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 40 deg. 
                 3 months 
                 10.25 
                 1.21 
                 3.0 
                 181000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.30 
                 1.32 
                 3.26 
                 204000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 10.31 
                 1.29 
                 3.10 
                 171000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.25 
                 1.35 
                 2.92 
                 193000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 RT 
                 3 months 
                 10.26 
                 1.15 
                 3.11 
                 152000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.30 
                 1.21 
                 2.95 
                 182000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 10.40 
                 1.20 
                 2.90 
                 165000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.39 
                 1.23 
                 2.80 
                 171000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 Ref 
                 3 months 
                 10.45 
                 1.25 
                 2.99 
                 156000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.60 
                 1.36 
                 2.85 
                 182000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 10.66 
                 1.45 
                 2.66 
                 182000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.89 
                 1.88 
                 2.68 
                 185000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                 Freeze 
                 3 months 
                 10.30 
                 1.26 
                 3.10 
                 170000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 6 months 
                 10.30 
                 1.21 
                 3.15 
                 189000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 9 months 
                 10.40 
                 1.11 
                 3.20 
                 182000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
                 1 year 
                 10.37 
                 1.16 
                 3.06 
                 169000 
                   
                 X 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 *Viscosity is measured as is with spindle 6 @ 2.5 RPM. 
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Although certain presently preferred embodiments of the invention have been specifically described herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains that variations and modifications of the various embodiments shown and described herein may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that the invention be limited only to the extent required by the appended claims and the applicable rules of law.