Abstract:
A veneer anchoring system discloses a low-profile wall tie for use in a wall having an inner wythe and an outer facing wythe. The wythes are in a spaced apart relationship and form a cavity therebetween. A combination of a wall anchor and a low-profile wall tie member is provided. The veneer anchoring systems hereof incorporate low-profile wall ties adapted for use with a dry-wall inner wythe and for use with a masonry block inner wythe. The masonry anchor has a truss portion with eye wire extensions welded thereto. The eye wires extend into the cavity between the wythes. Each eye wires accommodates the threading thereonto of a wire wall tie through the open end of the wall tie. The wall tie is then positioned so that the open end is utilizable as part of the facing wall tie. The masonry anchor is embedded in a bed joint of the interior wythe. The facing wythe is anchored by mounting in bed joints of the exterior wythe the open end of the low-profile wire formative wall tie. The low-profile permits the mortar of the bed joint to flow over and about the insertion end of the wall tie and secure the tie to the outer wythe. Where the inner wythe is a dry wall construct, a dry wall anchor, which is a stamped metal unit, is attached by sheetmetal screws to the metal vertical channel members of the wall.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates to an improved wall tie for a veneer anchoring system for use in conjunction with a wall structure having an inner wythe and an outer wythe, and, more particularly, to construction techniques for embedding low profile wire formatives in the bed joints of the inner and outer wythes having an interlocking arrangement between the wall tie and an inner wythe anchor. One aspect of the invention is to provide the anchoring of an outer wythe of brick or masonry veneer to an inner wythe of masonry block or drywall construction. 
     2. Description of the Prior Act 
     In the past, the use of wire formatives have been limited by the mortar layer thicknesses which, in turn are dictated either by the new building specifications or by pre-existing conditions, e.g. matching during renovations or additions the existing mortar layer thickness. While arguments have been made for increasing the number of the fine-wire anchors per unit area of the facing layer, architects and architectural engineers have favored wire formative anchors of sturdier wire. On the other hand, contractors find that heavy-wire anchors, with greater diameters, frequently result in misalignment and look towards substituting thinner gage wire formatives. Such substitution thereby facilitating alignment of courses. 
     In the past, there have been investigations relating to the effects of various forces, particularly lateral forces, upon brick veneer construction having wire formative anchors embedded in the mortar joint of anchored veneer walls. The seismic aspect of these investigations were referenced in the first-named inventor&#39;s prior patent, namely U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,875,319 and 5,408,798. Besides earthquake protection, the failure of several high-rise buildings to withstand wind and other lateral forces has resulted in the incorporation of a requirement for continuous wire reinforcement in the Uniform Building Code provisions. The first-named inventor&#39;s related Seismiclip R  and DW-10-X R  products (manufactured by Hohmann &amp; Barnard, Inc., Hauppauge, N.Y. 11788) have become widely accepted in the industry. The use of a wire formative anchors in masonry veneer walls has also demonstrated protectiveness against problems arising from thermal expansion and contraction and has improved the uniformity of the distribution of lateral forces in a structure. However, these investigations do not address the mortar layer thickness vs. the wire diameter of the wire formative or technical problems arising therefrom. 
     The following patents are believed to be relevant and are disclosed as being known to the inventor hereof: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Patent 
                 Inventor 
                 Issue Date 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 3,377,764 
                 Storch 
                 04/16/1968 
               
               
                 4,021,990 
                 Schwalberg 
                 05/10/1977 
               
               
                 4,373,314 
                 Allan 
                 02/15/1983 
               
               
                 4,473,984 
                 Lopez 
                 10/02/1984 
               
               
                 4,869,038 
                 Catani 
                 09/26/1989 
               
               
                 4,875,319 
                 Hohmann 
                 10/24/1989 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     It is noted that these devices are generally descriptive of wire-to-wire anchors and wall ties and have various cooperative functional relationships with straight wire runs embedded in the interior and/or exterior wythe. Several of the prior art items are of the pintle and eyelet/loop variety. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,377,764—D. Storch—Issued Apr. 16, 1968 
     Discloses a bent wire, tie-type anchor for embedment in a facing exterior wythe engaging with a loop attached to a straight wire run in a backup interior wythe. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,021,990—B. J. Schwalberg—Issued May 10, 1977 
     Discloses a dry wall construction system for anchoring a facing veneer to wallboard/metal stud construction with a pronged sheet-metal anchor. Like Storch &#39;764, the wall tie is embedded in the exterior wythe and is not attached to a straight wire run. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,373,314—J. A. Allan—Issued Feb. 15, 1983 
     Discloses a vertical angle iron with one leg adapted for attachment to a stud; and the other having elongated slots to accommodate wall ties. Insulation is applied between projecting vertical legs of adjacent angle irons with slots being spaced away from the stud to avoid the insulation. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4.473.984—Lopez—Issued Oct. 2, 1984 
     Discloses a curtain-wall masonry anchor system wherein a wall tie is attached to the inner wythe by a self-tapping screw to a metal stud and to the outer wythe by embedment in a corresponding bed joint. The stud is applied through a hole cut into the insulation. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,869,038—M. J. Catani—Issued Sep. 26, 1989 
     Discloses a veneer wall anchor system having in the interior wythe a truss-type anchor, similar to Hala et al. &#39;226, supra, but with horizontal sheetmetal extensions. The extensions are interlocked with bent wire pintle-type wall ties that are embedded within the exterior wythe. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,879,319—R. Hohmann—Issued Oct. 24, 1989 
     Discloses a seismic construction system for anchoring a facing veneer to wallboard/metal stud construction with a pronged sheet-metal anchor. Wall tie is distinguished over that of Schwalberg &#39;990 and is clipped onto a straight wire run. 
     None of the above provide the masonry construction system for an inner masonry wythe and an outer facing wythe with low-profile wire formative wall ties as described hereinbelow. 
     SUMMARY 
     In general terms, the invention disclosed hereby includes a veneer anchoring system incorporating a low-profile wall tie for use in the construction of a wall having an inner wythe and an outer facing wythe. The wythes are in a spaced apart relationship and form a cavity therebetween. In the first two embodiements disclosed, a unique combination of a wall anchor and a low-profile wall tie member is provided. The invention contemplates that the primary components of the system are reinforcing wire and wire formatives, such as truss reinforcement or ladder mesh reinforcements, providing wire-to-wire connections therebetween. 
     In third embodiment, the invention disclosed hereby includes a veneer anchoring system incorporating a low-profile wall tie for use in the construction of a wall having an inner dry-wall wythe and an outer facing wythe. The wythes are in a spaced apart relationship and form a cavity therebetween. In this embodiment, a unique combination of a wall anchor and, a low-profile wall tie member is provided. The invention contemplates that the primary components of the system are veneer anchors, as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,021,990 and 4,598,518 and wire formative wall ties providing a positive interlocking connection therebetween. 
     In the mode of practicing the invention, wherein the inner wythe is constructed from a masonry block material, the masonry anchor has, for example, a truss portion with eye wire extensions welded thereto. The eye wires extend into the cavity between the wythes. Each eye wires accommodates the threading thereonto of a wire wall tie through the open end of the wall tie. The wall tie is then positioned so that the open end is utilizable as part of the facing wall tie. The masonry anchor is embedded in a bed joint of the interior wythe. The facing wythe is anchored by mounting in bed joints of the exterior wythe the open end of the low-profile wire formative wall tie. The low-profile permits the mortar of the bed joint to flow over and about the insertion end of the wall tie and secure the tie to the outer wythe. Because the eye wires have sealed eyelets and the open ends of the wall ties are sealed in the joints of the exterior wythes, a positive interengagement results. 
     In the mode of practicing the invention, wherein the inner wythe is a dry wall construct, a dry wall anchor, which is a stamped metal unit, is attached by sheetmetal screws to the metal vertical channel members of the wall. Each wall anchor accommodates in an opening therethrough the threading of a low-profile wire formative wall tie. As in the case of the masonry inner wythe, the open end of the wall tie is then positioned so that the open end is utilizable as part of the insertion end of the facing wall tie. The facing wall tie has a compressibly reduced in height and is mounted along the exterior wythe to receive the open end of wire wall tie with each leg thereof being placed adjacent one side of reinforcement wire. The low-profile of the facing wall tie is embedded in a bed joint of the exterior wythe. Because the dry wall anchor opening is a closed loop and the open ends of the wall ties are sealed in the joints of the exterior wythes, a positive interengagement results. 
     OBJECTS AND FEATURES OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide in a wall structure having a facing wythe and a inner wythe, a veneer anchor system which employs a low-profile wire formative in the mortar joint of the facing wythe and is positively interconnected with a wall anchor attached to the inner wythe. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide labor-saving devices to aid in the installation of brick and stone veneer and the securement thereof to an inner wythe. 
     It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a low-profile anchor system which ties to the continuous wire reinforcement of the inner wythe in a manner such that the mortar layer thickness in the facing wythe is readily maintainable. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide a low-profile anchor system comprising a limited number of component parts that are economical of manufacture resulting in a relatively low unit cost. 
     It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a veneer anchor system which is easy to install and is highly resistant to being pulled out of the mortar layer. 
     It is a feature of the present invention that the portion of the wall tie embedded in the joint of the facing wythe has a pattern impressed thereon. 
     It is another feature of the present invention that the wall tie is dimensioned with a sufficiently low profile so that, when inserted into the mortar layer, the mortar thereof can flow around and into the low-profile wall tie. 
     Other objects and features of the invention will become apparent upon review of the drawings and the detailed description. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     In the following drawings, the same parts in the various views are afforded the same reference designators. 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a low-profile, wall tie of this invention and shows a wall with an interior wythe of masonry block and an exterior wythe of brick, with selected aligned bed joints and utilizing aforesaid wall tie; 
     FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of FIG. 1 showing the wall anchor and the low-profile, wall tie; 
     FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of the wall tie of FIG. 2 showing the corrugated pattern thereof; 
     FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a low-profile wall tie, similar to FIG. 1, but employing a ladder-type reinforcement in the interior wythe and a low-profile, rectangular pintle wall tie in the exterior wythe without aligned bed joints; 
     FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of FIG. 4 showing a portion of the wall anchor and the low-profile wall tie; 
     FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of the wall tie of FIG. 5 showing the cellular pattern thereof; 
     FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of a low-profile wall tie, similar to FIG. 1, but employing a dry wall anchor in the interior wythe and a low-profile, V-type wall tie; 
     FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view of the wall tie of FIG. 7 showing the dry wall anchor and a low-profile, V-type wall tie; and, 
     FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of FIG. 8 showing the raised diamond non-slip pattern thereof. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Referring now to FIGS. 1 to  3 , the first embodiment of a low-profile wall tie device of this invention is shown and is referred to generally by the numeral  10 . In this embodiment, a wall structure  12  is shown having an interior wythe  14  of masonry blocks  16  and an exterior wythe  18  of facing brick  20 . Between the interior wythe  14  and the exterior wythe  18 , a cavity  22  is formed. In the first embodiment, successive bed joints  24  and  26  are formed between courses of blocks  16  and the joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. Also, successive bed joints  28  and  30  are formed between courses of bricks  20  and the joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. For each structure, the bed joints  24 ,  26 ,  28  and  30  are specified as to the height or thickness of the mortar layer and such thickness specification is rigorously adhered to so as to provide the uniformity inherent in quality construction. Selected bed joint  24  and bed joint  28  are constructed to align, that is to be substantially coplanar, the one with the other. For purposes of discussion, the exterior surface  32  of the interior wythe  14  contains a horizontal line or x-axis  34  and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis  36 . A horizontal line or z-axis  38  also passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. In the discussion which follows, it will be seen that the various anchor structures are constructed to restrict movement interfacially—wythe vs. wythe—along the z-axis and, in this embodiment, along the y-axis. The system  10  includes a masonry anchor  40  constructed for embedment in bed joint  24  and a facing anchor  42  constructed for embedment in bed joint  28 , including a low-profile, wire formative wall tie member  44 . 
     The masonry anchor  40  is shown in FIG. 1 as being emplaced on a course of blocks  16  in preparation for embedment in the mortar of bed joint  24 . In the best mode of practicing the invention, a truss or reinforcement wire portion  46  is constructed of a wire formative with two parallel continuous straight wire members  48  and  50  spaced so as, upon installation, to each be centered along the outer walls of the masonry blocks  16 . An intermediate wire body or wire  52  is interposed therebetween and connects wire members  48  and  50  forming chord-like portions of the truss  46 . At intervals along the truss  46 , spaced pairs of transverse wire members  54  are attached thereto and are attached to each other by a rear leg  56  therebetween. These pairs of wire members  54  extend into the cavity  22 . As will become clear by the description which follows, the spacing therebetween is constructed to limit the x-axis movement of the construct. Each transverse wire member  54  has at the end opposite the attachment end an eye wire portion  58  formed continuous therewith. A sheetmetal loop is an alternative construction in lieu of eye wires shown in the best mode; however, the wire formative has been found to be structurally superior. Upon installation, the eye  60  of eye wire portion  58  is constructed to be within a substantially vertical plane normal to exterior surface  32 . The eye  60  is dimensioned to accept a wall tie threadedly therethrough and is thus slightly larger than the diameter of the tie. This relationship minimizes the y- and z-axis movement of the construct. For positive engagement, the eye  60  of eye wire portion  58  is sealed forming a closed loop. 
     The wall tie  44  is generally rectangular in shape and is dimensioned to be accommodated by a pair of eye wires  58  previously described. The wall tie  44  has a rear leg portion  62 , two parallel side leg portions  64  and  66 , and two front leg portions  68  and  70 . The front leg portions  68  and  70  are spaced apart at least by the diameter of the wire member  54 . An insertion portion  72  of wall tie  44 , upon installation, extends beyond cavity  22  into bed joint  28 , which portion includes front leg portions  68  and  70  and part of side leg portions  64  and  66  adjacent to front leg portions  68  and  70 . The longitudinal axes of leg portions  62 ,  64 ,  66 ,  68  and  70  are substantially coplanar. The side leg portions  64  and  66  are structured to function cooperatively with the spacing of transverse wire members  54  to limit the x-axis movement of the construct. 
     The insertion portion  72  is considerably compressed and, while maintaining the same mass of material per linear unit as the adjacent wire formative, the vertical height  74  is reduced. The insertion end of the facing wall tie is a wire formative formed from a wire having a diameter substantially equal to the predetermined height of the mortar joint. Upon compressible reduction in height, the insertion end of the facing wall tie is mounted upon the exterior wythe positioned to receive mortar thereabout. The insertion end of the facing wall tie, usually the open end of wire wall tie, retains the mass and substantially the tensile strength as prior to deformation. The vertical height  74  of insertion portion  72  is reduced so that, upon installation, mortar of bed joint  28  flows around the insertion portion  72 . Upon compression, a pattern or corrugation  76  is impressed on insertion portion  72  and, upon the mortar of bed joint  28  flowing around the insertion portion, the mortar flows into the corrugations  76 . For enhanced holding, the corrugations  76  are, upon installation, substantially parallel to x-axis  34 . In this embodiment, the pattern  76  is shown impressed on only one side thereof; however, it is within the contemplation of this disclosure that corrugations or other patterning could be impressed on other surfaces of the insertion portion  72 . With wall tie  44  constructed as described, the wall tie is characterized by maintaining substantially all the tensile strength as prior to compression while acquiring a desired low profile. 
     The description which follows is of a second embodiment of the low-profile wall tie device. For ease of comprehension, where similar parts are used reference designators “100”, units higher are employed. Thus, the wall tie  144  of the second embodiment is analogous to the wall tie  44  of the first embodiment. Referring now to FIGS. 4 to  6 , the second embodiment of a masonry construction system of this invention is shown and is referred to generally by the numeral  110 . As in the first embodiment, a wall structure  112  is shown having an interior wythe  114  of masonry blocks  116  and an exterior wythe  118  of facing brick  120 . Between the interior wythe  114  and the exterior wythe  118 , a cavity  122  is formed. Successive bed joints  124  and  126  are formed between courses of blocks  116  and the joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. Also, successive bed joints  128  and  130  are formed between courses of bricks  120  and the joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. Selected bed joint  124  and bed joint  128  are constructed to be interconnected utilizing the construct hereof; however, the joints  124  and  128  are unaligned. For purposes of discussion, the exterior surface  132  of the interior wythe  114  contains a horizontal line or x-axis  134  and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis  136 . A horizontal line or z-axis  138  also passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. The system  110  includes a masonry anchor  140  constructed for embedment in bed joint  124  and, a facing anchor  142  constructed for embedment in bed joint  128 , including a low-profile wall tie member  144 . 
     The masonry anchor  140  is shown in FIG. 4 as being emplaced on a course of blocks  116  in preparation for embedment in the mortar of bed joint  124 . In this embodiment, a ladder type reinforcement wire portion  146  is constructed of a wire formative with two parallel continuous straight wire members  148  and  150  spaced so as, upon installation, to each be centered along the outer walls of the masonry blocks  116 . An intermediate wire body or a plurality of wires  152  are interposed therebetween and connect wire members  148  and  150  forming rung-like portions of the ladder-type reinforcement  146 . At intervals along the ladder-type reinforcement  146 , spaced pairs of transverse wire members  154  are attached thereto and are attached to each other by a rear leg  156  therebetween. These pairs of wire members  154  extend into the cavity  122 . The spacing therebetween limits the x-axis movement of the construct. Each transverse wire member  154  has at the end opposite the attachment end an eye wire portion  158  formed continuous therewith. Upon installation, the eyes  160  of eye wire portion  158  are constructed to be within a substantially horizontal plane normal to exterior surface  132 . The eyes  160  are horizontally aligned to accept the pintles of a wall tie threaded therethrough from the unaligned bed joint. The eyes  160  are slightly larger than the diameter of the pintles, which dimensional relationships minimize the x- and z-axis movement of the construct. For ensuring engagement, the pintles of wall tie member  144  are available in a variety of lengths. 
     The low-profile wall tie or wire formative wall tie  144  is, when viewed from a top or bottom elevation, generally U-shaped and is, when viewed from right or left side elevation, is generally L-shaped. The low-profile wall tie  144  is dimensioned to be accommodated by a pair of eye wire portions  158  described, supra. The wall tie  144  has two rear leg portions or pintles  162  and  164 , two parallel side leg portions  166  and  168 , which are substantially at right angles and attached to the rear leg portions  162  and  164 , respectively, and a front leg portion  170 . An insertion portion  172  of wall tie  144 , upon installation extends beyond the cavity  122  into bed joint  128 , which portion includes front leg portion  170  and part of side leg portions  166  and  168 . The longitudinal axes of side leg portions  166  and  168  and the longitudinal axis of the contiguous portions of the front leg portion  170  are substantially coplanar. An insertion portion  172  of wall tie  144 , upon installation extends beyond the cavity  122  into bed joint  128 , which portion includes front leg portion  170  and part of side leg portions  166  and  168 . 
     The insertion portion  172  is considerably compressed and, while maintaining the same mass of material per linear unit as the adjacent wire formative, the vertical height  174  is reduced. The vertical height  174  of insertion portion  172  is reduced so that, upon installation, mortar of bed joint  128  flows around the insertion portion  172 . Upon compression, a pattern or waffle-like, cellular structure  176  is impressed on insertion portion  172  and, upon the mortar of bed joint  128  flowing around the insertion portion, the mortar flows into the cells  176 . For enhanced holding, the cells  176  are impressed on both sides of the insertion portion  172 ; however, it is within the contemplation of this disclosure that cells or other patterning could be impressed on only one surface of the insertion portion  172 . With wall tie  144  constructed as described, the wall tie is characterized by maintaining substantially all the tensile strength as prior to compression while acquiring a desired low profile. 
     The description which follows is of a third embodiment of the masonry construction system. For ease of comprehension, where similar parts are used reference designators “200” units higher are employed. Thus, the wall tie  244  of the third embodiment is analogous to the wall tie  44  of the first embodiment. 
     Referring now to FIGS. 7 to  9 , the third embodiment of the low-profile wall tie device is shown and is referred to generally by the numeral  210 . The veneer anchoring system  210  employs the pronged veneer anchor construction first described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,598,518 and marketed by Hohmann and Barnard, Inc., Hauppauge, N.Y. 11788 under the trademark “DW-10-X”. The dry wall structure  212  is shown having an interior wythe  214  with a wallboard  216  as the interior and exterior facings thereof. An exterior wythe  218  of facing brick  220  is attached to dry wall structure  212  and a cavity  222  is formed therebetween. The dry wall structure  212  is constructed to include, besides the wallboard facings  216 , vertical channels  224  with insulation layer  226  disposed between adjacent channel members  224 . The insulation layer  226  may optionally be mounted on the exterior surface of dry wall structure  212 . Selected bed joints  228  and  230  are constructed to be in cooperative functional relationship with the wall anchor described in more detail below. For purposes of discussion, the exterior surface  232  of the interior wythe  214  contains a horizontal line or x-axis  234  and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis  236 . A horizontal line or z-axis  238  also passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. The system  210  includes a dry wall anchor  240  constructed for attachment to vertical channel members  224  and, a wall tie member  244 . 
     Reference is now directed to the construction of the wall anchor or pronged veneer anchor  240  comprising a backing plate member  246  and a projecting bar portion  248 . The projecting bar portion  248  is punched-out from the central portion of the stock plate member  246  so as to result in a centrally disposed aperture and, when viewed from the side elevation, a wall-tie-receiving slot  250 . The aperture is substantially rectangular configuration and is formed in the plate member  246 . The projecting bar portion  248  is thus disposed in substantially parallel relationship with respect to the plate member  246 ; however, the upper and lower ends of the projecting bar portion  248  are slightly angled to permit the full projection of the bar portion  248  with respect to the plate member  246 . Secured to the upper and lower ends of the plate member  246  in a substantially perpendicular relationship are pronged end members  252  which are bifurcated to form prong portions or prongs  254 . It is within the present invention to have the end members  252  formed with a single prong; however, for structural purposes of the bifurcated construction is preferred. The plate member  246  is also provided with bores  256  at the upper and lower ends thereof, the purpose and function of which will be discussed in more detail hereinbelow. As is best seen in FIG. 8, the projecting bar portion  248  is sufficiently spaced from the plate member  246  so as to form a slot  250  therebetween which is adapted to receive the wall tie  244  therewithin. In the fabrication of the dry wall as the inner wythe of this construction system  210 , the channel members  224  are initially secured in place. In this regard, the channel members  224  may also comprise the standard framing members of a building. Sheets of exterior wallboard  216 , which may be of an exterior grade gypsum board, are positioned in abutting relationship with the forward flange  258  of the channel member  224 . While the insulating layer has herein been described as comprising a gypsum board, it is to be noted that any similarly suited rigid or flexible insulating material may be used herein with substantially equal efficacy. After the initial placement of the flexible insulation layer  226  and the wallboard  216 , the veneer anchors  240  are secured to the surface of the wallboard  216  in front of channel members  224  by forcing the prongs  254  therein until the prongs  254  abuttingly engage the front flange  258  of the channel members  224 . Thereafter, sheetmetal screws  260  are inserted into the bores  256  to fasten the anchor  240  to the flange  258  and to channel member  224 . 
     The wall tie  244  is substantially a truncated triangularly shaped member and is dimensioned to be accommodated within slot  250  previously described. The wall tie  244  has a rear leg portion  262 , two divergent side leg portions  264  and  266 , and two parallel front leg portions  268  and  270 . To facilitate installation, the front leg portions  268  and  270  are spaced apart at least by the thickness of the projecting bar portion  248 . The longitudinal axes of leg portions  262 ,  264 ,  266 ,  268  and  270  are substantially coplanar. The side leg portions  264  and  266  are structured to function cooperatively with the width of the projecting bar portion  248  to limit the x- and z-axis movement of the construct. An insertion portion  272  of wall tie  244 , upon installation, extends beyond the cavity  222  into bed joint  228 , which portion includes the front leg portions  268  and  270  and part of side leg portions  264  and  266 . 
     The insertion portion  272  is considerably compressed and, while maintaining the same mass of material per linear unit as the adjacent wire formative, the vertical height  274  is reduced. The vertical height  274  of insertion portion  272  is reduced so that, upon installation, mortar of bed joint  228  flows around the insertion portion  272 . Upon compression, a raised diamond, non-slip pattern  276  is impressed on insertion portion  272  and, upon the mortar of bed joint  228  flowing around the insertion portion, the mortar flows into the interstices diamond pattern  176  between the raised diamonds of the pattern  276 . For enhanced holding, the raised diamond pattern is shown on both sides thereof; however, it is within the contemplation of this disclosure that other patterning could be fashioned into the surfaces of the insertion portion  272 . With wall tie  244  constructed as described, the wall tie is characterized by maintaining substantially all the tensile strength as prior to compression while acquiring a desired low profile. 
     Because many varying and different embodiments may be made within the scope of the inventive concept herein taught, and because many modifications may be made in the embodiments herein detailed in accordance with the descriptive requirement of the law, it is to be understood that the details herein are to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.