Abstract:
A method and system of delivering a Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) message is disclosed. In one example, the method includes providing a storage location and time duration for outside content to be indirectly referenced by an MMS message. Receiving and storing the outside content via a transport network is also disclosed. The method may include encapsulating an MMS message in a payload of a transport message with the MMS message indirectly referencing the storage location of the outside content. Delivery of the transport message may occur over a transport network. Confirming receipt of the transport message is also disclosed.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/510,654 filed Oct. 13, 2003, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/920,850, filed on Aug. 18, 2004, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Data transfer, including wireless and wireline messaging, is a service that has become increasingly important to subscribers. Existing service providers, such as providers of wireless and wireline voice services, as well as companies catering specifically to wireless data needs, provide data services and plans. Some subscribers may obtain a data package that is part of a total package that may include wireless voice services and other services. Other subscribers, for example those using a personal digital assistant (PDA) that is not equipped to accept voice calls, may require only wireless data services. 
     Existing networks allow users of devices such as wireless phones, two way pagers, and computers to exchange simple text based messages with other subscribers and, in some cases, with users who may not be a part of the same network or who may only have access to traditionally land-based services such as email. The complexity of the type of messages being sent, as well as the content of the messages, has increased as the sophistication of the networks has increased. For example, newer wireless and wireline networks generally provide support for the exchange of photographs and multimedia presentations between wireless users and between wireless users and wireline users. 
     Networking and wireless standards have been developed to provide functionality for multimedia capable devices and to allow interaction between the new devices and legacy devices and systems. For example, application servers have been introduced into networks under the 3GPP2 and 3GPP standards, such as internet protocol (IP) multimedia subsystem (IMS) based networks, to support multimedia applications and communications. However, despite these developments, existing standards and technologies have failed to adequately address all of the technology needs brought on by the data transfer requirements of the multimedia capable devices. 
     SUMMARY 
     In one embodiment, the present disclosure introduces a method for communicating using a Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) over a Session Initiated Protocol (SIP) based network. The method includes receiving a first SIP message request over the SIP based network, and sending a first SIP message response over the SIP based network. The method also includes processing a message payload of the first SIP message request. The message payload may contain MMS content. The method may also include determining that the message payload contains a universal resource indicator (URI) which provides an indirect reference to content outside the SIP message. The method may include accessing the outside content from a predetermined location indicated by the URI. 
     In another embodiment, the present disclosure introduces a method of delivering an MMS message that includes providing a storage location and duration for outside content to be indirectly referenced by an MMS message. The outside content may be received from a transport network and stored. An MMS message may be encapsulated in a payload of a transport message, and the MMS message may indirectly reference the storage location of the outside content. The transport message may be delivered over the transport network and confirmation of receipt of the transport message may be sent. 
     An embodiment of a system for delivery of MMS message is also disclosed. The system may comprise a user agent configured to send and receive Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (MIME) encoded MMS messages over a transport network in a payload of a transport message. The system may also include an MMS Relay/Server configured to send and receive MIME encoded MMS messages over the transport network in a payload of a transport message. The user agent and the MMS Relay/Server may each be configured to provide a confirmation of receipt of a transport message. The MMS Relay/Server may also be configured to provide a storage location for content indirectly referenced by an MMS message that is encapsulated in a transport message when the MMS message is greater than a predetermined size. 
     The foregoing has outlined features of several embodiments so that those skilled in the art may better understand the detailed description that follows. Additional features will be described below that may further form the subject of the claims herein. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the present disclosure as a basis for designing or modifying other processes and structures for carrying out the same purposes and/or achieving the same advantages of the embodiments introduced herein. Those skilled in the art should also realize that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a message flow chart corresponding to one embodiment of a method of transporting Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) messages over a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) based network. 
         FIG. 2  is a block diagram of one embodiment of an SIP message with an MMS message payload. 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram of another embodiment of an SIP message with an MMS message payload. 
         FIG. 4  is a message flow chart corresponding to a method for determining a storage location for content indirectly referenced in an MMS message. 
         FIG. 5  is a message flow chart corresponding to a method for placing multimedia content onto an MMS Relay/Server. 
         FIG. 6  is a flow chart illustrating another embodiment of a method for transporting MMS messages on an SIP based network. 
         FIG. 7  illustrates a block diagram of one embodiment of a wireless network within which aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     It is to be understood that the following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of various embodiments. Specific examples of components and arrangements are described below to simplify the present disclosure. These are, of course, merely examples and are not intended to be limiting. In addition, the present disclosure may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. 
     The present disclosure is related to, and hereby incorporates, MMS MM1 Stage 3 Using SIP, available at http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/specs/under the document name X.S0016-312-0 v1.0. However, it is understood that the present disclosure may be applied to any application server (AS) operating in an internet protocol (IP) multimedia subsystem (IMS) network as defined, for example, under the 3GPP and 3GPP2 standards. For purposes of illustration, the present disclosure frequently uses the Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) standard as a particular example of a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) AS, but it is understood that the disclosure is not limited to MMS and may be applied to other SIP application servers, as well as other IMS application servers. Furthermore, as SIP may be used to provide a transport layer-independent way to exchange data and provide other services, such as voice or phone services, the present disclosure is equally applicable to both wireless and wireline services. Accordingly, while SIP and MMS specific messages and message sequences are described in the following examples, it is understood that they may be replaced by other messages and message sequences for implementations involving other technologies. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , a message flow chart corresponding to one embodiment of a method of transporting Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) messages over a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) network is illustrated. A Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) User Agent (UA)  102  is shown in communication with an MMS Relay/Server  106 . It is understood that the MMS UA  102  may not be in direct communication with the MMS Relay/Server  106 , as other network components may interpose the MMS UA  102  and the MMS Relay/Server  106 . 
     The MMS UA  102  (which may be viewed as an MMS implementation of an Application User Agent (AUA) for any wireless or wireline IMS user) enables a wireless user to access MMS services. The MMS UA  102  may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or another suitable medium and may reside on a wireless mobile device. A wireless mobile device may include a mobile phone or other wireless-enabled devices, such as a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a personal computer, an automobile, or a two-way paging device, for example. Other devices on which an MMS UA  102  may reside include workstations, servers, a network node, or other network, computer, or telecommunications systems or components. In some embodiments, the MMS UA  102  may communicate directly with the MMS Relay/Server  106 . In some embodiments, for example where the MMS UA  102  resides on a wireless mobile device, there may be interposing structures and equipment, as explained in greater detail below. 
     The MMS UA  102  may communicate with the MMS Relay/Server  106  via a transport network. The transport network may include all or portions of wireless or wireline phone networks, distributed networks such as the Internet, wide area networks (WANs), local area networks (LANs), and/or other communications networks. In one embodiment, the MMS UA  102  and the MMS Relay/Server  106  communicate over an SIP-based network In some embodiments, there may be additional SIP devices or nodes associated with the SIP Relay/Server  106 , such as an SIP registrar (not shown), an SIP proxy server (not shown), or an SIP redirect server (not shown). The SIP network itself may implemented independently of the transport layer, which may be based on Internet Protocol (IP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), and/or other standards. The SIP-based network may be implemented as a public network (e.g., the Internet), as a private network (e.g., an intranet), or as a combination of public and private networks. 
     The MMS Relay/Server  106  may provide multimedia messaging services to the MMS UA  102 . In some embodiments, an SIP Proxy (not shown) may serve to relay information from the MMS Relay/Server  106  to the MMS UA  102 . The MMS Relay/Server  106  may either act as a server and route MMS messages from one MMS UA to another, or may act as a relay, possibly in communication with other MMS Relay/Servers, to provide messaging or other services over an SIP based network. 
     In operation, a multimedia message may be sent via one or more SIP messages as shown by the MM1_submit.REQ label  110  of  FIG. 1 . An SIP message request  112  may be sent from the MMS UA  102  to the MMS Relay/Server  106  over the SIP network. The SIP message request  112  may contain an embedded or encapsulated MMS message as will be described in greater detail below. Upon receiving the SIP message request  112 , the MMS Relay/Server  106  may confirm receipt of the SIP message request  112  by sending an SIP message response  114  back to the MMS UA  102 . The response  114  may be an SIP “200 OK” message, for example. A confirmation of receipt of the MMS message, shown by MM1_submit.RES label  120 , may be sent from the MMS Relay/Server to the MMS UA  102  through another series of SIP messages. An SIP message request  122  containing the MMS confirmation may be sent to the MMS UA  102  from the MMS Relay/Server  106 , followed by an SIP response  124  from the MMS UA  102  to the MMS Relay/Server  106 . As before, the SIP response  124  may be an SIP “200 OK” response or other suitable SIP response. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , a block diagram of one embodiment of an SIP message  200  with an MMS message payload is shown. The SIP message  200  is one embodiment of message  112  of  FIG. 1 . The SIP message  200  may contain an SIP header  210 . The SIP message may also contain a payload  212 , which may encapsulate the MMS data. The payload  212  may be encoded in Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (MIME) multipart/related format, or another suitable format. Additionally, the payload may contain multiple parts. For example, the MMS content or payload  212  may have a header field  220  and a data field  225 . The header field  220  may specify information concerning the encapsulated MMS message, such as the content type. More information concerning the MMS format may be found in the document, OMA-WAP-ENC-V1.1 Multimedia Messaging Service; Encapsulation Protocol, available at http://www.openmobilealliance.org/, which is hereby incorporated by reference. 
     As denoted by block  225  of  FIG. 2 , the payload  212  may also contain the actual content of the MMS message  225  or an indirect reference to the content, which may be located elsewhere on the network. When the MMS message  212  is processed by the MMS Relay/Server  106 , the reference to the MMS content may be through the use of a Uniform Resource Indicator (URI) or by other suitable means. Allocation of a URI for MMS content by the MMS Relay/Server  106  will be described in greater detail below. 
     Referring to  FIG. 3 , a block diagram of another embodiment of an SIP message  300  with an MMS message payload is illustrated. The SIP message  300  illustrates one embodiment of the SIP message request  122  of  FIG. 1 . The SIP message  300  may contain an SIP header  310 , as before. The payload of the SIP message  300  may be an encapsulated MMS message  322 , which may be encoded in MIME or another format. The actual content  322  of the MMS message may be an MMS message confirmation. This confirmation could be in response to the MMS message  212  of  FIG. 2 , which may be the payload of the original SIP message request  112  of  FIG. 1 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 4 , a message flow chart  400  corresponding to a method for determining a storage location for content indirectly referenced in an MMS message is illustrated. As stated previously, an MMS message may indirectly reference message content via a URI or other addressing method. The methods shown in  FIGS. 4-5  for requesting storage and placing content, respectively, may need to be performed before the procedure for sending an MMS message (as shown in  FIG. 1 ) to ensure that the referenced MMS content is available at the MMS Relay/Server. The maximum size of the MMS message itself (without indirect referencing) may be limited by the provider of the transport network or other constraints. For example, the maximum size of an MMS message may be 1300 bytes. 
     In a case where the MMS message provides an indirect reference, the MMS UA  402 , which may be similar to the MMS UA  102  of  FIG. 1 , may send an SIP message request  410  to the MMS Relay/Server  406 , which may be similar to the MMS Relay/Server  106  of  FIG. 1 . The SIP message request  410  may request a particular storage size and minimum length of time that the storage location is reserved for the MMS content for example. The MMS Relay/Server  406  may respond to the MMS UA  102  by an SIP response message  412 , which may indicate a storage location for the MMS content and the minimum amount of time reserved for storage. 
     Referring to  FIG. 5 , a message flow chart corresponding to a method  500  for placing multimedia content onto an MMS Relay/Server is shown. The MMS UA  502  and the MMS Relay/Server  506  may be similar to those already described. The method  500  of placing MMS content may be used in conjunction with the method  400  of  FIG. 4  for determining a storage location for MMS content. Following the determination of a storage location for the indirectly referenced content, the MMS UA  502  may send the content to the MMS Relay/Server  506  via Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) or another method or protocol. An HTTP “PUT” command  510  may issue from the MMS UA  502  to the MMS Relay/Server  506  specifying the storage location for the content (from the request shown in  FIG. 4 ) and may provide the actual content. The MMS Relay/Server  506  may reply with an HTTP “200 (OK)” response. Following this procedure, MMS content that is indirectly referenced by an MMS message may be accessible on the same MMS Relay/Server as the received MMS message. 
     In one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the MMS content has been placed on the MMS Relay/Server, the content may be indirectly referenced by URIs in multiple MMS messages. The MMS content may only be accessible to MMS messages or applications residing on the same MMS Relay/Server as the originally-received MMS message. In other embodiments, the MMS content may be passed to other SIP based applications residing in different locations by passing the URI. For example, a SIP based application operated by a first service provider may be able to access message content stored by a second service provider by using the URI referring to a storage location of the message content. 
     Referring to  FIG. 6 , a flow chart  600  illustrating one embodiment of a method for transporting MMS messages on an SIP based network is shown. If the MMS message to be sent will have an indirect reference to MMS content as determined in step  601 , a storage location is requested for the content at step  605 . When the storage location is received at step  610 , the content is placed on the MMS Relay/Server at step  615  and placement is confirmed at step  620 . The procedure for determining a storage location and placing the content (steps  605 ,  610 ,  615 , and  620 ) was previously described in detail with regard to  FIGS. 4-5 . 
     If no indirect reference in the MMS message is needed (as determined in step  601 ), or following the confirmation of placement of the content at step  620 , a SIP message is sent at step  640  that encapsulates the MMS message as previously described. When the SIP message of step  640  is confirmed at step  645 , an SIP message containing an MMS confirmation may be sent back to the original sender at step  650 . Finally, the SIP message of step  650  may be confirmed at step  655 . The process of sending the MMS message encapsulated in an SIP message (steps  640 ,  645 ,  650 ,  655 ) was previously described in detail with regard to  FIG. 1 . 
       FIG. 7  illustrates a block diagram of a telecommunications network  700  that provides an exemplary system within which the methods disclosed herein may be practiced. In the present example, the network  700  is a wireless network that supports both voice and data packet communications using General Packet Service Radio (GPRS) and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) technologies. 
     The network  700  comprises a Radio Access Network (RAN)  751  and a core network  752 . The core network further comprises a circuit domain  753  and a packet domain  754 . Other networks may be accessible to the network  700 , such as a Public Switch Telephone Network (PSTN)  755  (connected to the circuit domain  753 ) and Internet  756 . 
     The RAN  751  includes a plurality of cells (not shown) serviced by base transceiver stations (BTS)  758 ,  759 , and  760 . The BTS  758  is connected to a base station controller (BSC)  761  to provide a second-generation wireless network. The BTSs  759 ,  760  are accessible to radio network controllers (RNC)  762 ,  763 , respectively, to provide a third-generation wireless network. A mobile switching center/visitor location register (MSC/VLR)  764  may be used to connect the core network  753  with other networks, such as the PSTN  755 . A home location register (HLR)  765  may be accessible to the MSC/VLR  764  and also to a serving GPRS support node (SGSN)  766  and a gateway GPRS support node (GGSN)  767  in the packet domain  754 . 
     The network  700  enables at least one mobile device  768  to establish a communication session with another device via the BTS  758 . An MMS UA, as previously described, may reside on the mobile device  768 . A request to establish a communication session by the mobile device  768  may be directed by the MSC/VLR  764  to (1) a second mobile device  769 , (2) a voice terminal (not shown) coupled to the PSTN  755 , or (3) a data terminal (not shown) coupled elsewhere to the telecommunications network  700 . For example, if the communication session is a circuit data transfer session, the request may be to connect the mobile device  768  to a computer or other data device via the network  700 . If the communication is a packet data transfer session, the request may be routed through the SGSN  766 , the GGSN  767 , and to the Internet  756 . An SIP based network may interface with the SGSN  766  and/or the GGSN  767 . It is noted that the mobile devices  768  and  769 , while illustrated as mobile telephones, may be any mobile device capable of communicating via the network  700 . 
     An SIP Registrar/SIP Proxy  770  may be connected to the Internet  756  and may utilize the Internet  756  using SIP over an IP transport layer. Similarly, an MMS Relay/Server  772  may be connected to the Internet  756  using SIP with the Internet  756  as the IP transport layer. The SIP Registrar/SIP Proxy  770  and the MMS Relay/Server  772  may operate both with one another, and with the MMS UA residing on the mobile device  768 . It is understood that the network  700  is for purposes of illustration and the present disclosure may be equally applicable to other networks, including code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA) networks, and third generation wireless networks using SIP for both data and voice channels. 
     Those skilled in the art should appreciate that they may readily use the present disclosure as a basis for designing or modifying other processes and structures for carrying out the same purposes and/or achieving the same advantages of the embodiments introduced herein. For example, various steps of the described methods and sequences may be executed in a different order or executed sequentially, combined, further divided, replaced with alternate steps, or removed entirely. In addition, various functions illustrated in the methods or described elsewhere in the disclosure may be combined to provide additional and/or alternate functions. Those skilled in the art should also realize that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and that they may make various changes, substitutions, and alterations herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.