Abstract:
At least one omni-directional antenna and at least one directional antenna are both disposed inside the RFID book management security gate, in which the omni-directional antenna can broaden a detection angle and reduce leaky wave of an electromagnetic wave in the library; and the directional antenna strengthens the detection of the case that a book or reference material is grasped, carried under the arm or attached to the body, so as to achieve an objective of effective and security management for the book or reference material. When a user carries the reserved book or reference material through the security gate, an RFID tag on the book or reference material can be effectively detected, which can avoid that the book or reference material without a borrowing procedure is furtively taken away.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of Invention 
         [0002]    The present invention applies Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technique to a security gate for book management operation, so as to perform control and inspection at an exit of a library. At least one omni-directional antenna and at least one directional antenna are disposed inside the RFID book management security gate to effectively detect an RFID tag on each book or reference material when a user carries the reserved book or reference material through the security gate, which can avoid that the book or reference material without a borrowing procedure is furtively taken away. Moreover, the leaky wave of the electromagnetic wave to the surrounding is decreased, and misjudgment for books still in the library is reduced. Furthermore, in combination with a human body sensor, the power consumption is reduced, the correctness of system functions is improved, and it is convenient for automatically performing effective management operation of security control for the book or reference material. 
         [0003]    2. Related Art 
         [0004]    An RFID system basically includes an RFID tag, an RFID reader and an application system. An operating frequency used by the RFID includes a Low Frequency (LF, 134 KHz generally), a High Frequency (HF, 13.56 MHz generally), an Ultra-High Frequency (UHF, 860-960 MHz generally) and a microwave (2.4 GHz generally). A passive RFID tag does not have a battery, an internal analogue circuit of which converts an electromagnetic wave from the reader into electric energy for use. A memory in the RFID tag can store data, and may be classified into a read-only memory (ROM), a write-once-read-many memory (WORM), or a rewritable memory (such as EEPROM) according to design and processes. An HF RFID tag commonly available in the market has a Unique ID (UID) locked up when leaving the factory. In a new UHF RFID tag available in the market, if the tag conforms to a communication protocol of an Electronic Product Code (EPC), in addition to a chip manufacturer code and chip type data on a Tag ID (TID), a set of chip serial numbers also exists on the TID, a capacity of which varies from 32 bits to 64 bits according to a chip type of the manufacturer. The application system may use the related UID or the chip serial numbers according to the requirements in use for anti-counterfeit processing. An RFID reader supplies power to a passive RFID tag for operation, which is named “RFID reader”, but actually has functions of reading and writing data in the memory of the RFID tag. Only when the operating frequency of the RFID system is the same as that of the communication protocol, the RFID system can be normally used. 
         [0005]    As for a security code for control of borrowing and returning books or reference materials, the RFID tag may use Electronic Article Surveillance (EAS), a Product Status Flag (PSF) or a specific memory in the RFID tag as the security code, so as to record the state control of the borrowing and the returning. 
         [0006]    The book or reference material can be hold in a single hand, grasped with a single arm, grasped with both arms, carried under the arm, attached to the body, put in a knapsack, carried in a handbag, or pulled in a draw-bar box by a user in many ways, and the human body usually affects a reading rate of the RFID tag. 
         [0007]    The conventional HF RFID book management security gate adopts a coil to generate a magnetic field, so as to sense the HF RFID tag on the book or reference material. The strength of the magnetic field is in a reverse ratio to a cube of the distance, so a common defect of the HF RFID book management security gate is the insufficient sensing range. 
         [0008]    The conventional UHF RFID book management security gate merely adopts a directional antenna, in which multiple directional antennas arranged in a line or staggered left and right are required, so as to reduce a detection dead zone of the security gate. However, a reading range of the directional antenna is wide, so generally, the RFID tag is read even if the book or reference material is 3, 4 meters away or farther from the UHF RFID book management security gate, which usually results in that the book or reference material is detected without completing the borrowing procedure, and then a misjudgment is generated. When the RF output power is reduced to shorten the reading distance, the detection and reading rate is decreased, so it is difficult to detect the case that the book or reference material is grasped, carried under the arm or attached to the body. If the antenna angle is adjusted toward the outside of the library, so as to shorten the reading distance inside the library, it is difficult to detect the case that the book or reference material is grasped to the chest. 
         [0009]    Another manner is that an omni-directional antenna is merely used, which is generally a cylindrical radiating antenna formed by a dipole antenna and a dipole array antenna, or a shelf antenna, and has a cylindrical and symmetrical radiation field. If the antenna is close to the security gate in height, the antennas are put in parallel; and if the antenna is not long enough, the antennas are staggered up and down. The omni-directional antenna detects and senses in a wide range, but the sensing distance thereof is short as the energy is not focused, so it is difficult to detect the case that the book or reference material is grasped, carried under the arm or attached to the body. 
         [0010]    The conventional RFID book management security gate is disposed with a photoelectric sensor, so as to count the number of persons passing through the security gate. In a normal operation case, the RFID reader of the RFID book management security gate continuously switches the antenna for detection. However, even if nobody is around the security gate, the RFID reader still detects continuously, resulting in unnecessary energy consumption. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0011]    To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an RFID book management security gate, so as to control and inspect at an exit of a library. At least one omni-directional antenna and at least one directional antenna are disposed inside the RFID book management security gate, so as to effectively detect an RFID book tag on each book or reference material when a user carries the reserved book or reference material through the security gate, which can avoid that the book or reference material without a borrowing procedure is furtively taken away. Moreover, the leaky wave of the electromagnetic wave to the surrounding is decreased, and misjudgment for books still in the library is reduced. Furthermore, in combination with a human body sensor, the power consumption is reduced, the correctness of system functions is improved, and it is convenient for automatically performing effective management operation of security control for the book or reference material. 
         [0012]    To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an RFID book management security gate, which is applicable to a security gate for RFID book management operation and a book or reference material with RFID technologies, which comprises:
       a security gate;   at least one RFID tag, in which an internal memory of the RFID tag stores a UID and a security code, and the RFID tag is attached to the book or reference material, so as to identify the book or reference material, and a borrowing and returning state thereof;   at least one omni-directional RFID reader antenna, disposed inside the security gate, and used to sense the RFID tag on the book or reference material and transmit a signal to an RFID reader;   at least one directional RFID reader antenna, disposed inside the security gate, and used to sense the RFID tag on the book or reference material and transmit a signal to an RFID reader;   at least one sensor, disposed on the security gate, and used to detect persons passing through the security gate, so as to perform management operation of the security gate; and   at least one prompt device, disposed on the security gate, and used to prompt that a book or reference material without a borrowing procedure is carried out of the security gate, so as to facilitate management.       
 
         [0019]    Preferably, the RFID reader omni-directional antenna is one of a dipole antenna, a dipole array antenna, a shelf antenna and a chip antenna. 
         [0020]    Preferably, the RFID reader directional antenna is one of a micro strip antenna, a patch antenna, a circular polarization antenna, a duplex polarization antenna, a linear polarization antenna, a linear polarization array antenna, a slot antenna, and a fractal antenna. 
         [0021]    Preferably, the RFID tag is a UHF RFID tag. 
         [0022]    Preferably, the RFID reader antenna is electrically connected to a built-in RFID reader, or is externally connected to an RFID reader through an RF coaxial cable, so as to read and write the RFID tag, and the book or reference material is a book, a document or an audio/video multimedia. 
         [0023]    Preferably, the security gate basically comprises an outer lateral plate, an inner lateral plate, a front lateral cylinder, a rear lateral cylinder, a top cover, a base seat, and a controller, in which the outer lateral plate comprises a conductive metal material, so as to provide a shielding effect and reduce leaky wave of an electromagnetic wave; and the inner lateral plate is made of a non-metal material, so that the RFID antenna transmits and receives the electromagnetic wave, and reads the RFID tag, and the non-metal material comprises plastic, wood, paper, ceramic or glass. 
         [0024]    Preferably, the controller is used to manage and control the sensor and the prompt device. 
         [0025]    Preferably, the sensor is a human body sensor, and used to detect a case that nobody is around the security gate, thereby reducing detection times of the RFID reader and then achieving an energy-saving and carbon-reduction effect. 
         [0026]    Preferably, the sensor is a photoelectric sensor, and used to detect times of persons passing through the security gate, and make statistical analysis on the use. 
         [0027]    Preferably, the prompt device is an audio device, and used to generate a warning sound, so as to remind a user to transact a borrowing procedure for the un-borrowed book or reference material, and remind librarians to handle the situation. 
         [0028]    Preferably, the prompt device is a light device, and used to generate warning light, so as to prompt a user to transact a borrowing procedure for the book or reference material without a borrowing procedure, and prompt librarians to handle the situation. 
         [0029]    To describe the present invention in further detail, the drawings, embodiments and the present invention are specifically illustrated in the following for benefiting the examination by the examiners. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0030]    The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description given herein below for illustration only, and thus are not limitative of the present invention, and wherein: 
           [0031]      FIG. 1A  and  FIG. 1B  are respectively a schematic oblique view and a schematic cross-sectional view of an RFID book management security gate according to the present invention; and 
           [0032]      FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 2B  are respectively a schematic top view and a schematic side view of a top cover of an RFID book management security gate according to the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0033]    A specific structure of the present invention is described in the following with reference to the drawings as well as a connection relation thereof, for ease of understanding by the examiners. 
         [0034]      FIG. 1A  and  FIG. 1B  are respectively a schematic oblique view and a schematic cross-sectional view of an RFID book management security gate according to the present invention, in which a cross section in  FIG. 1B  is shown along a horizontal section line  161 . Each book or reference material, including a book or an audio/video multimedia, need to be attached with an RFID tag, and the RFID tag includes an UID and a security code therein. The UID is used to correspond to each book or reference material, and the security code is used to set a not-borrowing or a borrowing state. When the RFID book management security gate detects that the security code of the RFID tag on the book or reference material is in a not-borrowing state, a prompt device (not shown) is activated, so as to remind a user to transact a normal borrowing procedure and remind librarians to handle the situation. The present invention especially illustrates the application of UHF RFID technologies, including a UHF RFID tag, a UHF RFID reader and an antenna. The RFID book management security gate with a single passage has two security gates  111  and  112 . For ease of description, a section between the two security gates  111  and  112  is referenced as an inner side, and conversely there is an outer side. A section close to the inside of a control area is referred to as a front side, and a section close to the outside of the control area is referred to as a rear side. The security gates  111  and  112  include an outer lateral plate  131 , an inner lateral plate  132 , a front lateral cylinder  118 , a rear lateral cylinder  117 , top covers  113  and  114 , base seats  115  and  116 , and a controller  155 . The outer lateral plate  131  includes a conductive metal material, which may be a single metal plate or a plastic plate together with a metal plate, so as to provide a shielding effect and reduce leaky wave of an electromagnetic wave. The inner lateral plate  132  is made of a non-metal material, so that an RFID antenna transmits and receives the electromagnetic wave, and reads the RFID tag, in which the non-metal material includes plastic, wood, cloth, paper, ceramic or glass. Photoelectric sensors  151  and  152  are disposed on the inner lateral plate  132 , so as to detect times of persons passing through the security gate, and make statistical analysis on the use. The base seats  115  and  116  enable the security gates  111  and  112  to be fixed on the floor. The front lateral cylinder  118  and the rear lateral cylinder  117  provide structural strength for the security gates  111  and  112  to stand stably. The top covers  113  and  114  wrap upper sides of the security gates  111  and  112 , and are disposed with a prompt device (not shown) and human body sensors  153  and  154  respectively. The controller  155  is used to control the photoelectric sensors  151  and  152 , the human body sensors  153  and  154 , and the prompt device (not shown). 
         [0035]    An antenna shelf holder  133  and antenna direction adjusting bases  134  and  135  are disposed inside the security gates  111  and  112 , so as to fix the position of the antennas  127  and  128  and adjust an antenna angle. The antenna direction adjusting bases  134  and  135  need to be a movable design in such a special mounting environment (that is, a small area or having multiple reflecting metal materials), so as to conveniently adjust the antenna angle; otherwise, a fixed angle may be designed to reduce the cost. If large deflection angles of the antennas  127  and  128  are required, the outer lateral plate  131  and the inner lateral plate  132  may be designed to be an arc shape, so that a larger space exists inside the gate plate for the deflection of the antennas  127  and  128 . If omni-directional antennas  125  and  126  are too close to the metal, especially, the outer lateral plate  131 , a reading rate for the RFID tag is affected, and an interval therebetween is generally more than 2 centimeters, so as to reduce the effect on the metal plate. The antenna  128  close to the front lateral cylinder  118  adopts the omni-directional antennas  125  and  126 , so as to detect in a wide angle and a close distance, so that a detection range in the library is controlled within 2 meters from the security gate, thereby avoiding leaky wave of the electromagnetic wave to the library internally. The antenna  127  close to the rear lateral cylinder  117  adopts directional antennas  121 ,  122 ,  123 , and  124 , and a normal of the antenna is deflected towards the outside of the library, so as to provide a strong detection function and avoid leaky wave of the electromagnetic wave to the library internally. As for the case that the book or reference material is grasped, carried under the arm or attached to the body, according to height distribution of the users, an adult is mainly to carry the book between 80 cm and 150 cm in height, so enough directional antennas  121 ,  122 ,  123  and  134  need to be mounted, so as to improve the reading rate. The number of the antennas to be used and the mounting height are designed according to action and height of the user. The omni-directional antenna and the directional antenna are used at the same time, which can provide a wide detection angle, avoid leaky wave of the electromagnetic wave to the library internally, and strengthen the detection of the case that the book or reference material is grasped, carried under the arm or attached to the body, so as to achieve an effective and security management effect on the book or reference material. The RFID reader antennas  121 ,  122 ,  123 ,  124 ,  125  and  126  may be directly electrically connected to an RFID reader (not shown) so as to be integrated together, or may be electrically connected to the RFID reader through an RF coaxial cable. If the RFID reader is directly electrically connected to the RFID reader antennas  121 ,  122 ,  123 ,  124 ,  125  and  126 , the RFID reader is also disposed inside the security gates  111  and  112 ; and if the connection thereof is implemented through the RF coaxial cable, the RFID reader may be disposed inside or outside the security gates  111  and  112  according to a design condition. 
         [0036]      FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 2B  are respectively a schematic top view and a schematic side view of a top cover of an RFID book management security gate according to the present invention. Top covers  211  and  213  of the security gates need to adopt a light transmissive material due to built-in prompt light devices  222  and  224 , and the material includes plastic, glass, cloth or paper. Human body sensors  251  and  252  are disposed at a front side of housing  212  and  214  on the security gates, and a disposition angle thereof is designed according to a person detection range. The human body sensors  251  and  252  enable the RFID reader to detect at a high speed when a person is close to the security gates within a certain distance. When nobody is around, the RFID reader is enabled to detect at a low speed, thereby reducing power consumption, and achieving an energy-saving and carbon-reduction effect. Prompt light base seats  221  and  223  are disposed inside the top covers  211  and  213  of the security gates, and multiple prompt lights  222  and  224  are disposed thereon. When the RFID book management security gate detects that a security code of the RFID tag on the book or reference material is in a un-borrowed state, the prompt lights  222  and  224  are activated, so as to remind the user to transact the normal borrowing procedure, and remind the librarians to handle the situation. Audio devices  253  and  254  are also disposed inside the top covers  211  and  213  of the security gates. When the RFID book management security gate detects that a security code of the RFID tag on the book or reference material is in a un-borrowed state, the audio devices  253  and  254  are activated, so as to remind the user to transact the normal borrowing procedure, and remind the librarians to handle the situation. When it is detected that the security code is in a un-borrowed state, the prompt lights  222  and  224 , and the audio devices  253  and  254  need to be activated at the same time, or be individually activated, which may be designed according to management rules. 
         [0037]    The audio/video multimedia applicable to the present invention includes an optical disk, a videotape, an audiotape, or a memory card, in which the optical disk includes a Compact Disk (CD), a Video Compact Disk (VCD), a Digital Video Disk (DVD), a Laser Disk (LD), a Compact Disk Read Only Memory (CD-ROM), and other derived products. The book applicable to the present invention includes a book, a picture album, a document, a file or an archive. The RFID book management security gate of the present invention may exchange file with a library automatic system on line or perform an off-line operation, which is designed according to the management rules. The place applicable to the present invention includes a place having books and reference materials and having a file management function, such as a library, a reading room, an audio/video studio, or archives. 
         [0038]    To sum up, the devices, methods, related structural features and embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail in the above, which can fully show a progress of the present invention in terms of the objectives and effects, have a utilization value in the industry, and moreover, are not applied in the prior art. According to the spirit of the patent law, the present invention completely conforms to the essential conditions of a invention patent. 
         [0039]    To sum up, the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.