Abstract:
A communication device comprises a processing circuit having at least two modes, a sleep mode and an awake mode, a wireless communications circuit that can wirelessly send a message as to whether an alarm has been triggered, and a passive sensor, powered by audio signals impinging on the passive sensor, that provides at least an approximation of an audio signal to the processing circuit so as to cause the processing circuit to switch between the at least two modes. The communication device can be housed in a housing sized to fit into a battery compartment.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application, entitled “BATTERY-POWERED DEVICE HAVING A BATTERY AND LOUD SOUND DETECTOR USING PASSIVE SENSING,” is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/554,989, filed on Nov. 26, 2014, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/501,011, filed on Sep. 29, 2014, the content of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
     
    
     FIELD 
       [0002]    The present disclosure relates generally to adding communications capability and sensing capability into battery-powered devices not having a native communications capability, more specifically, for sensing and reporting status. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0003]    Many devices that did not traditionally have communications capabilities are being replaced by updated devices that do have native communications capabilities. For example, newer, more expensive smoke detectors have native communications capabilities. However, this does not help with other smoke detectors and it is typically more cost effective to reuse the existing smoke detector and add in communications capabilities. 
         [0004]    In adding such functionality, cost of components and assembly are a consideration. Another consideration is power consumption, as in a normal lifetime of smoke detector battery, only a very small portion of that lifetime is spent in an alarm activated state. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0005]    A communication device comprises a processing circuit having at least two modes, a sleep mode and an awake mode, a wireless communications circuit that can wirelessly send a message as to whether an alarm has been triggered, and a passive sensor, powered by audio signals impinging on the passive sensor, that provides at least an approximation of an audio signal to the processing circuit so as to cause the processing circuit to switch between the at least two modes. The communication device can be housed in a housing sized to fit into a battery compartment. 
         [0006]    The following detailed description together with the accompanying drawings will provide a better understanding of the nature and advantages of the present invention. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0007]      FIG. 1  illustrates a novel battery-based device with integrated audio sensing using a passive sensor. 
           [0008]      FIG. 2  is a rear view of a smoke detector that might use the battery-based device of  FIG. 1 . 
           [0009]      FIG. 3  is a front view of a smoke detector that might use the battery-based device of  FIG. 1 . 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0010]    For purposes of explanation, specific configurations and details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it will also be apparent to one skilled in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without the specific details. Furthermore, well-known features may be omitted or simplified in order not to obscure the embodiment being described. 
         [0011]    In embodiments of devices explained herein, sensing of an alarm activated state is done using a passive device thereby eliminating or reducing the amount of energy consumed for sensing while the activated state is not present. One approach to sensing an audio input is to use a microphone, such as a small electric microphone, listen for inputs—often by running a microprocessor that executes instructions including instructions to process inputs received from the microphone to determine if an appropriate audio input is occurring. This, however, can waste power. 
         [0012]      FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram showing various components as might be used. As shown there, a device  100  includes a processor  102 , a communications module  104  (which might comprise an antenna and/or some control logic and analog circuit elements), a battery  106  for powering processor  102  and communications module  104 . In other variations, processor  102  is replaced with a simpler control circuit. Processor  102  can be a microprocessor or microcontroller or system on a chip, as appropriate. 
         [0013]    Battery  106  might be integrated into a housing such that all of device  100  would fit into a chamber sized to accept a conventional battery. Preferably, processor  102  has a sleep mode and an awake mode, wherein power consumption is reduced in the sleep mode relative to the awake mode. Processor  102  switches from the sleep mode to the awake mode in response to a signal received at a mode signal input to processor  102 . A passive sensor  110  is coupled to the mode signal input of processor  102 . Passive sensor  110  can be a sound sensor. 
         [0014]    Passive sensor  110  might comprise a piezoelectric transducer, such as those used as electrically powered output devices that generate audio. Given the location of device  100  (inside or near a smoke detector or other alarm signaling device), the typical minimum sound level requirement for such detector/devices, and the form of the signal, the sound energy impinging on passive sensor  110  in an alarm condition is sufficient energy to generate the mode signal without needing any other electrical power. 
         [0015]    By taking advantage of the piezoelectric property that the transducer can generate a voltage when excited by an audio signal, and the minimum sound levels expected at passive sensor  110 , as well as the level of detail needed from the signal, device  100  can remain in its deepest sleep state, without the need to periodically wake-up to monitor the audio. 
         [0016]    In a specific embodiment, a smoke detector has an alarm sound generator, such as a speaker that can generate an  85  dB alarm sound. Given the proximity of device  100  to the speaker, passive sensor  110  can generate enough excitation energy on its own to provide the mode signal, a voltage waveform that wakes processor  102 . Once awake, processor  102  can monitor both the frequency and waveform period to determine if the cause of the wake-up was a real alarm. For example, processor  102  might maintain a set of lookup parameters that are compared to a continuing signal received at its mode signal input. 
         [0017]    For ease of implementation, passive sensor  110  might be an audio transducer selected to have a resonant frequency close to, or at, the generated frequency of the alarm to increase the amplitude of the resulting output voltage waveform. 
         [0018]    For many smoke detectors, the frequency and waveform of its audible alert is standard, such as those defined by ANSI specification ANSI/ASA S3.41-1990 (R2008) (Audible Emergency Evacuation Signal). ANSI specification ANSI/ASA S3.41-1990 (R2008) requires a specific pattern—referred to as “Temporal Three&#39;s”. This pre-defined pattern can be used to validate that the alarm is being generated by the smoke alarm. 
         [0019]    To minimize false triggers, the period and the frequency of the alarm can be learned during an installation process. As part of the installation, the user might be requested to press an alarm “test” button. This would trigger the smoke alarm and processor  102  can use passive sensor  110  to learn both the frequency and pattern of the alarm. Later, this can be used as a base comparison to compare against any future alarms. Thus, if there were a match, processor  102  would send an alarm signal to communication module  104 , which could then wirelessly transmit a corresponding message signaling the alarm. 
         [0020]      FIG. 2  illustrates how the circuits described above might be used within a conventional smoke detector housing. As illustrated there, smoke detector  200  has a battery compartment that might otherwise house a conventional 9V battery. In its place, is a housing containing a battery and the circuitry shown in  FIG. 1 . It might be that this housing has the circuity in a battery portion  202 , terminals  204  for providing electrical power to smoke detector  200 , and a battery portion  206  for providing power. 
         [0021]      FIG. 3  illustrates how battery portion  202  (or all of the housing containing that portion) can be situated near enough to an alarm emitter  302  so that sound waves  304  are sufficient to power passive sensor  110  (shown in  FIG. 1 ). 
         [0022]    The device might also be used in other applications, such as a carbon monoxide detector or other alarm condition signaling system. The device might be used with various battery form factors, such as 9V, AA, AAA, ½ AA, N, or other form factors. 
         [0023]    Using the above concepts, users of devices and sellers of such devices or sellers of combined battery/communications elements might have the systems set up so that alarm conditions can be detected without significant quiescent power drain. 
         [0024]    The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., “such as”) provided herein, is intended merely to better illuminate embodiments of the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of the invention. 
         [0025]    Further embodiments can be envisioned to one of ordinary skill in the art after reading this disclosure. In other embodiments, combinations or sub-combinations of the above-disclosed invention can be advantageously made. The example arrangements of components are shown for purposes of illustration and it should be understood that combinations, additions, re-arrangements, and the like are contemplated in alternative embodiments of the present invention. Thus, while the invention has been described with respect to exemplary embodiments, one skilled in the art will recognize that numerous modifications are possible. 
         [0026]    For example, the processes described herein may be implemented using hardware components, software components, and/or any combination thereof. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereunto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the claims and that the invention is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents within the scope of the following claims. 
         [0027]    All references, including publications, patent applications, and patents, cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each reference were individually and specifically indicated to be incorporated by reference and were set forth in its entirety herein.