Abstract:
The present invention provides a water purification and treatment apparatus using a combination of sedimentation, filtration, and bio-contact aeration processes, which comprises at least one rapid water purification filter having a hopper base for settled sludge and a filtering tank; at least one cylindrical settling basin for sedimentation and filtration; and at least one aeration basin having an under water and an over water bio-film contact parts, for rapidly filtering raw water or wastewater contacted with bio-contact aeration, and performing water purification and treatment.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   1. Field of the Invention 
   The present invention relates generally to a water purification and treatment apparatus, and in particular to a water purification and treatment apparatus and a water purification and treatment process using a combination of sedimentation, filtration, and bio-contact aeration processes. 
   2. The Prior Arts 
   The purpose of purifying and treating raw water, sewage or wastewater is, in general, to improve water quality to reach the standard for fresh drinking, or the standard for discharging. As to the former, a reverse osmosis process is commonly used no matter what is the source of water to be purified, which may be, for example, seawater, river water, well water or rainwater. As to the latter, based on the source of sewage or wastewater to be purified, an anaerobic chemical treatment process, an aerobic activated sludge process, a bio-contact aeration process and the like, or a combination thereof may be used to purify the water to reach the standard for discharging. For example, the sewage or wastewater discharged from a stock farm is often treated using a chemical coagulating sedimentation process, together with an activated sludge process or a bio-contact aeration process. 
   However, whether a reverse osmosis process is used to purify raw water, or a chemical coagulating sedimentation process is used to purify sewage or wastewater discharged from various industries, although some extent of purification effect can be realized, chemicals must be used. Over a long time of treatment, large amounts of chemicals will be consumed, at the same time, more sludge will be produced and may be noxious due to residual chemicals contained therein, which thereby can not be utilized directly as organic fertilizer, and also is not suitable to be buried directly, but should be further disposed, resulting in the increase of disposal costs. Further, the efficiency of water purification is limited by using the above processes. For example, as to the reverse osmosis process, the output of treated water suitable for fresh drinking is only about 30% of input water, and the wastewater generated is up to be 70%. 
   Additionally, the activated sludge process has many advantages, such as being environmental-friendly, substrates being mixed uniformly, good operability and low apparatus costs. But, a conventional activated sludge aeration basin can not provide sufficient dissolved oxygen amount because the sludge will be restricted in limited aeration time and space duration its treatment, especially as large amounts of microorganisms propagate in the water and consume much dissolved oxygen in the water. Therefore, if aeration amount in unit time and temperature control are not operated appropriately, many microorganisms will die rapidly. Accordingly, it is required to perform reducing volume treatment to the expanded sludge, which, on the contrary, results the sludge to be a pollution source. It is not suitable for treating lots of sewage and wastewater. As to the bio-contact aeration process, which is improved based on the activated sludge process, has the advantages in that microorganisms are abundant, sludge is less, and sedimentation is easy relatively, but also has advantages in that filtering materials are easy to be blocked by residuals, difficult to be cleaned, and lack of operation flexibility, therefore it is also economic. 
   A combination of activated sludge process and a bio-contact aeration process is proposed to treat wastewater and sewage discharged from a slaughterhouse, which can reduce ⅓ sludge amount as compared with a simple activated sludge process. But, when much more sewage and wastewater is treated, the sludge amount generated is still very annoying and need to be further reduced in volume. Therefore, in an existing water treatment apparatus, due to the restriction of further treatment of sludge, a settling basin equipped therewith at most only can treat 500˜2000 Kg water. Treatment scale will be somewhat limited. 
   Raw water, which can be treated by the reverse osmosis process, relatively has little foreign materials or less pollution. However, as an example of river water or well water, once at the previous treatment stage it is required to perform the steps of sand stones and foreign materials removing, bacteria killing, chlorine removing, coagulating sedimentation, and cleaning. In addition, due to influence of industrial wastewater and polluted air, the saw water also contains much heavy metal therein. Therefore, even though the raw water is ocean water, besides salts contained therein, the concentration of mercury and lead is also high, and those can not be removed by the reverse osmosis process over a long time of period. 
   In addition, a conventional circular settling basin uses the principle that the heavier sludge settles rapidly to discharge the settled sludge through a discharging outlet, rather than uses a sludge scrapping device. Therefore, the sludge around the discharging outlet may be unable to be discharged out successfully, but settled and accumulated there gradually. Further, since a water inlet and a water outlet both are positioned above the basin, even the sludge can be settled to some extent due to its higher specific density, the output water will also contains some sludge. The apparatus also has the disadvantages of short life time, high maintenance costs and uneconomic. 
   As to a conventional square basin having a sludge scrapping device, the device operates reciprocally, therefore each sludge scrapping cycle has an idle stoke of wasted time. Therefore, in summarization of the above apparatuses, they all has the disadvantages of short life time, high maintenance costs and uneconomic. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   A primary objective of the present invention is to provide a water purification and treatment apparatus, by which the water purification and treatment can be performed rapidly, the capacity of treatment is big, the sludge generated duration operation is less and can be used as organic fertilizer directly, at the same time, a wide range of kinds of water sources can be treated. 
   In order to achieve the objective, the present invention provides a water purification and treatment apparatus, which is composed of a filtration unit, a bio-contact aeration unit and a settling unit using a combination of sedimentation, filtration and bio-contact aeration processes, characterized in that the filtration unit is composed by a rapid purifying and filtering machine having a hopper base for containing settled sludge and a filtering tank; and the bio-contact aeration unit is composed of at least one bio-contact aeration basin that is composed of at least one under water bio-film contact part and at least one over water bio-film contact part, 
   The bio-contact aeration basin is used to increase the dissolved oxygen amount of the water to be treated by means of the over water bio-film contact part, thus allow microorganisms flown into the under water bio-film contact part to have much more oxygen, which is beneficial for the culture of microorganisms, and the efficient decomposing of foreign materials contained in the water by the microorganisms. 
   Further, the bio-contact aeration unit also comprises an aeration generator, which is used to blowing the air therein by means of a blower, and supplying the air by means of an aeration inlet disposed at the bottom of the bio-contact aeration basin, thus forming an aeration from down to up, whereby increasing the dissolved oxygen amount of the under water contact part of the bio-contact aeration basin. 
   In the water purification and treatment apparatus of the present invention, instead of a general front treatment basin and a sand filter that contain chemicals for treating raw water, or a chemical treatment basin and/or activated sludge basin for treating sewage and wastewater, a filtration unit and/or a settling unit is used therein, which can remove sedimentation sludge (SS), oxide (COD), and chemical pigment (BOD) without addition of any chemicals, thus provides a water treatment apparatus absolutely free of chemicals and large space occupation. 
   The rapid water purification filter (as shown in  FIG. 1 ) used in the sludge filtration unit of the present invention provides an automatic rapid sewage filter, which is very rapid and convenient in treating large amounts of and complicated sewage. The structure of the filter is designed as normal pressure. The hopper base has the function of setting sludge, thus reduces the filtration burden of the filtering tank and increases the filtration capacity. Special filtering yarns are provided in the filtering tank, which are resistant of high temperature, low temperature, strong acid and strong alkali, and have substantially average clearances between adjacent yarns, which can maintain filtration quality and even flowing of water. An automatic switch is provided for time control a water valve  60 , thus its operation is simple, safely and no dangerous. 
   An automatic filter reverse cleaning function is also provided. When the filter performs reverse cleaning, the special filtering yarns are stretched sufficiently, and water is supplied through a reverse cleaning water inlet to clean the special filtering yarns, and then discharged out through a sewage discharging pipe outlet, thus realizing an effect of sufficient cleaning. 
   In order to maintain the filtration function of the special filtering yarns of the rapid water purification filter, besides automatically timing the time for reverse cleaning, the present invention also provide an ultrasonic oscillator  119 , such that the special filtering yarns can be cleaned efficiently through the cleaning process in combination of the ultrasonic oscillation function. 
   In addition, the bio-contact aeration unit of the present invention can be composed of one or more bio-contact aeration basin(s) depending upon the water source to be treated, wherein each bio-contact aeration basin can be composed to be a group having a front aeration tank and a rear aeration tank, and both can be identical or different each other, but at least one aeration tank comprises an over water bio-film contact part and an under water bio-film contact part. 
   The filtering materials of the over water bio-film contact part do not penetrate into the water, while the filtering materials of the under water bio-film contact part penetrate wholly into the water. The over water bio-film contact part utilizes wood filtering materials or plastic filtering materials such as PP, PE, and PVC which are in accordant with environmental protection provisions and suitable for the adherence and growth of algae, and the wood filtering materials are preferable. In addition, a plurality of water spraying heads are disposed over the filtering materials in a manner, such that the water to be treated firstly contacts the air to perform the first stage of oxygen dissolving during the course from the water is sprayed from the water spraying heads to the water reaches the filtering materials. When reaching the filtering materials, the oxide and suspended substances contained in the water can provide nutrition for the growth of algae, and then by means of the photosynthesis of the algae, oxygen is further generated for the water flowing through the filtering materials to perform the second stage of oxygen dissolving. As such, the water flowing into the under water bio-film contact part contains large dissolved oxygen amounts for improve the environment for the growth of microorganisms. Moreover, the over water bio-film contact part is disposed in such a matter that the wood filtering materials thereof is appropriate to be higher 50˜100 cm than the water level. Additionally, The under water bio-film contact part utilizes wood filtering materials or plastic filtering materials such as PP, PE, and PVC which are in accordant with environmental protection provisions, and may be provided with an aeration generator to increase dissolved oxygen amounts. 
   The sludge settling unit used in the water purification and treatment apparatus of the present invention is composed by a settling basin, which has a cylindrical main body and a sludge scrapping device supported on the main body and rotated continually and circularly, so as to remove the sludge on the basin bottom efficiently. 
   In addition, the cylindrical main body of the settling basin is further provided with a post that is extended upwardly from the center basin bottom, on which the sludge scrapping device is supported and pivoted. Further, the post is provided with a hopper sludge gathering tank around the post and near the basin top. The sludge scrapping device is used to scrap the sludge into an U-shaped sludge directing channel disposed on the basin bottom, and then the sludge is suctioned into and accumulated within the sludge gathering tank though a sludge suction pipe, such that the sludge can be prevented from distributing into the water again due to the disturbance of the rotation of the sludge scrapping device, and the sludge scrapping device also can be prevented from rotating idly. The efficiency of sludge removing of the settling basin is thereby increased. 
   In order to prevent the water stream flowing into the settling basin from disturbing the settling process in the cylindrical main body of the settling basin, a guard board is further provided within the main body and around the sludge gathering tank. Further, the settling basin is an automatic system, which can reduce the labor and time cost for maintaining clean thereof. 
   Because the water purification and treatment apparatus of the present invention uses physical filtration and sedimentation, and biological contact aeration for removing sludge, but not uses activated sludge basins during operation, and also the rapid water purification filter used in the present invention causes large amounts of microorganisms naturally contained in the water to be treated to loss during the time of filtering suspended foreign materials, in a new activated water treatment apparatus the microorganisms in the aeration basin are come from the rapid culture in the first batch water to be treated after insolated over days. And then, besides the culture in the aeration basin, the microorganism concentration can further be increased by returning a part of sludge discharged from the settling basin back to the aeration basin. Therefore, the microorganisms used at the stage of bio-contact aeration may be dependent upon the source of water to be treated, which are general microorganisms existed in common activated sludge, such as  Paramecium Aurelia, Trachelophyllum pusillum, Aspidisca costata, Vorticella microstoma, Epistylis plicatilis, Vorticella convallaria, Euplotes patella, Opercularia coarctata, Chilodonella uncinata, Hemiophrys fusidens, Vorticella alba, Carchcesium polypinum, Euplotes mocbiusi, Paramecium trichium, Euplotes affinis, Chilodonella cucullulus, Drepanomonas revolute, Varticella striata revolute, Colpidium colpoda,  and  Flagellata . Wherein, in the treatment of seawater desalination, it is preferable to use  Flagellata, Drepanomonas revolute, V Chilodonella cucullulus, Hemiophrys fusidens, Vorticella alba, Carchcesium polypinum, Paramecium Aurelia, Trachelophyllum pusillum, Trachelophyllum pusillum,  as bio-contact aeration bacteria; while in the purification and treatment of sewage and wastewater, it is preferable to use common activated sludge microorganisms, such as  Aspidisca costata, Aspidisca costata, Vorticella microstoma, Vorticella convallaria, Opercularia coarctata, Chilodonella uncinata, Carchcesium polypinum, Varticella striata revolute, Colpidium colpoda,  and  Chiropotes albinasus.    
   According to the source of water to be treated, in the water purification and treatment apparatus of the present invention, the rapid sludge filtration unit, the bio-contact aeration unit and the sludge settling unit can be combined with various numbers and orders. As required, it is also possible to additionally provide, for example, a barrier to remove big foreign materials and grease in the water to be treated, or a sludge dehydrator to reduce the volume of sludge. For example, when the water source to be treated is seawater, it is possible to connect in order a first rapid filterer, at least a group of aeration basins having the under water bio-film contact part and the over water bio-film contact part, a cylindrical settling basin, a sludge dehydrator, and a second water purification filter to form a seawater treatment apparatus. Further, if the water to be treated is domestic sewage, it is possible to provide a barrier before the first rapid filter in the seawater treatment apparatus to form a domestic sewage treatment apparatus. It is also possible to connect in order a barrier, a cylindrical settling basin, at least a group of aeration basin having the under water bio-film contact part and the over water bio-film contact part, a second cylindrical settling basin, a sludge dehydrator, and a second rapid water purification filter to form an industrial and wastewater purification and treatment apparatus. 
   Because the water purification and treatment apparatus of the present invention uses physical filtration and sedimentation, and biological contact aeration for removing sludge, as compared with the conventional chemical treatment or activated sludge process, the sludge generated during the water purification and treatment has little amount and does not contain poisonous chemicals, and a part of sludge generated can be returned back to the contact aeration basin for maintaining the microorganism concentration, the rest can be used for planting or used as fertilizer after simply dehydration, which can not only reduce chemicals consumption but also can reduce substantially disposal costs due to the omission of sludge disposal process, also will not burden the environment and is in accordance with environment protection. 
   The water purification and treatment apparatus of the present invention may be applied to treatment of raw water to make the water to reach the standard for fresh drinking and have the water output up to 98%, or applied to treatment of domestic sewage or industrial wastewater to make the water not only to reach the standard for discharging but also can be re-used. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic view showing the structure of a rapid purifying and filtering machine used in the present invention. 
       FIG. 2  is a schematic view showing the reverse cleaning structure of a rapid purifying and filtering machine used in the present invention. 
       FIG. 3  is a view of a system structure of a seawater desalination apparatus in accordance with the present invention. 
       FIG. 4  is a detailed view showing the structure of a cylinder body settling basin used in the present invention. 
       FIG. 5  is a view showing a system structure of a purification apparatus for sewage and wastewater in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 
       FIG. 6  is a view showing a system structure of a purification apparatus for sewage and wastewater in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 List of reference numerals (FIG. 3) 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 1 
                 seawater desalination apparatus 
               
               
                   
                 11 
                 first filter 
               
               
                   
                 111 
                 filter housing 
               
               
                   
                 112 
                 hopper base 
               
               
                   
                 113 
                 filtering tank 
               
               
                   
                 1131 
                 perforated fixing plate 
               
               
                   
                 1132 
                 perforated moving plate 
               
               
                   
                 1133 
                 hollow container 
               
               
                   
                 1134 
                 special filtering yam 
               
               
                   
                 1135 
                 U-shaped connector 
               
               
                   
                 1136 
                 nut 
               
               
                   
                 1137 
                 perforated water opening 
               
               
                   
                 114 
                 main inlet pipe 
               
               
                   
                 1141 
                 ring pipe 
               
               
                   
                 1142 
                 ring outlet 
               
               
                   
                 115 
                 outlet pipe 
               
               
                   
                 116 
                 reverse cleaning inlet pipe 
               
               
                   
                 117 
                 sewage and sludge discharging pipe 
               
               
                   
                 118 
                 oil hydraulic press 
               
               
                   
                 1181 
                 oil cylinder 
               
               
                   
                 1182 
                 main shaft 
               
               
                   
                 119 
                 ultrasonic oscillator 
               
               
                   
                 12 
                 first contact aeration basin 
               
               
                   
                 12′ 
                 second contact serration basin 
               
               
                   
                 121, 121′ 
                 front aeration tank 
               
               
                   
                 122, 122′ 
                 rear aeration tank 
               
               
                   
                 123 
                 underwater bio-membrane contact filter 
               
               
                   
                 124 
                 floating bio-membrane contact filter 
               
               
                   
                 125 
                 aeration generator 
               
               
                   
                 1251 
                 blower 
               
               
                   
                 1252 
                 air feeding pipe 
               
               
                   
                 1253 
                 aeration outlet 
               
               
                   
                 126 
                 watering device 
               
               
                   
                 1261 
                 suction pipe 
               
               
                   
                 1262 
                 watering head 
               
               
                   
                 127 
                 water discharging pipe 
               
               
                   
                 C 
                 water outlet 
               
               
                   
                 13 
                 settling basin 
               
               
                   
                 131 
                 cylindrical main body 
               
               
                   
                 1311 
                 column 
               
               
                   
                 1312 
                 U-shaped sludge directing channel 
               
               
                   
                 132 
                 sludge scraper 
               
               
                   
                 1321 
                 horizontal beam 
               
               
                   
                 1322 
                 holder 
               
               
                   
                 1323 
                 scraping cutter 
               
               
                   
                 133 
                 sludge suction pipe 
               
               
                   
                 1331 
                 sludge suction head 
               
               
                   
                 1332 
                 sludge outlet 
               
               
                   
                 134 
                 sludge gathering tank 
               
               
                   
                 1341 
                 sludge discharging pipe 
               
               
                   
                 1342 
                 backflow pipe 
               
               
                   
                 135 
                 guard board 
               
               
                   
                 1351 
                 support arm 
               
               
                   
                 136 
                 water discharging pipe 
               
               
                   
                 14 
                 sludge dehydrator 
               
               
                   
                 15 
                 second filter 
               
               
                   
                 16 
                 reverse cleaning water container 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 sewage treatment device 
               
               
                   
                 21 
                 sewage barrier 
               
               
                   
                 211 
                 water discharging pipe 
               
               
                   
                 22 
                 first contact aeration basin 
               
               
                   
                 221 
                 front aeration tank 
               
               
                   
                 50 
                 suction pump 
               
               
                   
                 60 
                 timing control water valve switch 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
   Characteristics and effects of the present water purification and treatment apparatus will be described in detain in connection with preferred embodiments taking in conjunction of the drawings. Additionally, the following embodiments are referring to a water treatment apparatus, rather than a new activated status. 
   First Embodiment 
   Seawater Desalinating Device 
     FIG. 3  shows a seawater desalination device in accordance with the present invention. The seawater desalination device  1  comprises a first filter, a first contact aeration basin  12  and a second contact aeration basin  12 ′, a settling basin  13 , a sludge dehydrator  14 , and a second filter  15  and a reverse cleaning water container  16 . 
   As shown in  FIG. 1 , the filter of the present invention is mainly composed of a body base  111 , a hopper base  112 , a filtering tank  113 , a primary inlet and outlet pipes, a pump  50 , and an oil hydraulic press  118 . The hopper base  112  and the elongate barrel filtering tank  113  both connect with the primary inlet pipe  114 , and suction water by the pump  50 . The primary inlet pipe  114  connects with and extends into the hopper base  112 , and forms a ring pipe  1141  on the hopper base  112  which has a plurality of water outlets  1142  on the upper part thereof, allows water to enter into the filtering tank  113  uniformly. Sludge carried by sewage, which is heavier than water, will deposit into the hopper base  112  rather than enter upwardly into the filtering tank  113 , together with the water. Raw water or seawater, after being filtered through the filtering tank  113 , will enter into the upper hollow container  1133 , and then purified water after purification will discharges from the outlet pipe  115 . 
   The body base  111 , which has the function of settling sludge, comprises a perforated fixing plate  1131 , a perforated moving plate  1132 , a plurality of fixed U-shaped connectors  1135 , a plurality of special filtering yarns  1134  that is resistant of high temperature, low temperature, strong acid and strong alkali, and a hollow container  1133 . The perforated fixing plate  1131  is disposed at the joint of the filtering tank  113  and the hopper base  112 , and has a perforated hole  1137  disposed at the middle part thereof and the U-shaped connectors  1135  disposed outwardly and densely at the circumference of the perforated hole  1137 . The U-shaped connectors  1135  are fixed on the perforated fixing plate  1131  and the perforated moving plate  1132  by means of nuts  1136 . The upper perforated moving plate  1132  is provided with a plurality of holes  1137  at the circumference thereof, the number of which is equal to that of the U-shaped connectors  1135 , so that the plurality of special yarns  1134  between the two plates can be hitched fixedly. The perforated fixing plate  1131  is connected with a spindle  1182  within a cylinder  1181  of the oil hydraulic press  118 . The spindle  1182  and the perforated moving plate  1132  can moves up and down within the hollow container  1133 . 
   The sludge filtering unit of the present invention can allow the water to be settled and filtered at the same time, thanks to the rapid purifying filter  11  used therein (referring to  FIG. 2 ). That is to say, sludge in the water to be treated is firstly settled into the hopper base  111 . And then, when the filter is operated to perform the reverse cleaning process, the special filtering yarns  1134  are sufficiently extended, and water is entered through a reverse cleaning inlet pipe  116  disposed at the circumference for cleaning the special filtering yarns. An ultrasonic oscillator  119  is disposed on the hopper base  112 , such that the special filtering yarn can be cleaned efficiently and rapidly at the cleaning process in the reverse cleaning tank by ultrasonic oscillating. Suspended materials attached on the special filtering yarn can be cleaned and discharged from a sewage discharging pipe  117 . Therefore, the effect of sufficient cleaning can be realized. 
   Firstly, the raw water or seawater is directed into the hopper base  112  of the first filter  11 . Foreign articles having high specific density will be settled in the hopper base  112 . When the water level exceeds the top of the hopper base  112 , the upper water flows into the filtering tank  113 , and suspended solids contained therein can be further removed by the special filtering yarns  1134  in the filtering tank, which is pressed to have a pore size of about 5 micrometers by the oil hydraulic press  118 , thus the amount of suspended solid (SS) and total dissolved solid contained in the water can be reduced efficiently. Next, the seawater is fed into the first contact aeration basin  12  through the outlet pipe  115  of the filtering tank  113 . During the reverse cleaning time set automatically, purified water is directed into the hollow container  1133  of the first filterer  11  through the reverse cleaning inlet pipe  116 , and further directed into the special filtering yarns  1134  within the filtering tank  113  which is stretched sufficiently by the oil hydraulic press  118 , to clean the special filtering yarns  1134 , so as to clean suspended materials into the hopper base  112 , at the same time, the ultrasonic oscillator  119  is activated, and suspended materials is settled in the hopper base  112 . And then, the settled foreign materials are discharged from the lower sludge discharging pipe  117 . The purifying filter  11  can operate long time and efficiently. 
   The contact aeration unit of the present invention comprises two contact aeration tanks  12 ,  12 ′, each of which is composed of a front aeration tank  121 ,  121 ′ having a under water bio-film contact part, and a rear aeration tank  122 ,  122 ′ having an under water bio-film contact part and an over water bio-film contact part. The front aeration tanks  121 ,  121 ′ and the rear aeration tanks  122 ,  122 ′ each have a plurality of overlapped under water bio-film contact filter made of plastic. The rear aeration tanks  122 ,  122 ′ each are divided as an upper half and a lower half. The lower half, as said above, has a plurality of overlapped under water bio-film contact filter  123  made of plastic. While the upper half has a plurality of over water bio-film contact filter  124  made of wood which are over the water surface. 
   As the water gradually flows from the outlet pipe  112  of the first filter  11  into the front aeration tank  121  of the first aeration basin  12 , a aeration generator  125  is activated, the air is blown into by a blower  1251  and directed to a plurality of aeration outlets  1253  disposed at the bottom of the contact aeration tank through an air feeding pipe  1252 . Thanks to the aeration formed at the bottom of the tank by the discharged air, the dissolved oxygen in the seawater can be increased, thus accelerating the growth of microorganisms on the cellular under water bio-film contact filter  123  and in the water, and increasing the efficient of decomposing foreign materials dissolved in the water by the microorganisms. Thereafter, the seawater, which contains the suspended microorganisms cultured in the front aeration tank  121 , is fed to the rear aeration tank  122  through a water suction pipe  1261  of a water sprayer  126 . 
   When the seawater containing the suspended microorganisms is sprayed downwardly from a plurality of spraying heads  1262  disposed at the top of the tank, it firstly contacts with the air to function as oxygen dissolving, before reaching the over water bio-film contact filter  124  made of wood in the form of laths. The wood  124  forms an environment suitable for adhere and growth of microorganisms after the seawater passing through it, and further provides the seawater with another dissolved oxygen source using photosynthesis products of the algae. Then, the seawater flows into the lower half of the rear aeration tank  122 , to perform the second stage for culturing microorganisms, and at the same time to decompose the foreign materials dissolved in the seawater. 
   In the embodiment, a water hole C is disposed on the side wall between the lower half of the rear aeration tank  122  of the first contact aeration basin  12  and the front aeration tank  121 ′ of the second contact aeration basin  12 ′, thus forming communication therebetween. Therefore, the seawater flown into the rear aeration tank  122 , when its level reaches the water hole C, will flow into the front aeration tank  121 ′ of the second aeration basin  12 ′ gradually through the water hole C, and starts another bio-film contact aeration cycle. 
   The structure and function of the second contact aeration basin  12 ′ is similar to the first contact aeration basin  12 , except that the front aeration tank  121 ′ communicates with the lower half of the rear aeration tank  122  of the first contact aeration basin  12  through the water hole C, and the lower half of the rear aeration tank  122 ′ connects to the settling basin  13  through a water pipe  127 . The water pipe  127  directly extends into the main body of the settling basin. 
   As shown in  FIG. 4 , the structure of the present settling basin  13  is specially designed in that a cylindrical main body  131  has a post  1311  which is disposed at the center and extended upwardly from the bottom thereof, and a U-shaped sludge directing channel  1312  which is disposed on the bottom and surrounds the post  1311 . In addition, a horizontal beam  1321  of a sludge scraper  132  is pivoted on the post  1311 , both ends thereof extend towards the basin wall, and each end is supported on the side wall of the cylindrical main body  131  by means of a roller. The sludge scraper  132  also has a pair of frames  1322  extending downwardly from the horizontal beam  1321 , and each of the frames  1322  has a scrapper  1323  at the end thereof adjacent to the U-shaped sludge directing channel  1312  on the basin bottom. 
   Additionally, a sludge suction pipe  133  is secured on the scrapper  132 , one end has a sludge suction head  1331  extending into the bottom of the U-shaped sludge directing channel  1312 , the other end has a sludge outlet  1332  extending into a sludge gathering tank  134  that is disposed near the basin top and surrounds the post  1311 . The sludge suction pipe  133  suctions the sludge from the U-shaped sludge directing channel  1312  and into the sludge gathering tank  134 , using the siphon principle or a motor pump. A sludge discharging pipe  1341  is disposed on the bottom of the sludge gathering tank  134  and communicated to a sludge dehydrator  14 . In addition, a guard board  135  is disposed at the outside of the sludge gathering tank  134  and surrounds the outlet of the water pipe  127  of the bio-film contact aeration unit, to prevent the current of seawater flowing into the setting basin from interfering the settling operation. As shown in the drawings, the guard board  135  is supported on the post  1311  by means of a supporting arm  1351  at the top thereof. 
   The seawater, which is fed into the settling basin  13  from the water pipe  127  of the second contact aeration basin  12 ′, contains large amounts of suspended microorganisms and aged bio-films peeled off from the under water bio-film contact part of the bio-film contact aeration unit. After being settled here, activated sludge containing microorganisms is settled on the basin bottom, gathered into the U-shaped sludge directing channel  1312  by means of the scrapper  1323 , suctioned to the sludge gathering tank  134  by means of the sludge suction pipe  133 , and fed to the sludge dehydrator  14  by means of the sludge discharging pipe  1341  to be dehydrated. At the same time, a part of the activated sludge is fed back to the front aeration tank  121  of the first aeration basin  12  by means of a backflow pipe  1342 , to be used as a microorganism source for subsequent treatment. The water in the upper part of the settling basin  13  is discharged to a second filter  15  through a water discharging pipe  136  to be filtered secondly to reach the standard of fresh drinking. 
   In the embodiment, the structure of the second filter  15  is identical to the aforementioned first filter  11 , and both are supplied with reverse cleaning water from the same reverse cleaning water container  16 , for cleaning the filtering yarns. 
   Testing results of water quality taken in each treatment stage in the embodiment are shown in Table 1. 
   
     
       
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
           
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
           
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
           
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
           
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
           
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
           
             
             
             
             
             
           
         
             
               TABLE 1 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Testing Items 
               Unit 
               Tested Value 
               Standard Value 
               Testing Method 
             
             
                 
             
           
           
             
                 
             
           
        
         
             
               S01 seawater-not treated 
             
           
        
         
             
               coliform 
               CFU/100 ml 
               0 
               6 
               NIEA E203.50A 
             
             
               total colonies 
               CFU/L 
               0 
               100 
               NIEA E203.52B 
             
             
               turbidity 
               NTU 
               7 
               4 
               NIEA W219.59T 
             
             
               Sulfate 
               mg/L 
               320 
               250 
               NIEA W430.50A 
             
             
               nitrite nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               0.5 
               N.D 
               NIEA W418.50A 
             
             
               nitrate nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               18 
               9.96 
               NIEA W417.50A 
             
             
               total hardness 
               mg/L 
               1000 
               500 
               NIEA W208.50A 
             
             
               total suspended 
               PPM 
               173~300 
                1~10 
               NIEA E220.50C 
             
             
               solids (SS) 
             
             
               Sodium 
               mg/L 
               7340 
               N.A 
               Refer to NIEA W306.50A 
             
             
               Salt 
               mg/L 
               3.2 
               N.A 
               Refer to NIEA W308.21B 
             
             
               Total dissolved 
               mg/L 
               40000 
               800 
               NIEA W210.50A 
             
             
               solid 
             
             
               electric 
               Mhos/cm 
               46800 
               N.A 
               NIEA W203.50A 
             
             
               conductivity 
             
             
               hydrogen ion 
               PH 
               12 ± 1 
               6.5~8.5 
               NIEA W424.50A 
             
             
               concentration 
             
             
               oxygen dissolved 
               mg/L 
               0.5 
               N.D 
               NIEA W422.51C 
             
             
               amount 
             
           
        
         
             
               S02 seawater-settled and filtered by the first filter 11 
             
           
        
         
             
               Coliform 
               CFU/100 ml 
               0 
               6 
               NIEA E203.50A 
             
             
               total colonies 
               CFU/L 
               0 
               100 
               NIEA E203.52B 
             
             
               Turbidity 
               NTU 
               3 
               4 
               NIEA W219.59T 
             
             
               Sulfate 
               mg/L 
               150 
               250 
               NIEA W430.50A 
             
             
               nitrite nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               0.22 
               N.D 
               NIEA W418.50A 
             
             
               nitrate nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               9 
               9.96 
               NIEA W417.50A 
             
             
               total hardness 
               mg/L 
               500 
               500 
               NIEA W208.50A 
             
             
               total suspended 
               PPM 
               70 
                1~10 
               NIEA E220.50C 
             
             
               solids (SS) 
             
             
               Sodium 
               mg/L 
               400 
               N.A 
               Refer to NIEA W306.50A 
             
             
               Salt 
               mg/L 
               1.8 
               N.A 
               Refer to NIEA W308.21B 
             
             
               Total dissolved 
               mg/L 
               500 
               800 
               NIEA W210.50A 
             
             
               solid 
             
             
               electric 
               Mhos/cm 
               3000 
               N.A 
               NIEA W203.50A 
             
             
               conductivity 
             
             
               hydrogen ion 
               PH 
               10 
               6.5~8.5 
               NIEA W424.50A 
             
             
               concentration 
             
             
               oxygen dissolved 
               mg/L 
               2 
               N.D 
               NIEA W422.51C 
             
             
               amount 
             
           
        
         
             
               S03 seawater-treated by the first bio-contact aeration basin 12 
             
           
        
         
             
               Coliform 
               CFU/100 ml 
               800 
               6 
               NIEA E203.50A 
             
             
               total colonies 
               CFU/L 
               3500 
               100 
               NIEA E203.52B 
             
             
               Turbidity 
               NTU 
               3 
               4 
               NIEA W219.59T 
             
             
               Sulfate 
               mg/L 
               140 
               250 
               NIEA W430.50A 
             
             
               nitrite nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               0.2 
               N.D 
               NIEA W418.50A 
             
             
               nitrate nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               9 
               9.96 
               NIEA W417.50A 
             
             
               total hardness 
               mg/L 
               500 
               500 
               NIEA W208.50A 
             
             
               total suspended 
               PPM 
               50 
                1~10 
               NIEA E220.50C 
             
             
               solids (SS) 
             
             
               Sodium 
               mg/L 
               280 
               N.A 
               Refer to NIEA W306.50A 
             
             
               Salt 
               mg/L 
               1.2 
               N.A 
               Refer to NIEA W308.21B 
             
             
               Total dissolved 
               mg/L 
               350 
               800 
               NIEA W210.50A 
             
             
               solid 
             
             
               electric 
               Mhos/cm 
               1700 
               N.A 
               NIEA W203.50A 
             
             
               conductivity 
             
             
               hydrogen ion 
               PH 
               8 
               6.5~8.5 
               NIEA W424.50A 
             
             
               concentration 
             
             
               oxygen dissolved 
               mg/L 
               4 
               N.D 
               NIEA W422.51C 
             
             
               amount 
             
           
        
         
             
               S04 seawater-treated by the second bio-contact aeration basin 12′ 
             
           
        
         
             
               Coliform 
               CFU/100 ml 
               1300 
               6 
               NIEA E203.50A 
             
             
               total colonies 
               CFU/L 
               5000 
               100 
               NIEA E203.52B 
             
             
               Turbidity 
               NTU 
               3 
               4 
               NIEA W219.59T 
             
             
               Sulfate 
               mg/L 
               1150 
               250 
               NIEA W430.50A 
             
             
               nitrite nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               0.18 
               N.D 
               NIEA W418.50A 
             
             
               nitrate nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               8 
               9.96 
               NIEA W417.50A 
             
             
               total hardness 
               mg/L 
               500 
               500 
               NIEA W208.50A 
             
             
               total suspended 
               PPM 
               50 
                1~10 
               NIEA E220.50C 
             
             
               solids (SS) 
             
             
               Sodium 
               mg/L 
               150 
               N.A 
               Refer to NIEA W306.50A 
             
             
               Salt 
               mg/L 
               0.28 
               N.A 
               Refer to NIEA W308.21B 
             
             
               Total dissolved 
               mg/L 
               350 
               800 
               NIEA W210.50A 
             
             
               solid 
             
             
               electric 
               Mhos/cm 
               1700 
               N.A 
               NIEA W203.50A 
             
             
               conductivity 
             
             
               hydrogen ion 
               PH 
               8 
               6.5~8.5 
               NIEA W424.50A 
             
             
               concentration 
             
             
               oxygen dissolved 
               mg/L 
               5 
               N.D 
               NIEA W422.51C 
             
             
               amount 
             
           
        
         
             
               S05 seawater-treated by the settling basin 13 
             
           
        
         
             
               Coliform 
               CFU/100 ml 
               200 
               6 
               NIEA E203.50A 
             
             
               total colonies 
               CFU/L 
               3200 
               100 
               NIEA E203.52B 
             
             
               Turbidity 
               NTU 
               1 
               4 
               NIEA W219.59T 
             
             
               Sulfate 
               mg/L 
               84 
               250 
               NIEA W430.50A 
             
             
               nitrite nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               0.1 
               N.D 
               NIEA W418.50A 
             
             
               nitrate nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               5 
               9.96 
               NIEA W417.50A 
             
             
               total hardness 
               mg/L 
               400 
               500 
               NIEA W208.50A 
             
             
               total suspended 
               PPM 
               10 
                1~10 
               NIEA E220.50C 
             
             
               solids (SS) 
             
             
               Sodium 
               mg/L 
               90 
               N.A 
               Refer to NIEA W306.50A 
             
             
               Salt 
               mg/L 
               0.1 
               N.A 
               Refer to NIEA W308.21B 
             
             
               Total dissolved 
               mg/L 
               400 
               800 
               NIEA W210.50A 
             
             
               solid 
             
             
               electric 
               Mhos/cm 
               1000 
               N.A 
               NIEA W203.50A 
             
             
               conductivity 
             
             
               hydrogen ion 
               PH 
               8 
               6.5~8.5 
               NIEA W424.50A 
             
             
               concentration 
             
             
               oxygen dissolved 
               mg/L 
               6 
               N.D 
               NIEA W422.51C 
             
             
               amount 
             
           
        
         
             
               S06 seawater-settled and filtered by the second filter 15 
             
           
        
         
             
               Coliform 
               CFU/100 ml 
               0 
               6 
               NIEA E203.50A 
             
             
               total colonies 
               CFU/L 
               40 
               100 
               NIEA E203.52B 
             
             
               Turbidity 
               NTU 
               0.05 
               4 
               NIEA W219.59T 
             
             
               Sulfate 
               mg/L 
               40 
               250 
               NIEA W430.50A 
             
             
               nitrite nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               0.01 
               N.D 
               NIEA W418.50A 
             
             
               nitrate nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               0.855 
               9.96 
               NIEA W417.50A 
             
             
               total hardness 
               mg/L 
               250 
               500 
               NIEA W208.50A 
             
             
               total suspended 
               PPM 
               0 
                1~10 
               NIEA E220.50C 
             
             
               solids (SS) 
             
             
               Sodium 
               mg/L 
               30 
               N.A 
               Refer to NIEA W306.50A 
             
             
               Salt 
               mg/L 
               0 
               N.A 
               Refer to NIEA W308.21B 
             
             
               Total dissolved 
               mg/L 
               250 
               800 
               NIEA W210.50A 
             
             
               solid 
             
             
               electric 
               Mhos/cm 
               200 
               N.A 
               NIEA W203.50A 
             
             
               conductivity 
             
             
               hydrogen ion 
               PH 
               7.5 
               6.5~8.5 
               NIEA W424.50A 
             
             
               concentration 
             
             
               oxygen dissolved 
               mg/L 
               7~8 
               N.D 
               NIEA W422.51C 
             
             
               amount 
             
             
                 
             
           
        
       
     
   
   According to the above tested results of water quality, after treated by the seawater desalinating apparatus of the embodiment, the final water quality has become to have the tested total colonies of 40 CFU/L from the original seawater free of microorganism colony, but this tested value is more less than the standard value of city water of 100 CFU/L. besides, the final water quality is better than the standard city water in terms of each tested item, and reaches the standard of drinking. 
   Second Embodiment 
   Sewage and Wastewater Purification Device 
     FIG. 5  is a schematic view showing a sewage and wastewater purification and treatment device in accordance with the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 5 , the sewage purification and treatment device  2  uses a barrier  21  in place of the first filter  11  in the seawater desalination device  1 , and other components thereof are identical. The reference numerals of the assemblies of the settling basin in  FIG. 5  are the same with those in  FIG. 3 . 
   In this embodiment, when the water source to be treated is domestic sewage, the sewage is fed to the front aeration tank  221  of the first contact aeration basin  22  through the water discharging pipe  211 , after medium and big foreign materials and greases in the sewage are blocked by the barrier  21 , and then the subsequent treatment processes are identical to those in the first embodiment. 
   Testing results of water quality taken in each treatment stage after treated by the present sewage and wastewater purification device are shown in Table 2. 
   
     
       
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
           
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
           
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
           
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
           
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
           
             
             
             
             
             
           
         
             
               TABLE 2 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Testing Items 
               Unit 
               Tested Value 
               Standard Value 
               Testing Method 
             
             
                 
             
           
           
             
                 
             
           
        
         
             
               B01 domestic sewage-treated by the barrier 
             
           
        
         
             
               coliform 
               CFU/100 ml 
               1000 
               6 
               NIEA E203.50A 
             
             
               total colonies 
               CFU/L 
               30000 
               100 
               NIEA E203.52B 
             
             
               turbidity 
               NTU 
               8 
               4 
               NIEA W219.59T 
             
             
               Chrome 
               platinum-cobalt 
               3 
               15 
               NIEA W201.50T 
             
             
                 
               scale 
             
             
               Odor 
               — 
               10 
               3 
               NIEA W206.50T 
             
             
               Arsenic 
               mg/L 
               0.2 
               0.05 
               NIEA W310.50A 
             
             
               Sulfate 
               mg/L 
               400 
               250 
               NIEA W430.50A 
             
             
               nitrite nitrogen 
               PPM 
               0.5 
               N.D 
               NIEA W418.50A 
             
             
               nitrate nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               20 
               9.96 
               NIEA W417.50A 
             
             
               total hardness 
               mg/L 
               1000 
               500 
               NIEA W208.50A 
             
             
               hydrogen ion 
               PH 
               10 
               6.5~8.5 
               NIEA W424.50A 
             
             
               concentration 
             
             
               oxygen dissolved 
               mg/L 
               0.5 
               N.D 
               NIEA W422.51C 
             
             
               amount 
             
             
               BOD 
               mg/L 
               8 
               N.D 
               NIEA W517.50B 
             
             
               SS 
               PPM 
               2500 
                1~10 
               NIEA E220.50C 
             
           
        
         
             
               B02 domestic sewage-treated by the first bio-contact aeration basin 22 
             
           
        
         
             
               coliform 
               CFU/100 ml 
               2000 
               6 
               NIEA E203.50A 
             
             
               total colonies 
               CFU/L 
               60000 
               100 
               NIEA E203.52B 
             
             
               turbidity 
               NTU 
               7 
               4 
               NIEA W219.59T 
             
             
               chrome 
               platinum-cobalt 
               4 
               15 
               NIEA W201.50T 
             
             
                 
               scale 
             
             
               odor 
               — 
               6 
               3 
               NIEA W206.50T 
             
             
               arsenic 
               mg/L 
               0.1 
               0.05 
               NIEA W310.50A 
             
             
               sulfate 
               mg/L 
               300 
               250 
               NIEA W430.50A 
             
             
               nitrite nitrogen 
               PPM 
               0.4 
               N.D 
               NIEA W418.50A 
             
             
               nitrate nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               18 
               9.96 
               NIEA W417.50A 
             
             
               total hardness 
               mg/L 
               1000 
               500 
               NIEA W208.50A 
             
             
               hydrogen ion 
               PH 
               8 
               6.5~8.5 
               NIEA W424.50A 
             
             
               concentration 
             
             
               oxygen dissolved 
               mg/L 
               2 
               N.D 
               NIEA W422.51C 
             
             
               amount 
             
             
               BOD 
               mg/L 
               7 
               N.D 
               NIEA W517.50B 
             
             
               SS 
               PPM 
               3000 
                1~10 
               NIEA E220.50C 
             
           
        
         
             
               B03 domestic sewage-treated by the second bio-contact aeration basin 22′ 
             
           
        
         
             
               coliform 
               CFU/100 ml 
               2000 
               6 
               NIEA E203.50A 
             
             
               total colonies 
               CFU/L 
               60000 
               100 
               NIEA E203.52B 
             
             
               turbidity 
               NTU 
               4 
               4 
               NIEA W219.59T 
             
             
               chrome 
               platinum-cobalt 
               10 
               15 
               NIEA W201.50T 
             
             
                 
               scale 
             
             
               odor 
               — 
               4 
               3 
               NIEA W206.50T 
             
             
               arsenic 
               mg/L 
               0.05 
               0.05 
               NIEA W310.50A 
             
             
               sulfate 
               mg/L 
               200 
               250 
               NIEA W430.50A 
             
             
               nitrite nitrogen 
               PPM 
               0.3 
               N.D 
               NIEA W418.50A 
             
             
               nitrate nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               15 
               9.96 
               NIEA W417.50A 
             
             
               total hardness 
               mg/L 
               1000 
               500 
               NIEA W208.50A 
             
             
               hydrogen ion 
               PH 
               8 
               6.5~8.5 
               NIEA W424.50A 
             
             
               concentration 
             
             
               oxygen dissolved 
               mg/L 
               5 
               N.D 
               NIEA W422.51C 
             
             
               amount 
             
             
               BOD 
               mg/L 
               4 
               N.D 
               NIEA W517.50B 
             
             
               SS 
               PPM 
               3000 
                1~10 
               NIEA E220.50C 
             
           
        
         
             
               B04 domestic sewage-treated by the settling basin 23 
             
           
        
         
             
               coliform 
               CFU/100 ml 
               10 
               6 
               NIEA E203.50A 
             
             
               total colonies 
               CFU/L 
               400 
               100 
               NIEA E203.52B 
             
             
               turbidity 
               NTU 
               0.5 
               4 
               NIEA W219.59T 
             
             
               chrome 
               platinum-cobalt 
               20 
               15 
               NIEA W201.50T 
             
             
                 
               scale 
             
             
               odor 
               — 
               3 
               3 
               NIEA W206.50T 
             
             
               arsenic 
               mg/L 
               0.01 
               0.05 
               NIEA W310.50A 
             
             
               sulfate 
               mg/L 
               100 
               250 
               NIEA W430.50A 
             
             
               nitrite nitrogen 
               PPM 
               0.1 
               N.D 
               NIEA W418.50A 
             
             
               nitrate nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               118 
               9.96 
               NIEA W417.50A 
             
             
               total hardness 
               mg/L 
               500 
               500 
               NIEA W208.50A 
             
             
               hydrogen ion 
               PH 
               8 
               6.5~8.5 
               NIEA W424.50A 
             
             
               concentration 
             
             
               oxygen dissolved 
               mg/L 
               5 
               N.D 
               NIEA W422.51C 
             
             
               amount 
             
             
               BOD 
               mg/L 
               10 
               N.D 
               NIEA W517.50B 
             
             
               SS 
               PPM 
               30 
                1~10 
               NIEA E220.50C 
             
           
        
         
             
               B05 domestic sewage-settled and treated by the filter 25 
             
           
        
         
             
               Coliform 
               CFU/100 ml 
               0 
               6 
               NIEA E203.50A 
             
             
               total colonies 
               CFU/L 
               40 
               100 
               NIEA E203.52B 
             
             
               Turbidity 
               NTU 
               0.05 
               4 
               NIEA W219.59T 
             
             
               Chrome 
               platinum-cobalt 
               50 
               15 
               NIEA W201.50T 
             
             
                 
               scale 
             
             
               Odor 
               — 
               0 
               3 
               NIEA W206.50T 
             
             
               Arsenic 
               mg/L 
               0.005 
               0.05 
               NIEA W310.50A 
             
             
               Sulfate 
               mg/L 
               50 
               250 
               NIEA W430.50A 
             
             
               nitrite nitrogen 
               PPM 
               0.01 
               N.D 
               NIEA W418.50A 
             
             
               nitrate nitrogen 
               mg/L 
               0.85 
               9.96 
               NIEA W417.50A 
             
             
               total hardness 
               mg/L 
               250 
               500 
               NIEA W208.50A 
             
             
               hydrogen ion 
               PH 
               7.2 
               6.5~8.5 
               NIEA W424.50A 
             
             
               concentration 
             
             
               oxygen dissolved 
               mg/L 
               8 
               N.D 
               NIEA W422.51C 
             
             
               amount 
             
             
               BOD 
               mg/L 
               0 
               N.D 
               NIEA W517.50B 
             
             
               SS 
               PPM 
               0 
                1~10 
               NIEA E220.50C 
             
             
                 
             
           
        
       
     
   
   As known from the results in Table 2, when the sewage is treated by the sewage and wastewater purification and treatment device in this embodiment, the water quality can reach the standard of discharging only after B04 stage, that is after treated through the barrier, the bio-contact aeration unit and the settling basin. After further settled and filtered by the filter of the present invention, the final water quality is better than the standard city water in terms of each tested item, and reaches the standard of drinking. 
   As shown from the tested results of water quality of S03, S04 in Table 1, and B02, B03 in Table 2, the bio-contact aeration unit of the present invention do can promote efficiently microorganism growth and the efficient of decomposing the foreign materials dissolved in water, through the over water bio-film contact part. 
   Furthermore, it is approved from the tested results of water quality of S05 in Table 1 and B04 in Table 2 in that the cylindrical main body of the settling basin of the present invention allows the sludge scrapper continually and circularly scrap sludge, thus improves the efficient of scrapping sludge as compared with a conventional settling basin in the form of a square. Especially, since the settled sludge is gathered in the sludge gathering tank on the basin top, and is prevent from distributing into the water again by the interference of the scrapper or inletting water stream, the efficient of sludge removing in the settling basin can be further increased. 
   Also, as shown from the tested results of water quality of S06 in Table 1, and B05 in Table 2, no matter how many microorganisms residue in the water after settled by the settling basin, they can be removed efficiently by the rapid water purification filter of the present invention. 
   When industrial or stocking wastewater that is polluted seriously is purified by the water purification and treatment device of the present invention, it is also possible to use the barrier and the rapid water purification filter before and after the use of the bio-contact aeration unit, or use the barrier and the cylindrical settling basin in order, and then use the bio-contact aeration unit, one example of the devices and the processes is shown in  FIG. 6 . 
   As compared with a conventional drinking water treatment process, such as R.O. (reversed osmosis) and destination processes, using the water purification and treatment device and the water treatment process of the present invention will not generate secondary pollution, and the water production from the seawater can reach 70˜85% of drinking water and 15˜30% of sodium chloride, with less wasting, and the water quality after treated has only salts of 0˜0.01%, and free of SS foreign materials, which is better than conventional processes nowadays. 
   Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiment thereof, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that a variety of modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention which is intended to be defined by the appended claims.