Abstract:
Various embodiments may provide a convenient mechanism and system for users of vehicles that include handbrakes to operate reverse lockout deactivation mechanisms in connection with the handbrake. For example, saddle-type vehicles such as an all-terrain vehicle (ATV), snowmobile, motorcycle, or the like may benefit from certain embodiments. For example, the system that combines brake, reverse lockout deactivation, and parking brake mechanisms may benefit from a dual rate, dual direction spring system. An apparatus can include a first lever configured to pivot about a first axis. The apparatus can also include a second lever mounted with the first lever and configured further to pivot about a second axis offset from the first axis. The second lever can be configured to be biased to a first position by a first spring and a second spring.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
       [0001]    1. Field: 
         [0002]    Various embodiments may provide a convenient mechanism and system for users of vehicles that include handbrakes to operate reverse lockout deactivation mechanisms in connection with the handbrake. For example, saddle-type vehicles such as an all-terrain vehicle (ATV), snowmobile, motorcycle, or the like may benefit from certain embodiments. For example, the system that combines brake, reverse lockout deactivation, and parking brake mechanisms may benefit from a dual rate, dual direction spring system. 
         [0003]    2. Description of the Related Art: 
         [0004]      FIG. 1  illustrates a cross-section view of a portion of a reverse lockout deactivation system. As shown in  FIG. 1 , lever pivot bolt  120  may extend through the assembly and may serve as one of the axes of the system. Similarly, reverse pivot bolt  140 , which may be implemented as a screw, may pass through the reverse engagement lever  130  and the brake lever  110 , but not the reverse lockout deactivation lever  160 . The reverse pivot bolt  140  may be provided with a threaded area  141  within the brake lever  110 , between an upper pivot area  143  and a lower pivot area  145 . 
         [0005]    The reverse engagement lever  130  may have integrated parking brake functionality. Thus, as a second lever, it can be configured to be pivoted about a second axis (for example, reverse pivot bolt  140 ) to a third position different from the first or neutral position or the second or reverse-lockout deactivation position. The brake lever  110  or first lever can be configured to engage a parking brake mechanism of the vehicle when the second lever is in the third position. A two-way spring  170  can be configured to bias the second lever (for example reverse engagement lever  130 ) to the first position, as distinct from both the second position and the third position. Typically, this dual direction spring system may provide only approximately a single force with respect to either direction away from the first position. 
         [0006]      FIG. 2  illustrates a single spring system.  FIG. 2  illustrates a top view of a first position of a reverse engagement lever  130 . As shown in  FIG. 2 , the reverse engagement lever  130  may be configured to pivot on reverse pivot bolt  140 . Moreover, the reverse engagement lever  130  may be provided with a reverse engagement lever tab  133  that is configured to provide an interference engagement with brake lever pad  113  on brake lever  110 . This pad and tab arrangement may be used in combination with two-way spring  170  to bias the lever in the first position. As shown in  FIG. 2 , the tolerance between a brake lever pad and the reverse engagement lever tab can make it difficult avoid free play in the system. 
         [0007]    Other alternatives include an approach in which a parking brake lever and a reverse lockout deactivation pin are separated.  FIG. 3  illustrates a parking and reverse separated lever and pin system. As shown in  FIG. 3 , a parking brake lock lever  310  can be provided separate from a reverse pin  320 . This approach may require higher complexity for a user of the system, such as requiring a three step operation for reverse. 
         [0008]      FIG. 4  illustrates an exploded view of a single rate dual direction spring system. As shown in  FIG. 4 , a single spring  410  can be configured to operate with respect to a single base spring stopper  420  and lever spring stopper  430 .  FIG. 5  illustrates an assembled view of the single rate dual direction spring system of  FIG. 4 . As shown in  FIG. 5 , a same force can be applied by the single spring, in both directions. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0009]    According to certain embodiments, an apparatus can include a first lever configured to pivot about a first axis. The apparatus can also include a second lever mounted with the first lever and configured further to pivot about a second axis offset from the first axis. The second lever can be configured to be biased to a first position by a first spring and a second spring. The first lever can be configured to engage a braking system of a vehicle when the first lever is pivoted about the first axis and the second lever is in the first position. The second lever can be configured to be pivoted about the second axis to a second position different from the first position. The first lever can be configured to disengage a reverse lockout system of the vehicle when the second lever is in the second position. The second lever can be configured to be pivoted about the second axis to a third position different from the first position or the second position. The first lever can be configured to hold in a brake activated position to function as a parking brake of the vehicle when the second lever is in the third position. 
         [0010]    In certain embodiments, a method can include mounting a second lever on a first lever configured to pivot about a first axis, wherein the second lever is mounted to pivot about a second axis offset from the first axis. The method can also include biasing the second lever to a first position by a first spring and a second spring. The method can further include arranging the first lever to engage a braking system of a vehicle when the first lever is pivoted about the first axis and the second lever is in the first position. The method can additionally include arranging the second lever to be pivoted about the second axis to a second position different from the first position. The method can also include arranging the first lever to disengage a reverse lockout system of the vehicle when the second lever is in the second position. The method can further include arranging the second lever to be pivoted about the second axis to a third position different from the first position or the second position. The method can additionally include arranging the first lever to hold in a brake activated position to function as a parking brake of the vehicle when the second lever is in the third position. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0011]    For proper understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings, wherein: 
           [0012]      FIG. 1  illustrates a cross-section view of portion of a reverse lockout deactivation system. 
           [0013]      FIG. 2  illustrates a single spring system. 
           [0014]      FIG. 3  illustrates a parking and reverse separated lever and pin system. 
           [0015]      FIG. 4  illustrates an exploded view of a single rate dual direction spring system. 
           [0016]      FIG. 5  illustrates an assembled view of the single rate dual direction spring system of  FIG. 4 . 
           [0017]      FIG. 6  illustrates a dual rate dual direction spring system according to certain embodiments. 
           [0018]      FIG. 7  illustrates a top view of an arrangement including springs in a first position, according to certain embodiments. 
           [0019]      FIG. 8  illustrates a top view of an arrangement including springs in a second position, according to certain embodiments. 
           [0020]      FIG. 9  illustrates a top view of an arrangement including springs in a third position, according to certain embodiments. 
           [0021]      FIG. 10  illustrates a perspective see-through view of an arrangement including springs according to certain embodiments. 
           [0022]      FIG. 11  illustrates a first side view of a second spring according to certain embodiments. 
           [0023]      FIG. 12  illustrates a top view of a second spring according to certain embodiments. 
           [0024]      FIG. 13  illustrates a second side view of the second spring, according to certain embodiments. 
           [0025]      FIG. 14  illustrates a first side view of a first spring, according to certain embodiments. 
           [0026]      FIG. 15  illustrates a top view of a first spring according to certain embodiments. 
           [0027]      FIG. 16  illustrates a second side view of the second spring, according to certain embodiments. 
           [0028]      FIG. 17  illustrates a bottom view of a lever according to certain embodiments. 
           [0029]      FIG. 18  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a lever according to certain embodiments. 
           [0030]      FIG. 19  illustrates a top view of a base according to certain embodiments. 
           [0031]      FIG. 20  illustrates a first view providing a cross-sectional view of a base according to certain embodiments. 
           [0032]      FIG. 21  illustrates a second view providing a cross-sectional view of a base according to certain embodiments. 
           [0033]      FIGS. 22A and 22B  illustrate a third view providing a side view of a base according to certain embodiments. 
           [0034]      FIG. 23  illustrates a fourth view providing a cross-sectional view of a base according to certain embodiments. 
           [0035]      FIG. 24  illustrates a method according to certain embodiments. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0036]    According to certain embodiments, a single lever can be used to operate the reverse inhibitor deactivation and parking brake functions of a vehicle. Different forces can be applied by a user of the lever in different directions, in certain embodiments. 
         [0037]    More particularly, certain embodiments provide two springs that, together, are configured to apply different forces in different directions. The system can also eliminate free play, which can be found in a single spring system. Rather, the two springs can allow the system to have spring preload in a neutral position, to eliminate free play. 
         [0038]      FIG. 6  illustrates a dual rate dual direction spring system according to certain embodiments. As shown in  FIG. 6 , a first force F 1  provided by a spring system in a first direction may be different from a second force F 2  provided by the spring system in a second direction. These first and second forces F 1 , F 2  may be different from any forces provided by the cables  150 . 
         [0039]      FIG. 7  illustrates a top view of an arrangement including springs in a first position, according to certain embodiments. As shown in  FIG. 7 , an arrangement can include, extending upward from a base (not shown) a first base stopper  710  and a second base stopper  720 . The arrangement can also include a pivot  730 , which can pass through lever  740  and into or through the base. Lever stopper  750  can extend from the lever  740 . 
         [0040]    A first spring  760  can have a first spring torque  765  that is clockwise. Likewise, a second spring  770  can have a second spring torque  775  that is counter-clockwise. The first spring torque  765  can be greater than the second spring torque  775 . In the first position, as illustrated, the first spring  760  can be in contact with the first base stopper  710  and the second base stopper  720 . This can be a neutral position of the lever  740 , namely a position when no external forces, such as forces provided by a user&#39;s hand, are being applied. 
         [0041]      FIG. 8  illustrates a top view of an arrangement including springs in a second position, according to certain embodiments. As shown in  FIG. 8 , a first external force  810  can be applied in a counter-clockwise direction to lever  740 . This first external force  810  can be supplied, for example, by a user&#39;s hand. As a result of the first external force  810 , the lever  740  can be moved to a second position, as shown. The first spring  760  can lose contact with the second base stopper  720 . Meanwhile, second spring  770  can be relaxed, while remaining in contact with lever stopper  750 . The second spring  770  can be configured to have an arm that is short enough to avoid interacting with the second base stopper  720 . The lever  740  can be configured to pass over the second base stopper  720 , for example, without interacting with the second base stopper  720 . 
         [0042]      FIG. 9  illustrates a top view of an arrangement including springs in a third position, according to certain embodiments. As shown in  FIG. 9 , a second external force  910  can be applied in a clockwise direction to lever  740 . This second external force  910  can be supplied, for example, by a user&#39;s hand. As a result of the second external force  910 , the lever  740  can be moved to a third position, as shown. In this third position, the first spring  760  can remain in contact with the first base stopper  710  and the second base stopper  720 . Thus, relative to the first position, the first spring  760  may not move when the lever  740  moves to the third position. By contrast, second spring  770  can be compressed. 
         [0043]      FIG. 10  illustrates a perspective see-through view of an arrangement including springs according to certain embodiments.  FIG. 10  illustrates the first spring  760 , second spring  770 , pivot  730 , and so on, as in the previous figures.  FIG. 10  also illustrates a base  1010 , which in this case can be a brake handle lever. As shown in  FIG. 10 , the first base stopper  710  may include two different locations of the base: an inset or recessed portion for first spring  760  and an elevated portion for second spring  770 . Likewise, the second base stopper  720  may include two locations: a tab for first spring  760  and an edge for second spring  770 . As shown in  FIG. 10 , one end of one arm of second spring  770  may be bent down in the same direction as a tab of the second base stopper  720 . Likewise, another arm of second spring  770  may be bent to curve around and cradle the elevated portion of first base stopper  710 . 
         [0044]      FIG. 11  illustrates a first side view of a second spring according to certain embodiments. The second spring can include a coil body  1110 , in this case made up of five stacked coils. The second spring can also include a first arm  1120 , which is bent downward and then provided with a further bend in a plane parallel to that of the coil body  1110 . The second spring can further include a second arm  1130 , which is bent slightly downward and curled into a c-shape in approximately the same plane as the further bent portion of the first arm  1120 . 
         [0045]      FIG. 12  illustrates a top view of a second spring according to certain embodiments.  FIG. 12  shows the same coil body  1110 , first arm  1120 , and second arm  1130 , as in  FIG. 11 . Additionally,  FIG. 12  illustrates positions of the first arm  1120  in a free state, namely when not installed, in a set condition, such as in the first position, as shown in  FIG. 7 , and in a work condition, such as in the third position, as shown in  FIG. 9 . 
         [0046]      FIG. 13  illustrates a second side view of the second spring, according to certain embodiments. This side view may be roughly orthogonal to the first side view. Thus,  FIG. 13  shows the same coil body  1110 , first arm  1120 , and second arm  1130 , as in  FIGS. 11 and 12 . 
         [0047]      FIG. 14  illustrates a first side view of a first spring, according to certain embodiments. The first spring can include a coil body  1410 , in this case made up of three stacked coils. The first spring can also include a first arm  1420 , which is bent slightly upward and then provided with a further bend in a slightly downward direction. The second spring can further include a second arm  1430 , which is bent upward. 
         [0048]      FIG. 15  illustrates a top view of a first spring according to certain embodiments.  FIG. 15  shows the same coil body  1410 , first arm  1420 , and second arm  1430 , as in  FIG. 14 . Additionally,  FIG. 15  illustrates positions of the first arm  1420  in a free state, namely when not installed, in a set condition, such as in the first position, as shown in  FIG. 7 , and in a work condition, such as in the second position, as shown in  FIG. 8 . 
         [0049]      FIG. 16  illustrates a second side view of the second spring, according to certain embodiments. This side view may be roughly orthogonal to the first side view. Thus,  FIG. 16  shows the same coil body  1410 , first arm  1420 , and second arm  1430 , as in  FIGS. 14 and 15 . 
         [0050]      FIG. 17  illustrates a bottom view of a lever according to certain embodiments. The lever may include a main body portion  1710  and an extended arm portion  1720 . The main body portion  1710  and the extended arm portion  1720  may be rigidly interconnected, for example made from a single piece of metal. The main body portion  1710  and the extended arm portion  1720  may be configured to pivot about pivot point  1730 . The lever can include a lever stopper that may be made up of edge  1740  and tab  1750 . 
         [0051]      FIG. 18  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a lever according to certain embodiments.  FIG. 18  illustrates a lever viewed in cross-section along line  18  in  FIG. 17 . As shown in  FIG. 18 , the tab  1750  and edge  1740  can each extend inwardly parallel to the direction of an axis associated with the pivot point  1730 . 
         [0052]      FIG. 19  illustrates a top view of a base according to certain embodiments. The base may be a lever, such as a brake lever, having a handle  1910 . The handle may be configured to rotate about pivot point  1920 . The base can also include a lever pivot point  1930 . A lever, such as that illustrated in  FIGS. 17 and 18 , can rotate about lever pivot point  1930 . 
         [0053]    The base can also include a first base stopper that includes an elevated portion  1940  and a recessed portion  1950 . The elevated portion  1940  can be configured to interact with a second spring, such as the second spring illustrated in  FIGS. 11 through 13 , and the recessed portion  1950  can be configured to interact with a first spring, such as the first spring illustrated in  FIGS. 14 through 16 . A second base stopper  1960  can also be provided. The second base stopper  1960  can be configured to interact with the first spring. 
         [0054]      FIG. 20  illustrates a first view providing a cross-sectional view of a base according to certain embodiments. The cross-section of  FIG. 20  is taken along line  20  in  FIG. 19 . The cross-section illustrates both the elevated portion  1940  and the recessed portion  1950 . 
         [0055]      FIG. 21  illustrates a second view providing a cross-sectional view of a base according to certain embodiments. The cross-section of  FIG. 21  is taken along line  21  in  FIG. 19 . The cross-section illustrates pivot point  1920 , lever pivot point  1930 , elevated portion  1940 , and the recessed portion  1950 . 
         [0056]      FIGS. 22A and 22B  illustrate a third view providing a side view of a base according to certain embodiments.  FIG. 22A  shows a handle  1910 , as well as the elevated portion  1940  and lever pivot point  1930 .  FIG. 22B  shows detail at section  22 B of  FIG. 22A . 
         [0057]      FIG. 23  illustrates a fourth view providing a cross-sectional view of a base according to certain embodiments.  FIG. 23  particularly shows second base stopper  1960  and elevated portion  1940 . 
         [0058]    Various modifications to the above embodiments are possible. For example, while torsion springs are employed by certain embodiments, other biasing mechanisms are also possible. For example, it may be possible to replace the coil springs with cantilever spring, a volute spring, or a constant-force spring. 
         [0059]    For another example, the parts as illustrated are made from metal. However, the parts may be made not only from various metals and metal alloys, but also from polymers or carbon fibers. Other materials are also permitted. 
         [0060]      FIG. 24  illustrates a method according to certain embodiments. As shown in  FIG. 24 , a method can include, at  2410 , mounting a second lever on a first lever configured to pivot about a first axis, wherein the second lever is mounted to pivot about a second axis offset from the first axis. 
         [0061]    The method can also include, at  2420 , biasing the second lever to a first position by a first spring and a second spring. The biasing can include, at  2421 , arranging the first spring and the second spring together as a double bias spring system. The biasing can also include, at  2422 , opposing a torque of the first spring to an opposite torque of the second spring. 
         [0062]    The biasing can further include, at  2423 , mounting a first base stopper on the first lever. The method can additionally include,  2424 , mounting a second base stopper on the first lever. The method can also include, at  2425 , mounting a lever stopper on the second lever. The method can further include, at  2426 , arranging the first spring to be stopped by the first base stopper, the second base stopper, and the lever stopper. The method can additionally include, at  2427 , arranging the second spring to be stopped by the first base stopper and the lever stopper, but not the second base stopper. 
         [0063]    The biasing can include, at  2428 , wrapping a first end of the first spring partially around the first base stopper. The method can also include, at  2429 , arranging the first spring to lose contact with the second base stopper by movement of the second lever into the second position. 
         [0064]    The method can further include, at  2430 , arranging the first lever to engage a braking system of a vehicle when the first lever is pivoted about the first axis and the second lever is in the first position. 
         [0065]    The method can additionally include, at  2440 , arranging the second lever to be pivoted about the second axis to a second position different from the first position. The method can also include, at  2450 , arranging the first lever to disengage a reverse lockout system of the vehicle when the second lever is in the second position. 
         [0066]    The method can further include, at  2460 , arranging the second lever to be pivoted about the second axis to a third position different from the first position or the second position. The method can additionally include, at  2470 , arranging the first lever to hold in a brake activated position to function as a parking brake of the vehicle when the second lever is in the third position. 
         [0067]    One having ordinary skill in the art will readily understand that the invention as discussed above may be practiced with steps in a different order, and/or with hardware elements in configurations which are different than those which are disclosed. Therefore, although the invention has been described based upon these preferred embodiments, it would be apparent to those of skill in the art that certain modifications, variations, and alternative constructions would be apparent, while remaining within the spirit and scope of the invention. In order to determine the metes and bounds of the invention, therefore, reference should be made to the appended claims.