Abstract:
Device for placing label sleeves ( 2 ) onto containers ( 1 ) such as bottles or similar items by means of a first apertured pusher ( 4 ), positioned coaxially with respect to a container which carries a partially positioned label sleeve, and which can be moved forward and backward axially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the container, in a controlled manner, and whose internal diameter is at least slightly smaller than the diameter of the label sleeve ( 2 ) and, coaxially with respect to the first apertured pusher ( 4 ), a second pusher ( 5 ) is provided internally, which is led in a manner so it can be moved axially with respect to the first apertured pusher ( 4 ).

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention relates to a device for placing label sleeves onto containers such as bottles or similar items. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     A device is known from U.S. Pat. No. 4,237,675 for the axial placement of label sleeves made of heat shrinkable plastic film material. With the help of an apertured disk which can be moved in a controlled manner longitudinally with respect to a high axis of a bottle, the label sleeve which initially, at the time it enters into the device, is only temporarily positioned from the top onto the bottle shoulder, is shifted axially into the desired final position. If, in this final position, the upper edge of the label sleeve presents only a small radial interval with respect to the shaped shoulder of the bottle exterior, which is pulled inward, it is possible to choose an internal diameter of the apertured disk which is only slightly smaller than the diameter of the label sleeve, so that the apertured disk does not come in contact with the bottle wall. The problem which arises in this context is that, especially in the starting phase of the motion of placement of the label sleeve, its upper edge is very unstable, due to the small material thickness. Thus there is a risk that the label edge will buckle radially inward in the case where a force with axial direction is applied, resulting later during the course of the procedure in its insertion into the opening of the apertured disk, which means that, from that time on, no additional axial movement of the label sleeve occurs. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention is based on the problem of providing a device for placing label sleeves onto containers such as bottles or similar items, which device presents an increased operational reliability. 
     The solution according to the invention provides the advantage that, precisely at the beginning of the placement motion, when, because of the high buckling length of the label sleeve, which in this phase is still largely free standing, the risk of inward buckling is highest, the upper label edge is prevented from sliding through into the free aperture cross section of the label pusher, in an effective manner. During the traction of the placement movement, the free buckling length is continuously decreased as a result of the increasing bracing of the bottle wall on the radial internal side, and, consequently, the risk of a radial inward buckling of the upper label edge continuously decreases. 
     According to a variant the invention, it is advantageous to hold a bottle, during the axial placement of a label sleeve, in an upright position with its bottom on a standing surface, preferably with axial clamping between its bottom and head area. 
     According to an additional variant of the invention, it is advantageous, at the beginning of the placement movement, to raise the label sleeve pusher again, after a short downward movement, again in the opposite direction, and then to again carry out a placement movement, which is directed downward, in this case until the final position is reached. By this measure, a preliminary positioning (centering) of the label sleeve which initially is only loosely positioned the bottle with its lower edge, is achieved, which is particularly advantageous in the case of label sleeves that are in a diagonal position. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     Below, preferred embodiment examples are described with reference to the figure. In the figures: 
     FIG. 1 shows a top view onto a machine for placing label sleeves onto bottles, in a schematic representation, 
     FIG. 2 is a vertical cross section along line I—I in FIG. 1, 
     FIG. 3 is a development of the cam curve of FIG. 2, 
     FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic top view onto a machine according to a second embodiment variant, and 
     FIG. 5 is a vertical cross section along line V—V in FIG.  4 . 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     FIG. 1 shows a continuously working machine of the rotating construction type, which essentially consists of a conveyor A to supply and remove bottles  1 , a one-part worm B, an inlet star wheel C, a carousel D, an outlet star wheel E, as well as a label tube cutting unit F, which is arranged above the inlet star wheel C. The above-mentioned construction components for transporting the bottles  1  are continuously driven in directions corresponding to the arrows, with synchronized speeds and positions. 
     The inlet star wheel C as well as the outlet star wheel E can be equipped, in a manner which is not further detailed, with controllable gripper devices to grip and release bottles  1  by their body and/or neck area. Corresponding star wheel constructions are known from U.S. Pat. No. 5,607,045. 
     The design of a label tube cutting unit F can, for example, be in accordance with DE-OS 2950785. 
     Carousel D has bottle plates  10  which are distributed over its circumference, at equal intervals, on a shared divided circle, with pusher arrangements  3  which are arranged coaxially above the carousel, and which can be lifted and lowered in a controlled manner. Carousel D is held in a bearing about a vertical rotation axis  21 , in a manner so it can be continuously driven in a rotating movement. 
     From FIG. 2, the construction design of carousel D can be seen in detail. It essentially consists of a rotating table  7  which carries the bottle plates  10 , and above it, a disk  12 , which is located at a distance and presents apertures which are arranged so they are aligned with the bottle plates  10 , as well as, above and again at some distance, a ring  20  which is also is provided with apertures which are aligned with the bottle plates  10 . All three construction components  7 ,  12  and  20  are coupled to each other with torsional rigidity, and they are held in a bearing allowing rotation about the vertical machine axis  21 . The apertures which are aligned in pairs, located in the disk  12  and the ring  20 , are penetrated in each case by a pipe  9  which is led so it can be vertically moved, and to which a roller holder  16  is clamped, which carries on its side turned toward the rotation axis  21 , a cam roller  17  in a bearing allowing free rotation. This cam roller  17  penetrates into the nut of a cam curve  18  which is held with torsional rigidity. To prevent torsion of the roller holder  16 , the latter is led along a vertical cam rod  19 , which is shown, in the right half of FIG. 2, in a position which is rotated outward by 90° in comparison to the normal position, and which is normally located, viewed in the direction of circumferential movement, behind the pipe  9  in an orientation parallel to the pipe. 
     In pipe  9 , a coaxially moveable rod  11  is led, which extends outward, both at the top and at the bottom end of the pipe  9 . At its top end, an abutment  15  is located, while at the bottom end, a centering bell  6  for a bottle head is attached, in a removable manner, and in a bearing allowing free rotation, On the rod  11 , in the area between the upper end of the pipe  9  and a retaining ring  13 , attached to the rod  11 , a long coil spring  14  is arranged. By means of this coil spring  14 , the rod  11  is permanently subjected to a positive force in the direction of the bottle plate  10 . 
     At the end of the pipe  9  which is directed toward the bottle plate  10 , a pipe-like apertured pusher  4  is rigidly clamped below the disk  12 . In the cylindrical internal aperture of the first apertured pusher, a second apertured pusher  5  is led in a manner allowing axial shifting, which apertured pusher  4  is permanently subjected to a downward force in the direction toward a projection  4   b , which is formed to form a steplike shape in the first apertured pusher  4 , and which serves as bottom abutment, by means of a pressure spring  8  which rests on the first apertured pusher  4 . On the second apertured pusher  5 , a corresponding projection  5   b  is shaped, which can be applied against  4   b.    
     While the first external apertured pusher  4  presents, on its side which is turned toward the bottle plate  10 , a planar, horizontally oriented front surface  4   a , the internal, second apertured pusher  5  presents an outer conical surface  5   a . The internal diameter of the front side of the first apertured pusher  4  and the external diameter of the second apertured pusher  5  present a smaller dimension than the diameter of a label sleeve  2 . The diameter is chosen in such a manner that the first apertured pusher  4 , when the desired final position of the label sleeve  2  on a bottle  1  is reached, is not applied against the external side of the bottle, so that the sleeve cannot become jammed in the apertured pusher  4 . 
     FIG. 3 shows the development of the cam curve  18  used to control the height position of the pusher arrangements  3 . Their zero degree setting is marked in FIG.  4  and it is located in the middle of the area between the outlet star wheel E and the inlet star wheel C. 
     According to FIGS. 4 and 5, a grip clamp  22  for the bottles  1  can be associated with each bottle plate  10 , on the latter&#39;s radial internal side, which grip clamp is controllable and rotates on the rotating table 7, and is formed by a pair of levers which can be tilted in opposite directions. Between the levers, a control cam  23  is located for a targeted swinging of the levers toward each other or away from each other, to grip a bottle by its body in an area close to the bottom, or to release a bottle. For details, reference is again mde to U.S. Pat. No. 5,607,045. 
     The use of grip clamps  22  is advantageous if the rotational speed of the bottles on the rotating table  7  is so high that, in the case of the transport of free standing bottles, the bottles would start to slide or tip over. The result is an increase in the operational reliability, even in the case of a possible emergency stop of the machine. 
     The course of the process is described below with reference to the figures. 
     Bottles  1  which are supplied on the conveyor A on the inlet side are gripped by the one-part worm B, separated out onto the machine partition, and transferred to the inlet star wheel C. The inlet star wheel C leads the bottles under and past the stationarily arranged label tube cutting unit F, where, at that time, a label sleeve  2  presenting an excessively large diameter, is separated from a prefolded label tube and its bottom edge is partially placed on the bottle shoulder  1   a (comparable to FIG. 2, left half). After the transfer of the bottle  1  to a bottle plate  10  of the rotating table  7 , the bottle is gripped by a machine designed in accordance with FIG. 4, immediately after the transfer by the inlet star wheel  7 , by a grip clamp  22  which holds it body surface close to the bottom. This occurs as a result of the actuation of the control cam  23  which can be tilted about a vertical axis. The entire pusher arrangement  3  is then, at the time of passage through a cam section  18   a  of the cam curve  18 , first partially lowered downward in the direction toward the bottle  1 , and then again lifted in the cam section  18   b . During the lowering movement, the front surface  4   a  and optionally the outer conical surface  5   a  of the apertured pusher  4  or  5  for a short time comes in contact with the upper edge of the label sleeve  2 , to center it and to partially move it axially downward. This process is repeated two more times during the passage through the cam sections  18   a ′,  18   b ′and  18   a ″. At the end of the cam section  18   a ″, the centering bell  6  is applied to the top front surface of the bottle  1 , so that the bottle, during the continuation of the process, is axially clamped between the centering bell and the bottle plate  10 . During the passage through the next cam section  18   c , the grip clamps are separated, in the case of a machine equipped with grip clamps  22  (embodiment according to FIGS.  4  and  5 ), so that they are no longer applied against the body surface of the bottle  1 . During the passage of the subsequent cam section  18   d , the pusher arrangement  3  is moved downward by the controlled curve roller  17 , where the downward movement of the second apertured puser  5  is stopped at the time when the bottle shoulder  1   a , which is sloped radially inward, is reached. The external, first apertured pusher  4 , in contrast, continues to move downward until its lowest position is reached, which determines the height of adhesion of the label sleeve  2  on the bottle  1  (FIG. 2, right half of the figure). The subsequent cam section  18   e , which moves upward, is designed so that when the point of transfer to the outlet star wheel E is reached, the top end of the pipe  9  is applied against the abutment  15 , during which process the centering bell  6  is lifted from the bottle head by means of the rod  11 .