Abstract:
A ventilation member having: a breathable film transmitting gas passing through an opening portion of a housing in a state in which the breathable film is fixed to the opening portion; and a support including a supporting portion for supporting the breathable film and an insertion portion to be inserted into the opening portion of the housing; wherein a lock structure for locking the support in the housing by rotating the support around a central axis of the support is formed in the insertion portion.

Description:
[0001]    The present application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-140629, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0003]    The present invention relates to a ventilation member fixed to a housing for automobile electrical components or the like, and the housing to which the ventilation member is fixed.  
           [0004]    2. Related Art  
           [0005]    Ventilation members are attached to various housings of automobile electrical components such as ECUs (Electronic Control Units), lamps, motors, various sensors, pressure switches and actuators; cellular phones; cameras; electric shavers; electric toothbrushes; and lamps for outdoor use.  
           [0006]    Each of the ventilation members prevents water or dust from invading the inside of a housing while playing various roles in accordance with the kind of housing to which the ventilation member is attached. The roles include propagation of voice, discharge of gas generated inside the housing, and relaxation of a change of pressure inside the housing caused by a change of temperature.  
           [0007]    [0007]FIGS. 13A and 13B show an example of a related-art ventilation member. A ventilation member  51  shown in each of FIGS. 13A and 13B is used for an equipment housing to be exposed to contaminants such as rain, muddy water or oils, for example, for automobile electric components. The ventilation member  51  has an L-shaped or U-shaped (not shown) tubular body. The ventilation member  51  may have a structure having a maze  52  internally. One end of the ventilation member  51  is outer-fitted to a neck portion  50   a  provided in a housing  50  so that the ventilation member  51  is fixed to the housing.  
           [0008]    [0008]FIGS. 14A and 14B show another example of a related-art ventilation member. In a ventilation member  60  shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, a substantially cylindrical body  62  is fitted to the inside of a cover part  61  so as to form a ventilation path between the inner circumference of the cover part  61  and the outer circumference of the substantially cylindrical body  62  and between the bottom surface of the cover part  61  and the bottom portion of the substantially cylindrical body  62 . When an opening in the bottom portion of the substantially cylindrical body  62  is covered with a filter  63 , the ventilation member  60  can also exert a higher water-proofing property and a higher dust-proofing property (disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-143524). An opening  62   a  in the top portion of the substantially cylindrical body  62  is outer-fitted to the neck portion  50   a  of the housing  50  so that the ventilation member  60  is fixed to the housing.  
           [0009]    [0009]FIG. 15 shows another example of a related-art ventilation member. In a ventilation member  70  shown in FIG. 15, a tapered insertion portion  71   a  is formed in one end portion of a disc-like elastomer member  71 , while a splash guard cover  71   b  is formed on the other end portion of the disc-like elastomer member  71 , and a breathable film  72  is fixedly deposited on the way of a ventilation flow path penetrating between the one end portion and the outer circumference of the other end portion. A sealing/fixing portion  71   c  for fixedly retaining a housing  7  in cooperation with the insertion portion  71   a  is formed in the outer circumference of the elastomer member  71  (disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 85536/1998). The insertion portion  71   a  is pressed into the opening portion of the housing so that the ventilation member  70  is fixed to the housing.  
           [0010]    However, the ventilation members have the following problems.  
           [0011]    Each of the ventilation members  51  and  60  shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B and FIGS. 14A and 14B is fixed to the housing  50  only by outer fitting to the neck portion  50   a  of the housing  50 . Therefore, there is a possibility that the ventilation member may be pulled out of the housing.  
           [0012]    On the other hand, in the ventilation member  70  shown in FIG. 15, the surface abutting against the housing  7  is made of elastomer. Therefore, when oil invades a part of the surface of the ventilation member  70  abutting against the housing  7 , it becomes easy to detach the ventilation member  70  from the housing. It cannot be therefore said that the ventilation member  70  is suitable as a ventilation member for a housing used in an environment easy for oil to adhere to the ventilation member.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0013]    According to the invention, there is provided a ventilation member having: a breathable film transmitting gas passing through an opening portion of a housing in a state in which the breathable film is fixed to the opening portion; and a support including a supporting portion for supporting the breathable film and an insertion portion to be inserted into the opening portion of the housing; wherein a lock structure for locking the support in the housing by rotating the support around a central axis of the support is formed in the insertion portion.  
           [0014]    According to the ventilation member of the invention, the possibility that the ventilation member is pulled out of the housing can be reduced. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0015]    [0015]FIG. 1 is an exploded view showing an example of a ventilation member according to the invention;  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 2A is a view for explaining the state where the ventilation member shown in FIG. 1 has been fixed to a housing, and FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken on line A-A′ in FIG. 2A;  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another example of the ventilation member according to the invention;  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 4A is an exploded view showing another example of the ventilation member according to the invention, and FIG. 4B is a sectional view of the ventilation member shown in FIG. 4A;  
         [0019]    [0019]FIGS. 5A to  5 G are views of supports of ventilation members according to the invention when observed in the gas permeable direction;  
         [0020]    [0020]FIGS. 6A to  6 F are views of supports of ventilation members according to the invention when observed in the gas permeable direction;  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 7A is an exploded view showing an example of a ventilation member according to the invention, and FIG. 7B is a sectional view of the ventilation member shown in FIG. 7A; and  
         [0022]    [0022]FIGS. 8A to  8 C are views for explaining the operation of fixing the ventilation member shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B to a housing;  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 9A is a perspective view of a connector to which a ventilation member according to the invention has been fixed, and FIG. 9B is a sectional view taken on line B-B′ in FIG. 9A;  
         [0024]    [0024]FIG. 10A is a perspective view of an automobile lamp to which a ventilation member according to the invention has been fixed, and FIG. 10B is a sectional view taken on line C-C′ in FIG. 10A;  
         [0025]    [0025]FIG. 11 is a partially sectional view of an electric toothbrush to which a ventilation member according to the invention has been fixed;  
         [0026]    [0026]FIG. 12A is a perspective view of an ECU to which a ventilation member according to the invention has been fixed, and FIG. 12B is a back view of a top cover of an ECU cover;  
         [0027]    [0027]FIGS. 13A and 13B are sectional views for explaining an example of a related-art ventilation member;  
         [0028]    [0028]FIG. 14A is an exploded view for explaining another example of a related-art ventilation member, and FIG. 14B is a sectional view of the ventilation member shown in FIG. 14A; and  
         [0029]    [0029]FIG. 15 is a sectional view for explaining another example of a related-art ventilation member. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0030]    Preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.  
         [0031]    (Embodiment 1)  
         [0032]    Description will be made about an embodiment of a ventilation member according to the invention with reference to FIGS. 1, 2A,  2 B,  3 ,  4 A,  4 B,  5 A to  5 G,  6 A to  6 F,  7 A, and  7 B.  
         [0033]    A ventilation member  1  shown in FIGS. 1, 2A and  2 B is a ventilation member including a breathable film  4 . The breathable film  4  transmits gas passing through an opening portion  8  of a housing  7  when the breathable film  4  is fixed to the opening portion  8 . The ventilation member  1  further includes a support  2 . The support  2  includes a supporting portion  2   a  for supporting the breathable film  4 , and an insertion portion  2   b  to be inserted into the opening portion  8  of the housing  7 . A spiral groove  2   c  is formed in the outer circumference of the insertion portion  2   b . By screwing the insertion portion  2   b  down to a female screw  8   a  formed in the opening portion  8  of the housing  7 , the ventilation member  1  can be fixed to the opening portion  8  of the housing  7 . Thus, the possibility that the ventilation member  1  is pulled out of the housing  7  can be reduced. In addition, the ventilation member  1  can be removed from the housing  7  in accordance with necessity.  
         [0034]    Through holes  3  penetrating the supporting portion  2   a  and the insertion portion  2   b  are formed in a central portion of the support  2 . The breathable film  4  is fixedly attached to the supporting portion  2   a  so as to cover the through holes  3 . The size of the through holes  3  may be determined appropriately in consideration of the kind of housing to which the ventilation member  1  is fixed and the permeability of the breathable film  4 . The area of the through holes  3  (area on a plane perpendicular to the gas permeable direction) may be set to be 0.001-100 cm 2 .  
         [0035]    In addition, a plurality of through holes  3  are provided in the surface abutting against the breathable film  4  as shown in FIG. 2B. When a plurality of through holes  3  are formed in the surface covered with the breathable film  4  in such a manner, the center of the breathable film  4  is also supported by the supporting portion  2   a . It is therefore possible to suppress the damage of the breathable film  4  from external force.  
         [0036]    The shape of the supporting portion  2   a  is not limited particularly, but may be like a disc having a larger diameter than that of the insertion portion  2   b , as shown in FIGS. 1, 2A and  2 B. The supporting portion  2   a  may have a larger diameter than that of the opening portion  8  formed in the housing  7  so as to be disposed to cover the opening portion  8 .  
         [0037]    In addition, the surface of the supporting portion  2   a  abutting against the breathable film  4  is formed into a curved surface as shown in FIG. 2B. In such a manner, when the curved surface having a circumferential edge portion lower in height than a central portion is used as the supporting surface, the property of water drainage is improved suitably as a property of a ventilation member for a housing for use in an environment easy to be affected by water. Incidentally, in place of the curved surface of the supporting portion  2   a  abutting against the breathable film  4  as described above, for example, the shape of the supporting portion  2   a  may be formed into a conical shape. In this case, the breathable film  4  is fixedly attached to the slope of the conical shape so that the property of water drainage can be improved.  
         [0038]    Thermoplastic resin easy to mold is preferably used as the material of the support  2  without any particular limitation. Examples of such thermoplastic resin to be used include polybutyleneterephthalate (PBT), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polysulfone (PS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), ABS resin, thermoplastic elastomer, or composite materials of these thermoplastic resins. Other than the thermoplastic resins, composite materials in which reinforcement materials such as glass fibers or carbon fibers, or metal is compounded with thermoplastic resin so as to improve the heat resistance, the dimensional stability and the rigidity may be used.  
         [0039]    When the housing to which the ventilation member is fixed is used in an environment having a large change in temperature, it is preferable that materials low in deterioration caused by heat, for example, the thermoplastic resins other than thermoplastic elastomer are used as the material of the support. Particularly, PBT, PPS or PS is preferred.  
         [0040]    The method for forming the support  2  is not limited particularly. For example, the support  2  may be formed by injection molding or cutting.  
         [0041]    The material, structure and form of the breathable film  4  are not limited particularly if sufficient permeability can be secured. It is, however, preferable to select at least one kind from fluororesin porous materials and polyolefin porous materials. Examples of fluororesins include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polychlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro alkyl vinyl ether copolymer, and tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer. Examples of polyolefin monomers include ethylene, propylene, 4-methylpentene-1, and 1-butene. Polyolefins obtained by simply polymerizing or copolymerizing these monomers may be used. In addition, two or more kinds of such polyolefins may be blended, or laminated in layers. Of these, PTFE porous material is particularly preferred because it can keep permeability even in a small area and has a high function of preventing water or dust from invading the inside of the housing.  
         [0042]    As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2B, a reinforcement material  5  may be laminated to the breathable film  4 . When the reinforcement material  5  is laminated to one side of the breathable film  4  in such a manner, the reinforcement material  5  may be laminated to a surface opposite to the surface shown in FIGS. 1 and 2B. The material, structure and form of the reinforcement material  5  are not limited particularly. It is, however, preferable to use a material having a pore size larger than that of the breathable film  4  and superior in gas permeability, such as woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, mesh, net, sponge, foam, metal porous material, or metal mesh. When heat resistance is required, it is preferable to use a reinforcement material made of polyester, polyamide, aramid resin, polyimide, fluororesin, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, or metal. Incidentally, although the reinforcement material  5  is laminated to one side of the breathable film  4  in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2B, the reinforcement material  5  may be laminated to the both sides of the breathable film  4 .  
         [0043]    As for the method for laminating the reinforcement material  5  to the breathable film  4 , they may be put on top of each other simply, or joined to each other. For example, the joining may be performed in a method of adhesive lamination, thermal lamination, heating deposition, ultrasonic deposition, or adhesion with an adhesive agent. For example, when the breathable film  4  and the reinforcement material  5  are laminated by thermal lamination, a part of the reinforcement material  5  may be heated and melted to be bonded to the breathable film  4 . Alternatively, the breathable film  4  and the reinforcement material  5  may be bonded through a fusion bonding agent such as hot melt powder.  
         [0044]    Liquid-repellent treatment such as water-repellent treatment or oil-repellent treatment may be given to the breathable film  4  in accordance with the application of the housing. The liquid-repellent treatment can be carried out by applying the breathable film  4  with a substance having a small surface tension, drying the substance and then curing the substance. The liquid-repellent agent is not limited particularly so long as a coat lower in surface tension than the breathable film can be formed as the liquid-repellent agent. It is, however, preferable to use polymer having a perfluoro alkyl group. Examples of such polymers for use include Fluorad (made by Sumitomo 3M Ltd.), Scotchguard (made by Sumitomo 3M Ltd.), Texguard (made by Daikin Industries, Ltd.), Unidyne (made by Daikin Industries, Ltd.), and Asahi Guard (made by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) (all under trade names). The liquid-repellent agent may be applied by impregnation or spraying.  
         [0045]    As for the method for supporting the breathable film  4  on the supporting portion  2   a , a method of heating deposition, ultrasonic deposition or adhesion using an adhesive agent is suitable because peeling or floating hardly occurs. From the point of view of handiness, heating deposition or ultrasonic deposition is preferred. When the reinforcement material  5  is laminated to the breathable film  4 , any supporting method may be employed without particular limitation as long as the reinforcement material  5  can be fixedly attached to the support  2 . Incidentally, when a high liquid-repellent property is required, preferably, the reinforcement material  5  is fixedly attached to the support  2  while the surface higher in liquid-repellent property faces the outside of the housing.  
         [0046]    As another method for supporting the breathable film  4  on the supporting portion  2   a , the breathable film  4  may be disposed in a mold for forming the support  2  when the support  2  is injection-molded. In this case, the breathable film  4  is integrated with the support  2 .  
         [0047]    In addition, when a seal portion  2   d  is provided on the surface of the supporting portion  2   a  facing the housing as shown in FIG. 3, the adhesion or air tightness between the housing  7  and the ventilation member  1  can be enhanced. Particularly, when thermoplastic resin other than elastomer is used for the supporting portion  2   a , it is preferable to form the seal portion  2   d  so as to enhance the sealing performance.  
         [0048]    Examples of preferred materials for the sealing portion  2   d  include elastomers or foams such as nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM or EPDM) and silicone rubber.  
         [0049]    For example, the seal portion  2   d  may be provided by outer fitting an O-ring of the above-mentioned material to the insertion portion  2   b , or may be formed on one side of the supporting portion  2   a  by two-color molding.  
         [0050]    In addition, when the support  2  has a protective portion  2   e  covering at least a part of the breathable film  4  from above of the breathable film  4  as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the breathable film  4  is damaged by external force or the ventilation is blocked by sand or mud accumulated on the surface of the breathable film.  
         [0051]    The shape of the protective portion  2   e  is not limited particularly as long as it is a shape not spoiling the permeability of the ventilation member  1 . It is, however, preferable that a plurality of opening portions  2   f  are formed in positions where they cannot be viewed when observed in the gas permeable direction, for example, in the side surface of the protective portion  2   e  as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B. Incidentally, opening portions  2   f  maybe also formed in an upper surface  2   g  of the protective portion  2   e  as long as the opening portions  2   f  do not spoil the effect of protecting the breathable film  4 . In addition, it is preferable that the opening portions  2   f  are formed as divided small holes from the point of view of keeping the strength of the support  2  and effectively preventing invasion of matters.  
         [0052]    As the material of the protective portion  2   e , a material similar to that of the other portion of the support  2  may be used. The method for integrating the protective portion  2   e  with the other portion of the support  2  is not limited particularly. The integration may be attained in a method of heating deposition, ultrasonic deposition, vibration deposition, adhesion using an adhesive agent, fitting, or screwing. Particularly, heating deposition or ultrasonic deposition is preferred because of its low cost and easiness.  
         [0053]    In addition, in order to make the ventilation member  1  easy to screw down with a tool or fingers, it is preferable that the outer shape of the support  2  is a shape selected from a circle and polygons when the support  2  is observed in the gas permeable direction. Examples of such a shape include a perfect circle, an ellipse, a hexagon, a pentagon, a quadrangle, and a triangle as shown in FIGS. 5A to  5 F. In addition to the shapes described above, for example, as shown in FIG. 5G, the outer shape of the support  2  observed in the gas permeable direction may be a shape having a straight line portion in its outline, preferably a shape having a pair of straight line portions parallel with each other.  
         [0054]    In addition, when an engagement structure with which a tool can be engaged is provided in the support  2 , the ventilation member  1  can be fixed to the housing  7  efficiently. It is preferable that the engagement structure includes at least one kind selected from a convex portion and a concave portion. In addition, it is preferable that the engagement structure is formed in at least one surface selected from the surface of the support which can be viewed when the support is observed in the gas permeable direction from the outside of the housing, and the outer circumferential surface of the support.  
         [0055]    The engagement structure is, for example, of convex or concave portions  2   h  formed in the surface of the support which can be viewed when the support  2  is observed in the gas permeable direction from the outside of the housing, as shown in FIG. 6A. The convex or concave portions  2   h  are formed symmetrically with respect to the center of this surface. The outer shape of each of the convex or concave portions  2   h  is circular. Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 6B to  6 D, the engagement structure may be formed into a convex or concave portion  2   i  having a− (minus) shape as its outer shape formed in the surface of the support  2  which can be viewed when the support  2  is observed in the gas permeable direction from the outside of the housing, a convex or concave portion  2   j  having a+ (plus) shape as its outer shape likewise, or a convex or concave portion  2   k  having a polygonal shape as its outer shape likewise. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6E or  6 F, the engagement structure may be formed into concave portions  2   m  or convex portions  2   n , which are formed in the outer circumferential surface of the support  2  and symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the support  2  and whose outer shape is semicircular when the support  2  is observed in the gas permeable direction.  
         [0056]    In addition, if the convex portions  2   h ,  2   i ,  2   j ,  2   k  and  2   n  are designed to be broken when force not smaller than predetermined one is applied thereto, it becomes difficult to detach the ventilation member  1  from the housing  7  after the ventilation member  1  is fixed to the housing  7 . Thus, it is possible to prevent the ventilation member  1  from being detached from the housing  7 .  
         [0057]    (Embodiment 2)  
         [0058]    Another embodiment of a ventilation member according to the invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7A and 7B and FIGS. 8A to  8 C.  
         [0059]    A ventilation member  21  shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B is a ventilation member including a breathable film  4 . The breathable film  4  transmits gas passing through an opening portion  8  of a housing  7  when the breathable film  4  is fixed to the opening portion  8 . The ventilation member  21  further includes a support  2 . The support  2  includes a supporting portion  2   a  for supporting the breathable film  4 , and an insertion portion  2   b  to be inserted into the opening portion  8  of the housing  7 . At least one protrusion portion  2   p  is formed in the outer circumference of the insertion-start-side end portion of the insertion portion  2   b.    
         [0060]    The insertion portion  2   b  has a columnar shape whose diameter is substantially the same as that of the opening portion  8  of the housing  7  in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. Four protrusion portions  2   p  are formed in the outer circumference of the insertion-start-side end portion of the insertion portion  2   b . When the ventilation member  21  is fixed to the housing  7 , first, the insertion portion  2   b  is inserted into the opening portion  8  of the housing  7  while fitting the protrusion portions.  2   p  into guide grooves  8   b  formed in the inner surface of the opening portion  8 . Successively, when the support  2  is rotated in one direction around the central axis of the support  2 , the protrusion portions  2   p  are fitted to fitting grooves  7   b  formed in the inner surface of the housing  7  so that the ventilation member  21  can be fixed to the opening portion  8  of the housing  7 .  
         [0061]    Description will be made further in detail. As shown in FIGS. 8A to  8 C, a tapered surface  7   a  getting higher in height in the direction of rotating the support  2  is formed in the inner surface of the housing  7 , and the fitting grooves  7   b  for fitting the protrusion portions  2   p  thereto are formed ahead of the tapered surface  7   a . After the protrusion portions  2   p  have climbed over the tapered surface  7   a  and fitted into the fitting grooves  7   b , the support  2  cannot be detached from the housing  7  easily. Thus, the possibility that the ventilation member  21  is pulled out of the housing  7  is reduced.  
         [0062]    Incidentally, although four protrusion portions  2   p  are formed in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B and FIGS. 8A to  8 C, the invention is not limited thereto. It will go well if at least one protrusion portion  2   p  is formed. When a plurality of protrusion portions are formed circumferentially at an equal interval, the ventilation member  21  can be firmly fixed to the housing  7 .  
         [0063]    Next, FIGS. 9A, 9B,  10 A,  10 B,  11 ,  12 A and  12 B show examples of vented housings to which ventilation members according to the invention have been fixed respectively. The ventilation member  1  shown in FIG. 1 has been fixed to a connector shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B. The ventilation member  21  shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B has been fixed to an automobile lamp shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B. The ventilation member  21  shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B has been fixed to an electric toothbrush shown in FIG. 11. The ventilation member  1  shown in FIG. 1 has been fixed to an ECU shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B. However, housings to which ventilation members according to the invention are fixed are not limited to these housings. In addition, the number of ventilation members according to the invention to be fixed to a housing is not limited particularly. A plurality of ventilation members may be attached to different sides of a housing or one and the same side of a housing.  
       EXAMPLES  
       [0064]    Although the invention will be described below in further detail by use of its examples, the invention is not limited to the following examples.  
       Example 1  
       [0065]    As Example 1, the ventilation member  1  shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B was produced as follows.  
         [0066]    First, the support  2  having a structure shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B was obtained by injection molding out of PBT (CG7640 made by Teijin Ltd., melting point 225° C.). The supporting portion  2   a  of the obtained support was 2.5 mm in thickness and 16 mm in outer diameter, the insertion portion  2   b  of the obtained support was 12 mm in outer diameter, and the through holes  3  provided in the insertion portion  2   b  were 8 mm in inner diameter.  
         [0067]    Next, a PTFE porous material (Microtex NTF1131 made by Nitto Denko Corp., melting point 327° C.) 0.085 mm in thickness and 20 mm in outer diameter was prepared as the breathable film  4 , and polyester-based nonwoven fabric (Axtar made by Toray Industries, Inc., melting point 230° C.) 0.2 mm in thickness was prepared as the reinforcement material  5 . The breathable film  4  and the reinforcement material  5  were contact-bonded by heating deposition at a temperature of 260° C. and at a pressure of 5.0×10 5  Pa for 10 seconds. Thus, a laminate  6  was obtained.  
         [0068]    Successively, the laminate  6  was punched out with an outer diameter of 10 mm. The reinforcement material  5  of the laminate  6  was brought into contact with the supporting portion  2   a  so as to cover the through holes  3  provided in the supporting portion  2   a , and contact-bonded to the supporting portion  2   a  by heating deposition at a temperature of 260° C. and at a pressure of 5.0×10 5  Pa for 30 seconds. Next, the protective portion  2   e  was produced by injection molding out of PBT (CG7640 made by Teijin Ltd., melting point 225° C.). The protective portion  2   e  was 3.5 mm in thickness and 16 mm in outer diameter. Next, the protective portion  2   e  and the supporting portion  2   a  were fixedly attached to each other by heating deposition. Finally, an O-ring made of EPDM as the seal portion  2   d  was fitted onto the insertion portion  2   b . Thus, the ventilation member  1  was obtained.  
         [0069]    On the other hand, a housing  7  to which the ventilation member  1  was to be fixed was produced by injection molding out of PBT (CG7640 made by Teijin Ltd., melting point 225° C.). The outer wall of the obtained housing  7  was 2 mm in thickness, and the opening portion  8  was 12 mm in inner diameter. The ventilation member  1  was screwed to the housing  7  by hand. Thus, a vented housing was obtained.  
       Example 2  
       [0070]    As Example 2, the ventilation member  1  shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B was produced as follows.  
         [0071]    First, the support  2  having a structure shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B was obtained by injection molding out of PP (AW564 made by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., melting point 165° C.). The supporting portion  2   a  of the obtained support was 2.5 mm in thickness and 16 mm in outer diameter, the insertion portion  2   b  of the obtained support was 12 mm in outer diameter, and the through holes  3  provided in the insertion portion  2   b  were 8 mm in inner diameter.  
         [0072]    Next, a PTFE porous material (Microtex NTF1026 made by Nitto Denko Corp., melting point 327° C.) 0.02 mm in thickness and 20 mm in outer diameter was prepared as the breathable film  4 , and polyester-based nonwoven fabric (Axtar made by Toray Industries, Inc., melting point 230° C.) 0.2 mm in thickness was prepared as the reinforcement material  5 . The breathable film  4  and the reinforcement material  5  were contact-bonded by heating deposition at a temperature of 260° C. and at a pressure of 5.0×10 5  Pa for 10 seconds. Thus, a laminate  6  was obtained.  
         [0073]    Successively, the laminate  6  was punched out with an outer diameter of 10 mm. The reinforcement material  5  of the laminate  6  was brought into contact with the supporting portion  2   a  so as to cover the through holes  3  provided in the supporting portion  2   a , and contact-bonded to the supporting portion  2   a  by heating deposition at a temperature of 260° C. and at a pressure of 5.0×10 5  Pa for 30 seconds. Next, the protective portion  2   e  was produced by injection molding out of PP (AW564 made by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., melting point 165° C.). The protective portion  2   e  was 3.5 mm in thickness and 16 mm in outer diameter. Next, the protective portion  2   e  and the supporting portion  2   a  were fixedly attached to each other by heating deposition. Finally, an O-ring made of NBR as the seal portion  2   d  was outer-fitted to the insertion portion  2   b . Thus, the ventilation member  1  was obtained. The ventilation member  1  was screwed to the opening portion  8  of a housing  7  similar to that in Example 1 by hand. Thus, a vented housing was obtained.  
       Example 3  
       [0074]    As Example 3, the ventilation member  21  shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B was produced as follows.  
         [0075]    First, the support  2  having a structure shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B was obtained by injection molding out of PBT (CG7640 made by Teijin Ltd., melting point 225° C.). The supporting portion  2   a  of the obtained support was 2.5 mm in thickness, the insertion portion  2   b  of the obtained support was 9.8 mm in outer diameter, the portion where the protrusion portions  2   p  were formed was 11.4 mm in outer diameter, and the through holes  3  provided in the insertion portion  2   b  were 7 mm in inner diameter. The outer shape of the supporting portion  2   a  observed in the gas permeable direction was an orthohexagon, 8 mm each side.  
         [0076]    Next, a PTFE porous material (Microtex NTF1131 made by Nitto Denko Corp., melting point 327° C.) 0.085 mm in thickness and 20 mm in outer diameter was prepared as the breathable film  4 , and polyester-based nonwoven fabric (Axtar made by Toray Industries, Inc., melting point 230° C.) 0.2 mm in thickness was prepared as the reinforcement material  5 . The breathable film  4  and the reinforcement material  5  were contact-bonded by heating deposition at a temperature of 260° C. and at a pressure of 5.0×10 5  Pa for 10 seconds. Thus, a laminate  6  was obtained.  
         [0077]    Successively, the laminate  6  was punched out with an outer diameter of 8 mm. The reinforcement material  5  of the laminate  6  was brought into contact with the supporting portion  2   a  so as to cover the through holes  3  provided in the supporting portion  2   a , and contact-bonded to the supporting portion  2   a  by heating deposition at a temperature of 260° C. and at a pressure of 5.0×10 5  Pa for 30 seconds. Next, the protective portion  2   e  was produced by injection molding out of PBT (CG7640 made by Teijin Ltd., melting point 225° C.). The protective portion  2   e  was 3.5 mm in thickness. In addition, the outer shape of the protective portion  2   e  observed in the gas permeable direction was an orthohexagon, 8 mm each side.  
         [0078]    Next, the protective portion  2   e  and the supporting portion  2   a  were fixedly attached to each other by heating deposition. Finally, an O-ring made of EPDM as the seal portion  2   d  was inserted into the insertion portion  2   b . Thus, the ventilation member  21  was obtained.  
         [0079]    On the other hand, a housing to which the ventilation member  21  was to be fixed was produced by injection molding out of PBT (CG7640 made by Teijin Ltd., melting point 225° C.). The outer wall of the obtained housing was 2 mm in thickness, and the opening portion  8  was 12 mm in inner diameter in the portion where the guide grooves  8   b  were formed and 10 mm in inner diameter in the other portion. The ventilation member  21  was rotated to be inserted into the opening portion  8  of the housing  7 . Thus, a vented housing was obtained.  
       Example 4  
       [0080]    As Example 4, the ventilation member  21  shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B was produced as follows.  
         [0081]    First, the support  2  having a structure shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B was obtained by injection molding out of PP (AW564 made by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., melting point 165° C.). The supporting portion  2   a  of the obtained support was 2.5 mm in thickness, the insertion portion  2   b  of the obtained support was 9.8 mm in outer diameter, the portion where the protrusion portions  2   p  were formed was 11.4 mm in outer diameter, and the through holes  3  provided in the insertion portion  2   b  were 7 mm in inner diameter. The outer shape of the supporting portion  2   a  observed in the gas permeable direction was an orthoquadrangle, 16 mm each side.  
         [0082]    Next, a PTFE porous material (Microtex NTF1026 made by Nitto Denko Corp., melting point 327° C.) 0.02 mm in thickness and 20 mm in outer diameter was prepared as the breathable film  4 , and polyester-based nonwoven fabric (Axtar made by Toray Industries, Inc., melting point 230° C.) 0.2 mm in thickness was prepared as the reinforcement material  5 . The breathable film  4  and the reinforcement material  5  were contact-bonded by heating deposition at a temperature of 260° C. and at a pressure of 5.0×10 5  Pa for 10 seconds. Thus, a laminate  6  was obtained.  
         [0083]    Successively, the laminate  6  was punched out with an outer diameter of 8 mm. The reinforcement material  5  of the laminate  6  was brought into contact with the supporting portion  2   a  so as to cover the through holes  3  provided in the supporting portion  2   a , and contact-bonded to the supporting portion  2   a  by heating deposition at a temperature of 260° C. and at a pressure of 5.0×10 5  Pa for 30 seconds. Next, the protective portion  2   e  was produced by injection molding out of PP (AW564 made by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., melting point 165° C.). The protective portion  2   e  was 3.5 mm in thickness. In addition, the outer shape of the protective portion  2   e  observed in the gas permeable direction was an orthoquadrangle, 16 mm each side. Next, the protective portion  2   e  and the supporting portion  2   a  were fixedly attached to each other by heating deposition. Finally, an O-ring made of NBR as the seal portion  2   d  was outer-fitted to the insertion portion  2   b . Thus, the ventilation member  21  was obtained. The ventilation member  21  was rotated to be inserted into the opening portion  8  of the housing  7  similar to that in Example 3. Thus, a vented housing was obtained.  
       Comparative Example 1  
       [0084]    The ventilation member  51  shown in FIG. 13A was produced by molding and hot curing out of a material having styrene-butadiene rubber (Tufdene 1000 made by Asahi-Kasei Corp., bending modulus 4.0×10 8  N/m 2 ) as its chief component. The obtained ventilation member  51  was 7.5 mm in inner diameter, 11.5 mm in outer diameter, 2 mm in thickness, and 40 mm in height H.  
         [0085]    On the other hand, the housing  50  shown in FIG. 13A was produced by injection molding as a housing to which the ventilation member  51  was to be fixed. The neck portion  50   a  was formed into a hollow columnar shape, whose outer diameter was larger by 20% than the inner diameter of the ventilation member  51 . The ventilation member  51  was outer-fitted to the neck portion  50   a  for 8 mm. Thus, a vented housing was obtained.  
       Comparative Example 2  
       [0086]    The cover part  61  and the substantially cylindrical body  62  shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B were produced by injection molding out of PP (UBE Polypro J815HK made by Ube Industries, Ltd., bending modulus 1.47×10 9  N/m 2 ) and out of thermoplastic elastomer (Milastomer 6030 made by Mitsui Chemicals Inc., bending modulus 4.41×10 8  N/m 2 ), respectively. The obtained cover part  61  was 17.5 mm in outer diameter and 15.5 mm in inner diameter, and the obtained substantially cylindrical body  62  was 15.5 mm in maximum outer diameter and 7.5 mm in inner diameter in the top portion opening portion  62   a.    
         [0087]    In addition, a PTFE porous material (Microtex NTF1026 made by Nitto Denko Corp., 0.02 mm in thickness, 0.6 μmin average pore size, and 80% in porosity) was prepared as the ventilation filter  63 . Next, the ventilation filter  63  was brought into contact with the bottom portion of the obtained substantially cylindrical body  62 , and then pressed against the bottom portion of the obtained substantially cylindrical body  62  by heating deposition at a temperature of 150° C. and at a pressure of 10×10 4  Pa for 10 seconds. Then, the substantially cylindrical body  62  was fitted to the upper cover part  61 . Thus, the ventilation member  60  was obtained.  
         [0088]    On the other hand, the housing  50  shown in FIG. 14B was produced by injection molding as a housing to which the ventilation member  60  was to be fixed. The neck portion  50   a  was formed into a hollow columnar shape, whose outer diameter was larger by 20% than the inner diameter of the top portion opening portion  62   a . The ventilation member  60  was outer-fitted to the neck portion  50   a  for 8 mm. Thus, a vented housing was obtained.  
         [0089]    Pull-out force was measured in the following method upon the vented housings obtained thus. Table  1  shows the measurement results.  
         [0090]    In the “pull-outtest”, each ventilation member was pulled under the condition of a rate of pulling of 8.33×10 −4  m/s in the direction to pull the ventilation member out of the housing. Then, the maximum value at that time was regarded as pull-out force. Incidentally, when the pull-out force was not smaller than 30 N, it was judged to be impossible to pull out.  
                             TABLE 1                       Pull-Out Force (N)                                    Example 1   impossible to pull out           Example 2   impossible to pull out           Example 3   impossible to pull out           Example 4   impossible to pull out           Comparative Example 1   7.5           Comparative Example 2   19.0                      
 
         [0091]    As described above, according to the invention, a ventilation member in which the possibility that the ventilation member is pulled out of a housing has been reduced, and a vented housing using the ventilation member can be provided.