Abstract:
An active driver includes a mirror circuit suitable for generating a drive voltage and a sink voltage using an external voltage, a first reset circuit suitable for outputting the drive voltage of a logic high level in a standby mode; a second reset circuit suitable for transitioning the drive voltage to a logic low level in response to the sink voltage when being changed from the standby mode to an active mode, and an output circuit suitable for outputting the external voltage as an internal voltage in response to the drive voltage when being changed from the standby mode to the active mode.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     The present application claims priority to Korean patent application number 10-2014-0064723, filed on May 28, 2014, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference. 
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to an active driver and a semiconductor device having the same and, more particularly, to an active driver outputting an internal voltage of a semiconductor device. 
     2. Discussion of Related Art 
     Semiconductor devices include internal voltage generators for supplying stable power supply and ground voltages to its internal circuits. 
     The internal voltage generator operates in standby mode (a standby state) when the semiconductor device is not performing data input and output operations and active mode when the semiconductor device is performing data input and output operations. Therefore, internal voltage generators generally include both an active driver and a standby driver. 
     When changing from standby mode to active mode, due to structural and operational characteristics of the active driver, the output voltage level of the active driver may temporarily drop before rebounding to a normal level. This unwanted voltage drop in the power supply may result in operational concerns within the semiconductor device. It is therefore desirable to find a solution to this concern. 
     SUMMARY 
     Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are directed to an active driver with improved response speed and a semiconductor device having the same. 
     One embodiment of the present invention provides an active driver including a mirror circuit suitable for generating a drive voltage and a sink voltage using an external voltage, a first reset circuit suitable for outputting the drive voltage of a logic high level in a standby mode, a second reset circuit suitable for transitioning the drive voltage to a logic low level in response to the sink voltage when being changed from the standby mode to an active mode, and an output circuit suitable for outputting the external voltage as an internal voltage in response to the drive voltage when being changed from the standby mode to the active mode. 
     Another embodiment of the present invention provides a semiconductor device including an internal circuit in which data is stored, and an internal voltage generator suitable for supplying an internal voltage to the internal circuit when being changed from a standby mode to an active mode, wherein the internal voltage generator includes a mirror circuit suitable for generating a drive voltage and a sink voltage using an external voltage, a first reset circuit suitable for outputting the drive voltage of a logic high level in the standby mode, a second reset circuit suitable for transitioning the drive voltage to a logic low level state in response to the sink voltage when being changed from the standby mode to the active mode, and an output circuit suitable for outputting the external voltage as the internal voltage in response to the drive voltage when being changed from the standby mode to the active mode. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a block diagram for describing a semiconductor device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a circuit diagram for describing an active driver of  FIG. 1  in detail; 
         FIG. 3  is a timing diagram for describing a method of operating an active driver according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a block diagram for describing a solid state drive including a semiconductor device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a block diagram for describing a memory system including a semiconductor device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic block diagram of a computing system including a semiconductor device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The present invention will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will described below in sufficient detail to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to practice the present invention. 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram for describing a semiconductor device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , a semiconductor device  1000  may include an internal circuit  600  in which data is stored and internal voltage generators  100 ,  200 ,  300 ,  400  and  500  configured to supply an internal voltage to the internal circuit  600 . 
     The internal circuit  600  may include a memory cell array in which data is stored, and a circuit configured to program, read, or erase data of the memory cell array. 
     The internal voltage generators  100 ,  200 ,  300 ,  400  and  500  may include an active signal generator  100 , a standby signal generator  200 , a multiplexer (MUX)  300 , an active driver  400 , and a standby driver  500 . 
     The active signal generator  100  may output an active signal SIG_A when the semiconductor device  1000  is in an active mode, and the standby signal generator  200  may output a standby signal SIG_S when the semiconductor device  1000  is in a standby mode. 
     The MUX  300  may output an active reference voltage VREF or a standby reference voltage VFB in response to the active signal SIG_A and the standby signal SIG_S, respectively. Further, the MUX  300  may output various signals for driving the active driver  400  and the standby driver  500 . 
     The active driver  400  and the standby driver  500  may output an internal voltage VDC needed for the active mode and the standby mode in response to the various signals outputted from the MUX  300 . 
     Among the components of the internal voltage generators described above, the active driver  400  will be described in detail below. 
       FIG. 2  is a circuit diagram for describing the active driver of  FIG. 1  in detail. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , the active driver  400  may include a mirror circuit  410 , a first reset circuit  420 , a second reset circuit  430 , and an output circuit  440 . 
     The mirror circuit  410  may receive an external voltage VCCE, and output the received external voltage VCCE as a constant drive voltage DRVP based on the active reference voltage VREF and the standby reference voltage VFB. The mirror circuit  410  will be described in detail below. 
     The mirror circuit  410  may include first to eighth switches S 01  to S 08  connected between a first node N 01 , to which the external voltage VCCE is applied, and a seventh node N 07 , connected to a ground terminal, and may be configured to perform a mirroring operation. The first switch S 01  may connect or disconnect the first node N 01  and a second node N 02  in response to a drive enable signal DRVEN, and may include a P-channel metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) transistor. The second switch S 02  may connect or disconnect the first node N 01  and an eighth node N 08  in response to a first active voltage PGL applied to the second node N 02 , and may include a PMOS transistor. The third switch S 03  may connect or disconnect the first node N 01  and a fourth node N 04  in response to the first active voltage PGL applied to the second node N 02 , and may include a PMOS transistor. The second node N 02  and the fourth node N 04  may be connected to each other. Accordingly, the first active voltage PGL may be applied to the second and fourth nodes N 02  and N 04  in common. The fourth switch S 04  may connect or disconnect the fourth node N 04  and a seventh node N 07  in response to the active reference voltage VREF, and may include an N-channel metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) transistor. 
     The fifth switch S 05  may connect or disconnect the first node N 01  and a third node N 03  in response to the drive enable signal DRVEN, and may include a PMOS transistor. The sixth switch S 06  may connect or disconnect the first node N 01  and a sixth node N 06  in response to a second active voltage PGR applied to the third node N 03 , and may include a PMOS transistor. The seventh switch S 07  may connect or disconnect the first node N 01  and a ninth node N 09  in response to the second active voltage PGR applied to the third node N 03 , and may include a PMOS transistor. The third node N 03  and the sixth node N 06  may be connected to each other. Accordingly, the second active voltage PGR may be applied to the third and sixth nodes N 03  and N 06  in common. The eighth switch S 08  may connect or disconnect the third node N 03  and the seventh node N 07  in response to the standby reference voltage VFB, and may include an NMOS transistor. 
     The drive enable signal DRVEN may be maintained at a “low” level in the standby mode, and may transition to a “high” level when being changed into the active mode. Further, in the standby mode, the active reference voltage VREF and the standby reference voltage VFB may be maintained at the “low” level, but the active reference voltage VREF may have a slightly higher level than the standby reference voltage VFB. When being changed from the standby mode to the active mode, the active reference voltage VREF and the standby reference voltage VFB may simultaneously transition to the “high” level. However, the active reference voltage VREF may reach the “high” level prior to the standby reference voltage VFB since the active reference voltage VREF has a higher level than the standby reference voltage VFB in the “low” level. 
     The first reset circuit  420  may include a twelfth switch S 12  configured to connect or disconnect the first node N 01  and the ninth node N 09  in response to the drive enable signal DRVEN, and may include a PMOS transistor. In the standby mode, the first reset circuit  420  may reset the drive voltage DRVP that is a voltage of the ninth node N 09  as a “high” level. 
     The second reset circuit  430  may include ninth to eleventh switches S 09  to S 11  configured to discharge a potential of the ninth node N 09  in response to a voltage of the eighth node N 08 . The ninth switch S 09  may connect or disconnect the eighth node N 08  and a ground terminal in response to the sink voltage SINK applied to a tenth node N 10 , and may include an NMOS transistor. The tenth node N 10  may be connected to the eighth node N 08 . Since the sink voltage SINK is applied to the tenth node N 10  and the eighth node N 08 , the ninth switch S 09  may be a diode having a forward bias in a direction from the eighth node N 08  toward a ground terminal. The eleventh switch S 11  may connect or disconnect the tenth node N 10  and the ground terminal in response to an inverted drive enable signal DRVEN_N, and may include an NMOS transistor. The inverted drive enable signal DRVEN_N may have an inverted level of the drive enable signal DRVEN. 
     The output circuit  440  may include a thirteenth switch S 13  operating in response to the drive voltage DRVP, and a current path circuit  441  and a discharge circuit  442 . The output circuit  440  is configured to output the Internal voltage VDC in response to the inverted drive enable signal DRVEN_N and the drive voltage DRVP. 
     The thirteenth switch S 13  may connect or disconnect the first node N 01  and an eleventh node N 11  in response to the drive voltage DRVP, and may include a PMOS transistor. The eleventh node N 11  may be an output node of the active driver  400 . 
     The current path circuit  441  may include fourteenth to sixteenth switches S 14  to S 16  connected between the eleventh node N 11  and a ground terminal in series. The fourteenth switch S 14  may connect or disconnect the eleventh node N 11  and a twelfth node N 12  in response to the inverted drive enable signal DRVEN_N, and may include a PMOS transistor. The fifteenth switch N 15  may be a diode having a forward bias in a direction from a thirteenth node N 13  toward the twelfth node N 12 , and the sixteenth switch S 16  may be a diode having a forward bias in a direction from the ground terminal toward the thirteenth node N 13 . Each of the fifteenth and sixteenth switches S 15  and S 16  may include a PMOS transistor. Particularly, the standby reference voltage VFB may be applied to the thirteenth node N 13 . 
     The discharge circuit  442  may include a seventeenth switch S 17  configured to discharge a potential of the thirteenth node N 13  in response to the inverted drive enable signal DRVEN_N in the standby mode. The seventeenth switch S 17  may connect or disconnect the thirteenth node N 13  and a ground terminal in response to the inverted drive enable signal DRVEN_N, and may include an NMOS transistor. 
     An operation of the active driver  400  will be described below in detail with reference to the circuit diagram described above. 
       FIG. 3  is a timing diagram for describing a method of operating an active driver according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 3 , the active driver may generate a floating state of an output node in the standby mode, and output the internal voltage VDC through the output node when being changed from the standby mode to the active mode. A detailed description is as follows. 
     Standby Mode 
     In the standby mode, the drive enable signal DRVEN may be in a “low” level (L), and the inverted drive enable signal DRVEN_N may be in a “high” level (H). The active reference voltage VREF may have a “low” level (L). 
     Since the fifth switch (S 05  of  FIG. 2 ) may be turned on in response to the drive enable signal DRVEN at the “low” level (L), the potential of the third node (N 03  of  FIG. 2 ) may have the “high” level (H). Accordingly, the second active voltage PGR may have the “high” level (H). When the second active voltage PGR may have the “high” level (H), the sixth and seventh switches (S 06  and S 07  of  FIG. 2 ) may be turned off. Since the inverted drive enable signal DRVEN_N is in the “high” level (H), the seventeenth switch (S 17  of  FIG. 2 ) of the output circuit  440  may be turned on, and the thirteenth node (N 13  of  FIG. 2 ), to which the standby reference voltage VFB is applied, may have a potential of the “low” level (L). Since the standby reference voltage VFB has the “low” level (L), the eighth switch (S 08  of  FIG. 2 ) may be turned off. 
     Since the first switch (S 01  of  FIG. 2 ) is turned on in response to the drive enable signal DRVEN of the “low” level (L), the potential of the second node (N 02  of  FIG. 2 ) may have the “high” level (H). Accordingly, the first active voltage PGL may have the “high” level (H). When the first active voltage PGL has the “high” level (H), the second and third switches (S 02  and S 03  of  FIG. 2 ) may be turned off. Since the active reference voltage VREF has the “low” level (L), the fourth switch (S 04  of  FIG. 2 ) may be turned off. 
     The eleventh switch (S 11  of  FIG. 2 ) may be turned on in response to the inverted drive enable signal DRVEN_N at the “high” level (H), and the tenth node (N 10  of  FIG. 2 ) may be grounded. Since the tenth node N 10  is grounded, the sink voltage SINK may have the “low” level (L). Since the sink voltage SINK has the “low” level (L), the ninth and tenth switches (S 09  and S 10  of  FIG. 2 ) may be turned off. 
     Even when the seventh and tenth switches (S 07  and S 10  of  FIG. 2 ) are turned off, the twelfth switch (S 12  of  FIG. 2 ) may be turned on in response to the drive enable signal DRVEN at the “low” level (L). Accordingly, since the first node N 01  and the ninth node N 09  are connected to each other, the drive voltage DRVP at the “high” level (H) may be applied to the ninth node N 09 . Since the drive voltage DRVP has the “high” level (H), the thirteenth switch (S 13  of  FIG. 2 ) of the output circuit ( 440  of  FIG. 2 ) may be turned off. Accordingly, the external voltage VCCE applied to the first node N 01  may not be transferred to the eleventh node N 11  that is the output node of the active driver  400 . 
     Since the inverted drive enable signal DRVEN_N is in the “high” level (H), the fourteenth switch (S 14  of  FIG. 2 ) of the output circuit may be turned off. Since the thirteenth and fourteenth switches (S 13  and S 14 ) are turned off, the eleventh node N 11  that is the output node of the active driver  400  may be in a floating state. 
     Particularly, since the seventeenth switch (S 17  of  FIG. 2 ) is turned on in response to the inverted drive enable signal DRVEN_N of the “high” level (H), the thirteenth node N 13  may be grounded. Accordingly, since the fifteenth switch (S 15  of  FIG. 2 ) is turned on, the twelfth node (N 12  of  FIG. 2 ) may be grounded. 
     When being changed from the standby mode described above to the active mode, the potential of each of the switches and nodes will be described below. 
     Active Mode 
     When being changed to the active mode at time T 1 , the drive enable signal DRVEN may transition to the “high” level (H), and the inverted drive enable signal DRVEN_N may transition to the “low” level (L). The active reference signal VREF may transition to the “high” level (H). 
     Since the drive enable signal DRVEN is in the “high” level (H), the first and fifth switches S 01  and S 05  may be turned off. Since the active reference voltage VREF has the “high” level (H), the fourth switch S 04  may be turned on, and the first active voltage PGL may be lowered to the “low” level (L). Since the first active voltage PGL has the “low” level (L), the second and third switches S 02  and S 03  may be turned on. Since the fourth switch S 04  is turned on, the fourth node N 04  may be maintained at a ground state even when the third switch S 03  is turned on. 
     Since the external voltage VCCE is applied to the eighth node N 08  when the second switch S 02  is turned on, the sink voltage SINK may be increased to the “high” level (H). At this time, since the inverted drive enable signal DRVEN_N is in the “low” level (L), the eleventh switch S 11  may be turned off. Since the tenth switch S 10  is turned on when the sink voltage SINK has the “high” level (H), the ninth node N 09  may be grounded. Since the drive voltage DRVP has the “low” level (L) when the ninth node N 09  is grounded, the thirteenth switch S 13  may be turned on. 
     When the thirteenth switch S 13  is turned on, the external voltage VCCE may be transferred to the eleventh node N 11 . At this time, since the inverted drive enable signal DRVEN_N is in the “low” level (L), the seventeenth switch S 17  may be turned off, and the fourteenth to the sixteenth switches S 14  to S 16  may be turned on. A current path may be formed between the eleventh node N 11  and the ground terminal. That is, when the thirteenth switch S 13  is turned on, the external voltage VCCE may be transferred to the output node, and the fourteenth to sixteenth switches S 14  to S 16  may be turned on to form a current path between the output node and the ground terminal. However, a constant internal voltage VDC may be outputted through the output node due to resistance between the fourteenth to sixteenth switches S 14  to S 16 . 
     Particularly, since potentials of the thirteenth and twelfth nodes N 13  and N 12  of the output circuit  440  are in the “low” level (L) in the standby mode, the active reference voltage VREF may have a higher level than the standby reference voltage VFB when being changed to the active mode. Accordingly, the first active voltage PGL may be quickly lowered to the “low” level (L), and thus the second switch S 02  may be quickly turned on. The faster the turn-on time of the second switch S 10  is, the sooner the sink voltage SINK is increased to the “high” level (H). When the tenth switch S 10  is quickly turned on, the drive voltage DRVP may quickly transition to the “low” level (L). The sooner the drive voltage DRVP transitions to the “low” level (L), the sooner the internal voltage VDC is outputted. 
     Accordingly, if the standby reference voltage VFB is in the high level when the standby mode is changed to the active mode, the internal voltage VDC may drop to a level D 2 , and the internal voltage VDC may reach a normal level at a time A 2 . However, when the reference voltage VFB is in the low level, the internal voltage VDC may drop to a level D 1  higher than the level D 2 , and the internal voltage VDC may become a normal level at a time A 1  shorter than the time A 2 . 
     Accordingly, the change from the standby mode to the active mode may be performed quickly, and an excessive internal voltage drop may be prevented. 
       FIG. 4  is a block diagram for describing a solid state drive including a semiconductor device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 4 , a drive device  2000  may include a host  2100 , and a solid state drive (SSD)  2200 . The SSD  2200  may include a SSD controller  2210 , a buffer memory  2220 , and a semiconductor device  1000 . 
     The SSD controller  2210  may provide a physical connection between the host  2100  and the SSD  2200 . That is, the SSD controller may provide an interface with the SSD  2200  to the host  2100  in response to a bus format of the host  2100 . Particularly, the SSD controller  2210  may decode a command provided from the host  2100 . The SSD controller  2210  may access the semiconductor device  1000  based on the decoded result. The bus format of the host  2100  may include at least one among a universal serial bus (USB) protocol, a small computer system interface (SCSI) protocol, a peripheral component interconnect-express (PCI-Express) protocol, an advanced technology attachment (ATA) protocol, a parallel-ATA (PATA) protocol, a serial-ATA (SATA) protocol, a serial attached SCSI (SAS) protocol, etc. 
     The buffer memory  2220  may temporarily store program data provided from the host  2100  or data read from the internal circuit  600  of the semiconductor device  1000 . When there is data read from the semiconductor device  1000  in the buffer memory  2220  on a read request of the host  2100 , the buffer memory  2220  may provide a cache function in which the temporarily stored data is directly provided to the host  2100 . Generally, the data transmission speed of the bus format (for example, SATA or SAS protocol) of the host  2100  is faster than that of a memory channel of the SSD  2200 . That is, when an interface speed of the host is faster than the data transmission speed of the memory channel of the SSD  2200 , performance degradation generated due to the speed difference may be minimized by providing the buffer memory  2220  with a large capacity. The buffer memory  2220  may include a synchronous dynamic random access memory (DRAM) in order to provide sufficient buffering in the SSD  2200 , which is used as a large-capacity auxiliary memory device. 
     The semiconductor device  1000  may be provided as a storage medium of the SSD  2200 . For example, the semiconductor device  1000  may be a non-volatile memory device with a large storage capacity as described above in  FIG. 1 , and the non-volatile memory device may be a NAND-type flash memory. 
       FIG. 5  is a block diagram for describing a memory system including a semiconductor device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 5 , a memory system  3000  according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a memory controller and a semiconductor device  1000 . 
     Since the semiconductor device  1000  may be configured with substantially the same construction as  FIG. 1 , a detailed description of the semiconductor device  1000  will be omitted. 
     The memory controller  3100  may be configured to control the semiconductor device  1000 . A static random access memory (SRAM) may be used as an operating memory of a central processing unit (CPU)  3120 . A host interface (I/F)  3130  may include a data exchange protocol of a host connected to the memory system  3000 . An error correction circuit (ECC)  3140  may detect and correct an error included in data read from the internal circuit  600  of the semiconductor device  1000 . A semiconductor interface (I/F)  3150  may interface with the semiconductor device  1000 . The CPU  3120  may perform a control operation for data exchange of the memory controller  3100 . Further, although not shown in  FIG. 5 , the memory system  3000  may further include a read only memory (ROM), etc., for storing code data for an interface with the host. 
     The memory system  3000  according to the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to various device including, but not limited to, a computer, an ultra mobile personal computer (UMPC), a workstation, a net-book, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable computer, a web tablet, a wireless phone, a mobile phone, a smart phone, a digital camera, a digital audio recorder, a digital audio player, a digital picture recorder, a digital picture player, a digital video recorder, a digital video player, a device for wirelessly transmitting and receiving information, and various devices configuring a home network. 
       FIG. 6  is a schematic block diagram of a computing system including a semiconductor device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 6 , a computing system  4000  according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a semiconductor device  1000 , a memory controller  4100 , a modem  4200 , a microprocessor  4400 , and a user interface (I/F)  4500 , which are electrically connected to a bus  4300 . When the computing system  4000  according to the embodiment of the present invention is a mobile device, a battery  4600  for supplying an operating voltage to the computing system  4000  may be further provided. Although not shown in  FIG. 6 , the computing system according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include an application chip set, a camera image processor (CIS), a mobile DRAM, etc. 
     Since the semiconductor device  1000  may substantially have the same construction as  FIG. 1 , a detailed description thereof will be omitted. 
     The memory controller  4100  and the semiconductor device may configure a SSD. 
     The semiconductor device  1000  and the memory controller  4100  according to the embodiment of the present invention may be mounted using various types of packages. For example, the semiconductor device  1000  and the memory controller  4100  according to the embodiment of the present invention may be packaged and mounted in various ways, such as a package on package (PoP), a ball grid array (BGA), a chip scale package (CSP), a plastic leaded chip carrier (PLCC), a plastic dual in line package (PDIP), a die in waffle pack, a die in wafer form, a chip on board (COB), a ceramic dual in line package (CERDIP), a plastic metric quad flat package (MQFP), a thin quad flat pack (TQFP), a small outline integrated circuit (SOIC), a shrink small outline package (SSOP), a thin small outline package (TSOP), a system in package (SIP), a multi chip package (MCP), a wafer-level fabricated package (WFP), a wafer-level processed stack package (WSP), or the like. 
     According to embodiments of the present invention, the voltage output, when changing from standby mode to active mode, may reach a normal level quickly by changing the construction and operating method of the active driver. Accordingly, the operating speed and reliability of a semiconductor device including the active driver may be improved. 
     The drawings and specification have disclosed exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept. Although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and are not intended to limit the inventive concept. As for the scope of the invention, it is to be set forth in the following claims. Therefore, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.