Abstract:
In a method for the implementation of a medical examination via the user interface of at least one imaging device, parameter values in a group of measurement parameters are determined, and are entered via an input device of the user interface. Spatially resolved image information are generated by the at least one imaging device depending on the group of measurement parameters, and the image information is stored on a storage medium. The image information are presented as a data symbol on a screen of the user interface. In order to present the parameters and dependencies to enable a more efficient work process, each measurement parameter of the group of measurement parameters is respectively presented on the screen in a measurement parameter cell of a matrix with multiple rows and multiple columns. The measurement parameters can be contained at least in part in multiple measurement parameter cells. The presentation size of the multiple columns of the matrix depends on their distance from the pointer symbol on the screen.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The present invention concerns the setting of measurement parameters for the implementation of medical examinations with imaging methods. In particular, the invention concerns a method and a user interface for implementation of a medical examination. 
         [0003]    2. Description of the Prior Art 
         [0004]    In software for the implementation of imaging methods in medical technology (for example magnetic resonance tomography, computed tomography, etc.) it regularly occurs that the operator must adapt individual parameters of one or more scan protocols in the data acquisition (known as the “scan”). An access to all possible parameters is sometimes necessary. This turns out to be extremely involved and complicated since, depending on the imaging method, there can be up to 200 parameters. Moreover, very complex and detailed dependencies exist among the individual parameters. 
         [0005]    In parameter groups of the type known as the “exam card” of the syngo program that is commercially available from Siemens Healthcare, parameters are distributed among “parameter cards” and “sub-cards” for every individual sequence protocol. These “parameter cards” and “sub-cards” are designated as “Geometry”, “Contrast”, “Physio” and so forth. Because some parameters should be quickly accessible in multiple situations, they appear simultaneously on two or more cards so that redundancies inevitably occur. 
         [0006]    For some measurements with an imaging method (sequence), up to 200 parameters are adjustable that, for example, pertain to the slice count, slice thickness and flip angle as measurement parameters. Many parameter changes thereby affect other parameters; this is handled by a routine known as a Conflict Solver. This is a collection of programmed rules that run in the background and are automatically applied given adjustment of specific constellations of parameter values. A dialog box appears in the user interface in such a case. This informs the operator about the effect of the change on other parameters and presents him or her with the selection to confirm or cancel the change. 
         [0007]    These many setting possibilities are complicated and, among other things, confuse the operator. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0008]    An object of the present invention to provide a method and a user interface in order to present the parameters and dependencies so that a more efficient working process is enabled. 
         [0009]    The invention is based on setting a presentation (designated as a “fisheye”) in order to present the parameters of sequence protocols in the scan. The setting windows are presented in a matrix in which the window size depends on the position of a pointer symbol on the screen. The parameters are simultaneously linked with one another insofar as they are found again in different cells. 
         [0010]    The method according to the invention for the implementation of a medical examination via a user interface of at least one imaging device includes the following steps. Parameter values in a group of measurement parameters are determined and entered via an input device of the user interface. Spatially resolved image information are generated by a processor of the at least one imaging device depending on the group of measurement parameters and the image information is stored on a storage medium. The image information is presented (displayed) as a data symbol on a screen of the user interface. Each measurement parameter of the group of measurement parameters is respectively presented on the screen in a measurement parameter cell of a matrix with multiple rows and multiple columns. The measurement parameters can be contained at least in part in multiple measurement parameter cells. 
         [0011]    Preferred embodiments of the invention can have one or more of the following additional features:
       the position of a pointer symbol on the screen can be controlled via an electromechanical transducer device for the selection of one of the multiple measurement parameter cells, with the presentation size of the multiple columns of the matrix depending on their distance from the pointer symbol on the screen;   the presentation size of the multiple measurement parameter cells in a column of the matrix can depend on their distance from the pointer symbol on the screen,   a button symbol to alter the parameter values of the measurement parameter can be displayed in that measurement parameter cell that has the least distance from the pointer symbol on the screen.   a button symbol to alter the parameter values of the measurement parameter can be displayed in that measurement parameter cell whose distance from the pointer symbol on the screen lies below a predetermined threshold;   given a change of a parameter value in a measurement parameter cell, all measurement parameter cells in which this parameter value is adjustable can be shown larger.       
 
         [0017]    The method according to the invention is realized with a user interface of at least one imaging device for the implementation of a medical examination with: an input device for the input of parameter values in a group of measurement parameters, a storage medium to store spatially resolved image information that was generated with the at least one imaging device depending on the group of measurement parameters; a screen for the presentation of the image information as a data symbol, with the group of measurement parameters being presented simultaneously in a matrix with multiple rows and multiple columns on the screen, the measurement parameters being contained at least partially in multiple measurement parameter cells. 
         [0018]    The user interface is advantageously provided with an electromechanical transducer device to affect the position of a pointer symbol on the screen for the selection of one or more measurement parameter cells, with the presentation size of the multiple columns and/or rows and/or measurement parameter cells of the matrix depends on their distance from the pointer symbol on the screen. 
         [0019]    It is an advantage of the invention that the workflows in the image acquisition can be optimized to a significant degree for the following reasons. The parameters are more easily found because they are identifiable not only via the column names but additionally via the (relative) position in the two-dimensional area. The cognitive effort is reduced because the user interface is more clear (input fields are only displayed upon focusing) and demand less memory capacity of the operator. The navigation is simpler (sub-cards are omitted, redundancies are remedied, the user interaction is inherently faster and requires less effort). Automatic parameter adaptations (Conflict Solver) no longer interrupt the workflow; its results are clearly shown; alterations can be made quickly, be clearly visualized and be canceled. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0020]      FIG. 1  shows an embodiment of the parameter matrix according to the invention, with rows and columns. 
           [0021]      FIGS. 2 through 5  respectively show the matrix according to  FIG. 1  with a pointer symbol after various durations of residence of the pointer symbol on a parameter cell. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0022]    A matrix  1  as it is displayed on a screen of a user interface is shown in  FIG. 1 . Those measurement parameters that belong to a common theme are collected in columns  2  in the matrix  1 . For example, these can be parameters that specify a “routine” in the image acquisition (for example with a magnetic resonance apparatus) for a medical examination. These parameters are “Slice group”, “Slices”, “Distance” etc. A different group of measurement parameters can be collected under the heading “Geometry”, and this group contains the parameters “Multislice mode”, “Series”, “Links”, for example. Additional groups are “Contrast”, “System” and “Physio”. The group designations are shown in bold face as column headings in this embodiment. 
         [0023]    In the shown embodiment, initially only designations  3  of the measurement parameters in individual measurement parameter cells  4  are indicated in the matrix itself, thus the cited terms “Slice group”, “Slices”, “Distance”. Instead of concrete terms, here abstract letter sequences “xczuj”, “ghjg”, “ecbt” etc. are shown in the representation. The actual parameter values of the measurement parameters  3  are not presented in the cells  4 . 
         [0024]    Overlaps of the individual measurement parameters  3  can occur in the measurement parameter groups  2 . For example, it is thus possible that a measurement parameter occurs both in the one group and in another group for reasons of quick access. In the example shown in Figures, the parameter “ymjd” is cited in the fifth cell of the first column, and in the third column in the third cell, and in the fifth column in the seventh cell. 
         [0025]    The matrix  1  shown in  FIG. 2  is the same as in  FIG. 1  in terms of content, but with multiple columns  2  in which the respective measurement parameters  4  are listed in the individual measurement parameter cells  4 . Another pointer symbol  5  is additionally shown in  FIG. 2  that a user can move across the screen by means of an electromechanical transducer device (mouse, trackball, touchpad among others) in order to therewith activate specific elements on the screen and select and subsequently-modify them. In the situation shown in  FIG. 2 , the pointer  5  has been moved by the user to the first column  2  of the matrix  1 . If the pointer is held or moved for a specific (short) duration in this situation, the corresponding column  2  is recognized as a region that the user has a closer interest in. In order to simplify the editing of the objects of interest on the screen for the user, the respective column is thereupon shown enlarged. This can occur at the cost of adjacent columns  2  (i.e. if the space on the screen is limited), among other things. In the case shown in  FIG. 2 , the remaining columns (i.e. those next to the column of interest) are shrunk in terms of their width to the same degree as that with which the column of particular interest is enlarged. Overall, the space requirement demanded on the screen by the matrix  1  therefore remains unchanged. 
         [0026]    The pointer  5  does not necessarily need to remain motionless in the column. It is just as possible that the pointer  5  is continuously moved in the column. The single condition for the change of the presentation of the matrix is that the System recognized that a presentation parameter (here: the horizontal coordinate) no longer changes. The other presentation parameters aside from that selected (other horizontal coordinates aside from “left column”) are then classified as unimportant to the user and therefore optically recede behind the parameters important to the user. 
         [0027]    As is clear from  FIG. 3 , this technique is not limited to the selection of columns but rather can be applied just as well to the rows of a matrix. In  FIG. 3 , a row  6  of the matrix  1  on which the pointer  5  resides for a longer period is shown with its height enlarged. Here it also naturally applies that the pointer does not need to be held or, respectively, fixed unmoving on one spot on the screen; it can easily be moved back and forth in the horizontal direction; the system must only recognize that the other vertical coordinates are clearly not of interest to the user. For this it is necessary to keep the pointer in a narrow range in the horizontal direction for a predetermined time. 
         [0028]    Moreover, it is possible (as indicated in  FIG. 3 ) to simultaneously show Column  2  and Row  6  (in which the pointer  5  is presently located) enlarged. In this case, the row receives a greater cell height and the column receives a greater column width. In the cells of the appertaining Column  2  and in the cells of the appertaining Row  6 , the font type of the measurement parameter designation is correspondingly adapted in terms of its size; for example, the size of the font in the reduced fields is 9 pt, the font in the emphasized fields is 12 pt. 
         [0029]    If the pointer resides an even longer time in one cell  4  of the matrix  1  without exceeding the cell boundaries, the system detects that only this one cell is of interest and not other cells as well in the same Row  6  or the same Column  2 . 
         [0030]    As shown in  FIG. 4 , the system also displays (in addition to the designation for the measurement parameter and its numerical value  7 ) a button symbol  8  as of the point in time at which it is clear that the user is interested only in a specific cell  4 . In the presentation in  FIG. 4 , this is the measurement parameter in the fifth cell of the first column “ymjd: 3.00 mm”. The user is now in the position to also alter the numerical value  7  of the measurement parameter as desired with the button symbol  8 . Instead of using the button symbol  8  overlaid in measurement parameter cell  4  in order to alter the parameter value step-by-step, the user can also specifically mark one of the numbers and overwrite it. Naturally, a button symbol is understood as not only the shown double arrow upward and downward, but also all other input possibilities are encompassed, for example a scale or a diagram that respectively contain a “slider” for the graphical manipulation of numerical values, or a drop-down menu, wherein these input possibilities can all be overlaid as small graphics next to the respective parameter. Additional possibilities for the graphical or numerical input are familiar to those skilled in the art and need not be discussed further here. 
         [0031]    Simultaneously with the enlarged presentation of the cell of the selected parameter, or somewhat later, all additional measurement parameter cells in which the parameter is likewise contained are displayed just like the actual selected cell. This is indicated with the cells  9  in  FIG. 5 . In these cells  9 , the same entry “ymjd: 3.00 mm” is shown as in the fifth cell of the first column, namely in the third cell of the third column and in the seventh cell of the fifth column. The user is therefore warned or informed that, upon changing the numerical value in the currently selected cell, the value in other cells in other columns and rows is simultaneously affected. The user thus receives a superb overview of the consequences of a change in the presently selected cell for other measurement parameter groups (columns in the matrix). 
         [0032]    Not only are those cells that possess an identical entry thereby emphasized, but advantageously also those cells in which the parameter values are automatically modified by the system given a change of the selected cell (in other words, the cells that are indirectly dependent on the currently selected cell). 
         [0033]    It is understood that the process of the identification of a cell as being of interest by the system can be shortened because the user directly “clicks” on a cell immediately upon positioning the pointer in that cell. 
         [0034]    The identification of a cell as interesting (fisheye view concept) has the following basis: based on the focused region of an arbitrary input device (mouse, keyboard, eye tracking, 3D input device or other) that is indicated by a display element (mouse pointer or other), a program associates a maximum degree of interest with the data object nearest to the current focus. This degree of interest is translated in the representation in that the object is enlarged. The horizontally (and, if present, vertically and diagonally or a third dimension) adjacent data objects likewise receive an increased degree of interest as a value that, however, is less proportional to the distance of the focused data object. The enlargement factor is oriented on the space available in the list/grid/coordinate system. 
         [0035]    The user interface therefore is composed of three regions. The first region is a fisheye view matrix in which one of the parameter cards according to the prior art is converted analogously or with similar sorting into columns: ever single parameter possesses its own cell in this matrix. The second region accommodates three segments in which image series are presented; here parameter adjustments can be conducted directly in relation to the already-shown anatomy, for example the positioning of slices. In the third region, given parameter changes a timeline is visible with which the history of the changes can be shown step-by-step and can be cancelled (“Undo/Redo”). 
         [0036]    The matrix functions via two nested fisheye view lists. The columns react to the horizontal position of the mouse pointer; the rows with the parameters are focused depending on the position. The columns are minimized by default; they react to focusing (thus the movement of the mouse pointer over a column) with enlargement. 
         [0037]    If the user has focused on a specific column, a row of this column is focused depending on the vertical mouse position. While unfocused rows only indicate the designation of the parameter and its current value, the input fields are also displayed for their focused rows and their direct neighbors. 
         [0038]    Parameter changes that have effects on parameters in other columns are implicitly assumed. As soon as parameters in other columns are altered due to the current change, these parameters are marked in color; moreover, the changes of the value are overlaid in a non-transient manner or for a few seconds. 
         [0039]    As soon as the parameter changes have been made, a bar with color markings is overlaid that represents the change history. If the mouse pointer travels over one of the segments, in the matrix it is indicated which parameters would be affected by an “Undo” and how the values would be changed; the same display is also possible for “Redo” actions. 
         [0040]    Although modifications and changes may be suggested by those skilled in the art, it is the intention of the inventors to embody within the patent warranted hereon all changes and modifications as reasonably and properly come within the scope of their contribution to the art.