Abstract:
Address converter apparatus and method to support various memory chips and an application system thereof. A flexibly programmed memory addressing circuit is used as a bridge between a control chip and a memory chip. A correct addressing method is selected according to a selected configuration value, so that the application system is not only able to use the control chip to support the memory chip, but is also able to use a new type of memory chip with multiple capacities. An optimal method is selected to partition or isolate the malfunctioning portion of the partly malfunctioning memory chip for further combination or simulation. The system performance is enhanced, and the endurance of the system is improved.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION  
         [0001]    This application claims the priority benefit of Taiwan application serial no. 90122429, filed Sep. 11, 2001.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0003]    The invention relates in general to an address converter apparatus for a memory chip, and more particularly, to an address converter apparatus and method for obtaining a memory controller application system that supports multiple memory chips.  
           [0004]    2. Description of the Related Art  
           [0005]    Due to the rapid development of memory chips, the controller application system that supports the old versions of memory chips has to be updated or replaced as the memory chips are upgraded. Similarly, the controller application system that supports the current versions of memory chips will face the same problem very soon. Therefore, the life cycle of the application system for memory chips is hard to estimate, and that causes inconvenience to the user. In addition, since the partition method of the current controller application system that supports the malfunctioning memory chip is limited, the damaged region cannot be isolated with a bank address partition method. The performance of the application system for isolating the damaged region of the memory chip is poor, and a lot of problems are caused.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0006]    The invention provides an address converter apparatus and method to support various kinds of memory chips to allow the controller application system that supports the old version of memory chip to also support the current version of memory chip, so that the life cycle of the controller application system is prolonged. Similarly, the controller application system that supports the current version of memory chip can support future versions of memory chips by using the apparatus and method provided by the present invention. In addition, the apparatus provided by the present invention can use different malfunctioning memory chip partition methods to resolve the poor efficiency problem of the current application system.  
           [0007]    The invention provides an application system of an address converter apparatus to support various memory chips. The application system comprises a control chip, an addressing converter and a currently operating memory chip. The control chip outputs an address and chip select signal to control a first type memory chip. The current applied memory chip is one of either the first type memory chip, a second type memory chip, or a partly damaged first type memory chip. The addressing converter is coupled to the control chip and the currently operating memory chip to convert the address and chip select signal output by the control into an output address and chip select signal to control the currently operating memory chip.  
           [0008]    The address converter apparatus that supports various memory chips comprises a select configuration and storage apparatus to configure and store a select configuration value of the currently operating memory chip, and a logic control and switch circuit. The logic control and switch circuit is coupled to the select configuration and storage apparatus, the control chip, and the currently operating memory chip to receive the address and chip select signal output by the control chip. According to the select configuration value, the address and chip select signal output by the control chip are converted into an output address and chip select signal by the logic control and switch circuit.  
           [0009]    In the above decode converting apparatus that supports various memory chips, the logic control and switch circuit comprises a pass-through circuit, a chip partition circuit, a bank partition circuit for malfunctioning chip, a bank merge circuit and a switch circuit. The pass-through circuit is coupled to the control chip to directly conduct the address and chip select signal to the output address and chip select signal. The chip partition circuit is coupled to the control chip to partition and simulate the second memory chip into a plurality of the first type memory chips. The bank partition circuit for malfunctioning chip is coupled to the control chip to isolate the malfunctioning portion of the malfunctioning first type memory chips by bank partition, so as to obtain a half set of original memory chips. The bank merge circuit is coupled to the control chip to merge and simulate the isolated malfunctioning portions of the malfunctioning first type chips into a complete first type memory chip. The switch circuit is coupled to the pass-through circuit, the chip partition circuit, the bank partition circuit for malfunctioning chip, and the bank merge circuit, the select configuration and storage apparatus and the currently operating memory chip to select and output a correct output address and chip select signal among the pass-through circuit, the chip partition circuit, the bank partition circuit for malfunctioning chip, and the bank merge circuit to control the current operating circuit.  
           [0010]    In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the logic control and switch circuit further comprises a malfunctioning chip partition circuit coupled to the control chip and the switch circuit to partition the partly malfunctioning first type memory chip and to isolate the malfunctioning portion thereof. A memory chip with the same number of banks, and only a half capacity is obtained.  
           [0011]    In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the logic control and switch circuit further comprises a chip merge circuit coupled to the control chip and the switch circuit to merge and simulate the isolated partly malfunctioning first type memory chips into a complete first type memory chip in a row addressing manner.  
           [0012]    In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the logic control and switch circuit further comprises a bank address partition circuit coupled to the control chip and the switch circuit to partition and simulate the isolated partly malfunctioning first type memory chips into a memory chip with the complete bank number but half of the capacity.  
           [0013]    In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the logic control and switch circuit further comprises an inverse circuit coupled to the control chip and the switch circuit to invert the row address signal into an output row address signal.  
           [0014]    The invention further comprises a converting method to support multiple kinds of memory chips to convert the address and chip select signal output by the control chip into an output address and chip select signal to control the currently operating memory chip. The currently operating memory chip includes one of either a first type memory chip, a second type memory chip, or a plurality of partly malfunctioning first type memory chips. The converting method includes selecting and storing a select configuration value of the currently operating memory chip, receiving the output address and chip select signal, and converting the output address and chip select signal into an output address and chip select signal to control the currently operating memory chip.  
           [0015]    In the converting method to support multiple kinds of memory chips, when the currently operating memory chip is the first type memory chip, the address and chip select signal is directly conducted to the output address and chip select signal. When the currently operating memory chip is the second type memory chip, the second type memory chip is partitioned and simulated as a plurality of first type memory chips. When the currently operating memory chip is the partly malfunctioning first type memory chip, the malfunctioning portions thereof are partitioned by bank partition. The isolated malfunctioning first type memory chips are then merged and simulated into a complete first type memory chip.  
           [0016]    It is known from the above that the invention uses a flexibly programmed memory addressing circuit as a bridge between the control chip and the memory chip. According to the select configuration value, a correct addressing method is selected to convert the address and chip select signal from the control chip into the output address and chip select signal, so as to control the currently operating memory chip. The old memory chip previously supported can be replaced with a new memory chip with multiple capacities, and the original application system can be used continuously. The lifetime of the application system is prolonged. In addition, by different malfunctioning chip partition and isolation methods, the system reliability is enhanced and the performance is improved.  
           [0017]    Both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.  
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0018]    [0018]FIG. 1 shows an address converter apparatus that supports various kinds of memory chips and an application system thereof; and  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an address converter apparatus that supports various kinds of memory chips and an application system thereof. 
     
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0020]    [0020]FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an address converter apparatus that supports various kinds of memory chips and the application system thereof according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the address converter apparatus comprises a control chip  110 , an addressing converter  120  and a currently operating memory chip  130 . The control chip  110  outputs an address and chip select signal to control a first type memory chip. The first type memory chip is the memory chip that the control chip  110  supports. The currently operating memory chip  130  is one of either the first type memory chip, a second type memory chip, or a partly malfunctioning first type memory chip. The control chip  110  cannot directly support the second type memory chip. The addressing converter  120  is coupled to the control chip and the currently operating memory chip  130  to convert the address and chip select signal output by the control chip  110  into an output address and chip select signal to control the currently operating memory chip  130 .  
         [0021]    In FIG. 2, a block diagram of the address converter apparatus that supports multiple kinds of memory chips and the application system thereof is shown. As shown in FIG. 2, the address converter apparatus  200  includes a select configuration and storage apparatus  220  and a logic control and switch circuit  300 . The select configuration and storage apparatus  220  is used to configure and store a select configuration value of the currently operating memory chip  230 . Such apparatus may be selected from an electrically erasable and programmable read only memory (EEPROM). The logic control and switch circuit  300  is coupled to the select configuration and storage apparatus  220 , the control chip  210  and the currently operating memory chip  230  to receive the address and chip select signal output by the control chip  210 . The address and chip select signal is then converted into an output address and chip select signal to control the currently operating memory chip  230 . The address and chip select signal includes a first bank signal, a second bank signal, a column address signal, a row address signal, a first chip select signal and a second chip select signal. The output address and chip select signal includes an output bank address signal, an output column address signal, an output row address signal, a first output chip select signal and a second output chip select signal.  
         [0022]    In one preferred embodiment of the invention, the logic control and switch circuit  300  comprises a pass-through circuit  310 , a chip partition circuit  320 , a bank partition circuit for malfunctioning chip  370 , a bank merge circuit  350  and a switch circuit  390 . The pass-through circuit  310  is coupled to the control chip  210  and the switch circuit  390  to directly conduct the address and chip select signal to the output address and chip select signal. The chip partition circuit  320  is coupled to the control chip  210  to partition and simulate the second type memory chip into a plurality of first type memory chips. When the first chip select signal or the second chip select signal is enabled, the first output chip select signal is enabled. When the first chip select signal is enabled and the second chip select signal is disabled, the highest bit of the output row address signal is at a low level (Low). When the first chip select signal is disabled and the second chip select signal is enabled, the highest bit of the output row address signal is at a high level (High). The bank partition circuit for malfunctioning chip  370  is coupled to the control chip  210  and the switch circuit  370  to partition and isolate the malfunctioning portion of the partly malfunctioning first type memory with a bank partition method, so as to obtain a memory chip with one half of the bank number. The method includes fixing the highest bit of the output bank address signal to High, so as to partition and select to use the normal operating high numbered bank, or fixing the highest bit of the output bank address signal to Low, so as to partition and select to use the normal operating low numbered bank. The bank merge circuit  350  is coupled to the control chip  210  and the switch circuit  390  to merge and simulate the bank partitioned and isolated partly malfunctioning first type memory chips into a complete first type memory chip. When the first chip select signal is enabled and the first bank address signal and the second bank address signal are both Low, the first output chip select signal is enabled and the output bank address signal is Low. When the first chip select signal is enabled, the first bank address signal is Low, and the second bank address signal is High, the first output chip select signal is enabled and the output bank address is High. When the first chip select signal is enabled, the first bank address signal is High, and the second bank address is Low, the second output chip select signal is enabled and the output bank address signal is Low. When the first chip select signal is enabled, the first bank address signal is High and the second bank address signal is High, the second output chip select signal is enabled and the output bank address signal is High. The switch circuit  390  is coupled to the pass-through circuit  310 , the chip partition circuit  320 , the bank partition circuit for malfunctioning chips  370 , the bank merge circuit  350 , the select configuration and storage apparatus  220  and the currently operating memory chip  230 . According to the select configuration value of the select configuration and storage apparatus  220 , the switch circuit  390  selects a correct output address and chip select signal among the outputs of the pass-through circuit  310 , the chip partition circuit  320 , the bank partition circuit for malfunctioning chip  370 , and the bank merge circuit  350 , so as to control the currently operating memory chip  230 .  
         [0023]    To provide more partition and isolation methods for the partly malfunctioning first type memory chips in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the logic control and switch circuit  300  further comprises a malfunctioning chip partition circuit  330 , a chip merge circuit  340 , a bank address partition circuit  380  and an inverse circuit  360 . The malfunctioning chip partition circuit  330  is coupled to the control chip  210  to partition and isolate the malfunctioning portion of the partly malfunctioning first type memory chip. The memory chip with same number of banks and half capacity is thus obtained. The highest bit of the output row address signal is fixed at High or Low to partition and select using the lower or upper portion that operates normally, respectively. The chip merge circuit  340  is coupled to the control chip  210  to merge the partitioned and isolated partly malfunctioning first type memory chips into a complete first type memory chip. When the first chip select signal is enabled, and the highest bit of the row address signal is Low, the first output chip select signal is enabled. When the first chip select signal is enabled, and the highest bit of the row address signal is High, the second output chip select signal is enabled. The bank address partition circuit  380  is coupled to the control chip  210  and the switch circuit  390  to further bank partition and simulate the bank partitioned and isolated partly malfunctioning first type memory chip as a memory chip with a complete bank number and half capacity. When the first bank address signal and the second bank address signal are both Low, the output bank address signal is Low, and the highest bit of the output row address signal is Low. When the first bank address signal is Low and the second bank address signal is High, the output bank address signal is Low and the highest bit of the output row address signal is High. When the first bank address signal is High and the second bank address signal is Low, the output bank address signal is High and the highest bit of the output row address signal is Low. When the first bank address signal is High and the second bank address signal is High, the output bank address signal is High and the highest bit of the output row address signal is High. The inverse circuit  360  is coupled to the control chip  210  and the switch circuit  390  to invert the row address signal into the output row address signal.  
         [0024]    In summary, the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a converting method that supports multiple kinds of memory chips. The address and chip select signal output from the control chip is converted as an output address and chip select signal to control the currently operating memory chip. The currently operating memory chip comprises one of either the first type memory chip, the second type memory chip, or a partly malfunctioning first type memory chip. The select configuration of the currently operating chip is selected, configured and stored. The address and chip select signal output from the control chip is then received. According to the select configuration value, the address and chip select signal is converted into an output address and chip select signal to control the currently operating memory chip. The address and chip select signal includes a first bank address signal, a second bank address signal, a column address signal, a row address signal, a first chip select signal and a second chip select signal. The output address and chip select signal includes an output bank address signal, an output column address signal, an output row address signal, a first output chip select signal and a second output chip select signal.  
         [0025]    In one embodiment of the converting method that supports various kinds of memory chips, when the currently operating memory chip is the first type memory chip, the second step includes directly conducting the address and chip select signal to the output address and chip select signal. When the currently operating memory chip is the second type memory chip, the second step includes partitioning and simulating the second type memory chip into a plurality of first type memory chips. When the first chip select signal or the second chip select signal is enabled, the first output chip select signal is enabled. When the first chip select signal is enabled and the second chip select signal is disabled, the highest bit of the output row address signal is Low. When the first chip select signal is disabled and the second chip select signal is enabled, the highest bit of the output row address signal is High. When the currently operating memory chip includes a plurality of partly malfunctioning first type memory chips, the second step includes bank partitioning and isolating malfunctioning portions of the partly malfunctioning first type memory chip. A memory chip with the original bank number and half of the original capacity is obtained. The bank partitioned and isolated malfunctioning portions of the partly malfunctioning first type memory chips are then merged and simulated into a complete first type memory chip. The method includes configuring the highest bit of the output bank address signal to High to partition and select the unused normal high numbered banks. Alternatively, the highest bit of the output bank address signal is configured to Low to partition and select the normal low numbered banks. When the first chip select signal is enabled, and the first and second bank address signals are Low, the first output chip select signal is enabled and the output bank address signal is Low. When the first chip select signal is enabled, the first bank address signal is Low and the second bank address signal is High, the first output chip select signal is enabled, and the output bank address signal is High. When the first chip select signal is enabled, the first bank address signal is High, and the second bank address signal is Low, the second output chip select signal is enabled, and the output bank address signal is Low. When the first chip select signal is enabled, the first bank address signal is High, and the second bank address signal is High, the second output chip select signal is enabled, and the output bank address signal is High.  
         [0026]    According to the above disclosure, the present invention provides address converter apparatus and method used in an application system to support various kinds of memory chips, so that the application system is able to use the memory chips supported by the control chip, but also able to use new memory chips with multiple capacities. The invention further selects the optimal method to partition and isolate the malfunctioning portion of the partly malfunctioning memory chip, which are then merged again for use to improve the system performance.  
         [0027]    Other embodiments of the invention will appear to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples to be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.