Abstract:
An interactive system and method for controlling access to a plurality of communications sessions involving a plurality of users including controlling access to a plurality of communications sessions, each of said communications sessions being for access by a plurality of users, wherein data identifying said plurality of communications sessions have been stored in association with data indicative of one or more characteristics thereof. The method includes receiving a request to initiate communications among members of a group of users, wherein said request includes data identifying the group of users, responsive to receiving said request, selecting a communications session on the basis of data identifying the group and at least some of said stored data indicative of characteristics of a given communications session, and transmitting messages to at least some members of the group. Each message has a message body including data providing access to the selected communications session and a destination address determined from data indicative of a given member of the group.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 11/888,850 filed Aug. 2, 2007 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,730,149, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, which application claims priority under 35 USC 119 of United Kingdom Application GB 0621874.7 filed Nov. 2, 2006. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a method of, and system for, controlling access to a plurality of communications sessions involving a plurality of users, and is particularly, but not exclusively, suitable for allocating a group of users to a communications session based on a match between characteristics of a given communications session and characteristics associated with the group. 
     BACKGROUND INFORMATION 
     As is well known, communications networks provide a means for users to communicate with one or more other users. Users of a communication system are typically provided with numerous services, such as calls, data communication such as messaging and/or multimedia services, or simply provide users with a gateway to another network, such as the Internet. In relation to any one service, various communication systems, such as public switched telephone networks (PSTN), wireless communication systems, e.g. global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), wireless local area network (WLAN) and so on, and/or other communication networks, such as an Internet Protocol (IP) network, may simultaneously be concerned in providing a connection. An end-user may access a communication network by means of any appropriate communication device, such as user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a personal computer (PC), or any other equipment operable according to a suitable network protocol, such as a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) or a wireless applications protocol (WAP) or a hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP). The user equipment may support, in addition to call and network access functions, other services, such as short message service (SMS), multimedia message service (MMS), electronic mail (email), Web service interface (WSI) messaging and voice mail and one-way messages such as WAP PUSH messages. 
     Communications services involving more than two users are generally referred to as group communications services, and include the “push-to-talk over cellular” (PoC) service also known as the PTT (push-to-talk service), the instant messaging (IM) service, IRC (“Internet Relay Chat”), and the ICQ (“I Seek You”) service. In the case of the IM service, users are allowed to send messages to one or more in a list of predetermined users (a so-called “private list”) in a conversational mode, and because they are transmitted “instantly”, the transfer of messages back and forth is fast enough for participants to maintain an interactive conversation. The IRC service is a system for chatting that involves a set of rules and conventions and is implemented via client/server software. An IRC client can be downloaded to a user&#39;s computer, and the client is then used to connect to an IRC server in an IRC network to start or join an IRC chat group. The fourth group messaging application, ICQ (“I Seek You”), is a client application that provides information as to which “friends” and “contacts” are also online on the Internet, pages them, and operates so as to coordinate a “chat” session with them. The IM system is similarly arranged to generate alerts whenever a member of a given private list is online. 
     When designing a service, the objectives of the service provider—in terms of their effect on end users—have a significant bearing on the technology that is selected to support the service. For example, services that are designed to deliver information to a selected group of users (with a view to triggering a particular action to be taken on the part of the group members) make use of technology that is designed to match characteristics of the users with those of the information so as to improve the match between what the user receives and what the user wants to receive. Typically such information is delivered from a single source to many recipients, and any subsequent interactions proceed between the recipient and communications devices related to the information source. 
     As will be appreciated from the foregoing, in addition to transmitting information from one-&gt;one and one-&gt;many recipients, information can be distributed between members of a group so as to encourage discussion between—and thus impact on—group members, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the information. As described above and in international patent application having publication number WO2006/027407, known group communications methods involve discussions between predetermined or specified members of a group. Thus whilst known group communications services provide a means of increasing the impact of information on users, the extent of this impact is nevertheless limited to that achievable within a closed group of recipients. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of controlling access to a communications session. Embodiments of the invention thus provide a means of selecting a communications session, or discussion forum, to host a group discussion between members of a group of users, and thus advantageously provide a means of controlling the context for discussion among the group members. 
     The members of the group are preferably notified of the selected communications session via a WAP message, which contains a link to the communications session, while selection of the communications session can be triggered by receipt of a short message—such as an SMS message—from a member of the group. The SMS message conveniently identifies the group and can contain a line of text or image that the member wants to pass on for discussion. Since the majority of terminals are capable of sending and receiving SMS and WAP messages, the terminals of participating group members do not need to have any bespoke software applications installed on their handsets in order to make use of the new service. 
     According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method which provides a means for groups of users to take part in communications sessions involving participants of a publicly accessible and interactive communications session, and thus provides a mechanism for information to be discussed and disseminated—in a particular period of time—by a wider audience than is possible with present methods. 
     Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, given by way of example only, which is made with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram showing a mobile network and network components arranged in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic block diagram showing in detail the functionality associated with a distribution server shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic flow diagram showing a process for coordinating group participation in a communications session according to an embodiment of the invention; and 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic diagram showing an example of an outgoing message created by the distribution server shown in  FIG. 2 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     As described briefly above, embodiments of the invention are concerned with coordinating access to a communications session, specifically coordinating access by a predetermined group of terminals to one of a plurality of available communications sessions. Identification of the group members and the methods of providing members with access data for enabling access to the communications session will be described in detail later in the description, but first a description of the infrastructure needed to coordinate access to the communications session will be described. 
       FIG. 1  shows an example of a data messaging system  100  within which embodiments of a first aspect of the invention operate; the arrows indicate data flows within the data messaging system  100  and the objects indicate components of the data messaging system  100 . This Figure shows an arrangement of network components suitable for the delivery of WAP messages, Short Message (SMS messages), Multimedia messages (MMS messages), bespoke messages in the form of GPRS data and/or streamed data; as will be appreciated, the specific arrangement of the data messaging system  100  is dependent on the type of message being used to facilitate the coordination. 
     In the arrangement shown in  FIG. 1 , a terminal T 1  communicates with various network devices within the data messaging system  100 . The terminal T 1  may be a wireless terminal such as a mobile phone, a PDA or a Laptop computer, or it may be a fixed terminal, e.g. in the form of a Personal Computer. In the arrangement shown in  FIG. 1  the data messaging system  100  comprises: a WAP gateway  7 , which is typically a network operator&#39;s WAP gateway; a distribution server S 1 ; and a database DB 1 , arranged to store at least some of:
         data in respect of users of the data messaging system  100 , including data identifying interests and characteristics of individual users and groups of users;   data in respect of terminals such as terminals T 1 , T 2 , T 3  and T 4 ;   data in respect of tagging content, including image (static, dynamic and/or interactive images), alphanumeric characters and content control information, the data having been provided by various content providers CP 1 , CP 2 ; and   communications sessions data in respect of communications sessions, including: data identifying sponsors; demographic requirements (in terms of types of users who are preferred participants of a given communications session); priority information; and status information (e.g. active, inactive etc.). The communications sessions, and thus sponsor, demographic and priority information, can be related to the content providers CP 1 , CP 2 .       

     In one arrangement the distribution server S 1  and the database DB 1  are located within a proprietary network, which means that they operate independently of any specific network operator and can be shared across a plurality of network operators. Using techniques known in the art, the database DB 1  can store the preference and demographic data that are used to control selection of a communications session, or discussion forum, as described below. 
     The functionality of the distribution server S 1  will now be described with reference to  FIGS. 2 and 3 . In addition to standard CPU, memory, data bus, Input/Output ports, data storage, and operating system programs, the distribution server S 1  comprises certain bespoke functional components, namely:
         tagging data selector software component  201  for selecting tagging data from the database DB 1 ;   message analyser component  203  for identifying group members that are to be joined with the selected communications session; and   outgoing message generator component  205  for selecting a communications session to which the group members are to be joined and for creating messages that include access data enabling recipients of a given message to join the selected communications session.       

     In a first embodiment the incoming (or initiating or originating) message M 1  is an SMS message originating from the terminal T 1 ; the originating message M 1  contains a message body and carries details of a group of recipients such that the incoming message analyser  203  can identify the group identifier from the message. In one arrangement, during message creation the sending terminal T 1  prompts the sending subscriber to select a group from a preconfigured list of groups stored on the terminal T 1 , causing the terminal T 1  to create an SMS message identifying the selected group and having a format compatible with the format requirements of the message analyser component  203 . This arrangement presupposes that the message analyser component  203  has access to the predetermined groups and members thereof. 
     In an alternative arrangement, the user of the terminal T 1  enters an identifier for a group manually within the content of the SMS message M 1 ; for example groups could be identified by numbers or by special characters, such as: “%This is a group message”, “#This is a group message”, “&amp;This is a group message”, where first one would be forwarded to group identified with %, second with # and third with &amp;. As for the first arrangement, the group members corresponding to a given character would be accessible to the message analyser component  203  (such special character definitions groups could be specified via web interface). 
     In a yet further arrangement, and instead of selecting a group identifier that relates to a predetermined set of group members, the sending terminal T 1  could prompt the user to simply select “Group” from a list of possible message types, without selecting a specific group identity. In this arrangement the terminal T 1  would create an SMS message identifying that message M 1  is intended to spawn creation of a group message, but identification of the group members would be a process performed by the message analyser component  203 , and thus in real time rather than based on any predetermined group lists. In a yet further arrangement the terminal could be configured to analyse the content of individual messages, and for those whose content is determined to be identical to that of other messages, the terminal could send out a single message with an identifier indicating the message to be of a group type. 
     The message M 1  could include additional information entered at terminal T 1 , such as keywords identifying subject matter of particular interest at the time of sending the message, and these can be used by the tagging data selector  201  when selecting the communications session to which the group members are to be joined. 
     In any of these arrangements, the destination address of the SMS message M 1  would be the network identity of the server S 1 . 
     For an arrangement in which individual messages are sent out to individual recipients (without analysis by the terminal T 1  in the manner specified above), the message analyser component  203  would either be directly associated with SMSC  3 , or the SMSC  3  would be provisioned with specific forwarding instructions in respect of individual recipients so as to ensure that the individual SMS messages M 1  are forwarded to the server S 1 . Once received, the message analyser component  203  would analyse the content of individual messages so as to determine those having identical content, and deriving a group on the basis of the content of the messages M 1 . 
     It will be understood from the foregoing that the function of the message analyser component  203  is at least to derive the identities of group members to whom communications sessions invitations are to be sent. These process steps are indicated in  FIG. 3  by S 3 . 1  and S 3 . 3 . 
     Turning now to the creation of messages inviting group members to communications sessions, the outgoing message generator  205  is arranged to create individual invitation messages M 2   a , M 2   b , M 2   c , one for each member of the group identified by the message analyser component  203 . In one embodiment these messages M 2   a , M 2   b , M 2   c  are embodied as WAP messages; WAP is a convenient choice of format for the outgoing messages because it allows links such as URLs and the like to be included within a message, these being displayed as a selectable object on a recipient&#39;s terminal which, when selected, cause the terminal to retrieve data from the network address associated with the object. 
     As described above, embodiments of the invention are concerned with coordinating the joining of members of a group to a communications session, and the links that are inserted into a given WAP message M 2   a , M 2   b , M 2   c  created by the outgoing message generator  205  include links to discussion forums and the like. Preferably at least some of the discussion forums are publicly accessible so that, in at least some embodiments, whilst a group identifier is used to select individuals to involve in a communications session, the communications session to which they are invited to attend is not limited to group members only. This differs significantly from conventional methods such as those described in international patent application having publication number WO06/027407, where the group identifier serves both to identify individuals to involve in a given discussion, and to define the participants in the discussion. 
     Selection of a communications session can be dependent on attributes such as keywords specified in the initiating message M 1  (if available), and/or time of receipt of the initiating message M 1 , and/or profile data corresponding to the group and/or one or more of the identified group members. Accordingly, upon receipt of the group member identities, the outgoing message generator  205  is arranged to access the database DB 1  and retrieve interests and preference data corresponding to at least some of the group and/or individual group members, and to compare these data with attributes of currently active and accessible communications sessions. The attributes of a given communications session include a set of demographic requirements, these having been specified by the host of a given communications session and being matched against the preference and interests data corresponding to individuals of the group G (or the group itself), thereby effectively controlling which types of groups are allowed to access a given communications session. In addition the attributes can include priority information, this having been specified or negotiated by a content provider CP 1 , CP 2  (for example) and being used by the outgoing message generator  205  when selecting a specific communications session from those available. 
     An example outgoing, or invitation, message M 2   a  including a link  401  to a communications session is shown in  FIG. 4 : the link  401  is embodied as a selectable object and is identifiable from the text “Press here to chat!” 
     The outgoing message generator  205  can also cooperate with the tagging data selector software component  201  so as to select and insert information tags (such as those identified by reference numerals  403 ,  407 ) into the invitation messages M 2   a , M 2   b , M 2   c . The tagging software component  201  is arranged to select image and/or text and/or audio and/or video tagging data on the basis of demographic data corresponding to one or more of the identified group members and from the repository of tagging data stored in the database DB 1  and/or the text contained within the initiating message M 1 . For the example shown in  FIG. 4 , it can be seen that the text  405  of the initiating message M 1  has been used to select both the image tag  403  and the text tag  407 : the invitation messages M 2   a , M 2   b , M 2   c  include the text  405  included in the initiating message M 1 , together with information as to the origins of the invitation messages M 2   a , M 2   b , M 2   c  (“Message from Pete . . . ”) thereby providing suitable context for the tag data  403 ,  407  when the invitation message M 2   a  is reviewed by a recipient. The foregoing message creation process is indicated generally in  FIG. 3  at step S 3 . 5 . 
     In view of the fact that the tags  403 ,  407  are included with the link to the selected communications session, it will be appreciated that these tags  403 ,  407  can be used to steer group discussions within the communications session towards the subject matter of the tagging data, for example with incentives in the event that any participant of the group communications session purchase certain goods—from certain providers—during the communications session (or within a specified period thereafter). 
     Furthermore, since the link  401  is the trigger for the IM chat session, the tags  403 ,  407  accompanying the link  401  essentially serve to announce or promote the selected communications session. Thus in at least some embodiments, the data to be selected for inclusion in a given message are advertisement data, and in the case of the advertisement data relating directly or indirectly to the communications session associated with the link  401 , the tags  403 ,  407  could identify a sponsor thereof. 
     Once the WAP messages M 2   a , M 2   b , M 2   c  have been created, they are sent to the recipients identified at step S 3 . 3  via the WAP gateway  7  (step S 3 . 7 ), as is known in the art. It is to be noted that whilst not shown in  FIG. 1 , a WAP message is also preferably sent to the terminal T 1  from which the initiating message M 1  was received (in this example, Pete&#39;s terminal). 
     The transmission of the WAP messages M 2   a  . . . M 2   c  marks the end of the involvement of the distribution server S 1 , since selection of the link  401  is transmitted to network components associated with the link, and this process is independent of the distribution server S 1 . Thus, if activation of the link  401  results in a HTTP request message to be transmitted to a web server running an IM chat session for example, subsequent messages would be transmitted in accordance with IM and its associated protocols (step S 3 . 9 ). 
     Whilst in the embodiments described above the message M 1  is an SMS message, it is to be understood that message M 1  could alternatively be a USSD, MMS, email or any other type of message capable of identifying a group of recipient terminals. Similarly, whilst in the above embodiments the outgoing messages are embodied as PUSH WAP messages, they could alternatively be embodied as MMS messages, SMS messages with link in text form, bookmarks to mobile terminal, e-mail, voice call, broadcast message using cellular networks (such as Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) over Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA)) or broadcast messages using broadcast networks (such as Digital Video Broadcast—Handheld (digital TV) (DVB-H), Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting—Terrestrial (ISDB-T), Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB), Forward Link Only (Qualcomm) (Flo), Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB), Radio Data Service (RDS) channel of radio network to mention few), any multicast or broadcast IP session indicator protocol. 
     In the above embodiments, access to a communications session is described in relation to a single group. However, selection of a communications session could be made on the basis of the identity—and thus demographic data—corresponding to groups that have already been notified of a communications session. Thus in addition to reviewing priority and demographic requirements of a given communications session, the outgoing message generator  205  could be arranged to review the identity of groups to whom invitation messages have previously been sent, and compare the demographic data between the respective groups in order to select a communications session for the subsequently requesting group members. 
     The above embodiments are to be understood as illustrative and non-limiting examples of the invention, which is concerned with facilitating access to discussion forums by predetermined groups of users. It is to be understood that any feature described in relation to any one embodiment may be used alone, or in combination with other features described, and may also be used in combination with one or more features of any other of the embodiments, or any combination of any other of the embodiments. Furthermore, equivalents and modifications not described above may also be employed without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined in the accompanying claims.