Abstract:
An antenna holder to be mounted on a car body part of a motor vehicle having an opening, in particular a motor vehicle roof, having an antenna base and an anchoring device projecting beyond the antenna base, whose outer cross section is smaller than the opening cross section of the opening. The preassembled anchoring device includes an anchoring claw having a plurality of spreadable arms, a spreading element for spreading apart the arms and an actuating member for the approach of the spreading element to the antenna base while the spreading apart of the arms takes place.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to an antenna holder for mounting on a body component of a motor vehicle, that is provided with an opening, and an antenna having such a holder. 
     BACKGROUND INFORMATION 
     Roof antennas of motor vehicles are usually developed as rod antennas and have an antenna holder fastened to the roof of the motor vehicle, in which the rod antenna itself is applied in a fixed or detachable manner. Known antenna holders, such as the antenna holder of an antenna system described in German Patent Application No. DE 102 33 065, as a rule have a broadened base part situated on the inside of the motor vehicle between the inside and the underside of the roof and the roof lining, as well as an anchor connected in one piece with the base, and the anchoring part projecting beyond the base, whose outer cross section is smaller than the opening cross section of the opening, so that it is able to be put through the opening from the inside, during the assembly of the holder. The anchoring part usually has an outer thread, onto which a fastening nut or lock nut may be screwed from the outside after it has passed through the opening, in order to fix the base lying against the roof from the inside, and firmly to clamp the roof between the base and the nut. 
     In these known antenna holders, it is regarded as disadvantageous that they have to be delivered for assembly in the form of two separate parts, the base and the fastening nut or lock nut, which not only makes difficult the logistics and handling before assembly, but also prolongs the time required for the assembly. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     By contrast, the antenna holder according to the present invention offers the advantage that the parts required for assembling the antenna holder are able to be preassembled to form one component, which makes the logistics and handling easier before assembly, and reduces the time required for the mounting itself. In addition, using the design approach according to the present invention, the overall height of the antenna holder within the motor vehicle may be kept very small. 
     The present invention is based on the idea that an antenna holder anchored by spreading out the arms of an anchoring claw on the car body part does not have to be fixed by a lock nut from the side opposite the antenna base of the car body part, so that the lock nut required for this purpose up to now may be omitted. 
     A particularly firm anchoring of the antenna holder on the car body part is achieved if the spreading element, according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, bends the arms of the anchoring claw during its approach to the antenna base, so that their free ends project beyond the outer cross section of the remaining anchoring system, and they are able to engage with a surface of the car body part facing away from the antenna base, in order firmly to clamp the car body part between the broadened antenna base and the free ends of the arms that point in the direction of the antenna base. These free ends are impressed into the car body part, in this context, especially if they are made pointed, according to an additional preferred embodiment of the present invention, which not only contributes to an immovable seat of the antenna holder on the car body part, but also makes possible the use of the arms as ground contact elements for grounding the antenna holder, that is, for producing an electrically conductive connection of the antenna holder by the body of the vehicle to a receiving unit built into the vehicle. 
     In order to apply the forces necessary for bending over the arms of the anchoring claw during the approach of the spreading element, the actuating member is preferably a nut, which, in addition, holds together the components of the anchoring system in the preassembled state. 
     A further preferred embodiment of the present invention provides that the screw is put all the way through a passageway in the spreading element and in the anchoring claw and screwed into an internal thread in the antenna base, and that it lies against the spreading element with its broadened head part, in order to pull the spreading element in the direction of the antenna base, when the screw is tightened. The anchoring device is then pushed from one side, in the case of roof antennas from the outside of the vehicle, through the opening in the car body part, while the screw is pulled tight from the opposite side, in the case of roof antennas from the inside of the vehicle. In this case, the antenna holder is expediently provided with a fixing aid, using which it may be pre-fixed, after being put through the opening with respect to the car body part, so that the antenna holder does not move out of the opening again, as a result of an axial press-on force possibly applied to the screw during its tightening. The fixing aid is expediently made up of a preassembled metallic spring clip, whose leg is provided with latching projections, which engage behind the car body part after the anchoring device is pushed through the opening, but the anchoring device could alternatively also include attached elastic locking tongues made of plastic. 
     Alternatively to this, however, it would also be conceivable to put the screw through a passageway in the antenna base and through the anchoring claw into an internal screw thread of the spreading element, so that the anchoring device is first put through the opening from one side, and then the screw that has its head lying against the antenna base is able to be tightened from the same side, from the outside, in the case of a roof antenna. Since, in this case, the broadened antenna base is pressed against the car body part, because of the press-on force exercised on the screw in response to its tightening, one could do without the fixing aid. 
     A further preferred embodiment of the present invention provides that the spreading element has a plurality of spreading arms complementary to the arms of the anchoring claw which, when the screw is tightened, are guided the same as the arms of the anchoring claw in guideways of the anchoring device and preferably in guideways of a socket part of the anchoring device that is rigidly connected to the antenna base. 
     The spreading arms preferably have on their sides, that are adjacent to the arms of the anchoring claw, bent sliding surfaces diverging away from the antenna base, on which the arms of the anchoring claw move along when the bending takes place, in order to give them the desired shape when they are deformed. In order to facilitate the bending and spreading out of the anchoring claw, these arms may additionally have a cross sectional reduction, which is expediently situated at or near their base. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  shows an underside view in perspective of the preassembled antenna holder, before being mounted on the roof of a motor vehicle. 
         FIG. 2  shows an underside view in perspective of the antenna holder, after being mounted on the roof of a motor vehicle. 
         FIG. 3  shows an exploded perspective view of all the components of the antenna holder. 
         FIG. 4  shows an enlarged perspective underside view of an integral base part and anchoring part of the antenna holder. 
         FIG. 5  shows an enlarged perspective underside view of a spreading element of the antenna holder. 
         FIG. 6  shows an enlarged perspective underside view of a fastening claw of the antenna holder. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Antenna holder  2  shown in the drawings is used for mounting a roof antenna (not shown) on a roof  4  ( FIG. 2 ) of a motor vehicle, which is provided with an opening  6  that is square in outline, at the location provided for mounting the antenna. 
     As is shown best in  FIGS. 1 through 3 , antenna holder  2  includes a broadened antenna base  8  provided for mounting outside the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle, a preassembled anchoring device  12  extending beyond an underside  10  of antenna base  8 , whose cross sectional dimensions are smaller than the cross sectional dimensions of opening  6 , so that it is able to be pushed through opening  6  from the outside of roof  4  during the mounting of antenna holder  2 , as well as a fixing aid  14  ( FIG. 3 ), with the aid of which antenna holder  2  is able to be preliminarily fixed within opening  6  after the passing of anchoring device  12  through opening  6 . 
     As is shown best in  FIG. 3 , preassembled anchoring device  12  includes a socket part  16  that protrudes beyond the underside of antenna base  8  and is connected as one piece with antenna&#39;base  8 , an anchoring claw  20  that is set from below into a recess  18  ( FIG. 4 ) of socket part  16 , anchoring claw  20  having four bent arms  22 , a spreading element  24  situated below anchoring claw  20 , as well as a screw  26 , which holds together components  16 ,  20 ,  24  of preassembled anchoring device  12 , and is used to make spreading element  24  approach antenna base  8 , after the introduction of anchoring device  12  into opening  6  for anchoring antenna holder  2 , so as thereby to spread out and bend over arms  22  of anchoring claw  20 , until their free ends  28  engage with the inner side of roof  4 , and base part  8  is drawn against the outer side of roof  4 , as shown in  FIG. 2 . 
     As is shown best in  FIGS. 1 and 3 , antenna base  8  is made essentially of a flat circular base plate  30  and a reinforcing part  32 , applied to the upper side of base plate  30 , which forms a part of a holder for fixing aid  14 , and has a threaded bore  34  ( FIG. 4 ) for screw  26  that is extended all the way through base plate  30 . On its underside, base plate  30  is provided with a plurality of foam paddings  36 , which are intended to prevent the scratching of the paint on the outer side of roof  4  around opening  6 , during the mounting of antenna holder  2 . 
     As is shown best in  FIGS. 1 ,  2  and  4 , socket part  16  of anchoring device  12 , that is connected as one piece with antenna base  8 , and is produced together with it by injection molding, has a square outer cross section  38  adapted to the opening cross section of opening  6 , bordering on base plate  30 , so that socket part  16  fits into opening  6 , and is assured in it against being rotated. Moreover, socket part  16  has two cut-outs  40  ( FIG. 4 ) that are open edged towards the outside and situated at opposite outer sides, which in each case, together with an opposite edge section of opening  6 , limit a passage for in each case two antenna cables  41  of the antenna, shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 . At the two other outer sides, socket part  16  is also provided with two cut-outs  42  that open outwards, into which, in each case, there extend one of two springily bendable legs  44  of fixing aid  14 . In the middle, socket part  16  is provided with recess  18  that is open downwards, away from base plate  30 , in which anchoring claw  20  is inserted in such a way that it is supported by a planar annular center part  46 , having an outer square, against a complementary end face  50  of recess  18 . Circular opening  48  of center part  46  of anchoring claw  20 , in this context, lies with its inner circumferential edge, from the outside, against a cylindrical collar  52  that extends beyond the end face of recess  18 , the collar surrounding the opening out of threaded bore  34  into cut-out  18 , in order to center anchoring claw  20  with respect to axis of rotation  54  of screw  26 . For the accommodation of the four arms  22  of anchoring claw  20 , socket part  16  is provided with four radial slot openings  56 , which extend in the direction of the diagonals of square outer cross section  38  of socket part  16 , and are open inwards towards cut-out  18 , outwards as well as away from base plate  30  in the downward direction. 
     As is shown best in  FIG. 6 , the four arms  22  of anchoring claw  20 , which project slantwise downwards and outwards over center part  46  and are connected as one piece to center part  46 , are in their undeformed initial state bent gently into an S-shape. The arms  22  have an essentially constant width, but at their base, at the transition to center part  46 , they are provided with a narrowing in their cross section, in the form of two opposite, lateral notches  58 , which make it easier to bend over arms  22  with respect to center part  46 . The length and the shape of arms  22  are selected so that, after preassembly of anchoring device  12 , they are situated inside slot openings  56  of socket part  16 , their free ends  28  not extending beyond square outer cross section  38  of socket part  16 . Bordering on their free ends  28 , arms  22  are provided over a part of their length with an embossing  60 , so that they have a concavely curved inner side and a convexly curved outer side in that area. Free ends  28  of arms  22  are made pointed, so that they press from below into the inner side of roof  4  of the motor vehicle, when they are pressed against roof  4  after the anchoring of antenna holder  2  in the position shown in  FIG. 2 , where they are spread apart and deformed and directed towards base plate  30 . 
     As is shown best in  FIG. 5 , spreading element  24  has an axial passageway  61  for screw  26  and four spreading arms  62  situated around passageway  61  at an angular distance of 90 degrees each, which are provided with sliding surfaces  64  that are bent and convex in cross section on their upper side facing base plate  30 , which are essentially developed to be complementary to the concave inner sides of adjacent arms  22  of anchoring claw  20 . After introducing anchoring device  12  into opening  6 , when spreading element  24  is brought closer to base plate  30  by screwing screw  26  into threaded bore  34 , spreading element  24  being guided in slot openings  56  of socket part  16 , same as arms  22  of anchoring claw  20 , spreading arms  62  impose a force that is in each case directed upwards and outwards along bent sliding surfaces  64  on the adjacent arm  22  of anchoring claw  20 . Because of this force, arms  22  are spread out and bent over while being deformed, their free ends  28  moving out in the radial direction of axis of rotation  54  of screw  26 , increasingly further out of slot openings  56  of socket part  16 , and are finally pressed against the inside of roof  4  using their pointed free ends  28 , as is shown in  FIG. 2 . 
     As is shown best in  FIG. 3 , fixing aid  14  is essentially a U-shaped piece of sheet metal  66 , having yoke  70  provided with a through hole  68  for screw  26 , and the two springily elastic legs  44  which, in the vicinity of their free ends are bent outwards, forming a latching projection  72  and then are bent downwards at a slant to form a run-up ramp  74 . For preassembly, fixing aid  14  is placed from above onto base part  8  of antenna holder  2 , as shown in  FIG. 3 , the ends of leg  44  being introduced through slots  76  in base plate  30  into the two opposite recesses  42  of socket part  16 , as is shown best in  FIG. 1 , until yoke  70  touches the upper side of reinforcement part  32 . 
     During the mounting of antenna holder  2 , when anchoring device  12  is introduced from above and from outside into opening  6  in roof  4  of the motor vehicle, the free ends of legs  44  are pressed together a little as a result of the contact of run-up ramp  44  with the edge of opening  6 , until latching projections  72  latch under the roof, as shown in  FIG. 2 , and thus “pre-fix” the antenna holder in opening  6  in such a way that, upon subsequent tightening of screw  26 , it is neither able to turn nor give way in the axial direction of the axis of rotation  54  of the screw. 
     During the tightening of screw  26 , it is screwed into threaded bore  34  of base plate  30  and reinforcement part  32 , from the direction of the passenger compartment, spreading element  24  moving upwards in the direction of base plate  30 , using a head  80  that is provided with multiple sides, inside or outside, (that is not shown). In the process, arms  22  of anchoring claw  20  are bent by the force exercised on them by spreading arms  62 , and are spread outwards until roof  4  is firmly clamped between ends  28  of arms  22  and base plate  30 , and antenna holder  2  is thereby anchored on roof  4  in immovable fashion.