Abstract:
The present invention relates to a wall plate terminal, providing a rigid through-wall plumbing connection. A two degree pitch can be provided in the stem portions, providing drainage. The inner wall stem, outer wall stem and the plate are a single integral component. Any manner of plumbing connections, pipes, fixtures, etc. can be connected to either the inner or outer stems.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to a plumbing fixture or adapter, and more particularly to a wall terminal providing a rigid passage for a fixture connection through the wall, and with an option of a built-in two-degree pitch can provide self drainage to attached fixtures. This is particularly advantageous in the use of freeze resistant hose bibs or sill cocks. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     The common practice in the plumbing industry for penetrating or running pipes or lines through a wall is to simply drill a hole in the wall during fabrication of the structure and then run the line or pipe through the hole, or to extend the pipe or line past the framing members sufficiently to allow for sheathing at a later time. Decorative mounts may be placed on the other wall side, but these mounts are merely to hide the hole in the wall and serve no structural function. The solid integral pipe extending through the wall may be connected to a plumbing fixture, such as an isolation valve or faucet on the outer side of the wall, and to a supply line or junction on the inner side of the wall. However, the pipe extending through the wall is not supported against movement or vibration within the wall or structure. 
     The major drawback of the conventional through-wall system is that the plumbing system installed during the construction or fabrication stage of the building or structure does not provide solid support for the fixture or pipe passing through the wall. The plumbing system is not supported from one side of the wall to the other. However, when repairs or replacements are needed in the plumbing system, it is often necessary to work on the plumbing on both sides of the wall. This often entails destroying a substantial portion of the wall to expose the plumbing. This results in significant expense and labor to make what, in essence, is a relatively simple plumbing repair. The plumbing fixture/adapter will dramatically reduce the costs for job site repairs as well as job site makeup of the rough piping components. 
     SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     In summary, this invention is directed to a plumbing connector which attaches to a framing member during the fabrication of construction (before sheathing is installed). The connector provides a rigid through-wall plumbing connection which essentially separates the plumbing on the finished side of the wall. This eliminates any significant destruction of the wall when fixture replacement or repairs are needed. 
     OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a plumbing adapter for through-wall penetration for securely mounting plumbing systems to a wall while allowing for easy repair and replacement of the plumbing fixtures. 
     It is another object of this invention to provide a framing mounted adapter for mounting plumbing fixtures, particularly shower heads, faucets, valves, and the like, to a wall for added support. The adapter can be fabricated with a two-degree pitch for self drainage to the stem portions. 
     It is a further object of at least one embodiment of this invention to provide a fire block at the point where a plumbing system effects a through-wall penetration. 
     Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent from a study of the following portion of the specification, the claims and the attached drawing. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     For a fuller understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings taken in conjunction with the following detailed description of the Best Mode For Carrying Out The Invention. In the drawings: 
     FIG. 1 is a side-elevational view, with parts broken away and parts taken in section, of a first preferred embodiment of the wall-attached plumbing connector of this invention. 
     FIG. 2 is an front elevational view thereof. 
     FIG. 3 is a perspective view thereof showing the connectors of FIGS. 1 and 2 installed in the exterior wall of the structure and having plumbing connected thereto. 
     FIG. 4 is a side-elevational view, with parts broken away and parts taken in section, of a second preferred embodiment of the wall-attached plumbing connector of this invention. 
     FIG. 5 is a front-elevational view of the connector of FIG. 4. 
     FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the plumbing connector of FIG. 4 installed in the wall of a structure and having plumbing connected thereto. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The first preferred embodiment of the wall-attached plumbing connector of this invention is generally indicated at 10 in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3. The connector 10 comprises a wall plate 12 which is rectangular or square in configuration, as shown in FIG. 2. The wall plate has fastener holes 14, 16, 18 and 20 adjacent its four corners. The fastener holes are spaced an appropriate distance for attachment to the building structure to which it is attached. In one preferred embodiment, holes 14, 16, 18, and 20 are equally spaced three inches apart from one another. In addition to those fastener holes, additional holes can be provided as would be appropriate for particular installations. The wall plate 12 carries indicia 22 which indicates the up direction for reasons which are described below. 
     While wall plate 12 in a preferred embodiment is shown as a substantially square structure, it will be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art that the shape of wall plate 12 can be highly application specific. Accordingly, the principles of the present invention specifically contemplate the formation of wall plate 12 as any geometric shape required for a given application. Such shapes include, but are not limited to triangles, squares, rectangles, regular and irregular polygons, circles, arcs, circular sections, ellipses, and elliptical sections. 
     Connector tube 24 has an opening therethrough and extends out of both sides of the wall plate, as seen in FIG. 1. The outside of the wall plate is the side seen in FIG. 2, which carries the indicia thereon. The inside portion 26 of the connector tube extends inward from plate 12, and the outside portion 28 extends outward from plate 12. The inside portion 26 of the connector tube defines an inner surface to receive a connecting plumbing fitting. The surface may be threaded for insertion of pipes or nipples, or may be slip-fit for soldered copper or glued synthetic polymer tube to be attached. The outside portion 28 is similar and has a female threaded surface 30 for the introduction of a nipple, pipe or the like. The exterior of the outside portion is a hexagonal surface 32 to which a wrench can be applied to counteract applied torque during the insertion and removal of a threaded pipe into the threaded surface 30. 
     The wall-attached plumbing connector 10 provides a rigid mounting through walls for plumbing systems during the fabrication stage of construction by mounting to the framing members which can be horizontally or vertically constructed for attachment of the invention. The connector 10 is particularly suited to be made of copper, chrome plate, brass, stainless steel, corrosion-resistant steel, and synthetic polymer composition material such as PVC and CPVC or other polymers. Where connector 10, and especially plate 12 thereof are formed of fire-proof, fire-retardant, or fire-resistant materials, (such as brass or stainless steel) connector 10 can further serve as a fire block at the point where the plumbing system effects the wall penetration. The connector comprises a wall mount that has an inner wall contacting surface and an outer portion of sufficient length to extend through a wall of predetermined thickness. The outer portion, which penetrates the wall sheathing, defines an inner and outer diameter sufficient for a pipe or fixture of predetermined diameter to be attached. 
     In this manner, the inside portion and the outside portion, separated by a plate secured to the framing member, define a rigid plumbing passage through a wall to which can be soldered, glued or fitted, in any manner, a plumbing fixture or pipe by adapting variations of connections between the inner and outer tube portions. This would include, but not be limited to variations such as female to male threads, female thread to solder joint, male thread to solder joint, male thread to male thread, female thread to male thread, female threaded to female thread, etc. The connections are secured to the wall by a flange or plate 12 which is attached to the wall with screws or nails to the framing member. This provides backup or rigidity for installation and removal for repairs of a fixture or pipe from the finished side of a wall. 
     The outside portion 28 of the connector tube 24 penetrates the sheathing 34, as seen in FIG. 3. It includes a circumferential engagement portion so that the wall plate and stem can be secured for attachment of fixtures using something such as a hexagonal shaped circumference for engagement by a wrench or like device. In an alternative preferred embodiment, it is not necessary that the supply pipe extending into the inner wall connection and the pipe or fixture extending from the outer wall connection be of the same diameter. For example, a three-quarter inch supply line may be inserted into the inner wall connection, whereas a half-inch line may extend from the outer wall connection, with the plate securing the fittings to the framing separately and adapting the two size connectors together. 
     FIG. 3 shows the connector 10 installed on a wall. The wall has studs 36 onto the exterior of which is secured the sheathing 34. Before the sheathing is installed, the connector 10 is secured in place, as by nails 38 through the holes in the corner of the plate 12. Interiorly of the wall, the inside pipe 40 is attached to the inside portion 26. The illustrated pipe is a soldered copper tubing. In such a case, the connector 10 is made of copper or brass to be compatible with the soldering connection. If the interior piping is of synthetic polymer composition material, then the inside portion 26 needs to be threaded to be connectable thereto or needs to be made of a material which is suitable for gluing thereto. The connector 10 is thus made of one piece of material, and the material is chosen to be compatible with the piping system. As is seen in FIG. 3, the outside portion 28 extends through the sheathing 34. When the exterior siding 42 is applied, a nipple or other extender is screwed into the exterior portion to protect the tube 24 and to provide a hole in the siding through which a fitting can be installed after completion of the siding. In the present case, hose bib 44 with an integral long nipple 46 is installed upon completion of the exterior siding 42. 
     In those cases where the fitting is to be used out through an exterior wall, such as to carry a hose bib, as illustrated in FIG. 3, it is preferable that the inside and outside portions of the connector tube each be angled slightly downward with respect to the horizontal axis 48. This is to permit drainage of both the interior and exterior plumbing with respect to plate 12. As indicated in FIG. 1, the axes of these portions each have about a 2 degree downslope with respect to the axis. For this reason, the indicia 22 is provided to make sure the connector is correctly installed. 
     The connector 10 can also be used on an interior wall of the structure. It may be used to carry a shower arm and shower head. It may be used for installation of a toilet supply valve, or the like. 
     The connector 50 shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 has the same wall plate with its fastener holes. It also has indicia 52, which indicates the up direction. It has a connector tube 54 which has an interior portion 56 and exterior portion 58. As contrasted to the connector 10, the exterior portion 58 has screw threads 60 on the exterior thereof. The exterior portion 58 is sufficiently long with respect to the wall plate that the threaded portion extends out past the wall material 62, which is secured to the studs over the plate of connector 50. The screw-threaded portion 60 thus extends beyond the wall material. Valve 64 can be threaded thereon to control outflow of liquid. This structure is particularly suitable for the water supply tube to a toilet, but can be employed in many other similar uses. In FIG. 6, the valve 64 is shown in exploded position. As seen in FIG. 4, both the interior and exterior portions of the connector tube are downsloped. In this way, a through-wall plumbing connector is securely affixed to the structure for rigid attachment on both sides of the plumbing connector. 
     The plumbing connector is preferably made in a single part, such as by casting or molding. Post casting machining may be required to clear the bore through the center, cut the threads, and/or machine a smooth cylindrical surface for the soldering of copper tube therein. The casting of the structure in a single piece is particularly useful when the inside portions and outside portions of the connector tube are not axially aligned, but are each aligned at 88 degrees with respect to the plane of the wall plate. However, the structure can be made of two parts. The connector tube can be fashioned, preferably with a flange in the proper location, and the connector tube can be inserted into an opening in the wall plate and soldered, brazed or welded therein. 
     This invention has been described in its presently contemplated best modes, and it is clear that it is susceptible to numerous modifications, modes and embodiments within the ability of those skilled in the art and without the exercise of the inventive faculty.