Abstract:
A hearing instrument uses a single momentary switch or joystick to toggle programmable functions or value for each function. The length of the user actuation, short or long, can determine the action for internal circuit programming. The function change can be used in a circular or cyclical way, and the value range of each function can be programmed by specialized computer software. The present invention can replace plurality of controls used historically with one single component, which is very critical in building small hearing aids. The smaller faceplate area allows for better miniaturization and easier access for hearing aid users.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
       [0001]    In hearing aid design, one of the primary design criteria is the miniaturization of component parts. In known programmable hearing aids, control elements such as a volume control and a program changing switch (used by a user to select different programs, situational settings, or control parameters) are optionally provided, if such controls can be fitted on small area of the hearing aid faceplate. This is dependent upon the size of the customer shell and model requested. 
         [0002]    In known non-programmable hearing aids, the volume control and various function controls/trimmers are assigned as separate hardware elements for each function; these further must conform with the size limitations in order to be able to fit on small area of faceplate. In general, even hearing aids having a large shell size can generally only accommodate a volume control and perhaps controls for two functions (from selection of four or five possible functions). It is desirable, however, to provide users with more control of functionality than is currently available with traditional designs. In the prior art, there are no devices having a volume control and pushbutton function replaced with one smaller momentary switch. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0003]    Accordingly, the present invention replaces a plurality of controls that have been used historically with one control having a functionality of the plurality of controls. These controls could include a volume control, a push-button for selecting hearing aid programs, and on/off switch, etc. Ideally, this control is designed to emphasize the greatest degree of minimization that is possible, since the size of components or controls that are used is a fundamentally critical criterion used in the construction of tiny hearing aids, and its use permits building smaller hearing aids than are currently on the market while also giving the user easy access to adjust some a larger number of acoustic functions. Additionally, the control can be designed as, e.g., a tiny switch with a handle that can be used as mechanical support for hearing aid and the handle having a graspable portion so that it can be used as a removal tool or mechanism to remove the hearing aid from customer&#39;s ear. 
         [0004]    In a preferred embodiment, a momentary switch or a joystick is used to toggle between different program selections or programmable functions, and to adjust parameter values for each function. A momentary press or a press and hold can create a short or a long electrical pulse that determines an action for internal programming. 
         [0005]    A number of functions can be implemented using the mechanism as described above. A programmed user setting can be read on a computer with specialized software and changed accordingly. This can occur using, e.g., by the hearing aid and computer exchanging pulsed data over a cable/flex strip having a special connector or tiny programming pins. This concept can also be implemented with the use of trimmers, which are small potentiometers, in a trimmer type hearing aid, in which a single component replaces two or more hardware trimmers. 
     
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0006]    The invention is explained in more detail below with reference various preferred embodiments illustrated in the following drawings and appertaining description below. 
           [0007]      FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram illustrating a momentary switch embodiment; 
           [0008]      FIG. 2  is a schematic diagram illustrating a joystick utilizing a single IC control input pad embodiment; and 
           [0009]      FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram illustrating a joystick utilizing a double IC control input pad embodiment. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0010]      FIG. 1  illustrates an embodiment of the invention in which a momentary switch  20  with a toggle arm  26  can be moved along an up-down axis from a neutral center position. The switch is illustrated as a single-pole, double-throw (SPDT) switch, and, in the illustrated embodiment which could use a typical hearing aid voltage source (e.g., battery) of 1.4V, the three levels of voltage available are 0.0V, 0.7V (half of the power supply), and 1.4V. These different levels then permit the implementation, e.g., of a volume control or other function that can be changed up or down. 
         [0011]    One pin from the switch  20  may be connected to the voltage supply, e.g., 1.4V, positive  22  and another pin from the switch  20  may be connected to a voltage supply negative  24  (e.g., ground, or 0.0V). A center pin  28  of the switch  20  is connected to a control input of an integrated circuit control input pad  30 , in which an interface resistor divider  32  pre-polarizes a working point  36  to a mid supply voltage value (in the example presented, 0.7V). By way of example, a resistance R value may be on the order of 100 to 200 kΩ. 
         [0012]    The capacitor  34  may be used as an anti-bouncing circuit to eliminate very short pulses resulting from mechanical vibrations of the contacts after moving the handle  26  from one position to the other. The capacitance of the capacitor  34  may be on the order of between 100 and 1000 pF. A debouncing capacitor or other circuitry is important for the IC control input pad  30  to properly interpret the correct number of incoming electrical pulses. 
         [0013]    If the toggle handle  26  of the switch  20  is moved to an upper position, the positive voltage  22  is applied to the center pin  28 , and if the toggle handle  26  of the switch  20  is moved to lower position, the negative voltage  24  is applied to the center pin  28 . The IC control input  36  will interpret this positive or negative electrical pulse as a trigger to the proper function change. 
         [0014]    The switch  20  can be operated via either short or long electrical pulses that are implemented via a pressing of the switch either up or down, and these pulses utilized to control the functionality. By way of a practical example that might be utilized for a user, a short electrical pulse may be in a range of 0.0 to 1.5 seconds in duration, and long electrical pulses may be in the range of &gt;1.5 seconds of duration. 
         [0015]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , a short electrical pulse from positive to negative can be interpreted as a volume control step up and down (default), whereas long electrical pulse can be interpreted as a program change up and down (e.g., from program 1 to program 2, etc.). Alternately, positive long electrical pulses can be interpreted as a program change up in a circular way (programs 1-2-3-4-1-2, etc.) and a negative electrical pulse can be interpreted as a power off-on circuit and/or battery life (or other) information. In an embodiment of the invention, battery life (or other feedback) information can be in the form of an acoustic signal such as a beep, musical tones and/or synthesized speech. 
         [0016]    The pulse duration and other possible pulse attributes can be interpreted by pulse analysis circuitry  38 , which can comprise, e.g., a comparator level circuit to detect a voltage level change direction and time counter circuit to measure pulse duration. The output of this pulse analysis circuitry  38  can interface with the hearing aid control  50  to change various function and parameter values. 
         [0017]    Referring to the joystick embodiment shown in  FIG. 2 , a similar functionality can be implemented as that provided by the switch illustrated in  FIG. 1 . Accordingly, short and long electrical pulses can control similar or identical functions described above, but can make use of a joystick type control capable of moving in two dimensions (left-right, and up-down). Note that in  FIG. 2 , there is only a single IC control input pad  30  that is controlled by the joystick toggle arm  26 , and either a left or up movement will trigger a first connection, whereas a down or right movement will trigger a second connection. In this case, a similar analysis of short and long pulses can be implemented. 
         [0018]    However, in another embodiment, as illustrated in  FIG. 3 , it may be desirable to control two different inputs depending on whether an up-down or left-right motion is utilized on the joystick. In this scenario, it is possible to use only pulses of a single duration (long or short) and let the horizontal or vertical direction of switching dictate the input and analysis. Or, depending on the tolerable level of user complexity, additional functionality could be achieved by utilizing a combination of long and short pulses in each direction, thereby doubling the amount of information that the joystick is capable of providing. Alternately, short pulses, e.g., could be allocated to up-down motion and long pulses could be allocated to left-right motion so as to make things clearer and simpler for the user. 
         [0019]    The illustration in  FIG. 3  shows two separate joysticks and respective toggle arms  26 ,  26 ′, one having an up-down motion, and another having a left-right motion, however, it is possible that a single control unit serves to operate the unit (in a manner analogous to a double-pole, double-throw switch)—what is important in this configuration is that there are two physically separate outputs of the switch to individually connect to INPUT  1  and INPUT  2  at working points  36 ,  36 ′. Alternately, a joystick having a common center pole, but different voltage supplies connected to the up-down and left-right pair of switches could be utilized, and thus the different voltage levels could be discerned by the pulse analysis circuitry. 
         [0020]    By way of example, if the IC control input pad  30  has two controlling inputs INPUT  1 , INPUT  2 , short electrical pulses up-down can control volume control and long electrical pulses left-right can control memory switching function. 
         [0021]    For non-programmable hearing aids, the idea can work in similar way as described above. For example, long electrical pulses can change basic functions, such as volume control VC, automatic gain control AGC, output control OUT, low frequency roll-off NH, high frequency roll-of NL, gain control GC, and short electrical pulse can, e.g., change a quantized step value for each function (typically the quantization is limited to eight to sixteen steps/levels). 
         [0022]    For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference has been made to the preferred embodiments illustrated in the drawings, and specific language has been used to describe these embodiments. However, no limitation of the scope of the invention is intended by this specific language, and the invention should be construed to encompass all embodiments that would normally occur to one of ordinary skill in the art. 
         [0023]    The present invention may be described in terms of functional block components and various processing steps. Such functional blocks may be realized by any number of hardware and/or software components configured to perform the specified functions. Furthermore, the present invention could employ any number of conventional techniques for electronics configuration, signal processing and/or control, data processing and the like. The particular implementations shown and described herein are illustrative examples of the invention and are not intended to otherwise limit the scope of the invention in any way. For the sake of brevity, conventional electronics, control systems, and other functional aspects of the systems (and components of the individual operating components of the systems) may not be described in detail. Furthermore, the connecting lines, or connectors shown in the various figures presented are intended to represent exemplary functional relationships and/or physical or logical couplings between the various elements. It should be noted that many alternative or additional functional relationships, physical connections or logical connections may be present in a practical device. Moreover, no item or component is essential to the practice of the invention unless the element is specifically described as “essential” or “critical”. Numerous modifications and adaptations will be readily apparent to those skilled in this art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. 
       TABLE OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS 
       [0000]    
       
           10  switch or joystick system 
           20 ,  20 ′ momentary switch 
           22  voltage supply positive 
           24  voltage supply negative 
           26 , 26 ′ toggle arm 
           28  center pin 
           30  control input pad 
           32 ,  32 ′ resistor divider 
           34 ,  34 ′ capacitor 
           36 ,  36 ′ working point 
           38 ,  38 ′ pulse analysis circuitry 
           50  hearing aid function controller