Abstract:
A connecting element for electrically connecting two components to a first electric contact element for electrically contacting a first component, to a second electric contact element for electrically contacting a second component, and to at least one tolerance compensating element is disclosed. The fluid assembly includes at least one such connecting element. The connecting element is configured as one piece and the first electric contact element and the second electric contact element are connected to each other by way of the at least one tolerance compensating element. The first variable tolerance compensating element enables a compensation in length in at least one spatial direction in order to predetermine a desired spatial position of the first contact element and the second contact element in relation to each other. The first variable tolerance compensating element may be three-dimensionally shaped by bending.

Description:
This application is a 35 U.S.C. §371 National Stage Application of PCT/EP2010/054704, filed on Apr. 9, 2010, which claims the benefit of priority to Application Serial No. DE 10 2009 026 816.2, filed on Jun. 8, 2009 in Germany, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. 
     BACKGROUND 
     The disclosure relates to a connecting element for electrically connecting a first component to a second component of the generic type according to a related fluid assembly. 
     Laid-open application DE 44 12 664 A1 therefore discloses, for example, an electrohydraulic pressure adjustment apparatus for a slip-controlled vehicle brake system. The described pressure adjustment apparatus has at least one valve which is joined to the valve block and has a valve dome which projects from the valve block and onto which a coil, which is arranged in a cover, can be fitted. Electrical contact elements which are cohesively connected to one another emerge from the coil and from the cover. The electrical contact elements of the coil and of the cover are of flexible design. They implement both the electrical connection and the holding function for the coil. They also allow the coil to be aligned when it is fitted onto the valve dome. The electrical contact elements of the cover are designed in the form of stamped-grid strips which are cast into the cover which is composed of an insulating material. The stamped-grid strips extend at a right angle to the longitudinal axis of the coil running plane and have meandering angled sections, as a result of which the stamped-grid strips have a relatively high degree of elastic flexibility in a plane which runs at a right angle to the longitudinal axis of the coil. The stamped-grid strips have, at their free end, a fastening lug which runs parallel to the associated connecting wire of the coil and is connected to said connecting wire by a cohesive connection such as welding or soldering. 
     SUMMARY 
     The connecting element according to the disclosure for electrically connecting two components having the features of independent patent claim  1  has, in contrast, the advantage that the connecting element is of one-piece design, and the first electrical contact element and the second electrical contact element are connected to one another by means of at least one tolerance compensation element, with a first variable tolerance compensation element permitting length compensation in at least one direction in space in order to prespecify a desired spatial positioning of the first contact element and of the second contact element in relation to one another, and with the first variable tolerance compensation element being three-dimensionally shaped by bending. The three-dimensional design of the first variable tolerance compensation element results in operation in the manner of a torsion spring and therefore considerably improved mechanical decoupling and a reduction in forces in the contact region of the first contact element. 
     A fluid assembly having a connecting element according to the disclosure for electrically connecting a magnet assembly of a solenoid valve to a printed circuit board of a controller having the features set forth below has the advantage that a magnet coil of the magnet assembly is electrically connected to the printed circuit board by means of at least one connecting element according to the disclosure, with the first contact element of the connecting element respectively being connected to a connecting dome of the magnet assembly, and the second electrical contact element of the connecting element being connected to a contact region of the printed circuit board. After being electrically connected to the printed circuit board, the magnet assembly is fitted on a valve cartridge, which projects beyond a fluid block of the fluid assembly, with a first variable tolerance compensation element, which connects the first contact element to the second contact element, permitting length compensation in at least one direction in space in order to prespecify a desired spatial positioning of the first contact element and of the second contact element in relation to one another and to compensate for existing positional tolerances since the magnet coil surrounds the valve cartridge, which is mounted in the fluid block, with radial play. Furthermore, the tolerance compensation element can compensate for changes in length which are caused by changes in temperature. The connecting element according to the disclosure can be used to advantageously electrically connect the magnet coil directly to the printed circuit board without a stamped grid and without a welding or soldering process. 
     Embodiments of the present disclosure permit very good mechanical decoupling of the thermal and dynamic reciprocating movements of the intermediate base of the controller in relation to the contact point on the coil wire of the magnet coil. In addition, this provides a sufficient degree of freedom from forces and freedom of movement of the coil wire contact-making means for a cold contact-making connection. The three-dimensional shaping of the tolerance compensation element of the connecting element according to the disclosure can create additional installation space above the magnet coil, so that a considerably extended meander for the tolerance compensation element can be accommodated, it being possible, in addition, for said meander to be loaded not only as a bending bar but also as a torsion spring in the event of various relative movements. Both extending the meander of the tolerance compensation element and changing the loading result in considerably reduced mechanical stresses in the connecting element according to the disclosure itself and considerably reduced amounts of force being introduced at the contact point of the first contact element in relation to the coil wire of the magnet coil. 
     Advantageous improvements to the connecting element specified in independent patent claim  1  and to the fluid assembly specified in independent patent claim  9  are possible by virtue of the measures and developments cited in the dependent claims. 
     It is particularly advantageous for the bent portion of the first variable tolerance compensation element to be shaped to form an omega. Shaping the bent portion of the meander of the first tolerance compensation element to form an omega provides the best-possible compromise between the installation space, the elasticity for mechanical decoupling, the stability for absorbing vibrations and mechanical forces before installation and the ease of manufacture of the connecting element, for example by stamping and bending. 
     In one refinement of the connecting element according to the disclosure, the two contact elements implement different types of cold contact-making connections, with the types of cold contact-making connections comprising an insulation displacement connection and/or a plug connection. On account of the use of an insulation displacement connection, it is no longer necessary to strip the insulation coating of the coil wire at the wire ends of the winding. In addition, no thermal processes, which are susceptible to faults, are required in the case of an insulation displacement connection or plug connection, as a result of which process monitoring and the process devices can be realized at lower cost. 
     The connecting element according to the disclosure is designed, for example, in the form of a one-piece stamped part which can be produced in a simple and cost-effective manner. In this case, the bent portion, which is designed in the form of an omega for example, of the meander of the first tolerance compensation element, is, after stamping, bent over substantially perpendicular to the starting position in a further production step. 
     In one refinement of the connecting element according to the disclosure, the first contact element comprises, for example, a cutting element for establishing the electrical insulation displacement connection to the coil wire. In addition, the first contact element comprises an integrally formed mechanical connection element in order to mechanically connect the first contact element to a corresponding contact receptacle of the magnet assembly. In addition, an additional hole, can be made in the first contact element, above the cutting element, for alignment purposes during mounting. The second contact element is designed, for example, in the form of a plug connection at one end, it being possible to insert said plug connection into a corresponding plug receptacle in the printed circuit board in order to establish an electrical and mechanical connection. The second contact element, which is designed in the form of a plug connection, can have a mechanical connection element at the other end, it being possible to press the second contact element into an aperture by way of said mechanical connection element. 
     In one refinement of the fluid assembly according to the disclosure, the first tolerance compensation element, which is arranged between the first electrical contact element and the second electrical contact element, performs length compensation in at least one direction in space in order to prespecify a desired spatial positioning of the first contact element and of the second contact element in relation to one another, with a lateral spacing between the two contact elements being selected such that the second contact element projects laterally beyond the magnet assembly by way of the mechanical connection element. A second tolerance compensation element, which is arranged between the second contact element and the mechanical connection element, performs length compensation between the printed circuit board and the intermediate base of the controller. 
     Advantageous embodiments of the disclosure are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in the text which follows. In the drawings, identical reference symbols designate components and elements which perform the same or similar functions. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  shows a schematic sectional illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a fluid assembly according to the disclosure. 
         FIG. 2  shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a connecting element according to the disclosure. 
         FIG. 3  shows a side view of the exemplary embodiment of a connecting element according to the disclosure from  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 4  shows a plan view of the exemplary embodiment of a connecting element according to the disclosure from  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 5  shows a schematic illustration of a belt having a plurality of connecting elements according to the disclosure. 
         FIG. 6  shows a schematic perspective illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a magnet assembly for the fluid assembly according to the disclosure as per  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 7  shows a side view of the exemplary embodiment of the magnet assembly from  FIG. 6  for the fluid assembly according to the disclosure as per  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 8  shows a plan view of the exemplary embodiment of the magnet assembly from  FIG. 6  for the fluid assembly according to the disclosure as per  FIG. 1 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     A conventional fluid assembly, which is used, for example, in an anti-lock brake system (ABS) or a traction control system (ASR system) or an electronic stability program system (ESP system), generally comprises a controller and a fluid region, which comprise at least one fluid component, which is designed in the form of a fluid block or in the form of a pump motor for example, and at least one fluid control element which is designed, for example, in the form of a valve cartridge which is part of a related solenoid valve. In order to actuate the at least one fluid component and the at least one fluid control element, the controller comprises a printed circuit board which, at the same time, are used as a circuit mount and to connect a consumer plug, which is located on the housing, and the solenoid valves. In addition, the controller comprises magnet assemblies which are likewise part of the respectively related solenoid valve and are required to adjust the fluid control elements which are designed in the form of valve cartridges. The magnet assemblies generate a magnetic force by means of electrical magnet coils in each case, it being possible to use said magnetic force to adjust the fluid control elements which set corresponding volumetric flows which are routed in fluid ducts of the fluid component which is designed in the form of a fluid block. The magnet coils usually comprise an iron core, a winding carrier and a wire winding and can be electrically connected to electronic circuits on the printed circuit board. The electrical magnet coils of the magnet assemblies are contacted via a stamped grid which is electrically connected to at least one electronic circuit of the printed circuit board, with the magnet assemblies, which are electrically connected to the printed circuit board via the stamped grid, being fitted on the fluid control elements which are designed in the form of valve cartridges and are firmly connected, preferably caulked, for example, to the fluid component which is designed in the form of a fluid block. The stamped grid used is highly complicated in terms of design and tools required, is highly inflexible and can be varied only with difficulty over the life of the process. In addition, a further electrical connection piece, for example in the form of individual connecting pins, is required between the stamped grid and the printed circuit board, in conjunction with the printed circuit board technology. 
     As can be seen in  FIG. 1 , a fluid assembly  1  according to the disclosure comprises a fluid block  3 , a printed circuit board  4  which is arranged in a controller, and a plurality of solenoid valves  2 , of which two solenoid valves  2  are illustrated. The solenoid valves  2  each comprise a magnet assembly  2 . 1 , which has a magnet coil  2 . 3  and two connecting domes  2 . 4 , and a valve cartridge  2 . 2  which is mounted in the fluid block  3 . The magnet assemblies  2 . 1  of the solenoid valves  2  are each fitted on the valve cartridges  2 . 2 , which project beyond the fluid block  3 . The magnet coils  2 . 3  of the magnet assemblies  2 . 1  are each electrically connected to the printed circuit board  4  by means of two connecting elements  10  according to the disclosure. As can also be seen in  FIG. 1 , the magnet assemblies  2  are each pressed on the fluid block  3  by an elastic holding element  6 , which is supported on the intermediate base  5  of the controller housing, in order to prevent or to reduce vibrational loading on the connecting elements  10 . 
     As can be seen in  FIGS. 2 to 4 , a connecting element  10  according to the disclosure for electrically connecting the magnet coil  2 . 3  to the printed circuit board  4  comprises a first electrical contact element  11  for making electrical contact with the magnet coil  2 . 3  and a second electrical contact element  12  for making electrical contact with the printed circuit board  4 , with the two contact elements  11 ,  12  being connected to one another by means of a first tolerance compensation element  13  and a second tolerance compensation element  14 . 
     As can also be seen in  FIGS. 2 to 4 , the two contact elements  11 ,  12  implement different types of cold contact-making connections, with the first contact element  11  comprising a cutting element  11 . 1  for establishing an electrical insulation displacement connection to a coil wire of the magnet coil  2 . 3  and an integrally formed mechanical connection element  15  in order to mechanically connect the first contact element  11  to the corresponding connecting dome  2 . 4  of the magnet assembly  2 . 1 . The second contact element  12  is designed in the form of a plug connection at one end, it being possible to insert or press said plug connection into a corresponding plug receptacle  4 . 1 , which is illustrated in  FIG. 1 , in the printed circuit board  4  in order to establish an electrical and mechanical connection, and thus in order to implement the cold contact-making connection between the plug connection and the plug receptacle  4 . 1 . At the other end, the second contact element  12 , which is designed in the form of a plug connection, has a mechanical connection element  16 , it being possible to press the second contact element  12  into an aperture  5 . 1  in an intermediate base  5  of the controller by way of said mechanical connection element. The first variable tolerance compensation element  13  allows length compensation in at least one direction in space in order to prespecify a desired spatial positioning of the first contact element  12  and of the second contact element  13  in relation to one another, with the first variable tolerance compensation element  13  being three-dimensionally shaped by bending. The bent portion of the first variable tolerance compensation element  13  is shaped to form an omega in the illustrated exemplary embodiment. The second tolerance compensation element  14  is arranged between the second contact element  12  and the mechanical connection element  16  and permits length compensation between the printed circuit board  4  and the intermediate base  5  of the controller. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the connecting element  10  according to the disclosure is designed in the form of a one-piece stamped part which can be produced in a simple and cost-effective manner. In this case, the bent portion, which is designed in the form of an omega, of the meander of the first tolerance compensation element  13 , is, after stamping, bent over substantially perpendicular to the starting position in a further production step, as can be seen in  FIGS. 2 to 4 . 
     As can also be seen in  FIGS. 2 to 4 , the second contact element  12  can have a defined material thickness, which is different from the first contact element  11 , depending on the design of the plug receptacle  4 . 1  or the press-in zone in the printed circuit board  4 , and therefore a material thickness difference  18  is produced between the second contact element  12  and the first tolerance compensation element  13 . The material thickness difference  18  can be realized, for example, by a milled step. 
     Therefore, the connecting elements  10  according to the disclosure electrically connect the magnet coils  2 . 3  of the magnet assemblies  2 . 1  to the electronics on the printed circuit board  4 . The connecting element  10  is mechanically connected to an aperture  5 . 1  in the intermediate base  5  of the controller, for example, by means of a mechanical connection element  16 , which is designed in the form of a latching contour, by being pressed on. This ensures that, starting from the magnet coil  2 . 3 , no mechanical forces can be transmitted to the electrical cold contact-making connection of the second contact element  12  in the printed circuit board  4 . The insulation displacement connection of the first contact element  11  to the connecting dome  2 . 4  is shaped such that the electrical cold contact-making connection to the coil wire of the magnet coil  2 . 3  is made in the cutting element  11 . 1 , which is designed in the form of a slot, and the mechanical connection to the connecting dome  2 . 4  of the magnet assembly  2 . 1  is established at the mechanical connection element  15  which is designed in the form of an external tooth system. 
     As can be seen in  FIGS. 6 to 8 , a magnet assembly  2 . 1 , which is illustrated by way of example, comprises two connecting domes  2 . 4  and a housing casing  2 . 5  which covers the magnet coils  2 . 3  which are wound onto a winding former. In order to mount the two connecting elements  10  for making contact with the magnet assembly  2 . 1 , the connecting elements  10  are, as can be seen in  FIG. 5 , supplied on a belt  20 . The connecting elements  10  are then separated and the portion, which is designed in the form of an omega, of the meander of the first tolerance compensation element  13  is bent over substantially perpendicular to the starting position. For mounting purposes, the connecting element  10  according to the disclosure is picked up by a grabber at a first grabber position  17 . 1  above the first contact element  11  and pushed into the corresponding connecting dome  2 . 4  of the magnet assembly  2 . 1 , with the electrical contact between the first contact element  11  and the coil wire being established by the insulation displacement connection. An additional hole  11 . 2  is made in the first contact element  11 , above the cutting element  11 . 1 , for alignment purposes during mounting. The fact that the connecting elements  10  are routed laterally beyond the diameter of the magnet assembly  2 . 1  allows the connecting element  10  to be picked up directly at a second grabber position  17 . 2  below the second contact element  12  and allows the connecting element  10 , together with the magnet assembly  2 . 1 , to be pressed into the intermediate base  5  of the controller housing with force. In addition, the forces which act on the second contact element  12  as the printed circuit board  4  is being pressed can be absorbed via this grabber position  17 . 2 . The magnet coil  2 . 3  surrounds the valve cartridge  2 . 2 , which is mounted in the fluid block  3 , with very little radial play, and therefore the position of the magnet coil  2 . 3 , which is premounted in the controller, is influenced directly by the positional tolerances of the valve cartridge. Since the latching positions of the connecting elements  10  in the intermediate base  5  of the controller housing are independent of these tolerances, the connecting elements  10  have the option of one-off tolerance compensation during mounting by virtue of the first tolerance compensation elements  13 . Therefore, the second contact elements  12  can be picked up by means of the second grabber position  17 . 2  and be aligned for mounting in the corresponding aperture  5 . 1  in the intermediate base  5  of the controller housing by deformation of the first tolerance compensation elements  13 . The first tolerance compensation elements  13  each extend substantially at a right angle to the longitudinal axis of the first contact element  11  and to the longitudinal axis of the second contact element  12 , and therefore the longitudinal axes of the two contact elements  11  and  12  run substantially parallel to one another. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the first tolerance compensation element  13  has two meandering angled sections between which the bent-over portion which is designed in the form of an omega is arranged, as a result of which the respective connecting element  10  has a relatively high degree of elastic flexibility between the two contact elements  11 ,  12 . 
     The connecting element according to the disclosure advantageously performs the requisite tolerance compensation between the magnet assembly and the wiring plane, allows a cost saving to be made by reducing the number of parts or quantities of material, processes, systems etc., and increases the flexibility and ability to modularize the assembly for various applications, for example in an anti-lock brake system (ABS) or a traction control system (ASR system) or an electronic stability program system (ESP system). In addition, the space requirements in the entire system can be reduced. 
     Furthermore, the connecting element according to the disclosure allows considerably improved mechanical decoupling and a reduction in forces in the contact region on the coil side. The three-dimensional shaping of the meander of the first tolerance compensation element by bending additionally results in operation in the manner of a torsion spring. This provides optimum mechanical decoupling of the thermal and dynamic reciprocating movements of the controller intermediate base in relation to the contact point on the coil wire. In addition, a considerably extended meander of the first tolerance compensation element can be accommodated on account of the additionally obtained installation space above the magnet coil, said meander, in addition, being loaded not only as a bending bar but also as a torsion spring in the event of various relative movements. Both extending the meander of the tolerance compensation element and changing the loading result in considerably reduced mechanical stresses in the connecting element according to the disclosure itself and considerably reduced amounts of force being introduced at the contact point of the insulation displacement contact (IDC) in relation to the coil wire.