Abstract:
The description shows a chip breaker system for a drilling, turning, milling or reaming tool, wherein the chip breaker system comprises: a portion of a flute and a first area which is produced by a progressive cut, wherein a first edge is arranged between the portion and the first area in such a way that chips produced by a cutting movement of the drilling, turning, milling or reaming tool can be broken at the first edge. The application further relates to a high-speed reamer comprising such a chip breaker system, a reamer made of solid carbide, a reamer with axially extending cooling channels which are disposed in a decentralized manner, a reamer with cooling channels which are unevenly distributed in the peripheral direction, and a reamer with cooling channels, wherein the outlet openings of the cooling channels are arranged on different cutting planes.

Description:
AREA OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to a chip breaker system for a drilling, turning, milling or reaming tool, a cooling channel for supplying the cutting edges of a drilling, turning, milling or reaming tool, and a high-speed reamer for remachining a borehole of a work piece. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    Known in prior art are high-speed reamers, which can be used to finish boreholes through reaming, wherein this is intended in particular to improve the surface quality. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    While in use, reamers can generate chips, wherein the chips can swirl around, and thereby cause damage to the surface of the work piece to be machined, for example. In particular long chips can here pose a risk of damage. For this reason, an effort is essentially always made to ensure that only small chips can come about during the machining process, if at all possible. 
         [0004]    Therefore, one object is to provide a reamer, in particular a high-speed reamer, which is characterized by the generation of the smallest possible chips while in use. 
         [0005]    A first embodiment of the invention provides a chip breaker system for a drilling, turning, milling or reaming tool, wherein the chip breaker system encompasses: a portion of a flute and a first area generated by a progressive cut, wherein a first edge is arranged between the portion and the first area in such a way that chips generated by a cutting movement of the drilling, turning, milling or reaming tool can be broken at the first edge. 
         [0006]    Generating an edge between an area formed by a progressive cut and a flute makes it possible to produce a chip breaker, wherein the edge can assume the function of a “chip breaker”. 
         [0007]    A second embodiment of the invention provides a cooling channel for supplying a flute of a drilling, turning, milling or reaming tool, wherein the cooling channel is essentially arranged along the longitudinal axis of the drilling, turning, milling or reaming tool, wherein the cooling channel is decentralized in design. 
         [0008]    A third embodiment of the invention provides a cooling channel system for supplying the cutting edges of a drilling, turning, milling or reaming tool, wherein the cooling channel system encompasses at least two cooling channels, wherein a respective two cooling channels generate angles with the midpoint, wherein the angles measure 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, 80°, 90° or any angular value desired. 
         [0009]    The arrangement of cooling channels unevenly or unsymmetrically distributed in a circle makes it possible to address an uneven or unsymmetrical arrangement of primary cutting edges and accompanying flutes, while still ensuring that the cooling channels can empty directly into respective flutes (without arranging additional channel sections). 
         [0010]    A fourth embodiment of the invention provides a high-speed reamer for finishing a borehole of a work piece, wherein the high-speed reamer encompasses: A cooling channel according to one of claim  5  or  6  and/or a cooling channel system according to one of claim  7  or  8 . 
         [0011]    A fifth embodiment of the invention provides a high-speed reamer for finishing a work piece, wherein the high-speed reamer consists of solid carbide. 
         [0012]    A tool made out of solid carbide exhibits a longer service life, since carbide is a very hard, and hence resistant, material. The high-speed reamer according to the invention advantageously exhibits not just partial elements, e.g., cutting edges, consisting of carbide, but rather is made out of carbide overall, so that a high-speed reamer according to the invention can be manufactured more easily on the one hand, and a solid carbide high-speed reamer exhibits a longer service life on the other. 
         [0013]    Exemplary embodiments will be described in the dependent claims. 
         [0014]    Provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention is a chip breaker system wherein the chip breaker system encompasses a second area, wherein the second area can be generated by the or an additional progressive cut, wherein a second edge is arranged between the second area and the flute in such a way that chips generated by a cutting movement of the drilling, turning, milling or reaming tool can be broken at the second edge. 
         [0015]    A progressive cut can yield several, e.g., two, areas that can exhibit edges bordering a flute. These edges can outwardly protrude to such an extent that arising chips can break at the edges. 
         [0016]    Another embodiment of the invention according to the invention provides a chip breaker system, wherein the first area is arranged roughly perpendicular to the second area. 
         [0017]    Provided according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention is a chip breaker system, wherein the first edge is arranged so as to run roughly axially, and/or wherein the second edge is arranged so as to run roughly radially. 
         [0018]    Another embodiment according to the invention provides a cooling channel, wherein the cooling channel is arranged in such a way that the cooling channel empties into the flute after the flute has been fabricated. 
         [0019]    Known in prior art, for example, are reamers that exhibit a cooling channel, wherein the cooling channel is arranged so as to run axially, and wherein the cooling channel has a centralized design, i.e., the longitudinal axis of the cooling channel coincides with the longitudinal axis of the reamer. Therefore, in order to supply flutes with coolant and/or lubricant, a connection must be established between the corresponding flute and centralized cooling channel. This connection is usually established through electro-erosion machining. However, electro-erosion machining causes the material properties to change in the region adjacent to the connecting portion, specifically weakening in particular this adjacent region in terms of its mechanical stability. Further, the quasi-two-part structural design of the cooling channel requires that the coolant and/or lubricant be diverted, since a straight flow is no longer possible. A division, here by approx. 90°, leads to a segregation of the air/oil mixture while lubricating the cutting edges of the cutting tool via minimum quantity lubrication, which is why minimum quantity lubrication is not possible given a reamer from prior art as described here. 
         [0020]    By contrast, a cooling channel according to the invention traces a straight line toward the flute to be supplied, and requires no other boreholes or openings to supply the cutting edges, making it possible to avoid additional working steps or a weakened mechanical stability of the reamer resulting from the additional working steps. 
         [0021]    Another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a cooling channel system, wherein the angular values on the drilling, turning, milling or reaming tool alternate. 
         [0022]    According to the invention, the cooling channels can be arranged as desired, even unsymmetrically, in a circle, whose midpoint coincides with the longitudinal axis of the drilling, turning, milling or reaming tool, which allows differing angular values to arise between the individual cooling channels. An alternative arrangement might involve alternating angular values, for example the angular values between the cooling channels could measure 50°, 60°, 70°, 50°, 60°, 60° or exhibit any other angular value sequences desired, which can alternate or be completely unsymmetrical. 
         [0023]    Another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a high-speed reamer, wherein the high-speed reamer encompasses a main cutting edge and flute, wherein the high-speed reamer encompasses a chip breaker system according to one of claims  1  to  4 . 
         [0024]    Another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a high-speed reamer, wherein the high-speed reamer is high-toothed and/or wherein the high-speed reamer exhibits cooling channels with outlet openings, wherein the outlet openings are situated on a sectional plane or on various sectional planes, wherein the sectional planes can be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the high-speed reamer and/or wherein at least one cooling channel is aligned radially or inclined in a radial direction. 
         [0025]    One idea of the present invention can be regarded as generating a chip breaker via a progressive cut, wherein the progressive cut can yield an area potentially leading to an edge as the result of a chip produced by a cutting movement. This edge can here (in terms of its shape and elevation) be designed as a chip breaker, and takes the form of a boundary between the area and flute. According to the invention, the edge should further be as extensive as possible, i.e., project far out of the area or flute, so as to be able to perform the function of a chip breaker. 
         [0026]    Of course, the individual features can also be combined with each other, which may in part also result in advantageous effects going beyond the sum of individual effects. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0027]    Additional details and advantages to the invention are made evident based on the exemplary embodiments depicted in the drawings. Shown on: 
           [0028]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a high-speed reamer; 
           [0029]      FIG. 2  is a perspective view of another high-speed reamer; 
           [0030]      FIG. 3  is a schematic view of another high-speed reamer; 
           [0031]      FIG. 4  is a schematic view of another high-speed reamer; 
           [0032]      FIG. 5  is a schematic view of another high-speed reamer; 
           [0033]      FIG. 6  is a perspective view of another high-speed reamer; 
           [0034]      FIG. 7  is a front view of another high-speed reamer; 
           [0035]      FIG. 8  is a perspective view of another high-speed reamer; 
           [0036]      FIG. 9  is a rear view of another high-speed reamer; 
           [0037]      FIG. 10  is a perspective view of another high-speed reamer; 
           [0038]      FIG. 11  is a perspective view of another high-speed reamer; 
           [0039]      FIG. 12  is another high-speed reamer according to the invention; 
           [0040]      FIG. 13  is another high-speed reamer according to the invention; 
           [0041]      FIG. 14  is another high-speed reamer according to the invention; 
           [0042]      FIG. 15  is another high-speed reamer according to the invention; 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS 
       [0043]      FIG. 1  shows a high-speed reamer according to the invention with a portion  103  of the shank for clamping and a remaining shank, which can be referred to as the neck  102 . The high-speed reamer exhibits straight flutes  105 , into which coolant channels  101 ,  104  for conveying coolant and/or lubricant can empty. Progressive cuts can be performed on the high-speed reamers, which can lead to one or more areas  107  on the high-speed reamer. According to the invention, the progressive cuts are made in such a way that an edge  106 ,  108  can be formed between an area  107  and the flute  105 . The edge  106 ,  108  can exhibit a roughly axially running portion  108  and a roughly radially running portion  106 . The edge  106 ,  108  acts as a disruptive edge for chips, wherein the chips can be broken owing to the edge  106 ,  108 . Depending on application, e.g., machining tool steels, brass or aluminum, the edge  106 ,  108  can here be made more or less extensive in design, so as to be able to break arising chips. 
         [0044]    High-speed reamers according to prior art exhibit a central cooling channel, wherein this cooling channel can be “tapped” with radially running channel portions, so that the flutes can be supplied with coolant and/or lubricant. The radially running channel portions are here fabricated in particular via electro-erosion machining, wherein the material properties of the edge regions around these channel portions can change. In particular, the change in material properties can result in a weakening of the affected regions, making these regions more prone to fractures. In addition, these cooling channels of prior art with at least two channel portions require that the coolant and/or lubricant stream be diverted, since the coolant and/or lubricant streaming toward the flute must first flow along an axially running channel portion, followed by a radially running channel portion. During minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), this diversion of the coolant and/or lubricant stream can cause a separation of the air/oil mixture, so that an effective lubrication can no longer be ensured. By contrast, the high-speed reamer according to the invention can exhibit a cooling channel  101 ,  104 , which is not situated so as to run centrally. The cooling channel  101 ,  104  is here arranged in such a way that, while manufacturing a flute  105 , e.g., through grinding, an outlet opening in the cooling channel  104  can automatically come about for supplying the flute  105  with coolant and/or lubricant. This eliminates the need for the subsequent arrangement of radially running channel portions, as required in the high-speed reamers of prior art. For this reason, the high-speed reamers according to the invention make it possible to avoid a weakening of material caused by electro-erosion machining. In addition, the cutting edges of the high-speed reamer can be supplied via the cooling channels  101 ,  104  through minimum quantity lubrication, since a separation of the air/oil mixture can be prevented by the straight flow of the coolant and/or lubricant stream. It is alternatively possible to provide a high-speed reamer that can make 2, 3, 4 or a plurality of cooling channels available for each flute, wherein the high-speed reamer can also exhibit flutes that have no cooling channel allocated to them. 
         [0045]      FIG. 2  shows a high-speed reamer with a neck  202  and cooling channels  201 ,  203  for coolant and/or lubricant, which can empty into flutes  204 . For example, the high-speed reamer can exhibit six primary cutting edges  208 . In an alternative embodiment, the high-speed reamer according to the invention can also exhibit 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or however many primary cutting edges desired. One or more areas  206  are generated on the high-speed reamer by one or more progressive cuts. The area  206  can be delineated from the flute  204  by an edge  205 ,  207 . The edge  205 ,  207  can be divided into two portions  205 ,  207 , wherein a roughly axially running portion  207  can pass over into a roughly radially running portion  205 . The area  206  comprises part of a chip breaker system, wherein chips produced by a primary cutting edge  208  can be routed through the area  206  and guided to the edge  205 ,  207 , at which the chips can finally be broken up. 
         [0046]    According to the invention, the high-speed reamer exhibits axially running, decentralized cooling channels, wherein the cooling channel can allow the coolant and/or lubricant to flow to the flute along a straight line. As a result, the air/oil mixture obtained from minimum quantity lubrication can be prevented from separating. In addition, subsequent electro-erosion machining for manufacturing connecting channels between a centrally arranged cooling channel and the flutes can be avoided in the high-speed reamers according to the invention. 
         [0047]      FIG. 3  shows a high-speed reamer with a shank portion  302  for clamping purposes and a neck  303 . The high-speed reamer further exhibits cooling channels with inlet openings  301  and outlet openings  304 . The outlet openings  304  guide the coolant and/or lubricant to flutes  306 . At least one progressive cut was performed at the high-speed reamer, which can yield at least one area  305  designed in such a way according to the invention that the area  305  can be used as part of a chip breaker system. 
         [0048]      FIG. 4  shows the high-speed reamer on  FIG. 3  with the flute  404  and area  402  generated by a progressive cut. The flute  404  and area  402  are separated from each other by the edge  401 ,  403 , wherein, according to the invention, the edge  401 ,  403  represents a part of the chip breaker system, and can ensure that at most only small chips can arise with a high-speed reamer in operation. 
         [0049]      FIG. 5  shows a high-speed reamer with shank portions  501 ,  502 , outlet openings  503  of cooling channels and flutes  504 . 
         [0050]      FIG. 6  shows a high-speed reamer according to the invention with a primary cutting edge  601 , wherein at least one progressive cut can produce areas  602 ,  605 , which in conjunction with a flute  604  can yield edges  603 ,  606 . The chips generated by the primary cutting edge  601  can be broken by the edges  603 ,  606 , so that predominantly only small chips can come about. 
         [0051]      FIG. 7  shows a front view of a high-speed reamer, wherein the reamer can exhibit six primary cutting edges  702 , which can be adjoined by respective open spaces  701 . The flute  705  borders an area  703  generated by at least one progressive cut, wherein the boundary between the flute  705  and area  703  can yield an edge  704 , which can take the form of a disruptive edge. Chips produced by the primary cutting edge  702  can also be conveyed through the area  703 , specifically in such a way that the chips can be guided on the edge  704 . The edge  704  can be designed in such a way that, i.e., be elevated to a height where, the chips can be bent or broken by the edge  704 , for example. Therefore, the combination of area  703 , edge  704  and flute  705  can be configured as a chip breaker system or chip breaker. 
         [0052]      FIG. 8  shows a high-speed reamer with primary cutting edges  803 , which exhibit flutes  802 , and surfaces  801  that can be generated by a progressive cut. In addition, an edge  804  can be formed between the area  801  and flute  802 . 
         [0053]      FIG. 9  shows a rear view of a high-speed reamer, wherein six cooling channels  901  are depicted, which can be designed to run axially, but are not centrally arranged according to the invention. The cooling channels  901  can here be situated in such a way as to provide a cooling channel  901  for each flute that empties into the flute, wherein a straight flow of the coolant and/or lubricant is ensured, thereby making it possible to prevent the separation of an air/oil mixture during minimum quantity lubrication. 
         [0054]      FIG. 9  presents an exemplary embodiment of a high-speed reamer, wherein a respective two cooling channels  901  can generate an angle with the midpoint  903 . The angles α 1 , α 2 , α 3 , α 4 , α 5 , α 6  can here be generated, wherein angles α 1  and α 4  can have a value of approx. 70°, angles α 2  and α 5  a value of approx. 50°, and angles α 3  and α 6  a value of approx. 60°. In an alternative embodiment, an equal division with identical angular values can also be performed. Further alternative embodiments can provide any desired number of cooling channels corresponding to the number of flutes, which can be situated to reflect a uniform division or any type of division desired. For example, angles of 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70° or 80° can here be established between the individual cooling channels, wherein angles with identical or different angular values can be formed between the individual cooling channels. 
         [0055]      FIG. 10  shows a high-speed reamer with a primary cutting edge  1001 , wherein a progressive cut is able to produce areas  1002 ,  1006  that can lead to edges  1003 ,  1005  between the areas  1002 ,  1006  and flute. The areas  1002 ,  1006  can guide chips produced by the primary cutting edge  1001  to the edges  1003 ,  1005 , where the latter can be broken by the edges  1003 ,  1005 . 
         [0056]      FIG. 11  shows another high-speed reamer according to the invention in an exemplary embodiment with twelve cutting edges  1101 . The high-speed reamer can be designed as a multi-toothed, in particular high-toothed, cutting tool, and here exhibit twelve or more then twelve cutting edges, e.g., 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or more cutting edges. The high-speed reamer can also exhibit less than twelve cutting edges. Outlet openings of cooling channels  1102 ,  1103  can be located in proximity to several or all cutting edges  1101 . The outlet openings  1102 ,  1103  of all or several outlet openings can lie on a sectional plane aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the high-speed reamer. In an alternative embodiment, each outlet opening can lie on a respectively different sectional plane, wherein the sectional planes are arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the high-speed reamer. The cooling channels can be radially aligned. In an alternative embodiment, the cooling channels can exhibit a longitudinal axis that is not aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the high-speed reamer. In this case, the cooling channels are not radially aligned, but rather bent in a radial direction. The outlet openings  1102  in this instance do not exhibit any circular outlet openings as for radially aligned cooling channels; instead, the edges of the outlet openings are elliptical in design. In an alternative embodiment, the high-speed reamer according to the invention can exhibit in part circular outlet openings  1103  of cooling channels and/or in part elliptical outlet openings  1102  of cooling channels. Individual or all outlet openings of cooling channels can lie in a flute  1105  in an alternative embodiment of a high-speed reamer. In another alternative embodiment, individual or all outlet openings can be situated in a respective heel  1104 . The high-speed reamer according to the invention can exhibit one or more decentralized cooling channels, whose outlet openings are produced while grinding out one or more heels  1104 . In this case, at least one cooling channel empties into a heel. In another alternative embodiment of a high-speed reamer, at least one or precisely one cooling channel empties into each heel. As an alternative, the high-speed reamer exhibits several outlet openings of cooling channels, wherein the cooling channels each empty into the heel, i.e., the respective outlet openings are each situated in a respective heel, wherein the outlet openings lie in various sectional planes, wherein the sectional planes are aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the high-speed reamer. Therefore, grinding out a heel can yield an outlet opening of a cooling channel aligned in a decentralized manner, which is why the length or radial depth of the grinding process can cause the outlet opening to be arranged in an axial direction. In another alternative embodiment of a high-speed reamer, individual or all outlet openings of cooling channels can be situated between a respective flute and an adjacent heel. In another alternative embodiment, the high-speed reamer is made completely out of carbide metal. Therefore, this case would involve a solid carbide high-speed reamer. 
         [0057]    According to the invention, the provided chip breaker system with an area that can be produced by a progressive cut and an edge between this area and the flute can also be arranged on normal reamers, wherein the edge can be suitable for breaking arising chips. In addition, the chip breaker system according to the invention can also be used on spiral reamers. 
         [0058]      FIG. 12  shows a high-speed reamer with outlet openings  1201 ,  1204  for decentralized coolant channels, wherein the outlet openings  1201 ,  1204  can be produced through grinding or while fabricating the flutes. According to the invention, flutes  1209  can be ground further in the direction of the clamping shank  1203 , or flutes  1205  can be ground not as far in the direction of the clamping shank  1203 . Obtained in the first case are outlet openings  1201  located further away from the primary cutting edge, so that coolant and/or lubricant can be oriented toward the cutting edges/tool cutters/primary cutting edges in a more widely distributed or more broadly fanned out manner. Not grinding the flutes  1205  as far in the direction of the clamping shank  1203  makes it possible to produce outlet openings  1204  that are situated closer to the tool cutting edges, and thus able to more specifically and precisely direct coolant and/or lubricant toward the tool cutting edges. 
         [0059]      FIG. 13  shows a high-speed reamer with a flute  1309 , which is ground far in the direction of the neck  1302  of the tool, which can yield an outlet opening  1301  located far away from the tool cutting edges/primary cutting edges  1308 . This can result in a coolant and/or lubricant stream on the tool cutting edges  1308  that is more widely distributed. The invention can provide tools whose flutes are ground into the shank to varying degrees. Alternative embodiments provide tools whose flutes are ground in the direction of the tool shank to roughly the same distance. 
         [0060]      FIG. 14  shows a high-speed reamer with tool cutting edges  1401 ,  1408 , wherein flutes  1406 ,  1407  have been ground into the tool to varying degrees, which can yield outlet openings  1403 ,  1405  located at different distances from the tool cutting edges  1401 ,  1408 . The outlet openings  1403 ,  1405  can be arranged in varying cross sectional planes  1402 ,  1404 . The cross sectional planes  1402 ,  1404  can be aligned perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the tool. If the outlet openings  1403  are situated closer to the tool cutting edges  1401 , the tool cutting edges  1401  can be supplied more precisely with coolant and/or lubricant. If the outlet openings  1405  are located farther away from the tool cutting edges  1408 , the coolant and/or lubricant jet supplied to the tool cutting edges  1408  can be fanned out more broadly. 
         [0061]      FIG. 15  shows a tool with decentralized coolant channels, wherein flutes  1508 ,  1509  are ground into the tool in the direction of the shank in a staggered manner or to varying degrees. This can result in outlet openings  1503 ,  1505  that can be arranged on different cross sectional planes  1502 ,  1504 ,  1506 ,  1507 . 
         [0062]    Let it be noted that the term “encompass” does not preclude other elements or procedural steps, just as the term “a” and “an” do not rule out several elements. 
         [0063]    The used reference numbers serve only to enhance understandability, and must in no way be regarded as limiting, wherein the protective scope of the invention is reflected by the claims. 
       LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 
       [0000]    
       
           101  Cooling channel 
           102  Neck 
           103  Clamping section 
           104  Cooling channel 
           105  Flute 
           106  Edge 
           107  Area 
           108  Edge 
           201  Outlet opening, cooling channel 
           202  Neck 
           203  Outlet opening, cooling channel 
           204  Flute 
           205  Edge 
           206  Area 
           207  Edge 
           208  Primary cutting edge 
           301  Inlet opening, cooling channel 
           302  Clamping portion 
           303  Neck 
           304  Outlet opening, cooling channel 
           305  Area 
           306  Flute 
           401  Edge 
           402  Area 
           403  Edge 
           404  Flute 
           501  Clamping portion 
           502  Neck 
           503  Outlet opening, cooling channel 
           504  Flute 
           601  Primary cutting edge 
           602  Area 
           603  Edge 
           604  Flute 
           605  Area 
           606  Edge 
           701  Open space 
           702  Primary cutting edge 
           703  Area 
           704  Edge 
           705  Flute 
           801  Area 
           802  Flute 
           803  Primary cutting edge 
           804  Edge 
           805  Edge 
           806  Area 
           901  Cooling channel 
           902  Circle 
           903  Midpoint 
           1001  Primary cutting edge 
           1002  Area 
           1003  Edge 
           1004  Flute 
           1005  Edge 
           1006  Area 
           1101  Cutting edge 
           1102  Outlet opening, cooling channel 
           1103  Outlet opening, cooling channel 
           1104  Heel 
           1105  Flute 
           1201  Outlet opening, cooling channel 
           1202  Neck 
           1203  Clamping portion 
           1204  Outlet opening, cooling channel 
           1205  Flute 
           1206  Edge 
           1207  Area 
           1208  Edge 
           1209  Flute 
           1301  Outlet opening, cooling channel 
           1302  Neck 
           1303  Outlet opening, cooling channel 
           1304  Flute 
           1305  Edge 
           1306  Area 
           1307  Edge 
           1308  Primary cutting edge 
           1309  Flute 
           1401  Tool cutting edge 
           1402  Cross sectional plane 
           1403  Outlet opening, coolant channel 
           1404  Cross sectional plane 
           1405  Outlet opening, coolant channel 
           1406  Flute 
           1407  Flute 
           1408  Tool cutting edge 
           1409  Tool cutting edge 
           1502  Cross sectional plane 
           1503  Outlet opening, coolant channel 
           1504  Cross sectional plane 
           1505  Outlet opening, coolant channel 
           1506  Cross sectional plane 
           1507  Cross sectional plane 
           1508  Flute 
           1509  Flute