Abstract:
An electronic translator comprises a specifying device for specifying letters to be input. An input device cooperates with the specifying device to input the specified letters into the electronic translator. The translator also includes a memory for memorizing a plurality of words containing the input letters, an access circuit for addressing the memory to retrieve such words and a display responsive to the access circuit for displaying the retrieved words and translated equivalent words. The specifying device is operated with only a few keys to enable input of any letter of the alphabet.

Description:
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 414,921, filed on Sept. 3, 1982, now abandoned. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention generally relates to a word information storage and retrieval device, and more particularly to an electronic translator for providing efficient and rapid retrieval of any desired words or sentences stored therein. 
     Recently, electronic devices called electronic translators have become available on the market. The electronic translators require efficient and rapid retrieval of word information stored in a memory. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved electronic translator for enabling rapid input of word information into the translator. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide an improved electronic translator for inputting word information to be retrieved from a memory with few operations of input key means. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved electronic translator for retrieving word information from a memory with a letter-inputting key switch and a search key. 
     Briefly described, in accordance with the present invention, an electronic translator comprises a specifying device for specifying letters, an input device for controlling input of the specified letters into the electronic translator, a memory for memorizing a plurality of words containing the letters, an access circuit for addressing the memory to retrieve such words, and a display responsive to the access circuit for displaying the retrieved words and translated words. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The present invention will be more fully understood from the detailed description of selected embodiments given hereinbelow and accompanying drawings which are given by way of illustration only, and thus are not limitative of the present invention and wherein: 
     FIG. 1 shows a plan view of an electronic translator according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 shows a table representing the relation between key switches actuated and displays, in a specific form of the present invention; 
     FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a circuit implemented within the translator of FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 4 shows exemplary contents of a memory connected in the circuit of FIG. 3; 
     FIGS. 5 and 6 show flow charts of the operations of a microprocessor provided in the circuit of FIG. 3 to enable the operation shown in FIG. 2; 
     FIG. 7 shows a table representing the relation between key switches actuated and displays, in another specific form of the present invention; and 
     FIGS. 8 and 9 show flow charts of the operations of the microprocessor provided in the circuit of FIG. 3 to enable the operation shown in FIG. 7. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     First of all, any kind of language can be translated by an electronic translator according to the present invention. Words are input in a specific language to obtain equivalent words, or translated words in a different language corresponding thereto. The kind of language can be freely selected. According to an example of the present invention, it is assumed that the input language is English and the translated language is Japanese. The electronic translator can operate as a conventional electronic calculator. 
     FIG. 1 shows the electronic translator according to the present invention. The translator comprises a power on/clear key 1, a power off key 2, a backward search key 3, a forward search key 4, a letter inputting key 5, a translation key 6, a display 7, A-Z indices 8, a dot display 9, a first-inputted letter display 10 and a cursor 11. The A-Z indices 8 are printed above the display 7. The dot display 9 is displayed to indicate a presently selected letter from A-Z by specifying one from the A-Z indices 8. 
     Other key switches are actuated to enable the conventional electronic calculator. 
     FIG. 2 shows a table representing the relation between key switches actuated and displays, in which an English word &#34;BOAT&#34; is inputted to develop its translated Japanese word. 
     FIG. 2-(1): 
     The forward search key 4 is actuated to place the dot display 9 under &#34;A&#34; of the A-Z indices 8, indicating that the presently selected letter is &#34;A&#34;. At the same time, &#34;A&#34; is displayed at the first digit position of the display 7. 
     FIG. 2-(2): 
     The forward search key 4 is further actuated to place the dot display 9 under &#34;B&#34; of the A-Z indices 8 and to display &#34;B&#34; as the first digit of the display 7. 
     FIG. 2-(3): 
     Under the circumstances, the letter inputting key 5 is actuated to input &#34;B&#34;, so that the cursor 11 is positioned at the second digit of the display 7. 
     FIG. 2-(4): 
     The backward search key 3 is actuated to back up the dot display 9 in &#34;A&#34; of the A-Z indices 8 and to display &#34;A&#34; as the second digit of the display 7. 
     FIG. 2-(5): 
     The backward search key 3 is further actuated to shift the dot display 9 under &#34;Z&#34; of the A-Z indices 8 and to display &#34;Z&#34; in the second digit. 
     FIG. 2-(6): 
     The above operations are repeated until the dot display 9 is displayed under &#34;O&#34; of the A-Z indices 8 and &#34;O&#34; is displayed in the second digit of the display 7. 
     FIG. 2-(7): 
     The letter inputting key 5 is actuated to input &#34;O&#34;, so that words starting with &#34;BO&#34; are retrieved from a memory to output a leading word of a group of words starting with &#34;BO&#34;. &#34;BOARD&#34; is the leading word in this case. 
     FIG. 2-(8): 
     The forward search key 4 is actuated to retrieve and display a word, &#34;BOAT&#34;, subsequent to &#34;BOARD&#34; in an alphabetical order. 
     FIG. 2-(9): 
     The translation key 6 is actuated to translate the word &#34;BOAT&#34; into Japanese and display the Japanese word or words. 
     FIG. 3 shows a circuit implemented within the translator of FIG. 1. The circuit comprises a microprocessor 12, a keyboard 13, a memory 14 for storing a great number of words, a driver 15, and the display 7. 
     The microprocessor 12 develops key strobe signals KS toward the keyboard 13 and receives key inputted signals KI therefrom to determine whether any key switch is operated. The microprocessor 12 selects an address of the memory 14 to read-in the contents of the memory 14. The driver 15 enables character patterns to be displayed in the display 7 in response to the introduction of display pattern information developed from the microprocessor 12. An address bus 16 and a data bus 17 are provided. 
     FIG. 4 shows part of the contents of the memory 14. A great number of pairs of English words and their translated Japanese words are stored in the alphabetical order of the English words. 
     FIG. 5 shows a flow chart showing the operational steps of the microprocessor 12. 
     The microprocessor 12 comprises flags F 1 , F 2  and F 3  and buffers SC and B. 
     The flag F 1  indicates that the forward search key 4 () or the backward search key 3 () has been operated. The flag F 2  indicates that the letter inputting key 5 has been once operated. The flag F 3  indicates that the second letter is inputted and the first letter has been already retrieved. The buffer SC stores a serial number of a letter. 
     The 26 letters are related to their serial numbers as follows: 
     
         ______________________________________         A:1         B:2         C:3          .          .          .         X:24         Y:25         Z:26______________________________________ 
    
     In the flowchart of FIG. 5, [SC] indicates a letter defined by the serial number stored in the buffer SC. 
     The operation of the microprocessor 12 is described with reference to the case where the word &#34;BOAT&#34; is translated to display its translated word. 
     Upon the power on, the flags F 1 , F 2  and F 3  are reset. When the forward search key 4 is actuated, &#34;1&#34; is entered into the buffer SC and the flag F 1  is set. Upon the introduction of &#34;1&#34; into the buffer SC, the display of FIG. 2-(1) is enabled. 
     When the forward search key 4 is operated, the buffer SC is counted up because of the set condition of the flag F 1 . Therefore, the display of FIG. 2-(2) is enabled. 
     When the letter inputting key 5 is operated, the flag F 2  is set to thereby enter letter &#34;B&#34;, corresponding to the contents of the buffer SC, into the buffer B, as indicated in the display of FIG. 2-(B). 
     When the backward search key 3 is operated, the buffer SC is counted down so that the contents of the buffer SC become &#34;1&#34;. The display of FIG. 2-(4) is enabled. 
     When the backward search key 3 is further operated, the buffer SC is counted down so that the contents of the buffer SC become &#34;0&#34;. Therefore, &#34;26&#34; is inputted into the buffer SC. The display of FIG. 2-(5) is indicated. 
     Each time the backward search key 3 is operated, the buffer SC is counted down. When the contents of the buffer SC become &#34;15&#34;, the display of FIG. 2-(6) is provided. 
     When the letter inputting key 5 is operated, alphabet &#34;0&#34; corresponding to the contents of the buffer SC is entered into the buffer B. A leading word of the group of words starting with input letters &#34;BO&#34; is retrieved to read out the word &#34;BOARD&#34;. The flag F 3  is set. The display of FIG. 2-(7) is provided. 
     When the forward search key 7 is operated, the next word &#34;BOAT&#34; is outputted because of the set condition of the flag F 3 . The display of FIG. 2-(8) is enabled. 
     Since the desired word &#34;BOAT&#34; is developed, the translation key 6 is operated to read out its translated word which is stored corresponding with the English word. After the flags F 1 , F 2  and F 3  are reset, the display of FIG. 2-(9) is provided. 
     It may be possible that the backward search key 3 can be operated to retrieve any word preceding the presently retrieved word. 
     Thus, the forward/backward key is operated to retrieve any word belonging to a selected group of words. 
     The above retrieval operation may be enabled within the knowledge of the ordinary skilled person as shown in Kehoe et al, U.S. Pat. No. 4,159,536, issued June 26, 1979, entitled &#34;Portable Electronic Language Translation Device&#34;. Kehoe et al patent is incorporated herein by reference. 
     FIG. 6 shows a flow chart showing the operational steps of the microprocessor 12. 
     This flow chart is characterized as follows: 
     It is detected whether the actuation of the forward search key 4 or the backward search key 3 is continued for at least a predetermined time interval. The dot display 9 is continuously forwarded or backed up one letter at a time after each such predetermined interval so long as the search key 4 or 3 is operated. 
     For this purpose, the microprocessor 12 comprises a flag F 4  for indicating that the search key 4 or 3 is to be continuously operated for the predetermined time, and a counter C for counting the predetermined time. In the flow chart of FIG. 6, Cm indicates the predetermined time. 
     Attention is directed to another preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 7 to 9. 
     FIG. 7 shows a table representing the relation between key switches actuated and displays. The table of FIG. 7 is identical with that of FIG. 2 except that, in the step of FIG. 7-(8), the letter inputting key 5 is actuated to retrieve and display the word &#34;BOAT&#34; after the leading word &#34;BOARD&#34;. 
     FIG. 8 shows a flow chart showing the operational steps of the microprocessor 12 to enable the operation shown in FIG. 7. Also in this example, the microprocessor 12 comprises those elements as required for enabling the steps of FIG. 5. 
     The operation of the microprocessor 12 as shown in FIG. 8 is characterized in that the letter inputting key 5 is operated to read out the word &#34;BOAT&#34; after the leading word &#34;BOARD&#34; because of the set condition of the flag F 3 . Thus, display of FIG. 7-(8) is provided. 
     FIG. 9 shows a flow chart of the microprocessor 12 having the same purpose as that of the flow chart of FIG. 6. In FIG. 9, the letter inputting key 5 is also operated to read out the word &#34;BOAT&#34; after the leading word &#34;BOARD&#34;. 
     It may be possible in FIG. 7 that the letter inputting key 5 can be operated to read out a word preceding another word. 
     Thus, the letter inputting key 5 is operated to retrieve any word belonging to a selected group of words. 
     The invention being thus described, it will be obvious that the same may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.