Abstract:
Method for the transmission of data between at least two communication devices ( 1, 3 ), connected to each other by means of a data network ( 2 ), whereby information data for a security device ( 11 ), connected to the second communication device ( 3 ), for protection against an unauthorised access to the communication device ( 3 ), is transmitted by means of the security device ( 11 ) and audio and video data is transmitted directly by by-passing the security device ( 11 ).

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
       [0001]    This application is the US National Stage of International Application No. PCT/DE02/03356, filed Sep. 10, 2002 and claims the benefit thereof. The International Application claims the benefits of German application No. 10147146.7 DE filed Sep. 25, 2001, both of the applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety 
     
    
     
       FIELD OF INVENTION  
         [0002]    100021 The invention relates to a method for packet-oriented transmission of data between at least two communication devices, in accordance with the preamble of Patent claim  1 , and to a proxy.  
         BACKGROUND OF INVENTION  
         [0003]    Communication links for voice transmission have previously been predominantly circuit oriented. For this purpose a physical connection is provided for signal transmission between two communication end points and is reserved for the entire duration of the connection. This is also referred to as circuit-oriented transmission, static routing or through switching.  
           [0004]    With the advent of packet-oriented data networks (packet switching) such as the Internet for example, reduced-cost communication compared to circuit switching is being provided in the fixed network area. The particular reason for this is the efficient capacity utilization of a connection, since, by contrast with circuit switching, packet switching does not occupy the physical transmission medium for the entire duration of the connection. The data to be transported is subdivided into individual data packets, with each data packet being given an address code identifying it to the recipient of the transmission. The individual data packets are them transmitted independently of each other—they can even use different transmission paths. The principle of packet switching is defimed in various standards, the best known standard is described in ITU-T Recommendation X.25.  
           [0005]    VoFR (Voice over Frame Relay) or VoIP (Voice over IP) are known for example as packet-oriented methods of transmission for voice. In these methods the data is digitized, undergoes source coding and preferably channel coding and is divided into data packets which are then transferred over the Internet. The data to be transmitted can be composed of the voice and/or video data and of information data and serve for example for transmission of video conferences over the Internet.  
           [0006]    To allow transmission of voice and/or video data and information data within the framework of a multimedia conference over the Internet international standards have been created. These standards include the H.323 standard or the SIP standard which use protocols known from the Internet, such as UDP (User Data Protocol) and RTP (Real-Time Protocol).  
           [0007]    Increasingly security facilities to protect against unauthorized access to communication devices are provided. These are devices which prevent or render more difficult unauthorized access to data and/or prevent computer viruses being received by filtering out data containing computer viruses. These security devices are also frequently known as firewalls. A firewall in such cases is set up at a point in the data network at which a protected internal network, for example an Intranet, connects to the Internet. All data arriving from the Internet or going out from the internal network pass through the firewall. This gives the firewall the opportunity of ensuring that this data traffic is reliable, i.e. that it accords with the security policy of the relevant site. A firewall thus corresponds to a checkpoint through which the entire incoming and outgoing data traffic must pass. The bundling of the security measures from this one checkpoint is significantly more efficient than spreading the security-Orelevant decisions and technologies across the organization and covering all weakpoints section by section.  
           [0008]    The IP addresses needed for transmission of data will only be assigned dynamically by the relevant Internet Service Providers (ISP), which means that, before a connection is established over the Internet the IP address must first be exchanged. A firewall arranged between the data networks is however as a rule designed for the detection of static IP addresses.  
           [0009]    For each connection the port numbers of the firewall must be newly defined, which can only apply for the duration of an individual connection. These dynamically determined port numbers give rise to problems in processing of data by the firewall device which as a rule is set up to detect statically defined port numbers. For reasons of security, operators and administrators of current firewall systems may not as a rule make any changes to the configuration to let such data pass through the firewall, since otherwise the risk of unauthorized access to the communication devices increases. This is why for example a multimedia conference using a VoIP connection with an intermediate firewall proves to be extremely problematical.  
           [0010]    Conventionally existing firewalls are expanded by additional devices which recognize multimedia data and direct it through the firewall. However this requires an existing firewall system to be replaced by new one which has to be configured completely again and can also have new security gaps.  
         SUMMARY OF INVENTION  
         [0011]    The object of the invention is thus to develop a method of the generic type in such a way that data at a security device located in the data network will be transmitted through this security device while retaining an existing security configuration. A further object of the invention is to provide a proxy for executing the method.  
           [0012]    This object is achieved as regards the method by the features of patent claim  1  and as regards the device by the features of patent claims  10  and  11 .  
           [0013]    One major feature of the invention is that the information data for protecting against unauthorized access to the communication devices is transmitted to the security device and the voice and/or video data is transmitted to bypass the security device. A major advantage of the methods lies in the fact that no changes have to be made to the configuration of the existing firewall system to let us all data pass through the firewall. A further advantage of the method lies in the fact that the voice and/or a video data does not have to be subjected to any security checking, which relieves the firewall of the load of analyzing this data. It proves to be extremely advantageous that although a majority of the data belonging to the multimedia data bypasses the firewall, no allowance has to be made for restrictions for protecting against unauthorized access to the communication device.  
           [0014]    In a preferred embodiment the information data is selected from the voice and/or video data using a selection device located within a first proxy. This means that only information data is then transmitted from the first proxy to the firewall and subjected to security checking there. One of the checks conducted here is whether this data is data which will enable unauthorized access to communication equipment or whether this data might contain computer viruses. The security-checked data is then transmitted to an assembly device located within a second proxy. The voice and/or video data on the other hand is transmitted directly from the first  
           [0015]    proxy to the assembly device. The data is then reassembled into the original multimedia data. To carry out this reassembly the system refers back to data contained in an additional field (header) of the individual data packets. The headers contain general protocol data through which the original order of the data can be generated. After reassembly the data is transmitted to the communication device.  
           [0016]    In a preferred embodiment the data network is set up as a communication system in accordance with the H.323 standard for transmission of VoIP data. The H.323 standard specifies a standard for realtime communication and describes the transport of data over IP-based networks. In a further embodiment the data network is set up as a multimedia communication system in accordance with the SIP standard.  
           [0017]    Preferably the data is distributed in accordance with a real-time protocol (RTP) method over a number of IP packets. Time stamps with the time of origination and also sequence information are incorporated into the headers of these packets. This allows the receiving device to assemble packets not only in the right order but also with the timing synchronized. In addition RTP defines the encoding of audio, video and data in accordance with the number of codecs. This involves coding and decoding procedures are which defined by the ITU for analog and digital encryption of audio, video and data in telephone networks.  
           [0018]    In a preferred embodiment, for safeguarding of the data channels between the proxies and the firewall there is access to authenticated channels in order to close these last “loopholes” for potential hacker attacks. Access to authenticated channels is exclusively reserved to authorized subscribers.  
           [0019]    Alternatively it is also possible to resort to encryption to safeguard the information data.  
           [0020]    To exclude possible “attacks” on the proxies using File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Telnet or Ping for example, the proxies are designed with an IP packet filter functionality. A packet filter at IP level only lets IP data packets past which satisfy specific predefined criteria. These can include the direction, the sender address, the receiver address, the source port, the destination port etc. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS  
       [0021]    Further advantages are produced by the subclaims as well as the descriptions of the preferred exemplary embodiments below which are explained in more detail on the basis of the diagrams. The diagrams show:  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 1 an example of a security system in a form of embodiment of the invention,  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 2 a example of a first proxy, and  
         [0024]    [0024]FIG. 3 an example of a second proxy. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION  
       [0025]    [0025]FIG. 1 shows an example of a security system in a form of embodiment of the invention. In this exemplary embodiment a subscriber would like to set up a connection via a first communication device  1  which is connected to the public data network  2 , for example the Internet, to a second communication device  3  which is connected to a local data network. In the connection multimedia data, consisting of voice and/or video data and associated information data, is transmitted for example. The network infrastructure is based on an Internet protocol, for example in accordance with the H.323 standard or an SIP standard. The local data network  4  is connected via a security system  10  consisting of a security device  11 , especially a firewall, of a first proxy  12  and a second proxy  13  to the public data network  2 . The first proxy  12 , if viewed from the second communication device  3 , is located behind the security device  11  and the second proxy  13  in front of the security device.  
         [0026]    A multimedia data stream directed from the public data network  2  to the second communication device  3  is comprehensively filtered in the first proxy  12  so that information data is selected from voice and/or video data. Subsequently only the information data is sent to the security device  11 .  
         [0027]    The security checking of the information data undertaken within the security device  11  is hardware-based and uses a processor, especially a Digital Signal Processor (DSP). In a further exemplary embodiment the security checking is also undertaken by an algorithm running on a processor. An advantage of this software-based security checking lies in the fact that constantly updated programs, especially virus checking programs, can be stored in a database to which the processor has access. This means that the latest viruses can be detected and filtered out.  
         [0028]    The voice and/or video data are transmitted to the second proxy  13 , bypassing the security device  11 . The security-checked information data is also transmitted by the security device  11  to the second proxy  13  and is then merged with the voice and/or video data, so that the original multimedia data stream is present at the output of the second proxy  13 , and this data stream is then transmitted over the local data network  4  to the second communication device  3 .  
         [0029]    This means that the communication devices  1  and  3  continue to be in a position to establish a mutual VoIP connection without any problems and transparently. So if the first communication device  1  wishes to establish a connection to the second communication device  3 , the first proxy  12  recognize this from the Internet protocol (e.g. H.323 or SIP) that there is a request to establish a connection. The data required for this is routed to the security device  11  via a port explicitly enabled for this purpose beforehand. The second proxy  13  routes the voice and/or video data back with the previous IP data stream into the local data network  4 . In this case the second proxy  13  keeps the communication data stored so that the second proxy  13 , on response to the connection request from the second communication device  3  to the first communication device  1  immediately detects the voice and/or video data and can also direct it via a defined port to the security device  11  from the local data network  4 .  
         [0030]    The procedure would be the same if a connection were to be set up via the second communication device  3  to the first communication device. The second proxy  13  would again recognize this connection set up and the first proxy  12  would take over the corresponding function for a smooth connection set up to the first communication device  1 .  
         [0031]    [0031]FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of the first proxy  12  in a form of embodiment of the invention. The data packets originating from the public data network  2  will be transmitted to a receive device  15  located within the first proxy  12  and transmitted on to a selection device  17 . This device selects the information data contained within the data from the voice and/or video data and transmits the information data to a first send device  16  and the voice and/or video data to a second send device  18 . The first send device  16  transfers the information data to the firewall  11 , the second send device  18  transfers the voice and/or video data, bypassing the firewall  11 , to the second proxy  13 .  
         [0032]    [0032]FIG. 3 shows an example of a second proxy  13  in a form of embodiment of the invention. The security-checked information data received from the firewall  11  are received by a first receive device  19  and the voice and/or video data transmitted from the first proxy  12  are received by a second receive device  20  and transmitted to an assembly device arranged within the second proxy  13 . This device reassembles the voice and/or video data and the information data into the original multimedia data stream. In doing so it uses the additional information contained in the headers of the IP packets to generate the correct order for the packets. The data is subsequently transmitted by a third send device  22  into the local data network  4  and via this device reaches the second communication device  3 .  
         [0033]    The execution of the invention is not restricted to the examples and highlighted aspects mentioned above, but is also possible within the framework of the claims in a plurality of variations which lie within the framework of normal activity.