Abstract:
One or more embodiments of the invention utilize a receiver as a terminal to enable commercial transactions to take place that may or may not be coupled with programming that is being broadcast and to provide customers with the option of having their pay-TV bills charged directly to a credit card. The pay-TV provider could allow the customer to activate their pay-TV systems, with the programming package of their choice, without having to call the pay-TV customer service. Utilizing the fact that receivers may have built in modems that are connected to phone lines, connections can be made through that phone line to initiate, transfer, and purchase services and merchandise. If the receiver can successfully establish a secure connection with the pay-TV service provider, vendor, or credit card provider and the billing information is successfully transferred, then the merchandise can be shipped or the appropriate signals can be sent to the receiver to activate the service that the customer has selected. This would have the potential of significantly reducing the number of customer service calls to the pay-TV service provider. Instead of the pay-TV service provider being responsible for billing, debt collection, etc. this now becomes the responsibility of the credit card company.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    1. Field of the Invention.  
           [0002]    The present invention relates generally to providing e-commerce and satellite subscription activation using a pay-TV receiver.  
           [0003]    2. Description of the Related Art.  
           [0004]    Television programs are distributed to viewers by a variety of broadcasting methods. These methods include traditional analog broadcast television Rational Television Systems Committee or “NTSC” standard), the digital broadcast television (Advanced Television Systems Committee or “ATSC” standard), cable television (both analog and digital), satellite broadcasting (both analog and digital), as well as other methods. These methods allow channels of television content to be multiplexed and transmitted over a common transmission medium.  
           [0005]    To view a television program, a customer may have to subscribe to a service package offered by a pay-TV service/transmission provider such as a satellite transmitter (e.g., DIRECTV) or a cable company. Such a pay-TV service provider may require a user to utilize a set-top box, receiver, or integrated receiver decoder (IRD) that enables the descrambling or decryption of the transmission. The set-top box may be configured to allow the viewing of one or more particular channels, programs, etc. based on a customer&#39;s payment or subscription. Accordingly, when a customer subscribes to a service package, the pay-TV service provider enables the set-top box to allow the customer to view the transmissions in the selected package.  
           [0006]    To initialize a subscription service, the customer must obtain a receiver. Once a receiver is purchased or provided to a customer, the customer must install or connect the receiver to a television, install the satellite dish (if necessary), and activate service with the transmission provider. To install and connect the receiver, the customer must call the pay-TV service provider to schedule a person to install and connect the relevant components. Further, to activate service, the customer must call the pay-TV service provider where a series of questions are answered and the customer selects a subscription package. Thereafter, the pay-TV service provider activates the service by communicating with the receiver and billing the customer monthly. Accordingly, service activation is a time consuming process for the customer and causes the pay-TV service provider to incur numerous expenses for the phone operators and technicians to activate the service.  
           [0007]    Once service has been initiated, the customer must call the pay-TV service provider to alter or change the service. The prior art provides pay-per-view programs or channels wherein a customer may pay for a particular channel or program. A customer may select a particular pay-per-view program or channel using a remote control that communicates with the set-top box. Once the pay-pet-view program has been selected, information regarding the selected pay-pet view program is stored in the receiver until the receiver transmits the information to the pay-TV service provider through a modem attached to the receiver. Thereafter, the pay-TV service provider receives the information and bills the customer m a standard monthly bill. If the customer is delinquent, the pay-TV service provider may never be paid or may have to “float” the money until the customer pays. The pay-TV service provider must employ and utilize personnel to handle such bills and billing matters. Thus, the pay-TV service provider is incurring expenses on behalf of a customer.  
           [0008]    In addition to merely watching a television program, customers may often view a commercial, infomercial, movie, television program, etc. and elect to purchase merchandise or services advertised or used therein. However, to complete such a purchase, a customer must find the appropriate vendor, contact the vendor, and place and pay for the order. An efficient mechanism for making purchases using a remote control and the television is not available.  
           [0009]    What is needed is a method for efficiently and automatically activating a transmission service without the need to call the pay-TV service provider. Additionally, what is needed is an efficient and automatic method for payment by a customer for a subscription. Further, what is also needed is an efficient and automatic method for ordering and paying for merchandise and services utilizing components already available to the customer without the customer having to physically call a vendor.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0010]    A significant amount of the operating costs of a pay-TV service arises from billing infrastructure. One or more embodiments of the invention utilize an Integrated Receiver Decoder (IRD) as a terminal to enable commercial transactions to take place that may or may not be coupled with programming that is being broadcast and to provide customers with the option of having their pay-TV bills charged directly to a credit card.  
           [0011]    In accordance with embodiments of the invention, the pay-TV service provider allows the customer to activate their pay-TV systems, with the programming package of their choice, without having to call the pay-TV customer service. Utilizing the fact that receivers have built in modems that are connected to phone lines, connections can be made through that phone line to initiate, transfer, and purchase services and merchandise.  
           [0012]    Merchandise may be presented to the consumer in several different manners. For example, an item may be presented that relates to a program currently being watched by a consumer, such as the purchase of a particular item that is being featured in a program&#39;s story line. In another example, a customer may purchase a compact disc (CD) or album of an artist being featured on a music channel. A third type of item could be an on-air catalog of merchandise where a viewer can tune to a channel, and view the catalog in real time or at their convenience by downloading the catalog into the memory of the receiver.  
           [0013]    A variety of services may be purchased in accordance with embodiments of the invention. For example, pay-TV billing information may be transferred to a credit card company. Such pay-TV billing information may include regular subscription fees, impulse pay-per-view (IPPV) purchases, and special purchase packages such as NFL Sunday Ticket. In addition, at the time of installation the customer could have the choice of utilizing the invention to activate their system, with the programming package of their choice, without having to call the pay-TV customer service.  
           [0014]    If the receiver can successfully establish a secure connection with the pay-TV service provider, vendor, or credit card provider and the billing information is successfully transferred, then the merchandise can be shipped or the appropriate signals can be sent to the receiver to activate the service that the customer has selected. This would have the potential of significantly reducing the number of customer service calls to the pay-TV service provider.  
           [0015]    Instead of the pay-TV service provider being responsible for billing, debt collection, etc. this now becomes the responsibility of the credit card company. The credit card company would benefit from the added volume of these transactions and any revenues that may be generated from interest payments from these accounts.  
           [0016]    The customer would have the option of paying the entire pay-TV bill or only a portion of the bill. The portion not paid would simply roll over to the next month&#39;s bill.  
           [0017]    The credit card company and the pay-TV service provider would then have some type of information sharing system where a delinquent customer or one that is not performing successful callbacks would have their pay-TV services suspended until the billing or callback issues are resolved. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0018]    Referring now to the drawings in which like reference numbers represent corresponding parts throughout:  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overview of a video distribution system;  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a typical uplink configuration showing how video program material is uplinked to a satellite for transmission to subscribers using a single transponder;  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 3A is a diagram of a representative data stream received from a satellite;  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating the structure of a data packet;  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 4 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a receiver;  
         [0024]    [0024]FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating the execution of purchasing software in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention; and  
         [0025]    [0025]FIG. 6 illustrates a sample purchase screen in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0026]    In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and which is shown, by way of illustration, an embodiment of the present invention. It is understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.  
       Video Distribution System  
       [0027]    [0027]FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an overview of a single satellite video distribution system  100 . The video distribution system  100  comprises a control center  102  in communication with an uplink center  104  via a ground or other link  114  and with a subscriber receiver station  110  via a public switched telephone network (PSTN) or other link  120 . The control center  102  provides program material (e.g. video programs, audio programs and data) to the uplink center  104  and coordinates with the subscriber receiver stations  110  to offer, for example, pay-per-view (PPV) program services, including billing and associated decryption of video programs.  
         [0028]    The uplink center  104  receives program material and program control information from the control center  102 , and using an uplink antenna  106  and transmitter  105 , transmits the program material and program control information to the satellite  108 . The satellite receives and processes this information, and transmits the video programs and control information to the subscriber receiver station  110  via downlink  118  using transmitter  107 . The subscriber receiving station  110  receives this information using the outdoor unit (ODU)  112 , which includes a subscriber antenna and a low noise block converter (LNB).  
         [0029]    In one embodiment, the subscriber receiving station antenna is an 18-inch slightly oval-shaped Ku-band antenna. The slight oval shape is due to the 22.5 degree offset feed of the LNB (low noise block converter) which is used to receive signals reflected from the subscriber antenna. The offset feed positions the LNB out of the way so it does not block any surface area of the antenna minimizing attenuation of the incoming microwave signal.  
         [0030]    The video distribution system  100  can comprise a plurality of satellites  108  in order to provide wider terrestrial coverage, to provide additional channels, or to provide additional bandwidth per channel. In one embodiment of the invention, each satellite comprises  16  transponders to receive and transmit program material and other control data from the uplink center  104  and provide it to the subscriber receiving stations  110 . Using data compression and multiplexing techniques the channel capabilities, two satellites  108  working together can receive and broadcast over 150 conventional (non-HDTV) audio and video channels via 32 transponders.  
         [0031]    While the invention disclosed herein will be described with reference to a satellite based video distribution system  100 , the present invention may also be practiced with terrestrial-based transmission of program information, whether by broadcasting means, cable, or other means. Further, the different functions collectively allocated among the control center  102  and the uplink center  104  as described above can be reallocated as desired without departing from the intended scope of the present invention.  
         [0032]    Although the foregoing has been described with respect to an embodiment in which the information delivered to the subscriber/customer  122  is video (and audio) material such as a movie, the foregoing method can be used to deliver program material comprising purely audio information or other data as well.  
       Uplink Configuration  
       [0033]    [0033]FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a typical uplink configuration for a single satellite  108  transponder, showing how video program material is uplinked to the satellite  108  by the control center  102  and the uplink center  104 . FIG. 2 shows three video channels (which could be augmented respectively with one or more audio channels for high fidelity music, soundtrack information, or a secondary audio program for transmitting foreign languages), and a data channel from a program guide subsystem  206  and computer data information from a computer data source  208 .  
         [0034]    The video channels are provided by a program source of video material  200 A- 200 C (collectively referred to hereinafter as video source(s)  200 ). The data from each video program source  200  is provided to an encoder  202 A- 202 C (collectively referred to hereinafter as encoder(s)  202 ). Each of the encoders accepts a program time stamp (PTS) from the controller  216 . The PTS is a wrap-around binary time stamp that is used to assure that the video information is properly synchronized with the audio information after encoding and decoding. A PTS time stamp is sent with each I-frame of the MPEG encoded data.  
         [0035]    In one embodiment of the present invention, each encoder  202  is a second generation Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG-2) encoder, but other decoders implementing other coding techniques can be used as well. The data channel can be subjected to a similar compression scheme by an encoder (not shown), but such compression is usually either unnecessary, or performed by computer programs in the computer data source (for example, photographic data is typically compressed into *.TIF files or *.JPG files before transmission). After encoding by the encoders  202 , the signals are converted into data packets by a packetizer  204 A- 204 F (collectively referred to hereinafter as packetizer(s)  204 ) associated with each source  200 .  
         [0036]    The data packets are assembled using a reference from the system clock  214  (SCR), and from the conditional access manager  210 , which provides the SCID to the packetizers  204  for use in generating the data packets. These data packets (also referred to as signals) are then multiplexed into serial data and transmitted/broadcast.  
       Broadcast Data Stream Format and Protocol  
       [0037]    [0037]FIG. 3A is a diagram of a representative data stream. The first packet segment  302  comprises information from video channel  1  (data coming from, for example, the first video program source  200 A). The next packet segment  304  comprises computer data information that was obtained, for example from the computer data source  208 . The next packet segment  306  comprises information from video channel  5  (from one of the video program sources  200 ). The next packet segment  308  comprises program guide information such as the information provided by the program guide subsystem  206 . As shown in FIG. 3A, null packets  310  created by the null packet module  212  may be inserted into the data stream as desired.  
         [0038]    The data stream therefore comprises a series of packets from any one of the data sources in an order determined by the controller  216 . The data stream is encrypted by the encryption module  218 , modulated by the modulator  220  (typically using a QPSK modulation scheme), and provided to the transmitter  222 , which broadcasts the modulated data stream on a frequency bandwidth to the satellite via the antenna  106 . The receiver receives these signals, and using the SCID, reassembles the packets to regenerate the program material for each of the channels.  
         [0039]    [0039]FIG. 3B is a diagram of a data packet. Each data packet (e.g.  302 - 316 ) is 147 bytes long, and comprises a number of packet segments. The first packet segment  320  comprises two bytes of information containing the SCID and flags. The SCID is a unique 12-bit number that uniquely identifies the data packet&#39;s data channel. The flags include 4 bits that are used to control whether the packet is encrypted, and what key must be used to decrypt the packet. The second packet segment  322  is made up of a 4-bit packet type indicator and a 4-bit continuity counter. The packet type identifies the packet as one of the four data types (video, audio, data, or null). When combined with the SCID, the packet type determines how the data packet will be used. The continuity counter increments once for each packet type and SCID. The next packet segment  324  comprises 127 bytes of payload data, which is a portion of the video program provided by a video program source. The final packet segment  326  is data required to perform forward error correction.  
       Receiver  
       [0040]    [0040]FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a receiver  400  (also hereinafter alternatively referred to as receiver  400 ). As described herein, receiver  400  may be an integrated receiver/decoder (IRD). Alternatively, the receiver  400  may not be integrated and may comprise a separate or non-integrated receiver and decoder.  
         [0041]    The receiver  400  comprises an input mechanism such as tuner/demodulator  404  (or other mechanism capable of receiving input) communicatively coupled to an ODU  112  having one or more LNBs  402 . The LNB  402  converts the broadcast signals (e.g., the 12.2 to 12.7 GHz downlink  118  signal) from the satellites  108  to a signal (e.g., a 950-1450 MHz signal) utilized by the receiver&#39;s  400  tuner/demodulator  404 . The LNB  402  may provide either a dual or a single output. The single-output LNB  402  may have one or more RF connectors, while the dual output LNB  402  may have two RF output connectors and can be used to feed a second tuner  404 , a second receiver  400  or some other form of distribution system.  
         [0042]    The tuner/demodulator  404  isolates a single, digitally modulated 24 MHz transponder, and converts the modulated data to a digital data stream. The digital data stream is then supplied to a forward error correction (FEC) decoder  406 . This allows the receiver  400  to reassemble the data transmitted by the uplink center  104  (which applied the forward error correction to the desired signal before transmission to the subscriber receiving station  110 ) verifying that the correct data signal was received and correcting errors, if any. The error-corrected data may be fed from the FEC decoder module  406  to the transport module  408  via an 8-bit parallel interface.  
         [0043]    The transport module  408  performs many of the data processing functions performed by the receiver  400 . The transport module  408  processes data received from the FEC decoder module  406  and provides the processed data to the video MPEG decoder  414  and the audio MPEG decoder  416 . In one embodiment of the present invention, the transport module, video MPEG decoder and audio MPEG decoder are all implemented on integrated circuits. The transport module  408  also provides a passage for communications between the microcontroller  410  and the video and audio MPEG decoders  414 ,  416 . The transport module also works with the conditional access module (CAM)  412  to determine whether the subscriber receiving station  110  is permitted to access certain program material. Data from the transport module can also be supplied to external communication module  426 .  
         [0044]    The CAM  412  functions in association with other elements to decode an encrypted signal from the transport module  408 . The CAM  412  may also be used for tracking and billing these services. In one embodiment of the present invention, the CAM  412  is a smart card, having contacts cooperatively interacting with contacts in the receiver  400  to pass information. In order to implement the processing performed in the CAM  412 , the receiver  400 , and specifically the transport module  408  provides a clock signal to the CAM  412 .  
         [0045]    Video data is processed by the MPEG video decoder  414 . Using the video random access memory (RAM)  436 , the MPEG video decoder  414  decodes the compressed video data and sends it to an encoder or video processor  415 , which converts the digital video information received from the video MPEG module  414  into an output signal usable by a display or other output device. By way of example, processor  415  may comprise a National TV Standards Committee (NTSC) or Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) encoder. In one embodiment of the invention both S-Video and ordinary video (NTSC or ATSC) signals are provided. Other outputs may also be utilized.  
         [0046]    Audio data is likewise decoded by the MPEG audio decoder  416 . The decoded audio data may then be sent to a digital to analog (D/A) converter  418 . In one embodiment of the present invention, the D/A converter  418  is a dual D/A converter, one for the right and left channels. If desired, additional channels can be added for use in surround sound processing or secondary audio programs (SAPs). In one embodiment of the invention, the dual D/A converter  418  itself separates the left and right channel information, as well as any additional channel information. Other audio formats such as DOLBY DIGITAL AC-3 may similarly be supported.  
         [0047]    A description of the processes performed in the encoding and decoding of video streams, particularly with respect to MPEG and JPEG encoding/decoding, can be found in Chapter 8 of “Digital Television Fundamentals,” by Michael Robin and Michel Poulin, McGraw-Hill, 1998, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.  
         [0048]    The microcontroller  410  receives and processes command signals from the remote control  424 , a receiver  400  keyboard interface, and/or another input device. The microcontroller receives commands for performing its operations from a processor programming memory, which permanently stores such instructions for performing such commands. The processor programming memory may comprise a read only memory (ROM)  438 , an electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM)  422  or, similar memory device. The microcontroller  410  also controls the other digital devices of the receiver  400  via address and data lines (denoted “A” and “D” respectively, in FIG. 4).  
         [0049]    A communication mechanism (such as modem  440  or other mechanism capable of communicating) connects to the customer&#39;s phone line via the PSTN port  120 . It calls, e.g. the program provider, and transmits the customer&#39;s purchase information for billing purposes, and/or other information. The communication mechanism  440  is controlled by the microprocessor  410 . The communication mechanism  440  can output data to other I/O port types including standard parallel and serial computer I/O ports.  
         [0050]    The present invention also comprises a local storage unit such as the video storage device  432  for storing video and/or audio data obtained from the transport module  408 . Video storage device  432  can be a hard disk drive, a read/writable compact disc of DVD, a solid state RAM, or any other storage medium. In one embodiment of the present invention, the video storage device  432  is a hard disk drive with specialized parallel read/write capability so that data may be read from the video storage device  432  and written to the device  432  at the same time. To accomplish this feat, additional buffer memory accessible by the video storage  432  or its controller may be used. Optionally, a video storage processor  430  can be used to manage the storage and retrieval of the video data from the video storage device  432 . The video storage processor  430  may also comprise memory for buffering data passing into and out of the video storage device  432 . Alternatively or in combination with the foregoing, a plurality of video storage devices  432  can be used. Also alternatively or in combination with the foregoing, the microcontroller  410  can also perform the operations required to store and or retrieve video and other data in the video storage device  432 .  
         [0051]    The video processing module  415  output can be directly supplied as a video output to a presentation device such as a video, computer monitor, liquid crystal display (LCD), television, or other device capable of viewing the video output. In addition the video and/or audio outputs can be supplied to an RF modulator  434  to produce an RF output and/or 8 vestigal side band (VSB) suitable as an input signal to a conventional television tuner. This allows the receiver  400  to operate with televisions without a video input.  
         [0052]    Each of the satellites  108  comprises a transponder, which accepts program information from the uplink center  104 , and relays this information to the subscriber receiving station  110 . Known multiplexing techniques are used so that multiple channels can be provided to the user. These multiplexing techniques include, by way of example, various statistical or other time domain multiplexing techniques and polarization multiplexing. In one embodiment of the invention, a single transponder operating at a single frequency band carries a plurality of channels identified by respective service channel identification (SCID).  
         [0053]    In accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention, the receiver  400  has special software in a memory available and executable by the rnicrocontroller  410 . The special software enables e-commerce transactions and/or the activation of television programming/pay-TV service. The pay-tv service provider (or vendor) may have the option of recording a customer&#39;s  122  credit card information at the time of activation or allowing the customer  122  to input the information directly using the receiver  400 .  
         [0054]    [0054]FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating the execution of such software in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention. Either using the remote control  424 , a receiver  400  keyboard interface, and/or another input device, a customer  122  can initiate a purchase at step  502 . After initiating a purchase, the software is activated at step  504  which activates/displays a purchase screen on a display/presentation device connected to the receiver  400  at step  506 . FIG. 6 illustrates such a sample purchase screen  600 .  
         [0055]    Using the input device (e.g., remote control  424 ) at step  508 , the customer  122  may input the type of credit card to be used in field  602 , a credit card number in field  604 , expiration date, and other information that may be required by a credit card company. Additional input fields  606  on the purchase screen  600  allow the customer  122  to specify merchandise or subscription information. For example, one or more lines may be utilized to input the item number of merchandise to be purchased. Additionally, selection boxes for a service(s) to be purchased may be provided. The price and availability of merchandise and service packages may be modified using download techniques that are employed in current generation receivers  400  as described above. Additionally, buttons  608 - 610  may be provided to confirm or cancel the purchase.  
         [0056]    The inputs illustrated in FIG. 6 may be enabled in such a way that a standard receiver remote  424  control could be employed. For example, all of the characters to be entered would be numeric so that the standard number pad would work. Pressing a “select” button or similar type button would be utilized for all other inputs.  
         [0057]    Once the purchase screen  600  is completed and the purchase button  608  is selected, the receiver  400  internal software performs a number of functions. First, the software checks to make sure that all relevant information has been filled out in screen  600  at step  510 . If not, a message/screen is displayed informing the customer  122  exactly what information is missing and prompts the customer  122  to input the required information at step  512 . After the information is properly filled out a message/screen may be displayed informing the customer  122  to review the information and perform a purchase confirmation.  
         [0058]    If the purchase is confirmed, the receiver  400  sets the number of calls (i.e., the call counter) equal to zero at step  514  and attempts to obtain a dial tone from the connected phone line using communication mechanism  440  at step  516 . A determination is made at step  518  regarding whether or not a dial tone was obtained. If a dial tone cannot be obtained, the call counter is increased by one at step  520 , and the software determines if the system has attempted to obtain a dial tone less than three times at step  522 . If three or more attempts have been made, the receiver  400  displays a message informing the customer  122  that a dial tone cannot be detected and to please try again later (e.g., “Cannot detect dial tone, please try later”) at step  524 . If less than three attempts to obtain a dial tone have been made, an on-screen dialog box informs the customer  122  that there is a problem (e.g., “The dial tone cannot be detected”) and provides/suggests several possible corrective or courses of action at step  526 .  
         [0059]    Once a dial tone has been obtained, a phone number is selected from an internal list of phone numbers stored in a memory of receiver  400  and dialed at step  528 . Alternatively, if a continuous connection is maintained using communication mechanism  440 , the phone number may be obtained across the Internet or other network where the numbers may be stored on a remote server. The phone number may correspond to the credit card company selected in screen  600  from area  602  or to a particular vendor (of merchandise or services). In one or more embodiments, the phone number may correspond to a modem for an Internet Service Provider (ISP) wherein the customer  122  may establish a connection to the Internet and any information transmitted from modem  440  is routed across the Internet for processing.  
         [0060]    In one or more embodiments, the communication mechanism  440  may be a digital subscriber line (DSL) or cable modem that enables a continuous connection to the Internet through a selected ISP. Once the phone number is called or a connection with the Internet is established, embodiments of the invention attempt to establish a secure connection with the computer system of the vendor, credit card company, etc. Thus, if an ISP is dialed, once connected to the ISP, the receiver  400  attempts to establish a secure connection with the credit card company or vendor across the internet. For example, such a secure connection may utilize SSTP (secure socket transfer protocol). In another example, if a vendor is dialed, the receiver  400  may attempt to establish a secure connection with the vendor.  
         [0061]    A determination is made at step  530  regarding whether a secure connection has been established. If a secure connection cannot be established, the receiver  400  notifies the customer  122  (e.g., by displaying an on-screen message such as “Cannot establish secure connection, please try later”) at step  532  and exits the e-commerce screen and returns the user to the setup screen at step  534 . If new service activation is being conducted, the secure connection may be established with the television service provider such as DIRECTV. Alternatively, if service or merchandise is being purchased, the secure connection may be established with the vendor of the service or merchandise. Once a secure connection is established, receiver  400  transfers the purchase information through the connection to the receiving computer at step  536 . The receiving computer may then process the purchase information to complete the purchase. Such processing may include transmitting, contacting, or communicating with a credit card company to obtain approval of the purchase. In accordance therewith, the vendor may attempt to establish a secure connection with the credit card company specified.  
         [0062]    As with all transactions performed with credit cards, a verification is made regarding credit limits, etc., and if the purchase is denied by the credit card company, the customer  122  is notified (e.g., by displaying an on-screen message such as “Purchase cannot be completed, please call your credit card service provider at the following number:”) at step  540 . If the purchase is allowed, a confirmation number may be generated by the credit card company, vendor, or both. This confirmation number is transmitted to receiver  400  by the vendor or credit card company at step  542 . At step  544 , receiver  400  stores the confirmation number into a purchase history screen in the receiver  400  to allow the customer  122  to view the items that have been ordered and have all of the necessary information available to them in case a dispute should arise over a particular purchase.  
         [0063]    Given the successful completion of a transaction directly with a credit card company, the credit card company may automatically notify the vendor of the billing confirmation number. For example, the credit card company may send a signal to a pay-TV service provider with the billing confirmation number, customer  122  information (name, address, phone number, etc.) and the services that the customer  122  has paid for. The pay-TV service provider may then generate the appropriate service authorizations and transmit them over the air  118  to activate the receiver  400 .  
         [0064]    During the transaction processing, an on-screen message may inform the customer  122  of the actions being taken by the receiver  400 , such as dialing the number at step  528 , establishing the secure connection, purchase confirmation at step  542 , and displaying a transaction confirmation number if everything has been completed successfully. Receiver  400  may also cause a screen to display a customer  122  service number of the particular credit card company, vendor, pay-TV service provider, etc. in case the transaction is not successfully completed or there is a problem with the services (e.g., pay-TV package) or merchandise selected.  
         [0065]    After the transaction is completed, the receiver  400  notifies the customer  122  of the completion at step  546 . For example, the receiver  400  may display the following on-screen message if the purchase is an activation or payment for pay-TV service: “Your purchase/activation has been completed. To review your past purchases, please refer to the Purchase History screen. If you have trouble with your activated services, please call 1-800-DIRECTV”. Alternatively, if merchandise has been purchased, receiver  400  may display the following message: “Your purchase has been completed and you will receive your items in X weeks. To review your past purchases, please refer to the Purchase History screen. You will now be returned to your last viewed channel”. Thereafter, any merchandise purchased may be shipped to the customer  122  and the billing of the item appears on the customer&#39;s  122  monthly credit card statement.  
         [0066]    The functionality implemented in the receiver  400  depicted in FIG. 5 can be implemented by one or more hardware modules, one or more software modules defining instructions performed by a processor, or a combination of both.  
       Conclusion  
       [0067]    This concludes the description of one or more embodiments of the invention. Utilizing this method, a pay-TV service provider can allow customers  122  to perform a number of transactions ranging from purchasing pay-per-view programming, self-activation of pay-TV service, to purchasing a wide variety of merchandise utilizing a receiver  400 , a standard remote control  424 , and a credit card. Such capabilities allows the pay-TV service provider to give customers  122  a unique an convenient service and generate a significant amount of additional revenue without incurring and reducing additional costs of the associated billing and customer  122  service calls.  
         [0068]    The following describes some alternative embodiments for accomplishing the present invention. For example, any type of computer, such as a mainframe, minicomputer, work station or personal computer, could be used with the present invention. In addition, any program, function, or system providing similar functions as recited herein could be used to implement the present invention.  
         [0069]    The foregoing description of one or more embodiments of the invention has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. It is intended that the scope of the invention be limited not by this detailed description, but rather by the claims appended hereto.