Abstract:
Methods of transferring powder toner and filling a toner container or a development mechanism of an electronographic image forming apparatus with powder toner include the steps of providing a toner fluidization mechanism on a surface of deposit of the powder toner stored in a toner storage container, burying the toner fluidization mechanism into the deposit, supplying gas to the powder toner, and removing fluidized toner to transfer to a different location. An apparatus for filling with powder toner includes a toner container, and an apparatus for transferring powder toner including a toner storage container, a toner fluidization mechanism buried into the powder toner, an air supply mechanism for supplying air to the toner fluidization mechanism, an air suction mechanism for removing fluidized powder toner, a transfer mechanism for transferring the removed powder toner to a different location, and a vibration application mechanism for applying vibration to the toner fluidization mechanism.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]     1. Field of the Invention  
         [0002]     The present invention relates to transferring powder, and more particularly to a method and an apparatus for fluidizing and transferring powder such as toner for electronography, and a method and an apparatus for filling a container with powder.  
         [0003]     2. Discussion of the Background  
         [0004]     Powder toner for electronography manufactured with a pulverization method or a polymerization method is, when manufactured, stored in a large-sized container having a capacity of approximately 80 kg, made of paper or metal, and having a drum shape. The powder toner is then divided into and stored in small-sized containers such as toner containers, toner bottles, and toner cartridges for a storage purpose. In some cases, such powder toner is stored in a small-sized developer container included in a development mechanism of an electronographic copier.  
         [0005]     To fill a toner bottle or a toner cartridge with powder toner, the powder toner needs to be transferred into a filling machine (i.e. a filling apparatus, filling equipment, or a filling mechanism).  
         [0006]     In a case of a background filling apparatus  200  shown in  FIG. 1 , after toner is put into a toner receiver located in an upper area thereof, the toner is subjected to a free fall. Therefore, transferring toner into the toner receiver of the filling apparatus requires time.  
         [0007]     Further, since capacity of a funnel-shaped hopper  203  located in the upper area for temporally storing the transported toner is at most one half to one third of the entire capacity of the drum-shaped container, an operation for transferring toner into the hopper needs to be frequently performed.  
         [0008]     In particular, since toner particles are apt to scatter, it is difficult for an operator to prevent the toner from scattering during the transfer operation. For example, putting approximately 15 kg of toner into a hopper takes approximately five minutes, which needs to be repeated many times. In addition, the scattering particles in the hopper make it difficult to visually check the state of remaining toner.  
         [0009]     Further, in a case of another background filling apparatus  300  shown in  FIG. 2 , although toner needs not to be put into an upper part thereof, a porous plate  303  (i.e. a member for forming a fluid bed) needs to be previously arranged on a bottom of a container, and to internally pressurize the container to fluidize the toner. Therefore, the dedicated container having the porous plate  303  needs to be provided, and the toner needs to be transferred from a large-sized container into the dedicated container every time a filling operation is performed.  
         [0010]     In the above transfer operation, the toner scatters and transferring the toner takes time.  
         [0011]     Further, there has been such a problem that the toner becomes solidified in the toner storage container or the filling apparatus  300 , and simply performing suction of the toner causes the toner to form a bridge in a suction tube. For example, transferring the toner by using an apparatus which performs only a suction operation such as a vacuum cleaner requires approximately 30 minutes, and causes powder dust to scatter, resulting in the problem that a tube of the suction machine is internally clogged with the toner, depending on a state of the toner.  
         [0012]     Previously arranging a member for forming a fluidized bed on a bottom of a filling apparatus and applying internal pressure are preferable in keeping a stable fluidization state. However, a dedicated container previously provided with the member for forming the fluidized bed needs to be used, and the problem is that the toner needs to be transferred (loaded) into the dedicated container.  
         [0013]      FIG. 3  illustrates a background apparatus  400  for transferring toner by rotating a toner storage container  403 , and performing suction of toner from a slit opening  406  of a toner suction member.  
         [0014]     In the background apparatus  400 , in the toner storage container  403 , the slit opening  406  connected to a suction nozzle  402  is provided on toner deposit. For smooth suction of toner, the entire slit opening  406  (i.e. a front edge of a suction member) needs to be moved in response to a decreasing amount of toner deposit during suction. Further, smooth suction of toner requires a mechanism for moving the front edge of the suction member downward as the toner is discharged.  
         [0015]     In a background powder transporting apparatus  500  shown in  FIG. 4 , which is a fluidization and transport apparatus using a principle of toner fluidization, fluidization cannot be evenly performed since a surface of toner deposit is partially supplied with air depending on the state of fluidization.  
         [0016]     Further, a member for forming a fluidized bed needs to be previously embedded in the toner deposit to perform a toner transport operation, resulting in occurrence of a problem such that the member for forming the fluidized bed needs to be moved as toner decreases.  
         [0017]      FIG. 5  illustrates a background filling apparatus  600  which fills a small-sized toner container  640  with fine powder toner from a measurement tank  630  after the fine powder is transferred from a large-sized container such as a filling hopper  610 . The measurement tank  630  includes, at a discharge opening  631  for discharging toner, a filling amount regulation mechanism  632  for causing the small-sized toner container  640  to be filled with the toner transferred into the measurement tank  630  in a predetermined amount by opening and closing the discharge opening  631 .  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0018]     This patent specification describes a method of transferring powder toner which includes the steps of providing a toner fluidization mechanism on a surface of deposit of the powder toner stored in a toner storage container, burying the toner fluidization mechanism from the surface of the deposit into the deposit, supplying gas to the powder toner from the toner fluidization mechanism in the toner storage container to fluidize the powder toner, and sucking the fluidized toner from the toner storage container to transfer the fluidized toner to a different location. This patent specification further describes a method of filling a toner container or a development mechanism of an electronographic image forming apparatus with powder toner which includes the steps of providing a toner fluidization mechanism on a surface of deposit of the powder toner stored in a toner storage container, burying the toner fluidization mechanism from the surface of the deposit into the deposit, supplying gas to the powder toner from the toner fluidization mechanism in the toner storage container to fluidize the powder toner, and sucking the fluidized toner from the toner storage container to transfer the fluidized toner to the toner container or the development mechanism. This patent specification further describes an apparatus for filling with powder toner which includes a toner container, and an apparatus for transferring powder toner including a toner storage container configured to store the powder toner, a toner fluidization mechanism which is inserted into and separated from the toner storage container and which fluidizes the powder toner while being buried into the powder toner, an air supply mechanism configured to supply air to the toner fluidization mechanism to fluidize the powder toner, an air suction mechanism configured to suck the fluidized powder toner from the toner storage container, a transfer mechanism configured to transfer the sucked powder toner from the toner storage container to a different location, and a vibration application mechanism configured to apply vibration to the toner fluidization mechanism to cause the toner fluidization mechanism to be buried into deposit of the toner powder in the toner storage container. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0019]     A more complete appreciation of the disclosure and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:  
         [0020]      FIG. 1  is an explanative illustration of a background filling apparatus using an auger method;  
         [0021]      FIG. 2  is an explanative illustration of another background filling apparatus;  
         [0022]      FIG. 3  is an explanative illustration of a background apparatus for transferring toner by rotating a powder container;  
         [0023]      FIG. 4  is an explanative illustration of a background powder transfer apparatus using a principle of toner fluidization;  
         [0024]      FIG. 5  is an illustration of a background filling apparatus;  
         [0025]      FIGS. 6A and 6B  are illustrations of an overview of an exemplary toner transfer apparatus including a toner fluidization mechanism and a toner transfer mechanism according to the present invention;  
         [0026]      FIG. 7  is an illustration of a combination of the exemplary toner transfer apparatus shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B  and the background filling apparatus shown in  FIG. 5 ;  
         [0027]      FIG. 8  is an illustration of an enlarged view of fluidization of toner;  
         [0028]      FIGS. 9A, 9B , and  9 C are illustrations of exemplary variations of configurations of the toner fluidization mechanism;  
         [0029]      FIG. 10A  is an illustration of the toner fluidization mechanism provided with a guide bar; and  
         [0030]      FIG. 10B  is an illustration of the toner transfer mechanism provided with a filter. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0031]     In describing preferred embodiments illustrated in the drawings, specific terminology is employed for the sake of clarity. However, the disclosure of this patent specification is not intended to be limited to the specific terminology so selected and it is to be understood that each specific element includes all technical equivalents that operate in a similar manner. Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding parts throughout the several views, particularly to  FIGS. 6A and 6B , a toner transfer apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described.  
         [0032]      FIG. 6A  is a view for explaining a method and an apparatus for transferring toner according to the present invention.  
         [0033]     As shown in  FIG. 6A , an exemplary toner transfer apparatus  100  includes a toner storage container  70  having a drum shape, a lid  71 , arranged in an openable and closable manner, which serves as a sealing mechanism, a toner fluidization mechanism  73 , a toner transfer mechanism  76 , and a hole  78 .  
         [0034]     The toner fluidization mechanism  73  is enlarged in  FIG. 6B . As shown in  FIG. 63 , the toner fluidization mechanism includes a circular tube  73   a , a plurality of grid pipes  73   b , a plurality of air blow parts  73   c , and an air tube  73   d  for fluidizing toner.  
         [0035]     The toner transfer mechanism  76  includes a toner transfer tube  76   a  and a toner suction member  76   b.    
         [0036]     The plurality of grid pipes  73   b  are arranged in a matrix in an inner area of the circular tube  73   a , and are connected to the circular pipe  73   a . Also, the plurality of grid pipes  73   b  are connected to each other at crossing points thereof. The air blow part  73   c  includes a sintered body formed by sintering an inorganic granular material so that a micropore for connection is created. The plurality of air blow parts  73   c  are properly arranged under the circular tube  73   a  and the grid pipe  73   b . The air tube  73   d  for fluidizing toner is arranged at a single point on the circular tube  73   a . Alternatively, the air tube  73   d  may be arranged at a plurality of points on the circular tube  73   a.    
         [0037]     The toner transfer mechanism  76  is supported by the toner fluidization mechanism  73 , and the toner transfer tube  76   a  is branched at a front portion, and each front of branches is provided with the toner suction member  76   b . The toner transfer mechanism  76  discharges toner stored in the toner storage container  70  and transfers the toner to a different location.  
         [0038]     The toner storage container  70  does not necessarily have a drum shape. Any container suitable for storing toner may be used. For example, it is preferable that an area of an opening does not greatly change along a change in a surface level of stored toner as the toner is discharged and reduced. The lid  71  of the toner storage container  70  may be pivotable with a hinge. Alternatively, the lid  71  may be laterally slidable. The lid  71  includes a top plate provided with the hole  78  for putting the air tube  73   d  for fluidizing toner and the toner transfer tube  76   a  therethrough.  
         [0039]     The toner fluidization mechanism of the toner transfer apparatus  100  according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the toner fluidization mechanism  73 . Further preferably, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  has such a structure that the toner fluidization mechanism  73  sinks in toner deposit stored in the toner storage container  70  after being arranged therein to uniformly fluidize the toner deposit by a method such as aeration and vibration, and that the angle of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  does not change to prevent toppling of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  along with reduction of the toner deposit. For example, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  may have a thin bottom having an area similar to the horizontal cross section of the toner storage container  70  so that the toner fluidization mechanism  73  does not topple. Alternatively, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  may be provided with a bar member having a top which contacts an inner wall of the toner storage container  70  when the toner fluidization mechanism  73  tilts so that the toner fluidization mechanism  73  does not topple. Alternatively, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  may be provided with a guide bar described below, or may have, for example, a cylindrical shape so that an attitude thereof does not change even when the toner fluidization mechanism  73  topples. It is preferable that the toner fluidization mechanism  73  includes a through-hole so that the toner fluidization mechanism  73  can be easily buried into toner deposit.  
         [0040]     In the method of transferring toner by using the exemplary toner transfer apparatus  100  according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  is put in the toner storage container  70  previously storing toner together with the toner transfer mechanism  76 . The air tube  73   d  and the toner transfer tube  76   a  are loosely inserted to the hole  78 . Then, the lid  71  is closed, and the toner fluidization mechanism  73  is activated to evenly fluidize the toner in the toner storage container  70 . The toner transfer mechanism  76  is activated to suction and transfer the toner from a fluidized surface thereof.  
         [0041]     According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  is arranged on a surface of powder toner deposit stored in the toner storage container  70 , and, in a next step, is buried into the deposit from the surface, thereby ejecting fluidization gas only in the deposit so that the toner is efficiently fluidized. At the same time, the toner to be transferred into a different location may be prevented from being stirred up, and an operation for transporting the toner from the toner storage container  70  into a filling apparatus may be omitted. Further, fluidized toner may be directly discharged from the toner storage container  70  and be transferred into a different location. The different location refers to, for example, a toner container such as toner bottles and toner cartridges or a developer container in a development mechanism of an electronographic copier.  
         [0042]     It is preferable that the toner fluidization mechanism  73  according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention has an apparent density not less than the apparent powder density of toner deposit so that the toner fluidization mechanism  73  can be easily buried into the toner deposit from a surface of the toner deposit in the toner storage container  70 . Such a toner fluidization mechanism  73  is conventionally known as a porous member for even ventilation. The toner fluidization mechanism  73  is, in general, connected to a vent pipe (e.g. a flexible vent pipe), and gas for fluidizing toner is externally introduced through the vent pipe. The vent pipe is held by, for example, a hand, and the toner fluidization mechanism  73  may be externally inserted into the toner storage container  70  and arranged on the surface of the toner deposit in the toner storage container  70 , and the toner fluidization mechanism  73  after being used may be removed from the toner storage container  70 . In other words, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  and the vent pipe may be integrally formed (i.e. the vent pipe may be flexible, and, of course, is attachable to and detachable from the toner fluidization mechanism  73 ). Therefore, the surface of the toner deposit on which the toner fluidization mechanism  73  is arranged is applied with a weight of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  (which may preferably be a porous structure having connected holes) and a partial weight of the vent pipe (i.e. the porous structure).  
         [0043]     In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  is inserted to the toner storage container  70  storing the powder toner, arranged on the surface of the toner deposit, and, then, preferably enters and is buried into the toner deposit. The entry, in general, gradually progresses by, for example, vibration.  
         [0044]     The entry of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  into the toner deposit is preferably performed before fluidizing the powder toner by externally supplying fluidization gas to the toner fluidization mechanism  73  in the toner storage container  70 , during the fluidization of the powder toner, during a step of performing suction and discharge of the fluidized powder toner from the toner storage container  70 , or, while the fluidized powder toner is transferred to a different location. More preferably, the entry of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  into the toner deposit takes place before the fluidization gas is externally supplied to the toner fluidization mechanism  73  in the toner storage container  70  to fluidize the powder toner while preventing the toner from being stirred up due to commencement of aeration. At the same time, it is preferable that the entry of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  into the toner deposit takes place also in the step of performing the suction and discharge of the fluidized powder toner from the toner storage container  70  so that the toner fluidization mechanism  73  can keep the depth even when the surface level of the toner deposit falls with time.  
         [0045]     The toner fluidization mechanism  73  is preferably buried at a depth in which a top portion thereof is covered by a toner layer, although the sufficient depth may not be completely determined because the stirring up of the toner depends on intensity of aeration (such as ventilation pressure, quantity of airflow, and an aeration zone), and distribution and diameters of holes of the porous member of the toner fluidization mechanism  73 .  
         [0046]     In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as the toner fluidization mechanism  73  ejects air into the toner, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  enters into the toner deposit by self-weight.  
         [0047]     Further, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  preferably includes a vibration generation apparatus. As the vibration generation apparatus included in the toner fluidization mechanism  73  vibrates, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  enters into the toner deposit by self-weight.  
         [0048]     The entry of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  into the toner deposit is achieved by self-weight of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  due to fluidization of the toner deposit. For smoother entry, it is preferable that the toner fluidization mechanism  73  is vibrated in addition to the fluidization of the toner deposit. Generating vibration is particularly preferable at a first stage in which the toner deposit has not yet been fluidized. Ultrasonics may be used as a means for vibrating the toner fluidization mechanism  73 , for which airflow into the toner deposit may be preferably used. Ultrasonics may apply vibration to the entire toner storage container  70 . Alternatively, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  may be provided with an ultrasonic transmission mechanism (e.g. a strained steal mesh) so that ultrasonics can apply vibration only to the toner fluidization mechanism  73 . In the case, apparent density of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  increases. Further, intermittent ventilation is preferably used to apply vibration to the toner fluidization mechanism  73 . A preferred embodiment and a preferred frequency for the application of vibration are described below in detail. When the frequency of vibration is too low, sufficient entry may not be achieved. When the frequency of vibration is too high, external additive may be separated from toner particles.  
         [0049]     Powder toner for use with the toner transfer apparatus  100  generally has a volume average particle size of 2.5 to 15.0 μm, an absolute specific gravity of 1.02 to 1.45, and an apparent powder density of 0.20 to 0.90 g/cm 3 , and includes external additives.  
         [0050]     It is preferable that the powder toner increases in volume by a factor of 1.2 to 15.0 in the toner storage container  70  due to ventilated fluidization.  
         [0051]     Further, it is preferable that in the step of arranging the toner fluidization mechanism  73  on the surface of the toner deposit, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  is arranged on the surface of the toner deposit in the toner storage container  70  at a slant in a range of ±30 degrees from a horizontal position.  
         [0052]     The toner fluidization mechanism  73  is arranged at a slant of, preferably, ±30 degrees, more preferably, ±2 to ±20 degrees, and even more preferably, ±2 to ±5 degrees (i.e. kept substantially horizontal) against the toner storage container  70  so that fluidization conditions on the toner surface may be kept uniform.  
         [0053]     Further, when the toner fluidization mechanism  73  enters the toner deposit at an angle in the above slant angle ranges, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  keeps entering to a bottom of the toner storage container  70  without contacting a wall of the toner storage container  70 .  
         [0054]     As described above, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  is preferably able to easily achieve an airflow rate of 2.0 to 18.0 L/min, more preferably, 5.0 to 15.0 L/min, and even more preferably, 8.0 to 13.0 L/min.  
         [0055]     Further, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  is preferably able to easily achieve an air pressure of 0.01 to 0.5 Mpa, more preferably, 0.03 to 0.3 Mpa, and even more preferably, 0.05 to 0.25 Mpa.  
         [0056]     Since toner is transported from a factory by a motortruck, while being shaken in a container during the transport, the container is filled with the toner at higher density than the density upon factory shipment due to the shake. As a result, the surface of the toner becomes considerably hard, making it difficult for the toner fluidization mechanism  73  to sediment depending on a toner condition even when the surface is simply fluidized.  
         [0057]     To solve the above difficulty, vibration is applied to the toner fluidization mechanism  73  so that the toner fluidization mechanism  73  can enter into in the toner storage container  70  even when the surface of the toner is hardened during the transport.  
         [0058]     It is preferable that the frequency is 300 to 40,000 vibrations per minute, more preferably, 10,000 to 30,000 vibrations per minute, and even more preferably, 20,000 to 25,000 vibrations per minute.  
         [0059]     The vibration generation apparatus is preferably located at a position 0.5 to 50.0 mm higher than a position of the toner fluidization mechanism  73 .  
         [0060]     In order to vibrate the toner, it is preferable that the toner fluidization mechanism  73  is provided with the vibration generation apparatus at approximately the center thereof, and a housing holding the toner fluidization mechanism  73  is formed of a metal or the like which better transmits vibration.  
         [0061]     Vibration may be applied by a motor, air, or the like. Using the air valve of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  to apply vibration allows sharing of the unit with the toner fluidization mechanism  73 , and the facility is prevented from being complicated.  
         [0062]     Pressure of an air vibrator is 0.05 to 5.0 Mpa, preferably, 0.1 to 2.5 Mpa, and more preferably, 0.15 to 2.0 Mpa.  
         [0063]     The sediment speed of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  may be controlled by changing a vibration condition.  
         [0064]     The toner fluidization mechanism  73  is provided with a guide bar for causing the toner fluidization mechanism  73  to vertically fall upon sediment. The guide bar prevents the toner fluidization mechanism  73  from hitting an internal wall of the toner storage container  70  and stopping due to shake of the toner transfer apparatus  100 .  
         [0065]     Further, the toner transfer mechanism  76  is provided with a filter such as a stainless steal mesh having openings of 0.3 to 1.0 mm. The filter is provided to the toner suction member  76   b  of the toner transfer mechanism  76  so that a foreign body included in the toner storage container  70  is prevented from being mixed into a toner container product.  
         [0066]     Further, providing a protrusion to a lower part of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  prevents the toner fluidization mechanism  73  from reaching a bottom of the toner storage container  70 .  
         [0067]     As described above, the toner in a fluidized state has powder density of, for example, approximately 0.33 g/cc, and therefore the volume thereof is considerably smaller than those in background methods. The big difference between the present method and background methods is observed in a ventilation volume, in other words, air-intake. Further, not pressurizing the powder toner upon transfer results in a decrease in stress imposed on the powder toner. Further, as a presence of the fluidized bed improves transfer capacity of the powder toner, the transfer capacity thereof is three to four times the transfer capacity of simply ventilated toner powder.  
         [0068]     Powder toner preferably used in the toner transfer apparatus  100  has a volume average particle size of 2.5 to 15.0 μm, more preferably 3.0 to 12.0 μm, and even more preferably 5.0 to 9.0 μm, and has an absolute specific gravity of 1.02 to 1.45, and more preferably 1.1 to 1.3. Further, the powder toner preferably has a powder density of 0.20 to 0.90 g/Cm 3 , and more preferably 0.35 to 0.85 g/cm 3 , and includes external additives. Such powder toner achieves a remarkable effect.  
         [0069]     It is preferable to feed air in such an amount to increase the volume of the toner in the toner storage container  70  by 1.2 to 15.0 times, and preferably 1.5 to 5.0 times.  
         [0070]     Further, when the quantity of air is introduced to transfer toner having powder density of, for example, approximately 0.47 g/cm 3 , the density of the toner immediately after the transfer is lowered to approximately 0.25 g/cm 3 .  
         [0071]     In detail, toner may be transferred at high density of up to approximately 0.35 g/cm 3 .  
         [0072]     In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, since the pressure applied to the toner transfer apparatus  100  is not large, an electric power source with 24V to 220V can be used. A high-pressure cylinder can be used for ventilation, and a battery or natural energy such as solar and wind power can also be used.  
         [0073]     Further, a compressor can be preferably used for a ventilation mechanism.  
         [0074]      FIG. 7  is a view for explaining a filling operation using the toner transfer apparatus  100  and the background filling apparatus  600  shown in  FIG. 5 .  
         [0075]     The toner storage container  70  shown in  FIG. 7  is provided with a roller  75  for easy transportation thereof. The toner storage container  70  is further provided with a joint  72  for connecting to a transfer tube extended from a different location (e.g. a hopper of the background filling apparatus  600 ) so that toner may be transferred to the different location, and a tube station  74  for holding the air tube  73   d  for fluidizing toner and the toner transfer tube  76   a.    
         [0076]     With the above configuration, since the toner may be transferred into the hopper of the background filling apparatus  600  from the toner storage container  70 , automation of toner transfer may be easily achieved.  
         [0077]     Conventionally, toner needs to be carried in small-sized packets onto the background filling apparatus  600 , and the total amount of the toner to be carried is less than a half of a volume of the toner storage container  70 , which is at most 20 to 30 kg in a case the volume of the toner storage container  70  is approximately 80 kg.  
         [0078]      FIG. 8  is an enlarged view for explaining exemplary fluidization of toner. In the example, the toner fluidization mechanism  73  (shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B ) includes a holding member  83  and a plurality of fluidization cylinders  82  as shown in  FIG. 8 . The fluidization cylinder  82  corresponds to the air blow part  73   c  of the exemplary toner transfer apparatus  100  shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B . One of the plurality of fluidization cylinders  82  fluidizes the toner within a range  81 . The fluidization range of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  is determined based on each range  81 .  
         [0079]     The configuration of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  is not limited to the configurations shown in  FIGS. 6A, 6B , and  8 .  
         [0080]      FIGS. 9A, 9B , and  9 C illustrate examples of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  (shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B ).  FIG. 9A  illustrates an exemplary arrangement of the plurality of fluidization cylinders  82  in the toner transfer mechanism  73 .  FIG. 9B  illustrates the air blow part  73   c  (shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B ) serving as a fluidized bed.  FIG. 9C  illustrates another exemplary arrangement in which the plurality of fluidization cylinders  82  are supported at left and right sides thereof so as to increase strength.  
         [0081]     In  FIG. 9A , fluidization is performed along a circumference of the supporting member  83  having a circular shape. In  FIG. 9B , fluidization is performed along a vertical direction. In  FIG. 9C , fluidization is performed at a center and an outer circular part of the circular supporting member  83 .  
         [0082]      FIG. 10A  illustrates an exemplary guide bar  90  provided to the toner fluidization mechanism  73  as described above. As shown in  FIG. 10A , the toner fluidization mechanism  73  may be provided with the guide bar  90  and an exemplary guide stay  91 .  
         [0083]     Using the guide bar  90  causes the toner fluidization mechanism  73  to vertically sediment in the toner storage container  70  even when the toner is reduced as the toner is transferred. Using the guide bar  90  further prevents the toner fluidization mechanism  73  from hitting an internal wall of the toner storage container  70  and stopping.  
         [0084]     It is preferable that a joint of the toner fluidization mechanism  73  with the guide bar  90  includes rubber, vinyl, or a spring so that the vibration generated by the vibration generation apparatus included in the toner fluidization mechanism  73  is efficiently transmitted only to the toner fluidization mechanism  73 .  
         [0085]      FIG. 10B  illustrates an exemplary stainless steal mesh  92  provided to the toner transfer mechanism  76  (shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B ), which serves as the filter as described above. The stainless steal mesh  92  is provided to the toner suction member  76   b  so that a foreign body included in the toner storage container  70  is prevented from being mixed into a toner container product.  
         [0000]     [Experiment] 
         [0086]     An exemplary filling operation was performed by using the exemplary toner transfer apparatus  100  as shown in  FIG. 6A . The filling operation described below is an exemplary case, and does not limit a technical scope of the present invention.  
         [0087]     Red toner having a weight of 80 kg, a volume average particle size of 6.8 μm, and a powder density of 0.47/cc was transferred by using the toner transfer apparatus  100  shown in  FIG. 6A  under the following fluidization conditions.  
         [0088]     The toner transfer was completed in 30 minutes. Scattering of toner particles was not observed during the toner transfer.  
         [0089]     Fluidization conditions 
        Fluidized air-intake: 12.0 L/min     Fluidized air pressure: 0.1 Mpa     Frequency: 24,000/minute     Air vibrator pressure: 0.2 Mpa        
 
         [0094]     When toner transfer was performed by simply using a suction apparatus in a similar manner, toner particles scattered. A suction part of the suction apparatus was choked with toner during the transfer, and operation of the apparatus was needed to stop for cleaning a plurality of times. The toner transfer took 45 minutes.  
         [0095]     This patent specification is based on Japanese patent applications, No. JP2005-277690 filed on Sep. 26, 2005, and NO. JP2006-231812 filed on Aug. 29, 2006 in the Japan Patent Office, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated by reference herein.