Abstract:
An anchor attachment system is provided for use with tensioning device for tensioning lines, particularly belts or webs. The anchor attachment system releasably secures an anchoring line to one end of the tensioning device. Embodiments of the anchor attachment system employ a pin, a cross-pin, a spring element, and a locking cam working in cooperation to secure the pin to first and/or second ends of the tensioning device.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCES 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 61/061,858, filed Jun. 16, 2008; and U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 61/059,491, filed Jun. 6, 2008, both of which are titled “LOAD SECURING RATCHET WITH ANCHOR ATTACHMENT SYSTEM” and both of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The invention relates generally to a system for tensioning cargo retaining members to secure a load to a support surface. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Tensioning systems for tensioning lines, particularly belts or webs, utilizing a tensioning device to wind the tensioning lines have been used for many years. Systems of this type are typically comprised of an anchoring tensioning line, a threadable tensioning line, and a ratchet device. An example of an environment in which these types of devices are employed is in tightening lines around loads or cargo placed on semi-trailer flatbeds. 
     More specifically, prior art devices typically include a means to attach the proximal end of a first or anchoring tensioning line to a first end of the ratchet device and a ratchet system to wind the proximal end of a second or threadable tensioning line from the second end of the ratchet device. The distal end of the anchoring line is attached to a metal fastener such as a hook. The fastener attaches the anchoring line to one side of a support surface (e.g., one side edge of the flatbed trailer). The distal end of the threadable tensioning line also includes a metal faster such as a hook so that it can be fastened to the opposing side edge of the support surface (e.g., the second side edge of the flatbed trailer). The proximal end of the threadable tensioning line is placed over the vehicle load and threaded into the ratchet mechanism of the ratchet device. 
     The tensioning system of the ratchet device comprises a rotatable drive element serving to wind the threadable line, at least one ratchet wheel connected integrally in rotation to the drive element and exhibiting directionally oriented notches, and a pivot lever serving to introduce the rotary movement into the drive element, on which a drive pawl cooperating with the ratchet wheel is mounted slidably counter to the action of a spring, whilst the notches of the ratchet wheel are shaped so that they are retained firmly by a blocking pawl during movement of the pivot lever towards the first end of the device, whereas during the movement of the pivot lever towards the second end of the device, they are entrained via the drive pawl. 
     The means typically provided by the prior art tensioning systems for attaching the proximal end of the first anchoring tensioning line to the first end of the ratchet device includes a bolt, a nut, and, optionally, a sleeve mounted to holes at the first end of the ratchet device. Two wrenches are typically needed to remove the bolt and nut from the ratchet device. It is desired to remove the first anchoring tensioning line from the ratchet device without tools. 
     Therefore, there arises a need for a device to securely attach the proximal end of the first anchoring tensioning line to the first end of the ratchet device without tools. The present invention satisfies this and other needs. 
     SUMMARY 
     One aspect of the present disclosure relates to an anchor attachment system for use with load-securing tensioning devices. In one embodiment constructed according to the principles of the present disclosure, the load-securing tensioning device includes a tensioning device, an anchoring tensioning line, and a threadable tensioning line. The anchor attachment system facilitates efficient attachment and detachment of the anchoring line to and from the first end of the tensioning device. 
     In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the tensioning device includes an anchor member coupled to a first end of the tensioning device. The anchoring line may be removably attached to a first end of the tensioning device by a first anchor attachment. The threadable line is then fed thread-like into the tensioning device from a second end of the tensioning device that is remote from the attached anchoring line. In one embodiment, the tensioning device may include a second anchor attachment system mounted to the second end of the tensioning device to facilitate efficient attachment and detachment to and from the second end of the tensioning device. 
     In accordance with a further aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a tensioning device for tensioning an anchoring line and a threadable line comprising: a first and second spaced parallel plate members; a rotatable drive element mounted between the plate members; a pivot lever mounted on the drive element; a drive pawl pivotably attached to the pivot lever; a first and second anchoring line attachment means interconnecting the first and second parallel plate members at remote ends of the device, wherein the anchor line may be removably attached by a first anchor attachment to either anchoring line attachment means; and a guide means serving to aid in winding the threadable line may include a second anchor attachment interconnecting the first and second spaced parallel plate members. 
     According to aspects of the disclosure, example embodiments of the anchor attachment system includes: a pin body; a spring element; an optional washer; and a cross-pin. The anchor attachment body comprises: a pin shaft for holding the anchoring line and/or guiding the threadable line, the pin shaft also engaging and mounting into a first and a second mounting hole within the respective first and second spaced parallel plate members; a pin head, at a first end of the pin body, connected to the pin shaft, the pin head including a grasp for manually rotating the pin; and a pin hole through the pin shaft proximate a second end of the pin body, opposite the first end, for removably mounting the cross-pin. The anchor attachment system relies upon and includes a set of locking cams and a set of key slots further included on the first spaced parallel plate member, further described below. 
     To employ the anchor attachment system in attaching the anchoring line or in guiding the threadable line, the spring element is first pre-installed on the pin shaft followed by the optional washer. In particular, an inner diameter of the spring element and optional washer are placed over an outer diameter of the pin shaft at the second end. The second end of the pin shaft is then inserted through the second mounting hole on the second spaced parallel plate member. Upon the cross-pin hole of the anchor attachment body arriving at a position between the first and second spaced parallel plate members, the cross-pin is inserted into the cross-pin hole and retained. The anchor attachment is retained in the second mounting hole on the second spaced parallel plate member by the insertion and retention of the cross-pin into the cross-pin hole by virtue of neither the pin head nor the retained cross-pin fitting through the second mounting hole. 
     After the anchor attachment is retained about the second mounting hole, the anchoring line or the threadable line are placed in a desired functional position around the pin shaft. To secure and retain the desired functional anchoring line or threadable line position, the second end of the pin shaft is further inserted into the first mounting hole on the first spaced parallel plate member. To accomplish this insertion, the cross-pin is first aligned with a set of keys included around the first mounting hole. After this insertion, the cross-pin is positioned between the set of locking cams adjacent the first mounting hole, and the spring element and optional washer are nestled between the pin head and the second spaced parallel plate member. 
     To secure and lock the anchor attachment to the first and second spaced parallel plate members and thereby securely attach the anchoring line to the tensioning device or guide the threadable line about the tensioning device, the pin body is rotated along its axis, preferably by manually turning the grasp of the pin head. Rotating the pin body causes the cross-pin to engage the set of locking cams thereby axially moving the pin head towards the second spaced parallel plate member. This axial movement is resisted by the spring element, and the spring element is compressed by the axial movement. Further rotating of the pin body causes the cross-pin to reach and engage a valley between the set of locking cams. The valley allows the spring element to axially pull the pin body thereby axially moving the pin head away from the second spaced parallel plate member. This axial movement is induced by the spring element, and the spring element is uncompressed by the axial movement. 
     After the cross-pin is positioned and engaged at the valley between the set of locking cams, the anchor attachment is locked into position and any incidental rotational torque on the pin body is resisted by the cross-pin reengaging the set of locking cams and thereby the spring element. 
     The anchor attachment may be disengaged by manually turning the grasp of the pin head thereby causing the reengagement of the locking cams by the cross-pin. Upon the cross-pin reaching the set of keys, the anchor attachment may be pulled back through and disengaged from the first mounting hole on the first spaced parallel plate member. Upon the disengagement of the anchor attachment from the first mounting hole, the anchoring line or threadable line may be removed and/or repositioned. 
     To further secure the anchor attachment and, in particular, to further prevent the rotation of the anchor attachment body, certain embodiments of the present disclosure include a pin-keeper. In an example embodiment, the pin-keeper is rotatably mounted on the first spaced parallel plate member and rotatably moves from a latched position to an unlatched position. A pin head engaging surface on the pin-keeper engages a latching surface on the pin head when the pin-keeper is in the latched position. While in the latched position, the pin head engaging surface of the pin keeper interferes with rotational movement of the pin head and therefore the pin body. By preventing rotational movement of the pin body, the cross-pin remains engaged within the valley between the set of locking cams which prevents the anchor attachment from being disengaged from the tensioning device. 
     To disengage the anchor attachment from the tensioning device equipped with the example pin-keeper, the pin-keeper is rotatably moved to an unlatched position such that the pin head engaging surface no longer engages the latching surface of the pin head nor interferes with the rotation of the pin body. In this configuration, the anchor attachment may be removed from the tensioning device as described above. 
     In a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure wherein the system includes the pin-keeper, the pin-keeper is spring loaded into the latched position and is stopped at the latched position by a keeper stop. The pin-keeper may be manually moved into the unlatched position from the latched position by overcoming the spring force. 
     While the invention will be described with respect to preferred embodiment configurations and with respect to particular components used therein, it will be understood that the invention is not to be construed as limited in any manner by either such configuration or components described herein. Further, while the preferred embodiments of the invention will be generally described in relation to securing a cargo or load on a semi-trailer flatbed, it will be understood that the scope of the invention is not to be so limited to that particular environment. For example, the device may be utilized in other representative environments such as ocean transport, inside boxcars, airplanes, trucks and vans. Further, the device may be used to secure wood, pipes, in agricultural environments, etc. These and other variations of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon a more detailed description of the invention. 
     The advantages and features which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed hereto and forming a part hereof. For a better understanding of the invention, however, reference should be had to the drawing which forms a part hereof and to the accompanying descriptive matter, in which there is illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of the invention. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Referring to the drawings, wherein like numerals represent like parts throughout the several views: 
         FIG. 1  shows a bi-directional load securing ratchet method and apparatus system (including a bi-directional tensioning device, a anchoring line, and a threadable line) securing a load to a surface in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 2A  is a perspective view of an example of the device of  FIG. 1  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 2B  is an elevational side view of an example the device of  FIG. 1  with portions shown in phantom in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic side view of an example of the device of  FIG. 1  including a first attachment system, which includes a pair of attachment members in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 4A  is a perspective view of an example of the bi-directional tensioning device of  FIG. 1  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 4B  is an elevational side view of an example of the tensioning device of  FIG. 1  with portions shown in phantom in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 5  is a partial perspective view of the tensioning device taken from  FIG. 4A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 6A  is a partial top view of an example attachment arrangement for securing an anchoring tensioning line to a tensioning device, the first example attachment arrangement including a first attachment member inserted into a first attachment hole of the tensioning device in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 6B  is a partial perspective view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 6A  showing a first example locking cam of the tensioning device and showing a cross-pin aligned with the first attachment member in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 6C  is a partial elevation view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 6B  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 7A  is a partial top view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 6A  including a cross-pin inserted into the first attachment member wherein the first attachment member and the cross-pin are aligned with a second attachment hole of the tensioning device in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 7B  is a partial perspective view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 7A  including a first locking cam in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 7C  is a partial elevation view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 7A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 8A  is a partial top view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 7A  in which the first attachment member has been inserted through the first attachment hole and the second attachment hole of the tensioning device in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 8B  is a partial perspective view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 8A  in which the first attachment member is oriented to position the cross-pin in a first, inserted position in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 8C  is a partial elevation view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 8A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 9A  is a partial top view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 8A  in which the first attachment member has been inserted through the first and second attachment holes of the tensioning device and in which the cross-pin is sliding over a locking cam in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 9B  is a partial perspective view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 9A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 9C  is a partial elevation view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 9A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 10A  is a partial top view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 9A  in which the cross-pin has been arranged in a second, locked position in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 10B  is a partial perspective view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 10A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 10C  is a partial elevation view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 10A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 11A  is a partial top view of another example attachment arrangement including another cross-pin inserted into another example attachment member that has been inserted into a first attachment hole of the tensioning device in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 11B  is a partial perspective view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 11A  showing a second example locking cam on the tensioning device in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 11C  is a partial elevation view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 11A  showing the first attachment member and the cross-pin aligned for insertion through a second opening and past the second locking cam of the tensioning device in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 12A  is a partial top view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 11A  in which the first attachment member has been inserted through the first attachment hole and the second attachment hole of the tensioning device in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 12B  is a partial perspective view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 12A  in which the first attachment member is arranged to position the cross-pin in a first orientation to facilitate passing the cross-pin through the second hole in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 12C  is a partial elevation view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 12A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 13A  is a partial top view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 12A  in which the first attachment member is arranged to position the cross-pin in a second orientation to engage the cross-pin with the second example locking cam in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 13B  is a partial perspective view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 13A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 13C  is a partial elevation view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 13A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 14A  is a partial top view of another example attachment arrangement for securing an anchoring tensioning line to a tensioning device, the example attachment arrangement including another first attachment member inserted through a first and a second attachment hole of the tensioning device, oriented in a locked position, and secured by a keeper arrangement, which is arranged in a latched position in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 14B  is a partial perspective view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 14A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 14C  is a partial elevation view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 14A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 15A  is a partial top view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 14A  in which the keeper arrangement is arranged in an unlatched position in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 15B  is a partial perspective view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 15A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 15C  is a partial elevation view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 15A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 16A  is a partial top view of still another example attachment arrangement including yet another first attachment member inserted through a first and a second attachment hole of a tensioning device, arranged in a locked position, and secured in the locked position by another example keeper arrangement, which is arranged in a latched position in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 16B  is a partial perspective view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 16A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 16C  is a partial elevation view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 16A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 16D  is a bottom view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 16A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 17A  is a partial top view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 16A  in which the keeper arrangement is arranged in an unlatched position in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 17B  is a partial perspective view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 17A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 17C  is a partial elevation view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 17A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 17D  is a bottom partial view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 16A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 18A  is a partial top view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 16A  in which the first attachment member of the attachment arrangement has been inserted through the first and second attachment holes of the tensioning device and arranged in an unlocked configuration, the keeper arrangement shown in an unlatched position in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 18B  is a partial perspective view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 18A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 18C  is a partial elevation view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 18A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 18D  is a partial bottom view of the example attachment arrangement of  FIG. 18A  in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; and 
         FIG. 19  is a side view of another example of a tensioning device configured in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; and 
         FIG. 20  is a bottom view of the tensioning device of  FIG. 19  in which fenders formed in the handle are visible. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     This disclosure is directed to an attachment system for use with a tensioning device and, in particular, for use with a ratcheting tensioning device. One example of a ratcheting tensioning device includes a bidirectional tensioning device, such as the bidirectional tensioning devices  1   a ,  1   b , which are illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 5 . Another example of a ratcheting tensioning device includes a non-bidirectional tensioning device. Bidirectional and non-bidirectional ratcheting tensioning systems are described in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 7,207,089, issued Apr. 24, 2007, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
     As a brief summary of the bidirectional ratcheting tensioning systems  1   a ,  1   b , illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 5 , the tensioning systems  1   a ,  1   b  each include a first attachment member  105  positioned at a first end of the tensioning device and a second attachment member  106  positioned at a second end of the tensioning device. Each of the attachment members  105 ,  106  is configured to selectively couple with the proximal end of the anchoring line  2 . Each tensioning device  1   a ,  1   b  is configured to selectively couple to the proximal end of the threadable line  3 . The second end of the tensioning device  1   b  is coupled with the proximal end of the anchoring line  2 . In either case, the distal ends of the anchoring line  2  and the threadable line  3  are each attached to the support surface  5  by means of a fastener  4  such as a hook. The threadable line  3  extends over a load  100  to secure the load  100  to the support surface  5 . 
     In the case of the bidirectional ratcheting tensioning systems  1   a ,  1   b , the components between the devices  1   a  and  1   b  are identical but the anchoring line  2  is connected at the opposite end of the device  1   a  versus the device  1   b . Therefore, if the device  1   a  and  1   b  is desired to be converted and/or utilized in the other manner, the device  1   a ,  1   b  merely needs to be turned around 180 degrees, the anchoring line  2  attached to the other end of the device  1   a  and  1   b , and the threadable line  3  also threaded from the reverse end. 
     The disconnection and reattachment of the anchoring line  2  and the threadable line  3  when converting the device  1   a ,  1   b  is facilitated by employing an embodiment of an anchor attachment system (e.g., attachment systems  68   a ,  68   b ,  68   c ,  68   d ) having features that are examples of inventive aspects of the principles of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the benefits provided by the bidirectional ratcheting tensioning systems  1   a ,  1   b  may be enhanced by the inclusion of an embodiment of the attachment system. 
     In general, to remove an anchoring line  2  from a first anchor member of the tensioning device, a first anchor attachment system (e.g., see anchor attachment system  300  of  FIG. 20 ) is configured into an unlocked state, the first anchor member is at least partially detached from the tensioning device, and the anchoring line  2  is removed (e.g., slid off) from the first anchor member. The first anchor member can be reattached to the tensioning device and the anchor attachment system can be configured into the locked state after the anchoring line  2  is removed. 
     To convert a bidirectional tensioning device, a second anchor attachment system (e.g., see anchor attachment system  400  of  FIG. 20 ) of the tensioning device can be configured into an unlocked state, the second anchor member can be at least partially detached from the tensioning device, and the anchoring line  2 , which was previously removed from the first anchor member, can be slid onto the second anchor line. The second anchor member can be reattached to the tensioning device and the second anchor attachment system can be configured into the locked state. 
     Embodiments of the anchor attachment system can include an anchor member (e.g., one of anchor members  105 ,  106  of  FIG. 2A ) configured to releasably engage the body of the tensioning device. In one embodiment, a first end of the anchor member includes a keeper (e.g., a roll pin) and the body of the tensioning device defines a locking formation configured to releasably hold the keeper at a particular location and/or in a particular orientation. For example, the locking formation can include a cammed protrusion and the keeper can include a roll pin configured to slide over the cammed protrusion. 
     In some embodiments, the opposite end of the anchor member includes a retaining member. The retaining member inhibits rotation of the anchor member. In one embodiment, the retaining member pivots into and out of engagement with a cammed surface of the anchor member (e.g., see  FIGS. 15A-15C ). In another embodiment, the retaining member moves into and out of surrounding engagement with a portion of the anchor member (e.g., see  FIGS. 16A-16D ). For example, the retaining member defines an aperture through which the portion of the anchor member protrudes when the retaining member engages the anchor member. 
     In another embodiment, the retaining member includes a biasing member biases the anchor member in a first direction, but enables the anchor member to be pushed in the opposite direction (e.g., see  FIGS. 11A-11C ). In one embodiment, the biasing member is a wave washer. In another embodiment, the biasing member is a spring. The biasing member facilitates locking of the anchor member by biasing the keeper into engagement with the locking formation. The biasing member also enables the keeper to be released from the locking formation. For example, the user may slide the anchor member against the bias of the biasing member, thereby releasing the keeper from the locking formation. 
     Example embodiments of an anchor attachment system are illustrated in  FIGS. 6A through 18D . In these example embodiments, the example attachment systems  68   a ,  68   b ,  68   c ,  68   d  include: a pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d ; a spring element  92 ; an optional washer  94 ; and a cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b . The attachment system  68   a ,  68   b ,  68   c ,  68   d  includes a set of locking cams  64   a ,  64   b ,  64   c  and a set of key slots  62   a ,  62   b ,  62   c  defined on the first spaced parallel plate member  8   a ,  8   b ,  8   c ,  8   d  as described herein. 
     The pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d  includes a pin shaft  72   a ,  72   b  for holding an anchoring line  2  or for guiding a threadable line  3  of the ratcheting tensioning systems  1  (see  FIG. 3 ). The pin shaft  72   a ,  72   b  engages and mounts into a first  60   a ,  60   b  and a second  12  mounting hole within a respective first  8   a ,  8   b ,  8   c ,  8   d  and a second  9 ,  9   a ,  9   b  spaced parallel plate member (see  FIGS. 7B and 11B ). The pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d  also includes a pin head  74  at a first end of the pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d  connected to the pin shaft  72   a ,  72   b . The pin head  74  includes a grasp  78  for manually rotating the pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d . A pin hole  76  is defined through the pin shaft  72   a ,  72   b  proximate a second end of the pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d  opposite the first end for removably mounting the cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b.    
     To employ the attachment system  68   a ,  68   b ,  68   c ,  68   d  in attaching the anchoring line  2  or in guiding the threadable line  3 , the spring element  92  is first pre-installed on the pin shaft  72   a ,  72   b  followed by the optional washer  94 . In particular, an inner diameter of the spring element  92  and the optional washer  94  are placed over an outer diameter of the pin shaft  72   a ,  72   b  at the second end. The second end of the pin shaft  72   a ,  72   b  is then inserted through the second mounting hole  12  on the second spaced parallel plate member  9 ,  9   a ,  9   b  (see  FIGS. 6B and 11B ). Upon the cross-pin hole  76  of the attachment pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d  arriving at a position between the first  8   a ,  8   b ,  8   c ,  8   d  and second  9 ,  9   a ,  9   b  spaced parallel plate members, the cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b  is inserted into the cross-pin hole  76  and retained as illustrated in  FIGS. 7A-7C  and  11 A- 11 C. The attachment pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d , the spring element  92 , and the optional washer  94  are retained in the second mounting hole  12  on the second spaced parallel plate member  9 ,  9   a ,  9   b  by the insertion and retention of the cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b  into the cross-pin hole  76  by virtue of neither the pin head  74  nor the retained cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b  fitting through the second mounting hole  12 . 
     The retention of the pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d , the spring element  92 , and the optional washer  94  to the second spaced parallel plate member  9 ,  9   a ,  9   b  and therefore to the ratcheting tensioning systems  1 ,  1   a ,  1   b  prevents these elements from being misplaced. When the anchor attachment system  68   a ,  68   b ,  68   c ,  68   d  is not engaged in the first mounting hole  60   a ,  60   b , as illustrated in  FIGS. 6B and 11B , the retention provides a prominent indicator that the anchor attachment system  68   a ,  68   b ,  68   c ,  68   d  is not retaining the anchoring line  2  or guiding the threadable line  3 . In corresponding prior art systems that allow the removal of an anchoring/guiding pin, no such prominent indication is given. 
     After the attachment pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d  is retained about the second mounting hole  12 , the anchoring line  2  or the threadable line  3  are placed in a desired functional position around the pin shaft  72   a ,  72   b  as illustrated in  FIG. 3 . To secure and retain the desired functional anchoring line  2  or threadable line  3  position, the second end of the pin shaft  72   a ,  72   b  is further inserted into the first mounting hole  60   a ,  60   b  on the first spaced parallel plate member  8   a ,  8   b ,  8   c ,  8   d . To accomplish this insertion, the cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b  is first aligned with the set of key slots  62   a ,  62   b ,  62   c  included around the first mounting hole  60   a ,  60   b . After this insertion, the cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b  is positioned between the set of locking cams  64   a ,  64   b ,  64   c  adjacent the first mounting hole  60   a ,  60   b , and the spring element  92  and optional washer  94  are nestled between the pin head  74  and the second spaced parallel plate member  9 ,  9   a ,  9   b  (see  FIGS. 8A-8C  and  12 A- 12 C). 
     To secure and lock the anchor attachment system  68   a ,  68   b ,  68   c ,  68   d  to the first  8   a ,  8   b ,  8   c ,  8   d  and second  9 ,  9   a ,  9   b  spaced parallel plate members and thereby securely attach the anchoring line  2  to the tensioning device  1 ,  1   a ,  1   b  or guide the threadable line  3  about the tensioning device  1 ,  1   a ,  1   b , the pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d  is rotated along its axis, preferably by manually turning the grasp  78  of the pin head  74 . As illustrated in  FIGS. 9A through 9C , rotating the pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d  causes the cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b  to engage the set of locking cams  64   a ,  64   b ,  64   c  thereby axially moving the pin head  74  towards the second spaced parallel plate member  9 ,  9   a ,  9   b . This axial movement is resisted by the spring element  92 , and the spring element  92  is compressed a distance H C  by the axial movement. The spring element  92  is thereby reduced from an initial height, H S , to a compressed height, H S  minus H C  as illustrated in  FIGS. 8A and 9A . Further rotating the pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d  causes the cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b  to reach and engage a valley  66   a ,  66   b  between the set of locking cams  64   a ,  64   b ,  64   c  as illustrated in  FIGS. 10A-10C  and  13 A- 13 C. The valley  66   a ,  66   b  allows the spring element to axially pull the pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d  thereby axially moving the pin head  74  away from the second spaced parallel plate member  9 ,  9   a ,  9   b . This axial movement is induced by the spring element  92 , and the spring element  92  is at least partially relieved of compression by the axial movement. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the spring element  92  is a wave washer, known in the art, with an uncompressed amplitude H S  (see  FIG. 8A ) ranging from 0.06 inch to 0.25 inch. In a more preferred embodiment, the amplitude H S  of the spring element  92  ranges from 0.10 inch to 0.15 inch. In other embodiments, the spring element  92  may take other forms, such as a coil spring. In still other embodiments, the spring element  92  may be integrated with the first  8   a ,  8   b ,  8   c ,  8   d  and second  9 ,  9   a ,  9   b  spaced parallel plate members which may elastically flex as the cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b  engages the set of locking cams  64   a ,  64   b ,  64   c  and the valley  66   a ,  66   b  as described above. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the set of locking cams  64   a ,  64   b ,  64   c ; the valley  66   a ,  66   b ; the set of key slots  62   a ,  62   b ,  62   c ; and the first mounting hole  60   a ,  60   b  are stamp formed into the first spaced parallel plate members  8   a ,  8   b ,  8   c ,  8   d . In other embodiments, other means may be employed in forming the set of locking cams  64   a ,  64   b ,  64   c ; the valley  66   a ,  66   b ; the set of key slots  62   a ,  62   b ,  62   c ; and the first mounting hole  60   a ,  60   b  either separately or together and either on or separate from the first spaced parallel plate members  8   a ,  8   b ,  8   c ,  8   d . For example, the set of locking cams  64   a ,  64   b ,  64   c ; the valley  66   a ,  66   b ; and the set of key slots  62   a ,  62   b ,  62   c  may instead be included on the second spaced parallel plate member  9 ,  9   a ,  9   b  or on a third member that is not necessarily parallel to the first  8   a ,  8   b ,  8   c ,  8   d  and second  9 ,  9   a ,  9   b  spaced parallel plate members. 
     After the cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b  is positioned and engaged at the valley  66   a ,  66   b  between the set of locking cams  64   a ,  64   b ,  64   c , the anchor attachment system  68   a ,  68   b ,  68   c ,  68   d  is locked into position and any incidental rotational torque on the pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d  is resisted by the cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b  reengaging the set of locking cams  64   a ,  64   b ,  64   c  and thereby the spring element  92 . 
     The anchor attachment system  68   a ,  68   b ,  68   c ,  68   d  may be removed by manually turning the grasp  78  of the pin head  74  thereby causing the reengagement of the locking cams  64   a ,  64   b ,  64   c  by the cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b . Upon the cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b  reaching the set of key slots  62   a ,  62   b ,  62   c , the attachment pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d  may be pulled back through and disengaged from the first mounting hole  60   a ,  60   b  on the first spaced parallel plate member  8   a ,  8   b ,  8   c ,  8   d . Upon the disengagement of the attachment pin body  70   a ,  70   b ,  70   c ,  70   d  from the first mounting hole  60   a ,  60   b , the anchoring line  2  or threadable line  3  may be removed from and/or repositioned on the ratcheting tensioning systems  1 . 
     To further secure the anchor attachment system  68   c ,  68   d  and, in particular, to further prevent the rotation of the attachment pin body  70   c ,  70   d , certain embodiments of the present disclosure include a pin-keeper  95 ,  95 ′. In an example embodiment, illustrated in  FIGS. 14A through 15C , the pin-keeper  95  is rotatably mounted about a keeper pivot  97  on the first spaced parallel plate member  9   a  and rotatably moves from a latched position (see  FIGS. 14A through 14C ) to an unlatched position (see  FIGS. 15A through 15C ) about a pivot axis  96 . A pin head engaging surface  98  on the pin-keeper  95  engages a latching surface  79  on the pin head  74  when the pin-keeper  95  is in the latched position. While in the latched position, the pin head engaging surface  98  of the pin keeper  95  interferes with rotational movement of the pin head  74  and therefore the pin body  70   c . The pin keeper  95  is preferably spring-loaded against a keeper stop  99  thereby positioning the pin keeper  95  in the latched position. By preventing rotational movement of the pin body  70   c , the cross-pin  80   b  remains engaged within the valley  66   b  between the set of locking cams  64   b  which prevents the attachment pin body  70   c  from being removed from the first spaced parallel plate member  8   b  of the tensioning device  1 . 
     In another example embodiment, illustrated in  FIGS. 16A through 18D , another pin-keeper  95 ′ is rotatably mounted about a keeper pivot  97 ′, mounted on the first spaced parallel plate member  9   b , and rotatably moves from a latched position (see  FIGS. 16A through 16D ) to an unlatched position (see  FIGS. 17A through 18D ) about a pivot axis  96 ′. A pin head engaging surface  98 ′ on the pin-keeper  95 ′ engages a latching surface  79 ′ on the grasp  78  of the pin head  74  when the pin-keeper  95 ′ is in the latched position. While in the latched position, the pin head engaging surface  98 ′ of the pin keeper  95 ′ interferes with rotational movement of the pin head  74  and therefore the pin body  70   d . The pin-keeper  95 ′ can be retained by snapping it into the latched position whereupon a hook  99 ′ holds the pin-keeper  95 ′, as illustrated in  FIG. 16D . Alternatively, other means may be used to hold the pin-keeper  95 ′ in the latched position. By preventing rotational movement of the pin body  70   d , the cross-pin  80   a  remains engaged within the valley  66   a  between the set of locking cams  64   c  which prevents the attachment pin body  70   d  from being removed from the first spaced parallel plate member  8   d  of the tensioning device  1 . 
     To disengage the anchor attachment system  68   c ,  68   d  from the tensioning tensioning device  1  equipped with the example pin-keeper  95 ,  95 ′, the pin-keeper  95 ,  95 ′ is rotatably moved to the unlatched position such that the pin head engaging surface  98 ,  98 ′ no longer engages the latching surface  79 ,  79 ′ of the pin head  74  nor interferes with the rotation of the pin body  70   c ,  70   d . In this configuration, the attachment pin body  70   c ,  70   d  may be disengaged from the tensioning device  1  as described above. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the pin-keeper  95 ,  95 ′ is only moveable to the latched position when the anchor attachment system  68   c ,  68   d  is locked into position. A latched but unlocked configuration could be visually misinterpreted as being both latched and locked. As illustrated in  FIGS. 18A through 18D , when the anchor attachment system  68   d  is in the unlocked position, the pin-keeper  95 ′ can not be moved into the latched position. Likewise, the pin-keeper  95  illustrated in  FIGS. 15A through 15C  can only be placed in the latched position while the anchor attachment system  68   c  is locked. 
     In the example embodiments, one or two key slots  62   a ,  62   b ,  62   c  were provided. In other embodiments, more than two key slots may be provided. Likewise, in the example embodiments, the cross-pin  80   a ,  80   b  engages the locking cams  64   a ,  64   b ,  64   c  at one or two locations. In other embodiments, more than two locations may be engaged by a cross-pin. 
     In certain stress optimized embodiments, it is preferred to have a single key slot  62   b  place in a region of relatively low stress as illustrated in  FIGS. 11B and 15B . 
     Other means may be used to secure a pin body to a tensioning device. For example, a set of detent balls  82   b  is provided on the pin shaft  72   b  as illustrated in  FIGS. 11A through 12C . In certain embodiments, the detent balls  82   b  engage the hole  60   b  perimeter to hold the pin shaft  72   b  in place. 
     Other securing means may include fasteners other than pins. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 2A , a bolt  103  engages a nut  104  thereby providing a first  105  and a second  106  attachment means for the anchoring line  2  and the threadable line  3 . A sleeve  107  may be optionally provided around the bolt  103 . The nut  104  is attached to the tensioning device  1  and can be permanently attached by, for example, welding. The engagement and disengagement of the bolt  103  from the tensioning device  1  is made easier and/or quicker as the nut  104  does not need to be positioned and held during the engagement and disengagement process. 
     Still another securing means may include the pin-keeper  95 ′ as illustrated in  FIGS. 16A through 17D  and described above but without the locking cams  64   c , the valley  66   a , the key slots  62   c , or the cross-pin  80   a.    
       FIG. 19  is a side view of another embodiment of a tensioning device  200  configured in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. The tensioning device  200  is shown arranged in a first position in which the handle  210  is pivoted to a first end  201  of the tensioning device  200 . In one embodiment, the handle  210  is configured to be pivoted to a second end  202  of the tensioning device  200  as part of a tensioning stroke (i.e., the handle stroke that entrains the ratchet to rotate the drum to tension the tensioning strap). In another embodiment, the handle  210  is configured to be pivoted to the second end  202  in preparation for the tensioning stroke. 
     Fenders  215  can be provided in the handle  210  to accommodate ends of the anchor members  105 ,  106 . In some embodiments, the fenders  215  also accommodate protrusions on the exterior of the parallel plate members. For example, the fenders  215  can accommodate pin heads  74 , cross-pins  80   a ,  80   b , and cams  64   a ,  64   b ,  64   c ,  64   d.    
       FIG. 20  is a plan view of the tensioning device of  FIG. 19  arranged in a second position in which the handle has been pivoted to the second end of the tensioning device. The fenders  215  formed in the handle  210  are visible in  FIG. 20 . In the example shown, a portion of the handle  210  angles outwardly to define a pocket  215  in which the keeper, locking formations, or other parts of the attachment system may be accommodated. In another embodiment, the fenders  215  can be formed by a recess defined in the handle  210 . 
     While particular embodiments of the invention have been described with respect to its application, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited by such application or embodiment or the particular components disclosed and described herein. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other components that embody the principles of this invention and other applications therefore other than as described herein can be configured within the spirit and intent of this invention. The arrangements described herein are provided as only examples of embodiments that incorporate and practice the principles of this invention. Other modifications and alterations are well within the knowledge of those skilled in the art and are to be included within the broad scope of the appended claims.