Abstract:
A novel method for naming chemical compounds comprises the steps of identifying a first component constituting the core of the compound according to predetermined first rules, naming the first component according to predetermined second rules, naming a secondary component of the first component according to predetermined third rules, modifying the name given for the first component by adding the name given for the second component to the name of the first component, and repeating the secondary-component naming and name-modifying steps for all of the secondary components in the compound. Such a method will give uniform rules for naming chemical compound, especially for organic compounds and for simply and easily naming new compounds.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO THE CO-PENDING APPLICATION 
     The present application is a Continuation-in-Part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 681,688, filed Dec. 14, 1984, and now abandoned, by Kenzo Hirayama et al and assigned to the common assignee. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF INVENTION 
     The present invention relates generally to the nomenclature of organic chemical compounds and their structures. More specifically, the invention relates to a novel process and system for naming chemical compounds, which allows linear notation of chemical structure in an extremely simple way. Hereinafter, the system of the chemical nomenclature according to the present invention will be called &#34;Radial Nomenclature&#34;. 
     This invention is a discovery of a consistent rule that applies to all organic compounds for the linear notation of chemical structures. The invention incorporates specific methods suitable for visual and aural information exchange between humans as well as specific methods for information processing by computers, and is a linear notation of chemical structures using natural language that is extremely simple, being composed of approximately a hundred basic terms and a systematic grammar. The inventor names this notation &#34;Radial Nomenclature&#34;, which expresses the characteristics of this notation. 
     It is now 200 years since the molecular structure of organic compounds began to be researched, but as organic compounds since then have been independently named without a unifying logic, there has been confusion in science and industry. 
     In order to resolve this problem, a movement began to establish means based on molecular structures, and in AD 1892, the first international proposal (the so-called &#34;Geneva Rules&#34;) was made. However, as this proposal could be applied only to a portion of organic compounds, this was revised and extended by the Commission for the Reform of Nomenclature in Organic Chemistry of the International Union of Chemistry (I.U.C.), and this work was succeeded by the Commission of Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (I.U.P.A.C.). 
     This commission continues its work to complete the establishment of a set of IUPAC NOMENCLATURE RULES, but as compounds of new types appear, the rules are revised and supplemented in extensive detail, so that a consistency in the rules is becoming scarce, and the corpus has become a rule book of over several hundred basic terms and over 300 pages. As a result, this nomenclature has become a useful tool for nomenclature specialists, but a grammatically difficult &#34;Basque tongue&#34; for students new to chemistry. 
     On the one hand, information on over 6 million organic compounds are now extensively used in chemical industry and research, but notwithstanding the development of computers as tools for information processing, as there is no consistent nomenclature, serial numbers that are unrelated to chemical structures are used in order to relate chemical structures to compound names in computer processing. 
     On the other hand, we have the Wiswesser Line-Formula Chemical Notation (usually abbreviated as WLN) and Nodal Nomenclature (Noel Lozach, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 18, 887-899 (1979); 23, 33-46 (1984)) which are linear notations or nomenclature of chemical structures that are logically consistent. 
     In terms of the unequivocal correspondence between notations or names and chemical structures, the former is said to be good, and it is assumed that the latter also corresponds. 
     WLN is a predominantly character-and-symbol based linear notation that is suitable for information processing using computers, but as it is not in natural language, it lacks straightforwardness for human senses. 
     The reason that the latter Nodal Nomenclature was assumed to have unequivocal correspondence between names and structures is that in that system, the smallest component of the skeletal structures of compounds as identified as the atom, and their mutual relationship is notated linearly, so that it has similarities to this invention, but its applicability to all compounds has still not been demonstrated. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Therefore, it is a principal object of the present invention to provide a novel process for naming chemical structure of organic compounds in a simple and unambiguous way. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel notation process for the chemical structure which is applicable to all chemical structures, and especially to organic compounds. 
     A further object of the present invention is to provide a system for performing the novel notation process according to the invention. 
     In order to accomplish the aforementioned and other objects, a notation process for chemical compounds according to the present invention is based on the following principles: 
     1. The chemical structure of all organic compounds are (I) considered to be acyclic hydrocarbons; (II) considered to be alicyclic hydrocarbon compounds; (III) considered to be aromatics excepting those in item IV; and/or (IV) cyclic fused aromatic rings, each of groups (I) through (IV) having corresponding noncarbon isohydrides. 
     2. (I) and (II) are shown with the relationship between skeletal atoms, and (III) and (V) are shown with the relationship between aromatic rings in a logically consistent manner. 
     3. Even when the above components are mutually bonded to form a different type of organic compound, the original name and numbering of skeletal atoms used in the nomenclature of the original constitutional elements are retained as unique characteristics of that element. 
     4. The names of all compounds begin with the expression of the core, following the notation that has been formulated, and the names of the substituent portions are added in turn. 
     5. As a logically unified method was established for expressing the mutual relationship of bonding of the consitutional elements, this supports the mechanical interconversion of names and chemical structures of the formula notation. 
     6. As the terms based on natural language are used in the formula notation, the notation is suitable for human vision and hearing too. 
     According to one aspect of the invention, a method for naming chemical compounds comprises the steps of: 
     identifying a first component constituting the core of the compound according to predetermined first rules; 
     naming the first component according to predetermined second rules; 
     naming a secondary component of the first component according to predetermined third rules; 
     modifying the name given for the first component by adding the name given for the second component to the name of the first component; and 
     repeating the secondary-component naming and name-modifying steps for all of the secondary components in the compound. 
     The chemical compound is an organic compound. The first component is classified from among a first group consisting of acyclic hydrocarbons, a second group consisting of alicyclic hydrocarbon compounds, a third group consisting of aromatics excepting those classified in a fourth group, and the fourth group consisting of cyclic fused aromatic rings, each group having corresponding noncarbon isohydrides. The first component to be classified in the first and second groups are skeletal atoms. On the other hand, the first component to be classified in the third and fourth groups are aromatic rings. 
     The original name and numbering of the skeletal atoms used in nomenclature of the original constitutional element are retained as unique characteristics of the element even when the components are mutually bonded to form a different type of organic compound. All the names given to the chemical compounds begin with the name of the first component. The names given to the second components follow the name of the first component. 
     In the preferred method, natural language are used in the formula notation. 
     According to another aspect of the invention, a system for naming chemical compounds comprises storage means for storing name stems and rules for naming compounds, input means for inputting data concerning chemical compounds, processing means for accepting data from the input means, retrieving name stems and rules from the storage means and manipulating data accepted from the input means according to the rules stored in the storage means, and output means for displaying the results of manipulations performed by the processing means. 
     The input means is adapted to accept data in the form of the chemical formula of the compound to be named. The output means is associated with the input means for displaying input data. The output means incorporates a graphic display, and the input means allows graphic input. The storage means stores the name stems in the form of a table. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The present invention will be understood more fully from the detailed description given herebelow and from the accompanying drawings of the preferred embodiment of the invention, which, however, should not be taken to limit the invention to the specific embodiment but are for explanation and understanding only. 
     In the drawings: 
     FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the preferred embodiment of a naming system in accordance with the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a fragmentary illustration of a display on a naming system of FIG. 1, which shows how data entry may be performed graphically; 
     FIG. 3 is a flowchart of operation of the preferred embodiment of the naming system; 
     FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a program for determining the name of a chemical compound; and 
     FIGS. 5-1(A) to 5-5((I) are examples of names according to the invention and the corresponding chemical formula. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Hereafter disclosed is the preferred embodiment of a notation process for chemical compounds, especially organic compounds, according to the invention and a system for implementing the preferred embodiment of the notation process. 
     Before disclosing the preferred embodiment of the naming system according to the invention, the fundamental principles of notation for chemical compounds according to the present invention will be described to facilitate better understanding of the present invention. 
     1. Decomposing Chemical Structures into Their Components 
     A chemical structure is decomposed into its components as follows: 
     (1) All atoms other than hydrogen are regarded as skeletal atoms. 
     (2) The skeletal structure is decomposed into its components as stated below, and when there is a choice for how the structure is to be decomposed, then that one is chosen which gives the least number of components. 
     (3) Moniliform cyclic structures, which are formed by four- to eight-membered rings whose two adjacent rings have only two atoms in common, are isolated as Group IV. 
     (4) Honeycomb-like fused systems of six-membered rings and their modified systems with up to four- or eight-membered expanded or contracted peripheral rings with maximum number or non-adjacent double bonds are isolated as Group III from what remains after process (3). 
     (5) Cyclic parts are isolated as Group II from what remains after process (4). 
     (6) Every continuation of identical atoms in what remains after process (5) are isolated as Group I. 
     These components in four Groups are classified into fundamental skeletons and their modifications as follows: 
     a. The skeletons of Group III and IV, which are composed of only six-membered rings with identical atoms and with the maximum number of non-adjacent double bonds are the fundamental skeletons, while the other components of these Groups are modifications of the fundamental skeletons. 
     b. The skeletons of Group II, which are composed of one kind of atom linked to each other by single bonds are the fundamental skeletons, while the other components of this Group are modifications of the fundamental skeletons. 
     c. The skeletons of Group I, which are composed of single bonds alone are the fundamental skeletons, while the other components of Group I are modifications of the fundamental skeletons. 
     2. Naming Components 
     Each component obtained by the preceding process is named as follows: ##EQU1## 
     The formula ##EQU2## stands for citing the 1st variable, 2nd variable, and so on up to the h-th, one by one in this order, and the formula A+B+ . . . stands for citing the terms A, B, . . . in this order. 
     (1) The Names of Fundamental Skeletons 
     The name of each fundamental skeleton is made by citing the variables in the following formula according to Table 1. ##EQU3## 
     
                       TABLE 1______________________________________Appli-Vari-cable                    Cipher or TermablesGroups    Meanings       for Each Variable______________________________________A    II and    The number of cycles                         MultiplicativeIV                       1st Series *1B    II AND    Existence of nodal                         The term CYCLOIV        cyclesC    I to      The number of nodes                         MultiplicativeIV                       1st Series*1D    I, II     Size of cycle and                         The number ofand IV    unbranched chains,                         nodes and locants          and location of                         of branching          branching points                         pointsE    III       Length, location,                         The locant,          and stretching direction cipher          direction of   and the number of          ring-lines     ringsIV        Fusing site of rings                         The direction                         cipherF    I and     Kinds of atoms The terms *2IIIII       Kinds of atoms The terms *2;and IV                   CARB is omittedG    I and     Skeleton composed of                         The term ANII        atomsIII       Skeleton composed of                         The term ARENand IV    ringsH    I to      Without modification                         The term EIV        and substitution          With modification                         No term before          and/or substitution                         EN and YN                         The term O before                         others______________________________________*1 The variables A and C are multiplicatives of thefirst series as follows:   11 undeca 21     henicosa                           31   hentriaconta 2 di   12 dodeca 22     docosa 32   dotriaconta 3 tri  13 trideca             23     tricosa                           33   tritriaconta 4 tetra   14 tetradeca             24     tetracosa                           .    . 5 penta   15 pentadeca             25     pentacosa                           .    . 6 hexa   16 hexadeca             26     hexacosa                           .    . 7 hepta   17 heptadeca             27     heptacosa                           40   tetraconta - 8 octa  18                                octadeca 28 octacosa 50 pnetaconta -                                9 nona  19 nonadeca 29 nonacosa 60 he                                xaconta 10 deca   20 icosa  30     triaconta                           70   heptaconta                           80   octaconta                           90   nonaconta100 hecta  400 tetracta             700    heptacta                           1000 kilia200 dicta  500 pentacta             800    octacta                           2000 dilia300 tricta  600 hexacta             900    nonacta                           3000 trilia*2 Terms denoting elements are: C = carb, Si = Sil, Ge = germ,Sn = stann, Pb = plumb, B = bor, N = az, P = phosph,As = ars, Sb = stib, Bi = bismuth, Hg = mercur, O = ox,S = sulf, Se = sel, Te = tell, Po = pol, F = flour, Cl = chlor,Br = brom, I = iod, At = astst. 
    
     (2) The Modification of Fundamental Skeletons 
     Modification has the following functions: 
     a. change of bonding stage between skeletal atoms. 
     b. Addition or deletion of skeletal atoms. 
     c. Partial exchange of skeletal atoms with atoms of other kinds of elements 
     Modification of a fundamental skeleton is described by citing the variables in the next formula according to Table 2. ##EQU4## 
     
                       TABLE 2______________________________________ Appli-Vari- cable                   Cipher or Termables Groups  Meanings        for Each Variable______________________________________I     I to IV Modified position of                         Locants in the         the fundamental fundamental         skeleton        skeletonJ     I to IV The number of   Multiplicative         identical       1st Series *1         modificationsK             Kinds of modifications I, II   Change of a single                         The term                                --         bond to a double                         EN         bond I, II   Change of a single                         The term                                --         bond to a triple                         YN         bond III     Hydrogenative   --     The term         deletion of an atom    DELE         of an internal ring III     Hydrogenative   --     The term         deletion of a bond     SEC         of an internal ring III, IV Insertion of an atom                         --     The tern         in a periferical       HOM         bond III, IV Deletion of a non-                         --     The term         angular periferical    NOR         atom III, IV Linking two ring                         --     The term         atoms                  CYCL III, IV Change of a double                         --     The term         bond to a triple       DEHYDR         bond III, IV Change of a double                         --     The term         bond to a single       HYDR         bond III, IV Exchange of a   --     The term         skeletal atom by       for         another kind of        element         atom                   *2L     I to IV Without more    The term                                The term         modifications or                         E      ADE         substitutions         With further    No term after NOR         modification and/or                         The term A after         substitutions   the terms for                         elements                         The term O after                         other terms______________________________________ 
    
     3. Choice of the Core among the Components 
     The core is chosen among the components by applying the following criteria in the described order until the decision is made. The choice goes to the component 
     a. whose Group number is the largest; 
     b. whose variable A denoted by a multiplicative is the largest; 
     c. whose variable C denoted by a multiplicative is the largest; 
     d. whose series of variables ##EQU5## is prior; 
     e. whose series of variable ##EQU6## is prior; 
     The priority of the series ##EQU7## is defined as in the following. 
     When the series ##EQU8## is compared variable to variable, that one is prior which contains the prior variable prescribed by the following criteria on the occasion of the first difference. 
     a. The larger number denoting size, or length is prior. 
     b. The smaller locant is prior. 
     c. That cipher denoting direction is prior which precedes in alphabetical order. 
     d. A variable is prior to a variable which constitutes the first part of the former variable. 
     4. Composition of Names of Compounds 
     Components other than the core are all substituting components. The bonding relations among the core and the substituting components are as in the following example: ##STR1## A compound is named by citing first the core, then the substituting components one by one from the one attached to the core to the terminal one of every branch, processing in alphabetical order of the name at each branching point. ##EQU9## 
     The core is the component preceding those substituting components which are attached to it. A substituting component can also be the preceding component of other substituting components which attach to it and are not located between it and the core. A substituting component is the subsidiary substituting components of their preceding substituting components. 
     The name of the core is designated by the name of the component. 
     5. Naming Substituting Components 
     Each substituting component is named by citing the variables in the next formula according to Table 3. ##EQU10## 
     
                       TABLE 3______________________________________Vari-                    Cipher or Termables Meanings           for Each Variable______________________________________α Points in the preceding                    The locant in the component to which the                    preceding component substituting component is bondedβ The number of identical                    Multiplicative 1st substituting components                    Series *1γ The number of identical                    Multiplicative 2nd bonds between the  Series *3 substituting component and the preceding componentδ Kinds of bonds with which the substituting component is bonded with the preceding component: a. Single valence bond                    The term YL b. Double valence bond                    The term YLIDEN c. Triple valence bond                    The term YLIDYNε Points in the substituting                    The locant in the component from which the                    substituting valence bonds stretch out                    component to the preceding component______________________________________*3 The following is the list of the multiplicatives ofthe second series.2   bi      8     octoni 14  quaterdeni                                20  viceni3   ter     9     noveni 15  quideni 21  unviceni4   quater  10    deni   16  sedeni  30  terceni5   quini   11    undeni 17  septedeni                                40  quaterceni6   seni    12    duodeni                    18  octodeni                                50  quiceni7   septeni 13    terdeni                    19  novedeni                                60  seceni 
    
     6. Naming Monoatomic Substituting Components 
     Monoatomic fundamental skeletons can be denoted by the variable F out of variables A to L, because they are composed of one skeletal atom and cannot be modified. Thus, that substituting component with subsidiary substituents which are derived from a monoatomic fundamental skeleton is denoted by formula (5) with variable F instead of ##EQU11## 
     In the case of unsubstituted substituents derived from monoatomic fundamental skeletons, substituting components are named by citing the variables in the next formula according to the Tables 3 and 4. ##EQU12## 
     
                       TABLE 4______________________________________Vari-                       Term for Eachables    Meanings           Variable______________________________________δ&#39; Kinds of bonds with which    the substituting component    is bonded with the    preceding component:    a. Single valence bond                       The term ANT    b. Double valence bond                       The term ENT    c. Triple valence bond                       The term INT______________________________________ 
    
     7. Complex Variables 
     Variables D, E, I, α, and ε, which are not defined in detail earlier, are composed of elemental variables as follows: 
     (1) Elemental Variables 
     Elemental variables R and S denote locants of nodes, i.e., of skeletal atoms or rings, and T denotes locants of atoms in the nodal ring. 
     Elemental variable U denotes the locant of the originating nodal ring in the case of Group III as shown below: ##STR2## 
     The originating ring is the ring at which the numbering of rings in the ring-line begins, and is defined as the left-end ring of a lateral ring-line, or the ring of an oblique ring-line nearest to the main ring-line. 
     The reference ring which determines the locant and the direction cipher of a ring-line is (i) that previously numbered ring of the oblique ring-line, or (ii) the left-end ring of that previously numbered lateral ring-line, to which the said ring-line is fused. 
     When skeletal nodes are hexagonal rings, there are more than one fusing cite of nodes, which are denoted by the variable V. In the case of Group III, the sprouting directions of the ring-line are defined A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H as shown below, and in the case of Group IV, the fusing cite of nodes in a monoliform cycle is defined as M, P, and V as shown below. ##STR3## Elemental variable W denotes the number of nodes, i.e. of skeletal atoms or rings. 
     (2) Variable D--(a) Size and Locants of Unbranched Chains. 
     In the case of Group I, the length and locant of an unbranched chain of nodes are denoted by the variable D. This variable is composed of two elemental veriables R and W as ##EQU13## where W a  indicates the number of nodes of the a-th chain, while R a  indicates the locant of the node, from which the a-th chain sprouts out. Locants are defined as follows 
     First, the longest unbranched chain in the fundamental skeleton is defined as the main chain, and its nodes are consecutively given locants from 1 beginning at one end so as to give the lowest series of locants of the branching nodes. 
     Next, the nodes of branches sprouting out from the main chain are given locants consecutively following the locants of the main chain, branch by branch in the increasing order of their locants, i.e., the locants of the nodes in the main chain from which the branches sprout out. 
     The example shows the numbering of the nodes and matrix of the variable D a . The elemental variable R 1  is always omitted, because the main chain is not branched out from another chain. ##STR4## Therefore, the series of D a  is ##EQU14## 
     (3) Variable D--(b) Size and Locants of Cycles and Bridges. 
     In the cases of Groups III and IV, the size and locants of a cycle or a bridge of nodes are denoted by the variable D. This variable is composed of three elemental variables as ##EQU15## where W a  indicates the number of nodes of the a-th unbranched chain composing a cycle or a bridge, and R a  and S a  indicate locants of the nodes to which both end-nodes of the a-th chain are bound. Locants are defined as follows. 
     First, the nodes of the largest cycle (called the main cycle) are consecutively given locants from 1 so as to give the lowest series of locants of the bridgehead nodes (the nodes branching out bridges). 
     Next, the nodes of bridges (unbranched or branched) are consecutively given locants one by one following the node locants of the main cycle, in the increasing order of the series of locants of the bridgehead nodes (if there are more than two locants, the series of the two lowest locants) of bridges. Nodes of each unbranched chain are given locants from the end bound to the lower numbered node. 
     The examples show the numbering of nodes and the matrix of the variables D a . As the elemental variable R 1  is always 1, and S 1  =W 1 , R 1  and S 1  are omitted in the series of variable D 1 . ##STR5## 
     Therefore, the series of the variables D a  of the examples are ##EQU16## respectively. 
     (4) Variable E--(a) The Case of Group III 
     Ring-lines of Group III are denoted by the variable E, which is composed of three elemental variables U, V, and W as ##EQU17## where W e , U e , and V e  indicate the number of rings in the e-th ring-line, the locant of the originating ring of the e-th ring-line, and the sprouting direction of the e-th ring-line, respectively. 
     Rings of ring-line are numbered as follows: 
     First, the longest ring-line in the fundamental skeleton is defined as the main ring-line, and its rings are consecutively numbered from 1 beginning at one end so as to give the prior series of the variables U+V of ring-lines fusing to the main ring-line. 
     Next, rings of each ring cluster fusing to the main ring-line are consecutively numbered cluster by cluster following the ring-numbers of the main ring-line, in the prior order of U+V. 
     The example shows the numbering of ring-nodes and the matrix of the variable E e . The elemental variables U 1  and V 1  are always omitted, because the main ring-line has no previously numbered ring-line, and the direction cipher of the main ring-line is always A. ##STR6## 
     Therefore, the series of [E e  ] is ##EQU18## 
     (5) Variable E--(b) The Case of Group IV. 
     The fusing site of the rings of Group IV is denoted by the variable E, which is indicated by the elemental variable V as 
     
         E.sub.e =V.sub.e 
    
     The series of variable V e  is described in the order or ring-numbers defined in section 7(3) variable D. The ring-numbers of the following two examples correspond to the node-numbers of the first example in 7(3). ##STR7## Therefore, the series of variables ##EQU19## of these examples are 
     
         [VPPMMPPPMMPPVPPMMVMMVMMPP.P] 
    
     and 
     
         [VPPMMPPPMMPPVPPMMMVVMMMPP.P], 
    
     respectively. Variables E e  are separated by each other with a period. These ciphers are rewritten by using 
     Arabic numerals to indicate the number of times of the identical ciphers are repeated. 
     
         [1.sup.V 2.sup.PM 3.sup.P 2.sup.MP 1.sup.V 2.sup.PM 1.sup.V 2.sup.M 1.sup.V 2.sup.MP.1.sup.P ] 
    
     and 
     
         [1.sup.V 2.sup.PM 3.sup.P 2.sup.MP 1.sup.V 2.sup.P 3.sup.M 2.sup.V 3.sup.M 2.sup.P.1.sup.P ], 
    
     respectively. 
     The variable E for a monocycle is cited as prior as possible. The third example is denoted as 
     
         [5.sup.P 1.sup.MPM 2.sup.P 1.sup.M 2.sup.P 1.sup.M 2.sup.P 1.sup.MPM ] 
    
     (6) Variables I, α, and ε 
     These variables denote locants, and locants of modification are denoted by the variable I. 
     When the modification is bipedal, cited by EN, YN, SEC, CYCL, or DEHYDR, the variable I is indicated by two elemental variables, as 
     
         I=R:S 
    
     and locants for point modification, DELE, HOM, NOR, HYDR, or HETER citing the replacement of skeletal atoms by hetero atoms, are indicated by an elemental variable, as 
     
         I=R 
    
     In the series of variable ##EQU20## for identical modifications, I&#39;s are separated with a comma from each other. 
     The following examples show locants of modification EN, and HETER modification, respectively. ##STR8## 
     Variables α and ε denoting locants of free valence bonds are indicated similarly to I. 
     8. GENERAL STRUCTURE OF COMPUTERIZED SYSTEM FOR NOTATION 
     In order to implement the aforementioned notation process for chemical compounds, the preferred computer system comprises a computer 100, an input unit 110, a printer 122 and/or a display 124, and external storage such as data storage 132 for storing names and corresponding chemical formulae as previously named, program storage 134 and table storage 136, as shown in FIG. 1. As is well known, the computer 100 includes an input/output (I/O) unit 108, a central processing unit (CPU) 102, a random-access memory (RAM) 104 and a read-only-memory (ROM) 106. The input unit 110 comprises a graphic input unit 112 for performing data input in the form of chemical formulae and a text input unit 114 for performing data input in the form of alphanumeric characters. 
     FIG. 2 shows an example of a display 124 adapted for graphic input. As seen in FIG. 2, during graphic input mode, the display 124 is divided into a major area 1241 in which the chemical formula input is displayed, a text line 1242 in which the name of the compound in accordance with the present invention is displayed, and a column 1243 showing the various possible segments of chemical compounds which may be selected to form the input chemical formula. 
     The table storage 136 stores various tables, i.e. Tables 5 to 31-2 as disclosed later, used in implementing the computerized notation process according to the present invention. The tables are accessed during the naming process according to a notation program which will be set out with reference to FIG. 4 later. 
     Before describing the computerized notation process of FIG. 4, a general discussion concerning application of the system of FIG. 1 will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 3, in which the general flowchart of selection of application mode of the system of FIG. 1 is illustrated. In the shown general flow, the graphic input and text input can be done in a step 1002. Depending on the type of input and according to the demand contained in input, the system performs three modes, i.e. APPLICATION A, APPLICATION B AND APPLICATION C, of operations. Mode selection is performed at steps 1004 and 1006. 
     Application mode A (step 1008) is adapted to  perform index search for locating similar structure of a chemical compound in the already known compounds which data is stored in the data storage. In order to enter the operation in Application mode A, the text input 114 is performed for entry of the name given by the notation process according to the invention. 
     Application mode B (step 1010) is to give a name for a newly developed chemical compound. In this case, the chemical formula of the compound is entered by the graphic input 112. 
     Application mode C (step 1012) is adapted to access the chemical formula by inputting the already known name of the chemical compound. 
     One of the aforementioned nodes can be selected by inputting a command through the text input 1002. 
     FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the notation program which assigns names to chemical compounds according to the preferred process as set out above. In the preferred embodiment, the chemical structure is input graphically immediately after starting execution, at a step 1202. The input chemical structure is broken down at a step 1204 into its individual constituent elements, radicals and carbon groups, according to which the fundamental structure is classified into one of the groups set out in the foregoing sub-sections 1 to 5, at a step 1206. According to the classification of the fundamental structure derived in the step 1206, a connection table, examples of which have been shown in FIGS. 5-1(A) to 5-5(I), is prepared at a step 1208. 
     It should be noted that, in FIGS. 5-1(A) to 5-5(I), the number of the table identifies the numbering of atoms other than hydrogen atoms in the object compound. The order to number is standerized according to the predetermined rule, so that, a canonical connection table can be obtained. As will be seen from FIGS. 5-1(A) to 5-5(I), more than one connection table can be usually established for the object compound, because the order to number and traditional nomenclature rule are not related. For example, in the case of an aromatic compound, deletion or insertions of node are needed, so that, although they are analog compounds, they begin to have different node numbers. This is exemplified in FIG. 5-1(B). In order to avoid this, blank-nodes are used as shown in FIG. 5-1(A). 
     Connection tables are essentially triangular matrices with rows and columns both being assigned to each of the non-hydrogen elements of the compound. The cells at which the row and column indices match identify the element at that point, e.g. the 1--1 cell reads &#34;c&#34;, meaning a carbon atom. The remaining columns for each row designate the presence or absence of a connection between the row-indexed element and the column-indexed element and the strength of the connection (+1 means a single bond and so forth). This is explained in greater detail later. 
     Step 1210 prepares one row of the connection table from the input formula. Step 1212 checks to see if the last row, i.e. the last major atom, has been completed and if not, returns control to step 1210 to fill in the next row. The steps 1210 and 1212 are repeated until all of the major components have been identified and cross-connected and entered into the connection table. 
     After the connection table is completed by repeating the steps 1210 and 1212, the resultant name is derived according to the inventive nomenclature system and displayed on the text line 1242 of the display 124 or, alternatively, output as a print-out by the printer 122. 
     The procedure for preparation of the connection table is disclosed in sub-section 9, in which tables stored in the table storage 136 are also illustrated. 
     9. The method of preparation of the connection table for the computer processing 
     Using the name on this nomenclature system, the connection table which is usually used for the computer graphics of the organic compounds can be prepared by the following method. 
     The connection table has the form of a zero matrix which has plural rows and columns. All matrix elements other than the diagonal matrix elements are used to mean the bonding number between an atom and another atom, and the diagonal matrix elements are used to mean the species of the atoms. 
     Each matrix row number relates to the sequential number of the atom of the organic compound which is to be treated by this method (other than the hydrogens) and is given in the following process. Each matrix column number is also given. 
     The process is carried out in the order of the name of the components (previous section 2) in the complete name of the compound. 
     Making the full connection table becomes an easy way to convert the name of the components to each connection table. 
     To simplify this explanation, the following variables are used. 
     [X, Y]: the matrix element X-th row, Y-th column 
     [A] to [W]: variables described previous sections 
     a: a-th element of variable [D] 
     b: maximum number of element of variable [D] 
     c: c-th element of variable [E] 
     d: maximum number of element of variable [E] 
     x: variable to use calculation, means that processing is carried about x-th element of variable [D] or variable [E] 
     TN(xx,yy) means ##EQU21## xx: value of start yy: value of final 
     The method of converting the fundamental skeleton to the matrix must be selected by the case of variables-combination according to the table 5. 
     
                       TABLE 5______________________________________variable [A]      variable [B]  meaning  method______________________________________none       &#34;AN&#34;          group-I  (1)&#34;CYCLO&#34;    &#34;AN&#34;          group-II (2)none       &#34;AREN&#34;        group-III                             (3)&#34;CYCLO&#34;    &#34;AREN&#34;        group-IV (4)______________________________________ 
    
     (1) The method (1) 
     [X, Y] and the value of the matrix element are given according to the table 6 using variable [E] of which element has the form ( Rc  Wc). 
     
                       TABLE 6______________________________________value of X       value of Y value of [X, Y]______________________________________from 2 to TN(c=1,d)            X-1        1TN(c=1,x) 1&lt;=x&lt;=c-1            X-1        01+TN(c-1,x) 2&lt;=x&lt;=c            X-1        1______________________________________ 
    
     (2) The method (2) 
     [X, Y] and the value of the matrix element are given according to the table 7 using variable [D] of which element has the form ( Ra:Sa  Wc). 
     
                       TABLE 7______________________________________value of X        value of Y                       value of [X, Y]______________________________________from 2 to TN(a=1,b)             X-1       11+TN(a=1,x) 1&lt;=x&lt;=c-1             X-1       0W.sub.1           1         1TN(a=1,x) 2&lt;=x&lt;=b Rx        1Sx 2&lt;=x&lt;=b        TN(a=1,x) 1______________________________________ 
    
     (3) The method (3) 
     [X, Y] and the value of the element are given according to the information of variable [E] of which the element has the form ( Uc-U&#39;c , Vc Wc). 
     In any case of group-III, the first element which means c=1 should be done according to the table 8. 
     
                       TABLE 8______________________________________value of X       value of Y value of [X, Y]______________________________________6                1          9from 2 to 6      X-1        9from 8(y-1)+2 to X-1        98(y-1)+42&lt;=y&lt;=W.sub.18(y-1)+1 2&lt;=y&lt;=W.sub.1            X-7        98(y-1)+4 2&lt;=y&lt;=W.sub.1            X-9        9______________________________________ 
    
     Next processing is selected according to the value of Vc, and then the value of c is from 2 to d, so that the range of x is from 2 to d. 
     1st processing is according to the table 9. 
     
                                           TABLE 9__________________________________________________________________________                         value of                              value ofUx value of X                 Y    [X,Y]__________________________________________________________________________&#34;A&#34;   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 2             0 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 1             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 7                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 6      X - 5                              9&#34;B&#34;   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 6             0 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 5                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 2             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y +  3             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 3             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 9                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 6             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 9                              9&#34;C&#34;   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 2             0 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 6             0 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 5                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 6             0 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 7                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 2             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 9                              9&#34;D&#34;   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 2      x - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 6             0 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 5                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 6             0 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 5             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 1             1 &lt;  = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 3                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 4             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 7                              9&#34;E&#34;   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 4      X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 6             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 5                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 6             0 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 5             0 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 1             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 3                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 4             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 7                              9&#34;F&#34;   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 4             0 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 5             0 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 6             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 3             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 7                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 6             1 &lt; = y &lt;  = Wx - 1                         X - 9                              9&#34;G&#34;   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 3             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 4             0 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 5             0 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 6             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 2             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 7                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 5             1 &lt;  = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 9                              9&#34;H&#34;   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 4             0 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 1                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 4             1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                         X - 9                              9   8TN(C = 1, x - 1) + 5      X - 1                              9__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     2nd processing is selected by the case of value Vx according to table 10. 
     
                       TABLE 10______________________________________  value of Vx          method______________________________________  &#34;A&#34;     (a)  &#34;B&#34; or &#34;C&#34;          (b)  &#34;D&#34;     (d)  &#34;E&#34;     (e)  &#34;F&#34; or &#34;G&#34;          (f)  &#34;H&#34;     (h)______________________________________ 
    
     The method (a) 
     If Wx=U&#39;x then the connection table is completed according to the table 11, and in other cases the processing is continued after treating of table 11. 
     
                                           TABLE 11__________________________________________________________________________                             value                                  value ofcase   value of X                 of Y [X, Y]__________________________________________________________________________U&#39; x &gt; = 2  8TN(c = 1, x - 1) + y                 5 &lt; = y &lt; = 6                             X - 1                                  9  8TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 3                 0 &lt; = y &lt; = U&#39; x - 2                             X - 1                                  9  8TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 4                 0 &lt; = y &lt; = U&#39; x - 2                             X - 1                                  9  8TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 4                 1 &lt; = y &lt; = U&#39; x - 1                             X - 9                                  9  8TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 8(U&#39; x - 2) + 3                             8Ux - 2                                  9  8TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 8(U&#39; x - 1) + 2                             8Ux - 7                                  9U&#39; x = 1  8TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 6      X - 7                                  9  8TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 2      8Ux - 7                                  9  8TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 5      8Ux - 2                                  9U&#39; x = 0  8TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 6      8Ux - 7                                  9__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     If Ux=TN(c=1, x-1) then the connection table is completed by the method according to the table 12. And in other cases the table 12 is not used. 
     
                                           TABLE 12__________________________________________________________________________                          value                               value ofvalue of X                     of Y [X,Y]__________________________________________________________________________8TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 3           U&#39; x &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                          X - 1                               98TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 4           U&#39; x + 1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                          X - 1                               98TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 4           U&#39; x + 1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                          X - 9                               98TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 8U&#39; x + 3  8Ux - 6                               9__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     If 8TN(c=1, x-1)-Ux&gt;=Wx-U&#39;x then the processing is done according to table 13 and in another case according to Table 14. 
     
                       TABLE 13______________________________________                         Value ofValue of X        Value of Y  [X, Y]______________________________________8TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 2             8(Ux + y) + 1                         9U&#39; x &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1______________________________________ 
    
     
                                           TABLE 14__________________________________________________________________________                                   Value                                   ofValue of X                  Value of Y  [X,Y]__________________________________________________________________________8TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 2  8(Ux + y) + 1                                   9U&#39; x &lt; = y &lt; = 8TN(c = 1, x - 1) - Ux + U&#39; x8TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 3  X - 1       98TN(c = 1, x - 1) - Ux + U&#39; x &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 18TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 4  X - 1       98TN(c = 1, x - 1) - Ux + U&#39; x + 1 &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 18TN(c = 1, x - 1) + 8y + 3  8TN(c = 1, x - 1) - 6                                   9y = 8TN(c = 1, x - 1) - Ux + U&#39; x__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     The method (b). 
     [X, Y] and the value of the matrix are given by the case of value of Ux and U&#39;x such as table 15. 
     
                                           TABLE 15__________________________________________________________________________                            Value                            ofCase         Value of X   Value of Y                            [X, Y]__________________________________________________________________________U&#39;x &gt; = 1    8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 6                     X - 1  9        8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 5                     8Ux - 2                            9        8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 2                     8Ux - 7                            9Ux = 8TN(c = 1,x - 1)        8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 3                     X - 1  9        8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 4                     8Ux - 6                            9        8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 6                     8Ux - 7                            9U&#39;x = 0 and  8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 6                     8Ux - 7                            9Ux &lt; 8TN(c = 1,x - 1)        8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 2                     8Ux + 1                            9__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     The method (d) 
     [X, Y] and the value of the matrix element are given according to table 16. 
     
                       TABLE 16______________________________________Value of X       Value of Y                      Value of [X, Y]______________________________________8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 3            X - 9     98TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 4            X - 6     9______________________________________ 
    
     The method (e) 
     [X, y] and the value of the matrix element are given according to the table 17. 
     
                       TABLE 17______________________________________Value of X       Value of Y                      Value of [X, Y]______________________________________8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 1            X - 4     98TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 2            X - 6     9______________________________________ 
    
     The method (f) 
     [X, Y] and the value of the matrix are given by the case of value of Ux and U&#39;x such as table 18. 
     
                                           TABLE 18__________________________________________________________________________        Value of     Value of                           Value ofCase         X            Y     [X, Y]__________________________________________________________________________U&#39;x &gt; = 1    8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 6                     X - 1 9        8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 6                     8Ux - 3                           9        8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 3                     8Ux - 4                           9Ux = 8TN(c = 1,x - 1)        8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 3                     X - 1 9        8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 2                     8Ux - 5                           9        8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 5                     8Ux - 4                           9U&#39;x = 0 and  8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 6                     8Ux - 4                           9Ux &lt; 8TN(c = 1,x - 1)        8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 2                     8Ux + 4                           9__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     The method (h) 
     If Wx=U&#39;x then the connection table is complicated according to the table 19, and in other cases the processing is continued after treating of table 19. 
     
                                           TABLE 19__________________________________________________________________________                           Value                                Value                           of   ofCase  Value of X                Y    [X, Y]__________________________________________________________________________U&#39;x &gt; = 2 8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 6      X - 5                                9 8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 6      X - 1                                9 8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 8y + 3 0 &lt; = y &lt; = U&#39;x - 2                           X - 1                                9 8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 8y + 2 0 &lt; = y &lt; = U&#39;x - 2                           X - 1                                9 8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 8y + 1 1 &lt; = y &lt; = U&#39;x - 1                           X - 7                                9 8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 8(U&#39;x - 2) +2                           8Ux - 3                                9 8TN(c = 1,x - 1) +  8(U&#39;x - 1) + 3                           8Ux - 4                                9U&#39;x = 1 8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 6      X - 1                                9 8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 6      8Ux - 3                                9 8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 3      8Ux - 4                                9U&#39;x = 0 8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 5      8Ux - 4                                9__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     If Ux=TN(c=1, x-1) then the connection table is complicated by the method according to the table 20. And in other cases the table 20 is neglected. 
     
                                           TABLE 20__________________________________________________________________________                       Value                            Value ofValue of X                  of Y [X, Y]__________________________________________________________________________8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 8y + 3 U&#39;x&lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 1                       X - 1                            98TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 8y + 2 U&#39;x + 1 &lt;= y &lt; = Wx - 1                       X - 1                            98TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 8y + 1 U&#39;x + 1 &lt;= y &lt; = Wx - 1                       X - 7                            98TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 8U&#39;x + 2 8Ux - 5                            9__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     If 8TN(c=1, x-1)-Ux&gt;=Wx-U&#39;x then the processing is done according to table 21 and in another case according to table 22. 
     
                                           TABLE 21__________________________________________________________________________                       Value   Value ofValue of X                  of Y    [X, Y]__________________________________________________________________________8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 8y + 3 U&#39;x &lt;= y &lt;= Wx - 1                       8(Ux + y) + 4                               9__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     
                                           TABLE 22__________________________________________________________________________                                   Value                                   ofValue of X                  Value of Y  [X, Y]__________________________________________________________________________8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 8y + 3   8(Ux + y) + 4                                   9U&#39;x &lt;= y &lt;= 8TN(c = 1,x - 1) - Ux + U&#39;x8TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 8y + 3   X - 1       98TN(c = 1,x - 1) - Ux + U&#39;x &lt; = y &lt; = Wx - 18TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 8y + 2   X - 1       98TN(c = 1,x - 1) - Ux + U&#39;x + 1 &lt;= y &lt; = Wx - 18TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 8y + 1   X - 7       98TN(c = 1,x - 1) - Ux + U&#39;x + 1 &lt;=  y &lt; = Wx - 18TN(c = 1,x - 1) + 8y + 2   8TN(c = 1,x - 1) - 5                                   9y = 8TN(c = 1,x - 1) - Ux + U&#39;x__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     (4) The method (4) 
     [X, Y] and the value of the matrix element are given by the information of variable [D] of which the element has the form [Ra:Sa Wa  ] and variable [E] of which the element has the form (Vc). 
     In this case variable [z] is used, and z means z-th element of variable [E]. 
     
         1&lt;=z&lt;=d 
    
     At first, the processing is done according to the table 23. 
     
                       TABLE 23______________________________________                           Value ofValue of X            Value of Y                           [X,Y]______________________________________6                     1         9y 6 &lt; = y &lt; = 5       X - 1     98(z - 1) + 4 1 &lt; = y &lt; = d                 X - 1     98(z - 1) + 3 1 &lt; = z &lt; = d                 X - 1     98(z - 1) + 2 1 &lt; = z &lt; = d                 X - 1     98TN(a - 1,x) - 2 1 &lt; = x &lt; = b                 X - 1     08TN(a = 1,x) - 3 1 &lt; = x &lt; = b                 X - 1     08TN(a = 1,x) - 4 1 &lt; = x &lt; = b                 X - 1     08TN(a = 1,x - 1) + 2 2 &lt; = x &lt; =  b                 X - 1     08TN(a = 1,x - 1) + 3 2 &lt; = x &lt; = b                 X - 1     08TN(a = 1,x - 1) + 4 2 &lt; = x &lt; = b                 X - 1     0______________________________________ 
    
     2nd processing is selected by the value of the Vz according to the table 25. But in the case of following values of z, the processing may not be done. 
     z=8TN(a=1, x)+1, 1&lt;=x&lt;=b-1 
     z=8TN(a=1, x), 1&lt;=x&lt;=b 
     
                       TABLE 25______________________________________Value of    Value of   Value of Value ofVz          X          Y        [X, Y]______________________________________&#34;V&#34;         8z + 1     8z - 7   9       8z + 4     8z - 6   9&#34;P&#34;         8x + 1     8z - 6   9       8z + 4     8z - 5   9&#34;M&#34;         8z + 1     8z - 5   9       8z + 4     8z - 4   9______________________________________ 
    
     The processing is done about 1st-Wx according to table 26. 
     
                       TABLE 26______________________________________Value of   Value of   Value of  Value of                               Value ofVz      Vz         X         Y      [X, Y]______________________________________&#34;V&#34;     every case 8z-4      8z-5   9              8z-4      5      9   &#34;V&#34;        8z-7      8z-15  0              8z-15     6      9   &#34;P&#34;        8z-7      8z-14  0              8z-14     6      9   &#34;M&#34;        8z-7      8z-13  0              8z-13     6      9&#34;P&#34;     every case 8z-7      6      9              8z-4      5      9&#34;M&#34;     every case 8z-6      8z-7   9              8z-6      6      9   &#34;V&#34;        8z-4      8z-14  0              8z-14     5      9   &#34;P&#34;        8z-4      8z-13  0              8z-13     5      9   &#34;M&#34;        8z-4      8z-12  0              8z-12     5      9______________________________________ 
    
     In the case Wx=0, the processing is done according to the table 27. 
     
                       TABLE 27______________________________________Value of    Value of   Value of Value ofV.sub.Sx    X          Y        [X, Y]______________________________________every case  8Sx-4      8Sx-5    0       8Sx-5      8Sx-6    0       8Sx-6      8Rx-4    9&#34;V&#34;         8Sx-4      8Sx-14   0       8Sx-14     8Rx-5    9&#34;P&#34;         8Sx-4      8Sx-13   0       8Sx-13     8Rx-5    9&#34;M&#34;         8Sx-4      8Sx-12   0       8Sx-12     8Rx-5    9______________________________________ 
    
     In the case Wx=1, the processing is done according to the table 28 or the table 29. 
     If R&#39;x is none then the processing is done according to the table 28-1 and the table 28-2. 
     
                       TABLE 28-1______________________________________Value Value                            Valueof    of                               ofS&#39;x   V.sub.TN(a=1,x)            Value of X  Value of Y                                  [X,Y]______________________________________none  &#34;V&#34;        8Sx-4       8Rx-5     9            8TN(a=1,x)-5                        8Sx-5     9            8TN(a=1,x)-4                        8TN(a=1,x)-5                                  9            8TN(a=1,x)-4                        8Rx-4     9 &#34;P&#34;        8TN(a=1,x)-7                        8Rx-5     9            8TN(a=1,x)-7                        8Sx-4     9            8TN(a=1,x)-4                        8Rx-4     9            8TN(a=1,x)-4                        8Sx-5     9 &#34;M&#34;        8TN(a=1,x)-7                        8Rx-5     9            8TN(a=1,x)-6                        8TN(a-1,x)-7                                  9            8TN(a=1,x)-6                        8Sx-4     9            8Sx-5       8Rx-4     9______________________________________ 
    
     
                       TABLE 28-2______________________________________Value Value      Value             Value Valueof    of         of                of    ofS&#39;x   V.sub.TN(a=1,x)            V.sub.Sx                    Value of X                              Y     [X,Y]______________________________________Sx+1  &#34;V&#34;        every   8TN(a=1,x)-4                              8S&#39;x-4                                    9            case    8TN(a=1,x)-4                              8Rx-4 9            &#34;V&#34;     8Sx-5     8Rx-5 9            &#34;P&#34;     8Sx-4     8Rx-5 9 &#34;P&#34;        every   8TN(a=1,x)-7                              8Rx-5 9            case    8S&#39;x-4    8Rx-4 9            &#34;V&#34;     8TN(a=1,x)-7                              8Sx-5 9            &#34;P&#34;     8TN(a=1,x)-7                              8Sx-4 9______________________________________ 
    
     If S&#39;x is none then the processing is done according to the table 29. 
     
                       TABLE 29______________________________________ ValueValue of       Value   Value       Value Valueof    VTN      of      of          of    ofR&#39;x   (a=1,x)  VRx     X           Y     [X,Y]______________________________________Rx+1  &#34;P&#34;      every   8R&#39;x-4      8Sx-4 9          case    8TN(a=1,x)-3                              8Sx-5 9          &#34;V&#34;     8TN(a=1,x)-3                              8Rx-5 9          &#34;P&#34;     8TN(a=1,x)-3                              8Rx-4 9 &#34;M&#34;      every   8TN(a=1,x)-6                              8Sx-4 9          case    8TN(a=1,x)-6                              8R&#39;x-4                                    9          &#34;V&#34;     8Sx-4       8Rx-5 9          &#34;P&#34;     8Sx-4       8Rx-4 9______________________________________ 
    
     In the case Wx&gt;=2, the processing is done according to following tables. 
     The table 30-1 is applied to the processing of {TN(a=1, x-1)+1}th Vz, where 2&gt;=x&gt;=b and R&#39;x is none, and if R&#39;x=Rx+1 then according to the table 30-2. 
     
                                           TABLE 30-1__________________________________________________________________________Value                                   Valueof  Value of                            ofR&#39;x V.sub.TN(a=1,x-1)+1           Value of X  Value of Y  [X,Y]__________________________________________________________________________none    every case  8TN(a=1,x-1)+4                       8TN(a=1,x-1)+3                                   9           8TN(a=1,x-1)+3                       8TN(a=1,x-1)+2                                   9           8TN(a=1,x-1)+2                       8TN(a=1,x-1)+1                                   9           8TN(a=1,x-1)+4                       Rx-4        9           8TN(a=1,x-1)+1                       Rx-5        9    &#34;V&#34;         8TN(a=1,x-1)+1                       8TN(a=1,x-1)+9                                   9           8TN(a=1,x-1)+2                       8TN(a=1,x-1)+12                                   9    &#34;P&#34;         8TN(a=1,x-1)+2                       8TN(a=1,x-1)]                                   9           8TN(a=1,x-1)+3                       8TN(a=1,x-1)+12                                   9    &#34;M&#34;         8TN(a=1,x-1)+3                       8TN(a=1,x-1)+9                                   9           8TN(a=1,x-1)+4                       8TN(a=1,x-1)+12                                   9__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     
                                           TABLE 30-2__________________________________________________________________________Value ofValue    Value of  Value of                    Value of                          Value ofR&#39;x  of V.sub.Rx    V.sub.TN(a=1,x-1)+1              X     Y     [X, Y]__________________________________________________________________________Rx+1 every    every case              8TN(a=1,                    8TN(a=1,                          9case          x-1)+4                    x-1)+3              8TN(a=1,                    8TN(a=1,                          9              x-1)+3                    x-1)+2              8TN(a=1,                    8R&#39;x-4                          9              x-1)+2    &#34;P&#34;       8TN(a=1,                    8TN(a=1,                          9              x-1)+2                    x-1)+9              8TN(a=1,                    8TN(a=1,                          9              x-1)+3                    x-1)+12    &#34;M&#34;       8TN(a=1,                    8TN(a=1,                          9              x-1)+3                    x-1)+9              8TN(a=1,                    8TN(a=1,                          9              x-1)+4                    x-1)+12&#34;V&#34;           8TN(a=1,                    RX-5  9              x-1)+4&#34;N&#34;           8TN(a=1,                    RX-4  9              X-1)+4__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     The table 31-1 is applied to the processing of {TN(a=1, x)th Vz, where 2&gt;=x&gt;=b and S&#39;x is none, and if S&#39;x=Sx+1 then according to the table 31-2. 
     
                                           TABLE 31-1__________________________________________________________________________Value    Value   Value                    Valueof  of  of                       ofS&#39;x V.sub.Sx   V.sub.TN(a=1,x)         Value of X                   Value of Y                            [X,Y]__________________________________________________________________________none    &#34;V&#34; every 8TN(a=1,x)-5                   8Sx-4    9   case  8TN(a=1,x)-4                   8TN(a=1,x)-5                            9   &#34;V&#34;   8TN(a=1,x)-7                   8TN(a=1,x)-15                            0         8TN(a=1,x)-15                   8Sx-5    9   &#34;P&#34;   8TN(a=1,x)-7                   8TN(a=1,x)-14                            0         8TN(a=1,x)-14                   8Sx-5    9   &#34;M&#34;   8TN(a=1,x)-7                   8TN(a=1,x)-13                            0         8TN(a=1,x)-13                   8Sx-5    9    &#34;P&#34;       8TN(a=1,x)-7                   8Rx-4    9         8TN(a=1,x)-4                   8Rx-5    9    &#34;M&#34; every 8TN(a=1,x)-6                   8TN(a=1,x)-7                            9   case  8TN(a=1,x)-6                   8Rx-4    9   &#34;V&#34;   8TN(a=1,x)-4                   8TN(a=1,x)-14                            0         8TN(a=1,x)-13                   8Sx-5    9   &#34;P&#34;   8TN(a=1,x)-4                   8TN(a=1,x)- 13                            0         8TN(a=1,x)-14                   8Sx-5    9   &#34;M&#34;   8TN(a=1,x)-4                   8TN(a=1,x)-12                            0         8TN(a=1,x)-12                   8Sx-5    9__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     
                                           TABLE 31-2__________________________________________________________________________Value                 Value Value Valueof  Value of     Value of             Value                 of    of    ofS&#39;x V.sub.TN(a=1,x)     V.sub.TN(a=1,x)-1             of V.sub.Sx                 X     Y     [X,Y]__________________________________________________________________________Sx+1    &#34;V&#34;   every case  8TN(a=1,                       8S&#39;x-4                             9                 x)-4     &#34;V&#34;     every                 8TN(a=1,                       8TN(a=1,                             0             case                 x)-7  x)-15             &#34;V&#34; 8TN(a=1,                       8Sx-5 9                 x)-15             &#34;P&#34; 8TN(a=1,                       8Sx-4 9                 x)-15     &#34;P&#34;     every                 8TN(a=1,                       8TN(a=1,                             0             case                 x)-7  x)-14             &#34;V&#34; 8TN(a=1,                       8Sx-5 9                 x)-14             &#34;P&#34; 8TN(a=1,                       8Sx-4 9                 x)-14     &#34;M&#34;     every                 8TN(a=1,                       8TN(a=1,                             0             case                 x)-7  x)-13             &#34; V&#34;                 8TN(a=1,                       8Sx-5 9                 x)-13             &#34;P&#34; 8TN(a=1,                       8Sx-5 9                 x)-13    &#34;P&#34;   every case             &#34;V&#34; 8TN(a=1,                       8Sx-5 9                 x)-7             &#34;P&#34; 8TN(a=1,                       8Sx-4 9                 x)-7     &#34;V&#34;     every                 8TN(a=1,                       8TN(a=1,                             0             case                 x)-4  x)-14             &#34;V&#34; 8TN(a=1,                       8Sx-5 9                 x)-14             &#34;P&#34; 8TN(a=1,                       8Sx-4 9                 x)-14     &#34;P&#34;     every                 8TN(a=1,                       8TN(a=1,                             0             case                 x)-4  x)-13             &#34;V&#34; 8TN(a=1,                       8Sx-5 9                 x)-13             &#34;P&#34; 8TN(a=1,                       8Sx-4 9                 x)-13     &#34;M&#34;     every                 8TN(a=1,                       8TN(a=1,                             0             case                 x)-4  x)-12             &#34;V&#34; 8TN(a=1,                       8Sx-5 9                 x)-12             &#34;P&#34; 8TN(a=1,                       8Sx-4 9                 x)-12__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     EXAMPLES 
     1. The structures of 16 organic compounds and their names according to this nomenclature system are set forth immediately below as an illustration of the operation of this nomenclature system. The name of organic compounds of this nomenclature are following according to the FIG. 1. 
     1. deca[7 3  1 4  2]carbane 
     2. octa[6 3  2]carban-2-en-4-yne 
     3. octa[6 2  1 4  1]carban-4:8-ene 
     4. tricycloundeca[11 1:5  0 2:7  0]carbane 
     5. dicyclotrideca[12 1:7  1]carban-1,6,9-triene 
     6. undeca[5 1-1A  1 2C  2 8A  1 3G  2]arene 
     7. cycloocta[8 M  ]arene 
     8. dicyclohexacosa[26 1:13  1][1 V  2 PM  3 P  2 MP  1 V  2 P  3 M  2 V  3 M  2 P .1 P  ]arene 
     9. tetra[4]areno-2 6Z  -homo-3 4  -norade 
     10. tetra[4]areno-2 4 ,3 4  -dinorade 
     11. hexa[6]areno-1 6 ,2 4 ,3 4 ,4 4 ,5 4 ,6 4  -hexanor-1 4  :6 3  -cyclade 
     12. diareno-2:3-didehydrade 
     13. trideca[5 1A  4 1A  4]areno-2 2:3  -seco-5 3Z  -home-1 6  -nor-1 5 ,5 2/3Z  -tetrahydrade 
     14. tri[3]areno-1 6 ,3 4  -dinor-1 4 ,3 1  -dihydro-1 1 ,3 3  -diaza-1 4  -selena-3 1  -sulfade 
     15. dicycloheptadeca[16 1:9  1]carbano-1,4,6,9,12,14-hexaaza-3,7,10,16-tetrasulfade 
     16. cyclooctacarbano-1-(azayl-2-dicarbano-1-ylazylcarbazantazent) ##STR9## 
     2. The structures of 35 pharmaceutical compounds and their names according to the present nomenclature system are set forth immediately below. 
     1: bi[dicarbano-1-chlorant[-2,2&#39;-biylazcarbantoxent 
     2: tetra[4]carbano-1,4-diyloxylsulfbioxentcarbant 
     3: octa[5. 2  1. 2  1. 3  1]carbano-1,6-diyloxylcarbazantoxent 
     4: bi[cyclooctacarbano-1-(azayl-2-dicarbano-1-ylazylcarbazant-azent)]sulfate 
     5: ter[tricarbanoaza]-1,1&#39;,1&#34;-terylphosphsulfent 
     6: cyclohexacarbano-1-aza-3-oxa-2-(phosphaoxentylazdiyl-2-dicarbano-1-chlorant) 
     7: dicyclodeca[6. 1:1  4]carbano-4,7,9-triaza-10-oxent-7-ylarene-4-yl-4-tetra[4]carbano-1-(oxentyl-4-areno-1-fluorant) 
     8: bi[norareno-1-(hydrosulfa)]-2,2&#39;-biylcarbyliden-5-cyclohexacarbano-1-azaium-1,1-bicarbant-3-yloxcarbant 
     9: nordiareno-1/3-trihydro-1,3-diaza-2-oxent-1-yl-6-cyclohexa-carbano-1-(azayl-4-tetra[4]carbano-1,1-diyl-4-areno-1-fluorant) 
     10: bi[cyclopentacarbano-1-(azaiumcarbant)]-1,1&#39;-biyl-1,3-tricarbane bi[tetra[4]carbano-1-acid-4-acidate-2,3-dioxant] 
     11: cyclopentacarbanoaza-2-oxent-1-yl-1-trideca[12. 6  1]carban-2,4,6-trieno-8-oxant-1-oxent 
     12: cyclohexacarbanen-3,5-diaza-1-fluorant-4,6-dioxent-3-yl-2-cyclopentacarbanooxade 
     13: bi[arenoyl-2-tricarbano-1-(acidoyl-6-dicycloocta[7. 1:4  1]-carbano-8-(azaiumcarbant))-3-oxant]sulfate 
     14: biarenobiyl-2,2-dicarbano-1-(acidoyl-6-tricyclododeca[7. 1:4  1 8:8  4]carbano-8-azaium)-2-oxant chloride 
     15: arenoyl-2-tricarbano-1-(acidoyl-7-tricyclonona[8. 1:5  1. 2:4  0]-carbano-9-azaium-3-oxa-9,9-dicarbant)-3-oxant bromide 
     16: dicycloocta[7. 1:4  1]carbano-6-azaium-1,6,8,8-tetracarbant-6-yl-3-tricarbano-1-ylaziumtercarbant bi[carbanoyloxysulfbiox-acidate] 
     17: decyclohepta[6. 1:4  1]carbano-2,2,3-tricarbant-3-ylazcarbant hydrochloride 
     18. diareno-1/4-tetrahydro-2,4-diaza-1-(sulfabioxent)-6-(ylcarb-terfluorant)-3-yl-1-hexa[6]carbane-7-ylsulfazantbioxent 
     19. disodium trinordiarenoperhydro-2Z-aza-5-sulfa-4,4-dicarbant-2-oxent-3-(ylcarbacidate)-1-ylazyl-2-dicarbano-2-oxent-1-ylarene-1-ylsulfbioxacidate 
     20: dinordiareno-1/2Z,5/6Z-hexahydro-2Z-aza-6-sulfa-4-carbant-2-oxent-1-(ylazyl-2-dicarbano-1-azant-2-oxent-1-ylarene)-3-ylcarbacid 
     21: diareno-1,3,5,8-tetraaza-2,4-diazant-6-ylcarbylazacarbant-yl-4-areno-1-ylcarboxentylazyl-2-penta[5]carbano-1,5-diacid 
     22: diareno-2,3-diaza-1-yl-2-diazano-1-yloxyl-1-tricarbano-1-oxent hydrochloride 
     23: nordiareno-1/3-trihydro-1-oxa-2:2-(biyl-1,5-hexa[6]carban-1-eno-3-oxent-1-yloxcarbant)-7-chlorant-3-oxent-4,6-diylox-carbant 
     24: nordiareno-1/3-trihydro-2-aza-1-oxant-3-oxent-1-yl-4-areno-1-chlorant-2-ylsulfazantbioxent 
     25: diareno-2-aza-1-(ylcarbyl-4-areno-1,2-diyloxcarbant)-6,7-diyloxcarbant hydrochloride 
     26: homodiareno-7-hydro-5,8-diaza-2-chlorant-8-oxent-9-ylarene-6-ylazcarbant 
     27: tri[2 A  1]areno-2 4z  -homo-1 6  -nor-1,2 3/4z  -octahydro-1 3 ,2 3  -diaza-1 1  -oxa-3 1  -chlorant-2 4  -oxent-1 2  -yl-2-areno-1-chlorant 
     28: tri[3]areno-2 1 ,4 -dihydro-2 1  -aza-2 4  -sulfa-1 6  -chlorant-2 1  -yl-3-tricarbano-1-ylazbicarbant 
     29: tri[3]areno-2 1 ,4 -dihydro-2 1  -sulfa-2 4  -(yliden-3-tricarbano-1-yl-4-cyclohexacarbano-1,4-diaza-1-carbant)-1 6  -ylsulf-bioxentylazbicarbant 
     30: tri[3]areno-2 6z  -homo-2 4  -hydro-2 1  -aza-2 4  -sulfa-1 6  -chlorant-2 6z  -yl-4-cyclohexacarbano-1,4-diaza-1-carbant 
     31: tri[3]areno-2 4  -nor-1 1:5  -cyclo-1,2 1 ,3 1 , 4-nonahydro-1 3 ,6 -diaza-3 2  -azant-3 3  -carbant-2 1  -(ylcarbyloxylcarbazantoxent)-1 2  -yloxcarbant 
     32: tetra[4]areno-1 1/4 ,2 1 ,2 3 1 ,4 -octahydro-3 1  -carbant -1 3 ,6,2 4 ,-3 1 ,4 4  -pentaoxant-1 4 ,3 4  -dioxent-1 1  -(ylazbicarbant)-1 5  -ylcarb-azantoxent 
     33: penta[3 A  2]areno-4 6  -nor-2 3 , 4 1  -diaza-1,2,3 3 ,4 -dodecahydro-1 1  -(ylcarbacidocarbant)-1 6 ,5 2  -di(yloxcarbant)-1 5  -yloxylcarb-oxentyl-5-areno-1,2,3-triyloxcarbant 
     34: tetra[3 A  1]areno-2 1  -nor-2,3,4 1 ,6 -nonahydro-2 4 ,4 6  -diaza-2 2  :4 6  -biyl-1,2-dicarbane-3 4  -(oxantylcarbacidocarbant)-2 4  -(ylcarb-oxent)-3 2  -yldicarbane-1 5  -(yloxcarbant)-3 3  -(yloxyl-1-di-carbanooxent)-1 6  -yl-7-dicycloundeca[10. 1:5  1]carbano-1-aza-8(2:3)-(nordiareno-1-(hydroazade))-3-oxant-7-(ylcarbacido-carbant)-3-yldicarbane 
     35: tetra[3 A  1]areno-2,3,4-dodecahydro-2 4  -oxa-2 1  :3 1  -biyl-1,2-(dicarbanooxade)-1 5 ,2 3 ,4 3 ,3 -tetracarbant-1 1  -oxant ##STR10## 
     In order to further facilitate better understanding of the preferred process according to the present invention, a print-out of a computer program according to the present invention has been submitted as an appendix which is retained in the file of this patent. The appended program was written for a &#34;FACOM 9450-II&#34; to run under the APCS operating system and business BASIC.