Abstract:
5 A liquid cleaning system rests on a surface having a non-porous material covering and a drain. A lower plate layer and an upper plate layer each have runners arranged in a grid. The lower plate layer rests upon the surface and the upper plate layer rests upon the lower plate layer offset at an angle with respect to the grid of the lower plate layer. 
     An upper layer covers the upper plate layer and has a plurality of holes for the passage of fluids into the liquid cleaning system. As liquid enters the liquid cleaning system through the holes, the liquid traverses the grid of the lower plate layer and the grid of the upper plate layer flowing towards the drain, and contaminants within the liquid collect within the grid of the lower plate layer and the grid of the upper plate layer.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application is a continuation in part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/615,711, filed Feb. 6, 2015, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. 
     
    
     FIELD 
       [0002]    The present invention relates to hazardous and/or waste liquid collection and containment. More particularly, it relates to a modular and mobile cleaning system for capturing, containing and collecting hazardous liquids and/or waste water resulting from cleaning of vehicles. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0003]    Hazardous liquid and waste water collection is known in the prior art. Due to rising concerns that the environment is becoming polluted at an alarming rate and the mandate of the federal Clean Water Act by, governments, both State and Federal, and those in other countries have begun mandating that water runoff from many vehicle washing procedures be contained and collected for proper disposable to avoid further contamination of the environment. For example, the simple process of cleaning a piece of machinery in which oils are separated from the machinery must now be cleaned, in many locales, in a controlled rinsing facility or shower system that collects and contains the water used during the cleaning procedure. The waste water is generally not permitted to simply enter the sewer system or run off into the underground aquifer or nearest body of water. In many locations, the washing of vehicles such as trucks and automobiles requires that the rinse water be captured, contained and disposed of properly. 
         [0004]    Other cleaning problems occur with hazardous liquid and waste water containment and collection. In particular, it is possible for businesses, public facilities and land areas to be exposed to or infected with deadly biological or chemical substances that are extremely hazardous to remove. During an exemplary cleaning procedure, the people involved must wear protective suits. When finished in the cleaning operation, the protective wear must be thoroughly cleansed before being removed. However, it is not permitted to allow the rinse water to simply run off and into ground or sewer. 
         [0005]    U.S. Pat. No. 7,290,558 to DeChard et al, which is hereby incorporated by reference, shows a mobile waste and containment system that lacks multiple layers of corrugated membranes as will be described. 
         [0006]    What is needed is a system that will collect contaminated liquids (e.g. water and other soluble or insoluble material) and separate the undesirable materials from the liquid (e.g., water) for proper disposal of the undesirable materials. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0007]    In one embodiment, a waste water and hazardous chemical containment and collection system is disclosed including a substantially planar, non-porous lower layer. A lower plate layer rests upon the planar, non-porous lower layer and an upper plate layer rests upon the lower plate layer. An upper layer that has several holes for the passage of fluids rests upon the upper plate layer. The overall length and width of the lower plate layer, the upper plate layer, and the upper layer are substantially equal. Fluids enter the system through the holes and some oils from the fluids collect within netting of the lower plate layer and the upper plate layer for later collection. 
         [0008]    In another embodiment, a method of treating waste water is disclosed including passing the waste water through holes in an upper layer, thereby filtering out larger particles from the waste water then flowing the waste water over two plate layers. The two plate layers are set over a non-porous layer, thereby capturing oils suspended in the waste water within netting of the plate layers as per the nature of Stokes&#39; Law. Waste water that now has a lower amount of oils drains from the non-porous layer. 
         [0009]    In another embodiment, a waste water and hazardous chemical containment and collection system is disclosed including a substantially planar, non-porous lower layer having a drain, a lower plate layer resting upon the planar, non-porous lower layer, upper plate layer resting upon the lower plate layer, an upper layer having a plurality of holes for the passage of fluids, and walls surrounding the lower plate layer, the upper plate layer, and the upper layer. The overall length and width of the lower plate layer, the upper plate layer, and the upper layer are substantially equal (and surrounded by the walls). 
         [0010]    In another embodiment, a liquid cleaning system is disclosed. The liquid cleaning system rests on a surface that has a drain. The liquid cleaning system includes a non-porous material covering the surface except for the drain, a lower plate layer and an upper plate layer each having runners arranged in a grid. The lower plate layer rests upon the non-porous material and the upper plate layer rests upon the lower plate layer. The grid of the upper plate layer is offset at an angle with respect to the grid of the lower plate layer. An upper layer covers the upper plate layer. The upper layer has a plurality of holes for the passage of fluids into the upper plate layer and lower plate layer. As the liquid that has entered the liquid cleaning system through the plurality of holes traverses the grid of the lower plate layer and the grid of the upper plate layer flowing towards the drain, contaminants within the liquid collect within the grid of the lower plate layer and the grid of the upper plate layer. 
         [0011]    In another embodiment, a liquid cleaning system is disclosed including a lower layer that is substantially non-porous except for a drain and two plate layers that include a lower plate layer and an upper plate layer made of runners arranged in a grid. The lower plate layer rests upon the lower layer and the upper plate layer rests upon the lower plate layer, such that the grid of the upper plate layer is offset at an angle with respect to the grid of the lower plate layer. An upper layer having a plurality of holes for the passage of fluids covers the upper plate layer. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0012]    The invention can be best understood by those having ordinary skill in the art by reference to the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: 
           [0013]      FIG. 1  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a separation portion of a waste and/or hazardous liquid containment and collection system. 
           [0014]      FIG. 2  illustrates a cut-away view of the separation portion of the waste and/or hazardous liquid containment and collection system. 
           [0015]      FIG. 3  illustrates a plan view of the waste and/or hazardous liquid containment and collection system. 
           [0016]      FIG. 4  illustrates a second plan view of the waste and/or hazardous liquid containment and collection system. 
           [0017]      FIG. 5  illustrates a third plan view of the waste and/or hazardous liquid containment and collection system. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0018]    Reference will now be made in detail to the presently preferred embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Throughout the following detailed description, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements in all figures. 
         [0019]    Referring to  FIGS. 1 and 2 , cross-sectional and cut-away views of a separation portion of a waste and/or hazardous liquid containment and collection system are shown. Although shown in use for vehicle cleaning, the system disclose is capable of separating and proper disposal of liquids from many different applications and is not limited to washing vehicles. 
         [0020]    In the process of washing machinery such as vehicles, various chemicals and oils are dislodged from the machinery or vehicles such as gasoline, oils, salts, car wax, tar, etc. Many municipalities prohibit drain water from machinery cleaning or car washes to enter the sewerage and/or drain water system, as these chemicals and oils would then find their way to rivers, streams, and other bodies of water, adding pollutants to such. On the other hand, it is desirable by many to have a clean vehicle, especially in geographies where ice and snow removal include using salts to melt the ice and snow being that such salts are corrosive in nature. Many people like to have clean vehicles and, to enhance the salability of vehicles; automobile dealerships often wash the entire inventory of vehicles on a periodic interval to assure that the fleet of vehicles is appealing to potential buyers. 
         [0021]    Many people wash their vehicles at home, in their driveway, using a garden hose and bucket, releasing small amounts of pollutants into the storm drain system, which eventually leads to the above mentioned bodies of water. Many others wash their vehicles in car wash facilities which typically have bays equipped with a high pressure source of water/soap and a drain to wash away excess water and dirt. Washing of vehicles in car wash facilities is preferred, in that, it is more cost-effective to process the contaminated water from the washing process than processing the contaminated water at everybody&#39;s home. 
         [0022]    In addition to cleaning of the waste water, some localities with limited average rainfall and many localities during drought conditions, prohibit washing of vehicles at homes and offices. In such, car washing facilities are required to recycle water so as to use as little as possible. As one could imagine, it is not good to wash a vehicle with unfiltered water from previous washed vehicles. Using such contaminated water results in a dirty vehicle, even after cleaning. Using contaminated water also results in fine grain grit being power-sprayed onto the vehicle which, besides slowly removing waxes and paint from the vehicle, this grit also clogs the high-pressure spray nozzle, requiring frequent cleaning or replacement of the nozzle. 
         [0023]    To facilitate recycling of the waste water from the above described situations, the disclosed waste and/or hazardous liquid containment and collection system includes one or more separation and/or filtering portions, each independent of the other and useful with or without the others. The first such separation and/or filter section is shown in  FIG. 1 . This separation portion includes several layers  20 / 30 / 40 / 50 . The layers  20 / 30 / 40  that are permeable are held atop the impermeable layer  50  by wall members  62  that prevent the contaminated liquids from spilling out from the sides of the layers  20 / 30 / 40 / 50 . In some embodiments, the impermeable layer  50  is a water resistant coating on the ground surface  60  (e.g. waterproof paint, sealer, etc.) Although not required, it is anticipated that, in some embodiments, the wall members  62  are fastened to the ground surface  60  (e.g. a cement slab). In some embodiments, plates  63  are fastened to the wall members  62  to secure the layers  20 / 30 / 40 / 50  in place. In a preferred embodiment, the bottom, impermeable layer  50  includes drainage for recycling runoff as shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 . Also, although not required, in this preferred embodiment, it is also preferred that there is a slow pitch or incline angled downward with respect to gravity, converging at the drain  149  (see  FIGS. 4 and 5 ). 
         [0024]    As contaminated fluids with solids (e.g. water, solids, and pollutants) fall onto the upper layer  20 , the contaminated fluids pass through a plurality of holes  22  in the upper layer  20 , filtering out large debris such as stones, paper, etc. 
         [0025]    The next two layers are plate layers  30 / 40  are made of geo-membranes or membranes arranged in a grids or similar geometric pattern. The upper plate layer  30  is set over the lower plate layer  40 . In a preferred embodiment, the upper plate layer  30  is offset at an angle with respect to the lower plate layer  40 . Although any angle is anticipated, an example of one angle is 45 degrees, in that, lines of the grid of the upper plate layer  30  are at 45 degree angles with respect to lines of the grid of the lower plate layer  40 . By arranging the plate layers  30 / 40  in this offset angle, as shown in  FIG. 2 , on top of the impermeable layer  50 , contaminated water with suspended oils must traverse the plate layers  30 / 40  to reach the drain. As the contaminated water with suspended oils traverses the plate layers  30 / 40 , oil droplets (the leading pollutant) are forced to increase in size, thereby speeding separation from other liquids such as water. As the contaminated water with suspended oils enters the plate layers  30 / 40 , the contaminated water with suspended oils flow towards the drain, e.g. by a slight incline. The contaminated water with suspended oils must traverse the plate layers  30 / 40 . As the contaminated water with suspended oils goes over runners of the lower plate layer  40 , pollutants that have a higher specific gravity than water remain within the grid of the lower plate layer  40  and as the fluid goes under runners of the upper plate layer  30 , pollutants that have lower specific gravity than water remain within the grid of the upper plate layer  30 , thereby filtering out much of the pollutants before they reach the drain  149 . 
         [0026]    After some number of uses, the upper layer  20  is lifted and the oil is vacuumed out of the plate layers  30 / 40  for proper disposal and recycling. 
         [0027]    As an example, the plate layers  30 / 40  are textured geo-membranes made by co-extruding textured, high density polyethylene providing chemical resistance and sufficient load carrying abilities to support the weight of most vehicles. 
         [0028]    Any impermeable layer  50  is anticipated such as a reinforced polypropylene as known for use as a liner for containment ponds. 
         [0029]    Referring to  FIG. 3 , a plan view of the waste and/or hazardous liquid containment and collection system  10  is shown. In this example, a ramp  70  is provided to ease driving of a vehicle  5  onto the collection system  10 . For completeness, a high-pressure pump  102  and a washing wand  100  are shown. In operation, dirt and debris are dislodged from the vehicle  5  by the high-pressure water from the washing wand  100  and the now contaminated water, for example having dirt and oils suspended there within, fall onto the upper layer  20  of the collection system  10 . The holes  22  in the upper layer  20  filter out large particles such as stones and also reduce splashing of the contaminated water onto the remaining layers  30 / 40 / 50 . As the contaminated water flows traverses the plate layers  30 / 40 , any oil suspended in the water beads into droplets that further combine with existing droplets of oil and remains within the netting of the plate layers  30 / 40  as per the nature of Stokes&#39; Law. In such, the sedimentation of the droplets of oil separates the oil from the water. The water (still contaminated with other pollutants) flows to a low spot of the collection system  10  while most of the oil remains within the plate layers  30 / 40 . As in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , a drain  149  at the low area of the impermeable layer  50  permits collection of the water (with some contaminates). After some number of uses, the upper layer  20  is lifted and the oil is vacuumed out of the plate layers  30 / 40  for proper disposal and recycling. 
         [0030]    Referring to  FIGS. 4 and 5 , alternate installations of the waste and/or hazardous liquid containment and collection system  10  are shown. In these examples of installations of the collection system  10 , after removal of the oils by the plate layers  30 / 40  per the above explanation, the run-off, dirty water falls through a drain  149  in the impermeable layer  50 . Although not required, it is preferred that the layers  20 / 30 / 40 / 50  are slightly pitched towards the drain  149  to facilitate a slow flow of fluid towards the drain  149 . 
         [0031]    After falling through the drain  149 , the run-off, dirty water is further processed by separation tank  150 . In this exemplary separation tank  150 , the dirty water enters into a first compartment  152 . As the first compartment  152  fills, the now cleaner water flows over a weir  153  into a second compartment  154 . In such, contaminates that have a higher specific gravity than water (e.g., sand, metal) settle to the bottom of the first compartment  152  and the water and contaminates that have a lower specific gravity than water (e.g., remaining oils, plastics) flow over the weir  153  and into the second compartment  154 . 
         [0032]    In the second compartment  154 , contaminates that have a lower specific gravity than water tend to float to the top  156  of the second compartment  154  while the, now, reclaimed water exits from the bottom of the second compartment  154  under a partition  157  (e.g., an inverted weir) and into an exit compartment  158 , where the reclaimed water exits, for example, into the sewerage drain  200 . As with the plate layers  30 / 40 , after some number of uses, debris, sand, contaminates are vacuumed out of the compartments  152 / 154 / 158  and disposed or recycled according to accepted practices. 
         [0033]    In  FIG. 4 , the reclaimed water is not recycled, entering the sewerage drain  200  or any other known waste water disposal system (not shown). In such, fresh water is supplied for cleaning the vehicle  5 , for example, from a municipal water supply  110  or well and pump. 
         [0034]    In  FIG. 5 , the reclaimed water exiting the separation tank  150  is gravity fed to a sump  302  through line  300 . When the sump  302  fills to a certain point, the reclaimed water from within the sump  302  is pumped out through an exit pipe  306  and is directed by a valve  304  to either the sewerage drain  200  (or other drainage system) or into filtering and separation tanks  310 / 320 . The reclaimed water in the first separation tank  310  is preferably treated with aeration from an air pump  312 . As the first separation tank  310  approaches being filled with the reclaimed water, some of the reclaimed water exits the first separation tank  310  from an upper area to exclude some amount of sedimentation, and this water passes through a filter  316 , for example, a paper filter, sand filter, carbon filter, etc. The now, substantially clean water enters the second separation tank  320  which optionally has a second aeration pump  322 . Should the system lose water (fluid) due to, for example, splashing, evaporation, and some water remaining on the vehicle  5 , additional water is added from, for example, a municipal water supply  110  through a supply valve  324  that is used to control the amount of water that is added to the system. 
         [0035]    Water (substantially clean water) is then drawn from the bottom of the second separation tank  320 . By drawing the water from the bottom of the second separation tank  320 , the second separation tank  320  serves as a reservoir, in that, the system will operate and not need refilling from the municipal water supply  110  until the second separation tank  320  is substantially depleted. This requires fewer operations to add water from the supply. In some embodiments (not shown), the supply valve  324  is automatically operated when an electronic device (e.g. a float or other device) determines that the water level in the second separation tank  320  is below a certain level. 
         [0036]    Equivalent elements can be substituted for the ones set forth above such that they perform in substantially the same manner in substantially the same way for achieving substantially the same result. 
         [0037]    It is believed that the system and method as described and many of its attendant advantages will be understood by the foregoing description. It is also believed that it will be apparent that various changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the components thereof without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention or without sacrificing all of its material advantages. The form herein before described being merely exemplary and explanatory embodiment thereof. It is the intention of the following claims to encompass and include such changes.