Abstract:
A timeline-based approach for selecting and manipulating audio tracks is presented. This is accomplished via a graphical user interface that provides users with a series of visual cues and enhancements when selecting a particular area of an audio track depicted within the interface. These visual cues are rendered as a display region having multiple other display areas, components or interface components that provide the user with a location for initiating actions upon the file. User input provided to the timeline component generates a selection overlay that indicates a selected area of the audio file. The user can perform numerous actions with that audio file, such as copying and pasting. The user can do this more quickly and efficiently because the user is not required to switch tools. Everything is accomplished “modelessly.” Multiple instances of the selection overlay applied, for example, across multiple audio tracks may achieve even more powerful results.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/460,338 filed on Apr. 4, 2003, the specification of which is herein incorporated by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates to the field of computer software. More specifically the invention is directed to a Graphical User Interface (GUI) for selecting and manipulating audio or video data. 
     2. Background Art 
     Computer software programs are most frequently designed to provide users with the ability to perform a set of distinct functions. Some of these distinct functions require a set of input parameters. In many, but not all cases, computer users provide this input via an input device such as a keyboard, mouse, or touch screen. Most software programs display a set of graphical components that provide visual cues to the user. These visual cues are designed to hint at or directly display inputs required from the user. This set of graphical components is referred to by those of ordinary skill in the art as a Graphical User Interface (GUI). Many different software programs utilize GUIs. Some of these programs utilize GUIs for purposes of assisting the user with manipulating audio data. For example, software programs exist that enable users to create songs and other audio files by seamlessly combining a set of pre-recorded audio files. 
     An example of a prior art program that has such functionality is called ACID™ (distributed by Sound Foundry™, Incorporated). Users of ACID™ and other sound editing programs have a need to select and possibly duplicate or delete segments of one or more of the audio files. A user making a remix of a song may, for example, wish to make the song longer and repeat or distort parts of the song by duplicating only a segment of a certain audio track. Existing interfaces for selecting segments of an audio file and duplicating or deleting the selected segment are limited in that such interfaces do not have a set of components to adequately assist the user with the process of accurately selecting a particular segment of the audio file. 
     Most prior art systems use a system known in the art as modal tool for selection and editing of audio files. Modal Tools require a user to click on a Toolbar that is representative of the tools available in the program to initiate the use of the tool. This requires a few steps for the user. For instance, the user must stop the progress of whatever they were just doing; move the pointer (e.g. mouse) to the tool selection area; and select the desired tool, for example, a selection tool. (Alternatively an experienced user could turn the desired tool on by clicking the appropriate keyboard shortcut.) The user must now come back to the Timeline interface and make the desired selection. 
       FIG. 1  is an illustration of a prior art GUI and the process of graphically editing objects. This workflow is evident in numerous prior art products, e.g., Apple Computers&#39; Final Cut Pro and Final Cut Express both have the same work flow. As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , GUI  100 , objects  102 ,  104 , and  106  are audio entities in timeline area  130  which the user desires to manipulate. Object  101  is the pointer, which is located somewhere on the GUI, for example, area  120 ; and object  110  is the tool selection area. As illustrated, tool selection area  110  comprises selection tool  111 , magnifier  112 , crop tool  113 , pen tool  114 , etc. 
       FIG. 2  is an illustration of the prior art selection process. As illustrated, a user desiring to use the selection tool moves mouse pointer  101  to tool selection area  110 . The user then clicks (or selects) the desired tool in the tool selection area, for example, selection tool  111 . 
     After obtaining the desired tool from tool selection area  110 , the user moves the mouse pointer  101  back to timeline interface area  130  to do the desired action, e.g., selection of audio section. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,204,969 entitled “Sound Editing System Using Visually Displayed Control Line for Altering Specified Characteristic of Adjacent Segment of a Waveform”, filed on Mar. 19th, 1992 and assigned to Macromedia, Incorporated (hereinafter the &#39;969 patent) is an example of a prior art technique for editing audio files. 
     The system described in the &#39;969 patent provides a means for entering and storing sound waveforms in a computer memory, for visually displaying the waveform on a computer screen, and for altering the stored waveform by making changes in the appearance of the waveform on the screen, which changes are translated by the computer into changes in the stored waveform. The &#39;969 system includes means for simultaneously displaying several sound waveforms on the screen for purposes of mixing them (i.e., combining several sound waveforms into one) by moving their locations on the screen so as to synchronize selected parts of the waveforms in time. Also, the system provides a means to alter the pitch (i.e., frequency) or amplitude of a particular part of any waveform by moving a segment of a line adjacent to the waveform on the screen. The line corresponds to the pitch or amplitude for the adjacent part of the waveform. Although the interface described in the &#39;969 patent does provide the user with some useful visual cues and the ability to perform important functions, the interface does not utilize a set of components that enables the user to utilize a timeline based approach to precisely select areas of an audio file and the files adjusted parameters. 
     Because of the limitations existent in the prior art and for other reasons not stated herein, there is a need for an improved interface for handling the editing of audio files. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Embodiments of the invention improve upon current technologies by providing users with a timeline-based approach for selecting audio data, video data, or any other data that is played back over time, generating a selection overlay and performing one or more special functions on the selected data and its corresponding set of parameters. This is accomplished via a graphical user interface configured to provide users with a series of visual cues and enhancements that assist the user with the process of selecting a particular area of the audio track depicted within the interface. 
     These visual cues are rendered within the interface in the form of a display region having multiple other display regions, areas or interface components configured to provide the user with a location for initiating one or more actions upon the audio file associated with the interface. For instance, a display region configured in accordance with an embodiment of the invention comprises an audio source region for use during the process of authoring music by using a series of prerecorded audio files obtained from the audio source region. The audio source region contains a list of audio files available to the user for the user&#39;s intended purpose. When the user selects one of the audio files from the audio source region and places that audio file into a region of the interface, the system generates an audio display region that comprises a timeline component, waveform component and zero or more parameter components. 
     Each audio display region is associated with one or more audio files and has one or more graphical components configured to visually represent an audio file and provide a mechanism for initiating one or more special functions. To create music, users of the system arrange a set of one or more of the generated audio display regions along a timeline in sequence of playback. To change the sequence of audio files users can rearrange the sequence of each audio display region. Some of the audio files depicted within the interface overlap the same timeline axis. Such an overlap with respect to time indicates that when the audio files are played the system will play the overlapping files simultaneously. To sequence playback of the audio files users can arrange the files in the audio display region in chronological order. 
     The audio display region configured in accordance with an embodiment of the invention contains a set of interface components. These interface components visually depict the characteristics and/or parameters of the audio content when playback occurs over time. Some examples of the additional types of interface components associated with the timeline component include a waveform component and a set of zero or more optionally viewable parameter components. The waveform components of the audio display region each depict the amplitude characteristics of an associated audio file. By viewing a waveform component users can quickly discern the audio characteristics of the associated file. The parameter components provide a mechanism for a user to view and adjust the parameters of an audio file. Each of these interface components may be associated with a timeline component. The timeline component depicts the duration of the audio file and can perform one or more special functions when selected by the user. In one embodiment of the invention the timeline component sits adjacent to or is otherwise visually associated with the waveform component. 
     By utilizing an input device (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, touch screen, etc.) to select a first and second point within the timeline component, users can initiate one or more special functions. One example of a special function the timeline component is capable of initiating is called a select function. The select function receives as input an area of the audio file to be selected and generates a selection overlay that visually highlights the selected area of the display components representing the audio file (e.g., the waveform component and/or the parameter components). In one implementation the selection overlay may partially obscure or highlight the waveform component and any visible parameter components associated with the area of the audio file selected via the timeline component. The selection overlay provides users with a mechanism for visually distinguishing the area of the audio file selected when the user interacts with the timeline component. 
     Other special functions associated with the timeline component include a copy or move function that enables users to duplicate or move a selected area of the audio file (e.g., the area associated with the selection overlay). For instance, the user can initiate a move command and thereby cause the system to move the audio data associated with the selection overlay from one part of the interface to another part of the interface. Other functions include a cut command that deletes the area of the audio file associated with the selection overlay and a copy operation that duplicates the selected area elsewhere in the interface. The user may also initiate special functions (e.g., duplicating the audio file and the corresponding set of parameters) by dragging the area of the waveform having an associated selection overlay from one region of the interface to another. When a duplicate or move function is initiated the system generates a new instance of the audio file based on the selection overlay. The new instance comprises a duplicate set of the data that falls within the bounds of the selection overlay. However, in instances where a move operation occurs the system may use the original data rather than create a duplicate. 
     The interface also has functions that enable users to cause the system to modify the characteristics and/or parameters of an audio file at certain points during playback. The ability to adjust parameters is applicable to the original audio file and new instances of the audio file. In one embodiment of the invention, parameters associated with the audio data as well as any adjustments made to those parameters via the parameter component are copied along with the audio data. For instance, when an audio file has an underlying volume, EQ properties, bass, balance, pan, etc., these parameters are duplicated or moved along with the area of the audio file that is duplicated or moved. The user can adjust parameters associated with the original audio data or the new instance using the parameter adjustment line of the parameter component. These parameter components provide an effective way for users to visually determine the characteristics of a parameter and intuitively adjust those characteristics. Such adjustments are made via a parameter adjustment line or some other shape embedded within each of the parameter components in a way that indicates the nature of the adjustments the user can make. For instance, the parameter adjustment line may appear horizontal to indicate that the characteristics of the parameter remain unchanged throughout the duration of playback. The user can make adjustments to this parameter by selecting and then displacing an area of the parameter adjustment line associated with the point in time (shown on the timeline component) where an adjustment is desired. If, for example, the user wanted to adjust the volume parameter so that at a certain point during playback the volume of the audio file decreased, the user would select the point at which the decrease in volume was desired and move the parameter adjustment line in a direction indicative of the adjustment made (e.g., up for an increase/down for a decrease). Other parameters, such as pan, balance, EQ, bass, treble, or any other adjustable characteristics of the audio file can be adjusted using the parameter adjustment line. Each parameter typically has its own dedicated parameter component, but more than one parameter adjustment line can reside within each parameter component. 
     When a selection is made, the appropriate areas of adjusted parameters are included in the selection overlay and copied along with the audio file itself. Thus, embodiments of the invention provide a timeline-based approach for selecting and manipulating one or more areas of an audio track and a set of corresponding parameters. In some embodiments, multiple instances of the selection overlay may be used in combination across one or more audio tracks, either in continuous or discontinuous selections, to achieve more complex end results in an efficient manner. The interface and the functionality associated with certain components of that interface will now be described in further detail. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is an illustration of a prior art interface component for audio manipulation. 
         FIG. 2  is an illustration of steps used in prior art interface components for audio manipulation. 
         FIG. 3  is an illustration of a graphical user interface for manipulation of audio files in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 4  is an illustration of a graphical user interface indicating the audio file and one or more its adjustable parameters in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 5  is an illustration of a selection overlay indicating an area of an audio file selected by the user for manipulation via a timeline-based selection process in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 6  is an illustration of a new instance of the area of the audio file associated with the selection overlay, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 7  is an illustration of timeline selection of a segment of an audio file from a plurality of audio files in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 8  is an illustration of timeline selection of a segment of a plurality of audio tracks in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 9  is an illustration of discontinuous selection of multiple audio tracks in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 10  is an illustration of the pasting function in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 11  is a flow chart illustrating the process for implementing timeline-based selection and duplication or manipulation of an audio file segment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     A Graphical User Interface (hereinafter the interface) configured to assist users with the process of selecting an area of audio data and performing one or more special functions on the selected area is described. Although the examples herein relate to audio data, the invention is also applicable to video data or any other data played back over time. Thus, the invention is not limited solely to audio data. 
     In the following description numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. In some instances, well-known features have not been described in detail so as not to obscure embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to an artisan of ordinary skill, that it is possible to practice the present invention without these specific details or by using equivalents or alternatives to the specific examples given. As such, this detailed description of preferred and alternative embodiments should not be construed to limit the scope or breadth of the present invention. The claims and the full scope of any equivalents are what define the metes and bounds of the invention. 
     A. Overview 
     The interface implementing one or more aspects of the invention enables users to create songs, remix audio tracks, produce surround sound audio mixes, create music for web sites or other mediums, score a video, and/or create a combination of sounds for some other purpose. To accomplish these and other functions not specifically addressed herein, the interface makes use of a number of audio display regions. Each audio display region is associated with at least one audio file and includes components that provide users with a mechanism for applying one or more special functions. Some examples of the type of components the audio display region may contain include a timeline component, a waveform component, and zero or more parameter components. Actions performed on the timeline component cause the system to generate a selection overlay that highlights the areas of the audio display region where users can initiate further functions. This highlighted area typically relates to the timeline component itself and the waveform component, but may optionally contain one or more parameter adjustment components associated with the underlying audio file. In some, but not all instances, the selection overlay is used to identify what portions of the waveform component (and hence what segment of the audio file the waveform represents) the user wishes to manipulate via the special functions implemented by the system. In some (but not all) instances, these selections include the “blank” space (i.e., silence) in between multiple audio files, which is also affected by the use of the invention. 
     B. Components of the Audio Display Region 
       FIG. 3  illustrates a component of the interface referred to as an audio display region. The user generates audio display region  300  by selecting an audio source file from elsewhere in the interface and dragging the audio source file into an editing region. It should be noted that although this specific illustration is described as being contained within an editing region, use of the invention may occur within any type of interface. Thus, the invention includes, but is not limited to use within an editing region. In either case audio display region  300  is associated with one or more audio files and contains a set of interface components configured to visually represent aspects of those underlying audio file(s). For instance, audio display region  300  is associated with an audio file  308  referred to as “SF Bass 09” and contains a timeline component  306 , a waveform component  310  and parameter components  302  and  304 . The purpose and functionality of each of the components associated with display region  300  will be discussed in further detail below. 
     1. Timeline and Waveform Components 
     Audio display region  300  comprises timeline component  306 . In one embodiment of the invention timeline component  306  depicts a timeline configured to have a visual and functional association with waveform component  310  and the actual audio file which waveform component  310  represents. Waveform component  310  contains a visual representation of the amplitude characteristics of the audio file associated with display region  300  when that file is played over a period of time. The reader should note that although  FIG. 3  depicts timeline component  306  adjacent to waveform component  310 , it is contemplated as being within the scope of the invention for the system to render other display components between waveform component  310  and timeline component  306 , or in place of the waveform component  310 . 
     In one or more embodiments of the invention, timeline component  306  comprises elements that visually represent a set of time markers or delimiters. These time markers are typically indicative of a set time interval (e.g., 1 second), but can also represent a variable set of time points. If, for example, an audio file is ten seconds, timeline component  306  may depict one hundred time markers where each time marker represents a portion of the total playback period (e.g., ten time markers per second of playback). 
     When the user provides input to timeline component  306 , the system is designed to execute a set of special functions. Functions and the other visual effects associated with input to timeline component  306  are discussed in further detail with respect to  FIG. 5 . 
     2. Parameter Components/Parameter Adjustment Elements 
     Each audio file depicted within audio display region  300  is associated with a set of optionally displayed parameter components.  FIG. 3  shows an example of an unadjusted set of parameter components, “Volume” and “Pan” (e.g. distribution). The interface uses these parameter components as a mechanism for visually representing the various adjustable aspects of the audio file associated with audio display region  300 . In the example illustrated in  FIG. 3 , parameter component  302  relates to the volume of the audio file associated with display region  300 . Parameter component  304  illustrates the pan level associated with the same audio file. 
     Audio display region  300  is configured in one embodiment of the invention to enable the user to optionally display additional parameter components for purposes of viewing one or more states associated with any definable aspect of an audio file. However, the system is not required to display every adjustable audio file parameter and in some instances the parameter components may remain hidden and may be revealed when the user issues a specific request. Thus, display region  300  may contain zero or more parameter components each of which the user can add or subtract upon command. 
     One instance of the interface implementing one or more aspects of the invention is configured to render one or more parameter adjustment elements within each of the parameter components. Each parameter adjustment element provides users with an interface component for manipulating one or more parameters of the audio file associated with display region  300 . The parameter adjustment elements are referred to in one embodiment of the invention as a parameter adjustment line. Note that although the parameter adjustment elements are referred to herein as parameter adjustment lines, other visual adjustment mechanisms may be used. For instance, the parameter adjustment element may comprise of discrete sliders for each time point or time slice (or segment). 
     When the user selects a point on a parameter adjustment line and displaces that point from one location in the display region to another, the system adjusts one or more of the audio file parameters associated with the modified parameter in a manner that coincides with the displacement. By displacing the parameter adjustment line associated with a period of playback, users can effectuate changes to an identifiable point of the audio file. Thus changes may occur to one part of the audio file (e.g., the first second) when no changes are made to the second part of the audio file. 
       FIG. 4  illustrates the use of parameter adjustment lines to manipulate an audio file. The purpose behind each parameter adjustment line is to provide users with an intuitive mechanism for manipulating the characteristics of one or more parameters at an identified segment of the audio file. If, for instance, a user wanted to adjust the volume of the audio file associated with parameter adjustment line  400  the user could achieve this effect by using an input device to select point  402 A on the parameter adjustment line. The user may then move point  402 A of the parameter adjustment line to point  402 B, for example. This action causes the system to decrease the volume during playback at a time associated with point  402 B and then increase the volume back up to a certain level when playback reaches point  403 A. Also, an embodiment of the invention may be configured such that an upward movement of the parameter adjustment line  400  increases the volume of the associated audio file. Thus, the volume may be decreased by a downward adjustment of the parameter adjustment line and increased by an upward adjustment of the parameter adjustment line. 
     Therefore, it is feasible to configure interfaces embodying the invention to respond to adjustments made in any direction. For example, selecting a point on the parameter adjustment line and dragging the selected point in a direction that displaces the line from its original position causes adjustments to be made to the audio file associated with the parameter adjustment line. Thus, the parameter adjustment line enables the user to adjust the parameters of the audio file at any point during playback. It should be noted that although the description herein uses lines as the geographic shape used to make adjustments, the audio display region or other parts of the interface may implement the same functionality using any type of graphic element that represents the parameters of an audio file as it is played back over time. 
     In the example of  FIG. 4 , each audio display region is configured so that zero or more parameter adjustment lines are associated with each audio file and any adjustments made to these parameter adjustment lines relate to the point in time indicated on the timeline component associated with the audio file. For instance, the volume parameter is at its lowest point when playback crosses time equivalent to point  402 B of timeline component  306 . Thus, adjustments made at point  402 B have the most significant effect on the audio file during the playback that occurs between points  402 B and  403 A. However, if the user were to move point  403 A above or below its original position changes may also occur between point  403 A and the right-end of parameter adjustment line  400 . 
     C. Initiating Special Functions Via the Timeline Component 
     One embodiment of the invention allows users to initiate one or more special functions via timeline component  306 . One example of a special function the timeline component is capable of initiating is referred to generally as a select function. The select function receives as input to the timeline component a beginning and end time that identifies the portion of the audio file to be selected and generates a selection overlay that visually highlights the identified area. In some instances, the selection overlay highlights the timeline component itself, the waveform component and any parameter components the user opted to make visible. For instance, when a user selects a set of time points on timeline component  306 , the system generates the selection overlay that highlights the regions of the timeline component  306 , waveform component and parameter components identified by the user&#39;s selection. 
     Each of the time points depicted on timeline component  306  is indicative of a fixed interval of time. Thus, the user can determine an approximate begin and end time by glancing at the timeline. The timeline component, however, is not required to contain a set of time points having fixed intervals and the system may render the timeline with variable intervals or with no intervals. In one embodiment of the invention, the time associated with a point on timeline component  306  is visually depicted within the interface when the user selects or moves an input device over a part of the timeline. The user may utilize this functionality to identify a start and end time of the selection to be made. 
       FIG. 5  shows an example of an interface configured to implement the timeline-based selection mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention. To generate selection overlay  502 , a user may indicate the start and end points to be associated with the selection overlay by directing an input device to a specific region or regions of timeline component  306 . If, for example, the user wants to start a selection at region  500 A and end the selection at region  500 B, the user could instruct the system to generate selection overlay  502  between these two regions by moving a pointing device to region  500 A, selecting that region, and then dragging the pointing device to region  500 B, ending the selection there. 
     Alternatively the user may opt to have the system generate a selection overlay associated with the entire duration of an audio file by double-clicking or otherwise selecting timeline component  306  at a single point. Although the start and end points of selection overlay  502  are identified via an input device (e.g. a pointing device), the invention also contemplates the use of other user based input modes. For instance, the user may identify the start and end points using any input device to define the time point where selection overlay  502  is to begin and end. In another instance, the system is configured to automatically identify the bounds of selection overlay  502  based on user inputs associated with timeline component  306 . This automatic process can optionally make use of audio analysis to assist the user with identifying an optimal start and end point. The system may, for instance, assist the user with making selections that do not cut the audio file in the midst of an attack, a key beat or crescendo. 
     Using timeline component  306  as the basis for the point of selection enables the user to assess the duration of time associated with the selection that is made. Because the interface also depicts an associated waveform component and zero or more parameter components, the user is also able to quickly determine the audio characteristics of the area being selected. Referring to  FIG. 5 , for instance, by quickly glancing at the parameter component associated with volume, the user can determine that the volume at the selected area starts at a lower level than at the end. The user can also discern from looking at waveform component  310 , that the selected area of the audio file has a series of beats that vary in duration with intervening periods of silence. The user can then make a determination as to what time during payback is best to start or end the selection. In the example illustrated in  FIG. 5 , the user elected by selecting point  500 A to begin in the middle of a beat and by selecting point  500 B to end in a similar manner. If such an effect were not desired the user could alternatively select a point on the timeline that corresponds with the period of time between beats (e.g., point  501 ). Thus, the interface configured in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention provides users with a way to determine the characteristics of the area of the audio file and make an informed decision about what area to select. 
     If the visual cues depicted within the display region do not provide enough information about the characteristics of the audio file or if the user wishes to fine-tune the selection, the user may opt to listen to the selected area itself by selecting a playback button. Once the user is satisfied with the area selected, the user can perform additional special functions upon the selected area. 
     Other special functions associated with the timeline component include a copy or move function that enables users to duplicate or move a selected area of the audio file (e.g., the area associated with the selection overlay). For instance, the user can initiate a move command and thereby cause the system to move the audio data associated with the selection overlay from one part of the interface to another part of the interface. Other functions include a cut command that deletes the area of the audio file associated with the selection overlay and a copy operation that duplicates the selected area elsewhere in the interface. The user may also initiate special functions (e.g., duplicating the audio file and the corresponding set of parameters) by dragging the area of the waveform having an associated selection overlay from one region of the interface to another. When a duplicate or move function is initiated the system generates a new instance of the audio file based on the selection overlay. The new instance comprises a duplicate set of the data that falls within the bounds of the selection overlay. However, in instances where a move operation occurs the system may use the original data rather than create a duplicate. 
       FIG. 6  illustrates a duplicate  600  of selected area  502  as it would appear in a part of the editing region separate from the location of the original audio file. The selected area contains the adjusted parameters depicted in parameter components  302  and  304  as well as any other parameters associated with the file, but unadjusted by the user. The user can elect to adjust the parameters of the duplicated area without affecting the original from which the duplicate was derived. A user could, for example, modify parameter adjustment lines  601  and  602  without causing any impact upon the original audio file depicted in  FIG. 5 . 
     In one embodiment of the invention the area of playback that falls within the selection overlay can be applied to multiple audio display regions within the same playback period. Users can, for instance, perform this action by selecting the same range of time for multiple audio display regions. This may be accomplished in one embodiment by selecting the range of time in one audio display region and issuing a command (e.g., a keystroke combination or mouse input) to propagate the selection made in that area to another audio display region. Thus causing the same range of time to be selected in those audio display regions, and all of the special operations then apply to those audio display regions that include the selection region. 
       FIGS. 7-11  illustrate the selection function in accordance with and embodiment of the present invention. In these illustrations, timeline component (master selection bar)  730  may be associated with all the audio files in the editing region, e.g.,  701 ,  702 ,  703 , and  704 ; timeline component  731  may be associated with audio file  701 ; timeline component  732  may be associated with audio file  702 ; timeline component  733  may be associated with audio file  703 ; and timeline component  734  may be associated with audio file  704 . 
     The selection function is integrated into the timeline component interface thus reducing the multiple selection steps of the prior art to a single step. For instance, in  FIG. 7 , the selection is accomplished when the user clicks and drags the pointer (e.g. mouse)  720  from timeline point  710  to timeline point  711  of timeline  731 , which relates to audio track  701 . The selected region  750  of audio track  701  is highlighted in this embodiment. Note that the colors and highlights used to depict the audio track and the selection may be accomplished with any combination of visual effects. For instance, the audio track may be depicted in color such as green, and the selected area may be depicted in light blue. 
       FIG. 8  is an illustration of selection of multiple audio tracks in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In this illustration, region  850 , which comprises all the audio tracks in the display region, e.g., audio tracks  701 ,  702 ,  703 , and  704 , may be selected using the master selection bar  730 . This may be accomplished by click and dragging pointer  720  from timeline point  810  to timeline point  811  of the master selection bar  730 . As illustrated, the selected area includes all the audio tracks in the display region. 
       FIG. 9  is an illustration of discontinuous selection of multiple audio tracks in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated, region  950 A comprising audio track  701  and region  950 B comprising audio tracks  703  and  704  may be selected using an addition key, such as the Command key in Apple computers, or the Control key in personal computers, or any other key that performs the desired function (collectively called the Command key). To accomplish the selection, the user first makes a desired selection on any of the selection bars  730 ,  731 ,  732 ,  733 , or  734 . The user then holds the Command key down while clicking on the other tracks. For instance, the user may use selection bar  730  to select all the tracks  701 - 704 , and then while holding the Command key the user may click on tracks that are not needed in the selection, for example, track  702 , as illustrated in  FIG. 9 . 
     The selection of regions  950 A and  950 B may also be accomplished by first selecting region  703  by clicking and dragging on timeline selection bar  733 , then while holding down the Command key, clicking on tracks  701  and  704 . Note that the above illustrations are not exhaustive of how selection may be accomplished. In actual practice, there are several ways to accomplish the desired selection, which cannot all be described herein. 
       FIG. 10  is an illustration of the pasting function in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. For instance, the selected regions  950 A and  950 B may be pasted into regions  1050 A and  1050 B as shown in  FIG. 10 . This could be accomplished by clicking and dragging the selected region (e.g. by holding down the Command key) to the desired new location. 
     D. Method for Implementing Timeline Based Audio File Selection 
     A stepwise walkthrough of the process selection and pasting is depicted in  FIG. 11 . The process initiates when the system (e.g., computer software or hardware) generates an interface containing visual representations of a timeline component, one or more waveform components, and zero or more parameter components (e.g., step  1102 ). When the user utilizes an input device to identify a start and end point on the timeline component, the system obtains the user&#39;s selection (e.g., step  1104 ) and uses that information to generate a selection overlay (e.g., step  1106 ). In one embodiment of the invention, the selection overlay is translucent although the system may also generate opaque or other types of selection overlays. The purpose of the selection overlay is to visually represent the area of the audio file the user can perform special functions upon (e.g., step  1108 ). For instance, the user may cause the system to generate a duplicate of the selection area of the audio file and that area&#39;s corresponding parameters by copying the area represented by the selection overlay from one area of the interface to another. For instance, if the user wanted to repeat the same segments back-to-back the user may do so by dragging a selection overlay to a point along the timeline component that falls subsequent to the first instance of the audio file. Once the selection is moved, or copied, and the system creates another instance of the part of the audio file associated with the selection overlay, the user is free to modify the parameters and other characteristics associated with the newly created instance (e.g., step  1110 ). Modifications made to the new instance are independent of any changes made to the original file from which the instance was derived. Thus, changes to the copy do not necessarily affect the original. It is, however, within the scope of the invention for the original and the copy to have a tightly coupled relationship so that modifications to the copy affect the original and vise-versa. 
     Thus a graphical user interface for providing timeline-based selection of an audio file segment has been described. The claims, however, and the full scope of any equivalents are what define the invention.