Abstract:
The invention encompasses a removable attachment for installing on a bicycle with the goal of altering the resistance to either front tire or back tire revolution. In this way, the bicycle includes enhanced physical training capabilities allowing the rider to use a bicycle on a standard trainer frame or as a regular bicycle for riding in the usual manner. In one embodiment, the attachment includes a resistance support connected to a bicycle and supporting a resistance device that engages a bicycle wheel or bicycle tire for altering the resistance to tire revolution. In this exemplary embodiment, the apparatus includes a resistance support attached to the bicycle proximate a bicycle tire along with a resistance device removably attached to the resistance support. In one embodiment, the resistance device defines a slot, and the resistance support projects through the slot to position the resistance device against the bicycle wheel or the bicycle tire.

Description:
PRIORITY CLAIM 
       [0001]    This application claims priority to and incorporates entirely by reference U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/354,676 filed on Jun. 14, 2010, and incorporated by reference in its entirety herein. This application claims priority to and incorporates entirely by reference U.S. Pat. No. 7,766,798, filed on Sep. 8, 2008, and entitled “Bicycle Trainer with Variable Resistance to Pedaling.” This application further claims priority to and incorporates entirely by reference U.S. Pat. No. 7,955,228 filed on Nov. 13, 2008, and entitled “Magnetic Bicycle Trainer.” This application further claims priority to and incorporates entirely by reference U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/725,654 filed on Mar. 17, 2010, and entitled “Modular Tire with Variable Tread Surfaces.” 
     
    
     FIELD OF INVENTION 
       [0002]    The invention relates to the field of bicycles and devices that attach to bicycles to adjust the resistance to pedaling and to provide a mechanism to enhance physical fitness training capabilities of the bicycle. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    The invention is an improvement to bicycle trainers. In the prior art, individuals desiring to exercise with a bicycle have two options: (i) a stationary bicycle installed in a gym or a home or (ii) a portable trainer to which the individual attaches a standard bicycle. Both of these options require the user to exercise in one location, usually inside. A need exists in the area of bicycle training for equipment that allows an individual to use a specialized training regimen while riding a bicycle outside along a standard travel surface (i.e., a road, a track, a trail, and the like). Currently, an individual using a standard bicycle for exercise can adjust the intensity of the workout by riding the bicycle along planned routes of varying elevations, changing gears on the bicycle to require more intense pedaling, or both. A useful improvement to this kind of training would include equipment that gives the rider more options to vary the intensity of the pedaling required to continue. Along these lines, the rider needs bicycle accessories that adjust the resistance of tire revolution at the option of the rider and without being dependent upon the elevation of the travel path. Additionally, the bicycle training accessories could, at the option of the rider, be used to enhance a workout on a standard stationary bicycle trainer. The invention is set forth in the drawings herein as summarized below: 
         [0004]    The invention encompasses a removable attachment for installing on a bicycle with the goal of altering the resistance to either front tire or back tire revolution. In this way, the bicycle includes enhanced physical training capabilities allowing the rider to use a bicycle on a standard trainer frame or as a regular bicycle for riding in the usual manner. In one embodiment, the attachment includes a resistance support connected to a bicycle and supporting a resistance device that engages a bicycle wheel or bicycle tire for altering the resistance to tire revolution. In this exemplary embodiment, the apparatus includes a resistance support attached to the bicycle proximate a bicycle tire along with a resistance device removably attached to the resistance support. In one embodiment, the resistance device defines a slot, and the resistance support projects through the slot to position the resistance device against the bicycle wheel or the bicycle tire. 
         [0005]    In a different example, the invention includes the resistance support defining a groove or slot and the resistance device attached to the slot. 
         [0006]    The resistance devices disclosed herein are interchangeable among themselves and attach to interchangeable resistance support devices. The resistance support devices may be positioned for associating with either the front tire or the back tire and may engage numerous points on the bicycle including but not limited to the seatstay, the down tube, the seat tube, and the like. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
         [0007]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a rear tire of a standard bicycle elevated on a bicycle trainer and having a resistance support extending from the seat stay connected to the rear forks. 
           [0008]      FIG. 2  shows an embodiment of the resistance support on a bicycle frame and allows for the bicycle to be ridden outside (i.e., not on a standard bicycle trainer). 
           [0009]      FIG. 3  is a perspective view of an exemplary bracketing system for holding a resistance support on the seat stay. 
           [0010]      FIG. 4  is a top view of an exemplary resistance support having openings for attaching a resistance device. 
           [0011]      FIG. 5  is a side view of one kind of resistance device sliding onto a resistance support. 
           [0012]      FIG. 6  is a cross section view of a resistance device according to the disclosure herein. 
           [0013]      FIG. 7  is a perspective view of a resistance device including a battery housing for use with an electromagnet according to the disclosure herein. 
           [0014]      FIG. 8  is a perspective view of a resistance device having adjustable tension according to the disclosure herein. 
           [0015]      FIG. 9  is a cross section view of a resistance device utilizing magnetic resistance according to the disclosure herein. 
           [0016]      FIG. 10  shows a cross section of a resistance device utilized with a layered tire embodiment according to the invention herein. 
           [0017]      FIG. 11  shows an exemplary embodiment of a layered tire for use with the resistance device disclosed herein. 
           [0018]      FIG. 12  shows a different view of the resistance device according to  FIG. 11 . 
           [0019]      FIG. 13  is a cross section view of a layered embodiment of a tire used with a resistance device according to this disclosure. 
           [0020]      FIG. 14  shows a resistance device according to this invention and uses the bicycle wheel rim as a source of ferromagnetism. 
           [0021]      FIG. 15  shows cross section view of a magnetic clip that attaches to the rim of a bicycle wheel and allows for use of a magnetic resistance device according to this invention. 
           [0022]      FIG. 16  shows a magnetic clip that crosses over the spokes of a standard bicycle wheel and allows for using a magnetic resistance device according to this invention. 
           [0023]      FIG. 17A  shows a second segment of a magnetic clip that crosses over the spokes of a standard bicycle wheel according to the invention described herein. 
           [0024]      FIG. 17B  shows a third segment of a magnetic clip for use with the segments shown in  FIGS. 16 and 17A . 
           [0025]      FIG. 18  shows a cross section of the magnetic clip segments of  FIGS. 16 ,  17 A, and  17 B. 
           [0026]      FIG. 19  shows a side view of a resistance device attached to the seat stay and incorporating sufficient magnetic force for use with a ferromagnetic disc brake. 
           [0027]      FIG. 20  shows a cross section view of the resistance device according to  FIG. 19 . 
           [0028]      FIG. 21  shows a cross section of a resistance device according to  FIG. 19  with the addition of a separate ferromagnetic resistance disc according to the disclosure herein. 
           [0029]      FIG. 22  shows a cross section of a disc brake embodiment of the invention with magnets integrated into the brake pad assembly. 
           [0030]      FIG. 23  is a perspective view of the magnets of  FIG. 22 . 
           [0031]      FIG. 24  shows a perspective view of a resistance device connected to the chainstay of a bicycle according to this invention. 
           [0032]      FIG. 25  shows a side view of the embodiment of  FIG. 24 . 
           [0033]      FIG. 25A  shows a tire hub fitting around a ferromagnetic axle on a bicycle wheel. 
           [0034]      FIG. 25B  shows a cross section of the embodiment of  FIG. 25A . 
           [0035]      FIG. 25C  shows an embodiment of the axle of  FIG. 25  with the axle as a solid cylinder. 
           [0036]      FIG. 25D  shows an embodiment of the axle of  FIG. 25  with the axle as a grooved structure for use with electromagnetic embodiments of the disclosure herein. 
           [0037]      FIG. 26  shows a resistance device according to  FIG. 5  with resistance rollers incorporated therein. 
           [0038]      FIG. 27  shows a perspective view of the resistance device according to  FIG. 26 . 
           [0039]      FIG. 28  shows a resistance device according to this disclosure in which the rollers are positioned via squeezable mechanical structure to adjust tension. 
           [0040]      FIG. 29  shows a cross section of the resistance device according to  FIG. 28  with the addition of a spring for tension adjustment. 
           [0041]      FIG. 30A-30D  show various rollers for use with the resistance device of  FIG. 26 . 
           [0042]      FIG. 31  shows a cross section of the resistance device of  FIG. 29  with tension adjusting handles attached to a tension coil. 
           [0043]      FIG. 32  shows a cross section of the resistance device of  FIG. 29  with tension adjusting handles attached to a ratcheting mechanism. 
           [0044]      FIG. 33  shows a cross section of the resistance device of  FIG. 32  defining an opening for attaching to the resistance support of  FIG. 1 . 
           [0045]      FIG. 34  shows an embodiment of this invention with a slotted resistance support attached to a seat tube on a bicycle. 
           [0046]      FIG. 35  shows a top view of a resistance device having a connector for sliding into the slot of the resistance support of  FIG. 34 . 
           [0047]      FIG. 36  shows an embodiment of a resistance device for connecting to the resistance support of  FIG. 34  and incorporating a bifurcated tension cable for tightening rollers against a tire rim. 
           [0048]      FIG. 37  shows a resistance device in the form of parallel rollers on opposite sides of a seat post. 
           [0049]      FIG. 38  shows a cross section of a roller oriented resistance device adjusted by a ratcheting mechanism. 
           [0050]      FIG. 39  shows the ratcheting mechanism with positioning nodes thereon. 
           [0051]      FIG. 40  shows a resistance device according to  FIG. 36  with holes for receiving pins to adjust tension on the rollers. 
           [0052]      FIG. 41  is an embodiment of a resistance device according to  FIG. 5  with attachment straps for attaching to the bicycle. 
           [0053]      FIG. 42  shows a resistance device as disclosed herein with tension cables for adjusting the pressure on a bicycle tire. 
           [0054]      FIG. 43  shows a resistance device as disclosed herein with tension cables for adjusting the pressure on a bicycle tire. 
           [0055]      FIG. 44  shows a resistance device as disclosed herein with tension cables for adjusting the pressure on a bicycle tire. 
           [0056]      FIG. 45  shows a resistance device for attaching to a seat post and incorporating an electromagnetic resistance assembly according to the disclosure herein. 
           [0057]      FIGS. 46A and 46B  show a resistance assembly utilizing rollers embedded in brake pads. 
           [0058]      FIGS. 47A and 47B  shows a resistance assembly utilizing multiple rollers embedded in the same brake pad. 
           [0059]      FIGS. 48A and 48B  show a brake pad with an electromagnet embedded therein for use with a ferromagnetic assembly on a bicycle tire. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0060]    This detailed description includes certain terms that are related to bicycle parts (or “bicycle anatomy”) that are commonly known in the art of bicycles. Terms related to bicycles and bicycle trainers are given their broadest ordinary meaning. A bicycle according to this invention encompasses a two wheeled machine with handle bars, a seat, pedals, a chain, and other normal parts of the everyday bicycle. The invention disclosed herein may be used with a bicycle trainer frame that allows a user to attach his or her own bicycle to the frame to simulate riding conditions. The invention also encompasses embodiments that are attached to a bicycle that is ridden in a normal way, such as a road bike or trail bike. 
         [0061]    A bicycle typically consists of two wheels having respective rims for attaching respective bicycle tires. The bicycle tires have a road surface for engaging the road and side walls that extend when inflated. A bicycle in accordance with this invention includes commonly known standard parts (i.e., a seat, handle bars, brakes, break levers, gears, a chain, spokes, and the like). Other parts of a bicycle are useful for attaching a resistance support there to and are known by terms that are commonly known by those skilled in the art of bicycles. In this regard, this specification includes terms for bicycle parts that should be given their broadest meaning in line with common usage in the art of bicycles. For instance, a bicycle includes a seat post holding the saddle or seat. The seat post is connected to a downwardly extending seat tube connected proximate the pedals. A seat stay extends toward the rear tire from the seat post toward the rear axle. On the front end of the bicycle, a stem connects the handlebars to a top tube that extends from the handlebars to the seat post. A head tube connects the front axle to the top tube, and a down tube extends from the head tube toward the pedals. All of these bicycle anatomy terms are listed for example only, and these terms are intended to have their broadest meaning in terms of actual position and use in a bicycle structure. 
         [0062]    The term bicycle trainer is used in its broadest sense to include all kinds of devices that individuals use to simulate bicycle riding conditions with a bicycle. A bicycle trainer often has a trainer frame that is stable on a support surface and lifts a rear tire of a bicycle off the floor while allowing the bicycle pedals to rotate the tire. A bicycle trainer often has a mechanism that adjusts the resistance to bicycle pedaling (i.e., a cylinder or roller against which a rear tire presses). 
         [0063]      FIG. 1  shows a standard bicycle having a bicycle frame  101  that can engage a bicycle training stand  100  to elevate the bicycle for training in a stationary setting. The bicycle includes standard parts in the form of a rear tire  102  on a rear tire axle  103  connected to a chain-stay  105 . In today&#39;s training equipment, the training stand  100  includes a cylinder engaging the rear tire of the bicycle to vary resistance to pedaling. The invention herein, however, changes that standard set up to attach resistance enhancing accessories to the bicycle itself. The predominant tool for enhancing resistance in  FIG. 1  is the resistance support  104 . The resistance support is adapted to receive resistance enhancing equipment, or a resistance device, thereon at the option of the user without interfering with standard bicycle operation in any way. In this embodiment, the resistance device  120  would slide over the resistance support  104 . The resistance devices  120  are described in more detail in turn below. 
         [0064]      FIG. 2  shows an embodiment of the resistance support  104  on a bicycle frame  101  and allows for the bicycle to be ridden outside (i.e., not on a standard bicycle trainer). 
         [0065]      FIG. 3  shows a bracket set up for attaching the resistance support  104  to the bicycle frame, in particular the seat stay  110 . The bracket consists of a top bracket  108  and a bottom bracket  109 , each having a respective front face ( 112 ,  114 ) and rear face ( 111 ,  113 ). The bracket portions connect to one another around the seat stays  110 . 
         [0066]      FIG. 4  shows the resistance support  104  having attachment openings  115  that could receive a pin or other latch for attaching a resistance device  120  to the prong-shaped resistance support  104 . 
         [0067]      FIG. 5  shows one embodiment of a resistance device  120  that fits about the resistance support  104  attached to the bicycle frame. The resistance support  104  holds the resistance device  120  in a particular orientation relative to the rear tire  102  of the bicycle. This particular resistance device  120 , which does not limit the invention in any way is only shown as an example, is especially useful for providing resistance to pedaling in conjunction with a magnetic sleeve attached to the rear tire. The resistance device, therefore, would provide a second magnetic force that engages a magnetic sleeve on the rear tire to adjust the resistance to pedaling. 
         [0068]      FIG. 6  shows more details regarding a resistance device  120  of  FIG. 5 , including an outer housing and a slot  121  for sliding over the resistance support  104 . A magnetic plate  124  would provide the above described second magnetic field for use with a sleeve on the rear tire having a first magnetic field. See prior noted U.S. Pat. No. 7,955,228, incorporated herein in its entirety, for more details regarding the magnetic sleeve. As seen in prior embodiments set forth in the &#39;228 patent by this same inventor, a bicycle tire may be composed of a slot for placing a removable strip with a magnetic inner portion that fits within the slot. In a preferred embodiment, the strip fitting within the tire slot is further characterized by a rubber coating intended to engage the road during use. The magnetic plate  124  of the resistance device  120  is held in place by a magnetic plate bracket (H-shaped)  126  that fits within hollowed portions of the resistance device for accurate plate positioning around the tire. An adjustable screw  127  controls proximity of the magnetic plate with the magnetic sleeve. The adjustable screw  127  has interior threading to receive a counter screw  128  holding the H-shaped bracket in place. Channels  125  in the outer housing of the resistance device  120  receive the outer legs of the H-shaped bracket  126 . 
         [0069]      FIG. 7  is an overview of another resistance device  120  that fits on the resistance support  104  and includes a battery housing  130  for use with electromagnetic trainers discussed in the above noted prior U.S. Pat. No. 7,955,228. 
         [0070]      FIG. 8  is an overall combination of  FIGS. 5-7  and shows a resistance device  120  that slides over the resistance support  104  and provides for magnetic portions  124  to surround a bicycle tire. 
         [0071]      FIG. 9  is an embodiment of a new trainer used for riding on a road or track outside and incorporating the resistance modulating devices  104  described above. The embodiment of  FIG. 9  is particularly suited for use with slotted tire embodiments set forth in prior patent applications (e.g., Ser. No. 12/725,654 incorporated herein by reference) and described above. In the drawing of  FIG. 9 , a magnetic plate  124  is in electromagnetic communication with a magnetic portion of a slotted tire receiving a magnetic sleeve around the tire. The sleeve has magnetic side panels  136 A, B for electromagnetically engaging the magnetic plate  124  and a rubberized section  135  that the rider can use on the road. In a different embodiment utilizing the same magnetic plates  124 , the magnetic portion of the bicycle tire may be incorporated into the tire itself ( 102 ). In this regard, the cross section of the tire  102  would show a layer of magnetic material (e.g., a magnetic film) surrounded by adjacent layers of rubber for contacting the inner tube  107  on one side and the road on the opposite side. 
         [0072]      FIG. 10  shows the combination of  FIGS. 5-9  but the tire is circumferentially layered so that the magnetic portion of the tire is an inner layer  138 . The tire has an outer rubber layer  135  for engaging the road. 
         [0073]    FIGS.  11 / 12 / 13  shows yet another embodiment for providing a magnetic insert  139  to the tire as shown in cross section in  FIG. 13 . See also prior U.S. Pat. No. 7,955,228 incorporated entirely by reference herein. Reference  139  shows the magnetic layer between inner tube  107  and the tire  102 . The magnetic layer  139  includes tabs  140  that fit within openings in the tire  141 . The cross section is taken with the tabs extending through the openings  141 . 
         [0074]      FIG. 14  shows a way of using the bicycle tire rim  106  as a source of ferromagnetism. By making the rim  106  of a lightweight ferromagnetic material, the trainer body can be positioned adjacent the rim with the magnetic plate in sufficient proximity thereto for variable resistance to pedaling. The rim  106  would be positioned in proximity to the resistance device  120 . The magnetic plate  124 , the H-shaped magnetic plate bracket  126 , adjustable screw  127 , and counter screw  128  are all the same as described above. 
         [0075]      FIG. 15  shows an accessory for making a standard rim of a bicycle a ferromagnetic rim for use as shown in  FIG. 14  above. The device of  FIG. 15  incorporates a magnetic clip  145  that fits on a standard bicycle rim so that the clip electromagnetically engages the resistance device  120  via a magnetic plate  124 . The resistance device is held in place on the resistance support  104  as described above. 
         [0076]      FIG. 16  shows a new kind of ferromagnetic clip  145  that crosses over the spokes of a bicycle wheel. The ferromagnetic clip of  FIG. 16  is modular in that separate pieces engage the bicycle rim to avoid crossing over the associated spokes of the bicycle wheel. The magnetic clip of this invention has an abbreviated side  145 A that fits over the rim up to the point of bracing against a first spoke extending from the rim to the bicycle tire axle. An associated section of the magnetic clip  145 , referred to herein as a mating side  145 B, continues around the first spoke until it extends up against a second spoke. The abbreviated sides  145 A and mating sides  145 B connect around the circumference of the bicycle tire rim, avoiding spokes accordingly. To accomplish this connection among abbreviated and mating sides (shown in detail in  FIGS. 17 and 18 ), each portion has a section that extends approximately 270 degrees around a bicycle rim and then an extension that fits across the rim until it abuts a spoke. Then the next section has an extension fits on the other side of the spoke over the rim to match the first extension. The pattern continues until the entire rim is covered by a magnetic clip  145 .  FIG. 18  shows the cross section of the result. 
         [0077]      FIGS. 19-23  fit a magnetic resistance device  153  over a disk brake  150  which can be made of a ferromagnetic material. The clip  153  attaches via a support arm  152  that is connected to a seat stay  110 . A seat stay attachment  151  holds the magnetic resistance device in position. This embodiment allows a U-shaped magnet  153  to surround the disc brake, providing a means of electromagnetically varying resistance to pedaling. The magnetic resistance device  153  is positioned so that it does not hinder operation of the gears and derailleur  154 .  FIG. 20  is an expanded rear view of the device shown in  FIG. 19 . 
         [0078]      FIG. 21  shows that the magnetic resistance device may be positioned via a pivot point  156 . For those bicycles using a disc that is not ferromagnetic, this embodiment of the invention incorporates a second disc  160  onto the axle. The magnet  153  is positioned to be magnetically coupled to the second disc  160 . 
         [0079]      FIG. 22  shows an embodiment of  FIGS. 19-21  that allows for ferromagnetic components to optionally adjust the resistance to pedaling and further provide for disc brakes to fit within the same assembly. The figure shows brake pads  155 A,  155 B (dotted) fitting through an opening in respective vertically oriented magnets  157 A,  157 B. Again, the point is to provide magnets in proximity to currently used bicycle structures, such as a disc brake to control resistance to pedaling.  FIG. 23  is a perspective view of the magnets of  FIG. 22 . 
         [0080]      FIG. 24  shows that a disk other than a disk brake may be made available on a standard bicycle to accomplish the goals of this invention in providing accessories that can be made available to add and subtract resistance to pedaling.  FIG. 24  shows adding an electromagnetic pedal disk  160  to the cross bar  166  of a bicycle pedal assembly (pedals  164 , crankarm  163 ). A magnet  153  is adjacent the disk  160 . The magnet  153  is held in place in a way that is similar to above-described embodiments. In  FIG. 24 , the magnet  153  is held in place with a chainstay attachment  162 . As used above, the magnet  153  is held in position by a support arm  152  and may further include a pivot point  156 .  FIG. 25  shows a side view of the pedal embodiment of  FIG. 24 . 
         [0081]      FIG. 25A  shows a tire hub fitting around an axle on a bicycle tire. The axle is ferromagnetic, and the hub has a magnetic cylinder lining the interior opening such that the axle interchangeably extends through the hub. Resistance to pedaling is determined by the extent of the magnetic field between the two components. An electromagnet embodiment could reasonably follow from this design. 
         [0082]      FIG. 25  B is a cross section of  FIG. 25A . 
         [0083]      FIG. 25C  shows that the axle can be a solid cylinder. 
         [0084]      FIG. 25D  shows that the axle could be grooved for an electromagnetic embodiment such that conductors extend within the grooves. 
         [0085]      FIG. 26  shows yet another attachment that will be made available to the resistance support  104 . In the embodiment of  FIG. 26 , the resistance is varied by rollers  171 A and  171 B that will engage the rim of an associated bicycle. The figures show similar structural points as noted in prior embodiments. 
         [0086]      FIG. 27  shows the rollers of  FIG. 26  having a set resistance to pedaling as shown by the resistance to the rollers that brace against the tire rims. 
         [0087]      FIG. 28  uses rollers in a resistance device as in  FIGS. 26 and 27 , but in these embodiments, the resistance to pedaling is set by the elasticity of the materials that make the pliable frame  182  of the device. In  FIG. 28 , the resistance device incorporates squeezable top tabs  181 A, B for positioning the rollers  171 A, B over the tire rim. 
         [0088]      FIG. 29  adds a spring mechanism  184  to the unit of  FIG. 27 . Various embodiments of the rollers that can be used in this invention are set forth in  FIGS. 30A ,  30 B, and  30 C. The rollers may include paddles that rotate within resistance fluid to vary the resistance to pedaling ( FIG. 30A ). The rollers may engage both the rim and the tire body  FIG. 30B , or may have an angled shape to engage particularly shaped tire rims.  FIG. 30C . 
         [0089]      FIGS. 31-33  illustrate an embodiment of the invention in which the resistance support  104  has a substantially round cross section. The resistance device is in the form of a clamp that fits over a tire rim and has a round opening  121  for fitting over the resistance support  104 . A spring  201  inside the clamp sets the resistance of rollers  171 A, B.  FIGS. 32 and 33  use ratchets to allow for adjusting the tension of the rollers against the tire rim. Spring  206  keeps the teeth of the ratchet assembly engaged.  FIG. 33  shows a more compact design with the ratchet assembly located within the interior of the clamp  200 A. The clamp  200 A is further characterized by an adjustable height controller  211 ,  212  set by screw  213  to allow for different sized tires fitting between the resistance support  104  and the rim of the bicycle tire. 
         [0090]      FIG. 34  shows yet another position for attaching a resistance device that can be used on a standard bicycle. The resistance support is a bracket  220  that fits around a seat post  216 . The bracket defines a slot  225  in which a resistance device fits. 
         [0091]      FIG. 35  shows a cross section of  FIG. 34  with a resistance device incorporating rollers  171 A, B. The cross bar  222  of the resistance device fits down into the slot  225  of the bracket  220 . Pliable frame  221  sets the tension by bracing the rollers against the rim. The frame is more readily installed by using thumb rests  223 . 
         [0092]      FIG. 36  shows a resistance device with a cross bar  222  that can fit within the bracket  220 . A sliding pressure cap  230  engages a threading on the pliable frame to squeeze legs of the pliable frame together and force the rollers against the tire rim. 
         [0093]      FIG. 37  shows a seat post attachment in the form of arms on both sides of the seat post for attaching tension rollers to brace against the tire. 
         [0094]      FIGS. 38 and 39  show a seat post attachment with rollers  171 A, B that provide resistance to pedaling by adding resistance to rear tire revolution. The attachment to the seat post is controlled by ratcheting mechanism  232 - 237  and the amount of tension the rollers emit onto the back tire of a bicycle is controlled by a second ratcheting mechanism  201 - 205 .  FIG. 39  shows nodes  241  providing positioning bumps to force the ratchet teeth  202  and  205  together.  FIG. 39  further shows a more suitable shape for mountain bike tires. 
         [0095]      FIG. 40  uses the same concepts of  FIGS. 38 and 39  but instead of ratchets, holes with associated pins would accomplish the same function to hold the device to the seat post. 
         [0096]      FIG. 41  shows a strap  244  connecting the resistance device to the seat post. 
         [0097]      FIGS. 42-44  show various embodiments of using cables that the rider can manipulate from the handle bars to engage and disengage the tension of rollers or magnetic plates similar to  FIG. 9  on the resistance devices with the tire, side wall, rim, or disc brake.  FIG. 42  is a rear view of the device attached to a resistance device  104  via the opening  121 . The cable control mechanism would be positioned off the underside of the rider&#39;s seat. The cable goes up along seat post to handle bars where the user can clamp the rollers on or off or the position of the plates in relation the tire.  FIG. 43  shows part of a seat post installation shown in more detail in  FIG. 44 .  FIG. 43  shows the cable in a relaxed, non-engaged state while  FIG. 44  incorporates a C-Clamp  257  to serve as the intermediate control between a handle bar connector cable  254 B and the roller control cable  254 A. 
         [0098]      FIG. 45  shows a seat post attachment in which an electromagnet assembly  260  draws in the arms  240 A, B. Circuitry controlled through the handle bar attachments (not shown) move the electromagnets in and out to adjust the position of associated rollers or other tension forming devices. 
         [0099]      FIG. 46  shows rollers in brake pads that can be used to control resistance to pedaling in various fashions. In the embodiment of  FIG. 46 , while the user is riding the bicycle, a roller  271  is adjacent the tire. When the user engages the brakes from the handle bars, a spring  274  allows the rollers to retract so that the brakes engage the rim. A different embodiment shows that the brakes themselves could include rollers with internal paddles  272  in the rollers  271 . 
         [0100]      FIG. 47  shows multiple rollers on a single brake pad  273 . 
         [0101]      FIG. 48  shows the use of electromagnetic  276  in the brake pad  273  for magnetic resistance with the rim of a tire. 
         [0102]    The following Parts List is useful for additional explanation of the anatomy of a bicycle and the structural connections between a bicycle, a resistance support, and a resistance device according to this invention
       bicycle stand  100     bicycle frame  101     rear tire  102     rear tire axle  103     resistance support  104     chainstay  105     Brackets:  111 - 114     Seat Stays:  110     Disc of the disc brake  150     Seat Stay attachment  151     Support arm  152     U-shaped magnet (specifically electromagnet) surrounding the disc  153     Derailleur  154     Pivot point  156     Resistance device  153     Pedal stem (Crankarm)  163     Pedals  164     Pedal cross bar  166     Horizontal Frame bar Chainring  165     Chainstay attachment  162     Support arm  152     Pivot Point  156     Ferromagnetic Pedal Disc  160     Roller having an Axle  170 A, B   Roller having an Axle  171 A, B   U-shaped Bracket  180 A, B   Handles  200 A, B   Ratchet clamp having Clamp Handles for squeezing inwardly  200 A, B   Ratchet  201  having Inter-digitating  202  teeth and a ratchet handle  203     Post  204  having corresponding teeth  205  with a post support  207     Spring  206     Roller can pivot about pivot point  210  A, B to engage the rim properly   Seat Post  215     Seat Tube  216     Top Tube  217     Resistance Bracket  220     Slot for fitting the cross bar of a resistance device therein  225     Attachment holes  226  for receiving bolts for water bottle holder and the like   Resistance bracket  220  shown in cross section with securing screw  227     Pliable frame  221  for the resistance device (resistance depends on the flexibility of the frame and the inherent resistance of the roller itself)   Pressure Cap  230  engages a threading on the cross bar   Resistance Bracket  231     Arms  232     Curved Clamp handles  240  A, B that fit around a mountain bike tire   Positioning Bumps  241  provide pressure of one set of teeth onto the other   Cable  251  through openings in the bracket  252 A, B   Resistance arms for holding the rollers  250 A, B   Cable Stop  253  A, B   Cable  254     C-clamp  257     Rollers in the brake pad  273     spring  274