Abstract:
A system, method and apparatus for detecting wireless video cameras includes receiving radio waves in a radio frequency band and filtering and down-converting the radio waves into an intermediate frequency. The intermediate frequency is then filtered, amplified, and demodulated into an FM video signal. Then it is determined whether synchronization pulses exist within the FM video signal and if substantial synchronization pulses exist within the FM video signal the detection of a wireless video signal is signaled (e.g., making noise, vibrating, or illuminating).

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/929,242, filed Jan. 20, 2014, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     This invention relates to the field of portable electronics and more particularly to a system for detecting the operation of video cameras. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Over the past few decades, video cameras have evolved from stand-mounted devices too heavy for a person to carry down to a ubiquitous, tiny device. By, “ubiquitous,” a large percentage of the world&#39;s population have at least one video camera, in particular, as an included feature of most modern cellular phones (cell phones). 
     The video camera has evolved from vacuum tube light detectors that required high amounts of power and were typically large, to smaller vacuum tube based cameras that were small enough to be hand held, yet still requiring substantial power. In the later 1900s, new image detectors emerged using arrays of charge coupled devices or photo detectors (e.g. arrays of photo diodes) to detect light energy. These detectors enabled the proliferation of video cameras into many aspects of our lives, from video surveillance to the cameras in most cell phones that are sold today. These image sensors are found in low cost, small home video surveillance systems, in hand-held video recorders, in dash-mounted or body-worn video recorders (law enforcement), dash-cams, etc. The amount of video that is captured in a single day is astonishing. 
     Some small, low-power video cameras are integrated with wireless transmission technology (e.g., Wi-Fi) and batteries, creating easy-to-install home surveillance systems that easily install anywhere and relay their video signal to the Internet or to a home computer. 
     There is huge value in the vast amount of video data that is collected every day. Dash-cam video helps sort out who did what if an accident occurs, police worn cameras help protect law enforcement members from being accused of wrongful acts, home video surveillance helps identify thieves or monitor homes while on vacation, vehicle back-up cameras save lives every day, especially young children. The positive uses for modern, low cost, small sized video cameras are countless. 
     Unfortunately, as with many things, there will always be some subset of the population that will find negative uses for anything. In one example, some people who lack moral character find it rewarding to install wireless video cameras in places where others would not expect to be watched. Recent arrest reports include people being arrested for installing hidden video cameras in public restroom facilities, in dorm rooms, in locker rooms, etc. Further, some find joy in having hidden cameras throughout their home (e.g., in areas of intimacy), recording encounters with others without the knowledge of the other person. There have been stories of landlords installing hidden cameras in rental apartment showers or lovers installing hidden cameras in bedrooms, etc. Many of such recordings are somehow enjoyed by the person capturing the video, but in some cases, the person illegally discloses the video, perhaps on a web page (on the Internet), or worse, if the other person is famous, to the press, possibly exposing video images containing nudity and intimacy that severely hurts the other person in many ways. As an example, there were several videos of famous actresses or singers that were made public without those actresses&#39;/singers&#39; consent. 
     After undesired video recording occurs, the victim typically has little evidence other than the recorded product. It will be useful during prosecution to have better evidence of the location of the hidden camera(s). 
     What is needed is a portable system that will warn a person about the presence of a wireless video camera. 
     SUMMARY 
     In one embodiment, a portable system for detecting wireless video cameras is disclosed including an enclosure. At least one video receiver is housed within the enclosure. Each of the at least one video receiver operates in a radio frequency band typically used for video transmission. At least one antenna is housed within the enclosure, each of the at least one antenna is operatively coupled to a respective video receiver. A sync detector is operatively coupled to the output of each of the at least one video receiver and is housed within the enclosure. The sync detector signals an output upon detection of synchronization signals present within the output of any of the at least one video receivers. An indication device is also housed within the enclosure as is a processor. The processor is coupled to the output of the sync detector and to the indication device. The processor determines if the portable system for detecting wireless video cameras is receiving a wireless video signal and, responsive to detecting, the processor initiates operation of the indication device (e.g., making noise, vibrating, or illuminating). 
     In another embodiment, a method of detecting wireless video cameras is disclosed including receiving radio waves in a radio frequency band and filtering and down-converting the radio waves into an intermediate frequency. The intermediate frequency is then filtered, amplified, and demodulated into an FM video signal. Then it is determined whether synchronization pulses exist within the FM video signal and if substantial synchronization pulses exist within the FM video signal the detection of a wireless video signal is signaled (e.g., making noise, vibrating, or illuminating). 
     In another embodiment, a portable apparatus for detecting wireless video cameras is disclosed including an enclosure (e.g. for wearing or carrying), a video receiver that has an antenna coupled to a band pass filter tuned to a radio frequency band and a down converter that converts radio frequencies from the band pass filter into intermediate frequencies. The video receiver housed within the enclosure. The portable apparatus for detecting wireless video cameras also has a sync detector with an intermediate frequency band pass filter that takes input from the video receiver. An input of an intermediate frequency amplifier is coupled to an output of the intermediate frequency band pass filter and feeds an FM demodulator, which in turn is coupled to a sync pulse detector. An output of the sync pulse detector signals an output upon detection of synchronization signals to a processor. The processor determines if the portable system for detecting wireless video cameras is receiving a wireless video signal (e.g., a pre-programmed number of consecutive sync pulses are detected) and, responsive to detecting, the processor initiates operation to notify of the presence of the wireless video signal by, for example, making noise, vibrating, or illuminating. The processor is also housed within the enclosure. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The invention can be best understood by those having ordinary skill in the art by reference to the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a perspective view of a wireless video camera installed in a public facility. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a perspective view of a wireless video camera installed in another public facility. 
         FIG. 3  illustrates a schematic view of a system for detecting wireless video cameras. 
         FIG. 4  illustrates a second schematic view of a system for detecting wireless video cameras. 
         FIG. 5  illustrates a third schematic view of a system for detecting wireless video cameras. 
         FIG. 6  illustrates a schematic view of an exemplary processing device as used within the system for detecting wireless video cameras. 
         FIG. 7  illustrates a flow chart of exemplary software running on the processing device as used within the system for detecting wireless video cameras. 
         FIG. 8  illustrates a plan view of a cell phone receiving an indication of a detection of a local wireless video camera. 
         FIG. 9  illustrates a schematic view of a cell phone system for receiving and recording detections of local wireless video camera. 
         FIG. 10  illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary body-worn embodiment of the system for detecting local wireless video camera. 
         FIG. 11  illustrates a schematic drawing of an exemplary implementation of the system for detecting local wireless video camera. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Reference will now be made in detail to the presently preferred embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Throughout the following detailed description, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements in all figures. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 1 and 2 , perspective views of a wireless video camera  2  installed in a public facility ( 1 A in  FIGS. 1 and 1B  in  FIG. 2  are shown. Although a public facility  1 A/ 1 B is shown for exemplary purposes, wireless video cameras  2  are often installed in many locations, often unknown to people who venture into such locations. 
     To provide easy installation of many such video cameras, manufacturers have integrated small-sized image sensors with wireless transmitters (or transceivers) along with sufficient battery power to simplify installation, not requiring wires for power and/or video signals, Before such wireless video cameras  2  were available, installation of surveillance systems required installing these wires within walls, ceiling, floors, etc., which is difficult and expensive, especially in homes and offices that are already constructed. Installation is somewhat easier before construction is complete, but after construction is complete, it is difficult to relocate these video cameras. 
     Now, with battery powered, wireless video cameras  2 , installation is simply un-boxing, installing a battery, placing the wireless video camera  2  (affixing, gluing) where desired, and connecting a wireless receiver to, for example, a personal computer. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , some person, perhaps with bad intent, has installed a wireless video camera  2  in a restroom  1 A/ 1 B, perhaps hoping to capture video of an unsuspecting user of the restroom  1 A/ 1 B. Being that many wireless video cameras  2  are extremely small, it is often easy for such people to hide the wireless video camera  2  so it is difficult to visually detect. In  FIG. 1 , a young boy  6  is preparing to use a wall-mounted urinal  4 , while in  FIG. 2 , a bathroom fixture  8  is shown. It has been known to mount such wireless video cameras  2  under the rim of the commode  8 . 
     Typically, each wireless video camera  2  modulates the video signal on certain unlicensed radio frequency band(s). Each pixel of the image as detected by an image sensor within each wireless video camera  2  is rasterized (serialized) a frame (set of pixels representing the image at an instance of time) at a time onto a standard video signal that includes synchronization pulses that are used to reconstruct the detected image, frame at a time. The video signal is then modulated on an unlicensed radio frequency band such as the 902-928 MHz, 2.40-2.50 GHz, and the 5.725-5.875 GHz unlicensed radio frequency bands. Such bands are also referred to as Industrial, Scientific, and Medical bands (ISM bands). Although unlicensed bands are shown in the examples, there is no limitation as to the radio frequency band used by wireless video cameras  2 , and therefore, the disclosed systems are also anticipated to work at any frequency of the magnetic spectrum, including radio frequencies as well as light frequencies. 
     At a different location, a receiver tuned to the same unlicensed radio frequency band receives the modulated video signal and subtracts the modulation frequency, resulting in an unmodulated video signal. The sync pulses within the unmodulated video signal are used by the receiver to determine when each frame and when each line within the frame begins and, using such, the receiver reassembles each video frame which is, for example, displayed or stored. In some wireless video systems, the frames are compressed before storing using, for example, MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 image compression standards. 
     Note that, there is no limitation on the type of wireless video camera  2  and no limitation on the transmission frequencies, modulation techniques, and encoding used. The disclosed detection system is adaptable to any transmission frequencies, modulation techniques, and/or encoding. The examples used cover the more prevalent wireless video cameras  2  as currently understood. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 3 through 5 , schematic views of a system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  are shown. Note that, in all three examples, a simplified system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  is shown for clarity purposes. It is fully anticipated that in some systems for detecting wireless video cameras  10 , more or less detectors  12 / 22 / 24  are employed and/or additional detectors to recognize other video transmission schemes such as transmitting video over Bluetooth, Wi-Fi (e.g. IEEE 802.11), or light wave transmission over, for example, infrared. It is further understood that any type and number of indication devices  48  be employed such as illuminated indicators (e.g., LEDs), vibration indicators (e.g., micro-motor with offset weight on shaft), sounders, buzzers, bells, etc. In some embodiments, there is no indication of detection  48  within the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  and, instead, the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  emits a wireless signal (e.g. Bluetooth) that is linked to another device such as a cell phone  102  or music player  100 , which logs the event (and possibly the location) and, optionally, makes an indication of detection by, for example, displaying a message, vibrating, making noise, illuminating, etc. 
     It is also anticipated that the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  be packaged in any portable format, such that the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  and power source (e.g. replaceable or rechargeable battery) is difficult to detect by others. For example, as shown in  FIG. 10 , the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  is integrated into an ornamental bracelet, therefore, the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  takes the form of fashion. In other body-worn or portable packaging options, the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  is packaged as a pendant, pin, cuff link, earring, etc. In some embodiments, the packaging is designed to be worn while in others, the packaging is designed to be carried in, for example, a handbag, purse, wallet, pocket, etc. The small size and packaging design provides some degree of camouflage. It is anticipated that after some amount of time in public, people will start to recognize the style, shape, and color of such packages. Therefore, some packaging is designed to be stealthier, fitting inside a purse or handbag, or in one&#39;s pocket or clipped onto clothing, belts, socks, or pockets. Further, it is also anticipated that as various designers create fashion accessories that have cavities for storing small electronic devices such as exercise trackers, diet trackers, health monitors, etc., the packaging is designed to fit within such cavities. 
     In the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  as per  FIGS. 3 through 6 , the radio frequency signal emitted by the wireless video camera  2  is received by one or more antenna  9 / 13 / 23 / 33  of the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10 . In  FIGS. 3 and 5 , each anticipated radio frequency is received by separate antennae  13 / 23 / 33  (or elements), and in such, each antenna is anticipated to be tuned to one of the anticipated radio frequencies or a band of the anticipated radio frequencies. In  FIG. 4 , a single antenna  9  is used to receive all anticipated radio frequencies. Any small sized (e.g. micro-antenna) is anticipated. In some examples, one or more antenna  9 / 13 / 23 / 33  with multiple elements for receiving multiple radio frequencies or bands of radio frequencies are used. 
     The radio frequency signal from the antenna  9 / 13 / 23 / 33  is then detected by one or more detectors  12 / 22 / 32 , each detector operating on one or more frequencies on which wireless video cameras  2  typically operate. Although it is shown that the detectors  12 / 22 / 32  operate on specific frequencies, it is fully anticipated that some detectors  12 / 22 / 32  sweep over a series or range of frequencies, stopping when finding a radio frequency signal that has significant signal strength. 
     The output of each detector  12 / 22 / 32  is modulated video signal. Each output (modulated video signal) is coupled to a respective down converter  14 / 24 / 34  which extracts the video signal from the radio frequency signal. In such, the video signal includes pixel information and synchronization pulses (e.g. horizontal and vertical synchronization pulses) that are typically used by the receiver of the video signal to reconstruct the video, frame by frame. In the exemplary systems for detecting wireless video cameras  10 , these synchronization pulses that are used to determine if the radio frequency signal contains encoded video, although other detection schemes are also fully anticipated and included here within. For example, in some embodiments, the radio frequency signal emitted by the wireless video camera conforms to certain wireless local area network standards such a Bluetooth and Wi-Fi (e.g., IEEE 802.11). In such, different detectors  12 / 22 / 32  are employed that receive data according to such standards and determine if the data contains video data by, for example, monitoring data streams for MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 encoded data, etc. 
     In the embodiments shown in  FIGS. 3 through 5 , outputs of the down converters  14 / 24 / 34  are combined and feed a sync detector  40 . If any of the detectors  12 / 24 / 34  and down converters  14 / 24 / 34  emits video output indicative of a video transmission (e.g. synchronization pulses), this presence of a synchronization signal is detected the synchronization detector  40  and the output of the synchronization detector  40  changes (e.g. changes from high to low or low to high) indicating the presence of a synchronization signal. 
     The output of the synchronization detector  40  is monitored by a processor  44  or logic  44  (e.g. a logic array) to determine and/or record instances of video transmission. The detection of a single synchronization pulse is generally not indicative of a wireless video camera  2 , but the detection of several sequential synchronization pulses by the processor  44  (or logic), especially if the synchronization pulses are separated in time by a standard amount as defined, for example, by the National Television System Committee (NTSC) standard in North America (e.g. synchronization pulses approximately every 16.6 milliseconds). Again, note that in various parts of the world, other standards and timing are utilized such as Phase Alternating Line (PAL) and Sequential Color with Memory (SECAM). 
     Although the presence of synchronization pulses is deemed a good indication of the presence of a wireless video camera  2 , it is fully anticipated that other factors be also considered such as signal strength of the radio frequency signal as detected by each of the detectors  12 / 22 / 32 . For example, if the signal strength of each of the detectors  12 / 22 / 32  is very low, yet a significant stream of synchronization pulses is detected by the synchronization detector  40  and processor  44  (or logic), there may be a surveillance camera  2  in a neighboring building, apartment, room, etc. Therefore, in some embodiments, signal strength is used to approximate distance from the wireless video camera  2  and to discount a wireless video camera  2  that is likely not in the same room as the user. 
     Once the processor  44  (or logic) determines the likelihood that the user is in the presence of a wireless video camera  2 , the processor  44  (or logic) emits a signal to warn the user of possible surveillance. 
     In the systems of  FIGS. 3 and 4 , the processor  44  (or logic) emits a tactile signal through a transducer  48  such as noise, light, vibration, heat, cold, or any combination of such. For example, the signaling device  48  of  FIG. 3  is any of an LED, a motor with an offset weight on a shaft of the motor, a sound emitting device, a buzzer, a chime, etc. In this way, the user wearing the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  is warned of the possible presence of a wireless video camera  2 . 
     In the system of  FIG. 5 , the processor  44  (or logic) relays the indication/presence of a wireless video camera  2  to another device  100 / 102  such as a cell phone  102  or any other device  100  capable of receiving a wireless signal from the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  such as a music player  100 , smart watch  100 , etc. In such, the processor  44  (or logic) communicates with the device  100  or cell phone  102  over any known wireless transmission medium such as using infrared light or radio waves as in Wi-Fi or Bluetooth. As shown in  FIGS. 8 and 9 , the receiving device  100 / 102  then processes the signal in any of many ways that will be discussed such as recording the time, date, and/or location of the wireless video camera  2 , forwarding the detection instance to a master database  506  for mapping locations of wireless video cameras  2 , signaling the user is any of the many ways available at the device  100 / 102  (e.g., playing a ring tone, vibration, tones, etc.). Note, in this way, it is anticipated that the cell phone  102  will mimic reception of a phone call so that the user has an opportunity to pretend they are answering the call and taking alternate steps to remove themselves from the situation and location of the wireless video camera  2  without making the other party aware of the knowledge gained from the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 6 , a schematic view of an exemplary processing device  44  as used within the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  is shown. The exemplary processing device  44  represents a typical processor system as used with the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10 , though as previously stated, it is known in the industry to utilize logic in place of processors and vice versa. This exemplary processing device  44  is shown in its simplest form. Different architectures are known that accomplish similar results in a similar fashion and the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  is not limited in any way to any particular system architecture or implementation. In this exemplary processing device  44 , a processor  70  executes or runs programs from a random access memory  75 . The programs are generally stored within a persistent memory  74  and loaded into the random access memory  75  when needed. The processor  70  is any processor, typically a processor designed for portable devices. The persistent memory  74 , random access memory  75  interfaces through, for example, a memory bus  72 . The random access memory  75  is any memory  75  suitable for connection and operation with the selected processor  70 , such as SRAM, DRAM, SDRAM, RDRAM, DDR, DDR-2, etc. The persistent memory  74  is any type, configuration, capacity of memory  74  suitable for persistently storing data, for example, flash memory, read only memory, battery-backed memory, magnetic memory, etc. In some exemplary processing devices  44 , the persistent memory  74  is removable, in the form of a memory card of appropriate format such as SD (secure digital) cards, micro SD cards, compact flash, etc. 
     Also connected to the processor  70  is a system bus  82  for connecting to peripheral subsystems such as output drivers  84  and inputs  92  such as control switches  92 . The output drivers  84  receive commands from the processor  70  and control the indication devices  48 , in this example, one or more LEDs  86  and/or other sound/vibration devices  48 . 
     In general, some portion of the memory  74  is used to store programs, executable code, and data such as previous encounters with wireless video cameras  2 . In some embodiments, other data is stored in the memory  74  such as audio files, etc. 
     The outputs of the sync detector  40  are read through, for example, an input port  89  or other logic system as known in the industry. 
     The peripherals and sensors shown are examples and other devices are known in the industry such as Global Positioning Subsystems, speakers, microphones, USB interfaces, Bluetooth transceivers  94 , Wi-Fi transceivers  96 , image sensors, temperature sensors, etc., the likes of which are not shown for brevity and clarity reasons. 
     In some embodiments, local area communications with the exemplary processing device  44  are through a wireless transmitter or transceiver  50  (see  FIG. 5 ) such as a Bluetooth radio transceiver  94 , a Wi-Fi radio transceiver  96 , or both. Such communication features provide data communications between the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  and, for example, cell phone  102  and/or other devices such as a personal computers, music players, etc. 
     Referring to  FIG. 7 , a flow chart of exemplary software running on the processing device as used within the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  is shown. In this exemplary flow, the notification of a wireless video camera  10  starts by making sure the signaling device  48  is off  200 . In embodiments in which the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  communicates with another device  100 / 102 , the step of making sure the signaling is off  200  includes initiating a wireless transaction through a transmitter or transceiver  50  to an application running on the device  100 / 102  informing the device  100 / 102  that there is presently no wireless video camera  2  in range. 
     A counter is reset  202  (in this case set to zero, though it is well known in the industry as to how to count events). 
     Now, the status of the sync detector  40  is monitored  204  for detection of a sync signal. Once a sync signal is detected  204 , a loop is entered  206 - 210  in which the software checks to see if another sync has been detected  206  (or the sync detector is still detecting sync signals  206 ), an if so, the counter is incremented  208  (or adjusted as counters are well known), and the counter is then tested to see if a threshold is reached  210  such as a predetermined number of sync pulses have been received, etc. If the counter reaches the threshold  210 , then the signaling device(s)  48  is/are enabled  212  informing the user that there is a wireless video camera  2  within range. In examples in which the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  communicates with another device  100 / 102 , the step of signaling  212  includes initiating a wireless transaction through the transmitter/transceiver  50  (e.g. Bluetooth  94  or Wi-Fi  96 ) to an application running on the device  100 / 102  informing the device  100 / 102  that there is a wireless video camera  2  in range, responsive to which the device  100 / 102  will take actions such as illuminating a device, vibrating, making a noise, logging the event, determining the current location and recording that location along with the event, etc. 
     If, at any time during the loop  206 - 210 , it is determined that sync pulses are no longer being received, flow continues at step  200  where the signal device is disabled  200  and the counter again reset  202 . 
     After the signaling device  48  is enabled  212  to start indicating by sight, sound, heat, touch, etc., the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  has successfully notified the user of the possibility of at least one wireless video camera  2  being in use in the user&#39;s vicinity. After notifying the user, many operations are envisioned, including, a user operation to reset the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  (e.g. a momentary-contact switch), a timer is set after which the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  resets, the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  signals until out of range of any wireless video cameras  2 , etc. 
     Referring to  FIG. 8 , a plan view of a cell phone receiving an indication of a detection of a local wireless video camera  2  is shown.  FIG. 8  refers to  FIG. 5 , in which, upon detection of information that indicates a wireless video camera  2  is in range of the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10 , a transaction is sent to the user&#39;s device  100 / 102  (in this example, to the user&#39;s cell phone  102 ) and the device  100 / 102  signals by, for example, making noise, displaying a message, illuminating a LED, vibrating, playing a ring tone, etc. 
     Note, that by playing a ring tone or making a sound similar to receiving a text message, the user is presented with the assumption that a wireless video camera  2  is within range yet, the person who placed the wireless video camera  2  is not informed, believing instead that the user has received a text message or has received a phone call. 
     Referring to  FIG. 9 , a schematic view of a cell phone system for receiving and recording detections of local wireless video camera is shown. As discussed, upon detection of a wireless video camera  2 , in some exemplary systems, a transaction is sent from the system for detecting local wireless video camera  10  to the user&#39;s cell phone  102 . Once receiving the transaction from the system for detecting local wireless video camera  10 , the cell phone  102  has many options. As discussed prior, in some systems, the cell phone  102  indicates to the user that a wireless video camera  2  is nearby, through any of the possible mechanisms available to cell phones  102 . Additionally, or instead of, the system for detecting local wireless video camera  10  consults the cell phones Global Positioning System (GPS) to determine the cell phone&#39;s  102  location by receiving timing signals from Global Positioning Satellites  500 . 
     In some embodiments, the position (e.g., location by name or coordinates) is stored locally. In some embodiments, the indication of a nearby wireless video camera  2  is forwarded to a server system  504 , for example, through a wide area network  502  such as through the cellular system  502  and/or Internet  502 . The server system  504  records the location of the wireless video camera  2  in a database  506  for various future uses such as providing mapping data for all detected wireless video cameras  2 , or for law enforcement should something happen to the user or if the user initiates legal proceedings. Note that by storing this location information, and optionally other information such as the band on which the wireless video camera  2  was transmitting and the signal strength, law enforcement officials are better able to determine what happened at a potential crime scene. As one would expect, if a crime occurs, the user&#39;s cell phone  102  may be destroyed or lost, but records of the occurrence will be stored in the database  506  and it will be difficult for the criminal to destroy such records. 
     Referring to  FIG. 10 , a perspective view of an exemplary body-worn device  150  that includes the system for detecting local wireless video camera  10  is shown. This is but one example of packaging the system for detecting local wireless video camera  10 . Any housing is anticipated, including other types of user-worn packaging such as pendants, clips, rings, etc. Alternately, the housings for carrying in purses, wallets, pockets, etc., are also anticipated. It is also anticipated that the packaging have similar looks and, in some embodiments, functions as an existing object such as a pocket watch, pen, key fob, etc. In all packaging, the package is typically made of a material that is a good choice for the package. Although any material that matches the desired packaging is anticipated, to reduce attenuation of signals from a targeted wireless video camera  2 , in a preferred embodiment, the packaging is made substantially of silicone or fluoroelastonner. In preferred embodiments, the use of metals is limited as metals typically interfere with the reception and detection of wireless signals. 
     In the example shown in  FIG. 10 , a bracelet  150  encloses the system for detecting local wireless video camera  10 . The bracelet  150  has a band  152  that is fabricated of a material such as silicone or fluoroelastonner. The band  152  contains the system for detecting local wireless video camera  10  with antenna  9  in this example, the power source is not shown for clarity reasons. In some embodiments, the system for detecting local wireless video camera  10  is integrated with other functionality that is known such as watch mechanisms, exercise tracking devices, smart watches, etc. 
     As with all portable electronic devices, a source of power is needed, and any known source of power is anticipated including, but not limited to, removable batteries (e.g., a lithium cell, AAA batteries), rechargeable batteries (e.g., rechargeable lithium battery), solar power, power from wrist movement, a chargeable supper capacitor, and any combination of power sources. 
     Referring to  FIG. 11 , a schematic drawing of an exemplary implementation of the system for detecting local wireless video camera  10  is shown. Radio frequency signals emitted by the wireless video camera  2  are received by one or more antenna  13 / 23 / 33  of the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10 . Each antenna is anticipated to be tuned to one of the anticipated radio frequencies or a band of the anticipated radio frequencies. Although any small sized antenna  13 / 23 / 33  (e.g. micro-antenna) is anticipated, in the example shown, small surface mount chip antennas  13 / 23 / 33  are used for intercepting radio frequency energy from a wireless frequency modulated video camera. The first antenna  13  is tuned in the 902-928 MHz ISM band, the second antenna  23  is tuned in the 2.40-2.50 GHz ISM band, and the third antenna  23  is tuned in 5.725-5.875 GHz ISM band. 
     The radio frequency signal from the antenna  9 / 13 / 23 / 33  is then detected by one or more detectors  12 / 22 / 32 , each detector filtering out radio frequency energy above the requisite frequency bands. The first detector  12  is a band pass filter tuned in the 902-928 MHz ISM band, the second detector  22  is a band pass filter tuned in the 2.40-2.50 GHz ISM band, and the third detector  22  is a band pass filter tuned in the 5.725-5.875 GHz ISM band. 
     The output of each detector  12 / 22 / 32  is modulated video signal. Each output (modulated video signal) is coupled to a respective down converter  14 / 24 / 34  which converts the signal at the radio frequency carrier to a lower intermediate frequency (IF) for signal gain and detection of the video signals. 
     In this example, an 800 MHz to 6.2 GHz frequency synthesizer  16  provides a programmable frequency to the down converters  14 / 24 / 34  under control of the processor  44  (or logic). In this, the processor  44  includes firmware that scans each band (e.g., the 902-928 MHz, 2.40-2.50 GHz, and 5.725-5.875 GHz ISM bands) until an FM video signal is detected. A reference clock  18  (e.g., tuned crystal) provides a fixed frequency to which the frequency synthesizer  16  internally locks (phase lock). 
     Outputs of the down converters  14 / 24 / 34  are combined and feed a sync detector  40 . The sync detector  40  includes an intermediate frequency band pass filter  40 A which passes only the energy within the pass band of the filter and sharply attenuates any out of band energy prior to the signal gain stage. An intermediate frequency amplifier  40 B provides gain to the filtered intermediate frequency from the intermediate frequency band pass filter  40 A which feed an intermediate frequency, frequency modulated video demodulator  40 C (demodulator) which processes the intermediate frequency signal containing, in many countries, the NTSC FM video signal into the base band which contains the horizontal sync pulse. Note that the exemplary design of  FIG. 11  is geared toward NTSC systems while it is fully anticipated that, in some countries, similar functions produce similar results for PAL or SECAM transmissions. 
     The base band signal is passed from the demodulator  40 C to a sync pulse detector  40 D. The sync pulse detector  40 D detects envelope and horizontal sync pulses. For NTSC transmissions, the sync pulse detector  40 D detects the 15.734 KHz horizontal sync pulse and provides signals to the processor  44 . The processor examines the signals to validate the presence of a video signal. 
     The output of the synchronization detector  40 D is monitored by a processor  44  or logic  44  (e.g. a logic array) to determine and/or record instances of video transmission. The detection of a single synchronization pulse is generally not indicative of a wireless video camera  2 , but the detection of several sequential synchronization pulses by the processor  44  (or logic), especially if the synchronization pulses are separated in time by a standard amount as defined, for example, by the National Television System Committee (NTSC) standard in North America (e.g. synchronization pulses approximately every 16.6 milliseconds). Again, note that in various parts of the world, other standards and timing are utilized such as Phase Alternating Line (PAL) and Sequential Color with Memory (SECAM). 
     Once the processor  44  (or logic) determines the likelihood that the user is in the presence of a wireless video camera  2 , the processor  44  (or logic) emits a signal to warn the user of possible surveillance through a transducer  48 B such as noise, vibration, heat, cold, or any combination of such. Another example of a signaling device is an LED  48 A. In this way, the user wearing (or having) the system for detecting wireless video cameras  10  is warned of the possible presence of a wireless video camera  2 . 
     In some embodiments, the processor  44  records detections of wireless video camera  2  in persistent memory  74  along with any other information available such as signal strength, the band on which the video was detected, the time/date, etc. 
     In the example shown, the system for detecting local wireless video camera  10  includes a micro USB (Universal Serial Bus) connector  55  for providing power for charging and, optionally, for data communication with another device  100 / 102  such as a personal computer  100  or cell phone  102 . In embodiment in which data communications is provided through the micro USB connector  55 , a USB host controller  57  provides logic to process the USB protocols and exchange data between the other device  100 / 102  and the processor  44 . In such, it is anticipated that any data regarding a detection of a wireless video camera  2  be read from the system for detecting local wireless video camera  10  through the USB connector  55  and USB host controller  57 . Additionally, other communications are anticipated including, but not limited to, software/firmware updates, setting parameters, clearing prior detections, etc. 
     Although any power source is anticipated, this example has a rechargeable battery  63 , typically a rechargeable Lithium ion battery  63 . When the micro USB connector  55  is connected to a USB host of the other device  100 / 102 , power from the USB connector  55  is used to charge the rechargeable battery  63  through a battery charging circuit  61 . In operation, power from the battery  63  is conditioned and boosted to five volts (5V) by a boost converter  65  and a lower voltage (3.3V) is provided by a low drop-out regulator  67 , though there are many ways known to provide the requisite voltage and current required by the various circuits described above, all of which are anticipated and included here within. 
     For completeness, other indicators (LEDs)  51 A/ 51 B/ 51 C are provided to indicating scanning is operational  51 A, battery charging  51 B, and low battery  51 C. Although shown as independent LEDs  51 A/ 51 B/ 51 C, it is known to combine multiple color LEDs into single devices. There is no limit on the type and usage of indicators and those shown are examples that, in some embodiments, are not present. 
     Further, for completeness, a switch  53  is shown, for example, a power switch  53  that, when pressed, initiates operation of the system for detecting local wireless video camera  10  and when pressed again, stops operation of the system for detecting local wireless video camera  10  to conserve power. This is an example of such a switch  53  as more or less switches and alternate uses are anticipated such as a single short press to initiate operation, another single short press to reset operation such as when the indicator(s)  48 A/ 48 B indicate the presence of a wireless video camera  2 , a long press to stop operation, etc. 
     In some embodiments, the system for detecting local wireless video cameras  10  automatically enters a low-power state after scanning for the presence of a wireless video camera  10  for battery preservation reasons. To initiate another scan, for example, when a user enters a new location, the user presses the switch  53 , which again powers the system for detecting local wireless video camera  10  and initiates a scan looking for wireless video cameras  10 . 
     Equivalent elements can be substituted for the ones set forth above such that they perform in substantially the same manner in substantially the same way for achieving substantially the same result. 
     It is believed that the system and method as described and many of its attendant advantages will be understood by the foregoing description. It is also believed that it will be apparent that various changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the components thereof without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention or without sacrificing all of its material advantages. The form herein before described being merely exemplary and explanatory embodiment thereof. It is the intention of the following claims to encompass and include such changes.