Abstract:
An image fixing device includes a fixing roller having bearings at each end, a backup roller held in pressure contact with the fixing roller, and a frame receiving the fixing roller and backup roller and having an abnormal temperature rise prevention element. The fixing roller and the backup roller are insertable into the frame in directions perpendicular to the axes of these rollers. The bearing at one end of the fixing roller holds its entire circumference while the other bearing supports only part of the circumference of the fixing roller and the abnormal temperature rise prevention element is set at a predetermined positional relationship to the heating roller as a result of insertion of the heating roller.

Description:
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/092,939, filed on Jul. 19, 1993, now abandoned, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/899,127, filed Jun. 18, 1992, now abandoned, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/583,244, filed Sep. 17, 1990, now abandoned. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to an image fixing device for use in an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine, a printer and the like. More specifically, the present invent:ion relates to a roller-type fixing device in which an image carried by a recording member is fixed to the recording member as the recording member is clamped between and conveyed by a pair of rollers. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Hitherto, various image fixing methods for image forming apparatus have been proposed. Among these proposed methods, a roller-type fixing method, more particularly a heat roller type fixing method, has been used widely in which an image is fixed to an image carrying recording member as the recording member is made to pass through a nip between a heating roller backup roller. 
     FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a known image fixing device of the heat roller type, while FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of the fixing device. The fixing device has a frame 1 which is composed of left and right side panels 1a and 1b and upper and lower stays 1c and 1d connected between side panels 1a and 1b. The frame 1 rotatably supports and accommodates the fixing roller 2 and the pressing roller 4. 
     This fixing device is assembled by assembling the frame 1 and then mounting the fixing roller 2 and the pressing roller 4 or, alternatively, by assembling the frame 1 while simultaneously mounting the fixing roller 2 and the pressing roller 4. In both cases, it is necessary to move the fixing roller 2 and the pressing roller 4 into the frame or half-finished frame from lateral sides of tile side panels 1a and 1b. This undesirably impairs production efficiency. 
     In addition, special assembly jigs are required for assembling the left and right side panels 1a and 1b and upper and lower stays 1c and 1d at high dimensional precision. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an image fixing device which is easily assembled without requiring a special jig. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide an image fixing device which can be assembled by moving a fixing roller into a frame in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fixing roller. 
     Still another object of the present invention is to provide an image fixing device in which rollers are supported by partly-opened bearings. 
     To these ends, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image fixing device with a first roller and a second roller. The first and second rollers cooperate in nipping a recording member therebetween and thus conveying the recording member. A frame accommodates the first and second rollers, and a supporting member rotatable between a closed position and opened position where the first and second rollers are rotatable into the frame in directions perpendicular to the axes of the respective rollers. 
     In yet another aspect or the Applicant&#39;s invention, there is provided an image fixing device with a heating roller that contains a heat source and which is supported through bearings on a frame. Also included are abnormal temperature rise prevention means attached to the frame which will cut off the supply of electric power to the heat source in the event of an abnormal temperature rise of the heating roller. A supporting member which is rotatable between a closed and opened position is provided. While the supporting member is in the open position, the heating roller is insertable into the frame in a direction perpendicular to its axis and in such a way that the abnormal temperature rise prevention means is set at a predetermined positional relationship to the heating roller as a result of that insertion. 
     In another embodiment of Applicant&#39;s invention, there is provided a image fixing device where the fixing roller contains a drive gear on the end. That same end of the fixing roller is rotatably supported by a first bearing. A second bearing, also rotatably supporting the fixing roller, is provided at the other end of the fixing roller. Also included is a support member which is rotatable to an open position at which the fixing roller is insertable into the frame by movement in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fixing roller. Once in position, the first bearing holds the entire circumference of the first end of the fixing roller but the second bearing supports only part of the circumference of the other end of the fixing roller. 
     In yet another aspect of the Applicant&#39;s invention, there is provided an image fixing device with a first roller and a second roller held in pressure contact with the first roller. A first frame supports the first roller through bearings while a second frame supports the second roller through bearings. The first and second rollers form a nip between which an image carrier passes. There is also provided means for allowing the first and second rollers to be set in the first and second frames, respectively, by being moved in directions perpendicular to the axis of the respective rollers. 
     The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become clear from the following description of the preferred embodiments when the same is read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of an embodiment of the fixing device of the present invention as viewed from the side opposite to the driving side; 
     FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the fixing device of FIG. 1 as viewed from he driving side; 
     FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the fixing device; 
     FIG. 4 is a plan view of a fixing roller; 
     FIGS. 5 and 6 are side elevational views of the fixing device illustrating the manner in which a fixing roller is mounted in the fixing device during assembling of the fixing device; 
     FIG. 7 is a side elevational view of the fixing device illustrating the manner in which a pressing roller is mounted in the fixing device during assembling of the fixing device; 
     FIG. 8 is a side elevational view of another embodiment of the image fixing device of the present invention; 
     FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a known image fixing device; and 
     FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of a fixing device shown in FIG. 9. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     An image fixing device embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8. 
     Referring to these Figures, the image fixing device has a frame 1 which is integrally formed front a heat-resistant plastic material. The frame 1 rotatably carries a fixing roller 2 in which is disposed a halogen heater 12 for heating the fixing roller. The halogen heater 12 generates heat when supplied with electrical power from a power supply which is not shown. 
     A temperature sensing element (not shown) is held in contact with the surface of the fixing roller 2. The supply of the electrical power to the heater 12 is controlled in accordance with the output from the temperature sensing element so as to maintain the surface of the fixing roller at a predetermined temperature. 
     The frame 1 rotatably supports an idler shaft 11 which engages with a pressing plate 7. The pressing plate 7 is rotatable about the axis of the idler shaft 11, as will be seen from FIG. 7. A pressing roller 4 having a rubber layer is rotatably supported by the pressing plate 7. 
     The fixing roller 2 and the pressing roller 4 are supported by the following structures. As will be seen from FIG. 4, a bearing 8 and a gear 9 are beforehand mounted on the driving-side end of the fixing roller 2. The bearing 8 and the gear 9 are kept from coming off the fixing roller 2 by means of stopper rings 20 and 20. The other end of the fixing roller, i.e., the end opposite to the driving-side end, is supported by a partly-opened U-shaped bearing 3. The driving-side end of the fixing roller 2 is supported by be frame 1 through bearing 8 which is beforehand mounted on the fixing roller 2. As will be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, the side panels of the frame 1 are provided with substantially U-shaped openings 1a and 1b which open in the upward direction. The bearings 3 and 8 supporting the respective ends of the fixing roller 2 are received in openings 1a and 1b. 
     The pressing roller 4 is supported at its both ends by bearings 5 and 5. As will be seen from FIG. 1, each bearing 5 is provided with a sliding surface only over half circumference thereof which receives the load of the pressing roller 4. The bearing 5 is supported on the pressing plate 7 through a compression spring 6. 
     A drive gear 10 meshing with the aforementioned gear 9 is supported by the idler shaft 11. When the drive gear is rotatingly driven by the driving power source which is not shown, the torque of the drive ear 10 is transmitted to the fixing roller 2 via the gear 9, so tat the fixing roller 2 and the pressing roller 4 contacting the fixing roller 2 are rotated. As shown in FIG. 2, a external force F acting on the fixing roller 2, generated due to a specific pressure angle of contact between the gears 9 and 10, is borne by a portion T of the frame, whereby any tendency for the fixing roller 2 to be lifted is suppressed. 
     The end of the fixing roller 2 opposite to the driving-side end is free from the external force produced by the contact between the gears 9 and 10. This end of the fixing roller 2 is therefore stably held in U-shaped bearing 8 as a result of the force produced by the pressing springs 6, 6. 
     As shown in FIG. 3, the frame 1 is provided with an inlet guide 13 and an ejection guide 14. The inlet guide 13 is arranged so as to guide the recording paper carrying an unfixed image to the nip between the fixing roller 2 and the pressing roller 4, such that the image carrying surface of the recording paper is brought into contact with the fixing roller 2. The ejecting guide 14 is adapted to guide the recording paper to a paper ejecting roller (not shown), after fixing of the image. 
     Namely, in operation a recording member such as a sheet of recording paper is guided by the inlet guide to the above-mentioned nip. 
     The recording member is made to pass through the nip between the fixing roller 2 and the pressing roller 4 which backs up the fixing roller 2. The image carried by the recording member is fixed to the recording member by heat and pressure applied by the fixing roller 2 and the pressing roller 4 during passage of the recording member through the nip. 
     The recording paper which has passed through the nip is guided by the ejection guide to the ejection roller and is then ejected by the traction of the ejection roller. 
     The frame 1 also is provided with a thermo-switch 15 for cutting off the supply of the electrical power to the halogen heater in the event of an abnormal rise of the temperature of the fixing roller 2, and the frame 1 is also provided with a phosphor bronze plate 16 which provides an electrical connection between the thermo-switch 15 and the halogen heater 12. 
     A description will now be given of the proces for mounting the fixing roller 2 and the pressing roller 4, with specific reference to FIGS. 5 to 7. 
     As stated before, the fixing roller 2 is provided with the bearing 8 and the gear 9 on the driving-side end thereof, as shown in FIG. 4 before mounting. In order to mount this fixing roller 2, the fixing roller 2 is simply dropped into the openings 1a and 1b formed in the frame 1 perpendicularly to the axis of fixing roller 2, as indicated by the arrows in FIGS. 5 to 7. Consequently, both ends of the fixing roller 2 are rotatably supported by the frame 1 through the bearings 8 and 3. 
     In order to mount the pressing roller 4, the bearings 5, 5 and the pressing springs 6, 6 are first assembled together with the pressing plate 7. The pressing plate 7, with its hook portions retained on time idler shaft 11, is rotated clockwise around idler shaft 11, as viewed in FIG. 7 so as to open a passage for introducing the pressing roller 4. With the pressing plate 7 opened, the pressing roller 4 is moved into the bearings 5, 5 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the idler shaft 11, whereby the pressing roller 4 is easily mounted in the frame. Then, pressing plate 7 is rotated counterclockwise as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 7 and is fixed to the frame 1 by means of a screw 7a. In this state, the pressing roller 4 is urged by the pressing springs 6 and 6 to resiliently contact the fixing roller 2. 
     After the completion of the assembly process described above, the inlet guide 13 and the ejection guide 14 are mounted on the frame 1. The thermo-switch 15 and the phosphor bronze plate 16 are mounted in the frame 1 before the mounting of the fixing roller 2. 
     Thus, the thermo-switch 15 can be arranged at a proper positional relation to the fixing roller 2 simply by mounting the fixing roller, so that time assembly process is remarkably simplified. In addition, since the fixing roller 2 is mounted by being moved in the direction which is orthogonal to the axis thereof, there is no risk for the surface of the fixing roller 2 to be damaged by the thermo-switch. 
     Furthermore, the resilient contact between the fixing roller 2 and the pressing roller 4 call easily be attained by fixing the pressing plate to the frame 1, thus contributing to a further facilitation of the assembly. 
     In this embodiment, a phosphor bronze plate 16 is attached to the frame 1 which provides a high degree of electrical insulation, so that lead wires and other conductive parts are eliminated to realize a compact wiring arrangement. This also contributes to simplification of the assembly process and, hence, to a reduction in the cost of production. 
     In the illustrated embodiment, mounting precisions for the components such as the fixing roller 2, pressing roller 4, inlet guide 13 and the ejection guide 14 are also enhanced by virtue of the fact that these components are mounted on the frame 1 which is integrally formed from a plastic. 
     The frame 1 may be formed from a sheet metal or from a combination of a sheet metal and a plastic sheet. Considering that the frame is preferably electrically insulating, it is preferred that the frame is integrally molded from a plastic. 
     FIG. 8 shows another embodiment in which the direction of pressure angle of the contact between the gears 9 and 10 substantially coincides with the direction of the pressure exerted by the pressing roller 4. With this arrangement, it is possible to prevent the fixing roller 2 from being lifted even when U-shaped bearings are used for supporting both the driving-side end and the opposite end of the fixing roller 2. 
     The term &#34;direction of pressure angle&#34; is used in this specification to mean the direction of a line which intersects the common tangential line of bottom gears 9 and 10 at the same angle as the pressure angle to the comon tangential line. 
     Although the invention has been described through its preferred forms, it is to be noted that he described embodiments are only illustrative and various changes and modifications may be imparted thereto without departing from the scope of the invention which is limited solely by the appended claims.