Abstract:
An optomodule has a carrier substrate; wiring applied on a front side of the carrier substrate; contacts configured on a rear side of the carrier substrate and electrically connecting to a line of the wiring via at least one plated-through hole formed in the carrier substrate; and an optosemiconductor for transmitting and/or for receiving light. The optosemiconductor electrically contacts the line of the wiring and is configured on a front side of the carrier substrate in the region of a through opening formed in the carrier substrate, in such a way that the light can be transmitted and/or received through the through opening.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0002]    The invention lies in the field of optical components, in particular optical subcomponents, which are also referred to as opto-ICs. Such optical components are used to generate, to receive, to convert, to process, etc., optical signals. By way of example, a PIN-photodiode-preamplifier combination may be involved. The construction of the optical subcomponents on the basis of TO46 housings is prior art.  
           [0003]    The article by C. Schwantes: “Small Form Factor: Higher Density For Fiber Based High Speed Networking”,  Electronic Components and Technology Conference IEEE,  1999, pages 539-542, discloses optical subcomponents or optomodules on the basis of lead frame technology. The increasing dissemination and application of optomodules demands a higher degree of integration density, which cannot be achieved using these prior-art technologies.  
           [0004]    2. Summary of the Invention  
           [0005]    It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide an optomodule that overcomes the hereinafore-mentioned disadvantages of the heretofore-known devices of this general type and that enables a higher integration density of the components of the optomodule.  
           [0006]    With the foregoing and other objects in view, there is provided, in accordance with the invention, an optomodule. The optomodule includes a carrier substrate having a front side and a rear side and a plated-through opening formed therein. The optomodule also includes wiring applied on the front side of the carrier substrate having at least one line. The optomodule also includes contacts configured on the rear side of the carrier substrate and electrically connected to a line of the wiring via the plated-through opening. The optomodule includes an optosemiconductor for transmitting and receiving light. The optosemiconductor electrically contacts the line of the wiring and is disposed on the front side of the carrier substrate near the through opening formed in the carrier substrate, in such a way that the light can be transmitted and received through the through opening.  
           [0007]    With the objects of the invention in view, there is also provided a connection configuration. The connection configuration includes an optomodule as described above. The connection configuration also includes a printed circuit board section. The contacts electrically contact a wiring of the printed circuit board section. The optomodule and the contacts mount on the printed circuit board section so light can be passed through an opening in the printed circuit board section.  
           [0008]    The optomodule achieves the object of the invention. The optomodule includes a carrier substrate; wiring applied on a front side of the carrier substrate; contacts, which are configured on a rear side of the carrier substrate and are electrically connected to a line of the wiring via at least one plated-through hole formed in the carrier substrate; and an optosemiconductor for transmitting and/or for receiving light. The optosemiconductor being electrically contacts the line of the wiring and being configured on a front side of the carrier substrate in the region of a through opening, formed in the carrier substrate, in such a way that the light can be transmitted and/or received through the through opening.  
           [0009]    The invention is based on the essential concept of utilizing, in the context of construction and production of optomodules with an optosemiconductor, technologies of the kind used for integrated circuits. This enables a high level of integration of the components of the optomodule because the wiring of the carrier substrate can be realized in a significantly more complex and more flexible manner than with the known technologies, for example the lead frame technology.  
           [0010]    An essential advantage of the invention compared with the prior art is that an improved radio frequency capability of the optomodule, in particular of the carrier substrate, is ensured. This is the consequence of the improved wiring possibilities and short connections of radio frequency components, for example capacitors in the carrier substrate.  
           [0011]    A further advantage of the invention is that it is possible to utilize technologies and processing steps for the embodiment of which there exists comprehensive experience in connection with the fabrication of integrated circuits.  
           [0012]    A development of the invention provides for the optosemiconductor to be configured on a front-side surface of the carrier substrate, thereby enabling the optosemiconductor to be applied simply and in a manner that can be performed with little outlay.  
           [0013]    In an advantageous refinement of the invention, a protective layer at least partly surrounds the optosemiconductor and is applied on the front side of the carrier substrate in such a way that an essentially closed protective surface is formed. Thereby, a protection against mechanical interfering influences during the use or the deployment of the optomodule is formed.  
           [0014]    In one embodiment, a component is expediently configured on the front side of the carrier substrate. The component is in electrical contact with the optosemiconductor and the line of the wiring and is at least partly surrounded by the protective layer. This enables the optosemiconductor to be connected for operation and control purposes.  
           [0015]    A potting compound or an injection-molding compound preferably forms the protective layer. This allows a protective layer to be produced with the aid of known techniques in a simple manner.  
           [0016]    A preferred embodiment of the invention with regard to the use of modern chip fabrication technologies provides for the optosemiconductor and/or the component to be connected to the line of the wiring in each case via at least one bonding connection.  
           [0017]    A preferred refinement of the invention with regard to the complex wiring and the improved radio-frequency capability provides for the wiring to comprise at least one wiring plane and a ground plane.  
           [0018]    An expedient development of the invention provides for the carrier substrate to be formed from a printed circuit board material. As a result of which, a multiplicity of proven techniques is available for the processing of the carrier substrate.  
           [0019]    An expedient refinement of the invention with regard to the interference-free functionality of the optomodule provides for a shield to be formed for the optosemiconductor and/or the component. The shield is formed with the aid of a shielding layer. The shielding layer extends essentially over the entire region of the carrier substrate.  
           [0020]    In order to increase the integration density of the optomodule, the shielding layer may be encompassed by the carrier substrate.  
           [0021]    In an expedient development of the invention, a low-inductance connection of the optomodule can be ensured by the contact being solder balls.  
           [0022]    A preferred embodiment with regard to the flexibility of the connection of the optomodule provides for the contact, in each case, to be electrically connected to connecting pins.  
           [0023]    In an advantageous embodiment, improved coupling of the light emitted by the optosemiconductor or of the light to be coupled onto the optosemiconductor can be achieved by an optical imaging element being configured in the through opening.  
           [0024]    A preferred refinement of the invention with regard to the directing of the light emitted by the optosemiconductor to another component, for example a plug with an optical waveguide, provides for an optical element to be configured on a rear-side surface of the carrier substrate, so that the light passing through the through opening can be directed optically.  
           [0025]    The advantages associated with the optomodule described expediently extend and improve the application possibilities for the optomodule when a connection configuration having such an optomodule and a printed circuit board section is formed, the contacts are in electrical contact with a wiring of the printed circuit board section, and the optomodule is mounted with the aid of the contacts on the printed circuit board section so that the light can be transmitted and/or received through an opening in the printed circuit board section. In this way, a flexible! connection of the optomodule to a multiplicity of other circuit components or circuits is possible.  
           [0026]    In a preferred development of the invention, a high level of integration of such a connection configuration can be achieved by a light channel being formed in the printed circuit board section, so that transmitted light which is transmitted from the optosemiconductor through the through opening in the carrier substrate can be coupled into the light channel, and received light can be coupled from the light channel through the through opening in the carrier substrate onto the optosemiconductor.  
           [0027]    In an advantageous embodiment, guiding of the light in the light channel is made possible with the aid of an optical deflector configured in the light channel and/or of an optical imager.  
           [0028]    In a preferred development of the invention, it may be provided that a section of a flange structural part is configured in the opening in the printed circuit board section, so that a connection is formed between an end-side surface section of the flange structural part and a rear-side surface section of the carrier substrate. The flange structural part has a receptacle section for at least partly receiving a plug structural part. The plug structural part is configured in the receptacle section in such a way that the light emitted by the optosemiconductor and/or the light received by the optosemiconductor can be coupled into the plug structural part or coupled out from the plug structural part. This enables compact coupling between the optomodule and a flange structural part that can be utilized for connecting different structural parts.  
           [0029]    A preferred development of the invention with regard to the mechanical loadabilily of the connection configuration provides for a flange structural part to be configured on a surface of the printed circuit board section. The surface is remote from the optornodule, in the region of the opening in the printed circuit board section. The flange structural part has a receptacle section for at least partly receiving a plug structural part. The plug structural part is configured in the receptacle section in such a way that the light emitted by the optosemiconductor and/or the light received by the optosemiconductor can be coupled into the plug structural part or coupled out from the plug structural part.  
           [0030]    In order to avoid optical losses, it may be provided, in an expedient development of the invention, that there is configured in the flange structural part, an optical imaging element for coupling the light into and/or out of the plug structural part.  
           [0031]    Other features which are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in the appended claims.  
           [0032]    Although the invention is illustrated and described herein as embodied in an optomodule, it is nevertheless not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention and within the scope and range of equivalents of the claims.  
           [0033]    The construction and method of operation of the invention, however, together with additional objects and advantages thereof will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0034]    [0034]FIG. 1 is a diagramatic, top-plan view of an optomodule;  
         [0035]    [0035]FIG. 2 is a bottom plan view of the optomodule;  
         [0036]    [0036]FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the optomodule taken along a line III-III shown in FIG. 1, in the direction of the arrows;  
         [0037]    [0037]FIG. 4 is a fragmentary, elevational and enlarged partial sectional view of the optomodule according to FIG. 3;  
         [0038]    [0038]FIG. 5 is a side view showing a connection configuration having an optomodule according to FIG. 3 and a printed circuit board section, the connection configuration being coupled to a flange structural part;  
         [0039]    [0039]FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial view of the connection configuration according to FIG. 5;  
         [0040]    [0040]FIG. 7 is a side view an optomodule according to FIG. 3 on a flange structural part, the optomodule being partly encompassed by a shield;  
         [0041]    [0041]FIG. 8 is a side view showing an configuration having a printed circuit board section and, configured thereon, two optomodules according to FIG. 3;  
         [0042]    [0042]FIG. 9 is a plan view of an embodiment of an optomodule with connecting pins;  
         [0043]    [0043]FIG. 10 is a front view of the embodiment of an optomodule with connecting pins; and  
         [0044]    [0044]FIG. 11 is a side view of the embodiment of an optomodule with connecting pins. 
     
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0045]    In all the figures of the drawing, sub-features and integral parts that correspond to one another bear the same reference symbol in each case.  
         [0046]    Referring now to the figures of the drawings in detail and first, particularly to FIG. 1 thereof, there is shown an optomodule  1 . An optosemiconductor  3 , an integrated circuit  4 , which is in electrical contact with the optosemiconductor  3  via a bonding connection  5 , and also further components, for example capacitors E;,  7 , are configured on a carrier substrate  2 . The optosemiconductor  3  and the integrated circuit  4  are in each case connected via bonding connections  8 ,  9  to wirings (not illustrated) formed on the carrier substrate  2 , preferably in wiring planes (not illustrated). Bonding connections of this type can, of course, also be provided for the further components  6 ,  7 . In this case, the wiring planes enable a complex and flexibly configurable embodiment of the electrical connections between the optosemiconductor  3 , the integrated circuit  4 , and the further components  6 ,  7 . In this way, optomodules  1  can be produced with complicated wiring paths and circuit configurations. One or more ground planes are preferably provided.  
         [0047]    The “Chip Size Package” or the “Ball Grid Array” technology can be utilized as technologies for producing the optomodule  1 . The application of these technologies in conjunction with the optomodule  1  including the optosemiconductor  3  enables a high integration density of the individual components of the optomodule  1 .  
         [0048]    [0048]FIG. 2 shows the optomodule  1  from below. Soldering pads  11  are configured on the bottom surface  10  of the optomodule  1 . The soldering pads  11  form contacts for connecting the optomodule  1  to external circuit components. With the aid of the soldering pads  11 , the optomodule  1  can be soldered onto a printed circuit board, for example.  
         [0049]    [0049]FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional illustration of the optomodule  1 . According to FIG. 3, the soldering pads  11  are connected to plated-through holes  12  formed in the carrier substrate  2 . In this way, an electrical contact is produced between the soldering pads  11  and the wiring plane (not illustrated), with the result that the optosemiconductor  3 , the integrated circuit  4 , and also the further components  6 ,  7  can be connected to external circuit components via the soldering pads  11 , the plated-through hole  12  and the wiring plane.  
         [0050]    The carrier substrate  2  has a through opening  13  in a region of the optosemiconductor  3  (cf. FIG. 2). Light emitted by the optosemiconductor  3  and/or light that is to be coupled onto the optosemiconductor  3  passes through the through opening  13 . Provision may be made for configuring an optical imaging element (not illustrated) in the through opening  13 , in order to deflect the light and/or focus it onto the optosemiconductor.  
         [0051]    [0051]FIG. 4 shows an enlarged illustration of a section of the optomodule  1  according to FIGS.  1  to  3 . A solder ball  14  is configured on each of the soldering pads  11 . The use of the solder balls  14  enables a low-inductance connection of the optomodule  1  to external circuit components. The solder balls  14  have, in particular, a lower inductance than connecting pins, as are known from lead frame technology.  
         [0052]    According to FIGS. 3 and 4, a compound  16  is applied on a top surface  15  of the carrier substrate  2  and encapsulates the optosemiconductor  3 , the integrated circuit  4 , the further components  6 ,  7 , and also the bonding connections  5 ,  8  and  9 . The compound  16  may be a potting compound or an injection-molding compound and serves to protect the electrical components of the optomodule  1 . The compound  16  can be applied by potting or injection molding using known production techniques, as are known from the field of integrated circuit fabrication. The compound  16  helps to provide mechanical protection of the electrical components of the optomodule  1 . For heat dissipation purposes, heat sinks, preferably cooling plates, may be encapsulated by the compound  16  by potting or injection molding.  
         [0053]    The optomodule  1  according to FIGS.  1  to  3  may, after production, be processed further in such a way that it is soldered on a printed circuit board section  30 , as is illustrated by way of example in FIG. 5. A soldered connection  29  is formed between the printed circuit board section  30  and the optomodule  1 . In this case, the optomodule  1  is positioned on the printed circuit board section  30 , with the result that the through opening  13  in the carrier substrate  2  is configured relative to an opening  31 , formed in the printed circuit board section  30 , in such a way that the light emitted by the optosemiconductor  3  can pass through the through opening  13  in the carrier substrate  2  and the opening  31  in the printed circuit board section  30 .  
         [0054]    A flange structural part  33  is fixed, with the aid of an adhesive bond  34 , on a surface  32  of the printed circuit board section  30 . The surface  32  is remote from the optomodule  1 . A plug pin  36  is configured in a receptacle section  35  of the flange structural part  33 . The plug pin  36  includes an optical waveguide  37 , into which the light emitted by the optosemiconductor  3  is coupled. Light that is transmitted with the aid of the optical waveguide  37  can, of course, also be coupled onto the optosemiconductor  3 .  
         [0055]    The printed circuit board section  30  is connected to a module printed circuit board  39  via a flexible conductor section  38 . A plurality of external components  40 ,  41 , and  42  are mounted on the module printed circuit board  39 . In this way, the optosemiconductor  3 , which is connected via the soldered connection  29  to the wiring of the printed circuit board section  30 , can be coupled to the external components  40 ,  41  and  42  with the inclusion of the flexible conductor section  38  and the module printed circuit board  39 . Furthermore, a connecting pin  43  is formed on the module printed circuit board  39  and enables the module printed circuit board  39  to be plugged onto a base.  
         [0056]    In order to avoid optical losses when the light is coupled into the optical waveguide  37  or when light is coupled onto the optosemiconductor  3 , an optical imaging element  44  is configured in the flange structural part  36 . An imaging lens may be involved in this case (cf. FIG. 6).  
         [0057]    [0057]FIG. 6 shows a connection configuration in which an opening  51  is formed in a printed circuit board section  50  in such a way that a flange structural part  52  can be partly inserted into the opening  51 , with the result that an adhesive bond  55  can be formed between an end-side surface  53  of the flange structural part  52  and a bottom surface  54  of the carrier substrate  2 . Consequently, the difference with respect to the embodiment according to FIG. 3 is that a direct connection is formed between the flange structural part  52  and the carrier substrate  2 .  
         [0058]    In FIG. 6, an optical lens element  59  is configured between a transmitting/receiving area  56  of the optosemiconductor  3  and an end face  57  of an optical waveguide  58  in order to avoid optical losses. In this case, the optical lens element is optimized to the effect that focussing points  60 ,  61  are produced on the transmitting/receiving surface  56  of the optosemiconductor  3  and, respectively, on the end face  57  of the optical waveguide  58 .  
         [0059]    [0059]FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment with an optomodule  1  and a flange structural part  70 , in which case, as in the embodiment in FIG. 4, the flange structural part  70  is directly fixed on a bottom surface  71  of the carrier substrate  2 . A difference with respect to the embodiment according to FIG. 4 is that the optomodule  1  is not mounted with the aid of the soldering pads  11  on a printed circuit board section, rather the soldering pads  11  are connected to (lead frame) connecting pins  72 . In this embodiment, a shielding plate  73  can also be shaped with the aid of the lead frame material and is soldered on in the same work operation as the connecting pins  72 . The shielding plate  73  forms an electromagnetic shield for the optomodule  1 .  
         [0060]    [0060]FIG. 8 shows an application in which a first and a second optomodule  80 ,  81 , which are configured in a manner corresponding to the optomodule  1  according to FIGS. 1 a - 1   c,  are mounted on a system printed circuit board  82  with the aid of soldered connections  83 . Light signals can be exchanged between respective optosemiconductors  84 ,  85  of the first and of the second optomodule  80 ,  81  via a light channel  86  formed in the system printed circuit board  82 . This is indicated with the aid of arrows A, B in FIG. 6. In this case, the light signals are deflected in corner regions  87 ,  88  of the light channel  86  with the aid of respective deflection mirrors  89  and  90 .  
         [0061]    FIGS.  9  to  11  illustrate an optomodule  1  according to FIGS.  13 , in which the soldering pads  11  are connected to (lead frame) connecting pins  100 . In the region of the through opening  13  in the carrier substrate  2 , there is configured on a bottom surface  101  of the carrier substrate  2  an optical component  102  for directing the light emitted by the optosemiconductor  3 . The optical component  102  is preferably bonded on in this case.  
         [0062]    According to FIG. 11, the emitted light can be deflected with the aid of the optical component  102 , a lateral surface  103  of the optical component  102  forming a stop face for a plug pin  104  with an optical waveguide  105 . In this way, the light emerging from the optosemiconductor  3  can be coupled directly into the optical waveguide  105  of the plug pin  104 . It goes without saying that light can be coupled from the optical waveguide  105  onto the optosemiconductor  3  in the same way.