Abstract:
An alerting device and method to remind personnel of a risk is disclosed. The device has at least two sensors, a logic controller, a power source, and an annunciator that delivers a visual message, with or without an audible alarm, about a risk to a person when the sensors detect the person exiting a predetermined space. In particular, the present invention reminds a person of a security, safety, or health risk upon exiting a predetermined space. More particularly, the present invention reminds a person of an information security risk relating to sensitive, proprietary, confidential, trade secret, classified, or intellectual property information.

Description:
This invention was made with Government support under Contract DE-AC0676RLO1830 awarded by the U.S. Department of Energy. The Government has certain rights in the invention. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is an alerting device and method to detect a person exiting a predetermined space proximate to a risk and to remind the person of the risk. The term “risk,” used hereinafter, is defined as a possibility of loss, illness, or injury. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Information is the lifeblood of any organization, especially its sensitive, proprietary, confidential, trade secret, or classified information. When it is lost or compromised to an adversary, or competitor, the organization&#39;s reputation and ability to compete could be severely damaged or ruined. More importantly, national security interests could be jeopardized. 
     Protecting an organization&#39;s business information, and business property in general, from loss demands that there be an active and meaningful security awareness program in place. Security professionals have traditionally relied on security training, briefings, videos, security posters, warning signs, etc., to help remind personnel of their day-to-day responsibilities in protecting information and physical property. These methods alone, however, have proven to be unsatisfactory based on the continuing problems of information security infractions and loss of property. 
     This problem can be explained, in part, through various scientific studies that have shown that the typical work environment has been overcome by visual pollution. That is, there is too much visual information being pushed at personnel, such information becoming “part of the woodwork.” For example, within a short period of time a security poster at an office exit fails to capture the attention of personnel and they become oblivious to the poster and its message. Security briefings and videos also receive low marks for helping to sustain employee security awareness and minimizing complacency, mental lapses, forgetfulness, and inattention to detail. 
     Such inadequacies are also important contributing factors in many occupational accidents and illnesses. Similar to security personnel, occupational or industrial safety/health professionals rely on personnel being well trained and knowledgeable of procedures to protect themselves and coworkers. Depending on the specific job hazards, additional lines of defense may be established that include passive warning signs and physical barriers. Like security defenses, however, personnel may become accustomed, and oblivious, to these safety defenses over time. 
     A variety of indoor and outdoor devices exist that warn a person, through audible and/or visual means, upon detection of a person&#39;s or object&#39;s presence in a monitored area. For example, the devices of U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,912,457, and 5,726,629 warn or greet a person audibly and visually upon detection of the person: the &#39;457 device can remind a machine tool operator to use safety guards on machinery when the operator is close to the machine tool and the &#39;629 patent discloses a home security application whereby the sound of a dog barking can be delivered to the intruder whose presence is detected. U.S. Pat. No. 5,760,686 discloses a device that warns workers in a roadway work zone of an errant vehicle by the use of motion detectors targeting the perimeter of the zone and a high intensity strobe light array. 
     No devices exist, however, that meet the needs of security and occupational or industrial safety/health professionals. Simple, low-cost, and effective reminders for personnel are needed for those circumstances whereby the level of risk significantly increases as a person exits an area near the risk. For example, there are situations whereby personnel need to be reminded to: 
     Secure sensitive or classified information in hardcopy or electronic form, 
     Lock safes, files, the office door, or other security barriers, 
     Secure or store valuable or hazardous materials and equipment after use, 
     Return equipment or materials, 
     Clean the work area, 
     Remove potentially-contaminated personal protection clothing, and 
     Deenergize equipment or appliances. 
     Accordingly, there is a continuing need for a simple, low-cost, and effective alerting device that reminds a person of a risk upon sensing the person exiting an area near the risk. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides an alerting device and method to remind personnel of a risk. The device has at least two sensors, a logic controller, a power source, and an annunciator that delivers a visual message, with or without an audible alarm, about a risk to a person when the sensors detect the person exiting a predetermined space. In particular, the present invention reminds a person of a security, safety, or health risk upon exiting a predetermined space. More particularly, the present invention reminds a person of an information security risk relating to sensitive, proprietary, confidential, trade secret, classified, or intellectual property information. Details of the device are set forth below only as may be necessary for a proper understanding of the invention since specific details will be apparent to persons skilled in the art, including those skilled in sensor technology, control logic, and electronic circuit design. 
     An object of the present invention is to remind a person of a risk upon detection of the person exiting a predetermined space proximate to the risk. 
     A further object of the present invention is to alert personnel in a manner such that the invention does not become a nuisance and does not negatively impact personnel productivity. 
     A further object of the present invention is to reduce the number of information security infractions. 
     A further object of the present invention is to reduce property losses. 
     A further object of the present invention is to improve the safety of personnel and reduce the number workplace-related illnesses, injuries, and deaths. 
     The subject matter of the present invention is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the concluding portion of this specification. However, both the organization and method of operation, together with further advantages and objects thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following description taken in connection with accompanying drawings wherein like reference characters refer to like elements. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 a  is a simplified schematic of the present invention; 
     FIG. 1 b  illustrates an example of an embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention with two IR motion detectors; 
     FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention with an IR motion detector and a pressure switch sensor; 
     FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention with an IR motion detector and an optical motion detector; and 
     FIG. 5 is a logic flowchart for the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2-4. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     FIG. 1 a  is a simplified schematic of the present invention and FIG. 1 b  illustrates one of many possible embodiments of the alerting device  10 . At least two sensors  20  monitor a predetermined space  30  wherein each sensor  20  transmits a signal, dependent upon the location of a person in the predetermined space  30 , to a logic controller  40 . If the combination of signals represent a person exiting the predetermined space  30  (as shown in FIG. 1 a ), the logic controller  40  transmits an alert signal to an annunciator  50 . The annunciator  50  includes a sign  55  and a light means  58  for illuminating the sign  65  upon receipt of the alert signal from the logic controller  40 . The sign  55  displays an alert message for the person to acknowledge and upon which to act. Energy for each sensor  20 , the logic controller  40 , and the annunciator  50  is provided by the power source  60  (electronic/electrical wiring and power source not shown in FIG. 1 b ). 
     The sensors  20  may be any combination of sensing devices capable of detecting a person and the direction the person is moving in the predetermined space  30 . For example, FIGS. 2-4 illustrate three embodiments of the present invention using a different combination of sensors  20  and a predetermined space  30  exemplified by a room with four walls and a door. Each sensor  20  is effective in detecting a person within a volume in the predetermined space  30 , hereinafter referred to as its “detection zone.” FIG. 2 illustrates the alerting device  10  mounted on a wall and having two infrared (IR) motion detectors  20   a  as the sensors  20 . In this embodiment, one of the IR motion detectors  20   a  has a detection zone identified as “Zone  1 ” and the other IR motion detector  20   a  has a detection zone identified as “Zone  2 ”. FIG. 3 illustrates the alerting device  10  having a wall-mounted IR motion detector  20   a  and a floor-mounted pressure switch  20   b , activated by the weight of a person stepping on the pressure switch  20   b , as the sensors  20 . In this embodiment, the IR motion detector  20   a  has a detection zone identified as “Zone  1 ” and the pressure switch  20   b  has a detection zone identified as “Zone  2 ” on the floor. FIG. 4 illustrates the alerting device  10  having a wall-mounted IR motion detector  20   a  and a light-beam motion detector  20   c , as the sensors  20 . In this embodiment, the IR motion detector  20   a  has a detection zone identified as “Zone  1 ” and the light-beam motion detector  20   c  has a detection zone identified as “Zone  2 ”. In all these embodiments, the detection zones  1  and  2  overlap, or nearly overlap, such that detection of a person in zone  1  only and then detection of a person in both zones  1  and  2  represents a person exiting the predetermined space  30  and results in an alert signal from the logic controller  40 . It is evident that other detection logic combinations could be utilized to optimize performance. For example, referring to FIG. 3, a person exiting the predetermined space  30  could also be represented by detection of a person in both zones  1  and  2  and then detection of a person in zone  2  only. An example of a flowchart for the logic circuit in the logic controller  40  is shown schematically in FIG.  5 . As known to those skilled in the art, such a logic circuit may comprise logic chips or a simple microprocessor. 
     Also known to those skilled in the art, other combinations of sensors  20  may be similarly used including, but not limited to, a floor-mounted pressure switch with a light-beam motion detector, multiple floor-mounted pressure switches, and multiple light-beam motion detectors. Furthermore, the sensors  20  may be in the form of a photo detector array such as that found in a digital camera. In this embodiment, the sensors  20  would transmit signals, representing the pixel characteristics in the picture frame of the camera, to the logic controller  40 . Detected changes in these pixel characteristics that represent a person exiting the predetermined space  30  would result in the logic controller  40  transmitting an alert signal to the annunciator  50 . 
     The predetermined space  30  is a space capable of being monitored by the sensors  20 . For IR motion detectors  20   a , the detection zones typically are spherical or conical in shape with a typical range of between about 0.5 and 3 m. The predetermined space  30  and location of the sensors  20  are typically identified by security, safety, or other personnel familiar with the monitoring sensors  20  to ensure objectives are met. Typically, a predetermined space  30  is a space near an exit of a specific work area. Anticipated work areas are those that are near a real or potential security or safety risk such as administrative, laboratory, industrial, construction, medical, and storage work areas. The work areas may be inside a building or out in the field such as a construction site. 
     As previously disclosed herein, the annunciator  50  includes an illuminable sign  55  that displays an alert message for the person to acknowledge and upon which to act. The alert message may be in the form of text (e.g., “Have you secured your classified material?”, “Have you safely stored your chemicals?”), a well-recognized symbol or graphic (e.g., radiation symbol, stop sign), or combinations thereof. Illumination of such an alert message is by a light means  58  that may be separated from the sign  55  (as shown in FIG. 1 b ) or preferably, the sign  55  is made of illuminable elements such as light-emiffing diodes (not shown). It is further preferred that the illumination circuit (not shown) include a flasher such that a flashing light further draws attention to the alert message. Typically, the annunciator  50  is located proximate to the predetermined space  30  and placed on a wall, fence, ceiling, floor, or ground near an exit of a specific work area so that a person is capable of acknowledging the reminder upon exiting. 
     An alternative for the annunciator  50  is for the annunciator  50  to also include an audible alarm  62  (see FIG. 1 b ) that is activated when the annunciator  50  receives the alert signal to further draw attention to the illuminated alert message. The audible alarm  62  may be, but is not limited to, a bell, horn, electronic voice synthesizer, magnetic tape player, and combinations thereof. It is preferable that this alternative has a means to either manually or automatically deactivate the annunciator  50  and to reset the sensors  20  so as not to become a nuisance for personnel after activation. This may be accomplished manually by incorporating an acknowledgment switch (not shown) on the alerting device  10  that is activated by the person, or accomplished automatically through the use of an adjustable deactivation timer in the alarm circuit. 
     The power source  60  may be, but is not limited to, conventional building power, solar power, or battery power. It is preferable that the alerting device  10  comprises the sensors  20 , the logic controller  40 , the annunciator  50  and a power source  60  that is portable (e.g., battery, solar cell, and combinations thereof as an integral unit (e.g., as shown in FIG. 1 b ) to minimize installation cost as well as being easily portable from work area to work area, as required. For the alerting device  10  powered by a battery, it is preferred that there is a to convenient means for security and occupational or industrial safety/health professionals to routinely test the remaining life of the battery (e.g., a battery test port installed on the alerting device  10 ). 
     Anticipated security applications for the alerting device  10  include protecting physical property associated with valuable, difficult to replace, or hazardous equipment and materials, and protecting business information designated as sensitive, proprietary, confidential, trade secret, classified, and intellectual property. Anticipated safety applications include those associated with industrial safety and occupational health hazards. Industrial safety and occupational health hazards include toxic chemical and biological agents, blood-borne pathogens, and radioactive contamination. 
     CLOSURE 
     While a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the invention in its broader aspects. The appended claims are therefore intended to cover all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.