Abstract:
A power-saving and reliable method for detecting notifications in a communication device is disclosed comprising the steps of successively receiving a finite set of notification indicators from a communication network, which in combination represent a notification identifier associated with the device; subsequently checking each received notification indicator whether it is positive or negative; determining, after each checked notification indicator and based on the checked notification indicators, whether to proceed with the next notification indicator or to decide on a presence of a notification for the predetermined notification identifier; and, if it is determined that a decision is to be made, interrupting the checking of notification before all notification indicators of the set have been checked and deciding, based on the checked notification indicators, whether a notification for the predetermined notification identifier is assumed to be present or not.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]     1. Field of the Invention  
         [0002]     This invention is related to communication systems requiring the notification of a special event to one or many receivers. In particular, this invention relates to the autonomous interruption of the reception and detection of a multi-frame notification sequence based on an internal decision of the receiving device.  
         [0003]     2. Description of the Related Art  
         [0004]     In networks without dedicated connection to each single device, notification of devices about events like incoming calls, arriving data or requests for certain services is necessary when devices assume an idle state with a part of their functions disabled. Network devices monitor the data stream on the network at pre-determined instances of time to look for notifications which tell them that any incident on the network requires their attention.  
         [0005]     One popular example of such networks are wireless networks, and in particular cellular networks. As a special examples of a cellular network, UMTS will be explained in more detail herein below.  
         [0006]     The paging procedure is one of the most fundamental procedures in a communication system (see Harri Holma and Antti Toskala, “WCDMA for UMTS, radio access for third generation mobile communications, second edition”, John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd., for an overview). It is a procedure defined between the mobile terminal (in UMTS called UE) and the radio access network that is used to inform the UE about the occurrence of a special event and triggers an associated behaviour with the UE. Main purpose of the paging procedure is to inform a specific UE about an incoming call (speech or data), but it can also be used to indicate changes in the network configuration and to request all UEs in the cell to read the broadcast control channel (BCCH) where this information is transmitted.  
         [0007]     The most typical example for this procedure is the paging of an idle mode UE in order to set up a call initiated by a third party. The paging procedure is illustrated in  FIG. 1 . An idle mode UE is switched on and registered to the network but has no permanent connection to it. Once registered in the network, each UE is allocated to a paging group, which is characterised by its paging indicator PI  101 . In idle mode, the UEs periodically monitor the PICH  100 , where the status (active/non active) of the different paging indicators is signalled. When a specific paging indicator is activated, it triggers all UEs in the cell which belong to the corresponding paging group to read the Paging Channel (PCH) and check the validity of the paging message received on the PICH and if the page was intended for the complete paging group (general paging) or for the particular UE.  
         [0008]     In more detail, each paging group is uniquely defined by two parameters. The first parameter is the paging occasion  102 , which specifies the time instants when the UEs belonging to a specific paging group should read the PICH. The second is the paging indicator identifier, which identifies the indicator  101  associated with the paging group of interest within the paging occasion frame  102 .  
         [0009]     The positions of the paging occasions are defined in 3GPP TS 25.304v5.4.0 “User Equipment (UE) procedures in idle mode and procedures for cell reselection in connected mode” as follows: 
 
Paging Occasions= IMSI mod DRX  cycle length+ n*DRX cycle length,  (1) 
 
 where IMSI is the globally unique UE identification number and n is a positive integer. Equation 1 indicates for each UE the system frame numbers of its paging occasions. The system frame numbering (SFN)  103  is a cyclic running time counter used to identify the transmitted frames over time. The SFN can assume values between 0 and 4095. Each frame  102 , 104 - 112  has a length of 10 ms. A definition of SFN can be found in 3GPP TS 25.402v5.3.0 “Synchronisation in UTRAN Stage 2”. Moreover, the time is divided, for paging purposes, into DRX cycles  113  (Discontinuous Reception), which regroup a fixed number of frames (DRX cycle length), here  102  and  106  to  111 . In 3GPP, a DRX cycle  113  is a network configured parameter and may vary between 8 frames (0.08s) and 512 frames (5.12s). Once per DRX cycle  113 , each UE wakes up at the frame  102  corresponding to its paging occasion and monitors the paging indicator of interest  101  that is transmitted over the PICH  100 . 
 
         [0010]     The paging indicator identifier related to a specific paging group depends also on the UE identifier IMSI as follows (from 3GPP TS 25.304v5.4.0, cited above): 
 
 EINBETTENPI   —   identifier =( IMSI div  8192) mod N   p,   (2) 
 
 where N p =(18, 36, 72, 144) is the number of paging indicators per PICH frame as defined in 3GPP TS 25.211v5.5.0 “Physical channels and mapping of transport channels onto physical channels”. 
 
         [0011]     If the paging indicator PI  101  corresponding to the paging indicator identifier of the UE paging group is activated during one of the paging occasion frames of the UE paging group, the UE reads the PCH (paging channel).  
         [0012]     The physical channel PICH structure is specified in 3GPP TS 25.211v5.5.0. One frame  200  has a length of 10 ms and is subdivided in  300  bits  201 ,  202  as shown in  FIG. 2 . The last 12 bits  202  are unused and reserved for further usage. The first 288 bits  201  are subdivided in N p  paging indicators where N p  is configured by the network. The paging indicators PI are further mapped on paging locations q depending on the SFN in order to combat time-localised interference as shown in the following equation.  
             q   =       (     PI   +     ⌊       (       (     18   ×     (     SFN   +     ⌊     SFN   /   8     ⌋     +     ⌊     SFN   /   64     ⌋     +     ⌊     SFN   /   512     ⌋       )       )     ⁢     mod   ⁢   144       )     ×     Np   144       ⌋       )     ⁢   mod   ⁢           ⁢   Np             (   3   )             
 
         [0013]     Depending on N p , each PI has a length L varying between 2 consecutive bits (N p =144) and 16 consecutive bits (N p =18). When a PI is activated, all corresponding L bits are set to 1. They are set to 0 otherwise.  
         [0014]     The performance of the paging procedure is measured by two metrics: the probability of missed event P m  and the probability of false alarm P f . A missed event occurs when the UE fails to detect a paging message because of decoding errors due to an unreliable interface between the transmitter and the receiver A false alarm occurs when the paging decision derived by the UE is positive although this UE was not actually paged. This generally happens since several UEs share the same paging group. A false alarm can be caused by an unreliable interface.  
         [0015]     The performance of the paging procedure is strongly influenced by 3 factors: the PICH transmission power, the number of paging indicators per frame N p  and the DRX cycle length. The first two factors have a particularly strong influence on the probability of missed event P m  (the probability of missing a page), whereas the last two impact mainly the probability of a false alarm P f  (the probability of decoding an active page although no dedicated page has been sent). At a fixed PICH transmission power, the probability P m  is much higher when N p  is set to an high value (e.g. 144) than with a lower N p  value (e.g 18). The exact value depends, of course, on the UE receiver performance. This aspect will not be further discussed, but it can be kept in mind that a low N p  value implies a lower P m . Unfortunately, this parameter has an opposite effect on the probability of false alarm, and a trade-off is necessary between P f  and P m . Indeed, assuming a perfect reception, the probability of false alarm is depending on the inverse of the total number of the paging groups, which is given by the following formula: 
 
 EINBETTEN  Total number of paging groups= N   p   *DRX  cycle length  (4) 
 
         [0016]     Some typical values for the probability of false alarm can be found in the right column of Table 1 further below.  
         [0017]     With UMTS, a new aspect has been brought into the field of paging with the introduction of Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS).  
         [0018]     In MBMS, a service (video clip, data download, etc.) is broadcast over a predefined service area and is received simultaneously by one or many mobiles that have previously subscribed to this service. An overview of the architecture and functional aspects of MBMS can is given in 3GPP TS 23.246v6.2.0 “Architecture and functional description”, and the radio aspects of MBMS are currently standardised in 3GPP TS 25.346v6.0.0 “Introduction of the Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) in the Radio Access Network (RAN) stage 2”. The main purpose of MBMS is to allow transmission of the same information to several mobiles at the same time (point to multipoint transmission PtM). Therefore the network does not need to set up dedicated links to each of the interested mobiles in order to transmit this data. Three new channels are currently standardised by 3GPP in order to introduce MBMS services into the UMTS system. The MTCH (MBMS Traffic Channel) is foreseen for carrying the MBMS data content itself to several UEs within one cell during a PtM transmission. If only a few UEs are interested in the broadcast service, the network may rely on normal DPCH channels after establishment of separate dedicated radio links (Point-to-point transmission PtP). Finally, two control channels are introduced. The MCCH (MBMS Control Channel) is broadcasting the current MBMS configuration, signals MBMS specific parameters or messages. The MICH (MBMS indicator channel) is used for UE notification purpose.  
         [0019]     One of the necessary functionalities to support MBMS is the MBMS notification procedure, with which the network informs the UEs interested in a specific service on the imminence of the transmission and signals the necessary configuration parameters. The main design criteria for this functionality are UE battery consumption, the robustness of the signalling against all kinds of perturbation and a low probability of false alarm. Unfortunately, these design targets might contradict each other, and typically a trade-off is needed between UE battery consumption and the probability of false alarm. For instance, UEs which have joined one or more MBMS services need to run a background process which periodically monitors the MICH. Frequent MICH readings might decrease the probability of false alarm, improve the signalling robustness and decrease the notification delay time, but would severely impact the UE power consumption.  
         [0020]     For MBMS, the current working assumption, as presented in 3GPP TS 25.346v6.0.0, cited above, is to reuse the paging procedure as much as possible. Each MBMS service is mapped onto an MBMS service group depending on its MBMS service identifier like an UE is mapped onto a paging group depending on its UE identifier (ISIM). An MBMS service group is characterised by its notification identifier, which is mirroring the paging indicator identifier concept. The mapping function between MBMS service identifiers and notification identifier of the corresponding MBMS service group has not been specified and no concrete proposal has been made up to now, but a mapping function similar to the one presented in Equation 2 will be certainly used if finally specified. The number of different MBMS service identifiers currently envisaged is 2 24 , whereas the number of different MBMS service groups depends on the notification procedure that will be standardised. It is, however, not certain that an MBMS service group concept will be standardised as some proposals presented in 3GPP in R1-040536 “False Alarm on MICH”, 3GPP TSG RAN1 Meeting #37 (Qualcomm) do not require this concept.  
         [0021]     Furthermore, a new MBMS indicator channel (MICH)  300  as shown in  FIG. 3  is introduced and reuses the same frame structure as the PICH  100 . It contains N ni  MBMS notification indicators NI per frame, and its value may be different to the number of paging indicators N p  carried per frame by the PICH. Each notification identifier of each MBMS service group is associated with a notification indicator NI  301  within the MICH frame. Depending on N ni , each NI is constituted L bits, where L varies between 2 bits (N p =144) and 16 bits (N p =18). When a NI is activated, all corresponding L bits are set to 1. They are set to 0 otherwise. The MICH frames are further regrouped into Modification Periods  302 , which should have a length at least as long as the longest DRX cycle considered in the cell. The notified MBMS service groups are the same over a modification period, and the MBMS UEs monitoring the notified MBMS service groups shall read the information broadcast over the MCCH at the next modification period.  
         [0022]     The main difference with respect to the paging procedure is that there is no paging occasion concept in MBMS, since an MBMS service notification is signalled over all the frames forming a modification period. This is performed in order to reach all idle mode UEs in the cell. It is currently not specified when an idle mode UE should read the MICH but one possible solution would be to check the MICH at the paging occasion  102  defined by the paging procedure, as the UE has to monitor the PICH in any case for normal paging procedure as shown in  FIG. 3 . This would lead to power saving, as paging and MBMS notification would require only one receiver activation per DRX cycle.  
         [0023]     Because of the absence of the time multiplexing between MBMS service groups realized by the paging occasions in the case of the standard paging procedure, the total number of MBMS service groups is significantly lower than the number of paging groups. The total number of MBMS service groups is straightforward to derive and equals to N ni . As for the paging procedure, the MBMS service group size influences the probability of false alarm P f  and the probability P m  of missing a notification. In order to guarantee a low P m , N ni  should be set to a low value. This would however have a negative impact on P f . Thus, since the loss of the time separation cannot be compensated by a higher number of notification indicators, the probability of false alarm for MBMS is significantly higher than for the paging procedure, as shown in column 2 of Table 1.  
                                     TABLE 1                           Probabilities of false alarm P f  for MBMS notification with K = 2                            Paging procedure false                       alarm DRX cycle                       length = 1.28 s               Indicator   Indicator   1 paged UE per           Current   combination   sequence   paging occasion           working   method   method   Uniform distribution       Np   assumption   K = 2   K = 2   of UE Id (IMSI)               18   5.6%   0.6%   0.3%   0.04%       36   2.8%   0.2%   0.08%    0.02%                  
 
         [0024]     Two main proposals are currently considered within 3GPP in order to lower the probability of false alarm on the MICH. The first one has been proposed by Samsung in R1-040520 “Reducing the false alarm probability on MICH decoding”, 3GPP TSG RAN1 Meeting #37 (Samsung), where a MBMS service group is identified by a particular combination of K notification indicator identifiers signalled by the corresponding notification indicators within one MICH frame. The second proposal from Qualcomm suggests mapping directly each MBMS service identifier onto a sequence of notification indicator identifiers signalled by the corresponding notification indicators over the successive frames composing a modification period (see 3GPP R1-040536 cited above). With this method, a single notification indicator identifier is signalled per frame. From this sequence, the UE reads K indicators in order to decide whether an MBMS service is notified.  
         [0025]     Herein below, this first method will be called “indicator combination method” and the latter one will be called “indicator sequence method”.  
         [0026]     It is straightforward to notice that both proposals rely on a multi-component message to signal a notification (several notification indicators are used) and not on a single element message (one notification indicator) anymore. The main difference between the proposals is that the indicator combination method uses notification indicator identifiers of the same frame whereas the indicator sequence method considers notification indicators that are spread over several frames. Moreover it should be highlighted that with 3GPP R1-040536 (indicator sequence method), MBMS services are directly notified and the intermediate stage of mapping the MBMS service onto MBMS service group does not exist anymore.  
         [0027]     The proposal of 3GPP R1-040520 to map each MBMS service group onto a combination of notification indicator identifiers within the same frame (indicator combination method) has the benefit of increasing the size of the MBMS service group and therefore decreasing the probability of false alarm. The number of the MBMS service groups is given by the following formula:  
                 MBMS   gpsize     =       (           N   ni             K         )     =         N   ni     !           (       N   ni     -   K     )     !     ⁢     K   !             ,           (   5   )             
 
 where K denotes the number of considered notification indicators for one MBMS service group within one frame. 
 
 With N ni =18 and K=2, the number of MBMS service groups is 153. 
 
         [0028]     It is straightforward to realize that, by the essence of the proposal itself, the UE needs to read the K notifications indicators in order to evaluate whether the monitored MBMS service group is notified or not. Depending on the UE implementation of this function, it might be necessary for the UE to switch its receiver K times during the monitored MICH frame. This might have a serious effect on the UE battery lifetime, as switching on and off a UE receiver frequently is rather power consuming.  
         [0029]     In 3GPP R1-040536, Qualcomm proposed to directly map each MBMS service identifier into a notification indicator identifier sequence transmitted over the modification period (indicator sequence method). From this sequence, K notification indicators are read by the UE. This is shown in  FIG. 4 . In the example shown in  FIG. 4 , K equals  2 . Starting with the UE paging occasion  102 , the UE reads two notification indicators  401 ,  402  within frames  403 ,  404  of MICH  300 . If both notification indicators  402 ,  402  are positive, a notification of the corresponding MBMS service identifier is assumed to be present, and information is received from the MCCH about the cause of the notification.  
         [0030]     With this method, the number of the MBMS service identifiers which can be distinguished depends on the number of notification indicators read by the UE. This is given by the following formula: 
 
 MBMS   dist     —     service   =N   ni   K ,  (6) 
 
 where K denotes the number of the read notification indicators of the notification sequence. 
 
         [0031]     In a sense, the number of distinguishable MBMS services is similar to the number of MBMS service groups as they have the same influence on false alarm probability.  
         [0032]     With N ni =18 and K=2, the number of the distinguishable MBMS service is 324, which is significantly higher than with the indicator combination method.  
         [0033]     From an implementation point of view, 3GPP R1-040536 recommends to read a block of K indicators before making a decision on the MBMS service notification as shown in  FIG. 4 . This would cause the UE receiver to stay on significantly longer compared with the current working assumption and therefore would severely decrease the battery lifetime.  
         [0034]     In the co-pending European Patent Application . . . , an alternative solution for the enhancement of the notification procedure is proposed. In this document it is recommended to identify the notified entity (MBMS service group or directly the MBMS service identifier) by a set of K coordinates, which are periodically signalled over the MICH.  
         [0035]     The problem to be solved is to provide a notification mechanism based on a MICH structure that would guarantee a low UE battery power consumption and low probabilities of missed notification and false alarm. As highlighted earlier, the MICH transmission power and the length of the notification indicators mainly drive the probability of missed event and this aspect will not be treated here. The probability of false alarm depends strongly on how the MBMS service identifier is mapped on a single notification indicator identifier or a set of notification indicator identifier. This aspect will not be discussed further in the context of this invention and is the object of co-pending European Patent Application “Cyclic transmission of notification coordinates in a communication system”, by the same inventor and applicant, filed at the same date (our docket number . . . ). The present invention focuses on the power consumption aspect of the notification procedures based multiple notification indicators, as all methods described earlier in this document require to read K indicators every DRX cycle. This behaviour has a detrimental impact on the overall battery lifetime.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0036]     It is the object of the present invention to provide a power saving method for detecting notifications in a communication device, in particular for the case that each notification identifier (device identifier, service identifier or service group identifier) is associated with a sequence of notification indicator identifiers.  
         [0037]     This object is achieved by a method according to claim  1 , a communication device according to claim  9 , a computer-readable medium according to claim  12  and a communication system according to claim  13 .  
         [0038]     The power consumption of the communication device is reduced by successively receiving a finite set of notification indicators from a communication network, which in combination represents a notification identifier associated with the receiving device; subsequently checking each received notification indicator whether it is positive or negative; determining, after each checked notification indicator and based on the checked notification indicators, whether to proceed with the next notification indicator or to decide on a presence of a notification for said predetermined notification identifier; and, if it is determined that a decision is to be made, interrupting the checking of notification indicators before all notification indicators of the set have been checked and deciding, based on the checked notification indicators, whether a notification for said predetermined notification identifier is assumed to be present or not.  
         [0039]     The presented method reduces the power consumption of the communication device without undue additional cost or trade-off for reliability.  
         [0040]     According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for detecting notifications in a communication device, said method comprises the steps of successively receiving a finite set of notification indicators from a communication network, which in combination represent a notification identifier associated with said device; subsequently checking each received notification indicator whether it is positive or negative; determining, after each checked notification indicator and based on the checked notification indicators, whether to proceed with the next notification indicator or to decide on a presence of a notification for said predetermined notification identifier; and, if it is determined that a decision is to be made, interrupting the checking of notification before all notification indicators of the set have been checked and deciding, based on the checked notification indicators, whether a notification for said predetermined notification identifier is assumed to be present or not.  
         [0041]     According to another aspect of the present invention, a communication device, for use in a communication system, comprises notification indicator receiving means for successively receiving a finite set of notification indicators from a communication network, which in combination represent a notification identifier associated with said device and notification detection means for checking the received notification indicators and detecting a notification designated for said notification identifier, and further comprises determining means for determining, after each checked notification indicator and based on the checked notification indicators, whether to proceed with the next notification indicator or to decide on a presence of a notification for said predetermined notification identifier; interrupting means for interrupting the checking of notification before all notification indicators of the set have been checked if it is determined that a decision is to be made; and decision means for deciding, based on the received notification indicators, whether a notification for said determined notification identifier is assumed to be present or not.  
         [0042]     According to a further aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable medium has stored thereon instructions that, when executed on a processor of a communication device, cause the processor to perform a method comprising the steps of successively receiving a finite set of notification indicators from a communication network, which in combination represent a notification identifier associated with said device; subsequently checking each received notification indicator whether it is positive or negative; determining, after each checked notification indicator and based on the checked notification indicators, whether to proceed with the next notification indicator or to decide on a presence of a notification for said predetermined notification identifier; and, if it is determined that a decision is to be made, interrupting the checking of notification before all notification indicators of the set have been checked and deciding, based on the checked notification indicators, whether a notification for said predetermined notification identifier is assumed to be present or not.  
         [0043]     According to still a further aspect of the present invention, a communication system comprises: an apparatus configured to send notifications for determined notification identifiers; a network for connecting elements of the communication system; and at least one communication device comprising notification indicator receiving means for successively receiving a finite set of notification indicators from a communication network, which in combination represent a notification identifier associated with said device and notification detection means for checking the received notification indicators and detecting a notification designated for said notification identifier, the communication device further comprising determining means for determining, after each checked notification indicator and based on the checked notification indicators, whether to proceed with the next notification indicator or to decide on a presence of a notification for said predetermined notification identifier; interrupting means for interrupting the checking of notification before all notification indicators of the set have been checked if it is determined that a decision is to be made; and decision means for deciding, based on the received notification indicators, whether a notification for said determined notification identifier is assumed to be present or not. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0044]     The accompanying drawings are incorporated into and form a part of the specification for the purpose of explaining the principles of the invention. The drawings are not to be construed as limiting the invention to only the illustrated and described examples of how the invention can be made and used. Further features and advantages will become apparent from the following and more particular description of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein  
         [0045]      FIG. 1  illustrates an example of a paging procedure as defined in 3GPP  
         [0046]      FIG. 2  shows an exemplary structure of a paging indicator channel as defined in 3GPP,  
         [0047]      FIG. 3  shows an example for a notification procedure for a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service as specified by 3GPP,  
         [0048]      FIG. 4  shows another example for a MBMS notification procedure according to an indicator sequence method,  
         [0049]      FIG. 5  shows how the present invention can be applied to a notification procedure as depicted in  FIG. 4 ,  
         [0050]      FIG. 6  depicts a flow chart for a step-by-step reading according to one embodiment of the invention,  
         [0051]      FIG. 7  illustrates a flow chart for a step-by-step reading of a notification sequence for reduced power consumption according to another embodiment of the invention,  
         [0052]      FIG. 8  shows an advantageous method for defining a start occasion of a notification detection according to a sequence based method.  
         [0053]      FIG. 9  shows an exemplary structure of a communication device. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0054]     The illustrative embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the figure drawings, wherein like elements and structures are indicated by like reference numbers.  
         [0055]     Referring now to  FIGS. 5 and 6 , the idea of the invention is explained in detail for the example of the indicator sequence method. In this example, K again equals  2 , although the invention could be applied without restriction to any greater value. Indeed, the power saving increases significantly for increasing K. At the UE paging occasion  102 , the UE reads the notification indicator  501  from frame  503  corresponding to the MBMS service identifier with step  61 . The UE may read notification indicator identifiers in any order. Therefore there is no requirement to start at a certain frame, and the most appropriate frame from power saving point of view is chosen. Notification indicator  501  is identified by a notification indicator identifier. This corresponding identifier is comprised in a sequence of notification indicator identifiers associated with a notification identifier. The notification identifier in turn may be a service identifier or a service group identifier of a service subscribed by the UE or, in other applications, an identifier of the UE itself. In any case this notification identifier is associated in some way with the UE meaning that the corresponding notification is relevant for the UE. The UE now checks the contents of indicator  501  in step  62  and determines whether a decision about the presence of a notification can already be made or not. In the case that the indicator  501  is negative, it is determined in step  63  that a decision can be made, the checking of further indicators is interrupted, and it is decided that a notification is assumed not to be present. In the case that indicator  501  is positive, the probabilities for both alternatives are too similar, and it is checked in step  64  whether the sequence has reached its end. In the example of  FIG. 2 , K equals  2 , and one more indicator is available. Steps  61  and  62  are repeated to read and check the next indicator  502  of the sequence in the subsequent frame. If indicator  502  is negative, it is determined in step  63  that no notification is assumed to be present. If indicator  502  is positive, step  64  states that the sequence has been complete read and checked and decides that a notification is assumed to be present (although it might be false alarm due to the co-existence of two other notifications). As a consequence, information about the cause of the notification is obtained from another channel, like for example the MCCH, in step  65 . Any false alarm could then be discovered from this information.  
         [0056]     In another alternative of the invention, the notification detection can be interrupted advantageously without receiving a negative indicator, if a sufficient number of positive indicators have been received so that the presence of a notification can be assumed with sufficiently high probability. This alternative yields further reduction of power consumption. It can be implemented alone or advantageously in combination with the alternative described above. This implementation is illustrated in  FIG. 7 . Steps  71  to  75  correspond to steps  61  to  65  of  FIG. 6 . In the case that the checked indicator is positive and the end of the sequence has not yet been reached, there is another decision in box  76  whether a sufficient number of positive indicators has already been checked to assume with sufficient probability that a notification is present. The criterion for this is determined by the UE, although it may rely on information received from the network. One straightforward possibility would be to check a fixed number of indicators depending on the length of the sequence. However, as the risk of false alarm depends on the traffic payload on the MICH, this could be influencing the criterion in a way that more indicators are checked with a high traffic payload on the MICH, and a positive decision is made after fewer indicators have been checked in the case that there are only few notifications present in total on the MICH. One way to obtain information about the traffic payload of the MICH would be to calculate the fraction of positive indicators among all indicators on the MICH or the fraction of positive indicators among all received indicators. Another alternative with less effort and therefore less power consumption for the UE would be to obtain this information by means of a broadcast message from the entity which manages the content of the MICH. A further possibility is to maintain a record of false alarms per time unit, observed by the receiving device in the past. This value of false alarms per time unit could also serve as a value influencing the probability of a false alarm.  
         [0057]     The described procedures will save UE power compared to the original proposals and thus extent the battery lifetime. The same enhancement is possible in case of an intra-frame combination of notification indicators, but there might be a lower impact on the UE power consumption. The indicators might be consecutive or located close together and therefore it might not be very power consuming to keep the receiver switched on for a longer period in order read all indicators.  
         [0058]     As explained above, in the case of MBMS notification, information about the cause of the notification should be received in the modification period following the notification. As can be seen in  FIG. 3 , it can be disadvantageous to start with the detection of the notification at the time of the UE paging location, if this time is closer to the end of the modification period than the number of indicators to be checked, because the notification detection might not be finished before the start of the next modification period, and the state of the notification might be opposite in the next modification period rendering a proper detection impossible. Therefore, according to another alternative of this invention, a start occasion for the detection with respect to the modification period is determined like shown in  FIG. 8 . First, the number of indicators d to be checked for the detection of a notification is determined in step  81 . This could either be the length of the indicator sequence or a number determined as criterion for box  76  of  FIG. 7 . In box  82  the start occasion is defined at least d frames before the end of the modification period. Thus it is assured that the reception and detection is started early enough to allow to receive and check at least as many notification indicators out of the sequence as required for a proper detection of the notification. In other networks other time intervals than frames and modification periods may exist. This method is applicable to all systems where the second time interval, during which the state of all notifications is kept constant, comprise a fixed entire number of the first time intervals containing one notification indicator each for each sequence.  
         [0059]      FIG. 9  illustrates a schematic of a network device for carrying out the method described above. Among other components not interesting in this context, the device  90  comprises notification indicator receiving means  91  like a network interface for receiving notification indicators from a network, notification detection means  92  for checking the received notification indicators and detecting a notification designated for a notification identifier identifying the device itself, a service to which the device is subscribed or which it hosts or a service group to which such a service belongs. The device  80  further comprises determining means  93  for determining, after each checked notification indicator and based on the checked notification indicators, whether a decision about the presence of a notification for the mentioned notification identifier is to be made; interrupting means  94  for interrupting the detection of the notification before all notification bits have been received if it is determined that a decision is to be made; and decision means  95  for deciding, based on the received notification indicators, whether a notification for said determined notification identifier is existing assumed to be present or not. Means  92  to  95  may be implemented in software on a processing unit of the device  90 .  
         [0060]     Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the implementation of the above described various embodiments using hardware and software. It is recognized that the various above mentioned methods as well as the various logical blocks, modules, circuits described above may be implemented or performed using computing devices, as for example general purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, etc. The various embodiments of the present invention may also be performed or embodied by a combination of these devices.  
         [0061]     Further, the various embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by means of software modules which are executed by a processor or directly in hardware. Also a combination of software modules and a hardware implementation may be possible. The software modules may be stored on any kind of computer readable storage media, for example RAM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, registers, hard disks, CD-ROM, DVD, etc.  
         [0062]     Various embodiments as described above may provide low probabilities of missed notification and false alarm in MBMS notification. Thus, battery power consumption of mobile devices may be reduced. At the same time undue additional cost or trade-off for reliability are avoided.  
         [0063]     While the invention has been described with respect to the embodiments constructed in accordance therewith, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, variations and improvements of the present invention may be made in the light of the above teachings and within the purview of the appended claims without departing from the spirit and intended scope of the invention. In addition, those areas in which it is believed that those of ordinary skill in the art are familiar, have not been described herein in order to not unnecessarily obscure the invention described herein. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited by the specific illustrative embodiments, but only by the scope of the appended claims.