Abstract:
In various embodiments, a High Definition (HD) camera may be controlled by one or more motors in a base of the HD camera. Cables and other components may be used to manipulate the HD camera lens through the side arms of the HD camera. Putting the motors in the base may reduce the size of the outer case of the HD camera and add stability. In some embodiments, images from the HD camera may be converted into a serialized stream and transported over a cable from the HD camera. Other components may also be used to increase the functionality of the HD camera.

Description:
PRIORITY 
     This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/619,227 titled “High Definition Camera and Mount”, which was filed Oct. 15, 2004, whose inventors are Michael L. Kenoyer, Patrick D. Vanderwilt, Paul D. Frey, Paul Leslie Howard, Jonathan I. Kaplan, and Branko Lukic. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates generally to cameras and, more specifically, to video cameras. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Video conference calling may allow participants to see other participants in the call using video connections (e.g., between cameras/monitors). Video conferencing systems may use cameras to capture images of conference participants at one site to transmit and display to conference participants at another site. Some conference systems may place the camera on top of the video monitor that is displaying the other participants. Because the participants in the conference will probably be facing the video monitor, the placement of the camera on top of the video monitor may allow conference participants to speak during the conference without needing to face a different direction to have their video captured. Because cameras in video conference systems may be placed on top of video monitors in the video conference system, the size of the camera used may be limited. For example, high definition (HD) cameras provide high definition images, but they may be too large and too difficult to control for a video conferencing system. It may not be possible to place a HD camera on top of a display monitor as part of a conference system. 
     Traditionally, a tilt motor on the HD camera may be used in a rotating head of the HD camera structure and coupled to a lens/sensor assembly on the HD camera. A panning mechanism on the HD camera may need to overcome inertia of not only the lens/sensor assembly, but also the inertia of the tilt motor and linkage in the rotating head of the HD camera. In addition, traditional HD cameras may use thick cables to send analog signals (which may be susceptible to noise). 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In various embodiments, a High Definition (HD) camera may have a lens portion and a base portion coupled to each other through one or more arm portions. The HD camera may be controlled by one or more motors in the HD camera&#39;s base. A tilt motor in the HD camera base may control the tilt of the HD camera, while a pan motor in the HD camera base may pan the HD camera. The tilt and pan motors may be coupled to plates in the base of the HD camera. The tilt motor may also be coupled to cables in an arm portion of the HD camera. 
     Putting the motors in the base may reduce the size of the outer case of the HD camera and add stability. In some embodiments, images from the HD camera may be converted into a serialized digital stream and transported over a data cable from the lens through a center shaft of the HD camera. This may allow the placement of several components for processing images, etc. in a base of the camera instead of in the lens portion. Other information may also be sent over the data cable (e.g., bi-directional control data and power). Other components in the lens portion and/or base portion may also be used to increase the functionality of the HD camera. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       A better understanding of the present invention may be obtained when the following detailed description is considered in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  illustrates an outer casing of a HD pan, tilt, zoom (PTZ) camera, according to an embodiment; 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a cutaway front view of a HD PTZ camera, according to an embodiment; 
         FIG. 3  illustrates a side view of the internal components of the HD PTZ camera, according to an embodiment; 
         FIG. 4  illustrates another view of the internal components of the HD PTZ camera, according to an embodiment; 
         FIG. 5  illustrates a method of positioning an HD PTZ camera, according to an embodiment; and 
         FIG. 6  illustrates a method of receiving information from an HD PTZ camera  100 , according to an embodiment. 
     
    
    
     While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the drawings and detailed description thereto are not intended to limit the invention to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. Note, the headings are for organizational purposes only and are not meant to be used to limit or interpret the description or claims. Furthermore, note that the word “may” is used throughout this application in a permissive sense (i.e., having the potential to, being able to), not a mandatory sense (i.e., must). The term “include”, and derivations thereof, mean “including, but not limited to”. The term “coupled” means “directly or indirectly connected”. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Incorporation By Reference 
     U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/619,303, titled “Speakerphone”, which was filed Oct. 15, 2004, whose inventors are Michael L. Kenoyer, William V. Oxford, and Simon Dudley is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety as though fully and completely set forth herein. 
     U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/619,212, titled “Video Conferencing Speakerphone”, which was filed Oct. 15, 2004, whose inventors are Michael L. Kenoyer, Craig B. Malloy, and Wayne E. Mock is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety as though fully and completely set forth herein. 
     U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/619,227, titled “High Definition Camera and Mount”, which was filed Oct. 15, 2004, whose inventors are Michael L. Kenoyer, Patrick D. Vanderwilt, Paul D. Frey, Paul Leslie Howard, Jonathan I. Kaplan, and Branko Lukic, is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety as though fully and completely set forth herein. 
     U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/619,210, titled “Video Conference Call System”, which was filed Oct. 15, 2004, whose inventors are Michael J. Burkett, Ashish Goyal, Michael V. Jenkins, Michael L. Kenoyer, Craig B. Malloy, and Jonathan W. Tracey is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety as though fully and completely set forth herein. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates a HD pan, tilt, zoom (PTZ) camera  100 , according to an embodiment. In some embodiments, the HD PTZ camera  100  may be used to provide video of participants during a video conference call. In some embodiments, the HD PTZ camera  100  may be a companion HiDef pan-tilt-zoom camera with a resolution of 1280×720 at 30 frames per second (fps). Other cameras, resolutions, and frame rates are also contemplated. 
     In some embodiments, the HD PTZ camera  100  may have a lens portion  101  coupled to a base  105  by one or more arm portions (e.g., camera bracket arms  103 ). In some embodiments, the lens portion  101  may be panned and/or tilted by motors in the base  105 . The lens portion  101  may be pointed towards a participant or another source of visual interest. In some embodiments, the lens portion  101  may be panned by a motor turning the base shaft  107 . In some embodiments, the lens portion  101  may be tilted by a motor turning a rod  109 . In some embodiments, the pan motor and the tilt motor may be in the base of the HD PTZ camera  100 . Other locations of the pan and tilt motors are also contemplated. In some embodiments, one motor may be used for panning and tilting the HD PTZ camera  100 . In some embodiments, multiple motors may be used for panning and/or tilting the HD PTZ camera. In some embodiments, an electromechanical motor may be used. Other motors are also contemplated. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a cutaway view of a HD PTZ camera  100 , according to an embodiment. Pan motor  201  and tilt motor  207  may substantially control movement of the HD PTZ camera  100 . In some embodiments, the pan motor  201  and/or tilt motor  207  may be in the base of the HD PTZ camera  100 . Putting the motors in the base may reduce the size of the outer case of the HD PTZ camera  100  and add stability. Pan motor  201  may rotate a first plate  203  that may pan the HD PTZ camera  100  to the left or right. In some embodiments, the pan motor  201  may turn a gear with teeth that interlock with teeth on the plate  203  to rotate the HD PTZ camera  100  through a range of motion (e.g., 180 degrees) left to right. In some embodiments, a larger or smaller range of motion may be implemented. Other sizes of plates  203  may also be used. For example, a larger plate may allow a larger range of motion. 
     In some embodiments, a tilt motor  207  may turn a second plate  209  using a gear with teeth that interlock with teeth on the second plate  209 . The second plate  209  may turn a cable wheel  205  that may pull cable  211  in to the left or right (depending on which way the plate  209  is rotated). The cable  211  may rotate a tilt wheel  215  that may turn a rod  109  to tilt the HD PTZ camera  100  in the up and down direction. Offsetting connectors  213  with grooves for the cable  211  may hold the cable  211  away from the side of the interior of the HD PTZ camera  100  while also allowing the cable  211  to move back and forth along the interior of the HD PTZ camera bracket arm  219 . While two sets of offsetting connectors  213  are shown, other numbers of offsetting connectors  213  may also be used. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates a side view of the internal components of the HD PTZ camera  100 , according to an embodiment. In some embodiments, a screw hole  301  for a tripod mount screw may be provided. The HD PTZ camera  100  may attach to a mount through the tripod mount screw (other fasteners are also contemplated). 
     In some embodiments, the HD PTZ camera  100  may use a wide angle lens  309  to capture an image of a participant even at a close angle. A data cable  303  may provide a link for data to and from the HD PTZ camera  100 . In some embodiments, the signal from the HD PTZ camera  100  may be digitized before being sent down the data cable  303  in a high speed serial digital stream. Other data types and conversions are also contemplated. For example, an industry standard electrical (Low Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS)) and/or mechanical (e.g., Firewire/IEEE1394) interface may be used. In some embodiments, the data cable  303  may be thin and flexible. The data cable  303  may provide a digital interface to the HD PTZ camera  100  with, for example, six wires from the HD PTZ camera  100  to the HD PTZ camera base. Other numbers of wires may also be used. In some embodiments, the data cable  303  may form a high speed digital bus for carrying digitized microphone data, digital image data, bi-directional control data for controlling pan, tilt, focus, zoom motors, iris motors, and/or power to the HD PTZ camera  100 . Because the data is in digital form, there may be no loss of signal quality over long distances (e.g., approximately 25 feet or longer). Digital repeaters may be used to extend the distance further than 25 feet. In addition, the digital signal may not need to be compressed. In some embodiments, a standard may be used for the digital data stream. In addition, the digital signal may be able to travel further with more power to the signal. In some embodiments, the data cable  303  may be up to 50 feet long. Other lengths are also contemplated. 
     In some embodiments, the data cable  303  may run up one of the arms  305  of the HD PTZ camera  100  to the central components of the lens portion  307 . In some embodiments, the data cable  303  may run up the other arm  305  that does not contain the tilt cable  211 . In some embodiments, the data cable  303  may not run up an arm of the camera. For example, the data cable  303  may terminate in the base of the camera to a Printed Wiring Board (PWB) containing control electronics. In some embodiments, a different cable may connect the PWB to the camera head  307 . In some embodiments, the different cable may have a different construction than the data cable  303 , but may include similar elements (e.g., power, digital video signals, control signals, etc) as data cable  303 . In some embodiments, the different cable may have a similar construction (e.g., be made of similar wires, similar number of signal lines, etc.). 
     In some embodiments, the wide angle lens  309  may capture wide angle views without a wide field adapter. The captured view may be clearer and have less distortion without the wide field adapter. In some embodiments, the wide angle lens may allow for 70 degrees and greater fields of view. Other fields of view are also contemplated. In some embodiments, a wide field adapter may be used. 
       FIG. 4  illustrates another view of the internal components of the HD PTZ camera  100 , according to an embodiment. In some embodiments, an opto-interrupter on the gear plate  203  may be used to stop panning or tilting of the HD PTZ camera  100  if the HD PTZ camera  100  is panned or tilted past a predefined point. In some embodiments, additional opto-interrupters (e.g.,  411 ) may be put on the other gear plate  209 . In some embodiments, the opto-interrupters may be put on both sides of each gear plate to detect when the HD PTZ camera  100  was rotated or tilted past each end of a predefined point. In some embodiments, a spring  401  may bias the motor support plate  403  toward the center of the HD PTZ camera  100 . This bias may keep the motor gear  201  in contact with the gear plate  203 . 
     In various embodiments, an array of microphones  405  may be used to point the HD PTZ camera  100  in the direction of a speaking participant. The signals from the microphones  405  may be beamformed to determine the direction of arrival. The HD PTZ camera  100  may then be aimed at a participant or another source of audio. In some embodiments, eight low noise microphones  405  may be integrated into the HD PTZ camera  100 . Other numbers of microphones and other microphone array orientations may be used. In some embodiments, the HD PTZ camera  100  may not have microphones (e.g., it may be steered by a user). Digitized microphone data may be sent down the data cable  303 . 
     In some embodiments, the location or angle of a participant relative to the HD PTZ camera  100  may be determined by beamforming data from the microphones  405 . The microphone positions relative to the HD PTZ camera  100 , along with the angle and zoom of the HD PTZ camera  100  may be known or determined by the system. The microphone positions, camera angle, and camera zoom may then be used in conjunction with the data from the microphones  405  to determine the angle of the participant relative to the true visual field of the HD PTZ camera  100 . In some embodiments, the spatial positioning of the participant relative to the visual field may be determined and the HD PTZ camera  100  may be steered/aimed to center on the participant (or may be steered to another predetermined angle and zoom relative to the participant). Other uses of audio directional information may also be used. For example, the audio directional information may be used to provide stereo or psuedo-stereo audio on a far-end video conference system. For example, the audio from a participant to the right of the camera&#39;s direction of view may be provided out a right-hand speaker of a far-end video conference system monitor. 
     In some embodiments, a remote control sensor  407  may be provided. In some embodiments, multiple remote control sensors may be provided to make it easier for the HD PTZ camera  100  to receive signals from a remote control. In some embodiments, the HD PTZ camera  100  may receive signals through the remote control sensor  407  from a remote control. The remote control signals may be relayed through cable  303  to a video conference system. Additional connectors may also be provided. In some embodiments, light-pipe  409  may be provided (e.g., for a light emitting diode (LED) on a circuit board behind the light-pipe  409 ). The LED may be used to indicate when a signal is received from the remote control or may be illuminated when the HD PTZ camera  100  is powered. Other uses for the LED are also contemplated. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates a method of positioning an HD PTZ camera  100 , according to an embodiment. It is noted that in various embodiments one or more of the method elements may be performed concurrently, in a different order, or be omitted. Additional elements may be performed as desired. 
     At  501 , a first signal to pan the HD PTZ camera  100  may be received. 
     At  503 , a first motor (e.g., pan motor  201 ) may be activated to pan the HD PTZ camera  100 . In some embodiments, the first motor may pan the HD PTZ camera  100  through rotation of a first plate  203  coupled to the HD PTZ camera  100 . 
     At  505 , a second signal to tilt the HD PTZ camera  100  may be received. 
     At  507 , a second motor (e.g., tilt motor  207 ) may be activated to tilt the HD PTZ camera  100 . In some embodiments, the second motor may tilt the HD PTZ camera  100  through rotation of a second plate  209  coupled to the HD PTZ camera  100  through cables in an arm of the HD PTZ camera  100 . 
     At  509 , if the first plate  203  or the second plate  209  moves past a predefined point (as detected by an opto-interrupter), the opto-interrupter  411  may signal the first motor or the second motor, respectively, to stop. 
     At  511 , data to and from the HD PTZ camera  100  may be transmitted as a high speed serial digital stream through a thin cable coupled to the HD PTZ camera  100 . 
       FIG. 6  illustrates a method of receiving information from an HD PTZ camera  100 , according to an embodiment. It is noted that in various embodiments one or more of the method elements may be performed concurrently, in a different order, or be omitted. Additional elements may be performed as desired. 
     At  601 , information may be determined in the HD PTZ camera  100 . For example, information may include a visual image detected through the lens of the HD PTZ camera, microphone data (e.g., used in beamforming), or other data. 
     At  603 , information may be sent in digital form through a cable coupling the HD PTZ camera to a video conferencing system. In some embodiments, the information may be digitized in the HD PTZ camera  100  prior to being sent. In some embodiments, the information may not need to be digitized prior to being sent (e.g., information may already be in digital form). In some embodiments, information may be sent using another means besides a cable (e.g., through a wireless transmission). 
     At  605 , a video conferencing system may receive the digital data. 
     Further modifications and alternative embodiments of various aspects of the invention may be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of this description. Accordingly, this description is to be construed as illustrative only and is for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art the general manner of carrying out the invention. It is to be understood that the forms of the invention shown and described herein are to be taken as embodiments. Elements and materials may be substituted for those illustrated and described herein, parts and processes may be reversed, and certain features of the invention may be utilized independently, all as would be apparent to one skilled in the art after having the benefit of this description of the invention. Changes may be made in the elements described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as described in the following claims.