Abstract:
A drive lever arrangement is provided. The drive lever arrangement includes a unison ring which has a groove; a drive lever having connection means for connecting the drive lever to the unison ring; a drive lever pin having a transversal throughbore hole; and a clip, wherein the drive lever pin connects the drive lever to the unison ring, and wherein the clip is inserted in the groove through the throughbore hole of the drive lever pin, and engages with the groove of the unison ring.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is the US National Stage of International Application No. PCT/EP2012/057483 filed Apr. 24, 2012, and claims the benefit thereof. The International Application claims the benefit of European Application No. EP 11166595.6 filed May 18, 2011. All of the applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. 
     FIELD OF INVENTION 
     The invention relates to a drive lever arrangement. The invention further relates to a method of placing a drive lever pin in a drive lever arrangement. Moreover, the invention relates to a use of an R-shaped clip in a drive lever arrangement. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In general, a gas turbine comprises vanes which are connected via a drive lever to a unison ring. The unison ring with its lever arrangement is typically found in the compressor section of the gas turbine, but may also be used in the turbine section of the gas turbine, e.g. the power turbine section. Possible connection means for connecting the drive lever to the unison ring are nuts and bolts, screwed hinge pins or secured pins, in particular cir-clip secured pins. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,979,874 discloses a variable vane drive mechanism, particularly discloses a drive arm lever which extends from the unison ring to a post at the outward end of a corresponding trailing edge segment. Each lever arm has a vane post end and a unison ring end. The unison ring end of each lever arm is attached to the unison ring by means, such as a bolt and a nut. The unison ring end of the lever arm is rotatable about the bolt. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,492,446 discloses a self-aligning variable stator vane including an airfoil with an integral outer trunnion having a seat extending integrally therefrom. A threaded stem extends from the seat and includes a coextensive alignment surface that cooperates with a complementary mounting hole in a lever arm which restrains rotation of the lever arm about the stem during assembly for ensuring a predetermined rotational orientation between the lever arm and the airfoil. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,802,692 discloses a device for controlling a variable-angle vane for a stator of a turbomachine compressor. The device comprises a link, connection means forming a hinge between a first end of the link and a control ring, fixing means for fixing a second end of the link on a pivot of a vane to be controlled, and pinch means acting transversely relative to a longitudinal midplane of the link to lock the second end of the link in rotation without slack on the pivot. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,356,288 discloses an axial flow compressor comprising an outer casing, inner frame members, and adjustable compressor stages. Each stage comprises a row of stator blades and a row of rotating compressor blades. The stator blades are each mounted by stud shafts journaled in the outer casing and inner frame respectively for pivotal movement about an axis extending radially from the center of rotation of a rotor. An end of a lever arm is secured to each stud and the other end of the lever arm is secured in an actuator ring using a pin which is retained on the actuator ring by a snap ring. 
     GB 837,649 discloses an axial-flow compressor having radially directed stator blades mounted on a casing for rotation about their axes by means of actuating rings encircling the casing and connected by levers to the bases of the blades. The rings are connected to the levers by universal joints, and the levers are secured to the bases of the blades, relative rotation between the levers and their blades being prevented by tangs on the bases received within openings in the levers. 
     There may be a need to provide a drive lever arrangement and method of placing a drive lever pin in a drive lever arrangement that allows for a quick and easy assembling and disassembling of parts of the drive lever arrangement, e.g. for maintenance and service. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In order to meet the need defined above, a drive lever arrangement, a method of placing a drive lever pin in a drive lever arrangement, and a use of an R-shaped clip in a drive lever arrangement according to the independent claims are provided. 
     According to an exemplary aspect, a drive lever arrangement is provided, wherein the drive lever arrangement comprises a unison ring which comprises a groove, a drive lever comprising connection means for connecting the drive lever to the unison ring, a drive lever pin comprising a transversal throughbore hole, and a clip, wherein the drive lever pin connects the drive lever to the unison ring, and wherein the clip is inserted in the groove through the throughbore hole of the drive lever pin, and engages with the groove of the unison ring. 
     The drive lever arrangement may be a drive lever arrangement of a turbine, in particular a turbine with a variable guide vane mechanism. In particular, the unison ring may comprise a body or compact portion. The compact portion of the unison ring may extend as a massive body in the axial direction and the radial direction of the unison ring and may form the main body of the unison ring. In particular, the groove may be formed in or at the compact portion of the unison ring, so that the groove may extend along the axial direction of the unison ring and along the radial direction of the unison ring as well. That is, the groove may be a circumferential groove so that a cross section through the unison ring may roughly form a U or W shape. Furthermore, a dimension of the groove along the axial direction of the unison ring may be greater than a dimension of the groove along the radial direction. That is, the depth of the groove may be greater than the width of the groove. 
     In particular, the transversal throughbore hole of the drive lever pin may be a throughbore hole in a transversal direction of the drive lever pin. For example, a transversal direction of the drive lever pin may be a direction perpendicular to the main axis of the drive lever pin, e.g. the radial direction of the drive lever pin. 
     For example, a clip which may be inserted through the throughbore hole of the drive lever pin, may be a cotter pin, a split pin, an R-clip or a hairpin pin. In particular, a cotter pin may be a pin with a loop on one end, and two sides which are inserted through a pin to be secured, for example the drive lever pin. The ends of the cotter pin are split and bent over to prevent the cotter pin from coming loose. 
     According to an exemplary aspect, a method of placing a drive lever pin in a drive lever arrangement is provided, wherein the drive lever arrangement comprises a unison ring comprising a groove, a drive lever comprising connection means for connecting the drive lever to the unison ring, and a drive lever pin comprising a transversal throughbore hole, wherein the method comprises connecting the drive lever to the unison ring with the drive lever pin, inserting an clip in the groove through the throughbore hole of the drive lever pin. 
     According to an exemplary aspect a use of an R-shaped clip in a drive lever arrangement is provided. In particular, according to an exemplary embodiment the drive lever arrangement may comprise a unison ring which comprises a groove, a drive lever comprising connection means for connecting the drive lever to the unison ring, a drive lever pin comprising a transversal throughbore hole, and a clip, e.g. the R-shaped clip, wherein the drive lever pin connects the drive lever to the unison ring. 
     In particular, the clip may be inserted in the groove through the throughbore hole of the drive lever pin, and engages with the groove of the unison ring. Additionally and/or alternatively, the drive lever pin may further comprise a circumferential collar element, wherein the circumferential collar element is adapted to engage with the groove, wherein the clip is inserted through the throughbore hole of the drive lever pin. 
     An advantage of the use of such a clip in a drive lever arrangement may be that the drive lever pin may be secured in such a way that a movement, e.g. a rotation of the drive lever pin is inhibited. If a rotation of the drive lever pin is inhibited a stability of a drive lever arrangement may be increased. 
     An R-shaped clip is a fastener made of a springy material, commonly hardened metal wire, resembling the shape of the letter “R”. R-shaped clips are commonly used to secure the ends of round shafts such as axles. The straight leg of the R-clip is pushed into a hole near one end of the shaft until the semicircular “belly” in the middle of the other, bent leg of the R-clip grips one side of the shaft so that the R-clip is secured in the hole. To assist insertion the end of the bent leg is angled away from the straight leg. This angled end rides the side of the shaft and opens the “belly” mouth enough to pass the widest part of the shaft as the R-clip is inserted. 
     For maintenance or service reasons it may be necessary to remove parts of a drive lever arrangement, in particular unison rings and/or vanes. A connection between vanes and the unison ring by a drive lever pin may offer a quick and less intricate way of connecting the drive lever to the unison ring compared to a nut and bolt connection. However, pins may need to be secured in particular along the axial direction of the pin in order to prohibit a lateral movement of the pin and thus a loosening of the drive lever. For example, cir-clips or R-shaped clips may be used to secure pins. Also cotter pins, split pins, or hairpin pins may be used to secure pins. 
     An advantage of a split pin or a cotter pin over cir-clips may be that inserting a split pin or cotter pin through a transversal throughbore hole of the drive lever pin is less intricate than fitting a cir-clip around a shaft of the drive lever pin. 
     A particular advantage of an R-shaped clip over cir-clips may be that inserting a straight leg of an R-shaped clip through a transversal throughbore hole of the drive lever pin is less intricate than fitting a cir-clip around a shaft of the drive lever pin. Furthermore, parts of an assembled R-shaped clip may still be visible. Thus, it may be easily checked whether the R-shaped clip is assembled correctly so that the pin may be secured. 
     Next, further exemplary embodiments of the drive lever arrangement are described. However, these embodiments also apply to the method of placing a drive lever pin and the use of an R-shaped clip in a drive lever arrangement. 
     According to an exemplary embodiment of the drive lever arrangement the clip comprises a first leg and a bent second leg, wherein the first leg and the bent second leg are connected by a spring part. 
     In particular, the first leg may be a straight leg or a bent leg. For example, the spring part of the clip may be configured as a single spring or as a double spring. In particular, the bent second leg may be a curved leg. The first leg of the clip may be adapted to be put through the transversal throughbore hole of the drive lever pin. The bent second leg of the clip may be adapted to grip around an outer perimeter of the drive lever pin or match to the outer perimeter of the drive lever pin. The clip may prohibit loosening of the drive lever pin; in particular it may secure a radial position of the drive lever pin and may at the same time be secured to the pin due to the gripping or matching of the bent second leg. 
     According to an exemplary embodiment of the drive lever arrangement, wherein the bent second leg comprises a first region where a distance between the first leg of the clip and the bent second leg of the clip increases and a second region where the distance between the first leg of the clip and the bent second leg of the clip decreases. 
     In particular, the distance of the first leg and the bent second leg may diverge and converge in such a way that a gap between the first leg and the bent second leg is formed. More particularly, the gap between the first leg and the bent second leg may secure the drive lever pin. For example, an end of the bent second leg may be angled away from the first leg. This angled end may ride a side of a shaft of the drive lever pin and may open an opening or a mouth of the gap between the first leg and the bent second leg to pass an widest part of the shaft of the drive lever pin as the is inserted. In particular, the clip may be an R-shaped clip. A first or a straight leg of the R-shaped clip may be adapted to be put through the transversal throughbore hole of the drive lever pin. A bent second or a bent leg of the R-shaped clip may be adapted to grip around an outer perimeter of the drive lever pin or match to the outer perimeter of the drive lever pin. The R-shaped clip may prohibit loosening of the drive lever pin; in particular it may secure a radial position of the drive lever pin and may at the same time be secured to the pin due to the gripping or matching of the bent leg. 
     According to an exemplary embodiment of the drive lever arrangement the unison ring comprises a protrusion extending from a compact portion of the unison ring, and the protrusion comprises a hole which is adapted in such a way that the drive lever pin is insertable into the hole. 
     In particular, the protrusion may extend into the axial direction of the unison ring. Furthermore, the unison ring may have a further groove or second groove extending into the axial direction of the unison ring and forming, together with the first groove, a top rail, a middle rail and a bottom rail. A depth in the axial direction of the first groove may differ from a depth in the axial direction of the further or second groove. Moreover, one of the top rail, middle rail, and bottom rail, in particular the top rail, may form the protrusion extending from a compact portion of the unison ring. Each of the three protrusions may have a length or size in the axially direction, wherein the length of the top rail or top protrusion may be greater, equal, or smaller than the length of the middle rail or middle protrusion and/or bottom rail or bottom protrusion. In other words, in top view one may see the edge of the top rail as well as the edge of the middle rail. In particular, at least parts of the assembled R-shaped clip may be visible underneath the top rail. The fact that parts of the assembled R-shaped clip may still be visible underneath the top rail may make it obvious or verifiable whether the R-shaped clip is assembled correctly so that the pin may be secured in the hole of the unison ring. 
     In particular, the unison ring may comprise further holes, e.g. throughbore holes, through the top rail and/or the middle rail and/or the bottom rail, i.e. holes in the radial direction of the unison ring. The holes in the top rail, the middle rail, and the bottom rail may have different diameters. 
     According to an exemplary embodiment of the drive lever arrangement the drive lever pin comprises a head part, wherein the transversal throughbore hole is arranged in the head part of the drive lever pin. 
     In particular, the head part may have a different diameter than a rest or shaft part of the drive lever pin. For example, the head part may have a greater or smaller diameter than the shaft part. 
     According to an exemplary embodiment of the drive lever arrangement the drive lever pin further comprises a circumferential collar element, wherein the circumferential collar element is adapted to engage with the groove. 
     In particular, the circumferential collar element may be formed at or on the head part of the drive lever pin. In particular, the circumferential collar element may be arranged in an asymmetric way around the drive lever pin. For example, an extension of the circumferential collar element along a radial direction of the drive lever pin in one section may be greater than an extension of the circumferential collar element in a second section, leading to an asymmetric form or shape. Moreover, the circumferential collar element may be a tongue-like feature, e.g. a fin or a cantilever, which may be adapted to engage with the groove of the unison ring. A thickness of the circumferential collar element, e.g. in the direction of the axial direction of the drive lever pin, may be smaller than a thickness of the first groove. 
     The circumferential collar element may prohibit loosening of the drive lever pin, in particular it may secure a radial position of the drive lever pin. The clip, in particular an R-shaped clip, may secure the drive lever pin, e.g. may prohibit a turning of the drive lever pin. In particular, a drive lever pin with a circumferential collar element, which pin is secured by a clip against turning, may allow for a positive locking between the circumferential collar and the groove of the unison ring, so that the pin may not come loose due to vibrations. 
     According to an exemplary embodiment of the drive lever arrangement the circumferential collar element extends over an angle between 15 degrees and 315 degrees of the perimeter of the drive lever pin. 
     In particular, the circumferential collar element may extend over a circular sector defined by an angle between 25 degrees to 270 degrees, more particularly between 45 and 90 degrees. That is, the circumferential collar element may not form an element arranged at the complete perimeter but only at specific parts or portions. Thus, it may form a single or a series of protrusion(s) or projection(s) which may fit or engage with the groove of the unison ring. 
     According to an exemplary embodiment of drive lever arrangement the drive lever pin comprises an element for turning the drive lever pin. 
     In particular, the element for turning the drive lever pin may allow for a turning of the drive lever pin either by hand or by a specific tool. For example, the element for turning the drive lever pin may be a handle; more particularly parts of the drive lever pin may be formed to be tightened or loosened by hand, e.g. a thumbscrew or a wing nut. 
     Next, further exemplary embodiments of the method of placing a drive lever pin are described. However, these embodiments also apply to the drive lever arrangement and the use of an R-shaped clip in a drive lever arrangement. 
     According to an exemplary embodiment of the method of placing a drive lever pin in a drive lever arrangement the drive lever pin comprises a circumferential collar element, and the method further comprises turning the drive lever pin so that the circumferential collar element of the drive lever pin engages in the groove of the unison ring. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The aspects defined above and further aspects of the invention are apparent from the examples of embodiment to be described hereinafter and are explained with reference to these examples of embodiment. 
       The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter with reference to examples of embodiment but to which the invention is not limited. 
         FIG. 1  schematically shows a drive lever arrangement according to exemplary embodiment. 
         FIG. 2  schematically shows a section of a drive lever arrangement according to an exemplary embodiment. 
         FIG. 3  schematically shows a cross section of the drive lever arrangement shown in  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 4  schematically shows a section of a drive lever arrangement according to an exemplary embodiment. 
         FIG. 5  schematically shows a cross section of the drive lever arrangement shown in  FIG. 4 . 
         FIG. 6  schematically depicts a method of placing a drive lever pin in a drive lever arrangement according to exemplary embodiment. 
         FIG. 7  schematically depicts a method of placing a drive lever pin with a circumferential collar element in a drive lever arrangement according to exemplary embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The illustration in the drawing is schematically. In different drawings, similar or identical elements are provided with the similar or identical reference signs. 
       FIG. 1  schematically shows a drive lever arrangement  100  according to an exemplary embodiment wherein the drive lever arrangement  100  comprises a unison ring  101 , a drive lever  102  and a drive lever pin  103 . 
     In the following, referring to  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3 , a drive lever arrangement and a cross section of the drive lever arrangement according to an exemplary embodiment will be explained. The drive lever arrangement shown in  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3  comprises a unison ring  101 , wherein the unison ring  101  comprises a first groove  201  and a second groove  202 . The first groove  201  and the second groove  202  form together a top protrusion or top rail  212 , a middle protrusion or middle rail  211  and a bottom protrusion or bottom rail  210 . In particular, the top rail  212 , the middle rail  211  and the bottom rail  210  extend from a compact portion  209  of the unison ring  101  into the axial direction of the unison ring  101 . A depth in the axial direction of the unison ring  101  of the first groove  201  differs from a depth of the second groove  202 . In  FIG. 3  is shown that a length of the top rail  212  is less than the length of the middle rail  211  and bottom rail  210 . 
     Furthermore,  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3  show a drive lever pin  103  which is inserted into the unison ring  101 . In particular, the drive lever pin  103  is inserted through throughbore holes in the top rail  212  and the middle rail  211  and bottom rail  210 , wherein the holes in the top rail, the middle rail, and the bottom rail have different diameters. The drive lever pin comprises a head part  207  and a shaft part  208 , wherein the head part  207  of the drive lever pin  103  has a different diameter than the shaft part  208  of the drive lever pin. The head part  207  of the drive lever pin  103  further comprises transversal throughbore holes  206  and  213 .  FIGS. 2 and 3  show further a part of an R-shaped clip  203  inserted through one of the transversal throughbore holes  206  of the drive lever pin  103 . The R-shaped clip  203  comprises a straight leg  205  and a bent leg  204  which are connected by a spring part  214 . As it is shown in  FIG. 2  the straight leg  205  of the R-shaped clip  203  is inserted through the transversal throughbore hole  206  of the drive lever pin  103 , whereas the bent leg  204  of the R-shaped clip  203  grips around the drive lever pin  103 .  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3  show that the length of the top rail  212  is smaller than the length of the middle rail  211 . This allows that at least parts of the bent leg are still visible underneath the top rail from atop, this making it obvious that the R-shaped clip  203  is assembled correctly so that the drive lever pin  103  is secured in the hole of the unison ring  101 . 
     In the following, referring to  FIG. 4  and  FIG. 5 , a drive lever arrangement and a cross section of the drive lever arrangement according to another exemplary embodiment will be explained. The drive lever arrangement shown in  FIG. 4  and  FIG. 5  comprises a unison ring  101  with a first groove  201  and a second groove  202  which form together a top rail  212 , a middle rail  211  and a bottom rail  210 . 
     Furthermore,  FIG. 4  and  FIG. 5  show a drive lever pin  301  which is inserted into the unison ring  101 . In particular, the drive lever pin  301  is inserted through throughbore holes in the top rail  212  and the middle rail  211  and bottom rail  210 . The drive lever pin  301  comprises a head part  302  and a shaft part  303 , wherein the head part  302  of the drive lever pin  301  has a different diameter than the shaft part  303  of the drive lever pin  301 . The head part  302  of the drive lever pin  301  also comprises transversal throughbore holes  305  and  306 . Furthermore, the head part  302  of the drive lever pin  301  comprises a collar element  304 . In particular, the circumferential collar element  304  is arranged in an asymmetric way around the head part  302  of the drive lever pin  301 . That is, the circumferential collar element  304  does not form an element arranged at the complete perimeter but only at specific parts or portions. Moreover, the circumferential collar element  304  is adapted to engage with the first groove  201  of the unison ring  101 . A thickness of the circumferential collar element  304 , e.g. in the direction of the axial direction of the drive lever pin  301 , is smaller than a thickness of the first groove  201 . In particular, the transversal throughbore hole  306 , may allow for a turning of the drive lever pin  301  by a specific tool, or may be used for insertion of another clip or another fixing or securing element. 
     In the following, referring to  FIG. 6 , a method of placing a drive lever pin  103  in a drive lever arrangement  100  according to an exemplary embodiment will be explained. The method comprises as a first step, inserting  410  a drive lever pin  103  into a hole  401  formed in the unison ring  101 . In particular, the hole  401  is a throughbore hole which is formed in the bottom rail  210  and the middle rail  211  as well as in the top rail  212 . In a second step  420 , an end of the shaft part  208  of the drive lever pin  103  engages in the hole of the bottom rail and the head part  207  of the drive lever pin  103  engages in the middle rail. In the third step  430 , an R-shaped clip is inserted between the top rail and the middle rail through the throughbore hole  206  of the drive lever pin  103 . 
     In the following, referring to  FIG. 7 , a method of placing a drive lever pin  301  with a circumferential collar element  304  in a drive lever arrangement  100  according to an exemplary embodiment will be explained. The method comprises as a first step, inserting  510  the drive lever pin  301  into a hole  501  formed in the unison ring  101 . In particular, the hole  501  is a throughbore hole which is formed in the bottom rail  210  and the middle rail  211  as well as in the top rail  212 . In a second step  520 , an end of the shaft part  303  of the drive lever pin  301  engages in the hole of the bottom rail. The head part  302  of the drive lever pin  103  engages in the middle rail in a third step  530 . In the fourth step  540 , the drive lever pin  310  is rotated by 90 degrees, thus engaging the circumferential collar element in the first groove of the unison ring. In a fifth step an R-shaped clip is inserted between the top rail and the middle rail through the throughbore hole of the drive lever pin  301 . 
     It should be noted that the term “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps and the “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. Also elements described in association with different embodiments may be combined. It should also be noted that reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.