Abstract:
The invention is directed to presenting multimedia information materials from a database, preferably as a video broadcast. The invention includes storing a plurality of information segments in the database, providing an option to review the content of at least part of an information segment, selecting information segments from the database, and allowing a user to organize a subset of the selected information segments to affect a presentation of those information segments. The selected information segments may be loaded into a memory, including memory associated with a personal computer, a set-top box, or a personal video recorder. The selected information segments may also be represented using indicators, and the subset of selected information segments may be organized in a selected order where the indicators correspond to the subset. The subset of selected information segments may be presented in the same order as the corresponding indicators. The indicators may be stored in a buffer, such as a virtual “shopping cart.” The presentation may include playing, pausing, rewinding, and fast forwarding the corresponding information segments. The information segments in the database can include video clips, and can contain visual, audio, and/or text information. The presentation may include skipping forward or backward at least one video clip. The presentation may be realized on a computer, a media player, or a television, the latter of which may interface with a set-top box and/or a personal video recorder.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    The invention relates generally to the field of television, video and multimedia presentations. More specifically, the invention relates to personalized sequencing of multimedia (visual, audio and/or text) information segments, e.g., video clips, to create a custom presentation of the clips.  
           [0002]    A newscast presented by a local television station or a national television network may include news, weather, traffic, sports, and feature programs. Such newscasts may present the news in an order such as news headlines, several news stories, weather, sports, and a feature segment. This order is usually presented to viewers based on perceived importance by a news director or producer.  
           [0003]    With the advent of the World Wide Web (WWW or “the Web”), many television stations and national networks have websites that describe the programs broadcast on those stations. A user accessing one of these websites may be able to read the weather report presented in a newscast earlier that day, or review the news or sports stories delivered during the newscasts broadcast that day or in the recent past. In some instances, if the user&#39;s computer has audio and video capabilities, the user may be able to play back the whole newscast or a selected news or sports story. The content may be downloaded to the user&#39;s computer and played back using a media player, or the content may consist of streaming video over which playback the user exercises little or no control.  
           [0004]    A local news station in New York City, “NY1,” takes this playback capability one step further. That station&#39;s website (www.nyl.com) includes a “Build-A-Newscast” section where users may create their own newscast simply by selecting from a menu of about fourteen topic areas up to three currently-airing video clips in the order the users desire.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0005]    Although useful for somewhat customizing the presentation of news stories being aired currently, NY1&#39;s program has several drawbacks. This program only allows users to select news categories, not individual news clips (the content of which is chosen by the website operator), does not include news clips older than one or two days, does not allow the user to search a database from which to choose news clips, and only includes a presentation of three news clips at the most. What is needed is a way to personalize newscasts and video broadcasts, in which the user has full control over the content of the broadcast.  
           [0006]    The present invention provides a system and method for presenting multimedia information materials from a database, for example, as a video broadcast. The method includes storing a plurality of information segments in the database, providing an option to review the content of at least part of an information segment, selecting information segments from the database, and allowing a user to organize a subset of the selected information segments to affect a presentation of those information segments. In one embodiment, the subset of selected information segments is loaded into a memory, such as that associated with a personal computer, a set-top box, or a personal video recorder.  
           [0007]    Another embodiment of the present invention includes indicators representing the selected information segments, in which the organization of the subset of the selected information segments can be manipulated by arranging in a selected order the indicators corresponding to the subset of the selected information segments. The subset of selected information segments may be presented in the same order as the corresponding indicators. The indicators may be stored in a buffer, and the buffer can be a virtual “shopping cart.” The presentation may include playing, pausing, rewinding, and fast forwarding the corresponding information segments. These corresponding information segments can include video clips, in which case the presentation may include skipping forward or backward at least one video clip. The information segments in the database can include video clips or other visual, audio, or text information. In one embodiment, the presentation may be realized using a computer, a media player, or a television, the latter of which preferably interfaces with a set-top box and/or a personal video recorder.  
           [0008]    Another method of the present invention includes providing a buffer, which, for example, can include a virtual cart, receiving selections of information segments in the database, where the selected information segments are represented by respective indicators in the buffer, arranging a subset of the indicators in a selected order, and presenting particular information segments represented by the subset of the indicators corresponding to those segments. The particular information segments are presented in the same order as the corresponding indicators arranged in the subset. In one embodiment, the particular information segments are loaded into a memory, such as that associated with a personal computer, a set-top box, or a personal video recorder. In another embodiment, the subset of the indicators can be selected, and the subset can be arranged in response to input commands.  
           [0009]    Another method of the present invention includes receiving a request including one or more preferences concerning desired information segments, searching the database in response to the request, providing an indicator representative of at least one information segment selected from the database which satisfies the preferences, placing the indicator in a buffer, arranging the indicator with at least a second indicator in the buffer in a selected order, where the second indicator is representative of a second information segment, and presenting the selected information segment and the second information segment in the selected order. In one embodiment, the request is formulated in accordance with a predetermined search template. In another embodiment, the preferences are derived from a user preference file. In a further embodiment, the request is received through a network, which may be part of the Internet. Again, the buffer may include a virtual cart, and the information segments in the database can include video clips, and can contain visual, audio, and/or text information.  
           [0010]    Another method of the present invention includes generating preferences for selecting information segments from the database, providing a buffer for retaining indicators of information segments selected according to the preferences, arranging a subset of the indicators in a selected order, and presenting particular information segments represented by the subset of the indicators corresponding to the segments. The particular information segments are then presented in the same order as the corresponding indicators arranged in the subset. The preferences may be generated by receiving information regarding a user&#39;s identity, using the information to verify the user&#39;s identity, and retrieving a user preference file based on the verified identity. This user preference file may include the preferences for selecting information segments from the database. In another embodiment, a customized interface may be generated based on the preferences in the user preference file.  
           [0011]    The system of the present invention includes a database containing a plurality of information segments, a processing unit for providing an option to review the content of at least part of an information segment, an interface for selecting information segments from the database, and a controller for allowing a user to manipulate an organization of a subset of the selected information segments to affect a presentation of those information segments. The system may further include a memory into which the subset of selected information segments may be loaded. This memory may be associated with a personal computer, a set-top box, or a personal video recorder. In one embodiment, indicators representing the selected information segments may be provided, and the organization of the subset of the selected information segments may be manipulated by arranging in a selected order the indicators corresponding to the subset of the selected information segments. In another embodiment, at least one of the information segments in the database includes a video clip, and the information segments can include visual, audio, and/or text information. The presentation may be realized using a computer, a media player, or a television, the latter of which preferably interfaces with a set-top box and/or a personal video recorder.  
           [0012]    The present invention presents specific information segments, such as video clips, where each segment is specifically chosen by a user, not by a segment provider. The term “information segment” broadly encompasses any multimedia information segment containing visual, audio and/or text information which can be perceived using appropriate equipment, e.g., a personal computer, television set, personal video recorder, personal digital assistant (PDA), telephonic equipment, media player, etc. These information segments may relate to nearly any topic of a user&#39;s interest. Information segments are selected, and indicators of those segments may be organized so that a subset of the selected information segments may be presented. A subset can be any number of the information segments less than or equal to all of the information segments selected. Information segments may be chosen by searching a database or by having the segments saved according to a user&#39;s interests.  
           [0013]    Additional advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0014]    The accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like parts, are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification. The drawings illustrate presently preferred embodiments of the invention and, together with the general description given above and the detailed description given below, serve to explain the principles of the invention.  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 1 illustrates an arrangement for accessing a server providing video clips for user presentation in accordance with the invention;  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 2 illustrates a web page furnished by the server which shows headlines and summaries of news stories and viewing options;  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 3 illustrates a second web page furnished by the server which shows the full text of a news story and additional options;  
         [0018]    [0018]FIGS. 4A and 4B jointly illustrate keyword search functions in accordance with an aspect of the invention;  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 5 illustrates a third web page furnished by the server which shows advanced search functions;  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 6 illustrates a fourth web page furnished by the server which shows search results by headline and summary;  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 7 illustrates a fifth web page furnished by the server which shows a cart containing indicators representative of selected video clips; and  
         [0022]    [0022]FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate how a user&#39;s preferences may be implemented. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
       [0023]    The invention allows a user to create a presentation of video clips that (1) the user selects while browsing a video clip database or (2) are selected for the user based on the user&#39;s interests or preferences. It should be noted that the term “video clip” used here is for convenience only, which broadly encompasses any multimedia information segment containing visual, audio and/or text information which can be perceived using appropriate equipment, e.g., a personal computer, television set, personal video recorder, personal digital assistant (PDA), telephonic equipment, media player, etc. Further, the term “video” is conveniently used here to mean “visual, audio and/or text” as understood by a person skilled in the art under appropriate circumstances. The user arranges the selected video clips and is then able to play and/or save the video presentation. In an exemplary application of the present invention, the user creates a newscast made up of video clips chosen from a video clip database belonging to a news organization&#39;s website. Preferably, the user browses the database using a browser capable of accessing the Internet and the Web. The user chooses individual clips one at a time using any of a number of ways of accessing the database. Then, the user arranges some or all of the video clips to complete the presentation, and may view the presentation or save it for later viewing.  
         [0024]    The instant description uses a website of a news organization to illustrate the invention. However, the invention is not limited to news stories or building a customized newscast. Rather, the invention may be used to arrange selected video clips of non-news events such as materials from variety television shows and comedy television shows. Other applications are discussed later.  
         [0025]    [0025]FIG. 1 illustrates an arrangement  10  in which a user at a computer (e.g., personal computer (PC)  100 ) accesses server  180  providing video clips and other program materials which may be customized for viewing in accordance with the invention. Server  180  is connected to the Internet  170  at a predetermined uniform resource locator (URL). PC  100  includes, among others, a processor  110 , a user interface  120 , a communications interface  130 , a memory  140 , including a web browser  145 , and a display driver  150 , which is connected to display  160 . Processor  110  is preferably the central processing unit (CPU) of PC  100 , and may include a microprocessor or other type of processor. User interface  120  serves as an interface for exchanging information between PC  100  and the user, which includes, for example, a mouse, keyboard, microphone, audio circuitry, speakers, etc. Communications interface  130  may include modem and broadband (high-speed) facilities and allows the user to communicate with servers, such as server  180 , through an external network, such as Internet  170 . Memory  140  may include non-volatile memory (e.g., ROM), volatile memory (e.g., RAM), and hard and floppy disk memory, and in this instance stores, among others, web browser  145 , examples of which are Microsoft® Internet Explorer and Netscape® Navigator or Communicator. PC  100  outputs video content to display driver  150  which formats the video content for display on display  160 , which may be a CRT monitor or LCD screen, etc.  
         [0026]    Server  180  has access to a database of video clips and other information materials. Server  180  also includes or can access a processor that allows a user to review the content of the video clips. In addition, server  180  includes an interface for indicating to a user which video clips are selected from the database. Server  180  also includes a controller that lets a user organize a subset of the video clips (or, more accurately, screen representations of those clips), so that the server may present the video clips in the indicated order. The subset may include any number of video clips up to and including all of the selected video clips.  
         [0027]    After the user at PC  100  causes communications interface  130  to establish an Internet connection through Internet  170  to server  180  at the predetermined URL, server  180  transmits a first web page to PC  100  via the established connection. FIG. 2 illustrates the first web page (denoted  200 ) opened by web browser  145 . As shown in FIG. 2, web page  200  includes headlines and summaries of news stories and viewing options. Web page  200  also includes general items such as a menu block  205 , a news category block  210 , individual news categories  215 , a web page title  220 , and the date  225  (which may also be shown in other places on the web page, such as in position  290 ). For the specific category shown in FIG. 2, “Top Stories,” three news story blocks  230 ,  245 , and  260  are shown, each of which includes a headline  235 ,  250 ,  265 , a news story summary  240 ,  255 ,  270 , and three news story options  242 - 244 ,  257259 , and  272 - 274 . These options include viewing the full text of the news story, viewing the news story video clip, and adding the news story video clip to the user&#39;s “shopping cart” or “video cart” which contains selected video clips. Block  280  illustrates a video cart for collecting video clips in accordance with the invention. By way of example, video cart  280  includes a listing of video clips selected for the video cart (selected by choosing with user interface  120  the “Add to Cart” option), icons to play the individual video clip or to read the full text thereof which includes a transcription of the audio portion of the video clip, and web buttons to build a customized video presentation (“Build Newscast” button) and to empty (e.g., “clear”) the user&#39;s video cart. Building a customized video presentation using the video clips in the video cart is fully described below. FIG. 2 also illustrates search block  275 , which includes keyword area  277 , search button  278 , and category drop-down list  279 , which is fully described below as well.  
         [0028]    Web page  200  shows the results of choosing the “Top Stories” news category  215 , which category is reflected in web page title  220 . A news category may be chosen using user interface  120 , for example by directing a mouse to the news category block and clicking or by moving a cursor using keyboard navigation keys (e.g., arrows and “tab” key) and typing “Enter.” Choosing “Top Stories” causes a number (three in FIG. 2, although more or fewer may easily appear) of news stories to appear, each having a headline and a news summary. To view the full text of the news story, a user may choose, using the mouse or keyboard, either a headline, a news story summary, or the “full text” button below the summary, the result of which is shown in FIG. 3.  
         [0029]    [0029]FIG. 3 illustrates a second web page  300 , which includes the full text of an individual news story and additional options. Web page  300  includes headline  305 , date/time  310  showing the date and time the news story was first written, posted to the website, or broadcast in some other medium (such as TV), block  315  showing the author of the news story, and block  320  indicating the full text of the news story that a user may read. When viewing an individual news story as in FIG. 3, a user may choose a “play video” button  325  or an “add to cart” button  330 , which buttons perform the same functions as buttons  243 - 244 ,  258 - 259 , or  273 - 274  in FIG. 2. Block  350  shows video cart  280  which has been updated to show two more video clips added by the user in the course of viewing the corresponding news material.  
         [0030]    [0030]FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate two examples of simple keyword search functions in search block  275  in FIG. 2. In each example, in keyword area  277  a user may type one or more keywords that the user wants searched in the news story database, and to start the search the user chooses search button  278 . The user in category drop-down lists  279   a ,  279   b  may also indicate the scope of search: in FIG. 4A, the user may choose between “All Stories” in the database or only stories from the past week; in FIG. 4B, the user may choose between “All Stories” in the database, or may narrow the search by choosing a specific category (the category “Headlines” is shown highlighted). The results of a search are further described below.  
         [0031]    In addition to choosing a news story category  215  in FIG. 2, a user may choose to make an advanced search by choosing advanced search button  218 . FIG. 5 illustrates an Advanced Search web page  500  that may appear once an advanced search is chosen. This page includes web page title  520  (“Advanced Search”), search-term block  530 , search-scope block  540 , date block  550 , sort block  560 , and search button  570 .  
         [0032]    Search-term block  530  may, for instance, include keyword area  532 , which may operate the same as keyword block  277  or may allow a more varied assortment of search terms, and news story area  535 , which includes a drop-down list of parts of the news stories in which to search for the search terms. News story area  535  allows a user to search whole news stories (“All”), or just within the story body, the headline, or a “keywords” field which may be associated with a news story.  
         [0033]    Search-scope block  540  may include, for instance, search-type drop-down list  542 , category drop-down list  545 , and section drop-down list  548 . Search-type drop-down list  542  may include the way in which the user wants the search to be limited: choose stories including all of the search terms, some or any of the search terms, or the exact search phrase. Category drop-down list  545  operates like category drop-down list  279  described in FIGS. 2 and 4A and  4 B. Section drop-down list  548  includes only “all sections” in FIG. 5, but could be used to narrow the search to return results from specific sections of a news story (as distinct from the choices in category drop-down list  545 ).  
         [0034]    Date block  550  allows the user to search news stories within a specific time back from the present or between any two dates of stories available in the database. Fixed time-frame drop-down box  552  allows the user to search news stories within a specific time in relation to the current date: “last week,” “last month,” “last six months,” or “last year.” Specific-date blocks  555 ,  558  allow the user to search news stories between any two dates.  
         [0035]    Sort block  560  includes two choices, “date” and “relevance,” and indicates the user&#39;s preference for the order of the search results: by date, preferably most recent first, or by relevance, based on how close the search result is to the exact search phrase used.  
         [0036]    Once all the advanced search choices are entered, the user chooses search button  570  to start the search. The search results from a simple or advanced search are shown on web page  600  in FIG. 6, which includes web page title  520 , search summary  610 , and five news stories for the first of four pages of search results. Page  600  includes news story blocks  630 ,  645 ,  660 , page navigator  680 , and video cart  690 . Similar to news story blocks  230 ,  245 ,  260 , each news story block  630 ,  645 ,  660  includes a headline  635 ,  650 ,  665 , a news story summary  640 ,  655 ,  670 , and news story options  643 - 644 ,  658 - 659 , and  673 - 674 . In addition, news story blocks  630 ,  645 ,  660  include date/time block  632 ,  647 ,  662 . Page navigator  680  includes information as to how many search result pages there are, which result page the user is viewing, and shortcut links to the first page, last page, next page (“next 5”), and previous page (“previous 5”). Video cart  690  is shown as an update of video cart  350 , with three more video clips added by the user in the course of viewing corresponding news material.  
         [0037]    As mentioned earlier with respect to the video cart, a user may choose the “Build Newscast” button to begin customizing a newscast in accordance with the invention. FIG. 7 illustrates Build-A-Newscast web page  700  showing the video cart and video clips selected for the custom video presentation. Included on web page  700  are directions  710 , web page title  720 , video cart  730 , option buttons  740 , option button arrows  745 , playlist  750 , play newscast button  770 , and save newscast button  780 .  
         [0038]    Directions  710  let the user know how to select the video clips from the video cart  20  to make the custom video presentation. Video cart  730  includes the clips previously included in video carts  280 ,  350 , and  690 , but without the Play or Read options found in those video carts (although such options could be added to video cart  730  to enable the user to quickly identify the clips).  
         [0039]    Option buttons  740  preferably include “Add,” “Remove,” and “Clear Playlist.”As the button names indicate, highlighting a video clip in video cart  730  (e.g., video clip  3 ) and choosing “Add” will copy the name of the selected video clip to playlist  750  (video clip  3  is shown at the end of playlist  750 ), highlighting a video clip in playlist  750  and choosing “Remove” will delete the selected video clip from playlist  750 , and “Clear Playlist” will remove all selected video clips from playlist  750 . The order of the video clips in the playlist is the order in which the video clips are added to the playlist. There are alternate ways of arranging the video clips in the playlist. One way is use option button arrows  745  to move up or down the position of a video clip already in the playlist. Another way is to “drag and drop” video clips within the playlist and between the video cart and the playlist. In this way, the user uses a mouse to click on a clip in video cart  730 , “drags” the clip to the playlist, and “drops” the clip in the playlist in the desired play position. A third way obviates the use of a separate playlist by assigning to the video clips in the video cart numbers indicating in which position the clip should be played.  
         [0040]    Once the playlist is finalized, the user may play the newscast or save it (e.g., by downloading it from server  180 ) in memory  140  or other storage device within PC  100 , or, in another embodiment, in a memory associated with a set-top box or a personal video recorder. The user saves the newscast by choosing save newscast button  780  and choosing a video format, such as MPEG, AVI, Quicktime®, RealPlayer®, Windows® Media Player, Vivo®, and others, in which the broadcast should be saved. To play the newscast, the user chooses play newscast button  770  to start the video presentation. This preferably opens up another window which includes a video player such as RealPlayer® or Windows® Media Player. Alternatively, such a player could open up within the Build-A-Newscast or video cart window itself. Preferably, the command to play the newscast is sent to server  180 , which prepares a presentation including the selected video clips in the chosen order. Server  180  sends (e.g., downloads) the broadcast to the video player which plays the customized video. Alternatively, server  180  could stream the video clips to the video player in the order selected. Preferably, the user has the ability to control the playback of the newscast in ways reminiscent of video on demand (VOD). For example, there may be play, pause, fast forward, and rewind buttons on the video player to control the viewing within a video clip. There may also be controls to skip to the next clip or back to the previous clip or to dynamically choose any of the clips within the newscast.  
         [0041]    In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, a user can personalize or customize the newscast website itself so that the categories and options presented are directed to the user&#39;s preferences. Thus, instead of the generic website home page as shown in FIG. 2, a personalized home page may include only the news categories of interest to the user, such as “Headlines,” “Weather,” and “Sports.” All the other options to select specific video clips for customizing a broadcast remain active, but, for instance, a simple search using search block  275  would search only the user&#39;s preferred categories rather than the whole website. (If the user wanted to expand the categories searched, the user could use the Advanced Search template as shown in FIG. 5.)  
         [0042]    One way such a preference scheme can be implemented is shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B. FIG. 8A shows server memory  185 , which is part of server  180 . Within server memory  185  are registration file  810  and user files  820 . Registration file  810  keeps track of users&#39; IDs and passwords; each user file  820  is associated with a user ID and contains the specific user&#39;s website preferences. As described above, these preferences may include which news categories should be displayed on a user&#39;s customized home page. A user file can also include other preferences, including other content preferences (such as preferences regarding the dates of the news stories of interest), website viewing preferences (for instance, where the categories&#39; toolbar is displayed), news story display preferences (such as how many summary lines to display), etc.  
         [0043]    [0043]FIG. 8B is a flowchart showing how the user files are accessed. In step  830 , server  180  receives a user ID and password from a user who logs on to the newscast website. This may be accomplished by use of “cookies” (user ID and/or password information stored on the hard drive of the user&#39;s PC  100 ) or the user may input the user ID and password to the browser. If, in step  840 , the user ID is not found within registration file  810  because, for example, the user is a guest, a customized website is not available for the user and the process ends in step  845 . In that case, the website can prompt the user to establish a user ID (i.e., register for the website) and thereby create a user file  820  for that user. If, in step  840 , the user ID is found within registration file  810 , the process in step  850  verifies the password associated with that user ID. Then, in step  860 , the process retrieves user file  820  associated with the user ID and, in step  870 , reads the user&#39;s preferences from user file  820 , and, in step  880 , generates a customized home page for that specific user.  
         [0044]    Because local and national newscasts are generally made up of discrete video clips, it is easy to apply the present invention to use the video clips making up those newscasts to create custom newscasts. Other applications also take advantage of the present invention. For example, in a second embodiment of the invention, a viewer creates a broadcast of football (or other sports) highlights, and these highlights could be searched based on attributes such as which players appear in the clips, which teams are playing, which leagues are involved, or which cities are represented. In this way, a viewer browsing a highlights database could search for a player named Joe Smith and/or for a team from Pittsburgh, for example, and all the video clips showing Joe Smith and/or Pittsburgh could be returned, allowing the user to save selected clips in the video cart and then arrange the clips to create a custom presentation.  
         [0045]    In a third embodiment of the invention, server  180  provides video feeds from traffic cameras around a city. A user chooses clips from the cameras located between the user&#39;s home and workplace, arranges those camera clips in the order the cameras are encountered during a commute, and creates a custom presentation forecasting the user&#39;s commute. As described with reference to FIGS. 8A and 8B, the customized website may include the news category “traffic” as well as remember the user&#39;s favorite commuter cameras.  
         [0046]    The types of video clips that may be used with the present invention are practically limitless. Sketches from variety shows, highlights from situation comedy shows, amateur video footage, weather satellite or radar clips, political speeches, and videotaped class lectures are just a few. The video clip database may be set up to code (i.e., assign attributes to) the video clips based on type of video, people or places appearing in the video clip, origin of the video clip, or length of video clip, to name just a few of the many attributes of the video clips.  
         [0047]    In addition, the present invention is not limited to browsing video clips via the Internet. For example, a viewer uses a set-top box, which is connected to the television set and is normally associated with cable or satellite programming, and a remote control to search a video clip database, select video clips and put them in a video cart, and arrange the selected clips into a custom broadcast in a manner similar to that described above in relation to the custom newscast. A viewer may also use a personal video recorder (also called a “digital video recorder”), such as those made to be used with TiVo® and ReplayTV® services, to access video clips and store them for custom playback later. A viewer may also program such a personal video recorder to download video clips based on the viewer&#39;s interests, such as actors in a TV show or movie, type of TV shows, etc. These clips may be downloaded on a regular basis with the viewer arranging the order in which the clips are to be viewed, in accordance with the invention. Both the set-top box and the personal video recorder can be used to set up a customized interface with the video clip server, as described above with respect to the customized website. The server can identify the set-top box or personal video recorder using cookie-like information and thereby retrieve the user file which contains the user&#39;s preferences.  
         [0048]    As discussed above, additional advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the present invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific embodiments, details, and representative devices shown and described herein. Accordingly, various changes, substitutions, and alterations may be made to such embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims.