Abstract:
A transreflection-type liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes a plurality of gate and data lines on a substrate crossing each other defining a plurality of pixel regions, a plurality of storage lines parallel to the gate lines, each storage line positioned between the gate lines, a plurality of thin film transistors disposed at the crossings of the gate and data lines, each thin film transistor having source and drain electrodes and a U-shaped channel region, a negative-type organic insulating layer within the pixel region except for a transmission part, the negative type organic insulating layer having at least one of concave and convex patterns thereon, a reflective electrode on the negative-type organic insulating layer within the pixel region except for the transmission part, and a transparent electrode within the pixel region in electrical contact with the drain electrode.

Description:
[0001]     The present invention claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. P2003-23654 filed in Korea on Apr. 15, 2003, which is hereby incorporated by reference.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002]     1. Field of the Invention  
         [0003]     The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display (LCD) device and a method of fabricating an LCD device, and more particularly, to a trans-reflection type LCD device and a method of fabricating a trans-reflection type LCD device.  
         [0004]     2. Discussion of the Related Art  
         [0005]     As demand for various types of display devices increases, efforts have been made to develop various flat display devices, such as liquid crystal display (LCD) devices, plasma display panel (PDP) devices, electroluminescent display (ELD) devices, and vacuum fluorescent display (VFD) devices. Currently, some type of the flat display devices have been incorporated into various display equipment.  
         [0006]     Among the various types of flat display devices, the LCD devices have been commonly used in portable devices due to their advantageous characteristics, such as thin profile, light weight, and low power consumption. Thus, the LCD devices are commonly substituted for cathode ray tube (CRT) display devices. In addition, the LCD devices have been developed for computer monitors and television systems to receive and display broadcast signals.  
         [0007]     The LCD devices are usually driven by making use of optical anisotropy and polarizing characteristics of liquid crystal molecules of liquid crystal materials. The liquid crystal molecules have long and thin structures, whereby it is possible to align the liquid crystal molecules along a specific direction. For example, when an electric field is induced to the liquid crystal material, the liquid crystal molecules become aligned along the specific direction. Thus, by controlling the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules, light is refracted according to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules, thereby displaying an image.  
         [0008]     The LCD devices are classified into one of reflective-type LCD devices and transmitting-type LCD devices. In the transmitting-type LCD devices, light is emitted from a backlight and transmitted to an LCD panel, thereby displaying an image. However, in the reflective-type LCD devices, ambient or front light is reflected within a reflecting plate of an LCD panel to display an image.  
         [0009]     In general, a transreflection-type LCD device selectively uses both a transmission and reflection method to display an image. For example, the transreflection-type LCD device uses light emitted from a backlight, and ambient light or a light source, thereby decreasing power consumption.  
         [0010]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a transreflection-type LCD device according to the related art. in  FIG. 1 , a transreflection-type LCD device includes upper and lower substrates  10  and  20  facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer  30  between the upper and lower substrates  10  and  20 . In addition, a black-matrix layer  11  is formed on the upper substrate  10  to shield portions, except for pixel regions of the lower substrate  20 , from the light, and a color filter layer  12  is formed to produce colored light within the pixel regions. Moreover, a common electrode  13  is formed on an entire surface of the upper substrate  10  including the black-matrix layer  11  and the color filter layer  12 .  
         [0011]     The lower substrate  20  is commonly called an array substrate, in which a plurality of thin film transistors, which serve as switching devices T, are disposed in a matrix configuration, and a plurality of gate and data lines  21  and  22  are formed to cross each other at the respective thin film transistors. In addition, the pixel region P includes a transmission part A and a reflective part R, wherein the transmission part A is an open area of a reflective electrode (not shown).  
         [0012]      FIG. 2  is a cross sectional view of the transreflection-type LCD device of  FIG. 1  according to the related art. In  FIG. 2 , the transreflection-type LCD device includes the upper substrate  10  having the common electrode  13  disposed thereon, and the lower substrate  20  having the pixel electrode  23 . The pixel electrode  23  of the lower substrate  20  includes a transparent electrode  23   a  formed within portions corresponding to the transmission part A and the reflective part R, and on the reflective electrode  23   b  having the open area within the transmission part A. In addition, the liquid crystal layer  30  is formed between the upper and lower substrates  10  and  20 , and a backlight  41  is provided below the lower substrate  20  to emit light during a transmission mode of the transflection-type LCD device.  
         [0013]     When the transreflection-type LCD device is operated in a reflection mode, the ambient light or the front light is commonly used as the light source. Accordingly, the light B incident on the upper substrate  10  is reflected to the reflective electrode  23   b , and then the light is transmitted to the liquid crystal layer  30  having liquid crystal molecules aligned by an electric field between the reflective electrode  23   b  and the common electrode  13 . Thus, the light transmittance transmitting the liquid crystal layer  30  is controlled according to the alignment of the liquid crystal layer  30  to display an image.  
         [0014]     During the transmission mode, the light F emitted from the backlight  41  provided below the lower substrate  20  is used as the light source. When the light F emitted from the backlight  41  is incident on the liquid crystal layer  30  through the transparent electrode  23   a , the light transmittance is controlled by the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer  30 . For example, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned by the electric field induced between the common electrode  13  and the transparent electrode  23   a  below a transmission hole to display an image.  
         [0015]      FIG. 3  is an enlarged plan view of a pixel of a transreflection-type LCD device according to the related art. In  FIG. 3 , a unit pixel includes gate and data lines  21  and  22 , a pixel electrode  23 , and a thin film transistor T, wherein the gate and data lines  21  and  22  cross each other to define a pixel region. In addition, the pixel electrode  23  includes a transparent electrode  23   a  and a reflective electrode  23   b  within the pixel region, and the thin film transistor T is formed at the crossing point of the gate and data lines  21  and  22 . The thin film transistor T includes a gate electrode  21   a , a source electrode  22   a , and a drain electrode  22   b , and a scanning signal is supplied to the gate electrode  21   a . In addition, the source electrode  22   a  protrudes from a portion of the data line  22  and receives video signals from the data line  22 , and the drain electrode  22   b  is formed at a predetermined interval from the source electrode  22   a  to supply video signals to the pixel electrode  23 . Then, a gate pad  31  and a source pad  32  are respectively formed at end portions of the gate line  21  and the data line  22  and are connected to drive ICs (not shown).  
         [0016]     In  FIG. 3 , the pixel electrode  23  includes the transparent electrode  23   a  that is formed in portions corresponding to the transmission part A and the reflective part R, and on the reflective electrode  23   b  formed within the reflective part R, except for the transmission part A. Accordingly, the transparent electrode  23   a  is connected to the drain electrode  22   b  through a contact part C 1  to receive the video signals. In addition, the reflective electrode  23   b  is formed to contact the transparent electrode  23   a  within the contact part C 1  to which the video signals are supplied.  
         [0017]      FIGS. 4A  to  4 H are cross sectional views along I-I′, II-II′, and III-III′ of  FIG. 3  of an array substrate fabrication process of a transreflection-type LCD device according to the related art. In  FIGS. 4A  to  4 H. the line I-I′ extends from a thin film transistor to a pixel region within a unit pixel region, the line II-II′ includes a section of a gate pad, and the line III-III′ includes a section of a source pad.  
         [0018]     In  FIG. 4A , a conductive metal layer is deposited on the transparent substrate  20 , and is selectively removed using a first mask (not shown), thereby forming the plurality of gate lines  21  (in  FIG. 3 ) and the gate electrodes  21   a . Accordingly, as shown in  FIG. 3 , each gate line  21  includes a gate pad  31  at one end portion thereof, and the gate electrode  21   a  protrudes from the gate line  21 . Subsequently, a first insulating layer  24 , an amorphous silicon layer  25   a , and an impurity layer (n +  layer)  25   b  are sequentially deposited on an entire surface of the transparent substrate  20 .  
         [0019]     In  FIG. 4B , the impurity layer  25   b  and the amorphous silicon layer  25   a  are selectively removed using a second mask (not shown) to form an island-shaped semiconductor active layer  25  (later shown in  FIG. 4C  as semiconductor layer  35 ).  
         [0020]     In  FIG. 4C , a conductive metal layer is deposited on the transparent substrate  20  having the semiconductor layer  35 , and is selectively removed using a third mask (not shown), thereby forming the plurality of data lines  22  (in  FIG. 3 ) crossing the gate lines  21  (in  FIG. 3 ), the source electrode  22   a , and the drain electrode  22   b . Accordingly, the source electrode  22   a  protrudes from each data line  22  (in  FIG. 3 ) toward the semiconductor layer  35 , and the drain electrode  22   b  is positioned at a predetermined interval from the source electrode  22   a  on the other side of the semiconductor layer  35 . Subsequently, the impurity layer  25   b  of the semiconductor layer  35 , which is exposed between the source and drain electrodes  22   a  and  22   b , is removed using the source and drain electrodes  22   a  and  22   b  as a mask, thereby forming the semiconductor layer  35 .  
         [0021]     In  FIG. 4D , an organic insulating layer is coated along an entire surface of the transparent substrate  20  including the data lines  22  (in  FIG. 3 ), and exposure and developing processes are performed using a fourth mask (not shown) having a predetermined open area. Then, the organic insulating layer corresponding to the open area of the fourth mask is removed at a predetermined thickness. Then, a heat treatment is performed to form a first organic insulating layer  26   a  having embossing patterns at a portion of the organic insulating layer that is relatively thicker than the portion removed using the fourth mask. The organic insulating layer is formed of a positive-type organic insulating layer, such as Benzocyclobutene (BCB), or is formed of a positive-type material, such as photoacryl.  
         [0022]     In  FIG. 4E , a second organic insulating layer  26   b  having a constant thickness is coated on the first organic insulating layer  26   a , wherein the second organic insulating layer  26   b  is formed of the same material as the first organic insulating layer  26   a . Since the second organic insulating layer  26   b  is coated on the first organic insulating layer  26   a  at the constant thickness, it is possible to maintain the embossing patterns of the first organic insulating layer  26   a  after coating the second organic insulating layer  26   b  on the first organic insulating layer  26   a.    
         [0023]     In  FIG. 4F , the first and second organic insulating layers  26   a  and  26   b  are selectively removed using a fifth mask (not shown) having a predetermined open area, thereby defining the contact part C 1  that exposes a predetermined portion of the drain electrode  22   b  and defining the transmission part A. After selectively removing the first and second organic insulating layers  26   a  and  26   b , the remaining first and second organic insulating layers  26   a  and  26   b  are referred to as a first passivation layer  26 . When selectively removing the first and second organic insulating layers  26   a  and  26   b , the first and second organic insulating layers  26   a  and  26   b  corresponding to the gate and source pads are removed to expose the gate insulating layer  24  and the source pad  32 .  
         [0024]     In  FIG. 4G , a reflective metal layer is deposited along an entire surface of the first passivation layer  26 , and is selectively removed using a sixth mask (not shown), whereby the reflective electrode  23   b  is formed in the pixel region except for the transmission part A and the first contact part C 1 . Next, an inorganic insulating layer  27  of SiNx is deposited along the entire surface of the lower substrate  20  including the reflective electrode  23   b . For example, the inorganic insulating layer  27  is deposited on the lower substrate  20  at a high temperature of 300° C. or more. However, the embossing patterns of the first passivation layer  26  are destroyed by thermal flow.  
         [0025]     In  FIG. 4H , the inorganic insulating layer  27  is selectively removed at the first contact part C 1 , the second contact part C 2 , and the third contact part C 3  using a seventh mask (not shown), thereby forming a second passivation layer  27   a . Subsequently, a transparent metal layer is deposited along the entire surface of the lower substrate  20  including the second passivation layer  27   a , and is selectively removed using an eighth mask (not shown). Thus, the transparent electrode  23   a  is formed within the pixel region including the transmission part A and the first contact part C 1 . In addition, a gate pad terminal  33   a  is formed in the second contact part C 2  to be connected with the gate pad  31 , and a source pad terminal  43   a  is formed in the third contact part C 3  to be connected with the source pad  32 .  
         [0026]     According to the related art, the embossing patterns (or concave pattern) are formed of the organic insulating layer to improve reflexibility of the reflective electrode by increasing a surface area of the reflective electrode having the embossing patterns.  
         [0027]      FIG. 5  is a photomicrograph showing a peeling phenomenon of a reflective electrode according to the related art. In  FIG. 5 , after forming the organic insulating layer having the embossing patterns, the reflective electrode is formed. Then, the inorganic insulating layer, such as SiNx, is deposited at a temperature of about 300° C. Accordingly, the peeling phenomenon occurs due to stress caused by inferior adhesion between the reflective electrode and the organic insulating layer.  
         [0028]     According to the related art transreflection-type LCD device, the embossing pattern (i.e., the concave pattern) is formed using a positive-type organic insulating layer, such as Benzocyclobutene (BCB), or using a positive-type photoacryl to improve the reflexibility. However, when using the positive-type organic insulating layer, mask process steps for forming the embossing pattern of the organic insulating layer must be performed, as well as the other mask process steps for removing the transmission part. Thus, according to the related art, a dual-coating process is required during the process for forming the organic insulating layer, thereby complicating fabrication process steps.  
         [0029]     For example, when forming the embossing pattern using BCB, it is difficult to perform the complicated fabrication process steps, thereby degrading the reflexibility of the reflective electrode. In addition, since the positive-type photoacryl has a transition glass temperature, the thermal flow is generated at the high process temperatures, thereby destroying the embossing pattern of the first passivation layer due to the thermal flow.  
         [0030]     Moreover, after forming the organic insulating layer having the embossing pattern (i.e., the concave pattern), the reflective electrode is formed on the organic insulating layer. Then, the inorganic insulating layer, such as SiNx, is deposited thereon, and the transparent electrode is formed. Thus, when the passivation layer of SiNx is deposited at the high process temperatures, it may generate the peeling phenomenon due to stress from the inferior adhesion between the reflective electrode and the organic insulating layer.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0031]     Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a transreflection-type liquid crystal display (LCD) device and a method of fabricating a transreflection-type liquid crystal display (LCD) device that substantially obviates one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.  
         [0032]     An object of the present invention is to provide a trans-reflection type LCD device and a method for manufacturing the same, which is formed in simplified manufacturing process steps with 6 masks since concave and/or convex patterns are formed in a negative type organic insulating layer in a stamp process without a mask.  
         [0033]     Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.  
         [0034]     To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, as embodied and broadly described, a transreflection-type liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes a plurality of gate and data lines on a substrate crossing each other defining a plurality of pixel regions, a plurality of storage lines parallel to the gate lines, each storage line positioned between the gate lines, a plurality of thin film transistors disposed at the crossings of the gate and data lines, each thin film transistor having source and drain electrodes and a U-shaped channel region, a negative-type organic insulating layer within the pixel region except for a transmission part, the negative type organic insulating layer having at least one of concave and convex patterns thereon, a reflective electrode on the negative-type organic insulating layer within the pixel region except for the transmission part, and a transparent electrode within the pixel region in electrical contact with the drain electrode.  
         [0035]     In another aspect, a method for fabricating a transreflection-type liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes forming a gate line and a storage line on a substrate using a first mask, forming a data line and a thin film transistor having source and drain electrodes using a second mask by depositing a semiconductor layer and a metal layer on the substrate including the gate line and the storage line, the data line being perpendicular to the gate line to define a pixel region, forming a negative-type organic insulating layer having at least one of concave and convex patterns therein using a third mask, the concave and convex patterns formed within the pixel region except for a transmission part, forming a reflective electrode on the negative-type organic insulating layer formed within the pixel region except for the transmission part, using a fourth mask, forming a contact hole on a drain electrode using a fifth mask, and forming a transparent electrode within the pixel region using a sixth mask to be connected with the drain electrode through the contact hole.  
         [0036]     In another aspect, a method for fabricating a transreflection-type liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes forming a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of storage lines on a substrate, each gate line having a gate electrode protruding therefrom and each storage line is disposed between the gate lines in parallel to the gate lines, forming a plurality of data lines and a plurality of drain electrodes on the substrate, forming a semiconductor layer on a portion of the substrate including the gate lines, the plurality of data lines, and the plurality of drain electrodes, each data line perpendicular to the gate line on the semiconductor layer to define a pixel region, forming a negative-type organic insulating layer having at least one of concave and convex patterns along an entire surface of the substrate including the data lines, the negative-type organic insulating layer including a contact part and a transmission part therein, forming a reflective electrode corresponding to the pixel region except for the contact part and the transmission part, forming an inorganic insulating layer along an entire surface of the substrate except for the contact part, and forming a transparent electrode corresponding to the pixel region including the transmission part to be connected with the drain electrode within the contact part.  
         [0037]     It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0038]     The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the invention. In the drawings:  
         [0039]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a transreflection-type LCD device according to the related art;  
         [0040]      FIG. 2  is a cross sectional view of the transreflection-type LCD device of  FIG. 1  according to the related art;  
         [0041]      FIG. 3  is an enlarged plan view of a pixel of a transreflection-type LCD device according to the related art;  
         [0042]      FIGS. 4A  to  4 H are cross sectional views along I-I′, II-II′, and III-III′ of  FIG. 3  of an array substrate fabrication process of a transreflection-type LCD device according to the related art;  
         [0043]      FIG. 5  is a photomicrograph showing a peeling phenomenon of a reflective electrode according to the related art;  
         [0044]      FIG. 6  is an enlarged plan view of an exemplary pixel of a transreflection-type LCD device according to the present invention;  
         [0045]      FIGS. 7A  to  7 J are cross sectional views along IV-IV′, V-V′, and VI-VI′ of an exemplary array substrate fabrication process steps of a transreflection-type LCD device according to the present invention; and  
         [0046]      FIG. 8  is a photomicrograph of an exemplary pattern of a transreflection-type LCD device according to the present invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0047]     Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.  
         [0048]      FIG. 6  is an enlarged plan view of an exemplary pixel of a transreflection-type LCD device according to the present invention. In  FIG. 6 , a unit pixel of a trans-reflection type LCD device may include gate and data lines  101  and  105 , a thin film transistor, a transparent electrode  110 , and a reflective electrode  108 , wherein the gate and data lines  101  and  105  may cross each other to define a pixel region and the thin film transistor may be formed at a crossing point of the gate and data lines  101  and  105 . In addition, the transparent electrode  110  may be formed within the pixel region, and the reflective electrode  108  may have a transmission part D below the transparent electrode  110 . Furthermore, a storage line  111  may be formed in parallel to the gate line  101 , and may function as an electrode of a storage capacitor.  
         [0049]     In  FIG. 6 , the thin film transistor may include a gate electrode  101   a , a semiconductor layer  113 , a source electrode  105   a , and a drain electrode  105   b , wherein scanning signals may be supplied to the gate electrode  101  through the gate line  101 , and the semiconductor layer  113  may be formed to partially overlap the gate electrode  110   a  and the storage line  111 . In addition, the source electrode  105   a  may protrude from a portion of the data line  105  that receives video signals from the data line  105 , and the drain electrode  105   b  may be formed at an interval from the source electrode  105   a  to supply the video signals to the transparent electrode  110 . Accordingly, the source electrode  105   a  may extend to the gate electrode  101   a  in a “U”-shaped to cover three sides of the gate electrode  101  within an opening along one side within the gate electrode  101 . Then, the drain electrode  105   b  may extend to the source electrode  105   a  to overlap the storage line  111 , and the extending portion of the drain electrode  105   b  may be spaced apart from the source electrode  105   a . Thus, since the U-shaped source electrode  105   a  may surround the drain electrode  105   b , a channel region may be increased.  
         [0050]     The drain electrode  105   b  may be electrically connected to the transparent electrode  110  within a first contact part CT 1 . Then, a gate pad  121  and a source pad  115  may be formed at extended end portions of the gate line  101  and the data line  105 , respectively, to be connected to drive ICs (not shown). For example, the gate pad  121  may be electrically connected to a transparent gate pad terminal  110   b  through a third contact part CT 3 , and the source pad  115  may be electrically connected to a transparent source pad terminal  110   a  through a second contact part CT 2 .  
         [0051]     In  FIG. 6 , the gate pad  121  may be formed at one end portion extended from the gate line  101 , wherein the gate pad  121  may be larger than the gate line  101 . Similarly, the source pad  115  may be formed at one end portion extended from the data line  105 , wherein the source pad  115  may be larger than the data line  105 . In addition, the transparent electrode  110  may partially overlap the gate and data lines  101  and  105  along both sides of the pixel region, and the reflective electrode  108  may have a planar shape formed below the transparent electrode  110  to have an open area within the transmission part D.  
         [0052]      FIGS. 7A  to  7 J are cross sectional views along IV-IV′, V-V′, and VI-VI′ of an exemplary array substrate fabrication process steps of a transreflection-type LCD device according to the present invention. In  FIGS. 7A  to  7 J, the line IV-IV′ includes a section of a source pad D-Pad, the line V-V′ includes a section from a data line D-Line to a gate line G-Line through a thin film transistor TFT and a storage capacitor Cst, and the line VI-VI′ includes a section of a gate pad G-Pad.  
         [0053]     As shown in  FIG. 7A , a conductive metal layer, such as Al, Cr, or MoW, may be deposited on a transparent substrate  100 , and patterned using a first mask (not shown) to simultaneously form the gate pad  121  having one enlarged end portion, the gate line  101  extended from the gate pad  121  along a first direction, and the gate electrode  101   a  protruding from the gate line  101 . In addition, the storage line  111  may be formed between the gate lines  101  to be parallel to the gate lines  101 .  
         [0054]     In  FIG. 7B , a gate insulating layer  102 , an amorphous silicon layer  103 , an impurity layer (n +  layer)  104 , and source/drain metal layers  105   s  may be sequentially deposited along an entire surface of the transparent substrate  100  including the gate electrode  101   a . The gate insulating layer  102  may include an inorganic insulating layer, such as SiO x  or SiN x . Then, the source/drain metal layers  105   s  may include conductive metal layers, such as Al, Cr, or MoW.  
         [0055]     In  FIG. 7C , a photo-resist layer  123  may be coated on the transparent substrate  100  including the source/drain metal layers  105   s , and exposure and developing processes may be performed using a second mask (not shown) that may include a transmission part, a semi-transmission part, and a closed part. When performing the exposure and developing processes, the second mask (not shown) may be a diffraction mask. For example, the photo-resist layer  123  corresponding to the transmission part may be completely removed, and the photo-resist layer  123  corresponding to the semi-transmission part is removed at a predetermined thickness. In this case, the photo-resist layer  123  corresponding to the closed part may be maintained at the initial coating thickness.  
         [0056]     In addition, the closed part may define a region for forming the source/drain electrodes and the data line, the semi-transmission part may define a channel region between the source and the drain electrodes, and the transmission part may define the remaining region. Thus, the source/drain metal layers  105   s , which may correspond to the transmission part, the impurity layer  104   a , and the amorphous silicon layer  103   a  may be removed first using the photo-resist layer  123  patterned using the second mask, thereby forming the source pad  115  and the data line  105  as a single body with the source/drain metal layers  105   s , the amorphous silicon layer  103   a , and the impurity layer  104 . Within the gate pad portion, the source/drain metal layers  105   s , the impurity layer  104 , and the amorphous silicon layer  103  may be completely removed. In addition, the source pad  115  may be formed at one enlarged end portion of the data line  105 .  
         [0057]     In  FIG. 7D , after ashing the photo-resist layer  123  patterned using the second mask, the photo-resist layer  123  corresponding to the closed part and the semi-transmission part may be removed at the thickness corresponding to that of the semi-transmission part, whereby the photo-resist layer  123  of the semi-transmission part may be completely removed, and the photo-resist layer  123  may remain on the closed part. Then, the source/drain metal layers  105   s  corresponding to the semi-transmission part may be wet-etched using the patterned photo-resist layer  123  as a mask, thereby forming the source/drain electrodes  105   a  and  105   b . Next, the impurity layer  104  may be dry-etched by using the photo-resist layer  123 , thereby forming the semiconductor layer  113  including the amorphous silicon layer  103   a  and the impurity layer  104   a . Accordingly, a channel region may be defined between the source electrode  105   a  and the drain electrode  105   b , and the photo-resist layer  123  may be completely removed.  
         [0058]     In  FIG. 7E , a first passivation layer  106  of an inorganic insulating material, such as SiN x  or SiO x , may be deposited along the entire surface of the substrate  100  including the source/drain electrodes  105   a  and  105   b . Then, a negative-type organic insulating layer  107  may be coated at a first thickness, and round-shaped concave patterns may be formed along an entire surface of the negative-type organic insulating layer  107  using a stamp process. Although the concave patterns may be formed on the surface of the negative type organic insulating layer according to the present invention, the embossing patterns may be formed on the surface of the negative-type organic insulating layer.  
         [0059]     The stamp process may be performed using a stamp having patterns inverse to the round-shaped concave patterns of the negative-type organic insulating layer  107 . For example, the negative-type organic insulating layer  107  may be formed according to a negative-type process in which the organic insulating layer  107  may be patterned to form the concave patterns according to embossing patterns of the stamp. Accordingly, the negative-type organic insulating layer  107  may be formed of negative photoacryl. Subsequently, a UV-curing process may be performed to the patterned negative-type organic insulating layer  107  to stably maintain the concave patterns of the negative-type organic insulating layer  107 .  
         [0060]     In  FIG. 7F , the portions of the negative-type organic insulating layer  107  corresponding to the transmission part D, the upper part CT 4  of the storage line  111 , the upper part of the gate pad  121 , and the upper part of the source pad  115  may be selectively removed according to a dry-etch process. Then, a re-curing process may be performed to the patterned negative-type organic insulating layer  107  at a temperature between about 160° C. and about 240° C. for a period of about 40 to about 80 minutes. In addition, the re-curing process may be performed at a temperature of about 220° C. for a period of about 60 minutes. Accordingly, the re-curing process may improve adhesion between the reflective electrode  108  and the negative-type organic insulating layer  107 .  
         [0061]     In  FIG. 7G , a reflective metal layer, such as Al, Al alloy, Au, or Au alloy, may be deposited along an entire surface of the substrate  100  including the negative-type organic insulating layer  107 , and may be selectively removed using a wet-etch process including a fourth mask (not shown). Accordingly, the reflective electrode  108  may be formed within the pixel region, except within the transmission part D and the upper part CT 4  of the storage line  111 .  
         [0062]     In  FIG. 7H , a second passivation layer  109  of an inorganic insulating material, such as SiN x  or SiO x , may be deposited on the substrate  100  including the reflective the transparent electrode along an interface therebetween. Accordingly, the negative-type organic insulating layer  107  may be stably maintained at a temperature of about 240° C. In addition, the second passivation layer  109  nay be deposited on the negative-type organic insulating layer  107  at a temperature between about 180° C. and 220° C., thereby preventing destruction of the concave patterns on the surface of the negative-type organic insulating layer  107  and preventing occurrence of the peeling phenomenon. Moreover, the second passivation layer may be deposited on the negative-type organic insulating layer at a relatively low temperature of about 200° C., thereby stably maintaining the negative-type organic insulating layer  107  and the reflective electrode  108 .  
         [0063]     In  FIG. 71 , the second passivation layer  109  may be selectively removed using a fifth mask (not shown), thereby forming the first contact part CT 1  in the upper part of the storage line  111 , and the second and third contact parts CT 2  and CT 3 , which may function as contact parts of the gate pad and the source pad. Accordingly, the second contact part CT 2  may be formed by removing the first passivation layer  106  and the second passivation layer  109  above the predetermined portion of the source pad  115  at a constant thickness, and the third contact part CT 3  may be formed by removing the gate insulating layer  102  and the first passivation layer  106  at a constant thickness. Similarly, the first passivation layer  106  may be etched within the first contact part CT 1 , thereby exposing a portion of the drain electrode  105   b.    
         [0064]     In  FIG. 7J , a transparent metal layer, such as ITO (Indium-Tin-Oxide), IZO (Indium-Zinc-Oxide), or ITZO (Indium-Tin-Zine-Oxide), may be deposited on the substrate including the second passivation layer  109 , and selectively removed using a sixth mask (not shown), thereby forming the transparent electrode  110  within the pixel region, the gate pad terminal  110   b  within the gate pad  121 , and the source pad terminal  110   a  within the source pad  115 . Accordingly, the transparent electrode  110  may contact the drain electrode  105   b  through the first contact part CT 1 , and the transparent electrode  110  may be formed within the pixel region including the transmission part D. In addition, the gate pad terminal  110   b  may contact the gate pad  121  through the third contact part CT 3 , and the source pad terminal  110   a  may contact the source pad  115  through the second contact part CT 2 .  
         [0065]      FIG. 8  is a photomicrograph of an exemplary pattern of a transreflection-type LCD device according to the present invention. In  FIG. 8 , after forming the reflective electrode in the trans-reflection type LCD device according to the present invention, the second passivation layer  109  may be deposited at a temperature between about 180° C. and about 220° C. that is lower than the temperature (i.e., 240° C.) at which the patterns of the negative-type organic insulating layer  107  may undergo the thermal flow phenomenon. Thus, it may be possible to maintain stabilization of the patterns of the negative-type organic insulating layer  107  after forming the second passvation layer  109 , and may prevent occurrence of the peeling phenomenon. In addition, the transmission hole may be exposed within the pixel region.  
         [0066]     According to the present invention, the fabrication process of the transreflection-type LCD device may be performed using six masks for patterning the gate electrode, the semiconductor layer, the source/drain electrodes, the negative type inorganic insulating layer, the reflective electrode, and the transparent electrode. Thus, fabrication of the transreflection-type LCD device according to the present invention decreases the number of the masks. In addition, the transreflection-type LCD device according to the present invention may include a semiconductor layer formed of amorphous silicon material or polysilicon-type material.  
         [0067]     According to the present invention, the transreflection-type LCD device and method of fabricating a transreflection-type LCD device has the following advantages. First, the semiconductor layer and the source/drain electrodes may be formed using a diffraction mask, and the concave patterns of the negative-type organic insulating layer may be formed using a stamping process, whereby the number of the masks may be decreased to six, thereby making exposure and developing processes unnecessary.  
         [0068]     Second, by using the negative-type organic insulating layer, the patterns may be formed during the stamping process instead of during the exposure and developing processes using the mask, whereby the round-shaped concave patterns may be formed without destruction of the patterns.  
         [0069]     Third, after the stamping process of the negative-type organic insulating layer, UV light may be first irradiated thereto, and a re-curing process may be performed thereto after the etching process of the transmission part. In addition, the second passivation layer may be deposited at a relatively low temperature of about 200° C., thereby making it possible to stably maintain the round-shaped patterns of the negative-type organic insulating layer, the reflective electrode, and the transparent electrode without occurrence of the peeling phenomenon and causing destruction of the patterns.  
         [0070]     Fourth, the concave patterns may be formed during the stamping process at a single time without use of a mask, thereby making a dual-coating process for the organic insulating layer unnecessary and simplifying the fabrication processing steps. By decreasing the number of mask process steps, it may be possible to decrease the number of exposure, developing, and etching processes, thereby improving yield.  
         [0071]     It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in transreflection-type liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.