Abstract:
A lights integrated cooling system for providing environmental temperature controls for indoor growing environments is provided. The indoor growing environment has a predetermined target temperature. The system comprises a frame structure having top and bottom plumbing manifolds. A water cooled light bar is provided having first and second ends with the first end being fluidly connected to the top plumbing manifold and the second end being fluidly connect to the bottom plumbing manifold. A chiller is fluidly connected to the top plumbing manifold, the light bar and the bottom plumbing manifold. An amount of coolant circulates through the chiller, the top plumbing manifold, the light bar, and the bottom manifold. Heat from the light bar is transferred to the coolant thereby raising the temperature of the coolant. The chiller reduces the temperature of the coolant and the coolant leaving the chiller is chilled to a predetermined leaving water temperature. Heat transfer from the coolant results in the predetermined target temperature being approximately equal to the predetermined leaving water temperature.

Description:
[0001]    The present application claims benefit of priority from pending U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 62/363,538, filed Jul. 18, 2916, entitled “Lights Integrated Cooling System for Indoor Growing Environments”. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
       [0002]    This invention relates generally to a lights integrated cooling system for indoor growing environments and, more particularly, the invention relates to a lights integrated cooling system for Indoor growing environments by allowing simple, lighting integrated cooling and heating of the growing environment by moving the chiller temperature set point up or down, or by increasing or decreasing the flow of chilled water to the lights, which function as heat exchangers. 
       2. Description of the Prior Art 
       [0003]    Indoor grow lights have traditionally used incandescent or fluorescent light sources. Recently, grow lights have been introduced which use light emitting diodes (LEDs) light sources. LEDs are new a lighting technology in the grow light industry. LEDs emit light at specific wavelength bands depending upon the type of diode. Because of this narrow wavelength band a white LED is actually comprised of a mix of different color LEDs to create the white light, or a single colored LED, usually blue, with a filter over it. The intensity of an LED may be controlled as well allowing the LEDs to be dimmed. 
         [0004]    Like any other industry, the agricultural industry seeks to increase production and lower operating costs of its products. Generally, plants exposed to more blue light tend to grow stouter and with broader leads. Plants exposed to more red light tend to grow faster and taller but with thinner stems and smaller leaves. 
         [0005]    LED technology has made significant gains in recent years. The efficiency and light output of LED&#39;s has increased exponentially since the 1960&#39;s, with a doubling occurring about every 36 months. As a result, LED technology can now be successfully deployed for grow light applications, to provide high-efficiency, low cost, safe and long-lasting grow light solutions. However, the performance of LED grow lights varies, and there is an ongoing need in the grow light industry for high-performance grow lights that maximize photosynthesis, plant growth and flowering. In addition, it is desirable to reduce the heat generated by the LED grow lights. 
         [0006]    Heat can damage sensitive electronic components, degrading reliability and hampering the ability to concentrate higher power levels into smaller packages. Many applications would benefit from the ability to closely package LEDs into compact configurations, but the heat levels generated have always been a limiting factor. As LEDs become more sophisticated, eliminating internal heat build-up has also become increasingly difficult. Devices are becoming more powerful and creating solutions for removing the resulting heat generation often pose great challenges. The drive current through an LED must be controlled. High current densities within the junction of the chip cause partial overheating which damages the crystalline structure of the LED die. At these areas are so called dark line defects, where light ceases to be generated. By rapidly transporting heat away from the junction, dark line defect generation can be reduced or eliminated. Therefore, it is desirable to cool the LEDs in an expedient and economical manner. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0007]    The present invention is a lights integrated cooling system for providing environmental temperature controls for indoor growing environments. The indoor growing environment has a predetermined target temperature. The lights integrated cooling system comprises a frame structure having a top plumbing manifold and a bottom plumbing manifold. A water cooled light bar is provided having a first end and a second end with the first end of the light bar being fluidly connected to the top plumbing manifold and the second end of the light bar being fluidly connect to the bottom plumbing manifold. A chiller is fluidly connected to the top plumbing manifold, the light bar and the bottom plumbing manifold. An amount of coolant circulates through the chiller, the top plumbing manifold, the light bar, and the bottom manifold. Heat from the light bar is transferred to the coolant thereby raising the temperature of the coolant. The chiller reduces the temperature of the coolant received from the light bar and the coolant leaving the chiller is chilled to a predetermined leaving water temperature. Heat transfer from the coolant to the indoor growing environment or from the indoor growing environment to the coolant results in the predetermined target temperature being approximately equal to the predetermined leaving water temperature. 
         [0008]    In addition, the present invention includes a method for providing environmental temperature controls for indoor growing environments. The indoor growing environment having a predetermined target temperature. The method comprises providing a frame structure having a top plumbing manifold and a bottom plumbing manifold, providing a water cooled light bar having a first end and a second end, fluidly connecting the first end of the light bar to the top plumbing manifold, fluidly connecting the second end of the light bar to the bottom plumbing manifold, fluidly connecting a chiller to the top plumbing manifold, the light bar and the bottom plumbing manifold, circulating an amount of coolant through the chiller, the top plumbing manifold, the light bar, and the bottom manifold, transferring heat from the light bar to the coolant, raising the temperature of the coolant, reducing the temperature of the coolant with the chiller to a predetermined leaving water temperature, and transferring heat from the coolant to the indoor growing environment or from the indoor growing environment to the coolant resulting in the predetermined target temperature being approximately equal to the predetermined leaving water temperature. 
         [0009]    The present invention further includes a lights integrated cooling system for providing environmental temperature controls for indoor growing environments. The indoor growing environment having a predetermined target temperature. The lights integrated cooling system comprises a frame structure having a top plumbing manifold and a bottom plumbing manifold. A water cooled light bar is provided having a first end and a second end with the first end of the light bar being fluidly connected to the top plumbing manifold and the second end of the light bar being fluidly connect to the bottom plumbing manifold. A chiller fluidly connected to the top plumbing manifold, the light bar and the bottom plumbing manifold with the chiller having a built-in pump and tank. An amount of coolant circulates through the chiller, the top plumbing manifold, the light bar, and the bottom manifold. A temperature and humidity sensor is positioned in the indoor growing environment with the sensor communicating with a controls device that adjusts the leaving water temperature of the chiller as temperature and humidity fluctuates. Ducting distributes air throughout the indoor farming environment, or out of the farming environment. A cooling tower is fluidly connected between the chiller and the light bar for passive cooling of the coolant. Heat from the light bar is transferred to the coolant thereby raising the temperature of the coolant. The chiller reduces the temperature of the coolant received from the light bar and the coolant leaving the chiller is chilled to a predetermined leaving water temperature. Heat transfer from the coolant to the indoor growing environment or from the indoor growing environment to the coolant results in the predetermined target temperature being approximately equal to the predetermined leaving water temperature. The predetermined leaving water temperature is achieved by adjusting a chiller temperature set point or by adjusting a volume of chilled water flowing through the light bar. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0010]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view illustrating a lights integrated cooling system for indoor growing environments, constructed in accordance with the present invention, having a structure for holding irrigation and lights and at least one water cooled light bar mounted within a plumbing manifold; 
           [0011]      FIG. 2  is an elevational plan view illustrating the lights integrated cooling system for indoor growing environments of  FIG. 1 , constructed in accordance with the present invention; 
           [0012]      FIG. 3  is an elevational plan view illustrating a combined first union and valve of the lights integrated cooling system for indoor growing environments, constructed in accordance with the present invention, allowing removal of a water cooled light bar during operation; 
           [0013]      FIG. 4  is an elevational plan view illustrating the lights integrated cooling system for indoor growing environments, constructed in accordance with the present invention, with stacked water cooled light bars joined by a second union; 
           [0014]      FIG. 5  is an elevational plan view illustrating the lights integrated cooling system for indoor growing environments of  FIG. 4 , constructed in accordance with the present invention, with the second union allowing easy installation and removal of the water cooled light bars; 
           [0015]      FIG. 6  is a schematic view illustrating a chiller-lights loop of the lights integrated cooling system for indoor growing environments, constructed in accordance with the present invention, having a chiller with a built-in pump and tank; 
           [0016]      FIG. 7  is a schematic view illustrating a chiller-lights-leaving water temperature (LWT) control loop of the lights integrated cooling system for indoor growing environments, constructed in accordance with the present invention, having a temperature and humidity sensor; 
           [0017]      FIG. 8  is a schematic view illustrating a chiller-lights-heat exchanger series loop of the lights integrated cooling system for indoor growing environments, constructed in accordance with the present invention, having a heat exchanger added in series with the water cooled light bars; 
           [0018]      FIG. 9  is a schematic view illustrating a chiller-lights-heat exchanger parallel loop of the lights integrated cooling system for indoor growing environments, constructed in accordance with the present invention, with the heat exchanger used in parallel with the water cooled light bars; 
           [0019]      FIG. 10  is a schematic view illustrating a chiller-lights-two exchanger loop of the lights integrated cooling system for indoor growing environments, constructed in accordance with the present invention, having an air-water heat exchanger and a water-water heat exchanger; 
           [0020]      FIG. 11  is a schematic view illustrating a chiller-lights-cooling tower loop of the lights integrated cooling system for indoor growing environments, constructed in accordance with the present invention, with a cooling tower added to the cooling system for taking advantage of passive cooling; 
           [0021]      FIG. 12  is a schematic view illustrating a chiller-lights-vented air of the lights integrated cooling system for indoor growing environments, constructed in accordance with the present invention, having ducts or piping used to move the hot air or water out of the grow space. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0022]    As illustrated in  FIGS. 1-10 , the present invention is a lights integrated cooling system, indicated generally at  10 , for indoor growing environments. The purpose of the lights integrated cooling system  10  of the present invention is to provide environmental temperature controls for indoor growing environments  12 . Typically, temperature control can be difficult in indoor growing environments and relies on extensive and customized Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems. The lights integrated cooling system  10  allows very simple, lighting integrated cooling and heating of the indoor growing environment  12  by moving a chiller temperature set point up or down or by increasing or decreasing the volume of chilled water flowing through the lighting. 
         [0023]    The lights integrated cooling system  10  of the present invention includes a frame structure  14  having a top plumbing manifold  16  and a bottom plumbing manifold  18 . Fluidly connected to and extending between the top plumbing manifold  16  and the bottom plumbing manifold  18  is at least one water cooled light bar  20  having a first end and a second end. The first end of the light bar  20  is connected to the top plumbing manifold  16  and the second end of the light bar  20  is connected to the bottom plumbing manifold  18 . Preferably, there are a plurality of light bars  20  extending between the top plumbing manifold  16  and the bottom plumbing manifold  18 . Each of the light bars  20  consist of a system of aluminum or metal-bodied lights or tubes suspended in the growing area  12  with coolant circulating through them, as will be described in further detail below. 
         [0024]    In addition, the lights integrated cooling system  10  of the present invention can include a top quick connect union  22  between the first end of the light bar  20  and the top plumbing manifold  16  and a bottom quick connect union  24  between the second end of the light bar  20  and the bottom plumbing manifold  18 . The top quick connect union  22  and the bottom quick connect union  24  allows the light bars  20  to be easily disconnected from the top plumbing manifold  16  and the bottom plumbing manifold  18 . The quick connect unions  22 ,  24  can be threaded connections or other type of fluid sealing connection with the respective manifolds  16 ,  18 . Flow switches  26  can be incorporated in each of the top quick connect union  22  and the bottom quick connect union  24  allowing the sealing quick connects to control the flow of coolant through the light bar  20  and, if desired, to also function as light switches, by turning off the lights in each circulation zone every time that coolant flow is interrupted. 
         [0025]    In another embodiment, in addition to the top quick connect union  22  and the bottom quick connect union  24 , the light bars  20  of the lights integrated cooling system  10  of the present invention include a first light portion  28  and a second light portion  30 . A center quick connect union  32  is positioned between the first light portion  28  and the second light portion  30 . Like the top quick connect union  22  and the bottom quick connect union  24  described above, the center quick connect union  32  allows the first light portion  28  and the second light portion  30  to be easily disconnected from between the top plumbing manifold  16  and the bottom plumbing manifold  189 , respectively. The center quick connect union  32  can be threaded connections or other type of fluid sealing connection. Flow switches can be incorporated in the center quick connect union  32  allowing the sealing quick connects to control the flow of coolant through the light bar  20  and, if desired, to also function as light switches, by turning off the lights in each circulation zone every time that coolant flow is interrupted. 
         [0026]    Typically, the light bars  20  of the lights integrated cooling system  10  of the present invention are liquid cooled LED light bars  20 . Since the LED lights generate significant amounts of heat, using an inline pump or pumps, the coolant is circulated from a chiller  34  through tubing to the plumbing manifolds  16 ,  18  to the light bars  20 , where heat from the light bars  20  is transferred to the coolant. The coolant is returned to the chiller  34  via a system of hoses and tubes. 
         [0027]    In a preferred embodiment, the chiller  34  of the lights integrated cooling system  10  of the present invention is set at a target temperature for the growing environment and heat transfer from the coolant to the environment or from the environment to the coolant results in growing temperature closely matching the temperature of the chiller  34 . Safety features can be integrated into the tubing including switches that cut off power to the light bars  20  in the instance that flow is interrupted. The safety features prevent the coolant from overheating or the light bars  20  from overheating in the instance that the chiller  34  cuts off. 
         [0028]    A temperature sensor in the growing environment  12  informs an environmental controls computer of the temperature in the growing environment  12  which allows the computer to either change the temperature set point on the chiller  34 , or to increase or decrease volumes of chilled water flowing to the light bars  20  with a flow control valve. These two techniques are constant flow/variable temperature and variable flow/constant temperature, respectively. With the first method, when the set point of the chiller is moved down, cooler water is circulated through the light bars  20  and tubing in the environment  12 , causing the growing room temperature to drop as heat is transferred from the growing environment  12  to the coolant through the light bars  20  or metal tubing and hoses. When the set point is moved up, the water is warmed by the light bars  20  allowing more heat transfer from the lighting to the environment  12 . This adjusting of the chiller set point can be achieved through manual set points or in response to an environmental controls system&#39;s direction. Alternately, using a constant temperature, variable flow method, temperature control of the environment can be managed by reducing or increasing the flow of water at a specific temperature through the light bars  20 . This can be managed by the environmental controls system operating a flow control valve or similar device. With this method, when the flow of chilled water to the light bars  20  is reduced, the coolant heats up as it moves through the light bars  20 , leading to the light bar temperature increasing and transferring heat to the growing environment  12 . Likewise, as the control system specifies that higher volumes of coolant should flow to the light bars  20 , more heat is absorbed from the light bars  20 , reducing the relative temperature of the light bars  20  and pulling heat from the growing environment  12 , causing it to cool. These methods may be used to heat, cool or maintain a constant temperature range in the growing environment  12 . 
         [0029]    Several embodiments of the lights integrated cooling system  10  of the present invention will now be described. First, as best illustrated in  FIG. 6 , a chiller-lights loop is provided. Fluid, typically a glycol-water mixture, flows from the chiller  34  to the water cooled light bars  20 . Preferably, a chiller  34  with a built-in pump and tank is used. Users set a leaving water temperature (LWT) that is unlikely to cause condensation on the light bars  20  based off the temperature and humidity in the grow environment. In the case condensation occurs, or conditions changes, the user changes the LWT. This setup uses constant flow of the coolant. An HVAC system will be used in conjunction with this system, but the overall load of the HVAC system will be reduced. 
         [0030]    Next, as best illustrated in  FIG. 7 , a chiller-lights-LWT control loop is provided. The same set up is used as above but a temperature and humidity transmitter  36  is placed in the environment  12 . The transmitter  36  communicates with a controls device  38  that adjusts the LWT of the chiller  34  as the temperature and humidity fluctuates. If a system is put in place to collect the condensed water on the light bars  20 , and the light bars  20  are water proofed, the light bars  20  themselves can be used for cooling and dehumidification processes. This process uses the light bars  20  as a large distrusted air-fluid heat exchanger. An HVAC system can be used in conjunction with this system and the overall load will still be reduced. 
         [0031]    Then, as best illustrated in  FIG. 8 , a chiller-lights-exchanger series loop is provided. A heat exchanger  40  is added to the system in series with the light bars  20 . The heat exchanger  40  is an air-fluid heat exchanger  40  that dehumidifies and cools the air. That air can be distributed throughout the environment  12  with ducting. Setting the exchanger  40  in series with the light bars  20  allows for the water to be pre-heated before going through the light bars  20 , preventing condensation on the light bars  20  from occurring. This assists with using a light bar  20  that is not water proof. A variable pump  42  can be used to adjust the flow rate depending on the temperature and humidity in the environment  12 . The LWT can also be adjusted instead of the flow rate. 
         [0032]    A chiller-lights-exchanger parallel loop, as best illustrated in  FIG. 9 , is provided. The heat exchanger  40  is used in parallel with the light bars  20 . Both loops have their own pumps  42 ,  44  to meet the required flow rates. The exchanger  40  is responsible for all cooling and dehumidification processes. The light bars  20  are insulated from the environment  12 , preventing condensation even when the LWT is at low temperatures. Running colder water through the LED light bars  20  will decrease the temperature of the LEDs. LED light bars  20  operating at lower temperatures can increase their efficiency and light output. As illustrated in  FIG. 10 , an air-water heat exchanger  40   a  and a water-water heat exchanger  40   b  can be used together. 
         [0033]    As best illustrated in  FIG. 11 , a chiller-lights-cooling tower loop is provided. A cooling tower  42  can be added to the cooling system  10  to take advantage of passive cooling when the conditions are appropriate. This can be used as a “pre-cooling” device, or if the conditions are right it could take on the entire cooling load. The chiller  34  will never reach its temperature set point preventing the compressor built in from activating. In some conditions, the water cooling tower  42  can provide too much cooling. In that event, some of the water can be diverted straight into the chiller  34  where warmer water will mix with the cooler water. 
         [0034]    Finally, as best illustrated in  FIG. 12 , a chiller-lights-vented air is provided. The chiller  34  can be placed in the growing environment. To prevent it from adding to the heat load it&#39;s trying reduce, ducts  44  or piping can be used to move the hot air or water out of the grow space  12 . In the event heating is required, some of that hot air or water can then be used to re-heat the environment. 
         [0035]    It should be noted that no system described above is necessarily mutually exclusive. Many of the concepts from each can be used to complement each other and create a more efficient system. Depending on the location and setup, different systems will be more efficient. 
         [0036]    The lights integrated cooling system  10  of the present invention can also be used for dehumidification when condensation fins are attached to the bar. In this instance, as the lights integrated cooling system  10  cools the growing environment with cool water, a flush of extra cold water can be sent through the system  10 , leading to condensation on the condensation fins of the light bars  20 . Condensation runs down the fins to a collection cap at the bottom of the light bars  20  where condensation can pool and be evacuated by an attached vacuum pump and tubing system. 
         [0037]    The lights integrated cooling system  10  of the present invention allows the growing environment temperature to be very closely controlled by the same system that cools the lights. It simplifies the typical HVAC installation and requirements of growing environments by eliminating the need for significant installations of ducting for air flow, removal, and treatment. It can also reduce or eliminate the need for heat-based air exchanges in the growing environment. 
         [0038]    The economic potential of the lights integrated cooling system  10  of the present invention is high by eliminating significant HVAC costs for growing environments. Chillers are also less expensive to buy and operate than HVAC systems, allowing growers to reduce initial capital costs of growing facility construction as well as ongoing operational expenses, simply by integrating light bars  20  and cooling. 
         [0039]    The foregoing exemplary descriptions and the illustrative preferred embodiments of the present invention have been explained in the drawings and described in detail, with varying modifications and alternative embodiments being taught. While the invention has been so shown, described and illustrated, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that equivalent changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention, and that the scope of the present invention is to be limited only to the claims except as precluded by the prior art. Moreover, the invention as disclosed herein may be suitably practiced in the absence of the specific elements which are disclosed herein.