Abstract:
A manufacturer&#39;s offer (“coupon”) redemption system used to validate and verify a manufacturer&#39;s offer and authenticate and substantiate an offer redemption transaction while minimizing fraud. The system is a closed system in a controlled environment. The system includes a central registry where manufacturers register their offers, a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal in communication with a retailer&#39;s point-of-sale (“POS”) system, and a manufacturer&#39;s offer clearinghouse. The POS system communicates with the registry to maintain an updated database of valid offers. The POS system communicates with the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal to validate and verify offers presented for redemption. The manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal includes a means to generate an encrypted identifier (“token”) which is unique to each manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption transaction. The encrypted token is attached to the purchase event transaction log, and the purchase event transaction log (including the token) is transmitted to the manufacturer&#39;s offer clearinghouse. The clearinghouse independently recreates the token based on the offer redemption record and the purchase event transaction log and authenticates the transaction as having originated under the controlled conditions imposed by the system, which includes destruction of the redeemed offer.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/467,805, filed May 5, 2003. 
    
    
     STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
     Not Applicable 
     REFERENCE TO A SEQUENCE LISTING, TABLE, OR COMPUTER PROGRAM LISTING 
     Not Applicable 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     (1) Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates generally to manufacturer&#39;s offers (traditionally known as “coupons”) and, more particularly, to a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system (the “system”) used to validate and verify manufacturer&#39;s offers and authenticate manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption transactions. 
     (2) Description of the Prior Art 
     Manufacturer&#39;s offers (or “offers” or “coupons”) have become a valuable marketing tool for manufacturers and retailers seeking to increase sales and collect consumer demographic information. Although manufacturer&#39;s offers were first introduced decades ago, the process for redeeming manufacturer&#39;s offers has remained relatively unchanged. The traditional manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption process typically involves consumer collection of published manufacturer&#39;s offers, often found in Sunday newspapers, direct mailings, and other publications. Manufacturer&#39;s offers are presented for redemption by the consumer to a retailer at the retailer&#39;s cash register when making a purchase. The manufacturer&#39;s offers generally are inspected by the retailer&#39;s cashier to confirm the expiration date. Sometimes, but not regularly, the cashier may choose to review the purchased products to determine whether or not the consumer actually purchased the products (in the correct sizes, quantities, and/or combinations) required by the manufacturer&#39;s offers. The cashier then manually enters the values of the manufacturer&#39;s offers in the cash register for subtraction from the total purchase price. 
     The manufacturer&#39;s offers collected by retailers then are manually sorted and returned to the manufacturers for reimbursement. Typically, this is done by a professional clearinghouse. Retailers bundle together redeemed manufacturer&#39;s offers and ship them to the clearinghouse. The clearinghouse then sorts the manufacturer&#39;s offers by manufacturer and retailer and forwards the manufacturer&#39;s offers to the correct manufacturer along with an invoice for payment. The manufacturer generally reviews the manufacturer&#39;s offers for evidence of fraud (for example, a large number of evenly cut offers) or other irregularities and then issues checks to the retailers, through the clearinghouse, based on the number of manufacturer&#39;s offers that the manufacturer deems valid. If some manufacturer&#39;s offers are deemed invalid, the retailers will not be paid for such offers. This is known as a “chargeback.” Such chargebacks then typically are deducted from retailers&#39; future payments to the manufacturer for products delivered to the retailers. This time-consuming process creates additional costs for manufacturers, retailers, and, ultimately and ironically, consumers. 
     Not only is the traditional prior art manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption process costly, it is replete with opportunities to defraud manufacturers on various levels. For example, with the advent of relatively inexpensive and high-quality personal computer equipment, manufacturer&#39;s offers may be forged. Additionally, consumers may submit expired manufacturer&#39;s offers or manufacturer&#39;s offers for products, sizes, quantities, and/or combinations that were not actually purchased. That is, traditional methods of manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption do not correlate a specific product sale to each specific redeemed manufacturer&#39;s offer at the time of redemption at the retailer. Moreover, it has recently been reported that fraudulent manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption schemes may have financed terrorist activities. 
     In response to the spread of fraudulent redemption of manufacturer&#39;s offers, the prior art has seen several systems developed to counter fraud. For example, universal product codes (“UPCs”) and UCC/EAN-128 coupon extended codes have been added to many manufacturer&#39;s offers. Manufacturer&#39;s offers encoded with UPCs and UCC/EAN-128 coupon extended codes can be scanned by both traditional and customized point-of-sale (“POS”) barcode readers. The UPC and UCC/EAN-128 coupon extended code data may include the manufacturer&#39;s offer expiration date, offer value, the required size and quantity, and the like. It is expected that within the next several years, UPC and UCC/EAN-128 coupon extended codes maybe supplanted by reduced space symbology (“RSS”) barcodes which allow even more data to be stored in the same amount of space. 
     In some prior art retailer POS systems, the values of the manufacturer&#39;s offers are automatically deducted from the total purchase price using a scanning device to scan barcoded manufacturer&#39;s offers. Other prior art systems provide that as a manufacturer&#39;s offer is scanned, it may be checked against a database file to ensure that it is a valid offer. Some prior art systems even go so far as to compare the manufacturer&#39;s offer barcode data to the transaction log of purchased products to confirm that the required product actually was purchased in the correct size and quantity and, if so, destroy or otherwise invalidate the manufacturer&#39;s offer. However, unless such a process is completed in a closed, controlled environment, with the ability to independently audit the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption transaction, the possibility of fraud still exists. 
     Therefore, what is needed to eliminate fraud is a closed system—a controlled manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption environment in which manufacturer&#39;s offers may be verified, validated, and destroyed to prevent re-use, and the offer redemption transaction authenticated to confirm that the offer in fact was redeemed under the controlled conditions imposed by the system. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is a closed system that eliminates fraud in the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption process. The system utilizes a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal consisting of a housing containing a barcode scanner for reading the data on bar-coded manufacturer&#39;s offers, a shredder to render the manufacturer&#39;s offers invalid for subsequent use, and a means to generate an encrypted identifier, or “token,” which is unique to each manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption transaction. The encrypted token is attached to the POS purchase event transaction log (“TLOG”), and is used to verify that the transaction originated under the controlled conditions imposed by the system. 
     The manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal is connected to the retailer&#39;s POS system and, upon activation, receives the purchase event transaction log identifier and current date from the cash register. The purchase event transaction log identifier, along with the barcoded manufacturer&#39;s offer data, the current date, and other information form the basis of the encrypted token. When the transaction is later submitted for reimbursement and/or audited, a token is independently generated from the purchase event transaction log to compare to the token generated during the transaction. Since the token generated during the transaction could only have originated under the controlled conditions imposed by the operation of the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal, which includes destruction of the redeemed offer, the authenticity of the transaction therefore is verified if the tokens match. 
     The manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal is operated by inserting the manufacturer&#39;s offer into a slot with the offer barcode oriented for the scanner to read the barcode. The scanner senses the presence of the offer, reads the barcode, and communicates the barcode data to the cash register for verification and validation using a database registry of known valid manufacturer&#39;s offers. If valid, the cash register activates the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal&#39;s shredder which pulls the manufacturer&#39;s offer through the shredder and destroys it. Upon sensing that the offer has been shredded, the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal generates the token and communicates it to the cash register where the transaction is then posted and the token is attached to the coupon redemption record in the purchase event transaction log. 
     The system further includes a central registry where manufacturer&#39;s offers are registered. The manufacturer&#39;s offer registry provides the source for manufacturer&#39;s offer data against which each manufacturer&#39;s offer is verified and validated. The manufacturer&#39;s offer registry is downloaded to the retailer&#39;s POS systems and updated on a regular, scheduled basis. The data is stored in the retailer&#39;s POS system in the form of a database, where the manufacturer&#39;s offers can be matched to the database records to insure that altered or unapproved manufacturer&#39;s offers are not redeemed. 
     The system also includes a clearinghouse to facilitate settlement of accounts between manufacturers and retailers. The clearinghouse also serves to verify that manufacturer&#39;s offer transactions submitted for payment are valid. Purchase events containing offer redemption transactions with tokens are screened for authenticity by recreating a token based on the purchase event information; if the recreated token matches the token that was attached to the manufacturer&#39;s offer transaction, then the transaction is deemed authentic. The clearinghouse further authenticates the transaction by revalidating and reverifying the manufacturer&#39;s offer using the data from the manufacturer&#39;s offer registry and the purchase event transaction log. 
     It is a therefore a principal object of the present invention to provide a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system that eliminates fraud. 
     Another object of the invention is to provide a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system that reduces costs to manufactures, retailers, and consumers. 
     A further object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system that verifies the validity of a manufacturer&#39;s offer before redeeming it. 
     Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system that generates an encrypted token to verify and authenticate a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption transaction. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system that is interoperable with a retailer&#39;s point of sale system. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system that includes a terminal with a means to prevent re-use of a manufacturer&#39;s offer once it has been validated and redeemed. 
     A further object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system that is a closed system. 
     An additional object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system that manages the redemption of manufacturer&#39;s offers under controlled conditions. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system that maintains a central registry of valid manufacturer&#39;s offers. 
     Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system that is to provide a manufacturer&#39;s offer clearinghouse for authenticating manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption transactions prior to payment for the transactions from the manufacturer to the retailer. 
     An important object of the present invention is the creation and retention of a complete audit trail of all redeemed manufacturer&#39;s offers cleared by the invention which is preserved at the clearinghouse for a specific period of time for review. 
     Other and more specific objects will in part be obvious and will in part appear hereinafter. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is diagram showing relation of the major elements of the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a flowchart showing the operation of the manufacturer&#39;s offer registry in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a flowchart showing the operation of the manufacturer&#39;s offer validation process in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 4  is perspective view of the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 5  is a block diagram of the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 6  is a flowchart showing the operation of the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 7  is a flowchart showing the operation of the manufacturer&#39;s offer clearinghouse in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     It will be appreciated that certain elements of the figures are abbreviations or references for elements of the present invention otherwise referenced herein. For example, reference&#39;s to “CEC” and “CEC&#39;s” indicate “Cunningham Electronic Corporation” owner by assignment of the instant application but can refer to any operator of the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system of the present invention. Manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal  7  is also identified as “New CT” (CT being an abbreviation for “coupon terminal”). Additionally, point of sale terminals (or “POS terminals”) are sometimes abbreviated as “POST” such as in FIG.  1 &#39;s reference to “Store POST Controller.” Additionally, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that a “transaction log,” as used herein, means a record of items purchased during a purchase transaction. 
     The preferred embodiment of the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system of the present invention is shown in  FIGS. 1 through 7  and further described herein. The system consists of three primary components in the preferred embodiment: the manufacturer&#39;s offer registry  1 , the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal  2 , and the manufacturer&#39;s offer clearinghouse  3 . In the preferred embodiment, the manufacturer&#39;s offer registry  1  and the manufacturer&#39;s offer clearinghouse  3  both are stored within a single central data center  4 , comprising at least one suitable computer and/or server as well known in the prior art. It will be appreciated, however, that the manufacturer&#39;s offer registry  1  and the manufacturer&#39;s offer clearinghouse  3  could be separately stored on suitable computers and/or servers without affecting the operability of the system and without departing from the spirit of the present invention. 
       FIG. 1  shows the general operational relationship between the major components of the system in the preferred embodiment. The manufacturer&#39;s offer registry  1 , as further discussed below, is an electronic database of manufacturer&#39;s offers. It is stored on any suitable software-programmable computer and/or server known in the art. In the preferred embodiment, the manufacturer&#39;s offer registry  1 , is stored in the data center  4 . In turn, the data center  4  is capable of communicating with a retailer&#39;s POS system controller  5 , typically located at the retailer&#39;s physical store location. In the preferred embodiment, such communications occur over a worldwide computer network, such as the Internet; however, such communications may occur using prior art dial-up or other networking methods. Additionally, in the preferred embodiment, communications between the POS system controller  5  and the data center  4  are encrypted or otherwise securely transmitted to protect the integrity and confidentiality of the data. 
     As further shown in  FIG. 1 , the POS system controller  5  also is a software-programmable computer and/or server known in the art and is capable of communicating with at least one, and in most cases a plurality, of POS terminals (such as cash registers). Communications between the POS system controller  5  and the POS terminal(s)  6  is accomplished through traditional prior art data communications means, such as an in-store POS network. Using traditional prior art communications means, a manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal  2  is connected to each POS terminal  6 . Lastly, as well known in the prior art, a product scanning device  7  also interfaces with each POS terminal  6 . 
     The operation of a traditional POS system is well known in the prior art. A product to be purchased is scanned by scanning device  7  to identify and decode the unique product-identifying barcode data typically printed on the exterior of the product&#39;s packaging. Scanning device  7  then cooperates with POS terminal  6  and POS system controller  5  to identify the product being purchased, print a customer receipt, and create a purchase event transaction log (“TLOG”). The present invention builds on this well-known and well-tested POS system model to add manufacturer&#39;s offer validation, verification, and redemption as discussed in detail below. 
     Manufacturer&#39;s Offer Registry 
     As discussed above, the manufacturer&#39;s offer registry  1  (or, “registry”) is an electronic database of all valid participating manufacturer&#39;s offers that may be validated using the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system of the present invention.  FIG. 2  is a flowchart showing operation of the registry. The registry preferably is maintained at a central location, such as the data center, and is updated on a regular, consistent basis to ensure that the manufacturer&#39;s offer data within it is accurate and up-to-date. A copy of the entire registry initially is transmitted to a retailer upon the retailer&#39;s participation in the system. The copy of the registry is stored on the retailer&#39;s POS system controller. Thereafter, updates to the registry are disseminated to the retailer on a regular basis, such as nightly, weekly, or as otherwise needed. 
     To minimize the amount of data traffic, and the time for registry update data transmissions, registry data updates are transmitted in an ADD/DELETE format, meaning that the entire registry need not be downloaded each time an update is required (however, a full copy of the registry can be downloaded if needed, such as for disaster recovery or other purposes). To further minimize the amount of data traffic, data is expressed in a number series range format, rather than as a discrete series of numbers. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , maintenance  201  of the registry involves the addition of new manufacturer&#39;s offers and the removal of expired manufacturer&#39;s offers. To add  202  a new manufacturer&#39;s offer, the manufacturer first notifies  203  the registry manager of the existence of a new manufacturer&#39;s offer. Notification can be by any appropriate means, including by electronic mail, by fax, or by phone (although written notification is preferred in the preferred embodiment). The manufacturer then assembles all pertinent information regarding the new manufacturer&#39;s offer and transmits it to the registry manager  204 . In the preferred embodiment, this information includes the following data: 
     the manufacturer&#39;s product family item codes affected by the offer; 
     the manufacturer&#39;s Uniform Code Council (UCC)-assigned ID number that is printed on the offer; 
     the manufacturer&#39;s product family code that is printed on the offer; 
     the offer&#39;s UCC-assigned value code that is printed on the offer; 
     the manufacturer&#39;s assigned offer issue number that is printed on the offer; 
     the manufacturer&#39;s designated drop date for the offer; 
     the manufacturer&#39;s designated expiration date for the offer that is printed on the offer; and, 
     a physical copy or lithographic proof copy of the offer. 
     The registry manager verifies the manufacturer&#39;s information against a physical offer supplied by the manufacturer for accuracy  205 . If the data matches, the offer data is added to the registry. In the preferred embodiment, the registry data is downloaded to the retailer via the Internet or a direct dial-up connection to the registry host computer using traditional prior art data communication means  206 . However, any comparable data communications means may be used. The offer drop date and expiration date control when that offer&#39;s record is added to, and removed from, the registry; thus, an offer is removed from the registry following the offer expiration date  207 . Finally, copies of prior registries are maintained until all of the offers redeemed under such registries are processed  208 . 
     Manufacturer&#39;s Offer Validation Process 
     As shown in  FIG. 3 , the manufacturer&#39;s offer validation process begins when the retailer&#39;s POS terminal (cash register) initiates a new purchase event record and transmits that record number and current date to the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal  301 . Next, all of the customer&#39;s purchases are scanned by the POS terminal  302  and the customer surrenders their manufacturer&#39;s offers to the cashier for redemption  303 . The cashier then inserts each manufacturer&#39;s offer individually into the reader slot in the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal  304 . 
     Once the offer has been inserted into the slot, the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal senses its presence, and reads and decodes the barcode printed on the offer  305 . If the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal can decode the barcode, the decoded data is sent to the POS terminal  306 . If the offer is unreadable, an error message is sent to the POS terminal. 
     When the POS terminal receives the manufacturer&#39;s offer&#39;s decoded barcode information, it first attempts to validate the offer by looking in its copy of the registry (stored on the POS system controller) for a matching record  307 . Offers that do not have a matching record in the registry are rejected  308 . Offers that pass the validation test are passed onto the verification process. During the verification process, the POS purchase event transaction log (“TLOG”) is scanned to verify that the offer&#39;s redemption requirements have been satisfied (such as the correct product family item, size, quantity, combination, etc.)  309 . If all of the offer&#39;s requirements have not been met, an error message is displayed on the POS terminal&#39;s display and the offer is returned to the customer  310 . 
     If all of the offer&#39;s requirements have been met, the POS terminal sends a command to the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal instructing the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal to turn on its shredder so that the offer can be destroyed  311 . After the offer destruction is complete, the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal calculates a unique “token” based on the offer redemption transaction  312 . The token is a number that is calculated based on a mathematical algorithm, which can be based on any number of variables from the offer redemption transaction. The token can be based on any desired mathematical algorithm without affecting the operation of the system, but the algorithm should be kept confidential to maintain the integrity of the system. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the token is based on a proprietary mathematical algorithm that uses the following numeric variables: 
     the manufacturer&#39;s number (encoded in the offer&#39;s UPC barcode); 
     the manufacturer&#39;s offer family code (encoded in the offer&#39;s UPC barcode); 
     the manufacturer&#39;s offer value code (encoded in the offer&#39;s UPC barcode); 
     the manufacturer&#39;s offer issue number (encoded in the offer&#39;s UPC barcode); 
     the retailer number; 
     the division number; 
     the store number; 
     the current date; and, 
     the transaction number from the POS terminal. 
     The token then is transmitted to the POS terminal  313  where it is appended to the offer&#39;s redemption entry in the TLOG  314 . 
     When all offers have been processed in the manner previously described  315 , the POS terminal cashes out the purchase event and transmits the TLOG, through the POS system controller, to the manufacturer&#39;s offer clearinghouse for further processing  316 . 
     Manufacturer&#39;s Offer Redemption Terminal 
     The manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal  2  is a type of document shredder with the internal capability to read and decode barcoded information. Although the device is specifically designed to process redemption offers in the retail environment, the general construction of such devices is well known in the prior art. The exterior of the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in  FIG. 4 , and generally comprises and exterior housing  401  and slot  402  for receiving offers.  FIG. 5  shows the configuration of the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal&#39;s internal components, namely: a microcontroller  501 , a laser scanner  502 , an offer detector  503 , a beeper,  504  a DC motor control  505 , a DC motor connected to a shredding device  506 , hardware configuration data storage means  507 , and an RS-485 interface  508  to the retailer&#39;s POS terminal. 
     In operation, as shown in  FIG. 6 , the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal remains passive  601  until it receives a new purchase event communication from the retailer&#39;s POS terminal  602 . The new purchase event message causes the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal to store the purchase event number and date in its memory  603  and forces the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal to begin looking for a manufacturer&#39;s offer to be inserted into its reader slot  604 . When an offer is detected  605 , the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal activates its barcode scanner and attempts to locate a barcode on the offer  606 . In the preferred embodiment, the offer&#39;s barcode must have both a UPC offer code and UCC/EAN-128 coupon extended offer code portion to be valid (further barcode symbology may require other code portions). The barcode is read and decoded using standard, prior art reading and decoding technology. A properly decoded offer barcode is forwarded to the POS terminal for validation and verification  607 , as described above. An offer that cannot be read is reported to the POS terminal as a unreadable  608 . The cashier then can either try to reinsert the offer into the terminal, or return it to the customer. 
     If an offer has been properly validated and verified by the POS terminal  609 , the POS terminal sends a shred message to the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal  610 . When a shred message is received from the POS terminal, the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal activates its internal shredder and destroys the offer, rendering it invalid for subsequent use. To ensure that the offer has been destroyed, the offer&#39;s barcode is continually read and its progress tracked as it moves toward and through the shredder  610 . This tracking process precludes a cashier from inserting a blank document into the paper path after an offer has been read and then extracting the offer when the shredding process begins. Once the offer has passed the sensors, the shredder motor remains active for a short period to ensure that the entire document has been destroyed  611 . In another embodiment of the present invention, the offer&#39;s destruction may be confirmed by monitoring the shredder motor current. The shredder motor current increases as the shredder motor operates to destroy the offer and decreases once the offer has passed through the shredder. Undoubtedly, other offer destruction sensing means likely exist in the prior art and any such means to confirm the destruction of an offer may be utilized within the system of the present invention without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
     Once the offer has been destroyed, the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal generates the token, as previously described, to uniquely identify the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption transaction  612 . The token is transmitted to the POS terminal which appends it to the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption entry in the purchase event&#39;s TLOG  613 . When the POS terminal closes the purchase event, a message is sent to the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal to indicate the end of that session. The terminal then returns to its idle state until the next purchase event. The TLOG, along with all appended tokens, is stored in the POS system controller for transmission to the manufacturer&#39;s offer clearinghouse. 
     Manufacturer&#39;s Offer Clearinghouse 
     The manufacturer&#39;s offer clearinghouse (“clearinghouse”) is a computer software program that performs the final validation and verification of all offers redeemed through the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system of the present invention, generates all invoicing to the participating manufacturers, and transfers the offer redemption amounts and handling fees to the participating retailers. 
     As shown in  FIG. 7 , the clearinghouse receives the purchase event transaction logs (“TLOGs”) from cashed out purchase events as communicated from the POS system controller  5  at participating retailers  701 . The clearinghouse first filters the TLOGs for all manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption activity that includes an appended token  702 , an indication that such offers are registered as part of the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption system of the present invention. Each of the redeemed offers then is authenticated  703  by regenerating the token using the same data and algorithm that the manufacturer&#39;s offer redemption terminal used to create the initial token  704 . If the two tokens match, then the authentication is considered complete. Next the offer is reverified and revalidated against the purchased items in the TLOG and offer requirements listed in the offer&#39;s registry record  705 . Once this test has been successfully completed, the offer is placed into an electronic settlement file  706 . Offers in the settlement file then await further processing as described below. 
     If the initial token and the regenerated token do not match, or if the offer fails reverification and/or revalidation, the offer is placed in an electronic error file for later manual review  707 . Offers in the “error” file are manually processed to verify the legitimacy of their redemption and are not reimbursed until their status has been cleared. 
     The settlement file is sorted regularly, every Sunday at midnight  708  in the preferred embodiment. The first sort of the settlement file sorts redeemed offers by manufacturer  709 . Once the offers are sorted, the clearinghouse creates  710  and sends  711  invoices to all participating manufacturers for which offers have been redeemed. The invoices list the quantity and dollar amount of each offer redeemed over the past week (in the preferred embodiment) and their associated handling fees. Invoices to the manufacturers may be sent by email (in the preferred embodiment), facsimile, and/or postal mail. In the preferred embodiment, manufacturer&#39;s payment of invoices is due by the Friday following the invoice date. 
     The settlement file then is re-sorted by retailer  712  and settlement statements for each participating retailer are prepared  713 . The settlement statements list the quantity, dollar amount, and the retailer&#39;s handling fees associated with those offers redeemed at each of the retailer&#39;s stores. In the preferred embodiment, this statement is electronically transmitted to the retailer, but may also be sent by facsimile and/or postal mail. 
     In the preferred embodiment, on the Monday following the Friday due date for payments from the manufacturers  714 , the clearinghouse initiates automated clearinghouse (ACH) payments to the retailers&#39; bank accounts for the amounts reflected on the settlement statements for the previous week&#39;s offer redemption activity  715 . The clearinghouse then generates a ledger for internal recordkeeping purposes  716 . The ledger lists each participating manufacturer, their total offers redeemed, the total offer dollar amount, and the total handling fees associated with those offer. There are also line items for each participating retailer. These entries include the total offers redeemed at each of the retailer&#39;s stores, the total offer dollar amount, and the total dollar amount of their handling fees. For secure storage, in the preferred embodiment the ledger is transmitted to a storage facility  717 . 
     It will be appreciated that the timing for the above mentioned manufacturer&#39;s invoices, manufacturers&#39; payment on such invoices, retailer&#39;s settlement statements, retailer&#39;s ACH payments, and ledger generation may vary from those identified in the preferred embodiment without departing from the scope and spirit of this invention. For example, manufacturer&#39;s invoices may be settled nightly instead of weekly and payments from manufacturers made the following day, with payments to retailers following a day after such manufacturer&#39;s payments. 
     The embodiments of the present invention described above are to be regarded in all respects as merely illustrative and not restrictive. Accordingly, the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without deviating from the spirit thereof.