Abstract:
An adapter for use in a system for collecting colostrum and/or breast milk may include: a body having a predominantly cylindrical shape; a first open end of the body for connecting to a funnel device; a second open end of the body for connecting to a source of suction; a blocking member inside the body, between the first open end and the second open end; an aperture in the blocking member to allow suction force applied at the second open end to generate suction at the first open end; a reservoir extending off of a side of the body, between the first open end and the blocking member; and a port disposed on the distal end of the reservoir for connecting the adapter to a fluid collection device.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/478,713, entitled Connector for Collection and Dispensing of Breast Milk or Colostrum, filed Sep. 5, 2014, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/874,303, filed on Sep. 5, 2013; and 61/899,482, filed on Nov. 4, 2013. The disclosures of the above-referenced patent applications are hereby fully incorporated by reference. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    Colostrum is the first nutritional liquid that comes out of the breast during lactation and is a very important food substance for development of a healthy newborn. This highly nutritional material is also packed with antibodies and other immune enhancing substances. Colostrum is produced at a very slow rate of a few milliliters per hour and generally requires some form of pumping and/or hand expression to express it from the breast. Additionally, breast milk sometimes is expressed in small volumes, especially towards the beginning and end of the expression time. Thus, although colostrum is critical for early newborn nutrition, it is only produced in very small quantities and can be difficult to collect. 
         [0003]    Currently, colostrum is typically collected using a funnel, also called a breast flange or shield, which connects to a large collection container (such as a milk bottle), typically via a one way valve. Alternatively, hand expression is performed on the breast, and colostrum is collected in a spoon, small cup, or small vial. These collection containers (bottle, spoon, etc.) require transfer to another container—typically a small syringe—for administering small volumes of colostrum to the newborn. This transfer of material from collection container to administration container leads to at least some amount of wasted colostrum, despite the fact that the total collected amount is very small to begin with. The inherent difficulty in collecting and administering colostrum leads many nursing mothers to become discouraged and not collect any colostrum at all. This difficulty also sometimes leads to mothers giving up on breast feeding altogether. 
         [0004]    Therefore, it would be advantageous to have improved devices, systems and methods for collecting and administering colostrum. Ideally, such devices, systems and methods would also be applicable for collecting and administering breast milk. Also ideally, such devices, systems and methods would be relatively easy to use and would eliminate the step of transferring colostrum and/or breast milk from a collection container to an administration device. The present disclosure describes various embodiments that meet at least some of these objectives. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0005]    The disclosure herein describes an adapter, a system, and a method for collecting colostrum and/or breast milk from a breast of a female human or animal. In some embodiments, the adapter, system and/or method may be used for both collection and administration of colostrum and/or breast milk. In general, the adapter is compatible with a funnel, breast flange/shield, and/or funnel with a flange or connector, such that the connector can facilitate capture and dispensing of breast milk and/or colostrum from a syringe or other compatible collection/administration device. The container, catchment device(s), valves, and connectors may optionally be lubricated, to facilitate the movement of breast fluids, such as colostrum and/or breast milk, into a catchment area. The catchment area collects the fluid and allows it to easily be drawn into, or flow into, a syringe via a connector. 
         [0006]    The connector may attach to the front or the rear of a cylindrical syringe with a plunger for expelling material post-capture and/or a plunger for moving to suck or pull material into the barrel of the syringe during capture. The container that is coupled with the adapter to collect colostrum and/or milk does not have to be a syringe, but may alternatively be any container that can connect via a connection means to the funnel adapter and then expel the material from the same container. This may include, but is not limited to, an attached bag, a vacuutainer, a bottle, a rectangular or odd shaped catchment container, a compressible container, a rollable container, or any other container that can connect to a capture funnel or comprise a capture funnel that also may serve to deliver the material to the infant. A “container” may also be referred to herein as a “fluid collection device,” which has a synonymous meaning for the purposes of this application. Thus, a fluid collection device may be any of the types of containers listed above or any other suitable container for use with the adapter and/or system described herein for collection of colostrum and/or milk. 
         [0007]    Lubricant or frictional material on the surface of the connectors may serve to facilitate connection to the syringe and or the funnel section or they may serve to allow for rapid flow with less adhesion of the breast product on the wall of the container. This lubricant or frictional material may or may not increase or decrease friction as desired in different regions. Additionally, it may be pressure sensitive through shear thickening or shear thinning. It may be silicone, nano-printed with interspaced fluid, or other lubricious or frictionous coating. To increase friction, a sand or imprinted/dimpled area may be used, if desired in connector regions. 
         [0008]    The connector for the syringe or other container to the funnel and/or an adapter that fits both a funnel and a container, may comprise a Luer connector, press fit connector, tapered section, screw thread, tube attachment, or other means of attaching a syringe or other container with an adapter or funnel that may serve to capture and dispense colostrum. 
         [0009]    The funnel and/or adapter to a funnel may also comprise a catchment reservoir to accumulate droplets of material to or near the connector. The catchment reservoir and surrounding area may optionally be coated with a lubricious material to facilitate movement of material or cause less adhesion to the wall. The catchment area guides the flow of material to the connector when the adapter or the funnel is in the appropriate configuration. Additionally, a block or guide may serve to facilitate flow into the catchment reservoir, while also including an opening to create a suction force. This opening may be in any area of the block, but one ideal location may in the top half of the block, away from the catchment reservoir side. 
         [0010]    Additionally, an adapter or a funnel may also comprise a system that has two catchment containers of different sizes. In one such example the front container comprising a syringe may be smaller than a back container comprising a bottle or catchment jar. The syringe in the front container may serve to extract small volumes of material where the catchment jar in the back may serve to capture large volumes of materials. The small volume container may be arranged such that it can catch material stopped by a block, while the large container would be filled via the hole in the block that allows for flow into the larger container. There may or may not be a one way valve that helps prevent reverse flow from the larger container and/or flow into the vacuum port in the attachment area of the larger container. This vacuum port in the larger container also comprises vacuum through the hole in the block that is used as a flow-through area to fill the larger container or not used as a flow-through area when the smaller container is desired to be filled. The funnel may be rotated, or a rotational mechanism within the adapter may be used, if it is desired to keep the funnel stationary if the user wants to switch from extracting small volumes with the syringe to large volumes with the large container. Additionally, the large container could also include attachment means for a syringe or suction port to be used in the catchment area of the funnel or the adapter. 
         [0011]    Also disclosed is a method for capture and dispensing of colostrum or other milk product. A funnel with a connector to a small container or an adapter to an existing funnel with a connector is used to capture and dispense milk product to an infant. The mechanism of capture is through a funnel, which allows milk product to flow into a catchment area or catchment reservoir. This catchment area or reservoir may or may not be formed by a depression in the side or by the function of a block in the internal section of the opening of the funnel that, when placed on a side orientation, forms a catchment area to collect fluid or viscous material. The block may also have an opening opposite the catchment area, such that air flow or vacuum may facilitate the movement of material out of a breast/nipple. The catchment of the material also comprises a connector that is attachable to a delivery device such as but not limited to a syringe. This delivery device may actively suck up material from the catchment area or may have an opening large enough such that flow from the catchment area into the delivery device can be accomplished with air venting out one or more openings, not excluding the opening forming the connection with the catchment area. The delivery device, once containing captured material, is used to deliver milk product after detachment from the adapter or funnel with the connector. After detachment, the delivery device is used with a feeding tube or without a feeding tube to administer the milk or colostrum material to the infant or newborn of any species, including but not limited to humans, horses, dogs, cats, hamsters, whales, or any other type of mammal. 
         [0012]    In one aspect of the present disclosure, an adapter for use in a system for collecting colostrum and/or milk from a breast may include: a body having a predominantly cylindrical shape; a first open end of the body for connecting to a funnel device; a second open end of the body for connecting to a source of suction; a side port between the first and second ends for connecting to a fluid collection device; a catchment area at or near the side port; and a blocking member between the side port and the second end, for preventing colostrum from passing beyond the side port and through the second end. The blocking member may include at least one aperture for allowing suction force to be transmitted from the second end to the first end. 
         [0013]    In some embodiments, the side port is configured to connect to a syringe. In other embodiments, the side port is configured to connect to a tube that connects to a syringe. I still other embodiments, the side port is configured to connect to any other suitable collection device. In some embodiments, the adapter is configured to attach to a breast pump system. In some embodiments, the catchment area comprises a depression in the body adjacent the side port. In one embodiment, for example, the catchment area is a depression surrounding the side port. Some embodiments may also include an additional side port including a valve for switching between collecting colostrum using the side port to collecting milk using the additional side port. 
         [0014]    In another aspect of the present disclosure, a funnel device for use in a system for collecting colostrum and/or milk from a breast may include: a body; a funnel shaped portion of the body having a first open end for contacting a breast; a predominantly cylindrical shaped portion of the body having a second open end for connecting to a source of suction; a side port between the first and second ends for connecting to a fluid collection device; a catchment area at or near the side port; and a blocking member between the side port and the second end, for preventing colostrum from passing beyond the side port and through the second end. Again, the blocking member may include at least one aperture for allowing suction force to be transmitted from the second end to the first end. The funnel device may include any of the features described above in relation to the adapter. 
         [0015]    In another aspect of the present disclosure, a system for collecting colostrum and/or milk from a breast may include an adapter, a funnel device and a source of suction. The adapter may include any of the features described above. Optionally, the system may also include a syringe, connectable to the side port of the adapter. Alternatively, the system may include a tube, connectable to the side port, and a syringe, connectable to the tube. The source of suction may comprise a breast pump device. 
         [0016]    In another aspect of the present disclosure, a method for collecting colostrum from a breast may involve: connecting a funnel device with a first end of an adapter; connecting a suction source with a second end of the adapter; connecting a collection device with a side port of the adapter; contacting an open end of the funnel device with the breast; activating the suction source to generate suction force through the adapter; collecting colostrum in a catchment area of the adapter; and moving the colostrum from the catchment area into the collection device. At least some of these steps may be performed in a different order without departing from the scope of the invention. 
         [0017]    In some embodiments, the collection device comprises a syringe, and moving the colostrum from the catchment area into the collection device comprises retracting a plunger of the syringe. In some embodiments, connecting the adapter with a source of suction comprises connecting the second end of the adapter to a breast pump system. Some embodiments may further include collecting milk from the breast through an additional side port in the adapter, into an additional collecting device coupled with the additional side port. Such a method may also further include switching a valve from a first position, for collecting colostrum, to a second position, for collecting milk. The method may also further include preventing the colostrum from passing through the second end of the adapter with a blocking member disposed in the adapter between the side port and the second end. 
         [0018]    In another aspect of the disclosure, a method for collecting colostrum from a breast may involve: connecting a small diameter end of a funnel device with a suction source; connecting a collection device with a side port of the funnel device; contacting an large diameter end of the funnel device with the breast; activating the suction source to generate suction force through the funnel device; collecting colostrum in a catchment area of the funnel device; and moving the colostrum from the catchment area into the collection device. 
         [0019]    In some embodiments, connecting the funnel device with a source of suction comprises connecting the small diameter end of the funnel device to a breast pump system. Some embodiments may further include collecting milk from the breast through an additional side port in the funnel device or the suction source, into an additional collecting device coupled with the additional side port. Such embodiments may also include switching a valve from a first position, for collecting colostrum, to a second position, for collecting milk. Some embodiments may also include preventing the colostrum from passing through the small diameter end of the funnel device with a blocking member disposed in the funnel device between the side port and the second end. 
         [0020]    In another aspect, an adapter for use in a system for collecting colostrum and/or breast milk may include: a body having a predominantly cylindrical shape; a first open end of the body for connecting to a funnel device; a second open end of the body for connecting to a source of suction; a blocking member inside the body, between the first open end and the second open end, for preventing colostrum from passing from the first open end through the second open end; an aperture in the blocking member to allow suction force applied at the second open end to generate suction at the first open end; a reservoir extending off of a side of the body, between the first open end and the blocking member, for containing the colostrum and/or breast milk, wherein the reservoir has a proximal end located at a junction of the reservoir with the side of the body and a distal end; and a port disposed on the distal end of the reservoir for connecting the adapter to a fluid collection device. 
         [0021]    In some embodiments, the adaptor may have a one-piece construction. In some embodiments, the first open end and the second open end may have different inner diameters. In some embodiments, the blocking member may be a wall, and the aperture may be a hole through the wall. In some embodiments, the hole is located closer to an opposite side of the body of the adapter than to the side of the adapter off of which the reservoir extends. In some embodiments, the reservoir further includes fluid level markings for measuring an amount of the colostrum and/or breast milk in the reservoir. 
         [0022]    In some embodiments, the first open end has an inner diameter sized to fit a narrow end of the funnel device within the first open end, and the second open end has an outer diameter sized to fit a connecting end of the source of suction over the second open end. In some embodiments, the fluid collection device is a syringe, and the port is configured to attached to one end of the syringe. In various embodiments, the funnel device may be any suitable funnel or breast shield. 
         [0023]    In another aspect, a method for collecting colostrum from a breast may involve: receiving colostrum expressed from the breast into an open end of a funnel device that is connected at an opposite end to a first end of an adapter; applying a first suction force at a second end of the adapter, using a suction source connector coupled with the second end of the adapter, where the first suction force is transmitted through an aperture in a blocking member inside the adapter to facilitate movement of the colostrum through the funnel and into the adapter; using the wall in the adapter to prevent the colostrum from passing through the second end of the adapter and direct the colostrum into a reservoir extending off of a side of the adapter; allowing the colostrum to collect in the reservoir; applying a second suction force to a port on the reservoir, using a colostrum collection device attached to the port; and allowing the colostrum to pass out of the reservoir and into the colostrum collection device, in response to the second suction force. 
         [0024]    In some embodiments, the funnel device is a breast shield, and the method may further include contacting the open end of the breast shield with the breast before applying the first suction force. Some embodiments may further involve measuring a fluid level of the colostrum in the reservoir by viewing the colostrum and a fluid level marker on a side of the reservoir. Some embodiments may further involve removing the collection device from the port, after the colostrum has passed into the collection device, and delivering the colostrum directly to a newborn from the collection device, without passing the colostrum into any additional device. In some embodiments, applying the first suction force involves turning on a breast pump device coupled with the second end of the adapter. In some embodiments, the collection device is a syringe, and applying the second suction force involves retracting a plunger of the syringe. 
         [0025]    These and other aspects and embodiments are described in further detail below, in relation to the attached drawing figures. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0026]    The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention, and, together with the general description of the invention given above, and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the present invention. 
           [0027]      FIGS. 1A-1C  are an end-on, cross-sectional perspective, and perspective views, respectively, of a funnel for capture of milk and/or colostrum, according to one embodiment; 
           [0028]      FIGS. 2A and 2B  are cross-sectional and side views, respectively, of a milk and colostrum collection funnel adapter with a catchment area and connector to a dispensing device, according to one embodiment; 
           [0029]      FIG. 3  is a side view of a milk and colostrum collection system including an adapter, funnel, breast pump connector and collection/delivery device, according to one embodiment; 
           [0030]      FIG. 4  is a side view of a milk and colostrum collection system including an adapter, funnel, breast pump connector and collection/delivery device, according to an alternative embodiment; 
           [0031]      FIG. 5  is a side view of a milk and colostrum collection system including a combined adapter/breast pump connector, funnel, and collection/delivery device, according to another alternative embodiment; and 
           [0032]      FIG. 6A  is a side view of a milk and colostrum collection system including an adapter, funnel, breast pump connector and collection/delivery device, according to another alternative embodiment; 
           [0033]      FIG. 6B  is a perspective view of the adapter and syringe of  FIG. 6A ; and 
           [0034]      FIG. 6C  is a cross-sectional, perspective view of the adapter of  FIGS. 6A and 6B . 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0035]    All figures either depict components in isolation or with breast pump accessory attachments or funnels, for use with a vacuum style breast milk pump that is hand powered or machine powered. The system is operable with suction and attachment to a breast to express the milk or colostrum through a funnel contacted to the breast. Embodiments allow for the capture of colostrum or milk into a collection device, which is then detached from the remainder of the system in order to deliver the milk or colostrum to the newborn, infant, or baby. In various exemplary embodiments, the components of a device or system may be press fit together, glide, screw in, or otherwise attach. In addition, in some embodiments, some components may rotate or glide and experience varying degrees of frictional resistance. 
         [0036]      FIGS. 1A-1C  are an end-on, cross-sectional perspective, and perspective views, respectively, of a funnel  100  for capture of milk and/or colostrum, according to one embodiment. Funnel  100  may have a shape, size and overall configuration similar to any funnel or breast shield, but is includes additional features to facilitate the collection of colostrum. Funnel  100  may include a wide end  101 , a narrow end  110  and a block  102  (or “wall”) between the two ends  101 ,  110 . Block  102  may include one or more apertures  104  (or “holes” or “openings”), to allow suction force to pass through the block  102  and thus to help draw milk and/or colostrum into the funnel  101 . Funnel  100  may also include a trough  106  (or “indentation” or “channel”), which together with block  102  forms a catchment area  107 . A port  108  is located at the bottom of catchment area  107 , for connecting with a milk/colostrum collection and dispensing device, such as but not limited to a syringe. The phrase “catchment area” is used herein to generally describe an area or portion of funnel  100  (or of other devices in other embodiments) that is configured to capture breast milk and/or colostrum and/or guide the flow of breast milk and/or colostrum through the device in a desired direction. In the embodiment of  FIGS. 1A-1C , as best seen in  FIG. 1B , catchment area  107  is generally bounded by block  102  and trough  106 , with port  108  located at the bottom. Funnel  100  may be made of any suitable material, such as any suitable polymer or metal. 
         [0037]    In use, breast milk and/or colostrum is expressed into wide end  101  of funnel  100 . Suction force may be applied at narrow end  110  of funnel  100 , and such force will pass through aperture  104 , to help drawing milk and/or colostrum through wide end  101 . Block  102  helps to block the milk and/or colostrum from passing through narrow end  110  and instead directs the milk and/or colostrum into catchment area  107  and thus through port  108 . Trough  106  may also assist in directing milk and/or colostrum toward port  108 . A syringe or other collection/delivery device (not shown) may then be used to draw the milk and/or colostrum through port  108  into the device, so that it can be delivered to a newborn. Port  108  may have any suitable configuration for connection to a collection/delivery device, such as but not limited to a luer connector, screw/threaded connector, press fit connector, or a combination thereof, to provide multi-connector functionality to work with multiple collection/delivery devices. 
         [0038]      FIGS. 2A and 2B  are cross-sectional perspective and perspective views, respectively, of an adapter  301  for facilitating the collection of breast milk and/or colostrum, according to one embodiment. Adapter  301  may include a front end  307  for connecting to a collection mechanism, such as a funnel/breast shield, and a back end  306  for connecting to a flow driver source, such as a vacuum pump (or “breast pump”). Either of the two ends  307 ,  306  may be configured to either fit within or over a corresponding end of a device with which it connects. In other words, in some embodiments front end  307  may fit over a narrow end of a funnel/breast shield, while in alternative embodiments front end  307  may fit inside of a narrow end of a funnel/breast shield. Similarly, back end  306  may fit within a connecting end of a breast pump connector in some embodiments and may fit over a connecting end of a breast pump connector in other embodiments. Adapter  301  may also include a port  302  for connecting to a collection/delivery device, such as a syringe. A block  304  forms a catchment area  303  and helps direct milk and/or colostrum into port  302 . Block  304  may also include an aperture  305 , which allows flow-directing force, such as suction, to pass through. Port  302  may have any suitable configuration for connection to a collection/delivery device, such as but not limited to a luer connector, screw/threaded connector, press fit connector, or a combination thereof, to provide multi-connector functionality to work with multiple collection/delivery devices. Adapter  301  may be made of any suitable material, such as any suitable polymer or metal. 
         [0039]      FIG. 3  is a side view of one embodiment of a system  400  for collecting and dispensing breast milk and/or colostrum to a newborn. System  400  includes adapter  301 , a funnel  401 , a breast pump connector  410  (or “vacuum pump connector”), and a syringe  420  (which may be substituted by another collection/delivery device in an alternative embodiment). A narrow end  404  of funnel  401  is inserted into front end  307  of adapter  301 , leaving a wide end  402  of funnel  401  open, for allowing milk and/or colostrum to pass into funnel  401 . Funnel  401  may be any suitable funnel or breast shield that is currently available or hereafter invented, and the term “funnel” is intended herein to mean “funnel or breast shield.” In other words, the terms “funnel” and “breast shield” are used interchangeably herein. One end of breast pump connector  410  is inserted into back end  306  of adapter  301 . Breast pump connector  401  may include a suction connection  412  for connecting to a source of vacuum/suction (not shown), such as but not limited to a breast pump machine. Breast pump connector  401  may also include a collection device connection  414  for connecting to a larger collection device (not shown), such as but not limited to a bottle for containing breast milk. Collection device connection  414  may include a one-way valve  416 . Syringe  420  may be connected to adapter  301  via port  302 , as described above. 
         [0040]    In use, colostrum (or alternatively breast milk) may be expressed into wide end  402  of funnel  401 . Suction applied through system  400  via suction connection  412  and aperture  305  in adapter  301  (not visible in  FIG. 3 ) may help draw the colostrum toward port  302 . The plunger of syringe  420  may then be retracted to suck the colostrum into the barrel of syringe  420 , where the colostrum may be stored for any desired length of time. Finally, the colostrum may be delivered directly to a newborn from syringe  420  (by mouth or via a tube into the nose, for example). Syringe  420  may be used to collect small quantities of liquid and/or more viscous liquid, such as but not limited to colostrum, or it may be used to periodically sample small quantities from the flow stream into the larger container. Typically, syringe  420  will be coupled with port  302  with the plunger of syringe  420  fully inserted into the barrel, so that there is limited free volume within the barrel. Then, after expression of colostrum and/or milk, the syringe plunger is pulled back to allow for expelled material in catchment area  303  of adapter  301  to be drawn into the syringe  420 . Alternatively, syringe  420  may be pre-filled with air before attaching it to port  302 , and may then be used to force air into funnel  401 , to build positive pressure and thus facilitate detachment of the breast from the suction force generated between wide end  402  of funnel  401  and the breast. 
         [0041]    In various embodiments, system  400  may be provided as only a subset of the devices depicted in  FIG. 3 . For example, in one embodiment, system  400  may include only adapter  301  and funnel  401 . Syringe  420  and breast pump connector  410  may be provided separately by a user. In another embodiment system  400  may include adapter  301 , funnel  401  and breast pump connector  410 , and syringe  420  may be provided separately. Thus, system  400  may include any suitable combination of the devices illustrated in  FIG. 3 . This is true of alternative system embodiments described below and will not be repeated for each embodiment. 
         [0042]      FIG. 4  is a side view of an alternative embodiment of a system  500  for collecting and dispensing breast milk and/or colostrum. Adapter  301 , funnel  401 , breast pump connector  410  and syringe  420  are the same as in the embodiment described in  FIGS. 2A ,  2 B and  3 , so will not be described again. In this embodiment, however, system  500  includes the additional components of a second adapter  520  and a bypass tube  522 . Second adapter  520  attaches to collection device connection  414  of breast pump connector  410 , and bypass tube  522  attaches at one end to port  302  of adapter  301  and at an opposite end to second adapter  502 . In use, colostrum and/or breast milk passes through funnel  401 , into adapter  301 , through port  302  and bypass tube  522 , and into second adapter  520 . Finally, the colostrum and/or milk is sucked into syringe  420  for containment and delivery. Bypass tube  507  allows the suction force generated by system  500  to pull pooled colostrum/milk into syringe  420  without having to pass through one-way valve  416  (visible in  FIG. 3 ) of connection  414 . 
         [0043]      FIG. 5  is a side view of another alternative embodiment of a system  600  collecting and dispensing colostrum and/or breast milk. In this embodiment of system  600 , funnel  401  and syringe  420  are the same as previously described in reference to  FIGS. 3 and 4 . This embodiment, however, includes a one-piece, combination adapter/breast pump connector  601  (referred to herein as “combination adapter  601 ”). Combination adapter  601  includes a front end  607 , for connecting with narrow end  404  of funnel  401 , a block  608  with an aperture  609 , and a port  602  for connecting with syringe  420 . Combination adapter  601  also includes a suction connection  612  and a collection device connection  614  with a one-way valve  616 . Essentially, combination adapter  601  combines the functions of adapter  301  and breast pump connector  410  of the embodiment in  FIG. 3 . Again, block  608  (or “wall” or “inner wall”) and aperture  609  allow suction force to pass through system  600  while preventing colostrum and/or breast milk expressed from the breast from passing through suction connection  414  and instead directing it through port  602  into syringe  420 . 
         [0044]    As illustrated in  FIG. 5 , front end  607  of adapter  601  may be slightly wider than an immediately adjacent tubular portion of adapter  601 , sized and configured so that funnel  401  (or “breast shield”) may be inserted into it. In some embodiments, funnel  401  may fit into the front end  607  via a press fit connection. In alternative embodiments, the funnel  401  may attach to front end  607  via threads or any other suitable connection means. 
         [0045]    Syringe  420  (or “collection/delivery device”) may be used to collect small quantities of liquid and/or more viscous liquid, such as but not limited to colostrum, and/or it may be used to periodically sample small quantities from the flow stream into the larger container. In various embodiments, any suitable size of syringe  420  may be used as a collection/delivery device. Also, as mentioned above, other types of collection/delivery devices may alternatively be used. 
         [0046]      FIGS. 6A-6C  are a side view of a colostrum/milk collection and delivery system  700 , a perspective view of an adapter  701  and syringe  420  of system  700 , and a cross-sectional, perspective view of adapter  701 , according to another alternative embodiment. System  700  includes adapter  701 , funnel  401 , breast pump connector  410  and syringe  420 . As funnel  401 , breast pump connector  410  and syringe  420  are the same as described above in reference to  FIG. 3 , they will not be described again here. One difference of note is that an adapter end  411  of breast pump connector  410  fits over a back end  706  of adapter  701 , whereas previous exemplary embodiments illustrated the adapter fitting over the breast pump connector. The embodiment of  FIG. 6A  illustrates the fact that in various alternative embodiments the various components may connect with the adapter in multiple different ways, as mentioned previously. In fact, in some embodiments, adapter  701  may be able to connect with some embodiments of breast pump connector  410  by fitting within them, as shown in  FIG. 6A , and with other embodiments by fitting over them. The same is true at a front end  707  of adapter and its fit with narrow end  404  of funnel  401 . 
         [0047]    Referring now to  FIGS. 6B and 6C , adapter  701 , in this embodiment, includes a block  704  (or “wall”), an aperture  704  and a port  702 , as in previous embodiments. The primary difference between adapter  701  and previously described adapters is the addition of a reservoir  714  below the main, tubular portion of adapter  701 . Reservoir  714  may help to concentrate and/or collect colostrum  718  (shown in FIG.  6 C—alternatively breast milk) and direct it to port  702 . Reservoir  714  also may help contain the colostrum and/or breast milk and thus help prevent it from spilling back out of adapter  701  in the wrong direction (i.e., toward the user). In some embodiments, as illustrated, the reservoir  714  may include level markers  716  for measuring the volume of fluid collected in reservoir  714 . Level markers  716  may be in milliliters or any other suitable gradation. 
         [0048]    Any one or more of the teachings, expressions, embodiments, examples, etc. described herein may be combined with any one or more of the other teachings, expressions, embodiments, examples, etc. that are described herein. The above-described teachings, expressions, embodiments, examples, etc. should therefore not be viewed in isolation relative to each other. Modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the application. 
         [0049]    Any patent, publication, or other disclosure material, in whole or in part, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein is incorporated herein only to the extent that the incorporated material does not conflict with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth in this disclosure. As such, and to the extent necessary, the disclosure as explicitly set forth herein supersedes any conflicting material incorporated herein by reference. Any material, or portion thereof, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein, but which conflicts with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth herein will only be incorporated to the extent that no conflict arises between that incorporated material and the existing disclosure material. 
         [0050]    Having shown and described various embodiments of the present invention, further adaptations of the methods and systems described herein may be accomplished by appropriate modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. For instance, the examples, embodiments, geometrics, materials, dimensions, ratios, steps, and the like discussed above are illustrative and are not required. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the details of structure and operation shown and described in the specification and drawings.