Abstract:
The technology described herein provides an apparatus and associated methods for Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) systems, which can be utilized to treat breathing problems such as sleep apnea. In at least one embodiment, an airway interface mask and headgear assembly includes a mask shell housing to cover the patients nose and mouth and a pillowed, non-collapsible air cushion consisting of a continuously sealed, generally circular, and hollow cylinder which is limited in compression and which is disposed upon the mask shell housing sealingly in a generally circular manner on an underside of the mask housing to engage the patient&#39;s face. The pillowed, non-collapsible air cushion provides the sealed, cushioned engagement to the patient&#39;s face necessary, with conformity to the shape and contours of the patient&#39;s face, in the CPAP system without allowing for compression of the mask shell housing to allow the mask housing to touch the patient&#39;s face.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S) 
       [0001]    The present non-provisional patent application claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/768,353, which is entitled “CPAP SYSTEM”, which was filed on Feb. 22, 2014, and which is incorporated in full by reference herein. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The technology described herein relates generally the fields of medical devices and treatment systems. More specifically, this technology relates to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) systems, which can be utilized to treat breathing problems such as sleep apnea, and the like. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) systems provide treatment utilizing mild air pressure to keep a user&#39;s airways open. CPAP systems are typically used to aid persons with breathing problems such as sleep apnea. However, CPAP systems can be utilized in other manners, such as for the treatment of preterm infants whose lungs have not fully developed. 
         [0004]    Sleep apnea is a sleep and breathing disorder characterized by abnormal pauses in breathing or instances of abnormally low breathing. Each pause in breath is called an apnea. Each instance of low breathing is called a hyponea. Sleep apnea can occur is several forms: central, obstructive, and complex. In central sleep apnea, breathing is interrupted by a lack of respiratory effort. In obstructive sleep apnea, breathing is interrupted by a physical block to airflow despite respiratory effort, and snoring is common. Complex sleep apnea is a combination of central and obstructive sleep apnea. 
         [0005]    CPAP devices are known to be successful in the treatment of sleep apnea patients, particularly obstructive sleep apnea. Typically, a CPAP system includes: 1) a mask or other device that fits over your nose or your nose and mouth, with straps to keep the mask in place while worn; 2) a tube that connects the mask to the motor of the CPAP system; and 3) a motor that blows air into the tube. Optional components, such as humidifiers or heated humidifiers, filters, air purifiers, and so forth, can be utilized with a CPAP system. 
         [0006]    Related utility patents known in the art include the following: 
         [0007]    U.S. Pat. No. 6,581,594, issued to Drew et al. on Jun. 24, 2003, discloses a vent assembly suitable for use with a respiratory mask of the type used in CPAP treatment. In one embodiment the vent is made of a thin air permeable membrane. Generally, the membrane is thinner than 0.5 mm. The membrane can be made of a hydrophobic material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The membrane can also be fabricated from expanded PTFE. The expanded PTFE membrane is mounted on a polypropylene scrim. The pores of the membrane have a reference pore size of 10 to 15 microns. In an alternative embodiment, the vent assembly includes a vent constructed from stainless steel. In another embodiment the membrane has a superficial cross-sectional area of approximately 500 mm 2 . In another embodiment the vent assembly comprises a membrane attached to a vent frame, the vent assembly forming an insert which can be removeably attached to a mask frame. 
         [0008]    U.S. Pat. No. 6,691,707, issued to Gunaratnam et al. on Feb. 17, 2004, discloses a connector for a respiratory make and a respiratory mask. A connector includes a mask end for connecting with the interior of a respiratory mask, a supply conduit end, and a gas washout vent passage having an inlet adjacent to, or forming part of, the mask end in fluid communication with the interior of the respiratory mask and an outlet in fluid communication with atmosphere. The vent outlet of the vent passage is disposed on the side of the connector remote from the mask end. A respiratory mask includes a mask shell, a mask inlet for connecting with the outlet of a breathable gas supply conduit, and a gas washout vent passage. A vent outlet is disposed on the side of the mask remote from the mask interior and is adapted to direct the washout gas in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mask inlet and away from the mask inlet. 
         [0009]    U.S. Pat. No. 6,981,503, issued to Shapiro on Jan. 3, 2006, discloses a hands-fee anesthesia mask. A hands-fee anesthesia mask includes a mask for providing anesthesia to the patient, a mask strap for holding the mask against a patient&#39;s mouth, and a jaw raising strap for raising the patient&#39;s jaw up and forward so as to unobstruct the patient&#39;s airway. 
         [0010]    U.S. Pat. No. 7,188,620, issued to Amarasinghe on Mar. 13, 2007, discloses a headgear. A headgear for securing and positioning a mask suitable for the treatment of sleep disordered breathing is constructed from a composite including polyurethane foam. It includes a back portion with upper and lower straps connected to the back portion. The straps have relatively narrow strap ends the lower straps are displaced downward with respect to the back portion. A quick release mechanism near the front of the face attaches the headgear to the mask. Additional components can be attached to the straps to alter their elasticity and stiffness. 
         [0011]    U.S. Pat. No. 7,472,703, issued to Hernandez et al. on Jan. 6, 2009, discloses a ventilation comfort interface. A soft material replaceably coupled to a ventilation interface, wherein the soft material is positioned between the interface and a user&#39;s face to alleviate discomfort. The soft material may be configured to be replaceably couple to various ventilation interfaces which may include CPAP interfaces. 
         [0012]    U.S. Pat. No. 7,845,354, issued to Kwok et al. on Dec. 7, 2010, discloses a mask and vent assembly. A mask is disclosed for use with a system for supplying breathable gas pressurized above atmospheric pressure to a human or animal&#39;s airways. The mask includes a mask shell which is, in use, in fluid communication with a gas supply conduit and a gas washout vent assembly. The gas washout vent assembly includes at least one gas washout orifice extending from a first side of the vent assembly positioned, in use, adjacent the human or animal&#39;s face and a second side positioned, in use, adjacent the atmosphere. The cross-sectional area of the orifice at the first side is larger than the cross-sectional area of the orifice at the second side. 
         [0013]    U.S. Pat. No. 8,042,541, issued to Amarasinghe et al. on Oct. 25, 2011, discloses a mask brace and mask assembly. A patient mask assembly for positive pressure ventilation includes a brace which clips to the mask and provides attachment locations for headgear straps in alternative positions to those attachment locations which may be provided by the mask. The brace may also provide a mask stabilizing portion. 
         [0014]    Related published utility patent applications known in the art include the following: 
         [0015]    U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004/0094159, filed by Kwok et al. and published on May 20, 2004, discloses a breathing mask and mask cushion. A full-face cushion comprises a substantially triangularly shaped frame from which extends a membrane. The frame has a scalloped edge by which the cushion is affixed to a mask body to form a full-face mask. The membrane has an aperture into which the wearer&#39;s nose is received. The member is spaced away from the rim of the frame, and its outer surface is of substantially the same shape as the rim. Respective notches receive the bridge of the wearer&#39;s nose. The wearer&#39;s nose and lips are received through the aperture into the chamber within the mask body. The seal forming portion thus contacts both the surface of the wearer&#39;s nose and a portion of the wearer&#39;s face in the region between the bottom lip and the chin, and around the sides and over the bridge of the nose. The shape of the seal forming portion is particularly suited to effectively seal the difficult region of the facial contour that is the crease between the sides of the nose and the face. 
         [0016]    U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0139525, filed by Schirm and published on Jun. 4, 2009, discloses a comfort liner for pressure face masks and nasal masks. Disclosed is a device and method for improving the facial comfort and sealing ability of a full-face mask. The device comprises a liner of soft material, preferably made from moleskin or the like. The disclosed face mask liner provides a superior feel to the user&#39;s face compared with standard face masks with air-filled cushion or silicone gasket cuffs, while providing a more comfortable user experience and a superior seal to prevent loss of breathing gas. Also disclosed is a similar device and method for improving the facial comfort of a nasal mask, providing a mask that is more comfortable to the user. 
         [0017]    Related design patent applications known in the art include the following: 
         [0018]    U.S. Pat. No. D644,729, issued to Ferris et al. on Sep. 6, 2011, discloses the ornamental design for a padded mask for use with CPAP. 
         [0019]    The foregoing patent and other information reflect the state of the art of which the inventor is aware and are tendered with a view toward discharging the inventor&#39;s acknowledged duty of candor in disclosing information that may be pertinent to the patentability of the technology described herein. It is respectfully stipulated, however, that the foregoing patent and other information do not teach or render obvious, singly or when considered in combination, the inventor&#39;s claimed invention. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0020]    In various exemplary embodiments, the technology described herein provides an apparatus and associated methods for a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) system, which can be utilized to treat breathing problems such as sleep apnea, and the like. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) systems provide treatment utilizing mild air pressure to keep a user&#39;s airways open. CPAP systems are typically used to aid persons with breathing problems such as sleep apnea. 
         [0021]    In one exemplary embodiment, the technology described herein provides an airway interface mask and headgear assembly for a patient Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) system, utilized to treat breathing problems such as sleep apnea utilizing mild air pressure to keep a user&#39;s airways open. The airway interface mask and headgear assembly includes: a mask shell housing to cover the patient&#39;s at least one airway interface, such as a mouth, nose, or both; and a pillowed, non-collapsible air cushion consisting of a continuously sealed, generally circular, and hollow cylinder which is limited in compression and which is disposed upon the mask shell housing sealingly in a generally circular manner on an underside of the mask housing to engage the patient&#39;s face. The pillowed, non-collapsible air cushion provides the sealed, cushioned engagement to the patient&#39;s face necessary, with conformity to the shape and contours of the patient&#39;s face, in the CPAP system without allowing for compression of the mask shell housing to allow the mask housing to touch the patient&#39;s face. 
         [0022]    In at least one embodiment of the airway interface mask and headgear assembly, the assembly also includes an outer ring, disposed around a perimeter of the mask shell housing most proximate to the patient&#39;s face when worn, to provide structural support the mask shell housing and with which to couple to the pillowed, non-collapsible air cushion. 
         [0023]    In at least one embodiment of the airway interface mask and headgear assembly, the assembly further includes an adapter ring, disposed around a perimeter of the mask shell housing most distal to the patient&#39;s face when worn, to provide structural support the mask shell housing and further comprising a fluid inlet/outlet for air passage with which to couple to an air hose of a CPAP system and provide airflow to the patient through the mask shell housing to the CPAP system. 
         [0024]    In at least one embodiment of the airway interface mask and headgear assembly, the assembly also includes: a plurality of headgear connection points; and a protrusion ring, disposed around a perimeter of the adapter ring, to provide the plurality of headgear connection points. 
         [0025]    In at least one embodiment of the airway interface mask and headgear assembly, the assembly further includes: a harness with which to couple the airway interface mask to the patient&#39;s face; a plurality of straps disposed about the harness; a plurality of apertures disposed about each of the plurality of straps to provide a plurality of connectivity points to the patient to provide multi-point adjustability and to adjust for tightness and comfort; and a plurality of reinforcement lips disposed about at least one side of the plurality of straps at the circumference of each of the plurality of apertures. 
         [0026]    In at least one embodiment of the airway interface mask and headgear assembly, the assembly also includes a swivel coupled to the adapter ring to allow an air hose to rotate without twisting and without placing pressure on the mask shell housing while being worn by the patient. 
         [0027]    In at least one embodiment of the airway interface mask and headgear assembly, the assembly further includes an air insulation cuff comprised of non-porous foam, disposed upon the pillowed, non-collapsible air cushion on a side most proximate to placement upon the patient&#39;s face, to provide additional comfort and conformity to the shape and contours of the patient&#39;s face. 
         [0028]    In at least one embodiment of the airway interface mask and headgear assembly, the assembly also includes: a headgear frame, with which to couple the airway interface mask to the patient&#39;s head, the headgear frame comprising a first band for placement about the top portion of the patient&#39;s head, from first ear to back of head, to second ear, to forehead, and back to the first ear; and a first tension adjustment knob disposed upon the first band at the back of the head position to tighten or loosen the tension within the headgear frame along the first band. 
         [0029]    In at least one embodiment of the airway interface mask and headgear assembly, the assembly further includes: a second band disposed upon the headgear frame for placement about the top portion of the patient&#39;s head, from first ear to second ear over the top most portion of the head; and a second tension adjustment knob disposed upon the second band to tighten or loosen the tension within the headgear frame along the second band. 
         [0030]    In at least one embodiment of the airway interface mask and headgear assembly, the assembly also includes a dome cap disposed upon the first tension adjustment knob to aid in the prevention of unwanted head rolls while the patent is sleeping thereby to keep the patient&#39;s head facing one direction and not on the backside. 
         [0031]    In at least one embodiment of the airway interface mask and headgear assembly, the assembly further includes a cushion disposed upon the air insulation cuff an a side most proximate to the patient&#39;s face to provide additional comfort and conformity to the shape and contours of the patient&#39;s face particularly over the bridge of the nose of the patient. 
         [0032]    In one exemplary embodiment, the technology described herein provides a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) system. The CPAP system includes: an air pump CPAP machine utilized to treat breathing problems such as sleep apnea utilizing mild air pressure to keep a user&#39;s airways open; airway interface mask having a mask shell housing to cover the patient&#39;s at least one airway interface, such as a mouth, nose, or both; an air hose fluidly coupling the air pump CPAP machine to the airway interface mask; and a pillowed, non-collapsible air cushion consisting of a continuously sealed, generally circular, and hollow cylinder which is limited in compression and which is disposed upon the mask shell housing sealingly in a generally circular manner on an underside of the mask housing to engage the patient&#39;s face. The pillowed, non-collapsible air cushion provides the sealed, cushioned engagement to the patient&#39;s face necessary, with conformity to the shape and contours of the patient&#39;s face, in the CPAP system without allowing for compression of the mask shell housing to allow the mask housing to touch the patient&#39;s face. 
         [0033]    In at least one embodiment of the CPAP system, the CPAP system also includes: an elbow partition fluidly coupled between the airway interface mask and the air hose; a partition disposed with the elbow partition to provide alternate air flow routes for inhaled air and exhaled air; and a plurality of apertures disposed upon the elbow partition above the partition for exhaled air to exit. 
         [0034]    In at least one embodiment of the CPAP system, the CPAP system further includes: an outer ring, disposed around a perimeter of the mask shell housing most proximate to the patient&#39;s face when worn, to provide structural support the mask shell housing and with which to couple to the pillowed, non-collapsible air cushion; an adapter ring, disposed around a perimeter of the mask shell housing most distal to the patient&#39;s face when worn, to provide structural support the mask shell housing and further comprising a fluid inlet/outlet for air passage with which to couple to an air hose of a CPAP system and provide airflow to the patient through the mask shell housing to the CPAP system; a plurality of headgear connection points; and a protrusion ring, disposed around a perimeter of the adapter ring, to provide the plurality of headgear connection points. 
         [0035]    In at least one embodiment of the CPAP system, the CPAP system also includes: a harness with which to couple the airway interface mask to the patient&#39;s face; a plurality of straps disposed about the harness; a plurality of apertures disposed about each of the plurality of straps to provide a plurality of connectivity points to the patient to provide multi-point adjustability and to adjust for tightness and comfort; and a plurality of reinforcement lips disposed about at least one side of the plurality of straps at the circumference of each of the plurality of apertures. 
         [0036]    In at least one embodiment of the CPAP system, the CPAP system further includes an air insulation cuff comprised of non-porous foam, disposed upon the pillowed, non-collapsible air cushion on a side most proximate to placement upon the patient&#39;s face, to provide additional comfort and conformity to the shape and contours of the patient&#39;s face. 
         [0037]    In at least one embodiment of the CPAP system, the CPAP system also includes: a headgear frame, with which to couple the airway interface mask to the patient&#39;s head, the headgear frame comprising a first band for placement about the top portion of the patient&#39;s head, from first ear to back of head, to second ear, to forehead, and back to the first ear; and a first tension adjustment knob disposed upon the first band at the back of the head position to tighten or loosen the tension within the headgear frame along the first band. 
         [0038]    In at least one embodiment of the CPAP system, the CPAP system further includes a dome cap disposed upon the first tension adjustment knob to aid in the prevention of unwanted head rolls while the patent is sleeping thereby to keep the patient&#39;s head facing one direction and not on the backside. 
         [0039]    In one exemplary embodiment, the technology described herein provides a method for treating breathing problems such as sleep apnea utilizing mild air pressure to keep a user&#39;s airways open. The method includes: utilizing an air pump CPAP machine utilized to treat breathing problems such as sleep apnea utilizing mild air pressure to keep a user&#39;s airways open; utilizing an airway interface mask and headgear assembly including: a mask shell housing to cover the patient&#39;s at least one airway interface, such as a mouth, nose, or both; and a pillowed, non-collapsible air cushion consisting of a continuously sealed, generally circular, and hollow cylinder which is limited in compression and which is disposed upon the mask shell housing sealingly in a generally circular manner on an underside of the mask housing to engage the patient&#39;s face; wherein the pillowed, non-collapsible air cushion provides the sealed, cushioned engagement to the patient&#39;s face necessary, with conformity to the shape and contours of the patient&#39;s face, in the CPAP system without allowing for compression of the mask shell housing to allow the mask housing to touch the patient&#39;s face; placing the airway interface mask over the mouth and nose; moving the airway interface mask for proper placement to ensure no air leaks and to distribute the pressure of the air pillow on the face of the wearer; and actuating the air pump CPAP machine. 
         [0040]    In at least one embodiment of the method, the method also includes: utilizing airway interface mask and headgear assembly further including: a plurality of headgear connection points; a protrusion ring, disposed around a perimeter of the adapter ring, to provide the plurality of headgear connection points; a harness with which to couple the airway interface mask to the patient&#39;s face; a plurality of straps disposed about the harness; a plurality of apertures disposed about each of the plurality of straps to provide a plurality of connectivity points to the patient to provide multi-point adjustability and to adjust for tightness and comfort; and a plurality of reinforcement lips disposed about at least one side of the plurality of straps at the circumference of each of the plurality of apertures; an air insulation cuff comprised of non-porous foam, disposed upon the pillowed, non-collapsible air cushion on a side most proximate to placement upon the patient&#39;s face, to provide additional comfort and conformity to the shape and contours of the patient&#39;s face; a headgear frame, with which to couple the airway interface mask to the patient&#39;s head, the headgear frame comprising a first band for placement about the top portion of the patient&#39;s head, from first ear to back of head, to second ear, to forehead, and back to the first ear; a first tension adjustment knob disposed upon the first band at the back of the head position to tighten or loosen the tension within the headgear frame along the first band; a second band disposed upon the headgear frame for placement about the top portion of the patient&#39;s head, from first ear to second ear over the top most portion of the head; a second tension adjustment knob disposed upon the second band to tighten or loosen the tension within the headgear frame along the second band; and a dome cap disposed upon the first tension adjustment knob to aid in the prevention of unwanted head rolls while the patient is sleeping thereby to keep the patient&#39;s head facing one direction and not on the backside; and securing the airway interface mask and headgear assembly to the wearer with the harness and headgear frame. 
         [0041]    It will be apparent to those skilled in the art, after reading this disclosure, which methods steps disclosed can be performed simultaneously or in a different order than that depicted, or omitted given the nature of a particular procedure. 
         [0042]    There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the technology in order that the detailed description thereof that follows may be better understood, and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are additional features of the technology that will be described hereinafter and which will form the subject matter of the claims appended hereto. In this respect, before explaining at least one embodiment of the technology in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The technology described herein is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. 
         [0043]    As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception, upon which this disclosure is based, may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technology described herein. 
         [0044]    Further objects and advantages of the technology described herein will be apparent from the following detailed description of a presently preferred embodiment which is illustrated schematically in the accompanying drawings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0045]    The technology described herein is illustrated with reference to the various drawings, in which like reference numbers denote like device components and/or method steps, respectively, and in which: 
           [0046]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a CPAP system, illustrating, in particular, a mask assembly, harness, elbow partition, CPAP machine, and an air hose, according to an embodiment of the technology described herein; 
           [0047]      FIG. 2  is a front perspective view of the mask assembly depicted in  FIG. 1 , illustrating, in particular, an air inlet/outlet, an adapter ring, a protrusion ring having a multiplicity of protrusions with which to couple with the harness, the mask shell, outer ring, and air pillow, according to an embodiment of the technology described herein; 
           [0048]      FIG. 3  is a top view of the mask assembly depicted in  FIG. 2 ; 
           [0049]      FIG. 4  is a top view of the harness depicted in  FIG. 1 , illustrating, in particular, a base, a multiplicity of connectivity straps, a multiplicity of connectivity holes, with which to couple to the protrusions of the mask assembly, and an expansion zone, according to an embodiment of the technology described herein; 
           [0050]      FIG. 5  is a close-up view of the harness depicted in  FIGS. 1 and 4 , illustrating, in particular, opposing sides of the straps, and the multiplicity of connectivity holes, with which to couple to the protrusions of the mask assembly, and the lip on each hole on one side of the strap, according to an embodiment of the technology described herein; 
           [0051]      FIG. 6  is a close-up view of the harness depicted in  FIGS. 1 ,  4 , and  5 , illustrating, in particular, the lip surrounding each hole, according to an embodiment of the technology described herein; 
           [0052]      FIG. 7A  is a front perspective view of an elbow partition, illustrating, in particular, an air inlet, an air outlet, and partition, according to an embodiment of the technology described herein; 
           [0053]      FIG. 7B  is a rear perspective view of an elbow partition, illustrating, in particular, an air inlet, an air outlet, and partition, according to an embodiment of the technology described herein; 
           [0054]      FIG. 8  is a perspective view of a switch assembly, illustrating, in particular, a switch, and electrical prongs for insertion into an outlet, according to an embodiment of the technology described herein; 
           [0055]      FIG. 9  is a perspective view of an oxygen port fluidly coupled to air hose of the CPAP system, illustrating, in particular, the oxygen port in an open position, according to an embodiment of the technology described herein; 
           [0056]      FIG. 10  is a perspective view of an oxygen port fluidly coupled to air hose of the CPAP system, illustrating, in particular, the oxygen port in a closed position, according to an embodiment of the technology described herein; 
           [0057]      FIG. 11  is a front perspective view of the mask assembly depicted in  FIG. 1 , illustrating, in particular, an air inlet/outlet, an adapter ring, a protrusion ring having a multiplicity of protrusions with which to couple with the harness, the mask shell, outer ring, an air pillow, and, in addition to  FIG. 2 , a foam cuff, according to an embodiment of the technology described herein; 
           [0058]      FIG. 12  is a perspective view of a headgear frame, with which to couple the airway interface mask to the patient&#39;s head, illustrating, in particular, tension bands for placement about the patient&#39;s head, and tension adjustment knobs on the bands and with which to tighten or loosen the tension within the headgear frame, according to an embodiment of the technology described herein; 
           [0059]      FIG. 13  is a perspective view of a dome cap disposed upon the first tension adjustment knob to aid in the prevention of unwanted head rolls while the patent is sleeping, thereby to keep the patient&#39;s head facing one direction and not on the backside, according to an embodiment of the technology described herein; and 
           [0060]      FIG. 14  is a perspective view of a cushion disposed upon the air insulation cuff an a side most proximate to the patient&#39;s face to provide additional comfort and conformity to the shape and contours of the patient&#39;s face particularly over the bridge of the nose of the patient, according to an embodiment of the technology described herein. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0061]    Before describing the disclosed embodiments of this technology in detail, it is to be understood that the technology is not limited in its application to the details of the particular arrangement shown here since the technology described is capable of other embodiments. Also, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. 
         [0062]    In various exemplary embodiments, the technology described herein provides an apparatus and associated methods for a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) system, which can be utilized to treat breathing problems such as sleep apnea, and the like. 
         [0063]    Referring now to  FIG. 1 , a CPAP system  10  is shown. In general, the CPAP system  10  includes a CPAP machine  14  (having an air pump), a flexible air hose assembly  16 , a mask assembly  12 , an elbow partition  44 , and a harness  32 , each of which is described in greater detail in the disclosure below. The CPAP system  10  is shown in use on a wearer with the mask assembly  12  secured over the nose and mouth of the wearer and held in place by a harness  32 . The CPAP system  10  is designed to provide high levels of comfort to the wearer. 
         [0064]    The CPAP system provides treatment utilizing mild air pressure to keep a user&#39;s airways open. CPAP systems are typically used to aid persons with breathing problems such as sleep apnea. 
         [0065]    Referring now to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , the mask assembly  12  of the CPAP system  10  is depicted in greater detail. The mask assembly includes a mask shell  24 . The mask shell is typically a firm plastic member being generally a half sphere shape formed for a comfortable fit over both the nose and mouth of the wearer. The mask shell  24  is generally translucent, such that the nose and mouth of the wearer can still be viewed. The mask shell  24  is coupled at one end to an outer ring  26  and coupled at the opposing end to an adapter ring  18 . 
         [0066]    The mask assembly  12  of the CPAP system  10 , in at least one embodiment, is configured for use for one month in duration. By way of example, a six-month supply of the mask assemblies  12  can be retailed to a user. Replacement after a one-month period is utilized for purposes of hygiene and sanitation. Additionally, the mask assembly  12  is configured for use without hook and loop fasteners and without clasps, and the like, which are very difficult to fit precisely. 
         [0067]    In at least one embodiment, the mask assembly  12  of the CPAP system  10  is manufactured in 100% non-latex. However, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, the mask assembly can be manufactured in alternative materials. 
         [0068]    The mask assembly  12  of the CPAP system  10  can be varied in size to accommodate the size of varied users. By way of example, the mask assembly  12  of the CPAP system  10  can be configured in a small, medium, and large size. 
         [0069]    The outer ring  26  of mask assembly  12  to which the mask shell  24  is coupled, is further coupled to an air pillow  28 . The air pillow  28  is configured to provide a tight and snug, yet comfortable, fit over both the nose and mouth of the wearer and to prevent air leaks. The air pillow  28  is configured to provide a distributed pressure over a contact area. The air pillow  28  provides aid in the prevention air leaks and a comfort fit even as the mask assembly  12  is moved about generally over the nose and mouth of the user. 
         [0070]    The adapter ring  18  is configured for coupled to the elbow partition  44 . The adapter ring  18  includes a fluid inlet/outlet  30  for air passage. The adapter ring  18  can be fluidly coupled to the elbow partition  44  in a secure, yet interchangeable, fit such that there is no air leak. 
         [0071]    The adapter ring  18  is further configured to receive a protrusion ring  20 . The protrusion ring  20  slips securely over the outer perimeter of the adapter ring  18 . The protrusion ring  20  includes a multiplicity of protrusions  22 , or prongs, upon which the harness is attached to securely hold the mask assembly  12  to the wearer. 
         [0072]    The adapter ring  18  can be coupled with a swivel. Use of a swivel allows the air hose to rotate without twisting and without placing pressure on the mask assembly while being worn. 
         [0073]    In a preferred embodiment, the mask assembly  12  is a single patient use face mask. Such single patient use aids in hygiene and sanitation. 
         [0074]    In a preferred embodiment, the mask assembly  12  is disposable. A user can replace the mask assembly  12  on regularly scheduled intervals for the purposes of hygiene and sanitation. 
         [0075]    Referring now to  FIGS. 4 ,  5 , and  6 , the harness  32  is depicted in greater detail. The harness  32  is configured to couple to the mask assembly  12  to securely hold the mask assembly  12  to the wearer. The harness  32  includes a base  34  configured for placement on the back side of the head of the wearer. The base  34  includes an expansion zone  36  such that the harness  32  in that area is expandable to provide comfort and to accommodate varied head sizes. 
         [0076]    The harness  32  includes a multiplicity of straps  42 . As depicted in  FIG. 4 , specifically, the harness  32  includes 4 straps; however, the number of straps can be varied as necessitated in specific applications. Each strap  42  includes a multiplicity of holes  38 . On one side of each strap  42 , each hole includes a reinforcement lip  40 . 
         [0077]    Referring now to  FIGS. 7A and 7B , the elbow partition  44  is depicted in greater detail. Air can be drawn in through inlet  48  from the CPAP machine  14  through air hose  16 . The elbow partition  44  can be threaded, or otherwise attached, with air hose  16  on threads  50  up to lip  52 . Air enters into base  62  and into member  60  for exit through passageway  58 . At member  46  air enter into the mask assembly  12 . The elbow partition  44  includes partition  54 . The partition  54  provides alternative air routes. After air has entered into the mask assembly  12  and is processed by the wearer, exhaled air enters area  56  for exit above partition  54  and through the outlet. 
         [0078]    Referring now to  FIG. 8 , a switch assembly  64  is shown. The switch assembly  68  includes prongs  68  for insertion into a standard electrical outlet. The switch assembly further includes a toggle switch  66 , or the like, to activate or deactivate the circuit. The switch assembly  64  is configured for use between an electrical outlet and a CPAP machine  14  air pump. The switch assembly  64  is provided to add additional readiness to the CPAP machine  14  to avoid delays to the user. By way of example, the switch assembly  64  is configured to simplify the control of electricity to the CPAP machine  14 . 
         [0079]    Referring now to  FIGS. 9 and 10 , an oxygen port  74  is depicted for use with the CPAP machine  14 . The oxygen port  74  is configured to be fluidly coupled to the air hose  16  between members  64  and  76 . The oxygen port  74  includes input port  70 . Oxygen can be coupled to the air hose  16  at oxygen port  74  and enter through input port  70 . When the oxygen port  74  is not in use, the input port  70  can be capped with cap  72 . 
         [0080]    Referring now to  FIG. 11 , the mask assembly  12  of the CPAP system  10  is depicted in greater detail and in this embodiment, further including an air insulation cuff  80 . The air insulation cuff  80  is comprised of non-porous foam in at least one embodiment. The air insulation cuff  80  is disposed upon the pillowed, non-collapsible air cushion  28  on a side most proximate to placement upon the patient&#39;s face. The air insulation cuff  80  provides additional comfort and conformity to the shape and contours of the patient&#39;s face. 
         [0081]    Referring now to  FIG. 12 , a headgear assembly  82  is depicted. In addition to harness  32  already disclosed, the headgear assembly  82  also includes a headgear frame, with which to couple the airway interface mask to the patient&#39;s head. The headgear frame includes a first band  83  for placement about the top portion of the patient&#39;s head, from first ear to back of head, to second ear, to forehead, and back to the first ear. The first band  83  includes a first tension adjustment knob  84  disposed upon the first band  83  at the back of the head position to tighten or loosen the tension within the headgear frame along the first band. 
         [0082]    In at least one embodiment, the headgear assembly  82  also includes a second band  81  disposed upon the headgear frame for placement about the top portion of the patient&#39;s head, from first ear to second ear over the top most portion of the head. The second band  81  includes a second tension adjustment knob  84  disposed upon the second band  81  to tighten or loosen the tension within the headgear frame along the second band. 
         [0083]    Referring now to  FIG. 13 , a dome cap  86  is depicted. The dome cap  86  is disposed upon the first tension adjustment knob  84  to aid in the prevention of unwanted head rolls while the patent is sleeping, thereby to keep the patient&#39;s head facing one direction and not on the backside. Alternative shapes and sizes are utilized in various embodiments. 
         [0084]    Referring now to  FIG. 14 , a cushion  90  is depicted. The cushion  90  is disposed upon the air insulation cuff  80  on a side most proximate to the patient&#39;s face to provide additional comfort and conformity to the shape and contours of the patient&#39;s face particularly over the bridge of the nose of the patient. In at least one embodiment, the cushion  90  is adhered to the air insulation cuff  80  with an adhesive. In at least one embodiment, the cushion  90  is formed of a plastic gel. 
         [0085]    In operation, and by way of example, the CPAP system  10 , as disclosed and claimed, can be utilized by the following methods steps:
       utilizing a mask assembly;   placing the mask assembly over the mouth and nose;   moving the mask assembly for proper placement to ensure no air leaks and to distribute the pressure of the air pillow on the face of the wearer;   utilizing a mask harness;   securing the mask assembly to the wearer with the harness; and   actuating the air pump CPAP machine.       
 
         [0092]    Additional method steps can include:
       utilizing a swivel in the air hose at the point of connectivity with the CPAP machine air pump;   utilizing a swivel in the air hose at the point of connectivity with the mask assembly and elbow partition;   utilizing an oxygen port within the air hose to optionally add oxygen into the air flow for the user;       
 
         [0096]    It will be apparent to those skilled in the art, after reading this disclosure, which methods steps disclosed can be performed simultaneously or in a different order than that depicted, or omitted given the nature of a particular procedure. 
         [0097]    Although this technology has been illustrated and described herein with reference to preferred embodiments and specific examples thereof, it will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that other embodiments and examples can perform similar functions and/or achieve like results. All such equivalent embodiments and examples are within the spirit and scope of the invention and are intended to be covered by the following claims.