Abstract:
A network may receives tracking information of various emergency services personnel, so that when a security breach has occurred at a residence or place of business, the network receives a surveillance profile from a home computer that is disposed where the detector is located, and dispatch the most geographically appropriate emergency services personnel as determined based on the tracking information. The surveillance profile may include its address, location within the residence of place of business, and a physical description or layout of the premises in which the sensor is located. Then, a verification protocol is initiated by calling a predetermined sequence of telephone numbers set by the subscriber to the security system. Dispatching of the appropriate emergency services personnel includes the network accessing a security platform database to find corresponding emergency services personnel to respond to the detected security breach in accordance with the information received in the surveillance profile.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
   This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/978,153, filed Oct. 16, 2001 and allowed as of Jul. 28, 2003 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,693,530. 

   FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
   The invention relates to home security systems, including the detecting of security and safety breaches, remote monitoring thereof, and the dispatching of the proper authorities in response to a security and/or safety breach. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   Many security systems include multiple video cameras, motion detectors, heat sensors, as well as various door and window traps that have been placed in a building structure by a security company or security system vendor. Such a building structure may include, but is in no way limited to, houses, apartment buildings, hotels, office buildings, and stores. The video cameras, motion detectors, heat sensors, and door and window traps, which may be referred to generally as “security equipment”, may be monitored by personnel of the security company who are located at a central station. 
   That is, as shown in the example of  FIG. 4 , a security system may include security equipment  405 , shown generically, which may include video cameras, motion detectors, heat sensors and door and window traps that are disposed throughout a building structure  400 , which may include either of a residence or a place of business. The present description will refer to a residence, though there are very minor differences, if any, between a security system for a residence and any of the other exemplary building structures mentioned above, and therefore the terms may be used interchangeably for the purposes of the present invention. 
   In the residence  400  of  FIG. 4 , the security equipment  405  is connected, via a telecommunications network  415 , to a central station  420  of the security system provider where security system personnel  425  monitor the individual residential security systems. 
   Thus, if a security breach is detected, such as a break-in, burglary or fire, in addition to triggering a local alarm to alert the occupants of the security breach, the security equipment  405  transmits an alarm signal to the security system central station  420  via the telecommunications network  415 . The detection signal that is received by the security system central station  420 , and that is monitored by the security company personnel  425 , includes an indication of whether the security breach is a break-in or fire. Further, in the event of a break-in, the detection signal may further indicate the “zone” in which the break-in has occurred. That is, the detection signal may indicate in which room or location the break-in has occurred, and may even further indicate which door or window has been detected as being breached. 
   At the security system central station  420 , the monitoring personnel  425  may then begin a verification protocol, which may include calling a telephone line  410  at the residence  400  from which the alarm originated. This “call-back” enables the occupant to provide a predetermined personal security code, thereby assisting the security monitoring personnel  425  in determining whether an actual security breach has occurred or whether the security equipment has triggered a false alarm. In the event of a false alarm, then the security breach alarm received at the security system central station  420  is disregarded. 
   In the event that there is no answer at the residence from which the alarm originated, or an incorrect security code is provided in response to the call back, the security system monitoring personnel  425  may then dispatch the local authorities, or emergency services EMS  430 , relative to the geographic location of the residence from which the alarm originated, and then continue the verification protocol. That is, in the event that the received detection signal indicates a break-in, the security system monitoring personnel  425  will dispatch the police department for the jurisdiction of the residence from which the alarm originated, and in the event that the received detection signal indicates a fire, the security monitoring personnel will dispatch the fire department for the jurisdiction of the residence from which the alarm originated. The verification protocol continues whereby the security monitoring personnel continue attempts to reach the owner of the residence by calling a sequence of telephone numbers that have been predetermined. The predetermined sequence of telephone numbers may include in no set order, but in no way limited to, the owner&#39;s cell phone, place of business, or even a friend or relative&#39;s phone number. The security company monitoring personnel will exhaust the telephone numbers in the predetermined sequence, even though the authorities have already been dispatched. 
   However, due to a variety of reasons, including the intense pressure that may accompany the job, security system monitoring personnel often forego the verification protocol and proceed immediately to dispatching the local authorities, including either the local police department or fire department. As a result, police and firefighting personnel have been dispatched in response to false alarms, thus squandering civic resources and needlessly placing citizens in peril who are in actual need of such services. There is even a further cost, whereby actual emergency situations may go unattended if emergency services have been previously dispatched to a false alarm that has not been properly canceled. The increase in false alarms incurs a financial cost to both the residential owner who must pay a civil penalty for false alarms over a predetermined threshold (three, for example) within a one-year period and to taxpayers in general who bear the burden of mis-allocated resources. 
   Further aggravating the situation, often times the monitoring security service personnel dispatch the improper authorities, whereby police have been dispatched for a fire emergency or a local fire department dispatched for a police emergency. Further still, many instances have occurred in which police or firefighting personnel from the wrong jurisdiction have been dispatched, thus compromising the response time to an actually emergency situation. 
   At least as far as the security companies, or security service vendors, are concerned, many dissatisfied customers respond to the exemplary shortcomings described above by canceling their residential security services or by switching their residential security provider. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   Therefore, the present invention provides a novel network method for administrating a security system for residences and places of business which substantially eliminates the errors and delays in response times described above that are associated with most present-day security systems. In particular, the present invention provides a network-based administration of security systems by eliminating the respective security company monitoring stations and implementing a network, having a security platform, that works in cooperation with home computers for respective residences and places of business. That is, the network has multiple security platforms, and each security platform is scalable to accommodate multiple security system vendors. Further, each security platform implements an intelligent database. 
   In an example embodiment of the present invention, the platform corresponding to a respective security system vendor may receive tracking information for various emergency services personnel, including police and fire fighting personnel, either as the individual personnel register their locations with the network while on duty or by tracking the individual personnel using positioning technology including, but not limited to, GPS (global positioning system). The tracking information may even include registration information for the headquarters for local police departments, fire departments and emergency medical services, i.e., paramedics. 
   When a security breach, which may include, but is not limited to, a break-in or a fire, has occurred at a residence or place of business that subscribes to the services of the respective security system vendor, the security platform may receive a surveillance profile from a computer that is disposed at the residence or place of business at which the security breach has been detected. The computer serves as a database for all video cameras, motion detectors, heat detectors, window and door traps and any other security equipment located on the premises of the respective residence or place of business, and stores therein a surveillance profile for all local security equipment. Thus, when a security breach is detected, a detection signal is transmitted from the respective security equipment to the computer, and is then further transmitted, by network interface device (NID), to the network and the security platform. 
   The surveillance profile may include, but is not limited to, the type of sensor, registration information of the individual sensor, which may pertain to its address, location within the residence or place of business, and a physical description or layout of the premises in which the sensor is located. The type of sensor may include, but is not limited to, a video camera, a motion detector, a heat detector, and window or door trap. Most alarms received from the individual motion and heat detectors will also be accompanied by picture images provided by corresponding security video cameras. 
   After receiving the surveillance profiles from the computer on behalf of the security equipment that has detected a security breach, a verification protocol may be initiated. However, unlike conventional security system monitoring systems as described above, the present invention eliminates a security company central station, thus substantially eliminating human error which is a predominant cause of false alarms and the dispatching of inappropriate emergency services personnel. In particular, the intelligent database at the security platform may implement a subscriber verification protocol by calling a predetermined telephone number that has been previously submitted by the subscriber to the respective security system vendor. This predetermined telephone number may be supplemented, or even replaced by, an electronic-mail (e-mail) message to an internet protocol (IP) address corresponding to the computer that has initially reported the detected security breach. The subscriber verification telephone call or e-mail may include an automated request for a predetermined security code. A voice recognition program in the security platform may receive a verbal response to the automated request, and the intelligent database at the security platform may then compare the received response against the predetermined security code, which is stored in the intelligent database at the security platform. Similarly, an e-mail response to the automated response may be compared against the predetermined security code at the intelligent database. Upon receiving the predetermined security code, the intelligent database may deem the security breach to have been inadvertent, or a “false alarm”, and thereby terminate all emergency protocol. However, if there is no response to the automated request for the predetermined security code, or if the party responding to the automated request is unable or even unwilling to provide the predetermined security code, then the database may then transmit the security breach information to the proper authorities, to thereby dispatch the appropriate emergency services personnel. 
   The subscriber verification protocol described above is more appropriate for burglary, or break-in, emergencies. That is, most security systems, including the present invention, may disregard the verification protocol for detected fire emergencies since time is of the essence in such actual emergencies. However, for both break-in type and fire emergencies, after the appropriate emergency services personnel have been dispatched, the intelligent database at the security platform of the present invention may then implement a notification protocol. The notification protocol may include the intelligent database at the security platform calling a predetermined sequence of telephone numbers, which may be supplemented or even replaced by an automated e-mail message to at least one IP address, which have been submitted to the security system in advance by the subscriber to the security system. The calls, or automated e-mail messages, may proceed until either a designated party is reached or the sequence of calls has been exhausted. An answering party, or even answering machine or service, to such automated telephone calls may receive an automated message that includes the time of the emergency at the corresponding address, and further include the type of emergency and a notification that the proper emergency services personnel have been dispatched and the time of such dispatch. 
   The step of dispatching of the appropriate emergency services personnel may include the intelligent database at the security platform finding corresponding emergency services personnel to respond to the detected security breach. The appropriate emergency services personnel, including those from a local police department or fire department in the jurisdiction of the residence or place of business in which the security breach has occurred, are those whose tracking information matches the address that is included in the received surveillance profile. Then, the intelligent database at the security platform may instruct the network to route a call to the matched emergency services personnel. 
   Thus, the present invention utilizes a smart network to administer security systems for residences and places of business that substantially eliminate false alarms and dispatches the most appropriate personnel for expeditiously responding to detected security breaches. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The foregoing and a better understanding of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of example embodiments and the claims when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, all forming a part of the disclosure of this invention. While the foregoing and following written disclosure focus on disclosing example embodiments of this invention, it should be clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and the invention is not limited thereto. The spirit and scope of the present invention are limited only by the terms of the appended claims. 
       FIG. 1  shows a schematic diagram of a security system according to an example embodiment of the present invention. 
       FIG. 2  shows an example of flow chart processing for the example embodiment of the present invention. 
       FIG. 3  shows another example of flow chart processing according to another example embodiment of the present invention. 
       FIG. 4  shows a prior art security system. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
   Before beginning a detailed description of the invention, it should be noted that, when appropriate, like reference numerals and characters may be used to designate identical, corresponding or similar components in differing figure drawings. Further, in the detailed description to follow, example embodiments and values may be given, although the present invention is not limited thereto. 
     FIG. 1  shows an example embodiment of the present invention, including a home security system and network administrator. The security system is located in a building structure  100 , which may interchangeably be a residence or a place of business. Though for the sake of the present description, reference will be made to residence  100 . 
   A home security system  1  may be located in residence  100  and include a computer  5 ; detectors  10   a  and  10   b , which may include motion detectors and heat sensors; security video cameras  15   a  and  15   b ; and network interface device (NID)  30 , as well as various window and door traps (not shown). The security cameras  15 , detectors  10 , as well as the door and window traps, may be more generically referred to, at times, as “security equipment” since they are the more visible features of a residential security system, and they are what physically detects a breach, or threat, to security in the residence  100 . 
   Further, the security cameras  15  and the detectors  10   a  and  10   b , as well as the window and door traps, of which there is no limit of the quantity thereof within a given residence, may have a registered surveillance profile within the memory of the local computer  5 . That is, all security equipment may have a respective serial number and location registered in the local computer  5 . The location may include the wing, floor, and room in which the equipment is respectively located. 
   Further still, particularly with regard to the detectors  10 , the registered surveillance profiles for the respective security equipment may also include a physical description of the room in which the equipment is located. For example, the registered surveillance profile of the respective security equipment may indicate that a detector is located in the hobby room that is on the second floor in the east wing of the residence, wherein paint supplies are stored in the closet. Such information, which may be provided to emergency services personnel, including the local fire department, as will be described further below, may be crucial in planning to react to a fire emergency, since the layout and contents, such as hazardous materials, of a room may pose special problems, including toxic fumes, the threat of explosion and/or increased temperatures. 
   In addition, the local computer  5  may receive a constant stream of video images from each of the video security cameras  15 , whereby such video images are stored in a temporary memory. At the time of a detected security breach, as described further below, the received video images may be time-stamped and transmitted to a security system network. 
   The residential security system may further include a NID  30 , which may provide the local computer  5  with a broadband, always-on connection to security system network  35 . Within the residence  100 , the local computer may be connected to the NID  30  via a digital subscriber loop (DSL) or cable model connection  25 . The NID  30  may also connect the telephone line  20  within the residence  100  to the local exchange carrier (LEC) (not shown). 
   Furthermore, administering a security system in the event of an emergency, as described below, requires the preliminary steps of a user pre-registering a sequence of telephone numbers, which may also include a list of IP addresses for e-mail notification, that are to be called in the event of an emergency. These telephone numbers may include numbers at which the occupant(s) of a residence  100  may be reached or the numbers at which friends or relatives of the occupant(s) may be reached in the event of the occupant&#39;s absence at the time of the detected security breach. 
   The administration of the security system may be performed by a combination of the network  35 , which may be referred to as an ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) backbone, and the security system platform  40 , which is on the network  35  and includes an intelligent database  42 . The network  35  may include multiple security system platforms  40 , and each platform is scalable to accommodate multiple security system vendors. 
   The example embodiment of  FIG. 1  will be further explained in the context of a fire emergency, following the flow chart processing of  FIG. 2 , though neither the example embodiment nor the present invention is limited in any way to the following example description. Further, for the purposes of the present invention, it is submitted that an understanding of the operation of heat sensors would be known to one of ordinary skill in the art, and therefore such description is not included in the disclosure of the present invention. 
   As shown in conjunction with  FIG. 2 , the administration of a security system in the event of an emergency may include a first step  200  in which emergency services personnel may register their location with the security system platform  40  using a communication device  45 . Step  200  may include, as examples, a policeman using a handheld or otherwise mobile terminal  45  to register the geographical parameters of her patrol, or a firehouse registering a change of personnel using a local terminal, which may otherwise be referred to as a personal computer (PC)  45   a . Step  200  may further include a satellite-based tracking system  50 , including GPS, that may register the location of its personnel who are handling a mobile terminal  45 . For implementation of the present invention, mobile terminal  45  may include, as examples only, a digital/cellular/packet device, a laptop computer, or a portable digital assistant (PDA). 
   In the event of a fire emergency in the residence  100 , for example, step  205  may include heat sensor  10   a  detecting an increase of heat, indicative of a fire, in the room that heat sensor  10   a  and security video camera  15   a  are located. The heat sensor  10   a  may then send a fire detection signal to the computer  5 , further in step  205 , either by wired connection in the residence  100   a  or by a wireless connection (not shown), which may also include a bluetooth connection. Step  210 , which may also occur simultaneously with step  205 , may include the computer  5  capturing still and video images of the room from video security camera  15   a , which is in the same room as the detecting sensor  10   a , whereby the still and video images are time-stamped at the time that the detection signal was received at the computer  5  from the heat sensor  10   a.    
   Upon receiving the fire detection signal from the heat sensor  10   a , the computer  5  may then, in step  215 , access the surveillance profile of sensor  10   a  that has been stored therein, which may indicate, for example, that sensor  10   a  is a heat sensor that is located on the second floor in the third room to the right beneath the chimney, as shown in the example of  FIG. 1 , and may further describe the layout and/or contents of the room. 
   The computer  5  may then transmit the alarm signal originating from sensor  10   a , the corresponding surveillance profile and the captured and time-stamped still and video images over the DSL/cable modem connection  25  to the NID  30 , in step  220 , which may then transmit both the alarm signal and surveillance profile to the security platform  40  on the network  35 . The intelligent database  42  at the security system platform  40  may store the registration information, and therefore step  225  may include a database lookup to match the received surveillance profile of all security equipment in residence  100 , all of which includes the street address of residence  100 , with the nearest available fire department, which was registered in step  200 . 
   Step  230  may include the security system platform  40  initiating an automated call from the intelligent database  42  to the matched fire department by calling the registered terminal  45  and/or another appropriate emergency medical services  55 . Such call to terminals  45  and/or  55  may be implemented by the intelligent database  42  routing the transmission to a corresponding registered IP address. It is noted that the connection to the terminals  45  and/or  55  may include a DSL, cable, or other broadband connection. 
   The automated network call to the fire department, at step  235 , may include the surveillance profile, which includes, for example, the street address of the residence  100 , the room location of the detecting sensor  10   a , still and video images from the security video camera  15   a , and even the physical layout of the room in which the sensor  10   a  and security video camera  15   a  are located. 
   Once the proper emergency services personnel, in this case the local fire department, have been dispatched to the fire emergency at residence  100 , the intelligent database  42  at the security system platform  40  may then begin a protocol to contact the occupant(s) of residence  100  to either verify the emergency or notify them of the emergency. Thus, in step  240 , the intelligent database  42  may place automated calls to the home telephone number  20  for verification of the fire emergency. If there is no answer at telephone number  20 , a sequence of telephone numbers that have been pre-registered in the intelligent database  42  at the security system platform  40  by the security system subscriber for the residence  100 , may be automatically dialed until either an answer is received or the list of telephone numbers is exhausted without an answer. Upon receiving an answer, an automated message may be played to the answering party, as in step  245 . The automated message, stored in a database at the security system platform  40 , may indicate, for example, the type of emergency that was detected, the address of the residence, and the time that the emergency was detected. 
   The network protocol is similar in the event of a break-in/burglary in residence  100 . In the following description, the security breach will be referred to as a “break-in”, though the description is applicable to burglary and any other unlawful entry into the internal or even external premises of residence  100 . Further, the description will continue to make reference to  FIG. 1 , as well as the flow chart of  FIG. 3 . In the following description, the sensors  10   a  and  10   b , which are not limited in quantity, will be referred to as “motion detectors”  10   a  and  10   b , since heat sensors and motion detectors may be located in close proximity to each other or even be integrated in single units of security equipment, though the present invention is not directed towards the implementation thereof. It is noted that a break-in in accordance with the following description may also be detected by various window and door traps (not shown). 
   As shown in  FIG. 3 , a first step  300  may include the emergency services personnel, which may include police or even private security, registering their respective locations with the security system network platform  40  using a communication device  45 . As set forth above with regards to step  200 , step  300  may also include, as examples, a policeman using a handheld or otherwise mobile terminal  45  to register the geographical parameters of her patrol, or even a police precinct registering a change of personnel using a local terminal PC  45   a . For implementation of the present invention, mobile terminal  45  may include, as examples only, a digital/cellular/packet device, a laptop computer, or a portable digital assistant (PDA). For the purposes of the present invention, it is submitted that an understanding of the operation of motion detectors would be known to one of ordinary skill in the art, and therefore such description is not included in the disclosure of the present invention. 
   At the time a break-in, step  305  may include a motion detector  10   a  detecting movement within its perimeter of detection in the room that the motion detector  10   a  and security video camera  15   a  are located. Further in step  305 , the motion detector  10   a  may then send a detection signal to the computer  5  either by wired connection or wireless connection, which may also include a bluetooth connection. Step  310 , which may occur simultaneously with step  305 , may include the computer  5  capturing still and video images of the room from the video security camera  15   a , whereby the still and video images have been time-stamped at the time that detection signal is received at the computer  5  from the motion detector  10   a.    
   Upon receiving the detection signal from the motion detector  10   a , the computer  5  may then, in step  315 , access the surveillance profile of the motion detector  10   a  that has been stored therein, which also may indicate, for example, that sensor  10   a  is a motion detector that is located on the second floor in the third room to the right beneath the chimney, as shown in the example of  FIG. 1 , and may further describe the layout and/or contents of the room. 
   The computer  5  may then transmit the alarm signal originating from motion detector  10   a , the corresponding surveillance profile and the captured and time-stamped still and video images over the DSL/cable modem line  25  to the NID  30 , in step  320 , which may then transmit both the alarm signal and surveillance profile to the security system platform  40  on the network  35 . The security system platform  40  may include intelligent database  42  that may store the registration information. Thus, step  325  may include intelligent database  42  performing a match of the received surveillance profile of all security equipment in residence  100 , all of which includes the street address of residence  100 , with the nearest available emergency service personnel, including police and/or private security, which was registered in step  300 . 
   Step  330  may then include the intelligent database  42  initiating a contact protocol to contact the occupants of the residence  100  to either verify or notify them of the break-in. Thus, in step  330 , the intelligent database  42  may place an automated call to a home telephone number  20  as well as, or in the alternative, sending an e-mail notification request to the IP address of computer  5 , whereby the e-mail notification may include at least one of a textual alert message and an audio alert message. Both the automated telephone call and e-mail notification request may include an automated message requesting an authorized security code that has been pre-registered in the intelligent database  42  of the security system platform  42 . If there is no reply to the communication initiated at step  330 , the protocol proceeds to step  345 , which may include the intelligent database  42  of the security system network platform  40  placing an automated call to the police or security personnel, at either of terminals  45  or  55 , that are deemed to be closest to residence  100  based upon a matching of the registered location of the emergency services personnel and the received surveillance profile. 
   However, if step  335  includes an answer on the receiving end of telephone line  20  or a response at the IP address of computer  5  in response to the communication initiated at step  330 , the protocol may proceed to step  340  which may include the intelligent database  42  at platform  40  checking the received security code against the pre-registered security code. If the security code received at step  343  in response to the request at step  340  matches the pre-registered security code, the security breach may be considered to be a false alarm and the emergency protocol may be terminated at step  360 . 
   However, if the security code received at step  343  does not match the pre-registered security code, or if no security code is received at all, then the protocol may proceed to step  345 , described above. The automated call to the nearest police personnel, by calling mobile terminal  45   a , may include the surveillance profile of motion detector  10   a , which includes the street address of the residence  100 , the room location of motion detector  10   a , time-stamped still and video images from the security video camera  15   a , and even the physical layout of the room in which the motion detector  10   a  and security video camera  15   a  are located. Further, a call may be made to either of terminals  45  or  55 , the call including a transmission to a pre-registered IP address corresponding to the respective terminals, over a DSL, cable or other high-speed, broadband connection. 
   Once the proper emergency services personnel, in this case the nearest police or security personnel, have been dispatched to the break-in at residence  100 , the intelligent database  42  of the security system platform  40  may then resume attempts to contact the occupants of residence  100  to notify them of the emergency. Thus, in step  350 , the intelligent database  42  may place automated calls to a sequence of secondary telephone numbers that have been pre-registered in the intelligent database  42  at the security system platform  40  by the security system subscriber for the residence  100 . The sequence of secondary telephone numbers may be automatically dialed until either an answer is received or the list of telephone numbers is exhausted without an answer. Upon receiving an answer, an automated message may be played to the answering party at step  355 . The automated message, stored in the intelligent database  42  at the security system platform  40 , may indicate, for example, the type of emergency that was detected, the address of the residence, and the time that the break-in was detected. The list of secondary telephone contacts may be supplemented, or even replaced, with a list of secondary IP addresses, with the notifications being sent in the form of an automated e-mail message. The emergency protocol is then ended at step  360 . 
   In accordance with the spirit of the present invention, the administration of a security system, as described above, may be implemented by a single network that services multiple agent platforms for multiple security service providers. Such implementation depends on capacity of the network, however. Thus, the security service providers may eliminate central monitoring stations that are vulnerable to human error, as described in the Background of the Invention, to thereby reduce costs of monitoring and further improve reliability of the security system. 
   While the invention has been described with respect to specific examples including presently preferred modes of carrying out the invention, those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are numerous variations and permutations of the above described systems and techniques that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.