Abstract:
An integrated double sided metal supported display device has a green tape stack on both sides of the metal support. The green tape stacks incorporate circuitry and conductor filled vias to access the circuitry electrically on each green tape layer. The metal support has a plurality of openings to access both of the green tape stacks. These openings are made by forming the openings in the metal support, filling them with a dielectric that has a thermal coefficient of expansion close to that of the metal support, forming an opening in the dielectric and filling the opening with a conductive ink.

Description:
This application claims the priority date of Provisional application Ser. No. 60/077,367 filed on Mar. 9, 1998. 
     This invention relates to an improved method for making plasma display devices. More particularly, this invention relates to a method for making double-sided metal supported plasma display devices. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Plasma display devices include a front panel and a back panel, both typically made of inexpensive float or sodalime window glass. Electrical connections and structures are formed on one or both of the panels. For example, the back panel may have a ribbed structure so that the space between these ribs defines a pixel or column of pixels. Plasma displays operate by selectively exciting an array of glow discharges in a confined noble gas mixture, such as He-Xe or Ne-Xe gas mixtures, to produce UV light. Full color displays are made by depositing alternating blue, green and red phosphors in the pixel cells. The phosphors in each pixel cell are excited by the UV light and emit light of the desired color at each pixel position. 
     The plasma display back panel further has a plurality of parallel, spaced, column electrodes on a surface, with the barrier ribs projecting above and between the column electrodes. The column electrodes required for the display devices are deposited onto a green tape. A plurality of green tapes can also be embossed to form the rib structures on which the phosphors can be deposited to form the pixels. Vias can also be formed in the green tapes by filling them with a conductor ink which provides an electrical connection between the circuits and electronics on the various green tape layers. Drive electronics for the pixels are mounted along the edges of the display. The barrier ribs can also act as spacers between the back panel and a front panel. In a typical display, the barrier ribs are 0.1 to 0.2 mm in height, 0.03 to 0.2 mm wide and have a pitch of 0.1 to 1.0 mm. A support plate underlies the display and provides additional mechanical strength. The support plate can be made of metal, e.g., titanium. 
     The front panel also includes an array of parallel spaced row electrodes orthogonal to the column electrodes. A layer of glass covers the row electrodes, and a layer of MgO covers the glass layer. A glass frit is used to form a vacuum-tight seal between the front and back panels of the display, confining the noble gases inside the display. 
     Voltages are selectively applied to the electrodes to excite, maintain and extinguish a plasma in the gas between the barrier ribs. Green tape layers and embedded circuitry are made from materials that, after densification into ceramics, have a thermal coefficient of expansion (hereinafter TCE) that is matched to that of the metal support. The TCE of the ceramic/metal composite matches that of the front panel. 
     A prior art metal supported plasma display device is illustrated in FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 1 is a cut-away side plan view taken along a line of a row electrode of the display. The display includes a back panel  10  which includes a metal support sheet  12  and a laminated and embossed green tape stack structure  14  which includes circuitry and which, when embossed, forms the barrier ribs  16  for the display. Embedded in the green tape structure  14  are the column electrodes  20 . Above each electrode  20 , on the surface of the embossed region of the green tape stack  14 , are the alternating phosphors  18  which are excited selectively to emit red, green or blue light. A glass frit seal  24  seals the front glass panel  22  to the back panel  10 . Drive electronics  26  drive the display. 
     In making plasma display devices, it would be desirable to be able to mount the electronic devices needed to address the pixels and to drive the display on the same support board. Unless there is already sufficient space on the sides of the display, in order to do this, a second set of green tape layers would need to be adhered to the backside surface of the metal support board. These green tapes would carry or embed the various interconnects and electronic devices required, solderable pads and the like. In such case, a plurality of feedthrough holes would also need to be made in the support board and filled with a conductive material to permit electrical connections to the circuits and interconnects of the green tapes on both sides of the board. The conductors in the feedthrough holes must be electrically insulated, as with a dielectric material, from the metal plate. 
     In the past, openings or holes were drilled in the metal support board. A layer of a dielectric was applied to line the openings, and then fired. These dielectric lined openings were then filled with a conductor ink, and fired again. Thus multiple firing steps were employed to form the required conductive feedthrough holes. 
     It would be desirable to be able to make integrated double sided metal supported display devices using fewer manufacturing steps. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     We have found a process whereby after forming openings in a metal support substrate, the openings are completely filled with a dielectric plug. A hole is then formed in the plug, and the hole is filled with a conductor ink composition. This method reduces the number of firing steps required to make double sided metal supported display devices. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
     FIG. 1 is a side plan cut-away view taken along one row of a prior art plasma display device. 
     FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of an integrated flat panel plasma display device having circuitry on both sides of a metal core support substrate made in accordance with the invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention will be described by referring to FIG. 2, which illustrates a typical integrated double sided metal supported plasma display device made in accordance with the invention. 
     The metal plate or support illustrated herein is titanium. Other metals can be used, but the composition of the glasses and conductor inks illustrated herein to make the display may require modification so that the TCE of the glasses and inks matches that of the metal support, and so that adhesion requirements between the metal core and the various materials that are co-fired thereto are satisfied. Thus the glasses and ink compositions described herein are chosen to have a TCE matched to that of titanium. 
     Suitable titanium sheets are available as commercially pure ASTM Grade  2  titanium sheet having a thickness of from about 0.005 to 0.040 inch. For a titanium test sheet 3 inches square, about 200 openings or feedthrough holes were made in the titanium sheet. 
     The invention will be explained referring to FIG.  2 . 
     Both surfaces of the titanium sheet support  100  are coated with a low firing temperature glaze  110  to ensure good adhesion between the titanium support  100  and other materials it is contacted to. A suitable bonding glaze layer  110  is made of a lead-based glass that will melt at temperatures of about 350-600° C. in air. A commercially available lead glaze, Hommel F-92 of O&#39;Hommel Co. is suitable, although other suitable low melt temperature glaze materials are known and can be substituted. 
     In accordance with the invention, suitable feedthrough hole openings  102  are formed in the titanium support  100  by punching, drilling or, preferably by etching the feedthrough openings  102  in the support  100 . 
     The feedthrough openings  102  are first completely filled with a dielectric plug  122  to isolate the feedthrough holes  102  from the titanium support  100 . The dielectric plug or insulator material  122  suitably is a green tape composition formed from a suitable glass composition as set forth below, one having a TCE matched to titanium and mixed with a solvent mixture. Such an insulator or dielectric composition can be made from 30-31 parts by weight of the glass, 1.91-2.91 parts of forsterite filler, 15.0 parts of a resin mixture and 1.0 part of a mixture of equal parts of a solvent mixture of lecithin and terpineol. This insulator composition can be screen printed onto the titanium, or an insulating tape can be made from the composition and forced into the feedthrough openings  102 . 
     After filling the feedthrough openings  102  with the dielectric plug  122 , a hole is drilled or punched through the dielectric filling  122  to provide openings in the dielectric layer  122 . These openings are then filled with a feedthrough conductor ink  124  to provide an electrical connection to the circuitry on both sides of the titanium support  100 . 
     This feedthrough conductor ink  124  must have good filling characteristics, i.e., be viscous enough to fill the openings without voids, and be able to withstand a firing step without shrinking away from the dielectric  122  lining the openings, or shrinking away from subsequently applied green tape stacks. Thus the shrinkage in the z direction must be minimized so as to produce a void-free feedthrough connection to the circuitry on both sides of the metal support  100 . 
     A first green tape stack  104  having conductive vias  106  therein, are made from one or more glasses chosen to have, after firing, a TCE matched to that of titanium. A bonding glaze layer  110  ensures that, after firing, good adhesion between the glazed support  100  and the green tape stacks  104  and  105  is obtained. 
     The first green tape stack  104  has screen printed circuitry on its surface layers (not shown). The green tape stack  105  further includes embedded interconnects  128  connected to conductive vias  106 . The vias  106  are filled with a conductor to electrically connect the circuits on the green tapes to each other and to the conductors in the titanium support  100 . The green tape stacks  104  and  105  are laminated under heat and pressure in known manner and aligned with the titanium support  100 . 
     A suitable green tape composition useful herein comprises 92-95 parts by weight of a Zn—Mg-borosilicate glass. This glass includes, in percent by weight, 20-40% of zinc oxide, 15-35% of MgO, 15-30% of boron oxide and 15-30% of silicon oxide. A preferred glass contains about 30 parts by weight of ZnO, 25 parts by weight of MgO, about 20 parts by weight of boron oxide and about 25 parts by weight of silicon oxide. A small amount, about 5-8 parts by weight, of a filler such as forsterite can be added also. The oxides are melted together and then ball milled to obtain finely divided glass particles. 
     The glass particles are admixed with a suitable organic vehicle, which can include a resin mixture and a solvent. The solvent, present at about 19.5 parts by weight, can be made from 846 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, 846 parts of ethanol and 112.5 parts of fish oil. The resin mixture, present in about 22.5 parts by weight, can be made from 620 parts each of methyl ethyl ketone and ethanol, 192 parts of Santicizer #160 available from Monsanto Corporation and 288 parts of Butvar B98 resin, also available from Monsanto Corporation. This composition is cast into green tape and cut into suitable sheets in known manner. 
     In order to connect the green tape circuits electrically, via holes are punched into the green tapes and filled with a via fill ink. This via fill ink can be the same as the conductor ink for filling openings formed in the titanium support, but other suitable via fill inks are known and can be substituted. 
     For example, a suitable via fill conductor ink comprises 23.34-23.50 parts by weight of silver powder available as “EG” from the Degussa Corporation, to which is added 9.32 to 9.50 parts by weight of a lead aluminosilicate glass having a particle size of about 4.0 microns. A suitable glass is made from about 50% of lead oxide, about 40% of silica and about 10% of alumina. A resin binder solvent mixture is made with 0.48 parts by weight of Hypermer PS2, a solvent available from ICI America Inc., 3.64 parts by weight of 8% ethyl cellulose binder having a molecular weight of 300 in butyl carbitol, 2.96 parts by weight of 25% Elvacite 2045 acrylic binder available from ICI Acrylics in terpineol; 1.48 parts by weight of Santicizer #160 and 0.58 part by weight of thixatrol, commercially available from RHEOX Company. This ink can be screen printed into via holes and the titanium board feedthrough openings. 
     Circuitry is applied to the surface of each green tape by screen printing a conductor ink thereon. Suitable surface conductor inks include from 23-25 parts by weight of a silver-palladium powder; from 3.88-4 parts by weight of a glass powder having a particle size of about 6 microns of a zinc-aluminosilicate glass. This glass comprises 35-50% of ZnO, 5-15% of alumina and 30-50% of silica. A preferred glass includes about 45.43% by weight of ZnO, about 11.38% by weight of alumina and about 43.19% by weight of silica. A like amount of a panel glass powder having a particle size of about 3 microns is also added such as #9061 Corning panel glass of Corning-Asahi Co. A small amount of copper powder can also be added, suitably about 0.18-0.22 parts by weight of Metz copper 10 available from the Degussa Corporation. 
     The glass and metal powders are ground and an organic vehicle comprising, in parts by weight, 9.4 parts of ethyl cellulose having a molecular weight of 300, 18.8 parts of ethyl cellulose having a molecular weight of 14, 133 parts of butyl carbitol and 88.8 parts of dodecanol. This conductor ink is mixed and screen printed onto green tapes. A plurality of the green tapes having the desired circuitry thereon are aligned and laminated together in conventional manner under heat and pressure. 
     After assembling the titanium support  100  prepared as above and the green tape stacks  104  and  105 , the co-laminated stack is fired at a temperature up to about 750-900° C., suitably in a belt furnace. After cooling, the top side of the titanium supported panel structure can be glazed to provide a very smooth surface. A commercially available glaze, NP7972, available from Noritake Co., Ltd. Japan, is suitable. This thin glaze layer  112  is post fired at about 550° C. in air. However, higher firing temperature glazes can be used if desired. Pixel elements  120  are formed over the green tape stack  104  and the glaze layer  112 . 
     The conductor paths  106  on the backside of the titanium board  100  are distributed by means of buried interconnects  128  between green tape layers. These interconnects are made by screen printing a buried conductor ink using a suitable mask onto the green tapes that form the stack  105 . A suitable buried conductor ink comprises 60 to 62 parts by weight of EG silver powder, 0.5-0.6 parts by weight of Metz copper 10, 12 parts by weight of the resin mixture used to make the surface conductor ink described above, and 0.9 part by weight of a 50:50 weight percent mixture of lecithin and terpineol. 
     The green tape layers  105  are laminated and aligned to the metal support board  100  and the whole structure is fired, generally at a temperature of about 750-950° C. 
     The bottom surface of the fired green tape  105  can be coated with conductive pads  130  to which various electronic components  132  can be attached, as by soldering. 
     The plasma display device is finally assembled by glass frit sealing the double sided titanium supported back panel to a front panel shown as  22  in FIG.  1 . 
     Although the invention has been described in terms of specific glasses, insulator, conductor inks and glazes for a titanium support board, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various substitutions for these materials can be made, providing the support board and other materials are TCE matched. Thus the present invention is only meant to be limited by the scope of the appended claims.