Abstract:
A connected and relatively pivotal two piece angular measuring device that will provide information and/or direct data or indicia to be used in setting mitre saw cutting angles for accurate placement of trim, molding, shelves, and the like.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/165,631, filed Nov. 15, 1999, entitled “Angular Measuring &amp; Saw Angle Setting Device.” 
    
    
     SUBJECT MATTER OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to the field of geometrical angular measuring to provide saw angular settings where parts, particularly in carpentry work, are to be joined. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     In carpentry work, a common problem in the cutting of trim, molding, shelves and the like, is that many times the angles are not what they are suppose to be. Especially is this true where there is an angular junction. That is, if an angle is suppose to be 90°, very often it is not. If the carpenter assumes it is 90, when it is, for example 87°, then when he cuts the connecting trim, etc., at 45° there will be an imperfect fit. Very often the carpenter has no convenient way to obtain the exact angle to provide the angular setting of a table or miter saw. Thus the carpenter usually ends up wasting much time, cutting and trying until the pieces fit. Any thing less than an experienced craftsman ends up with misfitting junctions. 
     There are many patented angle measuring devices, such as the well known “carpenter&#39;s square” and those shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 101,477; 726,973; 2,607,121; 3,009,250; 3,070,887; 4,481,720; 4,744,152; 4,901,444; 5,117,560; 5,187,877; 5,189,804; 5,539,991; and 5,669,149. U.S. Pat. No. 5,117,550 provides a means to obtain a reading for the setting of the Miter saw. However it is a two piece device, one for measuring the angle, the second, a protractor, for reading the actual angle and the required saw angle. The one used to measure the angle is placed, and bolted, into position upon the protractor. Such a device is cumbersome to use and, being two pieces, not always handy or lost on the job. 
     OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION 
     It is a primary object of this invention to provide a device for measuring the true corner angles in trim and other carpentry uses. 
     It is another object of this invention to provide a device for measuring the true angle in trim and other carpentry uses which provides information and/or read-out indicia of the proper sawing angle for trim, molding, shelving, etc. 
     It is another object of this invention to provide a device for measuring the true angle in preparing trim and other carpentry uses which provides inside and outside corner saw angle readings. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention is a pivotally connected two piece angular measuring device that will give the carpenter, no matter of what experience, the capabilities of measuring angles that have to be taken from a surface, an edge, or a corner, for a subsequent operation. The device has a scale that reads not only the whole or true actual angle, the bisected angle, andlor the actual saw angle. As such the device of this invention provides easy determination of a miter angle and setting for a miter saw. The device is particularly adaptable and easy to use for those working with door facing molding, wall trim, chair rail, cove molding, crown molding, book shelves, baseboard, and other joinery needs. It is also adaptable for other non-carpentry work and installation, such as plumbing, electrical conduit, etc, or anywhere that angular measurements are needed to achieve high standards of accuracy and precision. 
     In particular the preferred device of this invention will provide saw, such as miter saw, angle settings for trim carpentry work. The device comprises two pivotally connected arms. The first arm has an outer straight edge and a face upon which are first and second angular scale markings. These scales comprise radial markings on a segment of a circle. The first angular scale representing true angle of the position of the two outer straight edges relative to each other. The second angular scale represents the 180° complement of the true angle. 
     The second arm has an outer straight edge and a face upon which is a pointer means and angular scale markings that coincide with the angular scales on the first arm. The pivot point of the two arms defines the center point of the of the first and second radial scale markings. Means are provided to indicate to the carpenter the saw settings to achieve a properly fitted piece of trim. This may come in the form of actual indicia on the face of the first arm, or by way of calculation. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a top plan view of the assembled device of this invention. 
     FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the first arm of the device of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the second arm of the device of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 4 is a top plan view of another embodiment of this invention. 
     FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line  5 — 5  of FIG.  4 . 
     FIG. 6 is a partial view of an angular molding joint where the carpenter has used the wrong data. 
     FIG. 7 is a top plan view of an alternate embodiment for measuring outside true and saw angle settings. 
     FIG. 8 is an alternate embodiment for the lower arm wherein the exact saw settings are place on the face of the device. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Referring now to FIGS. 1-5, the device is comprised of two arm members, upper arm  10  and lower arm  12 . These members are pivoted to each other at  14 . Upper arm member  10  has an opening  16  (preferably beveled as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5) and a primary reading indicia, cursor or pointer  30  adjacent an upper scale  18  and a lower scale  20 , that follow the bevel surfaces of opening  16  for ease of reading scales  18  and  20  found on member  12 . The readable scale  18  represents the actual angle, from 70° to 110°, that is between straight edge  11  of arm  10  and straight edge  13  of arm  12 . Edge  21  (FIGS.  1 , 3 , and  4 ) of upper arm  10  is at an angle (FIG. 3) relative to a line normal or perpendicular to straight edge  11 . In this case that angle is 20°. 
     The center of pivot  14  is the center of radial scale graduations  17 ,  18 , and  20  which are placed on the segment of a circle. 
     The user will place the device in the area to be measured and read the angle through window  16 . He then reads the complementary angle on scale  20 . A skilled user will then know that the angle to set the miter saw blade will be ½ of the reading from scale  20 . 
     The device has other uses including pure angle measurements or linear measuring using the inch, or metric graduations found on the outer straight edges,  11  and  13 , of respective members  10  and  12 . 
     FIG. 4 is an diagrammatic view of a typical use of the invention in cutting inside corner molding pieces  45  and  47 , such as a baseboard or door face, where the rough carpentry of the base or door is not exactly square. For instance, the carpenter would then place the device of this invention in the inside corner as shown and read cursor or pointer  30  as an actual angle of 95 degrees. He would then read on scale  20  the compliment angle of 85 degrees. This would then advise the user of a miter saw setting of 42.5 degrees to satisfy the angle of the molding joint as shown in FIG.  4 . In this embodiment, the miter saw settings  23  are imprinted on the lower arm  12 , as shown. 
     FIG. 6 represents the results of joining corner molding  46  and  48  where many carpenters misread the proper miter joint saw angle. Many would read 95 degrees then divide that by ½ to arrive at an angle of 47.5 degrees. As a consequence the joint will never fit leaving a gap  40 . The molding is then usually cut and recut until it fits or, in many cases, filled with calk or plastic wood. To have an exact miter joint not only saves time but saves waste of expensive molding. 
     Referring now to FIG. 7, the embodiment is for measuring outside corner angle between straight edge  13  of lower member  12  and edge  50  of the member  52 . That angle is read via pointer  54  directly on scale  20 , scale  18  being of no use in this invention. As in the embodiments of this invention, the miter saw angle is one-half of the reading. 
     One modification of this invention, not shown, is the use of a digital, instead of analog, read-out of the angles shown. A form of digital reading means would transform the angular indicia  18  and/or  20  into electrical signals or representations along with a control and display unit for manipulating and subsequently recording and displaying the needed angles and miter saw data. Procedures, for instance taught in U.S. Pat. No. 5,027,526, using bar code imprinted on the member  12  and read by an optical reader on member  10 , or vice versa, are to be adapted to provide the necessary angular measurements and saw setting data as disclosed herein. 
     Other modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings and within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit and intended scope of the invention.