Abstract:
The present invention discloses methods, systems, and program code that enable a nonprofit organization to manage its fundraising activities online. Disclosed are methods and systems for providing online hosting of fundraising auctions, and auction services such as maintaining donor/bidder registries, bid tracking, processing credit cards, and auction closeout activities. Also disclosed are a plurality of on-line, web-based tools, including tools for: 1) building a customized homepage reflecting the look and feel of the nonprofit organization; 2) building a customized catalog that allows for easy addition of items and pictures; and 3) enhanced email messaging that lets a nonprofit organization reach its constituents. According to one aspect of the invention, individual auction items in the auction catalog or database may be combined into a single item to create a new ‘parent’ item with a parent item name and parent fair market value and which functions similar to other auction items.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS  
       [0001]     This application claims priority to two commonly assigned U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, the subject matter of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes, including the following: 
        U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/507,457, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CREATING AND CONDUCTING ON-LINE CHARITABLE FUND RAISING ACTIVITIES, filed Sep. 30, 2003 by inventors Gregory C. McHale and Carl Maib; and     U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/561,101, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CREATING AND CONDUCTING ON-LINE CHARITABLE FUND RAISING ACTIVITIES WITH COMPETITIVE EVENTS, filed Apr. 9, 2004 by inventors Gregory C. McHale and Carl Maib.        
 
         [0004]     In addition, this application is one of a plurality of U.S. utility applications filed on even date herewith and commonly assigned, the subject matters of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes, including the following: 
        U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CREATING AND CONDUCTING ON-LINE CHARITABLE FUND RAISING ACTIVITIES by inventors Gregory C. McHale and Carl Maib, attorney docket number C0017/7000; and     U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ entitled METHOD AND APPRATUS FOR CREATING A CATALOG FOR AN ON-LINE CHARITABLE AUCTION OR FUND RAISING EVENT by inventors Gregory C. McHale and Carl Maib, attorney docket number C0017/7003.        
 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
       [0007]     This invention relates to on line charitable fund raising events, such as on-line auctions, and the system and techniques for facilitating the creation and execution of such activities.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0008]     Publicly accessible wide area networks (WANs), such as the Internet and the World Wide Web, have transformed the manner in which transactions occur. Such transactions include not only business transactions but other activities, such as on-line auctions and charitable fund solicitation and giving. On-line auctions, such as those facilitated by eBay, provide venues for buyers and sellers to transact business in a complex, global virtual marketplace. Charities and not for profit organizations have also tapped the vast market potential of the Internet to reach a wider audience of potential donors. Specifically, web sites such as ePhilanthropyFoundation.com exist to foster the ethical and efficient use of the Internet for philanthropic purposes. Indeed, many charitable organizations allow on line users to donate money directly through a web site to the organization. However, many of the same charitable organizations continue to rely on traditional fundraising events such as telethons and walkathons to raise money at the local community level, without any significant assistance or interaction with on line tools or the local online community.  
         [0009]     Accordingly, the need exist for charitable organizations and not for profit entities to increase their presence in the global and local on-line marketplace and for techniques to enable fundraising events to combine and integrate various aspects of more traditional events.  
         [0010]     A further need exists for the ability to rapidly facilitate the creation of an on-line auction, including the requesting and solicitation of donated items or services, the approval of such items and the conduction of the on-line auction.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0011]     The present invention discloses methods, systems, and program code that enable a nonprofit organization to manage its fundraising activities online. The inventive system provides online hosting of fundraising auctions, and auction services such as maintaining donor/bidder registries, bid tracking, processing credit cards, and auction closeout activities. Also disclosed are a plurality of on-line, web-based tools, including tools for: 1) building a customized homepage reflecting the look and feel of the nonprofit organization; 2) building a customized catalog that allows for easy addition of items and pictures; and 3) enhanced email messaging that lets a nonprofit organization reach its constituents. The subject invention provides the tools and facilities for a nonprofit or charitable entity to create either a live or virtual auction event, compile lists of potential donor/bidder participants, create a catalog from donated items, combine individual donated items into aggregate item offerings, and facilitate on line viewing and bidding of the published catalog items in a manner that is efficient and capable of reaching the vast potential of the virtual online community for a particular cause.  
         [0012]     According to the invention, individual catalog items in the auction catalog/database may be combined into a single item to create a new ‘parent’ catalog entry with a combined item name and combined fair market value, and which functions similar to other auction objects. According to aspect of the invention, an inventive system, computer program and method allows an auction committee member of an organization to combine individual catalog items, entered into the catalog by the auction committee or via constituents, into a single item. For instance airfare, hotel, sightseeing items from various constituents can be combined into a single packaged offering. According to the inventive technique a committee member to select various items by creating a new ‘parent’ catalog entry with an item name and then selecting individual items and assigning them to the newly created name by selecting a combine item function and selecting the combined item name. As items are selected, the fair market values of the individual items are combined automatically to generate the fair market value of the combined item. In the illustrative embodiment, there is a drop-down menu or similarly enabled function that allows the committee member to see other items already entered into the catalog, allowing an item that is currently being edited to be added to a parent item. In the contemplated embodiment, all the standard auction options, e.g. enable online bidding, LastBid, etc., are available at the parent level. Any related donor links and logos are preserved and displayed at the parent level or new donor links and logos may be entered and edited at the parent level. Any restrictions and/or special instructions are maintained and combined into a single restriction/special instruction display associated with the combined parent package.  
         [0013]     According to a first aspect of the invention, in a computer system operatively connectable to a network and capable of communicating with one or more other processes operatively connectable to the network, a method comprises: (A) receiving data defining a first item to be offered in a charitable auction, the first item having a fair market value; (B) receiving data defining a second item to be offered in the charitable auction, the second item having a fair market value; and (C) receiving instructions to combine the first item and the second item into a composite item to be offered in the charitable auction as a single item, the composite item having a fair market value different from the fair market value of one of the first and second items.  
         [0014]     According to a second aspect of the invention, in a computer system operatively connectable to a network and capable of communicating with one or more other processes operatively connectable to the network, a method comprises: (A) maintaining data defining a plurality of objects representing items to be offered in a charitable auction, each of the plurality of objects having a plurality of parameters associated therewith; and (B) receiving instructions to combine selected of the plurality of the objects into a parent object representing a combination of items to be offered in the charitable auction as a single composite item, the parent object having a plurality of parameters associated therewith. In one embodiment, one of the parameters associated with each of the plurality of objects comprises a donor data record identifying a donor of the object and (B) comprises (B1) receiving instructions to combine the donor data records of the selected of the plurality of objects into a parent object donor data record associated with the parent object. In another embodiment, one of the parameters associated with each of the plurality of objects comprises a auction properties record and (B) comprises: (B1) combining the auction properties records of the selected of the plurality of objects into a parent object auction properties record associated with the parent object. In yet another embodiment, one of the parameters associated with each of the plurality of objects comprises a fair market value and (B) comprises: (B1) combining the fair market values of the selected of the plurality of objects into a parent object fair market associated with the parent object. In still another embodiment, one of the parameters associated with each of the plurality of objects comprises an image record and (B) comprises: (B1) combining the image records of the selected of the plurality of objects into a parent object image record associated with the parent object.  
         [0015]     According to third and fourth aspects of the invention, a computer program product and computer data signal embodied in a carrier wave, respectively, both for use with a computer system operatively connectable to a network and capable of communicating with one or more other processes operatively connectable to the network, the computer program product comprising a computer useable medium having embodied therein program code comprising: (A) program code for maintaining data defining a plurality of objects representing items to be offered in a charitable auction, each of the plurality of objects having a plurality of parameters associated therewith; and (B) program code for receiving instructions to combine selected of the plurality of the objects into a parent object representing a combination of items to be offered in the charitable auction as a single composite item, the parent object having a plurality of parameters associated therewith. In various embodiments, the invention further comprises program code for combining any of the donor data records, fair market value, auction properties and/or image data into a record associated with the parent auction object.  
         [0016]     According to a fifth aspects of the invention, in a computer system operatively connectable to a network and capable of communicating with one or more other processes operatively connectable to the network, an apparatus comprising: (A) program logic for maintaining data defining a plurality of objects representing items to be offered in a charitable auction, each of the plurality of objects having a plurality of parameters associated therewith; and (B) program logic for receiving instructions to combine selected of the plurality of the objects into a parent object representing a combination of items to be offered in a charitable auction as a single composite item, the parent object having a plurality of parameters associated therewith. In various embodiments, the apparatus further comprises program logic for combining any of the donor data records, fair market value, auction properties and/or image data into a record associated with the parent auction object.  
         [0017]     According to a sixth aspect of the invention, in a computer usable memory, a data structure for enabling selected of a plurality of component auction objects representing items in a charitable auction to be combined into a parent auction object representing a combination of items to be offered as a composite item in the charitable auction, each of the component auction objects having a plurality of parameters associated therewith, the data structure comprising: (A) data identifying the parent auction object representing a composite item; (B) data identifying a plurality of selected component auction objects that comprise the parent auction object; and (C) data identifying at least one parameter associated with the parent auction object. In various embodiments, the data structure further comprises data for identifying any of the donor data records, fair market value, auction properties and/or image data of the component option objects that comprise the parent auction object. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0018]     The above and further advantages of the invention may be better understood by referring to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:  
         [0019]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a computer system suitable for use with present invention;  
         [0020]      FIG. 2  is a conceptual block diagram of the elements of the inventive system in a network environment;  
         [0021]      FIG. 3  is a conceptual block diagram of the elements of the inventive system in accordance with present invention;  
         [0022]      FIG. 4  illustrates conceptually the logical organization of the various functional modules of the inventive system in accordance with present invention;  
         [0023]      FIG. 5  is a table illustrating an automatically generated timeline and activity list associated with an auction event in accordance with present invention;  
         [0024]     FIGS.  6 A-C are screen captures of the graphic user interface of the inventive system in accordance with the present invention;  
         [0025]     FIGS.  7 A-B are a flow diagram of the processes utilized in the inventive system for scheduling events in accordance with present invention;  
         [0026]     FIGS.  8 A-E are screen captures of the graphic user interface of the inventive system in accordance with the present invention;  
         [0027]     FIGS.  9 A-C are screen captures of the graphic user interface of the inventive system in accordance with the present invention;  
         [0028]      FIG. 10  is a flow diagram of the processes utilized in the inventive system for editing properties of donated items in accordance with present invention;  
         [0029]      FIG. 11  is a diagram of the processes utilized in the inventive system for combining plural items into a composite auction item in accordance with present invention;  
         [0030]      FIGS. 12-16  are screen captures of the graphic user interface of the inventive system in accordance with the present invention;  
         [0031]      FIGS. 17-21  are conceptual diagrams of the object records in memory and the interrelations therebetween in accordance with present invention;  
         [0032]      FIGS. 22-23  are screen captures of a user interface for editing and combining auction items in accordance with present invention; and  
         [0033]      FIG. 24  is a conceptual diagram of a donor page in accordance with present invention.  
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
       [0034]      FIG. 1  illustrates the system architecture for a computer system  100 , such as a Dell Dimension 8200, commercially available from Dell Computer, Dallas Tex., on which the invention can be implemented. The exemplary computer system of  FIG. 1  is for descriptive purposes only. Although the description below may refer to terms commonly used in describing particular computer systems, the description and concepts equally apply to other systems, including systems having architectures dissimilar to  FIG. 1 .  
         [0035]     The computer system  100  includes a central processing unit (CPU)  105 , which may include a conventional microprocessor, a random access memory (RAM)  110  for temporary storage of information, and a read only memory (ROM)  115  for permanent storage of information. A memory controller  120  is provided for controlling system RAM  110 . A bus controller  125  is provided for controlling bus  130 , and an interrupt controller  135  is used for receiving and processing various interrupt signals from the other system components. Mass storage may be provided by diskette  142 , CD ROM  147  or hard drive  152 . Data and software may be exchanged with computer system  100  via removable media such as diskette  142  and CD ROM  147 . Diskette  142  is insertable into diskette drive  141  which is, in turn, connected to bus  130  by a controller  140 . Similarly, CD ROM  147  is insertable into CD ROM drive  146  which is connected to bus  130  by controller  145 . Hard disk  152  is part of a fixed disk drive  151  which is connected to bus  130  by controller  150 .  
         [0036]     User input to computer system  100  may be provided by a number of devices. For example, a keyboard  156  and mouse  157  are connected to bus  130  by controller  155 . An audio transducer  196 , which may act as both a microphone and a speaker, is connected to bus  130  by audio controller  197 , as illustrated. It will be obvious to those reasonably skilled in the art that other input devices such as a pen and/or tablet and a microphone for voice input may be connected to computer system  100  through bus  130  and an appropriate controller/software. DMA controller  160  is provided for performing direct memory access to system RAM  110 . A visual display is generated by video controller  165  which controls video display  170 . In the illustrative embodiment, the user interface of a computer system may comprise a video display and any accompanying graphic use interface presented thereon by an application or the operating system, in addition to or in combination with any keyboard, pointing device, joystick, voice recognition system, speakers, microphone or any other mechanism through which the user may interact with the computer system.  
         [0037]     Computer system  100  also includes a communications adapter  190  which allows the system to be interconnected to a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), schematically illustrated by bus  191  and network  195 .  
         [0038]     Computer system  100  is generally controlled and coordinated by operating system software, such as the WINDOWS NT, WINDOWS XP or WINDOWS 2000 operating system, available from Microsoft Corporation, Redmond Wash. The operating system controls allocation of system resources and performs tasks such as process scheduling, memory management, and networking and I/O services, among other things. In particular, an operating system resident in system memory and running on CPU  105  coordinates the operation of the other elements of computer system  100 . The present invention may be implemented with any number of commercially available operating systems including OS/2, AIX, UNIX and LINUX, DOS, etc. One or more applications  220  may execute under control of the operating system. If operating system  210  is a true multitasking operating system, multiple applications may execute simultaneously.  
         [0039]     In the illustrative embodiment, the present invention may be implemented using object-oriented technology and an operating system which supports execution of object-oriented programs. For example, the inventive code module may be implemented using the Java programming environment from Sun Microsystems, Redwood, Calif.  
         [0040]     The Java programming language is rapidly emerging as the preferred OOP language for Internet and cross platform use because Java programs consist of bytecodes, which are architecture and operating system independent and can be sent over the Internet and other networks. The bytecode is actually executed on a particular platform by means of a “virtual machine” (VM) which allows a Java program to be run on any platform, regardless of whether the Java program was developed on, or for, the particular platform which attempts to run the Java program. Java bytecodes which arrive at the executing machine are interpreted and executed by the embedded VM.  
         [0041]     A complete Java program is known as an application, while a segment of Java code, which does not amount to a full application, but is reusable, is referred to as an “applet”. Java also includes a component model where a component is a self-contained object with a predefined interface. A component within Java is referred to as a “bean,” and includes such a defined interface. Java beans are used within applets and applications and a programmer need not know the internal structure of the Java bean to use it, he need only know the interface. Since Java is well-suited to operation over networks, the following description of the illustrative embodiment is directed toward the Java programming language. However, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the invention could be implemented for other OOP languages as well, e.g. C++.  
         [0042]     As will be understood by those skilled in the art, Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) techniques involve the definition, creation, use and destruction of “objects”. These objects are software entities comprising data elements, or attributes, and methods, or functions, which manipulate the data elements. The attributes and related methods are treated by the software as an entity and can be created, used and deleted as if they were a single item. Together, the attributes and methods enable objects to model virtually any real-world entity in terms of its characteristics, which can be represented by the data elements, and its behavior, which can be represented by its data manipulation functions. In this way, objects can model concrete things like people and computers, and they can also model abstract concepts like numbers or geometrical designs.  
         [0043]     Objects are defined by creating “classes” which are not objects themselves, but which act as templates that instruct the compiler how to construct the actual object. A class may, for example, specify the number and type of data variables and the steps involved in the methods which manipulate the data. When an object-oriented program is compiled, the class code is compiled into the program, but no objects exist. Therefore, none of the variables or data structures in the compiled program exist or have any memory allotted to them. An object is actually created by the program at runtime by means of a special function called a constructor which uses the corresponding class definition and additional information, such as arguments provided during object creation, to construct the object. Likewise objects are destroyed by a special function called a destructor. Objects may be used by using their data and invoking their functions. When an object is created at runtime memory is allotted and data structures are created.  
         [0044]     Network Environment  
         [0045]     Referring to  FIG. 2 , illustrates conceptually a network topology in which the auction system  250  of present invention may be implemented. Specifically, a publicly accessible, wide area network topology, such as the Internet, labeled  205 , operatively couples a plurality of systems, and their respective executing process, including bidder/donor processes  220 A-B, sponsor web server  230  and credit server  210 , charitable client system  240 , and system  250 , highlighted in phantom, which further comprises auction web server  260 , database server  270  and database  280  interconnected over a private network  290 , as illustrated. All of the system illustrated in  FIG. 2  may execute on hardware platforms which may be similar to that described with reference to  FIG. 1 .  
         [0046]     In the illustrative embodiment, auction web server  260  performs the functions of a traditional web server enabling access to one or more web pages by bidder/donor processes  220 A-B connected to Internet  205 . One or more of the pages accessible on auction web server  260  may contain address information in the form of a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) tag which may be downloaded over the Internet  205  to a browser process executing on any of the system  210 - 240 .  
         [0047]     In the illustrative embodiment, sponsor web server  230  also may perform the functions of a traditional web server enabling access to one or more web pages by bidder/donor processes  220 A-B connected to Internet  205 . One or more of the pages accessible on sponsor web server  230  may contain address information in the form of a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) tag which may be downloaded over the Internet  205  to a browser process executing on any of the other system in the network.  
         [0048]     User/bidder systems  220 A-B may be implemented using a computer architecture similar to that illustrated with reference to  FIG. 1 . The hardware platform may include a network interface, such as a Ethernet LAN card or other LAN-based TCP/IP network connector, for interfacing system  220  with the Internet, and executes a computer operating system, such as Windows NT 4.0, available from Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Wash. Execution under the control of operating system is web browser application which may be implemented with any number of commercially available Java enabled web browser that provide standard JavaScript support, such as NetScape Navigator version 4.5 and above, commercially available from America On-line, Reston, Va.; Microsoft Internet Explorer version 4.0, commercially available from Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Wash. Alternatively, the user system browser may execute in conjunction with the collaborative communication program, such as Sametime, commercially available from International Business Machines Corp., or Groove, commercially available from Groove Networks Inc., Beverley, Mass., or other collaborative communication programs that are Java enabled and have standard JavaScript support.  
         [0049]     Credit server  210  may be implemented using a computer architecture similar to that illustrated with reference to  FIG. 1 . Credit server  210  is typically part of a publicly accessible Internet maintained by a bank or other electronics funds transfer facility or institution, such as those run by MasterCard or Visa and contains the appropriate server applications and database software for clearing in conducting electronic transactions in that are understood by those recently skilled in the arts.  
         [0050]     System Organization  
         [0051]     Referring to  FIG. 3 , a conceptual block diagram of the auction system  250  in accordance with the present invention is illustrated. The system  250  comprises a auction web server  260 , a database server  270  and database(s)  280 , and an optional electronic mail server  288  operatively coupled, in the illustrative embodiment, via a private network  292 , e.g., a packet-switched network, such as a Local Area Network executing the TCP/IP protocol.  
         [0052]     Private network  290  may couple auction web server  260  to both an optional electronic mail server (not shown) and to a firewall server (not shown). In the illustrative embodiment of the present invention, electronic mail server  288  may be implemented as a server executing an application program in accordance with the Post Office Protocol version 3.0 (POP3), such server capable of receiving and sending electronic mail in a manner understood by those skilled in the arts. In an alternative embodiment, the optional electronic mail server and web server  260  may be implemented with applications which execute on the same computer system. The firewall server may be implemented as a server or network appliance executing any of a number of commercially available network security applications which prevent unauthorized access to private networks in a manner understood by those skilled in the arts. The firewall server is typically connected to Internet  205 , via a T1 line, or other connection such as a frame relay connection.  
         [0053]     Web Server  
         [0054]     Web server  260  may be implemented using a hardware platform similar to that illustrated with reference to  FIG. 1 . Executing under the control of an operating system are one or more functional code modules necessary for auction web server  260  to perform its appropriate functions. Specifically, web server  260  executes Constituency Relation Management (CRM) module  292 , template editor module  294 , and auction services engine  295 , as illustrated. These functional delineations performed by web server  260  may be implemented with a plurality of sub components as illustrated in  FIG. 4 , and as described herein.  
         [0055]     Referring to  FIG. 3 , web server  260  presents web pages to the network user and controls the flow of information to/from database server  270 . In the illustrative embodiment, the functions performed by web server  260 , and constituency Relation Management (CRM) module  292 , template editor module  294 , and auction services engine  295 , may be implemented either with object-oriented programming techniques using the appropriate class definitions and objects for values within the database, or, alternatively, using a non-object oriented language such as the C++ programming language.  
         [0056]     Web server  260  retains in memory one or more “pages” which collectively may comprise a web site used to visually present the information on the pages. One or more of the pages accessible on web server  260  may contain address information in the form of a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) tag which may be downloaded over the Internet  205  to a browser process executing on any of the other computer systems connected to the network. Such HTML tag may include the IP address or E-mail address associated with the web site.  
         [0057]     Upon connection to web server  260 , either directly or through a hyperlink from the website of a vendor client, a network user is presented with a graphic user interface. The graphic user interface includes a number of web pages which are resident on web server  260  and through which the network user may navigate. The web pages include a number of menus and dialog boxes which allow the network user to interact with the web server  260 . The sample web pages illustrated herein include various highlight options and dialog boxes through which a network user may interact with web server  260 .  
         [0058]     Web server  260  functions to render pages to a network user connected to the web server  260  and to pass data received from a network user to database through the appropriate Application Program Interfaces (APIs). In the illustrative embodiment, the web server  260  may utilize a plurality of Visual Basic, Java script files and/or Java applets to create active web pages. Web server  260  may include a database interface (not shown) which functions as the interface between web server  260  and database server  270 . Such database interface may be implemented via ODBC, Remote Procedure Call libraries or other similar technologies which enables the interface to make remotely access the database server  270  and to service calls received from database server  270 .  
         [0059]     Data Base Architecture  
         [0060]     In the illustrative embodiment, database server  270  and database  280  may comprise a hardware platform and an operating system capable of executing one of a number of commercially available database products. In the illustrative embodiment, hardware platform may be implemented with a computer system similar to that described with reference to  FIG. 1 . The operating system may be implemented with the Windows NT 4.0 product from Microsoft. The database product may be implemented with Microsoft SQL Server Version 7.0, also commercially available from Microsoft Corporation. The structure of information, including the data fields, records, tables which comprise database  280  are described hereinafter and may also be designed using Microsoft SQL Server Version 7.0.  
         [0061]     Query engine  274  receives information from web server  260  in the form of a query and supplies the query to database  280 . Database server  270  and database  280  may communicate using SQL standard database query language. The SQL standard is published by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The database query engine which is integrated into database server filters the queries received from web server  260 , such filters useful in focusing or customizing the scope of a database query. The information retrieved from database  280  may be forwarded by database server  270  to web server  260  using any number of know techniques such as remote procedural call libraries, as that previously described.  
         [0062]     Application Operating Environment  
         [0063]     Referring to  FIG. 4 , the subcomponents that perform the necessary algorithmic processes of the inventive system are logically divided in application operating environment that includes end-user applications  400 , specialty front end applications  410 , business logic applications  420 , and database applications  430 . The end-user applications  400  comprise a series of server applications that provide functionality to bidder/donor processes and charitable client processes (auction committee) and comprise platform tools server(s)  402 , catalog/item browser server(s)  404 , and catalog bid server(s)  406 . The specialty front end applications  410  comprise a series of server applications that provide specific functionality for system administration and include outbound electronic mail server(s)  412  and statistics and system administration server(s)  414 . The business logic applications  420  comprise a series of server applications that provide functionality for operating in a network environment including application server(s)  422 , commerce gateway application server(s)  424 , and reporting server(s)  426 . The database applications  430  comprise a primary catalog database  432 , a mirror catalog database  434 , and electronic mail stack database  436 , a gateway transactions database  438 , and a reporting database  435 .  
         [0064]     In the illustrative embodiment, end-user applications  400 , specialty front end applications  410 , business logic applications  420 , may execute on auction web server  260 , while database applications  430  may execute on database server  270  in conjunction with database  280 , as illustrated in  FIG. 3 . Alternatively, for more sophisticated systems, any of the end-user applications  400 , specialty front end applications  410 , business logic applications  420 , and database applications  430  may execute or their own separate system, accessible through either public and/or private networks. In this matter, a particular system may have a dedicated application function. In addition, multiple systems may perform the same function, for example there may be multiple servers each performing catalog bid receipt and recording functions. In other embodiments, several application functions may execute on the same system. In the case of database applications, the database is may reside on separate systems or may be implemented in a distributed matter, with selected portions of a particular database or database(s) residing within the same or different systems but logically separated therefrom. Such alternative implementations provide more scalable and redundant functionality across the network environment. As indicated previously, any of the above-mentioned systems may reside within private network, an intranet, extranet, or on the Internet or other publicly accessible networks, with or without protection of a dedicated firewall server or appliance.  
         [0065]     Having described the system hardware, network and logical organization of the inventive system, a description of individual inventive algorithms and techniques is set forth below with respect to the individual flowcharts, conceptual diagrams and graphic user interfaces of the Figures.  
         [0066]     Auction/Event Scheduler  
         [0067]     According to one aspect of the invention, the auction committee for a charitable client is able to specify a date for either a physical or virtual auction and have the inventive system generate a calendar of future events and dates relevant to the auction. Specifically, a charitable client user enters a date for a physical or virtual auction. Based on the designated date, the inventive system 1) creates a series of tasks, such as auction announcement, auction RSVP, first catalog publication, etc.; 2) suggests dates by which those tasks should be completed; and 3) a series of automatically generated electronic mail are sent notifying the auction committee in advance of the completion date for each task so that action can be taken to send the communications out. With the inventive system  250 , the list of activities and suggested dates, as illustrated in  FIG. 5 , can be modified to suit the needs of the nonprofit or charitable client. As illustrated in the conceptual diagram  500  of  FIG. 5 , a number of activities occur or days and hours before the auction advance as well as afterwards. When a single date is changed the charitable client user can have the system  250  adjust all the subsequent dates accordingly or only change the single date. The charitable client user can ‘reset’ the dates to the original via a reset button, if desired. The generation of electronic mail is adjusted accordingly to the new dates. When the communication is sent to the electronic mail list an acknowledgement electronic mail is delivered to the auction one committee with the success measurements and next steps indicating the total number of electronic mail sent, the total number of electronic mail successfully received, the next steps in the process.  
         [0068]     Alternatively, the charitable client user may also request that that the system automatically sends the communications without intervention. In such instance the system  250  would prompt the charitable client user to assign one of the templates described herein for each communication and then assign one or more electronic mail lists to the communication. At a predetermined number of days after the passing of the desired date, where the number of days is defined by the assistance server application  432 , if certain database conditions which indicate that the step has taken place do not exist, the database will 1) populate a non-public web page that will send code to the CRM module  292  which will, in turn, create a service “case” or event in the CRM system that will alert the staff of system  250  to make contact with the charitable client user to assist him/her/them in completing the overdue task, typically by sending the customer an electronic mail offering assistance in completing the task.  
         [0069]     FIGS.  6 A-C illustrate conceptually the graphic user interface(s)  600 ,  602  and  604 , respectively, and algorithmic processes associated with the process of creating an auction event in accordance with the system  250  of the present invention. The components which comprise these user interface(s) are typically stored as objects or components which collectively comprise one of the templates to stored in database  432  and modifiable using template editor  294 . These templates utilize the windowing functionality in the local operating system. For UNIX-based systems, X-windows functionality may be utilized. The record structure of these templates is described with reference to  FIG. 21  and its accompanying description.  
         [0070]     FIGS.  7 A-B are flowcharts of the algorithmic process utilized to create an auction event. These processes are typically performed with a charitable client process connected to system  250  and interacting with the web pages and templates as illustrated in FIGS.  6 A-C. Referring to  FIG. 7A , the charitable client user, who is typically a member of an auction committee for the nonprofit organization or charity, selects the Create an Auction tab from the web pages illustrated in  FIG. 6A . The charitable client user specifies the auction name a theme, revenue goal and description in the dialog boxes of the template illustrated in  FIG. 6A  and process block  700 . Next, if the charitable client user specifies a live event, an event date is submitted, as illustrated by decision block  702  and process block  704 . Alternatively, if an on-line event was a specified, and event open date is submitted, as illustrated by decision block  706  and process block  708 . Next, the various event parameters are submitted using the dialog boxes, as illustrated by process block  709 . These parameters can include any of a contact name, event location address, phone number, events start date and event end date, as illustrated in the template of  FIG. 6B . The CRM module  292  stores all the event parameters and displays them through web page similar to that illustrated in  FIG. 6C , allowing the charitable client user to review and modify any of the parameters, as illustrated by process block  710  and decision block  712 . Once the auction details have been reviewed and accepted the auction is activated by submitting the data to the system as an auction event object, as illustrated by decisional block  714  and process block  716 .  
         [0071]     Having created an auction object, the system  250  generates the list of activities and suggested dates, as illustrated in  FIG. 5 .  FIG. 7B  is a flowchart of the algorithmic process utilized to generate the event reminders listed in  FIG. 5 . First, the auction services module  296  queries and auction object representing an active event, as illustrated in process block  720 . Next, a determination is made if any events are remaining, as illustrated by decisional block  722 . If no events are remaining, the process terminates otherwise, the project plan associated with the created auction object is loaded, as illustrated by process block  724 . If a project plan exists, a determination illustrated by decisional block  726 , and evaluation is performed of the tasks required, as illustrated by process block  728 . In illustrative auction services module  296 , and the subcomponent applications associated therewith, evaluates the project plan associated with the active event to determine if any reminders are required at the current time. This process typically entails the auction services module reviewing whether a particular task has been performed, as monitored by the system  250  or as indicated by the charitable client, within a predetermined number of days from the intended task completion date, as illustrated by decisional block  730 . For example, referring to  FIG. 5 , assuming that and evaluation of a live auction is occurring 90 days prior to the event date, system  250  will determine whether auction announcements have been sent. If not, module  296  and will generate and administration recipient list from the parties, typically the auction committee, associated with the auction object, as illustrated by procedural block  732 . Next, depending on the nature of the incomplete task and the reminder necessary, module  296  will assemble a list of one or more project plan recommendations, as illustrated by procedural block  734 . Such a recommendations may be generated from the truth tables containing one or more required recommendations when a particular condition or scenario is true. Finally, the generated recommendation(s) are delivered to the contact name associated with the auction object and any other recipients designated by the charitable client via electronic mail or other forms of communication, as illustrated by process block  736 . Thereafter, the process repeats.  
         [0072]     Creating a Community  
         [0073]     In addition to the finding the auction event using the templates and graphic user interfaces presented by system  250 , the charitable client may also define the their constituency or community of potential donors for the auction event. FIGS.  8 A-E illustrate conceptual graphic user interfaces of the web pages  800 ,  802 ,  804 ,  806 ,  808 ,  810 , respectively, in accordance with the inventive system, as would be displayed to a charitable client who is utilizing the services of the inventive system. In  FIG. 8A , the charitable client user, who is typically a member of an auction committee for the nonprofit organization or charity, selects the “Create an eMail List” tab from the web page illustrated and designates that a previously created electronic mail list is to be used. In  FIG. 8B , a listing of existing electronic mail list is presented with selection tabs for the charitable client user to select which of the lists to associate with the auction. Upon selection of a preexisting list or the completion of a new list, the dialog box illustrated in  FIG. 8C  will be displayed. Alternatively, if in the user interface of  FIG. 8A , the charitable client had selected the third option to create a new electronic mail list, the user interface illustrated in  FIG. 8D  would be displayed. If in the user interface of  FIG. 8A . the charitable client had selected the second option to modify an existing electronic mail list, the user interface illustrated in  FIG. 8E  would be displayed. In this manner, the online constituency for the auction event may be generated efficiently.  
         [0074]     Community Builds Electronic Mail Lists  
         [0075]     According to another aspect of the invention, system  250  enables a charitable organization to send an electronic mail based communication to their constituency (constituents) to ask for electronic mail referrals (contacts) or, alternately, to incorporate a ‘community email button’ on all web pages and communications that allows constituents to add contacts. A constituent selects a web link, either embedded in the email or as a result of clicking on the community email button, to transfer to a data entry page where a contacts&#39; information (name, email, etc.) can be captured. The inventive system automatically generates a personalized electronic mail that includes the constituent name, to the submitted contact enabling the contact to opt-in to the nonprofit&#39;s email database. The contact may opt-in, at the discretion of the nonprofit, for different email communications (auction only, general communications, further fund-raising solicitations, etc.). After the contact has opted in, the system automatically informs, via electronic mail, the constituent that one of their contacts has opted in. The constituent, via a web-based ‘dashboard’, may view the status of each contact that they have submitted.  
         [0076]     According to another aspect of the invention, once all of the objects that comprise an auction have been created, the inventive system  250  allows a client process to replicate an auction including auction home page and templates that have been edited with links, logos, marketing information, banners, etc., resulting in a copy of the auction and all the associated pages, community lists, etc., but on a new URL, so that a new auction is created that can then be used as is or edited to customized for a particular event. Replication of the auction saves time, particularly for charitable organizations that have such a fund raising events are on a regular basis.  
         [0077]      FIGS. 12-16  illustrate conceptual graphic user interfaces of the web pages  1200 ,  1300 ,  1400 ,  1500 , and  1600 , respectively, of a charitable auction, similar to that as would be experienced by bidder/donor processes  220 A-B, when viewing the auction catalog online.  FIG. 12  illustrates the web page displayed to a bidder/donor process upon accessing the portion of the web server dedicated to a specific auction, which includes an online invitation to a live auction event as well as highlighted items from the published virtual catalog associated with the auction.  FIGS. 13-14  illustrate web pages showing selected published items from the catalog associated with the auction event. Virtual online catalog allows easy browsing and paging through all items associated to a particular catalog. Navigation from one catalog to another maintains all appropriate branding for the particular catalog and organization. Each option item displays value, minimum bid, and current bid price is, as well as links to further details for the item and two bid on the item. Each page further includes a link to view the catalog online, a listing of the auction and the current page of the total page number, as well as an indicator of the current amount raised by the auction event. The page also includes a sponsor logo.  
         [0078]      FIG. 15  illustrates a web page showing the details of a particular auction item, in this example Red Sox tickets, as would be presented upon selection of the Details link from a catalog web pages of either of  FIGS. 13-14 .  FIG. 15  illustrates a number of parameters related to the auction item, including the opening bid, bid increments, reserve price, quantity available, current high bid, number of bids, bidding starts time, bidding and time, and total time remaining to bid, as illustrated. In addition, an image of the item may be optionally displayed along with selectable tabs to either bid on the item, watch the item or pass the link to the item to another potential bidder. Upon selection of the bid tab, a user interface similar to that illustrated in  FIG. 16  will be displayed including selected of the information displayed in  FIG. 15  along with the dialog boxes for entering a current bid and a maximum (last) bid, as illustrated. In addition, an image of the item may be optionally displayed along with selectable tabs to either bid on the item or cancel a bid.  
         [0079]     Creating and Building a Catalog  
         [0080]     FIGS.  9 A-D illustrate conceptually the graphic user interface(s) of web pages  900 ,  902   904 , and  906 , respectively, that a charitable client may utilize to create a catalog of items for an auction event, in accordance with the inventive system  250 . In  FIG. 9A , the charitable client user, who is typically a member of an auction committee for the nonprofit organization or charity, selects the “Create a Catalog” tab from the web pages illustrated and designates that a new catalog is to be created. Next, the user interface illustrated in  FIG. 9B  would be displayed. This web page enables the charitable client user to designate a catalog name and description and to selectively add catalog items, as illustrated.  
         [0081]     The inventive system  250  enables a nonprofit or charitable client to request that their constituency donate items for an auction, either via electronic mail with an embedded link or through an embedded icon on a web page. The link embedded in the electronic mail or the embedded icon on the web page leads to a catalog item entry web page. If enabled by the charitable organization, the constituent can assign the item to a particular participant, cause, chapter, or organization for credit.  
         [0082]     Donated items are queued for review within the inventive application that is restricted to viewing by auction committee members with correct permissions. Committee members can either accept, edit or reject items within the queue. When a committee member approves an item an automatic electronic mail notification is sent to the donating party. When a committee member edits an item an automatic electronic mail notification may be generated and sent to the donating party with the changes highlighted. Similarly, when a committee member rejects an item an automatic electronic mail is generated and sent to the donor with the reason for the disapproval. Upon approval, the item is added to the auction database and published to a database-served auction catalog based upon the ‘born on’ date or, if a ‘born on’ date is not present, the item may be published immediately. Donors can view a ‘personal page’ that lists the items that they have donated and their current status; in queue, accepted, rejected, and, if already accepted and in the auction process, the current bid status. When an item is sold an automatic electronic mail may be generated and sent to the donor with an IRS-acceptable donation receipt (electronic) attached. The above described process is set forth in greater detail with reference to  FIG. 10 .  
         [0083]     Referring to  FIG. 10 , the process utilized by the charitable client, typically an authorized member or administrator of the auction committee for the charitable client, to approve or reject an item submitted by members of the constituent community using the catalog item entry web page of system  250  accessed using the previously described processes of an embedded link in the electronic mail or an embedded icon on the web page. The data parameters describing item submitted by the constituent community using the catalog item entry web page are placed in memory, as database records or objects, and designated as pending items for the review by an authorized member of the auction committee. The charitable client user accesses the web page presented by auction web server  260  for managing catalog tools, as illustrated by process block  1000 . The system checks to authenticate the user, as illustrated by decisional block  1002 , and, if authorized, views the records of pending items that have been submitted by the constituent community, as illustrated by process block  1004 . Next, a listing of pending donated items, as illustrated in the user interface of  FIG. 9C , is displayed with tabs allowing the items to be added to the current catalog, deleted from the current catalog, edited or a search query initiated. If the user selects to edit a catalog item, as illustrated by process block  1006 , the user interface illustrated in  FIG. 9D  is presented which enables the editing of the donor supplied item parameters illustrated, as illustrated by procedural block  1008 . Once the client process representing an authorized auction administrator has finished editing the parameters of the selected catalog item, the item can be approved through selection of the Add Item tab from the user interface enabling the submission of the additional item properties and updating the status of the item to “approved” and submitting the item to the catalog for publication, as illustrated by blocks  1010  through  1016 . Alternatively, the client process user could save the edited item as a draft for later evaluation and/or publication, as illustrated by process block  1018 . Acceptance, rejection or modification of the parameters of a donor supplied item generates an electronic-mail message to the donor constituent explaining the same, as illustrated by procedural block  1020 . The item review process may repeat thereafter for other pending items currently submitted or upon submission prior to the auction event. In this manner, the catalog for the auction event may be generated efficiently.  
         [0084]     In the illustrative embodiment, the data structures processed by the inventive algorithms described herein are implemented in an object-oriented format with data records implemented as objects having both data and methods, as applicable. Referring to  FIGS. 17-21 , the implementation class definitions of the data structure objects useful for implementing the inventive concepts in an object-oriented environments, particularly the data and methods described herein, are illustrated. These record objects may be stored in any of the databases illustrated in the figures and may include data which simultaneously resides as parts of other records in other databases. The data-types of the data variables contained within the records are illustrated in  FIG. 17-21 , e.g. char, date, Boolean, currency, etc., selected of which are explained in greater detail hereafter. In the record objects of  FIGS. 17-21 , selected relevant methods utilized by one object to call another object are designated with the following form: “methodname( )” where the actual name of the method will replace methodname. Also, a “1” associated with a method indicates that there can be only one valid data value for the queried object while a “0..*” associated with a method indicates that there can be multiple valid data value(s) for the queried object.  
         [0085]      FIGS. 17-20  illustrate the relationship between Event Record  1700 , Organization Record  1701 , Catalog Record  1704 , Item Record  1706 , Donation Record  1708 , Benefactor Record  1710 , Item Status Record  1712 , and Member Record  1714 . Primary records maintained for an auction include Organization Record  1701 , Event Record  1700 , and Catalog Record  1704 . In the illustrative embodiment, all auctions all have an Organization Record  1701 . In the illustrated embodiment, Organization Record  1701  comprises the following variables: 
        uuid     name     alias     description          
         [0090]     The nature of the data type used to implement each variable is illustrated in  FIG. 17 . In Organization Record  1701  the uuid is a unique universal identifier and may be implemented with a multiple bit field of alphanumeric data. The uuid data serves as a primary key to identify an organization, e.g. the nonprofit or charitable or other entity holding the event. The name and description variables describe the name and nature of the organization, respectively, while the alias data may be used to describe an alternative name for the organization. In addition, the organization record has two methods associated therewith. As illustrated in  FIG. 17 , the +events( ) method can be used to call up one more events associated with the organization using the appropriate events identifier. Similarly, the +catalogs( ) method can be used to call one more catalogs associated with the organization using the appropriate catalog identifier.  
         [0091]     In the illustrative embodiment, on-line auctions and combined on-line/live event auctions have Event Records  1700 . In the illustrated embodiment, Event Record  1700  comprises the following variables: 
        uuid     organization_id     name     event_type     chairperson     description     start_time     finish_time        
 
         [0100]     The nature of the data type used to implement each variable is illustrated in  FIG. 17 . In Event Record  1700  the uuid may be implemented similar to record  1701  and serves as a primary key to identify an auction. The organization_id variable identifies the parent organization, e.g. the nonprofit or charitable entity holding the event. The event_type variable identifies the event as being Online, Live Event or Both. The name and description variables describe the name and nature of the event, respectively. The chairperson variable identifies the chairperson associated with the event, respectively. The start_time variable identifies the date and time at which the event commences. The finish_time variable identifies the date and time at which the event ends. As illustrated in  FIG. 17 , the +catalogs( ) method can be used to call one more catalogs associated with the organization using the appropriate catalog identifier.  
         [0101]     A Live Event record exist only for auctions which have a corresponding live event. The Live Event record, not shown in the figures, comprises the uuid, start_time, and finish_time variables similar to those described with reference to Event Record  1700 . In addition, Live Event record comprises an event_id variable that identifies the corresponding Event Record  1700  to which the live event record corresponds.  
         [0102]     Catalog details are maintained in the Catalog, Item, Donation and Benefactors records as described herein. One or more Catalog records  1704  can exist for each Event Record  1700 . Multiple catalogs allow the separation of Online and Live Event items, if desired. In this manner, a different set of auction items may be available for an online auction event than those offered at a corresponding live auction event. In the illustrated embodiment, Catalog Record  1704  comprises the following variables: 
        uuid     organization_id     event_id     name     description     start_time     finish_time     points     donation     absentee_bidding        
 
         [0113]     The nature of the data type used to implement each variable is illustrated in  FIG. 17 . In Catalog Record  1704  the uuid data may be implemented similar to record  1701  and serves as a primary key to identify a catalog. The organization_id variable identifies the parent organization, e.g. the nonprofit or charitable entity holding the event. The event_id variable identifies the corresponding Event Record  1700  to which the live event record corresponds. The name and description variables describe the name and nature of the catalog, respectively. The start_time variable if present, overrides the event start date and time. The finish_time variable, if present, overrides event close date and time. The remaining fields with in the Catalog Record  1704  are optional. The points variable is a flag to indicate if a rewards program enabled. The donation variable is a flag to indicate if donations are accepted. The absentee_bidding variable enables absentee bidding in live events. As illustrated in  FIG. 17 , the +items( ) method can be used to call one or more items associated with the catalog using the appropriate item identifier.  
         [0114]     Item properties are stored in item records, with additional status and flags maintained in Item Status records, as illustrated. An Item Record  1706  exists for each item associated with a particular Catalog Record  1704  and has the form illustrated in  FIG. 17 . In the illustrative embodiment, items may be a composite parent auction item or be a component thereof as described herein. In the illustrated embodiment, Item Record  1706  comprises the following variables: 
        uuid     category_id     catalog_id     donation_id     lot_number     name     description     image     reserve_price     opening_bid     bid_increment     quantity     buy_now_price     buy_now_quantity     est_value     display_value     cost     start_time     finish_time        
 
         [0134]     The nature of the data type used to implement each variable is illustrated in  FIG. 17 . In Item Record  1706  the uuid variable serves as a primary key to identify an item. The category_id variable identifies the item category of the auction item. The catalog_id variable identifies the catalog record of the auction item. The donation_id variable identifies the donation record if the item was donated by constituency. The optional lot_number variable identifies the lot of the auction item. The name variable identifies the name of the auctioned item. The description variable provides a description of the auctioned item. The image variable identifies the name of the image file associated with the auctioned item and a link, where applicable. In the illustrative embodiment, the image file may be stored on a webserver, with only the name referenced in one of the local databases of system  250 . The image file may be formatted in any number of conventional image data formats, including, but not limited to JPEG, GIF, PNG, etc. The reserve_price, opening_bid, bid_increment, and buy_now_price identify the amounts in currency of the reserve price, opening bid, bid increment, buy item now price of the auction item, respectively. The quantity variable identifies the number of auction items available. The buy_now_quantity variable identifies the number of auction items available or that must be purchased to achieve the buy_now_price. The est_value variable identifies the estimated value (fair market value) of the item used for printing purchase receipts. The display_value variable identifies the estimated value to be display in either the printed or on line catalog associated with the auction item. The cost variable identifies the amount in currency of any cost to purchase the auction item, or component auction items, if any. The start_time variable identifies the date and time at which the auction for the item commences. The finish_time variable identifies the date and time at which the auction for the auction item is complete.  
         [0135]     In addition, the organization record has six methods associated therewith that can be used to call other records containing data values related to the item record. As illustrated in  FIG. 17 , the +catalogs( ) method can be used to call one more catalogs associated with the organization using the appropriate catalog identifier. The +donation( ) method can be used to call up the record associated with the using the donor using the appropriate identifier. Similarly, the a plurality of method, the +itemsStatus( ) method can be used to call the status data associated with the item the appropriate itemStatus identifier.  
         [0136]     An ItemStatus record  1712  exists for each item associated with a particular item record  1706  to maintain additional status and flags, as illustrated in  FIG. 17 . The data type used to implement each variable in ItemStatus record  1712  are either Char or Boolean. In addition a single method, item( ) can be used to identify the item to which the status information relates.  
         [0137]     A Donation Record  1708  exists if an item has been donated by the auction constituency. In the illustrated embodiment, Donation Record  1708  comprises the following variables: 
        uuid     benefactor_id     name     logo     link     description     donated_date        
 
         [0145]     The nature of the data type used to implement each variable is illustrated in  FIG. 17 . In Donation Record  1708  the uuid variable serves as a primary key to identify a donor. The benefactor_id variable identifies the benefactor record if the parent item was donated by constituency. The name, logo, link, and description variables describe the name, logo, on line address, and nature of the donor, respectively, whether an individual or a business entity. The donated_date variable identifies the date and time at which the auction item was donated.  
         [0146]     According to another aspect of the invention, a nonprofit or charitable organization is able to define dollar thresholds for the appearance of donor logos and links and have the process automated by system  250 . If the Fair Market Value of the item being donated, meets one of the predefined threshold criteria, whether determines by the auction committee or by a community donor, the inventive system enables ‘add logo’ or ‘add link’ graphics to be displayed when a donor is entering the information in the donor web page. The donor may then include a logo and are linked to the donor&#39;s web site which will appear in the on-line catalog, similar to that illustrated in  FIG. 12 . The data defining the such donor logo and link are stored in Donation Record  1708 .  
         [0147]     In addition, the Donation Record  1708  has three methods associated therewith that can be used to call other records containing data values related to the item record. The +items( ) method can be used to call one or more items associated with the donor using the appropriate donor. The +getMainBenefactor( ) and +benefactors( ) methods can be used to call one or more benefactors associated with the donor using the appropriate donor data.  
         [0148]     In the illustrative embodiment, an item may be donated by an organization or multiple donors. In such instances, benefactor records  1710  are used to track information related to the multiple benefactors which comprises the donating entity. Accordingly, one or more benefactor records  1710  may exist for a donation record and contain appropriate contact information. In addition, benefactor records exist for donated and sponsored items. More than one benefactor is possible, each accessible via an API. Specific contact information may be available via the API for each benefactor, including name, address, contact info, etc. In addition to contact information, logos and URLs may be maintained. In benefactor records  1710  the uuid variable serves as a primary key to identify a benefactor. The member_id variable identifies the auction member who will be the benefactor of the donation. The name, address, and phone variables describe the name, address and telephone information of the benefactor of the donation, respectively. The +getContactInfo( ) and +donation( ) methods can be used to access the donation record and the contact information of the benefactor.  
         [0149]      FIG. 18  illustrates the relationships among Catalog Record  1704 , Item Record  1706 , Donation Record  1708 , Benefactor Record  1710 , and Member Record  1714 , and the respective methods utilized between records to access the other. In the illustrative embodiment, participants to an auction, whether as a bidder or as a donor of an item or other role, must first register with the auction as a member. The membership information is stored in Member Record  1714 . The nature of the data type used to implement each variable is illustrated in  FIG. 17 . In Member Record  1714  the uuid data value may be implemented similar to record  1701  and serves as a primary key to identify a member. The username and password variables describe the username and password that a member uses to log-on to an on-line auction hosted by the system  250 . The first_name, last_name and middle_initial fields are used to store the name of the member, while the e-mail field is used to store the electronic-mail address at which the member can be reached. The +donations( ) methods can be used to access one or more donation records associated with a member record.  
         [0150]     In the illustrative embodiment, participants to an auction, whether as a bidder or as a donor of an item or other role, must first register with the auction as a member. On donation, a new member record is created if the donating member has not previously registered. For the donated item, the item, itemStatus, donation and benefactor records are created. Item properties are stored in item record, with additional status and flags maintained in Item Status records. On item donation, a limited number of properties are set in item and item status records. Specifically, required properties include item name, description, desired category, estimated value, and donor name. Optional properties can be specified, including special instructions and an item image. Optional donor properties may include donor link, donor logo, and donor description. Additional contact information, not accessible from member records, is available via the benefactor API. Contact information required to complete donation process.  
         [0151]     Utilizing the process illustrated in  FIG. 10 , an auction administrator or other authorized party views pending items awaiting approval and determines whether or not to accept or release (reject) the donated item. In the illustrative embodiment, a query of database  1105  for items having the pending field of a specific value allows an auction administrator to review all of the pending items at a point in time. Alternatively, the data records representing pending items may be placed in an approval queue. Upon acceptance/rejection of an item, remaining item and item status properties are set. An item editor utility which enables the process as outlined herein and in  FIG. 10 , may be part of the Platform tools server  402 , the construction and function of which is within the scope of those recently skilled in the arts given the disclosure of the procedural algorithms and data structures described herein, including the data type and methods of the relevant record objects.  
         [0152]      FIG. 19A  illustrates, for a donated auction item that has been approved, the relationships among Item Record  1706 A, Item Status Record  1706 A, Donation Record  1708 , Benefactor Record  1710 , and Member Record  1714 , and the respective methods utilized between records to access the other.  FIG. 19B  illustrates for a donated auction item that has been released or rejected, the relationships among Item Record  1706 B, and Item Status Record  1706 B and the respective methods utilized between records to access the other.  
         [0153]     In the illustrative embodiment, items donated by the same member can span catalogs and organizations for any particular member. A donor page provides a single view across all catalogs to view donated items. On the member&#39;s donor page, donated items are grouped together within their relevant catalog. Donors can view a the list of items they have donated and their current status as pending, accepted, rejected, and, if already accepted and in the auction process, the current bid status.  
         [0154]      FIG. 24  illustrates an exemplary donor page in which multiple items, all donated by the same donor member are visible along with selected status information. Upon request of the member, and utilizing the record objects and methods described in the  FIGS. 17-20 , and appropriate set of queries are made into the respective databases, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the arts, given the descriptions contained herein. The resulting data is then assembled a Web page which can be displayed by the donor member. Other optional links on the Web page may provide additional information. Note that the donor page may include any relevant image files related to the respective items from the image server. The inventive system further maintains relationships among various items that enable searching capabilities such as to allow catalog viewers to sort the catalog by ‘donated to’, to enable donors to forward, via electronic mail, the catalog listing of their items.  
         [0155]     Combining Catalog Entries  
         [0156]     According to another aspect of the invention, once a catalog has been generated and a plurality of items donated, the inventive system  250  enables an auction committee member of a charitable organization to combine individual catalog items, either currently published or pending, into a single parent auction object that is an aggregate or composite auction item while still maintaining the integrity of the donor contribution the data of the individual components comprising parent item. For example, airfare, hotel, sightseeing items donated from various constituents can be combined into a single packaged offering having a fair market value and a starting bid which may be different than the fair market value and a starting bid of any of the individual component auction items within the parent item.  
         [0157]      FIG. 11  illustrates in greater detail the algorithmic process utilized to combine the properties of multiple auction items to form a composite or parent item. In  FIG. 11 , a plurality of donated items  1100  and  1102 , designated Item 1 and Item N, respectively, each have an image record stored in database  1103 , an item record stored in database  1105  and donor record stored in database  1107  associated therewith. A user who has been authenticated by system  250  may combine items by creating a new ‘parent’ catalog entry with a parent item name and assigning them to the newly created name by selecting a combine item function and selecting the combined item name, as illustrated by process block  1106 . Next, the individual items are removed from sale or pending status, as illustrated by procedural block  1108 . The donor information from each of the individual items is combined and associated with a donor record for the parent item as illustrated by procedural block  1110 . Other properties of Item 1 and Item N, such as item descriptions, images, etc. are edited, typically merged, where applicable, as illustrated by procedural block  1112 . The estimated or fair market values of the individual items are combined automatically by the system  250  to generate the fair market value of the combined item. In the illustrative embodiment, there may be a drop-down menu or similarly enabled function that allows the authorized user/committee member to see other items already entered into the catalog, allowing an item that is currently being edited to be added to a parent item. Finally, the user can edit the properties of the parent item to include the same or different properties of the individual component items, as illustrated by procedural block  1114 . In the contemplated embodiment, all the standard auction options, e.g. enable online bidding, LastBid, etc., are available at the parent level. Any related donor links and logos are preserved and displayed at the parent level or new donor links and logos may be entered and edited at the parent level. Any restrictions and/or special instructions are maintained and combined into a single restriction/special instruction display associated with the combined parent package. The new parent item, that results from the combination of individual items  1100  and  1102 , using the above-described process, has image, auction properties and donor record values associated therewith, in the same manner as other published items in the catalog.  
         [0158]     The above process can be better understood with reference to the specific object records involved and the relationship among such records in memory. In the illustrative embodiment, combined items are maintained via a parent item record and parent/child relationships with plural item records.  FIG. 20  illustrates the relationship between a parent item record  2006 A and a plurality of child item records  2006 A and  2006 B as well as other relevant records similar to those illustrated in  FIGS. 17-19 . Specifically, in  FIG. 20 , Event Record  2000 , Catalog Record  2004 , Item Record  2006 B-C, Donation Record  2008 , and Benefactor Record  2010  are similar in structure and implementation to Event Record  1700 , Catalog Record  1704 , Item Record  1706 , Donation Record  1708 , and Benefactor Record  1710 , respectively, of  FIG. 17 , except where noted. In Event Record  2000 , the organization_id variable identifies the parent organization, e.g. the nonprofit or charitable entity holding the event. In Catalog Record  2004 , the organization_id variable identifies the parent organization, e.g. the nonprofit or charitable entity holding the event. In Donation Record  2008 , the benefactor_id variable identifies the benefactor record if the parent item was donated by constituency.  
         [0159]     A Parent Item Record  2006 A exists for each composite item associated with a particular Catalog Record  2004 , and, for items which are part of a composite parent auction item, an Item Record  2006 B exists, as illustrated in  FIG. 20 . In the illustrated embodiment, Parent Item Record  2006 A comprises the following variables: 
        uuid     category_id     catalog_id     donation_id     lot_number     name     description     image     reserve_price     opening_bid     bid_increment     quantity     buy_now_price     buy_now_quantity     est_value     display_value     cost     start_time     finish_time        
 
         [0179]     The nature of the data type used to implement each variable is illustrated in  FIG. 20 . In Parent Item Record  2006 A the uuid variable serves as a primary key to identify a Parent Item Record. The category_id variable identifies the item category of the parent auction item. The catalog_id variable identifies the catalog record of the parent auction item. The donation_id variable identifies the donation record if the parent item was donated by constituency. The optional lot_number variable identifies the lot of the parent auction item. The name variable identifies the name of the parent auctioned item. The description variable provides a description of the parent auctioned item. The image variable identifies the name of the image file associated with the parent auctioned item and a link, where applicable. As with regular auction items, an associated image file may be formatted in any number of conventional image data formats, including, but not limited to JPEG, GIF, PNG, etc. The reserve_price, opening_bid, bid_increment, and buy_now_price identify the amounts in currency of the reserve price, opening bid, bid increment, buy item now price of the parent auction item, respectively. The quantity variable identifies the number of parent auction items available. The buy_now_quantity variable identifies the number of parent auction items available or that must be purchased to achieve the buy_now price. The est_value variable identifies the estimated value (fair market value) of the parent item used for printing purchase receipts. The display_value variable identifies the estimated value to be display in either the printed or on line catalog associated with the parent auction item. The cost variable identifies the amount in currency of any cost to purchase the parent auction item, or component auction items, if any. The start_time variable identifies the date and time at which the parent auction item is offered. The finish_time variable identifies the date and time at which the auction for parent auction item is complete.  
         [0180]     Combined items are maintained via parent/child relationships. For combined items, the Parent item is displayed in the catalog, with attributes being derived from each child item comprising the collection. The +isCombinedItem( ) method can be used to determine that whether the subject item is part of a combined item offering. If the subject item is a component or child item of a parent item combination, the +itemParent( ) method can be used to identify the parent item. If the subject item is a parent item combination, the +itemChildren( ) method can be used to identify the any children items.  
         [0181]     Live Event record  2002  exist only for auctions which have a corresponding live event. Live Event record  2002  comprises the uuid, start_time, and finish_time variables similar to those described with reference to Event Record  2000 . In addition, Live Event record  2002  comprises an event_id variable that identifies the corresponding Event Record  2000  to which the live event record corresponds.  
         [0182]      FIG. 22  illustrates an exemplary user interface  2200  presented by the catalog builder function that enables an auction committee member or other person authorized within an auction to combine auction items into a composite auction item utilizing the inventive techniques described herein. As shown in  FIG. 22 , the user may select pending donated items or items already published in a catalog for combination into a composite auction item. In  FIG. 22 , a user administrator specifies a name for the combined parent item and its description, followed by selecting a plurality of existing items to be combined. Next, the user administrator modifies the default properties and adjusts the data as needed. System  250  automatically combines selected properties, using any of summing, an aggregation or concatenation algorithms as applicable, for example descriptions, special notes, estimated value, etc., to be presented as default values that can be further edited as illustrated in the figure of  23 . Exemplary items are listed in dialogue box  2206 . Selected data fields within the parent record object, such as item name, lot number and category, may be user-defined through dialogue boxes  2202 ,  2204  and  2208 , respectively, of interface  2200 . Selection of the next page option from the user interface toy  200  of  FIG. 22  causes an extension of user interface  2200  to be presented, as illustrated in  FIG. 23 . In  FIG. 23 , other data fields within the parent item record, such as description, on-line open date, on-line close date, estimated value, by now price, bid increments, opening bid, reserve price, etc., may be defined through the user-defined through dialogue boxes  2210 ,  2211 ,  2212  and  2213 ,  2214 ,  2216 ,  2218 ,  2220 , and  2222 , respectively, of interface  2200 . Where applicable, the respective data values in the child item records are combined in the parent record, for example, as illustrated by description dialogue box  2210  in which the parent description comprises an aggregation of the descriptions of the component child items. Once the data within the parent item record is defined, it is saved and the appropriate methods within the component items will maintain the parent/child relationships to the parent item record. An catalog builder utility function which enables the process as outlined herein and in  FIG. 11  and generates the interfaces of  FIG. 22-23 , may be part of the Platform tools server  402 , the construction and function of which is within the scope of those recently skilled in the arts given the disclosure of the procedural algorithms and data structures and interfaces described herein, including the data type and methods of the relevant record objects.  
         [0183]      FIG. 21  illustrates the relationship between template record  2100 , document record  2102 , text block record  2104 , sponsor block record  2106 , link block record  2108 , image block record  2110 , feature item block record  2112 , and category list block record  2114 . In the illustrated embodiment, template  2100  comprises the following variables: 
        uuid     name     description     html_path     text_path          
         [0189]     The nature of the data type used to implement the variable in record  2100  is illustrated in  FIG. 21 . In template record  2100  the uuid is a unique universal identifier and may be implemented with a multiple bit field of alphanumeric data. The uuid data serves as a primary key to identify the template record. The name and description variables describe the name and nature of the template, respectively. The html_path and text_path variables describe resolvable addresses to memory location for html and text content, respectively, of the template.  
         [0190]     In addition, the template record has at least a +documents( ) method which can be used to call up one more documents that have been created from the template record, using the appropriate documents identifier. A user customized document created following the selection of a template and population thereof with user-defined data is stored in one of the databases, as illustrated in  FIG. 21 .  
         [0191]     In the illustrated embodiment, document record  2102 , comprises the following variables: 
        uuid     organization_id     template_id     name     description     email_from     subject        
 
         [0199]     The nature of the data type used to implement the variables in record  2102  is illustrated in  FIG. 21 . In document record  2102  the uuid is a unique universal identifier and may be implemented with a multiple bit field of alphanumeric data. The uuid data serves as a primary key to identify the document record. The name and description variables describe the name and nature of the document, respectively. The organization_id and template_id variables describe, respectively, the organization and template associated with the document. The email variable describes an electronic mail address associated with the document, typically that of the author or an auction administrator. The subject variable describes subject matter of the document. In addition, the document record has at least eight methods associated therewith to access one or more of any of the template record  2100 , document record  2102 , text block record  2104 , sponsor block record  2106 , link block record  2108 , image block record  2110 , feature item block record  2112  with which the document record is associated.  
         [0200]     In the illustrated embodiment, text block record  2104  comprises the following variables: 
        uuid     document_id     name     mime_type     content        
 
         [0206]     The nature of the data type used to implement each variable is illustrated in  FIG. 21 . In text block record  2104  the uuid is a unique universal identifier and may be implemented with a multiple bit field of alphanumeric data. The uuid data serves as a primary key to identify the text block record. The document_id variable identifies the document with which the text block is associated. The name variable describes the name of the text block. The mime_type variables describe message format associated with the text block while the content variables defines the content of the text block. In addition, the text block record has a +documents( ) method that can be used to call the document with which the text block record is associated.  
         [0207]     In the illustrative embodiment, the web pages of an auction catalog or the homepage of the auction itself may have associated therewith one or more links to sponsors of the fundraising event. In the illustrated embodiment, sponsor block record  2106  comprises the following variables: 
        uuid     document_id     name     mime_type     content     sponsor_id        
 
         [0214]     The nature of the data type used to implement each variable is illustrated in  FIG. 21 . In sponsor block record  2106  the uuid is a unique universal identifier and may be implemented with a multiple bit field of alphanumeric data. The uuid data serves as a primary key to identify the sponsor block record. The document_id variable identifies the document with which the sponsor block is associated. The name variable describes the name of the sponsor. The mime_type variables describe message format associated with the sponsor block while the sponsor_id variable identifies an optional sponsor associated with the document. In addition, the sponsor block record has at least +documents( ) and +sponsor( ) methods that can be used to call document and sponsor records, respectively, with which the sponsor block record is associated.  
         [0215]     In  FIG. 21 , link block record  2108  comprises the following variables: 
        uuid     document_id     name     mime_type     image_url     height     width     label     alt-tag     href        
 
         [0226]     The nature of the data type used to implement each variable is illustrated in  FIG. 21 . In link block record  2108  the uuid is a unique universal identifier and may be implemented with a multiple bit field of alphanumeric data. The uuid data serves as a primary key to identify the link block record. The document_id variable identifies the document with which the link block is associated. The name variable describes the name of the link block. The mime_type variables describe message format associated with the link block while the image_url variable identifies the address of an optional image file associated with the link block record. The height, width, label, alt-tag, and href variables describe other characteristics associated with link image file associated with the link block record. In addition, the link block record has at least a +documents( ) method that can be used to call the document records with which the link block record is associated.  
         [0227]     In the illustrative embodiment, image block record  2110  comprises the following variables: 
        uuid     document_id     mime_type     image_url     height     width     alt-tag        
 
         [0235]     The nature of the data type used to implement each variable is illustrated in  FIG. 21 . In image block record  2110  the uuid is a unique universal identifier and may be implemented with a multiple bit field of alphanumeric data. The uuid data serves as a primary key to identify the image block record. The document_id variable identifies the document with which the image block is associated. The mime_type variables describe message format associated with the image block while the image_url variable identifies the address of an image file associated with the image block record. The height, width, and alt-tag, variables describe other characteristics of the image associated with the image block record. In addition, the image block record has at least a +documents( ) method that can be used to call the document record with which the image block record is associated.  
         [0236]     In  FIG. 21 , feature item block record  2112  comprises the following variables: 
        uuid     document_id     mime_type     item_id     name        
 
         [0242]     The nature of the data type used to implement each variable is illustrated in  FIG. 21 . In feature item block record  2112  the uuid is a unique universal identifier and may be implemented with a multiple bit field of alphanumeric data. The uuid data serves as a primary key to identify the feature item block record. The document_id variable identifies the document with which the feature item block is associated. The mime_type variables describe message format associated with the feature item block while the item_id variable identifies the featured item associated with the featured item block record. Typically, a featured item will be a catalog item donated by a sponsor and for which the sponsor wishes to be recognized. There may be multiple featured item blocks associated with a document. The name variable describes the name of the featured item. In addition, the feature item block record has at least the +documents( ) and +item( ) methods that can be used to call the document record and item record up, respectively, with which the feature item block record is associated. An example of a template for use with a sponsorship promotion including featured items is illustrated in  FIG. 25 .  
         [0243]     In the illustrative embodiment, catalog list block record  2114  comprises the following variables: 
        uuid     document_id     mime_type     catalog_id     name        
 
         [0249]     The nature of the data type used to implement each variable is illustrated in  FIG. 21 . In catalog lists block record  2114  the uuid is a unique universal identifier and may be implemented with a multiple bit field of alphanumeric data. The uuid data serves as a primary key to identify the catalog list block record. The document_id variable identifies the document with which the catalog list block is associated. The mime_type variables describe message format associated with the catalog list block while the catalog_id variable identifies the catalog associated with the catalog list block record. The name variable describes the name of the catalog. In addition, the catalog list block record has at least a +documents( ) method that can be used to call the document record with which the catalog list block record is associated.  
         [0250]     The reader will appreciate that the inventive system of the present invention provides the tools and facilities for a nonprofit or charitable institution to create either a live or virtual auction event, compile lists of potential donor/bidder participants, create a catalog from donated items, combine individual donated items into aggregate item offerings, and facilitate on line viewing in bidding of the published catalog items in a manner that is efficient and capable of reaching the vast potential of the virtual online community for a particular cause.  
         [0251]     Although the inventive concepts disclosed herein have been described with reference to implementations regarding auctions for nonprofit or charitable entities, the inventive concepts may equally apply to commercial or any other auction in which it is a desirable to combine multiple auction items. For example, in commercial auctions, the donor may correspond to a seller or seller(s) while the charitable entity, as well as the persons authorized to edit the auction items, may be from the same or separate business entities, such as auction hosting services, auction houses, or other online services.  
         [0252]     Although the inventive concepts disclosed herein have been described with reference to implementations in an object-oriented environment, other programming techniques utilizing other data structures and memory configurations may be similarly utilize to achieve the same results as the inventive system described herein. For example, the record structures may be implemented other than as objects and the described databases may be implemented in different configurations, redundant, distributed, etc., while still achieving the same results.  
         [0253]     The above-described invention may be implemented in either all software, all hardware, or a combination of hardware and software, including program code stored in firmware format to support dedicated hardware. A software implementation of the above described embodiment(s) may comprise a series of computer instructions either fixed on a tangible medium, such as a computer readable media, e.g. diskette  142 , CD-ROM  147 , ROM  115 , or fixed disk  152  of  FIG. 1 , or transmittable to a computer system in a carrier wave, via a modem or other interface device, such as communications adapter  190  connected to the network  195  over a medium  191 . Medium  191  can be either a tangible medium, including but not limited to optical or analog communications lines, or may be implemented with wireless techniques, including but not limited to microwave, infrared or other transmission techniques. The series of computer instructions whether contained in a tangible medium or a carrier wave embodies all or part of the functionality previously described herein with respect to the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that such computer instructions can be written in a number of programming languages for use with many computer architectures or operating systems and may exist in machine executable format. Further, such instructions may be stored using any memory technology, present or future, including, but not limited to, semiconductor, magnetic, optical or other memory devices, or transmitted using any communications technology, present or future, including but not limited to optical, infrared, microwave, or other transmission technologies. It is contemplated that such a computer program product may be distributed as a removable media with accompanying printed or electronic documentation, e.g., shrink wrapped software, preloaded with a computer system, e.g., on system ROM or fixed disk, or distributed from a server or electronic bulletin board over a network, e.g., the Internet or World Wide Web.  
         [0254]     Although various exemplary embodiments of the invention have been disclosed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made which will achieve some of the advantages of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It will be obvious to those reasonably skilled in the art that other components performing the same functions may be suitably substituted. Further, the methods of the invention may be achieved in either all software implementations, using the appropriate processor instructions, or in hybrid implementations which utilize a combination of hardware logic and software logic to achieve the same results.