Abstract:
A method and apparatus for monitoring the wear of manual pliers. The principles focus on manual pliers, in which press elements can be pressed onto a workpiece and the degree of pressing that can be achieved by actuating the manual pliers can be adjusted with a presetting device. A reference position of the presetting device is measured prior to a first use of the manual pliers, this measurement involving actuating the manual pliers. By an adjustment of the presetting device, the press elements are brought into a position with a reference degree of pressing. Next, after use, the wear position of the presetting device is measured in the same manner, to bring the press elements into a position with the degree of pressing. A message is output when the degree of the wear position deviates from the degree of the reference position by more than the degree of wear permissible.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a method for monitoring the wear of manual pliers and an apparatus suitable for it. The invention furthermore relates to manual pliers, the wear of which is monitored. The invention focuses on a crimping tool, in which the press elements can be pressed onto a workpiece, and the degree of pressing that can be attained by actuating the manual pliers with a presetting device. The invention is particularly suitable for the use of crimping pliers, on which the degree of crimping is adjustable. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     DE 10 2004 009 489 A1 describes an adjustment display for crimping pliers, in which the crimping punches acting upon the crimp contacts are brought into the crimp position by a pivoted piston that is guided in a cam element. The selected pre-adjustment of the crimping pliers is indicated by an electronic display. When the crimping punches or the cam element are worn, then the value of the pre-adjustment display is incorrect, however. 
     DE 296 02 238 U1 illustrates a test device for testing of pressure tools or their components supporting the press jaws. The pressure tool or a part of same must be inserted into the test device in a specific position. During the testing procedure, a blank pressing operation is performed, where after the application of the pressure the gap width between two opposite faces of adjacent press jaws is measured. The gap width is indicated to the operator, who can then decide whether the press tool can continue to be used or not. This solution is only suitable for press tools in which the press jaws basically strike against each other during actuation of the press tool, and/or where only one degree of pressing can be realized with them. 
     DE 200 12 887 U1 illustrates a device for the wear test on crimping pliers. This device includes a test element which includes an indicator and is to be arranged between the faces of the press jaws of the crimping pliers when compressing an object. The indicator is compressed below a predetermined, comparatively small gap width. Also this solution is only suitable for crimping pliers in which the press jaws basically strike against each other during actuation of the crimping pliers, and/or where only one degree of pressing can be realized with them. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An object of the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring the wear of manual pliers, which is particularly suited for manual pliers in which the press elements can be pressed onto a workpiece and the degree of pressing to be attained by actuating the manual pliers is adjustable with a presetting device in a specified range. The object moreover is to provide a corresponding device for monitoring the wear of such a manual pliers. In particular, such manual pliers should allow monitoring the wear and to compensate for it by a subsequent calibration within pre-specified limits. 
     The said purpose is solved by a method pursuant to the enclosed Claim  1 , by a device pursuant to the coordinate Claim  12  and by manual pliers pursuant to the co-ordinate Claims  15  and  16 . 
     The method as taught by the invention serves to monitor the wear of manual pliers with which press elements can be pressed onto a workpiece. The degree of pressing to be achieved, i.e. the distance between the press elements to be obtained during a complete actuation of the manual pliers, can be adjusted with a presetting device. The presetting device can serve the purpose, for example, for adapting the manual pliers to differently sized workpieces to be compressed. In any case, the presetting device is suitable for compensating the wear of the manual pliers. During the normal use of the manual pliers, the degree of pressing to be achieved must be adjusted with the presetting device before the manual pliers is actuated, and/or the position of the presetting device must be checked. Subsequently, the manual pliers is to be actuated, as a result of which the press elements are moved towards each other up to the adjusted degree of pressing. 
     The method as taught by the invention initially comprises the step that a reference position of the presetting device is detected and/or measured. This detection/measurement occurs prior to the first use of the manual pliers following its manufacture, or after it is serviced. In this context it is therefore assumed that the manual pliers is not worn. To measure the reference position, the manual pliers must be actuated, as a result of which the press elements are brought into a position where they have the degree of pressing that was adjusted at this time. By the adjustment of the presetting device, the press elements are then to be brought into a position in which they have a reference degree of pressing. In this context it is to be ensured that the press elements actually accomplish the reference degree of pressing. The reference degree of pressing must consequently be determined directly on the press elements, for example in that a calibration standard, e.g. a mandrel gage is placed between the press elements. 
     The reference degree of pressing can alternatively be controlled using a measuring instrument, for example. As soon as the press elements are brought into the position which has the reference degree of pressing, the presetting device is in the reference position which is to be measured. The result of the first step of the method as taught by the invention provides a measure for the reference position of the presetting device. 
     In a second step of the method as taught by the invention, a wear position of the presetting device is measured. This step is done after the manual pliers has been used once or several times, as a result of which wear could possibly have occurred on the manual pliers. Also the measurement of the wear position is performed in the actuated state of the manual pliers. 
     The presetting device must be adjusted in the same manner as during the measuring of the reference position, in order to place the press elements into a position which shows the reference degree of pressing. If wear has already occurred on the manual pliers, such as wear of the press elements, then the press elements will have another position in which they can accomplish the reference degree of pressing. Consequently, the presetting device will also have a position which deviates from the reference position. In the result of the second step of the method as taught by the invention, a measure exists for the wear position of the presetting device. The invention teaches that a message is output when the degree of the wear position deviates from the degree of the reference position by more than a permissible degree of wear. This message ensures that the user of the manual pliers no longer uses the manual pliers as soon as the manual pliers, in particular its press elements, are worn in excess of the degree permissible. By this message it can be ensured that the user of the manual pliers will no longer use the manual pliers, as soon as the manual pliers, in particular its press elements, have been worn by more than a permissible size. 
     Although the user would be able to continue to achieve the desired degree of pressing, without the message the user would not know, however, whether the result of the compression would still satisfy the requirements in spite of the wear of the press elements. As a result, it can be prevented, for example, that a compression is performed with the manual pliers, which, although it may accomplish the required degree of pressing, would produce insufficient forming of the workpiece, however, because of worn press elements. The message could also be provided optically, acoustically, or even in that it prevents the use of the manual pliers, for example. 
     With the method as taught by the invention it is for the first time possible to monitor the wear on manual pliers continuously and as a result ensure that the quality of the compression result is at a consistently high level. The second step of the method as taught by the invention, namely the measurement of the wear position, must be repeated for this purpose after a certain number of uses of the manual pliers. As soon as the pliers and/or is press element have been worn by more than the permissible degree of wear, a message is output. A request for a new wear control to be performed can be generated optionally when a specified number of compressions have been performed. 
     The measurement of the reference position and the measurement of the wear position can be performed on an absolute or relative basis. Because of the low complexity, the relative measurement is preferred for many applications. The measurement of the reference position and the measurement of the wear position is then performed respectively in that a change in the position of the presetting device is measured, while the presetting device is brought into the reference position and/or the wear position, based upon a mechanically defined reference position. 
     The mechanically defined reference position of the presetting device has the advantage that it is independent from an electronically stored measured value of the position of the presetting device, for example. The mechanically defined reference position is thus even retained, if the power supply of a device for the electronic measurement of the position of the presetting device is interrupted, for example. 
     The mechanically defined reference position is preferably formed by a mechanical stop of the presetting device, in which the press elements have the minimum adjustable degree of pressing. This therefore involves a lower stop of the presetting device, based upon which the reference position and the wear position of the presetting device are determined. But the mechanically defined reference position can also be formed by a stop position, by a marking, or similar, however. 
     In a preferred embodiment of the method as taught by the invention, the position of the presetting device will be measured continuously during the normal use of the manual pliers. The measured size of the presetting device position is converted continuously to the respectively adjusted degree of pressing. For this conversion, it must be at least known what dependence the change of the degree of pressing has from the change of the presetting device position. This dependence can be measured based upon the sizing of the manual pliers, for example, or by a measurement series. The calculated degree of pressing will be indicated in this embodiment as taught by the invention, so that the user of the manual pliers can read-off the respectively adjusted degree of pressing. 
     This embodiment also has the advantage among other things that the manual pliers can be adapted easily to other degrees of pressing to be achieved. 
     As in any optional position of the presetting device, the adjusted degree of pressing will also be calculated in the reference position of the presetting device from its measured position. This particular degree of pressing is preferably stored during the measurement of the reference position, so that it can be indicated at any time later. 
     In a further preferred embodiment of the method as taught by the invention, the deviation of the wear position from the reference position is converted to wear based on the degree of pressing and is indicated. This conversion in turn is based upon the dependence of the change of the degree of pressing from the change of the position of the presetting device. In this embodiment of the method as taught by the invention, the user can be shown on request how high the amount of wear is on the manual pliers. The wear can be indicated in μm, for example. 
     The conversion of the degree of the position of the presetting device in the respective degree of pressing is performed preferably depending upon the degree of the wear position last measured. In this embodiment of the method as taught by the invention, the second step, namely the measuring of the wear position, at the same time represents a calibration of the indication of the degree of pressing. In this context, the reference degree of pressing serves as the starting point for the conversion. Respective to the measured change in the position of the presetting device, conclusions are made with respect to a change in the degree of pressing compared to the reference degree of pressing. 
     After each measurement of the wear position of the presetting device, i.e. after each calibration procedure, preferably a calibration counter is incremented, as a result of which it is known how often the manual pliers was calibrated after its manufacture, or how often the calibration counter was calibrated following servicing. Preferably a value of the calibration counter is indicated, so that it can be read-off particularly in the event of servicing. The value of the calibration counter is preferably stored in a non-volatile memory. 
     The apparatus as taught by the invention serves for monitoring the wear of manual pliers. With manual pliers, the press elements can be pressed onto a workpiece. The degree of pressing to be obtained by actuating the manual pliers is adjustable with a presetting device. The device is configured for performing the method as taught by the invention. The calibration of the indication of the degree of pressing already mentioned earlier serves during any wear that has occurred for the correction of the value of wear in the display, so that in spite of the wear of the press elements, the actual degree of pressing to be obtained is indicated, i.e. that it can be adjusted correctly. The invention teaches that this wear correction must be kept within specified limits, in order to maintain the high quality of the pressing procedure. 
     The apparatus as taught by the invention preferably includes an absolute and incremental position sensor for measuring the position of the presetting device. If an absolute position system is used, then no reference position of the presetting device is necessary. 
     With the manual pliers as taught by the invention, press elements can be pressed onto a workpiece. The degree of pressing to be achieved by actuation of the manual pliers is adjustable with a presetting device. 
     The manual pliers includes an apparatus for monitoring the wear of the manual pliers as taught by the invention. With the manual pliers as taught by the invention this can include manual pliers, for example, with which flat press jaws in pairs opposite one another are pressed onto a workpiece. The manual pliers as taught by the invention is particularly suited for applications for which very high requirements with respect to accuracy are demanded, such as for manual pliers with semicircular press jaws for the compression of pipe connections, for example. The manual pliers as taught by the invention can also be formed by manual pliers, in which the press elements have a cutting or a breaking functionality. 
     In a particularly preferred embodiment of the manual pliers as taught by the invention, this is designed as crimping pliers, with which a workpiece can be compressed that has been formed by an electrical connection element. The crimping pliers as taught by the invention initially contains a first handle and a second handle. The crimping pliers furthermore includes several press elements formed by notching elements for pressing-in multiple notches into the workpiece to be compressed. The press elements have anvil surfaces which are aligned respectively facing one another, between which a holding cross section remains for holding the workpiece to be compressed. A guide is attached to the first handle, in which the press elements are guided radially movable. A drive plate cam is attached to the second handle, which can be rotated opposite the guide. The drive plate cam has notch surfaces that are facing radially inside, which act upon the cam stop surfaces of the press elements that are facing radially outside. By a relative rotation between the guide and the drive plate cam, the press elements are radially displaced to the inside, in order to perform the pressing operation by contraction of the holding cross section. 
     The drive plate cam can be pivoted relative to the second handle by means of a presetting device formed by an adjusting screw. The manual pliers designed as crimping pliers includes moreover the apparatus for monitoring the wear of the crimping pliers. 
     Electrical crimping connections are subject to very high requirements in aircraft construction, for example. The opposite pressed-in notches must have a distance which corresponds exactly to the required degree of pressing. The notches must furthermore have the exactly specified form. The press elements of the crimping pliers can consequently be worn only by a small specified degree. From prior art it is known to equip crimping machines with apparatus for monitoring the wear. With the manual pliers as taught by the invention, it is possible for the first time to ensure such monitoring even with portable manual pliers. 
     Further advantages, details and refinements of the invention can be found in the following description of a preferred embodiment of the manual pliers as taught by the invention, by referring to the drawings, which show: 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1 : is a view of a preferred embodiment of the manual pliers as taught by the invention by representation of concealed edges; and 
         FIG. 2 : is a further view of the manual pliers illustrated in  FIG. 1 , with a presetting device adjusted to a lower limit stop. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       FIG. 1  shows a preferred embodiment of the manual pliers as taught by the invention, namely a crimping pliers. In this illustration, concealed body edges are represented by dashed lines. This manual pliers involves a manually actuated crimping pliers from crimping of electrical connections. The crimping pliers includes a first handle  01  and a second handle  02 , which are pivotable reciprocally. The crimping cavities of the pliers are opened when both handles  01 ,  02  are pivoted away from one another. The manual pliers is closed pivoting the two handles  01 ,  02  towards each other. In this closed state of the crimping pliers, both handles  01 ,  02  abut each other on limit stops. The manual pliers remains in this closed actuated state, since a rotary latch is engaged in toothing  06 . To open the crimping pliers, the rotary latch  04  must be actuated, so that it unlatches from the toothing  06  and releases both handles  01 ,  02 . 
     A guide  07  is attached to the first handle  01 . 
     The guide  07  essentially has the outer shape of a cylinder, the rotational axis of which forms the first handle  01 . Four press elements  08  formed by notch elements are arranged radially movable in the guide  07 . The four press elements  08  jointly form a crimp cavity and each have an anvil surface  09 , which is provided for pressing-in a notch into the electrical connection element to be compressed. The anvil surfaces  09  of the four press elements  08  are facing each other. During a radial movement of the press elements  08 , the anvil surfaces  09  move towards the swivel axis of the handle  01 , or away from it. The four press elements  08  have cam stop faces  11  which are facing radially outside, which strike against the cam surfaces  12  of a drive plate cam  13  facing inside. 
     The drive plate cam  13  has a circular inner cross section, in which the guide  07  is rotatably guided. The drive plate cam  13  is attached to the second handle  02 . By actuating the crimping pliers, i.e. by pivoting both handles  01 ,  02 , the drive plate cam  13  and the guide  07  rotate reciprocally. For this purpose, the cam surfaces  12  slide over the cam stop faces  11  of the press elements  08 . The cam surfaces  12  are designed such that their distance to the swivel axis changes in the direction of their peripheral expansion. This results in that the press elements which strike with their cam stop faces  11  against the cam surfaces  12  change their distance to the swiveling axis of both handles  01 ,  02 , when the drive plate cam  13  and the guide  07  rotate reciprocally. If the crimping pliers is actuated, then the four press elements  08  are moved in the direction of the swiveling axis. If an electrical connection element is between the anvil surfaces  09  of the press elements  08 , then this is compressed, in which context the anvil surfaces  09  of the press elements  08  press notches into the electrical connection element. 
     The drive plate cam  13  can be pivoted via a presetting device  14  relative to the second handle  02  by an angle of approximately 20°. The presetting device  14  includes a preferably lockable knurled thumb screw  16 , which is guided in a thread in the second handle  02 . By turning the knurled thumb screw  16 , a longitudinal bolt  17  that is fastened on the knurled thumb screw  16  is shifted, in which a transverse bolt  18  is guided. The transverse bolt  18  continues to be guided within a slot link  19 , as a result of which the displacement of the transverse bolt is limited. 
     The transverse bolt  18  is attached on a swivel arm  21  of the drive plate cam  13 . A displacement of the transverse bolt  18  via the swivel arm  21  thus produces a partial rotation of the drive plate cam  13  relative to the second handle  02 . By turning the knurled thumb screw  16 , the drive cam plate  17  can therefore be swiveled relative to the second handle  02 . In this way, such part of the cam surfaces  12 , which during the complete closure of the manual pliers acts upon the cam stop faces  11  of the press elements  08 , is variable. Ultimately, this makes it possible that the distance obtained between the anvil surfaces  09  of the press elements  08 , i.e., the degree of pressing obtained, can be selected during the complete closure of the crimping pliers. The adjustment of the degree of pressing with the presetting device  14  serves the purpose of adapting the manual pliers to differently-sized electrical connection elements and additionally also for the purpose for being able to compensate for wear of the manual pliers, particularly wear of the anvil surfaces  09  of the press elements  08 . 
     The position of the presetting device  14 , in particular the rotation of the knurled thumb screw  16 , can be measured with a rotary encoder  22 . The rotary encoder operates incrementally and outputs a defined plurality of impulses per revolution of the knurled thumb screw  16 . The rotary encoder  22  is electrically connected with a microcontroller system  23 , in which the electrical impulses output by the rotary encoder  22  are processed. The electrical supply for the microcontroller system  23  is by a coin cell  24 . The microcontroller system  23  is moreover electrically connected with a digital display  26  on which information can be displayed alphanumerically. To switch on the microcontroller system  23 , a first pushbutton  27  must be actuated, for example. A second pushbutton  28  serves for switching between different operating modes of the microcontroller system  23 . 
     In the shown embodiment of the manual pliers as taught by the invention, the distance to be obtained with the presetting device  14  between the anvil surfaces  09  of the pressure elements  08  is between 0.65 mm and 3 mm. With this distance between the anvil surfaces  09  of the press elements  08 , this relates to the degree of pressing to be achieved. In this context, the shown manual pliers is provided for degrees of pressing between 0.75 mm and 1.8 mm. One complete revolution of the knurled thumb screw  16  of the presetting device  14  produces a change of 0.2 mm in the degree of pressing to be obtained. The manual pliers as taught by the invention can also be configured for other orders of magnitude of the degree of pressing to be obtained, such as in the sub-millimeter or centimeter range. In particular, the range of the degree of pressing that can be selected by the presetting device, can also have another order of magnitude. The manual pliers as taught by the invention can also be designed such that the presetting device  14  serves exclusively for the compensation of wear. 
     Following the manufacture of the manual pliers it must be placed in the actuated state prior to the first use. At this time, the coin cell  24  is not yet in the manual pliers, so that the microcontroller system  23  is not yet in operation. Thereafter, the presetting device  14  must be adjusted to its lower limit stop. The lower limit stop is achieved when the transverse bolt  18  has reached its position that is farthest from the knurled thumb screw  16 . In this position, the transverse bolt  18  has touched against a limit  29  of the slot link  19 , wherein said limit is arranged on the left in the illustration. 
     This adjusts the smallest degree of pressing of the manual pliers that can be selected with the presetting device  14 . In the example shown in the embodiment, this is 0.65 mm. In the next step, the coin cell  24  must be inserted into the manual pliers, whereupon the microcontroller system  23  starts operating. The message “CAL” appears in the display  26 , prompting the user to calibrate. A sizing mandrel (not shown) is to be used for calibration, which has a diameter of 2 mm in the embodiment shown. The presetting device  14  must be adjusted by turning the knurled thumb screw  16  to perform the calibration. Since the presetting device  14  is initially still at its lower limit stop, the presetting device  14  can only be adjusted such that the adjusted degree of pressing becomes larger. After the adjusted degree of pressing has approximately reached the size of the sizing mandrel, the user must carefully check whether the sizing mandrel can slide between the anvil surfaces  09  of the press elements  08  without play. Should this not be possible, the degree of pressing must be further enlarged. 
     Once the sizing mandrel has play when sliding between the anvil surfaces  09  of the press elements  08 , then it must be removed again and the degree of pressing must be reduced again, and subsequently it must be checked again whether the sizing mandrel slides between the anvil surfaces  09  of the press elements  08  without play. As soon as a degree of pressing has been adjusted using the presetting device  14 , which equals the size of the sizing mandrel, the microcontroller system  23  must be prompted to store the measured value for the position of the presetting device  14 . To do so, the second pushbutton  28  must be actuated for a time between 4 seconds and 8 seconds, wherein the first pushbutton  27  must have been activated when the second pushbutton  28  is released. Since the insertion of the coin cell  24 , the microcontroller system  23  has counted all impulses of the rotary encoder  22 . 
     The number of these impulses is a measure for the distance of the smallest adjustable degree of pressing at the lower limit stop of the presetting device  14  and for the degree of pressing adjusted with the sizing mandrel. The number of the impulses of the rotary encoder  22  directly represents the measure of the adjustment of the presetting device  14 . Because the mathematical connection between the adjustment of the presetting device  14  and the change of the degree of pressing is known, and it is further known that at the time of incorporating the calibrated degree of pressing, the position of the presetting device  14  was equal to the size of the sizing mandrel, the adjusted degrees of pressing can be calculated continuously in the microcontroller system  23 . Also, by using the counted impulses of the rotary encoder  22  up to that point, it is possible to make an assumption as to the lowest obtainable degree of pressing that was adjusted at the start of the operation, which can then be stored. This value is filed in a nonvolatile memory of the microcontroller system  23  and can be overwritten only by programming at the factory. By incorporating the degree of pressing that was trimmed with the sizing mandrel, the manual pliers has been put into a state ready for operation. The manual pliers can now be adapted to differently sized degrees of pressing by adjustment of the presetting device  14 , wherein the currently adjusted degree of pressing is indicated in the display  26 . 
     The display of the adjusted degree of pressing will then show a deviation from the actual adjusted degree of pressing, when the manual pliers, in particular the anvil surfaces  09  of the press elements  08 , indicate wear. It will then occur that the actual degree of pressing is larger than the measurement shown in the display  26 . For that reason, the calibration procedure must be repeated regularly. 
     For this, the manual pliers must be closed and the degree of pressing must be adjusted such, using the presetting device  14 , that the sizing mandrel slides without play between the anvil surfaces  09  of the press elements  08 . If any wear has occurred, then the now selected position of the presetting device  14  will deviate from the position of the presetting device  14  during the preceding calibration procedure. This deviation can be measured by the microcontroller system  23  using a difference of electrical impulses of the rotary encoder  22 . Since the interrelationship between the adjustment of the presetting device  14  and the change of the degree of pressing is known, this difference can be converted into a degree of wear of the anvil surfaces  09 , using impulses of the rotary encoder  22 . If the calculated degree of wear exceeds a pre-adjusted permissible degree of wear, then the microcontroller system  23  indicates an error message “E1” in the display  26 . The user of the manual pliers now knows that the anvil surfaces  09  of the press elements  08  are worn to such an extent that the manual pliers must not be used any longer. The pre-adjusted permissible degree of wear in the shown embodiment of the manual pliers as taught by the invention is 0.1 mm, for example. Using the presetting device  14 , the user moreover could adjust a degree of pressing to be obtained of exactly 1.5 or 2.0 mm, for example, and calibrate the display of the degree of pressing exactly to that figure. But the user will be prevented from doing so as a result of the error message. In this way it is prevented that the user performs crimping operations in which the anvil surfaces  09  of the press elements  08  are worn more than permissible, such as when the tips of the anvil surfaces  09  are flattened. 
     Following extended operation of the microcontroller system  23 , the coin cell  24  will lose its charge, so that the microcontroller system  23  will no longer operate. The microcontroller system  23  will be operative again after a new coin cell  24  has been inserted. 
     In this context it must be ensured that the presetting device  14  is located at the lower stop of the limit  29  of the slot link  19  at the time when the new coin cell  24  is inserted. This will ensure that the relative measurement with the incremental rotary encoder  22  continues to be performed from the same reference point. In the event that the presetting device  14  is inadvertently not adjusted at the lower limit stop, then the coin cell  24  must be removed and be inserted again after adjusting the lower limit stop of the presetting device  14 . 
     If the second pushbutton  28  is actuated for a time between 8 seconds and 15 seconds, then several values will be sequentially indicated in the display  26 . Initially, the serial number of the manual pliers is displayed. Next, the one degree of pressing will be indicated which was calculated during the first calibration of the manual pliers for the reference position of the presetting device  14 . This therefore involves the smallest adjustable degree of pressing which was adjustable with the manual pliers in the non-worn state. The next value to be displayed is the wear value determined during the last calibration performed. The last indication will be the number of calibrations performed since the manufacture of the manual pliers. After each calibration, a counter is incremented in the microcontroller system  23 , which represents the number of the previous calibrations performed. 
       FIG. 2  shows a view of the manual pliers shown in  FIG. 1 , in which the concealed edges are not represented. The presetting device  14 , contrary to the state of the manual pliers shown in  FIG. 1 , is located on its lower stop.