Abstract:
A computing device receives, from a user device, a data call, and forwards the data call to a backend network device. The computing device receives, from the backend network device, a response to the data call in a first format. The computing device identifies a type of the user device and converts the response from the first format into a second format to create a reformatted response. The reformatted response addresses compatibility issues or simplifies processing by the user device. The computing device sends the reformatted response to the user device.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
       [0001]    The trend of convergence between mobile devices and the Internet is accelerating. More Internet services, including video purchasing/renting services, are migrating to mobile devices as smartphones and tablets become more popular among consumers. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0002]      FIG. 1  is an illustration of a concept described herein; 
           [0003]      FIG. 2  is a diagram of an exemplary network in which systems and/or methods described herein may be implemented; 
           [0004]      FIG. 3  is a diagram of exemplary components of one or more of the devices of the network depicted in  FIG. 2 ; 
           [0005]      FIG. 4  is a diagram of exemplary functional components of an orchestration server of the network depicted in  FIG. 2 ; 
           [0006]      FIG. 5  is a diagram of exemplary communications among a portion of the network of  FIG. 2  to relay requests from mobile devices; 
           [0007]      FIG. 6  is a diagram of exemplary communications among another portion of the network of  FIG. 2 ; 
           [0008]      FIG. 7  is a diagram of additional exemplary communications among the portion of the network of  FIG. 6 ; 
           [0009]      FIG. 8  is a diagram of further exemplary communications among the portion of the network of  FIG. 6 ; 
           [0010]      FIG. 9  is a diagram of exemplary communications among yet another portion of the network of  FIG. 2 ; and 
           [0011]      FIGS. 10 and 11  are flow charts of exemplary processes for providing a proxy service that links client applications to backend services according to an implementation described herein. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0012]    The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements. 
         [0013]    Systems, and/or methods/or described herein may provide a server layer linking the application client programs to backend services in a video services network. The systems and/or methods may receive, from a user device, a data call, and may forward the data call to a backend network device. The systems and/or methods may receive, from the backend network device, a response to the data call in a first format. The systems and/or methods may identify a type of user device and may convert the response from the first format into a second format to create a reformatted response. In one implementation, the reformatted response may address compatibility issues and/or simplify processing by the user device. The systems and/or methods may send the reformatted response to the user device. 
         [0014]      FIG. 1  provides an illustration of concepts described herein. Referring to  FIG. 1 , different types of user devices (e.g., a tablet device  110  and a laptop computer  120 ) may use different protocols and/or operating systems. Backend systems  130  may provide services (e.g., Internet-based services, such as video content distribution services) to the user devices. Some Internet services were designed before the mobile era and were designed for computer users. These services may be based on assumptions that a user device&#39;s web browser is sophisticated enough to handle heavy processing loads; and some of these services might even require an agent installation on the user devices. While these assumptions may provide adequate performance for some user devices (e.g., laptop PC  120 ), performance on other user devices (e.g., tablet device  110 ) may suffer. To obtain optimal performance, and due to the variations in hardware and software of user devices, it is beneficial to shift heavy processing requirements for these services to the server side and let user devices handle only a front end user interface. 
         [0015]    In an implementation described herein, an orchestration sever  140  may provide a proxy service (e.g., a server layer) linking the client application on the user devices with backend systems  130 . Backend systems  130  can communicate with orchestration server  140  using any preferred format, and orchestration server  140  may communicate with the respective user devices (e.g., tablet device  110  and laptop computer  120 ) using protocols appropriate for the particular user device. Additionally, orchestration server  140  may provide a unified interface for the user device to communicate with different devices in backend systems  130 . 
         [0016]    As used herein, the term “user” is intended to be broadly interpreted to include a user device (e.g., a mobile communication device) or a user of a user device. 
         [0017]      FIG. 2  is an exemplary network  200  in which an embodiment described herein may be implemented. Network  200  may generally represent user devices connected to a video content distribution network. As illustrated, network  200  may include a video content management system (VCMS)  210 , a data center  220 , a profile server  230 , a billing server  240 , a physical asset distribution system  250 , user devices  260 , a private network  270 , and a public network  280 . The particular arrangement and number of components of network  200  shown in  FIG. 2  are illustrated for simplicity. In practice there may be more VCMSs  210 , data centers  220 , profile servers  230 , billing servers  224 , physical asset distribution systems  250 , orchestration servers  140 , user devices  260 , and/or networks  270 / 280 . Components of network  200  may be connected via wired and/or wireless links 
         [0018]    VCMS  210  may include one or more network devices, or other types of computation or communication devices, to aggregate content and content metadata, process content, and distribute content. In one implementation, VCMS  210  may include a content delivery system  212  and a digital rights management (DRM) server  214 . VCMS  210  may aggregate content and transcode content into a digital format suitable for consumption on particular user devices  260 . For example, VCMS  210  may include a transcoding device to convert a video file from one format to another (e.g., from one bit rate to another bit rate, from one resolution to another, from one standard to another, from one file size to another, etc). VCMS  210  may also encrypt data and communicate with DRM server  214  to enforce digital rights. 
         [0019]    Content delivery system  212  may include one or more network devices, or other types of computation or communication devices, to deliver digital content from a backend server to user devices  260 . In one implementation, content delivery system  212  may include a streaming server that provides streaming data packets (e.g., via a streaming URL) to user devices  260  (e.g., via network  270 ). In one implementation, a streaming URL may be session-based, such that each URL can be used only once for one user device  260  for security purposes. 
         [0020]    DRM server  214  may include one or more network devices, or other types of computation or communication devices, to issue, validate, and/or enforce DRM licenses to a client, such as an application running on one of user devices  260 . In implementations herein, DRM server  214  may communicate with user device  260  to authenticate a user of user device  260 , the particular user device  260 , and/or an application residing on user device  260 . For example, DRM server  214  may request/receive login information associated with the user, and compare the login information with stored information to authenticate the user. Additionally, or alternatively, DRM server  214  may request/receive device information (e.g., a unique device identifier) associated with user device  260 , and may compare the device information with stored information to authenticate user device  260 . 
         [0021]    Data center  220  may include one or more network devices, or other types of computation or communication devices, to manage the authorization, selection, and/or purchase of multimedia content by a user of user devices  260 . As shown in  FIG. 2 , data center  220  may include orchestration server  140 , a catalog server  222  and an application server  224 . In one implementation, data center  220  may be accessed by user devices  260  via public network  280 . 
         [0022]    Catalog server  222  may include one or more network devices, or other types of computation or communication devices (e.g., a server device, an application server device, a Web server device, a database server device, a computer, etc.), to provide a unified catalog of both digital and physical content for users (e.g., of user devices  260 ) to consume (e.g., buy, rent, or subscribe). In one implementation, catalog server  222  may collect and/or present listings of video content available to user devices  260 . For example, catalog server  222  may receive digital and/or physical content metadata, such as lists or categories of content, from VCMS  210  and/or physical asset distribution system  250 . Catalog server  222  may use the content metadata to provide currently-available content options to user devices  260 . Catalog server  222  may provide the content metadata to user device  260  directly or may communicate with user device  260  via application server  224 . 
         [0023]    Application server  224  may include one or more network devices, or other types of computation or communication devices (e.g., a server device, an application server device, a Web server device, a database server device, a computer, etc.), to provide a backend support system for mobile applications residing on user devices  260 . For example, application server  224  may permit user device  260  to download a video application that may permit a user to find content of interest or play downloaded or streaming content. The video application may enable user device  260  to present to a user of user device  260  information received from data center  220  in an interactive format to allow selection of particular digital or physical content. Additionally, or alternatively, application server  224  may provide content metadata, such as lists or categories of content. Also, application server  224  may authenticate a user who desires to purchase, rent, or subscribe to digital or physical content. In one implementation, the interactions between application server  224  and user device  260  may be performed using hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) or secure HTTP (HTTPS) via public network  280 . 
         [0024]    Orchestration server  140  may include one or more network devices, or other types of computation or communication devices (e.g., a server device, an application server device, a Web server device, a database server device, a computer, etc.), to link user devices  260  with other devices in network  200 , such as catalog server  222 , application server  224 , profile server  230 , billing server  240 , etc. Orchestration server  140  is described further in connection with, for example,  FIGS. 3-9 . 
         [0025]    Profile server  230  may include one or more network devices, or other types of computation or communication devices, to store user profile information for users (e.g., users of user devices  260 ). The user profile information may include various information regarding a user, such as login information (e.g., a user identifier and a password), billing information, address information, types of services to which the user has subscribed, a list of digital/physical content purchased by the user, a list of video content rented by the user, a list of video content to which the user has subscribed, a user device identifier (e.g., a media player identifier, a mobile device identifier, a set top box identifier, a personal computer identifier) for user device  260 , a video application identifier associated with the video application obtained from application server  224 , or the like. Application server  224  may use the user profile information from profile server  230  to authenticate a user and may update the user profile information based on the user&#39;s activity (e.g., with a user&#39;s express permission). 
         [0026]    Billing server  240  may include one or more network devices, or other types of computation or communication devices, to manage charging users for services provided via network  200 . Billing server  240  may include, for example, a payment processing component, a billing component, and/or a settlement component. 
         [0027]    Physical asset distribution system  250  may include one or more network devices, or other types of computation or communication devices, to track availability of physical content (e.g., DVDs, Blu-ray discs, memory cards, etc.) and provide metadata of physical content for inclusion in catalog information provided to users of user devices  260 . In one implementation, physical asset distribution system  250  may also provide physical asset information, such as location information, so that when a user wants to buy a physical asset, the system can direct the user to the nearest geographic location (e.g., to retrieve the physical asset). 
         [0028]    VCMS  210 , content delivery system  212 , DRM server  214 , data center  220 , catalog server  222 , application server  224 , profile server  230 , billing server  240 , physical asset distribution system  250 , and orchestration server  140  may be referred to herein generally as backend servers. 
         [0029]    User device  260  may include a computation or communication device to enable a user to view video content or interact with another user device  260  or a video display device (e.g., a set-top box and/or television). User device  260  may include, for example, a personal communications system (PCS) terminal (e.g., a smart phone that may combine a cellular radiotelephone with data processing and data communications capabilities), a tablet computer, a smart phone, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a gaming console, a vehicular communication system, an Internet television, a digital video recorder (DVR) rental terminal, or other types of computation or communication devices. In one implementation, user device  260  may include a client-side application that enables user device  260  to communicate with, for example, VCMS  210  or data center  220  and present information received from VCMS  210 /data center  220  to a user. The client-side application may permit a user of user device  260  to log into an account (e.g., via application server  224 ), access catalog information (e.g., from catalog server  222 ), submit an order, and/or consume live streaming or downloaded video content (e.g., from VCMS  210 ). 
         [0030]    Private network  270  may include, for example, one or more private IP networks that use a private IP address space. Private network  270  may include a local area network (LAN), an intranet, a private wide area network (WAN), etc. In one implementation, private network  270  may implement one or more Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) for providing communication between, for example, any of VCMS  210 , data center  220 , profile server  230 , billing server  240 , and/or physical asset distribution system  250 . Private network  270  may be protected and/or separated from other networks, such as public network  280 , by a firewall. Although shown as a single element in  FIG. 2 , private network  270  may include a number of separate networks. 
         [0031]    Public network  280  may include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), such as a cellular network, a satellite network, a fiber optic network, or a combination of the Internet and a private WAN, etc. that is used to transport data. Although shown as a single element in  FIG. 2 , public network  280  may include a number of separate networks that provide services to user devices  260 . 
         [0032]    Although  FIG. 2  shows exemplary components of network  200 , in other implementations, network  200  may include fewer components, different components, differently-arranged components, and/or additional components than those depicted in  FIG. 2 . Alternatively, or additionally, one or more components of network  200  may perform one or more tasks described as being performed by one or more other components of network  200 . For example, in one implementation, the functions of orchestration server  140 , catalog server  222 , and/or application server  224  may be combined in a single device or distributed among a group of devices. 
         [0033]      FIG. 3  is a diagram of example components of a device  300  that may correspond to any one of the components of network  200 . As illustrated, device  300  may include a bus  310 , a processing unit  320 , a memory  330 , an input device  340 , an output device  350 , and a communication interface  360 . 
         [0034]    Bus  310  may permit communication among the components of device  300 . Processing unit  320  may include one or more processors or microprocessors that interpret and execute instructions. In other implementations, processing unit  320  may be implemented as or include one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or the like. 
         [0035]    Memory  330  may include a random access memory (RAM) or another type of dynamic storage medium that stores information and instructions for execution by processing unit  320 , a read only memory (ROM) or another type of static storage medium that stores static information and instructions for processing unit  320 , and/or some other type of magnetic or optical recording medium and its corresponding drive for storing information and/or instructions. 
         [0036]    Input device  340  may include a device that permits an operator to input information to device  300 , such as a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a pen, a microphone, one or more biometric mechanisms, and the like. Output device  350  may include a device that outputs information to the operator, such as a display, a speaker, etc. 
         [0037]    Communication interface  360  may include any transceiver-like mechanism that enables device  300  to communicate with other devices and/or systems. For example, communication interface  360  may include mechanisms for communicating with other devices, such as other components of network  200 . 
         [0038]    As described herein, device  300  may perform certain operations in response to processing unit  320  executing software instructions contained in a computer-readable medium, such as memory  330 . A computer-readable medium may be defined as a non-transitory memory device. A memory device may include space within a single physical memory device or spread across multiple physical memory devices. The software instructions may be read into memory  330  from another computer-readable medium or from another device via communication interface  360 . The software instructions contained in memory  330  may cause processing unit  320  to perform processes described herein. Alternatively, hardwired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with software instructions to implement processes described herein. Thus, implementations described herein are not limited to any specific combination of hardware circuitry and software. 
         [0039]    Although  FIG. 3  shows exemplary components of device  300 , in other implementations, device  300  may include fewer components, different components, differently arranged components, or additional components than depicted in  FIG. 3 . As an example, in some implementations, input device  340  and/or output device  350  may not be implemented by device  300 . In these situations, device  300  may be a “headless” device that does not explicitly include an input or an output device. Alternatively, or additionally, one or more components of device  300  may perform one or more other tasks described as being performed by one or more other components of device  300 . 
         [0040]      FIG. 4  is a diagram of example functional components of orchestration server  140 . In one implementation, the functions described in connection with  FIG. 4  may be performed by one or more components of device  300  ( FIG. 3 ). As shown in  FIG. 4 , orchestration server  140  may include a formatting module  410 , a distribution module  420 , an aggregation module  430 , a cache module  440 , and a client profile module  450 . 
         [0041]    Formatting module  410  may receive information (e.g., responses to data calls initiated by user devices  260 ) from backend servers in network  200  (e.g., content delivery system  212 , DRM server  214 , catalog server  222 , application server  224 , profile server  230 , billing server  240 , and/or physical asset distribution system  250 ). For example, formatting module  410  may receive a Web service response (e.g., a video catalog listing responsive to a data call from one of user devices  260 ) from a backend server (e.g., catalog server  222 ). Formatting module  410  may identify a type of device (or operating system) being used on user device  260 . Formatting module  410  may determine the type of user device, for example, based on information in the data call, or information previously provided by user device  260  (such as login information and/or account profile information associated with user device  260 ). In one implementation, formatting module  410  may include a table, database, or another data structure that maps types of devices to operating systems and/or other information. In another implementation, device type information obtained during a login or registration process may include operating system and/or application version information. 
         [0042]    Based on the type of user device  260 , formatting module  410  may reformat the contents of the Web service response according to the user device needs to ensure compatibility and/or simplify processing by user device  260 . For example, if the Web service response is provided from a backend server in SOAP (e.g., formerly defined as Simple Object Access Protocol) format as a default, formatting module  410  may reformat the Web services response to Extensible Markup Language (XML) format, JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) format, or another format; or pass through the SOAP format, depending on the type of user device  260 . Additionally, or alternatively, formatting module  410  may receive client requests (e.g., data calls) from user devices  260  and, if necessary, may reformat the client requests into a unified format before forwarding to backend servers in network  200 . 
         [0043]    Distribution module  420  may provide a unified interface to user device  260  and call multiple backend servers based on a single data call from user device  260 . For example, distribution module  420  may receive a data call (e.g., from one of user devices  260 ) and identify multiple backend servers that need to respond to the call. Distribution module  420  may forward the data call (e.g., either simultaneously or serially, depending on the context) to each of the multiple backend servers. Thus, distribution module  420  may allow a user device to make a single data call and access multiple responsible backend servers. Furthermore, backend servers (e.g., backend servers  510 ) may have different formats; orchestration server  140  (e.g., distribution module  420  in conjunction with formatting module  410 ) handles these different formats and converts the different formats to provide one unified format to user device  260 . 
         [0044]    Aggregation module  430  may provide aggregated results to user device  260  in a uniformed format. In one implementation, if a response to user device  260  involves input from multiple backend servers, aggregation module  430  may receive the input from each backend server, compile the input, and provide the input to user device  260 . For example, if user device  260  provides a keyword search request (e.g., for a video catalog) that spans multiple forms of content, the search may require a query by multiple catalog servers (e.g., catalog servers  222 ). Each of the catalog servers may provide search results to orchestration server  140 , which may, in turn, compile the search results into a single file. In one implementation, aggregation module  430  may provide the file to formatting module  410  for distribution to user device  260  in the appropriate format (e.g., consistent with the particular type of user device  260 ). 
         [0045]    Cache module  440  may provide a short-term cache for relatively static results from backend servers. For example, cache module may temporarily store responses from backend servers and/or aggregated results (e.g., from aggregation module  430 ). Cache module  440  may respond to subsequent identical requests using data stored in cache module  440  to provide better response rates (e.g., better than if additional communications with backend servers were required). Cache module  440  may delete or overwrite data from temporary storage after a predetermined time, which may correspond to, for example, a refresh rate of data accessed by backend servers in network  200 . 
         [0046]    Client profile module  450  may collect client behavior data that may be used for multiple business purposes. In one implementation, client profile module  450  may include an “opt in” requirement to enable a user of user device  260  to permit collection of client behavior data. Client behavior data may include, for example, content viewed on a particular user device  260 , viewing times of content on a particular user device, applications used, catalog usage data (e.g., searches performed, items browsed), user feedback, etc. Client profile module  450  may collect client behavior data and provide the data (or subsets of the data) to one or more data collection servers. 
         [0047]    Although  FIG. 4  shows example functional components of orchestration server  140 , in other implementations, orchestration server  140  may include fewer functional components, different functional components, differently-arranged functional components, and/or additional functional components than depicted in  FIG. 4 . Alternatively, or additionally, one or more functional components of orchestration server  140  may perform one or more tasks described as being performed by one or more other functional components of orchestration server  140 . 
         [0048]      FIG. 5  is a diagram of exemplary communications among a portion  500  of network  200 . As shown in  FIG. 5 , network portion  500  may include three user devices  260  (indicated as user devices  260 - 1 ,  260 - 2  and  260 - 3 ), orchestration server  140 , and a backend server  510 . The particular arrangement and number of components of network portion  500  are illustrated for simplicity. In practice there may be more user devices  260 , orchestration servers  140 , and/or backend servers  510 . 
         [0049]    Communications in  FIG. 5  may include communications to relay requests between user devices  260  and a backend server  510 . User devices  260  may each include different front-end client applications. In examples described herein, user device  260 - 1  may include a mobile device operating system (e.g., Google&#39;s Android OS, Apple&#39;s iOS, etc.); user device  260 - 2  may include a laptop computer using a full-featured web browser/operating system; and user device  260 - 3  may include a device using a Microsoft Windows CE operating system. Backend server  510  may include, for example, one or more of VCMS  210 , content delivery system  212 , DRM server  214 , data center  220 , catalog server  222 , application server  224 , profile server  230 , billing server  240 , and physical asset distribution system  250 . 
         [0050]    As shown in  FIG. 5 , backend server  510  may generate request/response communications  520 . Request/response communications  520  may include, for example, communications to support an application (e.g., a front-end application for a video content delivery system) running on one of user devices  260 . In one implementation, request/response  520  may include a Web services exchange in conformance with standards of the World Wide Web Consortium. For example, request/response communications  520  may include a remote call (e.g., a SOAP over HTTP call) to invoke a set of application programing interfaces (APIs) for backend server  510  to extract and return video catalog information. Backend server  510  may receive request/response communications  520  in any format, such as XML, SOAP, JSON, or another format. Request/response communications  520  may also include responsive communications from backend server  510  to orchestration server  140  in any format. 
         [0051]    XML communications  530  may include communications between an application (e.g., a front-end application for a video content delivery system) running on user device  260 - 1  and orchestration server  140 . XML communications  530  may provide, for example, a data-exchange format (e.g., XML-RPC) optimally supported by a mobile device operating system running on user device  260 - 1 . 
         [0052]    SOAP communications  540  may include communications between an application (e.g., a front-end application for a video content delivery system) running on user device  260 - 2  and orchestration server  140 . SOAP communications  540  may provide, for example a data-exchange format (e.g., SOAP) optimally supported by a full-featured web browser interface running on user device  260 - 2 . 
         [0053]    JSON communications  550  may include communications between an application (e.g., a front-end application for a video content delivery system) running on user device  260 - 3  and orchestration server  140 . JSON communications  550  may provide, for example, a data-exchange format (e.g., JSON) optimally supported by a Window CE operating system running on user device  260 - 3 . 
         [0054]    In one implementation, orchestration server  140  (e.g., formatting module  410 ) may receive request/response communications  520  and may reformat the contents of request/response communications  520 , depending on the type of client operating system employed by user devices  260 , before forwarding the response to the respective user device  260 . As shown in  FIG. 5 , orchestration server  140  may reformat request/response communication  520  into XML communications  530  for user device  260 - 1  (assuming request/response communications  520  are directed to user device  260 - 1 ). Similarly, orchestration server  140  may reformat request/response communication  520  into SOAP communications  540  for user device  260 - 2  (assuming request/response communications  520  are directed to user device  260 - 2 ) and may reformat request/response communications  520  into JSON communications  550  for user device  260 - 3  (assuming request/response communications  520  are directed to user device  260 - 3 ). Thus, orchestration server  140  may reformat or pass through the contents of request/response  520  based on needs of the particular user device  260  to simplify the processing needs of user devices  260 . 
         [0055]    In another implementation, orchestration server  140  (e.g., formatting module  410 ) may receive XML communications  530 , SOAP communications  540 , and/or JSON communications  550  from user devices  260  and may reformat the contents of XML communications  530 , SOAP communications  540 , and/or JSON communications  550  into a different format depending on the type of communications format employed by backend servers  510 . Thus, orchestration server  140  may reformat or pass through the contents of XML communications  530 , SOAP communications  540 , and/or JSON communications  550  in a unified format as request/response communications  520  to reduce the processing burden on backend servers  510 . 
         [0056]      FIG. 6  is a diagram of exemplary communications among a portion  600  of network  200 . As shown in  FIG. 6 , network portion  600  may include one user device  260 , orchestration server  140 , and three backend servers  510  (indicated as backend servers  510 - 1 ,  510 - 2  and  510 - 3 ). The particular arrangement and number of components of network portion  600  are illustrated for simplicity. In practice there may be more user devices  260 , proxy servers  140 , and/or backend servers  510 . 
         [0057]    Communications in  FIG. 6  may include communications to provide a unified interface between a user device  260  and multiple backend servers  510 . User device  260  and backend servers  510  may include features described above in connection with any of  FIGS. 1-5 . 
         [0058]    As shown in  FIG. 6 , orchestration server  140  (e.g., distribution module  420 ) may receive a data call  610  (e.g., an HTTP data call that may correspond to any of XML communications  530 , SOAP communications  540 , and/or JSON communications  550  from user devices  260 ) using a format supported by a type of client operating system employed by user devices  260 . For example, data call  610  may include XML-RPC, SOAP, JSON, or another format. Data call  610  may require processing/responses by different backend servers  510 . For example, data call  610  may include a search query (e.g., for a video catalog, profile data, etc.) that may require searches by multiple servers (e.g., multiple catalog servers  222 , catalog server  222  and application server  224 , etc.) or one of multiple possible servers. 
         [0059]    Orchestration server  140  (e.g., distribution module  420 ) may distribute data call  610  to backend servers  510 - 1 ,  510 - 2 , and/or  510 - 3 , as indicated by reference numbers  620 ,  630 , and  640 , respectively. Orchestration server  140  may, for example, identify the requirements of data call  610  and forward data call  610  to one or more particular backend servers  510  that are configured to process data call  610 . For example, if a data call includes search criteria indicating two separate database systems, orchestration server  140  may forward data call  610  to a backend servers  510  associated with each database system. Thus, orchestration server  140  may provide a unified interface to user device  260  and can call different backend servers  510  depending on the content of data call  610 . In one implementation, orchestration server  140  may reformat the content of data call  610 , as described above with respect to  FIG. 5 , before forwarding the content of data call  610 . 
         [0060]      FIG. 7  is a diagram of further exemplary communications among portion  600  of network  200 . Communications in  FIG. 7  may include communications to provide results aggregation from multiple backend servers  510  to user device  260 . 
         [0061]    As shown in  FIG. 7 , orchestration server  140  (e.g., aggregation module  430 ) may receive a data call response  710  from backend server  510 - 1 , a data call response  720  from backend server  510 - 2 , and a data call response  730  from backend server  510 - 3 . Each of data call responses  710 ,  720 , and  730  may include, for example, a response to a data call (e.g., data call  610  of  FIG. 6 ) generated by user device  260 . Orchestration server  140  may aggregate information from data call responses  710 ,  720 , and  730 , may process the aggregated information, and may pack the aggregated information for an application client on user device  260  to consume. Orchestration server  140  may format the packed information into a unified format (e.g., XML-RPC, SOAP, JSON, or another format suitable for the application client on user device  260 ) and may forward the aggregated information to user device  260  as an aggregated data call response  740 . In instances when user device  260  is communicating over a connection with limited bandwidth (e.g., a wireless access network), use of orchestration server  140  may reduce the number of data calls and/or data call responses exchanged over the wireless access network (e.g., when compared to requiring multiple separate data calls between user device  260  and backend servers  510 - 1 ,  510 - 2 , and  510 - 3 ). 
         [0062]    In one implementation, aggregation by orchestration server  140  may involve sequential and multiple data calls to backend servers  510  in order to form the final unified results (e.g., aggregated data call response  740 ). For example, data call response  710  may return search results corresponding to a keyword search from user device  260 . Data call  720  may correspond to retrieving a user profile and preferences. Backend server  510 - 3  may be a recommendation engine. Thus, the search results obtained from data call response  710  and user preferences from data call response  720  may be passed to backend server  510 - 3 , and orchestration server  140  may receive back the recommended search results through data call response  730 . Finally, the response to the keyword search is sent back to user device  260  as the aggregated data call response  740 . 
         [0063]      FIG. 8  is a diagram of further exemplary communications among portion  600  of network  200 . Communications in  FIG. 8  may include communications to implement a short term cache. In response to a data call (not shown), orchestration server  140  may receive data call responses  810 ,  820 , and  830  from backend servers  510 - 1 ,  510 - 2 , and  510 - 3 , respectively. In one implementation, orchestration server  140  may aggregate data call responses  810 ,  820 , and  830  (e.g., as shown in  FIG. 7 ). Orchestration server  140  may forward data call responses  810 ,  820 , and  830  (e.g., either aggregated or separately) to user device  260 . Orchestration server  140  (e.g., cache module  440 ) may also temporarily store certain types of data from data call responses  810 ,  820 , and  830  in a local cache (e.g., memory  330  of  FIG. 3 ). In one implementation, orchestration server  140  may store data from data call responses  810 ,  820 , and  830  for a set time period that is less than or equal to a refresh rate of the corresponding data stored on backend servers  510 - 1 ,  510 - 2 , and  510 - 3 . 
         [0064]    As shown in  FIG. 8 , user device  260  may generate a subsequent data call  840 . Assuming subsequent data call  840  requests data originally included in data call responses  810 ,  820 , or  830 , and further assuming that subsequent data call  840  is provided before an expiration period for the local cache, orchestration server  140  (e.g., cache module  440 ) may retrieve responsive data from the local cache and provide a response from cache  850  to user device  260 . Use of the local cache may provide a faster response time and improved user experience for user device  260 . 
         [0065]      FIG. 9  is a diagram of exemplary communications among portion  900  of network  200 . As shown in  FIG. 9 , network portion  900  may include three user devices  260  (indicated as user devices  260 - 1 ,  260 - 2 , and  260 - 3 ), orchestration server  140 , and two data collection servers  910  (indicated as data collection servers  910 - 1  and  910 - 2 ). The particular arrangement and number of components of network portion  900  are illustrated for simplicity. In practice there may be more user devices  260 , orchestration servers  140 , and/or data collection servers  910 . 
         [0066]    Communications in  FIG. 9  may include communications to collect client profile data. Data collection servers  910  may be implemented by, for example, one or more devices associated with VCMS  210 , data center  220 , profile server  230 , billing server  240 , and physical asset distribution system  250 . In another implementation, data collection server  910  may be associated with another network (e.g., other than network  200 ) and/or other business uses. 
         [0067]    As shown in  FIG. 9 , orchestration server  140  may receive XML communications  530 , SOAP communications  540 , and/or JSON communications  550 . Orchestration server  140  may reformat or pass through the contents of XML communications  530 , SOAP communications  540 , and/or JSON communications  550  to one or more backend servers (not shown in  FIG. 9 ). Based on XML communications  530 , SOAP communications  540 , and/or JSON communications  550 , orchestration server  140  (e.g., client profile module  450 ) may collect client behavior data associated with user devices  260 . For example, orchestration server  140  may extract information from data calls in XML communications  530 , SOAP communications  540 , and/or JSON communications  550  that reflect user input, such as requests for video catalog data, catalog browsing activities, video content orders, user ratings/feedback, etc. 
         [0068]    Orchestration server  140  may provide the collected client behavior data to one or more of data collection servers  910 , as indicated by references numbers  920  and  930 . In one implementation, profile data  920  and profile data  930  may include the same data distributed to different data collection servers  910  (e.g., data collection servers  910 - 1  and  910 - 2 , respectively). In another implementation, orchestration server  140  may parse the collected client behavior data such that profile data  920  and profile data  930  include different (and possibly overlapping) subsets of the collected client behavior data. 
         [0069]      FIGS. 10 and 11  are flow charts of an exemplary process  1000  for providing a proxy service that links client applications to backend services according to an implementation described herein. In one implementation, process  1000  may be performed by orchestration server  140 . In another implementation, some or all of process  1000  may be performed by another device or group of devices, including or excluding orchestration server  140 . 
         [0070]    As illustrated in  FIG. 10 , process  1000  may include receiving a data call from a user device (block  1010 ), forwarding the data call to a backend server (block  1020 ), and receiving, from the backend server, a response to the data call in a first format (block  1030 ). For example, orchestration server  140  may receive a data call from user devices  260  that may correspond to any of XML communications  530 , SOAP communications  540 , and/or JSON communications  550 . Orchestration server  140  may forward the data call to backend server  510 , and may receive a response to the data call from backend server  510  (e.g., via request/response communications  520 ) in a format such as SOAP, XML, or JSON. 
         [0071]    As further shown in  FIG. 10 , process  1000  may include identifying a type of the user device (block  1040 ), and determining if the first format is compatible with the type of user device ( 1050 ). For example, orchestration server  140  may (e.g., formatting module  410 ) may identify a type of device (an operating system, a client application, a version thereof, etc.) being used on user device  260  and may reformat the contents of the Web service response according to the device needs to simplify processing by user device  260 . Orchestration server  140  may determine the type of device, the operating system, etc., for example, based on information in the data call, or information previously provided by user device  260  (such as login information and/or account profile information associated with user device  260 ). 
         [0072]    If the first format is not compatible with the type of user device ( 1050 —NO), process  1000  may also include converting the response from the first format to a format compatible with the type of user device (block  1060 ). After the response is converted, or if the first format is compatible with the type of user device ( 1050 —YES), process  1000  may include sending the response to the data call to the user device in the format compatible with the type of user device (block  1070 ). For example, in implementations described above in connection with  FIG. 5 , orchestration server  140  (e.g., formatting module  410 ) may receive request/response communications  520  and may reformat the contents of request/response communications  520 , depending on the type of client operating system employed by user devices  260 , before forwarding the response to the respective user device  260 . 
         [0073]    Process blocks  1020  and  1030  may include the process blocks depicted in  FIG. 11 . As shown in  FIG. 11 , process blocks  1020 / 1030  may include identifying multiple backend severs to process the data call (block  1110 ) and sending the data call to each identified backend server (block  1120 ). For example, orchestration server  140  (e.g., distribution module  420 ) may receive a data call  610  (e.g., an HTTP data call that may correspond to any of XML communications  530 , SOAP communications  540 , and/or JSON communications  550  from user devices  260 ). Orchestration server  140  may, for example, identify the requirements of data call  610  and forward data call  610  to one or more particular backend servers  510  that are configured to process data call  610 , as indicated by reference numbers  620 ,  630 , and  640 , respectively. 
         [0074]    Process blocks  1020 / 1030  may also include receiving separate responses to the data call from each of the multiple backend servers (block  1130 ), and aggregating the separate responses into a single response to the data call (block  1140 ). For example, orchestration server  140  (e.g., aggregation module  430 ) may receive a data call response  710  from backend server  510 - 1 , a data call response  720  from backend server  510 - 2 , and a data call response  730  from backend server  510 - 3 . Each of data call responses  710 ,  720 , and  730  may include, for example, a response to a data call (e.g., data call  610  of  FIG. 6 ) generated by user device  260 . Orchestration server  140  may aggregate information from data call responses  710 ,  720 , and  730 , may process the aggregated information, and may pack the aggregated information for an application client on user device  260  to consume. 
         [0075]    Systems and/or methods described herein may provide a server layer that links client applications with backend services of a video content distribution system. The systems and/or methods may relay client requests between backend servers and client user devices to improve overall performance. The systems and/or methods may provide different message formats for different client user devices and may reformat contents based on the type of user device to simplify the processing needs from the user devices. The systems and/or methods may provide a unified interface to the client user devices and may provide results aggregation for requests directed to multiple backend servers. The systems and/or methods may provide a short term cache for relatively static results from backend servers. The systems and/or methods may also collect client behavior data for other business uses. 
         [0076]    The foregoing description of exemplary implementations provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the embodiments described herein to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of the embodiments. Further, while series of acts have been described with respect to  FIGS. 10 and 11 , the order of the acts may be varied in other implementations. Moreover, non-dependent acts may be implemented in parallel. Additionally, other processes described in this description may be varied and/or acts performed in parallel. 
         [0077]    It will also be apparent that various features described above may be implemented in many different forms of software, firmware, and hardware in the implementations illustrated in the figures. The actual software code or specialized control hardware used to implement the various features is not limiting. Thus, the operation and behavior of the features of the invention were described without reference to the specific software code—it being understood that one would be able to design software and control hardware to implement the various features based on the description herein. 
         [0078]    Further, certain features described above may be implemented as “logic” that performs one or more functions. This logic may include hardware, such as one or more processors, microprocessors, application specific integrated circuits, or field programmable gate arrays, software, or a combination of hardware and software. 
         [0079]    In the preceding specification, various preferred embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto, and additional embodiments may be implemented, without departing from the broader scope of the invention as set forth in the claims that follow. The specification and drawings are accordingly to be regarded in an illustrative rather than restrictive sense. 
         [0080]    No element, act, or instruction used in the description of the present application should be construed as critical or essential to the invention unless explicitly described as such. Also, as used herein, the article “a” is intended to include one or more items. Where only one item is intended, the term “one” or similar language is used. Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise.