Abstract:
A coupling device is provided for receiving and securing a ball, the ball being attached to the structure to be coupled, including a tow vehicle in the case of a trailer hitch application. Various embodiments of the device for both tongue and “goose neck” trailer hitch applications are included, which provide for simple and effective latching and unlatching, including operation from the perimeter of the vehicle. Hands free latching is provided for all coupling embodiments. A pivoting ball support with one or more recessed faces is rotated and displaced as the ball enters the device, and is returned to a position whereby the ball is prevented from exiting the device. Various provisions are made for retaining the pivoting ball support in this position after such latching has occurred. Provisions for unlatching include various handles and hand pushed structure. Vertical adaptations are provided for use on gates and the like.

Description:
REFERENCE TO PRIOR APPLICATIONS  
       [0001]    The present application is a divisional application from the parent application having Ser. No. 09/761,968, said parent being a continuation-in-part to a first continuation-in-part application filed Jun. 14, 2000, Ser. No. 09/593,454, entitled “Device for Receiving and Securing A Ball,” having the same inventors. The first continuation-in-part application is a continuation-in-part of a nonprovisional application filed Mar. 17, 1999, Ser. No. 09/271,015, entitled “Device for Receiving and Securing A Ball,” also having the same inventors. The nonprovisional application was a conversion of a first provisional application to a nonprovisional application. The provisional application number is 60/078,993 filed Mar. 23, 1998. The title of the application is “Device For Receiving and Securing A Hitch Ball.” 
         [0002]    The application filed Mar. 17, 1999, also converted a second provisional patent application to a nonprovisional application. This second provisional application is application number 60/116,060, having a filing date of Jan. 15, 1999. The title of the application is “Device For Receiving and Securing A Hitch Ball.” This second provisional application incorporated and supplemented the first provisional application.  
         [0003]    Applicants claim the benefit, to the full extent available, of the effective filing date of the application filed Mar. 17, 1999. 
     
    
     
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0004]    This invention relates to a simple and convenient, tongue mounted receiving end of a “ball” coupler, of the type commonly used for trailers, recreational vehicles, and boats. The device is also adaptable to general coupling applications, e.g., gate and door fasteners, shelving, and other applications wherein it is desirable to couple two objects together simply and quickly.  
           [0005]    With regard to couplers in particular, many coupler devices are currently available which connect to the typical hitch ball. However, most of these include unduly large and complicated mechanisms, with many having a multiplicity of parts. Furthermore, most require manual manipulation of the device during the attachment process. In some, manual input is required to move the device from the open to the closed position.  
           [0006]    It is a principal object of this invention to provide a compactly configured and easy-to-use hitch ball receiving mechanism, having an uncomplicated locking mechanism and a minimum of moving parts.  
           [0007]    Another object is to provide a mechanism which requires no manual manipulation during the process in which the hitch ball is secured.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0008]    Our invention is an easy to use coupling device having an uncomplicated latching mechanism and a minimum of moving parts. It is particularly suited for receiving a typical trailer hitch ball. Our device is compactly configured and requires no manual manipulation of the latching mechanism during the attachment of the device to a typical hitch ball.  
           [0009]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a ball is provided, comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the pivoting ball support further having: a first face, the pivoting ball support first face having a recess, the pivoting ball support first face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support first face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the pivoting ball support first face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position; a second face, the pivoting ball support second face having a recess, the second face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball as the ball is inserted into the frame opening; a spring, the spring having a first and second end, the spring&#39;s first end being positioned against the pivoting ball support, the spring&#39;s second end being positioned against the frame, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is resisted; and a rotation member, the rotation member being attached to the pivoting ball support such that movement of the rotation member causes rotation of the pivoting ball support.  
           [0010]    In another embodiment, the pivoting ball support further has a hollow, the hollow being sized to receive the spring first end, and the frame further has a hollow, the hollow being sized to receive the spring second end.  
           [0011]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a rear interior portion, the rear interior portion defining a rear cavity, the frame hollow being positioned in the frame rear interior portion.  
           [0012]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a rear interior wall portion, the frame hollow being positioned in the rear interior wall portion.  
           [0013]    In another embodiment, the spring length is less than the ball diameter when the pivoting ball support is in the first position.  
           [0014]    In another embodiment, the degree of pivot between the pivoting ball support first position and second position is not more than 21 degrees.  
           [0015]    In another embodiment, the ratio of the pivoting ball support width to the frame width at the pivot point is not less than 0.70.  
           [0016]    In another embodiment, the ratio of the pivoting ball support width at the pivot point to the ball diameter is not less than 0.70.  
           [0017]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a slot and the rotation member comprises an extension member extending from the pivoting ball support through the frame slot.  
           [0018]    In another embodiment, the pivoting ball support extension member has an end portion, the end portion being shaped to form an acute angle with respect to the frame.  
           [0019]    In another embodiment, the ratio of the ball diameter to the maximum frame width at the pivot point is not less than 0.95.  
           [0020]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a top and at least two non-intersecting ridges on the frame top.  
           [0021]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a slot and a pair of top extensions, the frame top extensions each having a hole, and the pivoting ball support further has a top extension, the pivoting ball support top extension having a hole, the pivoting ball support top extension being configured such that the pivoting ball support top extension extends through the frame slot, the frame top extensions being positioned on the frame such that the pivoting ball support top extension hole coincides with the frame top extension holes, when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, such that a pin may be simultaneously positioned within the pivoting ball support top extension hole and the frame top extension holes, the frame top extensions each having a downwardly tapered front portion, each front portion joining one of the frame top ridges.  
           [0022]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a slot and a top extension, and the pivoting ball support further has a top extension, the pivoting ball support top extension having a hole, the pivoting ball support top extension being configured such that the pivoting ball support top extension extends through the frame slot, the frame top extension being positioned on the frame such that a pin within the pivoting ball support top extension is adjacent the frame top extension when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame top extension preventing the movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position.  
           [0023]    In another embodiment, the frame has a slot, and the pivoting ball support further has a top extension, the pivoting ball support top extension having a hole, the pivoting ball support top extension being configured such that the pivoting ball support top extension extends through the frame slot, and the apparatus further comprises a pin, the pin having at least two portions having different diameters, and a pin retaining member having a first end attached to the pin first portion, and a second end having a loop, the loop having a substantially straight lower side, the second end being biased to encompass another of the pin portions when the pin is inserted into the pivoting ball support hole, the second end encompassing the other pin portion such that the loop lower side is closely received between the other pin portion and the frame, the loop lower side preventing the movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position.  
           [0024]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a top extension, the frame top extension being positioned on the frame such that the inserted pin&#39;s first portion is adjacent the frame top extension when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame top extension preventing the movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position.  
           [0025]    In another embodiment, the number of pin portions is three, the middle portion being closely received by the pivoting ball support extension hole.  
           [0026]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a rear interior portion, the rear interior portion defining a rear cavity, the spring second end being positioned against the frame rear interior portion.  
           [0027]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a rear interior wall portion, the spring second end being positioned against the rear interior wall portion.  
           [0028]    In another embodiment, the frame further has an exterior lip, the frame exterior lip being attached to the frame proximate the frame opening, the frame exterior lip further extending radially from the frame opening, the frame exterior lip being tapered downwardly as it extends.  
           [0029]    In another embodiment, the frame further has an interior lip, the frame interior lip being shaped and positioned to extend beneath a portion of the ball positioned in the frame front interior section.  
           [0030]    In another embodiment, the apparatus further comprises means for preventing pivoting ball support movement, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is prevented.  
           [0031]    In another embodiment, the pivoting ball support rotates with respect to the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support pivot point being fixed with respect to the frame.  
           [0032]    In another embodiment, the pivoting ball support rotates with the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support pivot point rotating with respect to the frame.  
           [0033]    In another embodiment, the apparatus for receiving and securing a ball, comprises: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the pivoting ball support further having: a first face, the pivoting ball support first face having a recess, the pivoting ball support first face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support first face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening, the pivoting ball support first face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position; a second face, the pivoting ball support second face having a recess, the second face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball as the ball is inserted into the frame opening; means for resisting pivoting ball support movement, such that movement of the pivoting ball support first face from the first position to the second position is resisted.  
           [0034]    In another embodiment, the frame has a slot, and the pivoting ball support further has a top extension, the pivoting ball support top extension having a hole, the pivoting ball support top extension being configured such that the pivoting ball support top extension extends through the frame slot, and the apparatus further comprises a pin, the pin having at least two portions having different diameters, and a pin retaining member having a first end attached to the pin first portion, and a second end having a loop, the loop having a substantially straight lower side, the second end being biased to encompass another of the pin portions when the pin is inserted into the pivoting ball support hole, the second end encompassing the other pin portion such that the loop lower side is closely received between the other pin portion and the frame, the loop lower side preventing the movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position.  
           [0035]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a top extension, the frame top extension being positioned on the frame such that the inserted pin&#39;s first portion is adjacent the frame top extension when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame top extension preventing the movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position.  
           [0036]    In another embodiment, the number of pin portions is three, the middle portion being closely received by the pivoting ball support extension hole.  
           [0037]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a ball is provided, comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the pivoting ball support further having: a first face, the pivoting ball support first face having a recess, the pivoting ball support first face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support first face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the pivoting ball support first face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position; a second face, the pivoting ball support second face having a recess, the second face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball as the ball is inserted into the frame opening; a spring, the spring having a first and second end, the pivoting ball support further having a hollow, the hollow being sized to receive the spring first end, and the frame further having a hollow, the hollow being sized to receive the spring second end, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is resisted; and a rotation member, the rotation member being attached to the pivoting ball support such that movement of the rotation member causes rotation of the pivoting ball support.  
           [0038]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a rear interior portion, the rear interior portion defining a rear cavity, the frame hollow being positioned in the frame rear interior portion.  
           [0039]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a rear interior wall portion, the frame hollow being positioned in the rear interior wall portion.  
           [0040]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a ball is provided comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the pivoting ball support further having a face, the pivoting ball support face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening; a spring, the spring having a first and second end, the spring&#39;s first end being positioned against the pivoting ball support, the spring&#39;s second end being positioned against the frame, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is resisted, the spring length being less than the ball width when the pivoting ball support is in the first position; and a rotation member, the rotation member being attached to the pivoting ball support such that movement of the rotation member causes rotation of the pivoting ball support.  
           [0041]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a ball is provided, comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the degree of pivot between the pivoting ball support first position and second position being not more than twenty-one degrees, the pivoting ball support further having: a first face, the pivoting ball support first face having a recess, the pivoting ball support first face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support first face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the pivoting ball support first face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position; a second face, the pivoting ball support second face having a recess, the second face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball as the ball is inserted into the frame opening; a spring, the spring having a first and second end, the spring&#39;s first end being positioned against the pivoting ball support, the spring&#39;s second end being positioned against the frame, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is resisted; and a rotation member, the rotation member being attached to the pivoting ball support such that movement of the rotation member causes rotation of the pivoting ball support.  
           [0042]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a ball is provided, comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the ratio of the pivoting ball support width to the frame width at the pivot point being not less than 0.70, and further, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the pivoting ball support further having: a first face, the pivoting ball support first face having a recess, the pivoting ball support first face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support first face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the pivoting ball support first face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position; a second face, the pivoting ball support second face having a recess, the second face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball as the ball is inserted into the frame opening; a spring, the spring having a first and second end, the spring&#39;s first end being positioned against the pivoting ball support, the spring&#39;s second end being positioned against the frame, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is resisted; and a rotation member, the rotation member being attached to the pivoting ball support such that movement of the rotation member causes rotation of the pivoting ball support.  
           [0043]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a ball is provided, comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the ratio of the pivoting ball support width, at the pivot point, to the ball diameter being not less than 0.70, and further, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the pivoting ball support further having: a first face, the pivoting ball support first face having a recess, the pivoting ball support first face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support first face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the pivoting ball support first face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position; a second face, the pivoting ball support second face having a recess, the second face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball as the ball is inserted into the frame opening; a spring, the spring having a first and second end, the spring&#39;s first end being positioned against the pivoting ball support, the spring&#39;s second end being positioned against the frame, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is resisted; and a rotation member, the rotation member being attached to the pivoting ball support such that movement of the rotation member causes rotation of the pivoting ball support.  
           [0044]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a ball is provided, comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the pivoting ball support further having a face, the pivoting ball support face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening when the pivoting ball support is in the first position; a spring, the spring having a first and second end, the spring&#39;s first end being positioned against the pivoting ball support, the spring&#39;s second end being positioned against the frame, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is resisted; and a rotation member, the rotation member being attached to the pivoting ball support such that movement of the rotation member causes rotation of the pivoting ball support, the frame further having a slot and the rotation member further having an extension member extending from the pivoting ball support through the frame slot, the pivoting ball support extension member having an end portion, the end portion being shaped to form an acute angle with respect to the frame.  
           [0045]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a ball is provided, comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the pivoting ball support further having a face, the pivoting ball support face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the ratio of the ball diameter to the maximum frame width at the pivot point being not less than 0.95; a spring, the spring having a first and second end, the spring&#39;s first end being positioned against the pivoting ball support, the spring&#39;s second end being positioned against the frame, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is resisted; and a rotation member, the rotation member being attached to the pivoting ball support such that movement of the rotation member causes rotation of the pivoting ball support.  
           [0046]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a ball is provided, comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section, the frame further having a top and at least two non-intersecting ridges on the frame top; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the pivoting ball support further having a face, the pivoting ball support face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening; a spring, the spring having a first and second end, the spring&#39;s first end being positioned against the pivoting ball support, the spring&#39;s second end being positioned against the frame, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is resisted; and a rotation member, the rotation member being attached to the pivoting ball support such that movement of the rotation member causes rotation of the pivoting ball support.  
           [0047]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a slot and a pair of top extensions, the frame top extensions each having a hole, and the pivoting ball support further has a top extension, the pivoting ball support top extension having a hole, the pivoting ball support top extension being configured such that the pivoting ball support top extension extends through the frame slot, the frame top extensions being positioned on the frame such that the pivoting ball support top extension hole coincides with the frame top extension holes, when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, such that a pin may be simultaneously positioned within the pivoting ball support top extension hole and the frame top extension holes, the frame top extensions each having a downwardly tapered front portion, each front portion joining one of the frame top ridges.  
           [0048]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a ball is provided, comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the pivoting ball support further having a face, the pivoting ball support face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame further having a slot and a top extension, and the pivoting ball support further having a top extension, the pivoting ball support top extension having a hole, the pivoting ball support top extension being configured such that the pivoting ball support top extension extends through the frame slot, the frame top extension being positioned on the frame such that a pin within the pivoting ball support top extension is adjacent the frame top extension when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame top extension preventing the movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position; a spring, the spring having a first and second end, the spring&#39;s first end being positioned against the pivoting ball support, the spring&#39;s second end being positioned against the frame, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is resisted; and a rotation member, the rotation member being attached to the pivoting ball support such that movement of the rotation member causes rotation of the pivoting ball support.  
           [0049]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a ball is provided, comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section, the frame further having an exterior lip, the frame exterior lip being attached to the frame proximate the frame opening, the frame exterior lip further extending radially from the frame opening, the frame exterior lip being tapered downwardly as it extends; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the pivoting ball support further having a face, the pivoting ball support face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening; a spring, the spring having a first and second end, the spring&#39;s first end being positioned against the pivoting ball support, the spring&#39;s second end being positioned against the frame, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is resisted; and a rotation member, the rotation member being attached to the pivoting ball support such that movement of the rotation member causes rotation of the pivoting ball support.  
           [0050]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a ball is provided, comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section, the frame further having an interior lip, the frame interior lip being shaped and positioned to extend beneath a portion of the ball positioned in the frame front interior section; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the pivoting ball support further having a face, the pivoting ball support face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening; a spring, the spring having a first and second end, the spring&#39;s first end being positioned against the pivoting ball support, the spring&#39;s second end being positioned against the frame, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is resisted; and a rotation member, the rotation member being attached to the pivoting ball support such that movement of the rotation member causes rotation of the pivoting ball support.  
           [0051]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a ball is provided, comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the pivoting ball support further having: a first face, the pivoting ball support first face having a recess, the pivoting ball support first face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support first face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the pivoting ball support first face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position; a second face, the pivoting ball support second face having a recess, the second face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball as the ball is inserted into the frame opening; a spring, the spring having a first and second end, the spring&#39;s first end being positioned against the pivoting ball support, the spring&#39;s second end being positioned against the frame, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is resisted; a rotation member, the rotation member being attached to the pivoting ball support such that movement of the rotation member causes rotation of the pivoting ball support; and means for preventing pivoting ball support movement, such that movement of the pivoting ball support first face from the first position to the second position is prevented.  
           [0052]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a ball is provided, comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow ball passage into the frame front interior section; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support being movable from a first position to a second position, the pivoting ball support further having a face, the pivoting ball support face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening when the pivoting ball support is in the first position; means for resisting pivoting ball support movement, such that movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position to the second position is resisted, the means for resisting pivoting ball support movement further comprising a spring, the spring length being less than the ball diameter; and a rotation member, the rotation member being attached to the pivoting ball support such that movement of the rotation member causes rotation of the pivoting ball support.  
           [0053]    In another embodiment, the means for resisting pivoting ball support movement comprises a spring, the spring having a first and second end, the pivoting ball support further having a hollow, the hollow being sized to receive the spring first end, and the frame further having a hollow, the hollow being sized to receive the spring second end.  
           [0054]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a rear interior portion, the rear interior portion defining a rear cavity, the frame hollow being positioned in the frame rear interior portion.  
           [0055]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a rear interior wall portion, the frame hollow being positioned in the rear interior wall portion.  
           [0056]    In another embodiment, the means for resisting pivoting ball support movement comprises a spring, the spring length being less than the ball diameter.  
           [0057]    In another embodiment, the degree of pivot between the pivoting ball support first position and second position is not more than twenty-one degrees.  
           [0058]    In another embodiment, the ratio of the pivoting ball support width to the frame width at the pivot point is not less than 0.70.  
           [0059]    In another embodiment, the ratio of the pivoting ball support width, at the pivot point, to the ball diameter is not less than 0.70.  
           [0060]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a slot and the rotation member further has an extension member extending from the pivoting ball support through the frame slot, the pivoting ball support extension member having an end portion, the end portion being shaped to form an acute angle with respect to the frame.  
           [0061]    In another embodiment, the ratio of the ball diameter to the maximum frame width at the pivot point is not less than 0.95.  
           [0062]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a top and at least two non-intersecting ridges on the frame top.  
           [0063]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a slot and a pair of top extensions, the frame top extensions each having a hole, and the pivoting ball support further has a top extension, the pivoting ball support top extension having a hole, the pivoting ball support top extension being configured such that the pivoting ball support top extension extends through the frame slot, the frame top extensions being positioned on the frame such that the pivoting ball support top extension hole coincides with the frame top extension holes, when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, such that a pin may be simultaneously positioned within the pivoting ball support top extension hole and the frame top extension holes, the frame top extensions each having a downwardly tapered front portion, each front portion joining one of the frame top ridges.  
           [0064]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a slot and a top extension, and the pivoting ball support further has a top extension, the pivoting ball support top extension having a hole, the pivoting ball support top extension being configured such that the pivoting ball support top extension extends through the frame slot, the frame top extension being positioned on the frame such that a pin within the pivoting ball support top extension is adjacent the frame top extension when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame top extension preventing the movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position.  
           [0065]    In another embodiment, the frame has a slot, and further the pivoting ball support further has a top extension, the pivoting ball support top extension having a hole, the pivoting ball support top extension being configured such that the pivoting ball support top extension extends through the frame slot, and the apparatus further comprises a pin, the pin having at least two portions having different diameters, and a pin retaining member having a first end attached to the pin first portion, and a second end having a loop, the loop having a substantially straight lower side, the second end being biased to encompass another of the pin portions when the pin is inserted into the pivoting ball support hole, the second end encompassing the other pin portion such that the loop lower side is closely received between the other pin portion and the frame, the loop lower side preventing the movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position.  
           [0066]    In another embodiment, the frame further has a top extension, the frame top extension being positioned on the frame such that the inserted pin&#39;s first portion is adjacent the frame top extension when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame top extension preventing the movement of the pivoting ball support from the first position.  
           [0067]    In another embodiment, the number of pin portions is three, the middle portion being closely received by the pivoting ball support extension hole.  
           [0068]    In another embodiment, the apparatus, further comprises means for preventing pivoting ball support movement, such that movement of the pivoting ball support first face from the first position to the second position is prevented.  
           [0069]    In another embodiment, the frame further has an interior lip, the frame interior lip being shaped and positioned to extend beneath a portion of the ball positioned in the frame front interior section.  
           [0070]    An apparatus for receiving and securing a hitch ball is provided, comprising: a frame, the frame having an interior, the frame interior having a front section and a rear section, the frame front interior section being shaped and sized for closely receiving portions of a generally round hitch ball, the frame further having an opening, the frame opening being shaped and positioned to allow bitch ball passage into the frame front interior section; a pivoting ball support, the pivoting ball support having a pivot point, the pivoting ball support being attached to the frame at the pivoting ball support pivot point, the pivoting ball support pivot point being located within the frame rear interior section, the pivoting ball support&#39;s pivot motion being oriented for substantially perpendicular movement with respect to the hitch ball positioned in the frame front interior section, the pivoting ball support further having: a first face, the pivoting ball support first face having a recess, the pivoting ball support first face being at least partially beneath a portion of the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the frame front interior section being sized and shaped such that the pivoting ball support first face prevents the ball from passing through the frame opening when the pivoting ball support is in the first position, the pivoting ball support first face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball when the pivoting ball support is in the first position; a second face, the pivoting ball support second face having a recess, the second face recess being positioned for encounter with the ball as the ball is inserted into the frame opening; means for resisting pivoting ball support movement, such that movement of the pivoting ball support first face from the first position to the second position is resisted; means for preventing pivoting ball support movement, such that movement of the pivoting ball support first face from the first position to the second position is resisted; and pivoting ball support forced rotation means, such that the pivoting ball support first face can be manually moved from the first to the second position. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0071]    [0071]FIG. 1 is an oblique view of an embodiment of the device.  
         [0072]    [0072]FIG. 2 is an oblique view of an embodiment of the device, cut along cutting plane  2 - 2 .  
         [0073]    [0073]FIG. 3 is a side view of an embodiment of the device, cut along cutting plane  2 - 2 , depicting the latching mechanism in the closed position.  
         [0074]    [0074]FIG. 4 is a side view of an embodiment of the device cut along cutting plane  2 - 2 , depicting the latching mechanism in the open position.  
         [0075]    [0075]FIG. 5 is a cutaway side view of an embodiment of the device showing a gooseneck adaptation.  
         [0076]    [0076]FIG. 6 is an oblique view of an embodiment of the device.  
         [0077]    [0077]FIG. 7 is an oblique view of an embodiment of the device, cut along cutting plane  7 - 7 .  
         [0078]    [0078]FIG. 8 is an oblique view of an embodiment of the device, cut along cutting plane  7 - 7 .  
         [0079]    [0079]FIG. 9 is an oblique view of an embodiment of the device.  
         [0080]    [0080]FIG. 10 is an oblique view of an embodiment of the device, cut along cutting plane  10 - 10 .  
         [0081]    [0081]FIG. 11 is a side view of an embodiment of the device.  
         [0082]    [0082]FIG. 12 is a top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11.  
         [0083]    [0083]FIG. 13 is a side view of an embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 12, cut along cutting plane  13 - 13  depicting the latching mechanism in the closed position.  
         [0084]    [0084]FIG. 14 is an oblique view of an embodiment of the device.  
         [0085]    [0085]FIG. 15 is a rear view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, cut along cutting plane  15 - 15 .  
         [0086]    [0086]FIG. 16 is an oblique view of an embodiment of the device.  
         [0087]    [0087]FIG. 17 is an oblique view of an embodiment of the device showing a gooseneck adaptation.  
         [0088]    [0088]FIG. 18 is a side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 18.  
         [0089]    [0089]FIG. 19 is a top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 17.  
         [0090]    [0090]FIG. 20 is a rear view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 17.  
         [0091]    [0091]FIG. 21 is a side view of the embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 17, cut along cutting plane  21 - 21 .  
         [0092]    [0092]FIG. 22 is a top view of the embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 17, including a cut away view of the added top structure.  
         [0093]    [0093]FIG. 23 is a side view of the embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 22, cut along cutting plane  23 - 23 .  
         [0094]    [0094]FIG. 23A is a side view of the remote access handle embodiment, with the longer members shown in cutaway form.  
         [0095]    [0095]FIG. 23B is a side view of the remote access handle embodiment shown in its attached position on the gooseneck trailer structure.  
         [0096]    [0096]FIG. 23C is a side view of an additional remote access handle embodiment shown in its attached position on the gooseneck trailer structure.  
         [0097]    [0097]FIG. 24 is a bottom view of an embodiment of the device.  
         [0098]    [0098]FIG. 25 is a side view of the device shown in FIG. 24.  
         [0099]    [0099]FIG. 26 is a side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 24, cut along cutting plane  26 - 26 , depicting the latching mechanism in the closed position.  
         [0100]    [0100]FIG. 27 is a side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 24, cut along cutting plane  26 - 26 , depicting the latching mechanism in the open position.  
         [0101]    [0101]FIG. 28 is a side view cutaway depicting a typical embodiment which further illustrates the relationship between R, X, and Y which is believed to provide functionally satisfactory results for all embodiments of our invention, including embodiments utilized to secure balls of varying sizes. R is the radius of the ball housing, i.e., that portion of the frame front interior section that most closely receives the ball. The distances Y and X identify the position for the center of rotation of the pivoting ball support pivot point. These relationships are not exclusive.  
         [0102]    [0102]FIG. 29 is a cutaway side view of an embodiment depicting a handle, which is attached to the frame, with the handle raised, and the coupler in its open position.  
         [0103]    [0103]FIG. 30 is a cutaway side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 29, the coupler being in its closed position.  
         [0104]    [0104]FIG. 31 is a side view of an embodiment of the device, with a portion cutaway to expose a partial sectional view.  
         [0105]    [0105]FIG. 32 is a sectional view of the device of FIG. 31 cut along the longitudinal axis of the device, the coupler being in the open position.  
         [0106]    [0106]FIG. 33 is a sectional view of the device of FIG. 31 cut along the longitudinal axis of the device, the hitch being in the closed position.  
         [0107]    [0107]FIG. 34 is a bottom view of the device of FIG. 31 with the inserted ball shown in phantom line along with portions of the top structure.  
         [0108]    [0108]FIG. 35 is an oblique front and side view of the pivoting ball support used in the device of FIG. 31.  
         [0109]    [0109]FIG. 36 is an oblique rear and side view of the pivoting ball support used in the device of FIG. 31.  
         [0110]    [0110]FIG. 37 is a top view of the pivoting ball support used in the device of FIG. 31.  
         [0111]    [0111]FIG. 38 is a sectional view of the pivoting ball support used in the device of FIG. 31, cut along the longitudinal axis.  
         [0112]    [0112]FIG. 39 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the device cut along the longitudinal axis of the device, the hitch being in the open position.  
         [0113]    [0113]FIG. 40 is a sectional view of the device of FIG. 39 cut along the longitudinal axis of the device, the hitch being in the closed position.  
         [0114]    [0114]FIG. 41 is a bottom view of the device of FIG. 39 with the inserted ball shown in phantom line along with portions of the top structure.  
         [0115]    [0115]FIG. 42 is a side view of an embodiment of the device, with a portion cutaway to expose a partial sectional view.  
         [0116]    [0116]FIG. 43 is a sectional view of the device of FIG. 42 cut along the longitudinal axis of the device, the hitch being in the open position.  
         [0117]    [0117]FIG. 44 is a sectional view of the device of FIG. 42 cut along the longitudinal axis of the device, the hitch being in the closed position.  
         [0118]    [0118]FIG. 45 is a bottom view of the device of FIG. 42 with the inserted ball shown in phantom line along with portions of the top structure.  
         [0119]    [0119]FIG. 46 is an oblique front and side view of the pivoting ball support used in the device of FIG. 42.  
         [0120]    [0120]FIG. 47 is an oblique rear and side view of the pivoting ball support used in the device of FIG. 42.  
         [0121]    [0121]FIG. 48 is a top view of the pivoting ball support used in the device of FIG. 42.  
         [0122]    [0122]FIG. 49 is a sectional view of the pivoting ball support used in the device of FIG. 42, cut along the longitudinal axis.  
         [0123]    [0123]FIG. 50 is an oblique front and side view of the device of FIG. 42.  
         [0124]    [0124]FIG. 51 is a top view of the device of FIG. 42. 
     
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0125]    FIGS.  1 - 4  depict an embodiment of the device  10 , with FIGS.  3 - 4  showing a typical hitch ball  12 . FIGS.  2 - 4  show the configuration of the frame  14 , the frame front section interior  16 , the frame rear section interior  18 , and the frame opening  20 . The frame  14  can be made of a number of materials, including, but not limited to, cast steel, stainless steel, weldable steel, pressed steel, and mild steel. In the embodiment depicted in FIGS.  1 - 17  and  22 - 30 , cast steel has been chosen for the frame  14 . The embodiment depicted in FIGS.  24 - 27  utilizes pressed steel.  
         [0126]    FIGS.  2 - 4  depict additional frame features such as the frame lip  22 , the frame lip rearmost edge  24 , the frame lip face  26 , the frame front interior section interior surface rear part  28 , the frame front interior section interior surface rearmost edge  30 , the frame slot  32 , and the frame opening rear section  34 . The frame lip  22  extends radially around the front portion of the frame front section interior  16 , and is generally a continuation of the “dome” which forms the top of the frame front section interior  16 . The frame lip face  26  is somewhat concave, allowing a generally flush fit against a fully inserted hitch ball  12 . In the embodiment depicted, the frame front interior section interior surface rear part  28 , extends approximately 62 degrees from vertical, and generally follows the circumference of the hitch ball  12 , as shown in FIGS.  3 - 4 . In the embodiment depicted therein, a line drawn from the frame lip rearmost edge  24  to the frame front interior section interior surface rearmost edge  30  will pass beneath the center of a fully inserted hitch ball  12 .  
         [0127]    [0127]FIG. 1 depicts the position of the frame slot  32  with respect to the pivoting ball support  40 . The pivoting ball support  40  rotates with the pivoting ball support pivot point  42  from a first position, in which the pivoting ball support face  44  is in close proximity to the hitch ball  12 , to the second position, in which the pivoting ball support face  44  is dislocated, allowing the hitch ball  12  to be removed from the frame front section interior  16  through frame opening  20 . The pivoting ball support face  44  first position and second position are depicted in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, respectively.  
         [0128]    In the embodiment shown in FIGS.  1 - 4 , the movement of the pivoting ball support  40  is resisted by a first spring  46  and a second spring  48 . The second spring  48  provides a backup means for resisting movement of the pivoting ball support  40  from its first position to its second position. FIGS.  2 - 4  depict an embodiment in which the ends of both springs are held in place by the first hollow  50  and a second hollow  52  cut into the frame rear section interior  18  and the pivoting ball support face  44 . Other embodiments could easily include springs  46 , 48  being attached to the frame rear section interior  18  and the pivoting ball support  40 , by normal attachment means, including screws, bolts, hooks, or welding. Embodiments are also anticipated that will use only one spring  46 , and one or more springs having a rod within the spring  46 , with an accompanying hole, for rod movement extending rearwardly into the frame  14  from the frame rear section interior  18 .  
         [0129]    Although springs  46 , 48  are substantially horizontal with respect to the frame  14 , in the embodiment depicted in FIGS.  2 - 4 , other embodiments are anticipated which would place one or more such springs  46 , 48  in a non-horizontal position, including embodiments in which the springs  46 , 48  would have a bend provided, when the pivoting ball support face  44  is in its first position.  
         [0130]    FIGS.  2 - 4  also depict the pivoting ball support bottom end  54 , the pivoting ball support top extension  56 , and the pivoting ball support top extension hole  58 . In the embodiment depicted in FIGS.  1 - 4 , a pin  60 , connectable to the frame by a pin cable (not shown), will be against the frame  14  when inserted into pivoting ball support top extension hole  58 . Attached to the pin is a pin ring  62  that is sized to fit snugly against the unattached pin  60  end, as shown in FIG. 1.  
         [0131]    It is anticipated that the pivoting ball support  40  will also be made of cast steel, although other materials will suffice as described earlier.  
         [0132]    In the embodiment depicted in FIGS.  1 - 4 , a handle  70  is provided which provides the means by which the pivoting ball support face  44  is rotated from its first position to its second position, to allow the hitch ball  12  to be removed from the device  10 . The handle  70  connects to the pivoting ball support pivot point  42 . It is anticipated in other embodiments that several types of handles will be utilized. One or more handles connected to both ends of the pivoting ball support pivot point  42 , one or more handles connected to the pivoting ball support top extension  56 , handles directed in a forward direction along the frame  14 , handles having a “T” shaped cross piece for improved gripping, other grip devices attached to handles, and handles having one or more bends for routing the handle to various desirable locations.  
         [0133]    Another anticipated embodiment includes a handle that is elevated from approximately 15 to 50 degrees from the horizontal when the pivoting ball support  40  is in its first position. This embodiment contemplates a sufficient angle from the horizontal to allow the handle to be gripped when the frame  14  is substantially flush to a horizontal object, which would otherwise prevent the handle from being gripped.  
         [0134]    It is also anticipated that a handle hook (not shown) will be provided which will receive and secure the end of the handle, as well as other anticipated handles. Handle hooks can be anticipated to include a number of structures including semi-circular extensions from the frame that are positioned where the handle can be moved to rest within the semi-circle, thus having its movement restricted, squeeze clamps in which the handle shaft can be forced between the squeezing edges of such a clamp, a notch in the frame having an elevation at the entry which would prevent lateral movement of the handle without a preceding vertical movement, and other readily available means for securing a shaft in a fixed position.  
         [0135]    [0135]FIG. 5 shows a “gooseneck” adaptation  100 . In this embodiment the frame  102  has a top  104  connectable to a pipe or square tubing typically used in gooseneck installations, where the upwardly extending pipe or square tubing from the device  100  would telescope into another pipe, both pipes having appropriately spaced holes for adjustment of the height of the installed device. The pipe or square tubing is representative of typical installations, but are not exclusive.  
         [0136]    FIGS.  6 - 8  depict an additional embodiment  120  of the invention wherein the pivoting ball support  122  extends upwardly through a frame slot  124  such that the pivoting ball support  122  can be pushed by hand to move the pivoting ball support  122  from its first position to its second position. In this embodiment no handle is needed and the pivoting ball support  122  need not rotate with the pivoting ball support pivot point  131 . For this reason, the pivoting ball support pivot point  131  may be welded or otherwise affixed to the frame  121 .  
         [0137]    [0137]FIG. 6 also depicts a frame top extension  126  having a hole  128  positioned adjacent the pivoting ball support top extension hole  130 , such that a pin or lock can be inserted simultaneously through both holes  128 , 130 , thus locking the pivoting ball support face  132  into its first position. An exterior frame lip  133  provides structural rigidity and assists in guiding the hitch ball during the hookup process.  
         [0138]    [0138]FIG. 8 depicts a U-spring  134 , which may be adapted to all embodiments of the invention. FIGS.  9 - 10  depict an embodiment  150  of the invention wherein the handle  152  is attached to the pivoting ball support  154  in such a manner that it is moved in an upward, clockwise direction in order to move the pivoting ball support  154  from its first position to its second position.  
         [0139]    FIGS.  11 - 13  depict an additional embodiment of the hitch  160 , which has been re-configured in some respects, from the embodiments of FIGS.  1 - 10 . Furthermore, a cavity  162  is present in the frame  164 , which reduces the weight. Hollows  167  and  168  are formed in the pivoting ball support  169  and the frame rear interior section interior surface  170 , respectively. The hollows  167 ,  168  receive the spring  171  first end  172  and second end  173 . An optional backup spring  174  is likewise secured. A pivoting ball support end portion  175  extends from the pivoting ball support top extension  176 , forming an acute angle with the frame  164 . Frame top extensions  177 , frame exterior lip  178 , frame interior lip  165 , and pivoting ball support top extension hole  179 , are also shown.  
         [0140]    [0140]FIG. 14 depicts an embodiment  180  that includes the addition of channel structure  182 . The channel structure  182  attaches, or is adaptable for attachment, to the frame  14 , 121 , 156 , 164  of the embodiments shown in FIGS.  1 - 4  and  6 - 13 . The channel structure  182  extends rearwardly, and as shown in FIG. 15, has a rearwardly facing channel-shaped opening  184  sized to closely receive rectangular structure, e.g., square tubing (not shown) extending from the trailer. The square tubing or other rectangular structure may be welded or otherwise attached to the channel structure  182 . The channel structure  182  can be positioned with respect to the frame  14 , 121 , 156 , 164  such that the pivoting ball support pivot point  42 , 131 , 158 , 166  can be secured within the frame  14 , 121 , 156 , 164  in those embodiments wherein the pivoting ball support pivot point  42 , 131 , 158 , 160  extends, or can be extended, through the frame  14 , 121 , 156 , 164  such as those embodiments in FIGS.  1 - 4  and  6 - 13 .  
         [0141]    Similarly, FIG. 16, depicts an embodiment  200  which includes an A-frame structure  202 . The A-frame structure  202  attaches, or is adaptable for attachment, to the frame  42 , 131 , 158 , 160  and extends rearwardly to closely receive trailer tongue structure (not shown). Other structures for joining our device to particular trailer structures will occur to those of skill in the art upon review of this disclosure.  
         [0142]    FIGS.  17 - 23  depict additional “gooseneck” embodiments  210  and  240 . Although similar to FIG. 5, these embodiments include holes  212 , 214  in the frame  216  and pivoting ball support  218  which are aligned and sized for closely receiving a pin (not shown). An exterior frame lip  220 , is also included. FIGS.  22 - 23  also depict vertical pipe or square tubing structure  222 , which is included for the purposes described with regard to FIG. 5, above. The springs  224  shown in FIG. 21 are excluded from FIG. 23 such that a pivoting ball support stop  226  is revealed, which extends from one or both sides of the frame  228 . The extension is such that the pivoting ball support  218  rotation is halted by contact between the pivoting ball support  218  and one or more of the pivoting ball support stops  226 . A weld access opening  230  is originally present in the pivoting ball support  218  to allow the pivoting ball support  218  to be welded to the pivoting ball support pivot point  232 . It is anticipated that all, or substantially all of such welding access hole  230  will be filled by weld material.  
         [0143]    [0143]FIGS. 23A and 23B depict an additional embodiment  300  in which a handle  310  is made accessible at a distance from the hitch  320  through the hinged connection of a first member  322 , a second member  324 , a third member  326 , and a fourth member  328 . The third member  326  is hinged to the gooseneck trailer structure, and the handle  310  can, if desired, be hinged to the gooseneck structure as well. The handle  310  and four members  322 , 324 , 326 , 328  are constructed from flat mild steel, although other grades and shapes of steel may be utilized, as well as, one or more plastics. Flat, round, and hollow members  322 , 324 , 326 , 328  may also be utilized.  
         [0144]    [0144]FIG. 23C depicts an additional embodiment  330  in which a handle  332  is made accessible at a distance from the hitch  334  through the hinged connection of a first member  336 , a second member  338 , a third member  340 , a fourth member  342 , a fifth member  344 , and a sixth member  346 . The third member  340  and the fifth member  344  are hinged to the gooseneck trailer structure, and the handle  332  can, if desired, be hinged to the gooseneck structure as well.  
         [0145]    FIGS.  24 - 27  depict an additional embodiment  250  in which the frame  252  and the A-frame structure  254  are fashioned from pressed or stamped steel in a one-piece configuration. This configuration and manufacturing method will allow a simpler attachment of structures such as the A-frame structure  254  shown, and other structures for special trailer attachment requirements, such as the channel structure  182  shown in FIGS.  14 - 15 . Such other structures, and the re-configurations of the hitch necessary to support this manufacturing method will occur to those skilled in the art upon review of this disclosure and as various trailer structures are presented for attachment. A pin  256 , pin chain  258 , and pin chain attachment point  260  are depicted on FIG. 25. This configuration and manufacturing method also includes a structural lip  262  extending along the frame  252  and A-frame structure  254 . For clarity the spring(s) are not shown in FIGS.  24 ,  26 - 27 .  
         [0146]    [0146]FIG. 28 depicts a typical embodiment  270  and further illustrates the relationship between R, X, and Y which is believed to provide functionally satisfactory results for all embodiments of our invention, including embodiments utilized to secure balls of varying sizes. R is the radius of the ball housing, i.e., that portion of the frame front interior section  272  which most closely receives the ball. The distances Y and X identify the position for the center of rotation of the pivoting ball support pivot point  274 . These relationships are not exclusive and as our invention is utilized in various embodiments, the identification of permissible tolerances in the relationship between R, X, and Y will occur to those of skill in the art after review of this disclosure.  
         [0147]    [0147]FIGS. 29 and 30 depict an additional embodiment  350  which has a handle  360  hinged to the frame  362  which has a recess  364  which closely receives the top of the pivoting ball support  366  when the pivoting ball support  366  is in its first position. The rotation of the handle  360  moves the pivoting ball support  366  to its second position, as shown in FIG. 30. A hole  368  in the handle  360  is also provided for purposes of inserting a pin (not shown) or a lock (not shown).  
         [0148]    FIGS.  31 - 38  depict an additional embodiment  400  that is made from cast steel. This embodiment  400  includes a specially modified pivoting ball support  410  that pivots around a pivot point, in this instance a fixed shaft  412 , the fixed shaft having ends  414 ,  416  attached to the frame  418 . FIGS.  32 - 33  depict the pivoting ball support  410  in the second and first positions, respectively.  
         [0149]    As shown particularly in FIG. 35, this pivoting ball support  410  has a first and second face  420 , 422 , both being recessed. The two faces  420 , 422  are sized and shaped to provide extensions  424 , 426  that partially surround the ball  428 . FIG. 34 depicts the forward extent of such extensions  424 , 426  while the pivoting ball support  410  is in the first position.  
         [0150]    The pivoting ball support first face  420  recess and the extensions  424 , 426  are generally shaped to the contours of the ball  428 , while the second face  422  is recessed to the extent necessary to allow the ball  428  to completely enter the frame opening  430  while the pivoting ball support  410  is in the second position. The second face  422  recess enables the extensions  424 , 426  to extend farther forward, allowing a more complete and secure encounter with the ball  428 .  
         [0151]    A spring  440  is provided to bias the pivoting ball support  410  into the first position. As shown in FIGS.  32 - 33 , the spring first and second ends  442 , 444  are received and secured by hollows  446 , 448 . The first hollow  446  is formed in the pivoting ball support  410 , while the second hollow  448  is formed in the frame rear interior portion  450 . The frame rear interior portion  450  defines a cavity  452  that is formed to reduce the overall weight of the hitch  400 . The hollows  446 , 448  are right-angled, circular intrusions, although other shapes with sufficient depth and cross-sectional area would also secure the spring  440 .  
         [0152]    In this embodiment  400 , the pivoting ball support  410  has an extension  454  that, in turn, has a hole  456  and an end portion  458 , the extension  454  protruding through a slot  460  in the frame  418 . The frame  418  also has top extensions  462 , 464  with each having a hole  466 , 468 . As shown in FIG. 31, the protruding portion of the pivoting ball support extension  454  includes the hole  456 , the hole  456  aligning with the frame top extension holes  466 , 468 , such that a pin  470  is closely received. The pin  470  is held in place by a retaining member  472  that is attached to one end of the pin  470  and movable into a position to clasp the pin  470  with a triangular portion  474 . The retaining member is attached to a chain  476  with an attached cotter pin  478  that is squeezable for insertion and close reception by a cotter pin hole  480  in the frame  418 . A typical lock can be used in lieu of the pin  470 , particularly when security is an issue.  
         [0153]    The ability to closely receive the pin  470 , that is provided by the frame top extensions  462 , 464 , the pivoting ball support extension  454 , and holes  456 , 466 , 468  provide the means for preventing the movement of the pivoting ball support  410  from the first position to the second position.  
         [0154]    When the pin  470  is not in place, the pivoting ball support  410  can be rotated from the first position to the second position by pushing downwardly on the pivoting ball support extension end portion  458 . The acute angle that the end portion  458  makes with the frame  418  enables this more convenient and safe hand motion, as opposed to positioning the hand much closer to the hitch&#39;s moving parts to align the hand for a rearward push.  
         [0155]    Ridges  482 , 484  are positioned from the front and along the length of the frame  418  until the ridges  482 , 484  join the frame top extensions  462 , 464 . The frame top extensions  462 , 464  are downwardly swept, and of sufficient height that an intruding object that has previously struck the ridges  482 , 484  is encouraged to slide along the ridges  482 , 484  and be displaced from the frame top extensions  462 , 464  along a path that is above the pivoting ball support extension end portion  458 . This reduces the likelihood of the end portion  458  being struck, thereby loading the pin  470  and creating a possible pin shear event.  
         [0156]    The ridges  482 , 484  also protect raised lettering  486  that is nestled between the ridges  482 ,  484 . Such lettering can provide important information to the user, such as an indicator of the proper ball size to be used with the particular hitch  410 . The protection provided by the ridges  482 , 484  prevents wear and tear on such lettering  486 .  
         [0157]    As shown in FIGS.  31 - 34 , a frame exterior lip  488  extends from the frame  418  and provides structural rigidity and assists in guiding the ball  428  into the frame opening  430  during the hookup process. This feature is present in the embodiments shown in FIGS.  6 - 23  and FIGS.  28 - 30 , as well.  
         [0158]    As further shown in FIGS.  32 - 34 , a frame interior lip  490  extends into the frame opening  430  and is positioned to extend beneath a portion of the ball  430  that is fully positioned in the frame  418 . FIG. 34 provides additional detail for this feature, the feature also being present in the embodiments shown in FIGS.  1 - 23  and FIGS.  28 - 30 .  
         [0159]    The compact configuration of the components in this embodiment  400  has enabled particularly favorable dimensional relationships between such components.  
         [0160]    For example, it is desirable for the spring  440  to be as short as possible in order to reduce the tendency to bind and to reduce the section of the spring  440  that is exposed to the accumulation of mud, debris, etc. The spring length in those hitches having a corresponding spring function, cannot be arbitrarily reduced, however, and it is the unique manner in which the involved components of this embodiment  400  are shaped and positioned, that enables the use of a shorter spring  440  length than is provided in any known prior art. Unlike any known prior art, the spring  440  length in this embodiment  400  is less than the ball  428  diameter when the pivoting ball support  410  is in the first position. This is also true of the embodiments shown in FIGS.  116   
         [0161]    When compared with other known prior art hitches having a latch mechanism, where the latch pivots rearwardly to release the ball, the embodiment  400  appears optimized with respect to several other indicators of an optimal component configuration.  
         [0162]    For example, a dimensional relationship between components that is a direct indicator of the structural integrity of this embodiment  400  is the ratio of the width of the pivoting ball support  410  to the width of the frame  418 , when the widths are measured at the shaft  412 . A high ratio indicates that the shear load placed on the shaft  412  by the load-bearing pivoting ball support  410  will be distributed along the entire length of the shaft  412 , or concentrated near the shaft ends  414 , 416 , both events avoiding shear loads being applied disproportionately toward the center of the shaft  412 . In this regard, this embodiment  400  has a ratio of more than 0.70, unlike any of the above-described prior art hitches, all of which fall below 0.70.  
         [0163]    For the same reasons, a relatively higher ratio of the width of the pivoting ball support  410  to the ball  428  diameter is also indicative of an optimized structure. This embodiment  400  has a ratio of above 0.70, while the above-described prior art hitches have ratios falling below 0.70.  
         [0164]    Another indicator of an optimized structure is the ratio of the ball  428  diameter to the maximum width of the frame  410  at the shaft  412 . Generally, a hitch using a pivoting latch will be structurally enhanced if the frame structure behind the frame portion including the ball is concentrated such that the ball width exceeds the frame width and such frame structure is approximately at or within the ball&#39;s outside edges when viewed from above. This embodiment  400  has a ratio of approximately 1.0 while none of the above-described prior art hitches exceed 0.95  
         [0165]    Another advantage of the optimal configuration provided by this embodiment  400  is the relatively small degree of pivoting ball support pivoting required to release the ball  428 . The degree of pivot is approximately 19 degrees. This is lower than all the known prior art hitches described above, and no such prior art hitch is known that has a degree of required pivot less than 21 degrees when the latch releases in a rearward motion.  
         [0166]    The features of this embodiment  400  can also be provided using a pivoting ball support attached to a pivoting shaft.  
         [0167]    This embodiment  400  appears to have the optimum configuration for a cast hitch, based on our current experience, although other adjustments to such configurations may occur to those of skill in the art after review of this disclosure.  
         [0168]    An embodiment  500  is shown in FIGS.  39 - 41  that is very similar to the foregoing embodiment  400 . The pivoting ball support  510  and frame  518  have been modified to provide a lower vertical profile, thus allowing rear attachment structure to be bolted on using bolt holes  502 , in such a manner that such structure will be generally flush with the frame top  516 . As shown in FIG. 41, additional frame width is provided proximate the bolt holes  514 , the additional width providing a chamfered recess  504 , 506  at the pivoting ball support shaft ends  514 , 516 . A wider pivoting ball support  510  is also provided in this embodiment, with the pivoting ball support extensions  524 , 526  being increased in length as well. The wider pivoting ball support  510  reduces the ratio of the ball diameter to pivoting ball support width at the pivot point to approximately 0.88.  
         [0169]    Another embodiment  600  is provided that is constructed from pressed steel. FIGS.  42 - 50  depict this additional embodiment  600  that also includes a specially modified pivoting ball support  610  that pivots around a pivot point, in this instance a fixed shaft  612 , the fixed shaft having ends  614 ,  616  attached to the frame  618 . FIGS.  43 - 44  depict the pivoting ball support  610  in the second and first positions, respectively.  
         [0170]    As shown particularly in FIG. 46, this pivoting ball support  610  has a first and second face  620 , 622 , both being recessed. The two faces  620 , 622  are sized and shaped to provide extensions  624 , 626  that partially surround the ball  628 . FIG. 45 depicts the forward extent of such extensions  624 , 626  while the pivoting ball support  610  is in the first position.  
         [0171]    The pivoting ball support first face  620  recess and the extensions  624 , 626  are generally shaped to the contours of the ball  628 , while the second face  622  is recessed to the extent necessary to allow the ball  628  to completely enter the frame opening  630  while the pivoting ball support  610  is in the second position. The second face  622  recess enables the extensions  624 , 626  to extend farther forward, allowing a more complete and secure encounter with the ball  628 .  
         [0172]    A spring  640  is provided to bias the pivoting ball support  610  into the first position. As shown in FIGS.  43 - 44 , the spring first and second ends  642 , 644  are received and secured by hollows  646 , 648 . The first hollow  646  is formed in the pivoting ball support  610 , while the second hollow  648  is provided in the form of an insert  650  in a frame rear interior wall portion  652 . The hollows  646 , 648  are right-angled, circular intrusions, although other hollows and shapes with sufficient depth and cross-sectional area would also secure the spring  640 .  
         [0173]    In this embodiment  600 , the pivoting ball support  610  has an extension  654  that, in turn, has a hole  656 , the extension  654  protruding through a slot  660  in the frame  618 . The frame  618  also has top extensions  662 , 664 . As shown in FIG. 42, the protruding portion of the pivoting ball support extension  654  includes the hole  656 , the hole  656  being positioned with respect to the frame top extensions  662 , 664  such that a pin  670  is insertable within the hole  656  and will bear upon at least one of the frame top extensions  662 , 664  when the pivoting ball support  612  is in the first position. As shown in FIG. 51 the pin  670  has an enlarged first portion  696  that bears upon frame top extension  664  providing one means for preventing motion of the pivoting ball support  610  from the first position. The pin  670  also has a second portion  698  that is closely received by the hole  656 , and a third portion  700 .  
         [0174]    The pin  670  is held in place by a retaining member  672  that is attached to one end of the pin  670  and movable into a position to clasp the pin  670  with a three-sided loop portion  674 , having lower side  675 . As shown in FIG. 42, the width of the loop portion lower side  675  and the diameter of the pin third portion  700  are chosen such that the space between the frame  618  and the pin third portion  700  is substantially filled by the loop portion lower side  675 . This provides an additional means of preventing pivoting ball support  610  motion.  
         [0175]    The retaining member is attached to a chain  676  with an attached cotter pin  678  that is squeezable for insertion and close reception by a cotter pin hole  680  in the frame  618 . A typical lock can be used in lieu of the pin  470 .  
         [0176]    When the pin  670  is not in place, the pivoting ball support  610  can be rotated from the first position to the second position by pushing on the pivoting ball support extension  654 .  
         [0177]    As shown in FIGS.  42 - 45 , a frame exterior lip  688  extends from the frame  618  and provides structural rigidity and assists in guiding the ball  628  into the frame opening  630  during the hookup process. This feature is present in the embodiments shown in FIGS.  24 - 27 , as well.  
         [0178]    As further shown in FIGS.  43 - 45 , a frame interior lip  690  extends into the frame opening  630  and is positioned to extend beneath a portion of the ball  630  that is fully positioned in the frame  618 . FIG. 45 provides additional detail for this feature, the feature also being present in the embodiments shown in FIGS.  24 - 27 .  
         [0179]    [0179]FIG. 50 depicts the remaining A-frame structure  692  and structural lip  694  of this embodiment  600  that is similar to the rear structure  254  of the embodiment  250  shown in FIGS.  24 - 27 .  
         [0180]    The compact configuration of the components in this embodiment  600  have enabled particularly favorable dimensional relationships between such components, in an analogous manner to those enabled by the above-described embodiment  400 . As was the case with that embodiment, the reduced spring  640  length, the reduced degree of rearward pivot required to release the ball  628 , and the superior ratios with regard to and among the pivoting ball support width, ball diameter, and frame width at the pivot point, are all provided by this embodiment  600 .  
         [0181]    The features of this embodiment  600  can also be provided using a pivoting ball support attached to a pivoting shaft.  
         [0182]    This embodiment  600  appears to have the optimum configuration for a pressed hitch, based on our current experience, although other adjustments to such configurations may occur to those of skill in the art after review of this disclosure.  
         [0183]    Adding frame width to create chamfered recesses to the shaft (as was done on the wider embodiment  500 ) is an adaptation readily available for the other embodiments  400 , 600 .  
         [0184]    These embodiments  400 , 500 , 600  are all readily adaptable to all tongue applications, including, but not limited to, 2 inch channel, 2.5 inch channel, 3 inch channel, 4 inch channel, adjustable coupler assemblies with a clevis, and the above-described A-frames. All rear adaptations to accommodate tongue presentations, as well as, all variations in the materials used for the above-described components, are in accordance with the present invention, and will be determined by the intended end use for the overall device  400 , 500 , 600 , as will occur to those of skill in the art upon review of the present disclosure.  
         [0185]    The simple, compact and effective coupling and coupling release features of our invention will be used for many applications other than trailer hitches. For example, embodiments of varying sizes are included for providing gate and door latch functions. Other embodiments are included wherein our invention can be sized and configured as necessary for the most efficient coupling performance, including, recessed and/or integrated positioning of the invention within the structure to be coupled, as well as, vertical, upside down, angled and sideways installations. Embodiments are included wherein the structure to which the ball is attached is not aligned with the structure to which our invention is attached. In other embodiments the structure to which the ball is attached does not lie in the same plane as the frame on our invention. Also included are applications in which our invention will include the ball and/or the attachment structure to secure the ball to the portion of structure to be coupled. A wide variety of materials may be used for the components in any embodiment of our invention, particularly those embodiments used to couple lighter weight structures. Plastics, other metals, wood and other materials may be utilized. Other coupling applications will occur to those of skill in the art after review of this disclosure.  
         [0186]    The features of many of the embodiments discussed above are interchangeable with other embodiments, and it is contemplated that additional embodiments will be practiced using various combinations of such features.  
         [0187]    Although the present invention has been described in considerable detail with reference to certain embodiments thereof, other embodiments are possible. The illustrated or described embodiments are given by way of example only and other embodiments will occur to those of skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. Accordingly, the spirit and scope of the claims should not be limited to the description of the embodiments contained herein.