Abstract:
An electronic book for presenting text and/or graphics includes a scanner for scanning data cards bearing a pattern encoding the text and/or graphics. The electronic book further includes a programmed processor for decoding the text and/or graphics and a screen for displaying same. In a preferred embodiment the electronic book is provided in a compact foldable housing with an appearance similar to a conventional book including a flexible and foldable screen. The housing includes a spine having a recess to allow the folded screen to loop without damage occurring due to creasing.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0002]    The present invention relates to an electronic book or “e-book” being a device that presents text and/or graphics, for example the text of a book or magazine and associated pictures, upon an electronic screen. Such devices typically comprise a display screen, for example an LCD screen under control of a programmed microprocessor. The microprocessor reads data from a data storage medium such as a Micro-CD-ROM or memory card such as a PCMIA card and converts the data into text and/or graphics that are displayed on the LCD screen.  
           [0003]    2. Description OF Related Art  
           [0004]    One commercially available electronic book is the REB1100 available from RCA. That device has a monochrome LCD touch screen and a built in 33.6 kbps v.34 capable modem that allows digital book data to be downloaded from a remote database into an onboard 8 MB memory.  
           [0005]    In U.S. Pat. No. 6,229,502 there is described an electronic book which is configured to read digital book data from a ROM such as a PCMIA card.  
           [0006]    In U.S. Pat. No. 6,037,954 to McMahon there is described an electronic book which includes a Micro-CD-ROM drive for reading digital book data encoded onto a Micro-CD-ROM.  
           [0007]    One problem with these devices is that they rely on data storage or distribution systems which are relatively expensive and complex to implement.  
         BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0008]    It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic text and/or graphics presentation device that is capable of reading book data encoded on a low cost, high capacity medium that may be conveniently carried.  
           [0009]    According to the present invention there is provided an electronic text and/or graphics presentation device including:  
           [0010]    scanning means arranged to scan a pattern encoding text and/or graphics; a  
           [0011]    a user input control means;  
           [0012]    processing means coupled to the scanning means and responsive to the user input control means and operatively programmed to generate a data signal corresponding to the text and/or graphics; and  
           [0013]    a display means controlled by the processing means and arranged to display the text and/or graphics in response to the processing means.  
           [0014]    In order that the device be compact it preferably includes a foldable housing comprising first and second housing portions pivotal relative to each other.  
           [0015]    According to the preferred embodiment the first and second housing portions are each pivotally connected to a common spine.  
           [0016]    Batteries for powering the unit may be conveniently located in a battery compartment formed in the spine.  
           [0017]    It is desirable that the pattern be formed on a card and said device includes a roller mechanism arranged to retract the card into said device.  
           [0018]    In the preferred embodiment the roller mechanism is incorporated into the first housing portion.  
           [0019]    In order for a user of the device to readily determine if the device is loaded with a card the first portion may include a window for observing cards retracted into the first portion.  
           [0020]    Preferably the device includes a card storage magazine which may be located in the second portion.  
           [0021]    The display means may comprise a flexible LCD screen that is located across inner surfaces of the first and second housing portions.  
           [0022]    In order to reduce power consumption it is advantageous that the flexible LCD screen be of a bi-stable type.  
           [0023]    Preferably the housing includes a recess, for example formed in the spine, for receiving a loop of the LCD screen upon pivoting the first and second housing portions to a closed position in order that creasing of the LCD screen is avoided.  
           [0024]    In order to allow for a compact construction it is preferred that first and second printed circuit boards are located in the first and second housing portions respectively.  
           [0025]    The flexible LCD screen may include conductive traces coupling the first and second printed circuit boards to each other.  
           [0026]    In the preferred embodiment the user input control means comprises a joystick assembly.  
           [0027]    According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided an electronic text and/or graphics presentation device including:  
           [0028]    a scan head arranged to scan a pattern corresponding to text and/or graphics;  
           [0029]    a processor coupled to the scanner and configured to generate data corresponding to the text and/or graphics;  
           [0030]    a display screen responsive to the processor and arranged to display the text and/or graphics.  
           [0031]    According to a final aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for distributing text and/or graphics comprising the steps of:  
           [0032]    encoding the text and/or graphics as a printed pattern on a plurality of cards;  
           [0033]    distributing the cards to a plurality of users;  
           [0034]    providing each of the users with an electronic text presentation device including means arranged to scan one of said cards and convert said pattern into readable text. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0035]    [0035]FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of an apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0036]    [0036]FIG. 2 is a second perspective view of the apparatus.  
         [0037]    [0037]FIG. 3 is a third perspective view of the apparatus.  
         [0038]    [0038]FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the apparatus shown open for use.  
         [0039]    [0039]FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the apparatus.  
         [0040]    [0040]FIG. 6 is a system block diagram of the apparatus.  
         [0041]    [0041]FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view of the apparatus open and through line B-B′ of FIG. 4.  
         [0042]    [0042]FIG. 8 is a cross sectional view of the apparatus closed and through line B-B′ of FIG. 4.  
         [0043]    [0043]FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view of the apparatus through line A-A′ of FIG. 4. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0044]    The drawings illustrate an electronic book that is configured to read data encoded as a pattern printed on a sheet of card.  
         [0045]    With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, there is depicted a view of the front of an electronic book or “e-book”  2  according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. The e-book has a foldable housing including first and second housing portions in the form of front door  6  and a rear door  8  each pivotally connected to a spine  16 . A clasp  14  holds the two doors closed when the e-book is not being used. The outside of the front door  6  features a clear window  10  through which a data card  18  is visible. The data card is inserted under the window through a card slot  24  and is engaged by a roller and fed into an internal cartridge  38  (FIG. 5). On one side of the data card there is printed information for a user to read such as the title and author of a book. Accordingly a user of the e-book is able to determine at a glance the content that the e-book is loaded with. The text of the book is encoded as a pattern on the reverse side of the data card.  
         [0046]    At the top of the outside of front door  6  there is located an eject button  12 . Upon operation of the eject button, card  18  is ejected from the e-book by the internal roller mechanism.  
         [0047]    At the base of spine  16  there is located a battery cover  4  that covers a battery compartment for accommodating two AAA size batteries that power the e-book.  
         [0048]    The outside of rear door  8  is visible in FIG. 3. Storage magazine  20  is hinged to swing out from rear door  8  to a position, as shown, where data cards  22  may be stored or selected for removal and insertion into card slot  24 .  
         [0049]    [0049]FIG. 4 shows the e-book with the front and rear doors swung about spine  16  to an open position. In that position a flexible LCD screen  24  is visible. It is preferred that a VGA resolution monochrome screen be used being a passive bi-stable reflective polymer doped liquid crystal (PDLC) display fabricated on a flexible polymer substrate. By using a bi-stable screen power consumption is reduced as the screen draws zero current while presenting a static image.  
         [0050]    The LCD screen operatively displays the text of the book encoded on card  24 . A user of the e-book is able to control which page of text is presented by means of joystick  26 .  
         [0051]    The internal arrangement of the e-book may be comprehended by referring to FIG. 5 which is an exploded view. It will be noted that on the underside of LCD  24  there are located two PCBs  26  and  28 . PCB  28  has mounted directly upon it a scanner head  30 . The PCBs  26  and  28  are loaded with various electronic components including a microprocessor, RAM and ROM memory chips and power supply conditioning circuitry. It is envisaged that a VLIW microprocessor and accompanying circuitry, as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/113,053 and hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, be used. PCBs  26  and  28  communicate by means of conductive traces on the back of flexible LCD  24 . The conductive traces terminate in peripheral contact regions  58  and  60  of the LCD screen which are folded over the edges of the PCB&#39;s to form connections with contact pads on the PCBs.  
         [0052]    Adjacent scan head  30  there is located a motor  32  which drives roller  34  via reduction gearing. A switch  36  is provided to detect depression of eject button  12 . FIG. 6 provides a further exploded view internal cartridge  38  and window  10 .  
         [0053]    Power for the electric motor and various circuit modules is conveyed from a battery compartment in the spine of the e-book to PCB  28  by means of cable  29 .  
         [0054]    A block diagram of various electronic components of the e-book is shown in FIG. 6. Power from batteries  40  is conditioned and distributed by power supply circuit  42  to the various circuit modules located on the PCBs. To extend battery life, the processor circuitry is powered down whenever the screen display is constant. Near zero power consumption allows the e-book to appear to always be “on” in the manner of a conventional paper based book.  
         [0055]    Processing module  44  includes a central processing unit  46 , which communicates with BIOS memory chip  48  and RAM  50  in the conventional manner. The CPU operates according to a program stored in program memory chip  52 . The processing module receives data and control signals from eject sensor  36 , joystick  26  and scanner  30 . In a further, more complex implementation, LCD screen  24  may be touch sensitive in which case the processing module would also be responsive to command signals generated by a user touching the LCD screen.  
         [0056]    In operation a book data card is inserted through card slot  24 . In response card insertion sensor  48  generates a signal alerting processing module  44  to activate electric motor  32  thereby causing roller  34  to draw the card into internal cartridge  38 . As the card is drawn in scan head  30  converts a pattern on the card into corresponding data signals which are decoded by CPU  46  according to an algorithm implemented in the software stored in program memory chip  52 . The resulting decoded text file is stored in RAM  50 .  
         [0057]    The decoded signals are displayed as readable text on LCD  24  under control of display controller  44 . Of course, as referred to previously, in magazines and some books, such as childrens&#39; books, technical volumes and manuals, illustrations or graphics may feature prominently. Accordingly, the software stored in program memory chip  52  may also include instructions to decode figures encoded on the book data card.  
         [0058]    The processing module  44  is responsive to signals generated by joystick  26  and is programmed to allow a user to move forward or backwards through the displayed text. In particular, processing module  44  retrieves different data segments from RAM  50  in response to movement of the joystick.  
         [0059]    Several systems for encoding the data cards are appropriate and have been described in the prior art. For example, in U.S. Pat. No. 6,176,427 there is described a method for coding digital data, such as a text file, into a pattern printable on an A4 or Letter size piece of paper. In the system that is described it is possible to encode slightly more than 1 MB of data on to one side of a printed letter size page of paper using a high resolution printer and a 600 dpi scanner. In the presently described preferred embodiment the scanner head  30  is implemented by means of the scan head technology described in the previously incorporated U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/113,053 Such a scanner has an output resolution of 4800 dpi.  
         [0060]    It is further envisaged that the data card be produced using the very high resolution print heads described in the previously referred to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/113,053.  
         [0061]    Accordingly the amount of data that may be stored on a data card of dimensions 8.5 cm 33  5 cm (3.5″×2″) is approximately 1 Mb. Encoding of the text on to the data card may be performed as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/112,781 which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.  
         [0062]    Accordingly an entire novel may be stored on a single credit card sized plastic card by means of a pattern formed as an array of 16 million printed ink dots. The manufacturing cost per card is less than 1 cent, or about one fiftieth the cost of manufacturing a floppy disk. While it is envisaged that the card be made of plastic it would also be possible to use other substrates such as paper.  
         [0063]    While it is primarily envisaged that the data stored on the data card will correspond to the text of a book or magazine, it is also possible to encode an executable program file. Accordingly updates to the software program stored in program memory  43  may be conveniently distributed in the form of encoded data cards.  
         [0064]    The mechanical arrangement of the e-book will now be described further with reference to FIG. 7 where it will be noted that front door  6  and rear door  8  are independently pivoted about hinges  50  and  52 . Power cable  29  is deliberately left slack to accommodate movement of the front door  6  during closure of the book. It will be noted that the spine  16  and outer surfaces of the front and rear doors are configured so that upon fully opening the e-book the flexible LCD screen is drawn taught and flat for convenient viewing.  
         [0065]    A further cross sectional view of the e-book, with doors  6  and  8  brought to a closed position appears in FIG. 8. It will be noted that in the closed position a mid portion  54  of the flexible LCD screen  24  is able to loop into the spine by virtue of a recess formed in the spine for and front and rear doors for receiving the screen. Consequently creasing and damage of the LCD screen is avoided.  
         [0066]    Also visible in FIG. 8 are screen-to-PCB contact areas  58 ,  60  which respectively connect the underside of the PCB to the outer edges of each of PCBs  26  and  28 . As previously explained, conductive traces on the underside of the PCB provide a path for the PCBs to exchange power and data signals.  
         [0067]    A further cross-sectional view is provided in FIG. 9 through the long axis of spine  16  showing two AAA batteries located in a battery compartment formed in the spine. As will be realized by those skilled in the art, embodiments of the invention other than the preferred embodiment described in detail herein are possible. Accordingly the following claims are not to be read as limited by the preferred embodiment.