Abstract:
A file processor which couples a plurality of files to create one coupled file including: a file selector that designates a plurality of files to be coupled; a security setting information extracting part that extracts security setting information which includes a setting item which is relevant to security being set to each of the files to be coupled; a coupled file creating part that couples the plurality of files to be coupled to create newly one coupled file; and, a security setup part that creates new security setting information based on the extracted security setting information and add new security setting to the coupled file.

Description:
[0001]     This application is based on an application No. 2005-249316 filed in Japan, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002]     1. Field of the Invention  
         [0003]     The present invention relates to a file processor, and more particularly to a file processor which couples a number of electronic files including a file with settings related to security to create one electronic file.  
         [0004]     2. Related Art  
         [0005]     When coupling a plurality of electronic files to create newly one file, an operator needs to cancel or invalidate several types of file management information which is set to each of the plurality of files to be coupled individually, so far.  
         [0006]     The file management information includes security setting information. The security setting information contains information about security settings for limiting users who can modify, browse, print, etc. a file. When coupling files with effective security settings to create a new file, the operator has to cancel or invalidate the effective security settings once, and then add the plural files to one file to be newly created, and set manually the security settings which have been cancelled just before to the newly created coupled file.  
         [0007]     As just described, the operator is obliged to cancel or invalidate manually the security settings and the like having been set to the files. Such operation can be a problem from the viewpoint of security management.  
         [0008]     Furthermore, the operator&#39;s manual operation for resetting the security settings which once has been cancelled to the newly created coupled file raises concern about wrong operations.  
         [0009]     JP-A-06-290214 discloses an apparatus for a filing system. This apparatus recognizes the existence of a number of files through an operator&#39;s registration operation. The apparatus can also set a “mutual connection relation” between the files designated by the operator, store the connection relation, and utilize the connection relation for file management. It is to be noted that the “connection relation” taught in JP-A-06-290214 is not an actual file coupling but a relationship which is based on the information stored separately. The information is used for managing individual files with a predefined relationship. Therefore, after giving the “connection relation”, each file having the “connection relation” remains the same in the system. The system disclosed in JP-A-06-290214 does not perform a process for creating one file which includes the plurality of files.  
         [0010]     The system disclosed in JP-A-06-290214 can set a password to multiple files which exist separately and are connected each other with one connection relation. In other words, the single password is set to multiple files.  
         [0011]     JP-A-2002-019198 discloses an apparatus, which manages plural files combined as a group using a similar connection relation to that of JP-A-06-290214. The apparatus of JP-A-2002-019198 can optimize the settings for printing the plural files and perform a preferable print easily even when various and different settings for printing are set to the plural files.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0012]     However, the systems and apparatuses disclosed in above mentioned documents do not couple plural files together to create a new one file. Therefore, the system or apparatus cannot be applied to a process for coupling plural files together integrally to new one file.  
         [0013]     The object of the present invention is to provide a file processor which can couple a plurality of files together to create new one file. The file processor according to the present invention can set security to the newly created coupled file easily, based on the security settings which have been set to each of the plurality of files.  
         [0014]     To achieve the foregoing object, a first aspect of the present invention is a file processor which couples a plurality of files to create one coupled file including: a file selector that designates a plurality of files to be coupled; a security setting information extracting part that extracts security setting information which includes a setting item which is relevant to security being set to each of the files to be coupled; a coupled file creating part that couples the plurality of files to be coupled to create newly one coupled file; and, a security setup part that creates new security setting information based on the extracted security setting information and add new security setting to the coupled file based on the new security setting information.  
         [0015]     Another aspect of the present invention is a file processing method for coupling a plurality of files to create one coupled file comprising: designating a plurality of files to be coupled; extracting security setting information from each of the files to be coupled, the security setting information including a setting item which is relevant to security being set to each of the files to be coupled; coupling the plurality of files to be coupled to create newly one coupled file; creating new security setting information based on the extracted security setting information; and, adding the new security setting based on the new security setting information to the coupled file.  
         [0016]     Further aspect of the present invention is a computer program stored on a computer readable medium, which couples a plurality of files to create one coupled file comprising codes of: getting an operator to designate a plurality of files to be coupled by using an inputting part; extracting security setting information which includes a setting item which is relevant to security being set to each of the files to be coupled from the files to be coupled and storing the security setting information in a storage device; coupling the plurality of files to be coupled to create newly one coupled file and storing the coupled file in the storage device; creating new security setting information based on the extracted security setting information and storing the new security setting information in the storage device; adding the new security setting to the coupled file based on the new security setting information.  
         [0017]     One of the advantages of the above described features is that, when coupling a plurality of files together to create new one file, an operator needs not to cancel security settings having been set to the files and reset the security settings to the new file manually. Hence, the above features make it easy for the operator to create the coupled file from secured files, saving the operator&#39;s workload, and preventing the operator&#39;s wrong operation. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0018]     The above and further objects and novel features of the invention will more fully appear from the following detailed description when the same is read in connection with the accompanying drawings, and in which:  
         [0019]      FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of a file processing system including a file processor according to one embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0020]      FIG. 2  is a block diagram of the file processor according to the embodiment;  
         [0021]      FIG. 3A  is a flowchart of a file processing program according to the embodiment;  
         [0022]      FIG. 3B  is another example of the flowchart of the file processing program according to the embodiment;  
         [0023]      FIG. 4  is a flowchart of steps for file coupling operations;  
         [0024]      FIG. 5  is a detailed flowchart of steps for file coupling;  
         [0025]      FIG. 6A  is a schematic diagram of a display screen for selecting a security setting object;  
         [0026]      FIG. 6B  is a schematic diagram of another example of the display screen for selecting the security setting object;  
         [0027]      FIG. 7  is another example of the flowchart of the steps for file coupling;  
         [0028]      FIG. 8  is a flowchart of steps for picking out securing system;  
         [0029]      FIG. 9  is a schematic diagram on the securing system picking out;  
         [0030]      FIG. 10  is a flowchart of picking out an authorized user;  
         [0031]      FIG. 11  is another example of the flowchart of the picking out an authorized user; and  
         [0032]      FIG. 12  is a flowchart of determination of securing system for a coupled file. 
     
    
       [0033]     It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended as definitions of the limits of the invention.  
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0034]     A preferred embodiment of the present invention and its modifications are described below in more detail referring to the accompanying drawings.  
         [0000]     [System Configuration] 
         [0035]     Referring to  FIG. 1 , a schematic diagram of a file processing system including a file processor will be described. File processing system  100  includes an input apparatus  1 , a file processor  2 , and an output apparatus  3 . The input apparatus  1  may be connected to the file processor  2  such that the input apparatus  1  can transmit data to the file processor  2 . The file processor  2  may be connected to the output apparatus  3  such that the file processor  2  can transmit data to the output apparatus  3 . Preferably, the input apparatus  1  and the file processor  2  are connected by a bidirectional communication line, and the file processor  2  and the output apparatus  3  are also connected by a bidirectional communication line.  
         [0036]     The input apparatus  1  can obtain an image inputted from outside or created in the system  100 . For example, the input apparatus  1  is a digital camera  1   a,  a flatbed scanner  1   b,  a multifunction peripheral (MFP)  1   c,  or the like. In addition, the input apparatus  1  may be an information processor such as a personal computer, which is connected to the file processor  2  via a network etc. In this case, the input apparatus  1  may be connected to the file processor  2  such that a file stored in the information processor can be transmitted to the file processor  2 .  
         [0037]     The file processor  2  may be an information processor such as a personal computer. An operator can operate the file processor  2  by inputting means such as a mouse, a keyboard, or the like. Alternatively, the file processor  2  may be a multifunction peripheral (MFP) which has a storage device inside and has an operating unit as an inputting means being operable to input an instruction by the operator. The operating unit may be embodied as a touch-sensitive panel, for example. In this case, the file processing system  100  is configured by the MFP alone since the MFP has functionalities of the input apparatus  1 , the file processor  2 , and the output apparatus  3 .  
         [0038]     The output apparatus  3  is an apparatus which can output the data received from the file processor  2  to the outside of the system electronically or to a medium such as a paper or the like. The output apparatus  3  may be a printer  3   a,  a file transfer protocol server (FTP server)  3   b,  a mail server  3   c,  or the like, for example. As mentioned above, an MFP can also be used as the output apparatus  3 . Moreover, an FTP server  3   b  or a mail server  3   c  can also be used as the input apparatus  1  since these servers  3   b  and  3   c  both can receive electronic data from outside the system  100  and transmit them to the file processor  2 .  
         [0000]     [Configuration of File Processor  2 ] 
         [0039]     Referring to  FIG. 2 , a block diagram of the file processor  2  will be described, next. The file processor  2  has a central processing unit  201  (hereinafter, referred to as CPU). The CPU  201  is connected to a data bus  220 . Via the data bus  220 , the CPU  201  is connected to a read-only memory  202  (hereinafter, referred to as ROM) which is used for storing control programs of the file processor  2  and the like, a random-access memory  203  (hereinafter, referred to as RAM) which is used for storing various types of data, files, and programs, a hard disc drive  204  (hereinafter, referred to as HDD), a compact disc read only memory (hereinafter, referred to as CD-ROM) drive  205  for receiving a CD-ROM, a display device  206  which displays an image, a character, or the like, a keyboard  207  and a mouse  208  which are used for inputting information, an expansional port  209 , and a communication interface  210  (hereinafter, referred to as I/F) which is used for connecting the file apparatus  2  to the input apparatus  1  and to the output apparatus  3 . By means of these components, a program stored in the storage device  202 ,  203 , and/or  204 , and the CPU  201  which executes the program, the file processor  2  implements functions of: designating a plurality of files to be coupled; extracting or checking out information about the security setting being set to the files to be coupled; displaying a list of the extracted security setting information; receiving information inputted to the file processor  2  by an operator; canceling the security setting being set to the file to be coupled; newly creating a coupled file; setting the security setting to the coupled file; and selecting a security setting item to be set to the coupled file by the operator.  
         [0040]     It is to be noted that the CPU  201  may be a commonly distributed processor such as Pentium (registered trademark) of Intel Corporation.  
         [0041]     Processes performed by the file processor  2  according to the present embodiment are described next.  
         [0000]     [An Illustrative and Explanatory Example of the File Processing Program] 
         [0042]     Referring to  FIG. 3A , a flowchart of the main routine of the program of the file processing program will be described. This program can be stored in the ROM  202 , RAM  203 , HDD  204 , or CD-ROM loaded in the CD-ROM drive  205  and be executed by the CPU  201  of the file processor  2 .  
         [0043]     When the file processing program is launched, the program performs step S 301  first, which is a step for initialization. At step S 301 , the program performs an initialization of flags and the like necessary for following processes and displays an initial screen and the like.  
         [0044]     Next, the program performs step S 302 , which is a step for waiting an input of a selection from a menu by an operator. The program waits the operator&#39;s selection at S 302  till the operator selects a menu item. The operator selecting a menu item, the program selectively executes one of the steps S 303   a,  S 303   b,  S 303   c,  S 303   d,  or S 303   e,  each of which is a step for performing particular processes, based on the selection.  
         [0045]     On the other hand, referring to  FIG. 3B , a flowchart of an example of a modified main routine of the program of the file processing program is shown. This program can also be stored in the ROM  202 , RAM  203 , HDD  204 , or CD-ROM in the CD-ROM drive  205  and be executed by the CPU  201 .  
         [0046]     The program shown as the flowchart in  FIG. 3B  is different from that shown as the flowchart in  FIG. 3A  in that step S 332 , which is a step for detecting a selection by the operator, is disposed in just front of step S 333  corresponding to the step S 302  in  FIG. 3A . When the operator selects one or more files (by clicking one or more files with mouse  208 , for example), a menu of operations which can be performed on the one or more selected files is screened on display device  206 . The example of modification is constructed such that an operator&#39;s desiring operation can be performed by the operator&#39;s selection of the operation from the menu for the selected file. In addition, the step S 333  can be cancelled by clicking on “cancel” of the menu or somewhere in the screen except the menu, for example.  
         [0047]     The items of the menu, which are selectable operations by the operator at step S 302 , are listed below by way of example.  
         [0048]     “Data Registration” (step S 303   a )  
         [0049]     At data registration step S 303   a,  file processor  2  receives data from the input apparatus  1  and conducts a process for getting the input data to be under management of the file processor  2  as a file. In practice, in case that the input apparatus  1  is a digital camera  1   a,  the file processor  2  performs processes for transferring one or more image data stored in the digital camera  1   a  to a storage device  203  or  204  of the file processor  2  as a file or files at the step S 303   a.  Alternatively, in case that the input apparatus  1  is an MFP  1   c,  the step S 303   a  includes processes not only for transferring a data from the MFP  1   c  to the file processor  2  but also for sending an instructions to the MFP  1   c  for scanning an image on a paper medium such as a manuscript or the like to create a digitalized data of the image and transferring the digitalized data to the file processor  2 . In short, the Data Registration is processes for importing a data from the input apparatus  1  to the file processor  2  and recognizing the imported data as a file or files.  
         [0050]     “File Coupling” (step S 303   b )  
         [0051]     At file coupling step S 303   b,  the file processor  2  performs a process for coupling a plurality of files selected by the operator from files registered in the file processor  2  to create a new file.  
         [0052]     “Printing” (step S 303   c )  
         [0053]     At printing step S 303   c,  file processor  2  prints one or more files selected by the operator from the registered files with a printing apparatus. The printing apparatus, which performs printing at step S 303   c,  may be involved in the output apparatus  3 .  
         [0054]     “Searching” (step S 303   d )  
         [0055]     At searching step S 303   d,  file processor  2  searches for and retrieves one or more files among the registered files using keywords, markers, or the like associated with each registered file.  
         [0056]     “System Terminating” (step S 303   e )  
         [0057]     At system terminating step S 303   e,  file processor  2  performs processes for terminating the program, which may include any process required for this termination.  
         [0058]     Furthermore, the system  100  can also provide other file processing menu than those listed above.  
         [0059]     Further description for the menu items “Printing” (step S 303   c ) and “Searching” (step S 303   d ) are abbreviated since these processes are comprised of commonly used processes.  
         [0060]     The file coupling process (step S 303   b ) is described in detail below.  
         [0061]      FIG. 4  is a detailed flowchart of the file coupling processes (step S 303   b  of  FIG. 3A  or step S 334   b  of  FIG. 3B ).  
         [0062]     When the operator selects “File Coupling” from the menu using an inputting device such as a keyboard  207  or a mouse  208 , the program displays a screen on which the program prompts the operator to select a plurality of files to be coupled. The program waits until the selection by the operator completes (step S 401 ). Step S 401  can be omitted in case that the program is constructed as the flowchart of  FIG. 3B  and a plurality of files can be selected at step S 332  since the files are already selected. As a matter of course, in just above mentioned case, step S 401  can be provided to select additionally one or more files. In case that only one file has been selected at step S 332 , the step S 401  is especially indispensable.  
         [0063]     Whereupon the operator completes the selection of files, the program proceeds to file coupling step S 402 .  
         [0064]     With reference to  FIG. 5 , the detail of the file coupling step S 402  is described.  FIG. 5  is a detailed flowchart of the file coupling step S 402  of  FIG. 4 .  
         [0065]     First, the file processor  2  checks security settings of each one of the selected files (step S 501 ). More clearly, the file processor  2  checks (extracts) the security setting parameters being set to each selected file about the following items.  
         [0066]     (1) An object (“Security setting object”) to which the security setting is set.  
         [0067]     (2) A system (“Securing system”) by which the security setting object is secured.  
         [0068]     The “Security setting object” of (1) is an object (or a process) to which a permission/refusal is set. The security setting object represents a certain process (or an object) of which securities are controlled including access permission, print permission, read-only-access permission, editing permission or the like. In addition, the security setting object may include a setting for permission/refusal to a specific and discrete process concerning printing or accessing. The “print permission” may include a permission to print with watermarks, a permission to print with low resolution only, and the like, for example. Moreover, the “access permission” may include not only a setting of permission/refusal to an access, but also a setting of permission/refusal to a “read-only-access”, a setting of permission/refusal to an “operation for editing a file”, and the like, for example. The setting of permission/refusal to an “operation for editing a file” may include a setting of permission/refusal to an operation for deleting a page, inserting a page, adding a comment, rotating a page, deleting a letter, inserting a letter, adding a stamp, deleting a stamp, adding a header/footer, deleting a header/footer, and the like, for example.  
         [0069]     The “Securing system” of (2) is a system or a method for authentication. The securing system includes a password system, a cipher system (a cryptosystem), biometric authentication (biometrics), user profile authentication, or the like, for example. In addition, the password system may include a system requiring an input of not only a password but also a user&#39;s profile (such as user&#39;s birthday, address, telephone number, etc.). At step S 501 , the program also checks the reliability for authentication of the securing system such as a number of digits of a password etc. when the securing system is the password system. Alternatively, at step S 501 , when the securing system is the cipher system (cryptosystem), the program also checks the type of the cryptosystem (symmetric key cryptosystem, asymmetric key cryptosystem, etc.), the type of encryption system (such as the data encryption standard (DES), triple DES, Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) cryptosystem, etc.) and its version, and strength of encryption (cipher strength). Alternatively, at step S 501 , the program also checks the type of the biometric information used for the authentication (such as a fingerprint, a palm print, a voiceprint, an iris pattern, etc) when the securing system is the biometric authentication.  
         [0070]     The results of these checks are stored in the storage device  203  or  204  of the file processor  2 .  
         [0071]     At step S 502 , the program checks whether all the selected files are checked and are entirely extracted and stored in the storage device  203  or  204  of the file processor  2  or not. As a result of the check, if a file which has not been checked yet exists, the program goes back to the step S 501 . If all the selected files have already been checked, the program proceeds to step S 503 .  
         [0072]     At step S 503 , the program displays the security settings of the selected files which has been checked and stored at step S 501  on display device  206  to show the operator information about the security settings.  FIGS. 6A and 6B  are illustrative diagrams of screens at step S 503 .  FIG. 6A  is one example of the display screen, wherein file names of the selected files and security setting objects set thereto are listed in a table with letters.  FIG. 6B  is another example of the display screen, wherein a column for graphical representations of the contents of the selected files is provided instead of the column indicating the file names with letters. In both tables in  FIGS. 6A and 6B , one or more check boxes  601  are disposed for each file. The operator can select one or more items of the security setting objects which the operator intends to set to the coupled file, based on the information indicated in the file name column  603  and the security setting object column  605 . Hereinafter, the security setting objects which the operator intends to set to the coupled file are referred to as “selected security setting object(s).” A number of check boxes can be disposed for one selected file to which several different security setting objects are set. The selection of the security setting object may be done by checking its check box using the keyboard  207  or mouse  208 . The checking changes the status of the check box from ON to OFF or from OFF to ON alternately. If plural check boxes are turned ON, the security setting object of the coupled file is to have complex security setting with plural security setting objects. On the other hand, if all the check boxes are turned OFF, no security setting is to be set to the coupled file at all. In the example shown in  FIG. 6B , a column indicating the contents of the selected files is provided graphically instead of the column indicating the file names of the selected files. In addition, buttons for turning a page backward and forward  611  and  613  are disposed at the side of thumbnail images of the files. The operator can view the content of each page of the file by handling the button  611  or  613  using the keyboard  207  or mouse  208 . After checking check boxes  601  of the security setting objects which the operator intends to set to the coupled file, the operator clicks “OK” button  607 . Alternatively, if the operator clicks “CANCEL” button  609 , the program returns to the menu item selecting step S 302  (see  FIG. 3A ) or the file selecting step S 332  (see  FIG. 3B ).  
         [0073]     As mentioned above, since the program displays the list of the security setting objects on the display device  206 , the operator can select a security setting object quite easily from the list. Therefore, a wrong operation by the operator can be avoided.  
         [0074]     If the operator clicks the “OK” button (YES in step S 505 ), the program proceeds to step S 506 .  
         [0075]     It is to be noted that an interface for determining the selected security setting objects is not limited to the interfaces shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B . For example, the security setting object may be selected by clicking a part of a row which displays the security setting object to be selected in place of check boxes.  
         [0076]     At step S 506 , information on the security setting object selected by the operator (selected security setting object) is stored in the storage device  203  or  204  as selected security setting object data and then the program proceeds to step S 507 .  
         [0077]     At step S 507 , effective security settings in all selected files are invalidated temporarily.  
         [0078]     Then, at step S 508 , the coupled file which is constructed from the selected files is created newly.  
         [0079]     Next, at step S 509 , security is set to the newly created coupled file based on the selected security setting object data stored previously at the step S 506 .  
         [0080]     The program is configured as above, so that the operator can couple plural files to create a new coupled file without remembering security settings being set to the files to be coupled and setting the security settings to the newly created coupled file.  
         [0081]     In addition, the operator does not have to cancel the security settings being set to the original files to be coupled manually. In deed, it may be a problem to cancel the security from a view point of security management even though the cancellation is a transitional and temporal procedure. The operator who is obliged to operate such procedure may sometimes bear a psychological burden. The above described procedure diminishes such psychological burden and risks of operational mistakes by the operator. A series of operations including the temporal cancellation of the security are started only after the selection of the security setting object which is to be applied to the coupled file has completed. Hence, there is no fear that the state where the security setting is cancelled would hold on so that the security for the selected files can be improved. However, when the operator turns all the check boxes to OFF at step S 503 , the process of step S 506  may be started. More preferably, countermeasures for above mentioned case such as issuing a warning prompting the operator to select a security setting object, inhibiting the process of step S 506  while no check box is turned to ON, or the like may be taken. By one of such countermeasures, the procedure for setting security to the coupled file is even further assured.  
         [0000]     [An Example of a Modification to the File Processing Program] 
         [0082]     Referring to  FIG. 7 , a modification of the flowchart of the coupling step S 402  shown in  FIG. 4  will be described.  
         [0083]     In the present modification, steps S 501 , S 502 , S 507 , and S 508  are substantially same as those shown in  FIG. 5 , the description for those steps are abbreviated.  
         [0084]     At step S 701 , this program automatically picks out (selects) security setting objects which are to be set to a newly created coupled file. Those security setting objects, which are automatically picked out as the security setting objects to be set to the coupled file by the program, are referred to as “picked out security setting objects” hereinafter. The present modification differs from the above mentioned embodiment in that the program automatically picks out the security setting objects which are to be set to the coupled file.  
         [0085]      FIG. 8  is a detailed flowchart of the processes for picking out the security at the step S 701 .  
         [0086]     At step S 801 , all the selected files are checked if the selected files include at least one file which is limited to open (access) to a particular user or users. When there exists no file which is limited to open to a particular user or users (NO in the step S 801 ), the program proceeds to step S 804 . Alternatively, when there exists at least one file which is limited to access to a particular user or users (YES in the step S 801 ), the program proceeds to step S 802 .  
         [0087]     At step S 802 , it is checked whether the users who are authorized to access each file are same or not. In the check of this step, a file which access permission is not assigned to a particular user may be cognized as a file which access permission is assigned to every user. If all files have the same authorized users (NO in the step S 802 ), the program proceeds to step S 804 . Alternatively, if at least one of the files has different authorized user(s) than another (YES in step S 802 ), the program proceeds to step S 803 .  
         [0088]     A process of access authorized user picking out step S 803  is described in detail later.  
         [0089]     At step S 804 , all selected files are checked on security setting objects in effect. Every security setting object which is effectively set to at least one of the files is picked out so that every one of the picked out security setting objects is set in effect to the coupled file. In other words, the security setting objects which are to be set to the coupled file is picked out by adding all effective security setting objects of each file. That is, security setting items are picked out by logical sum (“OR”) operation. The security setting objects picked out in above mentioned manner are referred to as “OR type picked out security setting objects” hereinafter.  
         [0090]     The OR type picked out security setting objects involves all security setting objects which are set to the selected files. Therefore, the security to be set to the coupled file is equal to or stronger than any settings set to the selected files.  
         [0091]      FIG. 9  illustrates the picking out of security setting objects for the coupled file in above mentioned OR type manner. In the figure, the column “SECURITY” indicates security setting object which may be set to at least one of the selected files (FILE  1 , FILE  2 , and FILE  3 ). For example, “TYPING IN PASSWORDS WHEN OPENING A FILE” means that the security setting object which limits an access to open a file with password authentication system as a securing system is set to FILE  1  and FILE  2 . “DISABLE TO EDIT” means that the security setting object which limits editing to the file is set to FILE  3 . Meanwhile it is shown that “DISABLE TO PRINT” is not set to the selected files. “DISABLE TO COPY” means that the security setting object which limits copying whole or a part of a file is set to FILE  2 .  
         [0092]     In this case, all security setting objects except for “DISABLE TO COPY” are picked out in the OR type picking manner to set them to the coupled file.  
         [0093]     Alternatively, though not shown in the figure, security setting objects for the coupled file may be picked out such that only the security setting objects which are commonly set to the every selected file are set to the coupled file, at step S 804 . In other words, the security setting objects to be set to the coupled file may be picked out by “AND” operation from security setting objects of each file. The security setting objects picked out in this manner are referred to as “AND type picked out security setting objects” hereinafter.  
         [0094]     The AND type picked out security setting objects involves the security setting object(s) which are commonly set to every one of the selected files. As a consequence, the security setting to the coupled file is arranged only with bare essentials of the security setting objects. Therefore, when accessing the coupled file, an authentication procedure is minimized.  
         [0095]      FIGS. 10 and 11  are detailed flowcharts of processes in step S 803 .  
         [0096]      FIG. 10  is an exemplary configuration of step S 803 . At step S 1001 , applying “AND” operation to users who are permitted to access to (open) each one of the selected files, the users who are commonly authorized to all selected files are picked out, and designated as users who can access the coupled file. User picking procedure of this type is referred to as “AND type authorized users” picking hereinafter.  
         [0097]     This “AND type authorized users” picking is favorable in the view point of strength of security of the coupled file, but users authorized to access may be extremely limited. The following “OR type authorized users” picking is not better than the “AND type authorized users” picking in strength of security, but it can provide the coupled file with enough security level for actual use.  
         [0098]      FIG. 11  is another example of step S 803 , which describes the OR type authorized users picking. At step S 1101 , applying “OR” operation to users who are permitted to access each one of the selected files, the users who are authorized to access at least one of the selected files are picked out, and designated as users who are authorized to access the coupled file. User picking procedure of this type is referred to as “OR” type authorized users picking hereinafter.  
         [0099]     The file processing program may use the “AND type authorized users” picking procedure or “OR type authorized users” picking procedure. Furthermore the program can switch the type of user picking procedure between the “AND type” and the “OR type” according to the situation. Moreover, the program can also use any one of the two user picking procedures with above mentioned AND type security setting objects picking procedure or OR type security setting objects picking procedure.  
         [0100]     At step S 702 , based on the picked out security, the security is set to newly created coupled file.  
         [0000]     [Picking Out of the Securing System] 
         [0101]     Thereinbefore, it is described how to inherit the security setting objects from the selected files to the coupled file. Next, it is described how a securing method (securing system) for the security setting objects is selected.  
         [0102]     Different securing systems may be adopted for the identical security setting objects among the selected files (files to be coupled). Different securing systems may be adopted for different security setting objects among the selected files. Here, it will be described how the program picks out the securing system for the coupled file in such cases.  
         [0103]     In general, various types of securing system can be used for user authentication. In addition, in the view point of the strength of security, there exist relative merits or demerits among the same kind of the securing systems.  
         [0104]     Generally, the biometric authentication is stronger than the password authentication in strength of security, for example.  
         [0105]     The password authentication becomes stronger and more advantageous as the number of digits of its password increases in security, for example. Similarly, the triple DES cryptosystem is more advantageous than the DES cryptosystem in the security strength.  
         [0106]     Therefore, when several securing systems each of which is different from each other in security strength are set to the original files, the program according to the present embodiment can pick out one securing system so that the strength of security of the coupled file become stronger.  
         [0107]     The information about relative strength among securing systems of different type can be stored in storage devices  202 ,  203 , and  204 , and CD-ROM loaded in the CD-ROM drive  205  in advance. The information about relative strength between securing systems of same type can be stored in the storage devices  202 ,  203 , and  204 , and CD-ROM loaded in the CD-ROM drive  205 , in advance.  
         [0108]      FIG. 12  is a flowchart including the processes for setting the securing system. Preferably, the steps of  FIG. 12  are performed after step S 508  shown in  FIGS. 5 and 7 .  
         [0109]     At step S 1201 , a securing system for each security setting object of the coupled file is picked out from the securing systems set to the selected files by comparing the securing systems set to the selected files, so that the security strength of each of the security setting object of the coupled file be as strong as possible.  
         [0110]     At step S 1202 , the securing system picked out at the last step is applied to the coupled file.  
         [0111]     For example, when the selected files uses cryptosystems as securing systems and one of the selected file uses DES cryptosystem and another one of the selected files uses triple DES cryptosystem, the program may preferably apply the triple DES cryptosystem as the securing system of the coupled file since the triple DES cryptosystem is safer (stronger) than the DES cryptosystem.  
         [0112]     In addition, when several different versions of one cryptosystem are used in the selected files, it is preferable that the later version of the cryptosystem may be applied to the coupled file.  
         [0113]     Furthermore, when several different password systems, each of which requires password of different length from each other, are used in the selected files, it is preferable that the password system requiring longer password may be applied to the coupled file.  
         [0114]     When the securing system which requires inputting a user profile together with passwords is used in one of the selected files and the securing system which requires inputting a password only are exist, it is preferable that the program may apply the former securing system to the coupled file by priority.  
         [0115]     When password system is used in one of the selected files and a biometric authentication is used in another one of the selected files, it is preferable that the program may apply the biometric authentication to the coupled file.  
         [0116]     When two or more of the selected files are secured by different passwords, it is preferable that the program may apply the password system which requires all passwords used in any one of the selected files to the coupled file so that the coupled file is secured by the multiplex password authentication system.  
         [0117]     The biometric authentication includes various authentication systems such as a fingerprint authentication, a voiceprint authentication, a palm print authentication, etc. When the program recognizes relative merits among them from the view point of security strength, it is preferable that the program may apply the stronger biometric authentication system to the coupled file.  
         [0118]     The term “authentication” in the present application includes a user (an operator) authentication. The authentication method (system) or means includes a password system. The password system includes a single-use password system (one-time password (OTP) system, dynamic password system), which is deemed to be safer than usual password systems. In addition, the authentication method (system) or means includes a cryptosystem. The cryptosystem includes a secret key cryptosystem, a public key cryptosystem, a zero knowledge interactive proof (ZKIP), an ID-Based cryptosystem which encrypts data using a name as a public key, or the like. The secret key cryptosystem includes Data Encryption Standard (DES), Triple Data Encryption Standard (Triple DES (3DES)), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA), Fast Data Encipherment Algorithm (FEAL), MISTY, or the like. The public key cryptosystem includes Rivest-Shamir-Adleman Scheme (RSA) or the like. The public key cryptosystem includes Rivest-Shamir-Adleman Scheme (RSA). Moreover, the authentication method (system) or means includes an authentication based on biometric information (biometric authentication). The biometric information used for this type of authentication includes a fingerprint, a finger shape, a palm print, a hand geometric pattern, a voiceprint, a vein pattern, an ear shape, a face pattern, a retina pattern, an iris pattern, and, a velocity, acceleration, or tool force (writing pressure) in writing one&#39;s signature (dynamic signature verification), and the like.  
         [0119]     The processes for “coupling” plural files according to the present application means the processes for combining a number of files each other to create new one file. The “coupling” processes according to the present application do not include the processes for establishing and recording the relationships between or among files.  
         [0120]     The file processor and the file processing program above mentioned are useful for file processing since the file processor and the program reduce an operator&#39;s load when coupling plural files at least one of which is secured.