Abstract:
A universal automotive air conditioning compressor assembly with interchangeable mounting rings and suction and discharge manifolds. The compressor includes a universal casing body which will substitute for a large variety of original equipment compressors. The casing has grooves which removably receive interchangeable mounting rings. Various configurations of mounting rings are provided to match original equipment specifications for a wide variety of vehicle makes. The assembly also may include suction and discharge manifolds which are also interchangeable and which adapt the universal compressor unit to the particular suction and discharge hoses, eg., V-style or pad-style, in the original air conditioning system. Thus, by selecting the appropriate mounting rings and manifold style, a universal compressor is adapted for installation in a specific make and model of automotive air conditioning system.

Description:
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/097,211, filed Jul. 26, 1993, now abandoned. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates generally to compressors for automotive air conditioning systems and to devices for mounting such compressors. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a compressor apparatus in accordance with the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a compressor casing apart from the other components of the assembly. 
     FIG. 3 is an elevational view of a four-eared mounting ring in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
     FIG. 4 is an elevational view of a three-eared mounting ring in accordance with another embodiment of the invention. 
     FIG. 5 is an elevational view of a two-eared mounting ring in accordance with another embodiment of the invention. 
     FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the mounting ring of the invention with two ears having transverse bolt holes. 
     FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the mounting ring of the invention with two transverse tubes for receiving transverse through bolts. 
     FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a manifold for the compressor apparatus of this invention having &#34;V-style&#34; suction and discharge ports. 
     FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a manifold for the compressor apparatus of this invention having &#34;pad-style&#34; suction and discharge ports. 
     FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a manifold for the compressor apparatus of this invention having two suction and two discharge ports. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Virtually every air conditioning system for automobiles includes a compressor. Although the operation of the various compressor models in automotive air conditioners is similar, the size and capacity of compressors, as well as the mounting and fluid connection configurations, vary widely. For example, the style of fittings for the suction and discharge ports may be a &#34;V&#34; style or a &#34;pad&#34; style. The casing may be formed with different numbers of ears to mount the casing in the automobile. The ears have bolt holes which may be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the casing or transverse. Or, the casing may be mounted by means of transverse tubes which receive long through bolts. 
     When an automotive air conditioning compressor must be replaced, it can be replaced only with the suitable size and model. As a result, retailers in the field of automotive parts must maintain an inventory of several hundred compressor models. This involves a large financial investment to purchase the inventory and a large expense for storage of the units until sale. Alternately, the units must be special ordered, resulting in a significant delay for the customer. These and other problems are greatly reduced by the present invention. 
     The present invention is directed to a replacement compressor apparatus for automotive air conditioning compressors. The apparatus includes a basic compressor unit provided in various sizes. The apparatus further includes a variety of removable mounting rings with different configurations. Thus, by identifying the requirements of a particular automobile&#39;s air conditioning system, a replacement compressor can be assembled by combining a basic compressor unit of the correct size with mounting rings having the correct configuration. Using this system, the automotive parts dealer can greatly reduce the number of compressor models maintained in inventory. This decreases the costs to the dealer of purchasing and storing the larger number of compressors and yet does not delay the repair to the customer. 
     With reference now to the drawings in general and to FIG. 1 in particular there is shown therein a compressor apparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention and designated generally by the reference numeral 10. The apparatus 10 comprises a basic compressor unit 12 and a mounting apparatus 14 usually including a pair of mounting rings 16 and 18. The assembly 10 may also include a manifold 20. Each of these components will be described in more detail hereafter. 
     Turning now to FIG. 2, the basic compressor unit 12 comprises a casing 22 which houses the compressor mechanism. The mechanism is conventional and may be any one of several sizes. One such size is 6 inches in diameter and 9 inches in length with 10 cubic inches of operating capacity. The shape and size of the casing 22 will be selected to contain as many different sizes of compressors as possible and to fit in as many automotive air conditioning systems as possible. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the generally cylindrical shape shown in the drawings is exemplary only. It is necessary only that the casing and the compressor mechanism it contains be compatible with the original compressor unit it is intended to replace. 
     The casing 22 is adapted to be supported by the removable mounting assembly 14 which, as indicated, may include a pair of mounting rings 16 and 18. To this end, the preferred casing 22 includes at least one and preferably two circumferential grooves 26 and 28 positioned near each end of the casing 22. As the grooves are similar, only one will be described herein. 
     The groove 26 has a width and depth sufficient to contain the mounting ring 16. The groove 26 preferably is equipped with notches 30 for a purpose described hereafter. 
     The casing 22 further includes suction ports 32 and discharge ports 34 which may be located centrally between the grooves 26 and 28. As shown in FIG. 2, there may be a pair of suction ports 32 and a pair of discharge ports 34. Through the use of an interchangeable manifold, described hereafter, this permits the casing 22 to substitute for compressors having either single or double suction and discharge ports. 
     Adjacent the suction and discharge ports 32 and 34, a plurality of bolt holes 36 are provided for attachment of an adaptor or manifold described hereafter. The ports 32 and 34 and the bolt holes 36 all may be provided in a raised platform 38 to mate with the manifold 20, as described below. 
     Of course, the basic compressor unit 12 includes a fitting 40 for attaching the compressor mechanism to the clutch and pulley system which drives the unit. 
     Returning briefly to FIG. 1, the compressor apparatus 10 of this invention includes a mounting assembly 14 which is removably attached to the casing 22 and by which the apparatus is mounted in the selected automotive air conditioning system. In the preferred embodiment described herein, the mounting assembly 14 includes at least one and preferably two mounting rings 16 and 18. Where two mounting rings are employed, they may be similar as shown in FIG. 1, or they may be different, depending on the configuration of the mounting means in the original system. 
     The four-eared configuration is depicted in FIG. 3, to which attention now is directed. The mounting ring 16 includes a ring-shaped collar 42 which is composed of first and second semi-circular portions 44 and 46. At one side, the ends of the portions 44 and 46 are attached to each other by a hinge 48. At the other ends, the portions 44 and 46 are adapted to be removably connected, such as by the bracket and screw assembly 50. In this way, the collar 42 can be attached to and removed from the casing 22 as necessary. 
     The inner surface 52 is provided with notches 54 shaped to engage the notches 30 in the grooves 26 and 28. (See FIG. 2.) The interengaging notches 30 and 54 prevent rotation of the collar 42 around the casing 22 when the collar is received and secured in the groove 26, as shown in FIG. 1. 
     The mounting ring 16 is provided with at least one and preferably a plurality of connecting members such as the ears 56 shown in the embodiment of FIG. 3. The ear 56 defines a bolt hole 58 which in this embodiment is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the casing 22 and is sized to receive the original bolt (not shown) in the mounting means of the selected air conditioning system. (See FIG. 1.) This configuration of connecting members is referred to herein as a &#34;lateral ear.&#34; 
     Another mounting ring 16A is shown in FIG. 4. The mounting ring 16A of this embodiment has three lateral ears 56. 
     Another mounting ring 16B is shown in FIG. 5. The mounting ring 16B has two lateral ears 56. 
     Another mounting ring 16C is shown in FIG. 6. The mounting ring 16C has a pair of &#34;side tubs&#34; 60 which are ears with bolt holes 62 that are transverse to the longitudinal axis of the casing 12. This style of ear is referred to herein as a &#34;transverse ear.&#34; 
     Another mounting ring 16D is shown in FIG. 7. The mounting ring 16D has a pair of transverse tubes 64 providing bolt holes 66 that are transverse to the longitudinal axis of the casing 22. This style of connecting member is referred to herein as a &#34;transverse tube.&#34; 
     Each of the rings 16, 16A, 16B, 16C and 16D (FIGS. 3-7, respectively) may be similarly formed with a collar 42 composed of the first and second portions 44 and 46 connected by the hinge 48 and the bracket and screw device 50. 
     The type of connecting members and placement of the connecting members on the collar 42 are determined by the configuration of the connecting members on the compressor that is being replaced. That is, the assembly 10 is to be positioned to engage or mate with the corresponding connecting members in the selected automotive air conditioning system which the assembly is intended to replace. 
     For example, when a pair of four-eared mounting rings 16 and 18 are used on the compressor casing 22, as shown in FIG. 1, the assembly 10 will substitute for a Sankyo brand compressor, model no. SD508, which is found in certain AMC and Jeep vehicles. A basic compressor unit equipped with one three-eared ring 16A (FIG. 4) in place of the ring 16, and one two-eared ring 16B (FIG. 5) in place of the ring 18, will substitute for a Nippondenso brand compressor, model no. 6E171, for a 1980 Ford and for certain Mazdas and Toyotas. A basic compressor unit equipped with two mounting rings 16 with transverse ears 60 (FIG. 6) will replace a C-171-A590 compressor in a 1985-88 Chrysler vehicle. A basic compressor unit with mounting rings 16D having two transverse tubes 64 will replace a Nippondenso brand compressor, model no. 6E171A, which is found in 1980-81 Toyota brand automobiles. 
     Turning now to FIG. 8, the apparatus 10 will in many instances include a manifold such as the manifold 20 also shown in FIG. 1. The manifold 20 has a body 70 having an upper surface 72 and a lower surface 74. The body 70 is provided with holes 76 which are aligned with the holes 36 in the casing 22 so that by means of bolts 78 the manifold 20 can be affixed to the casing 22 when the lower surface 74 of the manifold is mated with the platform 38 on the casing. 
     The upper surface 72 is equipped with fittings, such as the V-style fittings 82 and 84 by which the suction and discharge ports 32 and 34 are connected to the suction and discharge hoses (not shown) in the selected air conditioning system. Sealing members, such as O-rings and gaskets (not shown), are included as necessary. 
     An alternate embodiment for the manifold of the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 9. This manifold 20A adapts the basic compressor unit 12 to pad-type suction and discharge fittings. The manifold 20A is similarly formed with a body 70 having an upper surface 72 and a lower surface 74. The lower surface 74 is adapted to interface with the platforms on the compressor casing 22. Bolt holes 76 and bolts 78 are included for connecting the manifold 20A to the casing 22. Suction and discharge fittings 82A and 84A which are flush with surface 72 are included to provide a &#34;pad-style&#34; fitting configuration. 
     A different casing and manifold combination is illustrated in FIG. 10, to which attention now is directed. Here, the assembly 10B includes a compressor casing 22B. The casing 22B is provided with top rear pad type suction and discharge ports 32B and 34B in the platform 38B. This assembly 10B further includes a manifold 20B attachable to the platform 38B by a bolt 78B. The manifold 20B is configured with dual suction and discharge fittings 82B and 84B. The manifold 20B is shaped so that, when the manifold is attached to the platform 38B, the suction and discharge fittings 82B and 84B are positioned centrally. Thus, the single-port, rear pad style fluid connection configuration on the casing 22B is converted to a dual-port central pad style configuration by the manifold 20B. 
     The manifold configuration is selected according to the fittings employed in the original compressor unit in the selected automotive air conditioning system. For example, the V-type manifold 20 (FIGS. 1 and 8) will be utilized for the Sankyo compressor, model no. SD-508, in a 1982 Mazda, which has V-type fittings. On the other hand, the pad-type manifold 20A (FIG. 9) will substitute for the same model casing but with pad fittings as found in 1981-84 Mazdas, for example. 
     Now it will be appreciated that the present invention provides a basic compressor unit adapted to be supported by a wide variety of interchangeable mounting rings and to be used with different and interchangeable manifolds. In this way, only a few basic models of compressor units can be modified to substitute for a wide variety of integrally formed original compressor units having hundreds of different combinations of mounting configurations and suction and discharge port arrangements. The particular mounting rings and suction and discharge manifolds illustrated and described herein are exemplary and are not intended to limit the invention in any way. 
     Changes may be made in the combination and arrangement of the various parts, elements, steps and procedures described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.