Abstract:
An agricultural tillage implement including a main section having a hitch extending in a travel direction, a plurality of foldable wing sections coupled with the main section, and a plurality of ground engaging tilling elements. The tilling elements are coupled to the main section and wing sections. At least one of the sections have a gauge wheel system. The gauge wheel system includes an untilled wheel assembly, a tilled wheel assembly, and an adjustment device. The adjustment device is configured to adjust the untilled wheel assembly relative to the tilled wheel assembly thereby compensating for a characteristic difference between tilled and untilled soil.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This is a non-provisional application based upon U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/903,519, entitled “AGRICULTURAL TILLAGE IMPLEMENT WHEEL CONTROL”, filed Nov. 13, 2013, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0003]    The present invention relates to agricultural implements, and, more particularly, to agricultural tillage implements having wheels. 
         [0004]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0005]    Farmers utilize a wide variety of tillage implements to prepare soil for planting. Some such implements include two or more sections coupled together to perform multiple functions as they are pulled through fields by a tractor. For example, a field cultivator is capable of simultaneously tilling soil and leveling the tilled soil in preparation for planting. A field cultivator has a frame that carries a number of cultivator shanks with shovels at their lower ends for tilling the soil. The field cultivator converts compacted soil into a level seedbed with a consistent depth for providing excellent conditions for planting of a crop. Grass or residual crop material disposed on top of the soil is also worked into the seedbed so that it does not interfere with a seeding implement subsequently passing through the seedbed. 
         [0006]    Tillage equipment prepares the soil by way of mechanical agitation of various types, such as digging, stirring, and overturning. Examples of which include plowing (overturning with moldboards or chiseling with chisel shanks), rototilling, rolling with cultipackers or other rollers, harrowing, and cultivating with cultivator shanks 
         [0007]    Tillage is often classified into two types, primary and secondary. There is no strict definition of these two types, perhaps a loose distinction between the two is that tillage that is deeper and more thorough is thought of as primary, and tillage that is shallower is thought of as secondary. Primary tillage such as plowing produces a larger subsurface difference and tends to produce a rough surface finish, whereas secondary tillage tends to produce a smoother surface finish, such as that required to make a good seedbed for many crops. Harrowing and rototilling often combine primary and secondary tillage into one operation. 
         [0008]    Wheels are often integral with tillage implements and are used for both transportation of the implement, and for depth control of the tillage elements. The prior art includes control systems that raise and lower the implement as an entire unit, which can result in uneven tillage across the implement width of today&#39;s wider equipment. 
         [0009]    What is needed in the art is an easy to use mechanism for adjusting the wheel positions of an agricultural tillage implement. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0010]    The present invention provides a tillage implement that has several tilling sections with the ability to independently adjust the fore/aft orientation to level the various sections of the tillage implement. 
         [0011]    The invention in one form is directed to an agricultural tillage implement including a main section having a hitch extending in a travel direction, a plurality of foldable wing sections coupled with the main section, and a plurality of ground engaging tilling elements. The tilling elements are coupled to the main section and wing sections. At least one of the sections have a gauge wheel system. The gauge wheel system includes an untilled wheel assembly, a tilled wheel assembly, and an adjustment device. The adjustment device is configured to adjust the untilled wheel assembly relative to the tilled wheel assembly thereby compensating for a characteristic difference between tilled and untilled soil. 
         [0012]    The invention in another form is directed to a gauge wheel system of an agricultural tillage implement having a main section having a hitch extending in a travel direction, a plurality of foldable wing sections coupled with the main section, and a plurality of ground engaging tilling elements. The tilling elements are coupled to the main section and wing sections. The sections each use at least one of the gauge wheel systems. The gauge wheel system includes an untilled wheel assembly, a tilled wheel assembly, and an adjustment device. The adjustment device is configured to adjust the untilled wheel assembly relative to the tilled wheel assembly thereby compensating for a characteristic difference between tilled and untilled soil. 
         [0013]    The invention in yet another form is directed to a method of adjusting a fore/aft orientation of an agricultural implement, the method comprising the step of independently adjusting a plurality of adjustment devices to control a relative extension of a plurality of untilled gauge wheels relative to a plurality of tilled gauge wheels of the implement. 
         [0014]    An advantage of the present invention is that the implement is adjustable in a fore/aft manner to level the tilling elements. 
         [0015]    Another advantage of the present invention is that the actuators are used to raise and lower the implement using the adjustable link as part of the link to the front set of gauge wheels. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0016]    The above-mentioned and other features and advantages of this invention, and the manner of attaining them, will become more apparent and the invention will be better understood by reference to the following description of an embodiment of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: 
           [0017]      FIG. 1  is a top perspective view of an embodiment of an agricultural tillage implement of the present invention, in the form of a field cultivator, in an unfolded position; 
           [0018]      FIG. 2  is a front view of the field cultivator shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0019]      FIG. 3  is a top perspective view of the field cultivator shown in  FIGS. 1-2 , with the outer wing sections folded to a transport position; 
           [0020]      FIG. 4  is a front view of the field cultivator shown in  FIG. 3 , with the outer wing sections folded to the transport position; 
           [0021]      FIG. 5  is a top perspective view of the field cultivator shown in  FIGS. 1-4 , with the middle wing sections folded to a transport position; 
           [0022]      FIG. 6  is a front view of the field cultivator shown in  FIG. 5 , with the middle wing sections folded to the transport position; 
           [0023]      FIG. 7  is a top perspective view of the field cultivator shown in  FIGS. 1-6 , with the inner wing sections folded to a transport position; 
           [0024]      FIG. 8  is a front view of the field cultivator shown in  FIG. 7 , with the inner wing sections folded to the transport position; 
           [0025]      FIG. 9  is a perspective view of part of the main frame section of the field cultivator of  FIGS. 1-8 ; and 
           [0026]      FIG. 10  is a side view of the field cultivator of  FIGS. 1-9 , with a primary focus on a wing section. 
       
    
    
       [0027]    Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views. The exemplification set out herein illustrates embodiment of the invention, in one form, and such exemplification is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any manner. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0028]    Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to  FIG. 1 , there is shown an embodiment of a tillage implement of the present invention. In the illustrated embodiment, the tillage implement is in the form of a field cultivator  10  for tilling and finishing soil prior to seeding. 
         [0029]    Field cultivator  10  is configured as a multi-section field cultivator, and includes a center frame section  12 , also referred herein as a main section  12 , and a plurality of wing sections  14 ,  16  and  18 . In the illustrated embodiment, field cultivator  10  has a triple-fold configuration with three left wings sections designated  14 A,  16 A and  18 A, and three right wing sections designated  14 B,  16 B and  18 B. Wing sections  14 A and  14 B are each inner wing sections, wing sections  16 A and  16 B are each middle wing sections, and wing sections  18 A and  18 B are each outer wing sections. 
         [0030]    Center frame section  12  is the center section that is directly towed by a traction unit, such as an agricultural tractor (not shown). Center frame section  12  generally functions to carry a shank frame  20  for tilling the soil, and a rear auxiliary implement  22  for finishing the soil. A pull hitch  24  extends forward from shank frame  20 , and is coupled with the traction unit in known manner. 
         [0031]    Rear auxiliary implement  22  includes a spring tooth drag  26  and a rolling (aka, crumbler) basket  28  which coact with each other to finish the soil. However, rear auxiliary implement  22  can be differently configured, such as a spike tooth drag, cultivator shanks, etc. 
         [0032]    Shank frame  20  generally functions to carry cultivator shanks  30  with shovels  32  at their lower ends for tilling the soil. Rear lift wheels  34  are used for raising and lowering the shank frame  20  with a hydraulic lift cylinder (not specifically visible in  FIGS. 1 and 2 ), and a pair of front gauge wheels  36  are used to control the fore/aft orientation of the shank frame  20  during a field operation. 
         [0033]    Similarly, each inner wing section  14 A and  14 B, middle wing section  16 A and  16 B, and outer wing section  18 A and  18 B includes a shank frame  20  for tilling the soil, a rear auxiliary implement  22  for finishing the soil, rear lift wheels  34  and front gauge wheels  36 . These components are slightly different from but still similar to the like-named components described above with regard to center frame section  12 , and are not described in further detail herein. 
         [0034]    During use, it is periodically necessary to move the field cultivator  10  from an unfolded (operating) position to a folded (transport) position. First, each outer wing section  18 A and  18 B is folded laterally inward and over a respective middle wing section  16 A and  16 B ( FIGS. 3 and 4 ). With the outer wing sections  18 A and  18 B in the folded state, each middle wing section  16 A and  16 B is then folded laterally inward and over a respective inner wing section  14 A and  14 B ( FIGS. 5 and 6 ). With the middle wing sections  16 A and  16 B in the folded state, each inner wing section  14 A and  14 B is then folded laterally inward and over the center frame section  12  ( FIGS. 7  and  8 ). To unfold the field cultivator  10  and transform back to the field or operating position shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , the folding sequence described above is simply reversed. 
         [0035]    The outer wing sections  18 , middle wing sections  16  and inner wing sections  14  are stacked together in a vertically arranged stack over the center frame section  12  when in the folded state. To allow this type of nested stacking configuration, each of the wing sections  14 ,  16  and  18  have a pivot axis  38 ,  40  and  42 , respectively, which is vertically offset to allow the wing sections to lie flat against the laterally inward shank frame  20  when in the folded state. The middle wing sections  16  have a pivot axis  40  that is vertically higher than pivot axes  38  and  42  of adjacent wing sections  14  and  18 , when in the unfolded state. 
         [0036]    Different countries and states have different regulatory highway requirements concerning oversized vehicles on the road. In the US, some states exempt agricultural equipment from such regulations, while others require that any type of vehicle on a road must comply with the oversized vehicle regulations. In Europe, the regulations may be more strict concerning the height and width of vehicles which may travel on a road without being accompanied by an escort vehicle. With the triple-fold field cultivator  10  of the present invention, the overall frontal profile dimensions when in the folded state fit within regulatory requirements for both the US and Europe. More particularly, with all of the wing sections  14 ,  16  and  18  in the folded state, the field cultivator  10  is then in a transport position with an overall frontal profile having dimensions with a maximum width “W” of no greater than approximately 20 feet, preferably approximately 18 feet wide, and a height “H” of no greater than approximately 14 feet, preferably approximately 13 feet, 6 inches high ( FIG. 8 ). 
         [0037]    These maximum frontal profile dimensions include all of the shank frames  20 , shanks  30 , rear gauge wheels  34  and front gauge wheels  36 , when in the folded state. Rear gauge wheels  34  run on tilled soil and are referred to as tilled gauge wheel assemblies  34  herein. Front gauge wheels  36  run on untilled soil and are referred to as untilled gauge wheel assemblies  36  herein. The rear auxiliary implements  22  are considered to be add-ons to the main field cultivator  10 , and may be outside these overall frontal profile dimensions, at least if not folded upwardly for the transport position. However, it is the intention that all of field cultivator  10 , including the rear auxiliary implements  22 , be within these maximum frontal profile dimensions when in the transport position. 
         [0038]    Now, additionally referring to  FIGS. 9 and 10  there is shown further details of implement  10 . Main section  12  is shown in  FIG. 9  with gauge wheel system  50  having actuators  54 , which provide depth level control for main section  12  when implement  10  is in field mode and support for the folded implement  10  while in transport mode. 
         [0039]    A typical gauge wheel system  52  is shown for one of the wing sections  14 ,  16  and  18  in  FIG. 10 . Gauge wheel systems  52  include actuators  56 , a linkage system  60  and an adjustable link  62 . A controller  58  (shown abstractly in the figures) orchestrates the movement of gauge wheel systems  50  and  52  in field and transport modes and during the transition to/from the field and transport modes. 
         [0040]    Gauge wheel system  50  are shown having actuator  54  coupled more directly to the rear wheels and a linkage system is used to move the wheels that are to the fore of the rear wheels. Gauge wheel systems  52  have actuator  56  positioned between tilled gauge wheel assemblies  34  and untilled gauge wheel assemblies  36  with linkage system  60  coupling wheel assemblies  34  and  36  for coordinated movement. Adjustable link  62  allows for an independent manual fore/aft leveling adjustment of each section. Actuator  56  is directly linked to tilled gauge wheel assembly  34  and is indirectly linked, through adjustable link  62 , to untilled gauge wheel assembly  36 . 
         [0041]    Actuators  54  and  56 , are under the independent and individual control of controller  58  so that sections  12 - 18  can each be individually adjusted for depth control of shovels  32  (which are tillage elements  32 ) of each section in a manner substantially independent of the other sections while in the field mode of operation. As implement  10  is transitioned from the field mode to the transport mode and the sections are being folded together, controller  58  causes gauge wheel systems  52  to go from the fully extended position, as shown in  FIG. 10  with actuator  56  extended, to being partially retracted as seen in the folded wing sections of  FIG. 6 . This effectively lowers the profile of each wing section  14 - 18  as the particular wing section is folded. While controller  58  may be a set of valves manually controlled by an operator, it is contemplated that controller  58  would be an electronic control system that controls the sequence of lowering the profile of each wing section, as it is being folded by the actuators used for the purpose of folding wing sections  14 - 18 . 
         [0042]    The present invention advantageously independently controls the fore/aft orientation relative to the position of tilled gauge wheel assemblies  34  and untilled gauge wheel assemblies  36 , as well as the depth of the tilling elements while implement  10  is in the field mode. The characteristics of the tilled and untilled soil are taken into consideration as adjustable link  62  is adjusted. Some characteristics of the soil are the compressibility and the relative heights of the tilled and untilled soil. Also, the effect that the fore/aft weight distribution of implement  10  between tilled gauge wheel assemblies  34  and untilled gauge wheel assemblies  36  has upon the soil characteristics can also be compensated for by the adjustment of adjustable link  62 . 
         [0043]    While this invention has been described with respect to at least one embodiment, the present invention can be further modified within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this invention pertains and which fall within the limits of the appended claims.