Abstract:
A honing assembly, a sanding assembly and a turning machine for performing an operation on a workpiece. The turning machine may include a rotatable machine housing operable to rotate around the workpiece; a first attachment including a first portion engageable with and operable to remove material from a workpiece, the first attachment having a first configuration, such as a honing attachment; and a second attachment including a second portion engageable with and operable to remove material from a workpiece, the second attachment having a second configuration, such as a sanding attachment, different than the first configuration, each of the first attachment and the second attachment being selectively supportable one at a time by the machine housing to operate on a workpiece.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    The present application claims priority to co-pending U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/364,085, filed Jul. 19, 2016, the entire contents of which is hereby incorporated by reference. 
     
    
     FIELD 
       [0002]    The present invention relates to assemblies for providing a surface finish and, more particularly, to a honing or sanding attachment assembly for use with portable turning machines, such as clamshell lathes or journal turning lathes. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0003]    Portable turning machines, such as journal turning lathes and clamshell lathes, may be used to provide precision cuts to and for weld preparation of workpieces like large diameter pipes and shafts (e.g., pipes and shafts having outer diameters between 2 inches and 60 inches). These portable turning machines typically perform a machining operation, such as cutting and beveling, re-machining flanges, and/or machining the workpiece. 
         [0004]    After performing these machining operations, the surface finish of the workpiece is often not desirable, typically relatively rough. For example, such machining results in a workpiece with a surface finish with an average surface roughness (i.e., Ra value) between 80 and 160 microinches. In order to achieve a better surface finish (e.g., a Ra value between 30 and 60 microinches), a burnishing tool may be used with the turning machine. However, finishes with an average surface roughness of less than 30 microinches are typically not achievable on shafts or pipes machined with a journal turning lathe or clamshell lathe. 
         [0005]    In one independent aspect, a honing assembly for use with a turning machine to hone a workpiece may be provided. The honing assembly may generally include a housing and a honing stone supported by the housing. The honing stone is engageable with the workpiece to remove material from and improve the surface finish of the workpiece. In some constructions, the honing assembly includes multiple honing stones supported by the housing. The honing stone may be pivotable relative to the housing about a first axis and about a second axis normal to the first axis. 
         [0006]    In another independent aspect, a honing assembly may generally include a housing and a honing stone supported by the housing and threadedly adjustable relative to the housing. In such a construction, a force applied by the honing stone on the workpiece may be adjusted by turning a threaded member. In some constructions, the honing assembly may further include a biasing member to bias the honing stone toward the workpiece. 
         [0007]    In yet another independent aspect, a honing assembly may generally include a housing and a honing stone removably supported by the housing. In such a construction, the removed honing stone may have a first coarseness and be replaced by a honing stone having a second coarseness. The honing stone may be supported by a bracket removably coupled to the housing, for example, by a quick release pin. In another construction, the housing may be removably coupled to a housing of the turning machine. 
         [0008]    In a further independent aspect, a turning machine for performing an operation on a workpiece may be provided. The turning machine may generally include a rotatable machine housing operable to rotate around the workpiece, and a honing attachment supported by the machine housing and including a honing stone operable to engage the workpiece to remove material. In some constructions, the honing attachment may be removed from the machine housing and replaced with another tool, such as a sanding attachment, a machining tool, a cutting tool, a burnishing tool, etc. 
         [0009]    In another independent aspect, a method of finishing a workpiece with a honing stone may be provided. The method may generally include providing a turning machine including a rotatable machine housing, providing a honing assembly including a housing and a honing stone supported by the housing, supporting the honing assembly on the machine housing, engaging the honing stone against an outer surface of the workpiece, and rotating the machine housing and the honing assembly relative to the workpiece to remove material from the workpiece. 
         [0010]    In yet another independent aspect, a sanding assembly for use with a turning machine to sand a workpiece may be provided. The sanding assembly may generally include a housing, a flexible band supported by the housing, and sand paper supported by the housing, the sand paper being engageable with the workpiece to remove material from and improve the surface finish of the workpiece. 
         [0011]    The housing may have opposite free ends, each free end supporting an end of the band and an end of the sand paper. The housing may include a first housing portion having an internal end pivotally connected to an internal end of a second housing portion. The flexible band may include a metal band. The flexible band may flex to match a diameter of the workpiece. 
         [0012]    In a further independent aspect, a turning machine for performing an operation on a workpiece may be provided. The turning machine may generally include a rotatable machine housing operable to rotate around the workpiece, and a sanding attachment supported by the machine housing and including a flexible band supporting sand paper, the sand paper being engageable with the workpiece to remove material. In some constructions, the sanding attachment may be removed from the machine housing and replaced with another tool, such as a honing attachment, a machining tool, a cutting tool, a burnishing tool, etc. 
         [0013]    In another independent aspect, a method of finishing a workpiece with sand paper may be provided. The method may generally include providing a turning machine including a rotatable machine housing, providing a sanding assembly including a housing, a flexible band supported by the housing, and sand paper supported by the band, supporting the sanding assembly on the machine housing, engaging the sand paper against an outer surface of the workpiece, and rotating the machine housing and the sanding assembly relative to the workpiece to remove material from the workpiece. 
         [0014]    Other independent features and independent aspects of the invention may become apparent by consideration of the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0015]      FIG. 1  is a partial perspective view of a turning machine, such as a journal turning lathe mounted on a workpiece, with a honing attachment assembly mounted to the machine by a tool block. 
           [0016]      FIG. 2  is a perspective view of the honing attachment assembly shown in  FIG. 1  and an auxiliary honing stone subassembly. 
           [0017]      FIG. 3  is an exploded perspective view of the honing attachment assembly and the auxiliary honing stone subassembly shown in  FIG. 2 . 
           [0018]      FIG. 4  is a perspective view of the honing attachment assembly and the tool block shown in  FIG. 1 . 
           [0019]      FIG. 5  is a perspective view of the honing attachment assembly mounted within the tool block shown in  FIG. 1  showing an interior of a housing of the honing attachment assembly. 
           [0020]      FIGS. 6-7  illustrate a shaft with various surface finishes resulting from different operations. 
           [0021]      FIG. 8  illustrates a shaft with surface finish readings (Ra) after honing with  320  grit stones. 
           [0022]      FIG. 9  illustrates a turning machine for use with the honing attachment assembly. 
           [0023]      FIG. 10  is a photograph of a tuning machine with a sanding assembly. 
           [0024]      FIG. 11  is a photograph of the sanding assembly shown in  FIG. 10 . 
           [0025]      FIG. 12  is a photograph of different types of sand paper used in the sanding assembly shown in  FIG. 11 . 
           [0026]      FIG. 13  is a bottom perspective view of a sanding assembly. 
           [0027]      FIG. 14  is a top perspective view of the sanding assembly shown in  FIG. 13 . 
           [0028]      FIG. 15  is an enlarged view of a portion of the sanding assembly shown in  FIG. 14 . 
           [0029]      FIG. 16  is an enlarged view of another portion of the sanding assembly shown in  FIG. 14 . 
           [0030]      FIG. 17  is a front view of the sanding assembly shown in  FIG. 13 . 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0031]    Before any independent embodiments of the invention are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the following drawings. The invention is capable of other independent embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. 
         [0032]    Use of “including” and “comprising” and variations thereof as used herein is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. Unless specified or limited otherwise, the terms “mounted,” “connected,” “supported,” and “coupled” and variations thereof are used broadly and encompass both direct and indirect mountings, connections, supports, and couplings. 
         [0033]    A surface finishing assembly, such as a honing attachment assembly  10 , is illustrated in  FIGS. 1-3 . The honing attachment assembly  10  is used with a portable turning machine  14 , such as a journal turning lathe (see  FIG. 1 ; see also  FIG. 9 ), to work on an outer surface finish of a workpiece  18  (e.g., a pipe or shaft). 
         [0034]    With reference to  FIGS. 2-3 , the assembly  10  includes a holder or housing  22  defining a bore  26  extending along a longitudinal axis A. The bore  26  receives (see  FIGS. 3 and 5 ) a shaft or elongated member  30 , a biasing member, such as a compression spring  34 , and an adjustment cap  38 . 
         [0035]    The elongated member  30  has a first end  42  with a square shoulder  46  and a seating surface  50  and a second end  54  defining a quick-release pin receiving aperture  58 . The shoulder  46  is complementary to a square portion  62  (see  FIG. 5 ) of the bore  26  to orient and prevent the elongated member  30  from rotating relative to the housing  22 . In other constructions (not shown), the shoulder  46  and the bore portion  62  may have another shape to orient and/or prevent rotation of the elongated member  30  relative to the housing  22 . 
         [0036]    The adjustment cap  38  has exterior threads  66  to engage corresponding interior threads  70  adjacent an upper end of the bore  26 . The cap  38  defines a drive portion  74 , such as a hexagonal shaped aperture (as illustrated) to be engaged by a complementary shaped tool (e.g., a hex key). In other constructions, the drive portion  74  may have another configuration, such as a slot, a protrusion, etc., engaged by a tool, such as a screwdriver, a wrench, etc. 
         [0037]    As shown in  FIG. 5 , the compression spring  34  is positioned within the bore  26  between the seating surface  50  of the elongated member  30  and the cap  38 . The compression spring  34  biases the second end  54  of the elongated member  30  out of a lower end of the bore  26  opposite the cap  38 . 
         [0038]    With reference to  FIG. 2 , the assembly  10  further includes a honing stone subassembly  82  with a swivel bracket  86  supporting a number of (e.g., two) honing stones  98 . In other constructions (not shown), the subassembly  82  may include a single honing stone  98  or more than two honing stones  98 . 
         [0039]    The swivel bracket  86  has first and second portions  90 ,  94 , each defining an axis B, C. The portions  90 ,  94  are angled relative to one another along the length of the swivel bracket  86  such that the axes B, C define a V-shape. In the illustrated construction, the angle between axes B, C is relatively shallow (e.g., approximately 165 degrees). The angle is generally less than 180 degrees and may be between 180 degrees and approximately 150 degrees or less. 
         [0040]    The swivel bracket  86  has a top surface  102  and opposite side surfaces  106  extending along the portions  90 ,  94 . The top surface  102  defines an elongated recess  110  extending centrally between portions  90 ,  94  and receiving the second end  54  of the elongated member  30 . A quick-release pin receiving bore  114  extends through the side surfaces  106  and the elongated recess  110 . The bore  114  is positioned between the portions  90 ,  94  and defines a swivel bracket pivot axis E transverse to and passing through a point of intersection of the axes B, C. 
         [0041]    Each portion  90 ,  94  of the swivel bracket  86  defines a channel  118  to receive a honing stone  98 . Each channel  118  extends through the associated portion  90 ,  94  transverse to its axis B, C. A honing stone  98  is received in each channel  118  oriented to extend perpendicular to the swivel bracket  86 . In the illustrated embodiment, the elongated member  30  is oriented by the square shoulder  46  such that the channels  118  and, thus, the honing stone(s)  98 , are oriented parallel to a longitudinal axis W of the workpiece  18  ( FIG. 3 ). 
         [0042]    Each portion  90 ,  94  of the swivel bracket  86  further defines a pin receiving bore  122  defining a honing stone pivot axis F parallel to the axis B, C of the associated portion  90 ,  94 . Each honing stone  98  is supported by a honing stone bracket  130  defining a cotter pin receiving aperture  134 . Each aperture  134  is aligned with the corresponding bore  122  when the honing stone  98  is received in the channel  118  of the associated portion  90 ,  94 . Each aperture  134  and bore  122  receives a cotter pin  138  to connect the honing stone  98  to the swivel bracket  86 . 
         [0043]    In the illustrated construction, each honing stone  98  is free to slightly pivot in the channel  18  about the axis F and about the cotter pin  138 . Each honing stone  98  is removable for replacement by removing the corresponding cotter pin  138 . The honing stones  98  may be coupled (removably or non-removably; pivotably or non-pivotably) to the swivel bracket  86  by another suitable method, such as a bolt, a fastener, adhesive, etc. 
         [0044]    The assembly  10  further includes a quick release pin  146 . When the second end  54  of the elongated member  30  is received in the recess  110 , the pin  146  may be axially inserted through the bore  114  in the swivel bracket  86  and the aperture  58  in the second end  54 . For replacement, substitution, repair, etc., the pin  146  allows the first honing stone subassembly  82  to be quickly disconnected from the elongated member  30  and an auxiliary or second honing stone subassembly  82   a  (see  FIGS. 2-3 ) to be connected. The second subassembly may similarly be quickly connected to the elongated member  30  with minimal downtime. 
         [0045]    With continued reference to  FIGS. 2-3 , the construction of the illustrated second subassembly  82   a  is substantially similar to that of the first subassembly  82 . The second subassembly  82   a  has a number of (e.g., two) second honing stones  98   a.  In some constructions, the second honing stones  98   a  have substantially the same coarseness as the first honing stones  98  so that, for example, the first honing stones  98  can be quickly replaced if worn or damaged. 
         [0046]    In other constructions, each first honing stone  98  and each second honing stone  98   a  has a different coarseness (i.e., grit) to provide different material removal rates and surface finishes. For example, each first honing stone  98  is 220 grit, and each second honing stone  98   a  is 320 grit. The honing stones  98 ,  98   a  may be standard honing stones readily available and/or purchasable. 
         [0047]      FIG. 1  illustrates the machine  14  mounted on a large diameter cylindrical workpiece  18  (e.g., a pipe or shaft). The illustrated machine  14  includes a clamshell assembly  154  supported by linear guide shafts  158  extending between a pair of support rings  162 . Each of the clamshell assembly  154  and the support rings  162  is ring-shaped with a central opening sized to receive the workpiece  18 . Each support ring  162  is supported on the workpiece  18  by centering bolts  166  threaded through corresponding threaded bores  170  defined in and radially extending toward a center of the opening of the support ring  162 . The bolts  166  may be adjusted to center the longitudinal axis W of the workpiece  18  in the opening of the support rings  162  and of the clamshell assembly  154 . 
         [0048]    The clamshell assembly  154  includes a stationary ring  178 , a movable ring gear (not shown), and a protective shroud  182  covering the movable ring gear. The stationary ring  178  has bosses  186  with linear bearings  190  configured to receive one guide shaft  158  to support the clamshell assembly  154 . The bearings  190  allow for linear travel of the clamshell assembly  154  along the guide shafts  158  (i.e., parallel to the longitudinal axis W of the workpiece  18 ) relative to the support rings  162 . The clamshell assembly  154  is driven by a linear feed screw  194  supported by the support rings  162  for movement parallel to the longitudinal axis W of the workpiece  18 . 
         [0049]    The movable ring gear is supported on the stationary ring  178  for rotation about a center of the opening of and relative to the stationary ring  178 . The movable ring gear is driven for rotation about the workpiece  18  by a drive assembly (not shown) including a motor (not shown). A tool mounting assembly  202  is connected to the movable ring gear for rotation with the movable ring gear about the center of the clamshell assembly  154 . 
         [0050]    With reference to  FIGS. 1 and 4 , the mounting assembly  202  includes a support block  206 , a tool block  210 , and a radial feed screw  214 . The support block  206  is fixedly connected to the movable ring gear ( FIG. 1 ) for rotation with the movable ring gear. The tool mounting assembly  202  is configured to mount various tools, such as a cutting tool, a burnishing tool, the honing attachment assembly  10 , etc. 
         [0051]    To mount the assembly, the housing  22  is clamped between two halves of the tool block  210  by set screws  218 . The assembly  10  is oriented with the honing stones  98  adjacent the workpiece  18 . The tool block  210  is supported by the support block  206  to allow the tool block  210  to slide relative to the support block  206  radially toward or away from the center of the clamshell assembly  154 . Turning the radial feed screw  214  moves the tool block  210  radially relative to the support block  206 . 
         [0052]    Although not shown, in some constructions, another tool mounting assembly is attached to the movable gear ring circumferentially spaced (e.g.,  180  degrees) from the first mounting assembly  202 . The second mounting assembly may support another honing attachment assembly similar to the assembly  10  described above and shown in  FIGS. 2-3 . The honing stones  98  of these attachment assemblies  10  may have the same coarseness. In other constructions, the honing stones  98  may have different coarseness. 
         [0053]    In the illustrated construction (see  FIG. 1 ), the workpiece  18  has a diameter of approximately 17 inches and the machine  14  is a journal turning lathe Model No. MS-JTL 20 sold by Hydratight. However, the honing attachment assembly  10  may be secured to a mounting assembly attached to another type of machine, such as a portable clamshell lathe or similar machines of different sizes. In addition, while a workpiece  18  having a diameter of 17 inches is shown in the illustrated construction, the assembly  10  may be used with workpieces of various different diameters and lengths. 
         [0054]    During operation of the machine  14 , the workpiece  18  is first supported by the support rings  162  of the machine  14 . The longitudinal axis W of the workpiece  18  is centered by adjusting the centering bolts  166  until the longitudinal axis W passes through the center of each support ring  162  and the clamshell assembly  154 . The machine  14  may be used to machine (e.g., cut, bevel, otherwise machine, etc.) the workpiece  18  (i.e., the shaft) by a machining tool (not shown) mounted by the mounting assembly  202  via rotation of the movable gear ring about the workpiece  18 . Alternatively, the machining operation may be omitted or may have been performed previously. As a further alternative, an intermediate operation, such as burnishing, may be performed after the machining operation. 
         [0055]    As mentioned above, machining processes typically results in an undesirable surface finish (e.g., Ra value between 80 and 160 microinches) while burnishing may improve the surface finish to between 30 and 60 microinches. To further finish the surface of the workpiece, the honing attachment assembly  10  may be used with the machine  14 . 
         [0056]    The machine tool, if previously-used, is disconnected from the tool mounting assembly  202 , and the tool block  210  supporting the honing attachment assembly  10  is connected to machine  14  by clamping the housing  22  in the tool block  210 . The tool block  210  is then connected to the support block  206  of the mounting assembly  202  or may have been connected before attaching the assembly  10 . 
         [0057]    Assembly and operation of a single honing attachment assembly  10  will be described. However, it should be understood that additional honing attachment assemblies  10  will be assembled and operated in the same way. 
         [0058]    Once the honing attachment assembly  10  is attached to machine  14 , the tool block  210  and the attachment assembly  10  are fed radially toward the outer surface of the workpiece  18  by turning the feed screw  214  until the honing stone(s)  98  contact the outer surface of the workpiece  18  and the spring  34  is compressed. 
         [0059]    The spring  34  provides a biasing force acting on the seating surface  50  of the elongated member  30 , which causes the honing stone(s)  98  to be biased into contact with the outer surface of the workpiece  18 . The spring  34  is compressed by an amount that determines how much force the honing stone(s)  98  exert on the workpiece  18 . Construction of the swivel bracket  86  equally distributes the force between each honing stone  98 . 
         [0060]    The operator turns the adjustment cap  38  in either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction with a tool engaging the drive portion  74 . Due to the threaded engagement of the cap  38  in the bore  26 , turning the adjustment cap  38  (depending on the direction) either loads or unloads the spring  34  to increase or decrease the force the spring  34  applies to the seating surface  50  of the elongated member  30 , thereby increasing or decreasing the force the honing stone(s)  98  apply to the outer surface of the workpiece  18 . 
         [0061]    The cap  38  may be initially adjusted to compress the spring  34  into a first condition to be pre-loaded by a specific amount such that the honing stone(s)  98  apply a first force to the workpiece. Power is supplied to the machine  14  to rotate the movable gear ring and the assembly  10  about the longitudinal axis W of the workpiece  18 . As the honing stone(s)  98  rotate, contact between the honing stone(s)  98  and the outer surface of the workpiece  18  removes material and improves the surface finish of the workpiece  18  with each pass. 
         [0062]    The honing stone(s)  98  are rotated until the average surface roughness reaches a threshold value based on the coarseness of the honing stone(s)  98  and the first force. After reaching the threshold or after a predetermined number of rotations, the clamshell assembly  154 , with the honing attachment assembly  10 , is fed axially along the longitudinal axis W via rotation of the linear feed screw  194  to hone a length of the workpiece  18  between the support rings  162 . 
         [0063]    After the threshold value of the average surface roughness of the outer surface is reached or after a certain number of passes, rotation and travel of the tool block  210  is stopped to allow the operator to turn the adjustment cap  38  to compress the spring  34  to a second condition, thereby increasing the force that the spring  34  applies on the swivel bracket  86 . The force that the honing stone(s)  98  apply to the outer surface of the workpiece  18  is increased to a second force. 
         [0064]    After the force is increased, rotation and travel of the tool block  210  is resumed so that the honing stone(s)  98  continue honing the outer surface of workpiece  18 . These steps are repeated, slowly increasing the force that the honing stone(s)  98  apply to the outer surface of the workpiece  18  by turning the adjustment cap  38  to compress the spring  34  until a desired surface finish is achieved with the first honing stone(s)  98 . Typically, this is a maximum achievable surface finish with the first honing stone(s)  98 . Applying too much force initially can wear out the workpiece  18  or deflect the machine  14 . 
         [0065]    Once a desired surface finish is achieved with the first honing stone(s)  98 , the first honing stone(s)  98  can be quickly substituted with the second honing stone(s)  98   a  to further improve the surface finish. To substitute the first honing stones  98 , the quick release pin  146  is removed, allowing the first subassembly  82  including the first honing stone(s)  98  to then be removed. 
         [0066]    The second subassembly  82   a  with the second honing stone(s)  98   a  may then be connected to the elongated member  30 . Specifically, the second subassembly  82   a  is positioned such that the second end  54  of the elongated member  30  is received in the elongated recess  110   a  of the swivel bracket  86   a  and the bore  114   a  and the aperture  58  are aligned. The quick release pin  146  is then inserted to connect the second subassembly  82   a.    
         [0067]    With the second subassembly  82   a  connected, substantially the same operation as described above is repeated until a desired surface finish (with a further improved average surface roughness) is achieved or a threshold value is reached based on the coarseness of the second honing stones  98   a.  Typically, this is a maximum achievable surface finish with the second honing stone(s)  98   a.  If necessary, another honing stone assembly (not shown) may be used to still further improve the average surface roughness of the outer surface of the workpiece. 
         [0068]    In the illustrated construction, the swivel bracket  86  is free to pivot about the swivel bracket pivot axis E relative to the elongated member  30  on the pin  146 . In addition, each honing stone  98  is free to pivot about the corresponding honing stone pivot axis F relative to the swivel bracket  86 . Due to the pivot axes E, F, the multi-stone design, and the shape of the swivel bracket  86 , the honing stone(s)  98  follow the profile of the outer surface of the workpiece  18  both axially and radially. 
         [0069]    With reference to  FIGS. 6-8 , the honing attachment assembly  10  may produce surface finishes with an average surface roughness between 8 and 32 microinches. The average surface roughness may be achieved within this range by increasing the number of passes while incrementally increasing the force and the number of honing block changes from coarser to finer honing stone(s). The assembly  10  may provide significant improvement in surface finish compared to the surface finish produced using machining tools or other surface finishing tools, such as burnishing tools. 
         [0070]    After repeated or prolonged use, the honing stone(s)  98  may become worn or damaged. Once significant wear or damage has occurred, the honing stone(s)  98  may be replaced. The honing stone(s)  98  may be replaced by replacing the entire subassembly  82  as described above. Alternatively or additionally, each honing stone  98  of the subassembly  82  may be individually replaced by removing the corresponding cotter pins  138  to allow the honing stones  98  to be removed from the associated channel  118 . A replacement honing stone (not shown) can then be inserted into the channel  118 . The cotter pin  138  can then be reinserted through the bore  122  of the swivel bracket  86  and the aperture of the replacement honing stone to pivotably secure the replacement honing stone within the channel  118 . 
         [0071]    In general, a honing attachment assembly  10  for use with a turning machine  14  may include a housing  22  supporting a honing stone  98  operable to engage a workpiece  18  to remove material. The housing  22  of the honing attachment  10  may support multiple honing stones  98 . The honing stone  98  may be pivotable relative to the housing about a first pivot axis E and a second pivot axis F normal to the first pivot axis E. The honing stone  98  may be supported for threading adjustment relative to the housing  22 . 
         [0072]    Another surface finishing assembly, such as a sanding attachment assembly  310 , is illustrated in  FIGS. 10-17 . The sanding attachment assembly  310  is used with the portable turning machine  14 , such as a journal turning lathe (see  FIG. 10 ; see also  FIGS. 1 and 9 ), to work on an outer surface finish of a workpiece  18  (e.g., a pipe or shaft). The assembly  210  is similar to the assembly shown in  FIGS. 1-5  and common elements have the same reference number plus “ 300 ”. 
         [0073]    With reference to  FIGS. 10 and 13-17 , the assembly  310  includes a holder or housing  322  defining a bore (not shown) extending along a longitudinal axis A. The bore receives a shaft or elongated member  330 , a biasing member, such as a compression spring (not shown), and an adjustment cap  338 . 
         [0074]    The elongated member  330  has an end  354  defining a pin receiving aperture (not shown). The opposite end of the elongated member  330  is configured to orient and prevent the elongated member  330  from rotating relative to the housing  322 . 
         [0075]    The adjustment cap  338  and the housing  322  having complementary threads (not shown). The cap  338  defines a drive portion  374 , such as a hexagonal shaped aperture (as illustrated), a slot, a protrusion, etc., to be engaged by a complementary shaped tool (e.g., a hex key, a screwdriver, a wrench, etc.). The compression spring is positioned within the bore between a seating surface of the elongated member  330  and the cap  338 . The compression spring biases the second end  354  of the elongated member  330  out of a lower end of the bore opposite the cap  338 . 
         [0076]    With reference to  FIGS. 13-17 , the assembly  310  further includes a housing assembly  520  supported on the end  354  of the elongated member  330 , a flexible band  524  supported on the housing assembly  520 , and sand paper  528  (shown in  FIGS. 10-12 ) supported by the band  524  (and the housing assembly  520 ). 
         [0077]    The housing assembly  520  includes housing portions  532   a,    532   b  pivotably connected to the end  354  by a pivot member  536  (e.g., a quick-release pin (see  FIG. 10 )) to form a pivot joint. Each housing portion  532  has a free end  540  and a curved portion  544  between each end  540  and the pivot member  536 . Each free end  540  supports a connecting assembly  548 . 
         [0078]    The illustrated flexible band  524  includes a thin metal band having opposite ends  552 . Likewise, the sand paper  528  has opposite ends  556  and a selected surface finishing characteristic (e.g., a grit) for the finish to be achieved. 
         [0079]    As shown in  FIGS. 10-11 , each connecting assembly  540  receives and releasably retains an end  552 ,  556  of the band  524  and the sand paper  528 , respectively. The connecting assembly  540  includes a first block  560 , a second block  564  and a fastener  568  engaging the blocks  560 ,  564  and the end  540  of the housing portion  532 . Each end  552  of the band  524  is held between the first block  560  and the end  540  of the housing portion  532 . Each end  556  of the sand paper  528  is held between the blocks  560 ,  564 . The connecting assembly  540  applies a clamping force to the band  524  and to the sand paper  528 . The fastener  564  and other projecting members (not shown) provide positive engagement between the connecting assembly  540  and the band  524  and the sand paper  528 . 
         [0080]    The band  524  is flexible to match the diameter of a workpiece  18  (e.g., a shaft) having a diameter between, for example, 6 inches and 32 inches. In other constructions (not shown), the sanding assembly  310  may be engageable with workpieces of different sizes. 
         [0081]    In the illustrated construction, the housing portions  532  are constructed to match the sanding assembly  310  to the workpiece  18 . The housing portions  532  have a length of, for example, 4 inches, to accommodate the size of the workpiece  18 . The illustrated curved portions  544  extends about an arc of approximately 135° and have a continuous radius of curvature of, for example, 1 inch, again to accommodate the size of the workpiece  18 . In other constructions (not shown), the housing portions  532  and/or the curved portions  544  may have different constructions for different workpieces. 
         [0082]    The assembly and operation of the sanding assembly  310  is similar to that described above with respect to the honing assembly  10 . As shown in  FIG. 10 , the sanding assembly  310 , with sand paper  528  having the desired grit, is supported on the tool mounting assembly  202 , and the turning machine  14  is operated to achieve the desired surface finish. During operation, the sand paper  528  may be replaced if, for example, damaged, worn, a different grit is desired, etc. 
         [0083]    The sanding assembly  310  may be substituted for a honing attachment, a machining tool, a cutting tool, a burnishing tool, etc., in the turning tool  14 . In contrast to a honing assembly, the sanding assembly  310  does not require honing oil. 
         [0084]    In general, a sanding attachment assembly  310  for use with a turning machine  14  may include a housing  322  supporting sand paper  528  (as illustrated, through a housing assembly  520  and a flexible band  524 ) operable to engage a workpiece  18  to remove material. The housing assembly  520 , along with the band  524  and the sand paper  528 , may be pivotable relative to the housing  322  about a pivot axis E. The housing assembly  520 , along with the band  524  and the sand paper  528 , may be supported for threading adjustment relative to the housing  322 . 
         [0085]    Although illustrated in connection with the machine  14 , such as a journal turning lathe, the surface finishing assembly  10 ,  210  may be used with other turning machines, such as clamshell lathes, or different sized turning machines. 
         [0086]    One or more independent features and/or independent advantages of the invention may be set forth in the claims.