Abstract:
A wind power generation system comprising: a wind power generation equipment having a rotor which is operative to convert energy of received wind to rotational energy, a nacelle which supports the rotor rotatably, a tower which supports the nacelle rotatably, a floating body which supports the tower and at least a part of itself is positioned above the surface of the sea, a fixing member which is installed or fixed on the sea bed, a mooring member which couples the floating body and the fixing member, wherein the mooring member is coupled to the floating body at place upward of the center of gravity of the floating body and the wind power generation equipment, and the floating body is practically supported by one fixing member.

Description:
CLAIM OF PRIORITY 
       [0001]    The present application claims priority from Japanese Patent application serial no. 2014-254746, filed on Dec. 17, 2014, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference into this application. 
         [0002]    1. Technical Field 
         [0003]    The present invention relates to a wind power generation system and more particularly, to a floating wind power generation system installed offshore. 
         [0004]    2. Background Art 
         [0005]    Offshore wind power generation systems have become more important from a viewpoint of worldwide demand for and economic performance of renewable energy. Above all, it has become more important to achieve the practical use of floating offshore wind power generation systems constructible even in deep sea areas. 
         [0006]    As shown in  FIG. 11 , a conventional floating offshore wind power generation system is anchored to the seabed with three or more mooring members in order to suppress pitch vibrations (windwise vibrations), roll vibrations (across-wind vibrations) and yaw vibrations (rotational vibrations) of a floating body. 
         [0007]    However, an offshore construction work for setting up the three or more mooring members substantially with an equal tension lowers the economic performance of the floating offshore wind power generation system. This triggers a strong demand for a floating offshore wind power generation system that is anchored in place with a single mooring member. 
         [0008]    As to the floating offshore wind power generation system, a technique such as set forth in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2005-526213 is known, for example. Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2005-526213 discloses “a wind-driven electric power plant which is built afloat at a deep sea area and includes: a machine room including an electric generator; an adjustment device; a rotor shaft and a rotor blade. The power plant has a structure where the above-described machine room is mounted atop a tower that is anchored to the seabed and basically afloat in an upstanding position because of the gravity center of the whole wind mill located downward from the center of buoyancy of the wind mill”. 
         [0009]    According to the wind-driven electric power plant of Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2005-526213, the large floating-type power generating wind mill installed offshore can achieve sufficient stability for absorbing wind power acting on the windmill rotor. 
       SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
       [0010]    In the development of the floating offshore wind power generation system, as described above, various approaches have been taken to reduce installation costs of equipment for offshore construction work and the like and to ensure that the wind mill on the instable ocean can efficiently generate electric power by receiving sufficient wind. 
         [0011]    The floating offshore wind power generation system as disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2005-526213, for example, has the following problem. Since the floating offshore wind power generation system is anchored to the seabed with a single mooring member, the system can achieve more reduction of the offshore construction work costs than the conventional floating offshore wind power generation system anchored with the three or more mooring members substantially of the same tension. However, when the direction of ocean current or the wind direction changes, it is difficult for the windmill to catch the wind fully so that power generation efficiency may fall. 
         [0012]    There is also a fear that the whole body of the floating offshore wind power generation system may become submerged when the ocean current speed increases beyond the scope of assumption because a bottom of the floating body is anchored to the seabed with a single mooring member. 
         [0013]    It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a floating offshore wind power generation system that is adapted for efficient electric power generation as well as the reduction of equipment installation cost. 
         [0014]    According to the present invention for achieving the above object, a wind power generation system comprising: a wind power generation equipment having a rotor which is operative to convert energy of received wind to rotational energy, a nacelle which supports the rotor rotatably, a tower which supports the nacelle rotatably, a floating body which supports the tower and at least a part of itself is positioned above the surface of the sea, a fixing member which is installed or fixed on the sea bed, a mooring member which couples the floating body and the fixing member, wherein the mooring member is coupled to the floating body at place upward of the center of gravity of the floating body and the wind power generation equipment, and the floating body is practically supported by one fixing member. 
         [0015]    The present invention can provide a floating offshore wind power generation system that is adapted for the stable, efficient electric power generation as well as the reduction of equipment installation costs. 
         [0016]    Problems, structures, and effects other than those described above will be apparent with explanations of the following embodiments. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         [0017]      FIG. 1  is a general schematic diagram showing a wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0018]      FIG. 2  is a general schematic diagram showing a wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0019]      FIG. 3  is a general schematic diagram showing a wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0020]      FIG. 4A  is a general schematic diagram showing a wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0021]      FIG. 4B  is a diagram showing a rotary fastening member of the wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0022]      FIG. 4C  is a diagram showing a rotary fastening member of the wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0023]      FIG. 5A  is a general schematic diagram showing a wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0024]      FIG. 5B  is a fragmentary sectional view of a tower of a wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0025]      FIG. 5C  is a fragmentary sectional view of a tower of a wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0026]      FIG. 5D  is a fragmentary sectional view of a tower of a wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0027]      FIG. 6  is a general schematic diagram showing a wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0028]      FIG. 7  is a general schematic diagram showing a wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0029]      FIG. 8  is a general schematic diagram showing a wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0030]      FIG. 9A  is a diagram showing a torsion preventive coupling member of a wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0031]      FIG. 9B  is a diagram showing a torsion preventive coupling member of a wind power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0032]      FIG. 10A  is a diagram showing a cone angle of a downwind type windmill; 
           [0033]      FIG. 10B  is a diagram showing a restorative force against, a yaw deviation angle of the downwind type windmill; and 
           [0034]      FIG. 11  is a general schematic diagram showing a conventional wind power generation system. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
       [0035]    The embodiments of the present invention will hereinbelow be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference characters refer to the corresponding components and the detailed description thereof is dispensed with. 
       First Embodiment 
       [0036]    First, a conventional wind power generation system is described with reference to  FIG. 11 .  FIG. 11  is a general schematic diagram showing a downwind type floating offshore wind power generation system. 
         [0037]    As shown in  FIG. 11 , the conventional floating offshore wind power generating system includes a floating body  5  floating on the ocean, and a tower  4  mounted on the floating body  5  and serving as a support pillar of the wind power generation system. A nacelle  3  incorporating an unillustrated electric generator is rotatably mounted on the tower  4 . 
         [0038]    A rotor which includes a hub  2  and a plurality of blades  1  is rotatably mounted. to one end of the nacelle  3 . The wind power generation system is constructed such that this rotor receives wind A and converts the received energy to rotational energy which is transmitted to the electric generator for electric power generation. 
         [0039]    The floating body  5  is liable to be instable under the influence of waves occurring on the sea surface  8  and the ocean current. When the floating body  5  becomes instable offshore, the wind power generation system mounted thereon, namely the windmill, is also in an instable condition so as to be incapable of efficiently receiving the wind A on the rotor. This results in decreased power generation efficiency. In order to set the floating body  5  in the stable condition as much as possible, a lower end of the floating body  5  is coupled to a fixing member  7  secured to a seabed  9  by means of a mooring member  6  made of a rigid rope, chain or the like. 
         [0040]    It is noted here that the conventional floating offshore wind power generation system has three or more mooring members  6  respectively coupled to the plural fixing members  7  separately secured to the seabed  9 , as shown in  FIG. 11 . The three or more mooring members  6  respectively interconnecting the floating member  5  and the fixing members  7  are set up substantially with an equal tension. The stability of the floating body  5  and the wind power generation system mounted thereon is ensured by setting up the three or more mooring members  6  with substantially the same tension. 
         [0041]    As described above, the offshore construction work for setting up the three mooring members with substantially the same tension requires adjustment so that the cost of the construction work is very high. 
         [0042]    Next, a floating offshore wind power generation system according to a first embodiment is described with reference to  FIGS. 1 and 2 .  FIGS. 1 and 2  are general schematic diagrams showing a downwind type floating offshore wind power generation system according to this embodiment.  FIG. 1  shows a condition of the floating offshore wind power generation system when the system is on the dead calm sea or in breeze.  FIG. 2  shows a condition of the floating offshore power generation system when the system is under a comparatively strong wind. 
         [0043]    The floating offshore wind power generation system shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2  has the same structure as the floating offshore wind power generation system of  FIG. 11  in that the tower  4  serving as the support pillar of the wind power generation system is mounted on the floating body  5  floating offshore. Further, this wind power generation system is also constructed the same way as the floating offshore wind power generation system of  FIG. 11  in that the nacelle  3  incorporating the unillustrated electric generator is rotatably mounted on the tower  4  and that the rotor including the hub  2  and the plural blades  1  is rotatably mounted to one end of the nacelle  3 . 
         [0044]    As shown in  FIG. 1 , the floating offshore wind power generation system according to this embodiment has the floating body  5  coupled to the fixing member  7  secured to the seabed  9  by means of a single mooring member  6  and thus is anchored to the seabed. It is noted here that the floating body  5  is coupled with the mooring member  6  at place upward of the center of gravity of the whole body of the floating offshore wind power generation system that includes the floating body  5 , and the wind power generation system mounted thereon, which includes the tower  4 , the nacelle  3 , the electric generator incorporated. in the nacelle  3 , and the rotor including the hub  2  and the plural blades  1  which are disposed on the leeward side of the nacelle  3 . 
         [0045]    The rotor including the hub  2  and the plural blades  1  is mounted as tilted upward in a manner that a plane interconnecting tips of the plural blades  1 , namely a rotor plane  10  has a tilt angle  11 . 
         [0046]    The above-described structure permits the floating offshore wind power generation system to be stably installed offshore even though the floating body  5  is anchored to the seabed  9  with a single mooring member  6 . 
         [0047]    Further, the power generation efficiency can be increased by assembling the rotor tilted upward to form the tilt angle  11 . As shown in  FIG. 2 , the rotor can receive the maximum amount of wind when, under the comparatively strong wind or the strong wind, the whole body of the floating offshore wind power generation system including the floating body  5  and the tower  4  is inclined toward the leeward side. 
       Second Embodiment 
       [0048]    A floating offshore wind. power generation system according to a second embodiment is described with reference to  FIGS. 3 and 9A .  FIG. 3  is a general schematic diagram showing a downwind type floating offshore wind power generation system according to this embodiment.  FIG. 9A  shows an example of a torsion preventive coupling member  12  shown in  FIG. 3 . 
         [0049]    As described in the foregoing, the conventional floating offshore wind power generation system has the structure less affected by the direction of the ocean current or the wind direction because the structure is stably anchored to the seabed by means of three or more mooring members with substantially the same tension. However, the floating offshore wind power generation system illustrated by the first embodiment has the floating body  5  anchored to the seabed  9  by means of a single mooring member  6  and hence, may encounter a problem. In a case, for example, where an intensive whirlpool occurs undersea or where the wind direction changes frequently, the whole body of the floating offshore wind power generation system turns about a connection between the mooring member  6  and the fixing member  7  as a fulcrum. 
         [0050]    In this case, the mooring member  6  may be entangled with arm unillustrated undersea cable, making the floating offshore wind power generation system unable to keep its balance well on the ocean. In consequence, the rotor fails to catch the wind A efficiently, resulting in the decreased power generation efficiency. There is also a fear that the floating offshore wind. power generation system may drift away if the mooring member  6  or the unillustrated undersea cable is broken. 
         [0051]    In the floating offshore wind power generation system according to this embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 3 , the single mooring member  6  is provided with at least one torsion preventive coupling member  12  so as to release torsion of the mooring member  6  in case that the mooring member  6  sustains torsion. 
         [0052]    This ensures that the torsion in the mooring member induced by the change in the ocean current direction or wind direction is suppressed even though the floating offshore wind power generation system is anchored to the seabed with the single mooring member. 
         [0053]    As shown in  FIG. 9A , an arrangement may be made such that the mooring member employs a mooring member  22  made of chain and coupled with a cable  23  for transmitting the generated electric power, and is provided with a torsion preventive coupling member  24  for releasing the torsion of the mooring member  22  and cable  23 . 
       Third Embodiment 
       [0054]    Now referring to  FIGS. 4A to 4C , description is made on a floating offshore wind power generation system according to a third embodiment.  FIG. 4A  is a general schematic diagram showing a downwind type floating offshore wind power generation system according to this embodiment.  FIGS. 4B and 4C  each show an example of a rotary fastening member  13  shown in  FIG. 4A . 
         [0055]    The second embodiment illustrates the example where the mooring member  6  is provided with at least one torsion preventive coupling member  12  for releasing the torsion in order to suppress the torsion of the mooring member induced by the change in the ocean current direction or the wind direction. This embodiment has a structure where the floating body  5  is provided with a rotary fastening member  13  which permits the rotation of the floating body  5 , or a structure adapted to suppress the torsion of the mooring member which is induced by the change in the ocean current direction or the wind direction. 
         [0056]    The mooring member  6  is coupled to the floating body  5  by means of the rotary fastening member  13 . This rotary fastening member  13  is mounted to the floating body  5  in a manner to be rotatable in a circumferential direction of the floating body  5 . 
         [0057]    As shown in  FIG. 4B , the rotary fastening member  13  coupled with the mooring member  6  is mounted to the floating body  5  via a bearing  14 . Because of the bearing  14  disposed between the rotary fastening member  13  and the floating body  5 , the rotary fastening member  13  is free to rotate in the circumferential direction of the floating body  5 . 
         [0058]    Even in the case where the floating offshore wind power generation system is anchored to the seabed with the single mooring member, as shown in  FIG. 4B , the torsion of the mooring member induced by the change in the ocean current direction or wind direction can be suppressed by coupling the mooring member  6  to the floating body  5  by means of the rotary fastening member  13 . 
         [0059]    Further as shown in  FIG. 4C , a pinion gear  15  and a drive motor  16  may be mounted to the rotary fastening member  13  such as to electrically drive the rotary fastening member  13  to rotate on the floating body  5 . In this case, it is also possible, for example, to detect the change in the ocean current direction or wind direction by a sensor and to control the position of the rotary fastening member  13  on the floating body  5  based on the detection value. 
         [0060]    As shown in  FIG. 4C , the direction of the floating body  5  can be changed in accordance with the ocean current direction or wind direction by electrically controlling the rotation of the rotary fastening member  13 . This also affords an effect to reduce yaw control load of the floating offshore wind power generation system mounted on the floating body  5 . 
       Fourth Embodiment 
       [0061]    A floating offshore wind power generation system according to a fourth embodiment is described with reference to  FIGS. 5A to 5D .  FIG. 5A  is a general schematic diagram showing a downwind type floating offshore wind power generation system according to this embodiment.  FIGS. 5B to 5D  each show a sectional view of the floating body  5  taken on the line B-B′ in  FIG. 5A . 
         [0062]    As shown in  FIG. 5B , the floating offshore wind power generation system according to this embodiment employs a spar type floating body  5  having a substantially cylindrical configuration such that a cross section of the floating body  5  is substantially shaped like a circle. Thus, the resistance of the ocean current against the floating body  5  can be minimized so that the torsion of the mooring member induced by the change in the ocean current direction can be suppressed. 
         [0063]    Further, as shown in  FIGS. 5C and 5D , the floating body  5  may be configured to have a substantially rectangular cross sectional shape or a substantially star-like cross sectional shape so as to be adapted to receive the resistance of the ocean current. Thus, the floating offshore wind power generation system can obtain an effect to attenuate vibrations occurring in the floating body and the wind power generation system. 
         [0064]    It is noted that the floating body  5  may be configured such that the whole body of the floating body  5  has any one of the cross sectional shapes shown in  FIGS. 5B  to  5 D or that the floating body  5  partly has any one of the cross sectional shapes shown in  FIGS. 5B to 5D . 
       Fifth Embodiment 
       [0065]    A floating offshore wind power generation system according to a fifth embodiment is described with reference to  FIG. 6 .  FIG. 6  is a general schematic diagram showing a downwind type floating offshore wind power generation system according to this embodiment. 
         [0066]    As shown in  FIG. 6 , a floating body of the floating offshore wind power generation system according to this embodiment is a semisubmersible floating body  20  composed of an assembly of plural substantially cylindrical structures. This semisubmersible floating body  20  is coupled with the mooring member  6 . The semisubmersible floating body  20  has a complicated configuration susceptible to the resistance of the ocean current and hence, can stably float in the sea. Thus the floating offshore wind power generation system is obtained which is less prone to rolling even when anchored to the seabed with a single mooring member  6 . 
       Sixth Embodiment 
       [0067]    A floating offshore wind power generation system according to a sixth embodiment is described with reference to  FIG. 7 .  FIG. 7  is a general schematic diagram showing a downwind type floating offshore wind power generation system according to this embodiment. 
         [0068]    While the floating offshore wind power generation system illustrated by the first embodiment is anchored to the seabed by means of a single mooring member  6  coupling together the floating body  5  and the fixing member  7  secured to the seabed  9 , the system of this embodiment is anchored by means of two mooring members  6  coupling together the floating body  5  and the fixing member  7  secured to the seabed  9 . 
         [0069]    As described in connection with the first embodiment, the conventional floating offshore wind power generation system shown in  FIG. 11  requires high costs for the offshore construction work thereof because the system has three or more mooring members coupled to the separate fixing members  7  secured to the seabed substantially with the same tension. On the other hand, the floating offshore wind power generation system of this embodiment has at least two mooring members  6  coupled to the same fixing member  7 . 
         [0070]    It is noted here that the at least two mooring members  6  may be coupled to the fixing member  7  substantially with the same tension or may individually be coupled to the fixing member  7  with different tensions. In a case where the two mooring members  6  are individually coupled to the fixing member  7  with different tensions, the cost for this offshore construction work can be reduced as compared with the case where the mooring members are coupled to the fixing member substantially with the same tension. 
         [0071]    According to the floating offshore wind power generation system of this embodiment, the floating offshore wind power generation system can be prevented from drifting away because even when one of the mooring members  6  is broken, the other mooring member  6  can moor the floating body  5 . 
       Seventh Embodiment 
       [0072]    A floating offshore wind power generation system according to a seventh embodiment is described with reference to  FIG. 8 .  FIG. 8  is a general schematic diagram showing a downwind type floating offshore wind power generation system according to one embodiment. 
         [0073]    The floating offshore wind power generation system of the sixth embodiment illustrates the example where the floating body  1  and one fixing member  7  are coupled together by means of at least two mooring members  6 . According to this embodiment, an additional fixing member  7  is secured to the seabed  9  and the floating body  5  and the additional fixing member  7  are coupled together by means of another mooring member  21  with a different tension. 
         [0074]    Such an arrangement has an effect that when the ocean current direction or the wind direction changes, the floating offshore wind power generation system is changed in position so that the tension of the mooring member  21  set up with the lower tension is increased so much as to exceed that of the other two mooring members  6  and hence, the floating body  5  is moored by the mooring member  21 . 
         [0075]    Even in the case where both the mooring members  6  are broken, the mooring member  21  can prevent the floating offshore wind power generation system from drifting away, just as in the sixth embodiment. Furthermore, the floating body  5  can be moored by the mooring member  21 . 
         [0076]    It is noted that the floating body  5  coupled to the plural mooring members may also be anchored to the seabed  9  practically with one of the plural mooring members, as shown in  FIG. 8 . 
         [0077]    It is also noted that the phrase “substantially one fixing member” obviously refers to a case where there is only one fixing member. In a case where there are plural fixing members, however, the above phrase means that it may be supported basically by one fixing member. In this case, there may be a transient state in which the force for momentarily supporting the floating body between a plurality of the fixed members is equally, however, basically it is possible to support the floating body  5  by about one fixing member. Note that it is practically supported by one fixing member includes a transient state as described above. 
         [0078]    In addition, the floating body  5  which is coupled to a plurality of mooring members may be fixed to the seabed  9  by practically one of the plurality of mooring members. 
         [0079]    It is noted that the phrase “substantially one mooring member” obviously refers to a case where there is only one mooring member. In a case where there are plural mooring members, however, the above phrase does not mean that all the mooring members are kept in tension but means that what is required is to keep at least one of the plural mooring members in tension. The mooring member placed in tension can change depending upon the position of the floating body. The concept for transient conditions is the same as those on “one fixing member” as described above. 
       Eighth Embodiment 
       [0080]      FIG. 9B  shows an example of the fixing member  7  secured to the seabed  9 . The filing member  7  is provided with a rotary fastening member  25  at an upper part thereof. The rotary fastening member  25  is formed with an aperture (hole) through which the cable  23  passes. Further, the rotary fastening member  25  is coupled with a mooring member  22  formed of chain. The rotary fastening member  25  assembled to the fixing member  7  is free to rotate on the fixing member  7 . The mooring member  22  formed of chain and the cable  23  are fixedly coupled with each other. 
         [0081]    The torsion of the mooring member can be suppressed by applying the fixing member  7  provided with the preventive measure against the torsion of mooring member, as illustrated by this embodiment, to the floating offshore wind power generation systems illustrated by the first to the seventh embodiments. 
       Ninth Embodiment 
       [0082]    A floating offshore wind power generation system according to this embodiment is described with reference to  FIGS. 10A and 10B .  FIGS. 10A and 10B  each show the nacelle  3  and the rotor, as seen from above, of the floating offshore wind power generation system illustrated by the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment. 
         [0083]    As shown in  FIG. 10A , the rotor shape of the floating offshore wind power generation system illustrated by the respective embodiments may have a configuration where a plurality of blades  1   a,    1   b  are assembled at a given angle (cone angle  26 ) to the hub  2  so as to allow the nacelle to be constantly directed in the wind direction with respect to yaw rotation about an axis of the tower. This cone angle  26  is an angle formed between a plane perpendicular to an unillustrated main shaft of the rotor and the blade  1   a  ( 1   b  ). 
         [0084]    By imparting this cone angle to the rotor of the floating offshore wind generation system illustrated by the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment, the nacelle can be directed in the wind direction with respect to the yaw rotation or the rotation of the windmill with respect to the tower axis. 
         [0085]    In a case where the nacelle  3  and the rotor of the floating offshore wind power generation system illustrated by the respective embodiments rotate as angled at a given angle (yaw deviation angle  27 ) as shown in  FIG. 10B , the blade  1   b  receives a greater thrust force than the blade  1   a  inclined at the larger angle to the wind A so that a yaw restorative force  28  is induced in the windmill, directing the nacelle in the wind direction. Thus, the floating offshore wind power generation system can maintain efficent electric power generation. 
         [0086]    As described above, the floating offshore wind power generation systems of the first embodiment to the ninth embodiment can provide a floating offshore wind power generation system that is adapted for the stable, efficient electric power generation as well as the reduction of offshore construction work costs for equipment installation. 
         [0087]    While each of the foregoing embodiments has been described mainly taking the downwind type floating offshore wind power generation system as an example, similar effects can also be obtained by an upwind type floating offshore wind power generation system. 
         [0088]    The floating offshore wind power generation system can be continuously operated even during power failure by adopting a structure which can supply the electric power to a yaw control mechanism from an auxiliary power supply such as an uninterruptible power supply mounted to the floating offshore wind power generation system. This auxiliary power supply can employ an electric storage device, a diesel power generator, an engine generator, a tidal power generator and the like, aside from the uninterruptible power supply. 
         [0089]    The present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments but includes various modifications thereof. For example, the foregoing embodiments have been described in detail for the purposes of clarity of the present invention. The present invention is not necessarily limited to embodiments that include all the components described. Further, a part of the structure of one embodiment is replaceable with a structure of another embodiment. It is also possible to add a structure of one embodiment to a structure of another embodiment. Further, a part of the structure of each of the embodiments permits addition of or replacement with another structure or deletion thereof. 
       REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 
       [0000]    
       
         A . . . WIND 
           1 ,  1   a,    1   b  . . . BLADE 
           2  . . . HUB 
           3  . . . NACELLE 
           4  . . . TOWER 
           5  . . . FLOATING BODY 
           6 ,  21 ,  22  . . . MOORING MEMBER 
           7  . . . FIXING MEMBER 
           8  . . . SEA SURFACE 
           9  . . . SEABED 
           10  . . . ROTOR PLANE 
           11  . . . TILT ANGLE 
           12 ,  24  . . . TORSION PREVENTIVE COUPLING MEMBER 
           25  . . . ROTARY FASTENING MEMBER 
           14  . . . BEARING 
           15  . . . PINION GEAR 
           16  . . . DRIVE MOTOR 
           17  . . . CIRCULAR CROSS SECTION 
           18  . . . RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION 
           19  . . . STAR-LIKE CROSS SECTION 
           20  . . . SEMISUBMERSIBLE FLOATING BODY 
           23  . . . CABLE 
           26  . . . CONE ANGLE 
           27  . . . YAW DEVIATION ANGLE 
           28  . . . YAW RESTORATIVE FORCE