Abstract:
In email and messaging systems, it&#39;s often difficult—and sometimes nearly impossible—to locate a particular URL link that was sent to you (or that you sent to someone else). This problem can become worse as time passes and it becomes more and more difficult to remember the time and/or context in which you sent or received the particular URL link. This disclosure relates to apparatuses, methods, and computer readable media to permit computing devices to utilize a single, integrated communications platform that may automatically index and archive message data (including “secondary message content,” such as: file attachments; URL links to other files and/or webpages embedded in the original message; and text and/or other media information located on the webpages that are linked out to by the links embedded in the original message, etc.) from messages in a variety of communications formats and received over a variety of communications protocols.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0001]    This disclosure relates generally to apparatuses, methods, and computer readable media for automatically archiving, sorting, and/or indexing content related to messages sent to and from computing devices across multiple communications formats and protocols. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    The proliferation of personal computing devices in recent years, especially mobile personal computing devices, combined with a growth in the number of widely-used communications formats (e.g., text, voice, video, image) and protocols (e.g., SMTP, IMAP/POP, SMS/MMS, XMPP, etc.) has led to a communications experience that many users find fragmented and restrictive. Users desire an experience where all of their data is accessible, searchable, and sortable to them through a single interface. 
         [0003]    Typically, users receive data, for example, text, voice, video and images, through a variety of communications formats. Data received from such sources is generally accessible, searchable, and/or sortable through only the communications format used to transmit it. As such, users experience difficulties in organizing, managing, and searching across such data. For example, a user may have to open various communications applications to discover where a certain data file is located. Even then, that file must be sent by, for example, email or direct message to another communications application in order to enable sharing with other users. This process is time-consuming and may cause difficulties in locating user data. 
         [0004]    Moreover, some message or communications may contain what is referred to herein as “secondary message content,” e.g., message content that may include: file attachments; links to other files and/or webpages; as well as text and/or other media information on the files and/or webpages that are linked out to by the links embedded in the original message, etc. As such, easily searching for particular content across all of a given user&#39;s communications formats and communications applications—including any “secondary message content” that may be embedded in the user&#39;s messages—is not possible. In fact, no methods are known for the creation of a single, integrated communications platform that can automatically index and archive data (including “secondary message content”) from messages in a variety of communications formats and received over a variety of communications protocols, index the data for deep searching, and allow for such data to be accessible to users through a single communications application interface. 
         [0005]    The subject matter of the present disclosure is directed to overcoming, or at least reducing the effects of, one or more of the problems set forth above. To address these and other issues, techniques that enable automatic archival, indexing, and accessibility of data, including “secondary message content” originating from messages received in a plurality of communications formats and delivered via a plurality of communications protocols. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0006]      FIG. 1A  is a block diagram illustrating a server-entry point network architecture infrastructure, according to one or more disclosed embodiments. 
           [0007]      FIG. 1B  is a block diagram illustrating a client-entry point network architecture infrastructure, according to one or more disclosed embodiments. 
           [0008]      FIG. 2A  is a block diagram illustrating a computer which could be used to execute the multi-format/multi-protocol communication techniques described herein according to one or more of disclosed embodiments. 
           [0009]      FIG. 2B  is a block diagram illustrating a processor core, which may reside on a computer according to one or more of disclosed embodiments. 
           [0010]      FIG. 3A  is an exemplary flow diagram describing how the multi-protocol communications system may automatically archive and index message content, according to one or more of disclosed embodiments. 
           [0011]      FIG. 3B  is an exemplary flow diagram describing how the multi-protocol communications system may query its databases for user message content data that has been archived and indexed, according to one or more disclosed embodiments. 
           [0012]      FIG. 3C  is an exemplary document repository page from a user-facing application for displaying documents sent to or from a particular user, according to one or more embodiments. 
           [0013]      FIG. 4A  is a block diagram of one embodiment of a Universal Message Object (UMO), according to one or more disclosed embodiments. 
           [0014]      FIGS. 4B-4D  contain a code representation of an exemplary Unified Message Object (UMO). 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0015]    Disclosed are apparatuses, methods, and computer readable media for automatically archiving, sorting, and/or indexing content related to messages sent to and from computing devices across multiple communications formats and protocols. More particularly, but not by way of limitation, this disclosure relates to apparatuses, methods, and computer readable media to permit computing devices, e.g., smartphones, smart devices, tablets, wearable devices, laptops, and the like, to utilize a single, integrated communications platform that can automatically index and archive message data (including “secondary message content,” such as: file attachments; links to other files and/or webpages; as well as text and/or other media information on the files and/or webpages that are linked out to by the links embedded in the original message, etc.) from messages in a variety of communications formats and received over a variety of communications protocols. The indexed message data may thus allow users to conduct deep searches for message content (and/or secondary message content, such as URL links) in a seamless fashion that is accessible to users through a single communications application interface. 
         [0016]    Referring now to  FIG. 1A , a server-entry point network architecture infrastructure  100  is shown schematically. Infrastructure  100  contains computer networks  101 . Computer networks  101  include many different types of computer networks available today, such as the Internet, a corporate network, or a Local Area Network (LAN). Each of these networks can contain wired or wireless devices and operate using any number of network protocols (e.g., TCP/IP). Networks  101  may be connected to various gateways and routers, connecting various machines to one another, represented, e.g., by sync server  105 , end user computers  103 , mobile phones  102 , and computer servers  106 - 109 . In some embodiments, end user computers  103  may not be capable of receiving SMS text messages, whereas mobile phones  102  are capable of receiving SMS text messages. Also shown in infrastructure  100  is a cellular network  101  for use with mobile communication devices. As is known in the art, mobile cellular networks support mobile phones and many other types of devices (e.g., tablet computers not shown). Mobile devices in the infrastructure  100  are illustrated as mobile phone  102 . Sync server  105 , in connection with database(s)  104 , may serve as the central “brains” and data repository, respectively, for the multi-protocol, multi-format communication composition and inbox feed system to be described herein. In the server-entry point network architecture infrastructure  100  of  FIG. 1A , centralized sync server  105  may be responsible for querying and obtaining all the messages from the various communication sources for individual users of the system and keeping the multi-protocol, multi-format inbox feed for a particular user of the system synchronized with the data on the various third party communication servers that the system is in communication with. Database(s)  104  may be used to store local copies of messages sent and received by users of the system, as well as individual documents associated with a particular user, which may or may not also be associated with particular communications of the users. As such, the database portion allotted to a particular user will contain a record of all communications in any form to and from the user. 
         [0017]    Server  106  in the server-entry point network architecture infrastructure  100  of  FIG. 1A  represents a third party email server (e.g., a GOOGLE® or YAHOO!® email server). (GOOGLE is a registered service mark of Google Inc. YAHOO! is a registered service mark of Yahoo! Inc.) Third party email server  106  may be periodically pinged by sync server  105  to determine whether particular users of the multi-protocol, multi-format communication composition and inbox feed system have received any new email messages via the particular third-party email services. Server  107  represents a represents a third party instant message server (e.g., a YAHOO!® Messenger or AOL® Instant Messaging server). (AOL is a registered service mark of AOL Inc.) Third party instant messaging server  107  may also be periodically pinged by sync server  105  to determine whether particular users of the multi-protocol, multi-format communication composition and inbox feed system described herein have received any new instant messages via the particular third-party instant messaging services. Similarly, server  108  represents a third party social network server (e.g., a FACEBOOK® or TWITTER® server). (FACEBOOK is a registered trademark of Facebook, Inc. TWITTER is a registered service mark of Twitter, Inc.) Third party social network server  108  may also be periodically pinged by sync server  105  to determine whether particular users of the multi-protocol, multi-format communication composition and inbox feed system described herein have received any new social network messages via the particular third-party social network services. It is to be understood that, in a “push-based” system, third party servers may push notifications to sync server  105  directly, thus eliminating the need for sync server  105  to periodically ping the third party servers. Finally, server  109  represents a cellular service provider&#39;s server. Such servers may be used to manage the sending and receiving of messages (e.g., email or SMS text messages) to users of mobile devices on the provider&#39;s cellular network. Cellular service provider servers may also be used: 1) to provide geo-fencing for location and movement determination; 2) for data transference; and/or 3) for live telephony (i.e., actually answering and making phone calls with a user&#39;s client device). In situations where two ‘on-network’ users are communicating with one another via the multi-protocol, multi-format communication system itself, such communications may occur entirely via sync server  105 , and third party servers  106 - 109  may not need to be contacted. 
         [0018]    Referring now to  FIG. 1B , a client-entry point network architecture infrastructure  150  is shown schematically. Similar to infrastructure  100  shown in  FIG. 1A , infrastructure  150  contains computer networks  101 . Computer networks  101  may again include many different types of computer networks available today, such as the Internet, a corporate network, or a Local Area Network (LAN). However, unlike the server-centric infrastructure  100  shown in  FIG. 1A , infrastructure  150  is a client-centric architecture. Thus, individual client devices, such as end user computers  103  and mobile phones  102  may be used to query the various third party computer servers  106 - 109  to retrieve the various third party email, IM, social network, and other messages for the user of the client device. Such a system has the benefit that there may be less delay in receiving messages than in a system where a central server is responsible for authorizing and pulling communications for many users simultaneously. Also, a client-entry point system may place less storage and processing responsibilities on the central multi-protocol, multi-format communication composition and inbox feed system&#39;s server computers since the various tasks may be distributed over a large number of client devices. Further, a client-entry point system may lend itself well to a true, “zero knowledge” privacy enforcement scheme. In infrastructure  150 , the client devices may also be connected via the network to the central sync server  105  and database  104 . For example, central sync server  105  and database  104  may be used by the client devices to reduce the amount of storage space needed on-board the client devices to store communications-related content and/or to keep all of a user&#39;s devices synchronized with the latest communication-related information and content related to the user. It is to be understood that, in a “push-based” system, third party servers may push notifications to end user computers  102  and mobile phones  103  directly, thus eliminating the need for these devices to periodically ping the third party servers. 
         [0019]    Referring now to  FIG. 2A , an example processing device  200  for use in the systems and methods outlined exemplarily herein. Processing device  200  may serve in, e.g., a mobile phone  102 , end user computer  103 , sync server  105 , or a server computer  106 - 109 . Example processing device  200  comprises a system unit  205  which may be optionally connected to an input device  230  (e.g., keyboard, mouse, touch screen, etc.) and display  235 . A program storage device (PSD)  240  (sometimes referred to as a hard disk, flash memory, or non-transitory computer readable medium) is included with the system unit  205 . Also included with system unit  205  may be a network interface  220  for communication via a network (either cellular or computer) with other mobile and/or embedded devices (not shown). Network interface  220  may be included within system unit  205  or be external to system unit  205 . In either case, system unit  205  will be communicatively coupled to network interface  220 . Program storage device  240  represents any form of non-volatile storage including, but not limited to, all forms of optical and magnetic memory, including solid-state storage elements, including removable media, and may be included within system unit  205  or be external to system unit  205 . Program storage device  240  may be used for storage of software to control system unit  205 , data for use by the processing device  200 , or both. 
         [0020]    System unit  205  may be programmed to perform methods in accordance with this disclosure. System unit  205  comprises one or more processing units, input-output (I/O) bus  225  and memory  215 . Access to memory  215  can be accomplished using the communication bus  225 . Processing unit  210  may include any programmable controller device including, for example, a mainframe processor, a mobile phone processor, or, as examples, one or more members of the INTEL® ATOM™, INTEL® XEON™, and INTEL® CORE™ processor families from Intel Corporation and the Cortex and ARM processor families from ARM. (INTEL, INTEL ATOM, XEON, and CORE are trademarks of the Intel Corporation. CORTEX is a registered trademark of the ARM Limited Corporation. ARM is a registered trademark of the ARM Limited Company). Memory  215  may include one or more memory modules and comprise random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), programmable read only memory (PROM), programmable read-write memory, and solid-state memory. As also shown in  FIG. 2A , system unit  205  may also include one or more positional sensors  245 , which may comprise an accelerometer, gyrometer, global positioning system (GPS) device, or the like, and which may be used to track the movement of user client devices. 
         [0021]    Referring now to  FIG. 2B , a processing unit core  210  is illustrated in further detail, according to one embodiment. Processing unit core  210  may be the core for any type of processor, such as a micro-processor, an embedded processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a network processor, or other device to execute code. Although only one processing unit core  210  is illustrated in  FIG. 2B , a processing element may alternatively include more than one of the processing unit core  210  illustrated in  FIG. 2B . Processing unit core  210  may be a single-threaded core or, for at least one embodiment, the processing unit core  210  may be multithreaded, in that, it may include more than one hardware thread context (or “logical processor”) per core. 
         [0022]      FIG. 2B  also illustrates a memory  215  coupled to the processing unit core  210 . The memory  215  may be any of a wide variety of memories (including various layers of memory hierarchy), as are known or otherwise available to those of skill in the art. The memory  215  may include one or more code instruction(s)  250  to be executed by the processing unit core  210 . The processing unit core  210  follows a program sequence of instructions indicated by the code  250 . Each instruction enters a front end portion  260  and is processed by one or more decoders  270 . The decoder may generate as its output a micro operation such as a fixed width micro operation in a predefined format, or may generate other instructions, microinstructions, or control signals which reflect the original code instruction. The front end  260  may also include register renaming logic  262  and scheduling logic  264 , which generally allocate resources and queue the operation corresponding to the convert instruction for execution. 
         [0023]    The processing unit core  210  is shown including execution logic  280  having a set of execution units  285 - 1  through  285 -N. Some embodiments may include a number of execution units dedicated to specific functions or sets of functions. Other embodiments may include only one execution unit or one execution unit that can perform a particular function. The execution logic  280  performs the operations specified by code instructions. 
         [0024]    After completion of execution of the operations specified by the code instructions, back end logic  290  retires the instructions of the code  250 . In one embodiment, the processing unit core  210  allows out of order execution but requires in order retirement of instructions. Retirement logic  295  may take a variety of forms as known to those of skill in the art (e.g., re-order buffers or the like). In this manner, the processing unit core  210  is transformed during execution of the code  250 , at least in terms of the output generated by the decoder, the hardware registers and tables utilized by the register renaming logic  262 , and any registers (not shown) modified by the execution logic  280 . 
         [0025]    Although not illustrated in  FIG. 2B , a processing element may include other elements on chip with the processing unit core  210 . For example, a processing element may include memory control logic along with the processing unit core  210 . The processing element may include I/O control logic and/or may include I/O control logic integrated with memory control logic. The processing element may also include one or more caches. 
         [0026]    Auto-Archiving and Indexing of Secondary Message Content 
         [0027]    Auto-archiving and indexing of secondary message content from messages received by a centralized, multi-protocol communications system in a variety of communications formats and via a variety of delivery protocols may be achieved through the use of certain databases  104  of the centralized communications system. These databases are referred to in this disclosure as “Vault” storage databases or, simply, “Vault,” for short. When a message, a data file, is received by the multi-protocol communications system, the central sync server  105  may initiate the following exemplary process to archive the message and its contents (including secondary message content, such as URL links and/or attachments from the message) and then index its contents to be searchable. Because the databases  104  of the multi-protocol communications system may act as a central repository for these messages, users are presumed to have registered for this service with the multi-protocol communications system and logged-in to the system using authorized credentials before viewing and/or searching across archived messages. 
         [0028]    An example of this auto-archiving and indexing process is shown in  FIG. 3A . When a message object is received by the multi-protocol communications system, at step  301 , the message and data file may be converted (if necessary) to a so-called Universal Message Object (UMO) data structure, which will be described in more detail below with reference to  FIG. 4 . The incoming message may originate from any communications channel and in any format (e.g., a MIME email received via SMTP from a Gmail account, or an Instant Message received from a Facebook account). Upon receipt of the message and conversion (if necessary) into the UMO format, the system, at step  302 , may initiate a procedure to save the message to the databases  104  of the system, e.g., the “Vault” storage databases. 
         [0029]    At step  303 , if the save procedure is successful, the body of the UMO message may be sent to what will be referred to herein as the Content Discovery Service (CDS), shown as step  304 . If the save procedure is not successful, then the process reverts to step  301 , and attempts the save procedure again. The CDS may comprise a software-implemented rules/machine-learning engine implementing a set of criteria, machine learning heuristics, artificial intelligence, or the like, designed to identify the “key,” that is, relevant, pieces of content related to any given message in any given format. For example, in the case of an email message object, the CDS may disregard the email&#39;s, “To,” “From,” and “BCC” fields, and instead scan the rest of the message body and any relevant links, attachments, etc. thereto for relevant content, e.g., information, topics, or “keywords” from the message and its associated content that a user may later wish to search based on. Thus, at step  305 , the CDS may parse the metadata of the UMO message to identify key characteristics of the message, such as its contents and its format. For example, the CDS may pull likely-relevant information, e.g., names, places, proper nouns, dates, times, URL links, media content, etc. from the message as potential “key” characteristics of the message. From this process, any secondary message content associated with the UMO message, if present, may also be identified. This process may also isolates the parsed items for individual processing, as will be described below. The isolated, parsed items may then be checked against the CDS Rules Engine at step  306  to determine if any particular actions should be take to archive, sort, and/or index the parsed item from the message. If there are parsed secondary message content items, such as a URL link, among the isolated, parsed items, then, at step  307 , the system may follow the relevant instructions for processing the particular type of secondary message content item. For example, in the case of a URL link, the system may create a ‘weblink’ object based on the URL link located in the message and add the created ‘weblink’ object to a database, e.g., database  104 , referred to here as the “Vault” database. The ‘weblink’ object may, e.g., be stored as a file of a pre-existing format (e.g., a PDF, a screenshot image, an exact HTML/CSS copy, a downloaded copy of an image or video, etc.). This object could also be stored in association with any relevant text-based tags associated with the URL link (e.g., by using full-text analyzers, computer vision-based, etc.). 
         [0030]    The system may then proceed to step  308  and actually visit or ‘crawl’ the webpage (or other data item) linked to by the URL link located in the message and download any “key” page content on the associated webpage hosted at the URL link, e.g., text, images, video, and/or other media data. In parallel, at step  309 , the process may also capture a live, i.e., contemporaneous, “snapshot” of the webpage (or other data item) linked to by the URL link located in the message. This may be particularly useful in situations where the content of a webpage changes frequently (or even if it changes slowly over time), so that, when the user goes back to search for a URL link sent to him by a particular contact (which may be years after the URL link was originally sent), the user is able to see the webpage as it looked at the date and time that the contact first transmitted the URL link to the user. This is much more likely to convey the actual content that the sender of the URL link actually wanted to convey to the recipient. The downloaded content may then be saved to the “Vault” database by the system at step  310 . The system may then create an association between the created ‘weblink’ object and the originally received message at step  311 . It is this message with the associated ‘weblink’ object that is then accessible to the user by search. In this manner, the URL link itself (as well as relevant content located on the webpage linked to by the URL link) are indexed and maintained on the databases  104  of the system in a quickly searchable fashion that is true-to-the-content of the URL link as of the date and time that it was sent by the sender. 
         [0031]    It is to be understood that, if the data item associated with the secondary message content is something other than a URL link, e.g., a document or attachment, an analogous process may be undertaken by the system to download “key” content from the data item (step  308 ) and/or capture and save a live “snapshot” of the data item (step  309 ) as it existed at the time of sending. An object storing the non-URL link data item and the associated “key” content and/or snapshot may then also be stored in the Vault database (step  310 ) and associated with the message object that it was sent in (step  311 ). 
         [0032]    An exemplary process for searching and accessing saved messages and their associated attachments and web links is disclosed exemplarily in  FIG. 3B . As disclosed above with respect to  FIG. 3A , because the databases  104  of the multi-protocol communications system may act as the central repository of the archived and indexed messages, the user is presumed to be accessing the message and/or its related attachments or links through the user-facing interface (e.g., via a client application program) of the multi-protocol communications system. This application program may be executing on the user&#39;s computers  103  or mobile phones  102 , and may act as the user&#39;s “communications portal” to the multi-protocol communications system. 
         [0033]    The exemplary process shown in  FIG. 3B  commences with step  312 , where the user may access the search functionality (e.g., search functionality  326  described with reference to  FIG. 3C  below) of the application of the multi-protocol communications system and enter one or more search terms into the application. The search may take the form of a simple keyword search or may combine search terms, such as the date/time of the last modification to the file, the date/time of receipt, the existence (or absence) of attachments, and any other typical searches that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. For the purposes of illustration, here it is presumed that the user has entered a simple “keyword” search term. In the case of a keyword-style search, the process may then proceed to step  313 , where the sync servers  105  of the multi-protocol communications system receive the search request from the user. The sync server  105  parses the contents of the user&#39;s search request to determine the search parameters to be queried at the database  104 . As noted above, if the user&#39;s search is a combination of search parameters, then the sync servers  105  will similarly recognize the compound search request and adjust its search query to the databases  104  to correspond to the user&#39;s request. 
         [0034]    Upon identifying the “key” parameters of the search request, the process may proceed to step  314 , where the sync servers  105  pass a search query to the databases  104  and utilize the database&#39;s search index, which may have been previously constructed, e.g., as disclosed with reference to  FIG. 3A . The databases  104  parse the search query and perform the search against the index to identify message content and/or secondary message content, such as, attachments, documents, and/or ‘weblink’ objects, that satisfy the parameters of the search. At step  315 , the results of the search are returned to the sync servers  105  by the databases  104 . Those results may include a list of the relevant messages, attachments, documents, and/or URL links, along with the messages, attachments, documents, and/or URL links themselves. If the messages, attachments, documents, and/or URL links are returned, they may be those that were stored at the databases  104 , as discussed above with reference to  FIG. 3A . In the case of returned URL links, the URL link path address may be returned, along with a snapshot of the link target webpage or web-accessible file, or a clipping of relevant text or media from the link target webpage or web-accessible file. As mentioned with respect to  FIG. 3A , because of the deep ‘crawling’ that may be performed by the system during the indexing process, a ‘weblink’ object sent to a user for a webpage related to classic cars may be returned in a keyword search for “cars” even if the text “cars” doesn&#39;t appear in the URL of the weblink object itself, e.g., based on the fact that the term “cars” and/or pictures or videos of cars are featured prominently in the actual content of the webpage that the URL links to. The depth to which a link target webpage (or web-accessible file) may be crawled is limited only by the time/storage space/computational capacity/interest of a given implementation. 
         [0035]    Subsequently, at step  316 , the sync servers  105  generate and return the results of the search request to the user-facing application. The search results set may be presented in a number of ways. For example, as shown at step  317 , the search results set, comprised of the messages, attachments, document, and/or weblinks, may optionally be ranked, e.g., with the ranking based on a strength of the match with the search request. Alternately, the search results set may be a list, sortable against one or more of the search parameters entered by the user and/or one or more preferences of the user. 
         [0036]    Finally, at step  318 , the search results set may be presented to the user through the multi-protocol communication system&#39;s user-facing application. The results may be presented as a ranked list, a sortable list or chart, or any other method readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Using those results, a user may sort matches against one or more search parameters in an order of his or her choosing and then request the specific messages, attachments, documents, and/or weblinks to be retrieved from the sync servers  105 , which will pass the requested data files to the user-facing application for user access. 
         [0037]    Turning now to  FIG. 3C , an exemplary document repository page  320  from a user-facing application for displaying documents sent to or from a particular user is shown, according to one or more embodiments. Row  322  in the example of  FIG. 3C  presents the user with the opportunity to select the particular sender  324 &#39;s ‘Vault’ page, which is a document repository of all the files (and/or secondary message content) shared between the user of the user-facing application and a particular sender, which, in this example, is sender Peter Ehrmanntraut  324 . In this example, there are 230 files (e.g., email attachments, photos, weblinks, etc.) that have been shared between the user of the user-facing application and sender Peter Ehrmanntraut  324 . As mentioned above, a searching functionality  326  may be provided, which searches the attachments, documents, and/or weblinks associated with the particular user&#39;s Vault and a particular sender. A user&#39;s Vault may include: multimedia files  328 , such as photos or videos; weblink objects  330  (as discussed herein); as well as other files  332 , such as word processing and presentation documents. 
         [0038]    As shown in  FIG. 3C , weblink objects  330  may comprise the URL link path address itself, a snapshot of the link target webpage or web-accessible file, and/or a clipping of relevant text or media from the link target webpage or web-accessible file. [It is to be understood that, while  FIG. 3C  shows an embodiment of a document repository page  320  with documents sent to or from a particular user (i.e., Peter Ehrmanntraut), in other embodiments, a single document repository page could contain all of a user&#39;s content, or it could contain documents shared to and from a particular group of users.] 
         [0039]      FIG. 4A  shows a block diagram  400  of one embodiment of a Universal Message Object (UMO), according to one or more disclosed embodiments. The block diagram  400  describes the relationship between various components of data that make up an exemplary UMO object. It should be appreciated that the UMO facilitates not only the communication between ‘on-network’ and ‘off-network’ users, but also facilitates the backflow of updating relevant conversation histories based on the message format and communication protocol utilized. 
         [0040]    Participant  401  objects represent an “on-network” or “off-network” users. Participant  401  objects correspond to any people identified in the traditional email format fields of “To,” “From,” “Cc,” and “Bcc.” However, the Participant  401  objects are not limited to this, as a Participant  401  may be any user engaged in the conversation, and is relational to the service being used as the underlying communication protocol. 
         [0041]    Service Identifier  402  object represents the service utilized by a single Participant  401  object in the delivery of a format over a communication protocol. For each “To”, “From,” “Cc,” and “Bcc” associated with a message, there may be a Participant  401  object containing a Service Identifier  402  indicating which service was used as the underlying format and communication protocol. The Service Identifier includes data related to the delivery of the message, including the type of the service, and the address. In the case of an SMS text message, a Service Identifier  402  object would have the type of “SMS” and the address would be respective telephone number. The Service Identifier  402  object implies a format and communication protocol unique to that indicated service. 
         [0042]    Message Unique  405  is the representation format and communication protocol specific format for a message. For every message sent using a particular delivery method to one or more recipients, one or more Message Unique  405  objects may be instantiated. Message Unique  405  objects contain the format and communication protocol specific data gathered during the delivery process. For example, timestamps of “sent” and “received,” based on the communication protocol, may be stored in this object. Additionally, in instances where the format and communication protocol are limited in some fundamental way, e.g. TWITTER® messages are limited to 140 characters and SMS text messages are limited to 160 characters, it may be necessary to send multiple messages across these communication protocols to fully convey the Sender&#39;s intended message. For this purpose, multiple Message Unique  405  objects would be instantiated to track the transmitted content. 
         [0043]    The Message Common  403  object is the message that an “on-network” user views in their Inbox feed. For every user message sent, there are common components present in all formats and communication protocols. For efficiency, these common components are extracted and contained in one object. Because of this efficiency, there is one Message Common  403  object for every message sent by the Sender. For example, the Message Common  403  object may store the body of the message, as well as the time sent at the moment the Sender selects ‘send,’ not the actual ‘sent time’ as reported by the underlying communication protocol (which may vary from protocol to protocol). This has the advantage of presenting one ‘unified’ or ‘common’ view to the Sender and recipient(s), while resolving minor discrepancies from the underlying communication protocols. 
         [0044]    The Message Source  406  object is a representation of the Message Unique  405  object, e.g., in a Javascript object notation (JSON) format. The Message Source  406  object may thus have a one-to-one relationship with the Message Unique  405  object. 
         [0045]    Message Group  404  object is a representative identifier that coordinates a Message Common  403  object. The purpose of a Message Group  404  object is to enable multi-protocol communication and establish a relationship between those messages. There may also be a one-to-one relationship between the Message Group  404  object and the Message Common  403  object. 
         [0046]    Turning now to  FIGS. 4B-4D , a code representation of an exemplary Unified Message Object (UMO) is shown, for illustrative purposes. To enable certain efficiencies and functionalities to be realized, the UMO may be converted into an extensible format to allow for the representation, and subsequent conversion, of the dissimilar components. Javascript object notation (JSON) is a format that allows for a flexible field enumeration, as well as parsers and database conversion tools. In this embodiment, fields from the multiple objects of the Universal Message Object can be related and combined to create a unified view of the UMO and its components. The conversion of any incoming messages to a common format allows for more efficient extraction of fields used in by any predicative data models. Put another way, the common format is an intermediary format for more efficient processing inside the exemplary multi-format, multi-protocol communication system described herein. 
       EXAMPLES 
       [0047]    The following examples pertain to further embodiments. 
         [0048]    Example 1 is a non-transitory computer readable medium that comprises computer executable instructions stored thereon to cause one or more processing units to: receive a first message in a first communications format; parse the first message based, at least in part, on the first communications format, to extract one or more characteristics; apply a first set of rules to the one or more characteristics; discover a first secondary message content item based, at least in part, on the application of the first set of rules to the one or more characteristics; store the first secondary message content item in a database; store one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item in the database; index the one or more key content items; and associate the one or more indexed key content items and the first secondary message content item with the first message in the database. 
         [0049]    Example 2 includes the subject matter of example 1, wherein the computer executable instructions further cause the one or more processing units to: store a first contemporaneous data item associated with the first secondary message content item in the database; and associate the first contemporaneous data item with the one or more indexed key content items and the first secondary message content item in the database. 
         [0050]    Example 3 includes the subject matter of example 2, wherein the computer executable instructions further cause the one or more processing units to: index the first contemporaneous data item. 
         [0051]    Example 4 includes the subject matter of example 1, wherein the computer executable instructions further cause the one or more processing units to: receive, from a first client application, a first query for content associated with the first secondary message content item; and generate a result set comprising at least one of the following: the first message; the first secondary message content item; and the one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item. 
         [0052]    Example 5 includes the subject matter of example 4, wherein the result set is sorted based, at least in part, on a preference of a user of the first client application. 
         [0053]    Example 6 includes the subject matter of example 2, wherein the computer executable instructions further cause the one or more processing units to: receive, from a first client application, a first query for content associated with the first secondary message content item; and generate a result set comprising at least one of the following: the first message; the first secondary message content item; the one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item; and the first contemporaneous data item associated with the first secondary message content item. 
         [0054]    Example 7 includes the subject matter of example 1, wherein the first secondary message content item comprises at least one of the following: an attachment to the first message; a document associated with the first message; and a URL link from the first message. 
         [0055]    Example 8 includes the subject matter of example 1, wherein the instructions to store one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item in the database further comprise instructions to crawl a webpage associated with the first secondary message content item. 
         [0056]    Example 9 includes the subject matter of example 8, wherein the instructions to store one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item in the database further comprise instructions to store one or more media items from the webpage associated with the first secondary message content item. 
         [0057]    Example 10 includes the subject matter of example 4, wherein: the first secondary message content item comprises a URL link, and the one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item comprise at least one of the following: a path address of the URL link; a contemporaneous capture of the URL link target webpage or web-accessible file; and a clipping of text or media from the URL link target webpage or web-accessible file. 
         [0058]    Example 11 is a computer-implemented method, comprising: receiving a first message in a first communications format; parsing the first message based, at least in part, on the first communications format, to extract one or more characteristics; applying a first set of rules to the one or more characteristics; discovering a first secondary message content item based, at least in part, on the application of the first set of rules to the one or more characteristics; storing the first secondary message content item in a database; storing one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item in the database; indexing the one or more key content items; and associating the one or more indexed key content items and the first secondary message content item with the first message in the database. 
         [0059]    Example 12 includes the subject matter of example 11, further comprising: storing a first contemporaneous data item associated with the first secondary message content item in the database; and associating the first contemporaneous data item with the one or more indexed key content items and the first secondary message content item in the database. 
         [0060]    Example 13 includes the subject matter of example 12, further comprising: indexing the first contemporaneous data item. 
         [0061]    Example 14 includes the subject matter of example 11, further comprising: receiving, from a first client application, a first query for content associated with the first secondary message content item; and generating a result set comprising at least one of the following: the first message; the first secondary message content item; and the one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item. 
         [0062]    Example 15 includes the subject matter of example 14, wherein the result set is sorted based, at least in part, on a preference of a user of the first client application. 
         [0063]    Example 16 includes the subject matter of example 12, further comprising: receiving, from a first client application, a first query for content associated with the first secondary message content item; and generating a result set comprising at least one of the following: the first message; the first secondary message content item; the one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item; and the first contemporaneous data item associated with the first secondary message content item. 
         [0064]    Example 17 includes the subject matter of example 11, wherein the first secondary message content item comprises at least one of the following: an attachment to the first message; a document associated with the first message; and a URL link from the first message. 
         [0065]    Example 18 includes the subject matter of example 11, wherein the act of storing one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item in the database further comprises crawling a webpage associated with the first secondary message content item. 
         [0066]    Example 19 includes the subject matter of example 18, wherein the act of storing one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item in the database further comprises storing one or more media items from the webpage associated with the first secondary message content item. 
         [0067]    Example 20 includes the subject matter of example 14, wherein: the first secondary message content item comprises a URL link, and the one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item comprise at least one of the following: a path address of the URL link; a contemporaneous capture of the URL link target webpage or web-accessible file; and a clipping of text or media from the URL link target webpage or web-accessible file. 
         [0068]    Example 21 is a system, comprising: a memory; and one or more processing units, communicatively coupled to the memory, wherein the memory stores instructions to configure the one or more processing units to: receive a first message in a first communications format; parse the first message based, at least in part, on the first communications format, to extract one or more characteristics; apply a first set of rules to the one or more characteristics; discover a first secondary message content item based, at least in part, on the application of the first set of rules to the one or more characteristics; store the first secondary message content item in a database; store one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item in the database; index the one or more key content items; and associate the one or more indexed key content items and the first secondary message content item with the first message in the database. 
         [0069]    Example 22 includes the subject matter of example 21, wherein the instructions are further configured to cause the one or more processing units to: store a first contemporaneous data item associated with the first secondary message content item in the database; index the first contemporaneous data item; and associate the indexed first contemporaneous data item with the one or more indexed key content items and the first secondary message content item in the database. 
         [0070]    Example 23 includes the subject matter of example 21, wherein the instructions are further configured to cause the one or more processing units to: receive, from a first client application, a first query for content associated with the first secondary message content item; and generate a result set comprising at least one of the following: the first message; the first secondary message content item; and the one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item. 
         [0071]    Example 24 includes the subject matter of example 21, wherein the first secondary message content item comprises at least one of the following: an attachment to the first message; a document associated with the first message; and a URL link from the first message. 
         [0072]    Example 25 includes the subject matter of example 21, wherein the instructions to store one or more key content items associated with the first secondary message content item in the database further comprise instructions to crawl a webpage associated with the first secondary message content item. 
         [0073]    In the foregoing description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosed embodiments. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the disclosed embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, structure and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the disclosed embodiments. References to numbers without subscripts or suffixes are understood to reference all instance of subscripts and suffixes corresponding to the referenced number. Moreover, the language used in this disclosure has been principally selected for readability and instructional purposes, and may not have been selected to delineate or circumscribe the inventive subject matter, resort to the claims being necessary to determine such inventive subject matter. Reference in the specification to “one embodiment” or to “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments is included in at least one disclosed embodiment, and multiple references to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” should not be understood as necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. 
         [0074]    It is also to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, above-described embodiments may be used in combination with each other and illustrative process steps may be performed in an order different than shown. Many other embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. The scope of the invention therefore should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.