Abstract:
A personal data assistant (“PDA”) watch uses a “character wheel,” or a “data dial,” to enter information, or characters, into the PDA watch. Such a dial makes the entering of data much quicker by taking advantage of the flexibility of the human wrist. A dial containing the character set disbursed around its circumference can be turned to indicate which character the user wishes to enter. The selection of a particular symbol/character can then be made by depressing the dial or some other input button.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD  
         [0001]    The present invention relates in general to information processing apparatuses, and in particular to personal data assistants.  
         BACKGROUND INFORMATION  
         [0002]    Personal Data Assistants (PDAs) are becoming increasingly popular, and several manifestations of the concept are currently on the market. One such manifestation (i.e., form factor) is the PDA watch, such as the Data Link manufactured by Timex and the BZX207SCR PC Unite watch manufactured by Casio. The advantage of PDA watches is that they are small, easily portable, and always available since they are attached to a person&#39;s wrist. The disadvantage is that entering information (i.e., data entry) is extremely difficult, so spontaneously entering data is tedious. Characters are generally entered by scrolling through the alphabet using the buttons on the side of the watch. If the supported character set is 36 characters (A-Z, 0-9), then the user may have to depress the button as many as 18 times to advance to the desired letter/number. Since, on average the user will have to press the button nine times per character, a fifteen character message will require 135 button presses. Another method for data entry into a PDA watch that has been utilized is to enter the data on a personal computer and then download it to the watch. This method is even more tedious than the former so that it is rarely used by owners of PDA watches. Additionally, the entering of information into the PDA watch requires that the user be near their personal computer, and thus remote entry of data is not possible.  
           [0003]    As a result of the foregoing, there is a need in the art for an improved mechanism for data entry into a PDA watch.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0004]    The present invention addresses the foregoing problem by the use of a “character wheel,” or “data dial,” to enter information, or characters, into the PDA watch. Such a dial makes the entering of data much quicker by taking advantage of the flexibility of the human wrist. A dial containing the character set disbursed around its circumference can be turned to indicate which character the user wishes to enter. The selection of a particular symbol/character can then be made by depressing the dial or some other input button.  
           [0005]    The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of the present invention in order that the detailed description of the invention that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be described hereinafter which form the subject of the claims of the invention.  
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0006]    For a more complete understanding of the present invention, and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:  
         [0007]    [0007]FIG. 1 illustrates a PDA watch configured in accordance with the present invention;  
         [0008]    [0008]FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of circuitry implemented within the PDA watch in accordance with the present invention;  
         [0009]    [0009]FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0010]    [0010]FIG. 4 illustrates an inner circumference of a dial lined radially with copper traces;  
         [0011]    [0011]FIG. 5 illustrates further detail of such copper traces;  
         [0012]    [0012]FIG. 6 illustrates an outer and inner sheath of the dial of the present invention;  
         [0013]    [0013]FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the present invention; and  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary inner circumference of a dial showing the placement of rotation and key traces.  
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
       [0015]    In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without such specific details. In other instances, well-known circuits have been shown in block diagram form in order not to obscure the present invention in unnecessary detail. For the most part, details concerning timing considerations and the like have been omitted in as much as such details are not necessary to obtain a complete understanding of the present invention and are within the skills of persons of ordinary skill in the relevant art.  
         [0016]    Refer now to the drawings wherein depicted elements are not necessarily shown to scale and wherein like or similar elements are designated by the same reference numeral through the several views.  
         [0017]    Referring to FIG. 1, there is illustrated a PDA watch  100  configured in accordance with the present invention. PDA watch  100  includes a display  101 , which could be comprised of any well known LCD or equivalent display mechanism. Furthermore, PDA watch  100  includes a wrist band  103  for wearing a PDA watch  100  on a human wrist. Also illustrated is character wheel or data dial  102  for data entry into the PDA watch  100  in accordance with the present invention. Character data is entered into the PDA watch  100  using dial  102  of character data. The characters appear radially around the circumference of the dial  102 . Dial  102  resides on the face of the watch  100 , similar to time dials which appear on many scuba diving watches. As the dial  102  is turned, the character at the top  104  of the dial  102  is detected by the watch  100  and displayed at an appropriate place in whatever data the user is currently editing on the display  101 . As an example, if the user wishes to enter in a person&#39;s name such as “Bob” into the PDA watch  100 , the user will turn the dial  102  so that the “B” is at the top  104 . Once the desired character is chosen, the user can press down on the dial  102  to enter the “B”, and a cursor is then advanced on the display  101 . Also, the “B” will be displayed, but not entered until the dial  102 , or another button is depressed. The user can then enter the next character, which in this example would be the letter “O,” and so on. Using this method, each character can be entered in less than one second. In contrast, selecting characters by pressing a button multiple times on the side of a PDA watch might take five seconds or more.  
         [0018]    Referring to FIG. 3, there is illustrated further detail on the mechanism for entering characters into the PDA watch  100 . The watch dial  102  is rotated to a desired alphanumeric character or symbol, which would be indicated by some type of arrow or other pointing configuration  104  on the watch  100  to indicate to the user that the wheel is turned sufficiently to enter the desired character. With each incremental rotation, the decoder  302  determines the position of the dial  102  and updates the register  303  with the selected character or symbol. In other words, the decoder decodes the position of the dial and enters a binary code into register  303  representing the character to be inputted. Decoder  302  also notifies the watch operating system  304  running on the data processing system  200  described below with respect to FIG. 2 that a character is about to be made available for reading in the register  303 .  
         [0019]    The watch operating system  304  will wait a sufficient number of clock cycles to allow the register  303  to be loaded, then will read the available character from register  303 . Once dial  102  is depressed (or some other button or crystal face is depressed on the watch  100 ), this will cause the trigger  301  to notify the watch operating system  304  that the user has selected the character in the register  303 . The watch operating system  304  receives the interrupt and notifies the currently active application running within the PDA watch  100  of the selection. The application may respond to the notification in an appropriate manner. Such applications could be any one of a vast array of applications currently available for PDAs, and any other applications to be created in the future that can make use of input alphanumeric characters from a user.  
         [0020]    The decoder of the present invention may utilize a quadrature system similar to that used in most computer mice. Referring to FIG. 4, the inner circumference of the dial  401  is lined radially with copper traces  402 , which are separated by a distance G (see FIG. 5) and share a common electrical connection. This common connection is transmitted to the circuitry on the watch base via a brush type connection. Referring to FIG. 5, the copper traces  501 ,  502  on the dial are connected to the watch circuitry via two brush type connections A and B, which are offset by a distance X. The distance X must be less than the distances G and T. The following state diagram may be used to deduce watch position and direction of rotation:  
                                               A   B   A   B   ΔChar                   0   0   0   1   +1       0   0   1   0   −1                  
 
         [0021]    All state changes not listed are deemed irrelevant. The +1 indicates that the dial was advanced one character clockwise, while the −1 indicates that the dial was advanced one character counterclockwise. The decoder is aware of the number of characters to be represented by the dial, and it will reset itself to the first character if the dial is advanced past the last character and vice versa.  
         [0022]    Referring to FIG. 6, the dial is composed of two pieces. An outer sheath  501  whose inner circumference contains the aforementioned copper traces  402 , and an inner sheath  601 . The outer sheath is the component manipulated by the user. The outer sheath  401  can slide down the inner sheath  601 , but is keyed so that any rotational force exerted on the outer sheath  401  is transferred to the inner sheath  601 , and hence the copper traces  402 . The outer sheath  401  is spring loaded, via a spring washer (not shown), so that it will spring back up to its original position after being depressed. A rocker switch  602  is used on the watch body to register a dial press, and notify the operating system that a character has been selected.  
         [0023]    Due to wear and tear on the dial over time, it is possible for the above apparatus to occasionally fail to detect a low to high transition on one of the brushes A, B. This would result in the watch dial becoming permanently out of sync with the decoder. To rectify this problem, a further enhancement may be made to the electrical tracing system, which can be thought of as a general self synchronizing rotation detection mechanism. Referring to FIG. 7, an additional contact brush is added above or below the two brushes A and B on the original inner column. Also, four traces are added to the inner circumference of the inner sheath above or below the radial traces. These traces K1, K2, K3, K4 are separated by roughly ninety degrees each, and are used to determine the position of the dial when they make contact with the new contact brush C. Each trace is unique in its placement relative to the copper traces  701 - 703 . FIG. 7 illustrates the copper traces laid out linearly, with the synchronization traces, or keys, appearing side by side. The brushes A, B and C are also displayed. The keys K1, K2, K3, or K4 share a common electrical connection with the radial traces. Whenever the electrical signal to brush C experiences a low to high transition, the states of brushes A and B are used to determine which key has been shorted with brush C using the following table:  
                                       A   G   Key Found                   0   0   K2       0   1   K3       1   0   K1       1   1   K4                  
 
         [0024]    Within the decoder, the table will contain the actual binary representation of the characters above the keys. That is, each key will be under a character (i.e., “R”), and the decoder will place the binary representation of the character (i.e., 19) in the character register  303  when the key under the character makes contact with the brush C. This will allow for four synchronizations per revolution of the dial.  
         [0025]    [0025]FIG. 8 illustrates a diagram showing an exemplary inner circumference of a dial with  42  characters, with the placement of the rotation and key traces.  
         [0026]    Referring to FIG. 2, an example is shown of a data processing system  200  which may be used for the invention. The system has a central processing unit (CPU)  210 , which is coupled to various other components by system bus  212 . Read only memory (“ROM”)  216  is coupled to the system bus  212  and includes a basic input/output system (“BIOS”) that controls certain basic functions of the data processing system  200 . Random access memory (“RAM”)  214  is also coupled to the system bus  212 . The dial  224  is connected to system bus  212  via user interface adapter  222 . Display  101  is connected to system bus  212  by display adapter  236 .  
         [0027]    Although the present invention and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.