Abstract:
A cartridge comprising a cup-shaped body having a base, a peripheral side wall and an open top with a lid attached to the cup-shaped body to define a container volume. The lid being pierceable to accommodate an inflow of an aqueous medium. A filter being located within the container volume to divide the container volume into an ingredient chamber volume and a filtrate volume. The base being pierceable to accommodate an outflow from the filtrate volume. 
     The peripheral side wall comprising a plurality of flutes that define a plurality of filtrate channels configured to direct beverage flow downwards. 
     The cup-shaped body being configured to be laterally expandable in use when aqueous medium at a temperature of at least 85° C. and a pressure of at least 20 KPa is introduced into the container volume.

Description:
FIELD 
       [0001]    The present application relates to cartridges, systems and methods for preparation of beverages. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    Cartridges for use in the preparation of beverages are well known. For example, it is known to provide a cartridge for use in a beverage preparation machine which, in use, is pierced by a piercing element of the beverage preparation machine to allow hot water to flow through the cartridge to brew a beverage medium such as roasted ground coffee. 
         [0003]    One example is described in US2010/0028495. Such cartridges and beverage systems are often used in domestic and workplace settings. It is desirable by consumers for each beverage to be dispensed as quickly as possible. However, especially for beverages requiring extraction of ingredients (such as roast and ground coffee), it has been found that a better beverage is produced where the beverage ingredients are compacted and subjected to relatively high pressures. This tends to require filters having a small pore size which results in flow rates through the cartridges which are relatively slow. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY 
       [0004]    The present disclosure provides a cartridge, containing one or more beverage ingredients, and comprising: 
         [0005]    a cup-shaped body having a base, a peripheral side wall and an open top; 
         [0006]    a lid attached to the cup-shaped body to close the open top to define a container volume, the lid being pierceable to accommodate an inflow of an aqueous medium into the container volume; 
         [0007]    a filter located within the container volume to divide the container volume into an ingredient chamber volume containing the one or more beverage ingredients and a filtrate volume; 
         [0008]    the base being pierceable to accommodate an outflow from the filtrate volume of a beverage formed from the aqueous medium and the one or more beverage ingredients; 
         [0009]    the peripheral side wall comprising a plurality of flutes that define a plurality of filtrate channels configured to direct beverage flow downwards towards the base of the cup-shaped body; 
         [0010]    wherein the cup-shaped body is configured to be laterally expandable in use when aqueous medium at a temperature of at least 85° C. and a pressure of at least 20 KPa is introduced into the container volume. 
         [0011]    Without wanting to be bound by theory, it is believed that the lateral expansion of the cup-shaped body helps to ensure that the filtrate channels remain unblocked and hence allow a faster flow. In addition, expansion of the filter may allow a larger filter area to be obtained which can also reduce brew times. 
         [0012]    The cup-shaped body may be configured to be laterally expandable by distortion of the flutes of the peripheral side wall. 
         [0013]    The peripheral side wall may have a generally frustoconical shape prior to use and, after lateral expansion during use, may have a generally barrel shape. 
         [0014]    In one aspect the peripheral side wall has a thickness of 0.15 to 0.35 mm. 
         [0015]    In one aspect the base has a thickness of 0.35 to 0.55 mm. 
         [0016]    The cup-shaped body may comprise a polymeric material. 
         [0017]    The cup-shaped body may comprise a laminated material. 
         [0018]    For example, the cup-shaped body may comprise a laminate of polystyrene and polyethylene. In another example, the cup-shaped body may be formed from a laminate having layers of polystyrene, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) and polyethylene. 
         [0019]    The cup-shaped body may comprise a barrier layer. The barrier layer may form one layer of a laminate structure of the cup-shaped body. The barrier layer may be substantially impermeable to oxygen/air and/or moisture. Preferably the barrier layer acts to preserve the contents of the cartridge from potential degradation due to exposure to oxygen/air and/or moisture. An example of a suitable barrier layer is EVOH. 
         [0020]    In one aspect the filter may be formed from a sheet material that may be formed into a cup-shape having a side wall and a base, wherein the filter may comprise a plurality of sections where the sheet material includes overlying sections when secured to the cup-shaped body and prior to introduction of the aqueous medium. 
         [0021]    In use the filter may be configured to be laterally expandable by movement of the sheet material. 
         [0022]    In use the filter may be configured to be longitudinally expandable by movement of the overlying sheet material. 
         [0023]    In one aspect the cartridge may further comprise a guard element located in the filtrate volume; 
         [0024]    wherein the guard element is separately-formed from the cup-shaped body and located within the filtrate volume to define an outlet zone, the guard element being interposed between the filter and the outlet zone; 
         [0025]    wherein the guard element is configured to prevent encroachment of the filter into the outlet zone such that in use on full extension of a piercing element of a beverage preparation apparatus the piercing element is enabled to be placed in fluid communication with the outlet zone without the piercing element contacting the guard element or filter. 
         [0026]    The guard element may be configured to provide physical support to at least a portion of the filter in use to limit or preclude axial expansion of the filter. 
         [0027]    The guard element may comprise a filter support surface and at least one strut portion for spacing the filter support surface from the piercing surface of the cartridge, wherein a distal end of said strut portion may be abutted into an angle formed between the side wall and the base. 
         [0028]    The filter may comprise an upper rim that is connected at or near a lid-end of the peripheral side wall and/or between the peripheral side wall and the lid and may further comprise a filter side wall that is unconnected to the peripheral side wall. 
         [0029]    The present disclosure also provides a system comprising a cartridge and a beverage preparation machine; 
         [0030]    wherein the beverage preparation machine comprises:
       a holder for receiving a cartridge containing one or more beverage ingredients;   an inlet piercer for piercing a lid of said cartridge for supplying an aqueous medium to the cartridge; and   an outlet piercer for piercing a base of said cartridge for allowing outflow of a beverage formed from the one or more beverage ingredients and the aqueous medium;       
 
         [0034]    wherein the cartridge comprises a cup-shaped body having the base, a peripheral side wall and an open top closed by the lid and the peripheral side wall comprises a plurality of flutes; 
         [0035]    wherein the holder comprises a wall defining a cavity for receiving the cartridge, the cavity having an internal diameter that is larger than an external diameter of at least a substantial portion of the peripheral side wall of the cartridge such that on insertion of the cartridge into the cavity an annular expansion gap is provided between at least a substantial portion of the peripheral side wall of the cartridge and the wall of the holder. 
         [0036]    The cup-shaped body may be configured to be laterally expandable in use when aqueous medium at a temperature of at least 85° C. and a pressure of at least 20 KPa is introduced into the container volume by the beverage preparation machine. 
         [0037]    The present disclosure also provides a method of forming a beverage from a cartridge having a cup-shaped body and a lid and containing one or more beverage ingredients, the method using a beverage preparation machine having an inlet piercer, an outlet piercer and a holder for the cartridge, the method comprising the steps of: 
         [0038]    inserting the cartridge into the holder, such that the cup-shaped body of the cartridge is received in a cavity bounded by a wall of the holder; 
         [0039]    piercing the lid of the cartridge with the inlet piercer; 
         [0040]    piercing the a base of the cartridge with the outlet piercer; 
         [0041]    injecting an aqueous medium through the inlet piercer into the cartridge to form the beverage, the aqueous medium being injected at a temperature of at least 85° C. and a pressure of at least 20 KPa; and 
         [0042]    dispensing the beverage via the outlet piercer; 
         [0043]    wherein due to passage of the aqueous medium through the cartridge the cup-shaped body is laterally expanded. 
         [0044]    Suitable materials for the filter include woven and non-woven materials, paper, and cellulose as well as plastics such as polypropylene and polyethylene. The paper or cellulose material may contain fibres of another material, for example, polypropylene or polyethylene. 
         [0045]    The lid may be formed from polyethylene, polypropylene, polyesters including polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyamides including nylon, polyurethane, paper, viscose and/or a metal foil. The lid may comprise a laminate, be metallised or formed of copolymers. In one example, the lid comprises a polyethylene-aluminium laminate. 
         [0046]    The disclosure finds particular application where the beverage medium is an extractable/infusible product such as roasted ground coffee or leaf tea. However, the beverage medium may alternatively be a water-soluble ingredient such as instant spray-dried or freeze-dried coffee, a chocolate powder, a milk powder or a creamer powder. Milk powders may include dried skimmed milk, part-skimmed milk, and whole milk, dried milk protein concentrates, isolates, and fractions, or any combination thereof. Creamer powders may be manufactured from dairy and/or non-dairy food ingredients and typically contain emulsified fat, stabilized by protein or modified starch, dispersed in a carrier that facilitates drying, especially spray drying. The powdered product may be agglomerated. As a further alternative the beverage medium may be a mixture of extractable/infusible ingredients and water-soluble ingredients, for example a mixture of roasted ground coffee and instant freeze-dried coffee. 
     
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0047]    Aspects of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
           [0048]      FIG. 1  is a cross-sectional elevation of a cartridge according to one embodiment of the present disclosure; 
           [0049]      FIG. 2  is a perspective cross-sectional view of the cartridge of  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0050]      FIG. 3  is a perspective view of a filter guard of the cartridge of  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0051]      FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional elevation of the cartridge of  FIG. 1  during dispensation; 
           [0052]      FIG. 5  a perspective view of another embodiment of a filter guard of the present disclosure; 
           [0053]      FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional elevation of a cartridge containing the filter guard of  FIG. 5  during dispensation; 
           [0054]      FIG. 7  is a cross-sectional view through the cup-shaped body of the cartridge of  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0055]      FIG. 8  is a perspective view of a filter for use in one embodiment of the cartridges of the present disclosure; 
           [0056]      FIG. 9  is a cross-sectional elevation of a cartridge according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
           [0057]      FIG. 10  is a perspective cross-sectional view of the cartridge of  FIG. 9 ; and 
           [0058]      FIG. 11  is a side view showing the typical shape of the cartridges of the present disclosure after dispensation. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0059]    As shown in  FIG. 1 , in a first aspect the cartridge  1  comprises a cup-shaped body  2 , a lid  3 , a filter guard  6  and a filter  8 . 
         [0060]    The cup-shaped body  2  of  FIG. 1  comprises a circular base  4  and an upwardly extending sidewall  5  that terminates at an upper rim  21  which defines an open upper end  20  of the cup-shaped body  2 . As shown in  FIGS. 2 and 7 , the side wall  5  is provided on its inner face with a plurality of flutes that include protrusions  28  that project radially inwards so as to define channels  29  interposed between the protrusions  28  which run down a substantial length of the side wall  5  from the open upper end  20  towards the base  4 . The side wall  5  is generally frustoconical in shape with a diameter at the open upper end  20  being larger than a diameter at the side wall  5  adjacent to the base  4 . An upper region of the side wall  5  adjacent to the upper rim  21  has an inwardly tapering section  22  extending downwardly from the upper rim  21 . In addition, the side wall  5  in the region of the base  4  is provided with an outwardly tapering section  23 . An upper end of the outwardly tapering region  23  connects to the remainder of the side wall  5  at an out-turned shoulder  24 . 
         [0061]    The base  4 , illustrated for example in  FIG. 4 , is generally flat and includes an annular recess  26  (illustrated in  FIG. 2 ) which is provided at its outer periphery at an corner  27  between the base  4  and the side wall  5 . A flat portion  4   a  of the base  4  provides a lower piercing surface  40  of the cartridge  1 . 
         [0062]    The cup-shaped body  2  may be formed from a laminate having layers of polystyrene, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) and polyethylene. The EVOH layer may act as a barrier layer which may be substantially impermeable to oxygen/air and/or moisture. Preferably the barrier layer acts to preserve the contents of the cartridge from potential degradation due to exposure to oxygen/air and/or moisture. 
         [0063]    A plurality of cup-shaped bodies  2  may be stacked together prior to assembly of the cartridges  1 . 
         [0064]    The lid  3  comprises a disc that is bonded or otherwise sealed to the upper rim  21  of the cup-shaped body  2  to close the open upper end  20  of the cartridge  1 . The lid  3  defines an upper piercing surface  43  of the cartridge  1 . 
         [0065]    In one embodiment, the filter  8  has a generally cup-shaped form having an upper filter rim  50  which is bonded or otherwise sealed to the cup-shaped body  2  (e.g. to the peripheral side wall) either at or near the upper rim  21 . In a non-illustrated example the filter rim  50  is bonded between the upper rim  21  of the cup-shaped body  2  and the lid  3 . A filter side wall  51  may extend downwardly from the filter rim  50  and may be closed off at a lower end by a filter base  52  as illustrated. The filter  8  may be moulded from a suitable material. Alternatively, the filter  8  may be formed from sheet material that is subsequently formed into the required geometric shape. 
         [0066]    The filter guard  6  may be formed as a separate component from the cup-shaped body  2  and filter  8  and may be located at a lower end of the cup-shaped body  2  as shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 . As most clearly shown in the embodiment of  FIG. 3 , the filter guard  6  comprises an upper portion  9  defining an upper surface  10  and a circumferential wall  11  which, in the illustrated embodiment, extends downwardly and outwardly from the upper portion  9  to terminate at a lower rim  31 . The upper portion  9  comprises an outer circumferential rim  14  and an inner circumferential rim  15  which are joined together by a plurality of radial bars  12  which define interposed upper apertures  13 . The inner rim  15  defines a central aperture  16  which extends downwardly through a downwardly extending tube  17 . The circumferential wall  11  may include a plurality of axially-orientated (or substantially axially-orientated) bars  18  which extend from the lower rim  31  to the outer rim  14  and which define interposed side apertures  19 . The filter guard  6 , illustrated in  FIG. 3 , is generally frustoconical in shape with a diameter of the lower rim  31  being greater than the diameter of the outer rim  14 . 
         [0067]    The filter guard  6  may be rigid; meaning that it has sufficient structural strength so as not to undergo any substantial deformation during the use described below. 
         [0068]    Advantageously, the filter guard  6  is shaped so as to be a stackable component prior to assembly of the cartridge  1 . The downwardly extending tube  17  serves to ensure that adjacent filter guards  6  are spaced slightly from one another when stacked to ensure ease of separation of each filter guard  6  from the stack. 
         [0069]    As most clearly shown in  FIG. 2 , the lower rim  31  of the filter guard  6  may be located in the annular recess  26  of the cup-shaped body  2  with the lower rim  31  held in contact with the corner  27  between the side wall  5  and the base  4 . 
         [0070]    In an exemplary assembly technique for the cartridge  1  as shown in  FIG. 1 , the filter guard  6  is first inserted into the open topped cup-shaped body  2  and pushed downwardly so as to engage the lower rim  31  as a push fit into contact with the corner  27  and recess  26 . Insertion of the filter guard  6  in one embodiment, is accommodated by flexure of the side wall  5  to allow the relatively rigid lower rim  31  to pass the smaller diameter of the cup-shaped body  2  at the level of the out-turned shoulder  24 . The side wall  5  is resilient in nature such that once inserted past the out-turned shoulder  24  the filter guard  6  is gripped and retained by the side wall  5  in contact with the corner  27  between the base  4  and the side wall  5  without the requirement for any additional bonding or connection means. 
         [0071]    Next, the filter  8  is inserted into the cup-shaped body  2  through the open upper end  20  and bonded or otherwise connected to or near the upper rim  21 , for example by heat sealing. 
         [0072]    As shown in  FIG. 1 , with the filter  8  in place a container volume of the cartridge  1  is divided into a beverage ingredient volume B to one side of the filter  8  and a filtrate volume C to the other side of the filter  8 . The filter guard  6  is located in the filtrate volume C beneath the filter  8 . The channels  29  formed between the flutes  28  form part of the filtrate volume C as they are ‘downstream’ of the filter  8 . 
         [0073]    A portion of beverage ingredients  7 , such as roasted ground coffee, is filled through the open upper end  20  into the beverage ingredient volume B. The cartridge  1  is then closed by sealing the lid  3  to the upper rim  21  with or without sandwiching of the filter rim  50  therebetween. Two or more of the assembly steps described above may be combined into a single assembly process step. 
         [0074]    In  FIG. 1 , when assembled the filter base  52  is physically supported by the upper surface  10  of the filter guard  6 . In one embodiment, the upper surface  10  of the filter guard  6  is configured to ensure that the material of the filter  8  does not extend into a portion of the filtrate volume C which can be considered an outlet zone D of the cartridge  1 . The outlet zone D is defined as the volume between the filter guard  6  and the base  4  of the cup-shaped body  2 . In one embodiment, filter guard  6  is configured to receive the piercing element such that, when the piercing element is fully extended in use, the piercing element does not move filter guard  6 . In one embodiment, filter guard  6  is configured to receive the piercing element such that, when the piercing element is fully extended in use, the piercing element does not contact filter guard  6 . In one embodiment, filter guard  6  defines an aperture  56   a  that may be configured to receive a piercing element of a beverage preparation apparatus, such that, when the piercing element is fully extended into outlet zone D in use the piercing element is placed in fluid communication with the outlet zone D. 
         [0075]    In use, as shown in  FIG. 4 , the cartridge  1  is inserted into a holder  58  of a beverage preparation apparatus. A peripheral wall of the holder  58  defines a cavity that is shaped and sized to receive the cartridge  1  so that an annular expansion gap  59  exists initially between the holder and the side wall  5  of the cartridge  1 . The annular expansion gap  59  may be 2 mm on each side of the cartridge  1 . 
         [0076]    The beverage preparation machine comprises an inlet piercing element  55  and outlet piercing element  56  which are engaged with the cartridge  1  to permit brewing and dispensation. As shown, the inlet piercing element  55  pierces the upper piercing surface  43  of the cartridge  1  to form an inlet so as to provide fluid communication to the beverage ingredient volume B. The outlet piercing element  56  pierces the lower piercing surface  40  of the base  4  to form an outlet to provide an exit flow path for beverage formed from the beverage ingredient  7  to leave the cartridge  1  and thereafter the beverage preparation apparatus can be dispensed to a receptacle such as a cup. The outlet piercing element  56  may be offset from the centre of the cartridge  1  so as not to be impeded by the downwardly-extending tube  17 . 
         [0077]    Aqueous medium, such as hot water, is injected into the cartridge  1  through the inlet piercing element  55  to contact the beverage medium  7 . A beverage extract is thus formed which passes through the filter  8  into the filtrate volume C. The beverage extract passes through the filter side wall  51  into the channels  29  where it is able to run downwardly and into the outlet zone D via the side apertures  13  in the filter guard  6 . Extract also passes through the filter  8  through the filter base  52  and into the outlet zone D through the upper apertures  13  and central aperture  16  of the filter guard  6 . 
         [0078]    During the flow of the water through the cartridge  1  the cartridge expands laterally due to the internal pressurisation of the cartridge and the softening effect of the water which typically has a temperature of at least 85 degrees Celsius. The lateral expansion is made easier by configuring the side wall  5  to comprise the flutes  28 . The lateral expansion causes the annular expansion gap  59  to be reduced or even closed entirely. As the uppermost and lowermost portions of the side wall  8  are more resilient to lateral expansion, the expansion process results in the frustoconical side wall  5  deforming into a barrel-shape as shown, for example, in  FIG. 11 . 
         [0079]    The lateral expansion of the cup-shaped body  2  of the cartridge  1  has advantageously been found to lead to reduced beverage formation times, which will be discussed further below. 
         [0080]    The lateral expansion of the side wall  5  of the cartridge  1  may be accompanied by lateral expansion of the filter  8 . This may be particularly the case where the filter  8  is formed from a sheet material which is formed into a cup-shaped form by the overlapping of the sheet material as shown, for example, in  FIG. 8 . In this case, lateral expansion is accommodated by the overlapping sections of the sheet material moving relative to one another, such that the filter  8  partly unfolds. The presence of the filter guard  2  limits or precludes axial expansion of the filter  8  downwards towards the base  4 . It may be preferred to configure the filter  8 , in terms of the size and arrangement of the overlapping sections, to ensure that the side wall  5  of the cup-shaped body  2  is able to expand laterally to a greater degree than the filter side wall. This helps to ensure that the channels  29  are always kept open. 
         [0081]    Advantageously, as shown in  FIG. 4 , a distance d between the base  4  of the cup-shaped body  2  and the lower face of the radial bars  12  of the filter guard  6  is greater than a penetration distance p of the outlet piercing element  56  into the cartridge  1 . This ensures that during use the outlet piercing element  56  does not contact either the filter guard  6  or the filter  8 . In one embodiment, aperture  56   a  of filter guard  6  extends from base  4  toward upper surface  10  a distance that is greater than penetration distance p. 
         [0082]      FIG. 5  shows another aspect of filter guard  6 ′ that may be incorporated into the capsule  1  in place of the filter guard  6  of  FIG. 3 . In describing this aspect, features common to the previous aspect, in particular the configuration of the cup-shaped body  2 , lid  3  and filter  8  will not be described further and reference should be made to the passages above. 
         [0083]    As before, the filter guard  6 ′ may be formed as a separate component from cup-shaped body  2  and is located at a lower end of the cup-shaped body  2  as shown in  FIG. 6 . The filter guard  6 ′ comprises an annular portion defining an upper surface  10 ′, an outer circumferential wall  11 ′ and an inner circumferential wall, both walls extending downwardly from the upper portion to adjoin a lower flange element. The lower flange element defines a lower rim  31 ′. A central aperture  16 ′ is provided within the upper surface  10 ′. The inner circumferential wall comprises a plurality of wall sections  18 ′ which define interposed side apertures  19 ′. 
         [0084]    The filter guard  6 ′ may be rigid meaning that it has sufficient structural strength so as not to undergo any substantial deformation during the use described below. 
         [0085]    Assembly of the cartridge  1  is as described previously except that the filter guard  6 ′ is inserted such that the lower rim  31 ′ is engaged in or close to the corner  27  of the cup-shaped body  2 . As above, the inwardly-tapered section  23  serves to maintain the filter guard  6 ′ in the correct position. 
         [0086]    As can be seen from  FIG. 6 , when assembled the filter base  52  is physically supported by the upper surface  10 ′ of the filter guard  6 ′ which ensures that the material of the filter  8  does not extend into a portion of the filtrate volume C which can be considered an outlet zone D of the cartridge  1 . The outlet zone D is defined as the enclosed volume between the filter guard  6 ′ and the base  4  of the cup-shaped body  2 . 
         [0087]    Use of the cartridge  1  is as described above except that beverage extract passing through the filter  8  is channeled to the outlet piercer  56  via the side apertures  19 ′ and the annular outlet zone D. 
         [0088]    In a modification of the above aspect, the outer circumferential wall  11 ′ may also be provided with apertures  19 ′ for passage of beverage flow into the outlet zone D. 
         [0089]      FIGS. 9 and 10  illustrate a second aspect of cartridge  1  according to the present disclosure. It is similar to the first aspect described above and in the following only the differences will be described. Like reference numerals have been used for like components. 
         [0090]    This aspect is substantially the same as the first aspect except that the cartridge  1  does not contain a filter guard  2 . Instead the filter  8  is suspended and configured to be kept clear of the outlet piercer  56  by its axial length. 
         [0091]    Use of the cartridge  1  is as described above. However, now the filter  8  is able to expand laterally and longitudinally downwards some way towards the base  4  of the cartridge  1 . As with the first aspect this expansion of the side all of the cartridge  1  and expansion of the filter  8  has been found to be advantageous for reducing beverage formation times. 
       Examples 
       [0092]    Four types of cartridge  1  were prepared. Each type had a fill weight of roast and ground coffee of 9 g. Ten samples of each type of cartridge were then brewed using a Cuisinart Model SS-700 beverage preparation machine, available from Cuisinart, Stamford, Conn., USA. The annular expansion gap between the wall of the holder and the side wall of the cup-shaped body was approximately 2 mm. The beverage preparation machine was set to dispense a drink of ‘Drink size 8’ (a nominal 8 oz drink size that during experiments delivered a drink weight of approximately 205-210 g) and the brew time to dispense each sample was then measured. 
         [0093]    The cartridge types were as follows: 
         [0094]    Type 1—A cartridge  1  as described in the second aspect, that is without a filter guard  2 . 
         [0095]    Type 2—A cartridge  1  as described in the second aspect, that is without a filter guard  2  but additionally having a collar placed around the peripheral side wall  5  of the cup-shaped body  2  to substantially prevent any lateral expansion of the cup-shaped body  2 . 
         [0096]    Type 3—A cartridge  1  as described in the first aspect, that is with a filter guard  2  as shown in  FIG. 3 . 
         [0097]    Type 2—A cartridge  1  as described in the first aspect, that is with a filter guard  2  as shown in  FIG. 3  but additionally having a collar placed around the peripheral side wall  5  of the cup-shaped body  2  to substantially prevent any lateral expansion of the cup-shaped body  2 . 
         [0098]    Thus, the Type 2 and Type 4 cartridges acted as controls to highlight the technical effect of the lateral expansion of the cartridges of Types 1 and 3. 
         [0099]    The average brew times were as follows: 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Cartridge 
                 Average Brew time 
                 Drink 
               
               
                 Type 
                 for Ten Samples(s) 
                 weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 1 
                 49 
                 210 
               
               
                 2 
                 52 
                 210 
               
               
                 3 
                 51 
                 206 
               
               
                 4 
                 61 
                 208 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0100]    As can be seen, the lateral expansion of the Type 1 cartridge  1  led to a reduced brew time of 49 sec compared to 52 sec for the control. In the case of the Type 3 cartridge  1  the reduction in brew time was a very significant 10 secs, from 61 secs to 51 secs. 
         [0101]    Without wanting to be bound by theory, it is believed that the lateral expansion of the cup-shaped body  2  (and optionally the filter  8  within) helps to ensure that the channels  29  which act to drain the beverage downwards towards the base  4  of the capsule  1  remain unblocked and hence allow a faster flow. In addition, expansion of the filter  8  allows a larger filter area to be obtained which can also reduce brew times. 
         [0102]    Whilst the fastest brew times were obtained where a filter guard  2  was not used, in some circumstances the advantages of using a filter guard will offset the potentially longer brew time. Even in this case, the lateral expansion has been found to be advantageous in reducing brew times by about 6%. 
         [0103]    From the foregoing it will be appreciated that cartridges for preparation of beverages and components for such cartridges are provided.