Abstract:
An apparatus includes a first and a second wireless communication modules and a packet traffic arbitration (PTA) module. The first wireless communication module issues a first request for a first transmission or reception operation in a first time period, wherein the first request includes information regarding a first power level for performing the first TX or RX operation. The second wireless communication module issues a second request for a second TX or RX operation in a second time period, wherein the second request includes information regarding a second power level for performing the second TX or RX operation. The packet traffic arbitration module receives the first request and the second request, and grants one or both of the first request and the second request according to the first power level and the second power level when the first time period is overlapped with the second time period.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The invention relates generally to a Packet Traffic Arbitration (PTA) method and an apparatus using the method, and more particularly, to an apparatus that uses the PTA method for coordinating the operation among a plurality of wireless communication modules thereof. 
         [0003]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0004]    In a wireless communication mechanism, a PTA request for TX/RX (transmission/reception) operation is sent for arbitration to determine whether the PTA request should be granted. With the development of wireless communication technology, a modern mobile device may be provided with more than one wireless communication service, such as a Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) wireless communication service. In this regard, the overlapping or adjacent operating frequency band among the different wireless communication services causes transmission performances thereof to degrade. Table 1 below shows the operating frequency band for a WiMAX, WiFi and Bluetooth wireless communication service. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Category of Wireless Communication Services 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Wireless 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Communication 
               
               
                 Usage 
                 service 
                 Frequency band 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Wide Area Network (WAN) 
                 WiMAX 
                 2.300-2.400 
                 GHz 
               
               
                   
                   
                 2.496-2.690 
                 GHz 
               
               
                   
                   
                 3.300-3.800 
                 GHz 
               
               
                 Local Area Network (LAN) 
                 WiFi 
                 2.412-2.4835 
                 GHz 
               
               
                   
                   
                 4.9-5.9 
                 GHz 
               
               
                 Personal Area Network (PAN) 
                 Bluetooth 
                 2.402-2.480 
                 GHz 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0005]    Thus, the coordination among different wireless communication services has become an important issue. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0006]    An embodiment of the invention discloses an apparatus comprising a first wireless communication module, a second wireless communication module and a packet traffic arbitration (PTA) module. The first wireless communication module issues a first request for a first transmission or reception (TX or RX) operation in a first time period, wherein the first request comprises information regarding a first power level for performing the first TX or RX operation. The second wireless communication module issues a second request for a second TX or RX operation in a second time period, wherein the second request comprises information regarding a second power level for performing the second TX or RX operation. The packet traffic arbitration (PTA) module is coupled between the first wireless communication module and the second wireless communication module, receives the first request from the first wireless communication module and the second request from the second wireless communication module, and grants one or both of the first request and the second request according to the first power level and the second power level when the first time period is overlapped with the second time period. 
         [0007]    Furthermore, an embodiment of the invention discloses a method for responding to grant and rejection signals issued by a packet traffic arbitrator (PTA) module, performed by a wireless communication module of an apparatus. The method comprises receiving a grant signal in response to a previously issued request for requesting the PTA module for performing a wireless communication operation, receiving a signal indicating that the granted request is rejected by the PTA module before the wireless communication operation finishes, and immediately stopping the wireless communication operation. 
         [0008]    An embodiment of the invention also discloses an apparatus comprising a first wireless communication module, a second wireless communication module and a PTA module. The first wireless communication module issues a first request for a first transmission or reception (TX or RX) operation in a first time period, wherein the first request further comprises information regarding a second time period for performing the next of the first TX or RX operation, the second wireless communication module issues a second request for a second TX or RX operation in a third time period overlapping with the second time period after the first RX or RX operation is finished. The PTA module is coupled to the first and second wireless communication modules, determining whether to grant or reject the second request according to information carried by the first and second requests. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0009]    The invention can be more fully understood by reading the subsequent detailed description and examples with references made to the accompanying drawings, wherein: 
           [0010]      FIG. 1  shows a diagram of an apparatus using a PTA module for coordinating the operation among different wireless communication services such as a WiMAX, WiFi and Bluetooth wireless communication service according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0011]      FIG. 2A  shows a PTA request configuration according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0012]      FIG. 2B  is a diagram illustrating periodical TX/RX operations; 
           [0013]      FIG. 3A  shows a process of a PTA module granting a PTA request according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0014]      FIG. 3B  shows a process of a PTA module rejecting a PTA request according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0015]      FIGS. 3C and 3D  shows a process of a PTA module taking back a granted PTA request when granting a newly coming PTA request according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0016]      FIG. 4  shows a flowchart of a PTA request arbitration performed by a PTA module according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0017]      FIG. 5  shows a flowchart performed by a wireless communication module for performing the TX/RX operation in response to reply messages from a PTA module according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0018]      FIG. 6A-1  shows a diagram of an exemplary operation conflict between a Bluetooth PTA request and a WiMAX PTA request according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0019]      FIG. 6A-2  shows a proposed solution for solving the operation conflict between a Bluetooth and a WiMAX PTA requests according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0020]      FIG. 6B-1  shows a diagram of an exemplary operation conflict among a Bluetooth PTA request, a WiMAX PTA request and a WiFi PTA request according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0021]      FIG. 6B-2  shows a proposed solution for solving the operation conflict among the Bluetooth, WiMAX and WiFi PTA requests according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0022]      FIG. 6C-1  shows a diagram of another exemplary operation conflict between a Bluetooth PTA request and a WiMAX PTA request according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0023]      FIG. 6C-2  shows a proposed solution for solving the operation conflict between the Bluetooth and WiMAX PTA requests according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0024]      FIG. 6D-1  shows a diagram of an exemplary operation between a WiMAX PTA request and a WiFi PTA request according to an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0025]      FIG. 6D-2  shows a diagram of a granted simultaneous operation between a WiMAX PTA request and a WiFi PTA requests according to an embodiment of the invention; and 
           [0026]      FIG. 7  shows a diagram of a PTA module rejecting a WiFi PTA request according to an interval information of a Bluetooth PTA request. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0027]    The following description is of the best-contemplated mode of carrying out the invention. This description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and should not be taken in a limiting sense. The scope of the invention is best determined by reference to the appended claims. 
         [0028]      FIG. 1  shows a diagram of an apparatus using a PTA module for coordinating the operation among different wireless communication services such as a WiMAX, WiFi and Bluetooth wireless communication service according to an embodiment of the invention. In  FIG. 1 , the apparatus  10  comprises a WiMAX module  11  implemented based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.16 standard, a WiFi module  13  implemented based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, a Bluetooth module  15 , and a PTA module  17 . The PTA module  17  handles the PTA requests issued from the WiMAX module  11 , the WiFi module  13  and the Bluetooth module  15 , and determines which PTA request is granted. Note that, those skilled in the art may realize the WiMAX, WiFi and Bluetooth modules  11 ,  13  and  15  sharing two antennas or less. 
         [0029]      FIG. 2A  shows a PTA request configuration according to an embodiment of the invention. A PTA request may comprise 8 fields: Start (1 bit)  21 , TX/RX (1 bit)  22 , Local Priority (N1 bits)  23 , Band Information (N2 bits)  24 , TX/RX Power Level (N3 bits)  25 , Start Time (N4 bits)  26 , Duration (N5 bits)  27  and Interval (N6 bits)  28 . The Start field  21  indicates the initialization of a PTA request, which is always set as  1 . The TX/RX field  22  indicates that the PTA request is a TX or RX operation. If the bit is set as  0 , for example, it indicates a TX operation and vice versa. The Local Priority field  23  indicates the local priority of the PTA request, which is further mapped into a global priority. The PTA module  17  uses the global priority information to determine which PTA request is granted. The local priority level of representative WiMAX packets is categorized as: 
         [0030]    (1) Level 0: MAPs (downlink control information) packets, which has the highest priority. MAP packets refer to packets broadcasted by a WiMAX base station to mobile stations, defining access to the downlink channel or uplink channel thereof (e.g. data reception or transmission interval for designated mobile station). 
         [0031]    (2) Level 1: real-time or voice data packets (ex. Unsolicited Grant Service). 
         [0032]    (3) Level 2: other packets, which have lowest priority. 
         [0033]    In addition, the local priority level of representative Bluetooth packets is categorized as: 
         [0034]    (1) Level 0: Synchronous Connection-Oriented (SCO), Extended Synchronous Connection-Oriented (e-SCO) or inquiry packets, which has the highest priority. 
         [0035]    (2) Level 1: other packets. 
         [0036]    In addition, the local priority level of representative WiFi packets is categorized as: 
         [0037]    (1) Level 0: Beacon packets, which has the highest priority. 
         [0038]    (2) Level 1: other packets. 
         [0039]    The local priority of different type of packets for WiMAX, Bluetooth and WiFi is then mapped into a global priority table, which may be stored in a non-volatile memory or storage device of the PTA module  17 , as shown in Table 2: 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Global Priority of WiMAX, Bluetooth and WiFi 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Global 
                   
                 Local 
               
               
                 Priority 
                 Type 
                 Priority 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 0 
                 WiMAX MAPs 
                 0 
               
               
                 1 
                 Bluetooth High Priority Packets 
                 0 
               
               
                 2 
                 WiFi Beacon Packets 
                 0 
               
               
                 3 
                 WiMAX UGS 
                 1 
               
               
                 4 
                 Bluetooth Low Priority Packets 
                 1 
               
               
                 5 
                 WiMAX BE Packets 
                 2 
               
               
                 6 
                 WiFi Data Packets 
                 1 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0040]    In another application, the above table may be adjusted to set the global priority  0  to an Tx or Rx operation for the Bluetooth High Priority Packets; the global priority  1  to an Tx or Rx operation for the WiMAX MAPs; and the global priority  2  to an Tx or Rx operation for the WiFi Beacon Packets. In still another application, the above table may be adjusted to set the global priority  0  to an Tx or Rx operation for the Bluetooth High Priority Packets; the global priority  1  to an Tx or Rx operation for the WiFi Beacon Packets; and the global priority  2  to an Tx or Rx operation for the WiMAX MAPs. 
         [0041]    Referring back to  FIG. 2 , the Band Information field  24  indicates the band information index setting for a wireless communication service. The band information for WiMAX, Bluetooth and WiFi, which may be stored in a non-volatile memory or storage device of the PTA module  17 , are shown in the following Tables 3-1 to 3-3 respectively: 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 3-1 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Band Information of WiMAX 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Band Information 
               
               
                   
                 Index 
                 (WiMAX) 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                  0 
                 2.300~2.310 GHz 
               
               
                   
                  1 
                 2.310~2.320 GHz 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                  9 
                 2.390~2.400 GHz 
               
               
                   
                 10 
                 2.500~2.510 GHz 
               
               
                   
                 11 
                 2.510~2.520 GHz 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 19 
                 2.590~2.600 GHz 
               
               
                   
                 20 
                 Other (don&#39;t case) 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 3-2 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Band Information of Bluetooth 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Band Information 
               
               
                   
                 Index 
                 (Bluetooth) 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 0 
                 2.402 GHz 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 2.403 GHz 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 2.404 GHz 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 78  
                 2.480 GHz 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 3-3 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Band Information of WiFi 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Band Information 
               
               
                   
                 Index 
                 (WiFi) 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 2.412 GHz 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 2.417 GHz 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 2.422 GHz 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 . . . 
                 . . . 
               
               
                   
                 13  
                 2.472 GHz 
               
               
                   
                 14  
                 2.484 GHz 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0042]    As shown in Table 3-1, the number of WiMAX bands is 21. Therefore, the required length of the Band Information field is 5 bits. Similarly, referring to Tables 3-2 and 3-3, the required lengths of Bluetooth and WiFi bands are 7 and 4 bits, respectively. 
         [0043]    Referring to  FIG. 2 , for a TX operation PTA request, the TX/RX Power Level field  25  indicates the TX power level setting index. Similarly, for an RX operation PTA request, the TX/RX Power Level field  25  indicates the RX power level setting index. The power level information for WiMAX, Bluetooth and WiFi are shown in the following Table 4: 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Power Level Information of WiMAX, Bluetooth and WiFi 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Power Level 
                   
                 Power Level 
                   
                 Power Level 
               
               
                 Index 
                 (WiMAX) 
                 Index 
                 (Bluetooth) 
                 Index 
                 (WiFi) 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 0 
                  &gt;30 dBm 
                 0 
                  &gt;0 dBm 
                 0 
                  &gt;20 dBm 
               
               
                 1 
                  &gt;20 dBm 
                 1 
                 &gt;−15 dBm 
                 1 
                  &gt;10 dBm 
               
               
                 2 
                  &gt;10 dBm 
                 2 
                 &gt;−30 dBm 
                 2 
                  &gt;0 dBm 
               
               
                 3 
                  &gt;0 dBm 
                 3 
                 &lt;−30 dBm 
                 3 
                 &gt;−10 dBm 
               
               
                 4 
                 &gt;−10 dBm 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 4 
                 &gt;−20 dBm 
               
               
                 5 
                 &gt;−20 dBm 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 5 
                 &gt;−30 dBm 
               
               
                 6 
                 &gt;−30 dBm 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 6 
                 &gt;−40 dBm 
               
               
                 7 
                 &gt;−40 dBm 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 7 
                 &lt;−40 dBm 
               
               
                 8 
                 &gt;−50 dBm 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
               
               
                 9 
                 &gt;−60 dBm 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
               
               
                 10 
                 &gt;−70 dBm 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
               
               
                 11 
                 &gt;−80 dBm 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
               
               
                 12 
                 &gt;−90 dBm 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
               
               
                 13 
                 &lt;−90 dBm 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
                 N/A 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0044]      FIG. 2B  is a diagram illustrating periodical TX/RX operations. Together with  FIG. 2A , for a PTA request, the Start Time field  26  indicates a time period between the start of the TX/RX operation and the issuance time of the PTA request t 21 to notify the PTA module when will be the requested TX/RX operation started. The Duration field  27  indicates the time duration requiring for the requested TX/RX operation t 22 . The Interval field  28  indicates a time period between the start of the next TX/RX operation and the issuance time of the PTA request t 23  to notify the PTA module when will be the next TX/RX operation started if the requested TX/RX operation is periodically occurred. The time duration required for the next TX/RX operation may be the same as the currently requested TX/RX operation. The Interval field  28  is zero if the requested TX/RX operation is not periodically occurred. 
         [0045]    As stated above, the PTA module  17  handles the PTA requests from the WiMAX module  11 , the WiFi module  13  and the Bluetooth module  15 , and determines whether to grant the PTA requests. There are three possible scenarios that may evolve: 
         [0046]    (1) The PTA module  17  may determine that there is no operation conflict between the PTA requests in a forthcoming time period. Therefore, the PTA module  17  grants all PTA requests. In this case, referring to  FIG. 3A , the PTA module  17  may set the PTA signal as “ 1 ” (or logic high) to the granted modules, denoted as  32 , following the Guard Time  31  until the TX/RX operation is finished. 
         [0047]    (2) The PTA module  17  may determine that there is an operation conflict between the PTA requests in a forthcoming time period. Therefore, the PTA module  17  determines which PTA request is granted and which PTA request or requests is or are rejected. In this case, referring to  FIG. 3B , for the PTA request that is rejected, the PTA module  17  may set the PTA signal as “ 0 ” (or logic low) to the rejected module(s) for 2 μs long, denoted as  33 , following the Guard Time  31 . In response to the rejection, if the rejected PTA request is for TX operation, the requesting wireless communication module (such as WiMAX module  11 , the WiFi module  13  or the Bluetooth module  15 ) does not perform the TX operation. If the rejected PTA request is for RX operation, the requesting wireless communication module can freely decide whether to perform the RX operation. This is because the TX operation of the rejected PTA request may affect another granted TX or RX operation. Therefore, the rejected wireless communication module should not perform the TX operation to avoid interference with another granted TX or RX operation. On the contrary, the RX operation of the rejected PTA request can receive data in an attempt and may fortunately obtain data when the media is not very bad. 
         [0048]    (3) The PTA module  17  may grant a PTA request and later take the granted PTA request back when the granted TX or RX operation conflicts with a newly coming PTA request with a higher priority PTA request. If the rejected PTA request is for TX operation, the wireless communication module stops the TX operation, referring to  35  of  FIG. 3C . If the rejected PTA request is for RX operation, the wireless communication module freely decides whether to finish the RX operation, referring to  36  of  FIG. 3D . 
         [0049]      FIG. 4  shows a flowchart of a PTA request arbitration performed by a PTA module according to an embodiment of the invention. In the beginning, a PTA request R 1  is received, where another PTA request R 2  was previously received (step S 40 ). Next, it is determined whether the time duration of the PTA request R 1  overlaps with the time duration of another PTA request R 2  (step S 41 ). If not, the PTA request R 1  is granted and recorded (step S 45 ). If so, the PTA module  17  checks the TX/RX information, band information and power levels of the PTA request R 1  and the PTA request R 2  (step S 42 ), and determines whether the PTA request R 1  and the PTA request R 2  will interfere with each other accordingly (step S 43 ). Although the durations of these two requests are overlapped, the PTA request R 1  and the PTA request R 2  will not interfere with each other, for an example, if the TX power level of a PTA request (may be PTA request R 1  or R 2 ) is low enough, such as lower than −10 dBm, and the RX power level of another PTA request is high enough, such as higher than −30 dBm. Or, for another example, if the following conditions are satisfied: the TX power level of a PTA request (may be PTA request R 1  or R 2 ) is smaller than a predetermined value, such as 15 dBm, the RX power level of another PTA request is greater than a predetermined value, such as −30 dBm, and the frequency band of the PTA request R 1  is separated from the frequency band of the PTA request R 2  by a predetermined value, such as 20 MHz. If the conditions are satisfied, the PTA request R 1  is granted and recorded (step S 45 ). If the conditions are not satisfied, the PTA module  17  determines which of the PTA request R 1  and the PTA request R 2  should be granted and which of the PTA request R 1  and the PTA request R 2  should be rejected according to the global priority information of the PTA request R 1  and the PTA request R 2  (step S 44 ). Finally, the PTA module  17  grants the PTA request with higher priority and records the granted PTA request (step S 45 ). 
         [0050]      FIG. 5  shows a flowchart performed by a wireless communication module for performing the TX/RX operation in response to reply messages from a PTA module according to an embodiment of the invention. In the beginning, a wireless communication module receives a reply message that is issued by a PTA module  17  in response to a PTA request previously issued by the wireless communication module (step S 50 ). Next, the wireless communication module determines whether the reply message is a grant message (step S 51 ). If so (grant message), the wireless communication module performs the TX/RX operation specified in the PTA request (step S 52 ). If not (rejection message), the wireless communication module determines whether the PTA request is an RX operation (step S 53 ). If not (TX operation), the wireless communication module doesn&#39;t perform the TX operation and postpones the TX operation until the next PTA request is granted (step S 54 ). If so (RX operation), the wireless communication module may forcibly perform or not perform the requested RX operation (step S 55 ). Following the step S 52 , the wireless communication module periodically determines whether the PTA module takes the grant message back during the ongoing TX/RX operation (step S 56 ). If not, the wireless communication module continues the TX/RX operation as usual until its completion (step S 57 ). If so, the procedure proceeds to step S 53 , wherein the wireless communication module determines whether the PTA request is an RX operation. If not (TX operation), the wireless communication module stops the ongoing TX operation (step S 54 ). If so (RX operation), the wireless communication module may forcibly continue the remaining RX operation or stop the ongoing RX operation (step S 55 ). 
         [0051]      FIG. 6A-1  shows a diagram of an exemplary operation conflict between a Bluetooth PTA request for transmitting Bluetooth packets  61   a  and a WiMAX PTA request for receiving WiMAX MAP packets  61   b  according to an embodiment of the invention. In  FIG. 6A-1 , the WiMAX PTA request comes before the Bluetooth PTA request, and the PTA module  17  determines that the time duration of the Bluetooth PTA request overlaps with the time duration of the WiMAX PTA request. In this case, the transmission of Bluetooth packets may interfere with the reception of WiMAX MAP packets, so other factors are taken into consideration. Referring to  FIG. 6A-2  which shows a proposed solution for solving the operation conflict according to an embodiment of the invention, the PTA module  17  further checks the TX power level specified in the Bluetooth PTA request, the RX power level specified in the WiMAX PTA request, and the frequency band of the two PTA requests, and determines that the condition stated in step S 43  is not satisfied. Therefore, the PTA module  17  determines that the transmission of Bluetooth packets  61   a  will interfere with the reception of WiMAX MAP packets  61   b . Following, the PTA module  17  checks the global priority information shown in Table 2 and determines that the WiMAX MAP packets have the highest priority. Therefore, the Bluetooth PTA request is rejected and its Bluetooth packets transmission  61   a  is postponed by a period so that the reception of WiMAX MAP packets  61   b  will not be interfered. Wherein, the Bluetooth packets transmission  61   a  can be postponed by the PTA module  17  since the Bluetooth PTA request is a periodic (3.75 millisecond) request. 
         [0052]      FIG. 6B-1  shows a diagram of another exemplary operation conflict among a Bluetooth PTA request for receiving Bluetooth packets  62   a,  a WiMAX PTA request for downloading WiMAX packets  62   b  and a WiFi PTA request for transmitting WiFi data packets  62   c  according to an embodiment of the invention. In  FIG. 6B-1 , the WiMAX PTA request comes first, followed by the WiFi PTA request and the Bluetooth PTA request. The PTA module  17  then determines that the time duration of the WiFi PTA request overlaps with the time duration of the Bluetooth PTA request and the WiMAX PTA request. In this case, the transmission of WiFi data packets  62   c  may interfere with the reception of Bluetooth packets and the downloading of WiMAX packets  62   b , so other factors are taken into consideration. Referring to  FIG. 6B-2  which shows a proposed solution for solving the operation conflict according to an embodiment of the invention, the PTA module  17  further checks the TX power level specified in the WiFi PTA request, the RX power level specified in the WiMAX and Bluetooth PTA requests, the frequency band of the three PTA requests, and determines that the condition stated in step S 43  is not satisfied. Therefore, the PTA module  17  determines that the transmission of WiFi data packets  62   c  will interfere with the reception of Bluetooth packets and the downloading of WiMAX packets  62   b . Following, the PTA module  17  checks the global priority information shown in Table 2 and determines that the WiFi data packets have lowest priority. Therefore, the WiFi PTA request is rejected and its WiFi data packets transmission  62   c  is postponed by the PTA module  17  until the reception of Bluetooth packets  62   a  and the downloading of WiMAX packets  62   b  are finished. In this manner, the reception of Bluetooth packets  62   a  and the downloading of WiMAX packets  62   b  will not be interfered. 
         [0053]      FIG. 6C-1  shows a diagram of another exemplary operation conflict between a Bluetooth PTA request for receiving Bluetooth packets  63   b  and a WiMAX PTA request for uploading WiMAX packets  63   c  according to an embodiment of the invention. In  FIG. 6C-1 , only the WiMAX PTA request is presented at the beginning. Referring to  FIG. 6C-2  which shows a proposed solution for solving the operation conflict according to an embodiment of the invention, even though only the WiMAX PTA request is present at the beginning, the uploading of WiMAX packets  63   c  is still not granted. This is because the PTA module  17  is able to determine the receipt of the next Bluetooth PTA request  63   b  by the interval information specified in the prior Bluetooth PTA request, as shown in  FIG. 6A-1  or  6 A- 2  also. Based on this, the PTA module  17  determines that the time duration of the current WiMAX PTA request overlaps with the time duration of the next Bluetooth PTA request to be received. In this case, the uploading of WiMAX packets  63   c  may interfere with the reception of Bluetooth packets  63   b , so other factors are taken into consideration. Next, the PTA module  17  further checks the TX power level specified in the WiMAX PTA request, the RX power level specified in the Bluetooth PTA request, the frequency band of the two PTA requests, and determines that the uploading of WiMAX packets  63   c  will interfere with the reception of Bluetooth packets  63   b . Following, the PTA module  17  further checks the global priority information shown in Table 2 and determines that the WiMAX packets have lower priority. Therefore, the WiMAX PTA request is rejected before the Bluetooth PTA request comes out. In this manner, the reception of Bluetooth packets  63   b  that is going to take place will not be interfered. 
         [0054]      FIG. 6D-1  shows a diagram of another exemplary operation between a WiMAX PTA request for uploading WiMAX packets  64   a  and a WiFi PTA request for receiving WiFi Beacon packets  64   b  according to an embodiment of the invention. In  FIG. 6D-1 , the WiMAX PTA request comes before the WiFi PTA request and the PTA module  17  determines that the time duration of the WiFi PTA request overlaps with the time duration of the WiMAX PTA request. In this case, the uploading of WiMAX packets  64   a  may interfere with the reception of WiFi Beacon packets  64   b , so other factors are taken into consideration. Referring to  FIG. 6D-2 , the PTA module  17  further checks the TX power level specified in the WiMAX PTA request, and the RX power level specified in the WiFi PTA request, the frequency band of the two PTA requests, and determines that the uploading of WiMAX packets  64   a  will not interfere with the reception of WiFi Beacon packets  64   b  since their frequency band separation is greater than 20 MHz. Therefore, the PTA module  17  allows the uploading of WiMAX packets  64   a  and the reception of WiFi Beacon packets  64   b  to be taken place simultaneously. 
         [0055]    An embodiment of the PTA module may reject a PTA request for another un-issued periodical PTA request that has a higher priority, which can be predicted by the PTA module  17 . For example, referring to  FIG. 7 , a WiFi PTA request for TX operation comes prior to a second Bluetooth PTA request not issued yet, and the WiFi PTA request is still rejected because the PTA module  17  predicts the second Bluetooth PTA request will be received according to the Interval field  28  specified in the first Bluetooth PTA request. 
         [0056]    While the invention has been described by way of example and in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. To the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements (as would be apparent to those skilled in the art). Therefore, the scope of the appended claims should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements.