Abstract:
A method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting display apparatus contemplates preparing a first substrate, preparing a second substrate, forming a first sealant and a second sealant on the second substrate, the first sealant having a height different from a height of the second sealant, injecting a filling material into a space surrounded by the first sealant and the second sealant, adhering the first substrate to the second substrate, and radiating an energy beam onto at least one of the first sealant and the second sealant.

Description:
CLAIM OF PRIORITY 
     This application makes reference to, incorporates the same herein, and claims all benefits accruing under 35 U.S.C. §119 from an application earlier filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on the 23 rd  of Nov. 2009 and there duly assigned Serial No. 10-2009-0113353. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to an organic light-emitting display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same and, more particularly, to an organic light-emitting display apparatus capable of preventing deterioration of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and a method of manufacturing the organic light-emitting display apparatus. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     An organic light-emitting display apparatus is a flat panel display apparatus. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     One aspect of this disclosure provides an improved organic light-emitting display apparatus and an improved method of manufacturing the organic light-emitting display apparatus. 
     Another aspect of this disclosure provides an organic light-emitting display apparatus with improved strength and that prevents an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) from deteriorating, and a method of manufacturing the organic light-emitting display apparatus. 
     According to an aspect of the present invention, a method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting display apparatus contemplates preparing a first substrate, preparing a second substrate, forming a first sealant and a second sealant on the second substrate, the first sealant having a height different from a height of the second sealant, injecting a filling material into a space surrounded by the first sealant and the second sealant, adhering the first substrate to the second substrate, and radiating an energy beam onto at least one of the first sealant and the second sealant. 
     The first sealant may be disposed at an inner side of the organic light-emitting display apparatus and contact the filling material, and the second sealant may be disposed at an outer side of the organic light-emitting display apparatus and may not contact the filling material. 
     The energy beam may be radiated only onto the second sealant. 
     Alternatively, another energy beam may be radiated onto the first sealant. In this case, the energy beam radiated onto the second sealant may have an intensity different than an intensity of the energy beam radiated onto the first sealant. More specifically, the energy beam radiated onto the second sealant has a lower intensity than the energy beam radiated onto the first sealant. 
     The first sealant and the second sealant may be disposed to surround a display unit which includes an organic light-emitting diode (OLED). 
     The first sealant and the second sealant may contact each other. 
     The first sealant and the second sealant may be formed by screen printing. 
     The first sealant and the second sealant may be printed onto the second substrate using a mask plate for screen printing. The mask plate may include a first pattern unit for forming the first sealant and a second pattern unit for forming the second sealant. Each one of the first pattern unit and the second unit may include a plurality of pattern holes. The pattern holes in the first pattern unit may have a size different than a size of the pattern holes in the second pattern unit. 
     The first sealant and the second sealant may be simultaneously printed. 
     The first sealant and the second sealant may be frits. 
     A height of the second sealant may be greater than a height of the first sealant. 
     A first width of a first area of contact between the first sealant and the second substrate and a second width of a second area of contact between the second sealant and the second substrate may be different from each other. 
     Or, alternatively, the first width and the second width may be the same 
     A filling material having an elasticity or a viscosity may be injected into a space formed by the first sealant and the second sealant. 
     When the first substrate and the second substrate are adhered to each other, a laser is radiated along a path in which the first sealant and the second sealant are formed. 
     When the first substrate and the second substrate are adhered to each other, after the energy radiation, the heights of the first sealant and the second sealant may become the same. 
     A display unit including an OLED may be formed on in one substrate from among the first substrate and the second substrate, and the first sealant and the second sealant may surround the display unit. 
     According to another aspect of the present invention, an organic light-emitting display apparatus may be constructed with a first substrate including a display unit having an OLED, a second substrate facing and adhered to the first substrate, a first sealant and a second sealant surrounding the display unit and adhering the first substrate to the second substrate, and a filling material included inside a space surrounded by the first sealant and the second sealant. One of the first sealant and the second sealant that contacts the filling material may have a hardening degree lower than that of the sealant that does not contact the filling material. 
     The sealant contacting the filling material may be an unhardened sealant. 
     The first sealant and the second sealant may contact each other. 
     The first sealant and the second sealant may be frits. 
     Heights of the first sealant and the second sealant may be the same. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       A more complete appreciation of the invention, and many of the attendant advantages thereof, will be readily apparent as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference symbols indicate the same or similar components, wherein: 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of an organic light-emitting display apparatus constructed as an embodiment according to the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a detailed cross-sectional view of a display unit of the organic light-emitting display apparatus of  FIG. 1  constructed as an embodiment according to the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second substrate of an organic light-emitting display apparatus manufactured according to a method as an embodiment of the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic plane view illustrating a mask plate for forming first and second sealants on the second substrate of  FIG. 3  according to a method as an embodiment of the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a filling material injected on the second substrate of  FIG. 3  according to a method as an embodiment of the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first substrate coupling to the second substrate of  FIG. 5  according to a method as an embodiment of the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic cross-sectional view of the organic light-emitting display apparatus of  FIG. 6  in a hardening process according to a method as an embodiment of the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 8  is a schematic cross-sectional view of the organic light-emitting display apparatus of  FIG. 7  after the hardening process according to a method as an embodiment of the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting display apparatus in a process of hardening a sealant according to a comparative example; 
         FIG. 10A  is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting display apparatus in a process of hardening a sealant according to another comparative example; and 
         FIG. 10B  is a schematic cross-sectional view of the organic light-emitting display apparatus of  FIG. 10A  after the process of hardening the sealant according to the other comparative example. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     In a flat panel display apparatus, an organic light-emitting layer is disposed between electrodes opposite to each other. Electrons injected from one electrode are coupled with holes injected from the other electrode, and luminescent molecules of the organic light-emitting layer are excited through the coupling. When the excited luminescent molecules return to a ground state, energy is emitted, and the energy is converted into light. 
     Organic light-emitting display apparatuses have advantages, such as high visibility, a light and compact size, and low-voltage driving, and thus, have attracted much attention as display apparatuses of the next-generation. 
     Organic light-emitting display apparatuses may, however, deteriorate due to oxygen and water that permeates from the outside. To solve this problem, recently, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are sealed using an inorganic sealant, such as a frit. In such a frit-sealing structure, a gap between a first substrate and a second sealing substrate is completely sealed by hardening a melted fit, and thus it is not necessary to use an absorbent material, thereby further effectively protecting OLEDs. 
     When an external impact is applied to the frit-sealing structure, however, a stress concentration occurs in a contact surface between a frit and a substrate due to the fragility of the frit material. Thus, a crack is generated in the contact surface and propagates throughout the entire substrate. 
     Now, an exemplary embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of an organic light-emitting display apparatus  100  constructed as an embodiment according to the principles of the present invention, and  FIG. 2  is a detailed cross-sectional view of a display unit D of the organic light-emitting display apparatus  100  of  FIG. 1 , according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 1 and 2 , organic light-emitting display apparatus  100  constructed as the present embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate  110 , a second substrate  120 , a first sealant  150 , a second sealant  160 , and a filling material  170 . 
     Display unit D is formed on first substrate  110  facing second substrate  120 . First sealant  150  and second sealant  160  contact each other and surround display unit D. 
     Display unit D includes a plurality of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs)  140  and a plurality of thin-film transistors (TFTs)  130 , each connected to a respective OLED  140 . An OLED may be classified into a passive matrix (PM) type and an active matrix (AM) type according to whether an OLED is controlled by a TFT or not. The organic light-emitting display apparatus according to the current embodiment may be both the PM and AM types. Hereinafter, an AM type organic light-emitting display apparatus will be described. 
     First substrate  110  and second substrate  120  may be transparent glass substrates formed of SiO 2 . The present invention is, however, not limited thereto. First substrate  110  and second substrate  120  may be various substrates formed of various materials, for example, plastic. 
     A buffer layer  111  may be formed on first substrate  110  so as to flatten first substrate  110  and to prevent impurities from entering first substrate  110 . Buffer layer  111  may be formed of SiO 2  and/or SiNx. 
     An active layer  131  formed of a semiconductor material may be formed on buffer layer  111 . A gate insulating layer  112  is formed on buffer layer  111 . Active layer  131  may be formed of an inorganic semiconductor material, such as amorphous silicon or poly silicon, or an organic semiconductor material. Active layer  131  includes a source region  131   b , a drain region  131   c , and a channel region  131   a  that is formed between source region  131   b  and drain region  131   c.    
     A gate electrode  133  is formed on gate insulating layer  112 . An insulating interlayer  113  is formed to cover gate electrode  133  and gate insulating layer  112 . A source electrode  135  and a drain electrode  136  are formed on insulating interlayer  113 . A passivation layer  114  and a planarization layer  115  are sequentially formed to cover insulating interlayer  113 . 
     Gate insulating layer  112 , insulating interlayer  113 , passivation layer  114 , and planarization layer  115  may be formed of an insulation material, and may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure including an inorganic material, an organic material, or a combination thereof. The stack structure of TFT  130  is only an example, and TFTs having various structures may also be used. 
     A first electrode  141 , which is an anode of OLED  140 , may be formed on planarization layer  115 , and a pixel-defining layer  144  formed of an insulation material may be formed to cover first electrode  141 . A predetermined opening is formed in pixel-defining layer  144 , and then an organic light-emitting layer  142  of OLED  140  is formed in a region defined by the opening. A second electrode  143 , which is a cathode of OLED  140 , is formed to cover all of the pixels. The polarities of first electrode  141  and second electrode  143  may be reversed. 
     First electrode  141  may be a transparent electrode or a reflective electrode. When first electrode  141  is a transparent electrode, first electrode  141  may be formed of ITO, IZO, is ZnO or In 2 O 3 . When first electrode  141  is a reflective electrode, first electrode  141  may include a reflective layer formed of Ag, Mg, Al, Pt, Pd, Au, Ni, Nd, Ir, Cr or a compound thereof and a transparent layer formed of ITO, IZO, ZnO or In 2 O 3 . 
     Second electrode  143  may be a transparent electrode or a reflective electrode. When second electrode  143  is a transparent electrode, second electrode  143  may include a layer formed by depositing Li, Ca, LiF/Ca, LiF/Al, Al, Mg or a compound thereof so as to face organic light-emitting layer  142 , and an auxiliary electrode or a bus electrode line formed of a transparent conductive material such as of ITO, IZO, ZnO or In 2 O 3 . When second electrode  143  is a reflective electrode, second electrode  143  may be formed of Li, Ca, LiF/Ca, LiF/Al, Al, Mg and a compound thereof. 
     Organic light-emitting layer  142  formed between first electrode  141  and second electrode  143  may be formed of a low-molecular weight organic material or a polymer organic material. When organic light-emitting layer  142  is formed of the low-molecular weight organic material, a hole injection layer (HIL) (not shown), a hole transport layer (HTL) (not shown), an electron transport layer (ETL) (not shown), an electron injection layer (EIL) (not shown), etc. may be stacked in a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure by interposing organic light-emitting layer  142  therebetween. Organic light-emitting layer  142  may be formed of various organic materials, for example, copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), N,N′-di(naphthalene-1-yl)-N,N′-diphenyl-benzidine (NPB), tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3), or the like. Organic light-emitting layer  142  may be formed of the low-molecular weight organic material using a vacuum evaporation method using masks. 
     When organic light-emitting layer  142  is formed of the polymer organic material, the HTL may be further included at a side close to the anode. In this instance, the HTL may be formed of polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT), and organic light-emitting layer  142  may be formed of a poly(phenylene vinylene) (PPV)-based polymer organic material or a polyfluorene-based polymer organic material. 
     Although not shown in  FIG. 2 , a spacer (not shown) may be further included on pixel-defining layer  144  to maintain a gap between OLED  140  and second substrate  120 . 
     First sealant  150  and second sealant  160  are formed on a surface of first substrate  110  facing second substrate  120  so as to surround display unit D. That is, first sealant  150  and second sealant  160  surround a space formed between first substrate  110  and second substrate  120 , and display unit D is disposed in the space. As shown in  FIG. 1 , first sealant  150  is disposed in an inner side close to display unit D, and second sealant  160  is disposed in an outer side far from display unit D. An outer circumference of first sealant  150  is surrounded by second sealant  160 . First sealant  150  and second sealant  160  are adhered to each other through first substrate  110  and second substrate  120 , and are used to prevent oxygen and water from entering OLED  140  from the outside. 
     First sealant  150  and second sealant  160  may be formed of an organic material such as epoxy, but may be formed of an inorganic material, such as fit, that does not need to use an additional absorbent material. The fit, for example, a glass material in paste form, is deposited on first substrate  110  and/or second substrate  120  and is melted by using a laser or infrared rays, and then the glass material is hardened, thereby sealing first substrate  110  and second substrate  120 . 
     In this instance, hardening degrees of first sealant  150  and second sealant  160  are different from each other. In detail, the hardening degree of first sealant  150  close to display unit D is less than that of second sealant  160  far from display unit D. After first sealant  150  and second sealant  160  are hardened, the heights of the hardened first sealant  150  and second sealant  160  are the same, as will now be described in detail. 
     In a frit-sealing structure, when an external impact is applied to the frit-sealing structure, a stress concentration occurs in a contact surface between first and second sealants  150  and  160  and first substrate  110  and/or second substrate  120  due to the fragility of the frit material. Thus, a crack is generated in the contact surface and propagates throughout an entire substrate. To prevent the crack generation, filling material  170  is formed in the space surrounded by first and second sealants  150  and  160 . The space is formed when first substrate  110  and second substrate  120  are adhered to each other. As shown in  FIG. 1 , filling material  170  only contacts first sealant  150 , and filling material  170  does not contact second sealant  160 . 
     Filling material  170  is formed of a material having a predetermined elasticity and viscosity. Filling material  170  is filled inside organic light-emitting display apparatus  100 , so that organic light-emitting display apparatus  100  is prevented from being damaged by an external impact. When filling material  170  contacts a sealant, however, a portion of filling material  170  disposed around the sealant may deteriorate at a high temperature due to energy sources, for example, a laser that is used to harden first and second sealants  150  and  160 . The deterioration of tilling material  170  may strain OLED  140 . 
     Accordingly, in organic light-emitting display apparatus  100  constructed as the current embodiment according to the principles of the present invention, the hardening degree of first sealant  150  that contacts filling material  170  and the hardening degree of second sealant  160  that does not contact filling material  170  are different from each other. Preferably, the hardening degree of first sealant  150  that contacts filling material  170  may be lower than that of second sealant  160  that does not contact filling material  170 . More preferably, first sealant  150  that contacts filling material  170  is not hardened, so that filling material  170  that contacts first sealant  150  is prevented from deteriorating at a high temperature. 
     Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting display apparatus, according to an embodiment of the present invention, will be described in detail with reference to  FIGS. 3 through 8 . 
       FIGS. 3 through 8  are schematic cross-sectional views of organic light-emitting display apparatus  100  manufactured according to a method of manufacturing organic light-emitting display apparatus  100  of  FIG. 1 , as an embodiment according to the principles of the present invention. 
       FIG. 3  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second substrate of organic light-emitting display apparatus  100  manufactured according to a method as an embodiment of the principles of the present invention. Referring to  FIG. 3 , second substrate  120  is prepared, and first sealant  150  and second sealant  160  are formed on second substrate  120 . First sealant  150  and second sealant  160  have different heights. 
     First sealant  150  is formed in an inner side of organic light-emitting display apparatus  100 , that is, in a portion close to the center of second substrate  120 . Second sealant  160  is formed in an outer side of organic light-emitting display apparatus  100 , that is, in a portion far from the center of second substrate  120 . First sealant  150  and second sealant  160  contact each other. 
     A height H 1  of first sealant  150  is less that a height H 2  of second sealant  160 . The inequality of height H 1  and height H 2  can be expressed in the following equation,
 
H1&lt;H2  (1)
 
     In the current embodiment, a width W 1  of a first contact area between first sealant  150  and second substrate  120  is less than a width W 2  of a second contact area between second sealant  160  and second substrate  120 ; however the present invention is not limited thereto, and widths W 1  and W 2  may be the same, or width W 1  may be greater than width W 2 . 
     Both first sealant  150  and second sealant  160  may be formed of a frit, that is, an inorganic material and the frit may be formed by screen printing. 
       FIG. 4  is a schematic plane view illustrating a mask plate M for screen printing so as to form first and second sealants  150  and  160  on second substrate  120 , according to a method as an embodiment of the principles of the present invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 4 , mask plate M for screen printing includes a first pattern unit P 1  and a second pattern unit P 2  that directly surrounds first pattern unit P 1 . 
     First pattern unit P 1  and second pattern unit P 2  have different widths W 1  and W 2 . First pattern unit P 1  includes a plurality of pattern holes S 1 , and second pattern unit P 2  includes a plurality of pattern holes S 2 . Pattern holes S 1  have a size different from that of pattern holes S 2 . In  FIG. 4 , first pattern unit P 1  and second pattern unit P 2  are patterned in a mesh pattern. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and thus, first pattern unit P 1  and second pattern unit P 2  may be patterned in various patterns. 
     When a bottom surface of mask plate M contacts second substrate  120 , a squeezer (not shown) for squeezing a frit in a past form is shifted on a top surface of mask plate M. As a result, the frit in the paste form is printed on second substrate  120 . In this case, first sealant  150  and second sealant  160  are simultaneously formed. 
     In this instance, heights of first and second sealants  150  and  160  formed on second substrate  120  are different according to widths W 1  and W 2  and pattern holes S 1  and S 2  of mask plate M. That is, second sealant  160  that is printed along second pattern unit P 2  having a wider pattern width and size is formed to be higher than first sealant  150  that is printed along first pattern unit P 1 . The heights of first sealant  150  and second sealant  160  may be controlled by changing the shapes and sizes of first and second pattern holes S 1  and S 2  of first and second pattern units P 1  and P 2  formed on mask plate M. 
       FIG. 5  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a filling material injected on second substrate  120  according to a method as an embodiment of the principles of the present invention. Referring to  FIG. 5 , a filling material  170  is injected onto second substrate  120  on which first and second sealants  150  and  160  are formed. Filling material  170  having predetermined elasticity and viscosity is filled inside the organic light-emitting display apparatus  100 , so that organic light-emitting display apparatus  100  is prevented from being damaged by an external impact. 
       FIG. 6  is a schematic cross-sectional view of first substrate  110  coupling to second substrate  120  according to a method as an embodiment of the principles of the present invention. Referring to  FIG. 6 , first substrate  110  including display unit D including an OLED  140  is aligned with and adhered to second substrate  120 . In this instance, first substrate  110  and second substrate  120  may be adhered to each other through vacuum adhesion. In the current embodiment, display unit D is formed on first substrate  110 , and first and second sealants  150  and  160  are formed on second substrate  120 . The present invention is not, however, limited thereto. For example, first and second sealants  150  and  160  may be directly formed on first substrate  110  including display unit D. 
       FIG. 7  is a schematic cross-sectional view of organic light-emitting display apparatus  100  in a hardening process according to a method as an embodiment of the principles of the present invention. Referring to  FIG. 7 , after first substrate  110  and second substrate  120  are adhered to each other, a laser beam that generates energy E 1  having a predetermined intensity is radiated on second sealant  160  to harden second sealant  160  that does not contact filling material  170  and not harden first sealant  150  that contacts filling material  170 . That is, the laser beam that generates energy E 1  is radiated along a path in which second sealant  160  is formed. In this instance, a hardening condition, such as a hardening time, is determined such that height H 2  of second sealant  160  and height H 1  of first sealant  150  may be the same after the hardening process. 
       FIG. 8  is a schematic cross-sectional view of organic light-emitting display apparatus  100  after the hardening process according to a method as an embodiment of the principles of the present invention. Referring to  FIG. 8 , after the aforementioned hardening process, second sealant  160  contracts to have a height H 2 ′ the same as height H 1  of first sealant  150 . The relationship between height H 1  and height H 2  can be expressed in the following equation,
 
H1=H2  (2)
 
     Also, since a laser beam is not radiated on first sealant  150  that contacts filling material  170 , filling material  170  may be prevented from deteriorating due to a high temperature laser. 
       FIG. 9  is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting display apparatus in a process of hardening a sealant according to a comparative example. Referring to  FIG. 9 , organic light-emitting display apparatus  200  according to the comparative example includes a first substrate  210 , a second substrate  220 , a sealant  250 , and a display unit D. A single sealant  250  is formed between first substrate  210  and second substrate  220  and surrounds display unit D. A filling material  270  is filled inside a space surrounded by sealant  250 . When a laser beam that generates energy E 2  having a predetermined intensity is radiated on sealant  250  to harden sealant  250 , a portion  270 ′ of filling material  270  that contacts sealant  250  may undesirably deteriorate due to a high temperature laser beam. The deterioration of filling material  270 ′ strains an OLED, thereby deteriorating the performance of organic light-emitting display apparatus  200 . 
       FIG. 10A  is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting display apparatus in a process of hardening a sealant according to another comparative example. Referring to  FIG. 10A , an organic light-emitting display apparatus  300  according to the comparative example includes a first substrate  310 , a second substrate  320 , a sealant  350 , and a display unit D. Sealant  350  is formed between first substrate  310  and second substrate  320  and surrounds display unit D. A filling material  370  is filled inside sealant  350 . When entire sealant  350  is hardened, filling material  370  adjacent to sealant  350  may deteriorate. Accordingly, in the current comparative example, a laser beam that generates energy E 3  having a predetermined intensity is radiated only on an outer portion  350 ′ of sealant  350  that does not contact filling material  370  due to the interposition of the inner volume of sealant  350  between outer portion  350 ′ and filling material  370 . 
       FIG. 10B  is a schematic cross-sectional view of the organic light-emitting display apparatus of  FIG. 10A  after the process of hardening the sealant according to the other comparative example. Referring to  FIG. 10B , outer portion  350 ′ of sealant  350  on which laser beam E 3  is radiated contracts, thereby resulting in a height difference Ah between outer portion  350 ′ and inner portion  350 ″ of sealant  350  that contacts filling material  370 . When the height of sealant  350  is not constant, a gap may exist between sealant  350  and first and second substrates  310  and  320 . Thus, oxygen and water may enter an OLED through the gap from the outside, thereby resulting in low performance of the OLED. 
     Accordingly, when organic light-emitting display apparatuses  200  and  300  according to the aforementioned comparative examples are compared with organic light-emitting display apparatus  100  according to the current embodiment, the heights of first sealant  150  and second sealant  160  are different from each other, and of first and second sealants  150  and  160 , only second sealant  160  that does not contact filling material  170  is hardened using a laser beam, so that filling material  170  may be prevented from deteriorating due to a high temperature laser. 
     Meanwhile, in the embodiments described with respect to  FIGS. 1-8 , to harden the sealant, a laser beam is radiated only on second sealant  160  and is not radiated on first sealant  150 . But, this is just an example, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, if a hardening process applies energy that does not strain filling material  170 , the hardening process may be performed by applying a predetermined energy to first sealant  150  that contacts filling material  170 . In this instance, in consideration of the amount of contraction of first sealant  150 , a hardening condition, such as a hardening time, should be controlled so that heights of first sealant  150  and second sealant  160  after the hardening become the same. 
     As described above, in a method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting display apparatus, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a sealant which contacts a filling material is not hardened or is hardened with a low energy, and thus deterioration of the filling material due to a high temperature hardening is prevented, thereby preventing an OLED from being strained. 
     According to embodiments of the present invention, an organic light-emitting display apparatus prevents hardening of a filling material that contacts a frit, and thus the intensity of the organic light-emitting display apparatus is increased, thereby preventing an OLED from deteriorating. 
     While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.