Abstract:
The invention concerns a device for trim patterning furs with a group of knife blades, arranged at equal intervals next to each other and aligned parallel to each other, whose cuts run acute-angled to the leather back side of the material surface, with a convex slot plate opposite the material surface displaying a pass-through slot for each knife blade, and with an adjustment arrangement for establishing a desired projecting length for the knife blades above the convex side of the slot plate.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Already known from French Pat. No. 863,760, is a device of the type mentioned which is intended for fixed installation and displaying polygon or star-shaped knives supported on a shaft, with puncturing blades distributed evenly over the circumference, wherein the blade group is adjustable in height relative to the fixed slot plate by means of two vertical threaded spindles arranged at either side of the slot plate. With this, however, after each adjustment in height of the blade group, the parallelism between the blade group and slot plate must again be re-established because the settings of both threaded spindles are synchronized to each other. This represents a time consuming process such that the device, as is already apparent from its fixed construction, is more aptly suited to processing plants that process larger lots of similar type fur. Moreover, the known type device is more aptly suited for cutting up furs into parallel strips, less favorable, however, for introducing trim patterning slits because, with rotating polygon or star-shaped knife blades only puncture cuts are possible which, perforce, lead to damaging of the thick underlying wool and whereby whole tufts of hair can fall out. Nor can this be prevented by any precise determination of a desired projecting length for the knife blades above the convex side of the slot plate. 
     Lightweight devices, in the form of manually operated tools for cutting up a fur into parallel strips, are already known from German Pat. No. 907,211. One such kind of tool includes a group of circular knife blades whose positioning in height is adjustable relative to a front and rear holddown roller for the back side of the fur, and which are parallel to the group of knife blades. However, a tool of this type is not suitable for trim patterning, even if we were to substitute for the circular knife blades, knife blades that are polygon or star-shaped, somewhat like the kind in French Pat. No. 863,760, since, in this manner, only puncture cuts could, perforce, be generated. 
     Known from U.S. Pat. No. 2,464,206 is a device in the form of a manually operated tool that includes a group of draw-knife blades arranged at equal intervals next to each other and aligned parallel to each other, along with a handle, so that, when trim patterning, several series of cuts can be made simultaneously in the back side of the fur. The depth of penetration of the knife when working with the tool is, however, not established by the device and depends solely upon the handling by the operator so that guidance of the tool, similarly as in the case of the likewise known trim patterning knife with only one knife blade, requires considerable experience in order to execute trouble-free draw cuts without damaging the underlying wool of the fur. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The task set forth for the invention is to obtain a device that is in the form of a light weight hand operated tool suitable for carrying out draw cuts for trim patterning furs, with which it is possible to obtain a parallelism between the groups of knife blades and the slot plate without the need for a two-side adjustment and, thereby, a rapid conversion for trim patterning of different kinds of furs. This is achieved in that the knife blades that are structured, in a manner known per se, as draw-knife blades are arranged on a mounting plate provided with a hand grip, that the slot plate is firmly attached, at an extension piece turned away from the draw-knife blades, to a corresponding extension piece of the mounting plate, and that the spread interval between the free, draw-knife side sections of the mounting and slot plates is adjustable through means of the positioning arrangement. 
     By joining the extension piece of the slot plate to the corresponding extension piece of the mounting plate, an automatic parallel guidance of both plates, at any spread interval, is achieved and, along with this, also the desired parallelism between the straight lines joining the tips of the knife blades, relative to the surface of the slot plate. This also makes possible an overall simple and weight saving construction of the tool. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The invention is explained in more detail in the following and with reference to the sketches. They show: 
     FIG. 1 an example of embodiment of a device in accordance with the invention, structured as a work tool, in a side view as well as in a partially broken out representation, where a number of the draw-knives contained within the tool are brought out into a non-operating position; 
     FIG. 2, the same tool as in FIG. 1 in the same representation, where, however, the draw-knives are positioned at the maximum depth of penetration in the material surface; 
     FIG. 3, the tool of FIGS. 1 and 2 in the same representation, in partial view, however, where the draw-knife blades are set at an optimum depth of penetration in the material surface; 
     FIG. 4, a view along the line IV--IV of FIG. 1 but in greatly magnified, broken partial representation; 
     FIG. 5, the tool of FIGS. 1-4 in an overall perspective view seen sidewardly from the top; 
     FIG. 6, the working method of the draw-knives contained in the device that is in accord with FIGS. 1-5 on the surface of the work piece, in a representation that is greatly enlarged relative to FIGS. 1-5, corresponding somewhat to a view along line VI--VI of FIG. 4; 
     FIG. 7, an example of embodiment for a clamping arrangement for furs and to be used in conjunction with the tool of FIGS. 1-5, in side view as well as in the unclamped, open position; and 
     FIG. 8, a cut along line VIII--VIII of FIG. 7. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     The tool illustrated in FIGS. 1-5 includes a cutter-holder support 1 for a number of draw-knife blades 2a, 2b, where, in the side views in accordance with FIGS. 1-3, only one each of several draw-knife blades 2a and one each of several draw-knife blades 2b are illustrated. The draw-knife blades 2a on the one hand, and 2b on the other hand, are, as illustrated, arranged in two rows of knives located one behind the other and extending perpendicularly to the direction of drawing (corresponding to the direction of an arrow P 1 of FIG. 1). Within each row of knives, the draw-knife blades 2a and/or 2b display the same interval next to each other and are anchored within cutter-holder support 1 in a parallel orientation, as is best seen from FIG. 1. The two rows of draw-knives 2a, 2b display a sideward offset to each other corresponding to one-half the interval of two draw-knives 2a and/or 2b within each row of knives, which is, likewise, best obtained from FIG. 4. The interval between the two rows of knives of draw-knives 2a, 2b is, in the direction of drawing (arrow P 1 of FIG. 1), relative to the blade tips, is approximately half as great as the length of the trim patterning slits which are to be made in the surface of a material. 
     The cutter-holder support 1 displays a shape approaching that of a square building block, in the present example the shape of a parallelepipedon, and lies against a mounting plate 3. The mounting plate 3 displays an extension piece 3a that is turned away from the cutter-holder support 1, on which is mounted a hand grip 4 running approximately perpendicularly to the surface of the extension. 
     Associated with both rows of knives, the rows being made up of draw-knife blades 2a, 2b, and running perpendicularly to the planes of the knives as well as base cutter-holder support 1, is a sole or slot plate 5 that is slightly arched convexly to the material (surface of the work) and to be brought into contact with the material surface. The width of plate 5 corresponds to at least the interval between the two outermost draw-knife blades 2a, 2b that are contained within the two rows of knives. Provided within sole plate 5 for each draw-knife blade 2a, 2b is an associated pass-through slot and, indeed, as can be best obtained from FIG. 4, in the form of comblike cutouts 6a, 6b, wherein the cutouts 6a associated to draw-knife blades 2a are shorter than the cutouts 6b that are associated with the draw-knife blades 2b. On one end that is turned away from cutter-holder support 1, sole plate 5 displays an extension piece 5a that runs convergently to the corresponding extension piece of mounting plate 3, whereby the two extension pieces 3a, 5a are firmly joined at their contacting area and, indeed, in the case of the example of embodiment shown, through means of a pair of tabs 7, structured as a single piece with extension piece 5a of sole plate 5, and gripping about the extension piece 3a of mounting plate 3. The sole plate 5 along with its extension piece 5a are constructed to be springy and are biased against mounting plate 3. 
     Viewing from the direction of FIGS. 1 and 2, the sole plate 5 with its tabs 7 is pushed on from right to left onto the extension piece 3a of mounting plate 3. In order to obtain a firmly seated but simultaneously removable and replaceable connection, extension piece 3a of the mounting plate is structured toward the end, in the area of tabs 7, to be somewhat tapered so that there results a wedge type meshing between the two extension pieces 3a, 5a. This makes possible the use of sole plates 5, having different intervals and cutouts 6a, 6b, in conjunction with associated, replaceable cutter-holder supports 1, so that the intervals between the trim patterning slits can be changed according to the type of fur to be processed. 
     In the region between cutter-holder support 1, as well as the contact area of the extension pieces 3a, 5a of mounting plate 3 and sole plate 5, respectively, a spring tongue 8 is fastened to the mounting plate 3 and/or its extension piece 3a, by means of pins 9a which, at its free end, is structured to accept cutter-holder support 1 and is tension biased against mounting plate 3. For this purpose, as can best be obtained from FIG. 4, the free end of spring tongue 8 is structured as a fork with two tines 8a, 8b which can be pushed, one each, into a side take-up slot 9 of cutter-holder support 1. The mounting plate 3 displays, in the direction opposite to that of drawing (arrow P 1 of FIG. 1), a stop 10 in the form of a bent-over corner for cutter-holder support 1 so that this latter is immovably lodged. 
     Between mounting plate 3 and/or its extension 3a, as well as between sole plate 5 and/or its extension 5a, in the area between the cutter-holder support as well as between the contact area of the extension pieces 3a, 5a, there is provided an adjustable spreader member 11 for establishing the mutually opposite interval of the mounting plate 3 and of sole plate 5. The spreader member 11 displays, to either side, an attached lever arm 11a, 11b, wherein these two lever arms are connected together at their free ends through a cross-bar 12. On the upper surface of mounting plate 3 that is turned away from cutter-holder support 1, there is an adjusting screw 14 extending vertically upwardly which accepts a knurled nut 15. The knurled nut 15, over a portion of its circumference, lies on cross-bar 12. 
     With the knurled nut turned all the way toward the top, as is obtained from FIG. 2, the sole plate 5 overcomes its pre-stress bias next to the mounting plate 3 so that the draw-knife blades 2a, 2b extend as far as possible past the lower surface of sole plate 5. If, in contrast to this, the knurled nut 15 is turned as far as possible toward the bottom, then a downwardly directed force is exerted on cross-bar 12 which causes an acuteangled swiveling of spreader member 11 relative to sole plate 5 and/or relative to the extension piece 3a of mounting plate 3, via lever arm 11a, 11b, wherewith sole plate 5 moves away relative to mounting plate 3 so that the draw-knife blades 2a, 2b can no longer extend through the comb-like cutouts 6a, 6b of sole plate 5. Normally, for the purpose of adapting to the material surface to be processed, an intermediate position is selected for knurled nut 15, in which position the sole plate 5 of mounting plate 3 displays a mid-interval, as is illustrated in FIG. 3, whereby the cutting edges of the draw-knife blades 2a, 2b extend at an acute-angle to the material surface and extend past the lower surface of sole plate 5 by some predetermined interval. The adjustment of knurled nut 15, as represented in FIG. 1, is done with the tool not operating in order to prevent damages as much as possible. 
     The depth of penetration of the draw-knife blades into the material surface to be processed is of special importance for the trim patterning process, where care is to be taken that in setting the tool down against the material surface to be processed, in the present case, therefore, sole plate 5, the leather back side is not penetrated. This correct adjustment position, which corresponds somewhat to that of FIG. 3, is represented with the aid of a fur 16 with fur tufts 17 and a layer of leather 18. The draw-knife blades 2a, 2b bow the layer of leather 18 and/or leather back side slightly downwardly while, between draw-knife blades 2a, 2b the back side of the leather lies against sole plate 5. Cutting into the layer of leather 18 occurs only with movement of the tool in the drawing direction, in accordance with arrow P 1 of FIG. 1, without, however, damaging the underlying wool of fur 16. 
     In order to obtain a trouble-free placement of sole plate 5 over the entire width of cutter-holder support 1 and against the back side leather, it is preferable if the fur that is to be trim patterned can be clamped with the leather back side arched upwardly, since it is only in this manner that there is a guarantee that all of the knives cut in to the same depth in the back side of the fur. 
     A device that is favorable for this purpose is illustrated in FIGS. 7, 8 and includes a pair of clamping jaws n1, n2 that are approximately as wide as a fur 16 that is to be trim patterned (represented in FIG. 7 by dash-dot lines and interrupted), wherein the jaw n2, which is associated to the fur side, is structured convexly while jaw n1, which is associated to the leather back side, is structured concavely. The convex jaw n2 is set solidly on the lower horizontal side 19 of a U-like, upright frame 20, whose upper, horizontally running side 23 supports a pivot lever 21 with a feed roller 22 on its free end. 
     The two sides 19, 23 are connected together through two parallel running intermediate bars 24a, 24b, on which is linked a pivoting arm 25 through means of a pin 26. On its one side opposite the convex jaw n2, pivot arm 25 accepts, rigidly attached, concave jaw n1, while a biasing pressure spring 27 reacts on the other end of the pivot arm, which buttresses against an extension of the upper side 23 and seeks to move the concave jaw n1 away from the convex n2. By pivoting of pivot lever 21 in the direction of an arrow P2, pivot arm 25 along with concave jaw n1 can be moved against the convex jaw n2 via feed roller 22 which abuts against a leaf spring 28 on the upper side of pivot arm 25, whereby a fur 16 that is to be processed can be clamped between the two jaws n1, n2. 
     The lower side 19 of frame 20, in the example of embodiment shown, is structured as a square pipe and serves as a guide for a square pipe 29 of small cross-sectional dimensions, which accepts, firmly attached at its one end, a support chock u that is adapted somewhat, in its shape, to the convex jaw n2 associated to the side of the fur and directed against it. The required, adjusted interval between the support chock u and the jaw n2 can be locked by means of a locking screw 30 and is governed by the size of the work piece to be processed. Frame 20 can be fastened to a base plate 32 (represented by dash-dot lines) through means of a base ring 31. 
     In working with the clamping arrangement of FIGS. 7, 8, the one edge of the fur to be processed is laid on the convex jaw n2 and clamped in by swiveling the pivot lever 21 through means of jaw n1. Then, after loosening locking screw 30, depending upon the length of the fur 16, the square pipe 29 with support chock u is moved far enough away from jaws n1, n2 as to make the surface of the leather back side that is to be processed accessible to the tool that is in accordance with FIGS. 1-5. Next, locking screw 30 is again tightened. Next, for trim patterning, the fur 16 can be stretched over the support chock u, either manually or with the aid of a firmly clamped weight.