Abstract:
In a stationary member adapted to be electrically connected with at least one connecting member, a first connecting member is attached to a first connecting part. A cover member is slidable between a first position to lock the first connecting member at the first connecting part and a second position to enable an attachment of the first connecting member to the first connecting part. The cover member is provided with a first engagement member. A second engagement member engages with the first engagement member in a case where the cover member is located at the first position.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    The present invention relates to a connecting structure of connectors which can connect the connector, particularly the connector which is electrically connected to a specified electrical component such as an air back, with relatively higher reliability of electrical connection.  
           [0002]    In an automobile, for example, there are provided a number of electrical components. Almost all these electrical components are connected to a power supply by way of electric wires such as wire harnesses. The electric wires are electrically connected to connectors which are provided on a stationary member such as an electrical junction box including a junction block, relay block, connector block and so on, and an instrument panel.  
           [0003]    Among these connectors, there are some connectors in which reliability of the electrical connection is particularly severely requested depending on the electrical components to be electrically connected. Specifically, there are some specified electrical components such as an electronically controlled fuel injection device, an airbag, for example, which require more strict management than other electrical components from a viewpoint of safety. These apparatuses must be managed so as to be free from malfunction, and so, in the connector to be electrically connected to the air bag (an airbag connector), for example, reliability of electrical connection is particularly severely requested.  
           [0004]    For this reason, it has been proposed that the specified connectors such as the airbag connector are provided with connector covers, so that these connectors may not be disconnected when they are once engaged and connected with the connectors of the electrical junction box or the instrument panel.  
           [0005]    More specifically, after the airbag connector has been engaged and connected with the connector of the electrical junction box (a connector for airbag), the connector cover is provided so as to cover substantially the whole body of the airbag connector, so that the electrical connection between the airbag connector and the connector for airbag cannot be released unless this connector cover is removed. In this manner, the reliability of the electrical connection of the airbag connector will be enhanced.  
           [0006]    Although the reliability of the electrical connection of the airbag connector can be enhanced by providing the connector cover in this manner, the connector cover becomes inevitably large, because it must be covered over and fitted to the airbag connector.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0007]    It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a connecting structure of connectors in which a connector cover can be made compact.  
           [0008]    In order to achieve the above object, according to the invention, there is provided a stationary member, adapted to be electrically connected with at least one connecting member, comprising:  
           [0009]    a first connecting part, to which a first connecting member is attached;  
           [0010]    a cover member, slidable between a first position to lock the first connecting member at the first connecting part and a second position to enable an attachment of the first connecting member to the first connecting part, the cover member provided with a first engagement member; and  
           [0011]    a second engagement member, which engages with the first engagement member in a case where the cover member is located at the first position.  
           [0012]    In such a configuration, by sliding the cover member to the first position, after the first connecting member has been connected to the first connecting part in a state where the cover member is positioned in the second position, the first engagement member of the cover member is engaged with the second engagement member of the stationary member thereby to lock the cover member, and at the same time, the cover member is engaged with the first connecting member thereby to prevent disconnection of the first connecting member. Since the disconnection of the first connecting member is prevented by merely sliding the cover member, the cover member can be made compact.  
           [0013]    Preferably, the stationary member further comprises a second connecting part, to which a second connecting member is attached. Here, an attachment of the second connecting member is disabled by the cover member located at the second position.  
           [0014]    In such a configuration, because the second connecting member cannot be attached to the second connecting part when the cover member is positioned in the second position, connection of the first connecting member must be first performed. Therefore, connection of the first connecting member to the first connecting part can be reliably performed without fail.  
           [0015]    Here, it is preferable that the cover member serves as a partition between the first connecting part and the second connecting part, in the case where the cover member is located at the first position.  
           [0016]    In such a configuration, the second connecting member can be reliably mounted to the second connecting part.  
           [0017]    It is also preferable that the attachment of the second connecting member to the second connecting part is enabled only in the case where the cover member is located at the first position.  
           [0018]    In such a configuration, the second connecting member cannot be mounted to the second connecting part, unless the cover member is slid to move to the first position after the first connecting member has been connected to the fixed connecting part. Therefore, connection of the first connecting member to the first connecting part can be more reliably performed.  
           [0019]    It is also preferable that the first connecting part and the second connecting part have an identical configuration.  
           [0020]    In such a configuration, sliding structure of the cover member can be easily designed.  
           [0021]    Preferably, the stationary member further comprises a third engagement member, which engages with the first engagement member in a case where the cover member is located at the second position.  
           [0022]    In such a configuration, when the first connecting member is to be connected to the first connecting part, the cover member can be locked into the second position. Therefore, connection of the first connecting member can be performed without interference with the cover member.  
           [0023]    Preferably, the first connecting member is electrically connected with an automotive electrical equipment which requires relatively strict management in view of safety.  
           [0024]    In such a configuration, even the first connecting member whose reliability of electrical connection is particularly severely requested can be connected to the first connecting part with high reliability of electrical connection, and high industrial value can be attained.  
           [0025]    Here, it is preferable that the automotive electrical equipment is an air bag or an electronically controlled fuel injection device. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0026]    The above objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail preferred exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:  
         [0027]    [0027]FIG. 1 is a front view showing a connecting structure of connectors according to one embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0028]    [0028]FIG. 2 is a side view showing the connecting structure;  
         [0029]    [0029]FIG. 3 is a front view showing a connector cover in the connecting structure;  
         [0030]    [0030]FIG. 4 is a side view showing the connector cover; and  
         [0031]    [0031]FIG. 5 is a rear view showing the connector cover.  
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0032]    Now, one embodiment of the invention will be described referring to the accompanying drawings.  
         [0033]    [0033]FIGS. 1 and 2 show a connecting structure of connectors according to the invention. In this figures, a stationary member  1  is an electrical junction box such as a junction block, relay block, connector block, ECU BOX, protector, and so on, or an instrument panel. In this embodiment, description will be made referring to a case in which the electrical junction box is employed as the stationary member.  
         [0034]    The electrical junction box  1  is formed in a shape of a substantially rectangular box, and fixed on an instrument panel, for example, by way of a bracket or the like. In the electrical junction box  1 , there is provided an assembly (not shown) of flat circuit bodies including a plurality of flat circuit bodies stacked on one another, each of the flat circuit bodies having a plurality of electric wires.  
         [0035]    Two female type connectors  2 ,  3  are juxtaposed on one side face of the electrical junction box  1 . These female type connectors  2 ,  3  respectively include fitting recesses  4 ,  5  having a substantially rectangular cross section with which male type connectors attached to ends of electric wires such as wire harnesses, for example, can be fitted. These female type connectors  2 ,  3  are juxtaposed on a center line extending along a longitudinal direction of the electrical junction box  1 . A plurality of terminals  6  are provided in a projecting manner in the fitting recesses  4 ,  5 . The terminals  6  in the female type connectors  2 ,  3  are respectively arranged in two rows along the longitudinal direction of the female type connectors  2 ,  3 . These terminals  6  are electrically connected respectively to desired electric wires of the assembly of the flat circuit bodies, by a press-fitting manner, for example.  
         [0036]    One of the female type connectors is a connector  2  with which a specified connector  8  attached to an end of a wire harness  7 , for example, electrically connected to a specified electrical component is adapted to be engaged and connected. The other female type connector  3  is a connector (not shown), that is, another component attached to an end of a wire harness, for example, electrically connected to another electrical component which is not the specified electrical component is adapted to be engaged and connected.  
         [0037]    The specified electrical component means the electrical component which requires more strict management than other electrical components from a viewpoint of safety, and includes an electronically controlled fuel injection apparatus, airbag, etc. for example. These apparatuses must be managed so as to be free from malfunction, and so, as for the specified connector (airbag connector)  8  adapted to be electrically connected to the airbag, for example, reliability of electrical connection is particularly severely requested.  
         [0038]    The electrical junction box  1  is provided with a cover mounting part  10  for slidably mounting a connector cover  9 .  
         [0039]    The cover mounting part  10  is provided on both side areas forming the connector parts  2 ,  3  extending from a substantially middle part of the connector part  3 . Specifically, the cover mounting part  10  consists of a first mounting part  11  which is dented from a surface  1   a  of the electrical junction box  1 , and a second mounting part  13  which is a recess  12  cut out from an area of the electrical junction box  1  opposed to the first mounting part  11  while interposing the connector parts  2 ,  3 .  
         [0040]    In the first and second mounting parts  11 ,  13 , guide rails  14  extending in a longitudinal direction of the connector part  3  are respectively provided. The connector cover  9  is adapted to be supported (mounted) by these guide rails  14  in such a manner that the connector cover  9  can slidably move between a locked position and an unlocked position. The locked position is a position in which the connector cover  9  is engaged with the specified connector  8  which has been engaged and connected with the connector part  2  in order to prevent the specified connector  8  from disconnecting therefrom. The unlocked position is a position in which connection of the specified connector  8  to the connector part  2  can be performed, and more preferably, the position in which connection of another connector to the connector part  3  cannot be performed.  
         [0041]    As shown in the accompanying drawings, the connector cover  9  is formed substantially in a shape of a gate so as to bridge across the connector part  3 . Specifically, the connector cover  9  includes a cover portion  15  positioned substantially in parallel to one side face of the electrical junction box  1 , and a pair of leg portions  16 ,  17  which are integrally formed with both ends of the cover portion  15  and adapted to be slidably engaged with the guide rails  14 .  
         [0042]    A pair of the leg portions  16 ,  17  are formed in a shape of flat plate extending substantially in parallel to the first and second mounting parts  11 ,  13 . Height of the leg portions  16 ,  17  are arbitrarily selected within a range in which the cover portion  15  can be positioned on the connector part  3 .  
         [0043]    The leg portions  16 ,  17  are formed substantially in an L-shape, consisting of vertical portions  16   a ,  17   a  which extend from both ends of the cover portion  15  in a direction substantially perpendicular to the cover portion  15 , and horizontal portions  16   b ,  17   b  which further extend from lower end (the right side in FIGS. 2 and 4) of the vertical portions  16   a ,  17   a  in a further perpendicular direction.  
         [0044]    A pair of the leg portions  16 ,  17  respectively have, on their opposed faces at distal ends thereof, slide fitting recesses  18  which are formed to be dented and open in a direction opposed to each other for engagement with the guide rails  14 .  
         [0045]    The cover portion  15  is formed substantially in an L-shape in cross section, consisting of: a first flat plate portion  15   a  which extends in a direction substantially perpendicular to the vertical portion  16   a ,  17   a  (the longitudinal direction of the connector part  3 ) having a same width as that of the upper ends (the left side in FIGS. 2 and 4) of the vertical portions  16   a ,  17   a  of the leg portions  16 ,  17 ; and a second flat plate portion  15   b  which is integrally and perpendicularly attached to a side of the first flat plate portion  15   a  from which the horizontal portions  16   b ,  17   b  are extended. The second flat plate portion  15   b  is also integrally attached to the horizontal portions  16   b ,  17   b.    
         [0046]    The second flat plate portion  15   b  is provided, in a substantially middle part of its one end at an opposite side to the first flat plate portion  15   a , with a projected part  19  which is adapted to be positioned between the two rows of the terminals  6  of the connector part  3 .  
         [0047]    Moreover, at both sides of the second flat plate portion  15   b  adjacent to both side end parts of the first flat plate portion  15   a , there are respectively provided disconnection stoppers  20  which extend along the first flat plate portion  15   a.    
         [0048]    The disconnection stoppers  20  serve to prevent the specified connector  8  from disconnecting from the connector part  2  by being engaged with the specified connector  8 , when the connector cover  9  is slid from the unlocked position to the locked position after the specified connector  8  has been engaged and connected with the connector part  2 . The disconnection stoppers  20  may be formed in any manner, provided that it can prevent disconnection of the specified connector  8  from the connector part  2 . For example, the disconnection stoppers  20  may be provided substantially over almost all area of the second flat plate portion  15   b  adjacent to the side ends of the first flat plate portion  15   a . Further, the disconnection stoppers  20  can be formed in any shape such as a circle, ellipse, polygon, and is formed in a substantially rectangular shape in section, in the illustrated example. The disconnection stoppers  20  are preferably formed in such a manner that they can be engaged with the specified connector  8  only in a state where the specified connector  8  has been completely engaged with the connector part  2 .  
         [0049]    The connector cover  9  is provided with a cover locking part  21  for locking the connector cover  9  in the locked position and the unlocked position of the electrical junction box  1 .  
         [0050]    The cover locking part  21  is, for example, a locking frame provided on an end face (a face of an opposite end to the vertical portion) of the horizontal portion  16   b  of the leg portion  16  at the side of the first mounting part  11 . The locking frame  21  is formed in a substantially rectangular shape having substantially the same size as the horizontal portion  16   b  of the leg portion  16 . This locking frame  21  consists of: a base part  22  in a substantially rectangular shape extending entirely along the horizontal portion  16   b  (between ends  16   c ,  16   d ) and adapted to slide on a surface of the first mounting part  11 ; and a frame part  23  which extends in a C-shape from both ends of the base part  22  adjacent to the end  16   d.    
         [0051]    Although the locking frame  21  is provided only in the leg portion  16  at the side of the first mounting part  11 , it may be provided also in the remaining leg portion  17  at the side of the second mounting part  13 , or may be provided only in the leg portion  17  at the side of the second mounting part  13 .  
         [0052]    The first mounting part  11  is provided with a plenary locking part  24  and a provisional locking part  25  adapted to be engaged with the locking frame  21 .  
         [0053]    The plenary locking part includes a plenary locking projection  24  which projects into a place of the first mounting part  11  in which the frame part  23  of the locking frame  21  is positioned when the connector cover  9  has been positioned in the locked position, for example. The plenary locking projection  24  may be formed in any shape, provided that it can be engaged with the locking frame  21  to lock the connector cover  9 , and may be formed in a rectangular shape, for example.  
         [0054]    The plenary locking projection  24  is formed to have such a height that the frame part  23  of the locking frame  21  can ride over the plenary locking projection  24  when the connector cover  9  is slid to the locked position.  
         [0055]    Moreover, a face  24   a  of the plenary locking projection  24  at the side of the unlocked position (the face to which the frame part  23  first comes into contact) is preferably formed in a sloped face whose height is gradually reduced toward the connector part  3  along a moving direction of the connector cover  9 . A face  24   b  of the plenary locking projection  24  at the opposite side to the first face  24   a  is preferably formed as a vertical plane substantially perpendicular to the first mounting part  11 .  
         [0056]    A provisional locking projection  25  projects into a place of the first mounting part  11  in which the frame part  23  of the locking frame  21  is positioned when the connector cover  9  has been positioned in the unlocked position, for example. The provisional locking projection  25  may be formed in any shape, provided that it can be engaged with the locking frame  21  to lock the connector cover  9 , and may be formed in a rectangular shape, for example.  
         [0057]    The provisional locking projection  25  is formed to have such a height that the base part  22  of the locking frame  21  can ride over the provisional locking projection  25  when the connector cover  9  is slid to the unlocked position.  
         [0058]    Moreover, both faces  25   a ,  25   b  of the provisional locking projection  25  in the direction of sliding movement of the connector cover  9  are preferably formed as sloped faces.  
         [0059]    The first mounting part  11  is further provided with a stopper  26  which comes into contact with an end of the base part  22  of the locking frame  21  in order to prevent the connector cover  9  from moving from the locked position to the unlocked position, when the connector cover  9  has been positioned in the unlocked position.  
         [0060]    Now, in order that the specified connector  8  may be engaged and connected with the connector part  2  of this electrical junction box  1 , the connector cover  9  is kept in the unlocked position. In this state, a distal end portion of the specified connector  8  is aligned with the fitting recess  4  of the connector part  2 , and the specified connector  8  is inserted into the fitting recess  4 . In this manner, the specified connector  8  is engaged with the connector part  2  to be electrically connected. On this occasion, the specified connector  8  can be connected with the connector part  2  without interference with the connector cover  9 , because the locking frame  21  is engaged with the provisional locking projection  25  to maintain the connector cover  9  in the unlocked position.  
         [0061]    Then, the connector cover  9  is slid to move from the unlocked position to the locked position. When the connector cover  9  has been positioned in the locked position, the connector cover  9  is engaged with a part of the specified connector  8  which has been engaged and connected with the connector part  2  so as to prevent disconnection of the specified connector  8  from the connector part  2 . The locking frame  21  of the connector cover  9  is also engaged with the plenary locking projection  24  to lock the connector cover  9  in the locked position. On this occasion, because the connector cover  9  which has been engaged with the plenary locking projection  24  can hardly move toward the unlocked position due to the vertical plane of the second face  24   b  of the plenary locking projection  24 , the connector cover  9  can be rigidly retained in the locked position. The connector cover  9  rarely moves from the locked position in a locking direction (a direction from the unlocked position to the locked position) since the connector cover  9  is in engagement (contact) with the specified connector  8 .  
         [0062]    Then, after the connector cover  9  has been moved to the locked position, the other connector, for example, is inserted into the connector part  3  to electrically connect the other connector with the connector part  3 .  
         [0063]    Accordingly, by slidably moving the connector cover  9  to be engaged with a part of the specified connector  8 , disconnection of the specified connector  8  from the connector cover  9  can be prevented, and therefore, the connector cover  9  can be made compact as compared with a case in which substantially the whole of the specified connector  8  is covered with a cover member. In this manner, even in case where the specified connector  8  is such a connector as electrically connected to a specified electrical component, that is, the connector whose reliability of electrical connection is particularly severely requested, the specified connector can be connected to the fixed connector with high reliability of electrical connection, and high industrial value can be attained.  
         [0064]    Moreover, because the unlocked position is such a position that connection of the other connector to the connector part  3  would be hindered, the other connector cannot be connected to the connector part  3  when the connector cover  9  is in the unlocked position. For this reason, the specified connector  8  must be connected first, and therefore, connection of the specified connector  8  to the connector part  2  can be reliably performed without fail.  
         [0065]    Further, when the connector cover  9  is positioned in the locked position, the cover portion  15  serves as a partition for separating the connector part  2  from the connector part  3 . As the results, it will be easy to connect the other connector to the connector part  3 , and the connection can be reliably performed.  
         [0066]    Moreover, since the connector part  2  and the connector part  3  are juxtaposed adjacently to each other on the center line extending in a longitudinal direction of the electrical junction box  1 , the sliding structure of the connector cover  9  can be easily configured.  
         [0067]    Although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, various changes and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the teachings herein. Such changes and modifications as are obvious are deemed to come within the spirit, scope and contemplation of the invention as defined in the appended claims.