Abstract:
Apparatus for cutting an industrial-size roll of paper or other sheet material into two or more rolls. The apparatus includes a circular saw with a radius large enough to cut through such a roll in a single cut, leaving press-ready rolls that require no finish-trimming on the ends. The saw blade is mounted in a saw frame that travels along a carriage and positions the blade at any desired cutting position on the roll. The apparatus includes a support bed and load-bearing arms for supporting the weight of a large roll and keeping it in position during the cutting operation. Load/unload tables and a system of kicking cylinders guide the roll onto and off of the support bed. The saw frame is a tower that positions the saw blade above the roll at the desired cutting position, or a floor frame that positions the saw along side or beneath the roll at the desired cutting position. The apparatus further includes a finishing station for sanding the ends of cut rolls.

Description:
BACKGROUND INFORMATION  
         [0001]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0002]    The invention relates to the field of processing large rolls of sheet material. More particularly, the invention relates to cutting such large rolls. More particularly yet, the invention relates to sub-dividing an industrial-size roll of sheet material into two or more individual rolls.  
           [0003]    2. Description of the Prior Art  
           [0004]    Paper for the printing industry is provided on rolls of various widths. Often, it is necessary to re-size a roll from its original state, that is, to reduce the width of the roll, or to cut an end from a roll of paper that has been damaged. The conventional method of re-sizing such a roll is to run the paper through a rewinder. This process entails feeding the paper through a slitter that cuts the paper to the desired width with a blade, and rewinding the slit or cut material onto one or more rolls, as applicable. One of the largest industrial-size rolls of paper has a diameter of 72 inches and a paper width of 138 inches. Rolls this large are typically not re-sized on a rewinder, because the rewinder equipment for handling such large rolls would be extremely costly and space-consuming. Also, the rolls that require re-sizing are often not at a facility that has a rewinder. Because such rolls are extremely large, heavy, and difficult to handle and to transport, it is very costly and time-consuming to ship them to a facility that does have a rewinder. Thus, the rolls are generally re-sized on location, by cutting the rolls with a chain saw to the approximate size and then finishing the ends of the cut rolls in a finish or trim process. Because of the complexity and large number of components that are need in rewinding equipment, it is not feasible to construct a rewinder that is a mobile unit.  
           [0005]    Special roll-cutting machinery is used to cut and re-finish industrial-size paper rolls. In U.S. Pat. No. 6,269,719 B1, Easton et al. discloses machinery that is used to cut a roll into a narrower roll. The Easton et al. machinery provides a horizontal bed that supports a roll of paper and a rotary arm unit that includes a circular saw. The saw is mounted in such a way that it can be positioned along the roll only a few inches in from the end of the roll. Furthermore, the radius of the saw blade is small, typically with a 10-inch radius and, thus, much smaller than the radius of an industrial-size roll. In order for the saw to be able to cut across the cutting plane in toward the center of the roll, the material that has been cut must be removed rather quickly from the roll. To facilitate removal of this material, radial slices are cut into the end of the roll with a chain saw or a handheld circular saw to the approximate depth of the desired cut before the cut is made. As the saw cuts in from the outer perimeter, strips of the trimmed waste paper drop off or are pulled off and are discarded as waste paper and/or recycled.  
           [0006]    U.S. Pat. No. 5,964,024 (Wallace;  1999 ) discloses apparatus that includes a roll cutter that is similar in purpose to that of the Easton et al. roll-cutting machine, but with the roll of paper supported in a vertical position on a rotating base. As with the Easton et al. machinery, the saw is small, relative to the diameter of the roll to be cut. A second, hand-operated circular saw may be used to cut radial cuts into the end of the roll to a depth of the desired trim cut, so that the paper may be quickly removed as the saw travels inward toward the core. In this case, because the roll is supported vertically, spacers are inserted into the cut as the saw moves in toward the core, to prevent the upper part of the roll from slipping down and binding the saw. And again, if a wide roll of paper is to be divided into two or more rolls, a chain saw is used to first cut through the original roll at the approximate locations of the desired cut or cuts and the ends of each roll are then trimmed in separate operations.  
           [0007]    Both the Easton et al. and Wallace equipment are provided as mobile units. That is, the roll-cutting machinery is mounted on a transport vehicle and brought to the location of the rolls that are to be cut. Thus, the facility that processes such rolls collects and stores the rolls and, at intervals, calls upon the roll-cutting service. This, of course, requires space, roll-handling equipment, and administrative effort to store and keep track of the rolls, in order to determine when it is economically feasible to hire the roll-cutting service to come with the roll-cutting machinery and cut the rolls.  
           [0008]    The conventional roll-cutting machinery and methods of cutting, whether the rewinder operation or the cutting operations described above, have disadvantages that make it a difficult or costly process to reduce the width of a roll. The rewinder method requires sophisticated equipment that makes this method not practicable as a mobile unit, so that the owner that processes such large industrial size rolls must either have the rewinder equipment permanently installed to slit, or must ship the rolls to a location that provides that service. This, again, is very costly because of the transportation costs. Furthermore, it is critical that the rewinding be done properly, as improperly wound paper can dramatically change the physics of the originally manufactured roll, making it unusable for its intended purposes.  
           [0009]    It is known in other industries to use a large circular saw blade to cut through a large cylindrical form of material. Saw blades used in the lumber industry come to mind. None of the known blades is capable of cutting through a large, industrial-size roll of paper in a single-cut operation, leaving one or more rolls with smooth, finished, press-ready ends that require no further trimming or other operations to prepare them for subsequent processing.  
           [0010]    What is needed, therefore, is machinery that efficiently cuts rolls in a single-cut operation and leaves a press-ready roll with a smooth, finished roll end that requires no further trimming or other end-finishing operations. What is further needed is such machinery that is capable of sub-dividing a roll into narrower rolls, with little or no waste. What is yet further needed is such machinery that accepts rolls in a wide range of widths and is adaptable to cut through a roll at virtually any location along the width of the roll.  
         BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0011]    For the reasons cited above, it is an object of the present invention to provide saw apparatus that efficiently cuts rolls in a single-cut operation, leaving a press-ready roll with a smooth and finished roll end. It is a further object to provide such apparatus that is adaptable to subdivide a roll into narrower rolls, generating little or no waste. It is a yet further object to provide such apparatus that is adaptable to accept rolls in a wide range of widths and to cut through a roll at any location along the width of the roll.  
           [0012]    The objects of the invention are achieved by providing saw apparatus that is adapted to cut a roll to a particular size or to cut two or more rolls from a wide roll. Note that although the apparatus is described hereinafter as a saw for cutting a paper roll, the saw apparatus may be used for cutting rolls of various types of web or sheet material, such as plastic film, carpeting or flooring material, etc.  
           [0013]    The saw apparatus according to the invention comprises a circular saw for cutting the roll, a load-bearing unit for holding the roll in position for cutting, and roll-placement means for placing the roll in the load-bearing unit. The circular saw has a radius sufficiently large to cut through an industrial-size paper roll, without having to remove cut material from the roll during the cutting operation, and is mounted on a saw frame that travels parallel to the load-bearing unit and is positionable for a cutting operation at any location along the width of a roll that is held in the load-bearing unit. Thus, the saw apparatus provides means for subdividing the roll into two or more rolls of virtually any desirable width.  
           [0014]    For purposes of clarity in the subsequent descriptions, the footprint of the apparatus is defined as being substantially rectangular, with the narrow ends of the rectangle being referred to as a first end, which is a home position, and a second end, and with the sides of the rectangle being referred to as an entrance side and an exit side. The saw frame resides in the home position when not in use. The roll to be cut is brought to the apparatus on the entrance side, rotatably mounted in the load-bearing unit, and then discharged from the saw apparatus either to the entrance side or the exit side, depending on the particular roll-placement means incorporated into the apparatus. Generally, paper (or other sheet material) is wound around a hollow core to form the roll. The ends of the roll may be mounted directly on shaftless chucks in the load-bearing unit, or, a shaft, such as an air shaft with expandable lugs or buttons, may first be inserted into the hollow core of the roll and the shaft mounted in chucks. The end of the roll that is located toward the first end of the apparatus serves as a reference position for measuring an intended location of a cut.  
           [0015]    The load-bearing unit comprises a rectangular load beam with two load arms that are mounted on one face of the beam. The load beam has a length that extends most of the distance between the first end and the second end of the apparatus, with a first load-beam end being near the home position, a second load-beam end near the second end of the apparatus, and a longitudinal axis of the load beam extending therebetween. One or both of the load arms are slidably mounted on an adjustment mechanism that extends parallel to the longitudinal axis. Depending on the particular installation of the saw apparatus, one of the load arms may instead be fixedly mounted at the first load beam end, with the second load arm being slidably mounted. The distance between the load arms is adjustable by selectively positioning the slidably-mounted load arm or arms on the adjustment mechanism at a distance that will accommodate the specific length of the roll to be cut. A chuck is mounted at the upper end of each load arm.  
           [0016]    The roll-placement means is used to place the roll of paper to be cut in the load-bearing unit. The invention encompasses several roll-placement means. A first roll-placement means includes a positioning assembly that rotates the load beam into a roll pick-up position and back into a cutting position. The positioning arms are mounted on the load beam, and as the arm rotates, the load beam is also rotated about its longitudinal axis. Extending from each end of the load beam, essentially parallel and co-axial to the longitudinal axis of the load beam, is a load journal that is supported by support bearings. Each journal supports a positioning assembly, which comprises at least one positioning cylinder, a lever arm, and at least one positioning arm. The lever arm is fixedly keyed to the journal and pivotably linked to the positioning cylinder which is connected to the positioning arm. Extending or retracting the piston on the positioning cylinder causes the positioning arm to rotate about the journal, which forces the rectangular load beam to rotate about its longitudinal axis between the roll pick-up position, in which the load arms are in position for receiving and picking up the roll, and the cutting position, in which the load arms support the roll in position for cutting. Subsequent to the cutting operation, the roll-placement means is again actuated to rotate the load beam into the roll-pickup position, in order to release the cut rolls from the load-bearing unit.  
           [0017]    A second roll-placement means includes a load table placed on the entrance side of the load-bearing unit, an exit table on the exit side, a height-adjustable support bed or cradle mounted above and parallel to the load beam, and kicking cylinders. With this embodiment of the roll-placement means, the load beam is fixedly, i.e., non-rotatably, mounted in the center of the rectangle of the saw apparatus, parallel to the entrance and exit sides. The load arms are height-adjustable, allowing the chucks at the ends of the load arms to be brought into position to receive rolls of different diameters. The support bed bears the weight of the paper roll while the load arms are brought into position to hold the ends of the rolls during cutting. The kicking cylinders are also height adjustable and are used to guide the roll from the load table onto the support bed and then onto the exit table.  
           [0018]    The load arms serve to hold the roll in the proper longitudinal position for cutting, that is, they prevent the roll from shifting in a longitudinal direction. Large industrial-size paper rolls are extremely heavy and the support bed serves to relieve the load arms of the load and to maintain a horizontal alignment of the roll during the cutting process. Various means are suitable as the support bed. It is important that the roll rotate during the cutting operation; it is less critical whether the means of rotation are provided by the chucks or by rollers in the support bed. Ideally, the supports on the support bed are height-adjustable to guidingly support the roll of a particular diameter and to accommodate slight out-of-round conditions of the roll. The direction of rotation is generally in the same direction of rotation as that of the saw blade at the point of contact of the saw blade. Depending on the type of material wound on the roll and the configuration of the saw blade, it may be desirable to have the roll rotate in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the saw at the point of contact.  
           [0019]    The saw frame is mounted on the carriage rails and held in the home position until the saw blade is to be positioned at some intended location of cut between the home position and the second load-beam end. It is within the scope of the invention to provide the saw frame as a tower in which the saw blade is supported at a height greater than the expected greatest diameter of a roll to be handled by the saw apparatus, so that the saw blade, once positioned over the intended location of cut, is lowered into the roll. It is also within the scope of the invention to provide the saw frame as a floor frame in which the saw blade is supported laterally to the support bed, with the center of the blade parallel and at approximately the same height as the longitudinal axis of the roll shaft of the roll when held in the load arms. The saw blade is then moved in toward the core of the roll at the intended location of cut. Another configuration of the saw unit includes installing the saw frame in a pit beneath the area where the roll is supported in the cutting position, and raising the saw to cut through the roll. Still another embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention provides a saw frame that is stationary and a load-bearing unit that is mounted on a carriage system and positions the roll to be cut at an operating location of the saw blade.  
           [0020]    One danger of cutting material, particularly paper, is that the heat caused by the friction of the blade against the material is great enough to cause the material being removed to weld to the cutting surfaces of the saw blade or to the material being cut. The size of the saw blade used in the apparatus according to the invention is so great that the body of the saw blade serves as an effective heat sink, that is, heat of friction is rapidly absorbed away from the saw teeth into the body of the blade and, as a result, the saw blade remains cool. This reduces significantly the amount of heat that is transferred from the teeth to the material being cut, thereby reducing the likelihood that the material being removed will weld to the saw or to material on the roll. Nevertheless, depending on the type of material being cut, it may be desirable to provide a lubricant-coolant to the saw blade to cool the blade. A suitable coolant-lubricant is ACCU-LUBE™, manufactured by ACCU-LUBE Manufacturing GmbH. The lubricant is sprayed as a fine mist onto the teeth at the top of the saw blade. The lubricant dries as the blade spins so that, by the time the teeth coated with the lubricant reach the surface to be cut, the lubricant has already dried and, thus, does not stain or damage the material being cut.  
           [0021]    It is also within the scope of the invention to provide saw apparatus that has a support means, such as a support bed, mounted directly on the floor, which allows the roll to rotate during the cutting operation, but does not have the load-bearing unit and the roll-placement means described above. Rolls that are large in diameter, but not very long, are manageable with a conventional roll-handling truck, typically referred to as a clamp truck, that is used to pick up and transport rolls for short distances. In this scaled-down version of the saw apparatus, the carriage system for the saw frame extends alongside a support bed that has several long rollers on which the roll is rotatably supportable. For example, in a support bed having four long rollers, one or two of the long rollers are driven rollers, while the remaining long rollers are follower rollers.  
           [0022]    Operation of the apparatus according to the invention is as follows: To load the roll, it is placed alongside and parallel to the load beam on the entrance side of the saw apparatus. If the first roll-placement means is used, the roll is placed on the floor, in position to be picked up by the load arms. Depending on the type of chucks used, shaftless chucks or conventional chucks for receiving a shaft, the roll is either supported on the noses of the shaftless chucks or a roll shaft is inserted into the hollow core and the ends of the roll shaft clamped between the two chucks. The positioning assembly is then actuated to force the load beam to rotate about its longitudinal axis toward the entrance side, so as to bring the upper ends of the load arms down to a position that will allow the ends of the roll shaft to be secured in chucks provided in the load arms. The positioning assembly is then actuated to force the load beam to rotate in the opposite direction, toward the back side of the apparatus, in which the roll is positioned above the support bed. If the support bed is fitted with height-adjustable supports, these are adjusted to guidingly support the roll of a particular diameter. The weight of the roll is born by the support bed, while the load arms, although providing some support to the roll, primarily maintain proper alignment of the roll. The nose on the shaftless chucks or the air shaft are fitted with expandable lugs or buttons which, when inflated with air, prevent the roll from shifting radially and/or longitudinally, which is critical, as any deflection would cause the saw blade to bind during the cutting operation and would result in gouging cuts in the edge of the roll.  
           [0023]    If the second roll-placement means is used, the roll is placed on the load table and rolled onto the support bed, which is in its raised position. The kicking cylinders prevent the roll from rolling onto the exit table. The kicking cylinders are then actuated to guide the roll onto the support bed. Depending on the size and weight of the roll, the support bed, which is supported by hydraulic cylinders, may be lowered to a position in which the cylinders are fully retracted and resting on bearing stops. The roll is fitted onto the load-bearing unit as described above.  
           [0024]    Once the roll is in the support bed and ready for cutting, the saw frame is moved along a carriage system until the saw blade is positioned at the location of the desired roll cut. The saw blade is driven through the rotating roll, including through the core, to completely sever a section of the roll from the rest of the roll. The saw blade is large enough to cut through a roll of industrial-size paper in a single-cut operation, leaving press-ready rolls with smooth ends that generally require no further finishing. Because the saw blade is positionable all along the length of the load beam, a series of cuts may be made in the roll, thereby subdividing the roll into multiple rolls that are ready for use. Depending on the roll-placement means employed, the cut rolls are either kicked out to the exit table or the load beam is rotated back to the roll-pickup position, in order to release the cut rolls onto the floor.  
           [0025]    In the scaled-down version of the saw apparatus, the roll is placed on the support bed by the roll-handling truck, and the saw frame driven along the carriage system to the desired location of cut on the roll. The roll is rotated on the support bed during the cutting operation.  
           [0026]    The ends of the paper rolls cut with the saw apparatus according to the invention are very smooth and, in most cases, the roll is press-ready. In some paper processing operations, however, it may be desirable to have an extremely smooth finish on the ends of the cut paper rolls. In this case, a finishing station may be provided, either as a processing station that is integrated into the production line, or as a separate finishing station. The finishing station comprises a tower on which a sander unit is mounted. The lower half of the tower has a height-adjustable roll mounting assembly that includes a shaftless chuck for holding the cut paper roll. The sander unit is height-adjustably mounted in the upper half of the tower, and includes a sanding disc and a hydraulic motor. The cut roll is mounted on the chuck and raised off the floor, and the sander unit lowered so that the operative surface of the sanding disc is up against the face of the cut roll end. A depth adjustment means is provided on the sander unit, for adjusting the depth of material removal from the cut roll end. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0027]    The present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers indicate identical or functionally similar elements.  
         [0028]    [0028]FIG. 1 is a front view of the first embodiment of the saw apparatus according to the invention.  
         [0029]    [0029]FIG. 2 is an end view of the apparatus of FIG. 1, showing the saw frame, the support bed, and a side view of the load arm and positioning assembly.  
         [0030]    [0030]FIG. 3 is a plane view of the carriage system.  
         [0031]    [0031]FIG. 4 is an illustration of a conventional paper roll with a fiber core. (Prior Art)  
         [0032]    [0032]FIG. 5 is an illustration of the load-bearing unit.  
         [0033]    [0033]FIG. 6 is a front view of the positioning assembly.  
         [0034]    [0034]FIG. 7 is a perspective rear view of the positioning assembly.  
         [0035]    [0035]FIG. 8 is a top view of the support bed.  
         [0036]    [0036]FIG. 9 is a front view of the second embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, showing a floor frame to hold the saw blade.  
         [0037]    [0037]FIG. 10 is an end view of the apparatus according to FIG. 9.  
         [0038]    [0038]FIG. 11 is a side view of a third embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, showing the saw tower, the stationary load beam, and an adjustable support bed.  
         [0039]    [0039]FIG. 12 is an end view of the embodiment of FIG. 11, showing the configuration of load and exit tables.  
         [0040]    [0040]FIG. 13 is a top view of the embodiment of FIG. 11, showing load and exit tables.  
         [0041]    [0041]FIG. 14 is an illustration of a finishing station, shown from the operator side.  
         [0042]    [0042]FIG. 15 is an end view of the finishing station of FIG. 14.  
         [0043]    [0043]FIG. 16 is an illustration of the sander unit.  
         [0044]    [0044]FIG. 17 is a side view of the roll-lifting mechanism. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0045]    [0045]FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a first embodiment of a saw apparatus  10  according to the invention. The saw apparatus  10  comprises a saw unit  20 , a carriage system  110 , a positioning assembly  40 , and a load-bearing unit  70 . For the sake of illustration, the operation of the saw apparatus  10  will be described hereinafter with reference to sawing through a roll  1  of paper, in order to re-size the roll. The roll  1 , as shown in FIG. 1, is a standard, industrial-sized paper roll having a roll diameter D of approximately 50 inches and a roll width W of approximately 138 inches, although the saw apparatus is adaptable to processing rolls up to 72 inches in diameter. The saw apparatus  10  according to the invention may, of course, be used to cut or re-size smaller rolls, and indeed, generally may be used to cut very large and/or heavy cylindrical-shaped material, including rolls and log-shaped material that lend itself to cutting with a circular saw blade.  
         [0046]    [0046]FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the carriage system  110 , showing the carriage rails  112  and a rack  114 . As shown, the two parallel carriage rails  112  generally define a rectangular area that encompasses the saw unit  20 . In the embodiment shown, the saw unit  10  includes a frame  22  that is mounted on the carriage rails  112  and moved along the rails carriage  112  by means of a drive system that is a rack-and-pinion assembly (only a rack  114  shown in FIG. 3) that is connected to the frame  22  and is driven by a motor  113  (shown in FIG. 1). The drive system, with motor, is well-known and is not discussed in any detail herein. Furthermore, the invention encompasses the use of other suitable means of driving the frame  22  along the carriage rails  112 .  
         [0047]    For purposes of clarity, the footprint of the first embodiment of the saw apparatus  10  is also illustrated in FIG. 3. The upper end of the rectangle that encompasses the saw apparatus  10 , which is also a home position of the saw frame  20 , is referred to hereinafter as a first end  10 A; the left-hand side of the rectangle, i.e., to the left of the load beam  72  (shown only schematically with dashed lines), is referred to as an operator side  10 C; the opposite side of the load beam  72  is referred to as a back side  10 D, and the lower, narrow end of the rectangle is referred to as a second end  10 B of the saw apparatus  10 .  
         [0048]    Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 2, the saw unit  20  is shown in a home position at the first end  10 A of the saw apparatus  10 . A saw blade  24  is mounted on a saw frame  27  that, in this first embodiment, is a tower frame. The saw blade  24  is mounted on a platform that is movably supported on a plurality of ball screws  26 . In the embodiment shown, the saw blade  24  is a large blade with a radius of 32 inches, made by Specialty Saw, Inc. of Simsbury, Conn., and adapated to provide a press-ready finish on a cut end of the roll  3  in a single-pass cutting operation. A drive system, such as an electric or a hydraulic motor, is used to drive the ball screws  26  to adjust the height of the platform, thereby controlling the height of the saw blade  24  and the downward saw feed rate. It is well-know to use drive systems with ball screws to control feed rate, therefore the drive system is not shown or described in detail herein.  
         [0049]    [0049]FIG. 4 (prior art) illustrates a roll  1  wound on a core  3 . The core  3  in the embodiments shown is a fiber core typically used with paper rolls. Shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are the load-bearing unit  70  and two positioning assemblies  40 , one positioning assembly  40  mounted on each end of the load beam  72 . A roll shaft  2  extends through the core  3  of the roll  1 . Each end of the roll shaft  2  is rotatably mounted in a safety chuck  71  at the upper end of a load arm  73  and the two load arms  73  are rigidly mounted on a top face  72 A of a rectangular load beam  72 .  
         [0050]    [0050]FIG. 5 shows the load-bearing unit  70  in greater detail. For purposes of illustration, the positioning assembly  40  is shown assembled at the first end  10 A only of the saw apparatus  10 . One of the load arms  73  is an adjustable load arm  73 A and the other one is a fixed load arm  73 B. As shown, the adjustable load arm  73 A is mounted on a threaded rod  76  that extends above the top face  72 A of the load beam  72 . Also shown in the fixed load arm  73 B is the safety chuck  71 . The adjustable load arm  73 A is also equipped such a chuck. Conventional roll shafts are provided in a variety of standard lengths and the adjustable load arm  73 A is positionable at any point along the threaded rod  76  in order to accommodate the length of the particular roll shaft  2  being used with the roll  1  to be cut. A hydraulic motor is used to position the adjustable load arm  73 A along the rod  76 . Such means are well known in the field and are not shown. The load arms  73  securely hold the roll  1  in the proper position for measuring a distance from the end of the roll and for cutting by preventing the roll  1  from shifting longitudinally during the cutting operation. Any shift along the longitudinal axis of the load beam  72 , even a minimal one, would cause the saw blade  24  to bind and would create a ragged end cut on the roll  1 .  
         [0051]    The journal  74  for mounting the beam-positioning assembly  70  is shown in FIG. 5 at one end of the load beam  72 . Note that the journal  74  is keyed. Another similar journal  74  extends from the other end of the load beam  72 . Each journal  74  is supported by a support bearing  42 . One positioning assembly  40  is mounted on each journal  74 . Refer to FIG. 1 for an overview of the positioning assemblies  40  in the saw apparatus  10 , each positioning assembly  40  comprising two positioning arms  44 , rotatably mounted on the journal  74  that extends from each end of the load beam  72 .  
         [0052]    The positioning assembly  40  will next be described, with reference to FIGS. 1, 3, and  5 - 7 . FIG. 5 is an illustration of the load journal  74  on the load beam  73  and shows one of the positioning assemblies  40  mounted on the load beam. The load journal  74  is shown mounted on support bearings  42  and the beam-positioning arms  44  mounted on the journal  74  so as to rotate freely about the journal  74 . A lever arm  45  (shown in FIG. 1) is keyed at one end to the journal  74  and linked at the other end with a first cylinder unit  47 , which is pivotably linked to the beam-positioning arms  44 . A second cylinder unit  48  is mounted on the floor on the back side of the apparatus  10 , as shown in FIG. 7, and is rotatably linked to a bracket  50  that connects the beam-positioning arms  44 . Actuating the first cylinder unit  47  assembly forces the beam-positioning arms  44  to rotate about an axis parallel and concentric with the longitudinal axis of the journal  74 , between a roll-pickup position at the operator side  10 C, shown in FIG. 3, and an intermediate position, in which the load arms  73  are substantially vertical or tilted slightly toward the back side  10 D. Actuating the second cylinder unit  48  assembly forces the beam-positioning arms  44  to rotate the load beam  72  into a cutting-operation position, with the load arms  73  extending toward the back side  10 D, holding the roll  1  reading for the sawing operation. The cylinder units  47  and  48  are most suitably hydraulically operated by conventional means, which are not shown herein.  
         [0053]    The load-bearing unit  70  with the load arms  73  provides a support means for the roll  1 . Because of the tremendous weight and/or the length of the roll  1 , there is a danger that the roll shaft  2  may deflect under the force of the sawing operation. It may be advisable then to provide a floor-mounted support means to relieve the roll shaft  2  of the weight of the roll  1  as it is being cut. To this end, a support bed  130  is provided, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 8. The embodiment of the support bed  130  shown has two rows of supports  80 . In the configuration shown in FIG. 2, the supports  80  are angled in toward the center of the support bed  130  to form an inversely V-shaped support bed  130 . This configuration reduces the possibility that the weight of the roll  1  will cause the supports  80  to deflect. It is critical that the roll rotate during cutting, thus, a means of rotation  82  is provided at the top of each row of supports  80 . The means of rotation  82  shown in FIG. 8 are a pair of long rollers  82 A, 82 B, each roller of which extends substantially the length of the support bed  130  and allows the roll  1  to rotate while being supported by the support bed  130 . The roll shaft  2  is rotatably driven in the safety chucks in the load arms  73  and the long rollers  82 A, 82 B are free-rolling. In a different configuration, the roll shaft  2  is free-rolling within the safety chucks and the means of rotation  82  rotatably drive the roll  1  on the support bed  130 . In this configuration, one of the long rollers  82 A, 82 B is a driving roller and the other one a freely-rotating roller. The embodiment of the support bed  130  shown in FIG. 2 includes supports  80  that are adjustable in height and are pivotably mounted on the floor, so that they may adjusted to accommodate the diameter of the specific roll to be cut.  
         [0054]    A second embodiment of a saw apparatus  100  according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. The primary difference between the first and second embodiments is that the roll  1  is not cut from above, but from the side. The load-bearing unit  70 , the positioning assemblies  40  and the support bed  130  are essentially the same as those described in the first embodiment. A modified saw frame  120  is mounted on a carriage system  200  and travels alongside the roll  1  such that the saw blade  24  also travels alongside the roll. Ideally, the center of the saw blade  24  at a height that is approximately the same as the center of the roll shaft  2 . Instead of lowering the saw blade  24  from above into the roll  1 , as is done in the first embodiment of the saw apparatus  10 , the saw blade  24  is moved horizontally inward from the side toward the center of the roll  1 .  
         [0055]    [0055]FIG. 9 is an end view of the saw apparatus  100 , showing the load beam  72 , the positioning assembly  40 , the support bed  130 , the carriage system  200 , and the modified saw frame  120 . The roll  1  is shown being lowered into position in the support bed  130 . The modified saw frame  120  includes a threaded rod  126  that is mounted in the saw frame  120  such that it extends transverse to the longitudinal axis of the roll  1 . Similar to the carriage system  100  shown in FIG. 3, the carriage system  200  includes carriage rails  112  and a gear rack  114 . The saw blade  24  is mounted on the threaded rod  126  and is drivable thereon in toward the roll  1 .  
         [0056]    The apparatus  100  may be equipped with auxiliary systems, such as a lubricating system for cooling the blade and a dust-collection system for collecting the waste particles freed by the sawing operation. In tests conducted by the Applicants, it was found that the ACCU LUBE™ lubricant, applied to the saw teeth by means of a spray system directed at the top of the blade, was already dry when the teeth at the top had rotated down to the cutting surface and that the blade was cool to the touch. The fact that the lubricant is dry before the treated teeth touch the material to be cut reduces the chances of the lubricant staining or damaging the material on the roll. Because the blade is so large, the rate of heat transfer away from the teeth into the body of the saw is extremely rapid, and, depending on the type of material being cut, lubricant may not be needed.  
         [0057]    [0057]FIGS. 11-13 show a third and preferred embodiment of a saw apparatus  1000  according to the invention. Saw apparatus  1000  comprises the saw unit  20 , and the carriage system  110  described above, a load-bearing unit  700 , a loading/unloading means  400 , and a roll-placement means  420 . The loading/unloading means  400  includes at least a load table  402  and an exit table  406 . The load-bearing unit  700  includes a load beam  720  and two load arms  730 , each with a safety chuck  71 . The safety chucks  71  may be either shaftless chucks that are sized appropriately to receive and securely hold the ends of the core  3 , or chucks that receive and securely hold a roll shaft that is inserted in the core  3 . The load beam  720  is similar to the load beam  72  described above, but is stationary within the saw apparatus  1000  and does not rotate. The load arms  730  are mounted on the load beam  720 . These arms are similar to the load arms  73 , but are height-adjustable, allowing the safety chucks  71  to be adjusted in height to receive and hold the roll  1  when it is placed in the load-bearing unit  700 . In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11-13, a second load arm  730 B is slidably mounted on the threaded rod  76  that is mounted on the load beam  720  and the first load arm  730 A is fixedly mounted on the load beam  720 . It is, of course, possible to provide a second threaded rod  76  or other slide means for the first load arm  730 A and to allow both load arms  730  to move along the load beam  720  to accommodate the width of the paper roll  1 .  
         [0058]    The key differences between the first embodiment of the saw apparatus  10  and the preferred embodiment of the saw apparatus  1000  lie in the loading/unloading means  400  and the roll-placement means  420 , shown in FIGS. 11 and 13. In this preferred embodiment, the paper roll  1  is placed on the load table  402  and rolled in the direction of the load beam  720 . The various positions of the paper roll  1  are designated  1 A- 1 D, as shown in FIG. 12. A weigh table  404  is provided as an optional addition, for weighing the paper roll  1  before it is processed. A hinged bridge section  410  bridges the distance from the edge of the load table  402  or the weigh table  404  over the carriage system  110  to a support frame  412 . The bridge section  410  is folded up out of the way once the paper roll  1  is situated in position  1 C in the load-bearing unit  700 , to allow the saw unit  20  to travel on the carriage system  110  to the desired position.  
         [0059]    The roll-placement means  420  includes the support bed  130  with support rollers  424  and kicking cylinders  422 , as best seen in FIGS. 11 and 12. The support bed  130  is supported by hydraulically actuated support-bed cylinders  132  and has has two positions, a raised position at the top of the stroke of the hydraulic support, and a lowered position, in which the support-bed cylinders  132  are lowered onto stops  134 , to relieve the load from the load arms  730  during the cutting operation. The kicking cylinders  422 A and  422 B and the support rollers  424 A and  424 B are shown in a loading position, ready to receive the paper roll  1 . The kicking cylinders  422 A and the support roller  424 A are in a lowered position, and the kicking cylinders  422 B and the support roller  424 B in a raised position, a configuration which prevents the paper roll  1 C from rolling onto the exit table  406 . Once the paper roll  1  has rolled free of the entrance table  402  or weigh table  404  and the support frame  412  and is in position  1 C, the kicking cylinders  422 B and the support roller  424 B are lowered. The paper roll  1  is now resting on the support rollers  424  that allow the roll  1  to rotate. After the cutting process has been completed, the support rollers  424  and the kicking cylinders  422 A are raised to kick the cut rolls out onto the exit table  406 , shown as position  1 D, whence they are picked up by a clamp truck.  
         [0060]    Most cut rolls are ready for use, without further processing. In some cases, however, extremely smooth ends are desired. It is within the scope of the invention to provide a finishing station  2000  that will sand the ends of cut paper rolls to the desired degree of smoothness. FIGS. 14 and 15 illustrate a portion of the finishing station  2000 , comprising a sander unit  2100 , a roll-lifting assembly  2200 , fitted with a shaftless chuck  2210  with a nose  2212 , a finishing station tower frame  2300 , and a finishing-station carriage system  2400 . FIG. 16 shows details of the sander unit  2100  and FIG. 17, details of the shaftless chuck  2210 .  
         [0061]    As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the tower frame  2300  is mounted on the finishing-station carriage system  2400 . Although only one tower frame  2300  is shown, it should be understood that a second tower frame  2300  may be mounted at the opposite end of the carriage system  2400 . One or both of the tower frames  2300  travels along the carriage system  2400  to adjust the distance between the two roll-lifting assemblies  2200  to receive and hold the cut paper roll  1 D. Alternatively, if the normal paper-roll processing will be post-treating relatively small cut rolls of paper, only one tower frame is required.  
         [0062]    With continued reference to FIGS. 14 and 15, the sander unit  2100  is mounted in the upper half of the tower frame  2300  and the roll-lifting assembly  2200  in the lower half. The sander unit  2100  is shown in two positions: a sanding position, in which the sander unit  2100  is located just above a shaftless chuck  2210  and, in dashed lines, in a home position, in which the sander unit  2100  is retracted to a raised position, The nose  2212  on the shaftless chuck  2210  is sized for insertion into the core  3  of the cut paper roll  1 D and is provided with expandable lugs or buttons, which are inflated to ensure that the paper roll  1 D does not rotate relative to the nose  2212 .  
         [0063]    [0063]FIG. 16 shows details of the sander unit  2100 , which includes a sanding disc  2110 , a handwheel  2140 , a hydraulic motor  2120 . The handwheel  2140  is used to adjust the amount of material that is to be removed from the end of the cut paper roll  1 D.  
         [0064]    [0064]FIG. 17 shows details of the roll-lifting assembly  2200 . The shaftless chuck  2210  is mounted on bearings on a hydraulic cylinder  2220 , which is driven by a hydraulic motor  2230 . The nose  2212  is inserted into the core  3  of the cut paper roll  1 D.  
         [0065]    The scope of the invention encompasses a paper roll processing system in which the saw apparatus  100  or  1000  and the finishing station  2000  are integrated into a paper roll processing line. The cut paper roll  1 D, after being kicked out onto the exit table  406  is rolled into position before the roll-lifting assembly  2200 , which is adjusted in height so that the nose  2212  is aligned with the core  3 . The cut paper roll  1 D is then mounted on the nose  2212  and the end of the roll sanded to the desired smoothness finish.  
         [0066]    The detailed description of the invention includes descriptions of specific embodiments of the apparatus and the method of cutting a roll. It shall be understood, however, that a person skilled in the art is capable of implementing many variations and modifications of the invention without straying from the intended scope of the present invention as presented in the following claims.