Abstract:
An audio apparatus contains a plurality of playable files stored in a database and organized in folders. The folders can be listed in a manner understandable at a glance even when viewed on a small display area and when the hierarchical structure shows a minimum level of detail. A folder selection section selects a folder from a database, and a directly-under-folder detection section detects if a playable file exists directly under a folder selected. A folder-under-folder detection section detects if a playable file exists directly under any folder located under the selected folder assuming no playable file exists directly under the selected folder.

Description:
PRIORITY CLAIM 
       [0001]    This application claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-260541, filed on Nov. 14, 2009, and which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0003]    The present invention according to one embodiment relates to an audio apparatus in which audio data stored in various databases are listed on a folder-to-folder basis, clearly based on the presence of a file in each folder. 
         [0004]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0005]    One widely-used method for clearly listing many files stored in a database is to include the same type of files in a folder and include the same type of folders in an upper-level folder. In this method, a file stored in the database can be used by selecting a folder sequentially from the top-level to lower levels and finally finding a desired file. The folder structure of such a database organizes files currently stored in the database, and can additionally create a folder in advance for a new category expected to be stored in the database so that, when data in the new category is input, the data can be quickly included in that folder that can be quickly available. 
         [0006]      FIG. 5  shows an example of the above-described folder structure.  FIG. 5  illustrates a hierarchical structure of folders in which files of various tunes are stored in mp3 or wma format in a database in a memory, hard-disk or the like in an audio apparatus. In  FIG. 5 , a “ROOT” exists as the top-level folder, and “AAA.mp3” and “BBB.mp3” files exist in the “ROOT” itself, or directly under the “ROOT.” 
         [0007]    A “Folder A” and a “Folder B” exist as lower folders belonging to the “ROOT,” or as folders under the “ROOT.” Directly under the “Folder A,” a document file “WARD.doc” exists, and no tune file that can be played by the audio apparatus (referred to as playable file) exists. On the other hand, a “Folder C” and a “Folder E” exist under the “Folder B.” No tune exists directly under the “Folder C.” “FFF.mp3” and “GGG.mp3” tunes exist directly under the “Folder E.” 
         [0008]    Although no tune exists directly under the “Folder C”, a “Folder D” exists under the “Folder C,” and three tunes exist directly under the “Folder D,” which include “CCC.mp3” and “DDD.mp3” tunes (audio files in mp3 format) and an “EEE.wma” tune (audio file in wma format). Further, the two tunes exist directly under the “Folder E” as described above. A “Folder F” and a “Folder G” exist under the “Folder E.” No tune exists directly under the “Folder F”, but “HHH.mp3” and “III.mp3” tunes exist directly under the “Folder G.” 
         [0009]    When the database in which these tune data are stored with the folder structure shown in  FIG. 5  resides in a car audio apparatus, the display area is too limited to list the folder structure in detail. For example, in reality, the folders would be listed entirely in parallel without any hierarchical structure, as shown in  FIG. 6(   a ). In the example shown in  FIG. 6(   a ), the display of a car audio apparatus capable of listing six folders lists all folders, such as “ROOT,” “Folder A,” . . . “Folder E,” without any hierarchical structure. In this example, the numbers of tunes included in the folders are shown as 2, 0, 0, 0, 3, 2 from top to bottom. 
         [0010]    The car audio apparatus, when used by a driver, needs to perform the listing understandable at a glance in such a small display area in order not to interfere with driving. Thus, the listing would inevitably be a parallel listing as shown in  FIG. 6(   a ). However, in order to list the folders anyway with their hierarchical structure, the folders may be listed indented based on the structure in  FIG. 5 , for example as shown in  FIG. 6(   b ). In addition, in order to further highlight the hierarchical structure, a tree structure indicating the hierarchical structure may be additionally displayed as shown in  FIG. 6(   b ). This method is well known as a hierarchical listing of folders in personal computers. 
         [0011]    JP-A-2004-030116 discloses a method for listing folders in different hierarchical levels in a storage medium aligned with each other regardless of their hierarchical levels, according to a playlist management table. JP-A-2007-250036 discloses a method for displaying structure information by analyzing hierarchical structure of folders stored in a storage medium, creating the structure information including information on the hierarchical structure and information on data stored in the folders, and marking a folder that does not include available data as empty folder. 
         [0012]    As described above, when listing folders included in a database on a small display area such as the display of a car audio apparatus as shown in  FIG. 6  in a manner understandable at a glance to drivers, a method of not displaying the hierarchical structure of the folders, as shown in  FIG. 6(   a ), is often used. Further, the hierarchical structure of the folders may be displayed according to a method used by conventional personal computers, as shown in  FIG. 6(   b ). 
         [0013]    However, according to this displaying method, since the entire hierarchical structure of the folders is simply displayed as it is, even a folder directly under which no file (tune) exists is displayed. In the example shown in  FIG. 6(   b ), although no tune exists directly under the “Folder A” and any folder under the “Folder A,” the “Folder A” is always displayed. It would be extremely undesirable for a user searching for a desired tune to be always displayed such a meaningless folder, especially on an apparatus with a small display area. This case is not shown in  FIG. 6(   b ), but as seen from  FIG. 5 , the “Folder F” is always displayed by scrolling  FIG. 6(   b ). 
         [0014]    Further, in the example shown in  FIG. 6(   b ), no tune exists directly under the “Folder B” and the “Folder F.” Focusing the “Folder B,” tunes only exist directly under the “Folder D” under the “Folder C” under the “Folder B” and directly under the “Folder E” under the “Folder B.” 
         [0015]    In the case that no tune exists directly under one folder and a tune exists directly under another folder under the one folder as above, displaying the hierarchical structure of the folders is useful for a user to understand it. However, for example, when using the database on a car audio apparatus, the user&#39;s first priority is to search for a desired tune, and the user does not necessarily need to know the hierarchical structure of the folder directly under which the tune exists. However, the user is more likely to know the hierarchical structure than in the case that no file exists directly under one folder and any folder under the one folder. 
         [0016]    Accordingly, it is desirable that the hierarchical structure of the folder directly under which the tune exists can be displayed on the display, and, when the user absolutely needs to know the hierarchical structure, the car audio apparatus, for example, displays the hierarchical structure in a manner understandable if the user stops the car and observes thoroughly. Such a need also exists not only in a car audio apparatus but also in a home audio apparatus, and a similar need exists in using an apparatus with a small display area, such as personal digital assistant or mobile phone, as audio apparatus. 
         [0017]    In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention according to one embodiment to provide an audio apparatus in which, when many files stored in a database are organized in folders, the folders can be listed in a manner understandable at a glance even on a small display area and with a hierarchical structure in the minimum level of detail. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0018]    In order to solve the above problem, according to an aspect of the invention, an audio apparatus includes: a folder selection section for selecting a folder from a database in which files are stored in hierarchically structured folders; a file-directly-under-folder detection section for detecting whether or not a playable file exists directly under the folder selected by the folder selection section; a file-directly-under-folder-under-folder detection section for, if the file-directly-under-folder detection section has detected that no playable file exists directly under the selected folder, detecting whether or not a playable file exists directly under any folder under the selected folder; a normal mode listing section for, if the file-directly-under-folder detection section has detected a playable file, performing a normal listing on a display; a listing mode changing section for, if the file-directly-under-folder detection section has detected no playable file and the file-directly-under-folder-under-folder detection section has detected a playable file, performing the listing in a manner different from that in which the normal mode listing section performs the listing; and a folder-to-be-hidden selection section for, if the file-directly-under-folder detection section has detected no playable file and the file-directly-under-folder-under-folder detection section has detected no playable file directly under any folder under the selected folder, determining the selected folder to be hidden. 
         [0019]    According to another aspect of the invention, the audio apparatus further includes a listing position control section for adjusting the listing position of a folder determined to be listed by the normal mode listing section and the listing mode changing section to a position corresponding to the hierarchy of the folder. 
         [0020]    According to another aspect of the invention, in the audio apparatus, the listing position control section also closes up in order a space for the folder determined to be hidden by the folder-to-be-hidden selection section by displaying a folder to be listed next. 
         [0021]    According to another aspect of the invention, in the audio apparatus, the folder to be listed by the listing mode changing section is displayed more dimly than the folder to be listed by the normal mode listing section. 
         [0022]    With the apparatus of the invention configured as above, when many files stored in a database are organized in folders, the folders can be listed in a manner understandable at a glance even on a small display area and with a hierarchical structure in the minimum level of detail. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0023]      FIG. 1  is a function block diagram of an embodiment of the invention; 
           [0024]      FIG. 2  is a flowchart showing operational flow of the embodiment; 
           [0025]      FIGS. 3(   a ),  3 ( b ),  3 ( c ) and  3 ( d ) show results of processing according to the invention; 
           [0026]      FIG. 4  shows an example of a listing as the result of processing; 
           [0027]      FIG. 5  shows an example of folder structure; and 
           [0028]      FIGS. 6(   a ) and  6 ( b ) show examples of listing folders using a conventional method. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0029]    An embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the drawings.  FIG. 1  is a function block diagram of the embodiment of the invention, focusing a functional part for folder listing processing. In a folder listing processing unit  10  shown in  FIG. 1 , with data of many tunes in, for example, mp3 format stored as files in a database  20 , in order to list folders including tunes on a display  21  to allow a user to search the files for a desired tune, a folder selection section  11  selects and retrieves a folder from the database  20  in the order based on the folder hierarchy. It should be noted that storage media that can be used for the database  20  includes, for example, a memory within the audio apparatus, external memory such as USB memory, CD, DVD, hard disk and the like. 
         [0030]    When folders are listed on the display  21  and the user performs scrolling in order to see a further folder not displayed on the display  21 , the folder selection section  11  selects a folder to be shown next according to the direction of scrolling. 
         [0031]    The example shown in  FIG. 1  includes a file-directly-under-folder detection section  12 . For a folder having been selected by the folder selection section  11  as above, the file-directly-under-folder detection section  12  detects a file that can be played by the audio apparatus in the selected folder itself, or directly under the selected folder. In the example shown in  FIG. 6 , two files exist directly under the “ROOT,” and those files are audio files in mp3 format. Thus, the file-directly-under-folder detection section  12  detects that two playable files exist directly under the “ROOT.” On the other hand, the WARD.doc document file exists directly under the “Folder A,” but this file is not an audio file that can be played by the audio apparatus. Thus, the file-directly-under-folder detection section  12  detects that no playable file exists directly under the “Folder A.” Similar detection is attempted on the remaining folders. All the file-directly-under-folder detection section  12  needs to do is to detect whether or not a playable file exists directly under the selected folder, and the resulted data may be used to display on the display  21  the number of playable files, such as the number of tunes included in each folder. 
         [0032]    When the file-directly-under-folder detection section  12  detects that no playable file exists directly under the selected folder, a folder-under-folder detection section  13  detects whether a lower-level folder belonging to the selected folder, or a folder under the selected folder exists or not. This detection is performed by accessing the database  20  through the folder selection section  11 . 
         [0033]    All the folder-under-folder detection section  13  needs to do is to detect whether or not a folder exists under the selected folder at least when the file-directly-under-folder detection section  12  has detected that no playable file exists directly under the selected folder, as described above. Additionally, when the folder selection section  11  has selected folders, the folder-under-folder detection section  13  may detect a folder under all of the selected folders in parallel with the detection of the number of the files directly under each of those folders. 
         [0034]    When the folder-under-folder detection section  13  has detected that a folder exists under the selected folder, a file-directly-under-folder-under-folder detection section  14  detects a playable file existing in the detected folder, or directly under the detected folder. Again, all the file-directly-under-folder-under-folder detection section  14  needs to do is to detect whether or not a playable file exists at least directly under any folder under the selected folder. Additionally, the file-directly-under-folder-under-folder detection section  14  may detect the number of playable files that can be used for displaying the number of playable files on the display later. Further, the file-directly-under-folder-under-folder detection section  14  would detect a playable file in every folder in all the hierarchies under the selected folder. 
         [0035]    In a folder listing section  15 , based on the result detected by the file-directly-under-folder detection section  12  from the folders selected by the folder selection section  11 , or based on the resulted playable files detected by the file-directly-under-folder-under-folder detection section  14  from the folders under the selected folder detected by the folder-under-folder detection section  13 , a normal mode listing section  16 , a listing mode changing section  17 , a folder-to-be-hidden selection section  18  and a listing position control section  19  cooperatively operate to finally perform a folder listing, for example, as displayed on the display  21 , i.e., as shown enlarged in  FIG. 4 . 
         [0036]    In the folder listing section  15 , the normal mode listing section  16  performs a preset normal listing when the file-directly-under-folder detection section  12  has detected that a playable file exists directly under the selected folder. On the other hand, when the file-directly-under-folder detection section  12  has detected that no playable file exists directly under the selected folder, the listing mode changing section  17  performs the listing in a manner different from that in which the normal mode listing section  16  performs the listing, indicating that no playable file exists directly under the selected folder. Although various types of listing may be used in this case, the selected folder directly under which no playable file exists is desirably displayed dimly to be inconspicuous since this folder is not very meaningful to the user. 
         [0037]    When the file-directly-under-folder detection section  12  has detected that no playable file exists directly under the selected folder, and the folder-under-folder detection section  13  has detected a. folder existing under the selected folder, and the file-directly-under-folder-under-folder detection section  14  has detected that no playable file exists directly under the detected folder, the folder-to-be-hidden selection section  18  determines that the selected folder is to be hidden. Accordingly, when it is detected that no playable file exists directly under any folder under the selected folder, any folder under the selected folder is also determined to be hidden. 
         [0038]    When any folder to be hidden as above exists, the listing position control section  19  closes up in order a space for the folder to be hidden and performs the listing. The listing position control section  19  adjusts the position of a folder that has been determined not to be hidden by the folder-to-be-hidden selection section  18  to a position corresponding to its hierarchy, or such that, when the text display direction of the display  21  is horizontal, the lower the hierarchy, the more right the position is. 
         [0039]    The folder listing processing unit  10  including the function blocks as described above can be implemented through the operation according to an operation flow shown in  FIG. 2 , for example. A folder listing process shown in  FIG. 2  starts with selecting in order a folder to be listed (step S 1 ). In this operation, the folder selection section  11  in  FIG. 1 , in the example shown in  FIG. 5 , selects a folder in the order from “ROOT” at the top, unless otherwise specified. 
         [0040]    Next, it is determined whether or not a playable file exists directly under the selected folder (step S 2 ). In this operation, the file-directly-under-folder detection section  12  in  FIG. 1  detects a playable file existing directly under the selected folder, and, when no playable file is detected, it is determined that no playable file exists directly under the selected folder. In the example in  FIG. 2 , if determined in step S 2  that a playable file exists directly under the selected folder, the selected folder is normally listed (step S 6 ). In this operation, when the file-directly-under-folder detection section  12  detects that a playable file exists, the normal mode listing section  16  of the folder listing section  15  in  FIG. 1  performs the normal listing. 
         [0041]    On the other hand, if determined in step S 2  that no playable file exists directly under the selected folder, it is determined whether or not a playable file exists directly under any folder under the selected folder (step S 3 ). In this case, this determination is performed on this folder belonging to the selected folder and any folder in a hierarchy lower than the hierarchy of this folder. In this determination, if a playable file is detected directly under any one folder under the selected folder, the detection operation may be terminated. In this operation, when the file-directly-under-folder detection section  12  in  FIG. 1  detects that no playable file exists, the folder-under-folder detection section  13  detects in order a folder under the selected folder, and the file-directly-under-folder-under-folder detection section  14  detects a playable file, and then, it is detected whether or not no playable file exists directly under any folder under the selected folder. 
         [0042]    If determined in step  3  that a playable file exists directly under any folder under the selected folder, the selected folder is listed in a manner different from that of the normal listing in step S 6  (step S 5 ). In this case, the selected folder is desirably displayed dimly (for example, more dimly than the normal listing) such that a user needs to be somewhat attentive to see. 
         [0043]    For example, when a folder listing with a folder structure that may not be very useful information for the user is performed on a small display area of a car audio apparatus, the different way of folder listing described above can prevent the folder listing for searching folders for a tune from being difficult to see due to the normal listing of an unnecessary folder. In this operation, when the file-directly-under-folder detection section  12  detects no playable file, the listing mode changing section  17  of the folder listing section  15  in  FIG. 1  performs the listing in a manner different from that in which the normal mode listing section  16  performs the listing. 
         [0044]    If determined in step S 3  that no playable file exists directly under any folder under the selected folder, the selected folder is determined to be hidden (step S 4 ). In this operation, when no playable file is detected directly under any folder under the selected folder detected by the folder-under-folder detection section  13  in  FIG. 1 , the folder-to-be-hidden selection section  18  of the folder listing section  15  selects the selected folder. In this case, the selected folder and any folder under the selected folder are selected to be hidden. 
         [0045]    After the listing processes in steps S 4 , S 5  and S 6  in respective modes are performed, the listing is performed with a space for the folder to be hidden closed up in order (step S 7 ) and each folder to be listed is displayed at a position corresponding to the hierarchy of the folder (step S 8 ). Specifically, when a folder that is determined to be hidden in step S 4  exists and a folder that is determined to be listed in step S 5  or S 6  exists, a space for the folder to be hidden is not left blank but is closed up in order and the folder to be listed is displayed in the next listing process. If the text display direction of the display is horizontal, the folder to be listed is displayed at a position corresponding to its hierarchy, or such that, the lower the hierarchy, the more right the position is. 
         [0046]    Then, it is determined whether or not the number of selected folders is equal to the number of folders to be listed on the display (step S 9 ). If the number of selected folders is less than the number of folders to be listed on the display, it is determined that a further folder can be selected to be listed on the display, and the process returns to step Si to repeat the above-described steps. If determined that the number of selected folders is equal to the number of folders to be listed on the display in step S 9 , or, for example, if the display can list six folders, and six folders are listed after the closing up in order, it is determined that no further folder can be selected to be listed on the display, and the process ends (step S 10 ). 
         [0047]    In this process, when the user wants to see a further folder other than folders listed on the display and performs scrolling, in step S 1  again, a folder to be listed by the scrolling is selected and processed in order, and in steps S 5  and S 6 , the folder to be listed is displayed at a given position in the determined display mode. 
         [0048]      FIG. 3  shows a result of a series of processes described above.  FIG. 3(   a ) shows a listing of folders the structure of which is as shown in  FIG. 5  in the conventional listing manner shown in  FIG. 6(   a ). It should be noted that “Folder F” and “Folder G” are not displayed on the display, but are shown for the purpose of reference. On the other hand, according to the invention, first, as shown in  FIG. 3(   b ), the folders are listed depending on the presence of a playable file directly under the selected folder and any folder under the selected folder according to steps S 4  to S 6  in  FIG. 2  and with a space for a folder to be hidden closed up in order in step S 7 . Next, as shown in  FIG. 3(   c ), the folders are displayed at positions corresponding to their hierarchies according to step S 8  in  FIG. 2 . 
         [0049]    As a result of these processes, a final listing is performed as shown in  FIG. 3(   d ). Conventionally, the listing of folders is performed only as shown in  FIG. 6(   a ) or in a hierarchical manner as shown in  FIG. 6(   b ) using a well-known method, whereas the invention provides the listing as shown in  FIG. 4  using the above-described listing method. For example, this listing method allows an apparatus with only a small display area, such as car audio apparatus, to list folders in a very user-friendly manner. With this method, when files stored in a database are files that can be played by an audio apparatus, a desired playable file can be easily searched for. 
         [0050]    Although preferred embodiments have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments of the present invention. Rather, various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as described in the accompanying claims. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the following claims.