Abstract:
A hand-held image capture and communication appliance and method of using same are provided wherein images may be scanned and saved in an internal memory. The appliance includes a processor for manipulating and exhibiting the images on a built-in display screen. Program code stored in the internal memory includes a help utility module that allows the user to obtain information on operating the various features of the appliance. The help utility module includes code segments for displaying a textual dialog and/or an animation that convey information correlated with the help topics. Advantageously, animation can be used to demonstrate features that would be difficult to explain in words or would require a lengthy dialog. For those topics requiring a more extensive textual explanation or if it is desired to combine a textual discussion with an animation, the help utility module includes a code segment for scrolling the display to communicate multiple screens or pages of information to the user.

Description:
CLAIM OF PRIORITY 
     This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 09/130,080, filed on Aug. 7, 1998, Now U.S. Pat. No. 6,549,304 B1, issue date of Apr. 15, 2003, entitled “SCANNING APPLIANCE AND METHOD HAVING USER HELP CAPABILITY,” which is entirely incorporated herein by reference. 
     CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is related to U.S. application entitled “APPLIANCE AND METHOD OF USING SAME HAVING A SEND CAPABILITY FOR STORED DATA” issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,396,518, issued on May 28, 2002, U.S. application entitled “APPLIANCE AND METHOD OF USING SAME FOR CAPTURING IMAGES” issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,446,231, issued on Oct. 15, 2002, U.S. application entitled “APPLIANCE AND METHOD OF USING SAME HAVING A DELETE CAPABILITY FOR SAVED DATA” issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,341,181, issued on Jan. 22, 2002, U.S. application entitled “APPLIANCE AND METHOD OF USING SAME HAVING A CAPABILITY TO GRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATE AND DISASSOCIATE DATA WITH AND FROM ONE ANOTHER” issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,469,689, issued on Oct. 22, 2002, U.S. application entitled “APPLIANCE AND METHOD FOR COMMUNICATING AND VIEWING MULTIPLE CAPTURED IMAGES” issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,611,291, issued on Aug. 26, 2003, U.S. application entitled “APPLIANCE AND METHOD FOR NAVIGATING AMONG MULTIPLE CAPTURED IMAGES AND FUNCTIONAL MENUS” issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,232,973, issued on May 15, 2001, U.S. application entitled “APPLIANCE AND METHOD FOR CAPTURING IMAGES HAVING A USER ERROR INTERFACE” issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,301,020, issued on Oct. 9, 2001, U.S. application entitled “APPLIANCE AND METHOD FOR VIEWING CAPTURED IMAGES” issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,441,927, issued on Aug. 27, 2002, and U.S. application entitled “APPLIANCE AND METHOD FOR MENU NAVIGATION” issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,160,926, issued on Dec. 12, 2000, which are incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates generally to the field of graphical user interfaces, and, more particularly, to a portable hand-held appliance for capturing images through digital scanning that has a graphical user interface for displaying the captured images for user manipulation and processing, and communicating those images to another device or appliance. 
     Intangible information is a vital business asset that can be exploited for competitive advantage if managed properly. In the past fifteen years, improvements in information processing have been achieved primarily from the widespread use of microcomputers in the work place and their application in local and wide area networks. Through such applications as electronic mail (email) and networked access to document storage servers, the electronic communications market has exploded. Nevertheless, business is still far from reaching a “paperless” work place. For example, according to a 1993 report by BIS Strategic Decisions (hereinafter BIS), an information technology consulting firm, more than 90 billion documents were created in 1992 and more than 1 trillion copies of those documents were made. Moreover, BIS estimated that printing and copying expenses average between 6% and 13% of a typical company&#39;s revenue. These statistics illustrate the economic savings available for those businesses that are able to merge paper and technology in a unified information processing strategy. 
     One tool that has proven useful for translating between paper and electronic information is the digital scanner. Scanner-enabled document distribution endows paper-based documents with the speed and convenience of electronic communications. A desktop scanner or network scanner allows business professionals to scan paper-based documents, manage them effectively and distribute them in a timely fashion. Users can share and distribute information easily by scanning directly to their email or personal computer (PC) fax applications. The growing popularity of fax modems and email is driving the acceptance of scanner-enabled document distribution in offices of all sizes. Fax/modem capabilities, which are available with virtually all modern PCs, enable users to send and receive faxes directly from a computer—at their desk or while traveling—and to check email remotely. 
     Nevertheless, while scanners are ideal for users who need to disseminate paper-based information to colleagues through PC facsimile and/or email, traditional flatbed scanners lack the convenience and flexibility that users have become accustomed to through such products as notebook computers and cellular phones. Hand-held scanners are an improvement in this regard; however, they are typically dependent on a host computer for displaying the scanned images and for providing power. U.S. Pat. No. 5,550,938 to Hayakawa et al. (hereinafter Hayakawa) discloses a portable image scanner designed to overcome these disadvantages. Specifically, Hayakawa discloses a hand-held cordless image scanner having a display/control screen, a memory for storing scanned images, a self contained power supply and an interface that allows the scanner to be received by a host computer as a memory card for transferring stored images from the scanner to the computer. While Hayakawa&#39;s scanner is effective in breaking the dependency on a host computer for image display and power, it still has several drawbacks. For example, Hayakawa&#39;s scanner offers no image processing features other than the capabilities of storing or discarding a newly scanned image and reviewing those images that have been stored previously. More advanced image processing would necessarily be done after transfer to a host computer. Moreover, Hayakawa does not offer a graphical user interface (GUI) containing icons and/or animation to assist users in operating their device. Finally, transfer of images is limited to those devices having ports for receiving an external memory card or the capability of reading the scanner memory through a memory card drive. 
     Accordingly, what is sought is a portable, hand-held image capturing device that allows users to process or manipulate captured images in the device and the ability to communicate the images directly to some other unit such as a computer, printer, or facsimile machine. In addition, the image capturing device should provide cordless operation and use a standard interface for transferring images to other devices. A GUI is preferred to assist users, particularly novices, in operating the device. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Certain novel features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description that follows and will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned with the practice of the invention. 
     To achieve the novel features and advantages, the present invention is generally directed to a portable hand-held image capture and communication appliance and method of using same by which images may be captured via capturing means and saved in an internal memory. The appliance includes a processor for manipulating and exhibiting the images on a built-in display screen. Program code stored in the internal memory and executed by the processor includes a help utility module that allows the user to obtain information on operating the various features of the appliance. 
     According to an aspect of the invention, the program code includes a menu/navigation module that provides the user with a list of help topics and processes any user selection thereof. 
     According to another aspect of the invention, the help utility module includes code segments for displaying a textual dialog and still graphics or an animation that convey information correlated with the help topics. Advantageously, animation can be used to demonstrate features that would be difficult to explain in words or would require a lengthy dialog. For those topics requiring a more extensive textual explanation or if it is desired to combine a textual discussion with an animation, the help utility module includes a code segment for scrolling the display to communicate multiple screens or pages of information to the user. The user is informed of this capability through a scroll icon depicted on the display, which, in the preferred embodiment, portrays the navigation buttons on the appliance used to scroll between screens. 
     The appliance according to the present invention has many advantages, a few of which are highlighted hereafter, as examples. 
     One advantage of the invention is that intelligent image processing features, normally reserved for a traditional computer, are provided in a portable, hand-held image capturing appliance. 
     Another advantage of the invention is that a user is provided with helpful instruction on operating the device through a simple menu request without having to consult an external manual. 
     Still another advantage of the invention is that user help for some topics is provided through animation, which conveys an abundance of information for those topics where textual descriptions are less effective. 
     Yet another advantage of the invention is that a GUI is provided that, in conjunction with help utility, allows new users to operate the appliance with minimal training or assistance. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Other features of the present invention will be more readily understood from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1A  is an elevation view of the hand-held image capture and communication appliance according to the present invention, which depicts a side of the unit containing the display screen, operation buttons, and navigation buttons; 
         FIG. 1B  is an elevation view of the appliance of  FIG. 1A  depicting the opposing side to that illustrated in  FIG. 1A , which contains the capture button for performing an image capture; 
         FIG. 1C  is an elevation view of the appliance of  FIGS. 1A and 1B  depicting an end of the unit, which contains the power switch; 
         FIG. 1D  is an elevation view of the appliance of  FIGS. 1A ,  1 B, and  1 C depicting the opposing end to that illustrated in  FIG. 1C , which contains a brightness button for adjusting the visual clarity of the display screen; 
         FIG. 2  is a high-level block diagram of the internal hardware and software architecture of the appliance illustrated in  FIGS. 1A–1D ; 
         FIG. 3  is a high-level state diagram of the application software of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIGS. 4A and 4B  illustrate the tools menus displayed on the display screen of  FIG. 1A ; 
         FIG. 5  illustrates the send menu displayed on the display screen of  FIG. 1A ; 
         FIG. 6  illustrates the delete menu displayed on the display screen of  FIG. 1A ; 
         FIG. 7  illustrates the help menu displayed on the display screen of  FIG. 1A ; 
         FIGS. 8A and 8B  depict memory usage indicator icons on the display screen of  FIG. 1A  that provide a memory utilization report for the appliance; 
         FIG. 8C  illustrates a thumbnail view of a captured image on the display screen of  FIG. 1A ; 
         FIG. 8D  illustrates a zoom view of a captured image on the display screen of  FIG. 1A ; 
         FIGS. 9A ,  9 B, and  9 C collectively illustrate a flow chart describing the operation of the help utility software module of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 10  illustrates a multi-screen help dialog displayed on the display screen of  FIG. 1A ; 
         FIGS. 11A–11D  depict a proper capture path using the appliance of  FIGS. 1A–1D ; 
         FIGS. 12A–12B  depict an improper capture path using the appliance of  FIGS. 1A–1D ; and 
         FIGS. 13A–13B  depict another improper capture path using the appliance of  FIGS. 1A–1D . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, a specific embodiment thereof is shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that there is no intent to limit the invention to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims. 
     Architecture of the Image Capture and Communication Appliance 
     A portable, hand-held, image capture and communication appliance  22  embodying the principles of the present invention is shown in  FIGS. 1A through 1D . Specifically,  FIG. 1A  depicts one side (i.e., front) of appliance  22  where a flat-panel display  24  along with user operation buttons  26 ,  28 ,  32 ,  34 ,  36 ,  38  and user navigation buttons  42 ,  44 ,  46 ,  48  are located. Display  24  is preferably of the flat-panel variety to accommodate the hand size dimensions of appliance  22 . Common types of flat-panel displays suitable for use in the present invention include electroluminescent displays, gas plasma discharge displays, and liquid crystal displays (LCDs). Display  24  is the means by which information, including captured images, text, icons, and animation, is communicated to the user. As used herein, the term “image” encompasses both text (binary) and color, graphic, or grayscale visuals. The user operation buttons comprise an image send or transmit button  26 , an image zoom button  28 , an image rotate button  32 , an image delete button  34 , a help utility button  36  and a tools menu button  38 . Send, zoom, rotate, and delete buttons  26 ,  28 ,  32  and  34  allow the user to electronically manipulate an image or page that has been captured into memory through photoelement array  52 . Note that an image captured in memory is interchangeably referred to herein as a “page” because the image is portrayed in appliance  22  as a physical page of text and/or imagery. Activation of tools button  38  presents the user with a menu that includes possible image operations (e.g., image attachment/grouping, image detachment/ungrouping), changing the mode of appliance  22  (i.e., toggling between text (binary) capture and color, graphic, or grayscale capture modes), calibrating appliance  22 , displaying a screen identifying important specifications such as a model number, hardware or software release number, memory equipage, etc., or other user utilities not deserving of a dedicated external button for activation. Help button  36  provides the user with access to general tutorials, process animations, how-to instructions on the operation of appliance  22 , and context sensitive instruction when help is requested while another operation or menu is active. The navigation buttons include an up button  42 , a down button  44 , a left button  46 , and a right button  48  and are controlled by the user to steer a course through menu items and to view images or pages that have been captured in memory. 
       FIG. 1B  shows the side of appliance  22  opposite that illustrated in  FIG. 1A  (i.e., back). The back side of appliance  22  includes image capture button  54 , which is depressed by a user to capture an image through photoelement array  52  and is released once the image is captured. A power switch  56  is included at one end of appliance  22  as shown in  FIG. 1C  and a brightness control  58  for display  24  is located at the other end of appliance  22  as shown in  FIG. 1D . The positioning of the various buttons, power switch  56 , and brightness control  58  on appliance  22  as shown in  FIGS. 1A through 1D  is merely exemplary and can be modified as needed to satisfy the ergonomic requirements of the targeted user community. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 2 , the internal architecture of appliance  22  will be described hereafter. Appliance  22  includes a processor  62 , which communicates with a memory  64  via address/data bus  66 . Processor  62  can be any commercially available or custom microprocessor suitable for an embedded application. Memory  64  is representative of the overall hierarchy of memory devices containing the software and data used to implement the functionality of appliance  22 . Memory  64  can include, but is not limited to, the following types of devices: cache, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash, SRAM, and DRAM. As shown in  FIG. 2 , memory  64  holds four major categories of software and data used in appliance  22 : the operating system  68 ; the application software  70 ; the I/O device drivers  72 ; and the image data  74  generated for each capture. Operating system  68  should be designed for real time embedded applications and, preferably, is relatively compact to make the most efficient use of memory  64 . One such example of a real time operating system meeting these criteria is the PSOSYSTEM operating system (pSOSystem® or pSOS®) sold by Integrated Systems, Inc., 3260 Jay Street, Santa Clara, Calif. 95054-3309, which is used in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. I/O device drivers  72  include software routines accessed through operating system  66  by application software  70  to communicate with devices such as display  24 , certain memory components  64  and I/O ports such as a serial port or infra red (IR) port for transferring data to another appliance, device or system. The digital representations of the images captured by appliance  22  is denoted by image data  74 . The format used for storing the images should be compatible with application software  70 . One common format used for encoding images is the CCITT standard, which is used in the preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, other public or proprietary standards can be used with equal success. For example, JPEG is a common standard used to encode graphic or color images. Finally, application software  70  comprises the control programs that implement the various features of appliance  22 . Application software  70  and devices drivers  72  are typically written in a high-level programming language such as C or C++ for development convenience. Nevertheless, some drivers or application modules are sometimes written in assembly or machine language to optimize speed, memory usage or layout of the software in memory. In the preferred embodiment, the present invention uses C language to implement most application software  70  and device drivers  72 . Assembly language is used to implement time-critical code segments. 
     Application software  70  can be broken into several modules corresponding to the various features of appliance  22 , as shown in  FIG. 2 . These software modules include an initialization module  76 , a capture page module  78 , a thumbnail view module  82 , a zoom view module  84 , a page rotation module  86 , an attach page module  88 , a detach page module  92 , a delete page module  94 , a send page module  96 , an error utility module  98 , a help utility module  102  and a menu/navigation interface module  104 . A brief overview of each of the aforementioned modules follows hereafter. 
     Initialization module  76  contains the boot software that is invoked when appliance  22  powers up. This module works closely with operating system  68  and device drivers  72  to perform any hardware initialization for processor  62 , memory devices  64 , display  24 , and software initialization for global resources, such as message queues and buffers, system tasks, and memory partitions. Capture page module  78  controls the acquisition of images through photoelement array  52  and their conversion into a suitable format for storage in memory  64 . Thumbnail view module  82  provides the default visual for pages and icons shown on display  24 . For example,  FIGS. 8A and 8B  show a memory usage indicator icon for the cases where memory  64  is empty (i.e., no captured pages in memory) and where memory  64  holds  25  captured pages. In  FIG. 8C , thumbnail view module  82  presents an entire captured page on display  24 . Zoom view module  84  allows the user to magnify a portion of a page as illustrated in  FIG. 8D . Page rotation module  86  allows the user to rotate a page either in thumbnail or zoom view in 90° increments. Attach page module  88  allows the user to logically join pages together to form a group of pages that can be manipulated as an individual unit. Conversely, detach page module  92  allows the user to separate a page or pages from a previously formed group. Delete page module  94  allows the user to purge a page or group of pages from memory  64 . Send page module  96  allows the user to transfer a page or group of pages to another appliance, device or system through the serial or IR communication ports of appliance  22 . Error utility module  98  provides notification to the user when the user attempts an invalid operation. Help utility module  102  provides the user, in real time, with general instructions through text and animation for operating appliance  22  and context sensitive instructions for performing a specific operation. The operation of help utility module  102  will be discussed in detail hereinafter. Lastly, menu/navigation interface module  104  provides the user with graphical menus for performing various operations and processes the user&#39;s response thereto. Moreover, menu/navigation interface module  104  responds to navigation buttons  42 ,  44 ,  46 , and  48  that allow the user to steer a course through the graphical menus and view the stored pages. 
     A high level state diagram for application software  70  is shown in  FIG. 3 . This state diagram is useful for gaining a broad understanding of the operation of application software  70  and its associated software modules. These states are representative of tasks or processes in application software  70  that act on messages from a message queue, which are generated as a result of user interaction with appliance  22  (i.e., activation of buttons). Appliance  22  and application software  70  begin and terminate from the off state  106 , which is controlled by the user through operation of power switch  56 . Off state  106  can clearly be entered from any other state in response to a user turning appliance  22  off through switch  56 . When a user turns switch  56  to the on position, the system will pass through a transient initialization state  108  during which time initialization module  76  is invoked to perform its functions. Once system initialization is complete, the system enters the thumbnail view state  112 , which is the default state for viewing any captured images. From thumbnail view state  112 , the system can transition to any one of several possible states depending on the action by the user. For example, the capture button can be pressed to enter capture state  114  to perform an image capture. After the image is captured, the button is released to return to thumbnail view state  112 . If the user wishes to change the orientation of the captured image, then activation of rotation button  32  will rotate the captured image 90° with each invocation. Moreover, now that an image is captured in memory  64 , a user can obtain a magnified view of a portion of the image or page by pressing zoom button  28  to enter zoom view state  116 . Similar to thumbnail view state  112 , the magnified image can also be rotated through application of rotation button  32 . The system will return to thumbnail view state  112  through operation of zoom button  28 . 
     From thumbnail view state  112  or zoom view state  116 , one of four menu states can be entered depending on the choice made by the user. First, activation of tools button  38  will transition the system into tools menu state  118  where a menu of possible page operations and/or features is exhibited on display  24  as illustrated in  FIGS. 4A and 4B . Second, activation of send button  26  will transition the system into send menu state  122  where a menu of options for transferring a page or group of pages to another appliance, device or system is exhibited on display  24  as illustrated in  FIG. 5 . Third, activation of delete button  34  will transition the system into delete menu state  124  where a menu of options for deleting a page or group of pages from memory  64  is exhibited on display  24  as illustrated in  FIG. 6 . Lastly, activation of help button  36  will transition the system into help menu state  126  where a menu of help topics is exhibited on display  24  as illustrated in  FIG. 7 . Once any of the aforementioned menu states is reached, the user can choose a desired menu option by using navigation buttons  42  and  44  and then validating the choice by pressing a confirmation button. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the confirmation button is simply the button by which the present menu on display is accessed. An icon indicating the appropriate confirmation button is displayed in the lower left hand side of the menus as illustrated in  FIGS. 4 through 7 . Menu states may be exited by simply invoking navigation button  46  to transition to a previous state. 
     An invalid response by the user (i.e., user presses an inactive button) will result in a transition to the default message handler state  128  where the user response is interpreted through the message that was generated internally. Frequently, the invalid response by the user will simply be ignored. Nevertheless, depending on the button that was invoked and the current state of application software  70 , a transition is sometimes made to the error dialog state  132  to notify the user of their error via a message or graphic (e.g., a blinking icon) on display  24 . Alternatively, error dialog state  132  can be entered directly if application software  70  detects an error in the execution of a valid operation. The most common example of this is when the user follows an improper capture path with appliance  22  during the image capture process. 
     The features provided by the help utility module  102  will be described hereafter with frequent reference to (a) the architecture and operation of the application software  70  of  FIG. 2 ; (b) the flow charts of  FIGS. 9A ,  9 B, and  9 C; and (c) the help menu and dialog illustrations of  FIGS. 7 and 11 . 
     Operation of the User Help Feature 
     The help utility feature of appliance  22  (see  FIG. 1A ) is exercised through help button  36 , which displays the help menu illustrated in  FIG. 7 . Thus, as represented by decision diamond  134  in  FIG. 9A , the process begins with menu/navigation interface module  104  (see  FIG. 2 ) processing a message indicating that help button  26  has been activated. Depending on the current state of application software  70 , this response may not be valid as indicated by decision diamond  136 . If help button  36  is not currently active or live, application software  70  will ignore the help request. If, however, help button  36  is active, the process continues by following termination A where the help menu is exhibited on display  24  (see  FIG. 1A ) in step  142  as shown in  FIG. 7 . The first option is highlighted as the default help topic in step  146  as depicted in  FIG. 7 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 7 , six help topics are offered to the user for their review: information on capturing a page, information on sending captured pages to another device or appliance, such as a printer or computer, information on viewing captured pages, information on organizing captured pages into groups; information on deleting captured pages; and information on maintaining appliance  22 . It should be understood that this selection of help topics is used to illustrate a help utility for a capture and communication appliance  22 . Inasmuch as the help utility of the present invention is applicable to alternative devices and appliances that could benefit from a real time, interactive user help capability that provides instruction through both textual dialogs and animation, the content and number of help topics will clearly vary from application to application. 
     The first topic regarding capturing a page with appliance  22  provides a textual description of the scanning process. Moreover, to illustrate the proper technique for executing a successful page or image capture, an instructional animation is also included that demonstrates the preferred capture path and motion. Scenes from this animation are shown in  FIGS. 11A through 11D . Incorrect capture techniques are also demonstrated in the animation for contrast. For example,  FIGS. 12A ,  12 B,  13 A, and  13 B are scenes from animation showing incorrect capture techniques. Specifically,  FIGS. 12A and 12B  illustrate an errant image capture in which the user leaves the target with appliance  22 .  FIGS. 13A and 13B  demonstrate an incorrect capture path in which the user fails to overlap the two paths made across the target page thus failing to capture the entire image. Because a user must be able to successfully capture a page before the other features of appliance  22  can be fully utilized, this topic is chosen as the default in the help menu in the preferred embodiment. 
     The second help topic discusses procedures involved in sending or transmitting a page or group of pages to another device such as a printer or computer. Information on the send menu (see  FIG. 5 ), which is accessed through send button  26 , and the appliance&#39;s communication ports is provided in this help dialog. 
     The third help topic is directed towards information on viewing captured pages both in thumbnail view mode and in zoom view mode. This help topic includes instructions on how to operate navigation buttons  42 ,  44 ,  46 , and  48  to display captured pages on display  24  and the operation of zoom button  28  to review a captured page in greater detail. 
     The fourth help topic provides the user with information on attaching captured images to one another to form a group and on how to detach one or more images from an existing group. The attach and detach features are accessed through the tools menu shown in  FIGS. 4A and 4B . 
     The fifth help topic provides the user with information on deleting a page or group of pages from memory  64 . Use of the delete menu (see  FIG. 6 ), which is accessed through delete button  34  is discussed in this help topic. 
     Finally, the sixth help topic covers general information on maintaining appliance  22  such as a customer support contact number should the user have a question or encounter a problem that they cannot resolve. Other information such as instructions on how to install or recharge the appliance&#39;s battery could also be provided under this help topic. 
     An alternative help topic for appliance  22  is to provide the user with information on how to set the copy mode or capture mode for appliance  26 . In the preferred embodiment, appliance  26  is designed to operate in a normal mode or a picture mode. Normal mode is used for capturing text while picture mode is used for capturing pictures, images, or graphics. Normal mode is much less memory intensive, which allows appliance  26  to hold approximately five times the number of pages that could be held if the pages were captured in picture mode. This help topic provides instructions on how to select the copy or capture mode through the tools menu illustrated in  FIGS. 4A and 4B . 
     The help topics discussed in the foregoing are used in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Nevertheless, alternative and/or additional topics can be used to tailor the help utility to meet the needs of the user community and the addition and changing of product features and functionality. Moreover, in the preferred embodiment, an instructional animation is used only with the help topic directed towards capturing a page. It is envisioned, however, that a skilled programmer or designer may use either a textual dialog, an animation, or both in providing information on any of the identified help topics. The use of animation is particularly useful for those topics or concepts that are difficult to explain in words or would require several screens or pages of text to convey all of the information. In addition to textual dialog and animation, still graphics can also be used to convey instructional information on the various features of appliance  22 . It should also be noted that the number of help topics need not be limited by the space available on display  24 . For example, if the list of help topics needs to overflow to an additional screen(s), an icon representing navigation buttons  42  and  44  (see  FIG. 1A ) can be used as shown in  FIG. 10  that prompts the user to use these buttons to scroll to a previous or following screen for more topics. Finally, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, help is provided to the user through a menu of help topics. Other approaches can be adopted, however, to provide the user with help in operating appliance  22 . For example, help utility module  102  can be designed to cooperate with other application software  70  modules to provide a context sensitive help capability. Specifically, the help dialog or animation displayed by help utility module  102  would be determined by the current state of application software  70 . Thus, if help button  36  is invoked by the user when the send menu is currently on display with the current page highlighted as shown in  FIG. 5 , a dialog and/or animation directed to sending the current page could be displayed on display  24 . Once the user exits the help dialog and/or animation, application software  70  returns to the previous display. The context sensitive help capability could be used in place of or in addition to the menu driven help topic design used in the preferred embodiment. 
     Returning now to  FIG. 9A , the user can choose between the aforementioned help topics using navigation buttons  42  and  44  as indicated by decision diamond  148 . As the user moves between topics, the currently selected option will be highlighted in step  152 . Once a selection is made, the help process continues at termination B. As shown in  FIG. 7 , a topic from the help menu can be confirmed using help button  36  or the menu can be exited through activation of navigation button  46 . Thus, at decision diamond  154 , if the help menu is exited, the help process ends at step  156  by removing the menu from display  24  and returning the display to the previous view (i.e., the view on display prior to invocation of help button  36 ). Otherwise, if a topic is confirmed through invocation of help button  36 , control will be transferred to help utility module  102  at decision diamond  158 . 
     Following termination C in  FIG. 9B , help utility module  102  is designed in the preferred embodiment to integrate animation and text into a single scrolling help topic, which is displayed on display  24  in step  172 . The animations scrolls with the text, but only play when they are completely visible on the screen. Advantageously, by integrating the animation with the text the user can review the entire help topic contents in the same context (i.e., through scrolling), When an animation is partly visible or while the user is scrolling, only frame one of the animation is shown. When the animation is completely visible on display  24 , it will play through once leaving the final scene depicted on the display  24 . Alternatively, the animation could be designed to play continuously in an endless loop. In a third alternative embodiment, an additional button could be added to appliance  22  or one of the existing buttons could be defined to replay an animation that has completed. 
     A determination is made at decision diamond  174  whether the help function for the chosen topic can be displayed on a single screen or if additional screens are also available for display. If the help function consists only of a single screen displayed in step  172 , then appliance  22  will remain in this state until the user exits the help dialog through invocation of navigation button  46 , which is determined at decision diamond  176 . Upon exiting the help dialog, the help process follows termination E to return to the previous view (i.e., the view on display prior to invocation of help button  36 ) in step  168 . 
     The help process continues at termination G from decision diamond  174  if additional text and/or animations are available for display. As shown in  FIG. 10 , a scroll icon comprising two opposing arrows is displayed in step  178  to prompt the user that additional information is available on previous or subsequent screens through operation of navigation buttons  42  and  44 . In the preferred embodiment, the scroll icon is designed to emulate the user interface by which a scroll (i.e., displaying information stored across a plurality of logical screens or pages) is performed, which is through operation of navigation buttons  42  and  44 . Following termination H to decision diamond  182 , a determination is made whether the user has activated navigation button  42  to scroll the display up. If the first page or screen of help information is currently on display at decision diamond  184 , the bottom arrow of the scroll icon is made to blink in step  186  to inform the user that they are currently viewing the first screen of multiple screens or pages of help information. If the first screen of help information is not on display at decision diamond  184 , the help process continues at termination J where the previous screen of text or animation is displayed in step  188 . 
     If navigation button  42  was not invoked at decision diamond  182 , termination I is followed to  FIG. 9C  where a determination is made at decision diamond  192  whether navigation button  44  has been depressed to scroll the display down. Decision diamond  194  and step  196  are analogous to decision diamond  184  and step  186  in  FIG. 9B . If the last page or screen of help information is currently on display at decision diamond  194 , the top arrow of the scroll icon is made to blink in step  196  to inform the user that they are currently viewing the last screen of multiple screens or pages of help information. If the last screen of help information is not on display at decision diamond  194 , the help process continues at termination L where the subsequent screen of text or animation is displayed in step  198 . 
     Finally, if neither navigation button  42  nor  44  was invoked as determined by decision diamonds  182  and  192  respectively, the help process continues at termination K where it is determined at decision diamond  202  whether the help menu has been exited through invocation of navigation button  46 . Upon exiting the help dialog or animation, the help process follows termination E to return to the previous view in step  168  as discussed hereinbefore. Thus, as illustrated in  FIG. 10  through valid button icons, unless an overriding event occurs such as a power off or an activation of image capture button  54  (see  FIG. 1B ), help utility module  102  waits for invocation of one of the scroll navigation buttons  42  and  44  or cancel navigation button  46  as represented by terminations H, I, and K. 
     It is important to emphasize that while the present invention has been illustrated herein with reference to an image capture and communication appliance, the GUI and human-machine interface features of the present invention are applicable to any device appliance, or software program. Examples of such devices include digital cameras, video recording devices (e.g., video stored in digital form), audio recording devices (e.g., audio stored in digital form), portable fax machines, desktop, laptop, and hand-held computing devices, and virtually any software program. Furthermore, it is envisioned that the methods disclosed herein for providing interactive help to a user of an image capture and communication appliance can likewise be used in any device, appliance, or software program that could benefit from a real-time user help capability and possesses the requisite hardware to implement the user interface. 
     Application software  70 , which comprises an ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. In the context of this document, a “computer-readable medium” can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer readable medium can be, for example but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, device, or propagation medium. More specific examples (a nonexhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic), a random access memory (RAM) (magnetic), a read-only memory (ROM) (magnetic), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) (magnetic), an optical fiber (optical), and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM) (optical). Note that the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory. 
     The principles of the present invention have been disclosed herein as embodied in a portable, hand-held image capture and communication appliance that provides the flexibility of traditional hand-held scanners yet offers an array of intelligent features not heretofore known in the art. For example, the capture and communication appliance includes a help capability that provides users with a list of topics on which instruction is provided. Advantageously, user help is provided through both textual dialogs, graphics, and animation. A GUI is also provided that, in conjunction with the help utility, allows even a novice user to successfully operate the appliance with minimal or no outside instruction. It is these intelligent features that place the present invention in a new class of products known as electronic information appliances that merge the functionality of electronic peripheral devices, such as image scanners, with the processing capabilities and graphical interface used in computers. 
     In concluding the detailed description, it should be noted that it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that many variations and modifications can be made to the preferred embodiment without substantially departing from the principles of the present invention. All such variations and modifications are intended to be included herein within the scope of the present invention, as set forth in the following claims.