Abstract:
The present Patent of invention “HELICAL RAMP LIFE-PRESERVER” refers to a model of helical ramp, aimed for collective use, for immediate rescue of lives subjected to a probable fire, to be used in buildings of any height, or in places that cannot be reached by the devices currently in use, such as “Magirus” stairs, or even in those where these devices can reach, but a probable delay to help would put in risk people&#39;s life in an eventual emergency state.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0002]    The present Patent of invention refers to a model of helical ramp, aimed for collective use, for immediate rescue of lives subjected to a probable fire, to be used in buildings of any height, or in places that cannot be reached by the devices currently in use, such as “Magirus” stairs, or even in those where these devices can reach, but a probable delay to help would put in risk people&#39;s life in an eventual emergency state.  
           [0003]    2. Description of Prior Art  
           [0004]    Currently, It happens that in most of the fires in buildings, the probable delay on firemen&#39;s arrival, not caused by them, but because of traffic jam or other difficulties, or of the remoteness of the place, or even because we need more appropriate equipment but usually suffer from low budgeting, facts that concur to negative rescue statistics in great fires, or because stairways in closed spaces, as devices adapted to the rescue, can occasionally be transformed in a snare and in a chimney, being enough only one door left open (even if it has a room before it), for the smoke to penetrate through it and to turn going down impracticable, because of the lack of oxygen and consequent immobility of common people. We have still to take account of handicapped people, old people and also children, or even pet animals (As handicapped people don&#39;t go downstairs, they have only a minimal chance of rescue, nowadays).  
           [0005]    Referring to fire extinguishers, whose maintenance is frequently precarious, they contribute to some bad statistics,, stop working in the moments of larger need, and also sometimes being inadequate for the type of fire.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0006]    The present Patent of invention was developed to preserve life of people and animals that work or lives in buildings, by a model of helical ramp, aimed to collective use, for immediate rescue of lives subjected to a probable fire, to be used in buildings of any height, or in places that cannot be reached by the devices currently in use, such as “Magirus” stairs, or even in those where these devices can reach, but a probable delay to help would put in risk people&#39;s life in an eventual emergency state. The design of this helical ramp aims to help any kind of immediate rescue, filling this gap in the current technique, and to solve the present problems of fire emergency systems, preserving lives, human beings, or animals, giving special attention to these matters. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0007]    [0007]FIG. 1, with a perspective of a building with two ramps;  
         [0008]    [0008]FIG. 2, with the perspective of two ramps and detailing of sections;  
         [0009]    [0009]FIG. 3, with the perspective of a building with one ramp and detailing of an access;  
         [0010]    [0010]FIG. 4, with the perspective of a building with two ramps and detailing of the structure;  
         [0011]    [0011]FIG. 5, with the perspective of a building with two ramps and detailing of the ground landing;  
         [0012]    [0012]FIG. 6, with a perspective of a building with two ramps and detailing of water tubes and water reservoirs;  
         [0013]    [0013]FIG. 7, with water tube and helical ramp detailing;  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 8, with a perspective of the building with one ramp, detailing the accesses; and  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 9, with a perspective of the building with one ramp. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0016]    The “HELICAL RAMP LIFE-PRESERVER” has one or two helical ramps supported by the metallic structure, fixed on the building and supported in soil by two pillars, supported on blocks, that leans on stakes (if necessary), having as access, ramps (FIGS.  1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ) that links both catwalks (FIG. 4—item  4 ), which make part of the building (FIGS.  5 , 6 , 8 , 9 ), that are fed by the cutting-fire doors (FIG. 4—item  1 ), that allow the access to the catwalks or embarking platforms (FIG. 4—item  4 ), protected by a safety metallic body (FIG. 4—item  3 ) and by its metallic or concreted structure (FIGS.  3 , 4 , 8 , 9 ), defined by independent pillars, metallic semi-arches supports and flagstones into the body of the referred building. The helical ramps (FIGS. 1, 5,  6 , 8 , 9 ), get down around the pillars, in straight and curved pieces (FIG. 1, FIGS. 2,3  4 , 5 , 8 , 9 ), allowing a fitting with the small voids of the ramp (FIGS. 2, 3 and  4 ), which links the catwalks (FIGS. 3,4) to the main helical ramps (FIG. 3), allowing one to watch another users&#39; downing, in so aiming to avoid shocks or running over, in such a way to organize the going down. The water that runs through the tubes, irrigates the ramps (FIG. 6—items  1  and  2 ), then people who go down can reach the pool (FIG. 5) placed in a quota determined by the building, coming the water form the reservoirs (FIG. 6), placed on the top of the building. The pool should be placed on a point chosen next to and the emergency exit of the building. The ramps should have safety bars such as balustrade along its course, so avoiding falls as sliding of bodies outside the ramp. When there are not blind walls, it could be automatically extended a curtain of asbestos cement from the top to the bottom of the building of, being its use viable and object of complement of this invention.  
         [0017]    On FIG. 1, there is the building, that should have a wall without windows (when there is not, it is provided the going down of a curtain of asbestos cement or other incombustible material), with cutting-fire doors exits (FIG. 4—item  1 ), on each pavement, which allow the access to the catwalks (FIG. 3—item  2 , FIG. 4 item  2 ), which can be armed or metallic flagstones, or still could be made of any incombustible material, being a in-balance structure, provided of space enough to shelter the inhabitants of one or more pavements (besides the floating population of the building), because each pavement will have its catwalk provided with safe balustrades (see details on FIG. 4—item  3 ), preferably on the side of the building where windows don&#39;t exist, because we should try to avoid that the smoke or the fire, reach this part, which is destined exclusively to the rescue (it could be common to two buildings). In so being, people in danger would run to the cutting-fire doors (FIG. 4 item  1 ) and consequently to the catwalks (FIG. 4 item  2 ), and through them, they would have access to the ramp by an access ramp (FIG. 2—items  4 -A e  4 -B, FIG. 3—item  4  and FIG. 4—item  4 ), which makes the connection between the catwalk and the helical ramp life-preserver (FIG. 2—item  6 , FIG. 3—item  6  e FIG. 4—item  6 ), whose inclination, was and will be calculated in function of the distance between pavements and with enough inclination to allow sliding without problems, by the users and even by objects, or by animals which are intended to save, (it works as a rescue exit (see details of the ramp on FIG. 5—item  7 ), having certainly as priority the human lives and the life of pet animals, whose life have fundamental importance for children. Such way, we intended to assist to a quite including range, with an evident purpose: The RESCUE OF THE LARGEST NUMBER OF PEOPLE Possible! This fact becomes evident, giving the easiness and speed of going down (48 people per minute), so as the easy access, the short maintenance demanded by the assembly (FIG. 1), besides the minimum cost, because it doesn&#39;t have mobile pieces and have little wasting, just like our earlier patent application (the Stairway roll down lifeguard). On the bottom part, the exit, we will have a ramp whose declivity at the end, allows the reduction of the speed and at the end of this ramp, denominated exit (FIG. 5—item  7 ), built in flexible material (it could be made of glass fiber, since when it is been mixed with asbestos cement it becomes incombustible, or even of steel), a sand or water reservoir is provided (FIG. 5—item  8 ), that provides space to avoid people&#39;s, object&#39;s or animal&#39;s accumulation in the end of the ramp, in such a way to avoid obstruction, or to cause damages in any of those elements. In order to decrease the friction between the body and avoiding possible burns in the backs, legs and arms, due to the abrupt slide, the ramp will be wet by a controlled jet (FIG. 6—item  11  and FIG. 7—item  11 ) by the opening of the cutting-fire doors themselves, which will be possible, due to the existence of two complementary water reservoirs (FIG. 6—item  9 ), both exclusively destined to this use. They will be located on the top of the helical stair and dimensioned for this purpose, based on the population of the building, the necessary thickness of water blade, and the estimated speed of flown down, in function of the height and traverse section of the access ramp, that can be in a “U” form, (FIG. 2—item  4 -B) or in a semi-rectangular section (FIG. 2—item  4 -A and FIG. 8—item  4 -A), or even in a tubular form, depending on the local needs and of safety requested in its employment. The materials employed on the “helical ramp life-preserver” (FIG. 1 and  9 ), can be metal, acrylic, polycarbonate, or other material, compatible with the safety and stability requested by the aimed objective. The design should provide the additional conditions of rescue priority, reliability, aesthetics and local governmental rules, firemen&#39;s rules and proceedings of condominium meetings.  
         [0018]    The conscience in going back to the rescue of human lives will provide for the use of this invention most certainly by government organs, by private investors and inhabitants, and certainly it will raise the interest of the insurance companies that will surely save money a lot when supporting this invention.  
         [0019]    “HELICAL RAMP LIFE-PRESERVER”, requested for the rescue of lives in cases of fire in metal, or any other incombustible material not subject to deformation because of the heat. It should assist the going down of people, through the inclination angle among the pavements, as well as to allow the access through concrete or metallic catwalks, protected by body protectors, along its course. The ramp is sustained by a metallic structure or by concrete pillars or metal structures (FIG. 2—item  5  and FIG. 4—item  5 ), by half rings into the central pillars, and on the own wall of the building, or on its structure, although it leans independently due to the pillars, which are made in concrete or metal, which sustain and define the helixes that surround them and go down until the pavement where the water mirror or pool is placed (FIG. 5—item  8 ). The pool allows extinguishing and moisten the bodies in eventual burning, seeking to turn off these effects, to soften the going down and to aid the bodies on its final stopping. It could be accessed by any human being, injured or not, as well as by pet animals and objects. The ramp is irrigated by the water reservoirs placed on the top of the building (FIG. 6—item  9 ), fed by a pumping system with independent generator, or through solar energy system, or just batteries (optional). The helical ramp life preserver, are made of straight and curved modules (FIG. 2—items  4 -A and  4 -B), adapted to the necessary going down inclination, as well as of modules for access (FIG. 3—item- 4 ) between the catwalks (FIG. 3—item  2  and FIG. 4—item  2 ), what allows the access to the cutting-fire doors (FIG. 4—item  1 ), placed preferably on the blind part of the Building.  
         [0020]    These ramps must permit the flowing of water by gravity already mentioned on the text, from the water reservoirs placed on the top of the building (FIG. 6—item  9 ), whose pipes (FIG. 6—item  10  and FIG. 7—item  10 ) run the whole ramp, with irrigation obtained by opening any of the cutting-fire doors, reservoirs that could be controlled by solar energy system or battery, being the objectives of irrigation to decrease friction between the body that goes down and the ramp, to wet its clothes (or the body) and to decrease the heat caused both by the fire and by the friction, the ramps allowing greater safety, avoiding running over and collisions among people, with larger traffic flow, decreasing the building exiting time for its floating or permanent population. The ramp was calculated for a Building of 20 pavements (60,00 m high), with a mean area of 500 m2. It was taken account of 1 person at each 25 m2, being 20 people on each pavement, which multiplied by 20 pavements, results in 400 people, with 20% floating population (typical for apartment buildings), what results in 480 people to be put in safety. The estimated time for a height of 60 m at 12 m/s (an estimated a mean flowing out rate), results in an individual exiting time of 5 seconds without intervals (60/12=5). As the ramp has enough space for 2 people going down at same time, (or 4 people when coupled), in each interval of 1 second, 4 people could go down, what would take 5 seconds to go down. If we divide 480/4 and we multiply to 5, we have the total time spent for the flowing down of the building and of its population, that is of 600 seconds, or 10 minutes.  
         [0021]    Therefore the whole building would be safe in 10 minutes. (In a rough calculation subjected to practical alterations, with time measured by a chronometer and also a function of appropriate training, time to wait, etc., as it is currently made for elevators).