Abstract:
A digital identity device for uniquely identifying legal entities. The digital identity device is used for secure electronic communications.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims benefit under 35 U.S.C. §120 to and is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/208,035 filed on Aug. 11, 2011. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/208,035 claims benefit under 35 U.S.C. §120 to and is a continuation of U.S. Pat. No. 8,020,008 issued on Sep. 13, 2011. U.S. Pat. No. 8,020,008 claims benefit under 35 U.S.C. §120 to and is a continuation of U.S. Pat. No. 7,493,497 issued on Feb. 17, 2009. U.S. Pat. No. 7,493,497 claims the priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/179,989, filed on Feb. 3, 2000. The disclosures of all of the aforementioned patents and applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates generally to the privacy and security of digital information, and in particular to the privacy and security of electronic communication. 
     In electronic communication, the authentication of the parties involved is generally required. Each party should be clearly identifiable and distinguishable. The electronic communication between parties should also be secure. The parties should also be able to grant various levels of permission for access to their respective information. 
     What is needed is a method of identifying microprocessors and using this method of microprocessor identification in a digital identity device for entities to use in electronic communications. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is a microprocessor identity device for use in a digital identity device. The digital identity device will contain identity information that will function with the microprocessor identity device to create a unique digital identity for all individuals or corporations. 
     According to one aspect of the invention, a digital identity device for identifying individuals includes a microprocessor identity device, a digital identity, and means for binding the microprocessor identity device to the digital identity. 
     According to another aspect of the invention, an apparatus for globally registering digital identity devices includes one or more digital identity devices, a database of digital identity device information, and means for communications between the digital identity devices and the database. 
     According to another aspect of the invention, a method of licensing a software program to a computer, the computer having a microprocessor containing identity information about the computer, includes the steps of starting the installation of the software program to the computer, transmitting a license key and the identity information about the computer to a central database, receiving information to bind the license key to the identity information, binding the license key to the identity information in the computer, and completing the installation. 
     According to another aspect of the invention, a method of licensing a software program to a computer, the computer having a microprocessor containing identity information about the computer, includes the steps of receiving a license key and the identity information about the computer into a central database, transferring a status of the license key and the identity information in the central database to the computer, accepting the license key and the identity information, and binding the license key to the identity information in the central database. 
     According to another aspect of the invention, a method of de-licensing a software program to a computer, the computer having a microprocessor containing identity information about the computer, includes starting the de-installation of the software program to the computer, transmitting a license key and the identity information about the computer to a central database, receiving information to unbind the license key to the identity information, unbinding the license key to the identity information in the computer, and completing the reinstallation. 
     According to another aspect of the invention, a method of de-licensing a software program to a computer, the computer having a microprocessor containing identity information about the computer, includes receiving a license key and the identity information about the computer into a central database, transferring a status of the license key and the identity information in the central database to the computer, accepting the license key and the identity information, and unbinding the license key to the identity information in the central database. 
     According to another aspect of the invention, a method of tracking software usage by a computer, the computer having a microprocessor containing identity information about the computer, includes receiving a usage profile from the computer and storing the usage profile in a central database. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic view illustrating an embodiment of a system for a digital identity device. 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic view illustrating an embodiment of the digital identity device of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic view illustrating an alternate embodiment of the digital identity device of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic view illustrating an embodiment of the microprocessor identity device of  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic view of an alternate embodiment of the microprocessor identity device of  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic view of an alternate embodiment of the microprocessor identity device of  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic view of an embodiment of the computer card of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 8  is a schematic view of an alternate embodiment of the computer card of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic view of a system for globally authenticating the digital identity devices. 
         FIG. 10  is a schematic view of a system for communication between one or more of the digital identity devices of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 11A  is a schematic view of a system for licensing software. 
         FIG. 11B  is a schematic view of an alternate system for licensing software. 
         FIG. 12  is a schematic view of a method for licensing software, using the system of  FIG. 11A . 
         FIG. 13  is a schematic view of a method for de-licensing software using the system of  FIG. 11A . 
         FIG. 14  is a schematic view of a method for monitoring software usage using the system of  FIG. 11A . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     To assist in this detailed description a glossary of terms and acronyms follows: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 authentication 
                 the ability of the receiver of a message to 
               
               
                   
                   
                 positively identity the author of the 
               
               
                   
                   
                 message 
               
               
                   
                 digital signature 
                 a digital code that can be attached to 
               
               
                   
                   
                 an 
               
               
                   
                   
                 electronically transmitted message that 
               
               
                   
                   
                 uniquely identifies the sender 
               
               
                   
                 e-mail 
                 electronic mail 
               
               
                   
                 GRID 
                 global registry of digital identity 
               
               
                   
                   
                 devices 
               
               
                   
                 I/O 
                 input/output 
               
               
                   
                 integrity 
                 the guarantee that a message has not 
               
               
                   
                   
                 changed in the process of transmission 
               
               
                   
                 license key 
                 an encrypted code that grants 
               
               
                   
                   
                 permission to use a 
               
               
                   
                   
                 software program on a fixed amount of 
               
               
                   
                   
                 computers 
               
               
                   
                 non-repudiation 
                 the inability of the author of a 
               
               
                   
                   
                 message to deny sending the message 
               
               
                   
                 NVRAM 
                 non-volatile random access memory 
               
               
                   
                 PCI 
                 peripheral component interconnect 
               
               
                   
                 PCMCIA 
                 personal computer memory card international 
               
               
                   
                   
                 association 
               
               
                   
                 PDA 
                 personal digital assistant 
               
               
                   
                 PROM 
                 programmable read-only memory 
               
               
                   
                 RISC 
                 reduced instruction set computer 
               
               
                   
                 UID 
                 universal identity card 
               
               
                   
                 USB 
                 universal serial bus 
               
               
                   
                 VME 
                 VersaModule Eurocard 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , a system  100  for digitally identifying individuals or corporations includes a digital identity device  105  (further illustrated in  FIG. 2 ), a computer card  110 , and a connection  115 . The connection  115  couples the digital identity device  105  to the computer card  110 . 
     The digital identity device  105  contains the identity information of either an individual or a corporation. The digital identity device  105  contains one or more passwords. The passwords are encrypted. 
     The computer card  110  contains the digital identity device  105 . The computer card  110  has input/output capabilities for a connection to a separate computer. The computer card  110  is a computer board. In an alternate embodiment, the computer card  110  is a standard computer card which can be plugged to a computer bus or any computer device with an input/output port. In an alternate embodiment, the computer card  110  displays the identity information within the digital identity device  105 . Some examples of the computer card  110  are a Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) card, a PCI card for a personal computer, an Sbus card for a Sun Microsystems computer, a VME card, a Multibus card or any card that attaches to a Universal Serial Bus (USB), to a FireWire, or to another computer input/output (I/O) port. 
     The connection  115  couples the digital identity device  105  to the computer card  110 . The connection  115  is solder. In an alternate embodiment, the connection  115  is connector pins. The connection  115  depends on the computer card  110  of the system  100 . In an alternate embodiment, the digital identity device  105  is also soldered to other discrete components on a printed circuit of the computer card  110 . 
     In an alternate embodiment, the digital identity device  105  is a Universal Serial Bus (USB) device. The connection  115  couples the digital identity device  105  into the USB port of a separate computer. The computer card  110  is optional. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , the digital identity device  105  includes a microprocessor identity device  205  (further illustrated in  FIG. 4 ), one or more memories  210 , and one or more communication interfaces  215 . The communication interfaces  215  couple the microprocessor identity device  205  to the memories  210 . 
     The microprocessor identity device  205  includes microprocessor identity information  230 . The microprocessor identity information  230  distinguishes the microprocessor identity device  205  from other microprocessors in the world. The microprocessor identity information  230  is unique to the microprocessor identity device  205 . The microprocessor identity information  230  consists of one-hundred-twenty-eight (128) bits of information. The microprocessor identity information  230  is a combination of a six (6) character code of the manufacturer (the company&#39;s stock ticker symbol, if a public company), a three character city airport code of the place of manufacture, a time (consisting of the month, day, year, hour, minute, second, millisecond) of manufacture, and extra bits for encryption purposes. In an alternate embodiment, the microprocessor identity information  230  consists of two-hundred-fifty-six (256) bits of information. In an alternate embodiment, the microprocessor identity information  230  is a mathematically generated number or a series of alphanumeric characters that satisfy certain encryption criteria. In an alternate embodiment, the microprocessor identity information  230  consists of even multiples of the microprocessor identity device  205  register length. 
     The memories  210  are any commercially available memory, such as non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM). The memories  210  are non-volatile when the power to the system  100  is turned off, but are electrically erasable. There is a first memory  210   a  and a second memory  210   b . The first memory  210   a  includes digital identity data  220 . The digital identity data  220  is etched onto the first memory  210   a  using any conventional etching method. The digital identity data  220  is for an individual or a corporation. The digital identity data  220  includes one or more of the following: a name, a digital picture, an address, a date of birth, a social security number, a driver&#39;s license number, a digital photograph, a digital thumb print, a DNA code, one or more credit cards&#39; information, one or more bank accounts&#39; information, an incorporation name, a date and a place of incorporation, one or more corporate officers, one or more corporate partners, or one or more D.B.A. names. 
     The second memory  210   b  includes an operating system  225 . The operating system  225  binds the digital identity data  220  to the microprocessor identity device  205  by encoding the digital identity data  220  with passwords input by an owner of the digital identity device  105 . The digital identity data  220  is encoded by an algorithm that uses the microprocessor identity information  230 . The operating system  225  is secure by using commercially available encryption methods. In an alternate embodiment, the operating system  225  encrypts and stores other types of information in the memories  210 . This information may be, for example, the digital identity device  105  owner&#39;s medical information or the digital identity device  105  owner&#39;s medical history. The operating system  225  also validates one or more passwords of the digital identity device  105 , and one or more external systems  100  which request information from the digital identity device  105 . The operating system  225  also authenticates the digital identity device  105  to the external systems  100 . The operating system  225  also regulates the flow of information to and from the digital identity device  105 . In an alternate embodiment, the operating system  225  is programmed to perform functions within the capabilities of the microprocessor identity device  205  of the digital identity device  105 . 
     The microprocessor identity information  230  is bound to the digital identity data  220  by the operating system  225 . The microprocessor identity information  230  provides a shortcut reference to the digital identity data  220  of the digital identity device  105 . The microprocessor identity information  230  is used in the validation and authentication of external systems  100  to secure the privacy of electronic data exchange and transactions of the system  100 . The microprocessor identity information  230  serves as a surrogate for the digital identity data  220 . The microprocessor identity information  230  tags all electronic transmissions with regard to the microprocessor identity device  205 . 
     The communication interfaces  215  couple the memories  210  to the microprocessor identity device  205 , via one or more printed circuits on the computer card  110 . The communication interfaces  215  include address, data, and control electrical lines. There is a first communication interface  215   a  and a second communication interface  215   b . The first communication interface  215   a  couples the first memory  210   a  to the microprocessor identity device  205 . The second communication interface  215   b  couples the second memory  210   b  to the microprocessor identity device  205 . 
     To extract the identity of the system  100 , an “Identity” or similar instruction is issued to the microprocessor identity device  205 . The microprocessor identity device  205  responds by returning the microprocessor identity information  230 . The microprocessor identity information  230  is returned in two or four registers. The microprocessor identity information  230  is retrieved using a single instruction or command. 
     In an alternate embodiment, the microprocessor identity device  205  is a component of a computer. The microprocessor identity device  205  identifies the computer where it resides. The microprocessor identity device  205  acts as a property tag of the computer. The microprocessor identity device  205  may also act as a property tag for other components of the computer, for example, a hard disk, a zip drive, and a sound card. The content of the components are encrypted with the microprocessor identity information  230 . The integrity of the computer is set up using a security structure defined by the operating system of the computer. The operating system of the computer allows the components of the computer to work together. 
     Referring to  FIG. 3 , in an alternate embodiment, the digital identity device  105  includes the microprocessor identity device  205 , a memory  310 , and a communication interface  215   c . The memory  310  is erasable and non-volatile to store information when the power is off to the system  100 . The memory  310  is any commercially available NVRAM memory. The memory  310  includes the digital identity data  220  and the operating system  225 . The digital identity data  220  is etched onto the memory  310  by an external microprocessor. The communication interface  215   c  electrically couples the memory  310  to the microprocessor identity device  205  through one or more printed circuits, etched on the computer card  110 . 
     In an alternate embodiment, the memory  310  is external to a housing of the microprocessor identity device  205 . The memory  310  is, for example, the Sony memory stick available from Sony, Inc. The contents of the memory  310  are encrypted using the microprocessor identity information  230  as a parameter of encryption. The contents of the memory  310  are secure and can only be read by authorized digital identity devices  105 . 
     In an alternate embodiment, the digital identity device  105  is a single computer chip. The digital identity device  205  houses the microprocessor identity device  205  with the microprocessor identity information  230 . The digital identity device  205  also houses the memory  310  with the digital identity data  220 . The digital identity device  205  also houses the memory  310  with the operating system  225 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 4 , the microprocessor identity device  205  is a microprocessor component  405 . The microprocessor component  405  includes the microprocessor identity information  230 . The microprocessor component  405  is any commercially available microprocessor unit. The microprocessor identity information  230  is etched onto the microprocessor component  405  using any conventional etching method. The microprocessor identity information  230  is etched at the time the microprocessor component  405  is etched. 
     Referring to  FIG. 5 , in an alternate embodiment, the microprocessor identity device  205  includes a microprocessor component  505 , a memory  510 , and one or more communication interfaces  515 . The microprocessor component  505  is any commercially available microprocessor unit, for example, the low power Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) processor available from a variety of U.S. or Japanese manufacturers. 
     The memory  510  is programmable, non-erasable, and read-only. The memory  510  is any commercially available memory, such as Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM). The memory  510  includes the microprocessor identity information  230 . The microprocessor identity information  230  is etched onto the memory  510  using any commercially available PROM programming device. 
     The communication interfaces  515  electrically couple the microprocessor component  505  and the memory  510 . The communication interfaces  515  include address, data, and control electrical lines. 
     Referring to  FIG. 6 , in another alternate embodiment, the microprocessor identity device  205  includes a microprocessor component  605 . The microprocessor component  605  is any commercially available microprocessor unit, for example, such as the StrongARM RISC SA-1110 available from Intel, Inc. The microprocessor component  605  is specially manufactured to further include an on-die PROM memory  610 . The memory  610  includes the microprocessor identity information  230 . The microprocessor identity information  230  is etched onto the memory  610  using any standard means for programming. The microprocessor identity information  230  is etched at the time of manufacturing of the microprocessor component  605 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 7 , in an alternate embodiment, the computer card  110  is a Universal Identity Card (UID)  705 . The UID  705  is the size of a standard credit card. The digital identity device  105  is embedded in the circuitry of the UID  705 . The digital identity device  105  supplies intelligence to the UID  705  via the microprocessor identity device  205 . The UID  705  includes a display area  715 , one or more user keys  720 , and a connector  725 . The display area  715  is an LCD display. The display area  715  includes a graphics area  730  and an alphanumeric area  735 . Current technology allows the display area  715  to display both graphics and alphanumeric data. The display area  715  is used to display, for example, photos, thumb prints, driver&#39;s license information, social security numbers, financial information from banks, and such other data as may be deemed appropriate in the future. The user keys  720  are used to enter information or user options. The information or user options that are entered include, for example, organizer type information such as appointments, phone numbers, and address book information. The connector  725  connects the UID  705  to one or more computers or systems  100 . The connector  725  is a set of fins. In an alternate embodiment, the connector  725  may be pins, sockets, or other suitable connecting means appropriate to the computers or systems  100  it is being connected to. The connector  725  utilizes common connector standards such as PCMCIA, Universal Serial Bus (USB) and RS232. The UID  705  is any card used to access personal computers, ATMs, and other public transaction devices for electronic transactions. The digital identity device  105  validates systems  100  that request information from the UID  705 . The digital identity device  105  stores relevant microprocessor identity information  230  or digital identity data  220  of the systems  100  to validate the systems  100  requests. The digital identity device  105  of the UID  705  also authenticates itself to other systems  100  that request information. 
     In an alternate embodiment, the display area  715  may be touch-sensitive and capable of inputting information, similar to the technology used by the Palm Pilot IIIxe by Palm, Inc. 
     Referring to  FIG. 8 , in an alternate embodiment, the computer card  110  is a Corporate Identity Card  805 . The Corporate Identity Card  805  is any commercially available computer card. The Corporate Identity Card  805  has the digital identity device  105  on-board. The Corporate Identity Card  805  includes a set of electrical fins  815  and a connector  820 . The connector  820  connects the digital identity device  105  to the electrical fins  815 . The electrical fins  815  couple the Corporate Identity Card  805  to a main computer bus. The electrical fins  815  are, for example, fins or other suitable connecting means. In a preferred embodiment, there is a single Corporate Identity Card  805  for a corporation. The Corporate Identity Card  805  validates all digital transactions of the corporation. The Corporate Identity Card  805  authenticates the corporation in all transactions to one or more systems  100 . 
     In an alternate embodiment, the computer card  110  is a computer, such as a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) like the Palm Pilot IIIxe available from Palm, Inc. The computer card  110  hosts the digital identity device  105 . The computer card  110  uses the microprocessor identity device  205  for its computer functions. The digital identity device  105  may be, for example, in the form of a modified FlashCard. The FlashCard may be a form of NVRAM with PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory). 
     In an alternate embodiment, documents in a computer are encrypted using the microprocessor identity information  230  or the digital identity data  220 . Only by using the microprocessor identity information  230  or the digital identity data  220  can the documents be decrypted. This is known as a symmetric cryptographic system. 
     Referring to  FIG. 9 , a system  900  for registering and authenticating digital identities devices  105  include one or more systems  100 , a Global Registry of Digital Identity Devices (GRID)  905 , and one or more communication links  910  to the Internet. 
     The systems  100  include a digital identity device  105 . In a preferred embodiment, there is a first system  100   a  with a first digital identity device  105   a  and a second system  100   b  with a second digital identity device  105   b . The first system  100   a  and the second system  100   b  reside in separate computers. Each system  100  has unique digital identity data  220  and unique microprocessor identity information  230 . 
     The GRID  905  is a computer. The GRID  905  includes a database  915  and a digital identity device  105   c . The database  915  stores microprocessor identity information  230  and digital identity data  220  for all systems  100 . The database  915  is formed by each digital identity device  105  registering with the GRID  905  using the communication links  910  to the Internet. The digital identity device  105   c  verifies and authenticates all communications between the systems  100 . The GRID  905  is the universal keeper of all digital identity devices  105 . If a digital identity device  105  is lost, the information within the digital identity device  105  is secure. Only the registered owner of the digital identity device  105  can extract the information within the digital identity device  105 . Lost digital identity devices  105  are mailed to the administrator of the GRID  905  and are returned to the owner. The GRID  905  has minimal low security information that is not encrypted, such as name and address tied to the external markings of the digital identity devices  105  or to the microprocessor identity devices  205 , to enable this function. 
     The communication links  910  couple the GRID  905  and the systems  100  to the Internet. The communication links  910  are only necessary when there is an exchange of information between the systems  100  and/or the GRID  905 . In a preferred embodiment, the communication links  910  are Internet connections. There is a first communication link  910   a  coupling the first system  100   a  to the Internet, a second communication link  910   b  coupling the second system  100   b  to the Internet, and a third communication link  910   c  coupling the GRID  905  to the Internet. The systems  100  are coupled through the Internet directly. In an alternate embodiment, the systems  100  are coupled to the Internet via computers that host the digital identity devices  105 . 
     Upon acquisition of the systems  100 , the respective owners enter unique digital identity data  220  to the digital identity device  105 . The digital identity data  220  is entered directly onto the digital identity device  105  using the system  100  or by attaching the system  100  to an external computer and using communication links  910 . A user of the system  100  determines the digital identity data  220  necessary to identify the owner of the system  100 . The user of the system  100  also determines levels of security for the system  100 . The system  100  transmits the digital identity data  220  and the microprocessor identity information  230  via the communication links  910  to the GRID  905  via the Internet. An administrator of the GRID  905  verifies the digital identity data  220  provided by the owners of the system  100 . The database  915  stores the digital identity data  220  and the microprocessor identity information  230  of the system  100 . The GRID  905  may be used by the system  100  as a backup to the digital identity data  220  and the microprocessor identity information  230 . This backup is useful for restoring the digital identity information  220  in case of loss of the system  100 , a hard reset, or inadvertent erasure of data. 
     Referring to  FIG. 10 , a system  1000  for transactions between digital identities includes one or more systems  100  and one or more communication links  1005 . There is a first system  100   a  and a second system  100   b  coupled by the communication link  1005 . The communication link  1005  is any communication means, for example, an Internet connection, keycard access, or an ATM digital identity device jack. The digital identity data  220  of the systems  100  include information that are particular to the individuals or corporations involved in the transactions. The individual digital identity devices  105  allows only authorized access to the digital identity data  220  of each system  100 . The authorized access to the digital identity data  220  of each system  100  is relayed to the GRID  905  during set up of the database  915 . The system  100  is used for transactions, such as, Internet retailing, banking, business-to-business, electronic permission, and secure communications. This would be similar to the process of establishing an account with a bank or establishing credit with a financial institution. The digital identity devices  105  contain information for the transactions, for example, bank balances, credit card balances, payments, electronic travelers checks, and security transactions. 
     In an alternate embodiment, the transaction may be electronic communication, for example, e-mail. A digital signature encrypts the e-mail. The digital signature may be the microprocessor identity information  230 . The systems  100  authenticate the e-mail by decrypting the e-mail using the previously stored security access maintained in the GRID  905  or in the digital identity device. 
     Referring to  FIG. 11A , a system  1100  for licensing software includes a first licensee computer  1105   a , a vendor computer  1110 , and a connection  1115 . The connection  1115  couples the licensee computer  1105  to the vendor computer  1110 . The connection  1115  is the Internet. 
     The first licensee computer  1105   a  includes a first microprocessor identity device  205   a  and a digital identity device  105 . The digital identity device  105  includes a second microprocessor identity device  205   b . The microprocessor identity devices  205  include the microprocessor identity information  230  for their respective microprocessor identity devices  205 . 
     The vendor computer  1110  includes a software program  1120  and a software key database  1140 . The software program  1120  is distributed via the Internet. In an alternate embodiment, the software program  1120  is distributed via a CD-ROM or some other media. 
     The software key database  1140  is generated by the vendor computer  1110  and contains one or more license keys  1125  available for installation. Each license key  1125  has a one-to-one relationship with a copy of the software program  1120 . After installation, the license key  1125  binds the microprocessor identity information  230  of the first licensee computer  1105   a  in the software key database  1140 . In an alternate embodiment, the microprocessor identity information  230  is encrypted using an algorithm that uses the license key  1125  in the arguments. 
     The connections  1115  are any data connection used to transfer information between computers, for example, an Internet connection. In an alternate embodiment, the connection  1115  is a high-speed data connection. 
     Referring to  FIG. 11B , in an alternate embodiment, the system  1100  further includes a second licensee computer  1105   b  and an internal network connection  1150 . The second licensee computer  1105   b  includes a third microprocessor identity device  205   c . The second licensee computer  1105   b  is coupled to the first licensee computer  1105   a  by the internal network connection  1150 . 
     In an alternate embodiment, the second licensee computer  1105   b  is directly coupled to the connection  1115 . The second licensee computer  1105   b  operates through a gateway controlled by the first licensee computer  1105   a.    
     Referring to  FIG. 12 , a method  1200  for licensing software includes: in step  1205 , initiating the software installation; in step  1210 , sending information; in step  1215 , verifying the license status; in step  1220 , binding information; and in step  1225 , completing the installation. The method  1200  may be used to license software to a computer, an individual, or a corporation. 
     In step  1205 , the first licensee computer  1105   a  initiates the installation process by downloading the software program  1120  via the connection  1115 . The installation process is automatically initiated by the downloading process. 
     In an alternate embodiment, the first licensee computer  1105   a  initiates the installation process by running a setup program within the software program  1120 . 
     In step  1210 , the first licensee computer  1105   a  sends the microprocessor identity information  230  of the microprocessor identity device  205   a  and the license key  1125  to the vendor computer  1110  via the connection  1115 . The license key  1125  issues to the first licensee computer  1105   a  during step  1205 . The software program  1120  licenses to the first licensee computer  1105   a.    
     In an alternate embodiment, the software license key  1125  issues on the software media or a container for the software media. 
     In an alternate embodiment, the first licensee computer  1105   a  sends the microprocessor identity information  230  of the microprocessor identity device  205   b  and the license key  1125  to the vendor computer  1110  via the connection  1115 . The software program  1120  licenses to the digital identity device  105 . 
     In step  1215 , the vendor computer  1110  verifies the microprocessor identity information  230  from the first licensee computer  1105   a . The vendor computer  1110  confirms the presence of the license key  1125  in the software key database  1140  to determine if the license key  1125  is valid. The vendor computer  1110  further determines if the license key  1125  is already coupled in the software key database  1240 . If coupled, there may be a breach of the licensing agreement. The vendor computer  1110  requests alternate microprocessor identity information  230  from the first licensee computer  1105   a  and establishes multiple links to the license key  1125 . In an alternate embodiment, the vendor computer  1110  halts the method  1200  if the license key  1125  is coupled. In an alternate embodiment, the vendor computer  1110  chooses to halt the method  1200  and take actions outside this automated licensing method  1200 . 
     In step  1220 , the vendor computer  1110  binds the license key  1125  to the microprocessor identity information  230 . The software key database  1140  associates the microprocessor identity information  230  to the license key  1125 . The microprocessor identity device  205   a  is encrypted using the license key  1125 . In an alternate embodiment, the license key  1235  is encrypted using the microprocessor identity device  205   a.    
     In step  1225 , the first licensee computer  1105   a  completes the installation of the software program  1120 . The first licensee computer  1105   a  also stores the bound microprocessor identity information  230  and the license key  1125  from step  1220 . 
     In an alternate embodiment, if the licensee agreement allows, a second licensee computer  1105   b  installs the software program  1120  from the first licensee computer  1105   a  using the method  1200 . The software key database  1140  associates the microprocessor identity information  230  of the microprocessor identity device  205   a ,  205   b , or  205   c  to the license key  1125 . The association of the license, whether to the first licensee computer  1105   a  or the digital identity device  105 , is determined by the licensing terms of the software program  1120 . 
     In an alternate embodiment, the method  1200  applies to other types of intellectual property, such as MP3 music, which runs on computers with microprocessor identity devices  205 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 13 , a method  1300  for de-licensing software includes: in step  1305 , de-installing software; in step  1310 , verifying the license status; in step  1315 , unbinding identity device and software license key; and in step  1320 , completing de-installation. The method  1300  is the logical reverse of the method  1200 . 
     In step  1305 , the first licensee computer  1105   a  starts the de-installation of the software program  1120 . The software program  1120  is de-installed using a standard de-installation program supplied by the vendor. The first licensee computer  1105   a  transmits the license key  1125  and the microprocessor identity information  230  to the vendor computer  1110  via the connection  1115 . 
     In an alternate embodiment, the first licensee computer  1105   a  sends the microprocessor identity information  230  of the microprocessor identity device  205   b  and the license key  1125  to the vendor computer  1110  via the connection  1115 . 
     In an alternate embodiment, the second licensee computer  1105   b  sends the microprocessor identity information  230  of the microprocessor identity device  205   c  and the license key  1125  to the vendor computer  1110  via the first licensee computer  1105   a.    
     In step  1310 , the vendor computer  1110  verifies the binding of the license key  1125  and the microprocessor identity information  230  in the software key database  1140 . If the license key  1125  and the microprocessor identity information  230  do not match the values stored in the software key database  1140 , the vendor computer  1110  halts the method  1300 . In an alternate embodiment, there are other corrective actions the vendor computer  1110  may take to correct an exception to its licensing agreement. 
     In step  1315 , the vendor computer  1110  un-binds the license key  1125  to the microprocessor identity information  230  in the software key database  1140 . The software key database  1140  un-associates the microprocessor identity information  230  to the license key  1125 . The software key database  1140  leaves a blank field for the microprocessor identity information  230 . 
     In step  1320 , the vendor computer  1110  completes the reinstallation process by updating the software key database  1140 . The first licensee computer  1105   a  removes the software program  1120 . 
     In an alternate embodiment, the second licensee computer  1105   b  performs the method  1300  to de-install the software program  1120 . The method  1300  de-installs the software from the second licensee computer  1105   b , but not the first licensee computer  1105   a  (such as in a private network). 
     In a networked environment, the methods  1200  and  1300  are done on an individual computer basis, especially when software resides on the computers in which they are used. 
     Referring to  FIG. 14 , a method  1400  for tracking software usage includes: in step  1405 , starting the software; in step  1410 , creating usage information; and in step  1415 , transmitting the usage information. Tracking software usage determines licensing fees by the vendor computer  1110 . The method  1400  assumes the first licensee computer  1105   a  has already performed the method  1200 . 
     In step  1405 , the first licensee computer  1105   a  starts and uses the software program  1120 . 
     In step  1410 , the software program  1120  creates usage information. The usage information may include, for example, start time, stop time, and users. 
     In an alternate embodiment, the usage information is stored in a file on the first licensee computer  1105   a.    
     In step  1415 , the first licensee computer  1105   a  transmits the usage information to the vendor computer  1110  via the connection  1115 . 
     In an alternate embodiment, the first licensee computer  1105   a  transmits the file of the usage information when the connection  1115  is in place. The first licensee computer  1105   a  further deletes the file after transmission to prevent backlogs of old files. 
     Although illustrative embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, a wide range of modification, changes and substitution is contemplated in the foregoing disclosure. In some instances, some features of the present invention may be employed without a corresponding use of the other features. Accordingly, it is appropriate that the appended claims be construed broadly and in a manner consistent with the scope of the invention.