Abstract:
A new and distinct  Persea americana  variety having strong resistance to  Phytophthora cinnamomi  when used as a rootstock. It is a relatively slow growing rootstock having a heavy yield, appearing to have a high yield/canopy volume ratio. ‘Steddom’ has a small degree of salt tolerance and appears to be an all-around, excellent rootstock with small stature and low vigor, making it desirable for high density or hedge-row avocado plantings.

Description:
LATIN NAME OF THE GENUS AND SPECIES 
       [0001]    The avocado cultivar of this invention is botanically identified as  Persea Americana  Mill. 
       VARIETY DENOMINATION 
       [0002]    The variety denomination is ‘Steddom’ 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    Avocado root rot is the limiting factor for the growth of avocados throughout the world. Avocado root rot is caused by the fungus  Phytophthora cinnamomi , which attacks and kills the feeder roots of avocado trees. The resultant lack of roots causes the tree to eventually die from water stress. There are a number of varieties of rootstocks that have some tolerance to the disease. These varieties included ‘Duke 7’ (unpatented), the most commonly planted tolerant rootstock in the world; and ‘Thomas’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,628), another root rot tolerant rootstock. However, even with these rootstocks, growers must still use a variety of methods, including mounding, mulching and the applications of chemical fungicides, to keep the tress from dying in many soils. More resistant rootstocks are necessary to eliminate avocado root rot as a major disease threat. 
       Screening and Greenhouse Evaluation of Rootstocks 
       [0004]    ‘Steddom’ was identified and characterized using the following screening protocol. As it is difficult to breed avocados because only one in approximately one thousand flowers actually set fruit, plant breeding blocks of avocados were isolated to prevent out-crossing with susceptible rootstocks. The breeding blocks were made up of various combinations of selected rootstocks including, ‘Thomas’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,628), ‘Barr Duke’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,627), ‘G6’, ‘Duke 7’, ‘Duke 9’, ‘UC 2001’, ‘UC 2011’, ‘Toro Canyon’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,642), ‘Spencer’, ‘CR1-71’, ‘G 810’, ‘G 875’, ‘G 755A’, ‘VC 256’, and ‘Steyemarkii’. In order to synchronize blooming, attempts were made to girdle late-blooming varieties and spray early-blooming varieties with the pesticide Unicona-zole-P. 
         [0005]    Initial screening was carried out by germinating seeds, which were harvested from the breeding blocks, in flats of vermiculite in the greenhouse.  Phytophthora cinnamomi -infested millet was placed in rows along with the young roots of the test seedlings. After 8-10 weeks roots were evaluated and those with a high percentage of surviving roots were transplanted to soil mix incorporated with  P. cinnamomi -infested millet. Rootstocks that survived this test were planted and grown in  P. cinnamomi -infested soils. Survivors were examined more carefully for various types of resistance using clonally propagated material. 
         [0006]    a. Root survival—Rootstocks were grown in typical California avocado soils, inoculated with  P. cinnamomi  and evaluated for growth, root length and percent healthy roots. 
         [0007]    b. Root regeneration—Rootstocks were grown in soil inoculated with  P. cinnamomi , treated with Aliette to halt  Phytophthora  root rot and evaluated for root regeneration. 
         [0008]    c. Attraction to  P. cinnamomi —Roots of the rootstocks were placed in water baths with motile zoospores of  P. cinnamomi . The numbers of spores attracted to the roots were evaluated. 
         [0009]    Rootstocks that performed well in the screening and greenhouse evaluations were further tested under field conditions. 
       Selection of ‘Steddom’ 
       [0010]    ‘Steddom’ was developed at Riverside, Calif. The maternal parent is ‘Toro Canyon’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,642) avocado variety. The pollen parent is unknown. Specifically, the ‘Steddom’ rootstock variety was selected in 1994 from an agricultural operations land located Riverside, Calif. The fruit were collected from the avocado breeding blocks, the seed removed, and planted in vermiculite. The seeds were grown in a greenhouse. The plants were inoculated with the fungus  Phytophthora cinnamomi . After showing tolerance to the disease, ‘Steddom’ was selected as a single plant for further testing. Budwood was collected from the plants and grafted to the stumps of adult avocado trees that had been cut down at Irvine Calif. The new varieties grew into trees which provided budwood for further testing. At least two ‘mother’ trees of the variety are growing in Irvine Calif., along with the germplasm. During screening and evaluation, ‘Steddom’, which was selected and originally designated ‘PP24’, distinguished itself from other varieties by having a high tolerance against  Phytophthora  root rot. The properties of ‘Steddom’ were found to be true to type and transmissible by asexual reproduction. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0011]    This invention relates to a new and distinct avocado variety. ‘Steddom’ is an avocado tree having a rootstock that has a high tolerance against  Phytophthora  root rot. It is a relatively slow growing rootstock and that yields heavily, so it appears to have a high yield/canopy volume ratio. ‘Steddom’ has a small degree of salt tolerance and appears to be an all-around, excellent rootstock with small stature and low vigor. For these reasons it may be an excellent choice for high density or hedge-row avocado plantings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0012]      FIG. 1  illustrates a eight-year-old top-worked tree of the ‘Steddom’ variety while growing in Irvine, Calif. 
           [0013]      FIG. 2  illustrates typical mature foliage of the ‘Steddom’ variety with dimensions in centimeters shown at the bottom. 
           [0014]      FIG. 3  illustrates typical flush foliage of the ‘Steddom’ variety with dimensions in centimeters shown at the bottom. 
           [0015]      FIG. 4A  illustrates typical inflorescence with dimensions in centimeters shown at the right and  FIG. 4B  illustrates typical inflorescence by itself. 
           [0016]      FIG. 5  illustrates a typical external view of the fruit of the ‘Steddom’ variety, with dimensions in centimeters shown at the bottom. 
           [0017]      FIG. 6  illustrates typical internal views of the fruit of the ‘Steddom’ variety, with and without the seed. Dimensions in centimeters are shown at the bottom. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0018]    The following is a detailed description of the new ‘Steddom’ variety, which was taken from an approximately eight-year-old mature tree, with the exception as a rootstock for a specific scion when reference is made to root rot resistance and salinity tolerance. The tree is located in a experimental orchard in Irvine, Calif. and is grafted on a  Persea americana  seedling used as a rootstock. 
         [0019]    The Royal Horticulture Society (R.H.S.) color numbering system is used herein for the color description of the rind, seed, bark, leaf, flower, flesh color and other interest of the ‘Steddom’ avocado tree.
   Trees, foliage, and flowers:   Tree:
             Growth habit .—vigorous and upright when compared to the root stock ‘Thomas’.     Vigor .—below are data on the vigor of ‘Hass’ grafted onto the rootstock ‘Steddom’ ,as determined by trunk diameter measurements from trees planted in an orchard with  Phytophthora cinnamomi  in Escondido Calif.       
       
 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Trunk diameter (cm) 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Rootstock 
                 year 1 
                 year 2 
                 year 3 
                 year 4 
                 year 5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 PP #24. 
                 2.37 
                 3.98 
                 7.07 
                 8.60 
                 11.23 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 2.44 
                 4.29 
                 6.75 
                 8.40 
                 10.84 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 * Malone ranch, Escondido Ca., with Hass scion 
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Canopy volume (cubic feet) 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Rootstock 
                 year 1 
                 year 2 
                 year 3 
                 year 4 
                 year 5 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 PP #24. 
                 14.00 
                 100.40 
                 376.1 
                 478. 
                 1257 
               
               
                   
                 Thomas 
                 13.56 
                  84.48 
                 388.5 
                 367. 
                 1076 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 *Malone ranch, Escondido Ca., with Hass scion 
               
             
          
         
       
       
         
           
             
               
                   Size .—medium. The typical canopy size of a three year old top-worked ‘Thomas’ is 388 cu.ft. By comparison the canopy size of a three year old top-worked ‘Steddom’ is 376 cu. ft. 
               
             
           
         
         Branch:
             Color .—the color of the one year old branch is yellow-green (RHS 144C).     Smoothness .—the bark of a one year old branch is smooth.     Lenticels .—the lenticles of a one year old branch are conspicuous.       
     
         Main stem:
             Color .—brown (RHS N 200D and 197A).     Texture of bark .—corky.       
     
         Young shoot (flush):
             Intensity of anthocyanin coloration .—weak.     Color .—yellow-green (RHS 145C).     Conspicuousness of lenticles .—medium.     Color of lenticels .—red-purple (RHS 61A).     Size of lenticels.— 1.0-3.0 mm long.     Concentration of lenticels.—+/− 24 lenticels per square cm.     Color of upper side .—yellow-green (RHS 146A).     Glossiness of upper side .—medium.     Color of lower surface .—green (RHS 139D).       
     
         Mature leaf:
             Length.— 18.0 cm.     Width.— 7.0 cm.     Ratio length/width.— 2.6.     Shape .—lanceolate.     Color of upper side .—green (RHS 143A).     Color of lower side .—green (RHS 145B).     Glossiness of upper side .—medium.     Prominence of veins on lower side .—prominent and in relief.     Color of veins .—yellow-green (RHS 151A).     General shape and cross-section .—asymmetrically folded.     Reflexing of apex .—present.     Color of petiole .—yellow-green (RHS 144A).     Anise aroma .—present.     Margin .—leaf margin is very weak.     Leaf apex shape .—acuminate.     Leaf base shape .—lanceolate.     Length of leaf petiole .—approximately 4.5 cm.     Leaf arrangement .—upright.       
     
         Flower:
             Bud size .—approximately 5 mm in length and approximately 3 mm in diameter.     Bud shape .—ovoid.     Bud color .—yellow-green (RHS 152C).     Opening .—belongs to group “A”, male opening (i.e. with mature stamens) occurs in the afternoon, the flower closes over night, and female opening (i.e. with mature pistil) occurs the next morning; the flower&#39;s opening cycle lasts 20-24 hours.     Petals .—borne in two whorls of three perianth lobes. The petals possess entire margins and petal coloration is near yellow-green (RHS 150B).     Stamen .—there are commonly nine fertile stamens with each having two basal orange nectar glands and three stainodia. The anthers are tetrathecal.     Pistil .—the single pistil with a slender style and small stigmatic surface has one carpel with one ovule. The ovary is superior.     Pedicel .—commonly approximately 7 mm in length and approximately 1.8 mm in diameter. The coloration is near yellow-green (RHS 151A)     Number of flowers on inflorescence .—approximately 185-205 flowers per inflorescence.     Fragrance .—absent.     Bloom .—bloom period at Riverside, Calif. experiment station varies with cultural conditions. On average ‘Steddom’ has been found to bloom from 1st of February through 20th of March.       
     
         Fruit, fruit and production characteristics: 
         Fruit:
             Length.— 9.7 cm.     Width.— 5.4 cm.     Ratio length/width.— 1.8.     Shape .—pointed.     Color of skin  ( when ripe ).—green (RHS 141B).     Texture of skin .—smooth.     Presence of longitudinal ridges .—absent.     Thickness of skin .—thin.     Adherence of skin to flesh .—medium.     Main color of flesh .—yellow-green (RHS 154D).     Color of intensely colored area of flesh next to skin .—green (RHS 141C).     Width of intensely colored area next to skin.— 3.0 mm.     Conspicuousness of fibers in flesh .—inconspicuous.       
     
         Seed:
             Length.— 4.5 cm.     Width.— 4.0 cm.     Shape  ( in longitudinal section ).—ovate.     Shape  ( in cross section ).—circular.     Color of seed coat  ( fresh ).—grayed-yellow (RHS 162B).     Time of harvesting .—‘Steddom’ fruits ripen in September (in Riverside Calif.).     Resistance to pests .—Strong resistance to  Phytophthora cinnamomi.        Tolerance to salinity .—moderate.     Market use .—the fruit of ‘Steddom’ are not intended for market use, but rather the variety is used as a rootstock onto which commercial varieties, such as ‘Hass’ are grafted.       
     
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Steddom Rootstock Trials  
               
               
                 as of 2004 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 San Diego County 
                 Santa Barbara County 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Powell Ranch, Plot 3 
                 Tajiquas Ranch 
               
               
                   
                 Malone Ranch, Plot 1 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Malone Ranch, Plot 2 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Mallano Ranch, Plot 2 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Weaver Ranch 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Snyder Ranch 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Markle Ranch 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Beckstead 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Ventura County 
                 San Luis Obispo County 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 San Ron Ranch 
                 Staller Ranch 
               
               
                   
                 Smith Ranch, Santa Paula  
                 Cal Poly 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Summary of the performance of the Steddom avocado rootstock in 
               
               
                 Phytophthora-infested soil 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Trials with 
                 Yield 
                 Actual yield 
                 Rated 
               
               
                   
                 Health ranking/# 
                 health rating 
                 ranking/# 
                 ranking/# 
                 higher than 
               
               
                   
                 rootstocks in 
                 below 1.5 1   
                 rootstocks in 
                 rootstocks in 
                 Thomas 2   
               
               
                 Rootstock trial 
                 trial (1 is best) 
                 (0-5; 5 = dead) 
                 trial (1 is best) 
                 trial (1 is best) 
                 (control) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 San Diego Co. 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Powell Ranch, #3 
                 1/4 
                 + 
                 1/4 
                 None 
                 + 
               
               
                 Malone Ranch, #1 
                  8/15 
                 + 
                  1/15 
                 6/15 
                 + 
               
               
                 Malone Ranch, #2 
                  5/13 
                 + 
                 None 
                 None 
                 + 
               
               
                 Mellano Ranch, #2 
                 1/4 
                 + 
                 1/4 
                 None 
                 + 
               
               
                 Weaver Ranch 
                  7/10 
                 + 
                  3/10 
                 None 
                 + 
               
               
                 Snyder Ranch 
                 1/3 
                 + 
                 1/3 
                 None 
                 + 
               
               
                 Ventura Co. 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 San Ron Ranch 
                  3/12 
                 + 
                  3/12 
                 None 
                 + 
               
               
                 Smith Ranch, S.P. 
                  9/10 
                 + 
                  2/10 
                 None 
                 - 
               
               
                 Santa Barbara Co. 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Tajiquas Ranch 
                  3/10 
                 + 
                  3/10 
                 None 
                 + 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   1 1.5 health rating is the value that we would assign to trees not meeting grower approval under field condtions. 
               
               
                   2 Thomas is considered the best commercial avocado rootstock for planting in Phytophthora-infested soil. 
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 5 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Rootstock rating at San Ron Ranch, Santana,  
               
               
                 Ventura County, August 2001 1   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Tree rating 
                 Canopy 
                 Trunk  
                 No.  
               
               
                   
                   
                 (0-5;  
                 volume  
                 diameter 
                 trees  
               
               
                   
                 Rootstock 
                 5 = dead) 
                 (cu ft) 
                 (cm) 
                 dead 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Steddom 
                 0.80 a 
                 13.89 a 
                 1.92 a 
                 1 
               
               
                   
                 Merensky II 
                 0.90 a 
                 15.10 a 
                 1.48 a 
                 1 
               
               
                   
                 Uzi 
                 0.90 a 
                 16.92 a 
                 2.02 a 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 Zentmyer 
                 1.05 a 
                 16.48 a 
                 2.05 a 
                 1 
               
               
                   
                 G755A (Brokaw) 
                 1.65 a 
                  5.55 a 
                 1.62 a 
                 1 
               
               
                   
                 Medina 
                 1.90 a 
                 12.66 a 
                 1.70 a 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 Berg 
                 2.20 a 
                 13.80 a 
                 1.29 a 
                 4 
               
               
                   
                 McKee 
                 2.35 a 
                  9.05 a 
                 1.52 a 
                 1 
               
               
                   
                 Duke 7 
                 2.50 a 
                 11.40 a 
                 1.24 a 
                 4 
               
               
                   
                 Thomas 
                 2.65 a 
                 10.22 a 
                 1.15 a 
                 4 
               
               
                   
                 G755 A (C&amp;M) 
                 2.75 a 
                 11.66 a 
                 1.49 a 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 UC 2023 
                 3.00 a 
                  6.21 a 
                 1.25 a 
                 3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   1 Mean values in each column followed by identical letters are not statistically different according to Waller&#39;s k-ratio t test. 
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 6 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Rootstock rating at San Ron Ranch, Santana, Ventura County, November 2002. 
               
               
                 Two-year trial to-date. 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Tree rating 
                 Canopy 
                 Trunk 
                 Fruit rating 
                 Tip burn 
                 Canker 
                 No.  
               
               
                   
                 (0-5; 
                 volume 
                 diameter 
                 (0-5; 
                 rating 
                 rating 
                 trees 
               
               
                 Rootstock 
                 5 = dead) 
                 (cu ft) 
                 (cm) 
                 5 = heavy) 
                 (0-5) 
                 (0-5) 
                 dead 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Merensky II 
                 0.17 d 
                 72.27 abc 
                 3.49 ab 
                 0.78 bcd 
                 0.00 a 
                 0.33 a 
                 0/9 
               
               
                 Uzi 
                 0.50 cd 
                 69.64 abcd 
                 3.64 a 
                 2.50 a 
                 0.33 a 
                 0.00 a 
                 1/10 
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 1.00 bcd 
                 67.95 abcd 
                 2.94 abc 
                 1.70 abc 
                 0.25 a 
                 0.00 a 
                 2/10 
               
               
                 Medina 
                 1.06 bcd 
                 79.89 ab 
                 3.26 ab 
                 0.00 d 
                 0.75 a 
                 0.00 a 
                 1/9 
               
               
                 Zentmyer 
                 1.50 bcd 
                 81.44 a 
                 3.19 ab 
                 0.60 bcd 
                 0.38 a 
                 0.63 a 
                 1/10 
               
               
                 Duke 7 
                 1.67 bcd 
                 32.48 abcde 
                 2.31 abcd 
                 1.11 abcd 
                 0.38 a 
                 0.38 a 
                 3/9 
               
               
                 Berg 
                 1.72 bcd 
                 46.57 abcde 
                 2.21 abcd 
                 2.00 ab 
                 0.17 a 
                 0.83 a 
                 3/9 
               
               
                 McKee 
                 1.78 abcd 
                 30.92 bcde 
                 2.24 abcd 
                 0.22 cd 
                 0.43 a 
                 0.29 a 
                 2/10 
               
               
                 G755A 
                 2.30 abcd 
                 19.98 de 
                 1.90 bcd 
                 0.10 d 
                 0.29 a 
                 0.14 a 
                 3/10 
               
               
                 (Brokaw) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 2.60 abc 
                 31.50 bcde 
                 2.02 abcd 
                 0.30 cd 
                 0.17 a 
                 1.00 a 
                 4/10 
               
               
                 UC 2023 
                 2.95 ab 
                 25.50 cde 
                 1.41 cd 
                 0.20 d 
                 0.00 a 
                 0.00 a 
                 5/10 
               
               
                 G755A (C&amp;M) 
                 4.00 a 
                 15.71 e 
                 0.82 d 
                 0.00 d. 
                 — 
                 — 
                 8/10 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 7 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Powell Ranch Rootstock Trial, plot 3. Tree rating August 2001 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Tree rating  
                 Canopy  
                 Trunk diameter  
               
               
                   
                 Rootstock 
                 (0-5; 5 = dead) 
                 volume (cu ft) 
                 (cm) 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Thomas 
                 0.00 a 
                 2.00 a 
                 22.91 a 
               
               
                   
                 Parida 
                 0.12 a 
                 1.08 b 
                 15.77 b 
               
               
                   
                 Steddom 
                 0.24 a 
                 0.95 b 
                 16.82 b 
               
               
                   
                 Spencer 
                 0.50 a 
                 1.84 a 
                 24.53 a 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   1 Mean values in each column followed by identical letters are not statistically different according to Waller&#39;s k-ratio t test. 
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 8 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Powell Ranch Plot #4 tree rating, July 2001 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Tree rating 
                 Canopy volume 
                 Trunk diameter 
               
               
                   
                 Rootstock 
                 (0-5; 5--dead) 
                 (cu ft) 
                 (cm) 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Steddom 
                 0.28 b 
                 43.22 ab 
                 2.96 a 
               
               
                   
                 Thomas 
                 0.45 b 
                 56.76 a 
                 3.59 a 
               
               
                   
                 Spencer 
                 1.33 ab 
                 38.58 ab 
                 2.78 ab 
               
               
                   
                 Parida 
                 2.11 a 
                 21.42 b 
                 1.73 b 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   1 Mean values in each column followed by identical letters are not statistically different according to Waller&#39;s k-ratio t test. 
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 9 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Powell Ranch Rootstock Trial, Plot 3. Tree rating, September 2002 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Tree rating 
                   
                   
                 Fruit rating 
                 Salt rating  
                 Canker rating 
                 No. 
               
               
                   
                 (0-5;5 = 
                 Trunk 
                 Canopy 
                 (0-5; 
                 (0-5; 
                 (0-5;5 = 
                 trees 
               
               
                 Rootstocks 
                 dead) 
                 diam (cm) 
                 vol (cu ft) 
                 5-heavy) 
                 5 = severe) 
                 severe) 
                 dead 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 0.28 c 
                 5.58 a 
                 197.9 a 
                 1.56 a 
                 0.18 c 
                 0.00 a 
                 1/18 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 0.64 bc 
                 6.55 a 
                 277.6 a 
                 0.73 ab 
                 1.05 a 
                 0.00 a 
                 1/11 
               
               
                 Spencer 
                 2.06 ab 
                 3.31 b 
                 105.6 b 
                 0.33 b 
                 0.38 bc 
                 0.00 a 
                 6/18 
               
               
                 Parida 
                 2.39 a 
                 3.44 b 
                 102.4 b 
                 0.11 b 
                 0.73 ab 
                 0.62 a 
                 6/18 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 10 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Powell Ranch Rootstock Trial, Plot 3. Tree rating, August 2003. Four- ear trial 
               
               
                 to-date 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Tree rating 
                   
                   
                 Fruit rating 
                 Salt rating 
                 Canker 
                 Dead 
               
               
                   
                 (0-5; 
                 Trunk 
                 Canopy 
                 (0-5; 
                 (0-5; 
                 rating 0-5; 
                 trees 
               
               
                 Rootstocks 
                 5 = dead) 
                 diam (cm) 
                 vol (cu ft) 
                 5-heavy) 
                 5 = severe) 
                 5 = severe 
                 (%) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 0.11 b 
                 7.79 a 
                 419.72 a 
                 1.14 a 
                 0.39 b 
                 0.00 a 
                  0 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 0.82 b 
                 7.38 a 
                 417.59 a 
                 0.45 ab 
                 2.05 a 
                 0.00 a 
                  9 
               
               
                 Spencer 
                 2.39 a 
                 3.72 b 
                 200.02 b 
                 0.17 b 
                 0.55 b 
                 0.71 a 
                 41 
               
               
                 Parida 
                 2.61 a 
                 3.94 b 
                 186.14 b 
                 0.11 b 
                 0.28 b 
                 0.40 a 
                 44 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 11 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Tajiquas Ranch {Leo Curillo) rootstock rating, December 2003. Three-year 
               
               
                 trial to-date 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Tree rating 
                 Canopy 
                 Trunk 
                 Fruit rating 
                 Salt rating 
                 Canker 
                   
               
               
                   
                 (0-5; 
                 vol 
                 diam 
                 (0-5;5- 
                 (0-5; 
                 rating (0- 
                 No. trees 
               
               
                 Rootstocks 
                 5 = dead) 
                 (cu ft) 
                 (cm) 
                 heavy) 
                 5 = severe) 
                 5;5-severe)  
                 dead (%) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Zentmyer 
                 0.313d 
                 48.0ab 
                 6.45a 
                 1.75abc 
                 0.00a 
                 0.00a 
                  0 
               
               
                 Merensky II 
                 0.556cd 
                 71.6a 
                 6.49a 
                 2.67a 
                 0.00a 
                 0.00a 
                  0 
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 0.677bcd 
                 47.2ab 
                 5.18ab 
                 2.00ab 
                 0.00a 
                 0.06a 
                  6 
               
               
                 Parida 
                 1.147abcd 
                 50.6ab 
                 4.91ab 
                 1.53abcd 
                 0.00a 
                 0.07a 
                 18 
               
               
                 Evstro 
                 1.353abcd 
                 49.6ab 
                 5.55ab 
                 2.29ab 
                 0.00a 
                 0.06a 
                  0 
               
               
                 Merensky I 
                 1.441abcd 
                 48.6ab 
                 5.01ab 
                 1.41bcd 
                 0.00a 
                 0.06a 
                 18 
               
               
                 Guillemet 
                 1.588abc 
                 39.6b 
                 4.58b 
                 0.41d 
                 0.00a 
                 0.08a 
                 22 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 1.875ab 
                 43.4ab 
                 4.45b 
                 0.72cd 
                 0.00a 
                 0.08a 
                 29 
               
               
                 UC 2023 
                 2.188a 
                 27.2b 
                 4.07b 
                 0.31d 
                 0.08a 
                 0.00a 
                 19 
               
               
                 VC 207 
                 2.382a 
                 32.4b 
                 3.79b 
                 1.12bcd 
                 0.00a 
                 0.00a 
                 35 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Mean values in each column followed by identical letters are not statistically different according to Waller&#39;s k-ratio t test. 
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 12 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Rootstock ratings of avocado trees planted in root rot soil at Malone Ranch 
               
               
                 Plot 1, Escondido, July 2002 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Tree rating 
                 Canopy 
                 Trunk 
                 Fruit set  
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 0-5;5 = 
                 volume 
                 diameter 
                 rating 0- 
                 Tip Burn 
                 Cankers 
                 Dead 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Rootstocks 
                 dead 
                 Cu ft 
                 Cm 
                 5;5 = heavy 
                 Number trees affected 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Zentmyer 
                 0.00c 
                 397.4abc 
                 7.12bcd 
                 1.53cd 
                 0 
                 0 
                  0/15 
               
               
                 Rio Frio 
                 0.00c 
                 313.5cdef 
                 6.33cdef 
                 2.13bcd 
                 0 
                 0 
                  0/16 
               
               
                 Merens I 
                 0.00c 
                 543.6a 
                 8.74a 
                 3.50a 
                 0 
                 0 
                  0/14 
               
               
                 Merensk II 
                 0.02c 
                 409.0abc 
                 7.81abc 
                 2.84ab 
                 0 
                 1 
                  0/17 
               
               
                 VC 241 
                 0.06c 
                 238.4defg 
                 6.19defg 
                 1.41cd 
                 0 
                 0 
                  0/16 
               
               
                 Uzi 
                 0.29bc 
                 504.3ab 
                 8.57ab 
                 2.76ab 
                 2 
                 0 
                  1/17 
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 0.36bc 
                 376.1bcde 
                 7.07bcd 
                 2.43bc 
                 0 
                 0 
                  1/14 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 0.44bc 
                 388.5bcd 
                 6.75cde 
                 1.12de 
                 0 
                 0 
                  1/17 
               
               
                 Guillemet 
                 0.59bc 
                 192.0fgh 
                 4.90fgh 
                 1.12de 
                 3 
                 1 
                  2/17 
               
               
                 Spencer sdlg 
                 0.63bc 
                 225.8efg 
                 5.24efgh 
                 1.56cd 
                 0 
                 0 
                  2/16 
               
               
                 Leo 
                 0.67bc 
                 288.2cdef 
                 5.89defgh 
                 1.60cd 
                 0 
                 0 
                  2/15 
               
               
                 Spencer clonal 
                 0.69bc 
                 163.8fgh 
                 4.65gh 
                 1.54cd 
                 0 
                 0 
                  5/16 
               
               
                 Duke 7 
                 1.00b 
                 129.3gh 
                 4.38h 
                 1.47cd 
                 0 
                 0 
                  3/15 
               
               
                 G755A 
                 0.16b 
                 294.1cdef 
                 5.86defgh 
                 1.56cd 
                 2 
                 1 
                  3/16 
               
               
                 PolyN 
                 4.12a 
                  65.6h 
                 1.26i 
                 0.24e 
                 0 
                 0 
                 14/17 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 13 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Malone Field 1 rootstock trial tree ratio April 2003 1 . Four-year trial to-date 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Canopy 
                   
                   
                 Canker 
                   
                 Dead 
               
               
                   
                 Tree rating 
                 volume 
                 Trunk diam. 
                   
                 (0-5; 
                 Fruit 
                 trees 
               
               
                 Rootstock 
                 (0-5;5 = dead) 
                 (cu ft) 
                 (cm) 
                 Salt 
                 5 = heavy) 
                 rating 2   
                 (%) 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 MerenI 
                 0.00d 
                 551ab 
                 10.7a 
                 0.08cd 
                   0a 
                 2.97abc 
                 0 
               
               
                 VC241 
                 0.06d 
                 281efgh 
                  8.0abc 
                 0.03cd 
                   0a 
                 3.41ab 
                 0 
               
               
                 Rio Frio 
                 0.07d 
                 362efcd 
                  8.7abc 
                 0.00d 
                   0a 
                 3.73a 
                 0 
               
               
                 Zentmyer 
                 0.07d 
                 410bcde 
                  9.2ab 
                 0.32bc 
                   0a 
                 3.71a 
                 0 
               
               
                 MerenII 
                 0.18d 
                 532abc 
                  9.4ab 
                 0.21dc 
                 0.1a 
                 2.97abc 
                 0 
               
               
                 Spen sdlg 
                 0.36d 
                 263efgh 
                  6.9bc 
                 0.00d 
                   0a 
                 3.57ab 
                 7 
               
               
                 Uzi 
                 0.38d 
                 669a 
                 10.6a 
                 0.68a 
                   0a 
                 3.47ab 
                 6 
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 0.39d 
                 478bcd 
                  8.6abc 
                 0.32bc 
                   0a 
                 3.75a 
                 7 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 0.47cd 
                 367cdef 
                  8.4abc 
                 0.62ab 
                   0a 
                 3.53ab 
                 6 
               
               
                 Leo 
                 0.77cbd 
                 274efgh 
                  7.3abc 
                 0.13cd 
                   0a 
                 3.29ab 
                 13 
               
               
                 Guillemet 
                 0.83cbd 
                 190ghi 
                  6.2bc 
                 0.13cd 
                   0a 
                 2.90abc 
                 13 
               
               
                 Duke7 
                 1.34cb 
                 127hi 
                  8.8abc 
                 0.16cd 
                   0a 
                 1.53de 
                 19 
               
               
                 Spen cl 
                 1.44b 
                 211fghi 
                  5.3c 
                 0.12cd 
                   0a 
                 2.35bcd 
                 23 
               
               
                 G755A 
                 1.69b 
                 322defg 
                  7.0bc 
                 0.25cd 
                   0a 
                 1.78cd 
                 25 
               
               
                 PolyN 
                 4.15a 
                  77i 
                  1.5d 
                 0.06cd 
                   0a 
                 0.29e 
                 82 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   1 Mean values in each column followed by identical letters are not statistically different according to Waller&#39;s k-ratio t test. 
               
               
                   2 Fruit was rated in November 2003. 
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 14 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Malone Ranch Plot 1, Temecula, yield 2003  1;2 . 
               
               
                 Four year trial to-date. 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Fruit weight/ 
                 Number  
                 Fruit 
               
               
                   
                 Rootstock 
                 tree (kg) 
                 fruit/tree 
                 weight (kg) 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Zentmyer 
                 15.89a 
                 68.64a 
                 0.219a 
               
               
                   
                 Uzi 
                 13.99ab 
                 59.24ab 
                 0.195ab 
               
               
                   
                 Spencer seedling 
                 12.52ab 
                 56.27ab 
                 0.181ab 
               
               
                   
                 Merensky II 
                 11.83ab 
                 51.12ab 
                 0.185ab 
               
               
                   
                 Rio Frio 
                 10.87abc 
                 51.33ab 
                 0.187ab 
               
               
                   
                 Steddom 
                 10.01abc 
                 46.20abc 
                 0.175abc 
               
               
                   
                 Thomas 
                  8.50abcd 
                 40.12abcd 
                 0.154abc 
               
               
                   
                 G755A 
                  8.08abcd 
                 34.56abcd 
                 0.116bc 
               
               
                   
                 VC241 
                  7.44bcd 
                 31.75bcd 
                 0.202ab 
               
               
                   
                 Guillemet 
                  7.42bcd 
                 30.00bcd 
                 0.196ab 
               
               
                   
                 Spencer clonal 
                  6.99bcd 
                 32.00bcd 
                 0.136abc 
               
               
                   
                 Merensky I 
                  6.95bcd 
                 32.08bcd 
                 0.148abc 
               
               
                   
                 Leo 
                  6.53bcd 
                 28.14bcd 
                 0.140abc 
               
               
                   
                 Duke 7 
                  3.33cd 
                 14.81cd 
                 0.138abc 
               
               
                   
                 PolyN 
                  1.72d 
                  5.71d 
                 0.076c 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   1  Mean values in each column followed by identical letters are not statistically different according to Waller&#39;s k-ratio t test. 
               
               
                   
                   2  Only fruit which were grade size were picked; remaining fruit on trees to be picked later. 
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 15 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Mellano Ranch rootstock trial #2, tree rating February 2002 1   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Tree rating  
                 Fruit set  
                 Canopy 
                 Trunk  
                 No.  
               
               
                   
                 (0-5; 
                 rating (0-5; 
                 volume 
                 diameter 
                 trees 
               
               
                 Rootstocks 
                 5 = dead) 
                 5 = heavy) 
                 (cu ft) 
                 (cm) 
                 dead 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Parida 
                 1.00 b 
                 0.00 a 
                 13.63 a 
                 2.37 a 
                 0 
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 1.30 b 
                 0.10 a 
                 18.46 a 
                 2.54 a 
                 0 
               
               
                 Afek 
                 1.50 ab 
                 0.00 a 
                 21.16 a 
                 2.59 a 
                 0 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 2.13 a 
                 0.05 a 
                 15.90 a 
                 2.41 a 
                 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   1 Mean values in each column followed by identical letters are not statistically different according to Waller&#39;s k-ratio t test 
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 16 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Meilano Plot #2 tree rating, March 2003  1 . Two-year trial to-date. 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Tree rating 
                 Canopy  
                 Trunk 
                 Salt tip 
                 Canker 
                 Dead  
               
               
                   
                 (0-5; = 
                 vol 
                 diam 
                 0-5;5 = 
                 (0-5;5 = 
                 trees 
               
               
                 Rootstock 
                 dead) 
                 (cu ft) 
                 (cm) 
                 severe) 
                 severe 
                 (%) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 0.92 a 
                 61.93 a 
                 4.25 ab 
                 0.61 b 
                 0.00 a 
                  5 
               
               
                 Afek 
                 1.08 a 
                 72.04 a 
                 4.85 a 
                 1.50 a 
                 0.33 a 
                  0 
               
               
                 Parida 
                 1.30 a 
                 44.31 a 
                 3.91 ab 
                 0.47 b 
                 0.44 a 
                 10 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 1.95 a 
                 39.86 a 
                 3.43 b 
                 1.85 a 
                 0.47 a 
                 15 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   1  Mean values in each column followed by identical letters are not statistically different according to Waller&#39;s k-ratio t test 
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 17 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Malone II, Escondido, Tree ratings, July 2002 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Tree rating 
                 Canopy  
                 Trunk 
                 No. 
                 No. trees 
                   
               
               
                   
                 (0-5; 
                 vol. 
                 diam 
                 trees 
                 w/tip 
                 No. trees 
               
               
                 Rootstock 
                 5 = dead) 
                 (cu ft) 
                 (cm) 
                 Dead 
                 burn 
                 w/canker 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Uzi 
                 0.039 b 
                 34.69 a 
                 2.43 a 
                 0 
                 6 
                 0 
               
               
                 Guillemet 
                 0.042 b 
                 22.86 a 
                 2.06 a 
                 0 
                 4 
                 0 
               
               
                 Zentmyer 
                 0.077 b 
                 22.40 a 
                 2.25 a 
                 0 
                 2 
                 0 
               
               
                 Spencer sdlg 
                 0.536 b 
                 27.81 a 
                 2.01 a 
                 0 
                 2 
                 1 
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 0.615 b 
                 18.93 a 
                 1.99 a 
                 1 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Berg 
                 0.714 b 
                 21.42 a 
                 1.98 a 
                 0 
                 1 
                 2 
               
               
                 Merensky II 
                 0.750 b 
                 32.07 a 
                 2.10 a 
                 2 
                 0 
                 1 
               
               
                 Elinor 
                 0.786 b 
                 29.44 a 
                 2.03 a 
                 1 
                 0 
                 2 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 0.846 b 
                 23.07 a 
                 1.85 a 
                 1 
                 2 
                 0 
               
               
                 Pond 
                  1.00 ab 
                 30.55 a 
                 2.15 a 
                 1 
                 0 
                 2 
               
               
                 Crowley 
                 1.083 ab 
                 23.78 a 
                 1.86 a 
                 2 
                 1 
                 0 
               
               
                 G755A 
                 1.231 ab 
                 22.64 a 
                 1.85 a 
                 2 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Duke 9 
                 2.270 a 
                  9.40 a 
                 1.07 b 
                 5 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 There were significant differences at P = 0.01 between blocks for all tree parameters analyzed. 
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 18 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Malone H, tree ratings, April 2003. Two-year trial to-date. 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Tree 
                   
                   
                 Fruit  
                 Salt 
                 Canker 
                   
               
               
                   
                 rating 
                 Canopy 
                 Trunk 
                 rating 
                 rating 
                 rating 
                   
               
               
                   
                 (0-5;5 = 
                 vol 
                 diam 
                 (0-5; 
                 (0-5; 
                 (0-5;5 = 
                 No. trees 
               
               
                 Rootstock 
                 dead) 
                 (cu ft) 
                 (cm) 
                 5 = heavy) 
                 5 = severe) 
                 severe)  
                 Dead (%) 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Uzi 
                 0.267 c 
                 88.76 a 
                 4.193 a 
                 0.0 a 
                 0.933 ab 
                 0.000 a 
                 0 
               
               
                 Berg 
                 0.531 c 
                 44.16 a 
                 2.956 bc 
                 0.0 a 
                 0.633 abcd 
                 0.000 a 
                 6 
               
               
                 Zentmyer 
                 0.600 c 
                 54.37 a 
                 3.393 ab 
                 0.0 a 
                 1.000 a 
                 0.000 a 
                 7 
               
               
                 Merensky II 
                 0.833 bc 
                 68.49 a 
                 3.333 ab 
                 0.0 a 
                 0.154 cd 
                 0.308 a 
                 13 
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 0.867 bc 
                 56.42 a 
                 3.127 ab 
                 0.0 a 
                 0.321 bcd 
                 0.286 a 
                 7 
               
               
                 Pond 
                 0.906 bc 
                 55.05 a 
                 3.188 ab 
                 0.0 a 
                 0.767 abc 
                 0.200 a 
                 6 
               
               
                 Spenser sdlg 
                 0.906 bc 
                 51.45 a 
                 2.988 bc 
                 0.0 a 
                 0.300 bcd 
                 0.200 a 
                 6 
               
               
                 Crowley 
                 0.964 bc 
                 42.05 a 
                 3.021 bc 
                 0.0 a 
                 0.083 d 
                 0.000 a 
                 14 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 1.071 bc 
                 49.99 a 
                 2.900 bc 
                 0.0 a 
                 0.731 abc 
                 0.000 a 
                 0 
               
               
                 Guillemet 
                 0.167 abc 
                 43.64 a 
                 2.960 bc 
                 0.1 a 
                 0.615 abcd 
                 0.133 a 
                 13 
               
               
                 Elinor 
                 1.393 abc 
                 58.40 a 
                 2.864 bc 
                 0.0 a 
                 0.333 bcd 
                 0.167 a 
                 14 
               
               
                 G755A 
                 2.156 ab 
                 44.21 a 
                 2.819 bc 
                 0.0 a 
                 0.846 ab 
                 0.077 a 
                 13 
               
               
                 Duke 9 
                 2.577 a 
                 32.16 a 
                 1.885 c 
                 0.0 a 
                 0.313 bcd 
                 0.500 a 
                 38 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 19 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Smith Ranch, Santa Paula, rootstock rating, December 2002 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Tree rating 
                   
                   
                   
                 Salt burn 
                   
                 Trees 
               
               
                   
                 (0-5;5 = 
                 Canopy vol 
                 Trunk diam 
                 Fruit 
                 (0-5; 
                   
                 dead 
               
               
                 Rootstock 
                 dead) 
                 (cu ft) 
                 (cm) 
                 set  
                 5-heavy) 
                 Cankers 
                 (%) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 McKee 
                 0.00 b 
                 51.41 a 
                 3.45 bc 
                 0.00 a 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Merensky II 
                 0.00 b 
                 53.45 a 
                 3.66 ab 
                 0.00 a 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Pond 
                 0.00 b 
                 55.08 a 
                 3.69 a 
                 0.00 a 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Guillemet 
                 0.00 b 
                 37.98 b 
                 2.71 f 
                 0.00 a 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Zentmyer 
                 0.00 b 
                 51.92 a 
                 3.38 cd 
                 0.00 a 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 0.00 b 
                 36.66 b 
                 3.15 de 
                 0.00 a 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Crowley 
                 0.03 b 
                 34.91 b 
                 3.17 d 
                 0.05 a 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Duke 9 
                 0.05 b 
                 31.93 b 
                 2.93 ef 
                 0.00 a 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 0.27 a 
                 37.14 b 
                 2.75 f 
                 0.00 a 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Mean values in each column followed by identical letters are not statistically different according to Waller&#39;s k-ratio. 
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 20 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Smith Ranch, Santa Paula, rootstock rating, December 2003. Two-year trial 
               
               
                 to-date 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Tree rating 
                   
                   
                   
                 Salt burn 
                   
                 Trees 
               
               
                   
                 (0-5;5 = 
                 Canopy vol 
                 Trunk diam 
                 Fruit 
                 (0-5; 
                   
                 dead 
               
               
                 Rootstock 
                 dead) 
                 (cu ft) 
                 (cm) 
                 set 
                 5-heavy) 
                 Cankers 
                 (%) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 McKee 
                 0.025b 
                 184.1b 
                 5.88bc 
                 1.90ab 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Merensky II 
                 0.000b 
                 246.8a 
                 6.18abc 
                 2.60a 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Pond 
                 0.000b 
                 192.0b 
                 6.24ab 
                 0.00d 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Guillemet 
                 0.000b 
                 118.8cd 
                 5.38de 
                 0.00d 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Zentmyer 
                 0.026b 
                 182.8b 
                 6.41a 
                 1.32bc 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 0.237a 
                 174.9b 
                 5.72cd 
                 0.47cd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Crowley 
                 0.150ab 
                 124.7c 
                 5.42de 
                 2.15ab 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Duke 9 
                 0.053ab 
                 132.6c 
                 5.19e 
                 1.89ab 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 0.083ab 
                  86.3d 
                 5.00e 
                 2.00ab 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Mean values in each column followed by identical letters are not statistically different according to Waller&#39;s k-ratio t test. 
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 21 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Weaver Ranch, Temecula rootstock ratings, Sept 2002 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Tree rating 
                 Canopy 
                 Trunk 
                 Fruit  
                 Salt damage 
                 Cankers 
                 No. 
               
               
                   
                 (0-5; 
                 vol. 
                 diam 
                 rating (0-5; 
                 (0-5; 5 = 
                 (0-5; 
                 trees 
               
               
                 Rootstock 
                 5 = dead) 
                 (cu ft) 
                 (cm) 
                 5 = heavy) 
                 heavy) 
                 5 = heavy) 
                 dead 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Zentmyer 
                 0.400 c 
                 40.70 ab 
                 2.79 a 
                 0.00 b 
                 1.50 ab 
                 0.00 a 
                 0/15 
               
               
                 Crowley 
                 0.618 c 
                 40.38 ab 
                 2.86 a 
                 0.00 b 
                 1.34 b 
                 0.00 a 
                 1/17 
               
               
                 Elinor 
                 0.824 c 
                 40.52 ab 
                 2.54 a 
                 0.00 b 
                 1.59 ab 
                 0.00 a 
                 1/17 
               
               
                 Guillemet 
                 0.882 bc 
                 39.13 ab 
                 2.42 a 
                 0.00 b 
                 1.41 b 
                 0.00 a 
                 2/17 
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 0.969 bc 
                 29.20 bc 
                 2.13 ab 
                 1.16 a 
                 1.54 ab 
                 0.50 a 
                 2/16 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 0.969 bc 
                 31.46 bc 
                 2.13 ab 
                 0.00 b 
                 1.50 ab 
                 0.00 a 
                 3/16 
               
               
                 Pond 
                 1.088 bc 
                 54.08 a 
                 2.78 a 
                 0.00 b 
                 1.40 b 
                 0.00 a 
                 2/17 
               
               
                 Uzi 
                 1.188 bc 
                 35.08 ab 
                 2.56 a 
                 0.00 b 
                 1.64 ab 
                 0.00 a 
                 2/16 
               
               
                 G755A 
                 2.088 ab 
                 37.85 ab 
                 2.41 a 
                 0.00 b 
                 2.50 ab 
                 0.36 a 
                 4/17 
               
               
                 Spencer sdlg 
                 2.906 a 
                 11.96 c 
                 1.39 b 
                 0.00 b 
                 2.63 a 
                 0.00 a 
                 4/16 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 22 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Weaver Ranch, Temecula, rootstock ratings, December 2003. Two-year trial 
               
               
                 to-date 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Tree rating 
                 Canopy 
                 Trunk 
                 Fruit rating 
                 Salt damage 
                 Cankers 
                 Trees 
               
               
                   
                 (0-5; 
                 vol 
                 diam 
                 (0-5; 
                 (0-5; 
                 (0-5; 
                 dead 
               
               
                 Rootstock 
                 5 = dead) 
                 (cu ft) 
                 (cm) 
                 5 = heavy) 
                 5 = heavy) 
                 5 = heavy) 
                 (%) 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Zentmyer 
                 0.313c 
                 207.27a 
                 6.23a 
                 2.063a 
                 1.188ab 
                 0.000a 
                 0 
               
               
                 Pond 
                 0.906c 
                 307.04a 
                 5.75a 
                 1.813a 
                 0.321cd 
                 0.000a 
                 13 
               
               
                 Elinor 
                 0.912c 
                 170.37a 
                 4.80a. 
                 1.059a 
                 0.469cd 
                 0.000a 
                 6 
               
               
                 Guillemet 
                 1.059c 
                 199.37a 
                 5.73a 
                 0.882a 
                 0.893abc 
                 0.000a 
                 18 
               
               
                 Uzi 
                 1.094bc 
                 206.04a 
                 4.35a 
                 0.813a 
                 0.769abcd 
                 0.000a 
                 19 
               
               
                 Crowley 
                 1.250bc 
                 144.14a 
                 5.04a 
                 1.438a 
                 0.731abcd 
                 0.000a 
                 19 
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 1.281bc 
                 254.94a 
                 4.89a 
                 1.188a 
                 0.167d 
                 0.000a 
                 25 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 1.313bc 
                 226.39a 
                 5.16a 
                 1.375a 
                 1.308a 
                 0.000a 
                 19 
               
               
                 G755A 
                 2.438ab 
                 175.55a 
                 5.23a 
                 0.625a 
                 1.167ab 
                 0.000a 
                 25 
               
               
                 Spencer sdlg 
                  2.813a 
                  42.12a 
                 2.26a 
                 0.519a 
                 0.500bcd 
                 0.000a 
                 44 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 23 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Snyder Ranch, rootstock rating, December 2003. On-Year trial to-date 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Tree rating 
                 Trunk 
                 Canopy 
                 Fruit rating 
                 Salt ratin 
                 Canker 
                 No. trees 
               
               
                   
                 (0-5; 
                 diam 
                 vol  
                 (0-5; 
                 (0-5; 
                 rating (0- 
                 dead 
               
               
                 Rootstocks 
                 5 = dead) 
                 (cm) 
                 (cu ft) 
                 5-heavy) 
                 5 = severe) 
                 5;5 = severe) 
                 (%) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Steddom 
                 0.050b 
                 3.171a 
                 47.54a 
                 1.353a 
                 0.088a 
                 0.000a 
                  0 
               
               
                 VC801 
                 1.750a 
                 2.628a 
                 38.08a 
                 0.556a 
                 0.000a 
                 0.000a 
                 38 
               
               
                 Thomas 
                 2.688a 
                 1.800b 
                 17.35b 
                 0.063a 
                 0.100a 
                 0.000a 
                 11 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Mean values in each column followed by identical letters are not statistically different according to Waller&#39;s k-ratio t test.