Abstract:
A lighter includes a device generating a flame whereof one part called actuator is mobile along a longitudinal axis between a neutral position, wherein the device cannot generate a flame, and an active position, wherein the device can generate a flame, and a safety mechanism mobile between a locked position, wherein the safety mechanism locks the actuator in its neutral position and a released position allowing the actuator to move toward its active position. The safety mechanism includes a safety member having a part which, when the safety mechanism is in the locked position, is inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the actuator in the direction thereof so as to be arranged against a stop and, when the safety mechanism is in released position, is arranged facing a housing.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention relates to a lighter comprising a flame generation device whereof an actuator portion is mobile along a longitudinal axis between a rest position, wherein the device cannot generate a flame, and an active position wherein the device can generate a flame, and a safety mechanism mobile between a locked position wherein the safety mechanism blocks the actuator in its rest position and an unlocked position enabling the actuator to move towards its active position. 
     In this type of lighter, a safety mechanism is present to prevent unintended persons, such as children, from using the lighter and igniting a flame, thereby risking injury to themselves or to other persons. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART 
     A lighter of the type described above wherein the safety mechanism is a safety member having a downwardly directed vertical portion and cooperating with a vertical abutment joined to the lighter when the safety mechanism is in its locked position, is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,145,358. 
     To go from the locked position to the unlocked position when the lighter is placed in a vertical position, the user must cause horizontal movement of the safety member, thereby separating it from the abutment, and at the end of its movement, must depress the actuator vertically to initiate the phenomenon of flame generation. 
     A lighter comprising a flame generation device and a safety mechanism is also known from U.S. Pat. No. 5,833,448. 
     The flame generation device comprises an actuator portion which is mobile between a rest position wherein the device cannot generate a flame and an active position wherein the device can generate a flame. 
     The safety mechanism of this lighter is an integral part of the actuator and has a projecting portion which cooperates with an abutment of the lighter in order to block the actuator when it is subjected to a typical force which any user employs to operate the lighter. 
     This force is aligned with an axis corresponding to that of the actuator. 
     The teaching of this patent indicates that to release the actuator, it must be tilted rearward and hence, simultaneously, the safety mechanism attached thereto, in order to separate the projecting portion of the safety mechanism from the abutment of the lighter. 
     An axial thrust force must then be applied in a known manner to the actuator to operate the lighter. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In the view of the documents cited above, the present invention seeks to find a new lighter striking a good compromise between its user-friendliness for a normal user and its difficulty of use by an unauthorized user. 
     The present invention therefore proposes a lighter comprising a flame generation device whereof an actuator portion is mobile along a longitudinal axis between a rest position, wherein the device cannot generate a flame, and an active position, wherein the device can generate a flame and, a safety mechanism mobile between a locked position wherein the safety mechanism blocks the actuator in its rest position and an unlocked position enabling the actuator to move toward its active position, wherein the safety mechanism comprising a safety member having an active portion which, in the locked position of the safety mechanism, is tilted towards the actuator with respect to the longitudinal axis ZZ′ of the actuator so as to be disposed against an abutment and, in the unlocked position of the safety mechanism, is disposed facing a housing. 
     The present invention hence proposes a lighter safety mechanism of a novel design which provides increased safety with respect to an unauthorized user of the lighter. 
     The lighter safety mechanism according to the invention offers the advantage of being simpler to implement than that of the lighter described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,833,448 because it only provides for the pivoting motion solely of the safety mechanism about the actuator, and not the tilting movement of the entire actuator, as in the patent cited. 
     According to a preferred feature of the invention, to change position, the active portion of the safety member pivots with respect to the actuator while moving away from it. 
     Thus the movement to perform the unlocking of the safety mechanism is particularly simple to implement for the authorized user of the lighter knowing how to use it. 
     According to one feature of the invention, the safety member comprises a bearing portion which is adapted, under the action of a first force, to make a pivoting motion towards one end of the actuator to which a second force is applied to displace the actuator from its rest position towards its active position, the bearing portion being arranged at the level of the end of the actuator. 
     Thus, when the safety mechanism has been displaced from its locked position to its unlocked position by applying the first force, the bearing portion being disposed at the level of the end of the actuator, the user then merely needs to apply the second force naturally to the end of the actuator to displace it from its rest position to its active position. 
     At the end of the pivoting motion, when the safety mechanism is in the unlocked position, the first force is applied to the bearing portion in a direction forming an angle less than 90° with another direction along which the second force is applied to the end of the actuator. 
     Thus, at the end of the unlocking movement of the safety mechanism, the force applied by the user to terminate this movement is not, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,145,358, perpendicular to the other direction along which the second force is applied to the end of the actuator to conventionally operate the lighter, but, on the contrary, makes an angle less than 90° with it, thereby facilitating the coordination of the two movements and naturally guiding the user in the second movement. 
     Furthermore, it should be noted that the pivoting motion of the safety member proposed according to the invention is more difficult to achieve for an unauthorized user of the lighter, such as a child, than a simple translation motion, as provided in the lighter of U.S. Pat. No. 5,145,358. 
     In fact, an unauthorized user such as a child could inadvertently use the lighter of U.S. Pat. No. 5,145,358 by pressing its finger at different places on the grooved portion of the end of the actuator which is a non-negligible surface area if the force it applies to this portion is inadvertently oblique and not perpendicular thereto. 
     On the contrary, to cause a pivoting motion of the safety member of the lighter according to the invention, it is necessary, by definition, to pivot this member and thereby locate the pivot about which the movement is made. 
     Such a movement is hence theoretically more difficult to execute than a simple translation motion and, in all likelihood, a pivoting motion is more rarely applied unintentionally than a translation motion similar to the one described herein. 
     According to one feature, the pivoting motion is executed about an axis. 
     According to one feature, the safety member pivots about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of movement of the actuator. 
     According to one feature, the safety member is elastically maintained in its locked position. 
     According to another feature, the safety member comprises the bearing portion whose pivotal movement has an amplitude corresponding to the angle of tilt formed between the active portion and the longitudinal axis of the actuator. 
     According to one feature, the housing is elongated along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of displacement of the actuator such that, in the unlocked position of the safety mechanism, the active portion of the safety member engages in the housing when the actuator passes from its rest position to its active position. 
     According to another feature, the active portion of the safety member forms a flange. 
     According to one feature, the actuator comprises a cap to which a force is applied for displacing the actuator from its rest position to its active position, the safety member being arranged at the level of the cap. 
     According to a first and a second embodiment of the invention, the safety member forms at least one component mounted on the actuator. 
     More particularly, the safety member forms at least one element mounted on the cap of the actuator. 
     Advantageously, the addition of a safety member to the actuator does not put into question the entire design of the actuator. 
     According to a feature of the first and second embodiment, the safety member is fixed to the actuator via its pivotal axis. 
     This represents a particularly simple and effective means to fix the safety member. 
     According to a feature related to the first and second embodiment of the invention, the safety member comprises the bearing portion which is arranged around the pivotal axis. 
     According to a feature related to the first two embodiments of the invention, the flange of the safety member is attached to the bearing portion. 
     According to a feature related to the first two embodiments, the safety member comprises an inactive portion which is maintained in position with respect to the actuator. 
     The inactive portion does not participate in the pivoting motion of the safety member but, on the contrary, serves as a support point for the member during the pivoting motion and thereby limits the amplitude of the motion. The inactive portion is, for example, blocked by the actuator. 
     According to a feature of the first embodiment of the invention, the safety member comprises a spring having a central portion arranged inside the bearing portion of the member and around the pivotal axis and two end portions, one extending along the flange and the other merging with the inactive portion maintained in position with respect to the actuator. 
     This makes it possible to achieve a limited elastic deformation of the safety member during the pivoting motion. 
     According to a feature of the second embodiment, the inactive portion maintained in position with respect to the actuator is a flange which has a reduced thickness compared with the thickness of the bearing portion of the safety member. 
     This feature also makes it possible to achieve a limited elastic deformation of the safety member during the pivoting motion. 
     According to a feature related to the first two embodiments, the active and inactive portions of the safety member form between one another an angle less than 90° when the safety mechanism is in the locked position. 
     According to another feature of the first two embodiments of the invention, the bearing portion of the safety member is grooved and/or comprises a boss to facilitate its manipulation by a user of the lighter. 
     According to a third embodiment of the invention, the safety member forms one and the same member with the actuator. 
     In particular, the safety member forms one and the same member with the cap, which does not require reviewing the entire design of the actuator. 
     According to a feature related to the previous one, the safety member is connected to the actuator via an arm. 
     According to one feature related to the previous one, this arm has a curved general shape which acts as a hinge for the pivoting motion of the safety member. 
     According to a feature related to this third embodiment, the pivotal axis is placed at the level of the arm. 
     According to another feature related to this third embodiment, the safety member comprises an actuating head at least partially forming the bearing portion to which the force is applied to execute the pivoting motion and the flange forming the active portion of the member. 
     In particular, the actuating head and flange confer on the safety member a general T-shape having a leg that is formed of the flange. 
     According to another feature related to this third embodiment of the invention, a space is provided between the actuating head and the actuator. 
     This space enables the actuating head to be displaced during the pivoting motion of the safety member towards its unlocked position, while limiting the displacement. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     Other features and advantages will appear in the following description, which is given only by way of non-limiting example and made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a lighter according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 a  is a partial longitudinal section view of a lighter according to a first embodiment of the invention, in a first position; 
     FIG. 2 b  is a view of the lighter of FIG. 2 a  in a second position; 
     FIG. 2 c  is a view of the lighter of FIG. 2 a  in a third position; 
     FIG. 2 d  is a view of the lighter in a position identical to the first position; 
     FIG. 3 a  is a view of a safety member used in the lighter of FIG. 2 a  and incorporating a spring; 
     FIG. 3 b  is a view of the spring used in the safety member of FIG. 3 a;    
     FIG. 3 c  is a partial perspective schematic view of the upper portion of the lighter of FIGS. 1 and 2 a;    
     FIG. 4 a  is a view of a lighter according to a second embodiment of the invention, placed in a first position; 
     FIG. 4 b  is a perspective view of a safety member used in the lighter of FIG. 4 a;    
     FIG. 4 c  is a view of the lighter of FIG. 4 a  in a second position; 
     FIG. 4 d  is a view of the lighter of FIG. 4 a  in a third position; 
     FIG. 4 e  is a view of the lighter in a position identical to the first position; 
     FIG. 5 a  is a partial schematic view of a lighter according to a third embodiment of the invention, placed in a first position; 
     FIG. 5 b  is a partial plan view of the lighter of FIG. 5 a;    
     FIG. 5 c  is a view of the lighter of FIG. 5 a  in a second position; 
     FIG. 5 d  is a view of the lighter of FIG. 5 a  in a third position; 
     FIG. 5 e  is a schematic view of a variant embodiment of the lighter shown in FIG. 5 a.   
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     As shown in FIG.  1  and denoted by the general reference  10 , a lighter according to the invention comprises a body  12  of elongated general form, a flame generation device comprising an actuator  14  whereof only one portion is shown in this figure. 
     The portion of the actuator shown in FIG. 1 represents an end  14   a  of the actuator which is provided with a cap  16  whereto the user of the lighter must apply a downward force, along the longitudinal axis of the lighter ZZ′, to displace the actuator within the body  12 . 
     The lighter also comprises a member  18  forming a wind guard to protect the flame generated by the lighter. 
     The lighter in FIG. 1 is partially shown in a schematic longitudinal section in FIG. 2 a.    
     As stated above, the lighter comprises a flame generation device which is known to one skilled in the art and which comprises in particular the body of the actuator  14  equipped at the end  14   a  with cap  16 . 
     This cap is considered as forming part of the actuator. 
     The flame generation device also comprises a gas jet release member  20 , such as a nozzle connected to a gas filled reservoir and not shown in the figures. 
     The flame generation device also comprises a member  22  resting on a pivot  24  and forming a lever. 
     Member  22  has two ends each of which is in contact respectively with the actuator and the gas jet release member. 
     The lighter of the invention operates according to the known principle of the piezoelectric effect in which a piezoelectric element, such as a crystal, is struck by a member forming a hammer to produce an electric spark. 
     The end of the actuator  14  opposite end  14   a  and which is not shown in the figures forms a hammer which strikes a piezoelectric element when the actuator is displaced by a force applied by the user&#39;s finger to cap  16 , from a rest position, shown in FIG. 2 a , wherein the flame generation device cannot generate a flame, to a active position, shown in FIG. 2 c , and wherein the device can generate a flame. 
     The flame generation device further comprises an electrical conductor  26  whereby a spark generated by the aforementioned piezoelectric mechanism is propagated. 
     The electrical conductor  26  is electrically connected to the piezoelectric mechanism by one of its ends in a known manner. 
     The electrical conductor  26  terminates at its opposite end in a combustion chamber  27  wherein the aforementioned gas jet release member  20  also terminates. 
     During the movement of the actuator shown by its extreme positions in FIGS. 2 a  and  2   c , member  22  forming a lever pivots about its support point  24  when the actuator applies a pressure to the end thereof, permitting upward displacement of the nozzle of the gas jet release member and thereby the release of the gas. 
     As shown in FIG. 2 c , in the upper position, the nozzle is at the height of the end of the electrical conductor  26  via which the spark exits, thereby permitting the generation of a flame. 
     The above description relates to the three embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 2 to  5  and will therefore not be repeated in the description of each new embodiment. 
     FIGS. 2 a ,  2   b ,  2   c ,  2   d ,  3   a ,  3   b  and  3   c  more particularly illustrate a first embodiment of a lighter according to the invention. 
     The lighter according to this first embodiment of the invention comprises a safety mechanism denoted  30  in FIG. 2 a  which is mobile between two positions shown respectively in FIGS. 2 a  and  2   b  and to which we shall subsequently return. 
     The safety mechanism  30  comprises a safety member  32  which cooperates with an abutment  34  joined to the lighter. 
     The abutment  34  is in the form of a groove made in the upper end of a wall  36  of the lighter along which the actuator  14  is arranged. 
     This groove is generally V-shaped with an upward directed opening and which is slightly tilted to the longitudinal direction ZZ′ so that one of the sides of the V is aligned with this direction. 
     The tilt of the V thereby serves to release the safety member from its abutment whenever necessary. 
     It should be noted that the abutment  34  could also be in the form of a flat horizontal portion. 
     The lighter further comprises a wall  38  visible from the exterior of the lighter, which is arranged facing wall  36  and at some distance therefrom, thereby arranging between the parallel walls a housing which is elongated along an axis parallel to longitudinal axis ZZ′. 
     Safety member  32  which is shown in greater detail in FIGS. 3 a ,  3   b  and  3   c , comprises an essentially cylindrical bearing portion  40  which is arranged around a pivotal axis  42 . 
     As shown in FIGS. 2 a  to  2   d , the bearing portion  40  of the safety member is arranged at the level of the end  14   a  of actuator  14  and, more particularly, of the cap  16  thereof. 
     As shown in FIG. 3 c , cap  16  comprises two arms  16   a  and  16   b  arranging a space between themselves to receive the bearing portion  40  of the safety member. 
     Arms  16   a  and  16   b  respectively comprise an orifice passing through them to receive axis  42  of the safety member. 
     This axis  42  acts as a pivotal axis for the movement of the safety member between the positions shown in FIGS. 2 a  and  2   b.    
     Axis  42  is arranged perpendicular to longitudinal axes ZZ′. 
     Thus safety member  32  is fixed to the cap of the actuator via its axis  42 . 
     As shown in FIGS. 2 a  and  3   a , bearing portion  40  is grooved to facilitate the gripping movement applied by the user of the lighter to this portion. 
     Furthermore, in addition to the grooves, the bearing portion comprises a boss  44  which facilitates handling by the user. 
     However, it must be noted that the simultaneous presence of grooves and a boss or of any other means to facilitate the handling of the safety member by the user is not mandatory, and that a single one of these means can suffice. 
     As shown in FIGS. 2 a  and  3   a , the safety member comprises an active portion which, for example, is in the form of a flange  46  attached to the bearing portion  40  and essentially planar in shape. 
     When the safety member is in the position shown in FIG. 2 a  corresponding to the locked position of the safety mechanism of the invention, the active portion  46  of the safety member is disposed against abutment  34 . 
     The active portion  46  of the safety member is tilted with respect to the longitudinal axis ZZ′ towards the actuator  14 . 
     In particular, the safety member comprises a spring  48  shown in FIG. 3 b  which has a central portion  48   a  shown in the form of a coil spring, and two end portions  48   b  and  48   c  forming the ends of the spring, the end portion  48   c  being shown in FIG. 3 a.    
     The central portion  48   a  of this spring is mounted about the pivotal axis  42  inside the bearing portion  40  of the safety member and one of the end portions  48   b  of the spring is arranged inside the active portion  46  of the safety member in a recess  49  provided for the purpose, as shown in FIG. 2 a.    
     The other end portion  48   c  of the spring forms an inactive portion of the safety member and is arranged inside the cap  16  in a housing  50  provided for the purpose (FIG. 2 a ). 
     As shown in FIG. 2 a , the two end portions  48   b  and  48   c  of spring  48  make an angle smaller than 90° between each other, according to this side view. 
     The spring thereby applies a torsion force which resists any action tending to separate its end portions  48   b  and  48   c  from one another to open the angle between them. 
     When the spring is integrated in the safety member  32 , as shown in FIGS. 2 a  and  3   a , the torsion force applied by this spring forces the active portion  46  to abut wall  36 , thereby forcing the active portion  46  and inactive portion  48   c  to make an angle smaller than 90° between one another. 
     The safety mechanism thereby formed, due to the force applied by the spring to the active portion  46  of the safety member  32 , is elastically maintained in its locked position shown in FIG. 2 a.    
     The safety member thereby formed makes a member which is mounted on the actuator. 
     Thus the presence of the safety member does not put into question the entire design of the actuator. 
     Furthermore, the arrangement of the safety member on the cap of the actuator is extremely simple to achieve. 
     When the safety mechanism is placed in the locked position, as shown in FIG. 2 a , the active portion  46  is held in contact elastically with the abutment  34  in a tilted position with respect to the longitudinal axis ZZ′ which is vertical in the drawings. 
     In this position, it is impossible for a user to displace actuator  14  by applying a vertical or inclined force to cap  16  and hence it is not possible to generate a flame. 
     An unintended user such as a child, for example, who tries to press on cap  16 , therefore cannot succeed in generating a flame in the lighter. 
     Such an inclined arrangement of the active portion of the safety member, in the locked position of the safety mechanism, is particularly advantageous in relation to a vertical arrangement, since an unauthorized user pressing hard on the cap  16  and the safety member would be liable to unlock the safety mechanism by force if the arrangement of the active part were to be vertical. 
     Furthermore, with such a vertical arrangement of the active portion of the safety member, the risk of unlocking by force would be all the higher if the unauthorized user exerted a force inclined with respect to the vertical with more or less the same orientation as the active part. 
     Safety in relation to the unauthorized user is thus increased with the arrangement provided by the invention. 
     Given the fact that the safety member is in a position which is off-centered in relation to the cap and particularly to the portion of the cap to which the force must be applied to generate a flame, the safety mechanism of the invention is hence more reliable than those of the prior art discussed above. 
     It has been found that the forces applied to the cap of the lighter to cause its depression and hence to generate a flame are generally applied along longitudinal axis ZZ′ or along a direction tilted to the axis. 
     By following this observation, it proves that the safety mechanism proposed in the lighter described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,145,358 is less reliable than the one of the present invention. 
     In fact, a force applied by an unintended user such as a child along a direction tilted to the longitudinal displacement axis of the actuator can permit the displacement of the grooved portion arranged on the cap of the actuator and forming a lock, thereby unlocking the safety mechanism. 
     By contrast, according to the present invention, the applicant has tilted the active portion  46  of the safety member to the longitudinal axis ZZ′ of the actuator in the direction of the actuator so that, even under the action of a force applied in an oblique direction to longitudinal axis ZZ′, the active portion of the safety member remains disposed against abutment  34 , thereby keeping the flame generation device blocked. 
     To unlock the safety mechanism  30  according to the invention, it is necessary to pivot safety member  32  about the pivotal axis  42  to separate the active portion  46  of the safety member from the abutment and the lighter and to bring it to face housing  37 . 
     The active portion  46  of the safety member pivots in the opposite direction to the moment forced by the user on the bearing portion  40  of that member and which is shown by arrow F 1  in FIG. 2 a.    
     The pivoting motion of the safety member is made independently of the movement of the actuator, which remains immobile during the displacement of the safety member. 
     The displacement of the safety mechanism from the locked position in FIG. 2 a  to the unlocked position in FIG. 2 b  is achieved by the user of the lighter by applying a tangential force to the bearing portion  40  of safety member  32 , in order to rotate it about pivotal axis  42 , the force being applied towards the cap of the actuator. 
     The movement applied by the user is facilitated by the presence of a grooved surface on the bearing portion  40  and of the boss  44  of the bearing portion. 
     As shown in FIG. 2 a , the thrust force applied by the authorized user is shown by arrow F 1  which is initially disposed at least horizontally, in fact the user from the outset being able to apply to the bearing portion of safety member  32  a force in a direction slightly tilted to the horizontal. 
     As shown in FIG. 2 b , when the pivoting motion of the safety member has been completed in the direction of the arrow of FIG. 2 a , the force F 1  applied by the user to the bearing portion of the safety member and, in particular, to the boss  44  thereof, is applied along an axis forming an even greater tilt than previously to the horizontal, thereby facilitating the application of a second force F 2  applied along longitudinal direction ZZ′ to displace the actuator from its rest position to its active position, as shown in FIGS. 2 b  and  2   c.    
     The fact that the directions of application of forces F 1  and F 2  (FIG. 2 b ) make an angle α between one another less than 90° further facilitates the coordination of the two forces. 
     It should be observed that when the initial force applied by the user to pivot the safety member about its axis is not horizontal but already has a certain tilt to the horizontal, force F 1  applied by the user to the safety member, as shown in FIG. 2 b , makes an even smaller angle α to the longitudinal direction (axis ZZ′) of displacement of the actuator, thereby facilitating the use of the lighter. 
     As shown in FIG. 2 b  and indicated above, in the unlocked position, the active portion  46  of safety member  32  is vertically disposed facing housing  37  and, under the effect of the second force denoted F 2  in FIG. 2 c , engages in the housing. 
     It must be observed that the pivoting motion of safety member  32  has an amplitude which corresponds to the angle made by the active portion of the member with the longitudinal displacement axis of the actuator. 
     The amplitude of this motion is preferably small to avoid making the lighter too difficult to use by the intended user. 
     As shown in FIG. 2 d , when the user stops applying a force F 2  to cap  16  of the actuator, the actuator is returned to its initial rest position identical to that shown in FIG. 2 a  under the action of a spring not shown in the figures and known in this type of lighter and which has been compressed during the displacement of the actuator between FIGS. 2 b  and  2   c.    
     During this upward motion, the active portion  46  of the safety member rises inside housing  37  and, when it exits therefrom, is then subject to the sole action of spring  48 , thereby bringing it again into an inclined position against abutment  34 . 
     The safety mechanism is thereby returned to its locked position wherein the flame generation device is blocked. 
     FIGS. 4 a  to  4   e  illustrate a second embodiment of a lighter according to the invention. 
     It should be recalled that the items described with reference to FIG. 2 a  to second, except for cap  16  and the safety member  32 , remain the same and keep the same reference numbers as those of the figures. 
     In fact, in this second embodiment, only the structures of the cap and the safety member are modified in comparison with those of the first embodiment. 
     According to this second embodiment, the lighter  60  further comprises a safety mechanism  62  comprising a safety member  64  cooperating with an abutment joined to the lighter. 
     As shown in greater detail in FIG. 4 b , safety member  64  comprises a bearing portion  66  whose function is similar to that of bearing portion  40  in FIG. 3 a  and which is arranged about a pivotal axis  68 . 
     This pivotal axis connects safety member  64  to cap  70  in the same way as safety member  32  in FIGS. 3 a  to  3   c.    
     Safety member  64  also comprises two portions, one, active, denoted  72 , adapted to comes against the abutment  34  when the safety member is in the locked position, as shown in FIG. 4 a , and an inactive portion  74  which is adapted to be positioned between cap  70  of the actuator and the body of the actuator. 
     In a similar manner as described for safety member  32  shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, safety member  64  comprises a bearing portion  66  arranged about the pivotal axis  68 , the active portion  72  being in the form of a flange attached to the bearing portion  66 , and the inactive portion  74  also being in the form of a flange attached to bearing portion  66 . 
     Bearing portion  66  is grooved and also comprises a boss  76  which is shown in FIGS. 4 a  and  4   b.    
     When the safety member is installed on the lighter, the safety member is fixed to the actuator via its pivotal axis  68  in the same way as the fixing of safety member  32  to actuator  14  as shown in FIG. 3 c.    
     Furthermore, the inactive portion  74  of the safety member is held pressed into a housing  78  provided between cap  70  and the body of the actuator  14  (FIG. 4 a ), in a position preventing its pivoting. 
     It must be observed that the flange forming the inactive portion  74  of the safety member has a reduced thickness in comparison with the thickness of the bearing portion  66  and of the other flange  72 . 
     This difference in thickness confers a degree of elasticity on safety member  34  enabling it to be deformed elastically, in a limited manner, during the pivoting motion about axis  68 . 
     Note that when the safety member is installed on the lighter, the active portion  72  and inactive portion  74  naturally make an angle smaller than 90° between each other, in order to give the active portion  72  a tilted position with respect to the longitudinal axis ZZ′ when the safety mechanism is in the locked position. 
     In this position shown in FIG. 4 a , safety mechanism  62  according to the invention is in the locked position and active portion  72  of the safety member is arranged in tilted position against abutment  34 , which gives increased safety with respect to unauthorized users according to the explanations given above with reference to FIGS. 2 a  to  3   c.    
     In a similar manner to that described for the first embodiment, to go from the locked position of the safety mechanism, as shown in FIG. 4 a , to the unlocked position thereof shown in FIG. 4 c , the user of the lighter employs the boss  76  to cause the active portion of the safety member  64  to pivot about its axis  68 , thereby bringing active portion  72  facing housing  37 . 
     As stated above in reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 of the first embodiment of the invention, the tilt to the horizontal and to axis ZZ′ of the force applied by the user to the safety member at the end of the pivoting motion makes it easy to coordinate this movement with the displacement of the actuator along axis ZZ′. 
     As shown in FIG. 4 d , active portion  72  of the safety member engages in housing  37  as the user applies a vertical downward pressure to actuator  14 . 
     When the pressure applied by the user to the actuator is released, the actuator rises under the action exerted by a spring not shown in the figures and, on returning to its rest position, shown in FIG. 4 c , the safety member naturally returns to its locked position due to the elastic deformation it had undergone between the positions shown in FIGS. 4 a  and  4   c.    
     FIGS. 5 a  to  5   d  show a third embodiment of the invention wherein the safety member forms one and the same member with the actuator. 
     All the elements forming part of the lighter described in the first two embodiments, but with the exception of the cap, the safety member and its abutment, are not modified in this embodiment and, when mentioned, retain the same numerals as previously. 
     As partially shown in FIG. 5 a , the lighter according to a third embodiment identified by the general reference denoted  90 , comprises an actuator  14  identical to the one shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, but with the exception of cap  92  of actuator  14 . 
     In this embodiment, the lighter comprises a safety mechanism  94  with a safety member  96  that is an integral part of the actuator in the sense that it is joined to the cap  92  via a curved arm  98 . 
     Safety member  96  comprises two parts: an actuating head  100  and an active portion  102  extending from head  100  and from arm  98  and forming a flange. 
     The arm has a general U-shape whereof the concavity is turned towards actuating head  100 . 
     This arm represents a sort of articulation of the safety member with respect to cap  92  of the actuator. 
     Actuating head  100  and flange  102  confer on safety member  96  a general T-shape where the head consists of the actuating head and which has a leg formed by the flange. 
     FIG. 5 b  shows the actuating head of the safety member in a plan view. 
     Safety member  96  and cap  92  are connected by curved arm  98  whereof the thickness is reduced in comparison with that of the rest of the safety member to permit a limited elastic deformation of the arm during the pivoting motion of the safety member. 
     The pivoting motion takes place about an axis which is placed at the level of the arm. 
     Also provided is a space  104  between actuating head  100  and cap  92  of the actuator to permit the actuating head to move in the direction of the cap, during the pivoting motion of the safety member towards its unlocked position. 
     However, it must be observed in FIG. 5 b  that cap  92 , with respect to its median axis XX′, has two portions forming a projection towards two concavities arranged in actuating head  100  and which are each symmetrical about the aforementioned median axis. 
     The cap further comprises two arms  101  and  103  provided at their free ends with two outwardly directed shoulders  101   a  and  103   a.    
     The free ends of the arms provided with shoulders are engaged within the portion of the lighter surrounded by portion  18  in FIG.  1  and enable the cap to be connected to the rest of the lighter by virtue of the shoulders which bear against walls  105   a  and  105   b  of the lighter partially represented by dashed lines in FIG. 5 a . These ends also facilitate the guidance of the axial displacement of the cap. 
     Such arms also exist on the lighters shown in the earlier Figures although they are not represented. 
     Space  104  is thus more particularly provided between each projecting portion  92   a  (respectively  92   b ) and the corresponding concavity  100   a  (respectively  100   b ) of the actuating head. 
     Safety member  96  comprises a bearing portion  100   c  to which the user&#39;s force is applied, thereby permitting the safety member to make its pivoting motion. 
     In the representation thereof in the figures, the bearing portion is only one portion of actuating head  100 . 
     In FIG. 5 a , the safety member is in its locked position wherein active portion  102  of the member is arranged in a position inclined towards the actuator  14  with respect to the axis ZZ′ and in contact with an abutment  106  provided in the upper portion of a wall  108  along which the a block  111  is disposed in which the actuator  14  is arranged. 
     In this position, it is however unnecessary for active portion  102  to be in contact with abutment  106 , the contact only occurring when the unauthorized user of the lighter applies a pressure to cap  92  to displace the actuator downward. 
     It will be noted that the angle A formed by the active portion  102  with the horizontal is less than 90° in FIG. 5 a  and that this arrangement gives the same advantages as those described with reference to the first two embodiments. 
     The lighter further comprises another wall  110  disposed facing wall  108  and thereby providing a housing  112  with it. 
     In a similar manner to that described for the first two embodiments of the invention, the pivoting motion of safety member  96  is obtained via a first tangential force F 1  applied by the intended user of the lighter in a direction forming a positive or zero angle with the horizontal, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 5 a.    
     The user applies this force to the bearing portion  100   c  of the safety member. 
     When the user has applied this force until contact is obtained between the projecting portions  92   a  and  92   b  and the respective concavities  100   a  and  100   b  of the actuating head  100 , any subsequent deformation is made impossible due to the disappearance of the space  104  between cap  92  and actuating head  100 . 
     The user thereby knows that the safety mechanism is in the unlocked position. 
     The active portion  102  forms an angle B with the horizontal which is substantially equal to 90°. 
     In this position shown in FIG. 5 c , the user is naturally guided in the following movement which consists in pressing on cap  92  in the direction of force F 2  of the axis ZZ′ in order to move the actuator downwardly. This is due to the fact that the direction of the first force F 1  applied by the user at the end of the pivoting motion (FIG. 5 c ) forms an angle less than 90° with the direction of the axis ZZ′. 
     It must be observed that the cap has a non-uniform thickness and which is greater in its part disposed facing the actuating head, thereby forming a tilted plane as shown in the figures, to receive the user&#39;s finger. 
     Thus when the safety mechanism is in the unlocked position (FIG. 5 c ) and the user applies a vertical force to lower the actuator within block  111 , active portion  102  of safety member  96  is arranged facing housing  112 , thereby enabling the safety member to engage therein progressively with the downward movement of the actuator, to come into abutment at the end of housing  112  when the actuator is in its active position (FIG. 5 d ). 
     The return to the rest position of the actuator and to the locked position of the safety mechanism takes place, for the user, by releasing the pressure applied to cap  92 , as indicated for the first two embodiments. 
     The lighter thereby returns to the position shown in FIG. 5 a.    
     Note that it is advantageous in the three embodiments described above either to fix or to consolidate the safety member with the actuator cap and not the actuator body itself, or to have the safety member as a component mounted on the cap in order to simplify the manufacture of the lighter of the invention. 
     In fact, with a mechanism as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,833,448, the entire design of the actuator must be reviewed to install such a safety mechanism, complicating and thereby increasing the production cost of the lighter. 
     FIG. 5 e  shows a variant embodiment of the lighter shown in FIGS. 5 a  to  5   d  in which only the position of the safety member in abutment is modified. 
     The lighter  118  comprises the actuator  14  and a block  119  in which the actuator is inserted and within which it may engage when it is displaced from its rest position to its active position. 
     A safety mechanism  120  comprises a safety member  112  which is jointed to the cap  124 . 
     The safety member comprises an actuating head  126  and an active portion  128  which, in the locked position of the safety mechanism, is tilted towards the actuator  14  with respect to the longitudinal axis ZZ′ and which is provided on the upper portion  119   a  of the block  119 , instead of resting on the top of the wall  106  of FIG. 2 a.    
     More particularly, the active portion  128  is in contact with the upper portion  119   a  of the block  119  via a portion which may be simply a portion of an edge (e.g. a ridge) of this active portion and with the vertical body of the actuator  14  via another portion of an edge. 
     These horizontal and vertical contacts which may be linear in the case of ridges ensure that the active portion  128  is perfectly braced, thus enabling it to resist equally a vertical push and an oblique force. 
     It will thus be understood that it is not necessary for the portions of the active portion  128  which are in contact with the block  119  and the actuator  14  to have a large area of contact with them. 
     Furthermore, the provision of the active portion  128  at the upper portion  119   a  of the block  119  rotor than on the top of the wall  106  of FIG. 2 a  advantageously enables the bulkiness of the system within the lighter to be reduced. 
     The space  132  which the active portion  128  enters in the unlocked position may thus be of reduced dimensions if the wall  106  of FIG. 2 a  is dispensed with. 
     Alternatively, if the dimensions of the space  132  are maintained while dispensing with the wall  106  of FIG. 2 a , it is possible to receive a block  119  of greater size in the lighter. 
     Everything which has just been stated concerning the variant of FIG. 5 e  also applies to the lighters shown in the other Figures.