Abstract:
A common multi-purpose actuator to control antenna remote electrical tilt, remote azimuth steering, and remote azimuth beam-width control is disclosed. A single stepper motor uses a Hall-sensor for closed loop positioning feedback. Serial and parallel communications are employed through the same harness to the motor control circuit. The driven shaft of the motor turns a self-locking worm-gear which rotates a mating shaft which drives the necessary gearing. The actuator assembly can be arranged in multiple or single output configurations. DC line filtering improves the antenna signal to spurious noise ratio.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION INFORMATION 
       [0001]    The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. Section 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/559,496 filed Nov. 14, 2011, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0003]    The present invention relates in general to communication systems and components. More particularly, the present invention is directed to antennas for wireless networks. 
         [0004]    2. Description of the Prior Art and Related Background Information 
         [0005]    Base station antennas require low power consumption and high interoperability compatibility. Antennas must pass and transmit signals with minimum distortion and loss. Until recently, antennas have been passive devices, with their radiation pattern steering controlled by means of static mechanical mounts. With advances in computer networking, dynamic remote electro-mechanical control of antennas is possible. Antenna systems may be single or multi-band with at least one of the following radiation pattern parameters controlled remotely: Vertical Beam-peak Steering (“RET”—Remote electrical tilt), Azimuth Beam-peak Steering (“RAS”—Remote azimuth steering), and Azimuth Beam-peak Width (“RAB”—Remote azimuth beam-width). Such RET  110 , RAS  120  and RAB  130  control are illustrated in  FIG. 1  where  102  represents an antenna and  104  represents exemplary radiation emission patterns. 
         [0006]    Systems employing RET, RAS, and RAB can already be met by existing designs, but designers struggle with hardware designs that can be flexible enough to meet industry requirements such as the AISG (“Antenna Interface Standards Group”) v1 and AISGv2 tower mounted specifications, while meeting competitive cost targets. Antennas are measured competitively for signal to noise ratio and the space they occupy on the tower (i.e., their foot-print). A smaller antenna with the same performance is much more desirable than a larger antenna due to vibration and wind loading and the limited space available. Additionally, cost competitiveness and supply chain flexibility create the demand for common re-usable parts and sub-assemblies. 
         [0007]    Accordingly, there is a need to provide a simpler remote controlled system and method to adjust the radiation emission pattern of antennas. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0008]    In a first aspect, the present invention provides a remote controlled actuator system for adjusting a radiation emission pattern of an antenna. The system comprises a master controller providing actuator control signals for controlling antenna radiation emission patterns and two or more actuators, each actuator comprising an actuator control circuit communicating with the master controller and receiving actuator control signals, the actuator control circuit receiving actuator feedback signals including rotational position feedback signals and providing a drive signal in response to the actuator control signals and the actuator feedback signal. Each actuator further comprises a motor having a drive shaft, the motor receiving the drive signal and rotating the drive shaft based on the drive signal, a rotation sensor coupled to the drive shaft, the rotation sensor detecting a rotational position of the drive shaft and providing the rotational position feedback signals to the actuator control circuit, and an actuator gear coupled to the drive shaft. The system further comprises a mechanical coupling assembly having a mechanical input coupled to the actuator gear of at least one of the two or more actuators and a mechanical output coupled to a movable portion of an antenna, the assembly adjusting the radiation emission pattern of the antenna in response to rotation of the actuator gear of at least one of the two or more actuators. 
         [0009]    In an embodiment, the mechanical coupling assembly may provide more than one mechanical output. The mechanical coupling assembly preferably further comprises one or more mechanical stops which limit the range of motion of the mechanical output. The remote controlled actuator system preferably further comprises a data bus connecting the actuator control circuits of the two or more actuators and the master controller, wherein the actuator control circuits and the master controller are connected in series in one embodiment. Alternatively, the actuator control circuit and the master controller are connected in parallel. Each of the actuator control circuit further preferably comprises one or more line filters for suppressing signal noise intermodulation distortion between the antenna and the actuator control circuit. Each of the actuator control circuits preferably changes operation status between an active mode and a dormant mode based on activity on a data bus connecting the actuator control circuit and the master controller. Each of the actuator control circuits preferably communicates with the master controller via a single wire interface. The mechanical coupling assembly preferably further comprises one or more coupling gears in meshing engagement and positioned perpendicular with the actuator gear of at least one of the two or more actuators, and one or more toothed racks in meshing engagement with a corresponding coupling gear, the one or more toothed racks translating in response to the rotation of the actuator gear of at least one of the two or more actuators. 
         [0010]    The mechanical coupling assembly preferably further comprises a bracket mount plate having a shaft pin extending perpendicular from the bracket mount plate, the bracket mount plate having a curved toothed rack and forming an arc on the surface of the bracket mount plate, the curved toothed rack having a center corresponding with the center of the shaft pin, and an actuator mounting plate positioned apart and away from the bracket mount plate. The actuator mounting plate has a hole receiving the shaft pin, the actuator mounting plate pivotally coupled to the shaft pin, the actuator mounting plate securing one actuator of the two or more actuators and positioning the actuator gear of the actuator in meshing engagement with the curved toothed rack, the actuator gear of the actuator urging the actuator mounting plate to pivot about the shaft pin in response to rotation of the actuator gear. 
         [0011]    The mechanical coupling assembly may further comprise a bracket mount plate having a shaft pin extending perpendicular from the bracket mount plate, a first plate having a first hole receiving the shaft pin and pivotally coupling the shaft pin, the first plate having a first curved slot shaped as an arc having a center corresponding with the first hole, the first curved slot having a first toothed portion along a length of the first curved slot, a second plate placed adjacent to the first plate, the second plate having a second hole receiving the shaft pin and pivotally coupling the shaft pin, the second plate having a second curved slot shaped as an arc having a center corresponding with the second hole, the second curved slot having a second toothed portion along a length of the second curved slot. One actuator of the two or more actuators is preferably coupled to the bracket mount plate and positions the actuator gear of the actuator in meshing engagement with the first and second toothed portions of the first and second plates, the actuator gear of the second actuator urging the first and second plates to pivot in opposite directions in response to rotation of the actuator gear of the actuator. 
         [0012]    In another aspect, the present invention provides a remote controlled antenna system having an adjustable radiation emission pattern, the system comprising an antenna having first and second movable portions. The system further comprises a first actuator having a first actuator gear coupled to a first drive shaft, a bracket mount plate having a shaft pin extending perpendicular from the bracket mount plate, the bracket mount plate having a curved toothed rack and forming an arc on the surface of the bracket mount plate, the curved toothed rack having a center corresponding with the shaft pin, and an actuator mounting plate positioned apart and away from the bracket mount plate. The actuator mounting plate has an actuator mounting plate hole receiving the shaft pin, the actuator mounting pivotally coupling the shaft pin, the actuator mounting plate coupled to the first and second movable portions of the antenna, the actuator mounting plate securing the first actuator and positioning the first actuator gear in meshing engagement with the curved toothed rack, the first actuator gear urging the actuator mounting plate and the first and second movable portions of the antenna to pivot about the shaft pin in response to rotation of the first actuator gear. 
         [0013]    In a preferred embodiment, the remote controlled antenna system preferably further comprises a second actuator having a second actuator gear coupled to a second drive shaft, the second actuator mounted on the actuator mounting plate, a first plate securing the first movable portion of the antenna and having a first hole receiving the shaft pin and pivotally coupling the shaft pin, the first plate having a first curved slot shaped as an arc having a center corresponding with the shaft pin, the first curved slot having a first toothed portion along a length of the first curved slot, a second plate placed adjacent to the first plate, the second plate securing the second movable portion of the antenna and having a second hole receiving the shaft pin and pivotally coupling the shaft pin, the second plate having a second curved slot shaped as an arc having a center corresponding with the shaft pin, the second curved slot having a second toothed portion along a length of the second curved slot. The second actuator gear is preferably positioned in meshing engagement with the first and second toothed portions of the first and second plates, the second actuator gear urging the first and second plates and the first and second portions of the antenna to pivot in opposite directions in response to rotation of the actuator gear. The system preferably further comprises a first set of radiating elements coupled to the first movable portion of the antenna, and a second set of radiating elements coupled to the second movable portion of the antenna. The first actuator preferably further comprises a first stepper motor having the first drive shaft, and a first rotation sensor coupled to the first drive shaft, the first rotation sensor detecting a rotational position of the first drive shaft and providing first rotational position feedback signals. The second actuator preferably further comprises a second stepper motor having the second drive shaft, and a second rotation sensor coupled to the second drive shaft, the second rotation sensor detecting a rotational position of the second drive shaft and providing second rotational position feedback signals. 
         [0014]    In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of adjusting a radiation emission pattern of an antenna system comprising plural actuators each actuator having a drive shaft, and a mechanical coupling assembly having a mechanical output. The method comprises providing actuator control signals to plural actuators employing a common control signal format, rotating a drive shaft of at least one actuator of the plural actuators in response to the actuator control signals, detecting a rotational position of the drive shaft and providing rotational position feedback signals, coupling to the drive shaft, providing a mechanical output to an antenna, and adjusting the radiation emission pattern of the antenna. 
         [0015]    In a preferred embodiment, providing a mechanical output may comprise transforming the rotational motion of the drive shaft of at least one actuator to a translational motion of a phase shifting means for varying the phase of an antenna element. Providing a mechanical output may comprise transforming the rotational motion of the drive shaft of at least one actuator to a pivoting motion of an antenna. Providing a mechanical output may comprise transforming the rotational motion of the drive shaft of at least one actuator to a pivoting motion of first and second subsets of radiating elements, wherein the pivoting motion of the first subsection is opposite that of the second subsection, to provide variable beam-width of the radiation pattern of the radiating elements. The method preferably further comprises detecting a mechanical stop in the mechanical coupler. 
         [0016]    Further features and aspects of the invention are set out in the following detailed description. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0017]      FIG. 1  is a block schematic diagram of radiation emission patterns illustrating beam tilt, beam steering, and beam-width control. 
           [0018]      FIG. 2  is a side view of an actuator in a system which provides translational motion to an upper plate in an embodiment. 
           [0019]      FIG. 3  is a side view of an actuator in a system which provides translation motion to the upper and lower plates in an embodiment. 
           [0020]      FIG. 4  is a representation of a system employing mechanical stops for limiting the range of motion. 
           [0021]      FIG. 5  is a schematic block diagram of a parallel network for a master controller and a plurality of actuator controllers. 
           [0022]      FIG. 6  is a schematic block diagram of a series network for the master controller and a plurality of actuator controllers. 
           [0023]      FIG. 7  depicts representations of actuator controller filter circuitry in one or more embodiments. 
           [0024]      FIG. 8  is a side view of an actuator providing a phase shifting means for varying the phase of antenna elements of an antenna in an embodiment. 
           [0025]      FIG. 9  is a perspective view of an assembly for adjusting beam steering and beam-width in an embodiment. 
           [0026]      FIG. 10  is another perspective view of an assembly for adjusting beam steering and beam-width in an embodiment. 
           [0027]      FIG. 11  is a top view of bracket mount plate of the assemblies illustrated in  FIGS. 9 and 10 . 
           [0028]      FIG. 12  is a top view of an actuator mount plate on the bracket mount plate. 
           [0029]      FIG. 13  is a side, cross-sectional view of the sub-assembly for adjusting beam steering. 
           [0030]      FIG. 14  is bottom view of the actuator mount plate showing the actuator gear in meshing engagement with a curved toothed rack. 
           [0031]      FIG. 15  is a top view of a first and second plates pivotally coupled to a shaft pin. 
           [0032]      FIG. 16  is a side, cross-sectional view of the sub-assembly for adjusting beam-width. 
           [0033]      FIG. 17  is a bottom view of the first and second plates pivotally coupled to a shaft pin. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0034]    A single common actuator for systems employing RET, RAS and RAB is disclosed. RET, RAS, and RAB control utilizing the disclosed actuator may employ the teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 7,505,010 entitled “ANTENNA CONTROL SYSTEM” and U.S. Pat. No. 7,990,329 entitled “DUAL STAGGERED VERTICALLY POLARIZED VARIABLE AZIMUTH BEAM-WIDTH ANTENNA FOR WIRELESS NETWORK,” the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Remote electrical tilt is varied when the actuator slides the phase shifter dielectrics as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,505,010 for example. Remote azimuth steering is varied when the actuator rotates the antenna center around its base as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,990,329 for example. Remote azimuth beam-width is varied when the actuator opens and closes the scissor assembly as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,990,329 for example. It shall be understood, however, that the examples illustrated in the disclosures of these patents as well as exemplary embodiments described below are non-limiting and other mechanisms for adjusting the radiation emission pattern of an antenna are contemplated in one or more embodiments. 
         [0035]    The common purpose actuator in one or more embodiments will preferably use a stepper motor, a Hall sensor, and control circuitry protection to drive advanced antenna functions uniquely. The actuator has been designed to provide single or multiple mechanical outputs, a motor range of motion defined by the use of mechanical end stops, a flexible network design, DC line filtering of internal active electronic components to improve the antenna signal to spurious noise ratio, minimized current consumption in the actuator system, and a single wire interface used for the communication between the AISG controller and the individual actuators in the system. 
         [0036]    Embodiments of the actuator may have single or multiple mechanical outputs as illustrated in  FIG. 2  (illustrating a single output actuator system  201 ) and  FIG. 3  (illustrating a multiple output actuator system  251 ). A stepper motor  210  may preferably drive an actuator gear  216  such as a worm gear with matching coupling gears  218  such as one or more pinion gear(s). The coupling gear  218  such as a pinion gear drives a toothed rack  222  or matching gear located outside of the actuator assembly. Electrical connections will preferably be via multi-pin connection headers  226 . These outputs are used to drive single or multiple RET/RAB/RAS devices. The gear ratios between the first coupling gear  218  and the second coupling gear  220  may be varied to produce different actuation characteristics where needed. The rotation direction of the first coupling gear  218  and the second coupling gear  220  may be varied with the addition of an additional gear (not shown). Positive position hold is achieved by using a self-locking worm gear. Powered motor resistance is not necessary. 
         [0037]    The motor range of motion defined by the use of mechanical end stops  228  are illustrated in  FIG. 4 . Each motor controller or actuator control circuit  230  will use its rotation sensor  212  such as a Hall sensor to count the motor steps in-between start and stop positions  228  to determine its range of motion. The use of hard stops  228  protects the system from unsafe operation out of normal range. The hard stops create programmable reference positions to define the operational range of motion. Mechanical hard stop may have a buffered transition region such as soft stops  232  to provide for sensing of the oncoming end of travel. The controller may detect this by monitoring motor current or by monitoring the increase in duration between Hall sensor output pulses. 
         [0038]    One or more embodiments provide for flexible network design. This is illustrated in  FIG. 5  (parallel network design  260 ) and  FIG. 6  (series network design  262 ). Designs can be optimized for best power distribution, redundant protection, or lowest cost. Each actuator controller such as actuator controllers  240 ,  242 ,  244 , and  246  will preferably have a single female output control cable  252 . As depicted in  FIG. 6 , each actuator controller  240   a,    242   a,    244   a,  and  246   a  may have dual female output control cables  252  connecting to male control cables  250 . Each antenna will preferably have an internal master controller  254  that will supervise the individual actuators. Network connections will preferably use multi-head cables for series and parallel wiring. 
         [0039]    In one or more embodiments, DC line filtering of internal active electronic components may be employed to improve the antenna signal to spurious noise ratio. Exemplary circuits are illustrated in  FIG. 7  (actuator controller filters). Controller wiring will preferably be grounded through line filters to suppress unwanted signal noise intermodulation distortion between the antenna near field and PCBA components. Solid core wiring is preferably used to minimize antenna signal to spurious noise ratio. 
         [0040]    Three exemplary embodiments illustrating DC line filtering of internal active electronic components are shown in  FIG. 7 . In circuit  311 , the test point  310  is connected to an inductor/capacitor network  312   a  having a bypass to ground  314 . The output of network  312   a  is connected to voltage  320  and to bypass capacitor  318  connected to digital ground  316 . In circuit  331 , the test point  310  is connected to an inductor/capacitor network  312   b  having a bypass to ground  314 . The output of network  312   a  is connected to digital ground  316 . In circuit  351 , the test point  310  is connected to an inductor/capacitor network  312   c  having a bypass to ground  314 . The output of network  312   a  is connected to transistor  324 , which is in turn connected to voltage  322  and to resistor  326  which is connected to voltage  328 . 
         [0041]    In one or more embodiments, current consumption is minimized in the actuator system. Actuator controllers such actuator control circuit  230  preferably self-determine periods of no activity and change their operational status from active to dormant. In dormant mode, current consumption is minimized and may be eliminated. The controller returns to active mode when activity is detected on the data bus. Minimized current consumption allows for larger systems within the power consumption limits of the AISG system specifications and antenna line device system design. 
         [0042]    In one or more embodiments, single wire interface is used for the communication between the AISG controller and the individual actuators in the system. Fewer cables in the system minimize the spurious noise in the system. 
         [0043]    As discussed above, one or more embodiments are directed to a single common actuator for RET, RAS, and RAB control. As shown in  FIG. 2 , an embodiment of a remote controlled actuator system  201  for adjusting the radiation emission pattern of an antenna comprises an actuator  202  which is coupled to a mechanical coupling assembly  240 . The actuator  202  comprises an actuator control circuit  230 , a stepper motor  210 , a rotation sensor  212 , a drive shaft  214 , and an actuator gear  216  such a worm gear or a pinion. In one or more embodiments, the actuator may include an actuator housing  203  as well as more or less components as compared with the exemplary actuator  202 . The actuator control circuit  230  communicates with a master controller  254  (as shown in  FIGS. 5 and 6 ) and receives actuator control signals through connection header  226 . The actuator control circuit  230  receives actuator feedback signals including rotational position feedback signals from the rotation sensor  212 . The actuator control circuit  230  provides a pulsed current signal to the stepper motor  210  in response to the actuator control signals and the actuator feedback signal. The stepper motor  210  receives the pulsed current signal and rotates the drive shaft  214  based on the pulsed current signal. A rotation sensor  212  such as a Hall Sensor is coupled to the drive shaft  214  and detects the rotational position of the drive shaft  214  and provides rotational position feedback signals to the actuator control circuit  230 . An actuator gear  216  is coupled to the drive shaft  214  and may be a worm gear or a pinion in one or more embodiments. A mechanical coupling assembly  240  is coupled to the actuator gear  216  and an antenna, such that the assembly provides a mechanical output to the antenna in response to rotation of the actuator gear  216  to adjust the radiation emission pattern of the antenna. 
         [0044]    As depicted in  FIG. 2 , one or more embodiments of the mechanical coupling assembly  240  transforms the rotational motion of the actuator gear to a translational motion. In an embodiment, a single mechanical output mechanical assembly  240  shown in  FIG. 2  comprises a coupling gear  218  and a toothed rack  222 . The coupling gear  218  is in meshing engagement and is positioned perpendicular with the actuator gear  216 . In an embodiment, the actuator gear  216  may be a worm gear and the coupling gear  216  may be a toothed gear. The toothed rack  222  is in meshing engagement with the coupling gear  218  such that the toothed rack  222  translates in response to the rotation of the actuator gear  216 . 
         [0045]      FIG. 3  depicts an alternate embodiment of a remote controlled actuator system  251  for adjusting the radiation emission pattern of an antenna comprises an actuator  202  which is coupled to a mechanical coupling assembly  242 . The mechanical coupling assembly  242  provides two mechanical outputs and comprises coupling gears  218  and  220  and toothed racks  222  and  224 . The coupling gears  218  and  228  are in meshing engagement and positioned perpendicular with the actuator gear  216 . In an embodiment, the actuator gear  216  may be a worm gear and the coupling gear  216  may be a toothed gear. Toothed racks  222  and  224  are in meshing engagement with the coupling gears  218  and  220  such that the toothed racks  222  and  224  translate in response to the rotation of the actuator gear  216 . 
         [0046]    The toothed rack  222  may be coupled to an antenna such that the translational motion of the toothed rack adjusts the radiation emission pattern of an antenna. For example, as depicted in  FIG. 8 , actuator system  201  may be coupled to a sliding dielectric sheet  272  in an antenna  270 . Other embodiments employing a phase shifting means for varying the phase of an antenna element may be found in U.S. Pat. No. 7,505,010 referenced above. 
         [0047]      FIGS. 9 and 10  are perspective views of an exemplary assembly  401  for adjusting the beam steering and beam-width of an antenna employing actuators  418  and  460  each corresponding to  FIG. 2  in a preferred embodiment. As a brief overview, the assembly  401  comprises a bracket mount plate  410  having a shaft pin  412  extending away from the bracket mount plate  410 . The bracket mount plate  410  has a curved toothed rack  414  which forms an arc on the surface of the bracket mount plate  410 . An actuator mount plate  416  positioned above the bracket mount plate  410  has a through hole which receives the shaft pin  412  enabling actuator mount plate  416  to pivot around shaft pin  412 . Actuators  418  (for beam steering control) and  460  (for beam-width control) are mounted on actuator mount plate  416 . 
         [0048]    Beam steering control results from actuator  418  having an actuator gear  420  or pinion engaging with the curved tooth rack  414 . When actuator  418  rotates the actuator gear  420 , the actuator mount plate  416  pivots about the shaft pin  412  to steer the radiated emission pattern of an attached antenna. 
         [0049]    Beam-width control results from two plates  450  and  454  each having a curved toothed slot  452  and  456  which engage with the actuator gear  458  from actuator  460 . When actuator  460  rotates the actuator gear  458 , the two plates  450  and  454  pivot in opposite directions about the shaft pin  412  to adjust the beam-width of the radiated emission pattern of an attached antenna. 
         [0050]    More specifically with respect to the beam steering function,  FIG. 11  illustrates a bracket mount plate  410  having center bushing or hole  411  for receiving the shaft pin  412  which extends perpendicular from the bracket mount plate  410 . The bracket mount plate  410  has a curved toothed rack  414  which forms an arc on the surface of the bracket mount plate  410  and has a center corresponding to the center of the center bushing or hole  411  and the shaft pin  412 . 
         [0051]      FIGS. 9 ,  10 , and  12  depict an actuator mounting plate  416  positioned apart and away from the bracket mount plate  410 . The actuator mounting plate  416  has a center bushing or hole  417  receiving the shaft pin  412  such that the actuator mounting plate  416  is pivotally coupled to the shaft pin  412 . The actuator mounting plate  416  secures the actuator  418  and positions the actuator gear  420  or pinion in meshing engagement with the curved toothed rack  414  as shown in  FIGS. 13 and 14 . The actuator gear  420  urges the actuator mounting plate  416  to pivot about the shaft pin  412  in response to rotation of the actuator gear  420 . As depicted in  FIG. 10 , antenna sub-assemblies  470   a  and  470   b  are indirectly coupled to the actuator mounting plate  416  (discussed below) and therefore are partially rotated or steered as a result of the rotation of the actuator gear  420 . The antenna sub-assemblies  470   a  and  470   b  may comprise one or more radiating elements. 
         [0052]    More specifically with respect to the beam-width control function,  FIGS. 15-17  depict a first plate  454  having a first hole  455  which receives the shaft pin  412  and pivotally couples to the shaft pin  412 . The first plate has a first curved slot  456  shaped as an arc having a center corresponding with the shaft pin and has a first toothed portion  457  along a length of the first curved slot  456 . The first toothed portion  457  may be proximal or distal to the shaft pin  412 . 
         [0053]    A second plate  450  is placed adjacent to the first plate  454 . The second plate  450  has a second hole  451  which receives the shaft pin  412  and pivotally couples to the shaft pin  412 . The second plate  450  has a second curved slot  452  shaped as an arc having a center corresponding with the shaft pin  412 . The second curved slot  452  has a second toothed portion  453  along a length of the second curved slot  452 . The second toothed portion  453  may be proximal or distal to the shaft pin  412 . 
         [0054]    Actuator  460  is coupled to the actuator mount plate  416  and positions the actuator gear  458  in meshing engagement with the first and second toothed portions  457  and  453  of the first and second plates  454  and  450 . The actuator gear  458  urges the first and second plates  454  and  450  to pivot in opposite directions in response to rotation of the actuator gear  458 . In an embodiment and as depicted in  FIG. 10 , antenna sub-assemblies  470   a  and  470   b  are coupled to the first and second plates  450  and  454  and are individually pivoted in opposite directions thereby adjusting the beam-width of the radiated emission pattern. 
         [0055]    The present invention has been described primarily as methods and structures for remote control of the radiation emission pattern antenna systems. Furthermore, the description is not intended to limit the invention to the form disclosed herein. Accordingly, variants and modifications consistent with the following teachings, skill, and knowledge of the relevant art, are within the scope of the present invention. The embodiments described herein are further intended to explain modes known for practicing the invention disclosed herewith and to enable others skilled in the art to utilize the invention in equivalent, or alternative embodiments and with various modifications considered necessary by the particular application(s) or use(s) of the present invention.