Abstract:
A container for condiments includes a container portion having generally planar bottom, a generally parallel flange, and defining a cavity having a discharge spout adjacent the parallel flange. The container further includes a generally planar cover portion fashioned from a material more flexible that the material of the container portion and secured to the flange by an adhesive. The container preferably includes a weakened region transversely aligned with the spout but not having fluid communication therewith. Moreover, the container preferably includes a peel initiating structure aligned with the spout but spaced therefrom effective to reduce the peeling force required to separate the cover portion from the container portion.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present invention relates generally to packaging for condiments. More particularly, the present invention concerns condiment packaging adapted for opening in at least two different ways. 
         [0002]    Condiment packaging has evolved over the years, starting with basic glass bottles and jars for display and sale of condiments, including without limitation ketchup, mustard, mayonnaise, sauces, and the like. That basic packaging later included larger capacity bottles and jars, and then containers made from synthetic plastic materials. Eventually, the packaging concepts turned to providing packaging suitable for individual portions of the condiments. 
         [0003]    Individual packaging for condiments has, itself, seen changes. At one time, the packaging was simply an empty cup that could be filled with a condiment from a large capacity condiment dispenser that may, for example, have included a pump or other suitable dispensing device. For many years, condiments have been available in individual portion packets or sachets which seal the condiment between a pair of generally planar sheets of material. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,315,801. One or more weakened zone may be provided to simplify the act of opening the packet to access the condiment contained therein. 
         [0004]    Condiment packages having a generally rectangular receptacle portion covered with a substantially planar sheet have been long known also. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 2,705,579. Such condiment packages were later provided with breakaway corners and exposed corners for the covering material, thereby providing different access means for the condiment packaged therein. See, for example, U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos. 2003/0183637, and 2002/0100760. 
         [0005]    Packages for varied products are also known where the receptacle portion has a generally frustoconical shape with a spout at one side. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,898,003, 3,660,960, and 4,863,036. Typically, receptacles having this configuration have been used for relatively low viscosity products such as milk and cream. 
         [0006]    Squeezable packages for products are also known where the package has a spout at one end and the forming materials are weakened in the vicinity of the spout to permit access to the contents thereof. See for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,529,224, 4,921,137, and WO 2007/126817. 
         [0007]    Containers for liquids have also been proposed which permit dual access modes. For example, one mode allowing squeezing for product removal and another mode allowing dipping for product removal. See, for example, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006/0278562 (commonly owned, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by this reference thereto). It has been proposed to use different opening methods where the product has different consistencies. See, for example, Fr. Patent No. 2,801,570. Moreover, various designs for containers which permit the varied kinds of access have also been disclosed. See, for example, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2007/0164045. 
         [0008]    Notwithstanding the development of condiment containers, a number of difficulties are known to exist with available containers. More particularly, during use, the containers tend to be messy making them imperfect for use by children, and for use in vehicles when provided at drive-thru food sources. In addition, in recognition of environmental concerns, some retailers impose restrictions on the types of materials that may be used in products sold or otherwise provided through their retail outlets. When dealing with individual portion sizes of condiments, shelf-life stability for the condiments therein becomes important to maintain wholesomeness of the condiments. That stability may result from a variety of factors including for example permeability of container materials to oxygen. 
       SUMMARY OF SELECTED ASPECTS OF THE INVENTION 
       [0009]    For purposes of this invention, the word “condiment” should be interpreted broadly so as to include substances used to enhance larger food portions. Thus, as used in this application, “condiment” is intended to cover traditional condiments such as ketchup, mustard, mayonnaise, tartar sauce, and the like, as well as to encompass, without limitation, other comestibles such as sauces, jellies, jams, honey, and the like. 
         [0010]    The improved condiment container according to this invention includes a cover portion and a container portion. The container portion preferably includes a receptacle proportioned to receive a predetermined volume of a condiment. Typically, the predetermined volume corresponds to the quantity of the condiment that a consumer may personally use during consumption of a meal. 
         [0011]    Preferably, the receptacle of the container portion includes a generally planar bottom surface with a nominal length and a nominal width. The bottom surface provides a stable surface to support the condiment container during certain aspects of its use by a consumer. The receptacle also has a nominal depth selected in relation to the nominal width and nominal length to provide a receptacle that is low, wide, and stable against lateral tipping when a food item is thrust or poked into the receptacle. 
         [0012]    The container portion preferably includes a flange extending substantially continuously around the receptacle. Preferably, the flange is generally planar, is spaced from the generally planar bottom surface, and parallel thereto. At one side of the receptacle and at the position of the flange, a spout is provided. The spout has cross-sectional area which is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the opening at the upper edge of the receptacle. In this manner, access to the condiment through the spout is much more restricted that access to the condiment through the upper edge of the receptacle. 
         [0013]    Preferably, the container portion is fashioned from a material having a first bending stiffness sufficient that the receptacle retains its shape, even in the absence of the cover portion. Moreover, that first bending stiffness is also sufficient to ensure that the flange will retain its shape and orientation relative to the receptacle, even in the absence of the cover portion. To this end, container portion may be fabricated from a material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), amorphous polyethylene terephthalate (APET), oriented polyethylene terephthalate (OPET), metalized polyethylene terephthalate (MET-PET), polyethylene (PE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), metalocene linear low density polyethylene (mLLDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), metalocene polyethylene (mPE), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polypropylene (PP), metalized oriented polypropylene (mOPP), polystyrene (PS), high impact polystyrene (HIPS), foil, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), polyamide, Nylon, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), biaxially oriented materials, materials complying with 21 C.F.R. Part 177, and combinations thereof. While the container portion may comprise a single layer of material, the container portion may also be fabricated of multiple layers bonded, coextruded or otherwise formed together into a cohesive structure, where one or more of the layers is selected from the group of materials set forth above. Regardless of the particular composition used for the lid portion, all surfaces of the lid portion which face the receptacle are required to be food-safe. 
         [0014]    The thickness of the container portion may preferably lie in the range of about 3 mils to about 20 mils—a mil being 0.001 inches. Depending upon the particular material and the thickness selected, it may also be desirable to further stiffen the bottom surface of the receptacle. Such stiffening may be accomplished by embossing a three-dimensional pattern into the bottom surface, thereby increasing its bending stiffness. A logo may be used to provide that three-dimensional pattern, if desired. 
         [0015]    The cover portion is substantially planar and preferably is configured to have a perimeter substantially the same as the perimeter of the container portion. Moreover, the cover portion substantially covers the flange of the container portion. The cover portion, however, is preferably fabricated from a material having a second bending stiffness, where the bending stiffness of the cover portion is lower than the bending stiffness of the container portion. This difference in stiffness causes the cover portion to be more flexible and more readily separable from the container portion along the flange. 
         [0016]    The material from which the cover portion is fabricated may be the same as, or different from, the material used for the container portion. Accordingly, the material of the cover portion may be selected from the group consisting of PET, APET, OPET, MET-PET, PE, LDPE, LLDPE, mLLDPE, HDPE, mPE, EVA, PP, mOPP, PS, HIPS, foil, EVOH, polyamide, Nylon, PVC, biaxially oriented materials, materials complying with 21 C.F.R. Part 177, and combinations thereof. Typically, the thickness of the cover portion will lie in the range of about 1 mil to about 5 mils. While the cover portion may comprise a single layer of material, the cover portion may also be fabricated of multiple layers bonded, co-extruded or otherwise formed together into a cohesive structure, where one or more of the layers is selected from the group of materials set forth above. Regardless of the particular composition used for the lid portion, all surfaces of the lid portion which fact the receptacle are required to be food-safe. 
         [0017]    To hold the cover portion and the container portion together in a condiment package, an adhesive is preferably positioned between the cover portion and the container portion, in the flange area, and surrounding the top edge of the receptacle. The adhesive preferably is a food-grade adhesive and may be conventionally cured, for example, thermally, electromagnetically, or time cured. Preferably, the adhesive is integral with the cover portion and/or the container portion. Application of heat and pressure can be used to cause the adhesive to bond the cover portion and/or the container portion. Alternatively, adhesive may be applied around the receptacle of the container portion in a separate step. Preferably the adhesive is applied such that the adhesive defines a non-bonded region in alignment with the spout, although the adhesive otherwise surrounds the spout. If desired, pressure may be applied to assure that the adhesive bonds the cover portion and the container portion so as to define a sealed compartment defined by the receptacle and the cover portion. Moreover, the adhesive is applied such that an non-bonded region exists between the lid portion and the flange of the container portion in general alignment with the spout. 
         [0018]    Preferably, the non-bonded region is located opposite the spout and at the periphery of the container assembly. The non-bonded region is operable to define a lift tab at an edge of the lid portion. The lift tab is graspable so that it can be pulled away from the flange of the container portion so as to expose the receptacle and the contents thereof. Moreover, the adhesive is applied such that a peel-initiating region, such as a substantially angular region, partially defines an edge of the non-bonded region. The peel-initiating region is engaged as the lid portion is pulled by the tab from the container portion before the lid portion engages the full linear extent of the adhesive extending from side to side of the receptacle, and offers reduced resistance to separation between the lid portion and the container portion of the assembled package. For example, the required opening force may lie in the range of 1 to 5 lbs. Depending upon the opening scheme desired, the non-bonded region and the peel-initiator may be positioned in alignment with the spout or on the opposite side of the receptacle. Regardless of the position, when the lid portion is peeled back away from the container portion, the receptacle is exposed so as to be available for dipping a food item in the condiment. 
         [0019]    For access to the spout, a weakened area is preferably positioned so as to be transverse to the spout. The weakened area may be provided by mechanically cutting or fracturing the package materials in the vicinity of the spout. The weakened area may be fashioned by cutting the lid portion and the container portion so that a pair of aligned slits straddle the spout. Alternatively, the weakened area may be provided by laser scoring either the lid portion or the container portion or both. The end of the assembled container may then be broken away along the weakened area to expose the spout. By then squeezing the assembled container, the condiment will be released through the spout in a controlled manner. 
         [0020]    In the assembled package, the adhesive preferably has sufficient strength that the container will resist bursting when subjected to a force of 50 lbs. or greater, and preferably when subject to a force of 70 lbs. or greater. 
         [0021]    If desired, the container assembly may be adapted for attachment to the sidewall of a paperboard container. To this end, a pair of slits may be provided in the container and extending through both the lid portion and the container portion, where the slits are symmetrically disposed and cooperate to define a pair of ears. The ears can be bent out of the plane of the flange to define an angular (when viewed from the side) hook. Resilience of the materials used to fabricate the lid portion and the container portion cooperates to pinch an edge of the paperboard container. To further enhance the grip between the ears and an associated paperboard container, the surface of each ear may be suitable treated. For example, a tacky coating, or a roughened surface may be provided for such a purpose. 
         [0022]    If desired, either or both of the lid portion and the container portion may include an oxygen control barrier or an oxygen scavenger layer. Such a barrier layer can be helpful to reduce or eliminate degradation of the condiment packaged in the container assembly. If desired, either or both of the lid portion and the container portion may be opaque. Opaqueness may enhance the packaged product where exposure to light degrades the product over time. 
         [0023]    When the condiment packaged in the container is ketchup, the materials for the lid portion and the container portion are preferably selected such that the packaged condiment will have a shelf-life of at least about six months. One technique for evaluating shelf-life involves use of a colorimeter operating in the L*a*b* color space. Shelf-life may be evaluated by monitoring degradation of the color components of the packaged product according to measurements in that color space. For example, shelf-life may be determined by requiring that the L* and/or the ratio of a*/b* does not degrade more than a specified amount during the specified period, e.g., by less than 10% over a six-month period. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0024]    Many objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art when this written specification is read in conjunction with the appended drawings wherein like reference numerals are applied to like elements and wherein: 
           [0025]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view of the condiment container; 
           [0026]      FIG. 2  is an inverted perspective view of a condiment container with the bottom surface positioned on top; 
           [0027]      FIG. 3  is a bottom plan view of the condiment container; 
           [0028]      FIG. 4  is a side elevational view of the condiment container; 
           [0029]      FIG. 5  is a top plan view of the condiment container; 
           [0030]      FIG. 6  is an end elevational view of the condiment container; 
           [0031]      FIG. 7  is a top plan view of a second embodiment of the condiment container; 
           [0032]      FIG. 8  is a top plan view of a third embodiment of the condiment container; 
           [0033]      FIG. 9  is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line 9-9 of  FIG. 5 ; 
           [0034]      FIG. 10  is an enlarged detail view of spout end encircled  FIG. 9 ; 
           [0035]      FIG. 11  depicts the condiment container opened for squeeze application; 
           [0036]      FIG. 12  is a cross-sectional view of the condiment container of  FIG. 1  showing access for dipping; 
           [0037]      FIG. 13  is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the condiment container viewed from the top; 
           [0038]      FIG. 14  is a cross-sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the condiment container taken along the line 14-14 of  FIG. 13 ; 
           [0039]      FIG. 15  is a perspective view of the fourth embodiment of the condiment container; 
           [0040]      FIG. 16  is a top plan view of a fifth embodiment of the condiment container; 
           [0041]      FIG. 17  is a side elevational view of the fifth embodiment of the condiment container; 
           [0042]      FIG. 18  depicts use of the fifth embodiment in conjunction with a food container; 
           [0043]      FIG. 19  is a side elevational view of  FIG. 18 . 
           [0044]      FIG. 20  is a perspective view of the sixth embodiment of the condiment container; 
           [0045]      FIG. 21  is an inverted perspective view of a sixth embodiment of the condiment container; 
           [0046]      FIG. 22  is a top plan view of the sixth embodiment; 
           [0047]      FIG. 23  is a bottom plan view of the sixth embodiment; 
           [0048]      FIG. 24  is a side elevational view of the sixth embodiment; 
           [0049]      FIG. 25  is an end elevational view of the sixth embodiment; 
           [0050]      FIG. 26  is a cross-sectional view of the sixth embodiment showing opening and access to the spout for squeezing; and 
           [0051]      FIG. 27  is a cross-sectional view of the sixth embodiment showing opening and access for dipping. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0052]    Turning now to  FIG. 1  a first embodiment of the condiment container  20  according to this invention is adapted for marketing, and delivery to a consumer as an individual portion of a condiment. The condiment container  20  is formed by a container or cup portion  22  (see  FIG. 2 ) and a lid or cover portion  24  (see  FIG. 1 ) which are sealed together by an adhesive along a flange  26 . 
         [0053]    The lid portion  24  is preferably fabricated from a material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), amorphous polyethylene terephthalate (APET), oriented polyethylene terephthalate (OPET), polyester (PE), low density polyester (LDPE), linear low density polyester (LLDPE), metalocene linear low density polyester (mLLDPE), high density polyester (HDPE), metalocene polyester (mPE), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polypropylene (PP), high impact polystyrene (HIPS), foil, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), polyamide, Nylon, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and combinations thereof. Where foil is used, that foil may be an aluminum foil, or other metal foil. Typically, the thickness of the lid portion  24  will lie in the range of about 1 mil to about 5 mils. More preferably, the lid portion  24  may have a thickness in the range of about 1 mil to about 3 mils. The thickness of the lid portion  24  is selected to be more flexible than the cup portion, to have sufficient tensile integrity that the lid portion  24  can be pulled away from the cup portion overcoming the tackiness of the adhesive, and to have a surface texture that is graspable but not too slippery. The lid portion  24  preferably has a peripheral contour that substantially corresponds to the perimeter of the flange  26 . 
         [0054]    While the lid portion  24  may comprise a single layer of the selected material, the lid portion  24  may also be fabricated of multiple layers bonded, co-extruded or otherwise formed together into a cohesive structure, where one or more of the layers is selected from the group of materials set forth above. Regardless of the particular composition used for the lid portion  24 , all surfaces of the lid portion  24  which face the packaged condiment are required to be food-safe. If the condiment to be packaged experiences oxygen degradation over time, the lid portion  24  may include an oxygen control layer or an oxygen scavenger layer in its structure. One suitable material for an oxygen control layer is EVOH which can function not only as an oxygen barrier but may also function as a moisture barrier. Depending on the condiment, the material from which the lid portion  24  is fabricated may be transparent, translucent, or opaque. Moreover the material may be colored, if desired. 
         [0055]    While the combinations of acceptable material combinations for the lid portion  24  is large, the following table identifies some combinations known to be useful for the lid stock. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Lid Stock Structures 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 PET/foil/LDPE-based sealant 
               
               
                   
                 PET/foil/EVA-based sealant 
               
               
                   
                 PET/LDPE-based sealant 
               
               
                   
                 OPET/PE/foil/LDPE/mLLDPE 
               
               
                   
                 OPET/PE/foil/PE/mLLDPE 
               
               
                   
                 Metalocene PE 
               
               
                   
                 EVA 
               
               
                   
                 PET/MET-PET/EVA-based sealant 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0056]    The cup portion  22  (see  FIG. 2 ) includes a receptacle  30  which extends away from the flange  26  and includes a generally planar bottom surface  32  which may be generally rectangular. In addition, the receptacle  30  includes a sidewall  36  extending between the bottom surface  32  and the flange  26 . The flange  26  extends generally radially from the edge  40  (see  FIG. 2 ) and defines a substantial area which is exposed until the lid portion  24  is applied. In addition, one side of the receptacle may include a generally triangular or generally trapezoidal surface  34  which is inclined relative to the generally planar flange  26  and the bottom surface  32 . At one side of the receptacle  30  a spout  38  is provided. Preferably, the cup portion  22  is designed so as to be symmetrical about a longitudinal plane extending perpendicularly to the plane of  FIG. 5  and generally coincident with the line 9-9. 
         [0057]    When the lid portion  24  is in place, that symmetry of the cup portion  22  coupled with the inclined surface  34  and the lid portion  24  creates a funnel or converging cross-sectional area at the side of the receptacle so that the funnel communicates with the spout  38 . Thus, the spout  38  exhibits a cross-sectional area that is much smaller than the area exposed at the top edge of the receptacle  34  (see  FIG. 4 ). 
         [0058]    The cup portion  22  (see  FIG. 3 ) is preferably fabricated from a material that is more rigid than the stock from which the lid portion is made. Thus, the bending stiffness of the cup portion  22  exceeds the bending stiffness of the lid portion  24 . That difference in stiffness makes the lid portion more readily deform for removal and opening of the assembled container. Although the cup portion  22  is stiffer than the lid portion  24 , the cup portion  22  preferably is sufficiently pliable that it can be deflected by squeezing with hand pressure—i.e., pressure applied by fingers of an unaided human hand. Nevertheless, the cup portion  22  is sufficiently stiff that it does not deform or deflect in the absence of force. With those constraints and in the absence of the lid portion  24 , the cup portion  22  can be supported by the bottom surface to provide a sufficiently rigid container to hold a condiment without spilling. In this connection, the generally planar flange  26  extending outwardly from the perimeter  40  of the receptacle also functions to stiffen the receptacle region of the cup portion  22 . 
         [0059]    In some applications, it may be desirable to have a bottom surface  32  (see  FIG. 4 ) having increased stiffness. Such an increased stiffness may be accomplished by providing an embossed feature  44  in the bottom surface  32 . Such an embossed feature  44  may also extend onto the inclined surface  34 , if desired. In some applications, that embossed feature  44  may comprise a logo of the manufacturer. The enhanced stiffness results from the depth of the embossed feature  44  relative to the plane of the bottom surface  32 . 
         [0060]    In general, the material from which the cup portion  22  is fabricated may be selected from the same group of materials available for the lid portion  24 , namely the group consisting of PET, APET, OPET, MET-PET, PE, LDPE, LLDPE, mLLDPE, HDPE, mPE, EVA, PP, mOPP, PS, HIPS, foil, EVOH, polyamide, Nylon, PVC, biaxially oriented materials, materials complying with 21 C.F.R. Part 177, and combinations thereof. Where foil is used, that foil may be an aluminum foil, or other metal foil. Typically, the thickness of the cup portion  22  will lie in the range of about 3 mils to about 20 mils. More preferably, the cup portion  22  may have a thickness in the range of about 8 mils to about 12 mils. The thickness of the cup portion  22  is selected to be less flexible than the lid portion  24  so that the lid portion  24  can be pulled away from the cup portion  22  overcoming the tackiness of the adhesive. 
         [0061]    As with the lid portion  24 , certain combinations of the materials for the cup portion  22  have been found to be particularly suitable, as set forth in the table below. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Suitable Cup Portion Material Combinations 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 PVC/adhesive layer/sealant film 
               
               
                   
                 APET/adhesive layer/sealant film 
               
               
                   
                 APET/sealant film 
               
               
                   
                 PP/adhesive layer/sealant film 
               
               
                   
                 HIPS 
               
               
                   
                 APET/EVOH 
               
               
                   
                 APET/PE/EVOH/PE 
               
               
                   
                 APET/HDPE/EVOH/LDPE 
               
               
                   
                 APET/Nylon/APET 
               
               
                   
                 APET/Nylon/EVOH 
               
               
                   
                 PS/EVA/EVOH/EVA/sealant 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0062]    The receptacle of the condiment container  20  is preferably sized to contain a suitable individual serving of the condiment, for example, a nominal volume of about one ounce. While larger and smaller nominal volumes are within the scope of this invention, the nominal volume will generally correspond to the quantity of the particular condiment desired by a typical individual. As seen in  FIG. 3 , the receptacle portion of the package has a nominal width corresponding to the maximum distance between the opposed sidewalls at the location of the edge  40  and extending transverse to the plane of symmetry between opposed sidewalls, a nominal length being the maximum length between sidewalls of the receptacle at the location of the edge  40  and measured along the plane of symmetry, and a nominal depth (see  FIG. 4 ) also measured in the plane of symmetry but extending from the bottom surface  32  to the flange  26 . These nominal dimensions define the nominal volumetric capacity for the receptacle portion. 
         [0063]    Another important feature of the cup portion  22  is lateral stability against tipping. Furthermore these nominal dimensions can be used to establish guidelines that provide adequate tipping stability. More specifically, the ratio of the nominal height to the nominal width is preferably less that about 0.5, and more preferably less than about 0.45. In addition, the ratio of the nominal height to the nominal length is preferably less that about 0.3, and more preferably less than about 0.26. When the receptacle of the cup portion  22  has nominal dimensions within these ranges, the receptacle is sufficiently stable that it does not tip when a food item is dipped in the condiment contained therein. 
         [0064]    The lid portion  24  and the cup portion  22  are sealed together using a food-grade adhesive so as to define an encapsulated volume isolated from the environment. One technique for accomplishing the seal is to include a heat-sealable layer on the inside of the lid portion  24  and on the inside of the cup portion  22 . Upon application of heat and pressure applied to the flange  26 , the adjacent surfaces bond together forming the appropriate seal surrounding the periphery of the edge  40  of the receptacle. Alternatively, a suitable food-grade adhesive compatible with the materials of the container may be used. The adhesive is preferably applied so as to surround the edge  40  of the receptacle (see  FIG. 3 ), but not so at to be contiguous therewith—i.e., some space exists between the adhesive and the edge  40 . Moreover, the adhesive is applied so that it does not cover the spout  38 . Preferably, the condiment container is capable of withstanding an applied force of at least about 50 lbs without bursting or breaking through the seal. More preferably, an applied force of about 70 lbs. will not burst the seal. 
         [0065]    The adhesive preferably extends to the peripheral edge  50  of the flange  26 , but provides an non-bonded region  52  at one side of the receptacle. That non-bonded region  52  extends inwardly along the flange  26  from the peripheral edge  50  of the flange by a distance sufficient that a pull-tab portion  54  (see  FIG. 5 ) of the lid portion  24  not adhesively connected to the flange  26  is sufficiently large to be graspable between fingers. A distance of about 0.5 inches or more is graspable for the pull-tab  54 . It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that attempting to peel a lid portion away from the flange  26  (see  FIG. 3 ) is difficult due to the width of the seal. It has been found, however, that inclusion of a generally angular feature  56  aligned with the plane of symmetry and defining part of one edge of the non-bonded region  52  provides a peel-initiator that reduces the necessary force to peel the lid portion away from the flange  26 . Inclusion of a peel-initiator at the edge of the non-bonded region materially enhances the ease with which the lid portion can be removed from the container. 
         [0066]    From the foregoing discussion, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the tab  54  can be grasped to pull the lid portion  24  away from the flange  26  of the cup portion  22  to expose the receptacle and its contents. Such a step would prepare the container for dipping a food item into the condiment. However, a different opening scheme is also available with the container of this invention. More particularly, the container may be provided with a weakened region in the vicinity of the spout  38  for the purpose of opening the spout  38  as an alternative to removal of the lid portion  24 . The weakened region may, for example, comprise a pair of aligned slits  60 ,  62  in the vicinity of the spout  38 . The slits  60 ,  62  are aligned with one another and straddle the spout  38 . The slits  60 ,  62  may extend through the thickness of both the lid portion  24  and the cup portion  22 . With this arrangement, the distal end of the container  20  can be bent to fracture the material of the container and expose a channel through the spout  38  into the receptacle. At that point application of pressure to the receptacle will cause the condiment to be expelled through the spout  38  in directionally controlled and defined way. 
         [0067]    The aligned slits  60 ,  62  can be applied to the container before, during, or after assembly of the condiment container  20 . However, an efficient mechanical way of creating the aligned slits  60 ,  62  is to form them at the same time that the lid portion  24  is applied to the cup portion  22  and adhesively connected thereto. Alternatively, a laser scoring process may be employed to weaken the container around the spout  38  so that an end of the container can be snapped or twisted off to expose the end of the spout passage. 
         [0068]    The materials selected for the lid portion  24 , the cup portion  22 , and the adhesive are preferably chosen so that the condiment has a desired shelf life. In the case of a condiment such as ketchup, a shelf-life of at least six months is desirable. With condiments like ketchup, shelf-life can be evaluated by changes in the color characteristics of the condiment. Testing for shelf-life can, therefore, be conducted using colorimetric analyses. The Hunter Lab color space and the L*a*b* color space use three coordinates to define any particular color. For example, in the L*a*b* color space, the coordinates L*, a*, and b* define the three-dimensional color space. The L* component measures lightness and correlates particularly well with human eye perceptions. The L* value ranges between 0 corresponding to pure black and 100 corresponding to pure white. The a* coordinate measures the color position between red/magenta and green, with negative values indicating green and positive values indicating magenta. The b* component measures the color position between yellow and blue, with negative values indicating blue, while positive values indicate yellow. Accordingly, changes in ketchup color over time can be evaluated by the value of and changes in the value of the L*, a*, and b*, or L, a, b components. For purposes of shelf-life analysis, it has been found that the lightness component, L* or L, provides a reliable parameter to correlate with shelf-life. More particularly, as long as the L* component value remains within about 10% of its initial value, during the shelf-life, the shelf-life requirement is satisfied. In addition, the ratio of a*/b* or a/b is also indicative of product degradation. Thus, in some instances, satisfactory shelf-life may be determined when the L* (or L) component and the a*/b* (or a/b) ratio remain within about 10% of their initial values, respectively. Other condiments for which color changes over time can also be colorimetrically evaluated for shelf-life using one or more of the L*a*b* color space components. 
         [0069]    An alternative embodiment of the invention is shown in  FIG. 7 . In this arrangement, the peel initiator  56 ′ and the adjacent seal portion are constructed such that the peel-initiator blends to a seal presenting a gradually increasing resistance, as opposed to the step-wise increasing resistance of the first embodiment. This arrangement is characterized by the angularly converging portions of the seal that terminates with the peel-initiator  56 ′. 
         [0070]    Yet another embodiment of the invention includes a pair of peel-initiator structures in the adhesive bonding between the lid portion  24  and the cup portion (see  FIG. 8 ). In this arrangement, a peel initiator  64 ,  66  is provided at corresponding corners of the adhesive seal. With this arrangement, the lid portion  24  may be peeled away from either corner with a corresponding reduction in the force needed to initiate the peel-away. 
         [0071]    To assemble the condiment container  20 , the cup portion  22  may be exposed to a dispensing mechanism that deposits a metered volume of condiment  70  (see  FIG. 9 ) in the receptacle. The metered volume supplied is less than the actual volume of the receptacle so that some head space exists above the condiment. After the adhesive is applied to the flange  26 , the lid portion  24  is positioned in overlying relationship to the cup portion  22  and sealed thereto. The resulting structure includes an adhesive  72  bonding the lid portion  24  and the cup portion  22  (see  FIG. 10 ). 
         [0072]    In another embodiment of the condiment container  20  (see  FIG. 7 ), the non-bonded region  54  may be enlarged insofar as its width in the direction of the plane of symmetry is concerned. Other than the peel-initiator  56 ′ and associated structure, the condiment container  20  of this embodiment has the same features and characteristics as the embodiment described above in connection with  FIGS. 1-6 . Accordingly, those common features will not be repeated here. The peel-initiator  56 ′ of this second embodiment extends farther into the region  54  than in the first embodiment while the adhesive seal  70  has a substantially uniform width around the edge of the receptacle. Here, the peel-initiator  56 ′ is shaped substantially as a chevron, caret, or curly bracket. Moreover, the peel-initiator  56 ′ is positioned in general longitudinal alignment with the spout  38  but is located on the opposite side of the receptacle from the spout  38 . With such an arrangement, the alternative structures for opening the package are separated from one another so that the user or consumer makes a conscious decision as to whether to open the condiment container by breaking or tearing open the spout  38  for a squeeze application, or to peel back the lid portion  24  so that the container  20  can be used for a dipping application. 
         [0073]    In a further embodiment (see  FIG. 8 ), the condiment container  20  has a different position and arrangement for the peel-initiator but is otherwise fully described by the discussion above in connection with  FIGS. 1-6 , which discussion will not be repeated here. In this further embodiment, a pair of peel-initiators  64 ,  66  are provided, and each peel-initiator  64 ,  66  is positioned at a corresponding corner of adhesive seal  70  generally aligned with a corner of the receptacle. Recognizing that some consumers may find it easier, or more intuitive to start peeling back the lid portion  24  from a corner, the corner location of the peel initiators  64 ,  66  facilitates the peel opening. As shown, the peel-initiators  64 ,  66  are symmetric with respect to the plane of symmetry for the condiment container so that either corner may be randomly chosen by the consumer or user to start the peel opening process. 
         [0074]    It is also within the purview of this disclosure that only one peel-initiator be used and that that peel-initiator be located at a corner of the condiment container offset from the plane of symmetry. Such a container may look like the embodiment of  FIG. 8  but with only one of the peel-initiators  64 ,  66  being present. It is likely that with such an embodiment directions might be provided on the outside surface of the lid portion  24  focusing consumer attention on the appropriate corner for peel initiation. Alternatively, the cup portion  22  and the lid portion  24  could be trimmed more closely to the adhesive line at one corner, leaving a tab projecting from the other corner and the peel-initiator so that peel-type opening would necessarily occur at the peel-initiator, whether it is centrally positioned or arranged at that other corner of the container. Here again, the features of such a condiment container are adequately described above in connection with  FIGS. 1-6  and will not be repeated here. 
         [0075]    To use the condiment container  20 , (see  FIG. 11 ), the consumer initially decides whether to have controlled dispensing of the condiment or to have full access to the receptacle. Where controlled dispensing is desired, the end of the container is broken off or twisted off at the location of the weakened area to expose the end of the spout  38 . By applying finger pressure to the receptacle area, condiment is squeezed out of the spout so that it can be applied selectively, directionally, and in a controlled manner to a food item. Where fuller access to the condiment is desired (see  FIG. 12 ), the tab  54  may be pulled away from the flange, past the peel-initiator, and away from the upper edge of the receptacle to expose as much (or all) of the receptacle as may be desired. 
         [0076]    Yet another embodiment of the condiment container  20  (see  FIG. 13 ) has a different position for the peel-initiator  84 . The features of this condiment container not specifically described are adequately described in connection with  FIGS. 1-6  and will not be repeated here. In this arrangement, the peel initiator  84  is aligned with the spout  38  and positioned so that the spout  38  is between the peel initiator  84  and the receptacle of the cup portion  22  (see  FIG. 14 ). Here, the flange  26  of the cup portion  22  includes a tongue  80 , which may be generally rectangular, symmetrically disposed with respect to the spout  38  and extending beyond the spout. The peel-initiator  84  may have a generally angular or generally pointed feature oriented outwardly away from the spout  38  and the receptacle, but in general alignment therewith. Preferably, the tongue  80  extends beyond the peel-initiator  84  by a distance of 0.5 inches or more. The lid portion  24  (see  FIG. 13 ) also includes a tongue  82  adapted, sized, and arranged to overlie and conform to the tongue  80  of the cup portion. 
         [0077]    To open the condiment container  20 , the tongue  86  of the lid portion  22  (see  FIG. 14 ) is grasped and peeled away from the tongue  80  of the cup portion  22 , for example in the direction of arrow  86 . After the separation begins at the peel-initiator  84 , the tongue  82  of the lid portion  22  exposes the end of the spout  38 . At this point, the condiment container  20  may be squeezed by the user so that condiment is expressed through spout  38  in a controlled and readily directed manner. Rather than stopping when the spout is exposed, the lid portion  24  may be peeled farther away from the tongue  80  of the cup portion  22  to expose a portion or all of the receptacle and the condiment  70  therein. Thus, the container  20  can provide a dipping container for a food item. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that it is not required that the lid portion either open the spout or open the receptacle. If desired, the consumer may first open the spout and dispense some of the condiment therethrough, and later open the lid portion to expose the receptacle to use some of the condiment by dipping. Moreover, if desired, the lid portion may be partially opened or completely removed. 
         [0078]    Another embodiment of the condiment container  20  (see  FIG. 16 ) may have the spout  38  located at one end with the graspable tongue extending in a generally triangular configuration beyond the spout  38 . The features of this condiment container not specifically described are adequately described in connection with  FIGS. 1-6  and will not be repeated here. This embodiment also includes a generally pentagonal receptacle  90 , but with sides meeting at obtuse angles. One end of the container has a generally straight edge  91  extending generally perpendicularly to the plane of symmetry for the container  20 , and having a length corresponding to the maximum width of the container  20 . The container also includes side edges  93 ,  95  extending from corresponding ends of the straight edge  91  to corresponding corners of the container. A pair of symmetrically disposed slits  92 ,  94  extend from the corresponding side edge  93 ,  95  toward the straight edge  91 , but do not intersect that straight edge  91 . The slits  92 ,  94  may be straight or arcuate, as desired, but the blind end of each slit  92 ,  94  is spaced from the straight edge  91  as well as from both side edges  93 ,  95 . With that arrangement, the slits  92 ,  94 , and the side edges  93 ,  95  cooperate to define a pair of symmetrically disposed ears  96 ,  98 . At the time of manufacture, the ears  96 ,  98  lie in the plane of the flange  26  (see  FIG. 17 ). 
         [0079]    In use, the condiment container  20  of this embodiment provides an additional convenience feature (see  FIG. 18 ). The ears  96 ,  98  may be pushed out of the plane of the flange  26  so that an upper edge of a package  100  can be received between the ears  96 ,  98  and the flange  26 . In this fashion, the condiment package  20  can be dispensed with the package  100  where appropriate. The condiment container  20  can be configured for opening a described above in any of the other embodiments. Moreover, when opened for dipping use (see  FIG. 19 ), the cooperation between the ears  96 ,  98  and the side of the package  100  will support the condiment container  20  in cantilevered position so that the condiment is readily accessible. 
         [0080]    If desired, the surface of each ear  96 ,  98  may be treated to enhance frictional engagement with a package  100 . For example, the surface of the ears  96 ,  98  could be roughened relative to other surfaces of the container  20 , or may have a low tack adhesive applied to at least a portion thereof. 
         [0081]    The shape of the receptacle in the cup portion may be generally generally pentagonal as depicted in the embodiments described above, but may also have other desired shapes. For example, generally rectangular, generally square, generally triangular, generally polygonal, oblong, generally elliptical, and other shapes for the receptacle are all within the scope of this disclosure. For example, another embodiment of the condiment container  20  may include a generally cylindrical receptacle  110  (see  FIG. 4A ). The features of this condiment container not specifically described are adequately described in connection with  FIGS. 1-6  and will not be repeated here. As seen from the various embodiments shown and described in this disclosure, the flange  26  surrounding the receptacle may follow the shape of the upper edge of the receptacle, or may have a larger area. In  FIG. 21 , for example, the flange  26  is generally rectangular thereby providing multiple locations from which the lid portion can be peeled back, some of which access the spout and some of which access the receptacle. 
         [0082]    To make a container in accordance with this disclosure, the material for the cup portion is typically provided in a roll. That roll of material is unwound into a forming device as a substantially continuous sheet where a plurality of receptacles are formed. Typically, the receptacles may be formed in a row having two to about twelve or more receptacles therein, thereby forming a sheet with receptacles in straight transverse rows and straight longitudinally extending rows running in the direction of the length of the sheet unwound from the roll. 
         [0083]    The sheet with formed receptacles then advances to filling apparatus. In that filling apparatus, the desired condiment is deposited in the receptacles through a conventional metering device to control the quantity and volume of condiment for each receptacle. Ordinarily, there is a filling head for each longitudinal row of receptacles in the sheet. Moreover, these filling heads may supply the same condiment in each of the longitudinal rows. However, if desired, it is within the scope of this disclosure that adjacent fill heads may deliver different condiments so that different condiments are filled in the receptacles of adjacent longitudinal rows of the sheet. 
         [0084]    Next, the sheet with filled receptacles is flushed with gas compatible with the product and helpful in retarding product degradation. At this point a second sheet of material for the lid portion is unrolled and advanced into overlying relationship with the receptacle sheet where it is sealed into position with respect to each of the receptacles. 
         [0085]    The filled, covered, receptacles in the substantially continuous sheet then advance to a die cutting machine where individual containers are cut from the continuous sheet. Conventional accumulation, packaging, palletizing, storing, and shipping of the individual containers then occurs. 
         [0086]    The word “about” is used in connection with numerical values at various locations throughout this specification with the intent of avoiding mathematical precision for those numerical values. Accordingly, when the word “about” is used in connection with a numerical value or range of values, it is intended that the word “about” should be interpreted as including a tolerance of ±10% around the stated numerical value. To similar effect, the words “generally” and “substantially” are used throughout this specification in connection with various geometric words, terms, and/or phrases. The intent of the words “generally” and “substantially” in such a context is to avoid strict geometrical definitions, to encompass structures which approximate the geometrical definitions, and to include features that are not precisely met by the related terms and/or phrases. 
         [0087]    Moreover, it is expressly intended that this invention be interpreted so as to be consistent with all parts of this specification. Thus, the summary, abstract, drawing description, and the like are not intended to be limiting but are intended to summarize some, but not all, features, or to provide an overview of the entire specification, or of a particular drawing. 
         [0088]    It will now be apparent to those skilled in the art that this specification describes a new, useful, and nonobvious condiment container. Moreover, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous modifications, variations, substitutions, and equivalents exist for the various features of the invention described in the appended claims. Accordingly, it is expressly intended that all such modifications, variations, substitutions, and equivalents which fall within the spirit and scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims, be embraced thereby.