Abstract:
The invention relates to a variable sensor interface for a control unit, this variable sensor interface including a circuit board which is provided with components. In a sensor interface which can easily be used for the use of different sensor types, the circuit board has a predefined conductive track layout having a plurality of predefined mounting locations, the mounting locations being provided with components in a sensor-specific manner.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
       [0001]    The invention relates to a variable sensor interface for a control device, comprising a circuit board which is equipped with components for connecting at least one external sensor. 
         [0002]    Control devices are used in automotive technology, receiving signals from a plurality of sensors arranged distributed in motor vehicles. These sensors are guided to a sensor interface inside the control device. A control device in a steering system of a motor vehicle is known from DE 10 2006 046 834 A1, which is connected to a magnetic field sensor to determine a steering angle, which sensor determines the rotor position of the rotor shaft of an electric motor. 
         [0003]    In many cases the control device is not only connected to one sensor but to various sensor types, which require different interface circuits. These interface circuits may represent for example a current interface, a PWM interface, an analog interface, or the like. Furthermore, passive as well as active sensors are connected. This variety of sensor types requires that a specifically defined sensor interface must be provided for each sensor type, which is installed in the control device. Based on this plurality of sensors the interface must be prepared concretely for the sensors to be connected, which largely increases the number of sensor interfaces to be rendered available. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0004]    The invention is therefore based on the objective to provide a sensor interface for a control device to which various sensor types can be easily connected. 
         [0005]    According to the invention the objective is attained such that the circuit board exhibits a conductive track layout with a plurality of predetermined mounting locations for components, with the mounting locations being allowed to be equipped with sensor specific components. By way of such flexibility, here various configurations of sensors can be connected to a control device without requiring any change of the specifically predetermined conductive track layout. Accordingly, the provision of various interfaces for the respective sensor types can be waived, because the variable sensor interface can be varied by a simple equipment of selected mounting locations with components. This way the interface variety is limited and the production costs are reduced. 
         [0006]    Advantageously, a predetermined number of resistors and/or capacitors can be specifically connected to various mounting locations for each sensor. This variable sensor interface therefore provides a circuit for resistors and capacitors by providing assembly options, which with minimum expense and without changing the conductive track layout of the circuit board is suitable for various sensor types. 
         [0007]    In one embodiment, a protective circuit for transient interferences and/or ESD (electrostatic discharge) can be specifically connected to at least one mounting location for one sensor. 
         [0008]    In one variant, an overcurrent protection circuit can be connected to at least one of the mounting locations. In case of short circuits, such an overcurrent protection circuit limits the amperage and thus protects the control device from damage. 
         [0009]    In one embodiment the overcurrent protection circuit is arranged in one or more current paths of the conductive track layout, which provides the operating voltage or the ground for the external sensor. Here, the arrangement occurs in the supply path for protecting from short circuitry to the ground and/or in the ground path for protecting from short circuitry towards the battery voltage or another voltage. 
         [0010]    A further development of the invention relates to a control device for a motor vehicle, which can be connected to at least one external sensor by the external sensor being connected to a sensor-interface. In a control device to which a plurality of sensor types can be connected the sensor-interface is embodied according to at least one feature of this patent application. Such a control device is provided for connecting various sensor types. Here, it is particularly advantageous that the sensor interface can be embodied according to each sensor type without requiring that any change of the conductive track layout occurs on the circuit board of the sensor interface. 
         [0011]    Advantageously, each input and/or output of the sensor interface can be switched with a protective circuit for transient interferences and/or ESD. This is advantageous in that the electromagnetic interferences are already detected and intercepted at the location of their entering the control device. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0012]    The invention allows numerous embodiments. Two of them shall be explained in greater detail based on the figures shown in the drawing. 
           [0013]    Shown are: 
           [0014]      FIG. 1 : a first exemplary embodiment of the control device according to the invention, 
           [0015]      FIG. 2 : a second exemplary embodiment of the control device according to the invention. 
       
    
    
       [0016]    Identical features are marked with the same reference characters. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0017]      FIG. 1  shows a first exemplary embodiment of a control device  1 , as used for example in a motor vehicle. Here, the control device  1  has two outputs  2 ,  3  for the energy supply of external sensors, which are not shown in greater detail. The output  2  is switched with a first protective circuit  4  for transient interferences and ESD, which are switched serially with a first overcurrent protection circuit  5 . This overcurrent protective circuit  5  is connected via a first resistor R 1  to a first voltage source  6  of the control device  1 . In case of short circuitry, the overcurrent protection circuit  5  limits the current of the supply voltage  6  at the output  2  and this way prevents any damage of the control device  1 . 
         [0018]    The second output  3  of the control device  1  is also connected via a second protection circuit  7  for transient interferences and ESD, which leads to a second overcurrent protection circuit  8 . This second overcurrent protection circuit  8  is connected via the resistor R 2  to a second voltage source  9  of the control device  1 . A third resistor R 3  is arranged between the first overcurrent protection circuit  5  and the first resistor R 1  as well as the second overcurrent protective circuit  8  and the second resistor R 2 . By the assembly options of the resistors R 1 , R 2 , and R 3  the two supply voltages  6 ,  9  of the control device  1  can be combined arbitrarily for the two outputs  2 ,  3 . This is shown in greater detail in table 1. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 First output 2 
                 Second output 3 
                 R1 
                 R2 
                 R3 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 Voltage source 6 
                 Voltage source 6 
                 0 Ohm 
                 Not 
                 0 Ohm 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 equipped 
               
               
                 Voltage source 6 
                 Voltage source 9 
                 0 Ohm 
                 0 Ohm 
                 Not 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 equipped 
               
               
                 Voltage source 9 
                 Voltage source 9 
                 Not 
                 0 Ohm 
                 0 Ohm 
               
               
                   
                   
                 equipped 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0019]    Here, the identification “not equipped” shall indicate an interruption in the conductive track layout  17 . If the resistance amounts to 0 Ohm, a resistor bridge is provided in the conductive track layout  17 . 
         [0020]      FIG. 2  shows a second exemplary embodiment of a control device  10 , which in addition to the output  2  for an external sensor provides two inputs  11 ,  12  for the external sensor. The output  2  is connected to the voltage source  6  via the first protection circuit  4  for transient interferences and ESD and via the first overcurrent protection circuit  5 . The inputs  11  and  12  are each connected to a second and/or a third protective circuit  13 ,  14  for transient interferences and ESD. The second protective circuit  13  for transient interferences leads via a resistor R 5  and a filter resistor R Filter  to an internal input  15  of the control device  10 , at which either an analog/digital converter, now shown in greater detail, can be connected or a digital PWM-input. The filter resistor R Filter  is connected via a capacitor C Filter  to the ground. The second protective circuit  13  for transient interferences and ESD is connected via a resistor R 6  and the third protection circuit  14  for transient interferences and ESD via a resistor R 7  to an overcurrent protection circuit  16 , which in turn leads to the ground. 
         [0021]    In the case to be discussed further the protective circuits  4 ,  13 ,  14  for transient interferences and ESD as well as the filter resistor R Filter  and the filter capacitor C Filter  are mandatory. The filter resistor R Filter  and the filter capacitor C Filter  are required according to EMC-specifications (EMC-electromagnetic compatibility). However, applications are also possible in which the filter resistor R Filter  and the filter capacitor C Filter  can be waived. The resistors R 4  to R 7  represent assembly options. Depending on the application, the value of the filter resistance R Filter  and/or the filter capacitor C Filter  must be adjusted, which occurs depending on the speed the sensor signals change. In table 2 the potential interface types shall be shown, which are realized with the resistors R 4  to R 7  by the various assembly options. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Interface type 
                 R4 
                 R5 
                 R6 
                 R7 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 Resistance/ 
                 Equipped 
                 0 Ohm 
                 Not 
                 0 Ohm 
               
               
                 temperature 
                 with 1% R 
                   
                 equipped 
               
               
                 sensor (NTC, 
               
               
                 PCT, . . . ) 
               
               
                 2-pin current 
                 Not equipped 
                 0 Ohm 
                 Equipped 
                 Not 
               
               
                 interface 
                   
                   
                   
                 equipped 
               
               
                 3-pin PWM 
                 Equipped 
                 0 Ohm 
                 Not 
                 0 Ohm 
               
               
                 interface (open 
                   
                   
                 equipped 
               
               
                 collector) 
               
               
                 Passive inductive 
                 Equipped 
                 Equipped 
                 Equipped 
                 0 Ohm 
               
               
                 speed sensor 
               
               
                 Analog voltage 
                 Not equipped 
                 0 Ohm 
                 Not 
                 0 Ohm 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 equipped 
               
               
                 Analog current 
                 Not 
                 0 Ohm 
                 Equipped 
                 0 Ohm 
               
               
                   
                 equipped 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0022]    When using resistance and/or temperature sensors the inputs of the external sensor are switched to the inputs  11  and  12 . The output  2  remains open. R 4  represents a reference resistor, here. 
         [0023]    In case of a 2-pin current interference the connection of the external sensor occurs to the output  2  and to the input  11 . The input  12  remains open. R 6  is here a current/voltage converter resistor. 
         [0024]    If a 3-pin PWM-interface is used, the connection of the voltage supply occurs from the external sensor to the output  2  and the input  12 . The input  11  is used as the input for the sensor signal and R 4  is embodied as a pull-up resistor. 
         [0025]    If the external sensor is embodied as a passive inductive speed sensor, the connections of the external sensor occur to the inputs  11  and  12 . The output  2  remains open, while the resistors R 4  and R 5  serve to provide the signal with an offset, in order to allow feeding an analog-digital converter at the inner input  15 . This way it is ensured that the sensor signal is always in the positive voltage range. 
         [0026]    If the external sensor applied at the control device shows an analog voltage the voltage supply of the external sensor occurs by the output  2  and the input  12 . The input  11  is the input for the sensor signal. 
         [0027]    If the external sensor provides an analog current, the connection of the voltage supply of the external sensor occurs at the output  2  and at the input  12 . The input  11  is the input of the sensor signal and the resistor R 6  is a current/voltage converter resistor. 
         [0028]    The variable interface explained is suitable for any type of control device, in which the connection of various sensors is provided. The particular advantage comprises that the circuit can be adjusted to the respective external sensor without any change of the conductive track layout of the circuit board being necessary, but only the assembly of the resistors needs to be adjusted. 
       LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS 
       [0029]      1  control device 
         [0030]      2  output 
         [0031]      3  output 
         [0032]      4  protection circuit for transient interferences and ESD 
         [0033]      5  overcurrent protection circuit 
         [0034]      6  voltage source 
         [0035]      7  protection circuit for transient interferences and ESD 
         [0036]      8  overcurrent protection circuit 
         [0037]      9  voltage source 
         [0038]      10  control device 
         [0039]      11  input 
         [0040]      12  inlet 
         [0041]      13  protection circuit for transient interferences and ESD 
         [0042]      14  protection circuit for transient interferences and ESD 
         [0043]      15  internal input 
         [0044]      16  overcurrent protection circuit 
         [0045]      17  conductive track layout 
         [0046]    R 1  resistor 
         [0047]    R 2  resistor 
         [0048]    R 3  resistor 
         [0049]    R 4  resistor 
         [0050]    R 5  resistor 
         [0051]    R 6  resistor 
         [0052]    R 7  resistor 
         [0053]    R Filter  resistor 
         [0054]    C Filter  capacitor