Abstract:
An automatic control and management method for identification by using an identity equipment is proposed. The method includes using a login system to generate an identity certificate code; using a password to encode the identity certificate code and a unique random variable to generate an identity value; and generating an on-line connection verification data by using the identity certificate code and then storing the same into the login system. The process for logging in the login system includes using a portable identity equipment and inputting a password for identification so as to read out the encoded data. If disconnection occurs the login system automatically logs out to protect the confidential data. Thus, the identity equipment used in the present invention can be easily carried away.

Description:
This Nonprovisional application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(a) on Patent Application No(s). 93110023 filed in Taiwan, Republic of China on Apr. 9, 2004, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. 
   FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention is related to a method for automatic identification control and management. In the present invention, when an identification device is disconnected from a login system, the login system will log out automatically for sake of information security. Thus, the identification device can be made in a portable manner. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   Regardless of individuals or enterprises, people rely much on the information equipment and storage device to process or store bulk data nowadays. As a result, information security becomes a pressing issue recently. 
   In order to prevent data from being leaked out, the present computers, including desktops or notebook computers, have various protection functions. They employ passwords, fingerprint information, retina information or integrated circuit (IC) card to keep unauthorized users from accessing the data. Advantages and disadvantages of these methods are discussed as follows. 
   It is the most popular that the identification mechanism employs a password to log into a system as shown in  FIG. 1 . The user only needs to use a personal account  11  and password  13  to log into the system, such as a computer  10 , a website or the like. However, since the account  11  and password  13  are fixed, it will cause a security problem if the password is forgotten, intercepted or modified. 
   Furthermore, the account and the password are issued mostly by a specific authorized organization. However, the internal staffs of the organization can steal the account and the password easily. Besides, if the user forgets to log out after use, the interval before automatic logout is sufficient for an unauthorized person to steal or damage user&#39;s data. 
   The biological identification mechanism as shown in  FIG. 2  employs a fingerprint reader  20  of a login computer  10  to read user&#39;s unique biological information, i.e. fingerprint information, for identification. Although the biological information is unique for every person, the recognition capability and accuracy still need improving before this technology is widely used. Even though this technology is used, the interval before automatic logout is still sufficient for an unauthorized person to steal or damage user&#39;s data if the user forgets to log out after use. 
     FIG. 3  shows a chip card  32  for identification. Using the chip card  32  to log in the computer  10 , access a management system or the like is the optimal identification mechanism. The chip card  32  can be a Radio Frequency Identification card (RFID card), a contact IC card, a traditional magnetic card or a bar-code card storing identification information. During identification, an identification reader  30  reads the identification information recorded on the chip card  32  to identify user&#39;s identity. A password or other re-confirmation mechanisms can also be used to improve the protection capability. However, if the chip card  32  is lost or not taken back after use, the chip card  32  may be duplicated or replaced by other persons. Hence, an unauthorized person still has chances to steal the confidential data. 
   The RFID method mentioned above transmits data through radio frequency. The identification mechanism using identity (ID) cards made according to this technology is the major identification method nowadays. The ID card can be compact and have various shapes. Thus, it can be portable and easily hidden. The identification mechanism using RFID technology can take the place of the fingerprint readers and chip card readers. 
   An embodiment of the present invention employs identification and auto-logout mechanisms together with the RFID mechanism to provide a wireless identification method and an automatic identification system. Thereby, the present invention can prevent the confidential data from leakage caused by the incomplete identification mechanism of the prior art or user&#39;s carelessness. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention is a method for automatic identification control and management. The present invention can prevent the data from being leaked out or stolen because of the incomplete identification mechanism of the prior art or user&#39;s carelessness. 
   The present invention includes processes for installation of identity equipments, login of the host, and auto-logout of the host. The present invention includes a process to handle the installation of the identity equipments and generate on-line identification keys and an identity values, a process to log in the host and decode the encrypted identification key and the identity value in order for comparison with an identification key, a process to analyze in a cyclic manner the connection condition between the identity equipment and the host after login, and a process to auto-logout the system when disconnection occurs between the identity equipment and the host. 
   The auto-logout process is activated immediately after the installation and login process are performed. The auto-logout process includes a sub-process for cyclic analysis of the identity value to detect the connection condition between the identity equipment and the host, and a sub-process for auto-logout of the system when disconnection occurs between the identity equipment and the host. The auto-logout process blocks unauthorized access, prevents data leakage and secures confidential information. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention will be more readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: 
       FIG. 1  is a diagram of a conventional identification system using accounts and passwords; 
       FIG. 2  is a diagram of a conventional identification system using fingerprint information; 
       FIG. 3  is a diagram of a conventional identification system using IC cards; 
       FIG. 4A  is a diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 4B  is a diagram of an embodiment of the present invention using the RFID method; 
       FIG. 5A  is a diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 5B  is a diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 6  illustrates installation processes of the identity equipment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 7  illustrates the process for logging into the host of the present invention; 
       FIG. 8  illustrates the auto-logout process of the present invention; and 
       FIG. 9  illustrates the data flow diagram of the present invention. 
   

   DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
   The present invention is an automatic control and management system for identification. Reference is made to  FIG. 4A , which is the first embodiment of the present invention. It employs the RFID technique to transmit data in a wireless manner. In the present invention, the user  42  needs to carry the portable identity equipment  46 , i.e. an ID card, which is manufactured according to the RFID technique. Thereby, the system of the present invention can identify the identity of the user  42  by communicating with the portable identity equipment  46 . 
   In this embodiment, a host  40  is internally or externally connected to an identification receiver  44 . When the user  42  approaches the detection area of the identification receiver  44 , the portable identity equipment  46  immediately establishes a connection with the identification receiver  44 . The connection process can be used to identify the identity of the user  42 . Meanwhile, the connection process can also cooperate with the internal access control process of the login process of the host  40  to analyze the access authority of the user  42 . When disconnection occurs, e.g. the user  42  leaves the detection area of the host  40 , the system automatically logs out to prevent the leakage or damage of the data stored inside the host  40 . 
   As mentioned above, the portable identity equipment  46  can communicate with the identification receiver  44  to identify the identity of the user  42 . Furthermore, the present invention can be used together with an account and a password for the user  42  or his group, such as a division or a department of a company, to enhance the identification capability of the system. 
   Reference is made to  FIG. 4B , which is a schematic diagram for illustrating the RFID mechanism in accordance with the present invention. Therein, the identification receiver  44  is connected to the host  40 , which at least has a coupling unit  404 . When the portable identity equipment  46  is close enough to communicate with the identification receiver  44 , the coupling unit  404  will couple to the coupling unit  406  of the portable identity equipment  46 . 
   The portable identity equipment  46  can be a passive device with no battery; thereofore, when the portable identity equipment  46  communicates with the identification receiver  44 , the portable identity equipment  46  is driven by a power signal  403  sent from the identification receiver  44 , in which the power signal  403  is used to provide electric power. Meanwhile, the identification receiver  44  sends out a clock signal  402 . The coupling units  404  and  406  will then exchange at least a set of identification data  401 . In another embodiment of the present invention, the portable identity equipment  46  can automatically generate an identification password when the connection to the identification receiver  44  is established. Then, the user can use the identification password singly or together with other identification mechanisms to log in the system. 
   When the portable identity equipment  46  is disconnected from the identification receiver  44 , e.g. the user leaves the detected area or the host  40  is idle for a specific time interval, the automatic control and management system of the present invention automatically logs out. If the user intends to continue his/her work, another connection with the host  40  should be re-established. 
   The present invention is a control and management system for automatic identification or logout. Reference is made to  FIG. 5A , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. The host  40  has an identity receiver  50 . The identity receiver  50  is hung on, for example, a finger of the user  42  to check up his/her pulse or other biological conditions, such as brain waves, heartbeats, or breath, to establish a connection between the user  42  and the host  40 . The present invention can also be used together with a password mechanism or a biological identification mechanism, such as a fingerprint identification mechanism. When disconnection occurs, such as the user is left or dead, i.e. the user has no pulse, the system automatically logs out or deletes the important data stored inside the host  40  to prevent the leakage of the data. 
     FIG. 5B  shows a user  42  with an automatic identification device  54  connected to an identity equipment  52  through a cable  56 , or through a radio frequency. The identity equipment  52  can detect a biological condition, such as pulse, heartbeat or the like, of the user  42  as a reference. Meanwhile, the identity equipment  52  informs the automatic identification device  54  to log out from the system or to disable or delete the confidential data to prevent the leakage of the data when the disconnection occurs, e.g. the system is grabbed or the user is dead. 
   The present invention is an automatic control and management system for identification, which includes an installation process of the identity equipment, a login process, and an auto-logout process. After the identity equipment is installed, the login process is performed. Then, after the login process is finished, the present invention periodically checks an identification value to detect whether the connection between the identity equipment and login system of the host is failed or not. 
     FIG. 6  shows a flowchart of the present invention. Before using the identity equipment, the connection between the identity equipment and the login system has to be established. 
   The installation process of the identity equipment includes steps as follows. In step  601 , the user uses the identity equipment, such as an RFID card, to input the first identity code into the system, in which the first identity code is defined by the initialization system. In step  602 , the system uses the first identity code to read out the first identity value generated by the system. In step  603 , the first identity code is used to decode the first identity value generated by the system to obtain an identity certificate code. In practice, the user can use an identity certificate code generated by the system or a self-defined one. In step  604 , the system asks for inputting a new identity code, i.e. the second identity code, to substitute for the first identity code given initially in Step  601 . In step  605 , the second identity code is used to encode a first identification value to generate a second identity value. The first identification value can be a unique random value, or a value calculated by using various data, such as adding up the identity certificate code generated by Step  603 , the hardware serial number and the generation time of the first identification value (identity certificate code+hardware serial number+generation time). Hence, the second identity value generated in this step is a unique and random number. 
   In step  606 , the identity certificate code generated by Step  603  is used to encode a random-generated second identification value to get a connection verification data. The second identification value is an element of the first identification value. The second identification value can be the generation time described in Step  605 . In step  607 , the connection verification data is stored in the identity equipment, which can be an RFID card, chip card or other equipments that can be used for identification and have a memory inside. In Step  608 , the identity value is stored in the login system of the host. Step  608  can be performed before or after Step  607  is performed. It is used to respectively store the connection verification data and the identity value into the identity equipment and the login system of the host. When a user logs in the system, the login process as shown in  FIG. 7  is activated to verify whether the connection between the identity equipment and the login system of the host is correct or not so as to identify the user&#39;s identity. In step  609 , when the above steps are completed, the login process or detection process can then take place. 
   The above steps complete the installation of identity equipment. If the lost identity equipment is picked up, it is still unusable for unauthorized people, and the person who lost the identity equipment only needs to cancel the setting about the lost identity equipment and then repeat the above steps to install the identity equipment. 
   The login process of the present invention is shown in  FIG. 7 , which is a decoding process for the installation process shown in  FIG. 6  and includes following steps. In step  701 , a user uses the portable identity equipment (an RFID card or IC card) through a contact or non-contact manner, a radio frequency or a cable to connect with the login system of the host. In step  702 , the login system of the host asks for inputting an identity code, which is the second identity code set in the installation process shown in  FIG. 6 . In step  703 , the identity code is used to decode the identity value, such as the second identity value described in  FIG. 6 , which is read out by the system. In step  704 , the first identification value including the identity certificate code is obtained through step  703 , in which, as shown in  FIG. 6 , the first identity value can be “identity certificate code+hardware serial number+generation time”. In step  705 , the identity certificate code obtained in Step  704  is used to decode the connection verification data stored inside the identity equipment. As shown in  FIG. 6 , the connection verification data is generated by using the identity certificate code to encode the second identification value. Hence, this step is used to perform a decoding process to recover the second identification value. In step  706 , the identification values are checked to determine whether their variables are matched or not. It means that the variables of the first identification value obtained in Step  704  are compared with the variables of the second identification value obtained in Step  705  to determine whether the obtained identification values are matched or not, in which the variables can be the hardware serial number or the generation time of the first identification value. In step  707 , the limitation is analyzed. Suppose that the identification values are unmatched, the login-related information (such as login frequency and login time) is recoded. This step is used to prevent the inconvenience caused by inputting an erroneous password carelessly or the unauthorized attack for trying to crack the password. Therefore, it is necessary to set a reasonable limitation, such as the login frequency during a predetermined time interval or the number of erroneous password inputting. If the limitation is met, then jump to step S 710  to lock up the system and reject any further login attempts, or even delete the internal confidential data to prevent unauthorized access. Otherwise, return to Step  702 . In step  708 , if the identification values are matched, the user can input a login password to log in the system. In step  709 , the limitation for inputting the login password is analyzed. The present invention provides a reasonable limitation to prevent the inconvenience caused by carelessly inputting an erroneous password or the unauthorized attack for trying to crack the password. Therefore, it is also necessary to set a reasonable limitation for inputting the login password. The limitation can be the login frequency during a predetermined time interval or the number of erroneous password inputting (in practice, the present invention isn&#39;t limited in these implements manners). If the limitation is met, jump to step S 710  to lock up the system and reject any further login attempts, or even delete the internal confidential data to prevent unauthorized access. Otherwise, the login process is completed and terminated. After the login process is completed, the user can freely use the host computer and the confidential files inside until the disconnection between the portable identity equipment and the login system occurs. 
     FIG. 8  shows the auto-logout process of the present invention. If the connection between the identity equipment and the login system of the host fails because the user is left, the computer is idle for a long time, the user is dead or the identity equipment is stolen, then this auto-logout process is performed. The auto-logout process has following steps. 
   As shown in  FIG. 6 , the self-defined identity code is encrypted with a set of identification value to generate the identity value. As shown in  FIG. 7 , the identity code is used to decrypt the identity value to get the hardware serial number and the generation time of the first identification value. In step S 801 , the auto-logout process cyclically analyzes the identity value to check the connection condition between the identity equipment (such as an RFID card or IC card) and the login process. The auto-logout process keeps checking the connection condition cyclically until it finds the disconnection occurs between the portable identity equipment and the login system. 
   In step S 802 , when the disconnection occurs, the auto-logout process is instantly executed to prevent unauthorized access or usage. If the system is used in an area such as a security department or battlefield, either the information stored inside the host is automatically deleted or the computer is shut down immediately when disconnection occurs. The auto-logout process is terminated when the system logs out. 
   Summing up, as shown in  FIG. 9 , the method for automatic identification control and management provided in accordance with the present invention has following steps. 
   In step S 901 , an installation process of the identity equipment generates the connection identification data and identity value. In step S 902 , a login process decodes the connection identification data and the identity value for identification. In step S 903 , an analysis process checks the login state. If the user fails to login, then the system is terminated. In step S 904 , if the user logs in successfully, then cyclic analysis of the connection condition continues until the system logs out. 
   In step S 905 , if disconnection occurs, the system automatically logs out and then shuts down. 
   The present invention includes the installation process of the identity equipment, the login process, and the auto-logout process of the system. The present invention provides a usable, novel and advantageous system to overcome the disadvantages of current systems. 
   Above is the optimal embodiment of present invention; it is apparent that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.