Abstract:
A splice connector for a busway system utilizes individual connectors made of a conductive material and having a u-shaped cross-section that fit over ends of a pair of busbars to be connected to each other, and within which are mounted multi-contact louvers that extend the length of the connectors to establish a low impedance electrical connection between the connector and the respective busbars. The louvers are secured in place by a dovetail groove that retains the louvers within the connectors and causes the individual contact sections of the louvers to bow outwardly so as to press against the busbars when the connector is fitted over the busbars. The connectors are snapped into insulative housing halves or sections that align the connectors with the busbars, and that provide isolation between horizontally aligned pairs of connectors.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/448,043 entitled Electrical Busway Splice Connector, filed on Jul. 31, 2014, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates to a splice connector for joining or connecting sections of an electrical busway. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the splice connector includes four horizontally and vertically spaced u-shaped busbar connectors with internal contact louvers, and two insulating housing sections, each accommodating two of the bus bar connectors. Horizontal spacing and isolation of the individual bus bar connectors in each of the housing sections is provided by an internal vertically-extending separating wall, while vertical isolation is provided by a separate planar spacer that is positioned between the housing sections. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     The rigorous demands of mission critical data center sites require methods to quickly disconnect and reconnect equipment without removing power from any other equipment. One way to meet these demands is to supply power via a modular “Continuous Bus Power Distribution System” (CBusPDS), which uses busways mounted overhead, on a wall, or under a raised floor to provide continuous power to equipment or equipment cabinets via plug-in power taps that can be inserted into the busways anywhere along their length. The overhead or wall mounted CBusPDS configuration allows users/installers to quickly insert or relocate plug-in power taps for added or replacement equipment, and to quickly remove the power taps for repair or replacement as necessary. An example of such a busway is the PDI PowerWave Bus System™ available from Smiths Power and described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,819,676. Other examples of busways with removable power taps include is Universal Electric Corporation&#39;s Starline® Track Busway, described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,521,837; 6,517,363; and 6,296,498, and the busways or tracks disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,336,097; 5,449,056; 6,039,584; 6,105,741; 6,296,498; 6,521,837; 6,517,363; 6,805,226; 7,374,444; 7,468,488; and 7,470,861; and U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008/0302553. 
     In general, electrical distribution systems in the form of busways or tracks are made up of multiple straight, angled, and branching sections that can be connected together to fit different installation configurations. The electrical connectors that are used to join the sections are referred to as splices and generally include a set of connectors for electrically connecting together respective busbars in the busway sections to be joined. Examples of busway splices are disclosed in the above-cited U.S. Pat. No. 7,819,676, as well as which describes the POI PowerWave Bus System™, as well as U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,181,102; 3,189,679; 3,475,567; 5,609,254; 4,179,174; 5,760,339; and 5,854,445; 6,870,103; 6,983,742; and 7,678,995; and U.S. Patent Publication No. 2013/0171849. 
     In addition to connecting busbars in respective busbar sections, busbar connectors may be used in contexts that do not involve busway splices, such as the motor drive connection system of U.S. Patent Publication No. 2012/0264317, which pairs of u-shaped bus bar connectors housed in a single insulator housing, the bar connectors being mutually separated by an inner, vertically extending wall of the insulator housing. The arrangement of the present invention also utilizes an insulating housing with a vertically extending separator wall, but the insulting housing is arranged in upper and lower sections, and the splice includes a number of additional features not included in the arrangement of U.S. Patent Publication No. 2012/0264317, such as the use of multi-contact louvers in the individual busbar connectors and the inclusion of a vertical separator plate, which make the splice connector of the present invention especially suitable for use in modular power distribution systems such as the PDI PowerWave Bus System™. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An improved splice connector for sections of a power distribution busway includes upper and lower insulating housing sections arranged to support individual busbar connectors, each electrically connecting a respective busbar in each of the busway sections to be joined. The insulating housing sections are arranged to provide isolation between horizontally adjacent busbar connectors, while a separate plate is arranged to provide isolation between vertically adjacent busbar connectors in the respective upper and lower housing sections. 
     According to preferred embodiments of the invention, the splice connector utilizes individual connectors made of a conductive material and having a u-shaped cross-section that fit over ends of a pair of busbars to be aligned and electrically connected to each other, and within which are mounted multi-contact louvers that extend the length of the connectors to establish a low impedance electrical connection between the connector and the respective busbars. The louvers are secured in place by a dovetail groove that retains the louvers within the connectors and causes the individual contact sections of the louvers to bow outwardly so as to press against the busbars when the connector is fitted over the busbars. The connectors are snapped into insulative housing halves or sections that align the connectors with the busbars, and that provide isolation between horizontally aligned pairs of connectors. A planar insulator board provides separate between vertically-aligned pairs of busbars when the connectors are fitted over the busbars and the insulative housing sections are aligned and secured to each other to provide an easily assembled splice connection with a minimal number of parts and requiring a minimal number of assembly steps. A ground shunt in the form of a strap extends between and is secured to the busway sections. An optional ground shunt cover, data/communication cable cover, and shield housing may be added to complete the splice connector of the preferred embodiment. 
     As an optional added feature, the shims or spacers may be utilized to enable different sized u-shaped connectors to fit within a standard insulative housing section, thereby enabling the splice connector to be easily adapted to busway systems having different sizes of busbar. 
     Although not limited to a particular busway configuration, the splice connector of the invention is especially suitable for use in connection with power supply busway systems having multiple high current busbars, such as a CBusPDS busway system, which typically includes four bus bars arranged in upper and lower pairs. Those skilled in the art will, however, appreciate that the invention is not to be limited to high current power supply systems such as the four busbar arrangement, or to particular shape, dimensions, and configuration of the busbars or conductors to be connected. For example, the splice connector of the invention may be adapted to connect busway sections that supply single phase power, two pole power, two pole power with a neutral, or three phase power with or without neutral plus ground or DC power. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is an isometric view illustrating components of the splice connector of a first preferred embodiment of the invention before assembly to a pair of busway sections. 
         FIG. 2  is an isometric view of a pair of u-shaped connectors for use in the splice connector of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  is an isometric view of an insulative housing section for use in the splice connector of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 4  is an isometric view of one of the u-shaped connectors  FIG. 2  together with a pair of multi-contact louvers to be inserted into the u-shaped connector. 
         FIG. 5  is an enlarged view of the connector and louvers of  FIG. 4 . 
         FIG. 6  is an isometric view showing an assembled splice connector. 
         FIG. 7  is an isometric view of a pair of u-shaped connector and spacers for use in a second preferred embodiment of the invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Throughout the following description and drawings, like reference numbers/characters refer to like elements. It should be understood that, although specific exemplary embodiments are discussed herein there is no intent to limit the scope of present invention to such embodiments. To the contrary, it should be understood that the exemplary embodiments discussed herein are for illustrative purposes, and that modified and alternative embodiments may be implemented without departing from the scope of the present invention. 
       FIG. 1  shows individual parts of a busway splice connection constructed in accordance with the principles of a first preferred embodiment of the invention, for coupling two exemplary busway sections  1  and  2 . Busway section  1  includes a pair of lower busbars  3  and a pair of upper busbars  4 , and busway section  2  includes a pair of lower busbars  5  and a pair of upper busbars  6 , for supplying electricity to electrical equipment via plug-in power taps (not shown). The respective busway sections  1 ,  2  include housings  11 ,  12 , brackets  7  for supporting the busbars  3 - 6 , and/or various additional components (not shown) for receiving the power taps and enabling them to be electrically connected to the busbars  3 - 6 . Illustrated features of the busway sections include grooved side panels  8  to facilitate heat dispersion, and metal top and side panels  9  and  10  that are either integral with the housings  11 ,  12  or mounted therein to provide electromagnetic shielding around the busbars  3 - 6 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 1 , the busbars  3 - 6  in the respective sections  1 ,  2  are axially aligned so that ends  13  of the busbars face each other. The busway sections  1 ,  2  may correspond to those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,819,676, incorporated herein by reference. However, the invention is not limited to a particular busway system. In addition, within a particular busway system, the sections may have different shapes and dimensions, and may include both straight and curved sections or branched sections. While the busway sections illustrated in  FIG. 1  are 1000A busway sections, the invention is in no way limited to a particular power rating or carrying capacity. 
     Electrical connection between the busbars  3 - 10  is provided by electrically conductive connectors  14 - 17  having a generally u-shaped cross-section. Each of the connectors  14 - 17  receives a respective busbar end that extends from the busway sections  1 ,  2 . Two of the u-shaped connectors  14 ,  15  are in turn housed within a lower insulating housing section  18  and two of the u-shaped connectors  16 ,  17  are housed in an upper insulating housing section  19 . Enlarged views of a pair of the u-shaped busbar connectors  14 - 17  and one of the insulating housing sections  18 ,  19  are included in  FIGS. 2 and 3 . 
     As best shown in  FIG. 2 , the housing sections  18 ,  19  are preferably made of a high strength, high temperature plastic material and are arranged to both securely receive and support the busbar connectors  14 - 17 , and also to electrically isolate pairs of busbar connectors  14 ,  15  and  16 ,  17  from each other. To accomplish this, the housing sections  18 ,  19  each includes two sidewalls  20 , 21  and a top/bottom wall  22  integral with and perpendicular to the sidewalls to form three sides of a structure having a rectangular or square cross-section. An isolating wall  23  extends transversely to the top/bottom wall  22  and parallel to the sidewalls  20 , 21  of the housing sections Isolating wall  23  separates the housing sections  18 , 19  into two longitudinally-extending compartments  24 , 25  for receiving the u-shaped connectors  14 - 17 . 
     At each end of the longitudinally-extending compartments  24 , 25  is a respective u-shaped connector bulkhead  26 , 27  having a u-shaped cut-out that matches an exterior shape of the u-shaped connectors  14 - 17 , and into which the u-shaped connectors are fitted. The u-shaped connectors  14 - 17  are further supported and held in place by hooks or detents  28  extending from each side of the respective compartments  24 , 25 , i.e., from the interior surface of sidewalls  20 , 21  and facing surfaces of the isolating wall  23 , such that a distance between inwardly-extending ends of the hooks is slightly less than width of the u-shaped connectors, to form a snap-fit arrangement. In order to assemble the u-shaped connectors  14 - 17  to the insulating housing sections  18 , 19 , the u-shaped connectors  14 - 17  are inserted into corresponding compartments  24 , 25  of the respective housing sections  18 ,  19  by pushing them past the hooks or detents  28 , causing the hooks or detents to flex sufficiently to permit passage of the connectors. When the u-shaped connectors  14 - 17  are fully inserted into the housing sections and the exterior surface of the housing sections are seated in the corresponding u-shaped cut-outs or slots of the bulkheads  26 , 27 , the hooks or detents  28  clear the side walls of the connector and extend over the top edges  29 , 30  of the u-shaped connectors  14 - 17  to hold them in place. Optional vertically-extended ribs  34  extending from sidewalls  20 , 21  and/or isolating wall  23  may also be provided to further support and align the u-shaped connectors  14 - 17 . 
     Additional features of the housing sections  18 ,  19  include exterior fastening structures or flanges  31  that may be provided at facing edges of the housing sections  18 , 19  for receiving fasteners to secure the housing sections to each other when placed over the busbars  3 - 6 , and optional alignment structures such as slots  32  and pillars  33  arranged to extend into the alignment slots to facilitate alignment of the housing sections during assembly. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , u-shaped connectors  14 - 17  are arranged to include multi-contact slotted louvers  35 , 36 . While the invention is not limited to a particular louver configuration or mounting arrangement, in the illustrated example, the u-shaped connectors  14 - 17  include dovetail grooves  37 , 38  into which the louvers  35 , 36  are fitted, such that when sides of the louvers  35 , 36  are positioned in the dovetail portions of the grooves  37 , 38 , the louvers  35 , 36  are not only retained in place but also force to bow inwardly to securely engage the busbars  3 - 6  and thereby establish a good electrical connection between the busbars  3 - 6  and the connectors  14 - 17 . The slots in the louvers  35 , 36  enable individual sections  39  of the louvers to conform to the exterior surfaces of the busbars  3 - 6  and thereby accommodate tolerances in busbar dimensions and position. Although  FIGS. 4 and 5  only show one set of louvers  35 , 36  for each connector  14 - 17 , it is within the scope of the invention to provide two or more sets of grooves  37 , 38  and louvers  35 , 36  in each of the connectors  14 - 17 . An example of a part that may be used as a louver in the preferred splice connector is the “Contact SKT Solder ST Cable Mount Strip,” Part No. 192004-8, by Tyco Electronics, although it will be appreciated that numerous other multiple contact strips may be substituted. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , after the u-shaped connectors  14 - 17  have been assembled to the respective upper and lower insulating housing sections  18 ,  19 , the corresponding busbars  2 - 10  are inserted into the corresponding connectors  14 - 17  such that pairs of busbars are axially aligned and electrically connected by the connectors. 
     In additional to the vertical isolation provided by isolating walls  23  of the respective upper and lower housing sections  18 ,  19 , horizontal isolation between upper and lower pairs of busbar connectors  14 , 15  and  16 , 17  in the respective housing sections  18 ,  19  of the preferred splice connector is provided by a planar insulator or plate  40  that fits between the upper and lower busbar connectors  14 ,  15  and  16 ,  17  to complete the electrical isolation between the respective busbars. The dimensions of the planar insulator  40  are sufficiently large to enable the planar insulator  40  to extend between all of the busbar connectors  14 - 17 , but are less than the dimensions of the mating interface between the two housing sections  18 ,  19  so as to fit within the housing sections. To accommodate the planar insulator  40 , the height of isolation wall  23  may be less than that of sidewalls  20 , 21  by an amount approximately equal to half the thickness of the planar insulator  40 , thereby allowing the planar insulator  40  to be captured within the assembled housing formed by the two housing sections  18 ,  19 . 
     To complete the illustrated splice, the housing sections  18 ,  19  are secured to each other by appropriate fasteners, such as threaded fasteners  41  extending through threaded through-holes in the vertically aligned exterior structures of flanges  31 . Alternatively, latches, snap-fit arrangements, or other fastening means may be used to secure the housing sections  18 ,  19  to each other. 
     After assembly of the housing sections  18 , 19  to the busbars  3 - 10 , ends of a ground strap  42  may be fastened to respective metal top housing panels  9  of the busway sections  1 , 2  by, for example, fitting openings  43  in the ends of the ground shunt or strap  42  over threaded posts  44  extending from the respective metal top panels  9  and securing the ground shunt or strap  42  by appropriate washers and nuts (not shown) or other fasteners. As illustrated, the ground strap  42  is configured to include a raised bridge section  45  that extends over the splice, which may optionally be surrounded by a heat-shrink insulator sleeve (not shown). An insulating top cover  46  may further be installed over the splice and secured by fasteners  47  to cover the ground strap  42 , and a lower cover  48  may be added to the opposite side of the splice and secured by fasteners  49  to cover and/or provide support for one or more data or communications cables that run along tracks or passages provided at the side or bottom of the busway. Finally, the entire may be enclosed by a shield housing  50 . A fully assembled splice of  FIG. 1 , minus the shield housing  50 , is illustrated in  FIG. 6 . 
     In a variation of the preferred embodiment of  FIGS. 1-6 , the splice may be adapted to accommodate different size busbars and busbar connectors. In particular, u-shaped connectors  60 , 61  may be modified to have smaller dimensions than the u-shaped connectors  14 - 17  shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , thereby accommodating busbars that are also smaller than those shown in  FIG. 1 . To enable the smaller u-shaped connectors  60 , 61  to fit within the housing sections  18 ,  19  of  FIGS. 1 and 3  without having to provide different housing sections, spacers or shims  62 , 63  having exterior dimensions that match those of connectors  14 - 17  may be fitted over respective sides of the smaller u-shaped connectors  60 , 61 .