Abstract:
A stable lyophilized formulation for intravenous administration of the compound 4-{[(2R, 3S, 55)-4-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-3-(3-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-4-cyano-5-(2,2-dimethyl-propyl)- pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]-amino}-3-methoxy-benzoic Acid 1-[2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-ethoxycarbonyloxy]-ethyl ester is provided.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    4-{[(2R, 3S, 5S)-4-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-3-(3-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-4-cyano-5-(2,2-dimethyl-propyl)-pyrrolidine- 2-carbonyl]-amino}-3-methoxy-benzoic Acid 1-[2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-ethoxycarbonyloxy]-ethyl ester (Compound A) having the formula 
         [0000]    
       
                 
         
             
             
         
       
     
         [0000]    is a water soluble prodrug of 4-{[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-3-(3-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-4-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-4-cyano-5- (2,2-dimethyl-propyl)-pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]-amino}-3-methoxy-benzoic acid (base compound) which is a pharmacologically active MDM2 inhibitor. The base compound is a practically water insoluble compound and does not lend itself towards the development of a viable intravenous injection formulation. Compound A is obtained by covalently conjugating the base compound with a PEG (Polyethylene glycol, 2000±500 Da) polymer to yield a prodrug that is relatively more soluble in water. Preferably compound A has n=44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54 and/or 55. Most preferred, n=50. 
         [0002]    Early formulation development of Compound A for preclinical studies with normal saline and other physiologically acceptable buffered solutions demonstrate that a viable solution formulation is not an option for a commercial drug product from physico-chemical stability point of view. This is attributed to the fact that Compound A hydrolyzes in aqueous solutions following first-order kinetics to form the base compound as the major degradation product. The most stable pH range is around 3-5 from stability perspective for Compound A. The degradation rate for Compound A increases about 2-5 times with every 10° C. increase in temperature. The compound is also vulnerable to oxidation leading to the formation of the base compound as the major oxidation product. Compound A is also light sensitive leading to the formation of the base compound and other degradants. Even tiny amounts of the base compound as a degradation product leads to a rapid loss of product shelf life through particulate formation (precipitation) and gelation thus rendering the product unsuitable for patient administration. Consequently, it is an object of the present invention to provide stable formulations for intravenous administration of Compound A. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    Compound A has been developed as a stable lyophilized formulation for intravenous administration. Alternatively, Compound A may be formulated in solution and stored as a frozen solution) (−20°) prior to intravenous administration. The intravenous route of administration of Compound A offers higher exposures of its base compound with potentially lower PK variability and also controls overdosing by stopping the fluid flow of drug substance through the intravenous line. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0004]    The following formulation composition was developed to provide better drug product performance and shelf life stability. If not explicitly otherwise indicated, the amounts indicated below are in relation to a final reconstitution volume of 1 ml, as e.g. also indicated in the accompanying working examples. 
         [0005]    The present invention comprises from about 0.1 mg to about 100 mg of Compound A, preferably where Compound A has n=40 to 60, from about 10 mM to about 100 mM of a buffering agent, from about 25 mg to about 125 mg of a lyophilization bulking agent and an isotonicity builder. The resultant formulation should have a pH of about 5-7 via adjustment with HCl or NaOH. The final reconstitution volume is 1 ml. 
         [0006]    A further aspect of the invention comprises from about 1 mg to 100 mg of Compound A wherein n=40 to 60, from about 10 mM to about 50 mM of a buffering agent and from about 50 mg to about 100 mg of a lyophilization bulking agent. 
         [0007]    In a further aspect of the invention Compound A wherein n=40-60 is present as about 30 to 75 mg of the formulation. 
         [0008]    In a further aspect of the invention Compound A wherein n=40-60 is present as about 50 to 75 mg of the formulation. 
         [0009]    In a further aspect of the invention Compound A wherein n=40-60 is present as about 40 to 50 mg of the formulation, preferably 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, or 48 mg of Compound A in a reconstitution volume of 1 ml. 
         [0010]    In a further aspect of the invention Compound A whrein n=40-60 is present as about 50 mg of the formulation. 
         [0011]    In a further aspect of the invention Compound A wherein n=44, 45, 56, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54 and/or 55 comprises about 0.1 mg to about 100 mg in the formulations of the present invention, more preferably, about 1 mg to about 100 mg, more preferably about 30 mg of the formulation, and about 75 mg and about 50 mg of the formulation 
         [0012]    In a further aspect of the invention the bulking agent is Trehalose, preferably Trehalose dehydrate, and is present as about 50 mg to about 100 mg, preferably about 75 to about 95 mg, of the formulation. 
         [0013]    In a further aspect of the invention the bulking agent is Dextrose and is present as about 30 mg to about 75 mg, preferably about 40 to about 60 mg, of the formulation. 
         [0014]    In a further aspect of the invention the bulking agent is Mannitol and is present as about 25 mg to about 75 mg, preferably about 30 to about 60 mg, of the formulation. 
         [0015]    In a further aspect of the invention the bulking agent is Sucrose and is present as about 70 mg to about 110 mg, preferably about 75 to about 100 mg, of the formulation. 
         [0016]    In a further aspect of the invention the bulking agent is Lactose and is present as about 70 mg to about 120 mg, preferably about 90 to about 110 mg, of the formulation. 
         [0017]    In a further aspect of the invention the buffering agent is present as about 10mM to about 100 mM, preferably about 10 mM to about 50 mM, of the formulation. 
         [0018]    The term “buffering agent” as used herein denotes a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, which stabilizes the pH of a pharmaceutical preparation. Suitable buffers are well known in the art and can be found in the literature. Preferred pharmaceutically acceptable buffers comprise but are not limited to histidine-buffers, citrate-buffers, succinate-buffers, acetate-buffers and phosphate-buffers, especially, Succinic acid (20-50 mM) and Phosphoric acid (10-50 mM). Most preferred buffers comprise citrate, L-histidine or mixtures of L-histidine and L-histidine hydrochloride. Other preferred buffer is acetate buffer. Independently from the buffer used, the pH can be adjusted with an acid or a base known in the art, e.g. hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid and citric acid, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. 
         [0019]    The preferred “bulking agent” is amorphous trehalose, but trehalose dihydrate, lactose, sucrose, sorbitol, glucose, raffinose, mannitol, dextran and lower molecular weight amino acids such as glycine, valine and arginine etc. and other bulking agents known to the person of skill in the art may also be utilized. 
         [0020]    As diluents for the formulated solution or reconstituted solution from the lyophilized powder the following diluents such as sodium chloride 0.9% Sodium, 5% Dextrose, water for injection, Lactated Ringers solution or half normal saline may also be used. It is to be appreciated that the bulking agent may also act as the isotonicity building agent. 
         [0021]    In one embodiment, the present invention comprises a pharmaceutical lyophilized formulation comprising about 50 mg of 4-{[(2R, 3S, 5S)-4-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-3-(3-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-4-cyano-5-(2,2-dimethyl-propyl)-pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]-amino}-3-methoxy-benzoic Acid 1-[2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-ethoxycarbonyloxy]-ethyl ester of the formula 
         [0000]    
       
                 
         
             
             
         
       
     
         [0000]    about 3.1 mg of Histidine, about 85 mg of a Trehalose dehydrate and an isotonicity builder, said formulation having a pH of from about 5 to about 7 in a final reconstitution volume of 1 ml. 
         [0022]    The present invention further comprises the above pharmaceutical lyophilized formulation wherein n is 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53 or 55. 
         [0023]    The present invention further comprises the above pharmaceutical lyophilized formulation of claim  25  wherein n=50. 
         [0024]    The present invention also comprises a pharmaceutical lyophilized formulation comprising about 435.83 mg of 4-{[(2R, 3S, 5S)-4-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-3-(3-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-4-cyano-5-(2,2-dimethyl-propyl)-pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]-amino}-3-methoxy-benzoic Acid 1-[2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-ethoxycarbonyloxy]-ethyl ester of the formula 
         [0000]    
       
                 
         
             
             
         
       
     
         [0000]    about 14.77 mg of L-Histidine, about 2.196 mg of L-Histidine HCl Monohydrate, about 756.70 mg of Trehalose dehydrate and an isotonicity builder to give a final volume of 10 ml, said formulation having a pH of from about 5 to about 7. 
         [0025]    Within this embodiment n is preferably selected from 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53 and/or 55. 
         [0026]    The present invention further comprises the above pharmaceutical lyophilized formulation wherein n=50. 
         [0027]    The present invention may be exemplified by various formulations as shown in the Examples below, which illustrates the invention without limitation. 
       EXAMPLES 
     Example 1 
       [0028]      
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Ingredient 
                 Amount per mL 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Compound A 
                 30 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 Histidine USP (buffer) 
                 3.1 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 Trehalose Dihydrate 
                 85 
                 mg 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 HCl/NaOH 
                 q.s. to pH 6 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Water for Injection 
                 q.s. to 1 
                 mL 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
       Example 2 
       [0029]      
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Ingredient 
                 Amount per mL 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Compound A 
                 30 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 Histidine USP (buffer) 
                 3.1 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 Sodium Chloride 
                 9 
                 mg 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 HCl/NaOH 
                 q.s. to pH 6 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Water for Injection 
                 q.s. to 1 
                 mL 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
       Example 3 
       [0030]      
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Ingredient 
                 Amount per mL 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Compound A 
                 30 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 Histidine 
                 3.1 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 Dextrose 
                 50 
                 mg 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 HCl/NaOH 
                 q.s. to pH 6 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Water for Injection 
                 q.s. to 1 
                 mL 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
       Example 4 
       [0031]      
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Ingredient 
                 Amount per mL 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Compound A 
                 435.83 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 L-Histidine 
                 14.77 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 L-Histidine HCl Monohydrate 
                 2.196 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 Trehalose Dihydrate 
                 756.70 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 Water for Injection 
                 q.s. to 10 
                 mL 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0032]    The solution formulations of Examples 1-4 can be compounded in the following sequence on a manufacturing scale for prepare an injectable solution and lyophilized powder. 
       Sterilized Solution Procedure 
       [0033]    1. Dissolve the buffering agent in Water for Injection and adjust the pH of the solution to target pH 6 (range 5-7) 
         [0034]    2. Add and dissolve the bulking agent/isotonicity building agent 
         [0035]    3. Add and dissolve Compound A 
         [0036]    4. Adjust the final volume of the solution to the desired batch size 
         [0037]    5. Aseptically sterile filter the solution into a previously washed and sterilized receiving vessel using a previously washed and sterilized filter membrane/cartridge (0.1-0.22 micron). 
         [0038]    6. The sterile filtered solution must be filled aseptically into previously washed and sterilized Type I glass vials (1 mL to 100 mL) under a class 100 facility suitable for aseptic processing. 
         [0039]    7. Completely stopper the vials aseptically using a previously washed and sterilized serum stoppers suitable for animal/human use products. 
         [0040]    8. Put the aluminum crimps onto the filled vials and inspect the vials for any particulates and reject the filled vials with poor quality attributes for particulate matter and also cosmetic defects. 
         [0041]    9. Label the drug product vials with appropriate labels. 
         [0042]    10. The above solution can be infused as is or further diluted with normal saline to achieve the desired target concentration and then infused to the subject using conventional infusion apparatus available commercially. 
       Lyophilized Powder Procedure 
       [0043]    The following procedure can be followed to make the sterile lyophilized powder for injection by following similar steps as the above solution formulation first followed by the lyophilization process to eliminate any residual water from the formulation. This will render the end product as a sterile lyophilized powder which has to be reconstituted with sterile water for injection prior to dilution with the appropriate diluents. 
         [0044]    1. Dissolve the known amount of buffering agent in Water for Injection and adjust the pH of the solution to target pH 6 (range 5-7) 
         [0045]    2. Add and dissolve the bulking agent and isotonicity building agent 
         [0046]    3. Add and dissolve Compound A 
         [0047]    4. Adjust the final volume of the solution to the desired batch size 
         [0048]    5. Aseptically sterile filter the solution into a previously washed and sterilized receiving vessel using a previously washed and sterilized filter membrane/cartridge (0.1-0.22 micron). 
         [0049]    6. The sterile filtered solution must be filled (desired volume per vial such as 1 mL to 3 mL in a 5 mL vial with 20 mm neck size dimension; 1 mL to 14 mL in a 20 mL vial with 20 mm neck size dimension) aseptically into previously washed and sterilized Type I glass vials under a class 100 facility suitable for aseptic processing. 
         [0050]    7. Partially stopper the vials aseptically using a previously washed and sterilized Lyo stoppers suitable for Lyophilization and suitable animal/human use drug product. 
         [0051]    8. Load the partially stoppered vials into the lyophilizer chamber aseptically and adjust the following lyophilizer processing condition to enable the Lyophilization step 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Step 
                 1 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 6 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Shelf Temper- 
                 5 
                 −40 
                 −30 
                 −15 
                 15 
                 15 
               
               
                 ature ° C. 
                   
                   
                   
                 (−20 to −5) 
                 (5 to 20) 
                 (5 to 20) 
               
               
                 Ramp 
                 0.5 
                 0.5 
                 — 
                 0.5 
                 0.5 
                 0.5 
               
               
                 Rate ° C./min 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
       Example 5 
       [0052]      
         [0000]                                                                                              Ingredient   Amount per mL                                        Compound A   30   mg           Histidine USP (buffer)   3.1   mg           Mannitol   50   mg                HCl/NaOH   q.s. to pH 6                Water for Injection   q.s. to 1   mL                        
The formulation is prepared following the steps set forth in Examples 1-4 for the injectable solution and the lyophilized formulation.
 
       Example 6 
       [0053]      
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                 Ingredient 
                 Amount per mL 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Compound A 
                 30 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 Histidine 
                 3.1 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 Sucrose 
                 90 
                 mg 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 HCl/NaOH 
                 q.s. to pH 6 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Water for Injection 
                 q.s. to 1 
                 mL 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0054]    The formulation is prepared following the steps set forth in Examples 1-4 for the injectable solution and the lyophilized formulation. 
       Example 7 
       [0055]      
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Ingredient 
                 Amount per mL 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Compound A 
                 30 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 Histidine 
                 3.1 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 Lactose 
                 100 
                 mg 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 HCl/NaOH 
                 q.s. to pH 6 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Water for Injection 
                 q.s. to 1 
                 mL 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0056]    The formulation is prepared following the steps set forth in Examples 1-4 for the injectable solution and the lyophilized formulation. 
       Example 8 
       [0057]      
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Ingredient 
                 Amount per mL 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Compound A 
                 50 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 Histidine USP (buffer) 
                 3.1 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
                 Trehalose Dihydrate 
                 85 
                 mg 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 HCl/NaOH 
                 q.s. to pH 6 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Water for Injection 
                 q.s. to 1 
                 mL 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0058]    The formulation is prepared following the steps set forth in Examples 1-4 for the injectable solution and the lyophilized formulation.