Abstract:
Mobile device and method for operating the same to implement a personal mobile retail environment for off-line shopping for a traveler. Prior to the departure time the mobile device receives a mobile store definition that describes goods or services available for purchase during the transit period and available for delivery during the transit period or at the destination arrival location. The mobile store definition was previously generated based on a travel itinerary of the traveler. The mobile device also receives a charge limit indication representing a monetary limit for purchases available via the personal mobile retail environment. The mobile device provides an interactive shopping experience for the traveler based on the mobile store definition, including facilitating selection by the traveler of goods or services for purchase, and enforcing the monetary limit based on the charge limit indication.

Description:
PRIOR APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This Application is a division of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/253,961 filed Oct. 5, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,744,920, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Applications No. 61/390,067 filed Oct. 5, 2010, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/530,111 filed Sep. 1, 2011, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The invention relates generally to information technology and, more particularly, to data processing and communication systems that facilitate travel-related commerce in mobile retail environments. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    Today&#39;s travel industry is faced with a myriad of economic and operational challenges, from price pressure to rising fuel prices, to labor issues, to competition from other carriers and alternative loyalty programs, to name a few. In recent years, airlines have turned to a variety of alternative sources of revenue such as baggage check fees, charging for meals, and charging for the use of in-flight entertainment systems. Unfortunately, many of these new fees are alienating customers who have been accustomed to receiving services such as baggage checking and meals, without having to pay extra for them. Carriers are therefore seeking out opportunities to provide services that add value to their customers&#39; travel experience, which is expected to be much better received than tactics of exacting new fees from existing services. 
         [0004]    Airline operators, for instance, first discovered ancillary revenue opportunities through advertising sales in their branded on-board magazines and buy-on board programs involving duty-free goods. This eventually spread to online bookings and self-check-in options. Today, airlines are using their web sites to sell seats, insurance, car rentals and hotel reservations. Others have extended this buying to on-board programs to provide a la carte meals and drinks, lottery tickets, phone cards, on-demand entertainment, and more. With the advent of on-board Wi-Fi communications airlines are moving into a position to reap more profits from their captive audiences than ever before. 
         [0005]    Although the opportunity to tap the market of in-transit passengers has been known for decades, a number of particular challenges has prevented deployment of a commercial infrastructure to in-transit passengers. For example, crew personnel are not retail sales staff and would need to be trained to acquire retail sales skills. Also, there are practical difficulties in transacting with customers who are passengers seated throughout the airplane. Furthermore, importantly, the retail environment in a moving vehicle is dynamic, meaning that the inventory and services available for purchase are entirely dependent on the unique characteristics of each flight leg. 
         [0006]    Another factor specific to mobile retail is that passengers are often on a travel itinerary having stopovers or changeovers, such that the particular flight on which a given passenger may be enticed to make a purchase is not the final leg of that passenger&#39;s travel. In this scenario, for items purchased on-board to be delivered at the destination point, the inventory from which a passenger may shop is unique to the passenger&#39;s itinerary. 
         [0007]    U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/481,505, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein, describes a solution for linking a passenger&#39;s travel itinerary to mobile retail environments with their specific product or service offerings, and for coordinating sales, provisioning, and other critical activities in connection with conducting sales or delivery of goods and services to or from those mobile retail environments. This approach facilitates pre-ordering goods or services for delivery to the customer on a vehicle or at a destination. A Web-based application is contemplated for pre-ordering goods prior to boarding the vehicles, which is linked to a back office system that tracks flight schedules, traveler itineraries, provisioning and stocking information, etc. On board the vehicles, point-of-sale devices that can display available goods or services, guide customers through a shopping session, and even take a payment, are described. These may take the form of a hand-portable device that can be operated or brought to customers by flight attendants, or a seat-back entertainment system. These devices are updated with inventory and other relevant information whenever a network connection is, or becomes, available, such as at destination points. 
         [0008]    One drawback with the deployment of portable in-vehicle point-of-sale systems is their limited quantity aboard any vehicle. Thus, only a small fraction of the passengers can use them to browse or purchase goods or services at any one time. Seat-back entertainment systems are more widely distributed, but only on aircraft where they are available. Thousands of older aircraft in use today do not have such systems available. Moreover, seat-back systems vary in their capabilities, with many being display-only devices lacking user interactivity capability to support a shopping session. 
         [0009]    Mobile devices such as smartphones, tablets, and the like, have become ubiquitous in recent years. In 2010, for example, about one-third of all mobile phones were smartphones. Smartphones are mobile devices that combine the functionality of a personal digital assistant and a mobile telephone. These devices have significant data communications and computing capability, along with a display and input device technology capable of facilitating effective user interaction with the quantity of information that the devices can support. Popular examples of smartphones include products manufactured by Research In Motion Inc. under the Blackberry® brand, the iPhone® by Apple Inc., and a variety of devices running Google&#39;s Android, Nokia&#39;s Symbian and Microsoft&#39;s Windows® Phone 7, operating systems. 
         [0010]    Although smartphones, like any other computing device with network connectivity, can be used to pre-order goods or services (prior to boarding) for later delivery in a mobile retail environment, their conventional use for shopping and placing orders while en route is limited to only those flights where Internet connectivity is available. In reality, Internet service is not currently available on all aircraft and all airlines. When it is available, there is typically a charge to access the service, which may dissuade certain users. Additionally, there are practical bandwidth limitations or limitations on the number of users that can be supported at any given time on a flight. Accordingly, although it is likely that a majority of passengers on a flight are carrying a smartphone, there is currently a lost opportunity to leverage that technology in order to facilitate the sale of goods or services through such devices on-board. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0011]    One aspect of the invention is directed to integrating mobile devices, such as smartphones, tablets, and the like, into a travel and mobile retail environment commercial system. In one embodiment, a mobile device includes a mobile store module that provides an interactive user experience that allows a traveler to browse goods or services that are available in the mobile retail environment. The device further includes a mobile store inventory records module that maintains records of goods and services that are available in each particular mobile retail environment. An update module included in the mobile device facilitates data connectivity with a remote server to update the stored data in the mobile store inventory records module. The remote server, in turn, is communicatively coupled with a transportation service provider system, such as an airline business system that provides information on individual travelers and their itineraries. The mobile device further includes an in-flight data exchange module that facilitates interaction with a point-of-sale device. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0012]    The invention may be more completely understood in consideration of the following detailed description of various embodiments of the invention in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
           [0013]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram illustrating a general arrangement for a mobile retail environment system according to one embodiment. 
           [0014]      FIG. 2A  is an architecture diagram illustrating various access layer and presentation layer services provided by the system of  FIG. 1  according to one embodiment. 
           [0015]      FIGS. 2B-2Q  are block diagrams illustrating examples of each of the services of  FIG. 2A . 
           [0016]      FIG. 3  is a block diagram illustrating modules implemented in a mobile device according to one embodiment which enable the mobile device to become integrated into the system of  FIG. 1 . 
           [0017]      FIGS. 4A and 4B  are flow diagrams illustrating a preparation process and an in-flight offline process to facilitate a sale in a mobile retail environment according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
       
    
    
       [0018]    While the invention is amenable to various modifications and alternative forms, specifics thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the intention is not to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described. On the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0019]    One aspect of the invention is directed to integrating mobile devices, such as smartphones, tablets, and the like, into a travel and mobile retail environment commercial system. The retail environment is termed mobile because the place where the shoppers are located is a vehicle, such as an aircraft, train, ship, bus, automobile, and the like. For the sake of simplicity, the embodiments of the invention detailed below shall be described in the context of an aircraft, where the shoppers, or customers, are passengers that are either on board the aircraft, or are persons who will be present on board the aircraft at a specified future time. In this case, the operator of the aircraft, or the carrier, is an airline company. It will be understood, however, that the invention as a whole is not limited to the case of airlines and aircraft as the mobile environment in which the mobile retail environment is facilitated, unless such a limitation is expressly made in a claim, in which case only that claim shall be so limited. Persons of skill in the relevant arts will appreciate that principles of the invention can be applied to any suitable type of vehicle and transportation service. 
         [0020]      FIG. 1A  is a top-level system diagram illustrating various interactions between some of the components of a mobile retail environment according to one type of embodiment. The Servers  100  interface with computer systems of each of airlines A, B, C, and X (collectively, airlines  102 ) over computer network  104   a.  The Servers  100  can utilize any suitable arrangement known in the art using well-known hardware and software platforms for their basic operation. The specific system implementation that embodies aspects of the invention utilizing the basic platforms will be detailed below. Servers  100  also interface with computer systems of each of vendors/suppliers F, G, and Z (collectively, vendors  106 ) via network  104   b.  Network  104   b  can be the same network as network  104   a  (e.g., the Internet), or they can be entirely separate networks. 
         [0021]    Servers  100  are further interfaced with payment processing system  110 , including a credit card gateway, an authorization provider, and acquirer banks, as illustrated in  FIG. 1A . These systems communicate with a back office system (BOS) of Servers  100  to automate the completion of financial transactions. 
         [0022]    Servers  100  are also interfaced with point-of-sale (POS) devices  108  situated on-board each of the aircraft  130 , via network  104   c,  which can be the same as, or different, from networks  104   a  and  104   b.  There can be one or more POS devices  108  on each aircraft. POS devices  108  are computer devices that have a display device and a user input device, such as a keyboard or touchscreen, for example. POS devices also have a processor, memory, and communications circuitry. In one type of embodiment, POS devices  108  are hand-portable devices that may include a receipt printer and credit card reader. Other forms of input devices, such as a bar code reader, may be included. In another type of embodiment, POS devices  108  are mounted on-board the aircraft, such as in the back of most seats or in the bulkhead walls. These types of devices can be integrated with on-board media players that display videos and videogames, output sound to a set of headphones, and can include a touchscreen, videogame controller, or a variety of other input and output devices. 
         [0023]    In one type of embodiment, equipment on each aircraft  130  supports a vehicle network  140 . Vehicle network  140 , in one embodiment, includes Wi-Fi wireless connectivity between devices in the network and can include one or more servers, internetworking devices such as routers or firewalls, and endpoint devices such as POS devices  108  and mobile devices  150 . In another embodiment, vehicle network  140  is an ad-hoc network in which POS devices  108  can communicate with one another or with other devices directly, thereby establishing the vehicle network  140 . 
         [0024]    Mobile device  150  represents a passenger or crew member&#39;s own personal device that can connect to vehicle network  140 . Mobile device  150  can be a smartphone, tablet, laptop PC, netbook, or any other portable information device. Generally, it is contemplated that mobile device  150  regularly connects to a wide area network such as the Internet on a regular basis, such as via cellular data networks like LTE (4G), HSPA+ (3G), GSM/3GSM, or the like, through a service provided by a communications carrier. Other types of mobile devices  150  connect to a wide area network via Wi-Fi or Wi-MAX access points such as hotspots at airports and those provided by municipalities or businesses. 
         [0025]    In general, servers  100  facilitate information exchange with the airlines  102  to obtain each traveler&#39;s itinerary and other critical information, with vendors or suppliers  106  to obtain and provide information concerning goods or services to be sold and ultimately delivered during travel or at each traveler&#39;s destination. Servers  100  establish mobile stores that exist temporarily, such as during a flight from departure to arrival and exchange all critical information relating to merchandising and sales with POS devices  108 . In one particular aspect of the invention, information pertaining to flight schedules, departures, destinations, and status, as well as individual passenger identification and itineraries, and crew information, received from the various airlines, is combined with information relating to the various products and services, received from the various vendors or suppliers of those products and services, to specifically define each mobile retail environment. The mobile retail environment can be vehicle-specific, and vehicle- and passenger-specific. In another embodiment, the mobile retail environment can further be crew-specific. For passengers having travel itineraries with connection points, those passengers may experience multiple different mobile retail environments, with each environment corresponding to each leg of their travel. 
         [0026]    In a simple scenario, servers  100  are in constant communication with each vehicle, and are able to conduct merchandising and sales in real-time to travelers on-board the vehicles. In practice, however, the on-board store during transit oftentimes does not have this connection. For instance, it is still common for aircraft to not be equipped with in-flight Internet connectivity. Accordingly, in these scenarios, POS devices  108  are communicated with and updated between flights. 
         [0027]      FIG. 2A  illustrates a system functional architecture according to one embodiment that supports integration of devices  150  into the mobile retail environment. System  200  includes access layer  202  and presentation layer  204 . Access layer  202 , illustrated in  FIG. 2B , includes devices such as POS devices  108 , mobile devices  150 , in-flight entertainment systems (i.e. seat-back) devices  152 , kiosk devices  154 , and any general device with a Web browser  156 . 
         [0028]    Presentation layer services  204  interface with access layer devices to provide consumer services  206 , crew services  208 , airline services  210 , content provider services  212 , reporting services  214 , analytics  216 , transaction services  218 , generic user services  220 , communication services  222 , database services  224 , data transmission services  226 , security services  228 , monitoring services  230 , operating systems services  232 , development services  234 , and API services  236 . Each of these services can be accessed through one or more of the access services  202 . Examples of each of these services are illustrated, respectively, in  FIGS. 2C-2Q . 
         [0029]    In another aspect of the invention, off-line sales on-board a mobile retail environment are supported using mobile devices  150 . Referring to  FIG. 3 , in one embodiment, mobile device  150  is configured with specific modules to support off-line in-flight purchases. The term “module” as used herein means a real-world device, component, or arrangement of components implemented using hardware, such as by an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or field-programmable gate array (FPGA), for example, or as a combination of hardware and software, such as by a microprocessor system and a set of instructions to implement the module&#39;s functionality, which (while being executed) transform the microprocessor system into a special-purpose device. A module can also be implemented as a combination of the two, with certain functions facilitated by hardware alone, and other functions facilitated by a combination of hardware and software. In certain implementations, at least a portion, and in some cases, all, of a module can be executed on the processor(s) of one or more general purpose computers (such as the one described in greater detail below) that execute an operating system, system programs, and application programs, while also implementing the module using multitasking, multithreading, distributed (e.g., cloud) processing, or other such techniques. Accordingly, each module can be realized in a variety of suitable configurations, and should not be limited to any particular implementation exemplified herein. 
         [0030]    In one particular embodiment, mobile device  150  includes mobile store module  302 , mobile store inventory records module  304 , update module  306 , and in-flight data exchange module  308 . In a related embodiment, these four modules are implemented using an application, or “app,” that is downloaded to mobile device  150  and installed to execute on the device. Once the app is installed, the program instructions of the app configure the computing hardware of mobile device  150  to implement modules  302 ,  304 ,  306 , and  308 . Mobile store module  302  provides an interactive user experience that allows the traveler to browse goods or services that are available in the mobile retail environment. The mobile retail environment is defined in one sense based on what is actually available. To this end, mobile store inventory records module  304  represents the goods and services that are available in each particular mobile retail environment. Update module  306  facilitates data connectivity, with servers  100  to update the stored data in module  304 . In one embodiment, for flight, or each leg of a particular itinerary, update module  306  receives appropriate inventory information. In-flight data exchange module  308  facilitates interaction with a POS device  108 . 
         [0031]      FIG. 4A  is a flow diagram illustrating a process for preparing mobile device  150  for an off-line mobile retail environment according to one example embodiment. Each of the three columns labeled Airline, BOS (back office system) and Vendor represents a sequence of events performed by each respective system. First, a passenger books travel with the airline. This can be done online or via telephone with a customer service representative. As part of the booking process, the customer, who is the traveler-to-be at this stage, authorizes a certain amount of charges on his or her credit card. This amount can be processed at this early stage and held to ensure payment in reconciliation. The customer&#39;s travel itinerary including the traveler&#39;s identity and flight information, as well as the charge authorization information, are transmitted to the back-office system on servers  100 . 
         [0032]    The Vendor establishes a goods or services commitment with the BOS. This process involves the vendor essentially guaranteeing that the goods or services in certain committed amounts will be available to travelers in the mobile retail environment. For instance, if the vendor is a tour operator at a destination, then a commitment represents a reservation of a certain number of customer spots available in each of the tours being offered. The commitment is transmitted to the BOS. 
         [0033]    The BOS receives the traveler and charge authorization from the airline, and receives the commitment information from the vendor. Using this information, the BOS creates the on-board store. The on-board store in this case describes the goods and services that are available to travelers on each particular flight. 
         [0034]    The traveler has mobile device  150  and the device is configured with update module  306 . Update module  306  causes mobile device  150  to connect periodically, or on a push basis in response to events such as itinerary creation or changes, with servers  100  and receive mobile store inventory records to be kept by module  304 . These records are specific to the traveler&#39;s itinerary and represent only those items which are available to the traveler on his or her flight(s). 
         [0035]    The servers  100  also send the on-board store information, along with commitment limits provided by the vendor to the POS devices  108  that will be available on the flight(s). 
         [0036]    Referring now to  FIG. 4B , the three columns represent actions taken by mobile device  150 , POS device  108 , and the Vendor. In the flight, mobile store module  302  on the mobile device provides a shopping experience to the traveler. In the shopping experience, the charge authorization limits established at the time of booking of the flight are enforced. Once the traveler selects the good or services he or she wishes to buy, the sale is completed via checkout using a shopping cart process or other suitable user-friendly process. 
         [0037]    At this stage, the sale information is provided to POS device  108 , which proceeds to check if the selected goods or services are still available (since other shoppers may have preempted this traveler insofar as the commitment amounts are concerned). This information may be transmitted to the POS device over vehicle network  140 . Alternatively, this information may be generated in the form of a bar code, which is displayed on the screen of mobile device  150  and read by a bar code reader on POS device  108 . Once the sale is verified against the commitments by the Vendor, a voucher is issued to the traveler (e.g., in the form of a printed-out slip, or in the form of a numerical code associated with the completed transaction) and the sale is confirmed for the traveler. 
         [0038]    At the destination, POS device  108  transmits the sales and voucher codes to the Vendor, who is now prepared to deliver the goods or services to the traveler upon his or her arrival. Also, the payment information is provided to servers  100 , which will be used for reconciliation with the credit card issuer. 
         [0039]    This exemplary approach avoids having to take payment on-board, and ensures that the traveler is offered only goods and services that are available, thereby virtually eliminating the need for charge-backs due to the carrier&#39;s fault. 
         [0040]    The embodiments above are intended to be illustrative and not limiting. Additional embodiments are within the claims. In addition, although aspects of the present invention have been described with reference to particular embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the scope of the invention, as defined by the claims. 
         [0041]    Persons of ordinary skill in the relevant arts will recognize that the invention may comprise fewer features than illustrated in any individual embodiment described above. The embodiments described herein are not meant to be an exhaustive presentation of the ways in which the various features of the invention may be combined. Accordingly, the embodiments are not mutually exclusive combinations of features; rather, the invention may comprise a combination of different individual features selected from different individual embodiments, as will be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art. 
         [0042]    Any incorporation by reference of documents above is limited such that no subject matter is incorporated that is contrary to the explicit disclosure herein. Any incorporation by reference of documents above is further limited such that no claims that are included in the documents are incorporated by reference into the claims of the present Application. The claims of any of the documents are, however, incorporated as part of the disclosure herein, unless specifically excluded. Any incorporation by reference of documents above is yet further limited such that any definitions provided in the documents are not incorporated by reference herein unless expressly included herein. 
         [0043]    For purposes of interpreting the claims for the present invention, it is expressly intended that the provisions of Section 112, sixth paragraph of 35 U.S.C. are not to be invoked unless the specific terms “means for” or “step for” are recited in a claim.