Abstract:
A method of constructing a multicomputer system consisting of a multiplicity of multiple computing units connected together in multiple dimensions. Furthermore, also disclosed is a novel method and arrangement for constructing a computer system constituted of multiple computing units, and wherein air ducting and plenum arrangement direct cooling air flows through the computer system so as to dissipate heat generated by the multiplicity of electronic components of the computer system.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0002]    The present invention relates to a method of constructing a multicomputer system consisting of a multiplicity of multiple computing units connected together in multiple dimensions. Furthermore, the invention also pertains to a novel method and arrangement for constructing a computer system constituted of multiple computing units, and wherein air ducting and plenum arrangement direct cooling air flows through the computer system so as to dissipate heat generated by the multiplicity of electronic components of the computer system.  
           [0003]    The concept of combining multiple electronic entities, such as computing units in various dimensions, so as to derive a unitary three dimensionally arranged construction is basically known in the technology. In this connection, it has been a constant quest in the technology to derive ever faster operating computer systems. Basically, in order to gain computational speed in a computer system, two approaches have been employed in the technology, and in which a difficulty has been encountered in that the large number of operable computing units which are connected together may be in the order of thousands of units in order to form a super computer class system, wherein it is a further challenge to construct system hardware which occupies a smaller amount of space and utilizes the shortest connection cables while concurrently providing an efficient cooling method for the entire computer system.  
           [0004]    In essence, a first one of the major approaches employed resides in increasing the processing speed of the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer, and the other approach would be to employ multiple CPUs which are connected together so as to form an array of processors which implement the computational tasks in a parallel operative relationship. In second or latter approach, multiple ways are available in order to connect the numerous CPUs together to form a single computer system. Thus, it is possible to bundle a small set of CPUs as a single cell, and thereafter a set of these computing cells are then connected into a multi-dimensional lattice type of network. Thus, for instance in a 3-dimensional lattice-type of network, each computing cell can be considered conceptually as a six-sided cube and accordingly, provided with a communication connection to adjacent cells from each of the six surfaces of the conceptual cube. Furthermore, each cell can then communicate to all of its six neighboring cells through this type of communication connection.  
           [0005]    Furthermore, in a computer system employing this type of cell structural or architectural concept, the complexity of constructing the communication connections among the large number of computing cells dramatically increases as the number of cells are increased, whereby conventional methods of packaging computing hardware together maybe inadequate to provide the desired computer system.  
           [0006]    Moreover, it is also important to be able to adequately and in a ready manner cool the extensive numbers of computing unit constituting the entire computer system so as to impart a sufficient degree of cooling to each of the individual computing cells or units.  
           [0007]    2. Discussion of the Prior Art  
           [0008]    D. Talia “Cellular Processing tools for High-Performance Simulation”, Computer, September 2000, page 44, describes cellular processing tools wherein considerable numbers of individual cellular tools are combined into a large lattice type network arrangement forming a computer system. However, this publication does not describe the particular construction employing the presently derived concepts of adequately cooling each of the computing cells or pressing units.  
           [0009]    Furthermore, L. Mok in an article entitled “Method of Packaging Discrete Electronic Entities”, IBM TDB, Volume 36, No. 09A, September 1993, discloses a method of packaging discrete electronic entities so as to form a large computer system which is interconnected through cables within a common housing. The limited space which accommodates the number of cables among the computing cells in the computer system is adapted to provide adequate cooling the computing hardware. However, the publication does not provide any particular detail as to a unitary cooling system for effectuating the desired cooling in a simple and efficient manner as contemplated by the present invention.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0010]    Accordingly, the present invention provides for the construction of a multi computer system wherein within the confines of a semi-open computer frame having multiple sliding drawer-like boxes there are supported computing units which are adapted to be interconnected in a three-dimensional arrangement. The method and arrangement provides for cables connecting the multiplicity of computing units, whereby multiple wiring boards are plugged into a back plane vertically or at an angle, and these backplanes which are refereed to as computing boards have various computing units wired together.  
           [0011]    Each of the drawer-like boxes is provided with its own cooling fans and/or a plenum which either draws or blows cooling air past the computing boards, and which in a novel manner affords adequate cooling air to be circulated through the spaces defined by the multiple printed-wiring boards and back planes so as to cause warm air emitted from the electronics in computer frames to be circulated outwardly of the computer system.  
           [0012]    Accordingly, it is a basic object of the present invention to provide a novel method of forming a multi computer system which enables the efficient interconnection of a multiplicity of computing units and the efficient cooling thereof in a simple manner.  
           [0013]    Another object of the invention resides in the provision of an arrangement for the design of a novel computer system constituted of a multiplicity of computing units interconnected in a multidimensional relationship in a computer box with a semi-open framework, and which includes novel cooling installations for readily and efficiently cooling each of the computing units. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS  
       [0014]    Reference may now be made to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; in which:  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a computer box with a slideable frame structure in a semi-open condition for holding a multi-computer system;  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of the computer box arrangement of FIG. 1; and  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 3 illustrates a side view of a cooling arrangement for multiple computer boxes located in a computer room installation. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0018]    Referring in particular to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings, there is illustrated a semi-open computer box  10  having multiple sliding drawer structure  12  which comprises different units  14  each adapted to hold computing hardware. For purposes of clarity, only the major components of the computer system are illustrated in the drawing figures, and the power supply, the necessary box covers and EMI shields are not illustrated herein.  
         [0019]    The computer box  10  includes a plurality of the drawer-like units  14  in an essentially vertically stacked arrangement, which units may be adapted to be slid in and out from the box frame  16 . A section of printed wiring board  20  which is commonly referred to as a back plane, is placed on an inner surface of each drawer-like unit  14 , and with a plurality or multiple of the printed wiring boards  18  being plugged into the back plane  20  vertically or at an angle. These small printed wiring boards  18  are commonly referred to as computing boards and possess a plurality of computing cells  22  which are wired together. The computing boards  18  can be designed so as to be hot swappable as is known in the technology. In the embodiment as herein illustrated, each computing board  18  consists of two of the computing cells  22  which may be wired as 2×1 array, whereas one back plane has ten computing boards which are wired as 2×10 arrays. The cables  24  and their connectors  26 , as illustrated in the drawings, are examples only and do not represent the actual number of cables in the system.  
         [0020]    Thus, by way of example the total number of cables in a system with (i×j×k) numbers of computing cells  22  connected in a three-dimensional lattice array is defined by the equation C=6ijk−2{[(i−1)j+(j−1)i ]k+(k−1) ij}, where i, j, k represent the number of cells in each of the various dimensions of the three dimensional lattice. Thus, for instance, for a lattice of 10×10×10 cells, the total number of cables which connect all of the cells is  600 , this being the number of cables from the logical sense. However, the actual physical number of cables may vary, thus when it is required to provide two physical cables in order to handle the signals going in and out of one surface of a computing cell  22 , the number of actual cables  24  in a system will be doubled. Furthermore, some of the cables can be readily replaced by means of printed wires on the printed-wiring boards  20  where the computing hardware is located.  
         [0021]    Each drawer-like unit in this embodiment, is equipped with its own cooling fans  30 , which either draw in or blow air to the computing boards  18 . A plenum  32  is provided adjacent to the fans  30  so as to guide the airflow as illustrated in FIG. 2 through the various arrows A. The plenum  32  is removable and the direction of airflow can be readily changed so as to adapt to the cooling air arrangement or location at which the computer box  10  is installed. Thus, although it is shown in this instance that the air travels upwardly within the plenum  32 , it is also possible that the air diverters  34  in the interior of the plenum  32  can be inverted to cause the air to discharge downwardly or towards each of the sides (i.e. either into or not from the plane of the drawing) at the locations proximate the cooling fans  30 . Then fans  30  can be mounted either perpendicularly or at an angle relative to the back planes  20 .  
         [0022]    The cooling air arrangement as illustrated in FIG. 2 may, alternatively have the diverters  34  placed so as to be directed towards the side in order to blow air sideways in opposite directions rather than downwardly or upwardly, contrary to FIG. 2 of the drawings.  
         [0023]    Reverting to the embodiment of FIG. 3 of the drawings, in this instance, a plurality or array of computer boxes are positioned on a raised floor of a room or the like in a spaced relationship relative to each other.  
         [0024]    Thus, reverting in detail to drawing FIG. 3, in which similar or identical components as before are designated by the same reference numerals, the space for containing the multi-computer system may be a computer room  50 , a plurality of conventional air conditioners  52  maybe employed to cool the arrays of computer boxes  10 . In that particular instance, cool air emanating from the air conditioner or conditioners  52  streams through the zones between the computer boxes by circulating through a raised floor  54  having perforated tiles  56 , whereby warm air emanating from the computer boxes  10  then collected in plenums  32  as illustrated, and conducted into the connecting ducts  60  positioned above the plenums. The warm air streams back into the air conditioners  52  through ducts  62 , as illustrated by the arrows above the ceiling  64  of the computer room  50 , and ducts  66  leading into the air conditioner. Then air is cooled in the air conditioner or conditioners  52  so that cool air exiting through the bottom of the air conditioners is then again circulated through the holes in the tiles  56  of the floor  54  and upwardly through the computer boxes and up through the plenums  32  to the ducts above the computer room ceiling so as to be continually recirculated to the air conditioner  52 . Alternatively, it is possible to reverse the air flow, and also both cool and warm air circulating ducts can be positioned above the ceiling in the event that a raised floor is not available. In that case, the cool air can be received separately from the cool air ducts above the ceiling and channeled down to the inlet side of the computer boxes  10  by another arrangement of ducts, not illustrated in the drawings.  
         [0025]    As previously described, in each of the figures, each back plane in the drawed-like units consists of computing cells wired as 2×10 arrays and all the backplanes are connected by cable, whereby each unit will form a 3-dimensional cellular automation system with 2×10×10 lattice and five boxes and then be connected as a 10×10×10 lattice. The computer boxes may be positioned in this circle or a circle-like grouping so that the first and last boxes are next to each other, whereas the dimensions of the lattice as formed are not drawn to scale and not limited to what is illustrated. Furthermore, the cable lengths are minimized since each cable is connected to adjacent backplanes and boxes only, and furthermore the first and last computing cells  22  in anyone of the dimensions in the lattice network can be connected together to form a toroidal network without extra long cables. The length of each cable is typically about 1-2 meters. The connection in a first one connection is through the printed wires on the back planes; the connection in the second dimension is through the cables within the computer boxes; and in the third dimension is connected through cables across multiple computer boxes. The size of the arrays which are described herein is exemplary only, and can be expanded to any number.  
         [0026]    While the invention has been particularly shown and described with respect to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.