Abstract:
The present invention relates to a system and method of making paperboard and paperboard corrugation that negates the steps of winding rolls of containerboard on machine reels of separate paper machines, subsequent rewinding and slitting of paperboard and unwinding rolls of containerboard on separate corrugators.

Description:
This application claims benefit of Prov. patent application Ser. No. 60/170,331 filed Dec. 13, 1999. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a system and method of making paperboard and paperboard corrugation that negates the steps of winding rolls of containerboard on machine reels of separate paper machines, subsequent rewinding and slitting of paperboard and unwinding rolls of containerboard on separate corrugators. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     In the prior art, linerboard is made on a single machine where the product is wound into a roll. Corrugating medium is also made on a separate machine and then wound on a roll. Normally corrugating medium and linerboard are made on different machines because of different characteristics of the two boards. The rolls of containerboard are then, subsequently slit and rewound to fit the corrugator&#39;s width, which is typically narrower than the board machine. The rolls are subsequently brought to a separate facility where the corrugator is located where the rolls are placed on unwind stands and unwound to be made into corrugated sheet. With all of the costs involved in transportation, and winding and unwinding of rolls, and keeping inventory of the rolls (at both the corrugator and paperboard manufacturing facilities) this becomes a very inefficient process. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention involves a method of paperboard corrugation that produces at least one continuous web of containerboard at a papermaking segment of the process that continuously feeds the containerboard web or webs from the dry-end of the papermaking segments into another segment of the process that converts the webs into corrugation board (the corrugation segment). Containerboard is defined as paperboard used to make corrugated containers, corrugating medium plus linerboard. This process negates the steps of winding rolls of paper on paper machine reels, rewinding and slitting paper on rewinders, and unwinding of rolls of paperboard on conventional corrugators. While only a single or two webs of containerboard can be produced at the papermaking segments (thereby requiring the remaining web or webs needed for producing the corrugated board to be fed into the corrugation segment by unwinding rolls of containerboard with traditional roll unwinders), it is considered more advantageous to feed all three webs from papermaking segments into the corrugation segment. 
     When all three webs are continuously fed from papermaking segments, all the necessary containerboard webs are be produced in a single process for combining the webs into single wall corrugated board, which represents approximately 90% of the corrugated board market. Additional webs could be unwound for making double or triple wall products (the remaining 10% of the market). 
     An object of the invention is to eliminate winding and unwinding of webs. This eliminates a great deal of capital, manning requirements, transportation costs, energy and plant floor space requirements. 
     A further object of the invention is to eliminate or reduce web pre-heating equipment found on prior art corrugators. This equipment may be unnecessary as the webs are of sufficient temperature from the paper forming segments to effectively perform the corrugation process without preheating. 
     The present invention relates to a system for producing corrugated board comprising; an inside linerboard segment, an outside liner board segment, and a corrugating medium segment all being formed continuously or in one process. The three segments can be in many different configurations. The system can comprise all three segments in one line. It is a further object of the present invention for the corrugating medium segment and inside linerboard segment to be placed back to back. It is an object of the present invention to place two of the segments back to back and the third segment placed above or below one of the two back to back segments. It is a further object of the invention for the segments to be oriented in a stacked fashion. It is a further object of the invention to have any one of the segments being formed from pulp and the other two segments unwound from a roll during the same process to manufacture the corrugated paperboard. It is an object of the present invention for the corrugating medium to be produced from pulp and the inside liner board segment and the outside linerboard segment to be delivered via rolls. 
     It is an object of the present invention to have each of the segments comprise; a headbox, paper forming section, press section and a dryer section. It is an object of the present invention for each of the segments to have an air laid fourdrinier. It is a further object of the invention for the system to comprise a print side linerboard forming segment having a calendar section to add smoothness. 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of paperboard corrugation comprising; delivering pulp to an inside linerboard segment, corrugating medium segment and an outside linerboard segment. The pulp is then converted into three separate containerboard webs. The corrugating medium web is then fluted. The inside linerboard web is bonded to the corrugating medium web forming a single face corrugated web. The single corrugated web is joined to the outside linerboard web forming a single wall corrugated board. It is an object of the present invention to add smoothness to the outside linerboard web prior to joining with the single face web. It is a further object of the present invention to slit and cut the single wall corrugated board into corrugated sheets. It is an object of the present invention to move broke from the paperboard corrugation system to a pulper for repulping to create fibers to re-enter the system of the present invention. 
     The present invention can be accomplished using conventional equipment, i.e. fourdrinier or cylinder forming equipment or using non-conventional equipment. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 shows a facility for producing corrugated products. 
     FIG. 2 shows a facility for producing corrugated products. 
     FIG. 3 shows a facility for producing corrugated products. 
     FIG. 4 shows a facility for producing corrugated products. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     In one embodiment, the present invention comprises three board forming machine segments that can be oriented in many fashions. One example is to have all three forming segments in line. In this embodiment the webs all travel in the same direction and the board forming segments are placed one after the other in line. Since the speed of the three forming segments could be relatively slow compared to high speed containerboard machines, the length of the combined three forming segments of the machine can have the approximate length of a typical containerboard paper machine. 
     In an embodiment of a single line configuration, the first board forming section has a headbox and paper forming section followed by a single or double press to further remove water and consolidate the fibers followed by a dryer section. These sections can be conventional sections found on current containerboard machines. In a further embodiment, an air laid former can be used with any of the segments. The web leaving the dryer section travels over the remaining two board forming sections that are lined up behind it. In a preferred embodiment, the web passing over the remaining forming sections has an adequate guidance system and sufficient protection from any undesirable elements of the subsequent board forming sections of the forming segment. Each subsequent board forming segment has similar process and layout. In a preferred embodiment, the print side linerboard forming segment may also include a conventional calendar section at the end of the dryer section to provide enhanced smoothness. 
     In another embodiment, the corrugating medium board forming segment and the inside linerboard board forming segment are placed back-to-back (i.e., the webs are traveling in opposite directions on each of the board forming sections so that the webs leaving the two forming sections in relative proximity of each other) with their respective webs being joined together at the single facer subsegment of the corrugator segment which is located between the two board forming segments supplying the webs. From the single facer subsegment, the single face corrugated web proceeds over the final board forming segment (producing the print side liner). The corrugated single face web then joins the print side liner formed on the final board forming segment at the double backer corrugator subsegment. 
     In a slight variation of the above embodiment, the first two board forming segments are not placed back to back, but rather are placed one after the other in line with the two webs traveling in the same direction. In this embodiment the inside liner board web travels over the corrugating medium board forming segment and is joined with the corrugation medium web at the single facer subsegment (located behind the corrugating medium board forming segment). Similar to the back to back embodiment, the single faced corrugated web proceeds over the final board forming segment (the print side linerboard forming segment) and is joined with the print side linerboard web on the double backer corrugator subsegment. 
     Additional layouts include two paperboard forming segments placed back to back with the third board forming segment located above or below one of the two back to back board forming segments. In this embodiment, the corrugator subsegments (the single facer and double backer) could also be located above or below the other back to back forming segments. 
     A further embodiment can have at least two of the board forming segments located side by side, with the paper webs being directed to line up on top of each other for delivery into the corrugator segment. Yet another embodiment has at least two of the board webs being produced on a single board forming segment that produces a single web that is slit in half (because the web at this point is twice as wide as the corrugator) and the two webs are then oriented to enter the corrugator segment on top of each other. The third web (which would be the corrugating medium, since it must travel faster than the linerboard facings due to the additional length required for fluting) could either be formed on another forming segment or be in roll form (from another paper machine) that is unwound at the corrugator segment. 
     In a further embodiment, the invention comprises any one of the segments (inside linerboard, corrugating medium or outside linerboard) being formed from pulp and the other two segments unwound from a roll during the same process to manufacture the corrugated paperboard. In a further embodiment, the invention comprises the corrugating medium being produced from pulp and the inside liner board segment and the outside linerboard segment being delivered via rolls. 
     There are several other potential configurations or layouts that may be employed. 
     The corrugation segments can take the form of any current methodologies for corrugator. For example, one web could be fluted on a corrugator roll then laminated to another board web section referred to as the single facer. This combined web could be laminated to the third web in a section referred to as a double backer. 
     For clarification purposes, the multi-board forming machine segments should be contrasted to a multi-ply paperboard machine. Such multi-ply machines form multiple plys on the forming section of the wet end of a paper machine. Such machines have separate headboxes that form separate plys. The plys are, however, formed on top of each other on the forming fabric, with the multiple plys leaving the wire section already partially bonded to each other. From the wire, the partially bonded plys are pressed and dried together further bonding them into a single multi-ply web. This web is virtually always wound into a reel of paperboard. This is in contrast to the present invention, which forms, presses and dries separate webs of paperboard to create multiple webs of paperboard. Each of these webs can be single-ply or multi-ply formed in traditional manner or may have forming devices unique to the relatively slow speed of paper formation that likely take place in such process. 
     FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment wherein pulp  20  is delivered from storage tanks or chests  58  to headboxes  10  located in the inside linerboard, corrugating medium and outside linerboard making segments ( 32 ,  36 ,  38  respectively). Pulp  20  is converted into three separate containerboard webs in board making segments  32 ,  36  and  38  by being distributed from headboxes  10  onto forming sections  12 , subsequently traveling through press sections  14  and dryer sections  16 . To add smoothness to the outside linerboard web (the print side linerboard web that forms the outside layer of a corrugated container), the linerboard web first travels through the calendar section  24  which imparts a smoothness characteristic to the web. Forming segments  36  and  32  are orientated so as to form their respective webs in a manner in which the webs travel in a direction towards single facer segment  34 . The webs produced in board making segments  32  and  36  leave the dry ends of segments  32  and  36  and enter the single facer segment  34  where the corrugating medium web from the corrugating medium segment  36  is fluted and bonded with adhesive to the inside linerboard web that was produced on board making segment  32 . The combined webs, which are referred to as single face corrugated web, exits the single facer segment  34  and travels on bridge  22  which is located over board making segment  38 . The single face corrugated web exits the bridge  22  and enters the double backer corrugating segment  40  along with the outside linerbaord web produced on board making segment  38 . The outside linerboard web and the single face web are joined with adhesive in the double backer corrugating segment  40  by double backer  26 . The combined webs are now referred to as a single wall corrugated board. The board exits the double backer segment  40  where it is typically slit and cut into corrugated sheets at a slittter/cutter  28 . Sheets are then typically stacked and delivered on down stacker  30  located in the dry end segment  42 . 
     Traditional festooning sections  80  can be used to provide operators with the flexibility to allow for short stoppages of the corrugation segments  34  and  40 . Additional web take up is also provided conventionally on bridge  22 . 
     For producing the less common double wall and triple wall corrugated products, unwind stands  70  can be located near single facer segment  34  and the doublebacker segment  40 . These unwind stands  70  would unwind webs of board that can be joined with adhesive to each other and to the webs formed on board forming segments  30 ,  34  and  38  in the single facer segment  34  and double backer segment  40 . 
     Broke (wet pulp fibers and dry paper breaks)  27  that falls beneath the board making segments can travel on wet conveyors  85  to a common pulper  87  for repulping the fibers to re-enter the system. Similarly, waste at the corrugator segments can be gathered to be placed in a pulper to recover fibers for re-manufacture into board. 
     The stacked sheets from the embodiment can then travel to an on-site corrugated container converting equipment that converts the sheets to corrugated containers or can be bound for shipment to sheet plants for conversion into corrugated containers. 
     FIG. 2 illustrates the logistic benefit of the invention within the entire process in a recycled corrugated container facility. Vehicles  60  deliver typical furnish of old corrugated containers (OCC) and Mixed Office Waste (MOW)  54  to the facility. The furnish is placed in a pulper  58  where it is repulped into pulp. The pulp is processed through screening, cleaning and refining systems. The processed pulp is delivered to storage tanks or chests  68 . Pulp is then delivered to machine  22 , which was described above (FIG.  1 ). Broke  27  from the machine segments and trimmings  46  from the corrugation process (at the single facer and the double facer sections) as well as trim  46  from on-site corrugated converting  48  can be re-entered into the pulping process either ahead or behind the screening, cleaning and refining sections. 
     FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment wherein pulp  108 , which is delivered from storage chest  168  is distributed to headboxes  100  located in the inside linerboard, corrugating medium and outside linerboard making segments ( 140 ,  142  and  144  respectively). Pulp  108  is converted to board webs on board making segments  140 ,  142  and  144  by traveling on forming sections  102 , traveling through press sections  104  and dryer sections  106 . To add smoothness to the outside liner (the print side liner that forms the outside layer of a corrugated container), the linerboard web first travels through calendar section  112  which imparts a smoothness characteristic to the web. The inside linerboard web leaves board making segment  140  and travels over board making segments  142  and  144  by way of web guide device  110 , which conventionally consists of web tensioning devices such as rollers. The corrugating medium web leaves board making segment  142  and travels over board making segment  144  by way of web guide device  110 . The corrugating medium web and inside linerboard web enter the single facer segment  146  to be made into a single face corrugated web. The single face corrugated web travels on bridge  116  to the double backer  118  in double backer segment  148 . There, it is joined with the outside linerboard web formed on board making segment  144 , which traveled to segment  148  from segment  144  by way of web guide device  110 . The single face web is bonded with adhesive to the outside linerboard web in the double backer segment  148 . 
     The board exits the double backer segment  118  where it is typically slit and cut into corrugated sheets at a slitter/cutter  120 . Sheets are then typically stacked and delivered on down stacker  122 . 
     The stacked sheets  124  then can travel to on-site corrugated container converting equipment  128  that converts the sheets to corrugated containers or is bound for shipment to sheet plants for conversion to corrugated containers. 
     Broke (pulp fibers and dry paper breaks) that falls beneath the machines can travel on wet conveyors  185  to a common pulper  187  for repulping the fibers to re-enter the system. Similarly, the waste at the corrugator segments can be gathered to a common pulper to recover fibers for remanufacture into board. 
     FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment wherein pulp  236 , which is delivered from storage chest  260  is distributed to headboxes  200  located in the inside linerboard, corrugating medium and outside linerboard making segment ( 242 ,  240  and  238  respectively). Pulp  236  is converted to board webs on board making segments  242 ,  240  and  238  by traveling on forming sections  202 , traveling through press sections  204  and dryer sections  206 . To add smoothness to the outside liner (the print side liner that forms the outside layer of a corrugated container), the linerboard web first travels through calendar section  208  which imparts a smoothness characteristic to the web. As shown in FIG. 4, the board making segments are oriented in a stacked fashion. The corrugating medium and inside linerboard webs from segments  240  and  242  enter the single facer segment  244  to be joined into a single face corrugated web, which travels over bridge  212  and enters the double backer segment  246 . The outside linerboard web leaves board making segment  238  and is guided by web guiding system  250  to enter double backer segment  246 . The single face web is bonded with adhesive to the outside linerboard web in the double backer segment  246 . 
     The board exits the double backer segment  246  where it is typically slit and cut into corrugated sheets at a slitter/cutter  216 . Sheets are then typically stacked and delivered on down stacker  218 . 
     The stacked sheets then can travel to on-site corrugated container converting equipment  222  that converts the sheets to corrugated containers or is bound for shipment to sheet plants for conversions to corrugated containers. 
     The above illustrations show three possible configurations of the invention of producing a web or webs of containerboard that are subsequently used to produce corrugated board without the intermediate process of winding the containerboard on a web, cutting off the web to form a roll of containerboard and subsequently unwinding the roll of containerboard to combine webs into a corrugated sheet. Countless other configurations exist for layouts of the various board manufacturing and corrugation segments.