Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a crosscurrent tacking portable hydrokinetic energy conversion hydrofoil useful for generating electricity in moderate velocity currents and especially useful for rapid deployment and removal from a land base, boat or dock. The device comprises a buoyant and ballasted semi-cylindrical shroud containing a turbine rotor, annular cylindrical wing, a linear expansion nozzle, an alternator with linkages to a turbine shaft, an insulated conductor cable and tether lines. Hydrofoil elements enable the device to tack into a stream and hold a stable position. A system using two tether lines, each with one end connected to the device are fed into a stream to a desired distance from a surface base and are subsequently individually tensioned and fixed to a point on the base, stabilizing the device.

Description:
FIELD OF INVENTION 
     This invention relates to portable electric generating hydrokinetic energy conversion devices using horizontal axial flow turbines and more particularly to a partially shrouded device enabling crosscurrent positioning and rapid deployment and removal. 
     BACKGROUND OF INVENTION 
     In recent years around the globe, hydrokinetic energy conversion devices of many kinds have multiplied showing a wide range of inventive ideas intending to maximize efficiency of operation and cost effectiveness. The EERE Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database, November of 2011, includes 262 hydrokinetic devices of which 6% claimed to be tested in open water while another 5% are undergoing developmental testing. The EERE data also showed 4% were said to be grid connected and only one technology claimed to be commercially available. Other hydrokinetic technologies are known to exist, however, a point can be made given the EERE data that while the field is ripe with new invention, formidable obstacles stand in the way of development. 
     Calculating the production, installation and other associated costs of a new hydrokinetic technology may not produce an acceptable outcome in terms of cost per kilowatt hour in today&#39;s energy market, creating a challenge for investors to focus more on the long term environmental benefits than projecting the future financial returns. Large scale projects having enormous turbines generating a gigawatt of electricity would be economically more attractive and gamer more hope for municipal use than multiple arrays of kilowatt producing turbines, but hydrokinetic technologies rising to such a grand scale need testing and development opportunities over a long term, beginning with models scaled proportionately to available funding. Grid connections for hydrokinetic technologies provide equally challenging obstacles and may be more economically feasible for large scale projects. 
     Another use for hydrokinetic energy conversion is found where flowing water is present in remote locations and where grid connections do not exist, are not desirable, or are prohibitively expensive. Small scale hydrokinetic energy conversion systems in this instance would be cost effective, efficient and a reliable means of providing clean electricity from renewable resources. River front property owners, boat owners, military operations, as well as maritime and scientific equipment would benefit from a broad range of hydrokinetic energy conversion devices suitable to their various needs. Small hydrokinetic energy conversion devices would be useful additions to battery bank systems also connected to solar and wind energy conversion devices. 
     There is a problem with the installation of many hydrokinetic energy conversion devices in that, the stream locations having favorably high flow velocities for viable energy conversion, often present unfavorable conditions for placing and maintaining the required substantial supporting structures, such as submerged pilings and anchors. Environmental concerns prefer not to alter the streambed and existing structures such as bridge abutments or dams may not be available or permissible for such use. A need exists for a portable crosscurrent positioning device for hydrokinetic energy conversion, particularly an electric generating device comprising a horizontal axial flow turbine usable in shallow depths with moderate velocity currents, that can be rapidly deployed and removed from a flowing stream, that does not require an operator to enter the stream and that does not require an anchor fixed to the stream bed. Electric generating hydrokinetic energy conversion devices are known to exist having various portability features and specific design features to aid performance and installation. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,986,787 for RIVER TURBINE, issued Oct. 19, 1976 to William J. Mouton, Jr., et al. discloses two parallel horizontal axial turbines, each centered in a primary canted annular nozzle benefiting from an effect of Venturi principle, and a secondary canted annular nozzle circumscribing the primary nozzle creating a passageway for an acceleration of mainstream flow effecting the exhaust of the primary nozzle. The turbines may be mounted beneath a floating platform and tethered to an anchored to the stream bed. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,025,943 for HYDRO-ELECTRIC GENERATOR, issued Jun. 3, 1980 to Philippe Vauthier discloses a device tethered to a stream bed using a shrouded fan in a flowing current, whereby the flowing current rotates the fan having hollow blades designed to entrain water and by centrifugal force supply a jet of accelerated water to the vanes of generators mounted in a circular tubing on the periphery of the turbine. 
     United States Published Patent Application No. 2002/0088222 for DUAL HYDROTURBINE UNIT WITH COUNTER-ROTATING TURBINES, filed Sep. 7, 2001 by Philippe Vauthier discloses a tethered device having two shrouded axial fan turbines fixed parallel to each other operating in counter rotation. Parallel fins arranged around the shrouds are connected perpendicularly to augmentor rings located on the outer trailing edge of each shroud to affect a low pressure zone around exit flow through the shrouds. A mechanically controlled ballast tank alters pitch of the device and by altering the resistance of one turbine fan or the other controls yaw of the device. 
     United States Published Patent Application No. 2011/0095530 for TETHERED AQUATIC DEVICE WITH WATER POWERED TURBINE, filed Oct. 26, 2009 by Eric Blumer, et al. discloses a method and device comprising a tethered hydrofoil wing with inboard and outboard elevons to control roll, pitch and yaw while preforming a figure eight maneuver submerged in a flowing current. A propeller blade turbine located on the trailing edge of the wing drives a generator while the path of travel increases the turbine speed relative to the flow velocity. The method discloses generating electricity by creating a path of movement within a flowing current with a device which comprises an insulated conductor tether which may be anchored to a point on land or sea. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 8,022,567 for UNDERWATER DUCTED TURBINE, issued Sep. 20, 2011 to Barry V. Davis, et al. discloses an apparatus for a turbine for generating electrical power from water or air flow comprises a rotor disk having hydrofoil blades, guide vanes, a cylindrical housing, and a generator means. A skirt augmenter device is fitted to the housing to reduce the Betz effect and a screen is added to prevent debris and marine life from entering the turbine. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 7,291,936 for SUBMERSIBLE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATING PLANT, issued Nov. 6, 2007 to John H. Robson discloses a self-supporting device consisting of two side-by-side counter rotating horizontal axial turbines and a combination of a leverage system and pressure control system adjusting the hydrodynamic lifting forces to maintain constant depths. The device further comprises a torpedo shaped buoyancy tank and an airfoil shaped hydrofoil. 
     Similar United States patents that disclose hydrokinetic energy conversion devices include: U.S. Pat. No. 6,472,768 for HYDROKINETIC GENERATOR, issued Oct. 29, 2002 to Darwin Aldis Salls, U.S. Pat. No. 7,472,863 for SKY HOPPER, issued Jan. 6, 2009 to Steve Pak, U.S. Pat. No. 7,018,166 for DUCTED WIND TURBINE, issued Mar. 28, 2006 to Christopher Norman Gaskell, U.S. Pat. No. 6,409,466 for HYDRO TURBINE, issued Jun. 25, 2002 to John S. Lamont, U.S. Pat. No. 7,044,711 for HELICAL DEVICE FOR CONVERSION OF FLUID POTENTIAL ENERGY TO MECHANICAL ENERGY, issued May 16, 2006 to Ployed Jeffries Duncan, Jr., U.S. Pat. No. 7,456,514 KINETIC HYDROPOWER GENERATION FROM SLOW-MOVING WATER FLOWS, issued Nov. 25, 2008 to Jameel Ahmad, U.S. Pat. No. 7,874,788 for FLOW ENHANCEMENT FOR UNDERWATER TURBINE, issued Jan. 25, 2011 to Russell Stothers, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 7,298,056 for TURBINE-INTEGRATED HYDROFOIL, issued Nov. 20, 2007 to Andrew Roman Gizara, U.S. Pat. No. 3,818,703 for WAVE ENERGY CONVERTER ARRAY, issued Jun. 25, 1974 James M. Lapeyre, U.S. Pat. No. 6,626,638, for RIBBON DRIVE POWER GENERATION FOR VARIABLE FLOW CONDITIONS issued Sep. 30, 2003 to Jonathan B. Rosefsky, U.S. Pat. No. 7,063,579 for METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RETRIEVING ENERGY FROM A FLOWING STREAM OF WATER, issued Jun. 20, 2006 to Joseph Voves, U.S. Pat. No. 7,258,523 for MEANS TO REGULATE WATER VELOCITY THROUGH A HYDRO ELECTRIC TURBINE, issued Aug. 21, 2007 to Herbert L. Williams, U.S. Pat. No. 4,025,220 for FLUID CURRENT TURBINE WITH FLEXIBLE COLLECTORS, issued May 24, 1977 to David F. Thompson, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 7,600,963 for FLUID ENERGY CONVERTER, issued Oct. 13, 2009 to Donald C. Miller, U.S. Pat. No. 4,746,808 for PORTABLE HYDROELECTRIC GENERATOR UNIT, issued May 24, 1988 to Charles Kaeser, U.S. Pat. No. 7,938,622 for TAPERED HELICAL AUGER TURBINE TO CONVERT HYDROKINETIC ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY, issued May 10, 2011 to Winfield Scott Anderson, Jr., U.S. Pat. No. 7,466,035 for TRANSPORTABLE HYDRO-ELECTRIC GENERATING SYSTEM WITH IMPROVED WATER PRESSURE, issued Dec. 16, 2008 to Simon Srybnik et al. 
     Similar published applications for United States Patents include: United States Patent Published Application No. 2010/0001529 for RIBBON DRIVE POWER GENERATION AND METHOD OF USE filed Jul. 2, 2009 by Jonathan B. Rosefsky, United States Published Patent Application No. 2010/0327583 for PITCH, ROLL AND DRAG STABILIZATION OF A TETHERED HYDROKINETIC DEVICE, filed May 27, 2010 by Turner Hunt, United States Published Patent Application No. 2008/0211233 for WATER TURBINE IN TETHERED ASYMMETRIC NOZZLE, filed May 4, 2006 by Francis Allen Farrelly United States Published Patent Application No. 2009/0087301 for MACHINE FOR INCREASED HYDRO POWER GENERATION, filed Sep. 27, 2008 by Wayne F. Krouse, United States Published Patent Application No. 2010/0090473 for POWER-AUGMENTING SHROUD FOR ENERGY-PRODUCING TURBINES, filed Oct. 15, 2009 by Ben Glass. 
     None of these patents or publications individually or in any combination disclose or suggest the novel portable electric generating hydrokinetic energy conversion device of the present invention disclosed here in. 
     SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     In accordance with the present invention disclosed herein, there is provided a portable electric generating device comprising a permanent magnet alternator driven by a horizontal axial flow turbine which converts kinetic energy in flowing liquid to rotational energy of a turbine shaft. Linkages, such as a belt and pulley system deliver the rotational energy needed for turning the alternator to produce electricity. In other applications the turbine may be coupled to another machine such as a pump, compressor, etc. 
     The portable electric generating device of the present invention is launched into a flow sliding on its keel and a runner. A self-filling ballast chamber submerges the device dispersing a water weight of approximately 95% of the total weight of the device. Flowing water is met at the first instance by a vertically elongated bow stem having a thin airfoil in a proximate portion of the device, dividing the main stream flow into two general zones in accordance with Bernoulli law, resulting notably in a pressure difference vertically oriented to the two sides. The one side, being designated to reduced pressure and accelerated flow, is comprised of an elongated flat laminar-flow plane having convex surfaces defining the outer horizontal limits. A keel mounted to the convex surface of the lower semi-cylinder provides an additional foil and stability. 
     The other side of the device, being vertically asymmetrical and designated overall to increased pressure, comprises a linear expansion nozzle segment transition ing a thin airfoil to an inside surface of a semi-cylinder having a diameter smaller than the measure of the mouth of the expansion nozzle. The concavity of the semi-cylinder shrouds a portion of a horizontal axial flow turbine and more particularly a helically shaped auger-type floating water turbine. The turbine is held within the shrouded portion by a central shaft having a proximal end and a distal end, each end comprising bearings and brackets disposed to the concavity of the semi-cylinder. 
     One objective of the invention is to increase flow velocity into the turbine by Venturi effect and subsequently attain an improved flow through helical concavities of the turbine rotor. 
     Another objective of the invention is to control crosscurrent tacking using two tether lines, one providing thrust, and the other providing control of the angle of attack within a vertical orientation. The first tether line is connected to the device at a given center of pressure producing an angle of attack sufficient to climb in a given range of flow velocity. The second tether line is connected to the bow stem to reduce the angle of attack increasing the efficiency of the turbine while maintaining a constant position in the flow. Additionally, an annular cylindrical wing, being larger in diameter than the concavity of the semi-cylinder, is disposed distally thereon providing vertical and horizontal stabilizing assistance and a rudder effect to assist the angle of attack. 
     It is still another objective of the present invention to use the buoyancy provided by the floating water turbine in combination with additional buoyancy located in the upper regions of the device to submerge the floating water turbine and the shrouding portion below the water line, giving the device of the present invention a total volume displacing an amount of water weighing approximately 95% of the weight of the device. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       A complete understanding of the present invention may be obtained by reference to the accompanying drawings, when considered in conjunction with the subsequent, detailed description, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective first side view of the portable hydroelectric kinetic energy device of the present invention; 
         FIG. 1   a  is a detail perspective cross-sectional view of the device shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 1   b  is a second side view of the device shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 2  is a first opposing side view of the of the present invention shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a proximal perspective view of the present invention shown in of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 4  is a distal perspective view of the present invention shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 5  is a second opposing side cross-sectional view of the presentation invention shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 5   a  is an enlarged view of a protruding shaft at a proximal end of the device shown in  FIG. 5 ; 
         FIG. 5   b  is an enlarged view of a protruding shaft at a distal end of the device shown in  FIG. 5 ; 
         FIG. 6  is an enlarged view of a second opposing side of the device shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 7  is a system schematic diagram showing one possible way to tether the present invention in a flowing stream and an electrical system schematic showing one possible way of using electricity generated by the present invention. 
     
    
    
     For the purpose of clarity and brevity, like elements and components will bear the same designations and symbols throughout the FIGURES. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     The preferred embodiment is a device useful for an individual operator to generate electricity produced by converting kinetic energy in flowing water to rotational energy which drives a permanent magnet alternator. Disclosed herein is a description of the preferred embodiment and the operation thereof. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , there is shown a 7/8 perspective first side view of the preferred embodiment having an elongated central structure with an approximate relative length to height to width proportion of 25/9/4, generally at reference number  200 ,  FIG. 1   a  showing a detailed perspective view of a tapered leading edge of device of  FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 1   b  showing a second side of device of  FIG. 1  having tether lines attached thereto,  FIG. 5 , showing a second opposing side cross-sectional view revealing a frame structure  228  and placement of parts therein,  FIG. 5   a  showing a magnification detail view of a proximal turbine shaft end  101  of  FIG. 5  and  FIG. 5   b  showing a magnification detail view of a distal turbine shaft end  102  having linkages to an alternator  114  of  FIG. 5 . 
     The device  200  having horizontal symmetry comprises a turbine  100 , such as U.S. Pat. No. 7,633,174 for FLOATING WATER TURBINE FOR A POWER PLANT, issued Dec. 15, 2009 to Fred John Feiler. The volume of the said floating water turbine displaces an amount of water weighing from approximately 40% to 90% of the weight of the turbine contributing buoyancy to the present invention. As previously stated, it is an objective of the present invention to use said buoyancy of said floating water turbine in combination with additional buoyancy found in device  200 , completely submerging floating water turbine  100  to improve its efficiency. Buoyancy not found in other turbines may be compensated by increasing buoyancy within device  200 . It will be recognized that other turbines could be chosen to meet particular operating circumstances. Consequently, the invention contemplates and includes any suitable turbine. 
     Turbine  100  is maintained centrally positioned within a partial shroud, semi-cylinder  232 , comprises a longitudinal axis having a protruding shaft  101  at a proximal end thereof and a distal protruding shaft end  102 , each end comprising respectively, proximal bracketed axial bearing  103 , proximal thrust bearing  104  and proximal bracket  105 , distal bracketed axial bearing  106 , distal thrust bearing  107  and distal bracket  108  disposed at the midline of the long axis of semi-cylinder  232 , having brackets pass through the inside surface and are fastened to the convex side of the said semi-cylinder. Semi-cylinder  232  provides a partial shroud to contain pressure created by a partial linear expansion nozzle  230  thereby increasing the efficiency of turbine  100 . A nacelle shield  206  is centered longitudinally on the expansion nozzle  230  covering proximate said bracket and bearings. Using a partial shroud  232  to contain spilling over of a flow within turbine  100  and a partial linear expansion nozzle  230  to increase flow velocity into the turbine by Venturi effect, reduces the weight and profile associated with full coverage and allows the leading edge  109  of the helical rotor of turbine  100  to be influenced by the mainstream flow. 
     The proximate end of semi-cylinder  232  transitions at area  231  to the linear expansion nozzle  230  having at its widest point an increased measurement of approximately 33% to 45% of the diameter of semi-cylinder  232  and a gradual radial taper to a bow stem  201 . A portion of the linear expansion nozzle forms a flat Isosceles triangular area  236  having its base disposed at the bow stem  201  and its apex ramping approximately from 5 to 10 degrees shown in  FIG. 1   a  at an angle of 5 degrees disposed to the midpoint of the arc at the proximate end of semi-cylinder  232  producing a tapered leading edge at bow stem  201 . Said linear expansion nozzle  230 , having a liner dimension at the long axis of approximately 26% to 50% of the total length of the device, comprises upper and lower funneled concavities having smooth surfaces continuous with flat triangular area  236  and are disposed at the edges of rails  202   a  and  202   b.    
     Said rails  202   a  and  202   b  symmetrically shaped comprises: proximal ends disposed at opposite ends of said bow stem  201 , linear edges disposed at the sides of 170 degree semi-cylinders  209   a  and  209   b , other linear edges disposed at the edges of said linear expansion nozzle  230  and said semi-cylinder  232  and a distal end disposed at an annular cylindrical wing  203 . Said symmetrical rails  202   a  and  202   b  further comprise a proximal parabolic curve, a transition  231  at the juncture of the proximate arc endpoints of semi-cylinder  232  to flat planes horizontally inclined within a range of 85 degrees to 180 degrees and shown in  FIG. 4  inclined at an angle of 118 degrees adjacently toward a horizontal axis, and a distal transition area  233  to said annular cylindrical wing  203 . The inclined angles of the rails add to the laminar flow area and aid in directing fluid pressure to effect the turbine rotation. It will be recognized that any diameter or length may be chosen for the semi-cylinder and further recognized that other angles, arcs, ratios and proportions may be chosen for the semi-cylinder, rails and linear expansion nozzle to meet a particular operating circumstance or environment. Consequently, the invention comprehends any changes to specific measurements, ratios and proportions in keeping with the spirit of the invention. 
     The preferred embodiment shows that on the distal outer edges of said rails  202   a  and  202   b , disposed distally at an angle within a range of 90 degrees to 135 degrees to said elongated flat laminar-flow plane and shown in  FIG. 5  and  FIG. 6 , at an angle of 127 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the device, is disposed the leading edge  213  of an annular cambered wing  203  with an approximate, (plus or minus 1), camber  211  according to NACA 4-digit Series: 4 (maximum camber in % chord), 4 (position of maximum camber in 1/10 of c), 12 (max thickness in % of chord). The preferred embodiment also shows said annular cambered wing  203  comprising a cylinder having an approximate inside diameter 33.33% larger than the diameter of semi-cylinder  232  and having a chord width 9.5% of the length of its circumference. Said annular cambered wing provides stability and lift to device  200 . It will be recognized that other proportions may be chosen for the wing cylinder to meet a particular operating circumstance or environment. Consequently, the invention comprehends an annular cambered wing having any wing angle fixed or adjustable with any varying camber, cord width or annular dimension. 
       FIG. 6  is a second opposing side view of  FIG. 1 , having semi-cylinder  209   b  removed, showing a supporting frame structure  238  and placement of parts therein. A tether bar  204  comprises a semi-circular pipe with one end passing through rail  202   a  and the other end passing through rail  202   b , offset distally, shown disposed at an angle of 65 degrees to the long axis and fastened to a frame structure within the device by angle adjustment retainers  222  comprising sheer fasteners  238 . The tether bar  204  protruding from within the device contains an insulated conductor cable  219  emerging from a hole at the distal midpoint of the arc of said tether bar  204 . A tether line  217  connecting ring  207  is fastened to the midpoint of tether bar  204  with clamp  212 . The location of the connecting ring of the preferred embodiment provides the device with an angle of attack of 12 degrees in a mainstream flow and with 100% tension on tether line  217 , transfers the energy of the flow to lift created by device  200  into an upstream tack in accordance with Bernoulli law. Tensioning the second tether line  218  connected to ring  208  at said bow stem reduces the angle of attack thereby increasing the efficiency of the turbine while maintaining a constant position in the flow. Tether bar  204  having an offset angle of 65 degrees on a pivot point  237  at the intersection with the rails may be adjusted to another angle, thereby changing the angle of attack. It will be recognized that such adjustment may be made to suit other operating conditions by relocating shear fastener  238  on angle adjustment retainers  222 , or by other means not shown, such as a servomechanism, mechanical or other electrically actuated mechanism connected to the end regions beyond the pivot point  237  at the rail intersection of said tether bar  204 . 
     It will further be recognized that shear pins, springs or other break-away mechanisms, not shown, may be used to allow device  200  to pivot toward tether bar  204  when excessive force is applied to tether line  217 . In the event of an excessive flow velocity or being struck by an object, device  200  will lose its predetermined angle of attack and drift downstream tethered on a radial path from the anchor point. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , there is shown a first opposing side view of the present invention of  FIG. 1  in a flipped position showing semi-cylinder  209   a  as the lower portion of the device. Semi-cylinders  209   a  and  209   b  are produced from linear convex sections of tubing having symmetrically tapered proximate sections, each forming respective adjacent ramps of approximately 23 degrees. Said semi-cylinders  209   a  and  209   b  comprising side edges disposed at the edges of said rails, form upper and lower portions of device  200  having opposite edges deposed tangentially to the longitudinal edges of a flat plane  235 . Said semi-cylinders  209   a  and  209   b  having proximal ends disposed at said bow stem ends and distal ends forming trailing edges disposed at the extremity of said elongated body. The preferred embodiment further shows semi-cylinders  209   a  and  209   b  having arcs measuring approximately 170 degrees. The flat plane  235  having sides disposed at said cylinders  209   a  and  209   b , having a proximate end at bow stem  201  and a distal end disposed at the alternator cowling, comprises a height approximately 42% of the total height of the device providing a laminar flow surface. An additional 21.4% of the surface of flat plane  235  is provided by removable keel  210  disposed at a parallel plane on the arc of semi-cylinder  209   a  approximately 130 degrees from the adjoining edge of plane  235 . It will be recognized other height ratios of flat vs. curved surface area may be used for conditions requiring a change in the laminar flow area and, or, floatation area and consequently may require a change in the diameter and arc of semi-cylinders  209   a  and  209   b . Such changes will be considered within the scope of the present invention. 
     Centrally disposed from the distal end of flat plane  235  and extending to the midsection is shown a cowling  223  containing a permanent magnet alternator and an adjustable horizontal stabilizing nacelle  221  comprising a long taper and flat side planes adjacent to an angle from approximately 16 to 25 degrees disposed perpendicular to the flat laminar plane  235 . Stabilizing nacelle is adjustable by means of pivot fastener  215  and anchor fastener  234  to aid in stabilizing a horizontal position in a flow. Runners  220  connected to a frame section at the proximal end of alternator cowling  223  protrude from the nacelle. The specific alternator forms no part of the present invention which includes any and all suitable alternator types and styles. It will be recognized by those of skill in the art that many permanent magnet alternators may be used and may require dimensional changes to the cowling  223  and stabilizing nacelle  221 . Nacelle and cowling may be constructed using rectangular and triangular flat planes, or cylindrical and conical shapes, in either case the said adjustable nacelle  221  comprises flat side planes  239   a  and  239   b  perpendicular to the flat plane  235  and adjacent to an angle of approximately 0 to 20 degrees. 
     Referring to  FIG. 3 , there is a proximal perspective view of the present invention of  FIG. 1  showing leading edges of the proximate end of the device  200  having vertical asymmetry. Turbine  100  comprising leading edge  109  centrally located in the semi-cylinder  232  is shown to have a diameter 4% smaller than the inside diameter of semi-cylinder  232 . Linear expansion nozzle  230  shows the upper and lower funneled concavities with surfaces disposed at the sides of the flat Isosceles triangular area  236  shown in  FIG. 1   a . Bow stem  201  having one edge disposed at the base of triangular area  236  and the other edge disposed radially at the laminar surface of flat plane  235 , forms the leading edge of the present invention. The combined surfaces produce a linear laminar foil producing pressure differences displaced laterally. The liner expansion nozzle  230  shows the area which produces an increased flow velocity introduced into the proximate end of the graduated helical portion of the turbine  100 . Annular cylindrical wing  203  shows leading edge  213  having a diameter 33.33% larger than the diameter of semi-cylinder  232 . 
     Referring back to  FIG. 6 , centered on the bow stem  201  to support tether line  218  is a connecting ring  208  fastened through said bow stem into a frame structure within the device. The bow stem having rounded edges is joined by rails  202   a  and  202   b  having flat surfaces. The frame  228  comprises ribs and beams to support the outer surfaces and may be constructed from wood, plastics, metal, composites, or any combination of such materials. Space for floatation and or, ballast is provided within the frame sections  227   a  and  227   b.    
     Now referring to  FIG. 4 , there is a distal perspective view of the present invention of  FIG. 1  showing a trailing edge of a plurality of flight components at the distal end of the device in a flipped position in relation to  FIG. 3 , having a removable keel  210  relocated to semi-cylinder  209   b . Chamber area  227   a  extending to the proximate end of the device comprising sections between frame members contain floatation and an equal chamber area  227   b  respectively, having sections between frame members contain ballast water. Holes  229  shown in  FIG. 2  are provided in semi-cylinders  209   a  and  209   b  to allow air to escape from the upper sections and water to flow into the lower sections. An air bladder system may be used having connecting tubing to opposite sections of  227   a  and  227   b , partially filled with air, maintain buoyance in the upper sections by ballast water filling the lower sections, compressing the airbladder and forcing the contained air into the upper chamber. Closed cell foam may be used additionally, or in place of air bladders for flotation requiring repositioning of foam to opposite side sections for operating the device in a flow from an opposite direction. Removable keel  210  also repositioned to the opposite side provides additional ballast and aids in maintaining the desired position of the device while taking on ballast water. 
     The device  200  comprising all its parts and components, is designed to have a combined weight less than or equal to the weight of the volume of water displaced thereby. In the embodiment chosen for the purpose of disclosure, the volume displaces an amount of water weighing approximately 95% of the total weight of the device. It will be recognized that other predetermined ratios of weight vs. weight-of-displaced-water could be chosen to meet a particular operating circumstance or environment. Consequently, the invention comprehends a volume displacing an amount of water weighing within a range of 80% to 100% of the weight of the device. The device may, therefore, be made from wood, plastics, expanded polymer foam, composites, rubber, metal or any other material that satisfies this buoyancy requirement. The exposed surface areas of the device must be smooth, durable and resilient to withstand impact. It will be also recognized that many of the identified components of the device may be a unified structure. 
     Referring back to  FIGS. 5 and 5   b  annular cylindrical wing  203  having a leading edge  213 , trailing edge  214  and camber  211  is disposed at the distal end of the concavity of semi-cylinder  232  at an angle within a range of 90 degrees to 135 shown at an angle of 127 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the preferred embodiment. A belt  110  passing through the chord of wing  203  links a drive pulley  111  on the central shaft of turbine  100 , covered by a shield  205 , to a driven pulley  112  on an alternator shaft  113 , covered by shield  216 , thereby transferring the rotation of turbine  100  to the alternator  114 . It will be recognized by those skilled in the art that other methods and mechanisms for transferring the rotation of a drive shaft to a driven shaft may be implemented. 
     Finally referring to  FIG. 7 , shows one possible way to tether the present invention in a flowing stream  250  from a land base  251  and also an electrical system schematic showing one possible way of using electricity generated by the present invention. 
     Tether line  219  connected to the tether bar  204  protruding from the device  200  at one end turns around a double pulley  225  and a second pulley of the same kind and having the other end tied to a cleat  226 . In like manner tether line  218  connected to the bow stem at one end of device  200  turns around pulleys on shared axles and is tied to a cleat at the other end. Tension is adjusted on tether line  218  to bring the longitudinal axis of the device  200  to an angle of attack to approximately 7 to 12 degrees to the mainstream flow. A combined tension on the tether lines require a solid anchoring point which may include ratcheting reels to assist feeding out, reeling in and locking the tether lines. It will be recognized by those of skill in the art that many forms of pulleys, reels, ratchets, and locking devices may be implemented depending on operational requirements. 
     By way of example, facing the turbine rotor side of the device and having the bow pointing upstream an operator verifies the keel is on the bottom of the device and reposition if necessary. Tether line  217  is temporarily secured to an anchor point having a short length of slack to reach beyond existing eddies. The device is positioned on the bank downstream from the anchor point taking up the slack and pushed into the flow sliding on its keel and runner. An operator may then position the device  200  by increasing the length of tether lines and adjusting the tension. Tensioning the bow tether line  218  reduces the angle of attack and may be adjusted to the lowest angle possible for retaining a position in a particular flow  249 . Tension on the bow tether line  218  beyond this balance point will cause the device to head into the mainstream, loose thrust and drift downstream to shore. Such a condition is desirable for retrieval or when the bow tether  218  comes in contact with floating objects in the mainstream flow. 
     To calculate an anchoring point to reach a desired area in a flow, again by way of example, an alternator operating under load in a flow velocity of approximately 3.5 feet per second having an angle of attack approximately 10 degrees using approximately 60 feet of tether length would locate the device approximately 48.5 feet downstream and approximately 35.3 feet into the mainstream flow. Actual results may vary with water environment and conditions. Efficiency of the turbine operation may be monitored by a voltage meter to suggest the optimum achievable angle of attack and tether length, in a particular flow from a chosen point of anchoring. 
     Cable  219  may be joined to tether line  217  to the anchoring area  224  or separated at a distance from the device to alleviate weight and drag on tether line  217 . A 12 gauge AWG insulated three conductor cable  219  transmits three phase alternating current to a rectifier  240 . One possible electrical scheme may comprise at least one bridge rectifier  240 , a 15 amp breaker  241 , a dump load  242 , a charge controller  243 , a 30 amp breaker  244 , a battery  245 , a direct current disconnect breaker  246  and an inverter  247 . A 110 volt alternating current supplied by the inverter may be used to power an electrical device  248  within the output limitation of the inverter. It will be recognized by those skilled in the art that other electrical schemes may be used to fulfill 110 volt or, other power requirements. A specific electrical scheme forms no part of the present invention which includes any and all electrical schemes, systems and components. 
     It will be recognized that the embodiment described hereinabove may require additional mechanisms to protect device  200  from damage caused by debris or excessive flow velocities. Brakes, clutches, governors, shear pins, screens, or other such regulating and/or protecting devices known to those of skill in the art of course, may be added without deviating from the invention. 
     Since other modifications and changes varied to fit particular operating requirements and environments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the invention is not considered limited to the examples chosen for the purpose of disclosure, and covers all changes and modifications which do not constitute departures from the true spirit and scope of the invention. 
     Having thus described the invention, what is desired to be protected by Letters Patent is presented in the subsequently appended claims.