Abstract:
A method and system provide interoperable electronic financial services using mobile communications devices and without the need for traditional banking systems like plastic cards, POS machines, branches and ATMs. A consumer can deposit and/or withdraw money from his account using his mobile device and with the help of a local agent without ever stepping inside a branch of a bank where the consumer has an account. The system uses the consumers ID and his mobile number to generate a PAN for the consumer, which is then used to route the transactions. The system uses indicators in the transaction to identify transaction purpose and thus enable appropriate interchange, clearing and settlement between participating entities. The system provides real-time feedback on the transactions and reduces costs by enabling an agent to service consumers of multiple banks and payment service providers.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a 371 of international application No. PCT/US2012/033083 filed Apr. 11, 2012, which is a non-provisional of and claims the benefit of the filing date of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/474,216, filed on Apr. 11, 2011, of which are all herein incorporated by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     A typical transaction infrastructure in developed areas in the United States may comprise wired networks that connect merchants to a payment processing network via acquirer computers. This transaction infrastructure allows users in developed areas to easily conduct payment transactions. The transaction infrastructure in developed areas of the world can allow people to conduct transactions such as credit, debit, money transfer, and banking transactions. 
     Some underdeveloped and/or remote regions of the world do not have the transaction infrastructure that is present in developed regions of the world. Even though a traditional transaction infrastructure is not available to them, people in these remote and under-developed regions have the same financial service needs, e.g., savings, payments, transfers, credit, insurance, etc. as those in developed regions. 
     What is therefore needed is a secure and efficient technological solution to allow people in remote and/or underdeveloped regions to perform transactions such as financial transactions, even though a typical transaction infrastructure is not available. 
     Embodiments of the invention address these and other problems, individually and collectively. 
     SUMMARY 
     Embodiments of the present invention provide a mobile phone based financial transaction platform (e.g., a banking platform) to enable financial transactions. Such financial transactions include, banking transactions such as deposit and withdrawals from an account, money transfer from one person to another, bill pay services, ATM withdrawals, etc. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention provide a system for conducting banking transactions using a mobile communication device. The system includes a consumer account processor (which may be an example of a user account processing server computer) that can communicate with a consumer mobile device (which may be an example of a mobile communication device) and process transactions related to the consumer account, an agent account processor (which may be an example of an agent account processing server) that can communicate with a mobile device of an agent and process transactions for the agent, a universal gateway for managing communications to and from the consumer mobile device and the agent mobile device, and a payment processing network to process the payment transactions. 
     In some embodiments, the present invention provides methods for conducting several types of banking transactions including, but not limited to depositing money into an account, withdrawing money from an account, transferring money from one entity to another, paying for bills, and withdrawing funds from an ATM. 
     In one embodiment of the invention, a method performed by a first server computer to conduct financial transactions is described. The method comprises receiving, at a first server computer associated with a first entity, a set of data elements to transfer funds from the first entity operating a mobile communication device to a second entity from a communication via a communications network. The set of data elements includes a mobile communication device identifier used by the second entity or a second entity identifier, and an amount associated with the funds to be transferred. Then the first server computer generates a transaction request message, wherein the transaction request message comprises a transaction type indicator, the amount associated with the funds to be transferred, and the mobile communication device identifier used by the second entity. The method further comprises transmitting the transaction request message to a second server computer associated with the second entity, via a payment processing network, and receiving a transaction response message from the second server computer via the payment processing network. The transaction response message indicates whether or not the transfer of funds is approved. 
     In another embodiment of the invention, the transfer of funds is a deposit transaction. In this case, the transaction type indicator is a deposit transaction indicator. When the transfer of funds is a deposit transaction, the first server computer is an agent account processing server computer, and the second server computer is a user account processing server computer. The transaction request message is an original credit transaction request message and the transaction response message is an original credit transaction response message. 
     In another embodiment of the invention, the transfer of funds is a withdrawal transaction. In this case, the transaction type indicator is a withdrawal transaction indicator. When the transfer of funds is a withdrawal transaction, the first server computer is a user account processing server computer, and the second server computer is an agent account processing server computer. The transaction request message is an original credit transaction request message, and the transaction response message is an original credit transaction response message. 
     Another embodiment of the invention is related to a first server computer comprising a processor, and a non-transitory computer-readable medium coupled to the processor, the non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising code executable by the processor for implementing a method. The method comprises receiving, at a first server computer, a set of data elements to transfer funds from a first entity operating a mobile communication device to a second entity from a communication via a communications network. The set of data elements includes a mobile communication device identifier used by the second entity or a second entity identifier, and an amount associated with the funds to be transferred. Then the first server computer generates a transaction request message, wherein the transaction request message comprises a transaction type indicator, the amount associated with the funds to be transferred, and the mobile communication device identifier used by the second entity. The method further comprises transmitting the transaction request message to a second server computer, via a payment processing network, and receiving a transaction response message from the second server computer via the payment processing network. The transaction response message indicates whether or not the transfer of funds is approved. 
     Another embodiment of the invention is related to a method performed by a central server computer to conduct financial transactions. The method comprises receiving, from a first server computer associated with a first entity and at a central server computer, a transaction request to transfer funds from the first entity to a second entity, wherein the transaction request comprises a transaction type indicator, an amount associated with the transfer of funds, and a mobile communications device identifier used by the second entity or a second entity identifier. The central server computer then parses the transaction request message, determines a second server computer associated with the second entity, and transmits the transaction request message to the second server computer. The method comprises the central server computer receiving a transaction response message from the second server computer, parsing the transaction response message, and determining the first server computer. The central server computer then transmits the transaction response message to the first server computer. 
     Another embodiment of the invention is related to a central server computer comprising a processor, and a non-transitory computer readable medium coupled to the processor, the non-transitory computer readable medium comprising code executable by the processor for implementing a method. The method comprises receiving, from a first server computer associated with a first entity and at a central server computer, a transaction request to transfer funds from the first entity to a second entity, wherein the transaction request comprises a transaction type indicator, an amount associated with the transfer of funds, and a mobile communications device identifier used by the second entity or a second entity identifier. The central server computer then parses the transaction request message, determines a second server computer associated with the second entity, and transmits the transaction request message to the second server computer. The method comprises the central server computer receiving a transaction response message from the second server computer, parsing the transaction response message, and determining the first server computer. The central server computer then transmits the transaction response message to the first server computer. 
     In another embodiment of the invention, a method of withdrawing funds from a second entity device is described. The method comprises receiving, at a first server computer associated with a first entity, a set of data elements to withdraw funds from the first entity operating a mobile communication device from a communication via a communications network, wherein the set of data elements comprises an amount associated with the funds to be withdrawn. Then the first server computer derives a one-time temporary use account identifier and an associated one-time temporary use access code (e.g., a one time PIN). The method further comprises the first server computer transmitting the one-time temporary use account identifier to the mobile communications device, and transmitting the one-time temporary access code to the mobile communications device in a separate message from the one-time temporary use account identifier. The first server computer then receives a transaction request message from a second server computer associated with a second entity, after the second entity has received entry of the one-time temporary account identifier and the associated one-time temporary use access code, via a payment processing network. The transaction request message comprises the amount, the one-time temporary account identifier, and the associated one-time temporary access code. The first server computer then transmits a transaction response message to the second server computer associated with the second entity, via a payment processing network; wherein the transaction response message indicates whether or not the transfer of funds is approved. 
     In another embodiment of the invention, a first server computer comprising a processor and a non-transitory computer medium are described. The non-transitory computer readable medium comprises code executable by the processor to perform a method. The method comprises receiving, at a first server computer associated with a first entity, a set of data elements to withdraw funds from the first entity operating a mobile communication device from a communication via a communications network, wherein the set of data elements comprises an amount associated with the funds to be withdrawn. Then the first server computer derives a one-time temporary use account identifier and an associated one-time temporary use access code. The method further comprises the first server computer transmitting the one-time temporary use account identifier to the mobile communications device, and transmitting the one-time temporary access code to the mobile communications device in a separate message from the one-time temporary use account identifier. The first server computer then receives a transaction request message from a second server computer associated with a second entity, after the second entity has received entry of the one-time temporary account identifier and the associated one-time temporary use access code, via a payment processing network. The transaction request message comprises the amount, the one-time temporary account identifier, and the associated one-time temporary access code. The first server computer then transmits a transaction response message to the second server computer associated with the second entity, via a payment processing network; wherein the transaction response message indicates whether or not the transfer of funds is approved. 
     These and other embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a diagram of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a diagram of a network system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  illustrates diagram of a system a message flow in the system for a transaction according to an embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 3  illustrates the operation of a user depositing money into his account using the system 
         FIG. 4  is flow diagram of a process for the transaction in  FIG. 3  according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIGS. 5 and 6  illustrate the operation of a user withdrawing money from his account using the mobile banking system. 
         FIG. 5  illustrates a message flow in the system for a transaction according to an embodiment of the present invention 
         FIG. 6  is a flow diagram of a process for the transaction in  FIG. 5  according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIGS. 7 and 8  illustrate the operation of a user transferring money to a recipient user using a system according to an embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 7  illustrates a message flow in the system for a transaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 8  is a flow diagram of a process for the transaction in  FIG. 7  according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIGS. 9 and 10  illustrate the operation of a user transferring money to a recipient user using the system. 
         FIG. 9  illustrates a message flow in the system for a transaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 10  is a flow diagram of a process for the transaction in  FIG. 9  according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIGS. 11 and 12  illustrate the operation of a user transferring money to a recipient user using the system. 
         FIG. 11  illustrates a message flow in the system for a transaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 12  is a flow diagram of a process for the transaction in  FIG. 11  according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIGS. 13 to 16  illustrate the operation of a user withdrawing cash from an ATM. 
         FIGS. 13 and 14  illustrate a message flow in the system for a transaction according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIGS. 15 and 16  are flow diagrams of a process for the transaction in  FIGS. 13-14  according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIGS. 17( a )-17( b )  illustrate exemplary generated account identifiers according to an embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 18  is a block diagram of an exemplary computer apparatus. 
         FIG. 19  shows an exemplary user interface menu display and flow on a user&#39;s mobile communications device according to an embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 20  shows an exemplary agent interface menu display and flow on an agent&#39;s mobile communications device according to an embodiment of the invention 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Embodiments of the present invention provide for systems and methods for performing traditional banking operations using existing mobile communication channels, and mobile communication devices, such as mobile phones. In some embodiments, a mobile phone can be used to deposit money into a user account, withdraw money from the user account, transfer money from one user to another, pay bills, and/or withdraw money from an automated teller machine (ATM), among other things, without the use of a traditional payments infrastructure (e.g., with wired lines to POS or point of service terminals via acquirer computers). 
     Further descriptions of some terms can be provided for a better understanding of embodiments of the invention. 
     A “first entity” and a “second entity” may be any suitable entities that can use the systems and methods according to embodiments of the invention. For example, in some embodiments, the “first entity” may be a user or and the “second entity” may be an agent of a bank (or vice-versa). An agent may be a merchant, an individual, a service provider, a bank, or a representative of one or more of these entities. For example, in one embodiment, an agent may be a person that is a representative of a bank 
     A “first server computer” may be any suitable computer that is associated with the first entity. Examples of first server computers may include a user account processing server computer (alternatively referred to as a user account processor in some instances), an agent account processing server computer (alternatively referred to as an agent account processor in some instances), etc. 
     A “second server computer” may be any suitable computer that is associated with the second entity. Examples of second server computers may include a user account processing server computer (alternatively referred to as a user account processor in some instances), an agent account processing server computer (alternatively referred to as an agent account processor in some instances), etc. 
     The first server and second server computers can each be a powerful computer or a cluster of computers. For example, the first server computer can be a large mainframe, a minicomputer cluster, or a group of servers functioning as a unit. The first server computer may comprise a processor and a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising code executable by the processor to perform functions, such as generating messages, electronically receiving and transmitting messages/data, parsing messages/data, and using an algorithm to generate account numbers associated with the first entity. The second server computer could have similar features in other embodiments of the invention. 
     It is noted that the references to “first” and “second” are not intended to be limiting, and that embodiments of the invention may include third, fourth, etc., entities and computers, whether or not they are not explicitly described herein. 
     A “mobile communications device” may be any suitable device that can be easily transported from one location to another. Further, a mobile communications device may be in any suitable form. Examples of devices include cellular phones, PDAs, personal computers (PCs), tablets, and the like. Such devices can be hand-held, compact, mobile, and enabled to communicate over a communications network interface, such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), and may have an associated device identifier (e.g., mobile phone number). 
     A “mobile communications device identifier” may be any suitable identifier to uniquely identify the mobile communications device. The identifier may be a string of pre-determined length of numbers, letters, and/or combination of both. For example, a mobile communications device identifier may a string of numbers consisting 9 digits. 
     A “communications network” may include any form, medium, or method of electronically communicating and transmitting data using mobile communications devices. Examples of a communications network include the Internet, radio, and/or telecommunications network (e.g., GSM). The communications network may comprise hardware and software to operate a gateway to receive, transmit, and process various communication protocols, such as USSD (unstructured supplementary service data), or GPRS (general packet radio service). 
     “Data elements” may be any suitable data transmitted any suitable message or communication over the communications network, and data elements may be transmitted in the form of SMS (short messaging service) or other text messaging services used in mobile communications devices. Data elements according to embodiments of the invention may include a mobile communications device identifier, and an amount associated with a transfer of funds. In some embodiments, data elements may also include a user identifier, one-time generated personal account number (PAN), or one-time generated personal identification number (PIN). Other examples of data elements may comprise a mobile device identifier or a merchant ID, bill number, and/or biller ID. Data elements may include information that can be used to facilitate a transaction between the entities participating in a particular transaction. 
     A “transaction request message” may be any suitable message transmitted from the first entity to the second entity through a financial system transaction network, such as a payment processing network. A transaction request message may in the standard ISO 8583 messaging format, or in any other suitable financial system transaction messaging format. Suitable messages may be in an 0200 message format. In embodiments of the invention, a transaction request message may include a transaction type indicator, an amount associated with the transfer of funds from the first entity to the second entity, information identifying the first entity and a mobile communications device identifier associated with the second entity. 
     In some embodiments, the transaction request message can be an OCT (Original Credit Transaction) type message. An OCT transaction is typically a clearing and settlement credit transaction designed for use in business applications such as a business money transfer or business-to-consumer repayments. In some cases, the OCT carries only the account number of the recipient and no information about the sender. A special indicator identifies an OCT to the recipient of the message. OCT messages may also include an Electronic Commerce Indicator (ECI) to indicate an Internet OCTs (if appropriate). 
     A “transaction type indicator” may be any suitable indicator that determines a type of transaction. Examples of types of transactions include, deposit, withdrawal, bill pay, ATM withdrawal, and recipient transfer. In embodiments of the invention, the transaction indicator is generated at the first entity initiating the transfer of funds. For example, an agent (first entity) may initiate a transfer of funds to a user (second entity) by transmitting a transaction request message with a transaction indicator indicating the transfer of funds is a deposit transaction in which the user wishes to make a deposit at the agent. 
     Transaction type indicators may further take any suitable form, and may be in the form of letters, numbers, etc. For instance, a transaction type indicator could be “1” for a deposit transaction and “2” for a withdrawal transaction. The transaction type indicators could be placed in a transaction type indicator data field in a transaction request message. 
     A “transaction response message” may be any suitable message transmitted from the second entity to the first entity through a financial system transaction network, such as a payment processing network, in response to the transaction request message. A transaction response message may in the standard ISO 8583 messaging format, or in any other suitable financial system transaction messaging format. In embodiments of the invention, a transaction response message may include a transaction type indicator, an amount associated with the transfer of funds from the first entity to the second entity, a mobile communications device identifier associated with the second entity, and an indication that the transfer of funds was approved or not approved. It may also comprise other elements including a risk score, or information identifying the second entity. 
     A “payment processing network” may include data processing subsystems, networks, and operations used to support and deliver authorization services, exception file services, and clearing and settlement services. A payment processing network may be any suitable network able to transmit and receive financial system transaction messages (e.g., ISO 8583 messages), and process original credit and debit card transactions. An exemplary payment processing system may include VisaNet™. Payment processing systems such as VisaNet™ are able to process credit card transactions, debit card transactions, and other types of commercial transactions. 
     A “server computer” can be a powerful computer or a cluster of computers. For example, the server computer can be a large mainframe, a minicomputer cluster, or a group of servers functioning as a unit. A server computer may comprise a processor and a non-transitory computer readable medium. The non-transitory computer readable medium may comprise code executable by the processor to perform methods, program functions, and algorithms. A server computer may also comprise hardware and software enabling over communications networks, such as the Internet, intranet, and/or telecommunications networks. 
     System Overview 
     In embodiments of the invention, a user may wish to conduct a transaction with another user (e.g., an agent) using the user&#39;s mobile communications device. The transaction may be a deposit, a withdrawal, a payment for a bill, a transfer to another user, and/or a payment other user. The other user could be an agent, which may be a representative of a bank, merchant, etc. In some cases, the user&#39;s mobile communications device may transmit and receive messages to various participants and computers in the system via a mobile network operator (MNO). 
       FIG. 1  is illustrates a system  100  for performing financial transactions according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system  100  includes a user mobile communications device  102 , an agent mobile communications device  122 , and their respective mobile network operators (MNO1  104  providing communications services to the user, and MNO2  120  providing communications services to the agent). The MNOs may include an unstructured supplementary services data (USSD) or general radio packet service (GPRS) gateway  106 . MNOs  104 ,  120  may be embodied by any suitable communications or computer systems that can facilitate the functions of traditional mobile network operators. The system  100  may also include a user account processor  108  in communication with the user mobile communications device  102  via the MNO1  104  and Gateway  106 . The user account processor  108  may also include a mobile interface  108 ( a ) and a SMS center  108 ( b ) (SMSC) to generate SMS messages to and from the user mobile communications device  102 . 
     Similarly for the agent mobile communications device  122 , there is an associated agent account processor  116 . The agent account processor  116  may include a mobile interface  116 ( a ) and a SMS center  116 ( b ) (SMSC) to generate, receive, and transmit SMS messages to and from the agent mobile communications device  122  via MNO2  120 , providing communications services to the agent mobile communications device  122 . The MNO2  120  may also include a USSD/GPRS Gateway  107 . As can be seen in  FIG. 1 , the user mobile communications device  102  and the agent mobile communications device  122  communicate with MNO1  104  and MNO2  120 , respectively, using mobile messages, such as SMS. In other embodiments, other communication mechanisms such as e-mail may be used. MNO1  104 , gateway  106 , mobile interface  108 ( a ) and SMSC  108 ( b ) of the user account processor  108  communicate using secure hypertext transfer protocol secure (https), for example, via the Internet (not shown). Other communication protocols may be used in other embodiments of the invention. 
     Consumer mobile communications device  102  and agent mobile communications device  122  can be any mobile communication device capable of sending and receiving data via a wireless medium. Examples of consumer mobile device  102  and agent mobile device  122  may include a mobile phone, a PDA, a tablet, a portable computer, or the like. MNOs  104  and  120  can each be an entity that enables the use of consumer mobile device  102  and agent mobile device  122  by providing communications services. In some embodiments, MNOs  104  and  120  can be mobile phone operators such as AT&amp;T, Verizon, etc. In some embodiments, MNO1  104  may be same as MNO2  120 . In other embodiments, MNO1  104  may be different from MNO2  120 . 
     USSD gateway  106  may be a central point at which several different protocols or communications signals are controlled and routed based upon several different parameters. USSD gateway  106  may route USSD messages from the signaling (MNO) network to service applications and back. An USSD is a session-based protocol; therefore, a session needs to be allocated to each and every interaction. USSD is a protocol used by GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) cellular telephones to communicate with the service provider&#39;s computers. In some embodiments, USSD can be modified for use with mobile devices using the CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) technology. USSD messages are typically up to 182 alphanumeric characters in length. Unlike Short Message Service (SMS) messages, USSD messages create a real-time connection during a USSD session. The connection remains open, allowing a two-way exchange of a sequence of data using menu based interface. This makes the USSD more responsive and user friendly than services that use only SMS messages. A typical USSD session begins by dialing an asterisk (*) followed by digits that comprise commands or data. Groups of digits may be separated by additional asterisks. The message is terminated with the number sign (#). 
     The user account processor  108  and the agent account processor  116  may communicate via a payment processing network  112 . In some embodiments, there may be an optional International Organization of Standardization, ISO 8583 converter  110 , which processes ISO 8583 messages, which are a standard form of financial system transaction message typically used in payment processing networks  112 , such as VisaNet. Although an ISO 8583 converter  110  is shown, any suitable data converter that converts data from a data in a non-financial transaction message format (e.g., an e-mail format) into a financial transaction message format (e.g., an ISO 8583 message) can be used. 
     User account processor server computer  108  can be configured to process transactions for users&#39; accounts. User account processor server computer  108  can include information about multiple users and their respective mobile communications devices. In some embodiments, user account processor server computer  108  may include a non-transitory computer readable medium that includes instructions for operating a processor to cause the processor to generate transaction request message based on data elements received from user mobile communications device  102 . The agent account processor server computer  116  may then generate a transaction response message in response to the transaction request message. In another embodiment, the agent account processor server computer  116  may generate a transaction request message based on data elements received from agent mobile communications device  122 , and the user account processor server computer  108  may generate a transaction response message. 
     As part of the registration process to use mobile banking system  100 , a user (alternatively referred to as a consumer in some instances) may be asked to register his mobile device and associated information with consumer account processor server computer  108 . The user may be issued a unique identifier (user ID). The user ID can be 6-10 characters in length and may include alphanumeric and/or special characters. In some embodiments, user account processor server computer  108  may also receive an agent ID and the agent&#39;s mobile communications device identifier in a SMS message or other mobile message from the user mobile communications device  102  and generate a transaction request message based on the agent ID and the agent&#39;s mobile number. In some embodiments, user account processor server computer  108  may communicate with the mobile interface  108 ( a ) and SMSC  108 ( b ) to send a communication, e.g., an SMS message, to user mobile device  102  via MNO1  104 . In some embodiments, user account processor server computer  108  and payment processing network server computer  112  can be a single entity, or may be separate. 
     In some embodiments, the user account processor server computer  108  may be enabled to generate a one-time PAN (primary account number) based on data elements received from the user mobile communications device  102 . User account processor server computer  108  may use these inputs and apply an algorithm to generate a one-time PAN. The one-time PAN can be dynamically generated for one time use only. 
     Payment processing network server computer  112 , e.g., VisaNet, may be configured to process payment transactions for the benefit of either the consumer or the agent. The payment processing network server computer  112  may be enabled to process original credit and debit transactions. In some embodiments, user account processor server computer  108  and/or agent account processor server computer  116  may be part of payment processing network server computer  112 . 
     Agent account processor server computer  116  may be similar in many aspects to user account processor server computer  108  with certain differences, since it is associated with the agent. Agent account processor server computer  116  may include a non-transitory computer readable medium that includes instructions for generating transaction request messages and transaction response messages. It may also include instructions, executable by a processor, for performing any of the previously described functions, as well as other functions. In some embodiments, agent account processor server computer  116  can be part of payment processing network server computer  112 . 
     The account processor server computer  108  (user) or  116  (agent) is typically utilized or owned by an issuer  140  or an acquirer  114 , which is any financial institution or payment services provider that can legally offer financial services such as transactional/checking/savings/loan account, bill pay, money transfer, debit and credit card services, etc. Alternatively, either the issuer  140  or acquirer  114  may be optional. 
     Although system  100  is illustrated as including certain components, one skilled in the art will realize that other components in addition to or in lieu of the illustrated components may be used depending on the application and desired results. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates, in greater detail, a network system  200  coupling, for example, an agent mobile communications device  122  with an agent account processor server computer  116  through the MNO2  120  and USSD/GPRS Gateway  107  of  FIG. 1 . A Mobile Station (MS)  120 ( a ) may include an agent mobile communications device  122 , or any equipment or software needed to communicate with a mobile communications network operated by a Mobile Network Operator (MNO2  120 ). The Mobile Network operator (MNO2  120 ) may include a Base Station Subsystem (BSS)  120 ( b ). The BSS is a section of a traditional mobile telephone network which is responsible for handling traffic and signaling between a mobile communications device and the network switching subsystem. The BSS  120 ( b ) may carry out transcoding of speech channels, allocation of radio channels to mobile communication devices, paging, transmission and reception over the air interface, and many other tasks related to radio networks and other communications networks. The BSS  120 ( b ) may comprise Base Transceiver Stations  220 ( a ) and  220 ( b ), or BTS, which contains the equipment for transmitting and receiving radio signals (transceivers), antennas, and equipment for encrypting and decrypting communications with the base station controller (BSC). For example, the BTS  220 ( a ) and  220 ( b ) may be towers scattered through a region to provide mobile communications service coverage over the region over several different frequencies. 
     BTS  220 ( a ) and  220 ( b ) are controlled by a parent Base Station Controller (BSC)  222 . The base station controller (BSC) provides the intelligence behind the BTSs. Typically, a BSC has tens or even hundreds of BTSs under its control. The BSC handles allocation of radio channels, receives measurements from the mobile communication devices, and controls handovers from BTS  220 ( a ) to BTS  220 ( b ) (except in the case of an inter-BSC handover in which case control is in part the responsibility of the anchor Mobile Switching Center  230 ). A function of the BSC is to act as a concentrator where many different low capacity connections to BTSs (with relatively low utilization) become reduced to a smaller number of connections towards the Mobile Switching Center (MSC)  230  (with a high level of utilization). Overall, this means that networks are often structured to have many BSCs  222  distributed into regions near their BTSs  220 ( a ) and  220 ( b ) which are then connected to large centralized MSC sites  230  in the Network Sub-System (NSS)  107 ( a ) in the USSD/GPRS Gateway  107 . 
     For GPRS (general radio packet service), the BSC  222  may be coupled to a Packet Control Unit (PCU)  224 . The PCU  224  performs some of the processing tasks of the BSC  222 , but for radio packet data. The allocation of channels between voice and data is controlled by the BSS  120 ( b ), but once a channel is allocated to the PCU, the PCU takes full control over that channel. The PCU can be built into the BSS, built into the BSC, or even, in some proposed architectures, it can be at the SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) site  226 . In most cases, the PCU  224  is a separate node communicating extensively with the BSC  222  on the radio side and the SGSN  226  on the GPRS core network  106 ( b ) side in the USSD/GPRS Gateway  106 . 
     The Network SubSystem (NSS)  107 ( a ) processes USSD protocol in standard GSM operation. The Mobile Switching Center  230  may also include a Visitor Locator Register (VLR), which locates another subscriber&#39;s mobile communication device connecting through a Mobile Network Operator&#39;s BTS (e.g., tower). For example, the VLR would locate the location of a Verizon user if the Verizon user was connecting to an AT&amp;T tower. An extension of the Mobile Switching Center  230  may also include a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)  230 ( a ), which is a network of the world&#39;s public circuit-switched telephone networks. It consists of telephone lines, fiber optic cables, microwave transmission links, cellular networks, communications satellites, and undersea telephone cables, all inter-connected by switching centers, thus allowing any telephone in the world to communicate with any other. Originally a network of fixed-line analog telephone systems, the PSTN  230 ( a ) is now almost entirely digital in its core and includes mobile as well as fixed telephones. 
     The MSCNLR  230  may be in communication with a SS7 Network/MAP  232 . Signaling System No. 7 (SS7) is a set of telephony signaling protocols which are used to set up most of the world&#39;s public switched telephone network telephone calls. The main purpose is to set up and tear down telephone calls. Other uses include number translation, local number portability, prepaid billing mechanisms, short message service (SMS), and a variety of other mass market messaging and communications services. The SS7 Network may also include a Mobile Application Part (MAP), which is an SS7 protocol which provides an application layer for the various nodes in GSM and UMTS mobile core networks and GPRS core networks to communicate with each other in order to provide services to mobile phone users. 
     The Mobile Application Part (MAP)  232  is the application-layer protocol used to access the Home Location Register (HLR)  234 , Visitor Location Register (VLR) and Mobile Switching Center (MSC)  230 , Equipment Identity Register (EIR)  234 , Authentication Centre (AUC)  234 , Short message service center and Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)  226 . The Home Location Register (HLR)  234 , in conjunction with the EIR and AUC (also in  234 ), would locate and identify a user mobile communication device, for example, detecting and identifying an AT&amp;T user connecting to an AT&amp;T BTS (e.g., tower). 
     To perform the tasks and communicate with the entities described above, the SS7 Network/MAP  232 , or the USSD Gateway Network Sub-System (NSS)  107 ( a ), may include a SS7 stack  232 ( a ), a MAP module  232 ( b ), a Session Manager  232 ( c ), a Locator Module  232 ( d ), a Logger Module  232 ( e ), and a Database Server  232 ( f ). Certain data elements transmitted in mobile messages (e.g., SMS, USSD) may be stored in the Logger Module  232 ( e ) and the Database Server  232 ( f ). Thus, anyone within the MNO2  120  with access to the USSD Gateway  107 , specifically the NSS  107 ( a ), may have access to messages, and in turn, stored data elements transmitted in the messages and logged in the gateway. However, there are controls to reduce the potential of data elements from SMS messages being comprised. Examples of such security controls include, but are not limited to, access to an associated SIM (Subscriber Identity Module), limits on transaction size or frequency, etc. 
     The USSD/GPRS Gateway  107  may also include a GPRS core network  106 ( b ). The GPRS core network  107 ( b ) is a central part of the General Packet Radio Service which allows 2G, 3G, and WCDMA (wideband CDMA) mobile networks to transmit IP packets to external networks such as the Internet. The GPRS core network  107 ( b ) can be an integrated part of the GSM network switching subsystem, and includes a network of GPRS support nodes (GSN). A GSN is a network node which supports the use of GPRS in the GSM core network. There can be two GSNs, namely Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)  236  and Serving GPRS Support Node  226 , which are communicatively connected by a GPRS backbone IP Network  228 . 
     The Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)  236  can be a main component GPRS code network  107 ( b ). The GGSN  236  is responsible for the interworking and routing between the GPRS IP network  228  and external packet switched networks, like the Internet  260  and other communications networks. From an external network&#39;s point of view, the GGSN  236  is a router to a sub-network GPRS backbone IP Network  228 . When the GGSN  236  receives data addressed to a specific user, it checks if the user is active. If it is, the GGSN  236  forwards the data to the Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)  226  serving the mobile user through the GPRS backbone IP Network  228 , but if the mobile user is inactive, the data is discarded. On the other hand, mobile-originated packets from the SGSN  226 , through the GPRS backbone IP Network  228 , are routed by the GGSN  236  to the right external network, such as the Internet  260 . The GGSN  236  is the anchor point that enables the mobility of the user terminal in the GPRS IP networks  228  to connect to an external network, such as the Internet  260 . 
     Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)  226  can be responsible for the delivery of data packets from and to the mobile stations  120 ( a ) within a geographical service area. Its tasks include packet routing and transfer, mobility management (attach/detach and location management), logical link management, and authentication and charging functions. The location register of the SGSN  226  stores location information (e.g., current VLR), and user profiles (e.g., IMSI, address(es) used in the packet data network) of all GPRS users registered with the SGSN  226 . 
     The USSD/GPRS Gateway  106  may be in communication with an Application Server  250 . The Application Server may be operated on the Agent Account Processor Server Computer  116 , or may be included in the USSD/GPRS Gateway  107 . The Application Server may include a Billing Server  250 ( a ). Some MNO&#39;s do not have their USSD Gateway connected to the Billing Server  250 ( a ), however with the rise in conducting transactions using mobile communication devices, USSD Gateways may now be connected to the billing sever  250 ( a ) operated on the application server  250 . 
     The Agent Account Processor Server computer  116  may include an agent account mobile interface  116 ( a ) and an access point  116 ( c ). The agent account processor server computer  116  may also include an application server  250 . Agent account processor server computer  116  may include a non-transitory computer readable medium that includes instructions for generating transaction request messages and transaction response messages. In some embodiments, agent account processor server computer  116  can be part of payment processing network server computer  112 . The Agent Account Processor Server computer  116  may also include an Access Point (AP)  116 ( c ), which provides access to a payment processing network. 
     Exemplary Methods 
     A number of exemplary methods can now be described. It is to be noted that the message flows illustrated below are for particular embodiments, and that these transaction flows are for illustrative purposes only and in no way should be construed to limit the invention to the disclosed transaction flows. One skilled in the art will realize that system  100  can be used to perform several additional operations not specifically disclosed herein. Also, alternative embodiments of the present invention may perform the steps outlined above in a different order and may omit steps or add more steps without departing from embodiments of the invention. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, modifications, and alternatives. 
     Deposit Transaction 
     According to an embodiment of the invention, instead of traveling to a bank branch in a remote region to deposit funds into a user account, a user may wish to use his user mobile communication device to deposit funds into his user account by conducting the transaction with a local agent, such as a business within his town.  FIG. 3  illustrates a system overview in conjunction with  FIG. 4  illustrating an exemplary message flow between the various entities of system  300  according to an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment illustrated in  FIGS. 3 and 4  illustrates the operation of a user depositing money into his account using the mobile banking system  100  illustrated in  FIG. 1  (corresponding to system  300  of  FIG. 3 ). 
     When a user desires to deposit money (e.g., $10) into his account, using a user mobile communications device  102 , the user (an example of a second entity) approaches an agent (an example of a first entity) with an agent mobile communications device  122 . In step S 402  of  FIG. 4 , the agent initiates a transaction via MNO2  120  by sending a communication (e.g., SMS) including (1) an amount to be deposited, (2) the user&#39;s ID, and (3) the user&#39;s mobile communications device identifier (e.g., MSISDN). In step S 404 , the agent instructions travel via the MNO2  120  network and USSD/GPRS Gateway  107  to the agent account processor server computer  116  (an example of a first server computer), and is processed by an application server ( 250  in  FIG. 2 ) operating on the agent account processor server computer  116 . The communication is received by the agent account processor server computer  116  can be a secure https message (e.g., via the Internet). 
     In step S 406 , the agent account processor server computer  116  then generates a transaction request message and transmits it to payment processing network  112 , which will eventually forward it to the user account processor server computer  108 . The transaction request message comprises a transaction type indicator indicating that the transaction is a deposit transaction, an amount associated with the transfer of funds (e.g., $10), and a mobile communications device identifier (e.g., a mobile phone number) associated with the mobile device  102  used by the user. The transaction request message may comprise a PAN (primary account number) comprising at least one (and preferably all) of an identifier for the recipient of the authorization request message (which may be a six digit number that is similar to a BIN or bank identification number), the transaction type indicator, and the mobile communications device identifier of the second identity (or a second entity identifier), as well as an optional check digit. The transaction request message may be properly formatted and transmitted as a secure financial system transaction message. In embodiments of the invention, the transaction may be forwarded as SMS OC (single message service open connectivity) or Base 1 OC (Base 1 open connectivity) depending on the access point (AP, referring to  116 ( c ) in  FIG. 2 ) connectivity in the agent account processor server computer  116 . It may also be formatted as an ISO 8583 type financial transaction message. 
     Once the transaction request message is received at the payment processing network  112 , a central server computer in the payment processing network  112  may then route the transaction request message to the appropriate downstream server computer. Thus, the method may further comprise receiving, from the agent account processor server computer  116  at a central server computer (not shown) in the payment processing network  112 , the transaction request to transfer funds from the first entity (e.g., the agent) to a second entity (e.g., the user). The transaction request comprises a transaction type indicator, an amount associated with the transfer of funds, and a mobile communications device identifier used by the second entity. The central server computer then parses the transaction request message, determines a second server computer (e.g., the user account processor computer  108 ) associated with the second entity (e.g., the user), and transmits the transaction request message to the second server computer. 
     In step S 408 , once the central server computer in the payment processing network  112  determines that the user account processing server computer  108  is the intended recipient, the payment processing network  112  forwards the transaction request message to the user account processor server computer  108 . 
     In step S 410 , the user account is credited, and a transaction response message, which confirms or denies the transaction, is generated by the user account processor server computer  108 , and is then transmitted to the payment processing network  112 . The central server computer in the payment processing network may then receive the transaction response message from the second server computer (e.g., the user account processor server computer), parse the transaction response message, and determine the first server computer (e.g., the agent account processor server computer). The central server computer then transmits the transaction response message to the first server computer. 
     In step S 412 , the transaction response message confirming/denying the transaction travels back to the agent account processor server computer  116 , and debits the agent&#39;s account for the confirmed amount. The transaction response message may comprise various pieces of information such as at least one of the approved transaction amount, an indication that the transaction was approved or not approved, an indication that the transaction was partially approved, an identifier of the agent (or his mobile device), an identifier for the user (or his mobile device), etc. 
     Then in step S 414 , the agent account processor server computer  116  initiates a SMS message, through agent account SMS center  116 ( b ), forwarding the confirmation/denial of the transaction to the agent mobile communication device  122 . Also, in step S 416 , the user account processor server computer initiates a SMS message, through user account SMS center  108 ( b ), forwarding the confirmation/denial of the transaction to the user mobile communications device  102 . 
     To complete the transaction, in step S 418 , the user hands cash equivalent to the amount credited to the user account and debited by the agent account to the agent. 
     In step S 420 , an interchange, and clearing and settlement can be performed by the payment processing network  112 . This can be done at the end of the day or at any other suitable time period in order to transfer the appropriate funds from the agent&#39;s account to the user&#39;s account. 
     Withdrawal 
     In another exemplary embodiment, the user may wish to withdraw money from an agent, such as a local business, instead of traveling to a remote bank branch to withdraw money.  FIG. 5  illustrates a system overview in conjunction with  FIG. 6  illustrating an exemplary message flow between the various entities of system  500  according to another embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment illustrated in  FIGS. 5 and 6  illustrates the operation of a user withdrawing money from his account using the mobile banking system  100  illustrated in  FIG. 1  (corresponding to system  500  of  FIG. 5 ). 
     When a user (an example of a first entity in this embodiment) desires to withdraw money from his account, using a user mobile communications device  102 , the user approaches an agent (an example of a second entity in this embodiment) with an agent mobile communications device  122 , and in step S 602  of  FIG. 6 , the user initiates a transaction via MNO1  104  by sending a communication (e.g., SMS), using the user mobile communications device  102 , including (1) an amount to be withdrawn, (2) the agent&#39;s ID, and (3) the agent&#39;s mobile communications device identifier (e.g., MSISDN). 
     In step S 604 , the user instructions travel via the MNO1  104  network and USSD/GPRS Gateway  106  to the user Account Processor server computer  108 , and may be processed by a mobile interface  108 ( a ) operating on the user Account processor server computer  108 . The communication is received by the user account processor server computer  108  as a secure https message (e.g., via the Internet). 
     In step S 606 , the user Account Processor server computer  108  (e.g., which may be an example of a first server computer in this embodiment) then generates and transmits a transaction request message to a payment processing network  112 , and debits the user account. The transaction request message comprises a transaction type indicator indicating that the transaction is a withdrawal transaction, an amount associated with the withdrawal funds (e.g., $100), and a mobile communications device identifier (e.g., a mobile phone number) associated with the mobile device  122  used by the user. The transaction request message may be properly formatted and transmitted as a secure financial system transaction message. The transaction request message may comprise a PAN (primary account number) comprising at least one (and preferably all) of an identifier for the recipient of the authorization request message (which may be a six digit number that is similar to a BIN or bank identification number), the transaction type indicator, and the mobile communications device identifier of the second identity (or a second entity identifier), as well as an optional check digit. In embodiments of the invention, the transaction may be forwarded as SMS OC (single message service open connectivity) or Base 1 OC (Base 1 open connectivity). It may also be formatted as an ISO 8583 type financial transaction message. 
     Once the transaction request message is received at the payment processing network  112 , a central server computer in the payment processing network  112  may then route the transaction request message to the appropriate downstream server computer. Thus, the method may further comprise receiving, from the user account processor server computer  108  at a central server computer (not shown) in the payment processing network  112 , the transaction request to transfer funds from the first entity (e.g., the user) to a second entity (e.g., the agent). The transaction request comprises a transaction type indicator, an amount associated with the transfer of funds, and a mobile communications device identifier used by the second entity. The central server computer then parses the transaction request message, determines a second server computer (e.g., the agent account processor computer  108 ) associated with the second entity (e.g., the agent), and transmits the transaction request message to the second server computer. 
     In step S 608 , the payment processing network  112  then forwards the transaction request message to the agent account processor server computer  116 . The transaction request message may be transmitted via a secure financial system transaction message. 
     In step S 610 , the agent account is credited, and a transaction response message, which confirms or denies the transaction, is initiated to the payment processing network  112 . The central server computer in the payment processing network may then receive the transaction response message from the second server computer (e.g., the agent account processor server computer), parse the transaction response message, and determine the first server computer (e.g., the user account processor server computer). 
     The central server computer then transmits the transaction response message to the first server computer. For example, as shown in step S 612 , the payment processing network  112  forwards the transaction response message confirming/denying the transaction back to the user account processor server computer  108 . The transaction response message may comprise various pieces of information such as at least one of the approved transaction amount, an indication that the transaction was approved or not approved, an indication that the transaction was partially approved, an identifier of the entities involved (or their mobile devices). 
     Then in step S 614 , the user account processor server computer  108  initiates a SMS message, through user SMS center  108 ( b ), forwarding the confirmation/denial of the transaction to the user mobile communication device  102 . Also, in step S 616 , the agent account processor server computer  116  initiates a SMS message, through agent SMS center  116 ( b ), forwarding the confirmation/denial of the transaction to the agent mobile communications device  122 . 
     To complete the transaction, in step S 618 , the agent hands cash equivalent to the amount withdrawn from the user account and credited to the agent account to the user. 
     In step S 620 , an interchange, and clearing and settlement can be performed by the payment processing network  112 . This can be done at the end of the day or at any other suitable time period in order to transfer the appropriate funds from the user&#39;s account to the agent&#39;s account. 
     Money Transfer to a Recipient User 
     In another exemplary embodiment, the user may wish to transfer money to a recipient user in another location, instead of traveling to the recipient user&#39;s location, or having the money insecurely delivered to the recipient.  FIG. 7  illustrates a system overview in conjunction with  FIG. 8  illustrating an exemplary message flow between the various entities of system  700  according to another embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment illustrated in  FIGS. 7 and 8  illustrates the operation of a user transferring money to a recipient user using the mobile banking system  100  illustrated in  FIG. 1  (corresponding to system  700  of  FIG. 7 ). 
     When a user desires to transfer money from his account, using a user mobile communications device  102 , to a recipient user with a recipient mobile communications device  122 ( a ), in step S 802  of  FIG. 8 , the user initiates a transaction via MNO1  104  by sending a communication (e.g., SMS) via the user mobile communications device  102  including (1) an amount to be transferred, (2) the recipient&#39;s ID, and (3) the recipient&#39;s mobile communications device identifier (e.g., MSISDN) associated with recipient mobile communications device  122 ( a ). 
     In step S 804 , the user instructions travel via the MNO1  104  network and USSD/GPRS Gateway  106  to the user account processor server computer  108 , and may be processed by a mobile interface  108 ( a ) operating on the user account processor server computer  108 . The communication is received by the user account processor server computer  108  as a secure https message (e.g., via the Internet). 
     In step S 806 , the user Account Processor server computer  108  then generates and transmits a transaction request message to a payment processing network  112 , and debits the user&#39;s account. The transaction request message comprises a transaction type indicator indicating that the transaction is a money transfer transaction, an amount associated with the transfer of funds (e.g., $50), and a mobile communications device identifier (e.g., a mobile phone number) associated with the mobile device  102  used by the recipient user. The transaction request message may be properly formatted and transmitted as a secure financial system transaction message. The transaction request message may comprise a PAN (primary account number) comprising at least one (and preferably all) of an identifier for the recipient of the authorization request message (which may be a six digit number that is similar to a BIN or bank identification number), the transaction type indicator, and the mobile communications device identifier of the second identity (or a second entity identifier), as well as an optional check digit. In embodiments of the invention, the transaction may be forwarded as SMS OC (single message service open connectivity) or Base 1 OC (Base 1 open connectivity. It may also be formatted as an ISO 8583 type financial transaction message. 
     Once the transaction request message is received at the payment processing network  112 , a central server computer in the payment processing network  112  may then route the transaction request message to the appropriate downstream server computer. Thus, the method may further comprise receiving, from the user account processor server computer  108  at a central server computer (not shown) in the payment processing network  112 , the transaction request to transfer funds from the first entity (e.g., the user) to a second entity (e.g., the recipient user). The transaction request comprises a transaction type indicator, an amount associated with the transfer of funds, and a mobile communications device identifier used by the second entity. The central server computer then parses the transaction request message, determines a second server computer (e.g., the recipient user account processor computer  108 ) associated with the second entity (e.g., the recipient), and transmits the transaction request message to the second server computer. 
     In step S 808 , the payment processing network  112  forwards the transaction request message to the recipient account processor server computer  124 . The transaction request message may be transmitted via a secure financial system transaction message. 
     In step S 810 , the recipient account is credited, and a transaction response message, which confirms or denies the transaction, is generated and transmitted by the recipient account processor server computer to the payment processing network  112 . The transaction response message may comprise various pieces of information such as at least one of the approved transaction amount, an indication that the transaction was approved or not approved, an indication that the transaction was partially approved, and identifiers for the entities (or their mobile devices) involved in the transaction. 
     The central server computer in the payment processing network may then receive the transaction response message from the second server computer (e.g., the user account processor server computer), parse the transaction response message, and determine the first server computer (e.g., the agent account processor server computer). The central server computer then transmits the transaction response message to the first server computer. For example, in step S 812 , the payment processing network  112  forwards the transaction response message confirming/denying the transaction back to the user account processor server computer  108 . 
     Then in step S 814 , the user account processor server computer  108  initiates a SMS message, through the SMSC  108 ( b ), forwarding the confirmation/denial of the transaction to the user mobile communication device  102 . Also, in step S 816 , the recipient account processor server computer  124  initiates a SMS message, through the SMSC  124 ( b ), forwarding the confirmation/denial of the transaction to the recipient mobile communications device  122 ( a ). 
     To complete the transaction, in step S 818 , an interchange, and clearing and settlement can be performed by the payment processing network  112 . This can be done at the end of the day or at any other suitable time period in order to transfer the appropriate funds from the user&#39;s account to the recipient user&#39;s account. 
     Remote Payment Transaction 
     In another exemplary embodiment, the user may wish to pay a merchant remotely, instead of traveling to the merchant&#39;s location. In this embodiment, the merchant may or may not have a mobile device identifier, and the method may or may not include the use of the merchant&#39;s mobile device identifier.  FIG. 9  illustrates a system overview in conjunction with  FIG. 10  illustrating an exemplary message flow between the various entities of system  900  according to another embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment illustrated in  FIGS. 9 and 10  illustrates the operation of a user transferring money to a merchant using the mobile banking system  100  illustrated in  FIG. 1  (corresponding to system  900  of  FIG. 9 ). 
     A user may desire to remotely conduct a payment transaction to a merchant  128 , using a user mobile communications device  102 , in step S 1002  of  FIG. 10 , after goods or services have been delivered by the merchant (alternatively referred to as a biller), or after a bill has been issued to the user. In some embodiments, a remote payment may first be completed before goods or services are delivered to the user (e.g., for prepaid electricity, prepaid airtime, prepaid digital TV services). 
     In step S 1004 , the user initiates a transaction via MNO1  104  by sending a communication (e.g., SMS) including (1) a bill amount, and (2) the merchant&#39;s ID. 
     In step S 1006 , the user instructions travel via the MNO1  104  network and USSD/GPRS Gateway  106  to the user account processor server computer  108 , and may be processed by a mobile interface  108 ( a ) operating on the user account processor server computer  108 . The communication is received by the user account processor server computer  108  as a secure https message (e.g., via the Internet). 
     In step S 1008 , the user account processor server computer  108  then generates and transmits a transaction request message to a payment processing network  112 , and debits the user account. The transaction request message comprises a transaction type indicator indicating that the transaction is a remote payment transaction for the purchases of goods and services from a merchant, an amount associated with the transfer of funds (e.g., $25), and the merchant ID. The transaction request message may be properly formatted and transmitted as a secure financial system transaction message. The transaction request message may comprise a PAN (primary account number) comprising at least one (and preferably all) of an identifier for the recipient of the authorization request message (which may be a six digit number that is similar to a BIN or bank identification number), Bill number and/or customer number with the biller, the transaction type indicator, and the mobile communications device identifier of the second identity (or a second entity identifier), as well as an optional check digit. In embodiments of the invention, the transaction may be forwarded as SMS OC (single message service open connectivity) or Base 1 OC (Base 1 open connectivity). It may also be formatted as an ISO 8583 type financial transaction message. 
     Once the transaction request message is received at the payment processing network  112 , a central server computer in the payment processing network  112  may then route the transaction request message to the appropriate downstream server computer. Thus, the method may further comprise receiving, from the user account processor server computer  108  at a central server computer (not shown) in the payment processing network  112 , the transaction request to transfer funds from the first entity (e.g., the user) to a second entity (e.g., the merchant). The transaction request message comprises a transaction type indicator, an amount associated with the transfer of funds, and an identifier used by the second entity. The central server computer then parses the transaction request message, determines a second server computer (e.g., the merchant account processor computer  108 ) associated with the second entity (e.g., the merchant), and transmits the transaction request message to the second server computer. 
     In step S 1010 , the payment processing network  112  forwards the transaction request message to a merchant account processor server computer  126 . The transaction request message may be transmitted via a secure financial system transaction message. 
     In step S 1012 , the merchant account is credited, and a transaction response message, which confirms or denies the transaction, is initiated to the payment processing network  112 . The transaction response message may comprise various pieces of information such as at least one of the approved transaction amount, an indication that the transaction was approved or not approved, an indication that the transaction was partially approved, prepaid token numbers (in case services availed are of prepaid type) and identifiers for the entities (or their mobile devices) involved in the transaction. 
     The central server computer in the payment processing network may then receive the transaction response message from the second server computer (e.g., the merchant account processor server computer), parse the transaction response message, and determine the first server computer (e.g., the user account processor server computer). The central server computer then transmits the transaction response message to the first server computer. For example, in step S 1014 , the payment processing network  112  forwards the transaction response message confirming/denying the transaction back to the user account processor server computer  108 . 
     Then in step S 1016 , the user account processor server computer  108  initiates a SMS message, through the user SMSC  108 ( b ), forwarding the confirmation/denial of the transaction to the user mobile communication device  102 . 
     To complete the transaction, in step S 1018 , an interchange, and clearing and settlement can be performed by the payment processing network  112 . This can be done at the end of the day or at any other suitable time period in order to transfer the appropriate funds from the user&#39;s account to the merchant&#39;s account. 
     Face to Face (F2F) Merchant Transaction 
     In another exemplary embodiment, the user may wish to pay for a transaction face-to-face at a merchant using a user mobile communications device, instead of using cash.  FIG. 11  illustrates a system overview in conjunction with  FIG. 12  illustrating an exemplary message flow between the various entities of system  1100  according to another embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment illustrated in  FIGS. 11 and 12  illustrates the operation of a user transferring money to a recipient user using the mobile banking system  100  illustrated in  FIG. 1  (corresponding to system  1100  of  FIG. 11 ). 
     When a user desires to use his mobile communications device  102  to pay for a transaction face-to-face at a merchant with a merchant mobile communications device  122 ( c ), in step S 1202  of  FIG. 12 , the user initiates a transaction via MNO1  104  by sending a communication (e.g., SMS), using the user mobile communications device  102 , including (1) an amount for the payment, (2) the merchant&#39;s ID, and (3) the merchant&#39;s mobile communications device identifier (e.g., MSISDN). In step S 1204 , the user instructions travel via the MNO1  104  network and USSD/GPRS Gateway  106  to the user Account Processor server computer  108 , and may be processed by a mobile interface  108 ( a ) operating on the user account processor server computer  108 . The communication is received by the user account processor server computer  108  as a secure https message (e.g., via the Internet). 
     In step S 1206 , the user account processor server computer  108  then generates and transmits a transaction request message to a payment processing network  112 , and debits the user&#39;s account. The transaction request message comprises a transaction type indicator indicating that the transaction is a face-to-face payment transaction for the purchases of goods and services from a merchant, an amount associated with the transfer of funds (e.g., $250), and the merchant mobile device identifier. The transaction request message may be properly formatted and transmitted as a secure financial system transaction message. The transaction request message may comprise a PAN (primary account number) comprising at least one (and preferably all) of an identifier for the recipient of the authorization request message (which may be a six digit number that is similar to a BIN or bank identification number), the transaction type indicator, and the mobile communications device identifier of the second identity (or a second entity identifier), as well as an optional check digit. In embodiments of the invention, the transaction may be forwarded as SMS OC (single message service open connectivity) or Base 1 OC (Base 1 open connectivity). It may also be formatted as an ISO 8583 type financial transaction message. 
     Once the transaction request message is received at the payment processing network  112 , a central server computer in the payment processing network  112  may then route the transaction request message to the appropriate downstream server computer. Thus, the method may further comprise receiving, from the user account processor server computer  108  at a central server computer (not shown) in the payment processing network  112 , the transaction request to transfer funds from the first entity (e.g., the user) to a second entity (e.g., the merchant). The transaction request message comprises a transaction type indicator, an amount associated with the transfer of funds, and an identifier used by the second entity. The central server computer then parses the transaction request message, determines a second server computer (e.g., the merchant account processor computer  126 ) associated with the second entity (e.g., the merchant), and transmits the transaction request message to the second server computer. 
     In step S 1208 , the payment processing network  112  forwards the transaction request message to the merchant account processor server computer  126 . The transaction request message may be transmitted via a secure financial system transaction message. 
     In step S 1210 , the merchant account is credited, and a transaction response message, which confirms or denies the transaction, is generated by the merchant account processor server computer  126  and is transmitted to the payment processing network  112 . The transaction response message may comprise various pieces of information such as at least one of the approved transaction amount, an indication that the transaction was approved or not approved, an indication that the transaction was partially approved, and identifiers for the entities (or their mobile devices) involved in the transaction. 
     The central server computer in the payment processing network may then receive the transaction response message from the second server computer (e.g., the merchant account processor server computer), parse the transaction response message, and determine the first server computer (e.g., the user account processor server computer). The central server computer then transmits the transaction response message to the first server computer. For example, in step S 1212 , the payment processing network  112  forwards the transaction response message confirming/denying the transaction back to the user account processor server computer  108 . 
     Then in step S 1214 , the merchant account processor server computer  126  initiates a SMS message, through a merchant SMS center  126 ( b ), forwarding the confirmation/denial of the transaction to the merchant mobile communication device  128 . Also, in step S 1216 , the user account processor server computer  108  initiates a SMS message, through a user SMS center  108 ( b ), forwarding the confirmation/denial of the transaction to the user mobile communications device  102 . 
     In step S 1218 , goods or services may be delivered by the merchant. To complete the transaction, in step S 818 S 1220 , an interchange, and clearing and settlement can be performed by the payment processing network  112 . This can be done at the end of the day or at any other suitable time period in order to transfer the appropriate funds from the user&#39;s account to the merchant&#39;s account. 
     Withdrawal at ATM Transaction 
     In another exemplary embodiment, a user may wish to withdraw money using a user mobile communications device from an agent, however, the agent (e.g., local business) may be closed, unavailable, or lack sufficient cash. Thus, the user may need to withdraw money from an ATM using the user mobile communications device. Or, alternatively, an unregistered used may wish to withdraw cash from an agent.  FIGS. 13 and 14  illustrate a system overview in conjunction with  FIGS. 15 and 16  illustrating an exemplary message flow between the various entities of system  1300  according to another embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment illustrated in  FIGS. 15 and 16  illustrates the operation of a user withdrawing cash from an ATM or agent using the mobile banking system  100  illustrated in  FIG. 1  (corresponding to system  1300  of  FIGS. 13 and 14 ). 
     To withdraw cash using a user mobile communications device  102 , in step S 1502 , the user may initiate a transaction using a user mobile communications device  102  via a USSD/GPRS Gateway  106 . In step S 1504 , the user instructions travel via the MNO1  104  network to a user mobile interface  108 ( a ), which may be operated on a user account processor server computer  108 . 
     In step S 1506 , the user account processor server computer  116  may derive a one-time, temporary PAN. In embodiments of the invention, the one-time temporary PAN may be 16-digits long. A temporary PIN associated with the one-time temporary PAN is also generated by the user account processor server computer  108 . The temporary PAN or PIN can be dynamic in nature, and may be vary for each transaction that is conducted. For instance, in some cases, temporary PANs and PINs may vary based upon counter values (or other dynamic variables such as time of day). Those of ordinary skill in the art can select from different algorithms to create dynamic PANs and PINs. 
     The user account is debited in step S 1508  by the user Account Processor server computer  108 , and it subsequently credits the amount to the derived one-time temporary PAN. 
     In step S 1510 , the user account processor server computer  108  initiates a SMS message confirmation/denying successfully generation of the one-time temporary PAN, and transmits the one-time PAN in the SMS message to the user. The associated PIN may be transmitted to the user in a separate SMS message. 
     Referring to  FIG. 14 , in step S 1512 , the consumer may approach an ATM  128  (or an agent with an agent mobile communications device  122 ), and input the one-time temporary PAN. When the transaction is initiated by the ATM  128  or agent mobile communications device  122 , the user may enter the associated one-time PIN in step S 1514 . 
     In step S 1516 , the ATM  128  or agent account processor server computer  116  generates and transmits a transaction request message (e.g., an SMS or single message service authorization message) to the payment processing network  112 . The transaction request message may include the inputted one-time-PAN, along with the PIN, and other information (e.g., the amount of the transaction). 
     Once the transaction request message is received at the payment processing network  112 , a central server computer in the payment processing network  112  may then route the transaction request message to the appropriate downstream server computer. Thus, the method may further comprise receiving, from the agent account processing server computer  116  at a central server computer (not shown) in the payment processing network  112 , the transaction request to transfer funds from the first entity (e.g., the entity associated with the ATM or agent) to a second entity (e.g., the user). The transaction request message comprises a transaction type indicator (e.g., an ATM withdrawal transaction), an amount associated with the transfer of funds, and an identifier used by the second entity (e.g., the second entity&#39;s phone number). The central server computer then parses the transaction request message, determines a second server computer (e.g., the user account processor computer  108 ) associated with the second entity (e.g., the user), and transmits the transaction request message to the second server computer. 
     In step S 1518 , the transaction request message is received at the user account processor server computer  108 . 
     Then, in step S 1520 , the user account processor server computer generates and transmits a transaction response message, confirming/denying the transaction. The transaction response message may comprise various pieces of information such as at least one of the approved transaction amount, an indication that the transaction was approved or not approved, an indication that the transaction was partially approved, and identifiers for the entities (or their mobile devices) involved in the transaction. 
     The central server computer in the payment processing network may then receive the transaction response message from the second server computer (e.g., the user account processor server computer), parse the transaction response message, and determine the first server computer (e.g., the agent account processor server computer). The central server computer then transmits the transaction response message to the first server computer. For example in step S 1522 , the payment processing network  112  routes the transaction response message to the ATM  128  or agent account processor server computer  116  to confirm/deny the transaction. 
     The ATM  128  or agent account processor server computer  116  may then initiate a confirmation/denial message to be displayed on the ATM  128  to the user, or respectively, to the agent mobile communications device  122 , through an agent SMS center  116 ( b ), in step S 1524 . Also, in step S 1526 , the user account processor server computer  108  initiates a SMS confirmation/denial message, through a user SMS center  108 ( b ), to the user mobile communications device  102 . 
     Then in step S 1528 , the ATM  128  or agent  122  dispenses cash to the user. 
     To complete the transaction, in step S 1530 , an interchange, and clearing and settlement can be performed by the payment processing network  112 . This can be done at the end of the day or at any other suitable time period in order to transfer the appropriate funds from the user&#39;s account to the merchant&#39;s account. 
     In another embodiment, a consumer may use a one-time use temporary PAN to conduct a transaction at an e-commerce website, or at an enabled POS terminal. The consumer may request a one-time use temporary PAN as described in  FIGS. 13 and 15 , and receive, at a consumer mobile communications device, a one-time use temporary PAN, expiry, and a CVV2 (card verification value). At the e-commerce website, or at a merchant outlet with an enabled POS machine, after selecting items the consumer wishes to purchase, the consumer may be prompted to input the one-time PAN, expiry, and CVV2 into a check out page on the e-commerce website (or on the POS machine) to complete the transaction. The e-commerce website or POS machine may be operated on an e-commerce or merchant server computer, which transmits the instructions, via secure https (e.g., Internet) to an e-commerce or POS acquirer processor server computer. The e-commerce or POS acquirer processor, which may perform similar functions to that of an agent account processor server computer (e.g.,  116  of  FIG. 13 ), then generates a transaction request message to a consumer account processor (e.g.,  108  of  FIG. 13 ) via a payment processing network (e.g.,  112  of  FIG. 13 ). The consumer account processor (e.g.,  108  of  FIG. 13 ) then authorizes the transaction, generates and transmits transaction response message to the e-commerce acquirer processor via the payment processing network (e.g.,  112  of  FIG. 13 ). The consumer account processor (e.g.,  108  of  FIG. 13 ) may also initiate a confirmation/denial message to the consumer mobile communications device (e.g.,  102  of  FIG. 13 ) via SMS or other mobile message. Upon receipt of the transaction response message, the e-commerce acquirer may credit the merchant account, and may transmit a confirmation/denial to the e-commerce website via secure https or the Internet, indicating that the transaction is complete. A settlement may occur at the end of the day to credit the e-commerce or POS acquirer account and debit the consumer account. 
     PAN Generation 
     Each of the above described embodiments describing a deposit transaction ( FIGS. 3 and 4 ), a withdrawal transaction ( FIGS. 5 and 6 ), a money transfer transaction ( FIGS. 7 and 8 ), a remote payment transaction ( FIGS. 9 and 10 ), and a F2F merchant transaction ( FIGS. 11 and 12 ), can include the use of a PAN that includes a number that can be used to route a transaction request message (e.g., a number that identifies the recipient of the message, which may be similar to a six digit BIN), as well as second entity ID or second mobile device identifier.  FIG. 17A-1  shows an exemplary PAN  1700  used upon opening an account according to an embodiment of the invention. The PAN is generated by the second entity at account opening and remains linked to that account. Thereafter the PAN may be generated by a first entity generating a transaction request message to a second entity for multiple transactions. To identify the recipient of the transaction request message, the PAN may include a user ID, such as a six-digit BIN  1710 , which may identify the user. In this example, the user may be a “second entity” as in the “cash in” example described with reference to  FIG. 3 , above. This number may identify an account of the user that is maintained by the user account processor server computer  108 . The user ID may comprise a series of numbers, letters, and/or combination of both, and may be provided by an issuer or acquirer (see  140  and  114 , respectively, in  FIGS. 1, 3, 5, 9, 11, 13, and 14 ). For example, user ID  1710  comprises 6 numerical digits corresponding to a BIN. 
     Another input to the PAN may be a user mobile communications device identifier, such as a MSISDN  1712 . An exemplary MSISDN may be 10 digits long. The PAN  1714  may include concatenating the user ID  1710  (e.g., BIN), a filler digit  1716  (e.g., may be zero), and be combined with a unique customer account number  1720  (e.g., all or part of the user MSISDN  1712 ), an account sequence character  1722 , and a check digit character  1724 . The account sequence character allows a user to have multiple accounts and transactions using the same MSISDN. The check digit character  1724  is used for error detection so ensure that the information that passes between two entities has not been changed. 
     In this example  1700  of  FIG. 17A-1 , a 19-digit PAN  1714  is created in opening an associated account. The six-digit BIN or user ID  1710  may occupy the first six positions of the 19-digit PAN. Position 7 may be occupied by a filler digit  1716 , and in some embodiments may be zero. Positions 8-17 of the 19-digit PAN  1714  may be occupied by a unique customer account number  1720 , which may also be the user mobile communications device identifier (e.g., MISIDN  1712 ). If the MSISDN is less than 10 digits, the MSISDN may be right-justified and zeros may be placed on the left to occupy 10 digits. Position 18 may be occupied by an account sequence number  1722 , and may valid values may range from 1-9. A check digit  1724  may occupy position 19, and the check digit  1724  may be calculated using a Luhn (mod 10) algorithm. 
     In the example  1700  of  FIG. 17A-1  showing a 19-digit PAN, an originating user account processor server computer may calculate a destination PAN by concatenating the recipient MSISDN and the recipient account ID, as shown in  FIG. 17A-2 .  FIG. 17A-2  shows data inputted by originating user. For example, a user account ID  1726  may be identified by concatenating the BIN  1710 , account sequence number  1722 , and check digit  1724 . Likewise, a recipient account processor server can determine the recipient user MSISDN  1712  and account sequence from the PAN  1714 . Account processors can determine for each transaction whether the data inputted is not erroneous, by checking the check digit inputted against the one calculated using the Luhn algorithm. 
     In other embodiments, a 16-digit PAN may be derived.  FIG. 17B  shows an exemplary 16-digit PAN. The 16-digit PAN  1754  may be derived based on a user ID  1750  (e.g., identifier for recipient), a user mobile communications device identifier  1752  (e.g., MSISDN), an account sequence number  1770 , and a check digit  1780 . In this example, the user ID  1750  may comprise a six-digit BIN  1756  and account sequence number  1770 . The unique customer account number  1760  may comprise all or some of the user MSISDN  1752 . In this example, the unique customer account number  1760  comprises the last 8 digits of the user MSISDN  1752 . It is noted in this example, the user ID  1750  and the user MSISDN  1752  overlap (“98”). In other embodiments, numbers in these two pieces of data need not overlap. The account sequence number  1770  allows a user to have multiple accounts and transactions using the same MSISDN. The check digit character  1780  is used for error detection so ensure that the information that passes between two entities has not been changed. 
     One-Time Use PAN Generation 
     In the embodiment of the invention described by  FIGS. 13-16 , a one-time use, temporary PAN may be generated by the user account processor server computer ( 108  in  FIGS. 1, 13, and 14 ). The one-time use PAN may be comprised by 16-digits, and may be in a virtual (e.g., cardless) form. In some embodiments, the one-time use PAN may be associated with the same BIN used in a 19-digit PAN described above. Thus, for example, a user may be a derived 19-digit PAN for general use and a one-time use PAN for a specific transaction to be conducted once. The one-time use PAN may be randomly generated or any other suitable algorithm. 
     The one-time use PAN may only be used once for the amount indicated at creation (e.g., step S 1506  of  FIG. 15 ) when the amount is debited from the user account (e.g., step  1508  of  FIG. 15 ). In some embodiments, the user may have a limited time in which the one-time use PAN may be used for a transaction. For example, the one-time use PAN may be valid for only 24 hours from the time the one-time use PAN is created. If the one-time PAN remains unused after the valid time has expired, the amount in the one-time PAN may be credited back to the user&#39;s account. 
     The one-time use PAN may be used at an ATM, at an agent, or in other embodiments, at an e-commerce website, or at any other enabled acceptance device like a POS machine. During an ATM transaction or unregistered withdrawal from an agent, a one-time use PIN may also be generated. For use at an e-commerce website or at an enabled acceptance device, the user may be requested to enter the one-time use PAN, and also a CVV2 value and expiry date. 
     Computer System Components 
       FIG. 18  is a high level block diagram of a computer apparatus. Any of the individual components in the Figures in this application may include one or more of the subsystems or components shown in  FIG. 18 . The subsystems shown in  FIG. 18  are interconnected via a system bus  545 . Additional subsystems such as printer  544 , keyboard  548 , fixed disk  549 , monitor  546 , which is coupled to display adapter  582 , and others are shown. Peripherals and input/output (I/O) devices, which couple to I/O controller  541 , can be connected to the computer system by any number of means known in the art, such as serial port  584 . For example, serial port  584  or external interface  581  can be used to connect the computer apparatus to a wide area network such as the Internet, a mouse input device, or a scanner. The interconnection via system bus  545  allows central processor  543  to communicate with each subsystem and to control the execution of instructions from system memory  542  or fixed disk  549 , as well as the exchange of information between subsystems. The system memory  542  and/or fixed disk  549  may embody a computer readable medium. 
     Menus 
     In embodiments of the invention, a user or agent may use an interface on their respective mobile communication device to conduct banking transactions described above.  FIG. 19  shows an exemplary interface for a user&#39;s mobile communications device mobile menu. For example, the user may operate a user mobile communications device  102  and dial *989# to access a main menu  1910 . The main menu  1910  may present options to conduct different types of transactions or perform other tasks. Main menu  1910  options may include, transferring funds, transferring a code (e.g., one-time-PAN), withdrawing cash from an agent, withdrawing cash from an ATM, buy more airtime, pay for shopping at a merchant, pay bills, or change account settings. 
     If the user selects to “Transfer funds”  1912  by pressing or selecting “1,” the user may be prompted to enter a recipient&#39;s ID and a recipient MSISDN. Then the user may be prompted to enter an amount to be transferred and a PIN to confirm the transfer. 
     If the user selects “Transfer code”  1914  by pressing or selecting “2,” the user may be prompted to enter an amount, and then a PIN to confirm the transaction 
     If the user selects “Cash from Agent”  1916  by pressing or selecting “3,” the user may be prompted to enter an agent&#39;s ID and an agent mobile communications device identifier (e.g., MSISDN). Then the user may be prompted to enter an amount to withdraw and a PIN to confirm the transaction. 
     If the user select “Cash from ATM”  1918  by pressing or selecting “4,” the user may be prompted to enter an amount to withdraw, and a PIN for confirmation. Then the user may wait to receive an SMS with a derived one-time PAN and associated derived PIN. 
     If the user selects “Buy Airtime”  1920  by pressing or selecting “5,” the user may be prompted to enter his user mobile communications device identifier, the amount of airtime to purchase (e.g., minutes), and a PIN to confirm the airtime purchase. 
     If the user selects “Pay for shopping”  1922  by pressing or selecting “6,” the user may be prompted to enter a merchant ID and a merchant MSISDN. Then the user may be prompted to enter an amount for payment and PIN to confirm the transaction. 
     If the user selects “Pay bill”  1924  by pressing or selecting “7,” the user may be prompted to enter a business identifier, a bill identifier, a bill amount, and a PIN to confirm the bill payment. 
     If the user select “My account”  1926  by pressing or select “8,” a submenu  1926 ( a ) may provide more options, including access to view an account “Balance”  1926 ( a )-1, request to “Call support”  1926 ( a )-2, request to “Change PIN”  1926 ( a )-3, and/or request to select a “Language”  1926 ( a )-4. To view an account balance  1926 ( a )-1, the user may be prompted to enter a PIN to access the balance. To call support  1926 ( a )-2, selecting “2” may immediately connect the user to support. To change PIN  1926 ( a )-3 by selecting “3,” the user may be prompted to enter the old PIN, then enter a new PIN twice for confirmation. To change the language  1926 ( a )-4 by selecting “4,” the user may be prompted to select a language, and then a PIN to confirm the selection. 
     In embodiments of the invention, an agent may use an interface on their respective mobile communication device to conduct banking transactions described above with the user and the user mobile communications device.  FIG. 20  shows an exemplary interface for an agent&#39;s mobile communications device mobile menu, which may be similar to a user&#39;s mobile communication device mobile menu. For example, the agent may operate an agent mobile communications device  122  and dial *989# to access a main menu  2010 . The main menu  2010  may present options to conduct different types of transactions or perform other tasks. Main menu  2010  options may include, transferring funds, transferring a code (e.g., one-time-PAN), withdrawing cash from an agent, withdrawing cash from an ATM, buy more airtime, pay for shopping at a merchant, pay bills, or change account settings. 
     If the user selects to “Take deposit”  2012  by pressing or selecting “1,” the user may be prompted to enter a depositor&#39;s ID and a depositor&#39;s MSISDN. Then the agent may be prompted to enter an amount to be deposited and a PIN to confirm the transfer. 
     If the agent selects “Transfer funds”  2014  by pressing or selecting “2,” the agent may be prompted to enter a recipient&#39;s ID and recipient&#39;s MSISDN, an amount to be transferred, and then a PIN to confirm the transaction 
     If the agent selects “Transfer code”  2016  by pressing or selecting “3,” the a may be prompted to enter an amount and a PIN to confirm the transaction. 
     If the agent selects “Cash from Agent”  2018  by pressing or selecting “4,” the agent may be prompted to enter an agent&#39;s ID, an amount to withdraw, and a PIN to confirm the transaction. 
     If the agent selects “Cash from ATM”  2020  by pressing or selecting “5,” the agent may be prompted to enter an amount to withdraw, and a PIN for confirmation. 
     If the agent selects “Buy Airtime”  2022  by pressing or selecting “6,” the user may be prompted to enter his agent mobile communications device identifier, the amount of airtime to purchase (e.g., minutes), and a PIN to confirm the airtime purchase. 
     If the agent selects “Pay for shopping”  2024  by pressing or selecting “7,” the agent may be prompted to enter a merchant ID and a merchant MSISDN. Then the agent may be prompted to enter an amount for payment and PIN to confirm the transaction. 
     If the agent selects “Pay bill”  2026  by pressing or selecting “8,” the agent may be prompted to enter a business identifier, a bill identifier, a bill amount, and a PIN to confirm the bill payment. 
     If the agent select “My account”  2028  by pressing or select “9,” a submenu  2028 ( a ) may provide more options, including access to view an account “Balance”  2028 ( a )-1, request to “Call support”  2028 ( a )-2, request to “Change PIN”  2028 ( a )-3, and/or request to select a “Language”  2028 ( a )-4. To view an account balance  2028 ( a )-1, the agent may be prompted to enter a PIN to access the balance. To call support  2028 ( a )-2, selecting “2” may immediately connect the agent to support. To change PIN  2028 ( a )-3 by selecting “3,” the agent may be prompted to enter the old PIN, then enter a new PIN twice for confirmation. To change the language  2028 ( a )-4 by selecting “4,” the agent may be prompted to select a language, and then a PIN to confirm the selection. 
     Additional Embodiments 
     In other embodiments, an electronic wallet may be used to conduct a transaction. An electronic wallet may be used in a variety of transactions, including but not limited to eCommerce, social networks, money transfer/personal payments, mobile commerce, proximity payments, gaming, and/or the like. For example, consumers may engage in eCommerce via the electronic wallet for retail purchases, digital goods purchases, and utility payments. Consumers may also, for example, use the electronic wallet to purchase games or gaming credits from gaming websites, and transfer funds to friends via social networks. Further, for example, consumers may also use the electronic wallet on a smart phone for retail purchases, buying digital goods, NFC/RF payments at point of sale (POS) terminals. 
     In an exemplary transaction involving an electronic wallet, a consumer may submit an indication to purchase or transfer funds. For example, the consumer may visit a merchant website (e.g., Facebook.com, Amazon.com, etc.), and request to purchase an item from the website, transfer funds to a friend, and/or the like. The merchant website may determine whether the electronic wallet is authorized on its website, and may provide a list of payment options. If the merchant is registered with a electronic wallet server, the electronic wallet server may authorize the merchant to collect consumer credentials for login to the electronic wallet, and the merchant website may prompt the consumer to login to the electronic wallet. Otherwise, the merchant website may request the consumer to provide payment details for alternative payment options (e.g., credit card, debit card, PayPal account). 
     The consumer may authorize submission of their wallet consumer credentials, such as, but not limited to a Wallet/Consumer ID, a password, and/or the like. For example, the consumer may enter the Wallet/Consumer ID and password into a pop-up window provided from the merchant website and/or electronic wallet server. In another example, the consumer may authorize the merchant website to provide the consumer credentials (e.g., previously stored in HTML5, cookies, etc.), to the electronic wallet server. In yet another example, the consumer may authorize the electronic wallet server, via a remote component running on the merchant website (e.g., a Java applet, etc.) to provide consumer credentials to the electronic wallet server for validation. 
     When the consumer submits consumer credentials to log into the electronic wallet, the merchant website may forward the consumer credentials and transaction details to the electronic wallet server, which may determine the validity of the consumer credentials. If the consumer&#39;s credentials are not valid, the electronic wallet server may deny the payment request and send a notification of denial to the merchant website. In other embodiments, if the consumer provided credentials are valid, the electronic wallet server may process payment from the electronic wallet. For example, the electronic wallet server communicates with the consumer&#39;s bank account associated with the electronic wallet and requests a fund transfer of an indicated amount. The electronic wallet server may then store a transaction record. 
     In some embodiments, after processing the payment, the electronic wallet server sends a payment confirmation notice to the merchant website, which in turn completes the order and stores the transaction record in the database. The merchant website may provide a confirmation page comprising transaction confirmation to the consumer. 
     ADVANTAGES AND BENEFITS 
     Many advantages are realized by the embodiments of the present invention. As explained above, remote or underdeveloped areas may not have suitable infrastructures to conduct payment transactions. By using embodiments of the invention, all that is required to conduct secure and fast payment transactions is a mobile phone or other mobile communication device. 
     In addition, in embodiments of the invention, the consumer does not have to remember his entire account number (PAN), which is usually 16+ characters, in order to conduct his banking transactions. Instead, the consumer is issued a unique consumer ID that is 6-8 characters in length and as such is easy to remember. In some embodiments, the consumer ID may be part of the account number itself of some variation of it. Also, the consumer personal account number (PAN) is never stored anywhere in the system. For each transaction, the system generates the consumer PAN using the consumer ID and an identifier associated with the consumer&#39;s mobile device, e.g., MSISDN number. This ensures that even if any of the components of the system are compromised, the consumer PAN is safe from being stolen. In addition, generating the consumer PAN ‘on-the-fly’ eliminates the need for maintaining large consumer databases that are often expensive and prone to attacks. Once a particular banking session is terminated, all data related to that transaction can be purged from the system. Moreover knowledge of how the PAN is constructed from MSISDN is not useful to any fraudster since that PAN cannot be used to access payments from the account. 
     Thus, the technical advantages provided by embodiments of the invention include the reduction in the need for storing large amounts of data, data security, and the ability to provide users in remote and underdeveloped regions to conduct payment transactions. 
     Any of the software components or functions described in this application, may be implemented as software code to be executed by a processor using any suitable computer language such as, for example, Java, C++ or Perl using, for example, conventional or object-oriented techniques. The software code may be stored as a series of instructions, or commands on a computer readable medium, such as a random access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), a magnetic medium such as a hard-drive or a floppy disk, or an optical medium such as a CD-ROM. Any such computer readable medium may reside on or within a single computational apparatus, and may be present on or within different computational apparatuses within a system or network. 
     The above description is illustrative and is not restrictive. Many variations of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the disclosure. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined not with reference to the above description, but instead should be determined with reference to the pending claims along with their full scope or equivalents. 
     One or more features from any embodiment may be combined with one or more features of any other embodiment without departing from the scope of the invention. 
     A recitation of “a”, “an” or “the” is intended to mean “one or more” unless specifically indicated to the contrary. 
     It should be understood that the present invention as described above can be implemented in the form of control logic using computer software in a modular or integrated manner. Based on the disclosure and teachings provided herein, a person of ordinary skill in the art will know and appreciate other ways and/or methods to implement the present invention using hardware and a combination of hardware and software.