Abstract:
Aspects of the invention can provide a manufacturing method and a manufacturing system of a liquid crystal display which forms a homogeneous alignment layer by changing, depending on the specific area on a substrate, the quantity of an alignment layer material to be applied. The substrate, such as a substrate on which segment electrodes are formed, is conveyed via a belt conveyor which is driven by a driving gear according to signals from a control device, and is cleaned on a cleaning device. Then on a discharge device, an alignment layer material, the quantity of which differs depending on the specific area, can be applied on the substrate which is conveyed via the belt conveyor. Then, the alignment layer material applied on the substrate can be preliminarily dehydrated on a dehydrating device, and the substrate is burned on a burning device to form an alignment layer. Then, a rubbing process can be carried out onto the alignment layer on a rubbing device.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
   Aspects of the invention relate to a manufacturing method and a manufacturing system of a liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal layer interposed between a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal display and an electronic apparatus. 
   Related art liquid crystal displays have a liquid crystal layer composed of liquid crystal composition and interposed between a pair of substrates on which electrodes are formed, and voltages are applied to the liquid crystal composition via the electrodes on each of the substrates to display images. Related art liquid crystal displays use an alignment layer for aligning liquid crystal molecules in a specific orientation in order to achieve uniform display when voltages are applied. As related art methods for forming an alignment layer on a substrate, there are a plurality of printing methods, such as Flexo printing and offset printing. In Flexo printing, for example, a liquid solution containing an alignment layer material is transferred on a substrate by printing. The applied solution is heated at a predetermined temperature to volatilize a solvent component and then baked at a predetermined temperature to form an alignment layer. 
   A method for forming an alignment layer of a liquid crystal display is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-105937 to improve efficiency in use of an alignment layer material and apply the alignment layer material uniformly. In this related art method for forming an alignment layer of a liquid crystal display, an alignment layer is applied uniformly on a substrate by repeating a process of spray-applying, via inkjet nozzles, an alignment layer forming solution onto a transparent substrate on which electrodes are formed. 
   SUMMARY 
   Generally, in printing methods, the viscosity of a liquid solution containing an alignment layer material is adjusted to about 40 to 60 mPa.s for convenience of printing. Therefore, there is a problem that the high viscosity of the liquid solution easily causes unevenness in printing when the liquid solution is transferred on a substrate, which accordingly results in display defect. Meanwhile, when inkjet nozzles are used, an alignment layer material with the same viscosity as that in printing methods cannot be discharged via inkjet nozzles. Therefore, the viscosity of a liquid solution (ink) containing an alignment layer material is adjusted to less than 10 mPa.s by increasing the quantity of the solvent component. 
   Consequently, it is necessary to apply a larger quantity of a liquid solution on a substrate in order to form an alignment layer with the same thickness as that by printing methods. Meanwhile, the occurrence of unevenness in printing can be prevented unlike the case of transferring the liquid solution on a substrate. However, in the case where an alignment layer material with a low viscosity is applied on a substrate, the alignment layer formed on the marginal part of the substrate becomes thicker than the alignment layer formed on the central part of the substrate as a result of volatilizing the solvent in the drying process, even if the alignment layer material is applied uniformly on the substrate. Specifically, the alignment layer formed on the marginal part becomes thicker than the alignment layer formed on the central part, because in the drying process, the alignment layer material on the marginal part of the substrate is dried ahead of that on the central part and thus lowering of the liquid level of the alignment layer material on the marginal part is caused, inducing the liquid solution on the central part to flow into the marginal part. Thus, there is a problem that applying an alignment layer material uniformly rather causes unevenness in the resulting alignment layer, which causes display defect. 
   An advantage of the invention is to provide a manufacturing method and a manufacturing system of a liquid crystal display for forming a uniform alignment layer on a substrate by changing, depending on specific areas on the substrate, the quantity of an alignment layer material to be applied, a liquid crystal display manufactured in accordance with the liquid crystal display manufacturing method, and an electronic apparatus having the liquid crystal display manufactured thereby. 
   A first aspect of the invention can provide a manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal layer interposed between a pair of substrates. The manufacturing method can include discharging a droplet containing an alignment layer material onto the substrate, and drying the alignment layer material applied in the discharging of a droplet to form an alignment layer. In the discharging of a droplet, different quantities of the alignment layer material are applied by using a droplet discharge device depending on a specific area on the substrate. 
   According to the liquid crystal display manufacturing method, different quantities of an alignment layer material can be applied by using a droplet discharge device depending on a specific area on a substrate. Specifically, different quantities of an alignment layer material are applied depending on the specific area by changing, depending on the specific area, the quantity of droplets containing the alignment layer material to be discharged. Therefore, by applying, on the part where the alignment layer becomes thicker when an alignment layer material is applied uniformly on the substrate, a smaller quantity of an alignment layer material than that on the rest, the thickness of an alignment layer that will be formed through the drying of the alignment layer material and the volatilization of the solvent can be equalized. Accordingly, display defect can appropriately and easily be suppressed. 
   Further, in the liquid crystal display manufacturing method according to the first aspect of the invention, the discharging of a droplet may include changing, depending on the specific area, the size of the droplet containing the alignment layer material to be discharged onto the substrate by the droplet discharge device to apply different quantities of the alignment layer material depending on the specific area. 
   Further, in the liquid crystal display manufacturing method according to the first aspect of the invention, the discharging of a droplet may include changing, depending on the specific area, the drop density of the droplet containing the alignment layer material to be discharged onto the substrate by the droplet discharge device to apply different quantities of the alignment layer material depending on the specific area. 
   According to the liquid crystal display manufacturing method, different quantities of an alignment layer material are applied depending on the specific area by changing, depending on the specific area, the size or the drop density of droplets containing the alignment layer material to be discharged by the droplet discharge device. Therefore, the needed quantity of an alignment layer material can be precisely applied on the specific area, which leads to the formation of a uniform alignment layer and accordingly to the suppression of display defect. 
   Further, in the liquid crystal display manufacturing method according to the first aspect of the invention, the discharging of a droplet may include dividing a specific area, on a substrate, to which the droplet containing the alignment layer material is discharged into a marginal area and a central area surrounded by the marginal area to apply a smaller quantity of the alignment layer material on the marginal area than the quantity of the alignment layer material applied on the central area. 
   According to the liquid crystal display manufacturing method, the specific area on a substrate can be divided into a marginal area and a central area, and a smaller quantity of an alignment layer material is applied on the marginal area than the quantity of the alignment layer material applied on the central area. Specifically, by applying on the marginal area, where it is experientially known that the alignment layer becomes thicker than that on the central area when an alignment layer material is applied uniformly on the substrate, a smaller quantity of an alignment layer material than that on the central part, a uniform alignment layer can be formed and display defect can accordingly be suppressed. 
   Further, a second aspect of the invention can provide a manufacturing system of a liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal layer interposed between a pair of substrates. The manufacturing system can include a droplet discharge device for discharging a droplet containing an alignment layer material to be applied on a substrate, and a drying device for drying the alignment layer material applied by the droplet discharge device on the substrate to form an alignment layer. The droplet discharge device can apply different quantities of the alignment layer material depending on the specific area on the substrate. 
   According to the liquid crystal display manufacturing system, different quantities of an alignment layer material are applied depending on the specific area on a substrate. Specifically, different quantities of an alignment layer material are applied depending on the specific area by changing, depending on the specific area, the quantity of droplets containing the alignment layer material to be discharged. Therefore, by applying on the part where the alignment layer becomes thicker than that on the rest when an alignment layer material is uniformly applied on a substrate, a smaller quantity of an alignment layer material than that on the rest, the thickness of the alignment layer that will be formed through the drying of the alignment layer material and the volatilization of the solvent can be equalized and display defect can accordingly be suppressed, appropriately and easily. 
   Further, in the liquid crystal display manufacturing system according to the second aspect of the invention, the droplet discharge device may change, depending on the specific area, the size of the droplet containing the alignment layer material to be discharged onto the substrate to apply different quantities of the alignment layer material depending on the specific area. 
   Further, in the liquid crystal display manufacturing system according to the second aspect of the invention, the droplet discharge device may change, depending on the specific area, the drop density of the droplet containing the alignment layer material to be discharged onto the substrate to apply different quantities of the alignment layer material depending on the specific area. 
   According to the exemplary liquid crystal display manufacturing system, different quantities of an alignment layer material can be applied depending on the specific area by changing, depending on the specific area, the size or the drop density of droplets containing the alignment layer material to be discharged by the droplet discharge device. Specifically, the needed quantity of an alignment layer material can be precisely applied on the specific area only by changing the size or the drop density of droplets to be discharged by the droplet discharge device. Therefore, a uniform alignment layer can easily be formed and display defect can accordingly be suppressed without taking troubles, such as installing new systems and revamping the current manufacturing line. 
   Further, in the liquid crystal display manufacturing system according to the second aspect of the invention, the specific area, on a substrate, to which the droplet containing the alignment layer material is discharged may be divided into a marginal area and a central area surrounded by the marginal area. In addition, the droplet discharge device may apply a smaller quantity of the alignment layer material on the marginal area than the quantity of the alignment layer material applied on the central area. 
   According to the liquid crystal display manufacturing system, because the specific area on a substrate is divided into a marginal area and a central area and then a smaller quantity of an alignment layer material is applied on the marginal area than that on the central area, an alignment layer having uniform thickness after being dried can easily be formed, and thus display defect can be appropriately suppressed. 
   Further, a liquid crystal display according to a third aspect of the invention can be manufactured in accordance with the liquid crystal display manufacturing method according to the first aspect of the invention. According to the liquid crystal display, display defect is appropriately suppressed because it is manufactured in accordance with the liquid crystal display manufacturing method according to the first aspect of the invention. 
   Further, an electronic apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the invention can include the liquid crystal display in accordance with the third aspect of the invention. According to the electronic apparatus, the yield rate of electronic apparatuses can be improved and the manufacturing cost of electronic apparatuses can be reduced because the electronic apparatus includes a liquid crystal display in which display defect is appropriately suppressed. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     This invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like numerals reference like elements, and wherein: 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram showing an example of a liquid crystal display manufacturing line according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention; 
       FIG. 2  is a schematic diagram of an inkjet discharge device according to the exemplary embodiment; 
       FIG. 3  is a schematic sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment; 
       FIG. 4  is a flowchart of a liquid crystal display manufacturing method according to the exemplary embodiment; 
       FIG. 5  is a diagram showing an example of areas for applying an alignment layer material according to the exemplary embodiment; 
       FIGS. 6A and 6B  are diagrams explaining the size of droplets of an alignment layer material according to the exemplary embodiment; 
       FIG. 7  is a diagram explaining the drop pitch of an alignment layer material according to the exemplary embodiment; and 
       FIGS. 8A to 8C  are perspective views showing examples of an electronic apparatus including a liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
   A liquid crystal display manufacturing system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 
     FIG. 1  is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a liquid crystal display manufacturing system (a liquid crystal display manufacturing line) according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. As shown in  FIG. 1 , a liquid crystal display manufacturing line  2  can include a cleaning device  4 , a discharge device (a droplet discharge device)  6 , a drying device  8 , a baking device  10 , and a rubbing device  12 , each device being used in the corresponding process, and a belt conveyor BC for connecting these devices, a drive unit  16  for driving the belt conveyor BC, and a control device  14  for controlling the entire liquid crystal display manufacturing line  2 . The cleaning device  4 , the discharge device  6 , the drying device  8 , the baking device  10 , and the rubbing device  12  are allocated in a line at specific intervals along the belt conveyor BC. 
   The control device  14  can be coupled to the cleaning device  4 , the discharge device  6 , the drying device  8 , the baking device  10 , the rubbing device  12 , and the drive unit  16 . The drive unit  16  drives the belt conveyor BC according to control signals from the control device  14  to convey a substrate of a liquid crystal display (hereinafter simply referred to as a substrate) to the cleaning device  4 , the discharge device  6 , the drying device  8 , the baking device  10 , and the rubbing device  12 . A substrate is cleaned at the cleaning device  4 , and then an alignment layer material is applied on the substrate, specifically, droplets containing an alignment layer material are discharged onto the substrate at the discharge device  6 , and thereafter the alignment layer material is dried preliminarily at the drying device  8 . Further, the dried alignment layer material is baked at the baking device  10 , and then the alignment layer is rubbed at the rubbing device  12 . The preliminary drying carried out at the drying device  8  and the baking process carried out at the baking device  10  correspond to a drying process collectively. 
     FIG. 2  is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the inkjet discharge device  6  that is used as a droplet discharge device according to the exemplary embodiment of the invention. The discharge device  6  can include an inkjet head  22  for discharging liquid matter on a substrate. The inkjet head  22  includes a main body  24  and a nozzle surface  26  on which a plurality of nozzles for discharging liquid matter is formed. From the nozzles on the nozzle surface  26 , liquid matter, specifically ink containing an alignment layer material to form an alignment layer on a substrate (droplets containing an alignment layer material, hereinafter simply referred to as an alignment layer material) is discharged. The discharge device  6  includes a table  28  on which to place a substrate. The table  28  is set up so as to move in specific directions, such as axially along the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis. In addition, the table  28  moves axially along the X-axis as shown with an arrow in the drawing, and thereby a substrate that is conveyed via the belt conveyor BC is placed onto the table  28  and then is brought into the discharge device  6 . 
   Further, a tank  30  containing an alignment layer material, which is liquid matter to be discharged from the nozzles on the nozzle surface  26 , is connected to the inkjet head  22 . Specifically, the tank  30  and the inkjet head  22  are connected via an liquid matter conveying tube  32  that conveys liquid matter. The liquid matter conveying tube  32  can include, on the flow channel of the liquid matter, an earth joint  32   a  for preventing electrification in the flow channel of the liquid matter conveying tube  32 , and an air bubble elimination valve  32   b  for eliminating air bubbles from the head. The air bubble elimination valve  32   b  is used for sucking liquid matter in the inkjet head  22  with a suction cap  40  to be described in greater detail below. Specifically, when liquid matter in the inkjet head  22  is sucked with the suction cap  40 , the air bubble elimination valve  32   b  is closed in order to prevent the liquid matter from flowing into the head from the tank  30 . Suction with the suction cap  40  enhances the flowing rate of the liquid matter to be sucked, and thus air bubbles in the inkjet head  22  are drained quickly. 
   Further, the discharge device  6  can include a liquid level sensor  36  for controlling the quantity of liquid matter contained in the tank  30 , specifically the height of the liquid level  34   a  of the alignment layer material contained in the tank  30 . The liquid level sensor  36  is intended to keep the height difference “h” (called as a water head value hereafter) between a forefront  26   a  of the nozzle surface  26  of the inkjet head  22  and the liquid level  34   a  in the tank  30  within a predetermined range. Controlling the height of the liquid level  34   a  allows liquid matter  34  in the tank  30  to be sent to the inkjet head  22  with pressure within a predetermined range. Sending the liquid matter  34  with pressure within a predetermined range allows the liquid matter  34  to be stably discharged from the inkjet head  22 . 
   Further, the suction cap  40  for sucking the liquid matter in the nozzles of the inkjet head  22  is placed oppositely, at a certain distance, to the nozzle surface  26  of the inkjet head  22 . The suction cap  40  moves axially along the Z-axis, as shown with an arrow in  FIG. 2 , so as to be brought into close contact with the nozzle surface  26  in a manner of surrounding the plural nozzles on the nozzle surface  26 , thereby forming a hermetically sealed space with the nozzle surface  26  to shield the nozzles from the air. Further, suction of the liquid matter in the nozzles of the inkjet head  22  with the suction cap  40  is carried out when the inkjet head  22  is not discharging the liquid matter  34 , such as when the inkjet head  22  is retreated to a certain position and the table  28  is retreated to the position shown in  FIG. 2  with the dashed line. 
   Further, there is a flow channel beneath the suction cap  40 . A suction valve  42 , a suction pressure sensor  44  for detecting abnormal suction, and a suction pump  46  formed of a tube pump and the like are placed on the flow channel. The liquid matter  34  sucked by the suction pump  46  or the like and conveyed through the flow channel is contained in a waste liquid tank  48 . 
   The outline of liquid crystal displays will now be described.  FIG. 3  is a diagram schematically showing a section of a liquid crystal display. As shown in  FIG. 3 , a liquid crystal display  50  can include a substrate  52  and a substrate  54  that are made of glass, plastic or other material and face each other with the intermediary of seal materials and spacers (not shown). A liquid crystal  56  composed of super twisted nematic (STN) liquid crystal or the like is interposed between the substrates  52  and  54 . 
   Between the substrate  52  and the liquid crystal  56 , a plurality of segment electrodes  58  and an alignment layer  60  are formed over the substrate  52  in that order from the substrate  52 . The segment electrodes  58  are formed in a stripe, as shown in  FIG. 3 , and are formed of a transparent conductive film, such as a indium tin oxide (hereinafter, referred to as “ITO”) film or the like. The alignment layer  60  is formed of polyimide resin or the like. 
   Further, between the substrate  54  and the liquid crystal  56 , a color filter  62 , an overcoat film  66 , a common electrode  68 , and an alignment layer  70  are formed over the substrate  54  in that order from the substrate  54 . The color filter  62  is formed of colored layers  62   r  (red),  62   g  (green), and  62   b  (blue), and black matrices  64  are formed between each of the colored layers  62   r,    62   g,  and  62   b  constituting the color filter  62 , wherein the black matrices  64  are formed of resin black or metal, such as chromium (Cr), whose reflectance of light is low. In addition, the colored layers  62   r,    62   g,  and  62   b  constituting the color filter  62  are positioned oppositely to the segment electrodes  58  formed on the substrate  52 . 
   Further, the overcoat film  66 , which is formed of an inorganic film, such as an acrylic resin, polyimide resin, or silicon oxide film, is intended to flatten out steps among the colored layers  62   r,    62   g,  and  62   b  and to protect the surfaces of the colored layers. The common electrode  68  can be formed of a transparent conductive film, such as an ITO film, and is formed in a stripe along the direction orthogonal to the segment electrodes  58  formed on the substrate  52 . The alignment layer  70  is formed of polyimide resin or the like. The formation of the alignment layer on the substrate  52  on which the segment electrodes  58  are formed, or that on the substrate  54  on which the color filter  62 , black matrices  64 , the overcoat film  66  and the common electrode  68  are formed will be described in detail below. 
   A liquid crystal display manufacturing method with the liquid crystal display manufacturing line according to the exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the flowchart in  FIG. 4 . 
   First, a substrate on which to form an alignment layer is cleaned (Step S 10 ). For example, the substrate  52  on which the segment electrodes  58  are formed is conveyed to the cleaning device  4  via the belt conveyor BC. Then, the substrate  52  conveyed via the belt conveyor BC is brought into the cleaning device  4  to be cleaned using an alkali detergent, purified water and the like. Then, the substrate  52  is dried at a predetermined temperature and for a predetermined period of time, such as at 80 to 90 degrees centigrade and for 5 to 10 minutes. The substrate  52  is conveyed to the discharge device  6  via the belt conveyor BC after being cleaned and dried. 
   Next, an alignment layer material is applied on the substrate that is cleaned in the Step S 10  (Step S 11 ). Specifically, the substrate that is conveyed to the discharge device  6  via the belt conveyor BC, such as the substrate  52 , is first placed onto the table  28  and brought into the discharge device  6 . At the discharge device  6 , the alignment layer material contained in the tank  30  is discharged from the nozzles on the nozzle surface  26  to apply the alignment layer material on the substrate  52 . Hereinafter, the process for applying an alignment layer material on a substrate will be described with reference to the drawings. 
     FIG. 5  is a diagram for explaining an area, on a substrate, to which an alignment layer material is to be applied (hereinafter, simply referred to as material applying area) according to the exemplary embodiment of the invention. The material applying area is, as shown in  FIG. 5 , divided into a central part (a central area)  72  and a marginal part (a marginal area)  74 . Here, in  FIG. 5 , the marginal part corresponds to a peripheral area with the width of 2 mm of the material applying area, and the central part  72  corresponds to the area surrounded by the marginal part. Specifically, it is experientially known that the alignment layer formed on the marginal part  74  becomes thicker than the alignment layer formed on the central part  72 , when an alignment layer material is uniformly applied on the entire material applying area, including the central part  72  and the marginal part  74 . Meanwhile, even if an alignment layer is formed through the same processes and on the same conditions, the area where the alignment layer becomes thicker than that on the central part and the thickness difference between the alignment layer formed on the central part and the alignment layer formed on the marginal part differ depending on the type of alignment layers, solvent component, and the percentage of the solvent component. Therefore, the area that is experimentally known to have the alignment layer of a larger thickness thereon than that on the central part, as described above, corresponds to the marginal part. 
   Accordingly, at the discharge device  6 , the quantities of an alignment layer material to be applied on the central part  72  and on the marginal part  74  are adjusted by changing the quantities of the alignment layer material to be discharged onto the central part  72  and onto the marginal part  74  via the nozzle surface  26 . For example, the ink containing the alignment layer material is discharged onto the central part  72  with the droplet quantity of 13.0 ng/dot and with the drop pitch of 66×100 μm, as shown in  FIG. 6A . Meanwhile, the alignment layer material is discharged onto the marginal part  74 , for example, with the droplet quantity of 12.0 ng/dot and with the drop pitch of 66×100 μm, as shown in  FIG. 6B . Here, at the discharge device  6 , different quantities of the alignment layer material are discharged onto the central part  72  and onto the marginal part  74 , by differentiating, for the nozzles formed on the nozzle surface  26 , the driving waveform for discharging the alignment layer material onto the central part  72  from that for discharging the material onto the marginal part  74  in order to change the size of droplets to be discharged. 
   Further, it is also acceptable to discharge ink containing the alignment layer material onto the central part  72 , for example, with the droplet quantity of 13.0 ng/dot and with the drop pitch of 66×100 μm, as shown in  FIG. 6A , while discharging the ink onto the marginal part  74 , with the droplet quantity of 13.0 ng/dot and with the drop pitch of 72×100 μm, as shown in  FIG. 7 . Specifically, different quantities of the alignment layer material may be discharged onto the central part  72  and onto the marginal part  74  by changing the drop pitch instead of changing the size of droplets to be discharged. Note that if it is difficult to change drop pitch because the discharge device has only one inkjet head, drop pitch may be changed using a discharge device having a plurality of inkjet heads. 
   The substrate in which different quantities of an alignment layer material are applied on the central part  72  and on the marginal part  74 , for example the substrate  52 , is left and kept horizontally at the discharge device  6 , for example, for a minute to be leveled, and then is moved onto the belt conveyor BC from the table  28 , and then is conveyed to the drying device  8  via the belt conveyor BC. 
   Next, the alignment layer material applied on the substrate is preliminarily dried (Step S 12 ). Specifically, the substrate conveyed to the drying device  8  via the belt conveyor BC, for example the substrate  52 , is brought into the drying device  8  and is preliminarily dried at a temperature, for example, in the range of 60 to 100 degrees centigrade. Further, the substrate  52  on which the applied alignment layer material has been preliminarily dried is moved onto the belt conveyor BC, and then is conveyed to the baking device  10  via the belt conveyor BC. 
   Next, the preliminarily dried alignment layer material can be baked (Step S 13 ). Specifically, the substrate conveyed to the baking device  10  via the belt conveyor BC, for example the substrate  52 , is brought into the baking device  10 , and then is baked at a temperature, for example, in the range of 180 to 250 degrees centigrade. Further, the substrate  52  on which the alignment layer (for example, the alignment layer  60  in  FIG. 3 ) is formed through the baking is moved onto the belt conveyor BC, and then is conveyed to the rubbing device  12  via the belt conveyor BC. 
   Next, the alignment layer  60  formed on the substrate is rubbed (Step S 14 ). Specifically, the substrate conveyed to the rubbing device  12  via the belt conveyor BC, for example the substrate  52 , is brought into the rubbing device  12 , and the alignment layer  60  formed on the substrate  52  is rubbed, for example, using a cloth as a rubbing process. Then, after the rubbing process is carried out for the alignment layer  60 , the substrate  52  is moved onto the belt conveyor BC, and then it is accommodated into a substrate accommodation cassette or the like (not shown) via the belt conveyor BC. Further, the substrate  52  accommodated in the substrate accommodation cassette or the like (not shown) is attached, at an assembly device (not shown), to the substrate  54  on which the color filter  62 , the black matrices  64 , the overcoat membrane  66 , and the common electrode  68  have been formed. Then, liquid crystal is injected between the substrate  52  and the substrate  54  to produce the liquid crystal display  50  shown in  FIG. 3 . 
   Next, electronic apparatuses having a liquid crystal display that is manufactured in accordance with the liquid crystal display manufacturing method according to the exemplary embodiment of the invention will hereinafter be described.  FIGS. 8A to 8C  are perspective views showing examples of electronic apparatuses having a liquid crystal display that is manufactured in accordance with the liquid crystal display manufacturing method according to the exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
     FIG. 8A  is a diagram showing an example of cellular phones having a liquid crystal display. As shown in  FIG. 8A , a cellular phone  100  has, as a display screen, a liquid crystal display  101  that is manufactured in accordance with the liquid crystal display manufacturing method according to the exemplary embodiment of the invention. Further,  FIG. 8B  is a diagram showing an example of portable information processing terminal devices (such as portable word processors or portable personal computers) that have a liquid crystal display. As shown in  FIG. 8B , an information processing device  110  includes a main information processing unit  111 , an input unit  112  having a keyboard and the like, and a liquid crystal display  113  manufactured in accordance with the liquid crystal display manufacturing method according to the exemplary embodiment of the invention. Further,  FIG. 8C  is a diagram showing an example of watches that have a liquid crystal display. As shown in  FIG. 8C , a watch  120  has, as a display screen, a liquid crystal display  121  manufactured in accordance with the liquid crystal display manufacturing method according to the exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
   According to the liquid crystal display manufacturing system of the exemplary embodiment of the invention, the material applying area is divided into a central part and a marginal part, and quantities of an alignment layer material to be applied are changed depending on the central part and on the marginal part. Specifically, by applying a smaller quantity of an alignment layer material on the marginal part than the quantity on the central part, the thickness of the alignment layers formed through the drying process of the applied alignment layer material can be equalized on the central part and on the marginal part. Therefore, a uniform alignment layer can be formed on the substrate and display defect can accordingly be reduced or suppressed. 
   Further, according to the liquid crystal display manufacturing method of the exemplary embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the alignment layers formed through the drying process of the applied alignment layer material can be equalized by dividing the material applying area into a central part and a marginal part and then applying a smaller quantity of an alignment layer material on the marginal part than the quantity on the central part. Therefore, even in the case of using a discharge device, a uniform alignment layer can be formed on the substrate and display defect can accordingly be reduced or suppressed. 
   Further, in the liquid crystal display manufacturing system of the above-described exemplary embodiment, an alignment layer material can be applied appropriately and easily on a predetermined area, with a predetermined quantity, and in a short period of time, because a discharge device is used for applying the alignment layer material on a substrate. In addition, an alignment layer material can be used appropriately and without waste even in the case of using a substrate of great dimensions because the alignment layer material can be applied with a predetermined quantity and on a predetermined area. 
   Further, according to the liquid crystal display of the above-described exemplary embodiment, display defect can be appropriately prevented because the film thickness of the formed alignment layer is uniform due to the liquid crystal display manufacturing method according to the exemplary embodiment. 
   Further, according to the electronic apparatuses of the above-described exemplary embodiment, the yield rate of electronic apparatuses can be improved due to the installed liquid crystal display that is manufactured according to the liquid crystal display manufacturing method of the above-described exemplary embodiment. In addition, the use of a discharge device leads to the reduction of the quantity of an alignment layer material to be used, which can accordingly lower the manufacturing cost of electronic apparatuses and in turn the price of electronic apparatuses. 
   Although, in the liquid crystal display manufacturing system of the above-described exemplary embodiment, the marginal part is defined as the periphery area with the width of 2 mm of the material applying area, any area, such as the periphery area with the width of 1 mm, or the periphery area with the width of 5 mm, may be the marginal part Specifically, any marginal part can be defined according to the type of alignment layer materials, solvent component, the percentage of the solvent component and so forth, the remaining part being defined as a central part. Alternatively, the material applying area can be divided also into three parts, such as into a marginal part, an intermediate part, and a central part. 
   Moreover, although, in the liquid crystal display manufacturing system of the above-described exemplary embodiment, the alignment layer material is discharged with the droplet size of 13.0 ng/dot and 12.0 ng/dot, any size of droplets can be set according, for example, to the type of alignment layer materials and the like. Further, any drop pitch of an alignment layer material can also be defined according, for example, to the type of alignment layer materials and the like.