Abstract:
Disclosed herein, among other things, are methods and apparatus for wireless electronics using a MEMS device for a hearing assistance device. The present application relates to a hearing assistance device configured to be worn by a wearer, including: a housing for electronics of the hearing assistance device, including wireless electronics, the wireless electronics including one or more MEMS devices; and a hearing assistance processor adapted to process signals for the wearer of the hearing assistance device. In various embodiments, the one or more MEMS devices include a plurality of MEMS resonators In various embodiments, the hearing assistance device includes one or more microphones and the hearing assistance processor is adapted to perform hearing aid signal processing of signals received from the one or more microphones. In various embodiments, the processed signals produce a signal to be played by the receiver. Different configurations and approaches are provided.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present subject matter relates generally to hearing assistance devices, including, but not limited to hearing aids, and in particular to radios with a MEMS device for hearing assistance devices. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    Modern hearing assistance devices typically include digital electronics to enhance the wearer&#39;s experience. In the specific case of hearing aids, current designs employ digital signal processors rich in features. Their functionality is further benefited from communications, either from a remote source or from ear-to-ear for advanced processing. Thus, it is desirable to add wireless functionality to a hearing instrument to allow for functions such as ear-to-ear communications, wireless programming, wireless configuration, data logging, remote control, streaming audio, and bi-directional audio. 
         [0003]    Frequencies available for use, such as the ISM frequencies at 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz, offer a large amount of bandwidth and allow sufficient RF power to cover many of the functions shown above. However these ISM frequencies are crowded with relatively high power interferers of various types. The radio in a hearing aid typically is a low power device that can run off of a very small low power battery. The challenge is to build a sensitive receiver with good linearity with minimal voltage and current. The radio and its support components typically are small and occupy as little volume as possible. Typically a radio transceiver in the 900 MHz band will require a frequency stable reference oscillator usually involving a quartz crystal as its resonating element. These devices are relatively large and need mechanical stability and special packaging. 
         [0004]    What is needed in the art is a compact system for reliable, low power communications in a hearing assistance device. The system should be useable in environments with radio frequency interference. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0005]    Disclosed herein, among other things, are methods and apparatus for hearing assistance devices, including, but not limited to hearing aids, and in particular to radios using a MEMS device for hearing assistance devices. 
         [0006]    The present subject matter relates to a hearing assistance device configured to be worn by a wearer, including: a housing for electronics of the hearing assistance device, including wireless electronics, the wireless electronics including one or more MEMS devices; and a hearing assistance processor adapted to process signals for the wearer of the hearing assistance device. In various embodiments, the one or more MEMS devices include a plurality of MEMS resonators configured to provide a receiver front end filter bank. In various embodiments, the plurality of MEMS resonators are configured as preselection filters for radio frequencies. In various embodiments, the one or more MEMS devices include a plurality of MEMS resonators configured to provide a tuned element for a local oscillator. In various embodiments, the local oscillator is adapted for use in reception of radio frequency signals. In various embodiments, the one or more MEMS devices includes a MEMS resonator configured as a reference oscillator. In some embodiments, the reference oscillator is adapted for frequency synthesis, including radio frequency synthesis. In various embodiments, the hearing assistance device includes one or more microphones and the hearing assistance processor is adapted to perform hearing aid signal processing of signals received from the one or more microphones. In various embodiments, the processed signals produce a signal to be played by the receiver. Different configurations and approaches are provided. 
         [0007]    This Summary is an overview of some of the teachings of the present application and not intended to be an exclusive or exhaustive treatment of the present subject matter. Further details about the present subject matter are found in the detailed description and appended claims. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0008]      FIG. 1  shows a hearing assistance device including wireless electronics using a MEMS device, according to one embodiment of the present subject matter. 
           [0009]      FIG. 2  shows a block diagram of a system including a receiver and an antenna, according to one embodiment of the present subject matter. 
           [0010]      FIG. 3  shows a block diagram of a system including a radio and an antenna, according to one embodiment of the present subject matter. 
           [0011]      FIG. 4  shows a block diagram of a system including a radio and an antenna, according to one embodiment of the present subject matter. 
           [0012]      FIG. 5  shows a plurality of different communications that can be supported, according to various embodiments of the present subject matter. 
           [0013]      FIG. 6  shows an example of a receiver using MEMS components, according to one embodiment of the present subject matter. 
           [0014]      FIG. 7  shows an example of a receiver using MEMS components, according to one embodiment of the present subject matter. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0015]    The following detailed description of the present subject matter refers to subject matter in the accompanying drawings which show, by way of illustration, specific aspects and embodiments in which the present subject matter may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the present subject matter. References to “an”, “one”, or “various” embodiments in this disclosure are not necessarily to the same embodiment, and such references contemplate more than one embodiment. The following detailed description is demonstrative and not to be taken in a limiting sense. The scope of the present subject matter is defined by the appended claims, along with the full scope of legal equivalents to which such claims are entitled. 
         [0016]    The present subject matter relates generally to hearing assistance devices, including, but not limited to hearing aids, and in particular to radios using a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) device for hearing assistance device applications. 
         [0017]      FIG. 1  shows a hearing assistance device including wireless electronics using a MEMS device, according to one embodiment of the present subject matter. Hearing assistance device  100  includes a processor  110  and wireless electronics  120  including a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) device. In various embodiments, the MEMS device includes a MEMS filter. In various embodiments, the MEMS device includes a MEMS resonator. Other MEMS devices for the wireless electronics  120  may be used without departing from the scope of the present subject matter. In various embodiments, the processor  110  and wireless electronics  120  are integrated into a single integrated circuit. 
         [0018]    The electronics are powered at least in part by battery  140 . In various embodiments, the hearing assistance device  100  includes a microphone  150  and a speaker, also known as a receiver,  160 . In hearing aid applications, the processor is adapted to receive sound signals from the microphone  150  and processed to provide adjustable gain to offset hearing loss of the wearer of the hearing aid. In various embodiments, signals received by the wireless electronics  120  can be processed if desired. 
         [0019]    In hearing aid applications, in various embodiments the processor  110  includes a digital signal processor in communication with the wireless electronics  120  to perform communications. In various embodiments, the processor and wireless electronics are adapted to perform communications as set forth herein. 
         [0020]      FIG. 2  shows a block diagram of a system  200  including a receiver  220  and an antenna  230 , according to one embodiment of the present subject matter. The front end of the receiver  222  includes a filter bank  221  including one or more MEMS devices. In various embodiments, the filter bank  221  includes a plurality of MEMS filters. In various embodiments, the front end filter bank serves as a front end preselector filter for one or more radio frequency channels of interest. Such embodiments have an advantage in that they mitigate interference in the ISM band. In various embodiments a channel bank of MEMS filters is used in a receiver front end. Such embodiments address the limited linearity of low noise amplifiers and mixers in low power radio designs. Overload due to out of band signals is limited and further filtering may not be necessary. Phase noise requirements of the local oscillator are relaxed due to the absence of reciprocal mixing of out of band signals. Image rejection is achieved through the use of these front end MEMS filters. Since the phase noise requirements are significantly reduced, the local oscillator may be realized using a MEMS resonator with less stringent phase noise requirements. In various embodiments, the MEMS resonators are fabricated on the same process as the fabrication of a silicon radio. Such a bank of preselector filters uses MEMS resonators tuned to the proper frequency of operation. This approach allows high integration of the resonating MEMS devices. 
         [0021]      FIG. 3  shows a block diagram of a system  300  including a radio  320  and an antenna  330 , according to one embodiment of the present subject matter. The radio  420  can be a receiver, a transmitter, or a transceiver for radio communications. In various embodiments a bank of MEMS resonators is used to create multiple local oscillator frequencies by switching resonators to channel select the frequency of interest. In various embodiments, a bank of silicon resonators for a MEMS type oscillator circuit can be switched and provide the local oscillator frequency necessary for modulation and demodulation of an RF signal. 
         [0022]      FIG. 4  shows a block diagram of a system  400  including a radio  420  and an antenna  430 , according to one embodiment of the present subject matter. The radio  420  can be a receiver, a transmitter, or a transceiver for radio communications. In various embodiments a MEMS resonator  421  is used to create an oscillator. In various applications the oscillator is a local oscillator for mixing. In various applications the oscillator is used for superheterodyne functions. In various embodiments, a single reference oscillator consisting of a single MEMS device as its resonator is fabricated and used as the reference oscillator for a synthesizer including, but not limited to, a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and a phase locked loop (PLL). 
         [0023]    Other communications electronics and communications functions can be realized using the MEMS device in the wireless electronics without departing from the scope of the present subject matter. The examples given herein are intended to be demonstrative and not exhaustive or exclusive. 
         [0024]      FIG. 5  shows a plurality of different communications that can be supported, according to various embodiments of the present subject matter. System  500  demonstrates that such communications include ear-to-ear communications  540  or ear-to-remote-device communications  550  or  560  with remote device  530 . It is understood that these communications can be unidirectional, bidirectional, or combinations of both. Such communications can also include far field communications (e.g., radio frequency communications), or combinations of near field (e.g., inductive link using substantially the magnetic field) and far field communications. It is understood that remote device  530  can be any wireless devices, including, but not limited to a wireless audio controller such as that described in U.S. Patent Application Publication 2006/0274747, entitled: COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR WIRELESS AUDIO DEVICES, and PCT Application Publication WO 2006/133158, titled: COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR WIRELESS AUDIO DEVICES, which are both hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
         [0025]    In various embodiments the wireless communications can include standard or nonstandard communications. Some examples of standard wireless communications include link protocols including, but not limited to, Bluetooth™, IEEE 802.11(wireless LANs), 802.15(WPANs), 802.16(WiMAX), cellular protocols including, but not limited to CDMA and GSM, ZigBee, and ultra-wideband (UWB) technologies. Such protocols support radio frequency communications and some support infrared communications. It is possible that other forms of wireless communications can be used such as ultrasonic, optical, and others. It is understood that the standards which can be used include past and present standards. It is also contemplated that future versions of these standards and new future standards may be employed without departing from the scope of the present subject matter. 
         [0026]    The wireless communications support a connection between devices. Such connections include, but are not limited to, one or more mono or stereo connections or digital connections having link protocols including, but not limited to 802.3 (Ethernet), 802.4, 802.5, USB, ATM, Fibre-channel, Firewire or 1394, InfiniBand, or a native streaming interface. Such connections include all past and present link protocols. It is also contemplated that future versions of these protocols and new future standards may be employed without departing from the scope of the present subject matter. 
         [0027]    In various embodiments a protocol is used, such as the protocol described in U.S. Patent Application Publication 2006/0274747, entitled: COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR WIRELESS DEVICES, and PCT Application Publication WO 2006/133158, titled: COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR WIRELESS AUDIO DEVICES, which are both hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. In various embodiments, a protocol is used such as the protocol in U.S. Pat. No. 7,529,565, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Other protocols may be used without departing from the scope of the present subject matter. 
         [0028]      FIG. 6  shows an example of a receiver using MEMS components, according to one embodiment of the present subject matter. Receiver  600  includes an antenna  630  which provides a signal to the receiver  600 . The signal is multiplexed by multiplexer  602  to a bank of selectable filters  605 A-N, which are MEMS filters in one embodiment. The selectable filters  605 A-N provide inputs to a multiplexer  604  which provides a selected RF signal to mixer  606  based on the filter selection. The selected RF signal is mixed with an oscillator frequency that is selectably produced by a series of selectable resonators  615 A-N, switches  618 A-N, and oscillator  614  that is sent to the mixer  606  via amplifier  616 . In one embodiment, the resonators  615 A-N are MEMS resonators. The mixing by mixer  606  provides a resulting intermediate frequency that is passed through bandpass filter  608  and demodulated using demodulator  612 . Other variations of components and signal processing using one or more MEMS devices are possible without departing from the scope of the present subject matter. It is understood that such designs may be implemented in hearing assistance devices, including, but not limited to hearing aids. 
         [0029]      FIG. 7  shows an example of a receiver using MEMS components, according to one embodiment of the present subject matter. Receiver  700  includes an antenna  730  which provides a signal to the receiver  700 . The signal is multiplexed by multiplexer  702  to a bank of selectable filters  705 A-N, which are MEMS filters in one embodiment. The selectable filters  705 A-N provide inputs to a multiplexer  704  which provides a selected RF signal to mixer  706  based on the filter selection. The selected RF signal is mixed with an oscillator frequency that is produced by a resonator  715  and oscillator  716  that is sent to a divider  717 . In one embodiment, the resonator is a MEMS resonator. The output of divider  717  is provided to a frequency synthesizer  750 . The output goes to the phase detector  722  which compares the phase with a signal from voltage controlled oscillator  724  in series with a loop filter  723 . The output of phase detector  722  is provided to a counter  726  and a divider  725  that is in a loop configuration with the voltage controlled oscillator  724 , loop filter  723  and phase detector  722 . The output of the frequency synthesizer is provided to mixer  706 . The mixing by mixer  706  provides a resulting intermediate frequency that is passed through bandpass filter  708  and demodulated using demodulator  712 . Other variations of components and signal processing using one or more MEMS devices are possible without departing from the scope of the present subject matter. It is understood that such designs may be implemented in hearing assistance devices, including, but not limited to hearing aids. 
         [0030]    It is understood that variations in communications protocols, antenna configurations, and combinations of components may be employed without departing from the scope of the present subject matter. It is understood that in various embodiments the microphone is optional. It is understood that in various embodiments the receiver is optional. Antenna configurations may vary and may be included within an enclosure for the electronics or be external to an enclosure for the electronics. Thus, the examples set forth herein are intended to be demonstrative and not a limiting or exhaustive depiction of variations. 
         [0031]    The present subject matter can be used for a variety of hearing assistance devices, including but not limited to, cochlear implant type hearing devices, hearing aids, such as behind-the-ear (BTE), in-the-ear (ITE), in-the-canal (ITC), or completely-in-the-canal (CIC) type hearing aids. It is understood that behind-the-ear type hearing aids may include devices that reside substantially behind the ear or over the ear. Such devices may include hearing aids with receivers associated with the electronics portion of the behind-the-ear device, or hearing aids of the type having receivers in the ear canal of the user. Such devices are also known as receiver-in-the-canal (RIC) or receiver-in-the-ear (RITE) hearing instruments. It is understood that other hearing assistance devices not expressly stated herein may fall within the scope of the present subject matter. 
         [0032]    This application is intended to cover adaptations or variations of the present subject matter. It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. The scope of the present subject matter should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of legal equivalents to which such claims are entitled.