Abstract:
A storage lift includes two vertically extending tracks mounted to a wall surface such as a garage wall. The tracks guide associated sliding members through vertical motion up and down adjacent the wall. The sliding members are in turn hinged to a platform that serves in alternative embodiments as a storage platform base or a variable-height work surface, and which may also be folded compactly when not in use or during shipping. A full box framework is provided for most applications, and panels are slidable within framework grooves or brackets to fully enclose the platform. A cover may optionally be provided as required. In the preferred embodiment, an electric motor is provided within the storage platform base for motive power, and a key switch control is provided to safely actuate the motor. The electric motor in the preferred embodiment is attached to the tracks through a combination of cables and pulleys, though other techniques are contemplated.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention pertains generally to supports and cabinets. More particularly, the invention pertains to a wall or surface mounted vertically movable housing or compartment. In a most preferred embodiment, the invention pertains to garage storage systems that enable limited space within a garage or the like to be used optimally for storage, working surfaces, or vehicles as required at any particular time. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     In the design and construction of a dwelling, there are many competing factors that must be addressed. Among these are a person&#39;s desire for adequate space to carry on normal daily activities and ability to gain ready access to items required during those regular activities. In addition, sufficient storage area or shelter must be provided for less frequently used items and expensive or valuable equipment. When there is insufficient space, a great deal of time may be lost, and frustration will build, adversely affecting the person&#39;s comfort and quality of life. However, limiting a person&#39;s ability to attain these desirable features of a dwelling are the limited land space available for the population in general, the greater expense of larger structures, and also the increased time and expense required to maintain larger dwellings. 
     Consequently, various artisans have worked to design more efficient ways to store various items in a smaller occupied space. U.S. Pat. No. 5,199,843 to Sferra is illustrative. The Sferra patent illustrates above-vehicle storage using an elaborate lift and conveyor system that runs the length of a garage area. This system allows persons to use available dwelling space more efficiently. Unfortunately, the Sferra system places several undesirable constraints upon the design and construction of the garage. More particularly, the Sferra system requires the garage to be open for the entire length above the vehicle, and have enough space in that area for reasonable storage. 
     Unfortunately, most home garages have little available space above the vehicle. This is due to the aforementioned limiting factor of expense, and also aesthetics of the garage in proportion to the dwelling. Most garages are provided with an overhead door that opens only slightly above the roof of a typical vehicle, and when open extends over the top of such a vehicle parked within the garage. In most instances, the overhead door will also be adjacent a ceiling or the beginning of a roof structure within the garage when in this open position. In other words, there is either no available space above the vehicle and garage door, or extremely limited space. Such limited space normally does not provide sufficient justification for the complex and costly system of storage Sferra illustrates. As a result, the Sferra system is limited in application to only those situations where a pre-existing structure has unusually high ceilings within which to provide storage. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,729,245 to Skifstrom illustrates an electrically driven cabinet structure designed to work above a kitchen counter. While the Skifstrom system offers better access to higher items within a cabinet, very little is gained in efficiency of storage in applications beyond a kitchen cabinet. U.S. Pat. No. 5,871,070 to Contreras illustrates a wall mounted storage lift referenced for use within a garage, but uses a cable system that would be inherently extremely dangerous for elevating larger or heavy objects, since the failure of a single cable would easily spill the platform. Furthermore, the cables allow movement and shifting of the platform that, even absent a mechanical failure, could still lead to an accident. Consequently, there is still a need for more efficient storage and use of space within dwelling structures and particularly within garages and work areas. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In a first manifestation, the invention is a storage lift apparatus supported entirely on a single surface of a generally planar wall. The lift includes a cargo support base; a support track secured to the wall; a runner supporting the cargo support base retained within the support track and moveable between a position adjacent the floor and a position adjacent the ceiling; and a drive operatively connected to move the runner relative to support track and thereby operatively move the cargo support base relative to the floor. The storage lift apparatus may be loaded with cargo at a floor level position and subsequently elevated therefrom by the drive moving the runner relative to the support track, to make the floor level space available for alternative usage. 
     In a second manifestation, the invention is a multi-purpose transportation, work and storage unit within which a motor vehicle is parked and stored and which selectively provides an adjustable height working surface or additional storage space. A garage structure receives and shelters the motor vehicle and has a floor, a roof, and a wall. A lift has first and second vertically extending guides affixed to the wall, runners journalled and slidable within the guides, an object supporting surface extending perpendicular from and solely supported by the runners, a drive for vertically displacing the lift from floor, and a means to adjust the height between object supporting surface and floor. Cargo may then be alternatively supported adjacent floor level, above floor and within reach of a person for work or above storage, or above a motor vehicle without ground-level impediment. 
     In a third manifestation, the invention is a surface-mounted adjustable height wall unit operative for raising a load from a floor to a second position spaced therefrom and subsequently lowering the load back to the floor. The wall unit includes a wall mount for rigidly attaching to a wall surface. A base supports the load by defining a horizontal surface. A back is movably attached to the wall mount. The base is pivotally attached to the back along a back edge of the base and rotates between horizontal and vertical. A drive moves the back and base relative to wall mount, and a removable frame forms a basket with back and base into which the load may be placed and retained. At least one panel is removably attached to the frame adjacent base front edge and horizontal surface sides, thereby forming a barrier to human tampering with a raised load. 
     OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION 
     A first object of the invention is to provide a more efficient use of space within a garage or other work area than is currently practiced. A second object of the invention is to provide a device that may be installed easily into an existing structure. A third object of the invention is the provision of an apparatus that may be operated safely. A further object of the invention is the provision of an apparatus that may serve several diverse purposes, enabling not only storage, but also expanding the ways a particular work space may be used to include temporary, adjustable height surface and work benches. Another object of the invention is the ability to manufacture the storage apparatus for reasonable costs, thereby making the apparatus available for as wide a range of applications as possible. These and other objectives are achieved in the present invention, which will be best understood from the description of the preferred embodiment in association with the accompanying drawing figures. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 illustrates a preferred embodiment storage lift from projected view. 
     FIG. 2 illustrates a preferred embodiment track, runner and cross member combination used in the storage lift of FIG. 1 by enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line  2 ′ of FIG. 1, with platform  120  elevated from the position of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 3 illustrates a preferred platform, track, back, pulley and cable from side schematic view. 
     FIG. 4 illustrates a cross section of cross member  112  taken along line  4 ′ of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 5 illustrates the drive components by skeleton projected view, with all other lift and platform components removed for simplicity of understanding. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Storage lift  100  is most preferably mounted to a wall  180  which might typically be the end wall within a common garage opposite the garage door. While described mounted against this common garage wall, artisans will at once recognize that the preferred embodiment has much broader utility, and will provide much benefit in other applications. The applications for the preferred embodiment and alternatives extend well beyond garages, and may include various rooms, storage areas, outbuildings, warehouses, retail outlets, and many other buildings and static structures too numerous to mention herein. 
     Wall  180  will typically include an electrical outlet  182 , and is adjacent and perpendicular to floor  184  and ceiling  186 . Wall mount  110  in the most preferred embodiment includes one or any plurality of vertically extending tracks  200 ,  201 . In the most preferred embodiment, two are illustrated, which provides convenient mounting and distribution of forces across wall  180 . In this embodiment, tracks  200 ,  201  will extend vertically most preferably in alignment with structural members such as wall studs or the like which may typically be found and to which large loads may be anchored. Tracks  200 ,  201  may also have various holes  114  therein, through which fasteners  115  such as screws, nails, bolts or the like may pass for rigid attachment to wall  180 . Other fastening techniques may also be used, as known in the art. 
     Tracks  200 ,  201  are most preferably fabricated through an extrusion process, and may be of an aluminum alloy or the like. The extrusion process enables high volume, low cost manufacture with special advantageous features described herein below, while avoiding major tooling expense. Aluminum offers the added benefit of exceptional appearance, lower package weight, high strength, and excellent long term resistance to corrosion. Noteworthy here is the fact that safety may be compromised over time should the wall mount be subject to corrosion, and so the mount will most preferably be manufactured from materials that offer excellent resistance thereto. Nevertheless, other materials and manufacturing processes are contemplated. Stainless steel, galvanized steel, vinyl coated steel, structural composites and other known equivalents will be considered by those of skill in the art and may be applicable for particular applications, as are other manufacturing processes such as stamping and molding. 
     Spacing tracks  200 ,  201  by an exact amount is at least one cross member  112 . Cross member  112  will most preferably be height adjustable, and will have anchoring holes  114  that are also spaced to align with wall studs. Consequently, cross member  112  will not only accurately space tracks  200 ,  201 , but will also provide structural strength and integrity to the entire structure comprising wall mount  110 . A plurality of cross members  112  may be provided, or a single larger sheet or solid spacer may be provided. Nevertheless, in the preferred embodiment, either one or two cross members are believed to be adequate for most installations. 
     Mounted for sliding adjacent tracks  200 ,  201 , through means described herein below with reference to FIG. 2, are several frame members  133 ,  134 ,  138 ,  139  that comprise a back portion of load or cargo supporting platform  120 . In particular, frame members  133 ,  134  will most preferably extend longitudinally parallel to tracks  200 ,  201 , generally in a vertical direction. A pair of hinges  151 ,  152  are provided at the lower end of frame members  133 ,  134  which pivotally and securely fasten platform base  121  including front edge  122  and side  123  thereto. Hinges  151 ,  152  permit platform base  121  to be folded parallel to frame members  133 ,  134  during periods of non-use, particularly during shipping and when seasonal equipment that would otherwise be supported upon platform  120  is in use and so is not supported upon platform  120 . In an alternative embodiment, hinges  151 ,  152  may be replaced by bolts or the like, at the expense of being able to fold platform  120  parallel to frame members  133 ,  134 . Further support between platform base  121  and frame members  133 ,  134  is provided through diagonal framing members  140 ,  141 . Most preferably, these diagonal framing members will also be removable to allow the pivoting of platform base  121 . 
     A cargo support frame  130  is optionally provided, and consists of corner vertical posts  131 ,  132  and top frame members  135 - 137  which, in association with frame members  138 - 141 , form a box above platform base  121 . Most preferably, support frame  130  will be further augmented with one small corner braces at each corner, for a total of four braces, such as the corner brace  142  illustrated. These braces may be substituted with other devices or means for retaining vertically extending panels, such as panel  143  shown by partial cut-away view in FIG. 1, to enable cargo support frame  130  to completely enclose cargo placed upon platform  120 . The use of support frame  130  and various braces such as brace  142  and various panels such as panel  143  enables panel  143  to be dropped into place from a vertical direction only. The added benefit of this requirement is that panels  143  may be removed only when platform  120  is adjacent floor  184 . Consequently, any cargo loaded upon platform  120  is secured by key lock when in the elevated position adjacent ceiling  186 , since panels  143  block access to cargo and panels  143  may not be removed vertically. 
     Motion of platform  120  relative to wall mount  110  is controlled through a key switch control  160  having a power cord  161  plugged into outlet  182 , enabled or disabled by key switch  163 , and when enabled, conducted to platform  120  through cord  162 . The preferred embodiment storage lift  100  uses an electric motor, illustrated in FIG. 5, to drive platform  120  relative to floor  184 , as described herein below. By placing a key switch along wall  180  horizontally displaced from platform  120 , an operator will be forced to more safely operate storage lift  100 , since operation requires the operator to stand adjacent key switch  163  and therefore be out from underneath platform  120 . This therefore provides additional safety during use. Further safety may be provided within control  160  to cut off power in response to particular situations that may be encountered, such as travel distance limiting switches or overload switches, and also hazard sensors such as optical or ultrasonic obstacle detectors. Further techniques including electric braking and the like are considered. These types of safety systems are well known in the garage door and elevator industries, and techniques used in those industries as well as the storage industry are contemplated herein. 
     FIG. 2 illustrates the relationship between frame member  134  and track  200  in enlarged cross section for illustrative purposes. Note that this view is taken with platform  120  and frame member  134  elevated to adjacency with frame member  200 . Most preferably, frame member  200  includes a base  210  adjacent wall  180  through which holes  114  pass, to allow fasteners such as lag screws  115  to pass. Within base  210  two vertically extending ridges  211 ,  212  will most preferably be provided, which serve as a bearing surface upon which shoe  250  may ride. Extending normal from base  210  and wall  180  are side walls  220  and flanges  222 . The combination of base  210 , side walls  220  and flanges  222  form a vertically extending track within which one or more shoes such as shoe  250  may pass. Most preferably, shoe  250  will be shaped to fit therein, and will most preferably have some type of low friction liner, surface or material for engaging with track  200 . In the most preferred embodiment, shoe  250 , which may be fabricated from extruded aluminum also, is provided with polymeric vertically extending strips such as strips  260 - 262  illustrated in FIG.  2 . In a contemplated alternative, a single strip or even coating of low friction material may be provided. Strips  260 - 262  are preferably fabricated from Rulon™, though other materials including various nylon, polypropylene, high density polyethylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and polypropylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon™) type compounds, along with any other similar low friction polymers, lubricants, and coatings, whether in strip form, deposited as thin coatings, or otherwise provided, are contemplated herein. Most preferably, this material will prevent adverse interaction between the materials of shoe  250  and track  200  during relative motion there between, even when under extremely high weight loading. 
     As is also visible in FIG. 2, cross member  112  may readily be fastened track  200  through a small shoulder  113  formed at the ends of member  112  that will slide into a mating vertically extending slot  230  formed in track  200 . Using this technique for interconnection allows cross member  112  to be positioned at any vertical position while providing a fixed horizontal spacing between tracks  200 ,  201 . For example, in the preferred embodiment, cross member  112  may be fabricated to space track  200  from track  201  by an on-center measurement of exactly eight feet, which will allow tracks  200 ,  201  to be mounted to wall studs which are commonly spaced at either sixteen or twenty four inches, either which will align with an eight foot spacing. As should be apparent, this interconnection of cross member  112  with tracks  200 ,  201  provides additional anchoring to wall  180 , thereby boosting the safety and load capacity of wall mount  110 . 
     Shoe  250  is most preferably only a few inches in vertical length when located within tracks  200 ,  201 . The limit of length is determined by the pull-out strength of flanges  222 , and the longer shoe  250  is, the greater forces will have to be to pull shoe  250  out through flanges  222 . However, the shorter vertical length for shoe  250  allows shoe  250  to better follow irregularities in surface geometry and installation direction, since at an extremely short length, shoe  250  will act like a point location of attachment only, and in this extreme would easily follow any irregularity in track  250  or wall  180 . Nevertheless, some length is necessary for pull-out strength, and this must be balanced against the desired shorter lengths for better tracking of shoe  250  within tracks  200 ,  201  by a designer of storage lifts in accord with the present invention. The use of a single bolt  192  and a locking nut  194  such as the Keps™ or Nylok™ brand locking nuts, cap nuts or other suitable equivalents allows shoe  250  to pivot about an axis of bolt  192  and also slide closer to or further from frame member  134  as required during movement. 
     FIG. 3 illustrates schematically the placement of one exemplary pulley  300 , which rotates about bolt  310  and nut  312  visible in FIG. 2, and cable  190  with respect to track  200 , frame member  134  and platform  120 . As can be seen in FIG. 3, cable  190  passes out from within platform  120  through an angle translation at pulley  300  and vertically within track  200 . In FIG. 2, cable  190  is visible passing between shoe  250  and track base  210 . This direction of travel means that when cable  190  is pulled into platform  120 , platform  120  will be raised upward along track  200 . When cable  190  is released from platform  120  into track  200 , platform  120  will be lowered. Cable  190  is most preferably looped about a horizontal bolt anchored transverse through and at the top of tracks  200 ,  201 , though other suitable methods of attachment are also contemplated herein. 
     FIG. 5 illustrates a preferred driving apparatus  170  for moving platform  120  relative to floor  184 . Driving apparatus  170  includes cables  190 ,  191 , pulleys  300 - 305 , electric motor  172 , gear box  174 , coupling  176 , plate  177  and threaded rod  178 , though many other techniques are known. The driving apparatus in alternative embodiments may take the form of various sources of motive power including but not limited to human sources through hand cranks and the like, electric motors, gasoline or other combustion engines, or other such sources. Transmission of this power may be similarly diverse, and might include but certainly not be limited to winches, screw drives, rack and pinion gears, hydraulic cylinders, and the like. In the preferred embodiment, electric motor  172  will rotate threaded rod  178  after being geared to an appropriate speed, if necessary, through gear box  174 . Rotation of rod  178  in turn causes threaded coupling  176 , which is not allowed to rotate but which is threaded onto rod  178 , to move horizontally. This motion in turn either feeds out or draws in additional cable  190 ,  191  into platform  120 . As described herein above, that feed or drawing of cable leads to motion of platform  120 . In the preferred embodiment, driving apparatus  170 , other than cable  190 ,  191 , is entirely contained within platform base  121 , thereby eliminating the need for any additional boxes or compartments. There may be situations where it is desired to instead locate driving apparatus  170  externally to platform  120 , in which case one skilled in the art will be able to do so in view of the descriptions provided herein. 
     While the foregoing details what is felt to be the preferred embodiment of the invention, no material limitations to the scope of the claimed invention are intended. Further, features and design alternatives that would be obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art are considered to be incorporated herein. For example, though not limited thereto, various counterweights and force balancing springs are known in the art. The use of such techniques in conjunction with the present invention is certainly contemplated herein. Therefore, the scope of the invention is set forth and particularly described in the claims herein below.