Abstract:
The present invention relates to an energy storage disconnecting switch used in extra-high voltage and ultra-high voltage grid, in particular, relates to a scissor-type disconnecting switch. With the principle of storing energy in spring, the present invention provides an energy storage spring case having energy storage spring therein, to release the spring energy to operate the disconnecting switch by using the stored energy, to satisfy the need for quick action of the electric disconnecting switch.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
     This invention relates to an energy storage disconnecting switch. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
     The existing disconnecting switches use motor-type driving devices to directly drive insulated revolving shaft to operate crank at high-voltage side, so as to perform switch-on/switch-off operations through the crank. For example, 123-550KV scissor-type disconnecting switch manufactured by ALSTOM (China) Investment Co., Ltd. has such structure. Since this type of disconnecting switch uses motor direct drive mode, the speed is relative slow when the motor just starts up, and then the speed gradually increases. However, the switch requires relative high separating speed when performing switch-on/switch-off operations. No matter it is motor direct drive type or other types of mechanical direct drive disconnecting switches, the above deficiencies are inevitable. In addition, the two cranks of the scissor-type disconnecting switch perform relative movement through synchronous opposite rotation of two directly engaged gears. Due to the space between the two gears is too small, the maximum turning angle for the two cranks is 90 degree. When the two cranks clamp the bus, they may tend to open towards sides, and may upwardly impact the bus upon mobile contact on top of the crank touches fixed contact. This will affect the service life and stability of the mechanism. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
     The object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage disconnecting switch that has relative high separating speed, is able to manually switch-on and switch-off, and the contacts thereof is unlikely to get loosened after the switch is closed. 
     To achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: 
     An energy storage disconnecting switch of the present invention includes a base, a transmission case and a gear box fixed on top of the base, an insulated support and an insulated revolving shaft connecting the transmission case and the gear box; the gear box includes left gear and right gear, the left gear/right gear respectively connects to a left crank/a right crank; bottom end of the insulated revolving shaft is in transmission connection with a driving device, and top end of the insulated revolving shaft having bevel gear engages with gear in the gear box; characterized in that: the transmission case includes an energy storage spring case and a bistable commutator that are in transmission connection with the driving device; the energy storage spring case has a support, a horizontal shaft installed on the support through a bearing, an energy storage brake disk fixed onto one end of the horizontal shaft, a spring inner support disk fixed onto the other end of the horizontal shaft, a spring outer support disk sleeved onto the support through bearing, a disc spring having one end fixed onto the spring inner support disk and the other end fixed onto the spring outer support disk; the spring outer support disk being in transmission connection with the driving device through an energy storage worm and worm gear; the horizontal shaft connecting to an input shaft of the bistable commutator through a shaft coupler, an output shaft of the bistable commutator connecting to the insulated revolving shaft through a steering worm and worm gear, and a switch-on/switch-off brake disk installed onto the steering worm and worm gear. 
     A plurality of translating gears are disposed between the left gear and the right gear, and the number of the translating gears is an even number. 
     The input shaft, the output shaft and a transition shaft are installed in the bistable commutator through bearing, in which a switch-on gear and a constant-mesh gear are fixed onto the input shaft, a double chain gear slideably installed onto the output shaft through a spline mechanism, and a constant-mesh gear and a switch-off gear are fixed onto the transition shaft. The constant-mesh gear of the input shaft is engaged with the constant-mesh gear of the transition shaft, and the double chain gear is slideable on the output shaft to engage with either the switch-on gear of the input shaft or the switch-off gear of the transition shaft. The double chain gear of the output shaft connects to a fork. 
     The fork connected to the double chain gear is fixed onto a fork rod, and the fork rod is in transmission connection with a bistable permanent magnet mechanism. The bistable magnet mechanism has a casing with an output shaft therein. The output shaft extends from both ends of the casing, in which the front end connects to the fork rod. A core is fixed onto the output shaft, and a permanent magnet is disposed outside the core. The permanent magnet connects to the casing, and a set of impulse coil is disposed on each end of the permanent magnet respectively. An anti-magnetic sleeve is placed at contact part between the output shaft and the casing. The casing around the anti-magnetic sleeve has inwardly raised end-cap magnetic shoes, and the casing between the two impulse coils has inwardly raised casing magnetic shoes. 
     With the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:
         1. The direct power to drive the cranks comes from the energy stored in the spring. Because the spring has the characteristics that it has the most energy when just being released, the disconnecting switch of the present invention has high separating speed. This overcomes the deficiencies of the disconnecting switch using motor direct drive, which has relative slow separating speed.   2. Due to the remaining spring force always acts on the insulated revolving shaft after the energy storage spring being released, the contacts can maintain enough pressure after switching on, to ensure good contact.   3. Due to translating gears being added in the gear box, which enlarge the distance between the left gear and the right gear, the two cranks can turn to an angle of 120 degrees. Upon the crank passes the vertical point, the upper pivot starts to descend, which basically offsets the rising effect caused by decreasing angle of the two cranks. Thus, when mobile contact approaches fixed contact, the mobile contact turns into transverse movement from up-and-down motion, so as to avoid upwardly impacting the bus when the two contacts touch each other, and to improve the mechanical stability of the disconnecting switch.   4. Upon switching on, with the effect of gravity, the two cranks may tend to clamp more tightly, and thus to overcome the deficiency of contacts being easily loosened after the switch is closed.   5. With spring storing energy, a manual energy storage handle can be installed onto the driving device. When the motor experiences malfunction and cannot store energy, it is possible to store energy manually, and switch-on/switch-off speed will not be affected.   6. When ice covers the disconnecting switch on the surface, due to the spring mechanism has high initial energy, by repeatedly operating the switch to break the ice, switch-on/switch-off operation can be effectively carried out. Thus, the disconnecting switch adapts to use in more extended environments, where the motor direct-drive switches are unable to use.       

    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
         FIG. 1  is a schematic drawing of structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic drawing of structure of an energy storage spring case. 
         FIG. 3  is a sectional view of a bistable commutator. 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic drawing of structure of a bistable permanent magnet mechanism. 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic drawing of movement path of a mobile contact. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
     As shown in  FIG. 1 , an energy storage disconnecting switch of the present invention includes a base  1 , a transmission case  2  and a gear box  3  fixed on top of the base  1 , an insulated support  4  and an insulated revolving shaft  6  connecting the transmission case  2  and the gear box  3 . The gear box  3  includes a left gear  31  and a right gear  32 , which connects to a left crank  51  and a right crank  52 , respectively. Two translating gears  33  are disposed between the left gear  31  and the right gear  32 . It is understood that the number of the translating gears  33  may vary, such as 4, 6 or 8. Due to translating gears  33  are added in the gear box  3 , which enlarge the distance between the left gear  31  and the right gear  32 , the two cranks can turn to an angle of 120 degrees. Upon the crank passes the vertical point, the upper pivot starts to descend, which basically offsets the rising effect caused by decreasing angle of the two cranks. Thus, when mobile contact approaches fixed contact, the mobile contact moves in transverse direction from up-and-down motion, so as to avoid upwardly impacting the bus when the two contacts touch each other. Movement path of the mobile contact is shown in  FIG. 5 , in which x-axis indicates rotation angle of cranks, and y-axis indicates height of the mobile contact. In addition, upon switching on, with the effect of gravity, the two cranks tend to clamp more tightly, and thus to overcome the deficiency of contacts being easily loosened after the switch is closed. 
     Bottom end of the insulated revolving shaft  6  is in transmission connection with the transmission case  2 , and top end of the insulated revolving shaft  6  has bevel gear which engages with the left gear  31  in the gear box  3 . It is understood that the bevel gear on top of the insulated revolving shaft  6  also can engage with the right gear  32  in the gear box  3 . The transmission case  2  includes an energy storage spring case  7 , a bistable commutator  8  and a switch-on/switch-off brake disk  733  that are in transmission connection with a driving device  735 . As shown in  FIG. 2 , the energy storage spring case  7  has a support  71 , a horizontal shaft  72  installed on the support  71  through a bearing, an energy storage brake disk  73  fixed onto one end of the horizontal shaft  72 , in which the energy storage brake disk  73  has a disc brake device  78 , a spring inner support disk  74  fixed onto the other end of the horizontal shaft  72 , a spring outer support disk  75  sleeved onto the support  71  through bearing, and a disc spring  76  having one end fixed onto the spring inner support disk  74  and the other end fixed onto the spring outer support disk  75 . The spring outer support disk  75  is in transmission connection with the driving device through an energy storage worm and worm gear  77 . The horizontal shaft  72  connects to an input shaft  81  of the bistable commutator  8  through a shaft coupler, and an output shaft  82  of the bistable commutator  8  connects to a steering worm  734  through a shaft coupler. One end of the steering worm  734  is fixed onto the switch-on/switch-off brake disk  733 . The switch-on/switch-off brake disk  733  has disc brake device. The other end of the steering worm  734  connects to a worm gear at the bottom of the insulated revolving shaft  6 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 3 , the bistable commutator  8  has the input shaft  81 , the output shaft  82  and a transition shaft  83 . The three shafts are installed in the bistable commutator through bearing, in which a switch-on gear  84  and a constant-mesh gear  85  are fixed onto the input shaft  81 , a double chain gear  86  is slideably installed onto the output shaft  82  through a spline mechanism, and a constant-mesh gear  87  and a switch-off gear  88  are fixed onto the transition shaft  83 . The constant-mesh gear  85  of the input shaft is engaged with the constant-mesh gear  87  of the transition gear. The double chain gear  86  is slideable on the output shaft  82  to engage with either the switch-on gear  84  or the switch-off gear  88 . The double chain gear  86  connects to a fork  89 . Due to the requirement that the disconnecting switch shall not be in neutral position, i.e., the double chain gear  86  at any time shall either engage with the switch-on gear  84  or engage with the switch-off gear  88 , besides improvements made to the design and installation (such improvements to the design and installation are routines in the mechanical design industry, and thus will not elaborate hereafter), a bistable permanent magnet mechanism (Chinese Patent No. 98220417.5 owned by the Applicant) can be adopted as the control mechanism for the fork, to avoid possible improper manual operation of the fork. 
     The fork  89  connected to the double chain gear  86  is fixed onto a fork rod  90 , and the fork rod  90  is in transmission connection with a bistable permanent magnet mechanism. As shown in  FIG. 4 , the bistable permanent magnet mechanism has a casing  101  with an output shaft  102  therein. The output shaft  102  extends from both ends of the casing  101 , in which the front end connects to the fork rod  90 . A core  103  is fixed onto the output shaft  102 , and a permanent magnet  104  is disposed around the core  103 . The permanent magnet  104  connects to the casing  101 , and a set of impulse coil  105  is disposed on each end of the permanent magnet  104  respectively. An anti-magnetic sleeve  1011  is placed at contact part between the output shaft  102  and the casing  101 . The part of the casing  101  around the anti-magnetic sleeve  1011  has inwardly raised end-cap magnetic shoes, and the middle part of the casing  101  between the two impulse coils  105  has inwardly raised casing magnetic shoes. 
     The driving device  735  can use motor with worm gear reducer. This is known to public, and thus will not elaborate herein. 
     The work principle of the energy storage disconnecting switch of the present invention is as follows: 
     The driving device  735  drives the spring outer support disk  75  to rotate through the energy storage worm and worm gear  77 . At the same time, due to the disc brake device  78  locks the energy storage brake disk  73 , the horizontal shaft  72  and the spring inner support disk  74  are unable to move, and the spring outer support disk  75  rotates to tighten the disc spring  76  for ready to use. When the left crank  51  and the right crank  52  are required to move, firstly operates the bistable commutator  8  to work position through an electric control device; then operates brake device to loosen the energy storage brake disk  73  and the switch-on/switch-off brake disk  733 , the horizontal shaft  72  quickly rotates under the effect of the disc spring  76 , and drives the steering worm  734  to rotate through the bistable commutator  8 ; and finally drives the insulated revolving shaft  6 , which in turn drives the left gear  31  and the right gear  32  in the gear box  3  to rotate in opposite directions; so as to lower or raise the cranks to turn on/turn off the switch. When the cranks move to the right position, the electric control device starts up brake device to lock the energy storage brake disk  73  and the switch-on/switch-off brake disk  733 , the horizontal shaft  72 , the steering worm  734  and the insulated revolving shaft  6  stop rotating, to end the switch-on/switch-off operation. The electric control device operates the driving device  735  to re-start to store energy in the disc spring  76 . When the energy stored in the spring  76  reaches a preset value, the driving device  735  stops to wait for the next work circle. 
     One function of the bistable commutator  8  is to turn the single direction twisting force of the horizontal shaft  72  into two different directions when acting on the insulated revolving shaft  6  via commutation. 
     Further, the output end of the bistable commutator  8  connects the insulated revolving shaft  6  through worm and worm gear. Thus, the rotating angle of the insulated revolving shaft  6  in working can be less than 360 degrees, which makes it convenient to install an orientation switch  736  at the bottom end of the insulated revolving shaft  6 , to determine whether the cranks are in right positions by measuring the rotating angle of the insulated revolving shaft  6 , to provide data to the electric control device. 
     In addition, a manual energy storage handle can be installed on the driving device  735 . When the motor experiences malfunction and cannot store energy, it is possible to store energy manually, to ensure switch-on/switch-off unaffected. The energy storage brake disk and the switch-on/switch-off brake disk can effectively guarantee the switch-on/switch-off status and the spring status staying unchanged when the bistable commutator  8  commutates, so that the commutator  8  can reliably change directions. 
     The energy storage disconnecting switch can effectively improve the characteristics of switch-on/switch-off. In practical use, it can be designed as double scissor type, center disconnecting type, vertical opening type, or both sides disconnecting type.