Abstract:
One or more RFID tags ( 104 ) are integrated into a fire hose ( 102 ) to facilitate an individual&#39;s exit from a structure. A portable interrogator ( 106 ) worn by the individual interrogates the closest RFID tag ( 104 ). Each RFID tag ( 104 ) has location information stored therein which gets decoded upon interrogation by the portable interrogator ( 106 ). The RFID location information assists the individual in locating the hose ( 102 ) and following the hose towards its source point ( 110 ) and out of the structure.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD  
       [0001]     This invention relates in general to location tracking and more particularly to tracking the location of a fire hose.  
       BACKGROUND  
       [0002]     When working within a burning structure the lack of visibility can cause firefighters and rescue workers to become disoriented and sometimes lost. One method fire/rescue workers use for determining location is to follow a fire hose. However, the fire hose may be difficult to find and may become coiled which can cause confusion as to which direction of the hose to follow out of the structure. Accordingly, it would be beneficial to have a way of facilitating a fire/rescue worker&#39;s way out of a structure. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0003]     The features of the present invention, which are believed to be novel, are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention, together with further objects and advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in the several figures of which like reference numerals identify like elements, and in which:  
         [0004]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a location identification system in accordance with the present invention;  
         [0005]      FIG. 2  is an example of fire hose construction having an RFID integrated therein in accordance with the present invention; and  
         [0006]      FIG. 3  is a flow chart of a location identification method in accordance with the present invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0007]     While the specification concludes with claims defining the features of the invention that are regarded as novel, it is believed that the invention will be better understood from a consideration of the following description in conjunction with the drawing figures, in which like reference numerals are carried forward.  
         [0008]     Radio frequency identification (“RFID”) tags and radio frequency identification tag systems are known, and find numerous uses. For example, radio frequency identification tags are frequently used for personal identification in automated gate sentry applications protecting secured buildings or areas. Information stored on the radio frequency identification tag identifies the person seeking access to the secured building. Older systems require the person accessing the building to insert or swipe a programmed identification tag into or through a reader for the system to read the information from the identification tag.  
         [0009]     In newer systems, the user simply holds or places the radio frequency identification tag near a base station, which is coupled to a security system securing the building or area. The base station transmits an excitation signal to the radio frequency identification tag that powers circuitry contained on the radio frequency identification tag. The circuitry, responsive to the excitation signal, communicates the stored information from the radio frequency identification tag to the base station, which receives and decodes the information. The read information is communicated to the security system and, if appropriate, access is granted to the individual. In general, radio frequency identification tags are capable of retaining and, in operation, transmitting a substantial amount of information—sufficient information to uniquely identify individuals, packages, inventory and the like.  
         [0010]     In accordance with the present invention, there is provided herein the integration of one or more RFID tags within a fire hose for the purpose of location tracking. When interrogated, the RFID tag transmits data which indicates the location of the fire hose. When more than one RFID tag is used, the location of the tag relative to other tags within the hose is also provided. In accordance with the present invention, a portable communication device used by the firefighter includes an RFID interrogator to interrogate the RFID tag and to receive and decode the location data. The location data is communicated to the firefighter by the portable communication device to facilitate egress from the structure.  
         [0011]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a location identification system  100  in accordance with the present invention. System  100  includes a fire hose  102  having one or more radio frequency identification (RFID) tags  104  integrated therein, each RFID contains location data identifying the hose location and preferably the RFID tag location within the fire hose. A portable RFID interrogator  106  is integrated within a portable communication device  108 , such as a two-way radio, for decoding the location data. In accordance with the present invention, upon interrogation by the RFID interrogator  106 , the nearest RFID tag  104  transmits location data to the communication device  108  indicating the location of the fire hose  102  and preferably the location of the closest RFID tag relative to the other RFID tags. The firefighter receives the location information at the portable communication device  108  and locates the hose  102 . Once the firefighter locates the hose he or she can follow the hose to a source point  110 .  
         [0012]     Buildings often have several fire hoses, so an example of the stored data might be “hose number, hose section” to identify a hose in a particular area of the building and the section of that hose. To facilitate egress from the structure, a plurality of RFID tags are preferably integrated within the fire hose  102 , each RFID tag  104  having relative location information stored therein. Fire hoses are typically fifty feet in length and include a male coupling  112  that leads into the structure and a female coupling  114  that leads out. Thus, one configuration for the integration of the RFID  104  into the hose  102  would be to locate to the RFID five to ten feet from each end of the hose and in the middle of the hose. Each RFID  104  stores a distinguishable identifier indicating its relative location within the hose. In this configuration, the RFID could identify its relative location using “middle”, “male” and “female” indicators. The portable communication device  108  emits an audible and/or visual alert to the fire fighter indicating the location of the RFID tag  104  within the fire hose. The indication of a male coupling  112  leads the fire fighter into the structure while the indication of the female coupling  114  leads the firefighter out of the structure.  
         [0013]     Additional RFID tags can be dispersed throughout the hose and a variety of location identifiers can be used. For example, the plurality of RFIDs  104  can be sequentially numbered and interspersed at predetermined distances along the fire hose  102 . As the firefighter moves along the hose  102 , the order of the numbering indicates which direction the firefighter should take. The portable communication device  108  emits an audible and/or visual alert to the fire fighter indicating the location of the RFID within the hose. For example, the number “one” or a “zero” can be used to indicate the source point of the hose. Thus, when the firefighter locates the hose at say a point identified by one of the plurality of RFID tags as “ten” the fire fighter knows that the next RFID he/she should encounter is “nine” in order to lead to the exit. If the fire fighter moves in the wrong direction, the next RFID will indicate the number “eleven” and the firefighter can change direction so that the RFID tags are descending in order. Lettering, symbol representations of varying intensity, distance indicators or other visual or audible identifiers can be used to represent RFID location along the hose.  
         [0014]      FIG. 2  depicts an example of fire hose construction  200  having an RFID tag  202  integrated therein. Construction of the hose  200  preferably consists of a few layers: an inner sealed layer (e.g. rubber)  204  with one or more outer layers of woven material (e.g. woven polyester)  206 ,  208 . The RFID  202  is preferably laid between the outer, woven layers  206 ,  208  during construction of the hose. Depending on the construction of the hose, other integration means of integrating the RFID to the hose could also be used.  
         [0015]      FIG. 3  is a flow chart of a location identification method  300  in accordance with the present invention. The method of identifying location  300  comprises the steps of transmitting an interrogation signal from a portable communication device  302 , receiving the interrogation signal at an RFID tag integrated within a fire hose  304  and sending location information pertaining to the fire hose to the portable communication device from the RFID tag  306 .  
         [0016]     When firefighters are working within a burning structure, there are always fire hoses connected at various points external to the structure or within stairways or other exits ways within the structure. Passive RFID tags can now be interrogated at distances in excess of fifty feet. By interrogating with a transmission directed from a portable interrogator, RFID tags coupled to a fire hose can now lead the firefighter to the closest hose and then direct the firefighter to the building&#39;s exit.  
         [0017]     While the preferred embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, it will be clear that the invention is not so limited. Numerous modifications, changes, variations, substitutions and equivalents will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.