Abstract:
A method includes receiving a message from a user device, determining whether the message includes a tag, identifying at least one interaction the user device performed with an application responsive to determining that the message includes the tag, calculating a difference between a time the message was received and a time associated with the at least one identified interaction, determining whether the difference between the time the message was received and the time associated with the at least one identified interaction is within a threshold value, and associating the tag with the application associated with the at least one interaction responsive to determining that the difference between the time the message was received and the time associated with the at least one identified interaction is within the threshold value.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to asynchronous messaging, and more specifically, to tags associated with asynchronous messaging. 
         [0002]    Though the functions of available mobile telephone devices continue to advance, there are significant numbers of users who utilize mobile telephone devices with limited functions or features. For example, millions of mobile telephone device users use simple mobile telephone devices with voice and texting/short message service (SMS), but with limited alternative communications features. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY 
       [0003]    According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method includes receiving a message from a user device, determining whether the message includes a tag, identifying at least one interaction the user device performed with an application responsive to determining that the message includes the tag, calculating a difference between a time the message was received and a time associated with the at least one identified interaction, determining whether the difference between the time the message was received and the time associated with the at least one identified interaction is within a threshold value, and associating the tag with the application associated with the at least one interaction responsive to determining that the difference between the time the message was received and the time associated with the at least one identified interaction is within the threshold value. 
         [0004]    According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method includes receiving a message from a user device, determining whether the message includes a tag, identifying at least one interaction the user device performed with an application responsive to determining that the message includes the tag, calculating a distance between a location the message was sent from and a location associated with the at least one identified interaction, determining whether the distance between the location the message was sent from and the location associated with the at least one identified interaction is within a threshold value, and associating the tag with the application associated with the at least one interaction responsive to determining that the distance between the location the message was sent from and the location associated with the at least one identified interaction is within the threshold value. 
         [0005]    According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a system includes a user device, and a processor operative to receive a message from a user device, determine whether the message includes a tag, identify at least one interaction the user device performed with an application responsive to determining that the message includes the tag, calculating a difference between a time the message was received and a time associated with the at least one identified interaction, determine whether the difference between the time the message was received and the time associated with the at least one identified interaction is within a threshold value, and associate the tag with the application associated with the at least one interaction responsive to determining that the difference between the time the message was received and the time associated with the at least one identified interaction is within the threshold value. 
         [0006]    According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a system includes a user device, and a processor operative to receive a message from a user device, determine whether the message includes a tag, identify at least one interaction the user device performed with an application responsive to determining that the message includes the tag, calculate a distance between a location the message was sent from and a location associated with the at least one identified interaction, determine whether the distance between the location the message was sent from and the location associated with the at least one identified interaction is within a threshold value, and associate the tag with the application associated with the at least one interaction responsive to determining that the distance between the location the message was sent from and the location associated with the at least one identified interaction is within the threshold value. 
         [0007]    Additional features and advantages are realized through the techniques of the present invention. Other embodiments and aspects of the invention are described in detail herein and are considered a part of the claimed invention. For a better understanding of the invention with the advantages and the features, refer to the description and to the drawings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0008]    The subject matter which is regarded as the invention is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the claims at the conclusion of the specification. The forgoing and other features, and advantages of the invention are apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: 
           [0009]      FIG. 1  illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a system. 
           [0010]      FIG. 2  illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary method for processing tags. 
           [0011]      FIG. 3  illustrates an application usage table. 
           [0012]      FIG. 4  illustrates an application table. 
           [0013]      FIG. 5  illustrates a tag table. 
           [0014]      FIG. 6  illustrates an application phone number table. 
           [0015]      FIG. 7  illustrates a block diagram of another exemplary method for processing tags. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0016]    In many mobile telephone service areas, some users may utilize voice features and texting or SMS features, but may not use other data services due to device or network limitations, or the cost of wireless data transmission over the networks. The illustrated embodiments described below allow a user to interact with a server in a session to perform a variety of tasks using text messaging or voice messaging features. The interaction is asynchronous because the session includes messages sent from a user device to a server or from a server to a user device without a constant connection (i.e., the communicative connection between the server and the device is defined by individual discrete messages sent between the server and the device.) Though the illustrated embodiments describe texting or SMS services, one of ordinary skill in the art would understand that any type similar messaging service including e-mail and instant messaging or voice messaging, which may be in some embodiments converted to textual messages or processed with voice recognition methods may be used in a similar manner as described below. 
         [0017]    Tagging is a term used to describe assigning metadata to a data object, session, content or service. Tags often include, for example, a word or phrase that is associated with data to describe the data. Thus, for example, tags such as “apples,” “produce,” or “fruit” may be associated with a session that is associated with a recipe for a salad. In practice, the tags may be used to search for data or identify data having particular tags. Often, tags may be entered and retrieved by users of a tagging system. 
         [0018]    In this regard,  FIG. 1  illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a system  100 . The system  100  includes a server or processor  102  that is communicatively connected to a memory or database  104 , a display device  106 , and an input device  108 . The server  102  is communicatively connected to a user device  110  that may include, for example, a mobile phone or other type of user device via a communications network  101  that may include, for example any suitable communications network that is capable of transmitting messages. The network  101  may also include conversion or gateway devices that are operative to convert messages and data into formats that may be processed by, the user device  110  and the server  102 . Though the illustrated embodiment includes one user device  110 , the system  100  may include any number of user devices  110 . The server  102  is operative to receive messages sent from the user device  110  that may be addressed to one or more phone numbers associated with the server  102 . For example, the user device may send a message to the server  102  by addressing the message to a particular phone number. The server  102  receives the message that includes the phone number of the sender; the phone number that the message was sent to; and the content of the message. The message may also include the time the message was sent, the location of the user device when the message was sent, or other information associated with the user device or message content. Though the illustrated embodiment includes the use of SMS messages and associated phone numbers, one of ordinary skill in the art would understand that a similar scheme may be implemented using other types of asynchronous messaging such as, for example, email or other messaging formats. 
         [0019]      FIG. 2  illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary method for processing tags in an asynchronous data session.  FIGS. 3-5  illustrate exemplary embodiments of tables that may be used in the illustrated method. The tables  300 ,  400 , and  500  may be stored in the database  104  and maintained by the server  102 . Referring to  FIG. 2 , in block  202  an asynchronous data session is conducted between the user device  110  (of  FIG. 1 ) and the server  102 . The session may include, for example, a series of messages sent between the user device  110  and the server  102 . In the illustrated embodiment, the sessions include the use of a recipe application (A 1 ) and a coupon application (A 2 ). In this regard, in an exemplary session, a user (U 1 ) looks up a recipe for pancakes from the recipe application by sending a message to the server  102  from the user device  110 . The server receives the message and sends a message having a recipe for pancakes to the user. Later, the user interacts with the coupon application to retrieve a coupon for an item the user is purchasing. The coupon application sends a message via the server  102  to the user device  110  that includes the relevant coupon information. During the sessions described above, the tables in  FIGS. 3 and 4  are populated. 
         [0020]    Referring to  FIG. 4 , table  400  includes an application table having an application ID field  402  that includes unique identifiers of applications and an application description field  404  that includes descriptions of the applications associated with the application identifiers. Referring to  FIG. 3 , table  300  includes an application usage table having an application ID field  302  that includes the unique identifier of an application, a user ID field  304  that includes a unique identifier of the user and/or user device  110 , a last user interaction field  306  that includes a time stamp of the last interaction the user had with the associated application, and a user location field  308  that may include a location of the user or user device  110  during the associated interaction. Referring back to  FIG. 2 , in block  202  the session the table  300  is populated with the user interactions, for example, the interaction described above with the recipe application is entered into the table  300  in entry  301 , while the interaction described above with the coupon application is entered into the table  300  in entry  303 . The entries in the table  300  may include a user location that may be, for example, based on a global positioning system (GPS) or other type of location scheme used by the user device  110  to locate a position of the device. Thus, the messages processed by the server  102  may include location data that identifies a location where the user device  110  sent a message. In the illustrated embodiment, the table  300  includes zip codes, however other location data including, for example, GPS coordinates or other similar location data may also be used. 
         [0021]    In block  204 , the server  102  receives a message from the user device  110 . In block  206 , the server determines whether the message includes a tag. The server  102  may make the determination by, for example, determining whether the message includes an indicator such as a word or phrase (e.g. “Tag:”). Alternatively, a phone number may be associated with tagging, such that the user enters tags into a message and sends the message to the phone number associated with tagging. Other alternatives are possible, such as, for example, text analysis of the message to extract words or phrases. Tags may be part of reviews or comments added during or after an activity. The server  102  receives the message addressed to the phone number associated with tagging and thus, identifies the data in the message as being tags. If the message includes a tag, a tagging service that may be implemented by the server  102  determines whether the message meets time and/or location criteria. For example, the time that the tag message was sent from may be determined by header or other information in the message. The location that the tag message was sent from may be determined from software installed on the phone (e.g., a GPS receiver) or from header information or other information in the message. The server  102  may use the message destination (phone number) from the SMS header to determine the application ID in the application phone number table  600 .  FIG. 6  illustrates an application phone number table  600  that includes a phone number field  602  and an application ID field  604 ; and is populated with entries that associate a phone number with an application ID. 
         [0022]    The server  102  uses the user ID to determine whether table  300  (of  FIG. 3 ) includes any application usage entries associated with the user ID. If there are application usage entries associated with the user ID (for example. A 1  and A 2  are associated with User ID U 1  in Table  300 ), then the server  102  may calculate for each retrieved application usage entry, a difference between the time the tag message was sent from the user device and the last user interaction time with the application ID retrieved from Table  300  and determine whether the difference is within a time threshold (e.g., 30 minutes). Alternate embodiments may include several methods for setting the time threshold. For example, one method may determine the likely maximum time for users to tag after starting an activity. For example, 90% of users complete shopping and tag within 30 minutes. The location of the user device the tag message was sent from may alternatively, or in conjunction with the time the message was received be used to determine whether the tag message meets the location criteria. For example, the server  102  may calculate a distance between the location the tag message was sent from, and the location in the table  300  and compare the distance with a threshold distance (e.g., in a same zip code). Alternate embodiments may include a variety of ways of setting the location threshold. For example, determine the likely maximum distance across which applications for an activity might be used may be determined. For example, 90% of users are likely to tag within the same zip code as the store. Thus, the user ID, time, and/or location associated with the tag message and relevant time and/or distance thresholds may be used to identify applications (i.e., application IDs) in the table  300 . In block  208 , the identified application(s) are associated with the tag received in the tag message. In the illustrated example, the user U 1  sends a tag message to the server  102  that includes the tag “Market.” If the tag message is sent from U 1  at 1405-1-1-2011 in the location 30040, the tag message would meet the criteria (i.e. is within an exemplary thirty minute time threshold, and sent from the same zip code 30040). In block  210 , the applications A 1  and A 2  are identified and associated with the tag “Market,” and the associated tag is saved.  FIG. 5  illustrates a table  500  that includes an application ID field  502  and a tag field  504 , which is populated in block  210  (of  FIG. 2 ). 
         [0023]    If the message does not contain a tag, then the user and application data are tracked in table  300 . As above, the time and/or location are determined. Then they are set into the last user interaction  306  and user location  308  fields together. Alternatively, if this is the first time a message was sent to this application from this user (the user is subscribing), a new row is added. 
         [0024]      FIG. 7  illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary method for retrieving tags performed by the system  100 . In this regard, in block  702 , the server  102  receives a message from a user device  110 . The message may be received from any user device  110 . In block  704 , the server  102  determines whether the message includes a request for data that includes a tag. For example, the user device (U 2 ) may send a message to the server  102  that includes a request for data or applications associated with the tag “Market.” If the message does not include a tag, the message may be processed for other relevant session activities in block  706 . If the message does include a request for data that includes a tag, the server  102  may use the table  500  (of  FIG. 5 ) to identify application ID(s) associated with the tag. In the illustrated embodiment, the application IDs A 1  and A 2  are associated with the tag “Market.” In cases where user tags do not match stored tags, various text processing techniques may be used to determine a degree of match. For example, “Market” may match the tag “Markets” or “Supermarket”. In block  710 , the server  102  sends a message associated with the applications A 1  and A 2  to the user device U 2   110 . In the illustrated embodiment, the message may include the tagged recipe for pancakes and the coupon tagged by the user U 1 . 
         [0025]    The system also allows the user to request the tags associated with a given application (the ‘tag cloud’). It does this by processing a message containing this request (“tags”) to the application (phone number). The server  102  then redirects this request to the tagging service. The server  102  uses table  500  to retrieve the tags associated with the application and return them to the requesting user (phone number). The tags may be ordered alphabetically. Alternatively, tags may be ordered by popularity, recency, and/or proximity. 
         [0026]    The technical effects and benefits of the methods and systems described above, allow a user to associate tags with sessions and applications in an asynchronous messaging system. The system also allows a user to retrieve data or initiate sessions using the asynchronous messaging system. 
         [0027]    As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, aspects of the present invention may be embodied as a system, method or computer program product. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects that may all generally be referred to herein as a “circuit,” “module” or “system.” Furthermore, aspects of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer readable medium(s) having computer readable program code embodied thereon. Any combination of one or more computer readable medium(s) may be utilized. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. 
         [0028]    A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. 
         [0029]    Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing. 
         [0030]    Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the “C” programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user&#39;s computer, partly on the user&#39;s computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user&#39;s computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user&#39;s computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider). 
         [0031]    Aspects of the present invention are described below with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable medium that can direct a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable medium produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide processes for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions. 
         [0032]    The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one more other features, integers, steps, operations, element components, and/or groups thereof. 
         [0033]    The corresponding structures, materials, acts, and equivalents of all means or step plus function elements in the claims below are intended to include any structure, material, or act for performing the function in combination with other claimed elements as specifically claimed. The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. 
         [0034]    The flow diagrams depicted herein are just one example. There may be many variations to this diagram or the steps (or operations) described therein without departing from the spirit of the invention. For instance, the steps may be performed in a differing order or steps may be added, deleted or modified. All of these variations are considered a part of the claimed invention. 
         [0035]    While the preferred embodiment to the invention had been described, it will be understood that those skilled in the art, both now and in the future, may make various improvements and enhancements which fall within the scope of the claims which follow. These claims should be construed to maintain the proper protection for the invention first described.