Abstract:
The parts for implementing the invention of the pump with high delivery and low head are illustrated in FIG.  1/10  which shows a tubular circuit bent in accordance with a circumference occupied by way of example by four 2-phase circuits fastened rigidly to a rotor. Each 2-phase circuit consists of a counterclockwise and a clockwise circuit whose direction is defined by two one-way valves each arranged at the beginning of the associated circuit. After the pump inlet the liquid is distributed through the inlets of the 2-phase circuits to the circuits C i  e C i′ . The forces of inertia stressing the liquid mass m c =m 0 /N c  of each circuit (where m c  is the total mass relative to the circumference and N c  is the number of circuits into which it is divided) are proportionate to the same mass m c . Accordingly the acceleration of m c  and the corresponding mean velocity V c  are independent of m c . As the cross section of each circuit is constant it follows that the delivery Q c  is also independent of N c  while the sum of the deliveries is Q 0 =N c  Q c  where Q 0  is the delivery at the inlet E 0  of the pump. The force of inertia f c  which stresses m c  is f c =f 0 /N c , where f 0  is the force of inertia relative to the summation of the absolute value of the forces stressing the circuits C i .  
     “Pump operating on rotational inertial forces with proportional delivery and head inversely proportional to the number of active circuits; also balancing of the moments of the inertial forces transmitted to the pump supporting frame and generation of rotor oscillatory motion”

Description:
DESCRIPTION  
         [0001]    The present invention relate to a pump operating on rotational inertial forces with proportional delivery and head inversely proportional to the number of active circuits with the possibility of balancing of the moments of the inertial forces transmitted to the pump supporting frame and generation of rotor oscillatory motion.  
           [0002]    The possibility of constructing a pump characterized by very high delivery and relatively small head is included in the unlimited field of application of the pump operating with rotational inertial forces.  
           [0003]    The combination of high delivery &amp; low head seems at first glance incompatible for a pump of the type proposed because a large delivery implies a large cross section of the active circuits which presupposes a large radius r o  of the active circuit with the square of which the head developed by the pump increases. But this can be remedied by dividing the circumference with a large radius r o  in a number N c  of active circuits of equal and reduced length which develop the same pressure inversely proportional to N ci  while the delivery of each active circuit is held constant. For this reason, by adding together the deliveries of the N, active circuits large resulting delivery N c Q c , reduced pressure p o /N c  and constant power N c Q c  p 0 /N c =Q c  p 0  are achieved. 
       
    
    
       [0004]    The description of the new pump is organized in the following paragraphs.  
         [0005]    A. Description of pump operation with the aid of the associated FIGS and including the following sections,  
         [0006]    A1. active pump circuits,  
         [0007]    A2. liquid distributors and connection thereof,  
         [0008]    A3. connection of the 2-phase circuit unions fastened to the rotor with the corresponding distribution unions,  
         [0009]    A4. lamellar device for creating independence of the clockwise and counterclockwise circuits of a 2-phase circuit, and  
         [0010]    A5. multiple delivery 4-phase pump and assembly diagram thereof.  
         [0011]    B. Balancing of the moments of the inertial forces generated by the oscillatory motion of the rotors and transmitted to the supporting frame,  
         [0012]    C. generation of rotor oscillatory motion,  
         [0013]    D. Claims.  
         [0014]    A1. Active Circuits of the Pump  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 1/ 10  shows the active circuit ring fastened on each rotor. It consists of a tube with circular longitudinal axis whose center is common to the axis O-O′ (FIGS.  8 / 10  &amp;  10 / 10 ) of the shaft around which the rotors rotate. The tube cross section is preferably square or rectangular with a pair of mutually parallel faces perpendicular to the axis O-O′ in order to use all available space and simplify application of inlet unions E i  (i=1, 2, 3, 4) on one of the above mentioned faces and outlet unions U i  (i=1, 2, 3, 4) on the other. On this tube is applied by way of example a number N cb =4 of identical 2-phase circuits CB i  each of which consists of one inlet E i , two 1-way valves V i  and V i′  (where i=1, 2, 3, 4 and i′−1′, 2′, 3′, 4′) arranged on the right and left of E i  and with mutually opposed consent direction, two active circuits one of which counterclockwise C i  and one clockwise C i′ , and one pair of outlets U i  each arranged at the end of the circuits C i  and C i′  of which one is used in common with the above active circuit and one with the following active circuit. The smaller number of N cb , equal to the unit, characterizes the pump described in EU patent application dated Mar. 30, 1999 and USA patent application dated May 17, 1999.  
         [0016]    The latter pump can thus be considered a special case for N cb =1 of the pump which is the subject matter of the present invention.  
         [0017]    The 2-phase multiple pump consists of the series made up of an assembly of identical 2-phase circuits arranged as shown in FIG. 1/ 10  and fastened on the rotor R 1  and by an identical assembly of circuits fastened to the rotor R 2 . The two rotors are subjected to oscillatory motion with identical frequency and relative phase other than 90°. In addition the series is made with the use of, (a) an inlet distributor D en  connecting the inlet E 01  of the 2-phase pump liquid with the inlets E i  of the circuits CB i  arranged on R 1 ; (b) an intermediate distributor D in  connecting the outlets of the circuits CB i  arranged on R 1  with the inlets of the circuits CB i  arranged on R 2 ; (c) an outlet distributor D us  connecting the outlets U i  of the circuits CB i  arranged on R 2  with the outlet U 02  of the pump.  
         [0018]    It is observed that (1) the distributor pair (D en , D in ) establishes the parallel of the circuits CB, fastened on R 1 ; the pair (D in , D us ) establishes the parallel of the circuits CB i  fastened on R 2 , while the set of three (D en , D in , ,D us ) establishes the series of the two parallels; (2) the liquid contained in each circuit of the assembly of circuits fastened on R 1  is stressed by identical inertial forces and therefore both the liquid of a circuit and the summation of the liquids of all the circuits fastened at R 1  have behaviour identical to that of a similar circuit with N cb =1. A 2-phase pump with N cb =1 has a number of active circuits N c =2, delivery Q=N c  Q c =2 Q c  and a head p s =p 0 /N c , =P 0 /2=p c /2 where p o  is the head developed by a circuit with radius r o  and length equal to that of the summation of the circuits C i  and C i′  contained in the circuit of FIG. 1/ 10 . Similarly the multiple pump proposed, assuming N cb =4 and identical radius r o , has a number of active circuits N c =8 and develops a head p s =p 0 /8 and delivery Q=8 Q c .  
         [0019]    For this reason the pump which is the subject matter of the present invention is designated hereinafter ‘multiple delivery pump’, it being understood that the multiplicity is given by a factor equal to the sum of the clockwise and counterclockwise active circuits fastened to each rotor arranged at the pump inlet.  
         [0020]    A2. Liquid Distributors  
         [0021]    The three following types of distributors are employed; (a) inlet distributor D en  which transfers the liquid from the pump source to the inlets of the circuits CB i  fastened to the first rotor; (b) the intermediate distributor D in  which distributes the liquid of the 2-phase circuit outlets fastened to the first rotor at the inlets of the circuits CB i  fastened to the next rotor; and (c) the outlet distributor D us  which transfers to the pump outlet the liquid of the outlets of the circuits CB i  fastened to the second rotor.  
         [0022]    The distributor D in  consists (see FIG. 2/ 10 ) of the hollow cylinder branch  1  to each end of which is applied a round plate fastend to cylinder  2  to prevent leaks of the liquid and fasten cylinder  1  in a position coaxial with shaft  3  around which the rotors rotate. The internal part  4  has the shape of a cylindrical ring included between the inside diameter of the cylinder  1  and the outside diameter of the cylinder  2 . The ring has the function of allowing passage of the liquid with constant speed from the inlet E i  (or outlet U i ) unions to the outlet U i  (or inlet E i ) unions applied to the exterior of the distributor. The unions are connected by flexible tubes to the outlet unions U i  and the inlet unions E i  respectively of the circuits CB i  fastened to the two side-by-side rotors. The axes of the inlet and outlet unions are arranged as shown in FIG. 2/ 10  on two distinct planes perpendicular to the rotation shaft  3 ; the two planes can coincide provided the space occupied by the unions allows it.  
         [0023]    The distributors (a) and (c) are distinguished from the distributor (b) by having only inlet (or outlet) unions while the outlet (or inlet) of the liquid can have an axis parallel or perpendicular to the rotor rotation axis.  
         [0024]    A3. Connection of the 2-Phase Circuit Unions Fastened to the Rotor with the Corresponding Distributor Unions  
         [0025]    The liquid is transferred from the outlets U i  (i=1,2,3,4) of the distributor (see FIG. 3/ 10 ) at the inlets E i  of the 2-phase circuit CB i  with the employment of four flexible tubes whose axes are arranged in a plane perpendicular to the rotor rotation shaft in order to prevent torsion stresses in them. In addition, opposite the maximum rotor speed oscillation angle the flexible connection tube axis is bent in a circumferential arc while the inlet and outlet unions are bent in such a manner that at the connecting points the tangent in each of the two end points of the flexible tube axis coincides with the tangent to the axis of the associated union. This is in order to reduce to a minimum the stresses on the flexible tube. The same diagram is used for the inlets of the 2-phase circuits to be connected with the distributor outlets.  
         [0026]    The two unions to be connected one of which is fastened to the ring of the active circuits and the other to the distributor ring can have a rectangular or round cross section. The rectangular cross section of the flexible tube union is found by extending parallel to the rotor rotation axis the rectangular inlet or outlet cross section of the 2-phase circuit from which is derived the required union with the major side parallel to said axis. The rectangular cross section has the following advantages, to wit, (1) it makes use of the surface occupied without the presence of unused surfaces as with the circular cross section; (2) the minor side of the union cross section is arranged on a plane at right angles to the rotor rotation axis and occupies a circumferential arc of the ring of the active circuit and distributor whose length is adjustable by choosing the length of the major side of the cross section; this gives the number of 2-phase circuits necessary for having the required delivery multiplication factor of the delivery of the active circuits; (3) the rectangular cross section of the ring facilitates application of the inlet and outlet unions on two opposite faces of the active circuit ring; (4) the flexible connection tubes have reduced bending stress due to the limited length of the minor side of the cross section; and (5) the rectangular cross section of the flexible tubes is made non-deformable with resistant material filaments arranged parallel to the minor side of the section.  
         [0027]    A4. Lamellar Device for Creating Independence of the Clockwise and Counterclockwise Circuits of a 2-Phase Circuit  
         [0028]    The device is basically made up of the laminations  3  and  4  of FIG. 5/ 10  welded at the sides on the base opposite that of side inlet (or outlet) union  2  of the liquid in such a manner as to separate the liquid of the clockwise circuit from that of the counterclockwise circuit. The two laminations are connected to the inlet (or outlet) of union  2  in such a manner as to form common segment  6  visible in FIG. 4/ 10  which is the side view of the union  2  with a round cross section. The independence of the two circuits is useful in reducing water leaks at the inlet and outlet of the 2-phase circuit.  
         [0029]    A5. Multiple Delivery 4-Phase Pump and Assembly Diagram thereof  
         [0030]    The multiple delivery 4-phase pump (see FIG. 6/ 10 ) consists of four rotors R 1 , R 2 , R 11 , R 22  oscillating around a shaft (see FIG. 8/ 10 ) or around two shafts (see FIG. 10/ 10 ) with relative phase of 0°, 90°, 180°, 270° respectively. Each rotor pair (R 1 ,R 2 ), (R 11 ,R 22 ) on each of which is fastened an assembly consisting for example of four identical 2-phase circuits as shown in FIG. 1/ 10  constitutes a multiple 2-phase pump with relative inlet phase (0°, 180°) e (−90°, +90°) respectively. In the pump associated with the pair (R 1 ,R 2 ) the liquid has a path divided in the following stages, to wit, inlet E 01 , inlet distributor D en , inlets and outlets of the 2-phase circuits fastened to R 1  connected respectively with flexible tubes to the distributors D en  and D in , inlets and outlets of the 2-phase circuits fastened to R 2  and connected with flexible tubes to the distributors D in  e D us  respectively, and outlet U 02  of the 2-phase pump (R 1 ; R 2 ) connected with the outlet U 0  of the multiple 4-phase pump. A similar path is followed by the liquid of the 2-phase pump (R 22 ; R 11 ), which departs from the inlet E 022  located in parallel with E 01  and connected to the inlet E 0  of the pump, traverses the inlet distributor D′ en , the circuits fastened to the rotor R 22 , the intermediate distributor D′ in , the circuits fastened to the rotor R 11 , the outlet distributor D′ us , and the outlet U 011  of the 2-phase multiple pump (R 22 ; R 11 ) connected with the outlet U 0  of the multiple 4-phase pump.  
         [0031]    B. Balancing the Inertial Force Moments Generated by the Oscillatory Motion of the Rotors Transmitted to the Supporting Frame  
         [0032]    For reduced powers and rotation speeds the moments transmitted to the supporting frame can be balanced by the frame itself with a suitable form or by constraining the frame to the floor on which it rests. For higher powers it is necessary to provide that the summation of said moments is null at all times. To achieve this result it is necessary to employ four identical rotors R 1 , R 2 , R 11 , R 22  which, assuming sinusoidal oscillatory motion, must oscillate at the same frequency and relative phase of 0°, 90°, 180°, 270° respectively. In addition the four rotors must have the same moment of inertia as their rotation axis. The multiple delivery 4-phase pump built with four oscillating rotors as specified above meets this condition. For the multiple delivery 2-phase pump with circuits installed on two rotors, balancing requires the introduction of two oscilating flywheels as set forth above and having moment of inertia the same as that of each rotor. This system can be useful due to its lesser space occupied and smaller construction cost, for example for pumps with large delivery and small relative head.  
         [0033]    C. Rotor Oscillatory Motion Generation  
         [0034]    For pump rotor oscillatory motion generation the three following cases are taken into consideration.  
         [0035]    (a) Oscillatory motion of the four rotors R i  (i=1, 2, 11, 22) of a multiple delivery 4-phase pump around a single shaft generated with a connecting-rod &amp; crank system. The basic components are (see FIGS. 7, 8,  9 ,  10 ) (1) a single shaft  2  fastened to the supporting frame  1  to which are applied bearings  3  around which can rotate rotors R i ; (2) a shaft of the crank  5  parallel to the shaft  2  and rotating on bearings fastened to the frame  1 ; and (3) the four connecting rods  8  which transmit oscillatory motion to the rotors. On each rotor is fastened a gudgeon  9  at a predetermined distance from the axis of the shaft  2 . On shaft  5  are fastened four identical cranks  6  whose pins  7  have relative phases of 0°, 90°, 180°, 270°. In addition each of the four pin &amp; gudgeon pairs is connected to a connecting rod  8  so that the rotary motion of the shaft  5  causes the oscillatory motion of the rotors R i  in accordance with the intended modalities.  
         [0036]    (b) Oscillatory motion on a single shaft of the four rotors R i  (i=1, 2, 11, 22) of a multiple delivery 4-phase pump generated by bearings applied to the crank pins. The mechanism (see FIG. 9/ 10 ) proposed for EU and USA patents as set forth above is made up of a shaft of the cranks  1  having axis O 1 -O′ 1  to which for each of the four rotors R i  (i=1, 2, 11, 22) is fastened a crank  2  to which is applied a pin  3  having an axis O 2 -O′ 2  parallel to the axis O-O′ of the rotation shaft of the rotors  6  and the above mentioned associated phase. To each pin is applied a bearing whose outer ring  4  rotates alternately and with close tolerance on one of the two parallel plates  5  fastened rigidly to each rotor R i  in a position symmetrical with the axis O-O′. In this manner there is a periodic oscillatory motion of each rotor R i  around the axis O-O′ for the rotation of the crankshaft on bearings fastened to the supporting frame. The motion is defined by the distance OO 1  and O 1 O 2  of the corresponding axes.  
         [0037]    (c) Oscillatory motion of the two rotor pairs (R 1 ; R 2 ) and (R 11 ; R 22 ) of a multiple delivery 4-phase pump around two parallel shafts generated by a connecting-rod &amp; crankshaft system. The basic components of the mechanical system (see FIG. 10/ 10 ) are (1) two parallel shafts  2  and  5  fastened to the supporting frame  1  around each of which can rotate on the bearings  3  the two rotor pairs (R 1 ; R 2 ) and (R 11 ; R 22 ); (2) a crank shaft  4  which, arranged in a position symmetrical to the shafts  2  and  5 , can rotate on bearings fastened to the supporting frame  1 ; and (3) four connecting rods  7  transmitting motion from the shaft  4  to the rotors R 1 . On each rotor is fastened a gudgeon with the same distance from the axes of the corresponding shafts  2  and  5 . On the shaft  4  are fastened four identical cranks whose pins  6  have relative phases 0°, 90°, 80°, 270°. Each pin &amp; gudgeon pair is connected by a connecting rod  7  so that for the rotary motion of the crank shaft  4  there is corresonding oscillatory motion of the rotors with the intended characteristics. The two rotor pairs (R 1 ; R 2 ) and (R 11 ; R 22 ) are arranged on opposite sides of a plane perpendicular to the rotation shafts so that the two inlets and two outlets of the component multiple delivery 2-phase pump pair are side-by-side on opposite sides of said plane. This avoids laborious secondary connections.