Abstract:
A light quantity control apparatus arranging a first base plate mounted with at least two drive means having optical axes and a shutter blade on said first base plate, further overlapping a stop blade and a second base plate via an intermediate plate comprising:  
     establishing on said first base plate a protruding guide to swingingly guide said shutter blades, forming an inclined surface gradually narrowing a gap with said intermediate plate near said protruding guide closing region and/or opening region, said shutter blade comprising at least two blade members overlapped vertically for, said protruding guide comprising a first guide member to guide the upper blade overlapped and a second guide member to guide said inclined surface to said second guide member preventing rebounds when opening and closing shutter blades.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0002]    The present invention relates to a light quantity control apparatus used in various camera devices such as video cameras and still cameras. Specifically, it relates to a light quantity control apparatus such as a diaphragm for regulating the amount of light in a photographing operation or a shutter for blocking the light in a photographing operation.  
           [0003]    2. Description of the Related Arts  
           [0004]    This type of light quantity control apparatus is comprised of a ring shape base plate integrated in the photographing lens part and has an optical axis aperture, one or a plurality of blade members being revolvingly mounted to this base plate and border on the aperture, and an electro-magnetic drive unit interlocked to the blade member and mounted to said base plate. By applying an electric current to this electro-magnetic drive unit, said blade member revolves and the aperture is blocked or the diameter of the aperture is reduced.  
           [0005]    Tokkaihei 10-221740 describes shutter blades that block the optical axis aperture and the stop blades that regulate the size of the optical axis aperture overlapped on one base plate via an intermediate plate to adjust the quantity of light and to open and close the shutter.  
           [0006]    Such a structure has the problem of the blade members rebounding and returning to the opposite direction when they are closed if opened or closed with force at high speed. This problem is notable with a stopper means to regulate that operation is established between the drive device and the blade members. Conventionally, the amount of rebounding is considered so the range for blade movement is enlarged. Therefore, the light quantity control apparatus becomes larger thereby creating the problem of difficulty in incorporating them into a lens barrel where space is limited.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0007]    An object of the present invention is to provide a light quantity control apparatus that has a small diameter around the optical axis of a photographic lens enabling arrangement and is capable of securely opening and closing blade members at high speeds.  
           [0008]    In order to achieve the aforementioned purpose, this invention is composed as follows.  
           [0009]    First, at least two drive means are mounted to the first base plate having an optical axis and shutter blades are arranged to the first base plate. Next, the light quantity apparatus comprising the overlapping of an intermediate plate, stop blades and the second base plate in that order and establishing on the first base plate a protruding guide to guide the swinging of the shutter blades. Near the closing region and/or the opening region of this protruding guide an inclined surface is formed to gradually narrow the gap with the intermediate plate. Further, the shutter blades are formed by the vertical overlapping of at least two blade materials. The protruding guide is composed of a first guide member to guide the upper level blade and a second guide member to guide the lower level blade. The second guide member is formed with an inclined surface so it is possible to prevent the rebounding of the shutter blades when they are opened or closed.  
           [0010]    In addition, these two guide members can be configured so that the first guide member is higher than the second guide member and that difference in height is part larger than the thickness of the shutter blade and that difference in height is smaller than the thickness of the shutter blade or the second guide member side is configured so that the oblique portion becomes larger thereby comprising an operating part in which more than two shutter blade members have little friction and a control portion which conversely has large friction for optimum closing and opening.  
           [0011]    Also, it is possible for the structure of this invention to have a plurality of protrusion guides formed in the shutter&#39;s opening and closing region.  
           [0012]    First, the optimum embodiment is to have at least two drive means mounted to the first base plate having an optical axis and shutter blades arranged to the first base plate. Next, the light quantity apparatus comprises the overlapping of an intermediate plate, stop blades and the second base plate in that order and establishes an interlock means to interlock one of the aforementioned drive means and the aforementioned shutter blades, a stopper means to regulate the opening region and closing region, a protruding guide to guide the swinging of the shutter blades disposed on the first base plate and near the closing region and/or the opening region of this protruding guide an inclined surface is formed to gradually narrow the gap with the intermediate plate. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0013]    [0013]FIG. 1 is a FIG. showing an embodiment of the present invention and it is an exploded plan view showing the front side of a light quantity control apparatus.  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 2 is a FIG. showing an embodiment of the present invention and it is an exploded plan view showing the back side of a light quantity control apparatus.  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 3( a ) is a FIG. showing an embodiment of the present invention and it is a partial cross-sectional view showing the required parts of a light quantity control apparatus.  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 3( b ) is a FIG. showing an embodiment of the present invention and it is a partial cross-sectional view showing the required parts of a light quantity control apparatus.  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 4 is a FIG. showing an embodiment of the present invention and it is a partial cross-sectional view showing the required parts of a light quantity control apparatus.  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 5 is a FIG. showing an embodiment of the present invention and it is a top view showing the required parts of a drive unit in a light quantity control apparatus.  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 6 is a FIG. showing an embodiment of the present invention and it is a top view showing the required parts of a drive unit in a light quantity control apparatus.  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 7 is a FIG. showing an embodiment of the present invention and it is a plan view showing a camera device integrated with a light quantity control apparatus.  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 8 is a FIG. showing an embodiment of the present invention and it is a schematic view showing the control circuit of a camera device integrated with a light quantity control apparatus.  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 9 is a FIG. showing an embodiment of the present invention and it is a timing chart for a camera device integrated with a light quantity control apparatus.  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 10 is a FIG. showing another embodiment of the present invention and it is a perspective view of the essential parts of a light quantity control apparatus. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0024]    The following is a detailed explanation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention based on the FIGS. provided.  
         [0025]    Below, working modes of the present invention will be explained based on the embodiments shown in the FIGS.  
         [0026]    Initially, the light quantity control apparatus in the present invention is composed by superposing shutter blades  3 , a middle plate  4 , and a diaphragm blade  5  in this order between a pair of top and bottom base plates  1  and  2  as shown in FIG. 1. In addition, drive units (actuators)  6  and  7  (shown in FIG. 2), which open and close the shutter blades  3  and the diaphragm blade  5  separately are mounted to one of the base plates (the first base plate  1 ).  
         [0027]    The opened state of the shutter blades  3  is shown at the side of the closed state.  
         [0028]    The material of the first base plate  1  is a synthetic resin and is a molded product of, for example, polycarbonate resin mixed with 15% carbon fiber, and it is molded into a shape capable of being integrated to fit with the lens-barrel to be discussed later. As the size of the base plate  1  in the FIG., the diameter is 20 mm in conformance with the recent miniaturization of the lens-barrel.  
         [0029]    An aperture  8  is provided to this base plate  1  so that the optical axis indicated with X-X in FIG. 1 is positioned at the center. On the front surface side thereof shown in FIG. 1, pins  9  and  10  composing the rotation axes of the shutter blades  3  and a pin  11  composing the rotation axis of the diaphragm blade  5  are formed integral to the base plate  1 . Pin members not integral to the base plate  1  can be mounted to the base plate  1  instead as these pins  9 ,  10 , and  11 . It is also possible to dispose these pins on the second base plate  2  side. The number thereof and the arranged positions are determined by the number of shutter blades and diaphragm blades to be discussed later.  
         [0030]    On the surface of the aforementioned first base plate  1 , protruding guides  12  and  13  are provided for guiding the shutter blades  3  to the vicinity of the aperture  8 . In the embodiment shown in the FIG., the shutter blades are composed of two blades thus two protruding guides are provided, namely, the guide  12  for supporting the bottom blade  3   a  out of the two shutter blades superposed on the first base plate and the guide  13  for supporting the top blade  3   b.  These protruding guides are formed into a rib shape within the moving track of the respective blade to make the sliding motion of the blades  3   a  and  3   b  smooth. As the form thereof, it is possible to arrange plural protrusions at a parallel in the moving direction or form a plurality of protrusions in a concentric circle.  
         [0031]    The guide  12 , which guides the bottom blade  3   a  out of the two superposed shutter blades, is constituted from a rib of uniform height so as to support the blade with the plane, which crosses the optical axis.  
         [0032]    Similarly, even the guide  13 , which guides the top blade  3   b,  is constituted from a rib of uniform height so as to support the blade with the plane, which crosses the optical axis.  
         [0033]    Difference in height is provided to these guides  12  and  13  so that a small gap (space) is formed between the superposed blades  3   a  and  3   b.  The guide  12 , which supports the bottom blade  3   a,  is low and the guide  13 , which supports the top blade  3   b,  is high.  
         [0034]    In the embodiment shown in the FIG., difference in height is set at 0.2 mm for the guides  12  and  13  when thickness of the blade  3   a  is 0.04 mm so that a gap of 0.16 mm is formed between the blades  3   a  and  3   b.    
         [0035]    Note that a slanted surface  12   s  which gradually becomes higher in the close area of the blade  3   a  is provided to the aforementioned guide  12 . The function of this structure will be discussed later.  
         [0036]    With regards to the shutter blades  3 , various configurations are already known such as two blades, four blades, etc. but what is indicated in the FIG. shows a configuration with two blades as one example. Regular shutter blades are fabricated by die cutting an aluminum thin plate then applying a coating of a black anodic oxide coating. However, in this case, the thickness of the aluminum thin plate is about 0.3 mm, the material is metal, and the specific gravity is high so the inertia of the shutter blades becomes great. In this case, the torque of the drive unit at the start and the bound of the shutter blades at the end create a problem when the blades are opened and closed at a high speed.  
         [0037]    Therefore, the shutter blades shown in the FIG. are fabricated by die cutting a resin film of thickness 0.04 mm. This resin film is fabricated by annealing a polyester film containing black pigment then applying a mat coating having shielding property.  
         [0038]    The two blades  3   a  and  3   b  shown in the FIG. have arc shape curved parts  31   a  and  31   b  on the inside so as to open and close the aperture  8  by dividing into two. Also, the leading ends  32   a  and  32   b  thereof are formed to overlap even in the completely opened state. Engaging holes  33   a  and  33   b  which mate with the pins  9  and  10  formed to the aforementioned first base plate  1  are formed at the base end parts of the blades and these blades  3   a  and  3   b  open and close the aperture by swinging to the left and right with pins  9  and  10  as the center.  
         [0039]    After the shutter blades  3  are integrated to the first base plate  1  in the manner noted above, the diaphragm blade  5  is integrated. However, in order to prevent the mutual interference of the shutter blades  3  and the diaphragm blade  5 , a middle plate  4  with the following configuration is provided. The middle plate  4  is composed from a flat plate member and is mounted to the first base plate  1 , which is integrated with the shutter blades  3 , by installing to the projecting parts  15   a,    15   b,    15   c,  and  15   d  provided to the first base plate and forming a small gap between the shutter blades  3 . The dimension of this small gap is from 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm. The middle plate  4  has positioning holes  41  and  42 , these positioning holes mate with the positioning pins  16  and  17  formed to the first substrate  1 , and the position thereof is guaranteed.  
         [0040]    Note that the receiving parts  14   a  and  14   b  for the securing screws used to mount the second base plate  2  to be discussed later and provided to the first base plate  1  are avoided with the cutout parts  43  in the middle plate  4 .  
         [0041]    [0041] 44  denoted in the FIG. is the recess hole for the pins  9  and  10  in the base plate  1  and  45  and  46  denoted in the FIG. are the recess holes for the transmission member for the drive unit to be discussed later.  
         [0042]    Next, the method for forming the middle plate  4  will be explained. This middle plate  4  is fabricated by die cutting a thin plate such as aluminum, etc. according to press working then applying a surface treatment of anodic oxide coating. In this case, the middle plate is mounted to the first base plate by facing the burr surface created by the press working to the diaphragm blade side and the opposite surface to the shutter blade side.  
         [0043]    By press working a thin plate and fabricating the middle plate  4  in the manner noted above, it is possible to be made thinner by about a few millimeters when compared with a case of fabricating this by molding a synthetic resin.  
         [0044]    The middle plate  4  shown in the FIG. is fabricated by die cutting a resin film of thickness 0.04 mm in the same manner as the shutter blades  3 . This resin film is fabricated by annealing a polyester film containing black pigment then applying a mat coating having shielding property.  
         [0045]    Even in this case, the middle plate is mounted on the first base plate by facing the burr surface created in the machining to the diaphragm blade side and the opposite surface to the shutter blade side.  
         [0046]    Next, the configuration of the diaphragm blade  5  will be explained. As the diaphragm blade  5 , various configurations are known such as the double blade configuration in addition to the single blade configuration shown in the FIG. and many of these can be applied to the present invention. The diaphragm blade  5  shown in the FIG. is fabricated by die cutting a resin film of 0.04 mm thickness. This resin film is fabricated by annealing a polyester film containing black pigment then applying a mat coating having shielding property.  
         [0047]    Namely, the shutter blade, the middle plate, and the diaphragm blade shown in the FIG. are all fabricated by die cutting the same material so these three parts can be die cut in the same process during the manufacturing process. Therefore, the cost merit is great.  
         [0048]    To this diaphragm blade  5 , an aperture  8 , an engaging hole  51  for the pin  11  formed to the first base plate, and a slit  52  which engages with the transmission member of the drive unit to be discussed later are formed.  
         [0049]    Note that the pin  11  formed to the first base plate  1  is composed to mate with the engaging hole  51  in the diaphragm blade  5  by penetrating the recess hole  45  in the middle plate  4 .  
         [0050]    As noted above, the shutter blades  3 , the middle plate  4 , and the diaphragm blade  5  are integrated to the first base plate  1  by being superposed in this order and the configurational parts are fixed by mounting a second base plate  2  on the first base plate  1  in a state of having interposed the middle plate  4  as shown in FIG. 3( a ) and FIG. 3( b ).  
         [0051]    The second base plate  2  is fabricated by punching a metal plate such as aluminum, etc., an aperture  8  is formed at the center part thereof, and holes  21   a,    21   b,    21   c,  and  21   d  which mate with the pins  9 ,  10 ,  16 , and  17  formed to base plate  1  are formed at the peripheral part. In this second base plate  2 , dowel shape projecting parts  22   a,    22   b,    22   c,  and  22   d  projecting toward the back side of the paper surface in FIG. 1 are formed by machining at positions for joining with the projecting parts  15   a,    15   b,    15   c,  and  15   d  of the aforementioned first base plate  1 .  
         [0052]    Therefore, the aforementioned middle plate  4  is interposed between the projecting parts  15   a,    15   b,    15   c,  and  15   d  of the first base plate  1  and the projecting parts  22   a,    22   b,    22   c,  and  22   d  of the second base plate  2  then fixed by coupling the two base plates with securing screws  60 . Also, the shutter blades  3   a  and  3   b  are supported between this middle plate  4  and the protruding guides  12  and  13  of the first base plate  1  and the diaphragm blade  5  is supported between this middle plate  4  and the second base plate  2 .  
         [0053]    Note that what was fabricated by punching a black polyester film into the shape shown in the FIG. was shown as said diaphragm blade  5  but it is also possible to adhere a ND filter (neutral density filter) so as to cover the aperture  8  in the diaphragm blade  5 .  
         [0054]    Next, the drive unit for opening and closing the shutter blades  3  and the diaphragm blade  5  having the aforementioned configuration will be explained.  
         [0055]    On the back face of the aforementioned first base plate  1  (shown in FIG. 2), a drive unit  6  for the shutter blades and a drive unit  7  for the diaphragm blade are mounted in identical configuration.  
         [0056]    The two drive units  6  and  7  will be described by denoting with identical numbers. Flanges  61  and  62  are formed to the first base plate  1  to be integral to the first base plate  1 . A bracket shape holding member  63  is mounted to these two flanges  61  and  62  with securing screws  64 . A magnet rotor  65 , magnetic force inducing members  66  and  67 , and a coil  68  are held between the back face of the first base plate  1  and the holding member  63 .  
         [0057]    Initially, the magnet rotor  65  is composed integrally by press fitting a shaft member  65   b  made of a synthetic resin into a cylindrical shape magnet  65   a  of a ferro-magnetic material (e.g., rare earth magnet) polarized for NS to oppose. An arm shape transmission member  69  is formed integral to this shaft member  65   b  and this arm shape transmission member  69  engages with the slits  34   a,    34   b,  and  52  in the blade members  3  and  5 .  
         [0058]    Also, the coil  68  is constituted by winding a conductor in a spiral shape on a coil frame  68   a  of hollow cylindrical shape (prismatic shape in the coil frame shown in the FIG.) and this coil  68  has a cylindrical shape as a whole.  
         [0059]    These cylindrical shape magnet rotor  65  and coil  68  are arranged by placing the axial direction at a parallel to the direction of the optical axis (X-X). This is based on the common knowledge that arranging the cylindrical magnet rotor  65  and the coil  68  by conforming the direction can minimize the occupying space of these, and furthermore, that arranging these at a parallel in the direction of the optical axis is most effective.  
         [0060]    Said magnet rotor  65  and coil  68  are mounted as follows between the first base plate  1  and the holding member  63 . Initially, the magnet rotor  65  is supported rotatably by mating the two ends of the shaft  65   b  thereof with the mating hole  70  in the first base plate  1  and the mating hole  71  in the holding member  63 . The coil  68  is supported by being interposed between a pair of magnetic force inducing members  66  and  67  to be subsequently explained and these magnetic force inducing members  66  and  67  are fixed between the first base plate  1  and the holding member  63 .  
         [0061]    The coil  68  and the magnet rotor  65  arranged at a parallel as described above are magnetically interlocked such that the magnetic field created in this coil forms  2  poles NS in the pair of magnetic force inducing members  66  and  67  at the periphery of the magnet rotor  65 .  
         [0062]    Namely, the base end parts  66   a  and  67   a  of the magnetic force inducing members  66  and  67  are mated with the hollow open ends of the coil  68 . Consequently, the base ends thereof are arranged within the magnetic field created in the coil and the leading ends  66   b  and  67   b  of said members are opposingly arranged at the periphery of the magnet rotor  65  with a small space between the magnet rotor  65 .  
         [0063]    There are mounting parts  66   c  and  67   c  at the center section of these magnetic force inducing members  66  and  67 . The magnetic force inducing members  66  and  67  are fixed by contacting these mounting parts  66   c  and  67   c  to the first base plate  1  and the holding member  63  and securing the holding member with screws.  
         [0064]    Mounting parts  66   c  and  67   c  are positioned by mating the dowels  66   e  and  67   e  formed to these mounting parts with the hole  72  in the first base plate  1  and the hole  73  in the holding member  63 . Then, the base end parts  66   a  and  67   a  of the magnetic force inducing member  63  are assembled and fixed between the base plate  1  and the holding plate  63  with distance L being maintained as shown in FIG. 1. At this time, the magnetic force inducing members  66  and  67  are provided with bending parts  66   f  and  67   f  in at least one section and the leading ends  66   b  and  67   b  thereof form magnetic poles at approximately the center of length L in the lengthwise direction of the coil  68 .  
         [0065]    In the embodiment shown in the FIG., length m in the lengthwise direction of the magnet rotor  65  is shorter than direction L in the lengthwise direction of the coil  68  and has a relationship of L&gt;m. Therefore, whereas the back face of the first base plate  1  is formed to be more or less flat, difference in level  72  is provided on the holding member (bracket)  63  side and a large coil mounting space L and a small rotor mounting space m are formed between the first base plate  1  and the holding member  63 .  
         [0066]    Therefore, one bending part  66   f  is bent slightly and the other bending part  67   f  is bent greatly in the aforementioned magnetic force inducing members  66  and  67 . However, it is preferable for the amount of bending to be equal so that the magnetic resistances of the aforementioned magnetic force inducing members  66  and  67  can be equalized. However, the amount of bending can be biased to one side based on the regulation in the layout of the other configurational parts as shown in the FIGS.  
         [0067]    The following magnetic fields are created in the aforementioned drive units  6  and  7 .  
         [0068]    The aforementioned magnet rotor  65  is polarized so that two poles N-S are opposed and set apart by 180 degrees. At the periphery of this magnet rotor  65 , the leading ends  66   b  and  67   b  of the pair of magnetic force inducing members  66  and  67  are opposingly arranged and set apart by 180 degrees and the positions of these leading end curved parts  66   b  and  67   b  are set to minimize the distance to the rotor  65  to the utmost.  
         [0069]    Therefore, the rotor  65  is constantly being attracted to either the leading end curved part  66   b  or  67   b  which ever is closer during a state of non-conduction to the coil  68 . During a state of conduction to the coil  68 , magnetic pole of either N-S is formed at the leading end curved parts  66   b  and  67   b  and receives a rotating force in the opposite direction. Then the rotating angle of said rotor  65  is regulated by the slits  74  and  75  formed to the first base plate  1  to be the open position shown in FIG. 5 and the close position shown in FIG. 6. Namely, the rotor  65  in the position shown in FIG. 5 is receiving a rotating force in the counterclockwise direction during a state of non-conduction to the coil, is stopped at the end parts of the slits  74  and  75 , and is held at this position.  
         [0070]    Next, when electric current is fed to the coil  68  and the same magnetic pole as the magnetic pole of the magnet rotor is formed in the magnetic force inducing members  66   b  and  67   b,  the rotor  65  rotates in the clockwise direction due to the repulsion of magnetism. When the electric current is cutoff at the section pass the neutral point of the rotation, the magnetic pole of the rotor  65  is attracted to the magnetic force inducing members  66   b  and  67   b  on the opposite side and the rotor  65  rotates in the clockwise direction until being stopped at the end parts of the slits  74  and  75  shown in FIG. 6. The blades take on the closed state from the opened state and held at this position. Also, when electric current of inverse direction is conducted to the coil  68 , the blades take on the opened state from the closed state.  
         [0071]    Next, the light quantity control apparatus is incorporated into, for example, a camera device shown in FIG. 7.  
         [0072]    The aforementioned light quantity control apparatus ( 160  in FIGS. 1 and 2) is incorporated between the front lens group  140  and the rear lens group  150  which are mounted in a plurality of lens configurations inside of the lens unit (lens-barrel)  110  provided to the camera body  100 .  
         [0073]    Then, a photoelectric conversion element  190  such as CCD, which converts light into electricity, is provided to the lens unit  110 . Also, this photoelectric conversion element  190  is electrically connected to the control base plate  180  on the camera body  100  side and the timing for feeding power is controlled. A microcomputer for controlling the device is integrated to this control base plate  180  and photography is executed with the operation of a shutter button  200 .  
         [0074]    The control circuit of this camera device will be described according to FIG. 8.  
         [0075]    [0075] 3  denotes a shutter blade and  5  denotes a diaphragm blade. EMO denotes an electro-magnetic drive means for driving the diaphragm and SMO denotes an electro-magnetic drive means for driving the shutter. Also,  140  denotes a front lens,  150  denotes a rear lens,  190  denotes a photo-electric conversion element, GPS denotes a picture signal processing circuit which executes a storing process, etc. of picture signals output from the photoelectric conversion element  190 , SW 1  denotes a release switch operated with a shutter button  200 , SW 2  denotes a main switch, and CPU denotes a microcomputer. Furthermore, SMC denotes a shutter driving circuit which feeds drive signals to the electro-magnetic drive means SMO, EMC denotes a diaphragm driving circuit which feeds drive signals to the electro-magnetic drive means EMO, and CCD-MC denotes an electronic shutter control circuit which controls the charge storage and charge discharge in the photoelectric conversion element  190 .  
         [0076]    The operation of the device will be described according to FIG. 9.  
         [0077]    In the non-operating state of the device, the shutter blades  3  are initially set in the opened state shown on the right side of FIG. 1 and the diaphragm blade  5  is in the completely opened state indicated with the solid line in FIG. 1.  
         [0078]    When power is input to the camera main body in this state and set to the photographing state, light from the subject is received in the CCD and the aforementioned microcomputer sets the diaphragm value. The diaphragm values indicated in the FIG. are in two stages and the microcomputer sets to either the completely opened state (the state indicated with the solid line in FIG. 1) at which the diaphragm blade does not regulate the aperture  8  and the closed state (the state indicated with the diagonal double dash line in FIG. 1) at which the aperture is reduced to a small diameter. Presently, if the shutter button  200  is operated and the microcomputer sets the aperture to a reduced diameter, the diaphragm driving circuit EMC functions to apply an electric current to the coil  68  of the drive unit  7 . Then, the diaphragm blade  5  moves to the state indicated with the diagonal double dash line in FIG. 1 from the state indicated with the solid line in FIG. 1 and the aperture  8  takes on a state of reduced diameter. Then, even after the supply of power is cutoff, the blade  5  maintains a state of reduced diameter due to the magnet  65   a  of the magnet rotor  65  being attracted to the magnetic force inducing member  66   b.  Also, the aforementioned microcomputer computes the exposure time, resets the charge in the photoelectric conversion element  190  after the lapse of a prescribed delay time, and generates an instruction signal to close the shutter blades  3 . Then, the light from the subject is stored as charge in the photoelectric conversion element  190 , which was reset. The shutter driving circuit SMC then receives an indication signal to close the blades  3  and applies a predetermined current to the coil  68  of the drive unit  6 . Then, the shutter blades  3  become closed as indicated on the left side of FIG. 1 from the opened state indicated on the right side of FIG. 1, storage of charge in the photoelectric conversion element  190  ends, and this charge is transmitted to an internal or an external memory from the picture signal processing circuit GPS with the receiving of a signal from the computer then stored as picture signals. Thereafter, by current being fed to the drive unit  7  of the diaphragm blade  5  based on the signal from the computer, this blade evacuates from the aperture  8 . By the shutter blades  4  also being fed with current at the drive coil thereof, restoration is made to the opened state from the closed state. Then, it stands by for the next photographing operation.  
         [0079]    Note that if the aforementioned microcomputer has set the diaphragm value to the completely opened state, a signal is not generated in the aforementioned diaphragm drive circuit EMC and current is not fed to the aforementioned drive unit  7 . Therefore, the diaphragm blade  5  is in a state of having maintained the completely opened state.  
         [0080]    In the process of the operations just described, the aforementioned shutter blade  3  reciprocates inside the slit by the drive unit  6 . However, when closing the blade  3 , the rebounding phenomenon occurs because the transmission member  69  on the drive unit  6  strikes the edge of the slit  75  and returns to the opposite direction. The amount of the rebounding increases according to the speed that the blades are closed causing the problem re-exposure when the once closed shutters are opened again. The figures show having a protruding guide  13  (first guide member) to guide the upper level blades overlapped on the first base plate  1  and the protruding guide  12  (second guide member) to guide the lower level blades being disposed, the first and the second guide members  12  and  13  side being higher and the level difference larger than the thickness of the blades. In addition, the inclined surface  12   s  is formed on the second guide member  12  in the closing region of the blade (see FIG. 1), with the height difference to the first guide member either smaller than the thickness of the blade or conversely, the second guide member being higher.  
         [0081]    Therefore, the shutter blade  3  is guided on the guide members  12  and  13  to maintain the gap with blades mutually facing from the opened position to the closed position and guided to raise the blades mutually while touching, near the closing position. The braking operates between the blades mutually and the guide members  12  and  13  and is then stopped by the stopper means composed of the slit  75  edge, described above. Rebounding is prevented using this kind of braking effect.  
         [0082]    Note that the present embodiment discloses forming the inclined surface  12   s  in the closing region of the shutter blade  3 . However, it is obviously acceptable to form an inclined surface in the same way in the opening region of the second guide member.  
         [0083]    Also, as a different embodiment shown in FIG. 10, it is also acceptable to have a structure using a plurality of protrusions for the protruding guide  12  and protruding guide  13  forming the base plate  1 .  
         [0084]    This invention comprises the configuration described above and enables the provision of a light quantity apparatus that can open or close the blade members at a comparatively high speed and reduce the rebounding that occurs in the blades.