Abstract:
A laser beam module capable of simultaneously producing two mutually perpendicular optical indicator planes, and adapted for usage on building construction sites, thereat synchronously acquiring horizontal and perpendicular measurements as a basis for datum lines. The laser beam module primarily comprises a laser beam generator, a deflector is disposed in an optical path and utilized to split a laser beam thereof, whereby two light beams emerging from the deflector synchronously proceed towards two optical expanders, the two optical expanders being positioned such as to be mutually perpendicularly related, wherefrom the two light beams are synchronously transformed and therefrom expand to project a horizontal optical plane (beam) and a vertical optical plane (beam).

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]     (a) Field of the Invention  
         [0002]     The present invention is related to a laser beam module for usage on building construction sites, interior repairs and redecoration, etc., where there is a requirement for one or a group of reference planes when making measurements and for calibration usage. At the construction site, datum reference planes must be definite and visible, therefore, usually, the most common datum are a horizontal plane or a perpendicular plane.  
         [0003]     (b) Description of the Prior Art  
         [0004]     A semiconductor laser is in common use as a tool for producing an indicator datum line and datum plane because of small size, high luminous light beam, and low price.  
         [0005]     Current laser scanners are only capable of producing an optical horizontal plane, or by adding an auxiliary device to supplement operation; a perpendicular optical plane can also be produced and used as a perpendicular measurement reference. However, this is inconvenient.  
         [0006]     A primary objective of the present invention is to provide a laser instrument having a structure that is light and convenient, requires little effort to operate, of simple construction, while being capable of simultaneously producing a horizontal optical plane and a vertical optical plane.  
         [0007]     Referring to a prior patent applied by the inventor, wherein describes an optical plane generator including a vertical light beam generator and a light beam expander, whereby the light beam expands along a symmetrical axis of the light beam and forms an optical reference plane therefrom.  
         [0008]     Many prior art designs have disclosed related laser leveling instruments, all utilizing an electric motor to drive an optical deflecting prism. The laser leveling instruments are supported by a scaling stand type support, thereby acquiring a level angular position with certainty. However, prior art designs are cumbersome and functional performance leaves room for improvement, resulting in disadvantages of bulkiness and inconvenience in usage.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0009]     Wherefore, the present invention is particularly directed towards horizontal and perpendicular reference planes, wherethrough a deflector or semi-reflecting method is utilized to acquire two angular perpendicularly related light beams. Furthermore, a horizontal plane reference beam and a perpendicular plane reference beam are synchronously acquired by means of respective optical expander methods.  
         [0010]     A first objective of the present invention is a perpendicularly positioned optical expander, wherewith any angular position of the surrounding environment can be projected upon by means of a continuous perpendicular plane of light beams.  
         [0011]     A second objective of the present invention is related to a reflecting surface of an optical deflector, wherewith, in order to synchronously form two perpendicularly related light beams, the optical deflector can utilize a semi-reflecting plated film method, thereby allowing reflecting of one portion of the light beam and direct transition through the optical deflector of remaining portion of the light beam.  
         [0012]     A third objective is an embodiment of the optical expander, whereby an electric motor can be utilized to facilitate propagating the light beam for scanning, or a conical shaped reflector is employed to expand the light beam and project the perpendicular optical plane therefrom.  
         [0013]     The present invention employs a laser module, and is an adaptation and simplification of the aforementioned two modules (the optical expander and the optical deflector), wherewith a horizontal plane and perpendicular plane are produced. For descriptive convenience, a hollow electric motor together with a conical light beam reflector is named an optical expander. Two aforesaid modules are disposed such that the two modules are in a perpendicular relation, therefrom producing two mutually perpendicular optical planes.  
         [0014]     For descriptive convenience, two optical expanders are respectively named a horizontal first light beam expander and a perpendicular second light beam expander; optical planes produced by the two light beam expanders are respectively named a first, optical plane (beam) and a second optical plane (beam). A laser beam irradiated from the laser module is split into two light beams by a deflector, therefrom the two light beams proceed towards the two aforesaid expanders respectively.  
         [0015]     The optical deflector may be a plane reflecting mirror set at 45° to an incident light beam, or a right angle prism, wherewith a reflecting face is utilized to cast a light beam at 90° to the incident light beam.  
         [0016]     In order to ensure high precision accuracy and maintain a stable perpendicular state, two reflecting faces are usually utilized, wherewith operating principle is: upon a light beam undergoing consecutive reflection from two reflecting surfaces, an included angle between an emergent light beam and the incident light is double the incident angle between the two reflecting surfaces. At this time, an error in light beam deflection is decided by a deviation in the included angle between the two light beams. When the included angle between the two reflecting planes is 45°, the incident light beam and the emergent light beam are effectively mutually perpendicular.  
         [0017]     With a pentagonal prism made from optical transmitter material, there includes in effect four optical surfaces for this kind of deflector. Upon the light beam being refracted twice and twice reflected, the emerging light beam and the original incident light beam are effectively mutually perpendicular.  
         [0018]     Application of the optical deflector may come from use of a beam splitting optical component, whereby an irradiation end simultaneously produces two mutually perpendicular light beams. The beam splitting optical component may be a plane parallel transparent plate having a semi-reflecting plated film, and set at an angle of 45° to the incident light beam.  
         [0019]     The aforementioned deflector may be a cubic prism, whereby the cubic prism is formed from two right-angle prisms joined together along two inclined faces of the right-angle prisms respectively, wherein at least one inclined face is plated with semi-reflecting film.  
         [0020]     The beam splitting optical deflector component of the present invention may also utilize two planes parallel transparent plates set at an included angle of 45°, the light beam perpendicular to the incident light beam is formed after undergoing twice sequential reflection.  
         [0021]     With a pentagonal prism, in order to facilitate a portion of the light beam being transmitted through the pentagonal prism along original direction of the incident light beam thereof, an optical reflecting plane directly opposite a light beam irradiating from the laser module is adapted to having a plated semi-reflection film. The light beam passing through the semi-reflecting film, because of refraction and deviation in direction of the original incident light beam, in order to maintain original invariable direction of the incident light beam an optical wedge is affixed to a surface of the beam splitting plated film.  
         [0022]     In a first embodiment of the present invention, a fine laser beam is initially irradiated from the laser module towards the first optical expander, a portion of the incident laser beam enters the first optical expander and expanded to form the first optical plane therefrom; remaining portion of the laser beam proceeds towards the optical deflector, whereupon the laser beam is deflected  900  and proceeds towards the second optical expander to form the second optical plane perpendicular to the first optical plane.  
         [0023]     In the foregoing first embodiment, the first optical deflector must simultaneously possess functionality of optical beam splitting and optical expander.  
         [0024]     In a second embodiment of the present invention, the fine laser beam irradiated from the laser module is initially pre-split by means of the beam splitting optical component to form two mutually perpendicular beams of light, whereupon the two beams of light separately proceed towards the first optical expander and the second optical expander respectively, and therefrom respectively expand to form two mutually perpendicular optical planes.  
         [0025]     To enable a further understanding of the said objectives and the technological methods of the invention herein, the brief description of the drawings below is followed by the detailed description of the preferred embodiments. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0026]      FIG. 1   a  represents a 45° reflecting mirror optical deflector.  
         [0027]      FIG. 1   b  represents a right-angle prism.  
         [0028]      FIG. 1   c  represents a double reflecting mirror optical deflector.  
         [0029]      FIG. 1   d  represents a pentagonal prism optical deflector.  
         [0030]      FIG. 2   a  represents a 45° beam splitting optical deflector.  
         [0031]      FIG. 2   b  represents a 45° beam splitting optical deflector for correcting parallel offset of a beam of light.  
         [0032]      FIG. 2   c  represents a cubic prism.  
         [0033]      FIG. 2   d  represents a double reflecting mirror optical deflector plated with a beam splitting film.  
         [0034]      FIG. 2   e  represents a double reflecting mirror optical deflector with translational corrected light beam along directional axis  FIG. 3   a  represents a conical reflecting mirror.  
         [0035]      FIG. 3   b  represents a conical totally reflecting mirror (holophote).  
         [0036]      FIG. 4   a  represents a beam splitting conical reflecting mirror.  
         [0037]      FIG. 4   b  represents a beam splitting conical totally reflecting mirror (holophote).  
         [0038]      FIG. 5  represents first embodiment utilizing a rotating pentagonal prism.  
         [0039]      FIG. 6   a  represents the first embodiment utilizing conical totally reflecting mirror (holophote).  
         [0040]      FIG. 6   b  represents a module of the first embodiment utilizing the conical totally reflecting mirror (holophote).  
         [0041]      FIG. 6   c  represents an elevational view of a perpendicular plane centro-axial deflected from the second optical expander according to the present invention.  
         [0042]      FIG. 6   d  represents a vertical view of the drawing in  FIG. 6   c.    
         [0043]      FIG. 7   a  represents the first embodiment utilizing the reflecting mirror and the conical totally reflecting mirror (holophote).  
         [0044]      FIG. 7   b  represents a composite body of the first embodiment comprising the reflecting mirror, the conical totally reflecting mirror (holophote) and the optical deflector.  
         [0045]      FIG. 8   a  represents a module of the second embodiment utilizing the rotating pentagonal prism.  
         [0046]      FIG. 8   b  represents a module of the second embodiment utilizing the rotating pentagonal prism to simultaneously produce a horizontal optical plane and a perpendicular optical plane.  
         [0047]      FIG. 8   c  represents a module of the second embodiment utilizing the rotating pentagonal prism to simultaneous produce the horizontal optical plane and the rotating perpendicular optical plane.  
         [0048]      FIG. 8   d  represents a module of the second embodiment utilizing the rotating pentagonal prism to automatically and simultaneously produce a horizontal optical plane and a rotating perpendicular optical plane.  
         [0049]      FIG. 9  represents the second embodiment utilizing the conical totally reflecting mirror (holophote). 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0050]     Before describing the present invention, an optical deflector according to the present invention will be initially described. Referring to  FIG. 1   a , which shows the optical deflector of simplest design comprising an incident light beam Bo incident upon a 45° reflecting mirror  11 , a reflected light beam Br is perpendicular to the incident light beam Bo. Upon the reflecting mirror  11  transforming axis of direction of the incident light beam Bo, the reflected light beam Br scans a horizontal optical plane therefrom.  
         [0051]     Referring to  FIG. 1   b , which shows a right-angled prism deflector  20  having three planes  21 ,  22  and  23 ; the planes  21  and  22  are mutually perpendicular, and the plane  23  is at 45° to the aforesaid planes  21  and  22 . The incident light beam Bo irradiates the plane  23 , and because of total reflection, the incident light beam Bo is totally reflected towards the plane  22 , thereat penetrates the plane  22  forming the light beam Br perpendicular to the incident light beam Bo. Furthermore, as foresaid, upon the deflector  20  similarly transforming the axis of direction of the incident light beam Bo, the reflected light beam Br scans the horizontal optical plane therefrom.  
         [0052]     The aforesaid optical deflector component is firmly installed at a 45° angle to the incident light beam to ensure high precision accuracy, and, as  FIG. 1   c  shows, usually utilizes two reflecting planes  31  and  32  configured at an included angle of 45° between the two reflecting planes  31  and  32 . The perpendicular angle of the emerging light beam Br with the incident light beam Bo is not related to directions of the corresponding incident light beams of the two reflecting planes  31  and  32 , wherefore an error margin is decided on by inaccuracy of the 45° included angle between the two reflecting planes  31  and  32 .  
         [0053]     A pentagonal prism is a more accurate and stable optical deflector. Referring to  FIG. 1   d , which shows a prism  40  having five plane surfaces  41 - 45 , among which two optical refracting planes are mutually perpendicular (the incident light plane  41  and the emergent light plane  42 ); the included angle between the two reflecting planes is 45° (the first reflecting plane  43  and the second reflecting plane  44 ). An incision plane  45  is a non-optical plane. In first instance, the incident light beam Bo is incident upon the surface  41 , and thereupon enters the prism becoming an incident light beam for the first reflecting surface  44 ; the second reflecting surface  43  reflects a light bream Bi towards the surface  42 , which thereupon is refracted to form the light beam Br and emerges from the prism thereat. The incident light beam Bo and the deflected light beam Br are mutually perpendicular.  
         [0054]     An improvement in the aforementioned optical deflector is a beam splitting optical component enabled to simultaneously produce two mutually perpendicular beams of light. An improved design of the beam splitting optical component is as follows:  
         [0055]     Semitransparent film is used to replace reflecting film on the planar, parallel reflecting mirror  11  depicted in  FIG. 1   a , thereby achieving the simplest beam splitting optical component. Referring to  FIG. 2   b , a beam splitting component  15  is configured at 45° such that a portion of the incident light beam Bo is reflected by the beam splitting film  16  forming the light beam Br perpendicular to the incident light beam Bo, while remaining portion of the incident light beam Bo is transmitted through the beam splitting component  15  and emerges as a transmitted light beam Bt. In order to correct resulting offset distance e, two parallel surfaces of an optical plate  17  corresponding to two parallel surfaces of the beam splitting component  15  are utilized to compensate the offset distance e. Because of thickness between the two parallel plane surfaces of the beam splitting component  15 , thereby results in an offset distance e between the refracted light beam Bn and the corresponding incident light beam Bo, whereon thickness of the plate  17  neutralizes the offset distance e, and results in the transmitted light beam Bt and the incident light beam Bo being collinear.  
         [0056]     Two inclined surfaces of two right-angled prisms  250  and  260  are joined together, and therefrom a cubic prism is formed (see  FIG. 2   c ). One inclined surface is plated with a semi-reflecting film to form a beam splitting film  27 . One portion of the incident light beam Bo upon entering the prism  250  reflects from the beam splitting film  27 , and forms the emergent horizontal light beam Br therefrom, while remaining portion of the incident light beam Bo is transmitted through the beam splitting film  27  and emerges from the prism  260 , therefrom forming the light beam Bt collinear with the incident light beam Bo.  
         [0057]     In order to have the emergent light beam Bt collinear with the incident light beam Bo, the reflecting surface  32  of  FIG. 1   c  can be replaced by a plated semitransparent beam splitting film, whereby a portion of the incident light beam Bo is deflected by the beam splitting film to form the deflected light beam Br, and remaining portion is transmitted through the semitransparent beam splitting film to form an emergent light beam Bt parallel with the incident light beam Bo thereof.  
         [0058]     However, similarly, because of influence of thickness of the optical plate, there is an offset distance e between the incident light beam Bo and the emergent light beam Bt. Two planar, parallel plates (see  FIG. 2   d ) can be utilized to compensate for the offset distance e. The two parallel plates can be appropriately configured to ensure the emergent light beam Bt is collinear with the incident light beam Bo thereof. The included angle between two plates  35  and  36  is configured at 45°. A reflecting surface  39  of the plate  36  is plated with reflecting film. The incident light beam Bo passes through the plate  36  and proceeds towards a beam splitting film  37  of the plate  35 . Because of the effect of thickness t 1  of the plate  36 , there is an offset distance e 1  between an emergent light beam Bt′ and the incident light beam Bo. Upon the emergent light beam Bt′ passing trough the beam splitting film  37 , and thereon passing through the plate  35 , again because of effect of thickness t of the plate  35 , the offset distance e between the emergent light beam Bt′ and emergent light beam Bt is compensated for, and the emerging light beam Bt emerges along same axis as that of the incident light beam Bo thereof.  
         [0059]     The first reflecting surface  44  of the pentagonal prism as depicted in  FIG. 1   d  is plated with a beam splitting film, and the first reflecting surface  44  forms a reflecting surface  46  thereat. (see  FIG. 2   e ). One portion of the incident light beam Bo is reflected off the reflecting surface  46  to form the light beam Bi, and remaining portion is transmitted through the prism to form the light beam Bt therefrom. Because the reflecting surface  46  is not perpendicular to the incident light beam Bo, the emerging light beam Bt will have deviated from original directional axis of the incident light beam Bo by an angle of deviation. In order to realign the directional axis of the incident light beam Bo and the emerging light beam Bt so that they are collinear, an optical wedge  47  is affixed to the reflecting surface  46 , whereby the optical wedge  47  is configured with two optical refracting surfaces  48  and  49 . Assemblage of the optical refracting surface  49  and the incident surface  41  is such that the assemblage equivalents to an optical plane having parallel planar surfaces. One portion of the incident light beam Bo is transmitted through the reflecting surface  46  of the prism  40 , and thereupon enters the optical wedge  47 , and emerges from the surface  49 , of the prism as the resultant light beam Bt.  
         [0060]     The present invention employs the aforementioned optical deflectors and variant optical expanders, thereby facilitating simultaneously producing two mutually perpendicular optical planes.  
         [0061]     The present invention primarily employs an optimal deflector as disclosed above, and is placed indirectly in pre- or mid-optical path of a light beam expander system, thereby simultaneously acquiring a horizontal first optical plane, or perpendicular second optical plane. A description of an optical expander is initially described hereinafter.  
         [0062]      FIG. 3   a  shows a reflecting cone  50 , a vertex angle of the reflecting cone  50  is configured at a 90° angle, and a reflecting surface  51  is rotationally symmetrical about axis  52 . The incident light beam Bo is reflected off along the reflecting surface  51 , and resulting circular-shaped light beam is expanded to form an optical plane Bc.  
         [0063]     Referring to  FIG. 3   b , which shows a totaling reflecting optical expander  60  having a conical-shaped interior and being optically transparent. The expander  60  includes one optical reflecting surface  62 ; an inner conical surface  63  is rotationally symmetrical about axis  61 , with a periphery forming a cylindrical window  66 . Upon the incident light beam Bo entering the conical surface  63 , as long as optical refractive index of an optical transparent body is greater than a specific value, the incident light beam Bo will be totally reflected. Regarding requirement for a reflected light beam to emerge perpendicular to the incident light beam, the refractive index of the optical transparent body can not be smaller than 1.4142. However, an overwhelming majority of optical materials, such as optical glass and optical plastics, have a refractive index much greater than 1.4142, therefore the reflected light beam is expanded to form the first optical plane Bc.  
         [0064]     Further, referring to  FIGS. 4   a  and  4   b , which show an optical expander effectively having beam-splitting functionality.  
         [0065]     Referring to  FIG. 4   a , which depicts a beam splitting conical mirror functioning as an optical transparent expander  70 , and having a vertex angle of 90°, conical surface  72  is plated with reflecting film; a base surface  73  is an optical plane perpendicular to axis  71 . Cone apex of the optical transparent expander  70  is cut to form a small optical surface  74  parallel to the base surface  73 . A cross section of the small optical plane  74  is large enough to allow a portion of the incident light beam Bo to enter along the axis  71  and be transmitted through towards the base surface  73  therefrom, whereupon the light beam Bt emerging from the base surface  73  is collinear with the incident light beam Bo, while remaining portion of the incident light beam Bo is reflected off the conical surface  74  and therefrom expanded to form the first optical plane Bc.  
         [0066]     Referring to  FIG. 4   b , which depicts the beam splitting conical mirror functioning as a totally reflecting conical optical expander  80 . The conical optical expander  80  includes an optical incident surface  85 , an inner conical surface  82 , which is rotationally symmetrical about axis  81 , and an optical cylindrical surface  83 , which is rotationally symmetrical about the axis  81 . A small optical surface  84  is adaptably cut at an apex of the conical surface  82  so as to be parallel to the incident surface  85 . The optical incident surface  85  is perpendicular to and rotationally symmetrical about the axis  81 . When diameter of the incident light beam Bo is greater than the small optical surface  84 , and the incident light beam Bo enters the conical optical expander  80  along the axis  81  and perpendicular to the incident surface  85 , thereupon a portion of the incident light beam Bo is transmitted vertically through the conical optical expander  80  and emerges as the vertical light beam Bt, while remaining portion of the incident light beam Bo proceeds towards the conical surface  82 , and as long as the refractive index of the transparent optical body is greater than a specific value, the incident light beam Bo is thereupon totally reflected and forms the optical plane Bc thereof.  
         [0067]     A first embodiment of the present invention enables simultaneous production of two mutually perpendicular optical planes, wherein an optical deflector is placed in an optical path after a first light beam expander.  
         [0068]     Referring to  FIG. 5 , which depicts the first embodiment of the present invention utilizing a rotating optical deflector device, and constructed to include one laser module  110 , one hollow electric motor  113 , and one pentagonal prism  114  securely fitted on a rotating spindle configured in a hollow of the electric motor  113 . The laser module  110  and the hollow electric motor  113  are securely fixed together in a housing  115 , thereby allowing a laser beam irradiated from the laser module  110  and the rotating spindle of the hollow electric motor  113  to be collinear.  
         [0069]     The laser module  110  includes one semiconductor laser  111  and an optical focusing system  112 . A diffused laser beam irradiated from the semiconductor laser  111  upon passing through the optical focusing system  112  is focused to form the light beam Bo. The light beam Bo passes through a through-hole (not shown) configured in the rotating spindle of the hollow electric motor  113 , and thereon proceeds towards a rotating pentagonal prism  114  having a compensating optical wedge configured thereon. A light beam Br 1  is reflected from a beam splitting film, and therefrom passes through a transparent window  117  to form the horizontal first optical plane. A light beam Bt′ is transmitted through the beam splitting film and enters the optical deflector  26 , whereupon the light beam Bt′ is reflected and passes horizontally through a center of another hollow electric motor  123 , and thereon passes through a through-hole (not shown) configured in a rotating spindle of the hollow electric motor  123 , and proceeds towards a rotating pentagonal prism  124 . A reflected light beam Br 2  emerges from the pentagonal prism  124  to form the perpendicular second optical plane. The light beam Bt passing through the optical deflector  26  is in directional superposition with the incident light beam Bo.  
         [0070]     Positioning of the optical deflector  26  and a second light beam expander are fixed by a structural housing  116 .  
         [0071]     When the incident light beam Bo acts as central rotational axis for the structural housing  116 , through adjustment, the second optical plane can be configured to project on to any angular position of surrounding environment, thereby allowing any indicator mark to act as basis for a perpendicular reference surface. In other words, the second optical plane can arbitrarily appear at any angular position to the first optical plane.  
         [0072]     The optical deflectors as disclosed above can all replace the deflector  26  as depicted in the drawings.  
         [0073]      FIG. 6   a  shows a totally reflecting conical optical deflector  80  as a first light beam deflector. The incident light beam Bo enters the conical optical deflector  80  along the axis  81 , whereupon a portion of the incident light beam Bo passes through the conical optical deflector  80  and emerges as the light beam Bt, while remaining portion of the incident light beam Bo undergoes total reflection from the inner conical surface and expands to form the first optical plane Bc 1 . The transmitted light beam Bt is deflected by the deflector  26  and directed towards a horizontally placed second light beam expander  60 . A light beam emerging from the second light beam expander  60  forms the second optical plane Bc 2 .  
         [0074]     The first light beam expander  80  and the second light beam expander  60  are joined to an incident plane and an emergent plane of the optical deflector  26  respectively to form a composite body thereof (see  FIG. 6   b ), further, in conjunction with the laser module  110  enables simultaneously producing two mutually perpendicularly related optical planes. Furthermore enabling a module to produce a planar normal (perpendicular line).  
         [0075]      FIGS. 6   c  and  6   d  repeat what is depicted in  FIG. 5 , wherein the second light beam expander is disclosed. The second light beam expander  60  is enabled to coaxially encircle the incident light beam Bo, and facilitates periphery translation by an angle θ°, whereby a marker position at any angular position encircling the laser beam module may acquire the second optical plane Bc 2 . As  FIGS. 6   c  and  6   d  depict, the first optical expander  80  is configured above the laser module  110 . Upon the laser beam being expanded to form the first optical plane Bc 1 , the light beam Bt is transmitted through the first optical expander, whereat the light beam Bt passes through the deflector  26  and is horizontally reflected towards the second optical expander  60 . The second optical expander  60  expands the light beam Bt to form the perpendicular second optical plane Bc 2 . The second optical expander  60  is enabled to encircle the laser module  110 , whereby adjusting the periphery translation angle θ° around a central point (see  FIG. 6   d ) enables the second optical expander  60  to encircle the axial center Bt, rotating the second optical plane Bc 2  thereof, and allowing diversification of angular position at which the second optical plane Bc 2  is projected.  
         [0076]     Referring to  FIG. 7   a , which shows a beam splitting conical first expander  70 . The light beam Bo enters the conical first expander  70  along axis  71 , one portion of the incident light beam Bo passes through the conical first expander  70  and proceeds towards the deflector  20 , remaining portion of the light beam Bo reflects off a conical surface  72  and forms the first optical plane Bc 1  therefrom. The light beam Bo deflects off the deflector  20  and enters the second optical expander  60  to emerge as the second optical plane Bc 2 .  
         [0077]     The first optical expander  70  utilized in  FIG. 7   a  and  FIG. 7   b  is a totally reflecting conical mirror having advantage of being able to form a composite body from the first expander  70 , the second expander  60  and the right-angled prism deflector  20  (see  FIG. 7   b ). The base surface  73  of the first optical expander  70  and an incident plane of the right-angled prism deflector  20  are joined together, and an emergent plane of the deflector  20  and a base surface (incident surface) of the second optical expander  60  are joined together, thereby forming a single optical component  170 . The optical component  170  has four optical surfaces: one conical surface  171  having a plated reflecting film, one totally reflecting inner conical surface  172 , whereby symmetrical axis of the optical surfaces  171  and  172  are mutually perpendicular; one small surface  173  at a vertex of the conical surface  171 , and having same perpendicular symmetrical axis as that of the conical surface  171 , and one totally reflecting surface  174  symmetrically configured at an angle of 45° to the optical surfaces  171  and  173 ; together with an optical cylindrical surface  175  having same symmetrically axis as that of the totally reflecting inner conical surface  172 .  
         [0078]     In a second embodiment of the present invention, a beam splitting optical deflector is placed in the optical path before the first optical expander. See  FIG. 8   a , which depicts utilizing two devices as two rotating optical expanders  210  and  220 . The light beam Bo emitted from the laser module  110  is first irradiated towards an optical deflector  470  having beam splitting functionality (depicted in  FIGS. 8   a  and  8   b  as the pentagonal prism  40  configured with an optical wedge  47 ). A refracted light beam from the optical deflector  470  irradiates towards the first rotating expander  210 , whereby the refracted light expands and scans to form the perpendicular optical plane Bc 1 . A light beam passing through the optical deflector  470  irradiates towards the second rotating expander  220 , wherefrom the light beam expands and scans to form the horizontal optical plane Bc 2 .  
         [0079]      FIG. 8   b  depicts an assembled modular device of a horizontal instrument. A bubble  211  for indicating a horizontal position is configured on a cylindrical transparent window  212 , and the cylindrical transparent window  212  is firmly joined together with a housing  213  thereof. During instrument adjustment, the first optical plane Bc 1  is first adjusted to a horizontal position, thereupon the second optical plane Bc 2  automatically aligns into a perpendicular position.  
         [0080]     The second rotating expander  210  together with the optical deflector configured with the optical wedge  47  and the prism  40  are securely fixed to the housing  213 . Referring to  FIG. 8   c , through a deflecting mechanism  200  and an axis bearing  214  that allows free movement of the second rotating expander  210 , thereby allowing the expander  210  to horizontally scan, whereby the second optical plane Bc 2  projected therefrom can appear at any angular position perpendicularly to the first horizontal optical plane Bc 1  (excepting limitations imposed by the housing structure).  
         [0081]     Referring to  FIG. 8   d , which shows a self-leveling instrument perpendicularly suspended under gravity from an axial rotating platform  230 . The laser module  110  connects to a plumb through a cantilever  242 . Upon the plumb  242  taking up an equilibrium position, the fine light beam Bo irradiates from the laser module  110  collinear with a line of gravitation. When the plumb  242  deviates from an equilibrium position, gravitational pull will restore the plumb to the equilibrium position until the light beam Bo is collinear again with the line of gravitation.  
         [0082]     A static steel plate may be configured directly below the plumb  242 , upon which is affixed at least one permanent magnetic body  244 . Upon the plumb  242  oscillating, magnetic lines of force of the magnetic body  244  are segmented resulting in a magnetic pull that quickly returns the plumb  242  to the equilibrium position.  
         [0083]      FIG. 9  shows another structural device of the second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the structural device utilizes two conical optical expanders  60   a  and  60   b  with their respective symmetrical axis being mutually perpendicular. A light beam irradiates from the laser module  110  and reflects from the second optical deflector  25 , therefrom the reflected light beam irradiates towards the second optical expander  60   b , from which the light beam is reflected and forms the second optical plane Bc 2 . The light beam passing through the second optical deflector  25  irradiates towards the first optical expander  60   a , from which the light beam is reflected and forms the first optical plane Bc 1 . A bubble depicted in  FIG. 9  can be utilized to orientate the first optical plane as a horizontal plane.  
         [0084]     All conical expanders utilized in the present invention can be utilized as the first optical expander and the second optical expander, wherein the conical expanders can be fabricated together with aforementioned disclosed optical deflectors to assemble a variety of combinations and diversified designs therefrom. In particular, the second optical expander can be configured to rotate around an axial center of the incident light beam Bo and the first optical deflector, whereby the optical plane produced is perpendicular to the first expanded plane of the first optical expander, enabling the second optical plane to be projected in any arbitrary direction thereof.  
         [0085]     In addition, a device of the present invention may be utilized in specific leveling instruments, whereby the device can automatically or manually produce simultaneously one horizontal plane and one perpendicular plane.  
         [0086]     A fundamental proposition of the present invention is such to utilize two optical expanders, wherefrom light beams are transmitted through optical deflectors to simultaneously produce two mutually perpendicular optical planes.  
         [0087]     Advantages of the Present Invention: 
        1, Uncomplicated structure, and requiring little effort to operate.     2. Simplification in producing one optical plane (light beam), and together with another optical plane perpendicular to the first optical plane can be adjusted to perpendicularly irradiate any angular position of surroundings.     3. Utilizes an optical system, which devises an all-new system that enables producing a horizontal light beam, in addition to being able to simultaneously produce a perpendicular light beam.        
 
         [0091]     In conclusion, the present invention assuredly ameliorates shortcomings of prior art designs. Furthermore, the present invention has not yet been made public, and thus complies with stipulated patent law regulations; therefore a patent application is submitted herewith.  
         [0092]     It is of course to be understood that the embodiments described herein is merely illustrative of the principles of the invention and that a wide variety of modifications thereto may be effected by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.