Abstract:
A circular and miter box saw has a contact table containing a support device that can be pivoted about a pivoting axis relative to the contact table and a base plate. The support device is pivot-supported on the base plate. The saw further has a miter box arm that can be pivoted about the pivoting axis, and a sawing device being disposed on the miter box arm, or above the contact table, respectively, wherein the sawing device can be displaced by a gliding guide device. The circular and miter box saw has a high cutting quality and a safe work piece contact surface and is characterized in that the gliding guide device is provided substantially below the base plate.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates to a circular and miter saw having a seating table, having a bearing means that can be pivoted about a pivot axis relative to the seating table, having a base plate, wherein the bearing means is pivotally supported on the base plate, and having a miter arm that can be pivoted about the pivot axis, and a sawing device disposed on the miter arm, preferably above the seating table, the sawing device being displaceable by means of a sliding guide device. 
     Workpieces of, for example, metal, wood, plastic or the like can be trimmed to size at a settable angle by means of a circular and miter saw. In particular, circular and miter saws can be used to trim workpiece bars to size at an angle—the miter angle—that is other than the right angle. The workpiece in this case is placed onto a seating table of the circular and miter saw. A sawing device, having a rotatable saw blade for sawing the workpiece, is disposed on the miter arm, above the seating table. The miter arm is preferably mounted, via a bearing means, so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis. The pivot axis is realized as a normal axis. The miter angle can be set by pivoting the miter arm. Further, the miter arm is preferably pivotable about a miter axis, the miter axis extending substantially perpendicularly in relation to the pivot axis. 
     After the miter angle has been set, the workpiece can be docked, or sawn through, by means of the sawing device, for which purpose the sawing device can be pivoted downwards—about a transverse axis. The transverse axis in this case is preferably substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis and substantially perpendicular to the miter axis. Here, the sawing device is designed so as to be displaceable in the radial direction relative to the pivot axis, by means of a sliding guide device, such that, after the sawing device has been lowered to the level of the workpiece, the workpiece can be cut through by being radially displaced in the direction of the pivot axis, preferably along the miter axis. 
     A circular and miter saw is known from DE 203 13 885 U1. A similar circular and miter saw is also known from DE 20 2006 912418 U1. In the case of these circular and miter saws, a rotationally fixed seating table that is realized in two parts is constituted by lateral seating blocks/projections provided on a bottom plate, the bottom plate additionally have a receiving space, and a bearing means, realized as a rotary disk, being carried in the receiving space so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis. Here, the base of the receiving space is constituted by a base plate, on which the rotary disk is supported. The rotary disk serves here as a bearing means for the miter arm and for the sawing device disposed on the miter arm. The top side of the rotary disk and the top side of the seating table lie approximately in one plane. The rotary disk carries a side arm, the side arm having a groove extending as far as the center point of the rotary disk. A saw blade of the electric sawing device can be inserted into the groove. Here, the sliding guide device, for radially displacing the sawing device along the miter axis, i.e. towards the pivot axis or away from the pivot axis, is attached to the miter arm, at the level of the sawing device, i.e. above the rotary disk. 
     A miter saw for cutting a workpiece disposed on a seating table is known from EP 0 379 322 B1. The seating table has a receiving space realized in its center. A bearing means, realized as a rotary table, is rotatably mounted in the receiving space. At the right and left next to the rotary table, the seating table, realized in two parts, is constituted by projections, the top sides serving as workpiece seating surfaces. The rotary table disposed between the projections lies with its top side in the same plane as the workpiece seating surfaces of the projections. Here, the rotary table is inserted into the receiving space of the seating table from above. This miter saw additionally has a sliding guide device. The sliding guide device has a sliding rod, which extends through the circumferential wall of the rotary table, substantially in the direction of the diameter of the rotary table. The sliding rod is mounted so as to be displaceable in the direction of the diameter. A miter arm, with the electric sawing device, is disposed on the sliding rod, such that the sawing device is displaceable in the radial direction by means of the sliding guide device. 
     The circular and miter saws known in the prior art are not yet optimally realized. In particular, owing to the fact that here a rotary table is rotatably mounted in a receiving space, the known circular and miter saws require a large amount of space, and are therefore not realized in a compact manner, which makes them difficult to transport and also to arrange, particularly at assembly sites. Furthermore, the rotary tables constitute a relative large seating surface for the workpieces. Practice has shown that, when a rotary table is turned, the workpiece lying thereon can also slip with it to some extent, such that the cut quality in the case of known circular and miter saws is problematic, i.e. not always optimal, since, owing to the concomitantly rotating, relatively large surface of the rotary table, there is no secure workpiece seating. Consequently, the circular and miter saws known in the prior art are not yet optimally realized. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention is therefore based on the object of designing and developing a circular and miter saw in such a way that its cut quality is improved, a secure workpiece seating is provided, and a compact structure is realized. 
     The previously indicated object is now achieved for a circular and miter saw in that the sliding guide device is provided substantially below the base plate. The sliding guide device is provided, or disposed, below the base plate in order, firstly, to achieve a low center of mass of the circular and miter saw, as a result of which, firstly, the miter arm can be guided in a sure and smooth manner. Preferably, the sawing device, in particular with the miter arm, can additionally be pivoted about a miter axis, the miter axis being substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis and extending parallelwise in relation to the direction of motion of the sliding guide device. Owing to the fact that the sliding guide device is now disposed below the base plate, the sliding guide device, in particular, is not also realized so as to be pivotable about the miter axis. Preferably, only the miter arm, with the sawing device, is realized so as to be pivotable about the miter axis, the sliding guide device disposed below the miter axis not being pivoted about the miter axis, as a result of which the torsional stiffness of the circular and miter saw during the cutting/sawing operation is increased. Because of this disposition, a precise operating sliding guide device can now be provided, which greatly increases the cut quality during cutting. The sliding guide is disposed below the bearing means and below the base plate. Owing to the fact that the bearing means, the base plate and the sliding guide device are now realized as separate assemblies, which are preferably disposed sequentially over one another in a type of “sandwich construction method”, the fixed seating table can extend substantially as far as the pivot axis and additionally cover the bearing means, at least partially. As a result, the rotationally fixed workpiece seating surface is now enlarged. Upon setting of the respective pivot position about the pivot axis, the workpiece therefore has a large-area contact with the rotationally fixed seating table, enabling the workpiece to be securely seated, in particular upon setting of the pivot position about the pivot axis. In particular, however, because of the separate assembly “sandwich construction method”, preferably because of the seating table, which at least partially covers the bearing means, because of the base plate then being disposed thereunder and because of the sliding guide device, in turn, being disposed thereunder, a very compactly realized circular and miter saw is realized, which requires only a small amount of space, can be transported particularly easily and can also always be set up in a space-saving manner at an “assembly site”. The disadvantages described at the outset are therefore avoided, and corresponding advantages are achieved. 
     There are a multiplicity of possibilities for designing and developing the circular and miter saw according to the invention in an advantageous manner. A preferred design of the invention is now explained more fully in the following on the basis of the drawing and the associated description. In the drawing: 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING 
         FIG. 1  shows a schematic, perspective representation of a circular and miter saw, viewed obliquely from above at the front, 
         FIG. 2  shows a schematic, perspective representation of a circular and miter saw from  FIG. 1 , viewed obliquely from above at the back, 
         FIG. 3  shows a schematic, perspective representation of the circular and miter saw from  FIGS. 1 and 2 , likewise viewed obliquely from above at the back, 
         FIG. 4  shows a schematic, perspective representation of the circular and miter saw from  FIGS. 1 to 3 , viewed obliquely from below at the back, 
         FIG. 5  shows a schematic perspective representation of the circular and miter saw from  FIGS. 1 to 4 , likewise viewed from below at the back, 
         FIG. 6  shows a schematic side view of the circular and miter saw from  FIGS. 1 to 5 , 
         FIG. 7  shows a schematic, partially sectional side view of the circular and miter saw from  FIGS. 1 to 6 , 
         FIG. 8  shows a schematic front view of the circular and miter saw from  FIGS. 1 to 7 , 
         FIG. 9  shows a schematic rear view of the circular and miter saw from  FIGS. 1 to 8 , and 
         FIG. 10  shows, in a schematic representation, an exploded representation of the principal components of the circular and miter saw according to the invention. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     In  FIGS. 1 to 10 , a circular and miter saw  1  and its principal components are clearly depicted in various schematic representations. 
     The circular and miter saw  1  can be used to cut, in particular, strips, panels or plates to the desired length, preferably including the desired miter cuts. As to be described in detail in the following, the circular and miter saw  1  can therefore be used not only to make a cut at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece, not represented, but also so-called miter cuts at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece. The circular and miter saw  1  is preferably realized so as to be transportable. The size and the weight of the circular and miter saw  1  are preferably dimensioned in such a way that the latter can also be transported in a trunk of a motor vehicle by a user, for example a craftsman. 
     The circular and miter saw  1  has, firstly, a seating table  2 . The seating table  2  in this case has a top side  3 , the top side  3  serving to seat the workpiece, not represented. 
     The circular and miter saw  1  additionally has a bearing means  4  that can be pivoted about a pivot axis S relative to the seating table  2  (cf. also  FIG. 7 ). The bearing means  4  is preferably disposed on a base plate  5 . The base plate  5  therefore constitutes a support element for the bearing means  4 , and can therefore also be referred to as a “support plate”. 
     The bearing means  4  is supported on the base plate  5  so as to be pivotable about the pivot axis S. 
     A miter arm  6  is connected to the bearing means  4  in a functionally operative manner, which is to be explained in yet greater detail in the following. The miter arm  6  can therefore be pivoted, together with the bearing means  4 , about the pivot axis S. A sawing device  7  is disposed on the miter arm  6 . The sawing device  7  in this case is preferably disposed above the seating table  2 . The sawing device  7  is realized so as to be swivelable, preferably downwards, for the purpose of docking the workpiece, not represented, and thereafter can be pivoted back upwards into the initial position. The sawing device  7  has a saw blade  8 , preferably a circular saw blade, which can preferably be motor-driven. The sawing device  7  is mounted, at one end of the miter arm, so as to be pivotable upwards and/or downwards on a transverse axis, not denoted in greater detail. In addition, the sawing device  7  can be displaced in the “radial direction”, parallel to a miter axis G, by means of a sliding guide device  9 , in particular, therefore, displaced in the direction of the pivot axis S or away from the latter, as represented, in particular, by the arrows P in  FIG. 6 . Because of the sliding guide device  9 , the length of the saw cut is not limited to the diameter of the saw blade  8 , but is extended by the possible displacement path of the sawing device  7 , by means of the sliding guide device  9 . The length of the saw cut therefore preferably results from the length of pass and from the diameter of the saw blade  8 . 
     The disadvantages described at the outset are now avoided, firstly, in that the sliding guide device  9  is provided substantially below the base plate  5 . This has the advantage that, on the one hand, the sliding guide device  9  need not be mounted so as to be pivotable about the miter axis G and, on the other hand, the center of mass of the sliding guide device  9  extends close to the cutting plane, enabling the sawing device  7  to be displaced and/or pivoted in a precise and torsionally stiff manner. In particular, owing to the “sandwich construction method”, namely, the sequential disposition (as viewed from top to bottom) of the bearing means  4 , the base plate  5  and the sliding guide device  9 , a very compact circular and miter saw  1  is realized, which, on the one hand, is easily transportable in a space-saving manner by motor vehicle, for example by fitters, and which can also easily be set up in a space-saving manner at the assembly location. 
     Here, the bearing means  4  is disposed in the region between the seating table  2 , namely, preferably in the region between the projections  22  and the base plate  5 . In the present design, the base plate  5  and the seating table  2 , or the projections  22 , are screwed to one another. Preferably, the seating table  2 , which is constituted substantially by the two projections  22  provided, and the base plate  5  constitute a solid assembly. Here, the assembly of the base plate  5  and of the bearing means  4  is preferably effected from below. Firstly, the bearing means  4  is inserted into the turned-over seating table  2 , and the base plate  5  is then placed on and operatively connected to the underside of the seating table  2 . Then, preferably, the sliding guide device  9  is fitted. 
     In a different design, the seating table  2  and the base plate  5  can be realized, not as separate parts, but also as an integrally realized structural unit. Further, the seating table  2  and the base plate  5  can each be constructed as one or more parts. The base plate  5  is preferably realized in the form of a disk. The base plate  5  preferably has an angle scale.  FIG. 1  shows clearly that the base plate  5  projects over the bearing means  4  by an edge that is not designated in greater detail, and that this edge comprises the angle scale, not designated in greater detail, for setting the pivot position about the pivot axis S. 
     The base plate  5  preferably has an arcuate guide slot  10  (cf.  FIGS. 4 ,  5 ). The guide slot  10  is disposed concentrically in relation to the pivot axis S. The sliding guide device  9  and the bearing means  4  are preferably connected to one another by at least one guide element, preferably a bolt or a screw (not represented in detail here), extending through the guide slot  10 . In particular, two or more bolts can extend through the guide slot  10  and connect the bearing means  4  and the sliding guide device  9  to one another. For the purpose of bearing support, the bearing means  4  preferably has an at least partially cylindrical bearing projection  11  in the region of the pivot axis S. In the region of the pivot axis S, the seating table  2  has an at least partially cylindrical opening  12  that matches this bearing projection, the bearing projection  11  engaging in the opening  12 . The partially cylindrical opening  12  therefore serves as a bearing pressure point during pivoting about the pivot axis S. 
     In the region of the pivot axis S, a screw  13  preferably projects through the base plate  5 , as represented, in particular, in  FIG. 7 , for the purpose of mounting the bearing means  4  so as to be pivotable about the pivot axis S on the base plate  5 . The bearing means  4  has a corresponding receiver  14 , the screw  13  engaging in the receiver  14 . 
     As further shown by the figures, the sliding guide device  9  has a sliding guide  24 , preferably realized in the manner of a block, which—as shown by FIG.  7 —has a plate-like projection  24   a . By means of the plate-type projection  24   a , the sliding guide  24  can now be fixedly connected to the receiver  14  of the bearing means  4 , via the screw  13 . The bearing means  4  is thereby now preferably connected to the sliding guide  24  in a rotationally fixed manner, in such a way that, upon a pivoting movement of the bearing means  4 , the sliding guide  24  also concomitantly executes this pivoting movement, since the screw  13  extends through a bearing opening of the base plate  5 , which bearing opening is not designated in greater detail. A different type of mounting, for example via a bolt, is also conceivable. 
     Further, it can also be seen clearly in  FIG. 7  that the seating table  2  at least partially covers the bearing means  4 . The top side of the bearing means  4 , which is not designated in greater detail, in this case preferably extends partially below the top side  3  of the seating table  2 . As a result, a large workpiece seating surface is provided, this workpiece seating surface being disposed in a rotationally fixed manner in relation to the workpiece, even when the bearing means  4  is pivoted about the pivot axis S. 
     The bearing means  4  preferably has a rotary disk  15  and a side arm  16 . The side arm  16  has a groove  17  extending in the radial direction of the rotary disk  15 , the sawing device  7  being insertable, with the saw blade  8 , into the groove  17 . The groove  17  can also be realized in a strip element that can be disposed on the side arm. The rotary disk  15  in this case is rotatably mounted by means of the screw  13  that extends through the passage opening of the base plate  5 , the screw  13  being fixedly screwed within the receiver  14 , such that the bearing means  4  is coupled to the sliding guide  24 . The rotary disk  15  and the side arm  16  are preferably realized as an integral assembly, preferably as a single piece. The rotary disk  15  is realized so as to be thicker in the region of the pivot axis S than at its edge, as a result of which the side arm  16  projects up over the rotary disk  15 , towards the periphery of the rotary disk  15 . 
     The seating table  2  has a substantially V-shaped recess  18 , the side arm  16  being pivotable within the recess  18 . Here, at each side, the recess  18  of the seating table  2  constitutes a stop (not designated in greater detail) for the side arm  16 . Preferably, the bearing means  4  can be pivoted from +45° to −45°. The recess  18  therefore preferably has an opening angle of at least 90°. The pivoting movement of the side arm  16  together with the rotary disk  15  is limited by the recess  18 . 
     Two upwardly projecting stop strips  19  in alignment with one another are preferably disposed on the seating table  2  for the purpose of placement of the workpiece. The stop strips  19  in this case preferably extend substantially as far as the pivot axis S. The stop strips  19  in this case can extend substantially as far as the preferably partially cylindrical opening  12 , or as far as the bearing projection  11 , or just past the bearing projection  11 . In the design represented here, the seating table  2  has a respective slot  20 , in which the seating strips  19  engage via an elongate projection, not designated in greater detail. The solid assembly composed of the seating table  2  and the base plate  5  can be machined, preferably in a set-up fixture (not represented), by means of a machine tool and, for example, the seating table  2  can be provided with the slot  20 . The stop strips  19  can thus be displaced along the slot  20 . The stop strips  19  can preferably be detachably fixed in the slot  20  by means of a respective clamping screw  21 . 
     The seating table  2  has two projections  22 , which taper towards the pivot axis S at an acute angle and which are delimited by the stop strips  19 , the top side  3  of the projections  22  serving as workpiece seating surfaces. The projections  22  have substantially a triangular shape, corresponding to the V-shaped recess  18 . The projections  22 , and therefore the workpiece seating surfaces in the case of the seating table  2 , extend substantially as far as the pivot axis S, or as far as the partially cylindrical opening  12 . The V-shaped recess  18  opens into the partially cylindrical opening  12 . 
     The groove  17  in the side arm  16  preferably extends further over the rotary disk  15  as far as into the bearing projection  11  and preferably past the latter, as clearly depicted. The pivot position of the bearing means  4  relative to the seating table  2  can preferably be detachably fixed by means of a locking mechanism. Of the locking mechanism, only a fixing knob  23 , at the end of the side arm  16 , is represented here. 
     The structure and the disposition of the sliding guide device  9  are to be described in greater detail in the following. 
     The sliding guide device  9  has at least the already mentioned, preferably block-type slide guide  24  and at least one guide rod  25 . Here, preferably two guide rods  25  are provided. The sliding guide  24  is fastened to the bearing means  4 , preferably to the rotary disk  15 . Serving to fasten the sliding guide  24  to the bearing means  4  is, firstly, the projection  24   a , which is realized like a plate and is screwed to the receiver  14  of the bearing means  4  by means of a screw  13 , the screw  13  extending within a passage opening of the base plate  5  and being rotatably mounted here, in the passage opening, not designated in greater detail. In particular, the rotary disk  15  is additionally connected to the upper region of the sliding guide  24  in a rotationally fixed manner by means of a total of four further screws, not designated in greater detail, such that the sliding device  24  is also indirectly held concomitantly by means of the base plate  5  disposed above the sliding guide  24 , since the base plate  5  in fact supports, or holds, the bearing means  4 , and therefore now also, indirectly, the sliding guide  24 . Preferably, two screw elements, which are disposed between the bearing means  4  and the sliding guide  24 , then run concomitantly in the corresponding arcuate guide slot  10  during the swiveling of the bearing means  4 , or are guided therein while, again, two screw elements are disposed at the edge of the sliding guide  24  and are connected to an edge projection of the rotary disk  15  in order to carry the sliding guide  24 . 
     The sliding guide  24  guides the at least one guide rod  25 —here, the two guide rods  25 —the guide rods  25  extending parallelwise in relation to one another and parallelwise in relation to the miter axis G. The guide rods  25  are disposed within the sliding guide  24  so as to be displaceable relative to the sliding guide  24 . Here, the sliding guide  24  has two guide-rod receivers (not designated in greater detail) that match the cross-section of the guide rods  25 . The two guide rods  25  are connected to one another at one end by a rod clamping piece  26 . A miter-arm mount  27  is disposed at the other end of the guide rods  25 . Between the rod clamping piece  26  and the miter-arm mount  27 , the sliding guide  24  encompasses the two guide rods  25 . 
     The miter arm  6  is preferably mounted on the miter-arm mount  27  so as to be pivotable about the miter axis G. On the miter arm  6 , a miter plate  28  can be disposed on one side and a counter-plate  29  can be disposed on the other side, the miter-arm mount  27  being disposed between the miter plate  28  and the counter-plate  29 . The miter-arm mount  27  is preferably connected to the miter plate  28  and to the counter-plate  29  by a bolt  30 , such that the miter arm  6  can be pivoted about the bolt  30 . The bolt  30  in this case extends along the miter axis G. For the purpose of fixing the miter arm  6  in a pivot position about the miter axis G, the miter plate  28  preferably has a flexible joint piece  31  having a bolt opening, not represented in greater detail. The miter-arm mount  27  has an arcuate, elongate hole (not represented), a miter setting bolt (not represented) engaging through the elongate hole and the bolt opening of the joint piece. In  FIG. 5 , for example, only a lever handle  32  that is connected to the miter setting bolt is represented. Through actuation of the lever handle  32 , the joint piece  31  can be drawn against the miter-arm mount  27 , such that the joint piece  31  clamps the miter arm  6  in a defined pivot position about the miter axis G, relative to the miter-arm mount  27 . A differently functioning fixing device can also be provided to set and fix a particular angle, i.e. pivot position of the miter arm  6  in respect of the miter axis G. 
     The miter arm  6  is preferably realized substantially in an L shape. An electric motor, for driving the saw blade  8 , is preferably disposed on the miter arm  6 , or on the sawing device  7 . 
     The circular and miter saw  1  stands on a base frame  33 . Here, the base frame  33  consists substantially of two feet  34 . The solid assembly composed of the seating table  2  and the base plate  5  is supported on the ground by means of the base frame  33 , in particular the two feet  34 . The base frame  34  is disposed so as to be movable on the seating table  2  and/or on the base plate  5 , such that irregularities of the ground can be compensated. Preferably, the base frame  33 , particularly the feet  34 , is or are disposed so as to be pivotally movable on the seating table  2  and/or on the base plate  5 . Preferably, the pivot positions of the two feet  34  can each be set relative to the seating table  2  and/or the base plate  5  by means of a setting screw  35 . 
       FIG. 10  thus again shows the principal components of the circular and miter saw  1  according to the invention, in an exploded, schematic representation. Clearly evident here again is the sliding guide device  9  with the two guide rods  25 , in particular also the sliding guide  24 , or the rod clamping piece  26  and the miter-arm mount  27 , which are fastened to the respective ends of the guide rods  25 . The structure, in particular the sequential structure of the individual components, i.e. the already mentioned “sandwich construction method” is therefore again represented particularly clearly in  FIG. 10 . 
     The described disadvantages are therefore avoided, and corresponding advantages are achieved. 
     LIST OF REFERENCES 
     
         
           1  circular and miter saw 
           2  seating table 
           3  top side 
           4  bearing means 
           5  base plate 
           6  miter arm 
           7  sawing device 
           8  saw blade 
           9  sliding guide device 
           10  guide slot 
           11  bearing projection 
           12  opening 
           13  screw 
           14  receiver 
           15  rotary disk 
           16  side arm 
           17  groove 
           18  recess 
           19  stop strip 
           20  slot 
           21  clamping screw 
           22  projection 
           23  fixing knob 
           24  sliding guide 
           24   a  projection 
           25  guide rod 
           26  rod clamping piece 
           27  miter-arm mount 
           28  miter plate 
           29  counter-plate 
           30  bolt 
           31  joint piece 
           32  lever 
           33  base frame 
           34  foot 
           35  setting screw 
         S pivot axis 
         G miter axis 
         P arrows