Abstract:
An umbrella hub is provided that includes an inner portion, an outer periphery, a lower portion and an upper portion. A plurality of vertical grooves is disposed in the outer periphery and is configured to receive umbrella ribs or struts. A plurality of grooves extends transverse to the vertical grooves. A retention member is disposed in each of the transverse grooves. A first configuration of the hub permits deflection of the retention member such that a transverse pin coupled with the umbrella ribs or struts can be inserted into the transverse groove in which the retention member is disposed. A second configuration of the hub prevents deflection of the retention member such that inadvertent withdrawal of the pin from the transverse groove in which the retention member is disposed is prevented.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of Chinese Patent Application No. 201210116279.0, filed Apr. 19, 2012, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention involves the technical aspects of an umbrella, especially the technical aspects of the upper and lower runners, sometimes referred to herein as hubs, of an umbrella. It specifically refers to the upper and lower runners of a quick frame assembly system and the relevant umbrella and the quick frame assembly method. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     An earlier frame assembly method for attaching the ribs to the upper and lower runners of an umbrella frame is: The upper and lower runners are provided with annular grooves and the ribs have through holes. Iron wires are inserted into the through holes of multiple ribs and are tightly wound in the annular grooves. Tools are required to carry out the assembly and the protruding ends of the wire could injure a user or assembler. The umbrella is difficult to assemble and requires extra care. 
     The current frame assembly method is: the two sides of one end of the umbrella ribs have lugs and the upper and lower runners are both divided into the hollow runner body and base. There are several U-shaped slots around the outer periphery of the hollow runner body. The two lugs on the rib are respectively situated in the two U-shaped slots. The base is fitted into the hollow runner body to seal up the U-shaped slots. The hollow runner body is provided with fasteners, i.e. for areas that can be fastened, and the fasteners pierce into the base and become secured. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONS 
     These inventions herein hope to provide another type of quick frame assembly system with upper and lower runners, and where no fixtures, tools or screws are required for the frame assembly. The assembly is quick, easy and flexible, and the ribs can either be assembled vertically or horizontally. 
     Some of the objectives of these inventions are to address the shortcomings of the prior technology mentioned above by providing the upper and lower runners of a quick frame assembly system and the relevant umbrella frame and the quick frame assembly method. The upper and lower runners are cleverly designed and structurally simple. No fixtures, tools or screws are required for the frame assembly. The assembly is quick, easy and flexible, and the ribs can either be assembled vertically or horizontally. It is also suitable for large-scale application. 
     In order to achieve the aforementioned objective, the first aspect of this invention provides an upper runner of a quick frame assembly system comprising an upper runner cover and an upper runner base, wherein several upper runner rib hitching grooves or coupling grooves are disposed around the circumference of the outer periphery of the upper runner cover. A first upper runner vertical groove is located between the upper runner rib hitching grooves. The upper runner base has several upper runner stop blocks or retention members. A second upper runner vertical groove is located on the outer periphery of the upper runner base. The first vertical groove  1  is aligned with the second vertical groove. The upper runner cover and the upper runner base should be able to fit into each other and become mutually fastened at positions  1  and  2 . At position  1 , the upper runner stop block is set into the respective upper runner rib hitching groove and seals up blocks, or encloses a portion of the upper runner rib hitching groove. At position  2 , the upper runner stop block is set into the respective upper runner rib hitching groove and seals up, blocks, or encloses all of the upper runner rib hitching groove. 
     Preferably, the upper runner cover has a first upper runner inverted fastening unit and a second upper runner inverted groove. The upper runner base should have a first upper runner inverted groove and a second upper runner inverted fastening unit. At position  1 , the first upper runner inverted fastening unit is fastened to the first upper runner inverted groove. At position  2 , the second upper runner inverted fastening unit is fastened to the second upper runner inverted groove. 
     More preferably, there should be at least two (2) of the first upper runner inverted fastening units. The first upper runner inverted fastening units should be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the corresponding upper runner cover. There should be at least two (2) of the first upper runner inverted grooves. The first upper runner inverted fastening grooves should be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the corresponding upper runner base. 
     More preferably, there should be at least two (2) of the second upper runner inverted grooves. The second upper runner inverted grooves should be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the corresponding upper runner cover. There should be at least two (2) of the second upper runner inverted fastening units. The second upper runner inverted fastening units should be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the corresponding upper runner base. 
     Preferably, the center of the said upper runner cover has a hollow sleeve and the upper runner base is fitted into or over the said hollow sleeve. 
     More preferably, the lower section of the hollow sleeve is provided with positioning holes. 
     The second aspect of this invention provided a lower runner of a quick frame assembly system comprising a lower runner cover and a lower runner base, wherein several lower runner rib hitching grooves or coupling grooves are disposed around the circumference of the outer periphery of the said lower runner cover. A first lower runner vertical groove is located between the lower runner rib hitching grooves. The said lower runner base has several lower runner stop blocks or retention member. A second lower runner vertical groove is located on the outer periphery of the said lower runner base. The first vertical groove is aligned with the second vertical groove. The lower runner cover and the lower runner base should be able to fit into each other and be mutually fastened at first and second positions. At the first position, the lower runner stop block is set into the respective lower runner rib hitching groove and seals up, blocks, or encloses a portion of the lower runner rib hitching groove. In this context and as similarly discussed herein “seals up” and “encloses” can include a condition where the stop block partially blocks access to or egress from the hitching groove. As discussed further below in this position, the stop block is permitted to flex sufficiently to permit pins attached to ribs to be inserted into the hitching grooves. At the second position, the lower runner stop block is set into the respective lower runner rib hitching groove and seals up all of or completely encloses all of the lower runner rib hitching groove. In this context and as similarly discussed herein “seals up all” and “completely encloses” can include a condition where the stop block fully blocks access to or egress from the hitching or coupling groove. As discussed further below in this position, the stop block is braced so that it does not permit ribs or pins coupled with ribs to be inadvertently withdrawn from the hitching grooves. 
     Preferably, the lower runner cover has a first lower runner inverted fastening unit and a second lower runner inverted groove. The lower runner base should have a first lower runner inverted groove and a second lower runner inverted fastening unit. At the first fastening position, the first lower runner inverted fastening unit is fastened to the first lower runner inverted groove. At the second fastening position, the second lower runner inverted fastening unit is fastened to the second lower runner inverted groove. 
     More preferably, there should be at least two (2) of the first lower runner Inverted Fastening Units. The first lower runner Inverted Fastening Units should be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the corresponding lower runner cover. There should be at least two (2) of the first lower runner Inverted Grooves. The first lower runner inverted grooves should be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the said corresponding lower runner base. 
     More preferably, there should be at least two (2) of the second lower runner inverted fastening units. The second lower runner inverted fastening units should be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the corresponding lower runner cover. There should be at least two (2) of the second lower runner inverted grooves. The second lower runner inverted grooves should be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the said corresponding lower runner base. 
     Preferably, the lower runner cover has a first center hole. The lower runner cover also preferably has a third lower runner inverted fastening unit. The third lower runner inverted fastening unit can be located at an extension of the edge of the first center hole. The lower runner base should have a second center hole. The second center hole can have a third lower runner inverted groove. At the second fastening position, the third lower runner inverted fastening unit can be fastened to the third lower runner inverted groove. 
     More preferably, there should be at least two (2) of the third lower runner inverted fastening units. The third lower runner inverted fastening units can be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the corresponding lower runner cover. There should be at least two (2) of the third lower runner inverted grooves. The third lower runner inverted grooves can be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the corresponding lower runner base. 
     The third aspect of this invention provides an umbrella frame comprising first ribs and a shaft. One end of the first ribs has first shaft pins. The umbrella further comprises any of the upper runner embodiments discussed in this application. The upper runner is installed on the shaft. The upper runner cover and the upper runner base mutually come together at the second position. One end of the first ribs is situated in the first upper runner vertical groove. The two ends of the shaft pins  1  are situated in the two adjacent upper runner rib hitching grooves. The shaft pins  1  are immobilized by the upper runner stop blocks situated in the upper runner rib hitching grooves. In this context, “immobilized” means retained or prevented from being withdrawn inadvertently, but permitting at least rotational movement so that the ribs can swing through typical range of motion for opening and closing the umbrella. 
     Preferably, the center of the upper runner cover has a hollow sleeve. The upper runner base is inserted into or is advanced over the hollow sleeve and the hollow sleeve is set into the shaft. The upper runner base is held up against the shaft. 
     More preferably, the lower section of the hollow sleeve is provided with one or more positioning holes and the shaft is provided with fastener holes. The positioning holes and the fastener holes are connected with fasteners. 
     The fourth aspect of this invention provided an umbrella frame comprising of second ribs and a shaft. One end of the second ribs has second shaft pins. The umbrella further comprises any of the embodiments of the lower runner of a quick frame assembly system as discussed herein. The lower runner is mounted and slides on the shaft. The lower runner cover and the lower runner base mutually come together at the second position. One end of the second ribs is situated in the first lower runner vertical groove, and the two ends of the second shaft pins are situated in the two adjacent lower runner rib hitching grooves and are immobilized with the lower runner stop blocks situated in the lower runner rib hitching grooves. As discussed above, “immobilized” here means retained or prevented from being withdrawn inadvertently, but permitting at least rotational movement so that the ribs can swing through typical range of motion for opening and closing the umbrella. 
     Preferably, the lower runner cover has a first center hole, and The lower runner cover preferably also has a third lower runner inverted fastening unit that can be located at an extension of the edge of the first center hole. The lower runner base should have a second center hole. The second center hole preferably has a third lower runner inverted groove. The third lower runner inverted fastening unit can be fastened to the third lower runner inverted groove. The shaft goes through the first center hole  1  and the second center hole and is secured with the third lower runner inverted fastening unit. 
     The fifth aspect of this invention provides an umbrella frame comprising first ribs, second ribs, and a shaft. One end of the first ribs has first shaft pins. One end of the second ribs has second shaft pins. The other end of the second ribs is swivel-connected to a central portion of the first ribs. The umbrella further comprises any of the upper runners and any of the lower runners of a quick frame assembly system described herein. The upper runner is installed on the shaft. The upper runner cover and the upper runner base mutually come together at the second position. One end of the first ribs is situated in the upper runner vertical groove  1  and the two ends of the first shaft pins are situated in the two adjacent upper runner rib hitching grooves. The two ends of the first shaft pins are immobilized by the said upper runner stop blocks situated in the upper runner rib hitching grooves. “Immobilized” has the broad meaning discussed above in this regard. The lower runner is mounted and slides on the shaft and is situated below the upper runner. The lower runner cover and the lower runner base mutually come together at the second position. One end of the second ribs is situated in the lower runner vertical groove  1 , and the two ends of the second shaft pins are situated in the two adjacent lower runner rib hitching grooves. The second shaft pins are immobilized by the lower runner stop blocks situated in the lower runner rib hitching grooves. “Immobilized” has the broad meaning discussed above in this regard. 
     The sixth aspect of this invention provides a quick frame assembly method realized using the abovementioned upper runner of a quick frame assembly system, wherein includes any combination or all of the following steps: 
     (1) The upper runner cover and the upper runner base are fitted together to cause the upper runner cover and the upper runner base to become mutually attached at the first position, thereby the upper runner stop block is respectively inserted into the upper runner rib hitching groove in a manner that seals up a portion of (e.g., partially blocks or encloses) the upper runner rib hitching groove; 
     (2) One end of the first rib is inserted into the upper runner vertical groove  1  and the two ends of the first shaft pins installed at one end of the first ribs are respectively positioned in the two adjacent upper runner rib hitching grooves, with further advancement of the first ribs causing the first shaft pins to press against the upper runner stop block. At least a portion of the upper runner stop block will exit (e.g., be deflected away or at least partially out of) the upper runner rib hitching groove as a result of the elastic deformation of the upper runner stop block or the elastic deformation of the upper runner cover and/or the upper runner base, and thus the first shaft pins are able to enter the upper runner rib hitching grooves. Thereafter, the upper runner stop block returns to its original position to immobilize the first shaft pins; 
     (3) The upper runner cover and the upper runner base move closer to each other to allow the upper runner cover and the upper runner base to become mutually attached at the second position, thereby the upper runner stop block moves further into the upper runner rib hitching groove and in turn seals up the entire upper runner rib hitching groove to firmly immobilize the shaft pins  1 . “Seals up” and “immobilize” have the broad meaning discussed elsewhere herein. 
     Preferably, the upper runner cover should have a first upper runner inverted fastening unit and the upper runner base should have a first upper runner inverted groove. In the step (1), the upper runner cover and the upper runner base should be able to become mutually attached at the first position through the attaching of the first upper runner inverted fastening unit to the first upper runner inverted groove. 
     Preferably, the upper runner cover should have a second upper runner inverted groove and the upper runner base should have a second upper runner inverted fastening unit. In the step (3), the upper runner cover and the upper runner base should be able to become mutually attached at the second position through the attaching of the second upper runner inverted fastening unit to the second upper runner inverted groove. 
     The seventh aspect of this invention provides a quick frame assembly method realized using any of the abovementioned lower runners of a quick frame assembly system, wherein the method includes any combination or all of the following steps: 
     (A) The lower runner cover and the lower runner base are fitted together to cause the lower runner cover and the lower runner base to be able to mutually come together at the first fastening position, thereby the lower runner stop block is respectively inserted into the lower runner rib hitching groove and this seals up a portion of (as broadly defined herein) the lower runner rib hitching groove; 
     (B) One end of the second rib is inserted into the lower runner vertical groove  1  and the two ends of the second shaft pins, installed at one end of the second ribs, are respectively positioned in the two adjacent lower runner rib hitching grooves, with further advancement of the second ribs causing the shaft pins  2  to press against the lower runner stop block. At least a portion of the lower runner stop block will exit (e.g., be deflect away or at least partially out of) the lower runner rib hitching groove as a result of the elastic deformation of the lower runner stop block or the elastic deformation of the lower runner cover and/or the lower runner base. The second shaft pins are then able to enter the lower runner rib hitching grooves. Thereafter, the lower runner stop block returns to its original position to immobilize (as broadly defined herein) the second shaft pins; 
     (C) The lower runner cover and the lower runner base move closer to each other to allow the lower runner cover and the lower runner base to become mutually attached at the second position, thereby the lower runner stop block moves further into the lower runner rib hitching groove and this in turn seals up the entire (as broadly defined herein) lower runner rib hitching groove to firmly immobilize the second shaft pins. 
     Preferably, the lower runner cover should have a first lower runner inverted fastening unit and the lower runner base should have a first lower runner inverted groove. In step (A), the lower runner cover and the lower runner base should be able to become mutually attached at the first fastening position through the attaching of the first lower runner inverted fastening unit to the first lower runner inverted groove. 
     Preferably, the lower runner cover should have a second lower runner inverted groove and the lower runner base should have a second lower runner inverted fastening unit. In step (C), the lower runner cover and the lower runner base should be able to become mutually attached at the second fastening position through the attaching of the second lower runner inverted fastening unit to the second lower runner inverted groove. 
     Some of the specific benefits resulting from these inventions are: 
     1. The upper runner of various embodiments of this invention comprises an upper runner cover and an upper runner base. Several upper runner rib hitching grooves are created around the circumference of the outer periphery of the upper runner cover. A first upper runner vertical groove is located between the upper runner rib hitching grooves. The upper runner base has several upper runner stop blocks, and the second upper runner vertical groove is located on the outer periphery of the upper runner base. The first vertical groove is aligned with the second vertical groove, and the upper runner cover and the upper runner base should be able to fit into each other and become mutually attached at first and second positions. At the first position, the upper runner stop block is set into the respective upper runner rib hitching groove and seals up a portion (as broadly defined herein) of the upper runner rib hitching groove. At the second position, the upper runner stop block is set into the respective upper runner rib hitching groove and seals up the entire (as broadly defined herein) upper runner rib hitching grooves. After the upper runner cover and the upper runner base are thus fastened at the first position, elastic deformation is utilized to push the shaft pin on the rib to go beyond the upper runner stop block to enter into the upper runner rib hitching groove and it is then immobilized (as broadly defined herein) by the upper runner stop block. Thereafter, the upper runner cover and the upper runner base should come together at the second position, and the upper runner stop block moves further into the upper runner rib hitching groove to completely seal up (as broadly defined herein) the upper runner rib hitching groove, thereby completing the assembly of the rib with the upper runner in some embodiments. These inventions are cleverly designed and structurally simple. No fixtures, tools or screws are required for the rib assembly. The assembly is quick, easy and flexible, and the ribs can either be assembled vertically or horizontally. It is also suitable for large-scale application. 
     2. The lower runner of this invention comprises a lower runner cover and a lower runner base. Several lower runner rib hitching grooves are created around the circumference of the outer periphery of the lower runner cover. A first lower runner vertical groove is located between the lower runner rib hitching grooves. The lower runner base has several lower runner stop blocks. A second lower runner vertical groove is located on the outer periphery of the lower runner base. The first vertical groove is aligned with the second vertical groove, and the lower runner cover and the lower runner base should be able to fit into each other and become mutually fastened at the first and second positions. At the first position, the upper runner stop block is set into the respective upper runner rib hitching groove and seals up a portion of (as broadly defined herein) the lower runner rib hitching groove. At the second position, the lower runner stop block is set into the respective lower runner rib hitching groove and seals up the entire (as broadly defined herein) lower runner rib hitching groove. After the lower runner cover and the lower runner base are thus fastened at the first position, elastic deformation is utilized to push the shaft pin on the rib beyond the lower runner stop block to enter into the lower runner rib hitching groove. The shaft pin is then immobilized (as broadly defined herein) by the lower runner stop block. Thereafter, the lower runner cover and the lower runner base should come together at the second position, and the lower runner stop block moves further into the lower runner rib hitching groove to completely seal up (as broadly defined herein) the lower runner rib hitching groove, thereby completing the assembly of the rib in some embodiments. This invention is cleverly designed and structurally simple. No fixtures, tools or screws are required for the rib assembly. The assembly is quick, easy and flexible, and the ribs can either be assembled vertically or horizontally. It is also suitable for large-scale application. 
     An upper runner of a quick frame assembly system is provided that include an upper runner cover and an upper runner base. The system also includes a plurality of upper runner rib hitching grooves disposed around the circumference of the outer periphery of the upper runner cover. The system also includes a first upper runner vertical groove disposed between the upper runner rib hitching grooves. The upper runner base has several upper runner stop blocks and a second upper runner vertical groove disposed on the outer periphery of the upper runner base. The first upper runner vertical groove is aligned with the second vertical groove. The upper runner cover and the upper runner base are configured to fit together and become mutually fastened at first and second positions. At the first position, the upper runner stop blocks are disposed in the respective upper runner rib hitching grooves and partially blocks the upper runner rib hitching grooves. At the second position, the upper runner stop blocks are disposed in the respective upper runner rib hitching grooves and completely block the upper runner rib hitching grooves. 
     In another embodiment, an umbrella hub is provided that comprises an inner portion, an outer periphery, a lower portion and an upper portion. The lower portion comprises a lower surface of the hub. The upper portion comprises an upper surface of the hub. A plurality of grooves is disposed in the outer periphery configured to receive umbrella ribs or struts. A plurality of transverse slots is provided, where each slot extends transverse to the grooves. Examples of the slots set forth herein include the hitching grooves discussed below. A retention member is disposed in each of the transverse slots. The hub comprises a first configuration that permits deflection of the retention member such that a transverse pin coupled with the umbrella ribs or struts can be inserted into the transverse slot in which the retention member is disposed. The hub comprises a second configuration that prevents deflection of the retention member such that inadvertent withdrawal of the pin from the transverse groove in which the retention member is disposed is prevented. 
     In another embodiment, an umbrella hub is provided that includes a hub body, a cavity disposed in the hub body, and a retention member disposed adjacent to the cavity. The hub has a first configuration that permits advancing an umbrella rib retention structure into the cavity and a second configuration. In the second configuration, the retention member prevents removing the umbrella rib retention from the cavity. The hub is actuated between the first and second configurations by moving the retention member. Such movement can be by moving one or both of upper and lower portions of the hub with which the retention member can be integrally formed. 
     In another embodiment, a quick frame assembly method is provided. In the method, a lower portion of a hub is coupled with an upper portion of the hub. The lower and/or upper portions define a first groove enabling movement of a rib or strut during umbrella operation. The upper and/or lower portions define a plurality of second grooves disposed transversely to the first groove. The retention structures are disposed on at least one of the upper and lower portions. The retention structures extend into the second grooves. One end of a first plurality of ribs is inserted into the first groove and ends of shaft pins of the ribs into the second grooves. The shaft pins are caused to press against the retention structures such that the retention structures are deflected. Deflection of the retention structures permits the shaft pins to be disposed in the second grooves, e.g., between the retention structures and a central axis of the hub. Relative movement is provided between the upper portion and the lower portion. Such movement moves the upper and lower portions of the hub to a position in which deflection of the retention members is prevented. 
     In another embodiment, an assembly method is provided. In the method, a lower portion of a hub is coupled in a first position with an upper portion thereof. The hub has a cavity. One end a rib is inserted into the hub such that an end of a transverse member of the rib is in the cavity. Relative movement is provided between the upper portion and the lower portion of the hub to block the transverse member from being dislodged from the cavity. 
     In another embodiment, a lower runner of a quick frame assembly system is provided that includes a lower runner cover and a lower runner base. The system also includes a plurality of lower runner rib hitching grooves disposed around the outer periphery of the lower runner cover. A first lower runner vertical groove is disposed between the lower runner rib hitching grooves. The lower runner base having several lower runner stop blocks and a second lower runner vertical groove disposed on the outer periphery of the said lower runner base. The first lower runner vertical groove is aligned with the second lower runner vertical groove. The lower runner cover and the lower runner base are configured to fit together and be mutually fastened at first and second positions. At the first Position, the lower runner stop blocks are disposed in respective lower runner rib hitching grooves and partially blocks the lower runner rib hitching grooves. At the second position, the lower runner stop blocks are set into the respective lower runner rib hitching grooves and completely block the lower runner rib hitching grooves. 
     In various combinations, umbrellas are provided that include any of the foregoing hubs or runners of a quick frame assembly systems. 
     In another embodiment, a quick frame assembly method is provided. In the method, a lower portion of a hub is coupled with an upper portion of a hub for rib assembly. The lower and/or upper portions define a first groove enabling movement of a rib or strut during umbrella operation. The upper and/or lower portions define a plurality of second grooves disposed transversely to the first groove. Retention structures that are disposed on at least one of the upper and lower portions extend into the second grooves. One end of a first plurality of ribs is inserted into the first groove and two pins or two ends of a shaft pin of the ribs are inserted into the second grooves. The shaft pin or ends of pins are pressed against the retention structures such that the retention structures are deflected, e.g. out of the second grooves, to permit further insertion of the pin (s). The deflection can be as a result of the elastic deformation of the retention structure and/or elastic deformation of at least one of the upper portion and the lower portion. The shaft pins or ends of are disposed in the second grooves between the retention structures and the central axis of the hub. The retention structures are permitted to return to an undeflected position to retain the shaft pins or ends. Relative movement is provided between the upper portion and the lower portion to move the upper and lower portions of the hub closer to each other to allow the said upper portion and the lower portion to become fully and mutually attached to prevent deflection of the retention members. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic front view of a specific embodiment of the upper runner of this invention in a first fastening position. 
         FIG. 2A  is a schematic perspective view of a specific embodiment of the upper runner cover shown in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 2B  is a schematic bottom view of a specific embodiment of the upper runner cover shown in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 2C  is a schematic sectional view taken through section plane A-A in  FIG. 2B . 
         FIG. 3A  is a schematic perspective view of a specific embodiment of the upper runner base shown in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3B  is a schematic top view of a specific embodiment of the upper runner cover shown in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3C  is a schematic sectional view taken through section plane B-B in  FIG. 3B . 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic sectional view taken through section plane C-C in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic top view of a specific embodiment shown in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic sectional view taken through section plane D-D in  FIG. 5 . 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic cross-sectional front view of a specific embodiment shown in  FIG. 1  in a second fastening position. 
         FIG. 8  is a schematic front view of a specific embodiment of the lower runner of this invention in a first fastening position. 
         FIG. 9A  is a schematic perspective view of a specific embodiment of the lower runner cover shown in  FIG. 8 . 
         FIG. 9B  is a schematic top view of a specific embodiment of the lower runner cover shown in  FIG. 8 . 
         FIG. 9C  is a schematic sectional view of taken through section plane E-E in  FIG. 9B . 
         FIG. 10A  is a schematic perspective view of a specific embodiment of the lower runner base shown in  FIG. 8 . 
         FIG. 10B  is a schematic top view of a specific embodiment of the lower runner cover shown in  FIG. 8 . 
         FIG. 10C  is a schematic sectional view taken through section plane F-F in  FIG. 10B . 
         FIG. 11  is a schematic sectional view taken through section plane G-G in  FIG. 8 . 
         FIG. 12  is a schematic cross-sectional front view of a specific embodiment shown in  FIG. 8  in a second fastening position. 
         FIG. 13  is a schematic front view of a specific embodiment of the umbrella frame of this application. 
         FIG. 14  is a schematic partial cross-sectional front view of an upper portion of the umbrella frame shown in  FIG. 13 . 
         FIG. 15  is a schematic partial cross-sectional front view of a lower portion of the umbrella frame shown in  FIG. 13 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     In order to be able to understand the technical content of the embodiments more clearly, the following implementations are specially cited and described in detail. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 1-7 , an upper runner or hub  1  of this invention comprises an upper hub cover  2  and an upper hub base  3 . Several upper hub rib hitching grooves or coupling grooves  21  are created around the circumference of the outer periphery of the upper hub cover  2 . A first upper hub vertical groove  22  is located between the upper hub rib hitching grooves  21 . The upper hub base  3  has several upper runner stop blocks  31 . The stop blocks  31  are examples of retention members within the scope of the embodiments herein. A second upper hub vertical groove  32  is located on the outer periphery of the upper hub base  3 . The first upper hub vertical groove  22  is aligned with the second upper hub vertical groove  32 . The upper hub cover  2  and the upper hub base  3  should be able to fit into each other and become mutually fastened at positions  1  and  2 . At the position  1 , the upper hub stop blocks  31  are set into the respective upper hub rib hitching grooves  21  and these partially seal up all of the upper hub rib hitching grooves  21 . At the position  2 , the upper hub stop blocks  31  are set into the respective upper hub rib hitching grooves  21  and they completely seal up all the upper hub rib hitching grooves  21 . 
     Any suitable structure can be employed to cause the upper hub cover  2  and the upper hub base  3  to become mutually fastened at positions  1  and  2 . With reference to  FIGS. 1-7 , in the specific embodiment of this invention, the upper hub cover  2  has first upper hub inverted fastening units  23  and second upper hub inverted grooves  24 . The upper hub base  3  has first upper hub inverted grooves  33  and second upper hub inverted fastening units  34 . At the position  1 , the first upper hub inverted fastening units  23  are fastened to the first upper hub inverted grooves  33 . At the second position, the second upper hub inverted fastening units  34  are fastened to the second upper hub inverted grooves  24 . 
     The quantity of the first upper hub inverted fastening units  23  and the upper hub inverted grooves  33  and their installation method can be arbitrarily defined. Preferably, there are at least two of the first upper hub inverted fastening units  23  that are symmetrical with respect to the axis of the corresponding upper hub cover  2 . Preferably, there are at least two of the first upper hub inverted grooves  33  that are symmetrical with respect to the axis of the corresponding upper hub base  3 . With reference to  FIGS. 2B and 3A , in the specific embodiment of this invention, the quantity of the first upper hub inverted fastening units  23  and the first upper hub inverted grooves  33  is two. 
     The quantity of the second upper hub inverted fastening units  34  and the second upper hub inverted grooves  24  and their installation method can be arbitrarily defined. More preferably, there should be at least two of the second upper hub inverted grooves  24  and that are symmetrical with respect to the axis of the said corresponding upper hub cover  2 . There also should be at least two of the second upper hub inverted fastening units. The second upper hub inverted fastening units preferably are symmetrical with respect to the axis of the said corresponding upper hub base  3 . With reference to  FIGS. 3A, 3B and 5 , in the specific embodiment of this invention, the quantity of the second upper hub inverted fastening units  34  and the second upper hub inverted grooves  2   24  is four. 
     Any suitable structure can be employed to install the upper hub  1  on the shaft  10 . With reference to  FIGS. 1-2C , in the specific embodiment of this invention, the center of the said upper hub cover  2  has a hollow sleeve  25  and the upper hub base  3  is fitted over the hollow sleeve  25 . The upper hub  1  is installed on the shaft  10  by means of the hollow sleeve  25 . 
     Any suitable structure can be employed to install the upper hub  1  on the shaft  10  by means of the hollow sleeve  25 . With reference to  FIGS. 1 and 2A , in various embodiments of this invention, the lower section of the hollow sleeve  25  is provided with positioning holes  26 . The upper hub  1  is installed on the shaft  10  by means of the positioning holes  26 . 
     With reference to  FIGS. 8-12 , the lower runner  4  comprises a lower runner cover  5  and a lower runner base  6 . Several lower runner rib hitching grooves or coupling grooves  51  are created around the circumference of the outer periphery of the lower runner cover  5 . A first lower runner vertical groove  52  is located between the lower runner rib hitching grooves  51 . The lower runner base  6  has several lower runner stop blocks, or retention members  61 . A second lower runner vertical groove  62  is located on the outer periphery of the lower runner base  6 . The first vertical groove  52  is aligned with the second vertical groove  62 , and the lower runner cover  5  and the lower runner base  6  should be able to fit into each other and be mutually attached at positions  1  and  2 . At position  1 , the lower runner stop blocks  61  are set into the respective lower runner rib hitching grooves  51  and partially seal up (as broadly defined herein) all the lower runner rib hitching grooves  51 . At position  2 , the lower runner stop blocks  61  are set into the respective lower runner rib hitching grooves  51  and completely seal up (as broadly defined herein) all the lower runner rib hitching grooves  51 . 
     Any suitable structure can be employed to cause the lower runner cover  5  and the lower runner base  6  to become mutually fastened at positions  1  and  2 . With reference to  FIGS. 8-12 , in specific embodiments, the lower runner cover  5  has first lower runner inverted fastening units  53  and second lower runner inverted grooves  54 ), and the lower runner base  6  has first lower runner inverted grooves  63  and second lower runner inverted fastening units  64 . At position  1 , the first lower runner inverted fastening units  53  are fastened to the first lower runner inverted grooves  63 . At position  2 , the second lower runner inverted fastening units  64  are fastened to the second lower runner inverted grooves  54 . 
     The quantity of first lower runner inverted fastening units  53  and first lower runner inverted grooves  63  and their installation method can be arbitrarily defined. Preferably, there should be a plurality, e.g., at least two, of the first lower runner inverted fastening units  53 . The first lower runner inverted fastening units  53  may be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the corresponding lower runner cover  5  There should be a plurality, e.g., at least two, of the first lower runner inverted grooves  63 . The first lower runner inverted grooves  63  can be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the corresponding lower runner base  6 . With reference to  FIGS. 9A, 9B and 11 , in a specific embodiment of this invention, there is a plurality, e.g., two of the first lower runner inverted fastening units  53  and the first lower runner Inverted Grooves  63 . 
     The quantity of the second lower runner inverted fastening units  64 ) and the second lower runner inverted grooves  54  and their installation method can be arbitrarily defined. Preferably, there is a plurality, e.g., at least two of the second lower runner inverted grooves  54 . The second lower runner inverted grooves  54  may be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the corresponding lower runner cover  5 . There should be a plurality, e.g., at least two of the second lower runner inverted fastening units  64 . The second lower runner inverted fastening units  64  may be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the said corresponding lower runner base  6 . With reference to  FIGS. 10A and 10B , in specific embodiments there is a plurality of, e.g., four of the second lower runner inverted fastening units  64  and the second lower runner Inverted Grooves  54 . 
     In order to secure the connection, with reference to  FIGS. 8-12 , in the specific embodiment of this invention, the lower runner cover  5  has a first center hole  55 . Third lower runner inverted fastening units  56  are located at the extension of the edge of the firstcenter hole  1   55 . The first center hole  55  can be an aperture, e.g., a short cylindrical structure that facilitates sliding movement along an umbrella pole. The lower runner base  6  should have a second center hole  65 . The second center hole  65  preferably has third lower runner inverted grooves  66 . The second center hole  65  can be an aperture, e.g., a short cylindrical structure that facilitates sliding movement along an umbrella pole. At the fastening position  2 , the third lower runner inverted fastening units  56  are fastened to the third lower runner inverted grooves  66 . 
     The quantity of the third lower runner inverted fastening units  56  and the third lower runner inverted grooves  66  and their installation method can be arbitrarily defined. Preferably, there should be a plurality of, e.g., at least two of the third lower runner inverted fastening units  56 . The third lower runner inverted fastening units  56  preferably are symmetrical with respect to the axis of the corresponding lower runner cover  5 . There should be a plurality of, e.g., at least two of the third lower runner inverted grooves  66 . The third lower runner inverted grooves preferably are symmetrical with respect to the axis of the said corresponding lower runner base  6 . With reference to  FIGS. 9A, 9B and 12 , in specific embodiments, the quantity of the third lower runner inverted fastening units  56  and the third lower runner inverted grooves  66  is 2. 
     With respect to  FIGS. 13-15 , an umbrella frame of this invention comprises first ribs  7 , second ribs  8  and a shaft  10 . One end of the first ribs  7  has first shaft pins (not illustrated). One end of the second ribs  8  has second shaft pins (not illustrated) and the other end of the second ribs  8  is swivel-connected to the center of the first ribs  7 . The umbrella frame further comprises the upper hub  1  and the lower runner  4  of a quick frame assembly system. The upper hub  1  is installed on the said shaft  10 . The upper runner cover  2  and the said upper runner base  3  mutually come together at position  2 . One end of the first ribs  7  is situated in the first upper runner vertical grooves  22 , and the two ends of the first shaft pins are situated in two adjacent upper runner rib hitching grooves  21 . The first shaft pins are retained by the upper runner stop blocks  31  situated in the upper runner rib hitching grooves  21 . The lower runner  4  is mounted and slides on the said shaft  10  and is situated below the upper hub  1 . The lower runner cover  5  and the lower runner base  6  mutually come together at the position  2 . One end of the second ribs  8  is situated in the first lower runner vertical grooves  52 , and the two ends of the second shaft pins are situated in the two adjacent lower runner rib hitching grooves  51  and are retained by the lower runner stop blocks  61  situated in the lower runner rib hitching grooves  51 . 
     Any suitable structure can be employed to install the upper hub  1  on the shaft  10 . With reference to  FIG. 14 , in specific embodiments, the center of the upper runner cover  2  has a hollow sleeve  25 . The upper runner base  3  is fitted into or over the hollow sleeve  25  and the hollow sleeve  25  is set into the shaft  10 , and the upper runner base  3  is held up against the said shaft  10 . 
     In order to ensure that the connection between the upper hub  1  and shaft  10  is reliable, the bottom section of the hollow sleeve  25  is provided with positioning holes  26 , the shaft  10  is provided with fastener holes  9  and the positioning holes  26  and the fastener holes  9  are connected with fasteners  91 . With reference to  FIG. 14 , in specific embodiments, the positioning holes  26  are threaded holes, the fastener holes  9  are screw holes and the fasteners  91  are screws. The screws are screwed into the said threaded holes and screw holes to achieve the connection. 
     Any suitable structure can be employed to install the lower runner  4  on the shaft  10 . With reference to  FIG. 15 , in specific embodiments, the lower runner cover  5  has a first center hole  55  and the third lower runner inverted fastening units  56  are located at the extension of the edge of the center hole  1  ( 55 ). The lower runner base  6  should have a second center hole  65 . The second center hole  65  has the third lower runner inverted grooves  66 . The third lower runner inverted fastening units  56  are fastened to the third lower runner inverted grooves  66 . The shaft  10  goes through the first center hole  55  and the second center hole  65  and is secured with the third lower runner inverted fastening unit  56 . As no excess space between the third lower runner inverted fastening unit  56  and shaft  10 , the lower runner will not fall off easily and thus achieve the effect of being immobilized. 
     When the upper hub cover  2  and the upper hub base  3  are fitted together, it will cause the upper hub  1  to be fastened at position  1  as illustrated in  FIGS. 1, 4 and 6 . One end of the first ribs  7  is situated in the first upper runner vertical groove  22 , and the two ends of the first shaft pins are situated in the two adjacent upper runner rib hitching grooves  21 , which then pushes the first ribs  7 , causing the first shaft pins to press against the upper runner stop blocks  31 . At least a portion of the said upper runner stop blocks  31  will be displace, e.g., out of the upper runner rib hitching grooves  21  as a result of the elastic deformation of the upper runner stop blocks  31  or the elastic deformation arising from the fastening of the first upper runner inverted fastening unit  23  to the first upper runner inverted groove  33 . Upon such displacement the shaft pins  1  are able to enter the said upper runner rib hitching grooves  21 . Thereafter, the upper runner stop blocks  31  return to their original position to immobilize or retain the shaft pins  1 . The upper hub cover  2  and the upper hub base  3  are moved closer to each other until they become mutually fastened at position  2  as illustrated in  FIGS. 7 and 14 . The upper hub stop blocks  31  will move further into the upper runner rib hitching grooves  21  and in turn completely seal up or block all the upper hub rib hitching grooves  21  to firmly immobilize or retain shaft pins  1 . 
     Similarly, when the lower runner cover  5  and the said lower runner base  6  are fitted together, it will cause the lower runner  4  to fasten at position  1  as illustrated in  FIGS. 8 and 11 . One end of the second ribs  8  is situated in the first lower runner vertical groove  52 , and the two ends of the shaft pins  2  are situated in the two adjacent lower runner rib hitching grooves  51 , which then pushes the second ribs  8 , causing the second shaft pins to press against the lower runner stop blocks  61 . At least a portion of the said lower runner stop blocks  61  will be displaced, e.g., out of the lower runner rib hitching grooves  51  as a result of the elastic deformation of the lower runner stop blocks  61  or the elastic deformation arising from the fastening of the first lower runner inverted fastening unit  53  to the first lower runner inverted groove  63 , and thus the shaft pins  2  are able to enter the said lower runner rib hitching grooves  51 . Thereafter, the lower runner stop blocks  61  return to their original position to immobilize or retain the second shaft pins. The lower runner cover  5  and the lower runner base  6  move closer to each other until they become mutually fastened at position  2  as illustrated in  FIGS. 12 and 15 . The lower runner stop blocks  61  will move further into the lower runner rib hitching grooves  51  and in turn completely seal up or block all the lower runner rib hitching grooves  51  to firmly immobilize or retain shaft pins  2 . 
     Therefore, no fixtures, tools or screws are required, only the runner covers and runner bases need to be securely fastened. The fastening units will be firmly fastened and the umbrella ribs can be assembled upside down (horizontal assembly). 
     In summary, the upper and lower hubs of these embodiments are cleverly designed and structurally simple. In another embodiment, a quick frame assembly method is provided.  FIGS. 6 and 7  illustrate parts of a method related to an upper hub for an umbrella. A base  3  or lower portion is coupled with a cover  2  or upper portion of the hub. The hub has a groove  22  for ribs to move in during umbrella operation. The hub has transverse grooves  51  for receiving and retaining pins or other transverse members of an umbrella rib. Projections that may be flat members, referred to herein as stop blocks  31 , are retention structures that are disposed on the base  3  but can also or alternatively be disposed on the cover  2 . The retention structures extend into the transverse grooves  51  in a first assembly position (as in  FIG. 6 ). One end of each rib of a plurality of ribs is inserted into the grooves  22  and ends of transverse members of the ribs into the transverse grooves  51 . In one embodiment, the retention structures  31  are flexible so that when the shaft pins are pressed against them, the retention structures  31  are deflected. The deflection of the retention structures  31  permits the transverse members to be disposed in the transverse grooves. The position can be between the retention structures  31  and a central axis of the hub, e.g., passing through the centre of the sleeve  25 . Relative movement is provided between the cover  2  and the base  3  to move the cover and base in to engagement (as in  FIG. 7 ). The cover  2  and base  3  of the hub in this position prevent deflection of the retention structures  31 . Deflection is prevented in the  FIG. 7  position because the retention structures  31  are received in a recess that provides a rigid wall on both sides of the free end of the retention structures  31 . These rigid walls hold the free end of the retention structures  31  so that the retention structures  31  will not deflect when the umbrella rib is loaded in normal use in a manner that permits the rib to be dislodged from the hub. There may be some deflection of course, but not sufficient of permit the free end of the retention structures  31  to come free of the rigid structures into which it is received. 
     Various figures show hook-like projections, which may be referred to as “fastening units” and corresponding grooves or inverted grooves, which have surfaces for engaging the hook-like members. These sturtures define first and second positions in a discrete and very secure way. These structures are discussed above in great detail. 
     No fixtures, tools or screws are required for the rib assembly. The assembly is quick, easy and flexible, and the ribs can either be assembled vertically or horizontally. It is also suitable for large-scale application. 
     In this specification, embodiments have been described with reference to specific implementations. However, many modifications and variations can clearly still be made without departing from the essence and scope of the inventions. Therefore, the Specifications and drawings should be considered as illustrative rather than restrictive.