Abstract:
The method and the apparatus object of present invention refers to a system and A method that create, save and format text documents using a device with gaze control and a system of quick positioning of the cursor. The present invention provides a faster interaction and requires a minimum effort with respect to the state of the art interfaces.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present invention is related to the field of interaction techniques in gaze control system interfaces, and in particular to a new system that allows to create, save and format text document using eye tracking devices through a method of fast cursor positioning. 
       STATE OF THE ART 
       [0002]    One of the goal of research in the human-computer interaction field has been and it is, till now, the increase of bandwidth of communication between the user and the machine, because with the introduction of the GUI (graphical user interface), the bandwidth of output data has increased while the bandwidth of input data has remained mostly the same. 
         [0003]    For this purpose several attempts have been made in using eye tracking to decrease the gap between output and input communication bandwidth and since the technology has become robust, accurate and economic enough, there is now a need for a real human-computer interface that makes use of inputs from eye-tracking devices in application development. 
         [0004]    It is therefore necessary to find “interaction techniques” suitable for ocular movements so that to create a dialog user-computer, natural and advantageous, since an user interface based on such input is potentially faster and requires less effort with respect to the current interfaces. 
         [0005]    This interface is difficult to develop for many reasons and in particular because the eyes are perceptive organs and the gaze moves on the screen also when the user records information and he doesn&#39;t want to produce any type of control command. moreover the user, who can be a person with disabilities, can have difficulties to control his own gaze with accuracy high enough to control the computer as desired and this is particularly emphasized if the objects to control on the screen is small. 
         [0006]    IN the state of the art there are a lot of systems that in different ways have tried to develop interaction methods based on the complete management of mouse emulation; in particular some of them provide a pointer movement as A function of gaze movement. 
         [0007]    One of these interaction techniques magnifies the areas present on the screen so that the user can carry out an action in A more reliable way using the pointer and allows to gain access practically to all Windows applications. In these cases such solution isn&#39;t the best because the potential of visual input are reduced to a simple copy of mouse features (moving the cursor with the eyes). Unlike the gesture of arms and hands, stable and directly associated with the voluntary action, the eyes movement shows other features, and it is often unintentional and oriented to acquire information about the external world and don&#39;t show a stable trend. Besides this interaction technique tires the user, slows down the interaction with the artefact and produces a high number of errors. In another system the cursors is placed, in approximate way, on the start of gazed word, after a dwell time or pressing the switch. To move the cursor from letter to letter, after gazing a desired word for a certain time (dwell time), the user must gaze the arrow in the right direction among the 4 shown around the gazed word (a set of 4 arrows into 4 directions). To move slowly the cursor the user must gaze in the appropriate direction. 
         [0008]    Besides is present a particular navigation screen where some buttons provide to move the cursor in all directions, both for small and large movements. To select a text to copy or cut, the user must place the cursor to the start of that text, select a particular button and move the cursor to the end of text to select. 
         [0009]    Other systems show a solution of cursor positioning that combines ocular and manual control; when a manual activation of the user is noticed, the cursor is placed on starting position determined by the user gaze into the selected area. In other more systems, the area of the screen gazed by the user enlarges so that the objects selection has made easy; the components outside this area close up and/or move in relation to such expansion. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0010]    It is an object of the present invention a method and an apparatus to process text document that uses as input the gaze and a method of fast positioning of cursor, developing an interface intuitive and easy to use as described into the claims that are integral part of the present description. 
         [0011]    This apparatus represents a possible layout of an assistive technology extremely innovative to create, save and format text document, based on use of input natural and alternative, as the gaze. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
         [0012]      FIG. 1  Shows a block diagram of the architecture of the method according to the present invention. 
           [0013]      FIG. 2  Shows the flow chart of the method according to the present invention. 
           [0014]      FIG. 3  Shows the flow chart of generation and execution of the action routine according to the present invention. 
           [0015]      FIG. 4  Shows the flow chart of cursor positioning routine. 
           [0016]      FIG. 5  Shows the flow chart of cursor positioning routine for text selection (multiple selection). 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0017]    In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus object of the present invention includes means of data and information processing, means of storage of said data and information and means to interface it with the user. 
         [0018]    Said means of electronic processing of data and information include an appropriate control section, preferably based on at least a microprocessor and, for instance can be carried out from a personal computer. 
         [0019]    Said means of storage include preferably hard disk and flash memory aid means of user interface include means of data visualization, like display, monitor or similar external output unit and eye tracking device to determine the direction of the user gaze. Said at least microprocessor is preferably equipped with an appropriate software program which architecture, described in  FIG. 1 , includes the following modules: a filtering module  10  that processes the user gaze coordinates and makes raw data, coming from eye tracking device, more stable; a Set Action module  11 , that manages graphic interface of the application and that holds the information about the areas components of the interface the user interacts with, and it is responsible to determine which area is currently gazed by the user, the action to perform and carries out it. Said Set Action module  11  holds the information about the action type associated with the activation of a determined component. Said Set Action module  11  is formed by three component modules: Events Management Module  12  that determines the rules to transform the input on the interface into changes on the application states through a mapping between the user action and application reply; a States Management Module  13  that represents the application data and determines the state and the functionalities and an Interface Management Module  14  that represents the visualization of interface objects, and manages the application graphic interface because holds the information related to the areas components of the graphic interface with which the user can interact and determines the interface area currently gazed by the user. 
         [0020]    Referring to the  FIG. 2  the flowchart that represents the connections among the modules previously described is illustrated below and the steps of method according to the present invention are shown.
       a) The user interface of the application, that realises the method in accordance with the present invention and that allows the user to interact with said program through an eye tracking device associated to said electronic processor, is displayed  20  on means of visualization associated to said electronic processor.   b) The user gaze coordinates, as raw data, are calculated  21  from eye tracking device, and represent the gaze coordinates along the axis coordinate obtained with the frequency typical of said eye tracking device.   c) Raw data related to said coordinates are filtered  22  so that render it more stable and suitable to provide information about the user fixations, that is the number of user gaze around a certain area.   d) The filtered data coming from the previous step are sent to Set Action Module  23 .   e) The corresponding action is performed  24  and the user interface of the application changes in reply to the action itself.   f) Return to the above step b) till when the user chooses to exit from the application.       
 
         [0027]    The generation and execution of action, step e) of sequence described in  FIG. 2 , occurs in accordance with the sequence explained following in  FIG. 3 :
       g) The Events Management module processes the event  30  through mapping between it and the application reply, so that every event/action is joined to a corresponding action into the user interface that involves a change of data and in case a change of user interface itself.   h) The Events Management Module  31  sends such information to States Management Module.   i) The States Management Module  32  processes such information and updates its internal state on the basis of received information; said Events Management Module informs the States Management Module that owing to the user action, changes of application states on said user interface need.   j) The Interface Management  33  requires the data for updating to States Management Module and produces a convenient user interface.   k) The Interface Management module  34  has been waiting for following input data.       
 
         [0033]    In particular are described below two methods of cursor positioning and text selection, integral part of this patent, that allow formatting text document quick and efficient using just the gaze control. 
         [0034]    Referring to  FIG. 4 , the cursor positioning—that is placed to the end of text displayed on said user interface, if it is the first opening of text window, or placed as selection carried out at the end of previous session—occurs in accordance with the steps, that explain previous step j) described following. After this positioning the user will can carry out some operation of erasing, insertion, etc. . . . , usually performed during text processing.
       l) The Interface Management module requires data for the update to States Management module and produces a semitransparent window, related to the fixation area, that moves on the text following the user gaze, and a set of buttons that can be selected into the lateral bar, every corresponding to the words included into the fixation area. parole contenute nell&#39;area di fissazione stessa.   m) The Events Management Module receives in input the event related to the selection of word chosen among the buttons into the lateral bar, determines the reply of the application and sends such information to States Management module.   n) The States Management Module processes such information and updates its state.   o) The Interface Management Module requires data for the update to States Management Module and produces a colored bar placed to the end of chosen word.       
 
         [0039]    Referring to  FIG. 4  attached, the positioning of the cursor for the text selection ( FIG. 5 ), occurs following the procedure described previously (step l-o) for the positioning of the first cursor to the start/end of text to select and afterwards following the steps explained below, as result of changes to step j and subsequent.
       p) The Events Management module receives in input the event related to the selection of button “Select”, from lateral bar, determines the reply of application and sends to States Management Module such information. II modulo   q) The States Management Module processes such information and updates its state.   r) The Interface Management Module requires data for updating to States Management Module and it is waiting for further events.   s) The Events Management Module receives in input the event related to the selection of chosen word (previous to the first that the user must select or the next to last) among the buttons of lateral bar, determines the reply of the application and sends such information to States Management Module.   t) The States Management Module processes such information and updates its state.   u) The Interface Management Module requires data for update to States Management Module and colours the text included between the two words as feedback of occurred selection.       
 
         [0046]    After such selection the user will can perform operation of erasing, insertion, formatting etc. in accordance with the sequence described previously.