Abstract:
This disclosure relates to interference management for a security and tracking system of an electronic device. In one embodiment, during a startup process, an electronic device executes a security program and automatically attempts to access a first web server to ascertain whether the electronic devices has been reported as stolen. In response to an unsuccessful attempt to access the first web server, the electronic device may automatically attempt to access a second web server for data regarding operational status of the first web server. In response to unsuccessful attempts to access the first and second web servers, the electronic device may automatically present an interference alert to provide notification that the electronic device will be disabled if the electronic device continues to experience interference. The electronic device may be automatically disabled in response to a predetermined number of startup sequences with interference. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/925,161, filed on Aug. 23, 2004, incorporated herein by reference, which in turn claims priority under 35 USC §119(e)(1) to Provisional Application No. 60/497,182, filed Aug. 23, 2003, incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Theft of electronic devices containing costly hardware and software has become increasingly common. Such thefts may occur because of the value of the electronic device hardware or for access to information contained on the electronic device&#39;s storage accessories such as credit card information, confidential and proprietary business information, and so on. Another use of the stolen device may be to gain access to servers containing confidential information through the electronic device. 
     Physical attachment of the electronic device to the user or an immovable object is one way of preventing theft. Password protection schemes may also be used to discourage theft or at least stop the thief from accessing the information stored on the electronic device. Motion sensors or alarms placed on the electronic device may be another impediment to the would be thief. However, such techniques do not always prevent theft, are costly and once the electronic device is stolen, do not allow tracking or recovery. 
     SUMMARY 
     The problems noted above are solved in large part by the electronic device security and tracking system and method (ESTSM) that includes a plurality of hardware, software and firmware components that cooperate to allow tracking, disabling, and other interaction with the stolen electronic device. The ESTSM electronic device (hereinafter “electronic device”) and the ESTSM server computer system communicate over a communication channel to determine if the user has registered for ESTSM services. The user may be an individual consumer user or a corporate/government user. The corporate/government user&#39;s electronic device may be part of a corporation&#39;s or government organization&#39;s customized ESTSM system. If the electronic device is not registered for ESTSM services, then upon first time power-on and connection to the ESTSM server of the electronic device that includes ESTSM software and firmware, the user is prompted to register for different ESTSM services. Alternatively, ESTSM may remain disabled and the user may register using techniques that include but are not limited to selecting a menu option for registration or selecting an icon on the electronic device&#39;s desktop, or via World Wide Web pages from a remote system other than the ESTSM device itself. The electronic device may be a laptop computer, desktop computer, wearable computer, server computer system, personal digital assistant (PDA), cellular telephone, WLAN capable computer, Smart Phone, tablet personal computer, palm top device and so forth. Each of the services may consist of different monthly, yearly or multi-year service fees or a one time fee for the life of the electronic device. After registration is complete, the ESTSM server computer system communicates over the Internet or another communication protocol such as Short Messaging Service (SMS) with the user to determine if an electronic device has been reported stolen. In accordance with some embodiments of the invention, if the device is reported stolen, the ESTSM server may inform the ESTSM device via a secure communications channel to take the appropriate action based on the service options selected by the user (e.g. disabling the electronic device, destroying the storage device (e.g. hard disk drive (HDD)) data, recovering data, encrypting data and more). In some other embodiments of the invention, an automated voice prompting system at a call center or live call center operator after authentication of the user may communicate with the user to perform ESTSM activities. All ESTSM activities performed through the Internet may also be performed by the call center including registration, reporting a system stolen, reporting system has been recovered and so forth. 
     The ESTSM system may include an electronic device with three components and a server computer system. The three components may be an application component, a non-viewable component and a Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) component. In some embodiments of the invention, the application component includes ESTSM application software that executes under any Windows® operating system (OS). In other embodiments of the invention, the application component software may execute under the Disk Operating System (DOS), Linux operating system, Windows® CE (and its derivatives such as Windows® Mobile, Smart Phone, Pocket PC, and so on), Symbian and Palm operating system and others. In some embodiments of the invention, the application component is responsible for communicating over the Internet with the ESTSM server computer system to determine if the electronic device has been reported stolen. If the device has been reported stolen, the application component along with the ESTSM server computer system will determine what services the user has registered for and will take the appropriate action (e.g. disable the device, communicate identifying information to the server, erase the storage device, recover data, encrypt data, etc). 
     In some embodiments of the invention, the communication medium may be a messaging protocol such as Short Messaging Service (SMS) used in mobile devices such as cell phones and computers using Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) services from wireless service providers such as Verizon Wireless®. In such systems, the server computer system would inform the application component that the device had been reported stolen without the application component querying the server system to determine if the electronic device has been reported stolen. 
     In some embodiments of the invention, the non-viewable component may reside in a hidden partition on the hard disk drive HDD. Alternatively, in some other embodiments of the invention, the non-viewable component may reside in the Host Protected Area (HPA) of the HDD that is not accessible by the operating system of the electronic device. The non-viewable component may include a VALIDATOR program that inspects an ESTSM Communications Area (ECA) to determine if the ESTSM application components have run correctly during the last system boot. The non-viewable component may also contain a copy of the original application component software fileset if the files need to be re-installed to the HDD. 
     ESTSM also consists of a BIOS component that maintains the secured environment of the ESTSM application component. The BIOS component includes a secure nonvolatile area that stores critical information present after electronic device power-off and accessible during electronic device power-on and boot. If only the application component was provided, a simple low level format of the hard disk drive would remove the application and bypass all the security features. ESTSM implements an “application, BIOS and non-viewable component” based solution to electronic device security. The ESTSM BIOS components ensure that a thief cannot bypass or circumvent the ESTSM application from running. 
     On every boot, the BIOS component will check and ensure that the ESTSM application components have not been deleted or tampered with. If the BIOS component detects a problem with any of the application components, it will restore the components from a special hidden partition on the hard disk drive or from system recovery media. In some embodiments of the invention, the recovery media may be a floppy diskette but in other embodiments the recovery media may be a Compact Disc-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM), Universal Serial Bus (USB) key storage device, or other storage device accessible during device boot. 
     In other embodiments of the invention as mentioned above, the electronic device in the ESTSM may include a HDD that contains a HPA. The HPA is not accessible by the operating system of the electronic device or by the user of the electronic device. An ESTSM application component including ESTSM application software may be present on the HDD. The HPA may include an ESTSM non-viewable component. The ESTSM electronic device may also include an ESTSM BIOS component that is capable of communicating with the non-viewable component and application component. An ESTSM server computer system communicates with the other components through an ESTSM Communications Area (ECA) located on the HDD. 
     In some embodiments of the invention, the ESTSM system may include an electronic device with a BIOS component, an application component and a server computer system. On every boot, the BIOS component will check and ensure that the ESTSM application components have not been deleted or tampered with. If the BIOS component detects a problem with any of the application components, it will assume that the ESTSM application components will be installed by the user of the electronic device. If the application component is not installed after a number of unsuccessful attempts, the BIOS component will prevent the user from accessing the electronic device. The application component may be installed by downloading from the ESTSM website or from recovery media that came with the device. 
     In some other embodiments of the invention, the electronic device in the ESTSM includes a Flash memory and may be a PDA, mobile cellular telephone or WLAN capable computer. The Flash memory may contain a changeable area and a system area. The system area is not changeable by the user of the electronic device. The ESTSM application software may reside in the changeable area or the system area depending on the security requirements of the device implementation. An ESTSM server computer system communicates to the ESTSM application software on the electronic device through communication channels that may be the Internet, a wireless medium (such as SMS), a combination of the two, and so on. The PDA, mobile cellular telephone or WLAN capable computer may be continuously connected to the ESTSM server computer system through an always-on Internet connection or other mobile device communication protocols such as Short Messaging Service (SMS). 
     Some aspects of the invention relates to methods for managing interference with a security and tracking system of an electronic device. For example, during a startup process for an electronic device, the electronic device may execute a security program that causes the electronic device to automatically attempt to access a first web server to ascertain whether the electronic devices has been reported as stolen. In response to an unsuccessful attempt to access the first web server, the electronic device may automatically attempt to access a second web server for data regarding operational status of the first web server. The electronic device may also determine whether the electronic device can access a third web server, other than the first and second web servers. In response to unsuccessful attempts to access the first and second web servers and a determination that the electronic device can access the third web server, the electronic device may automatically present an interference alert. The interference alert may provide notification that the electronic device will be disabled if the electronic device continues to experience interference. The security and tracking system may automatically disable the electronic device in response to a predetermined number of startup sequences having experienced unsuccessful attempts to access at least one of the first and second web servers. 
     Numerous alternative embodiments are also contemplated. For instance, in addition to the foregoing example, other method, system, and machine-readable medium aspects of the invention are described in the claims, drawings, and text of the present disclosure. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  shows a screen shot of the registration reminder for the ESTSM; 
         FIGS. 2   a - 2   b  show screen shots of the service offerings and selection page for the ESTSM; 
         FIGS. 3   a - 3   c  shows screen shots of the user registration and information input pages for the ESTSM; 
         FIG. 4  shows a screen shot of a new user registration email sent to a user after they have registered their electronic device with ESTSM; 
         FIG. 5  shows a screen shot of the login page for connecting to ESTSM server computer system in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 6  shows a screen shot of the device registry web page that resides in the ESTSM server computer system in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 7  shows a screen shot of the electronic device status web page that resides in the ESTSM server computer system in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIGS. 8   a - 8   b  show screen shots of web pages that allow a user to report a stolen electronic device in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 9  shows a screen shot of an email containing location identification information for a stolen electronic device in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 10  shows a screen shot from another computer system that can display web pages of a registration web page for ESTSM on a PDA; 
         FIG. 11  shows a screen shot of the service offerings for an ESTSM enabled PDA using another computer system capable of displaying web pages; 
         FIG. 12  shows a screen shot for registration of a PDA with ESTSM in accordance with one embodiment of the invention that requests the user enter the registration key on their PDA; 
         FIG. 13  shows for one embodiment of the invention a screen shot from a Pocket PC requesting the user enter the registration key shown in  FIG. 12 ; 
         FIG. 14  shows a screen shot from a Pocket PC displaying a confirmation key generated after the user enters the registration key; 
         FIG. 15  shows a screen shot from a computer system capable of displaying web pages of Pocket PC verification requesting the user enter the confirmation key from the Pocket PC display; 
         FIG. 16  shows a screen shot from a computer system capable of displaying web pages of a successful registration message for a PDA; 
         FIG. 17  shows a screen shot from a computer system capable of displaying web pages indicating that the PDA is currently secured; 
         FIG. 18  shows a screen shot of the user authentication screen in accordance with one embodiment of the ESTSM invention that may be used by a call center operator to verify the identity of a user; 
         FIG. 19  shows a screen shot of the welcome page for corporate administration of ESTSM; 
         FIG. 20  shows a screen shot of corporate information input and modification by the administrator; 
         FIG. 21  shows a screen shot of a web page that allows a corporate administrator to register a user for ESTSM; 
         FIG. 22  shows a screen shot of a web page that allows a corporate administrator to remove a user&#39;s access to ESTSM; 
         FIG. 23  shows a screen shot of a web page that allows a corporate administrator to purchase licenses for services in ESTSM; 
         FIG. 24  shows a screen shot of a web page that allows a corporate administrator to purchase licenses to upgrade or modify services in ESTSM; 
         FIG. 25  shows a screen shot of a web page that allows a corporate administrator to give permission to users to report their computer stolen in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 26  shows a screen shot of a web page showing menu options selectable by a corporate administrator for administration of ESTSM; 
         FIG. 27  shows a screen shot of a web page that allows a corporate administrator to create a corporate ESTSM account and register a super-user; 
         FIGS. 28   a - 28   b  show screen shots of a web page requesting a corporate administrator to enter a purchase order quotation number for basic or upgraded ESTSM services; 
         FIG. 29  shows a screen shot of a web page that allows a corporate administrator to send an email to a user indicating activation of ESTSM; 
         FIG. 30  shows a screen shot of a web page that allows a corporate administrator to reset a login and password for a user; 
         FIG. 31  shows a screen shot of a web page that allows a corporate administrator to override ESTSM on an electronic device using a generated password; 
         FIG. 32  shows a screen shot of a web page that allows a corporate administrator to stop a machine or user from accessing ESTSM services; 
         FIG. 33  shows a screen shot of a web page that allows a corporate administrator to view the status of an electronic device using the machine id or a user login assigned to the device; 
         FIG. 34  shows a screen shot of a web page that allows a corporate administrator to recover an electronic device that has been reported stolen using a generated password; 
         FIG. 35  shows a screen shot of a web page that allows a corporate administrator to change the settings of the ESTSM server; 
         FIGS. 36   a - 36   b  show screen shots of web pages that allow a corporate administrator to change administrator login and master passwords; 
         FIG. 37  shows the state transitions of an electronic device from a not registered state to registered and active state; 
         FIG. 38  shows the state transitions of an electronic device from a not registered state to registered and active state with the device passing through a never remind state; 
         FIG. 39  shows the state transitions of an electronic device from a registered and active state to deregistered state; 
         FIG. 40  shows the state transitions of an electronic device with ESTSM that is reported stolen and then recovered; 
         FIG. 41  shows the state transitions of an electronic device from a registered and active state to override state; 
         FIG. 42  shows the states of an electronic device registered and active with ESTSM and including the data destroy service; 
         FIG. 43  shows the states of an electronic device registered and active with corporate ESTSM in which the corporate user of the device is removed from ESTSM; 
         FIG. 44  shows the architecture of ESTSM including an electronic device and server computer system in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 45  shows the architecture of ESTSM in accordance with some other embodiments of the invention for PDA or mobile phone connected to server computer system; 
         FIG. 46  shows another embodiment of the ESTSM architecture including an electronic device and server computer system; 
         FIG. 47  shows another embodiment of the ESTSM architecture including an electronic device with a WWW component and server computer system; 
         FIG. 48  shows the architecture of ESTSM in accordance with another embodiment of the invention for an electronic device with Short Messaging Service (SMS) connected to server computer system; 
         FIG. 49  shows a schematic of a computer system that includes a BIOS component, application component and non-viewable component in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 50  shows a schematic of a cellular telephone that includes an application component in a system area in accordance with another embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 51  shows a schematic of the ESTSM server computer system of  FIGS. 44-47  in more detail in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 52  shows the connections between the primary and secondary servers contained in the web server of  FIG. 51  in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 53  is a flow diagram of the BIOS component of the ESTSM in accordance with some embodiments of the invention; 
         FIG. 54  is a flow diagram of the VALIDATOR program in the non-viewable component of the ESTSM in accordance with some embodiments of the invention; 
         FIG. 55  is a flow diagram of the application component of the ESTSM in accordance with some embodiments of the invention; 
         FIG. 56  shows encrypted and encoded communication between a client electronic device and the ESTSM server computer system in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 57  shows encryption and encoding of information by the client electronic device and decoding and decryption of information by the server computer system; 
         FIG. 58  is a flow diagram implemented in the client and server for encoding binary data into text format data in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 59  is a flow diagram implemented in the client and server for decoding text format data into binary data in accordance with one embodiment; 
         FIG. 60  is a flow diagram showing encryption and encoding of SMS messages from SMS server to SMS enabled ESTSM electronic device in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 61  is a flow diagram showing decoding and decryption of SMS messages in accordance with some embodiments of the invention; 
         FIG. 62   a  is a flow diagram showing integration of ESTSM BIOS image files into system BIOS of the electronic device in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 62   b  is a flow diagram showing integration of the ESTSM option ROM into a BIOS binary image; 
         FIG. 63  shows in accordance with another embodiment of the invention integration of ESTSM BIOS image files into electronic device system BIOS using BIOS editor; 
         FIG. 64  shows in accordance with another embodiment of the invention integration of ESTSM BIOS image files into electronic device system BIOS using BIOS Configuration utility; 
         FIG. 65  show screen shots of the service offerings for the ESTSM mobile device; 
         FIG. 66  shows screen shots of the user registration and information input pages for the ESTSM mobile device such as a Smart Phone; 
         FIG. 67  shows a screen shot from a computer system capable of displaying web pages of a successful registration message for a mobile device; 
         FIG. 68  shows a screen shot of the mobile device status web page that resides in the ESTSM server computer system in accordance with some embodiments of the invention; 
         FIG. 69  shows a screen shot of the backup files web page for a mobile device that resides in the ESTSM server computer system in accordance with some embodiments of the invention; 
         FIG. 70  shows a screen shot from a mobile device indicating that the device has been disabled; 
         FIG. 71  is a flow diagram showing implementation of ESTSM on mobile devices; and 
         FIG. 72  shows the state transitions of a mobile device with SMS messages for activation and operation of ESTSM services. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The ESTSM consumer user (i.e. non-corporate user) experience consists of two phases: (1) the registration phase and (2) administration phase via the ESTSM website. In the registration phase, the user creates an account with ESTSM, specifies what ESTSM services he wishes to purchase, and provides user and billing information to complete the registration. 
     Once registration is complete, the typical user will not interact with ESTSM until the electronic device is stolen. At that time, the user can log into the ESTSM website. Once logged in, the user can report the device as stolen, disable the device, or perform other device administration tasks. The user may also initiate all ESTSM device administration tasks through a call center that can validate the identity of the user and perform administrative tasks on the user&#39;s behalf. 
     After registration is complete, the ESTSM server computer system communicates over the Internet with the user to determine if the electronic device has been reported stolen. In accordance with some embodiments of the invention, if the device is reported stolen, the ESTSM server will instruct the electronic device to take the appropriate action based on the service options selected by the user (e.g. disabling the electronic device, destroying the hard disk drive (HDD) data, recovering data, encrypting data and more). 
     When the user purchases the electronic device, the ESTSM components may be pre-installed by the manufacturer of the electronic device. In some embodiments of the invention, the ESTSM registration screen shown in  FIG. 1  will come up when the user starts using his electronic device and the ESTSM system determines that the electronic device is not registered. The ESTSM system determines if the electronic device is registered or not by communicating with the ESTSM server computer system. 
     In some embodiments of the invention, the user may request the manufacturer of the device to preregister the user for ESTSM services after the manufacturer builds the electronic device. In some alternative embodiments of the invention, the device may be preregistered for ESTSM services at the location (e.g. retail store) where the device is purchased. In some embodiments of the invention, the initial fees for the ESTSM services as described below may be included by the manufacturer in the price of the electronic device or may be discounted as a sales promotion for the device. 
     In some other embodiments of the invention, the ESTSM system may be provided to the manufacturer of the electronic device without charge or for a very small fee. The user of the device may select the ESTSM services they want and the revenue generated may be shared by the manufacturer and ESTSM administrator. Thus, the user may “opt-in” to purchase the ESTSM services. In some embodiments of the invention, the ESTSM services may be offered to the user of the electronic device on a trial basis for a limited time. 
     The user can proceed with the registration process at this point, or choose to register at a later time or never. If the user chooses to register at a later time, the ESTSM will remain disabled and the user may register using techniques that include but are not limited to selecting a menu option for registration or selecting an icon on the electronic device&#39;s desktop. If the user proceeds with the registration process, the user will be asked to specify if they are a “new user” or an “existing user” that has other electronic devices running ESTSM. The next stage as shown in  FIGS. 2   a - 2   b  is to choose the ESTSM services for the electronic device. 
       FIGS. 2   a - 2   b  shows the service selection screen that may include the cost of each service and the number of services offered. The services offered and the cost of each service may vary based on the manufacturer and model of the electronic device, the market segment of the electronic device (i.e. business device, home use device) and what the manufacturer has chosen to include for the device. Some manufacturers may want to change the pricing of the services, or offer bundled services to the user. For some embodiments of the invention, as shown below, is a list of the typical services available to the user and the associated costs.
         1. Basic Service—with this service the user has the ability to have the electronic device disabled when it is stolen. However, the location of the stolen electronic device is not tracked and no other operation is performed.   2. Tracking Service—with this service, the location of the stolen electronic device will be tracked and the location report information is sent to the user of the electronic device via email (or the user can call a monitoring station to get the information). There are two sub-options under the tracking service: Track-and-Disable or Continuous Track. In the Track-and-Disable option, the location of the electronic device is captured one time and then the electronic device is disabled. In the Continuous Track option, the location of the electronic device is constantly tracked until the user manually disables the electronic device from the ESTSM website. Electronic devices such as cell phones because they are mobile and cannot be easily tracked may not offer this service.   3. Data Destroy Service—with this service, the hard disk of the stolen electronic device is erased when the thief connects the electronic device to the Internet. This service has two sub-options: (1) Automatically Erase when the electronic device is connected to the Internet, or (2) Manual Erase, the user must manually specify when to erase the hard disk drive via the ESTSM website.   4. Third Party Insurance Signup—with this service, ESTSM will re-direct the user to the website of third party companies that will assist the user in signing up for theft and damage replacement insurance for their electronic device.       
     In some embodiments of the invention, due to the extendible design of ESTSM, new services can be added into the ESTSM registration process as given below:
         1. Data Encryption Service—with this service, a virtual file folder called “My Encrypted Documents” is created on the desktop of the electronic device. In some embodiments of the invention, all files saved in this folder are encrypted by encryption techniques built into the operating system. Access to the folder is denied unless the system is connected to the Internet and the electronic device has not been reported stolen. If the system is not connected to the Internet, the user can optionally enter the ESTSM username and password to get access. In some embodiments of the invention, the user may designate any virtual file folder in the electronic device as an “ESTSM Encrypted Folder.”   2. Data Recovery Service—this service will allow a user to specify critical files and in the case of theft, the software will first recover these files to the ESTSM server computer system, before performing other service option actions. In some embodiments of the invention, a virtual file folder called “My Critical Files” is created on the desktop of the electronic device. The user may store the actual files, copies of files, or shortcut pointers to files in this folder that they want to recover if the electronic device is stolen. In some embodiments of the invention, right clicking a mouse button with the pointer pointing to a file displays a menu allowing the user to mark the file as a “Critical File.” The file&#39;s icon is modified to indicate that it will be recovered if the electronic device is stolen. This embodiment of the invention allows the file to be present anywhere on the HDD of the electronic device rather than in a specific file folder. Some embodiments of the invention may use both the virtual file folder “My Critical Files” as well as files marked as “Critical Files” to indicate files that will be recovered if the electronic device is stolen.       

     In some embodiments of the invention, most of ESTSM services are based on a yearly fee model. Some services such as data recovery may be billed on a per megabyte basis—that is, the user indicates the number of megabytes to be recovered during registration and is billed accordingly. However, if the electronic device is stolen and during data recovery more megabytes are recovered, then a one time fee is charged to the user. The user will automatically be billed at the end of the year to renew the service for one more year. The user will be sent an email before billing to give the user a chance to cancel the service if they wish. 
     The next stage in the registration phase is to create the username and password as shown in  FIGS. 3   a - 3   b  that can be used to log onto the ESTSM website to report a stolen electronic device, etc. Once that is completed, the user must provide his user information (name, address, phone number, and so forth) as shown in  FIG. 3   c  so that the monitoring station can identify the user if the user calls the monitoring station to report a theft. 
     The final part of the registration phase is to provide the billing information for the ESTSM services. This requires the input of a credit card number, debit card number, or checking account number. The information is then validated, the credit card or other billing means is charged and a confirmation email as shown in  FIG. 4  is sent to the end user, corporation or insurance company that just completed the registration. The user will have to click a link at the end of the email to activate the ESTSM on that electronic device. In some embodiments of the invention, periodic ESTSM service charges may be billed by adding these charges to the existing electronic device bill. For example, ESTSM monthly service charges may be added to the users&#39; existing mobile phone bill for ESTSM registered mobile phones. 
     As mentioned above, ESTSM provides a website from which the user may administer the ESTSM services on the electronic device. In some embodiments of the invention, corporate users may have limited administrative capabilities because of their access permissions (described in more detail below). As shown in  FIG. 5 , the user must first log into the website using the username and password that was created during the registration phase. A user without access to the Internet (i.e. his electronic device was stolen), can call the ESTSM monitoring station to perform the administrative functions described below for the electronic device. 
     Once the user has logged into the ESTSM website, the main ESTSM menu in accordance with some embodiments of the invention is presented as shown in the left hand portion of  FIG. 6 . In some embodiments of the invention, corporate and noncorporate users may have different ESTSM menus. 
     The “Device Registry” portion of the page in  FIG. 6  shows all the electronic devices the user currently has registered with ESTSM. By clicking on a device image from the “Device Registry” page of the ESTSM website, the user is taken to the “Device Status” page shown in  FIG. 7 . On the “Device Status” web page for each device, the user can perform the following tasks: (1) View the status of the user&#39;s electronic devices running ESTSM; (2) Report an electronic device stolen; (3) Recover and re-enable a stolen system that has been found; (4) Upgrade or change the ESTSM service options; (5) Show the Billing and Electronic Device Location/Status Logs; (6) Perform User Management functions such as changing the user information, password and billing information; and (7) Perform Data Management functions such as viewing recovered data and transferring recovered data to another device. 
     As shown in  FIG. 7 , the “Device Status” page shows for each electronic device, the Model Name, System Description, Current State, ESTSM Services Active on the Device, and Last Connection to ESTSM Server. Depending on the Current State and the services selected by the user, certain task buttons will appear below the electronic device information. These task buttons let you perform different operations on the device (e.g. report the electronic device stolen and so forth). As shown in  FIG. 7 , the user may click on the button labeled “Report Stolen” to start the process of reporting an electronic device stolen. The user will be taken to the “Report a Stolen Device” web pages shown in  FIGS. 8   a - 8   b . The user fills out the information on the web page to generate a theft incident report and the ESTSM site will log this report so that it may be given later to the appropriate authorities as proof of filing the theft incident report. This documentation may be provided to the user upon request. 
     Once the report is completed, the electronic device will be put in the REPORTED STOLEN state (states of ESTSM are described in detail below). At this point, if the electronic device is connected to the Internet, the electronic device state will change to either BEING TRACKED or DISABLED state. 
     In some other embodiments of the invention, mobile devices such as cell phones, Smart Phones, and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) capable computers that may be always connected to the ESTSM server and contacted at anytime by the server can communicate through a message passing scheme. Message passing schemes may be SMS, WWW message passing protocol based on Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), or Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS). The state diagram for mobile devices is shown in  FIG. 72 . 
     If the electronic device is in the BEING TRACKED state, the user will receive an email, an example of which is shown in  FIG. 9 , documenting the location of the stolen electronic device. This location information may contain the following information: (1) IP address of the stolen electronic device (2) domain name on the Internet of the stolen electronic device (3) owner of the domain name (4) contact information for the domain name owner (5) name and contact information of the Internet Service Provider (ISP) and (6) date and time of IP address connection. 
     With this information, the user may pursue recovery with the appropriate authorities. The information provided may be used to track the exact location of the electronic device. For example, ISPs may identify the network port, cable modem or phone number from which the electronic device was connected when provided with the IP address, date and time of the connection. A location tracking report email will be sent to the user each time the electronic device is connected to the Internet. If the “Track and Disable” service option is selected, by the user, then only one tracking location will be recorded since the electronic device will be automatically disabled once the location is recorded. 
     In some embodiments of the invention, ESTSM registration as shown in  FIG. 10  for a PDA, mobile cellular telephone, or Smart Phone device may be performed using another computer system that can display ESTSM registration web pages. In some embodiments of the invention, a different set of ESTSM services as shown in  FIG. 11  may be offered for the PDA. Thus, the manufacturer may offer, but not be limited to, a Basic service and a Data backup service for the device as shown in  FIG. 11 . 
     After the user has selected the ESTSM services for their PDA, in some embodiments of the invention, the ESTSM system as shown in  FIG. 12  may request that the user interact with the ESTSM application on the PDA and enter the registration key into the device as shown in  FIG. 13 . Entering the registration key into the device may be the first step to start a multi-step registration process that ensures that the correct electronic device is being registered. The PDA will then display a confirmation key as shown in  FIG. 14 . The user through the computer system capable of displaying ESTSM web pages may then enter into the PDA verification screen shown in  FIG. 15  the confirmation key and a system description. The registration process for the PDA is successfully completed as shown in  FIG. 16  and the device is secured as shown in  FIG. 17 . In some other embodiments of the invention, ESTSM registration may not require any user intervention with the ESTSM electronic device except an acknowledgement from the user at the end of the successful registration. 
     In some embodiments of the invention, an automated voice prompting system at a call center or live call center operator after authentication of the user as shown in  FIG. 18  may communicate with the user to perform ESTSM activities. All ESTSM activities performed through the Internet may also be performed by the call center including registration, reporting a system stolen, reporting system has been recovered and so forth. 
     In most business or government organizations, a central IT staff is responsible for configuring, maintaining and purchasing licenses for electronic devices. ESTSM is designed to work easily in controlled corporate or government environments. Electronic devices registered to corporations or government entities using corporate/government registration may contain a different set of administration pages and user pages as compared to non-corporate users. In some embodiments of the invention, the corporate web pages may be as shown in  FIGS. 19-25 . Web pages for government entities would be similar to the corporate web pages shown in  FIGS. 19-25 . Corporate ESTSM systems may be designed to be centrally maintained and administered as required by corporate customers. When a corporate account is created, a central administrator or manager is specified. The central manager can then create other managers and users and purchase and assign licenses to these managers and users as shown in FIGS.  21  and  23 - 24 . As shown in  FIG. 21 , the central manager can assign user permissions to other managers. Thus, the corporation can control which users are allowed to report stolen electronic devices as shown in  FIG. 25 , remove users as shown in  FIG. 22 , purchase more licenses, upgrade services, etc. 
     For electronic devices registered to corporations or government entities, the ESTSM may contain the user&#39;s position within the company and associate user permissions with that position as shown in  FIG. 21 . Thus, if a user leaves the company, the electronic device may be assigned to another employee transparently and without any change in service fees. The ex-employees account information on ESTSM may be disabled and removed as shown in  FIG. 22 , so that the ex-employee may not falsely report an electronic device stolen to disable access to the device. 
     Some embodiments of the registration and administration technique for electronic devices in ESTSM for corporations is shown in  FIGS. 26-36   b . A corporate administrator may access the ESTSM server computer system located in the monitoring station by calling the monitoring station or through the Internet. In some embodiments of the invention, the corporation or government entity may have the ESTSM server computer system located within their own premises for greater security and control. In this embodiment of the invention, the administrator can access the server system through a terminal connected to the server or from a computer system at a remote site connected to the server system through the Internet. 
     The corporate or government entity can setup a corporate account to use ESTSM. The corporation or government entity can purchase services licenses in “bulk” (i.e. 100 Data Destroy Services, 50 Tracking Services, etc). The licenses can be paid for via standard purchasing methods such as Purchase Orders as shown in  FIGS. 28   a - 28   b , net 30 day terms, etc. The corporation or government entity receives a license number for each purchase. This license number is given to the end users in the corporate or government entity who will consume the license. Alternatively, the corporation or government entity may pay a non-recurring one time fee for individual services. 
     The corporate or government end user will register in a similar fashion as described above. However, in some embodiments of the invention, when creating the username and password, the user can enter the license number for the “License Number” field as shown in  FIG. 3   a . In this embodiment of the invention, the end user will not be required to select the services as they will be determined by the services paid for in the license number. Also, the end user will not have to provide a credit card or other form of payment. 
     The administrator of the corporate or governmental ESTSM account can manage and configure the electronic devices in the corporation or government entity that have the ESTSM application installed. Thus, for example, the administrator may re-send an activation email to a user of an ESTSM enabled electronic device as shown in  FIG. 29  or send a login and password reminder to the user as shown in  FIG. 30 . The administrator may override an individual user&#39;s access to an electronic device as shown in  FIG. 31 , deregister an electronic device from the ESTSM system, or remove user access to ESTSM enabled electronic devices as shown in  FIG. 32 . The current state of the electronic device (ACTIVE, REPORTED STOLEN, BEING TRACKED, DISABLED, HALF-RECOVERED, and so on as described in detail below) registered with ESTSM may be viewed by the corporate or government administrator by entering the machine id, the login id of the user, mobile phone number, or any other ESTSM device specific identification as shown in  FIG. 33 . The administrator can also perform other administrative tasks such as recover an ESTSM enabled system as shown in  FIG. 34 , change server settings as shown in  FIG. 35 , or change the administrator login password or administrator master password as shown in  FIGS. 36   a - 36   b.    
     The administrator may add new users to the ESTSM system and designate the rights and permissions of users so that these users have administrator capabilities. Users on a corporate or governmental ESTSM account may heave permission to report their ESTSM device stolen, perform user management functions, and so forth. 
     As mentioned above and shown in  FIG. 7 , the “Device Status” page displays task buttons below the electronic device information. The task buttons displayed depend on the current state of ESTSM and the services selected by the user. The task buttons let the user perform different operations on the device (e.g. report the electronic device stolen and so forth). 
     Each electronic device can have one of the following current states: ACTIVE, REPORTED STOLEN, BEING TRACKED, DISABLED and HALF-RECOVERED. The definition of each of the states is given below:
         1. ACTIVE—This state indicates that ESTSM is actively running on the electronic device. The electronic device has not been reported stolen.   2. REPORTED STOLEN—This state indicates that the electronic device has been reported stolen by the user, but the electronic device in some embodiments of the invention has not communicated with the ESTSM server after being reported stolen.   3. BEING TRACKED—This state indicates that the electronic device has been reported stolen by the user and the electronic device has communicated with the ESTSM server. The ESTSM server has captured location information of the stolen device. Once the system is in the BEING TRACKED state, other actions can be performed such as disabling the electronic device (if the Continuous Track option has been selected) or erasing the hard disk drive (if Manual Data Destroy Service has been selected).   4. DISABLED—The stolen electronic device has been disabled by ESTSM. The system is now in the locked state and can not be used. If the system is recovered by the user, they will need to obtain the activation password to re-enable access to the electronic device.   5. HALF-RECOVERED—This state indicates that the electronic device has not been totally recovered. The user of the electronic device has reported that the device has been recovered. The user must enter the activation password on the electronic device to re-enable access.       

     The ESTSM system may also be in one of these other states:
         1. NOT REGISTERED—The electronic device is not registered with the ESTM system. The device will be in this state if the user chooses not to register with ESTSM when prompted to do so upon first time power-on of the electronic device.   2. DE-REGISTERED—ESTSM is no longer active on this electronic device. The user may want to put the electronic device in this state in the event that the transfer of electronic device from one user to another is to take place. Once the electronic device is placed in the DE-REGISTERED state, the user must re-register the electronic device (which may involve re-paying service fees) to re-activate the electronic device.   3. USER REMOVED—For users of a corporate ESTSM system, the ESTSM corporate administrator may remove a user&#39;s access rights to the ESTSM system. This situation may occur when the user leaves the company.   4. NEVER REMIND—This state indicates that the user of the electronic device does not want to be reminded to register with the ESTSM system. This state may be entered if the user activates the “Never Remind” option in the registration process. After activating “Never Remind”, the user may register with ESTSM by manually selecting “Register Now” option on the ESTSM application icon and successfully completing the registration process.   5. REGISTERED NOT ACTIVATED—In this state the user has successfully registered the electronic device through the registration process but has not clicked on the link sent with the activation email to complete the registration process.   6. GOING TO DISABLE—This state indicates that the user has selected the “Disable” option after the electronic device has been reported stolen and is being tracked.   7. OVERRIDE—This state indicates that ESTSM has been disabled temporarily by the user. This may be because the application component is not able to communicate with the ESTSM server computer system. To use the electronic device while in this state, the user enters an activation password when prompted with a warning.   8. ERASE HARDDISK—This state indicates that the user selected “Data Destroy Services” option when registering with the ESTSM system. This state is entered after the user reports the electronic device as stolen and the device is connected to the Internet and tracked.   9. ACTIVATION PENDING—A message has been sent to the electronic device and the ESTSM server is waiting for an acknowledgment.   10. DISABLED DATA BACKUP—This state indicates that the electronic device is disabled after the data on the electronic device has been backed up.   11. ACTIVE DATA BACKUP—This state indicates that the device has been re-enabled after it was in the DISABLED DATA BACKUP state and a successful acknowledgment is received from the electronic device. In this state, the user may restore the data back on the electronic device from the backup on the ESTSM server.   12. BACKUP IN PROGRESS—In this state the electronic device has been disabled and the ESTSM server is in the process of getting the data from the device.   13. RESTORE IN PROGRESS—The user has requested that the data backed up on the ESTSM server be restored into the electronic device and the restore is in progress.   14. ENABLE PENDING—This state indicates that the stolen electronic device has been re-enabled and the ESTSM server has sent the message to the electronic device and is awaiting acknowledgment.   15. ENABLE AFTER RECOVERY—This state indicates that the electronic device was enabled from either the BACKUP IN PROGRESS state or the DISABLED DATA BACKUP state. The electronic device is sent a message and the state is changed after receiving a confirmation.       

     Turning now to  FIGS. 37-44  and  FIG. 72 , state diagrams including the states described above and the conditions to enter and exit the states are shown.  FIG. 37  shows the states and transitions of an electronic device in ESTSM from a not registered state to registered and active state. After the user goes through the registration process  3720 , an electronic device in the not registered state  3710  transitions into the registered and not activated state  3730 . Once the user clicks on an activation email  3740  on the electronic device or calls an activation telephone number, the device becomes registered and activated  3750 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 38 , the states and transitions of an electronic device in ESTSM from a not registered state  3810  to registered and active state with the device passing through a never remind state are shown. If the user clicks the never remind option shown in  FIG. 1 , the electronic device transitions  3820  to the never remind state  3830 . Next, if the user at a later time decides to manually register (i.e. in some embodiments of the invention by clicking on an ESTSM application icon on the graphical interface of the device and going through registration process  3840 ), the electronic device is placed into a registered and not activated state  3850 . Once the user clicks on an activation email  3860  on the electronic device or calls an activation telephone number, the device becomes registered and activated  3870 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 39 , the states and transitions of an electronic device in ESTSM from a registered and active state to deregistered state are shown. The user may decide they no longer want ESTSM services and select the “Stop ESTSM” option  3920  shown in  FIG. 7 . The electronic device that was previously in the registered and active state  3910  will transition to the deregistered state  3930  after selection of “Stop ESTSM.” 
     Referring to  FIG. 40 , the states and transitions of an electronic device in ESTSM that is reported stolen and then tracked, disabled, and recovered are shown. During registration and activation with ESTSM, the user must select the Track and Disable service option to activate the states and transitions shown in  FIG. 40 . Once the electronic device is registered and active with ESTSM  4010  and the user reports the system stolen  4015 , ESTSM will place the device into the reported stolen state  4020 . When the electronic device is next connected to the Internet  4025 , ESTSM will begin tracking the device in the being tracked state  4030 . The user is sent a location identification email shown in  FIG. 9  and because the user had selected the track and disable service is again given the option to disable  4035 . If the user selects disable  4035  then the electronic device is placed into the going to disable state  4040 . The Application component on the electronic device disables the device  4045  and informs the ESTSM server computer system that the electronic device is in a disabled state  4050 . If the user recovers the device and performs the recovery procedure  4055 , the electronic device is placed into the half recovered state  4060 . Next, the Application component on the electronic device informs the ESTSM server computer system that it is operating normally  4065  and the electronic device transitions back into the registered and active state  4010 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 41 , the states and transitions of an electronic device in ESTSM from a registered and active state  4110  to override state  4130  are shown. As described above, to continue using the electronic device if the Application component on the electronic device is unable to communicate with the ESTSM server computer system, the user must enter an activation password  4120 . ESTSM on the electronic device is then bypassed in the override state  4130 . If the electronic device is not reported stolen and the ESTSM Application component re-establishes communication with the ESTSM server computer system  4140 , the electronic device returns back to the registered and active state  4110 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 42 , the states and transitions of an electronic device in ESTSM for the “Data Destroy Service” is shown. As shown in  FIG. 2   b , the user may select the “Data Destroy Service” that erases the electronic device hard disk drive. If the “Data Destroy Service” is selected, the electronic device registered and active  4210  with ESTSM may be reported stolen  4220  by the user. A stolen electronic device is placed into the reported stolen state  4230  and once the stolen device connects to the Internet  4240 , it is placed into the being tracked state  4250 . The user is sent a location identification email shown in  FIG. 9  and because the user had selected the data destroy service is again given the option to select or bypass data destroy. If the user selects data destroy  4260 , then the Application component on the electronic device erases the hard disk drive and the electronic device is in the erase hard disk state  4270 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 43 , the states and transitions of an electronic device in which the corporate user of the device is removed from ESTSM is shown. As described above, a corporate user may have an electronic device which is registered and active  4310  with ESTSM. If ESTSM were not installed on the electronic device but rather the device was protected by a password known only to the user, the electronic device would be rendered unusable if the user left the organization. With ESTSM, if the corporate user leaves the organization  4320 , the corporate administrator may remove the user&#39;s access rights to the ESTSM system. The electronic device used by the user is placed into the user removed state  4330 . 
     If an electronic device is in the REPORTED STOLEN, BEING TRACKED or DISABLED state, the user can use a “System Recovered” interface that may be a button to bring the electronic device back to the ACTIVE state. The procedure after the electronic device is recovered may be different depending on the ESTSM services selected for the recovered electronic device and the current state of the electronic device. In some embodiments of the invention, the user may be required to fill out a recovery incident report, which documents the circumstances under which the electronic device was recovered. 
     The electronic device may be in the HALF-RECOVERED state when recovered, indicating that the electronic device is currently locked from boot access. The electronic device screen will show system information such as the manufacturer, model number and serial number of the electronic device and an unlock key. The electronic device screen will prompt the user to enter an activation password to re-enable boot access to the device. On the ESTSM website, after completing the recovery incident report, the user will be asked to enter the system information and unlock key indicated on the screen of the electronic device. The ESTSM server computer system will generate the activation password that the user can enter on the recovered electronic device to re-enable boot access. 
     From the ESTSM website, a user may also view the ESTSM services that are currently active on any of their electronic devices. The user may also add other ESTSM services and be billed accordingly. The user may also switch the options of certain services. For example, as shown in  FIG. 2   a , the user may switch from “Track and Disable” option to “Continuous Track” option under the “Tracking Service.” 
     A user may be informed by the Application component of new services that are available for ESTSM. In some embodiments, the Application component may display a pop-up information message box that explains the new services along with pricing information. The Application component may optionally allow the user to purchase the new service using an interface in the message box. 
     The user may also view billing information about their account. The billing information will show all charges to the user&#39;s credit card and the services which were purchased along with the date of purchase. 
     The ESTSM server computer system includes electronic device status logs that show all the ESTSM activity for an electronic device. The user may view the electronic device status logs. These logs may be used to see when an electronic device was reported stolen, a summary of the tracking location information collected for an electronic device, date and times of recovery or device disabling events, and any other device status information. 
     The ESTSM website may also be used to update user information, such as address, telephone number, email address, and so forth. Also, the user&#39;s billing information such as the credit card number and expiration date may also be updated. 
     The user may want to upgrade the operating system or hardware (specifically the hard disk drive) on the electronic device. As described above, the ESTSM BIOS ensures that the ESTSM application components may not be removed from the hard disk drive. Thus, if the user upgrades to a new hard disk drive, the user will be asked to insert the electronic device&#39;s recovery media. In some embodiments of the invention, the recovery media may be a floppy diskette but in other embodiments the recovery media may be a Compact Disc-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) or Universal Serial Bus (USB) key storage device. The ESTSM BIOS will prevent the system from booting until it detects the presence of the recovery media. The ESTSM BIOS component will automatically run a special program from the recovery media and this program will re-install all the ESTSM application components and special hidden partition on the hard disk drive (described in greater detail below). In some other embodiments of the invention where a special hidden partition is not present, the user may load the ESTSM application components into the hard disk drive directly. 
     The user has to take no special action to upgrade the operating system on an electronic device that already has the ESTSM components properly installed and running. When the user upgrades the OS, the ESTSM application components will also be maintained as part of the OS upgrade. If the ESTSM components are removed inadvertently, the ESTSM BIOS component will automatically re-install the ESTSM application components from a special hidden partition that exists on the hard disk. This operation will be transparent to the user. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 44 , in some embodiments of the invention, the ESTSM architecture consists of application components  4405 , non-viewable component  4415  and a BIOS component  4410  that work together to provide a secure environment for electronic device operation. The application components may be files stored on a hard disk drive (HDD)  4400  of the electronic device and may include startup files  4420 , ESTSM application  4425 , and ESTSM Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL)  4430 . A web browser application  4435  connected to and capable of communicating with the ESTSM DLL  4430  may be present on the HDD. The application component runs within the operating system environment and is responsible for communicating with the ESTSM server computer system  4480  through the Internet  4475 . Server computer system  4480  includes a number of servers  4470   a ,  4470   b , . . .  4470   n  that may be web servers containing the web pages and data for ESTSM described above. The application component  4405  determines from the ESTSM server computer system  4480  if the electronic device has been reported stolen, and if so, the application component takes the appropriate action based on the services the user registered for (i.e. disable electronic device, track location, erase hard disk drive, etc). 
     The BIOS component  4410  ensures that the application component  4405  cannot be removed from the system or bypassed in any way. The BIOS component  4410  consists of a small piece of code that resides in the system BIOS ROM image located in a secure non-volatile area  4465 . In some embodiments of the invention, a non-viewable component  4415  program VALIDATOR  4450  resides on a special hidden partition  4455  of the hard disk drive and is executed during Power-On-Self-Test (POST) of the electronic device. Every time the electronic device boots up, the BIOS component  4410  will check the integrity of the ESTSM non-viewable component  4415  and application component  4405  programs and files, and restore the original programs and files, if they have been tampered with. Furthermore, the BIOS component  4410  will ensure that the application component  4405  has run properly on the previous device boot and will take action if it is determined that an attempt to bypass the application component  4405  has occurred. 
     In some embodiments of the invention, the BIOS component  4410  consists of a BIOS ROM image that is integrated into the system BIOS. The non-viewable component  4415  consists of a VALIDATOR program  4450  which resides in a special hidden partition  4455  created by ESTSM. Together, the ROM image and VALIDATOR cooperate to make sure that someone cannot bypass or circumvent the ESTSM application component  4405  from running. This is done by the ESTSM BIOS in the three ways shown below. In this document, reference made to “ESTSM BIOS” may refer to the code in the BIOS ROM image or VALIDATOR or combination of both.
     1. Validating the integrity of the ESTSM special hidden partition  4455  and VALIDATOR program  4450 . The ESTSM hidden partition  4455  contains the VALIDATOR program  4450  and also contains a copy of the original application component fileset  4445 . If the ESTSM hidden partition  4455  has been deleted from the electronic device&#39;s hard disk drive  4400  or in some other way altered, the ESTSM BIOS ROM image component will detect this and effectively force re-installation of the partition  4455  and original fileset  4445  from the recovery media  4460 . This prevents someone from simply low level formatting the hard disk drive, or just replacing the hard disk drive with a new blank disk to bypass ESTSM. The ESTSM VALIDATOR program  4450  can then “re-install” the ESTSM application component  4405  from the ESTSM Backup (Original) fileset  4445  on the special hidden ESTSM partition  4455  of the hard disk drive  4400 .   2. Verifying that the application has been run on each boot. The ESTSM BIOS implements a messaging protocol with the ESTSM application components  4405  to ensure that the ESTSM application components  4405  are run on every boot. This messaging protocol utilizes the ESTSM Communications Area (ECA)  4440 . In order to bypass ESTSM, someone may delete key ESTSM application files in an attempt to prevent the ESTSM application from running. Furthermore, the thief may develop applications that will prevent ESTSM from running on every boot even though it is correctly installed on the electronic device&#39;s hard disk drive. The ESTSM application and BIOS components work together to make sure that the ESTSM application runs on every boot. If the ESTSM application component does not run after the electronic device has booted, the ESTSM system will allow the electronic device to boot a limited number of times and attempt to run the ESTSM application component. If the ESTSM application component does not run during any of these retries, the electronic device will be prevented from booting after system POST. For devices like PDA or Smart Phones this procedure is not required since the application component is not removable or replaceable.   3. Disabling a stolen electronic device reported as stolen so it may not boot the operating system. If the ESTSM application component  4405  detects that the electronic device has been reported stolen, it will inform the BIOS of the theft and freeze the system. If the thief powers off the electronic device and attempts to boot the system again, the ESTSM BIOS will prevent the system from booting the operating system. If the electronic device is recovered and returned to the original user, the user can “unlock” the device as described above so it can boot.   

     In some embodiments of the invention as shown in  FIG. 45 , the architecture for an ESTSM enabled PDA, WLAN capable computer, mobile phone that in some embodiments may be a cell phone, or Smart Phone may include a Flash memory  4500  containing a changeable area  4510  and a system area  4520 . The system area  4520  may include application components  4530  containing ESTSM application programs and a secure non-volatile area  4540  coupled to the application components  4530 . In some embodiments of the invention, the system area  4520  may be non-viewable and implemented in non-volatile memory. The ESTSM enabled PDA, WLAN capable computer, mobile phone, or Smart Phone may continuously communicate to an ESTSM Server Computer System  4560  through an always-on Internet connection  4550  or other mobile device communication protocols such as Short Messaging Service (SMS). Server computer system  4560  includes a number of servers  4570   a ,  4570   b , . . .  4570   n  that may be web servers containing the web pages and data for ESTSM described above. 
     In some embodiments of the invention as shown in  FIG. 46 , an ESTSM enabled electronic device may contain a HDD  4600  including an application component  4610  and an ESTSM Communications Area (ECA)  4620 . Through an Internet connection  4690 , the ECA  4620  allows the electronic device to communicate with the ESTSM Server Computer System  4685 . Server computer system  4685  includes a number of servers  4685   a ,  4685   b , . . .  4685   n  that may be web servers containing the web pages and data for ESTSM described above. The HDD may include a Host Protected Area (HPA)  4630  containing ESTSM non-viewable components  4640 . The non-viewable components  4640  may include a VALIDATOR program  4650  that inspects an ECA  4620  to determine if the ESTSM application components  4610  have run correctly during the last system boot. The non-viewable component may also contain a copy of the original application component software fileset  4660  if the files need to be re-installed to the HDD. As described above, every time the electronic device boots up, the BIOS component  4675  will check the integrity of the ESTSM non-viewable components  4640  and application component  4610  programs and files, and restore the original programs and files from the backup fileset  4660  or from recovery media  4670 , if they have been tampered with. Furthermore, the BIOS component  4675  will ensure that the application component  4610  has run properly on the previous device boot and will take action if it is determined that an attempt to bypass the application component  4610  has occurred. 
     In some embodiments of the invention as shown in  FIG. 47 , the ESTSM enabled electronic device may include a HDD  4700  containing an application component  4710  that receives and transmits information to a remote component that may be an ESTSM WWW component  4725  through the Internet  4723 . In some embodiments of the invention, the application component may reside in the ESTSM WWW component  4725  on the ESTSM website and may be installed by the user from the ESTSM website. The application component  4710  may be coupled to an ECA  4720 . The ECA  4720  may couple to a BIOS component  4730  that is connected to a secure non-volatile area  4740  as described above. The ESTSM application component  4710  may communicate through the ECA  4720  to the BIOS component  4730 . The ECA  4720  also allows the application and BIOS components to communicate with an ESTSM server computer system  4750  through an Internet connection  4770 . Server computer system  4750  includes a number of servers  4760   a ,  4760   b , . . .  4760   n  that may be web servers containing the web pages and data for ESTSM described above. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 48 , in accordance with some other embodiments of the invention, the architecture for an ESTSM enabled electronic device with Short Messaging Service (SMS) capability is shown. The ESTSM enabled electronic device with SMS capability may be a PDA, WLAN capable computer, mobile phone that in some embodiments may be a cell phone, or Smart Phone. The electronic device may include a Flash memory  4800  containing a changeable area  4810  that functions like non-volatile storage and may include a file system. A system area  4820  in the Flash memory  4800  that is non-changeable to a user of the electronic device may include an ESTSM SMS component  4830 , ESTSM application component  4840  and a secure non-volatile area  4850  coupled to the application component  4840 . The application component  4840  communicates with web servers  4870   a ,  4870   b , . . .  4870   n  in the ESTSM server computer system through an Internet connection  4845 . The ESTSM server computer system also includes a SMS server  4860  coupled to the SMS component  4830  through a wireless communication connection  4855  such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) or Global Mobile System (GSM). In some embodiments, the SMS component  4830  communicates with the ESTSM server using SMS services on the electronic device when an Internet connection is not available. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 49 , a computer system that includes a BIOS component, application component and non-viewable component in accordance with some embodiments of the invention is shown. Computer system  4900  may be configured in any number of ways, including as a laptop unit, a desktop unit, a network server, or any other configuration. Computer system  4900  generally includes a central processing unit (CPU)  4902  coupled to a main memory array  4906  and to a variety of other peripheral computer system components through an integrated bridge logic device  4904 . The bridge logic device  4904  is sometimes referred to as a “North bridge” for no other reason than it often is depicted at the upper end of a computer system drawing. The CPU  4902  couples to North bridge logic device  4904  via a CPU bus  4908 , or the bridge logic device  4904  may be integrated into the CPU  4902 . The CPU  4902  may comprise, for example, a Pentium™ IV microprocessor. It should be understood, however, that computer system  4900  could include other alternative types of microprocessors. Further, an embodiment of computer system  4900  may include a multiple-CPU architecture, with each processor coupled to the bridge logic device  4904 . An external cache memory unit  4909  further may couple to the CPU bus  4908  or directly to the CPU  4902 . 
     The main memory array  4906  couples to the bridge logic unit  4904  through a memory bus  4910 . The main memory  4906  functions as the working memory for the CPU  4902  and generally includes a conventional memory device or array of memory devices in which program instructions and data are stored. The main memory array may comprise any suitable type of memory such as dynamic random access memory (DRAM) or any of the various types of DRAM devices such as synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), extended data output DRAM (EDO DRAM), or Rambus™ DRAM (RDRAM). 
     The North bridge logic device  4904  couples the CPU  4902  and memory  4906  to the peripheral devices in the system through a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus  4912  or other expansion bus, such as an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The present invention, however, is not limited to any particular type of expansion bus, and thus various buses may be used, including a high speed (66 MHz or faster) PCI bus. Various peripheral devices that implement the PCI protocol may reside on the PCI bus  4912 , as well. 
     The computer system  4900  includes a graphics controller  4916  that couples to the bridge logic device  4904  via an expansion bus  4914 . As shown in  FIG. 49 , the expansion bus  4914  comprises an Advanced Graphics Port (AGP) bus. Alternatively, the graphics controller  4916  may couple to bridge logic device  4904  through the PCI bus  4912 . The graphics controller  4916  may embody a typical graphics accelerator generally known in the art to render three-dimensional data structures on display  4918 . 
     Bridge logic device  4904  includes a PCI interface to permit master cycles to be transmitted and received by bridge logic device  4904 . The bridge logic device  4904  also includes an interface for initiating and receiving cycles to and from components on the AGP bus  4914 . The display  4918  comprises any suitable electronic display device upon which an image or text can be represented. A suitable display device may include, for example, a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), a thin film transistor (TFT), a virtual retinal display (VRD), or any other type of suitable display device for a computer system. 
     The computer system  4900  optionally may include a Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) drive  4932  coupled to the PCI bus  4912 . The PCMCIA drive  4932  is accessible from the outside of the computer and accepts one or more expansion cards that are housed in special PCMCIA cards, enclosures which are approximately the size of credit cards but slightly thicker. Accordingly, PCMCIA ports are particularly useful in laptop computer systems, in which space is at a premium. A PCMCIA card typically includes one connector that attaches to the PCMCIA port  4932 , and additional connectors may be included for attaching cables or other devices to the card outside of the computer  4900 . Accordingly, various types of PCMCIA cards are available, including modem cards, network interface cards, bus controller cards, and memory expansion cards. 
     If other secondary expansion buses are provided in the computer system, another bridge logic device typically couples the PCI bus  4912  to that expansion bus. This bridge logic device is sometimes referred to as a “South bridge,” reflecting its location vis-à-vis the North bridge in a typical computer system drawing. In  FIG. 49 , the South bridge logic device  4922  couples the PCI bus  4912  to an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus  4926  and to an Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) bus  4964 . The IDE bus  4964  typically interfaces input and output devices such as a CD ROM drive, a Digital Video Disc (DVD) drive, a hard disk drive, and one or more floppy disk drives. In accordance with the embodiment of the invention shown in  FIG. 44 , the IDE bus  4964  shown in  FIG. 49  couples to HDD  4400 . ESTSM application component  4405  and ECA  4440  may be executable software files stored in a file system of HDD  4400 . Hidden partition  4455  in HDD  4400  may include ESTSM non-viewable components  4415  as described in detail above with reference to  FIG. 44 . 
     Various ISA-compatible devices are shown coupled to the ISA bus  4926 , including a BIOS ROM  4944 . The BIOS ROM  4944  is a memory device that stores commands which instruct the computer how to perform basic functions such as sending video data to the display or accessing data on hard floppy disk drives. In addition, the BIOS ROM  4944  may be used to store power management instructions for hardware-based (or “legacy”) power management systems or to store register definitions for software-based power management systems. The BIOS instructions also enable the computer to load the operating system software program into main memory during system initialization and transfer control to the operating system so the operating system can start executing, also known as the INT19 “boot” sequence. BIOS ROM  4944  in  FIG. 49  includes the ESTSM BIOS component  4410  in accordance with the embodiment of the invention shown in  FIG. 44 . The ESTSM BIOS component  4410  in BIOS ROM  4944  couples through a bus that may be a serial bus  4464  (a serial bus generally is a bus with only one data signal) to secure non-volatile area  4465  containing firmware code. The BIOS ROM  4944  typically is a “nonvolatile” memory device, which means that the memory contents remain intact even when the computer  4900  powers down. By contrast, the contents of the main memory  4906  typically are “volatile” and thus are lost when the computer shuts down. 
     The South bridge logic device  4922  supports an input/output (I/O) controller  4960  that operatively couples to basic input/output devices such as a keyboard  4968 , a mouse  4970 , a floppy disk drive  4966 , general purpose parallel and serial ports  4972 , and various input switches such as a power switch and a sleep switch (not shown). The I/O controller  4960  typically couples to the South bridge logic device  4922  via a standard bus, shown as the ISA bus  4926  in  FIG. 49 . A serial bus  4962  may provide an additional connection between the I/O controller  4960  and South bridge logic device  4922 . The I/O controller  4960  typically includes an ISA bus interface (not specifically shown) and transmit and receive registers (not specifically shown) for exchanging data with the South bridge logic device  4922  over the serial bus  4962 . 
     Turning now to  FIG. 50 , a wireless communication device that may be a PDA, WLAN capable computer, mobile phone that in some embodiments is a cell phone, or Smart Phone includes a changeable area and an application component in a system area in accordance with the embodiment of the invention of  FIG. 45 . The wireless communication device  5000  may transmit and receive information with a plurality of base transceiver stations (BTS) not shown in  FIG. 50 . Each BTS may transmit in a forward or downlink direction both physical and logical channels to the mobile station  5000  in accordance with a predetermined air interface standard. A reverse or uplink communication path also exists from the mobile station  5000  to the BTS, which conveys mobile originated access requests and traffic. 
     The air interface standard can conform to any suitable standard or protocol, and may enable both voice and data traffic, such as data traffic enabling Internet access and web page downloads. One suitable type of air interface is based on Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and may support a GSM or an advanced GSM protocol, although these teachings are not intended to be limited to TDMA or to GSM or GSM-related wireless systems. Another wireless system and air interface, such as a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, may serve at least a part of the geographical area served by the wireless communication system shown in  FIG. 50 , and the mobile station  5000  maybe a multi-band terminal that is capable of operating with either the GSM or the WCDMA network. 
     The mobile station  5000  typically includes a microcontrol unit (MCU)  5020  having an output coupled to an input of a display  5040  and an input coupled to an output of a keyboard or keypad  5060 . The mobile station  5000  may be contained within a card or module that is connected during use to another device. For example, the mobile station  5000  could be contained within a PCMCIA or similar type of card or module that is installed during use within a portable data processor, such as a laptop or notebook computer, or even a computer that is wearable by the user. 
     The MCU  5020  includes or is coupled to a memory  5030 , including a system area  4520  for storing ESTSM application components  4530 , as well as a changeable area  4510  for temporarily storing required data, scratchpad memory, received packet data, packet data to be transmitted, and the like. A separate, removable Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) that is not shown can be provided as well, the SIM storing, for example, a preferred Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) list and other subscriber-related information. The system area  4520  may also store a program enabling the MCU  5020  to execute the software routines, layers and protocols required to operate in the wireless communications system, as well as to provide a suitable user interface (UI), via display  5040  and keypad  5060 , with a user. Although not shown, a microphone and speaker are typically provided for enabling the user to conduct voice calls in a conventional manner. 
     The mobile station  5000  also contains a wireless section that includes a digital signal processor DSP  5080 , or equivalent high speed processor or logic or control unit, as well as a wireless transceiver that includes a transmitter (Tx)  5010  and a receiver (Rx)  5020 , both of which are coupled to an antenna  5040  for communication with the BTS. At least one local oscillator (LO)  5060 , such as a frequency synthesizer, is provided for tuning the transceiver. Data, such as digitized voice and packet data, is transmitted and received through the antenna  5040 . 
     As mentioned above with reference to  FIG. 45 , the ESTSM enabled PDA, mobile phone, WLAN capable computer, or Smart Phone may continuously communicate to the ESTSM Server Computer System through an always-on Internet connection. Information such as telephone numbers, email addresses, calendar appointments, sales meetings and other daily reminders on a PDA, mobile phone, WLAN capable computer, or Smart Phone with ESTSM can be retrieved from a stolen device in some embodiments of the invention by the user calling an ESTSM service center to report the device as stolen. Because the PDA, mobile phone, WLAN capable computer, or Smart Phone has an always-on Internet connection, data on the device can be recovered and stored on the ESTSM server computer system as soon as the device is reported stolen. After recovery, the data may be erased off the stolen PDA, mobile phone, WLAN capable computer, or Smart Phone and the device disabled, making it worthless for the thief. Upon the ESTSM user purchasing a replacement PDA, mobile phone, WLAN capable computer, or Smart Phone, the data recovered and stored on the ESTSM server computer system from the user&#39;s stolen device can be placed on the user&#39;s new replacement device. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 51 , some embodiments of the ESTSM server computer system  5100  of  FIGS. 44-47  are shown in more detail. Clients  5110  are ESTSM enabled electronic devices that transmit and receive information through firewall  5120  to web servers  5130 . The firewall  5120  may be software executing on each of the web servers  5130  or a stand alone firewall device with dedicated hardware and software that may be a computer system. Web servers  5130  as described above include web pages for administration and use of ESTSM as well as software to transmit the web pages and receive responses from clients  5110 . Web servers  5130  connect through firewall  5140  to one or more database servers  5150 . Firewall  5140  may be software executing on each of the database servers  5150  or a stand alone firewall device with dedicated hardware and software that may be a computer system. Database servers  5150  may contain among other information, user configuration information and access rights for clients  5110 . Configuration information may include the ESTSM services selected by a user, the electronic devices associated with a particular user, electronic device identification information, billing information such as credit card number and expiration date, electronic device location and status logs, and so forth. Web servers  5130  may also couple to File Transfer Protocol (FTP) server  5160  that allows clients  5110  to download large files directly without having to go through web servers  5130 . Web servers  5130  also have access to files on FTP server  5160  allowing clients to access and view the contents of these files through the web servers. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 52 , web servers  5130  of  FIG. 51  are depicted in greater detail and show connections between the primary and secondary servers in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. Clients  5110  may each connect to primary server  5210  and each of secondary server  5220   a ,  5220   b , . . . and  5220   n . The primary server  5210  and secondary servers  5220   a ,  5220   b , . . .  5220   n  are coupled to each other and can communicate and transfer information. In some embodiments of the invention as described in greater detail below, each of clients  5110  includes an application component that works with web browser software such as Microsoft® Internet® Explorer® to ensure that if Explorer® can access the ESTSM website, the ESTSM application components will also be able to access the website. If Explorer® on the client cannot get to the ESTSM website on the primary server  5210 , it will then try to access the ESTSM secondary servers  5220   a ,  5220   b , . . .  5220   n  for status of the primary. If the secondary servers are also unavailable, but ESTSM application component on the client can access other popular websites, then it is assumed that some firewall or other software has been loaded to attempt to block ESTSM operation. 
     The web pages for registration on the ESTSM server can be customized for each type of electronic device and manufacturer. This way, manufacturers can offer different services to the user, during the registration phase, based on the model and target customers for that model. Thus, for example, a manufacturer may want to set a higher price for “Data Destroy Services” on corporate laptop models than on consumer laptop models. 
     If the ESTSM server computer system receives a message from an electronic device that has been reported stolen, and the “Tracking Service” is registered for that electronic device, the ESTSM server will log the IP address of the stolen electronic device. The ESTSM server computer system will get the IP address from the header of the message packet (part of Internet Protocol (IP)) and will not have to execute a tracing program such as TraceRoute on the electronic device that may be a client personal computer. The ESTSM server will use the Internet to lookup the information for that IP address and will send the tracking location email as described above to the user. 
     The ESTSM server computer system hosts all the web pages that provide the user experience once logged into the ESTSM website. The ESTSM server environment can be duplicated at a corporate customer facility and the specific serial numbers of the electronic devices at that corporation can be re-directed to work directly with the ESTSM server located at that corporation. Thus, corporate customers, for security purposes, can control the flow of messages to servers located at their own facility. 
     If the ESTSM server needs repairs to hardware, new software, functional changes to web pages, etc. electronic device clients may be requested by the server to stop making new queries to the server for a random amount of time. Thus, needed updates and repairs to the ESTSM sever may be performed during this time. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 53 , a flow diagram in accordance with some embodiments of the invention of the BIOS component of ESTSM of  FIG. 44  is shown. The Power on Self Test (POST) firmware may call the ESTSM BIOS component  5310  towards end of POST. The BIOS component will first check to see if the electronic device has already been disabled by ESTSM  5335  (i.e. the electronic device was reported stolen, or some other ESTSM failure occurred). If the electronic device is already disabled, the BIOS component will display the system information and a boot specific unlock key and will prompt the user to enter the activation password to re-enable system boot  5320 . This activation password can be obtained by the original user through the ESTSM website or by calling the monitoring station. 
     If the system was not already disabled, the BIOS component checks to see if the special ESTSM hidden partition exists  5340 . If it does exist, the BIOS component will transfer control to ESTSM non-viewable component VALIDATOR program  5345 . If the hidden partition does not exist the BIOS component will create the ESTSM hidden partition  5350 . If there is a bootable operating system partition on the hard disk  5355 , the BIOS component will force the user to insert the recovery media into the appropriate device  5365 . The BIOS component will re-build the ESTSM hidden partition using the files from the recovery media  5370 . As mentioned above, if the hidden partition does not exist, a check is also made to see if a bootable operating system partition is present before forcing the recovery media to be inserted. If a bootable operating system partition is not present, then the electronic device will proceed with the INT19 boot process  5360  until it stops because no bootable OS is present. This may occur if the thief deletes the OS in which case he must install the OS and the recovery media to allow the system to reboot. Alternatively, a bootable OS partition may not be present as during initial HDD installation at the factory, and a master hard disk image may be used for seamless factory installation during boot process  5360  without requiring the recovery media to be inserted in each electronic device during manufacture. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 54 , a flow diagram of the VALIDATOR program in the non-viewable component of the ESTSM in accordance with some embodiments of the invention is shown. If the hidden partition on the hard disk is valid, the BIOS component will load and transfer control to the VALIDATOR program  5345  on the hidden partition as shown in  FIG. 53  and described above. The VALIDATOR program inspects the ESTSM Communications Area (ECA) to determine if the ESTSM application components have run correctly during the last system boot  5410 . If the ECA information is correct (i.e. ESTSM application was run correctly), then the VALIDATOR program will return control to POST to proceed with INT19 OS boot process  5430 . If the VALIDATOR program determines that the application components failed to run correctly  5420 , the user is warned to correct the problem otherwise the electronic device will be disabled within a number of system boots  5440  that in some embodiments of the invention is 5 system boots. The VALIDATOR program will then restore the ESTSM application components from ESTSM backup fileset to try to correct the problem  5450 . If the number of system boots has been reached and ECA information is still not correct  5460 , then ESTSM will disable the system  5470 . The procedure described above may then be used to re-enable the system. An application component failure will be generated if the thief deletes or tampers with ESTSM files, loads an application or service to try to bypass ESTSM operation, or in any other way tries to prevent ESTSM from running. After the VALIDATOR program has completed operation, it returns control back to the electronic device BIOS  5430  so that system POST may be completed and the normal OS boot can occur via the INT19 interface. 
     In some other embodiments of the invention, the check of the ECA to determine if the ESTSM application components have run correctly is performed by the BIOS component-thus the VALIDATOR program may be located in the BIOS component. If the VALIDATOR program determines that the application components failed to run correctly, the user is asked to install the application components onto the electronic device. 
     As shown in  FIG. 44 , the ESTSM application component consists of two sets of programs: (1) ESTSM application program and (2) startup program files. The application component programs work together to provide the ESTSM environment described above and periodically check with the ESTSM server computer system to see if the electronic device is reported stolen and take the appropriate action. 
     A flow diagram of the application component of the ESTSM is shown in  FIG. 55  in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. The startup program  5500  creates the appropriate system processes and loads and executes the ESTSM application program  5505  on the electronic device that performs most of the ESTSM operations. The ESTSM application program works with the operating system driver files to communicate with the ECA. The ESTSM application program will check the integrity of all the ESTSM application components  5510  and will ensure ESTSM is working correctly. The ESTSM application program will communicate this information to the BIOS component through the ECA. Checking the integrity of ESTSM application components may include interfacing with specialized security hardware on the electronic device that in some embodiments of the invention may be Trusted Platform Module (TPM) integrated circuitry. If there is a problem with the ESTSM application components, no information will be communicated to the ECA and on the next electronic device boot, the BIOS component will not allow the electronic device to boot. Otherwise, the ESTSM application program will then try to detect an Internet connection on the electronic device. Once an Internet connection is established by the user, the ESTSM application program will attempt to contact the primary ESTSM server  5515 . If the ESTSM application program is successful in contacting the primary ESTSM server, the application program will then send an encrypted query to the primary ESTSM server  5520 . Encryption of the query may involve interfacing with specialized security hardware on the electronic device such as TPM integrated circuitry described in more detail below. This query will identify the electronic device by the device system information such as serial number and model number (no other user data is sent to the server)  5520 . The ESTSM application program receives the electronic device status from the server to determine if the device is registered with ESTSM  5525 . If the electronic device is not registered with the ESTSM server, the user is given the option to complete the registration phase as described above and shown in  FIG. 55  at  5535 ,  5540 , and  5545   
     If the system is registered with ESTSM server, the electronic device executing the ESTSM application program will receive a response from the ESTSM server computer system indicating whether or not the electronic device is reported stolen. If the electronic device is in an active state (i.e. not stolen), the application program will wait an interval  5530  and again contact the ESTSM server  5515 . If the electronic device is reported stolen  5550 , the ESTSM application program will cooperate with the other application components to take the appropriate action (i.e. disable the system, erase the hard disk drive, etc)  5555  and  5560 . If the user has selected the disable electronic device service, then the ESTSM application program will inform the ECA of electronic device disabled state  5580  and freeze the electronic device  5585 . The electronic device executing the ESTSM application program will send an encrypted message to the ESTSM server periodically while the system is connected to the Internet. 
     The application component of ESTSM is designed so that firewall software cannot block the ESTSM application components from accessing the ESTSM website. If firewall software could block the ESTSM application components, a thief could merely install the firewall software to bypass ESTSM. The ESTSM application program works with web browser software such as Microsoft® Internet® Explorer® to ensure that if Explorer® can access the ESTSM website, the ESTSM application components will also be able to access the website. If Explorer® cannot get to the ESTSM website on the primary server, it will then try to access the ESTSM secondary servers for status of the primary as shown in  FIG. 55  in  5565 . If the secondary servers are also unavailable, but ESTSM can access other popular websites  5587 , then it is assumed that some firewall or other software has been loaded to attempt to block ESTSM operation. In this case, in some embodiments of the invention, the user is warned that they must correct the problem  5570  within five boots  5575 ,  5590 , and  5595  or enter an “override” code to continue operation with ESTSM temporarily disabled. The “override” code can be obtained from the ESTSM website, call center, or an automated response system. If the override code is not entered, the system will be disabled after five boots  5580  and  5585 , and the user must get the activation password as described above. 
     The ESTSM server is located at a particular address on the WWW accessible to the user. The application components of ESTSM communicate with this web server during the registration phase and periodically once the system is registered to determine if the electronic device has been reported stolen. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 56 , encryption and encoding of information by the client electronic device and decoding and decryption of information by the server computer system in accordance with some embodiments of the invention is shown. A client  5610  that is an ESTSM enabled electronic device includes an ESTSM application component  5615  as described above. The ESTSM application component  5615  may be coupled to an encryption/decryption module  5620  that transmits and receives encrypted and encoded data. The encrypted and encoded data may be transmitted and received from an ESTSM server computer system  5630  through a communication medium  5625  such as HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP). The server computer system  5630  includes an ESTSM server application  5640  that may include web pages and information displayable on ESTSM enabled devices as described above and ESTSM server application software. The ESTSM server application  5640  may be coupled to an encryption/decryption module  5635  that transmits and receives encrypted and encoded data to and from client  5610 . 
     Turning now to  FIG. 57 , encryption and encoding of information by the client electronic device and decoding and decryption of information by the server computer system of  FIG. 56  is shown. Client electronic device  5610  may frequently and at randomly selected times send a query to server computer system  5630  asking if the electronic device has been reported stolen. The query is encrypted  5715  by encryption/decryption module  5620  using an encryption technique as described below into a binary format sequence  5720  of ones and zeroes. The sequence of ones and zeros is encoded  5725  by encryption/decryption module  5620  using an encoding technique as described below into an American Standard Code of Information Interchange (ASCII) text format  5730 . ASCII text format is a standard 7-bit ASCII character code embedded in an 8 bit byte whose high order bit is always zero as described in ANSI standard X3.64, herein incorporated by reference. 
     Simultaneously with the encryption and encoding performed by encryption/decryption module  5620 , the server computer system receives ASCII text formatted data  5755  via communication medium  5625 . The ASCII text formatted data is decoded  5750  by encryption/decryption module  5635  using a decoding technique as described below into a binary format sequence  5745  of ones and zeroes. The sequence of ones and zeroes is decrypted  5740  by encryption/decryption module  5635  into query information  5735  that may be as mentioned above asking if the electronic device has been reported stolen. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 58 , a flow diagram implemented in the client and server for encoding binary format sequence data into ASCII text format data in accordance with some embodiments of the invention is shown. If the end of the binary format sequence data source  5810  has been reached as determined by the value of the source_length variable then encoding ends  5815 . If the end has not been reached, then the next byte to encode is stored  5820  in a variable. Thus, ‘n’ bits from the variable are extracted  5820  into another variable that in some embodiments may be C1. ASCII text format may have n=6 bits with the highest order 7 th  and 8 th  bit being zero. Variable C1 is passed to ENC( ) function that performs binary mapping operations on the binary sequence data to generate an encoded byte  5830 . In some embodiments of the invention, the binary mapping operations on C1 include mapping C1 to a base 64 number. The encoded byte is placed into a Destination data structure  5840  that may be an array of bytes for transmission over communication medium  5625 . The encoded byte is re-initialized to a zero value in some embodiments of the invention and the source_length variable is decremented. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 59 , a flow diagram implemented in the client and server for decoding ASCII text format data into binary data in accordance with some embodiments of the invention is shown. Encryption/decryption modules located in the client electronic device or server computer system receive encoded bytes of ASCII text format data that are placed into a source byte stream data structure that may be an array of bytes. The source byte stream data structure is described by a source_length variable that indicates the number of ASCII text format data bytes present in the array. Every time a new byte of data is received by the encryption/decryption module and placed in the array, the source_length variable is incremented and when a byte of data is removed and decoded the source_length variable is decremented. If the end of source  5910  has been reached, the array will become empty and decoding will end  5930 . If the end of the source has not been reached, then a current ASCII text format byte of data is placed into variable E  5940 . The ASCII text format byte of data in variable E is passed to DECODE( ) function that performs mapping operations on the data to generate a decoded byte ED  5950 . The lower six bits of the decoded byte ED are placed into a final byte stream data structure  5960  and the upper two bits are discarded. Finally, the source_length variable is decremented as described above. If the end of the source byte stream is reached, every eight bits in the final byte stream  5920  corresponds to the original unencoded data. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 60 , a flow diagram showing encryption and encoding of SMS messages from SMS server to SMS enabled ESTSM electronic device for the system of  FIG. 48  is depicted. Each SMS capable device that in some embodiments of the invention may be a Smart Phone includes unique device information that is used in the encoding and encryption process. The encryption/decryption module in the Smart Phone stores the device information into a variable DI as shown in block  6010 . The encryption/decryption module passes the device information in variable DI to a function Jumble as shown in block  6020  and stores the result into a variable JDI. In some embodiments of the invention, the function Jumble rearranges and reorders the individual bytes in variable DI. Next, the encryption/decryption module as shown in block  6030  generates an encrypted command by passing the jumbled device information in variable JDI and an ESTSM Secret Cmd to function FN. The ESTSM Secret Cmd is a command sent from the ESTSM server to the electronic device for a function supported by the electronic device. The function FN returns an encrypted command that is stored in variable ECMD and may be an array of bytes. Next, in block  6040 , the encryption/decryption module calls the Encode function that may be the flowchart shown in  FIG. 58 . The Encode function is passed the variable ECMD containing the encrypted command and encodes the array of bytes as shown in  FIG. 58 . The encoded array of bytes is stored in a variable EncECMD that is transmitted as a message to the ESTSM server computer system over the communication medium  5625 . 
     Turning now to  FIG. 61 , a flow diagram showing decoding and decryption of SMS messages is depicted. A MESSAGE variable that in some embodiments of the invention is variable EncECMD containing the encoded array of bytes is decoded by a Decode function  6110  that may be the flow chart shown in  FIG. 59 . The decoded array of bytes is stored in a variable DecFCMD that is then passed to a Decrypt function  6120 . The Decrypt function returns a decrypted command that is stored in variable FCMD and may be an array of bytes. The jumbled device information is extracted from FCMD and stored in variable JDI  6130 . Similarly, the ESTSM Secret Cmd/Data message is extracted from FCMD  6130 . The encryption/decryption module passes the jumbled device information in variable JDI to a function UnJumble as shown in block  6140 . The device information after being unjumbled is stored in a variable DEVICE INFO that is verified with the unique device information of the electronic device. 
     Implementing ESTSM on an electronic device may necessitate the manufacturer integrating the ESTSM BIOS components including the BIOS ROM images into the system BIOS of the electronic device. In some embodiments, this is the only task that may have to be performed during the system&#39;s development phase. The integration of the ESTSM BIOS component needs very little effort. The ESTSM BIOS component is designed to minimize the effort needed to integrate with the existing electronic device BIOS. Factors, such as size of code, complexity of integration, and so forth, have been addressed in the design of the ESTSM BIOS component. In some embodiments of the invention as shown in  FIG. 62   a , the ESTSM BIOS component is integrated with the existing electronic device BIOS using the technique described below.
         1. Place the ESTSM BIOS component image files into a system BIOS build file  6200 . In some embodiments, the electronic device BIOS has 16 Kilobytes of free space to integrate the BIOS component image files.   2. Build a data structure including the electronic device&#39;s system information, programs to save and restore ESTSM critical information in the Secure Non-volatile Area, and an optional recovery media read function pointer and pass the address of this data structure to an ESTSM BIOS image entry point in the BIOS build file as shown in block  6210 . Also ensure that the Random Access Memory (RAM) areas that ESTSM uses are not used by other BIOS functions. After the ESTSM BIOS image files are integrated into the system BIOS build, the system BIOS code builds the data structure as described above. The ESTSM BIOS image may need a pointer to the function in the system BIOS that reads from the recovery media. Since modern day BIOSes support reading from almost all types of recovery media (i.e. floppy diskettes, CD-ROM, USB key, and so forth), no extra code development is required and the address of the read function needs to be placed in the data structure passed to the ESTSM BIOS image. In some alternative embodiments of the invention that do not use recovery media, a pointer to the recovery media read function in system BIOS is not needed. The electronic device system BIOS developer should make sure that the RAM address locations used by ESTSM are not used by the system BIOS.   3. As shown in block  6220 , system BIOS needs to call the ESTSM BIOS image entry point just before the INT19 bootstrap call. The system BIOS calls the ESTSM BIOS image entry point before making the INT19 boot strap call. At this point, the ESTSM BIOS image will be invoked and will perform all the checks that enable the secure system environment of ESTSM.       

       FIG. 62   b  is a flow diagram showing integration of the ESTSM option ROM into a BIOS binary image in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. A BIOS editor application  6300  shown in  FIG. 63  is started in block  6230  and the “File” menu option  6315  is selected within the BIOS editor application in block  6235 . The target .ROM or .WPH BIOS binary is opened in block  6235 . The ESTSM ROM will be placed into the target BIOS binary. An “OPTION ROM” node  6320  in a “PROJECT” panel  6330  may be expanded in block  6240 . In block  6245 , if option ROMS are present under the “OPTION ROM” node then determine if space is present in the target BIOS binary for the ESTSM ROM in block  6250 . If the target BIOS binary does not contain the space for the ESTSM ROM, an error message is generated in block  6260 . If the target BIOS binary contains the space needed for the ESTSM ROM or no option ROMS are present in block  6245 , then the ESTSM ROM is added to the target BIOS binary in block  6255 . In some embodiments of the invention, the ESTSM ROM is added to the target BIOS binary by pressing the “Add” button  6340  shown in  FIG. 63 . In block  6245 , from the “File” menu  6315  “BUILD BIOS” is selected as shown in block  6265 . Finally, in block  6270  after the “BUILD BIOS” has been completed, the ESTSM option ROM is present in the target BIOS binary. 
     As discussed above, the ESTSM BIOS component is provided to the manufacturer of the electronic device in an encapsulated Option ROM image format that may be ESTSM.ROM as shown in  FIGS. 63 and 64 . In some embodiments of the invention as shown in  FIG. 63 , the manufacturer may utilize tools provided by BIOS vendors such as BIOS editors  6300  to merge the encapsulated ROM ESTSM image into the manufacturer&#39;s base BIOS image using the Option ROM format  6310 . In some other embodiments of the invention as shown in  FIG. 64 , the manufacturer may use a BIOS Configuration Utility  6400  to insert the encapsulated ROM ESTSM image  6410  into the manufacturer&#39;s base BIOS ROM image  6420 . In this embodiment, the BIOS calls the ESTSM Option ROM in the same way as it would any other Option ROM image. The ESTSM ROM proceeds in the same manner as it would if it had been integrated into the BIOS using known BIOS integration techniques by checking the system security during INT19 boot strap call. 
     Returning now to  FIG. 62   a , maintaining and updating of the electronic device system BIOS is minimized because of the design of the ESTSM BIOS component. When the manufacturer needs to do a system BIOS update for the electronic device, no changes need to be made to the ESTSM BIOS component in the system BIOS. The manufacturer can simply fix the bugs in the BIOS and do a new system BIOS build as shown in  FIG. 62   a  (which will include the ESTSM BIOS components) and the new system BIOS will work correctly. The new system BIOS can then be Flash upgraded by the user without any impact to ESTSM operation. 
     If an update is released for the ESTSM components, the updated versions of the BIOS component image files may be copied into the BIOS build file and a new build performed. Once the new build is complete, the updated system BIOS can be released to the user. No additional coding or maintenance tasks need to be performed to update the ESTSM BIOS components in the system BIOS. 
     Integration of the ESTSM application component requires no action by the manufacturer of the electronic device. This is because the ESTSM BIOS component restores the application components onto the hard disk drive of the electronic device once the OS is installed on the electronic device. In some other embodiments of the invention, the application component may be installed by the user of the electronic device as described above. 
     For some embodiments of the invention, creation of the ESTSM hidden partition may be performed immediately after installation of the electronic device&#39;s hard disk drive. Various utilities can be used to create the hidden partition. In some embodiments, a scripted installation program including the utility to create the hidden partition may be run at the beginning of the manufacturing process. Typically, this utility should be run just before the FDISK.EXE or some other utility is used to create the OS partition on the hard disk drive. 
     If the manufacturing process copies a prepared hard disk image directly to a blank hard disk, then the prepared image should be created with the ESTSM hidden partition installed. Thus, when the prepared image is copied to the blank hard disk drive during manufacture, the ESTSM hidden partition will also be copied automatically from the prepared image. 
     Engineering and electronic device quality assurance test processes may be performed by the manufacturer providing the ESTSM monitoring station with a block of electronic device serial numbers to be used as part of the testing process. The monitoring station will mark these serial numbers as “test” in the ESTSM server computer system and the user will not be billed on the credit card for these systems. This will facilitate the test process at the manufacturer&#39;s facilities. 
       FIGS. 65-70  show screen shots, in accordance with some embodiments of the invention, for registering and using ESTSM in the PDA or mobile phone shown in  FIGS. 45 and 50 . ESTSM registration as shown in  FIG. 65  for a mobile device may be performed using a computer system that can display ESTSM registration web pages. In some other embodiments of the invention, the ESTSM registration pages may be displayed on the mobile device capable of displaying web pages.  FIG. 65  shows a service selection screen that may include the cost of each service and the services offered. The services offered and the cost of each service may vary based on the manufacturer and model of the mobile device, the market segment of the mobile device (i.e. business device, home use device) and what the manufacturer has chosen to include for the device. Some manufacturers may want to change the pricing of the services, or offer bundled services to the user. For some embodiments of the invention, as shown below, is a list of the services available to the user.
         1. Basic Service—with this service the user has the ability to have the mobile device disabled if it is stolen or lost. The information on the mobile device is made secure so that it cannot be accessed by someone who steals the mobile device or finds the device.   2. Data Recovery Service—this service will recover Contacts, Calendar, and other data such as pictures form the mobile device if the device is stolen or lost. ESTSM may recover this information to the ESTSM server computer system, before performing other service option actions. The user may then restore the data into a new cell phone, Smart Phone or PDA device that they purchase.       

     In some embodiments of the invention, due to the extendible design of ESTSM, new services can be added for a mobile device such as third party insurance, data destroy service, tracking service, and data encryption service. 
     In some embodiments of the invention, most of ESTSM services are based on a yearly fee model. Some services such as data recovery may be billed on a per kilobyte basis—that is, the user indicates the number of kilobytes to be recovered during registration and is billed accordingly. However, if the mobile device is stolen and during data recovery more kilobytes are recovered, then a one time fee is charged to the user. The user may be billed at the end of the year to renew the service for one more year. The user may be sent an email before billing to give the user a chance to cancel the service if they wish. 
     After the user has selected the ESTSM services for their mobile device, in some embodiments of the invention, the ESTSM system as shown in  FIG. 66  may request that the user turn on the cell phone or open the flip cover. In accordance with some embodiments, the user through the computer system capable of displaying ESTSM web pages may then enter the mobile phone number, service provider, International Mobile Equipment Identifier (IMEI) number, and a phone description. The registration process for the mobile device is successfully completed as shown in  FIG. 67 . In some other embodiments of the invention, ESTSM registration may not require any user intervention with the mobile device except an acknowledgement from the user at the end of the successful registration. 
     In some embodiments of the invention, an automated voice prompting system at a call center or live call center operator after authentication of the user may communicate with the user to perform ESTSM activities. All ESTSM activities performed through the Internet may also be performed by the call center including registration, reporting a system stolen, reporting system has been recovered and so forth. 
       FIG. 68  shows a screen shot of the mobile device status web page that resides in the ESTSM server computer system in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. The user can perform the following tasks for the mobile device on the device status web page: (1) View the status of the mobile device running ESTSM; (2) Report a mobile device stolen; (3) Show the Billing and Electronic Device Location/Status Logs; (4) Perform User Management functions such as changing the user information, password and billing information; and (5) Perform Data Management functions such as viewing recovered data and transferring recovered data to another device. 
     As shown in  FIG. 68 , the “Device Status” page shows for each mobile device, the Model Name, System Description, Phone Number, Current State, and ESTSM Services Active on the device. Depending on the Current State and the services selected by the user, certain task buttons will appear below the mobile device information. These task buttons let you perform different operations on the device (e.g. report the mobile device stolen and so forth). As shown in  FIG. 68 , the user may click on the button labeled “Report Stolen” to start the process of reporting a mobile device stolen. The user will be taken to the “Report a Stolen Device” web pages. The user fills out the information on the web page to generate a theft incident report and the ESTSM site will log this report so that it may be given later to the appropriate authorities as proof of filing the theft incident report. This documentation may be provided to the user upon request. 
     In some embodiments of the invention, once the report is completed, the electronic device will be placed into the REPORTED STOLEN state. At this point, because of the always on connection of the mobile device to the Internet, in some embodiments the mobile device files are backed up and the device state will change to RECOVERED state as shown in  FIG. 69 . The user may then manage these files to move them into a new cell phone, Smart Phone or PDA device that they purchase. After the data has been recovered, the ESTSM system informs the user that the mobile device is disabled as shown in  FIG. 70 . 
     Turning now to  FIG. 71 , a flow diagram showing implementation of ESTSM on mobile devices such as cellular telephones, Smart Phones, or WLAN capable computers as in  FIG. 45  and  FIG. 48  that have a messaging capability that may be Short Messaging Service (SMS) is depicted. In some embodiments of the invention, as described above, the ESTSM server computer system may inform the mobile device that it has been reported stolen and backup the data on the device. In some other embodiments of the invention, the ESTSM server may periodically backup the data on the device even if the mobile device has not been reported stolen. The ESTSM server may disable the mobile device (i.e. lock the user out but device can still communicate with ESTSM server) if the Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card has been changed and the mobile device is reported stolen. The ESTSM server may also disable the mobile device if the IMEI number has been changed and the device is reported stolen. 
     As shown in  FIG. 71 , the ESTSM application component located in the system area of the mobile device ( FIG. 45 ) gets the device identifier of the mobile device in block  7105 . In some embodiments of the invention, the device identifier is a concatenated string of numbers that may include the IMEI number, manufacturer&#39;s model number of the mobile device, and the phone number associated with the mobile device. If the application component is not able to get the device identifier in block  7110 , then the application component disables the mobile device  7115 . If the application component is able to successfully get the device identifier, then the application component determines if the user information module has been changed in block  7120 . In some embodiments of the invention, the user information module may be a SIM card located in the mobile device. In some other embodiments of the invention, the user information module may be stored on a Read-Only-Memory (ROM) that is a FLASH ROM or Electronically-Erasable-Programmable ROM (EEPROM) of the mobile device. The user information module identifies user information with the mobile device. The user information may be the phone number associated with the mobile device, user details, security information, and memory for a personal directory of numbers. If the user information module has been changed in the mobile device, the ESTSM application component gets the new phone number from the mobile device  7125 . The application component in block  7135  notifies the ESTSM server of the new phone number. Next, in block  7130 , the ESTSM application component determines the current state of the mobile device and begins the status loop  7140 , waiting for a message from the ESTSM server. An encrypted and encoded message as described above may be communicated from the ESTSM server to the application component of the mobile device as shown in block  7150 . 
     In  FIG. 71 , if the application component detects that a new message has arrived, message data is processed in block  7145 . A command is extracted from the message data in block  7160  as described above and is stored into the variable Cmd. If the Cmd is “REGISTER” as shown in block  7165 , then the user has registered the mobile device for ESTSM services. The ESTSM server is notified to change the mobile device state to “ACTIVE” in block  7187  and the application component sets the current state to “ACTIVE” in block  7185 . If the Cmd is “DISABLE” as shown in block  7170 , the mobile device is disabled  7192  and the application component sets the current state to “DISABLE” in block  7190 . The ESTSM server may send a “DISABLE” command  7170  if the mobile device is reported stolen or the user information module that may be a SIM card has been changed and the device identifier has not changed in the mobile device. If the Cmd is “BACKUP” as shown in block  7175 , the ESTSM server requests that the data on the mobile device be copied to the ESTSM server. As shown in block  7194 , the ESTSM server begins to backup the data stored on the mobile device. The ESTSM server will recover the data requested by the user during registration for the mobile device. Thus, if during ESTSM registration the user had selected recovery of contacts and calendar data, these items will be backed-up. In some embodiments of the invention, the user may specify other data for recovery such as Mobile Commerce (M-commerce) monetary information stored on the mobile device. The ESTSM server in some embodiments of the invention may request that the mobile device be placed into a disabled state and, thus, the application component in the mobile device sets the current state to “DISABLE” in block  7190 . If the Cmd is “RESTORE” as shown in block  7180 , the ESTSM server starts to restore the data  7199  backed up from the mobile device back to the original mobile device that may have been recovered or a new mobile device. After restoring the data to the mobile device, the ESTSM server places the mobile device into an active state. The application component in the mobile device sets the current state to “ACTIVE” in block  7196  and waits for some time  7155  before starting the status loop  7140 . 
     Turning now to  FIG. 72 , the states and transitions of a mobile device with SMS messages for activation and operation of ESTSM services is shown. A mobile device as shown in  FIG. 45  including the ESTSM application component is initially in an “UNREGISTERED” state  7205 . After completion of the registration process, the ESTSM server sends a SMS message to the mobile device indicating that the device is registered with ESTSM and placing the mobile device into an “ACTIVATION PENDING” state  7210 . The mobile device sends a SMS confirmation message to the ESTSM server and transitions into an “ACTIVE” state  7215 . In some embodiments of the invention as shown in  FIG. 72 , the ESTSM server performs periodic backups of the data on the mobile device while in the “ACTIVE” state  7215 . While in the active state, the ESTSM server computer system communicates over the Internet with the user to determine if the mobile device has been reported stolen. If the device is reported stolen using the ESTSM website, the mobile device is placed into a “REPORTED STOLEN” state  7225 . The ESTSM server informs the mobile device via a secure communications channel to take the appropriate action based on the service options selected by the user (e.g. disabling the electronic device, destroying the storage device (e.g. hard disk drive (HDD)) data, recovering data, encrypting data and more). In some embodiments of the invention as shown in  FIG. 72 , if the user during registration had selected the basic service, the mobile device is disabled and placed into a “DISABLE” state  7230 . If the mobile device has been recovered or the user has purchased a new mobile device and the user re-enables the device using the ESTSM website, an SMS message is sent from the server to the mobile device placing the device into an “ENABLE PENDING” state  7220 . The mobile device sends an SMS confirmation message to the ESTSM server indicating that it has received the re-enablement SMS message from the ESTSM server. The mobile device is placed into the “ACTIVE” state  7215 . 
     If the user during registration had selected the data recovery service, the mobile device is placed into “BACKUP IN PROGRESS” state  7235  and data on the mobile device is backed-up to the ESTSM server. If the data is backed up successfully, the mobile device is placed into “DISABLED DATA BACKUP” state  7240 , data on the device is deleted, and the mobile device is disabled. The mobile device may be transitioned to “ENABLE AFTER RECOVERY” state  7245  from either the “BACKUP IN PROGRESS” state  7235  or “DISABLED DATA BACKUP” state  7240  if the user re-enables the mobile device while the data backup is in progress. Once the mobile device has been recovered or the user has purchased a new mobile device and the user re-enables the device using the ESTSM website, an SMS message is sent from the server to the mobile device placing the device into an “ENABLE AFTER RECOVERY” state  7245 . The mobile device sends an SMS confirmation message to the ESTSM server indicating that it has received the re-enablement SMS message from the ESTSM server. The mobile device is activated and placed into the “ACTIVE DATA BACKUP” state  7250 . The data that has been backed-up into the ESTSM server is restored into the new or re-enabled mobile device in the “RESTORE IN PROGRESS” state  7260 . After data has been restored into the mobile device, the device is placed into the “ACTIVE” state  7215 . 
     While the invention has been disclosed with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate numerous modifications and variations therefrom. It is intended that the appended claims cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.