Abstract:
A roller apparatus integrated with one or more inner side protective landings of a roller hockey goalie&#39;s leg protective member. The apparatus may include a first planar layer having a first plurality of openings arranged in a planar array, a second planar layer having a second plurality of openings aligned with the first plurality of openings of the first layer; and a plurality of roller bearings shaped and sized for positioning in the aligned first plurality of openings and second plurality of openings, with outer surfaces of the roller bearings projecting outwardly from the first plurality of openings of the first planar layer of the roller assembly to enable rolling movement of the roller assembly when engaged in contact with a dry surface. Also described are methods of configuring a roller assembly, such as the aforementioned roller apparatus.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application is a continuation application to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/861,309, titled: “Roller Hockey Goalie Apparatus,” filed on Apr. 11, 2013. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    1. Background of In-line Hockey 
         [0003]    In the latter part of the 19 th  century, ice hockey is said to have been first played on frozen ponds or lakes, with two stones frozen on each opposite end. As many as thirty players on each side would use sticks of wood with flat blades to try to score a goal by getting a puck in between the two stones. The popularity of the sport spread from North American to other continents. Ice hockey rules were eventually standardized, calling for five players and a goalie to represent each opposing team in the ice rink at a time. 
         [0004]    Early ice hockey players yearned to continue playing the “on-ice” sport even when warmer weather melted their ice rinks. Consequently, and due to the invention of quad roller skates (comprising two wheels in front, two wheels in back), the game of roller hockey was developed. Quad roller skates had their limitations, however, such as not allowing players to move with the same speed as “on-ice” play. Roller hockey rules attempted to compensate for these differences by, among other changes, requiring that the game be played with four players and a goalie at a time (per team), to allow for more freedom of movement. 
         [0005]    Over the ensuing decades, the game of roller hockey gained popularity culminating in 1984, when an improved alternative to quad roller skates came about with the filing of a patent for “inline” skates: “boots equipped with longitudinally aligned rollers used for skating.” Inline skates allowed hockey players to more closely simulate the “on-ice” feel than quad roller skates by allowing, for example, greater maneuverability and speed. Due to the advantages of inline skates over quad roller skates, inline hockey has since become more popular than roller hockey in the U.S. 
         [0006]    2. Background of Hockey Goalie Leg Protective Members 
         [0007]    Although inline skates helped replicate the “on-ice” feel for most inline hockey players, there was no similar advancement in technology applicable to hockey goalies playing on dry surfaces. This was probably at least in part due to the fact that the techniques and on-ice movements of ice hockey goalies, and the related designs of their leg protective members, have significantly evolved since inline skates were created and started gaining popularity. 
         [0008]    Specifically, older styles of hockey goalie leg protective members were tightly strapped to the legs. The goalie using this older style of protective members, to block pucks from entering the goal, would go straight from a standing position to a kneeling position. In so doing, the face of the leg protective members above the knees would remain facing outward towards the shooter. Below the knees, however, the face of the leg protective members would be parallel with, and face directly towards, the ice surface. In other words, hockey goalies using older goalie technique and styles of leg protective members did not rotate their legs, and leg protective members were designed accordingly. Since such a non-rotating, reactionary, movement would not leave exposed much (if any) of the goalie&#39;s inner legs, the designs of older styles of goalie leg protective members did not include much padding protecting the inner legs. 
         [0009]    Starting around 2000, however, “box” style leg protective members became popular as goaltending playing technique evolved from a reacting style to a “blocking” style. Specifically, instead of simply reacting to a shot on goal by kneeling straight down from a standing position, in modern hockey play a goalie will prevent a puck from entering the goal (among other techniques) by using leg protective members to maximize the blocking area of the lower part of a goal. This modern “blocking” technique is accomplished by simultaneously kneeling and extending the part of the legs below the knees away from the body, with the inner part of the lower legs facing the surface and both lower legs pointing in opposite directions (the legs together essentially forming an upside down “T”). This position is colloquially referred to as the “butterfly” position. 
         [0010]    Since a hockey goalie in the “butterfly” position can maximize blocking area by keeping the face of the protective member perpendicular with the ice surface, the design of goalie leg protective members evolved into more of a “box” style, where the edge between a face of the protective member and the inside edge is square-shaped. Thus, the modern box style of hockey goalie leg protective member anticipates that the pad may move or rotate from a vertical position (when the goalie is standing) to a horizontal position, when the goalie is in a kneeling (or rather in the “butterfly”) position. In this manner, all of a “face” of the leg protective member may be directed straight towards the shooter, rather than the ice. 
         [0011]    Thus, modem hockey goalie leg protective members are designed with padding in the inner knee and inner calf/shin areas, which padded areas are called “landings” or “wraps.” Such padding softens impact in the primary locations where much of the goalie&#39;s body weight may fall when transitioning from the standing to kneeling position. “Landings” are not only intended to soften impact, but also to allow a goalie to move over an ice surface in a fluid manner. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0012]    There is a need for some apparatus that would allow a hockey goalie&#39;s motion during play on a dry surface to simulate “on-ice” motion. A hockey goalie playing on a dry surface may often have to repeat a standing and the kneeling movement in order to achieve certain positions that might otherwise be attained more quickly and easily on an ice surface. Such excessive and potentially burdensome movements can lead to undue exertion, pain, stress, and injury to a goalie&#39;s knees, hips and lower back. Furthermore, the added concentration and time necessary to perform blocking movements on a dry surface can make the difference between blocking and failing to block a puck from entering the goal. 
         [0013]    In the prior art, there are no apparatuses utilizing rolling means that sufficiently allow a hockey goalie to simulate the motion experienced on an ice surface, on a dry surface, especially when the goalie is moving to or is in a kneeling or “butterfly position.” Additionally, there is also a need in the market for such an apparatus that can attach to existing protective leg members, without a hockey goalie having to purchase a separate set of hockey goalie leg protective members made specifically for play on a dry surface. This need is felt not only by hockey goalies for hockey play on a dry surface but is also felt by ice hockey goalies, who may lack access to an ice hockey rink for training purposes, yet wish to train on a dry surface. 
         [0014]    An object of the invention is to assist a roller hockey goalie simulate “on ice” motion on a dry surface. In addition to forward and backward motion, such “on ice” simulated motion may also include lateral (or semi-lateral) motion, even when a goalie is transitioning from a standing to a kneeling position, or in a position colloquially referred to by hockey enthusiasts as the “butterfly” position (kneeling with the lower legs below the knees pointed in opposite directions away from the body, with the inner legs facing the dry surface). 
         [0015]    Such an apparatus allowing “on-ice” motion by rolling may attach to a roller hockey goalie leg protective member or may also be incorporated into a roller hockey goalie leg protective member. The apparatus may be located in areas of a protective leg member that may be in contact with a dry surface, or where the weight of a hockey goalie&#39;s body and equipment is most likely to impact the dry playing surface. Given currently prevalent designs of hockey goalie leg protective members, it is anticipated that these areas of likely impact with a dry surface may be the “landings” of a hockey goalie protective leg member. 
         [0016]    An apparatus that allows simulation of “on-ice” motion may accomplish such motion through utilization of ball bearings, and designs allowing the ball bearings to roll easily (and continue to roll easily) over a dry surface even when (or after) absorbing impact. Embodiments of the apparatus may utilize any rigid, loose spherical or rounded object that protrudes from one surface of the apparatus, but is basically contained in and rolls easily within the apparatus in at least one (and preferably every) direction, even after absorbing impact. 
         [0017]    Each individual ball bearing may be contained in the apparatus within a cavity. A plurality of such cavities may perforate a plate component of the apparatus. This plate may be comprised of a self lubricating plastic, such as, by way of example, Ultra High Molecular Weight (UHMW) Polyethylene. (It is anticipated, however, that many different materials may comprise the apparatus and the parts thereof, according to cost of production concerns, coefficients of friction, self-lubrication, impact tolerance, durability, etc.). The cavities in the plate may be partially closed at one end, with the aperture being less wide than the diameter of the ball bearing, thus allowing the ball bearing to protrude yet not allowing it to escape from the aperture. 
         [0018]    Additionally, inside each cavity may be a small amount of extra space, in addition to that necessary to house the ball bearing and keep it loose enough to roll, which may allow for impact absorption (i.e., allow the ball bearing to move further into the cavity) without substantially impeding the freedom of the ball bearing to roll. A cap piece may also be placed on the opposite side of the plate (opposite from the end with the aperture less wide than a ball bearing&#39;s diameter), which may be made of somewhat flexible material, thus allowing for additional impact absorption and freedom of the ball bearing to roll. 
         [0019]    Different embodiments are anticipated where the pluralities of ball bearings and cavities have different configurations and designs to allow for greater desired mobility. For example, certain patterns of ball bearings may facilitate movement more aligned with a hockey goalie&#39;s leg, foot, and knee axes. Rectangular and/or other arrays of ball bearings may also present certain advantages. 
         [0020]    Alternative embodiments may also be presented according to playing surface (e.g., the density, or coefficient of friction, of the surface) and environment. For example, one embodiment of the apparatus may be designed for use during actual roller hockey play on a dry surface, while other embodiments may be specifically designed for use on concrete, or carpets. Such alternative designs might include varying sizes of ball bearings and degrees to which the ball bearings may protrude. Larger ball bearings may raise a protective member higher off the ground in some embodiments, which may allow for greater mobility, while smaller ball bearings might bring the protective member closer to the floor while still allowing a desired amount of mobility (on the other hand, bringing a protective member closer to the floor in some embodiments might be desirable). For use on an asphalt surface, or even on a carpeted surface, less mobile plastic ball bearings (or ball bearings with greater resistance to movement) may be desired. Similarly, other embodiments might not use ball bearings at all, but rather use other rolling or other means (e.g., nubs), for achieving a similar type of motion. 
         [0021]    Furthermore, although two preferred rolling embodiments of the apparatus are described below, for use in the knee area and in the calf/shin/foot area, different sizes and shapes of the apparatus are anticipated, according to (among other things) the area or type of protective member, or depending on whether the embodiment of the apparatus is incorporated into or attached to the roller hockey goalie leg protective member. For example, for an embodiment of the apparatus that is incorporated into a roller hockey goalie leg protective member, there may be smaller plates with less of a profile, several added rows of ball bearings, and/or more or less than two apparatuses incorporated into a leg protective member. 
         [0022]    For example, there may be separate apparatuses of various shapes for the foot, calf &amp; knee areas, with ball bearings throughout each. An embodiment of an apparatus for use in the shin area of a leg protective member may have a roughly rectangular shape, with an embodiment of an apparatus for use in the foot area of a leg protective member possibly having a curved shape. Plates may also be “anatomically” curved to fit the leg pad along the outer edges, regardless of the number of apparatuses used. 
         [0023]    Apparatuses may attach or be incorporated into a roller hockey goalie leg protective member in a variety of ways. For example, such means for attaching are anticipated that would allow for easy and/or quick attaching and detaching of the apparatus. An embodiment of an apparatus that may attach by straps may also be strategically designed to avoid contact (and friction) with the straps and a dry surface. For example, strategically placed indented portions and/or slits or slots, and varying strap materials, may be utilized. One embodiment also may include straps with Velcro style fastening. 
         [0024]    Although the preferred embodiment of the apparatus described herein may comprise a size and shape intended for standard-sized adult roller hockey goalie leg protective members (which according to current NHL rules, may be a maximum of 11 inches in width), different sizes intended for hockey goalie leg protective members are also anticipated (e.g., small, medium, large, or adult, junior, and youth). Certain shapes of the apparatus may also be implemented in a variety of ways in order to not interfere with the movement and flexion of the roller hockey goalie leg protective member (e.g., not necessary rectangular shapes, or with cut-off corners). Other shapes may be implemented to take advantage of similarities in goalie pads presented by different brands and models. 
         [0025]    The above description and listed alternative embodiments are considered that of some embodiments only. It is understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings and described above are merely for illustrative purposes and not intended to limit scope. Alterations and modifications, therefore, and such further applications as would occur to those skilled in the relevant art(s), are also contemplated. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0026]      FIG. 1A  is a perspective view of an unassembled roller apparatus for a lower area of a roller hockey goalie leg protective member. 
           [0027]      FIG. 1B  is a perspective view of an unassembled roller apparatus for a knee area of a roller hockey goalie leg protective member. 
           [0028]      FIG. 2A  is a front view of the assembled roller apparatus in  FIG. 1A . 
           [0029]      FIG. 2B  is a front view of the assembled roller apparatus in  FIG. 1B . 
           [0030]      FIG. 3A  is a rear view of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1A . 
           [0031]      FIG. 3B  is a rear view of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1B . 
           [0032]      FIG. 4A  is a front perspective view of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1A . 
           [0033]      FIG. 4B  is a front perspective view of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1B . 
           [0034]      FIG. 5A  is a rear perspective view of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1A . 
           [0035]      FIG. 5B  is a rear perspective view of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1B . 
           [0036]      FIG. 6  is a cutaway front perspective view of a portion of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1A . 
           [0037]      FIG. 7A  is a top side view of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1A . 
           [0038]      FIG. 7B  is a top side view of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1B . 
           [0039]      FIG. 8A  is a bottom side view of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1A . 
           [0040]      FIG. 8B  is a bottom side view of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1B . 
           [0041]      FIG. 9A  is a right side elevation view of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1A .  FIG. 9B  is a right side elevation view of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1B .  FIG. 10A  is a left side elevation view of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1A .  FIG. 10B  is a left side elevation view of the roller apparatus in  FIG. 1B . 
           [0042]      FIG. 11  is a front perspective view of the roller apparatuses in  FIG. 1A  and  FIG. 1B  shown in their environment of use installed on a roller hockey goalie leg protective member. 
           [0043]      FIG. 12  is a perspective view of the roller apparatuses in  FIG. 1A  and  FIG. 1B  shown in their environment of use by a roller hockey goalie. 
           [0044]      FIG. 13  is an enlarged cross sectional view of a ball bearing in a cavity of either of the apparatuses in  FIG. 1A  and  FIG. 1B . 
           [0045]      FIG. 14  is a view of the patterning of the ball bearings in rectangular arrays aligned with the player&#39;s knee and shin and feet axes. 
           [0046]      FIG. 15  is a front perspective view of a roller hockey goalie leg protective member, with roller apparatuses incorporated into the landing areas of the protective member. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0047]    “Roller hockey” is defined herein as a hockey-related activity played on a dry surface, whether players wear inline skates, quad roller skates, or no genre of skates at all. A “roller hockey goalie leg protective member” refers to a leg protective member intended for a goalie to use in “roller hockey.” 
         [0048]    Referring to the drawings,  FIG. 1A  illustrates an unassembled rolling apparatus for the lower area of a roller hockey goalie leg protective member  16 , which may comprise three main components. A first component may be a plate  17 , roughly resembling the shape of a “J” (or the mirror image thereof), or roughly the shape of a boot. Stated differently, the plate  17  may in the shape of a rectangle, except one of the shorter sides  18  of the rectangle is not straight but rather curved in a convex manner and extended on one side beyond the (continued) line of one of the long sides of the rectangle. A plurality of recesses that may form a plurality of cavities  19  may perforate the plate  17 , with (as shown in  FIG. 13 ) each cavity  34  passing through both the front (or top) planar surface  36  and the back (or bottom) planar surface  38  of the plate  17 . 
         [0049]    Along the perimeter of three of the sides of the plate  17  (including the convex side  18 , but not including the side  20  opposite of the convex side  18 ) may be several rectangular recesses  21 , indented below the front (or top) planar surface  36  of the plate  17  (also shown in  FIG. 6  and in  FIG. 13 ). To the interior of each indented rectangular recess  21  may be a rectangular-shaped slit or hole  22 , the hollow portion of which extends through to the back (or bottom) planar surface  38  of the plate  17  (also shown in  FIG. 6  and in  FIG. 13 ). 
         [0050]    In the middle portion of the plate  17  may also be rectangular recesses  23 , indented below the front (or top) planar surface  36 , and two parallel rectangular slits or holes  24  within each interior rectangular recess  23  (also shown in  FIG. 6  and in  FIG. 13 ). Each slit or hole  24  may be located along the edge or side of each interior rectangular recess  23  that is roughly-parallel with the side of the apparatus  20  that may not have any rectangular recesses  21  located along its perimeter. The hollow portion of each slit or hole  24  may extend through to the back (or bottom) planar surface  38  of the plate  17  (as shown in  FIG. 13 ). This may create an indented bar or board  25  within each rectangular recess  23 , contiguous to the edges or sides of the interior rectangular recess  23  that are roughly-perpendicular to the side of the apparatus  20  that does not have any rectangular cavities  21  located along its perimeter. 
         [0051]    A second component may be a plurality of ball bearings  26 ( i ). A third component may be a cap piece  27 , which might be roughly in the shape of a “T.” The bottom cap piece  27  may be placed against the back (or bottom) surface  38  of plate  17 , holding each ball bearing  26  within a cavity  34  (as shown by  FIG. 13 ). Attaching the cap piece  27  to the plate  17  may be facilitated by recesses for fasteners  27 ( i ) in the cap piece  27 , as shown by back view  FIG. 3A  and back perspective view  FIG. 5A  of the assembled apparatus  16  shown by  FIG. 1A . 
         [0052]    Accordingly, a plurality of ball bearings  26 ( i ) may be secured within a plurality of cavities  19  formed by the top plate  17  and bottom cap piece  27  components of the assembled apparatus for the lower area of a roller hockey goalie leg protective member  16 , as shown in front view  FIG. 2A  and front perspective view  FIG. 4A , and in cutaway perspective  FIG. 6 . The plurality of ball bearings  26 ( i ) may partially extend beyond the planar surface of apparatus  16  facing views  FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 4A , or in other words beyond the front or top planar surface  36  as shown in  FIG. 13 . 
         [0053]      FIG. 1B  illustrates an unassembled rolling apparatus for the knee area of a roller hockey goalie leg pad  28 , which may also comprise three main components. A first component may be a plate  29 , roughly in the shape of a rectangle with the corners cut off of one of the shorter sides of the roughly-shaped-rectangle. A plurality of recesses that may form a plurality of cavities  30  may perforate the plate  29 , with (as shown in  FIG. 13 ) each cavity  34  passing through both the front (or top) planar surface  36  and the back (or bottom) planar surface  38  of the plate  17 . 
         [0054]    Along the perimeter of all of the sides of the roughly-shaped rectangle may be rectangular recesses  31  (possibly similar to rectangular cavities  21 ), indented below the front or top planar surface  36  of the plate  29 . Each rectangular indented recess  31  may have, along its side opposite the perimeter of the plate  29  (or, in other words, along the side of the indented rectangular recess  30  that is closest to the interior of the plate  29 ), a rectangular-shaped slit or hole  32 , with the hollow portion of each slit of hole  32  extending through to the back (or bottom) planar surface  38  of the plate  29 . 
         [0055]    A second component of an unassembled rolling apparatus for the knee area of a goalie leg pad  28  may be a plurality of ball bearings  26 ( ii ). A third component may be a bottom cap piece  33 , which might be roughly in the shape of a rectangle, with the corners on one of the shorter sides of the rectangle omitted according to the shape of the plate  29 . The bottom cap piece  33  may be placed against the bottom surface  38  of plate  29 , holding each ball bearing  26  within a cavity  34  (as shown by  FIG. 13 ). Attaching the cap piece  33  to the plate  29  may be facilitated by recesses for fasteners  33 ( i ) in the bottom cap piece  33 , as shown by back view  FIG. 3B , and back perspective view  FIG. 5B  of the assembled apparatus of  FIG. 1B   28 . 
         [0056]    Accordingly, as shown in front view  FIG. 2B  and front perspective view  FIG. 4B , a plurality of ball bearings  26 ( ii ) may be secured within a plurality of cavities  30  of the plate  29  component of the assembled apparatus for the knee area of a roller hockey goalie leg protective member  28 . The plurality of ball bearings  26 ( ii ) may slightly protrude beyond the planar surface of apparatus  28  that is facing views  FIG. 2B  and  FIG. 4B , or in other words beyond the front (or top) planar surface  36 , as shown in  FIG. 13 . 
         [0057]    More specifically, as shown in  FIG. 13 , each ball bearing  26  of the pluralities of ball bearings  26 ( i ),  26 ( ii ) (shown in  FIG. 1A  and  FIG. 1B ) sits within a cavity  34 . An aperture  35  in the cavity  34  extends through the front (or top) planar surface  36  of the plate  17  or  29 . The width of the aperture  35  may be less than the diameter of the ball bearing  26 , preventing the ball bearing  26  from escaping the cavity  34  through the aperture  35 , yet allowing the ball bearing  26  to partially extend or protrude from the aperture  35 . The ball bearing  26  may at times be centered in the aperture  35  and partially extend out of the aperture  35  through some force acting on the ball bearing from the opposite side, such as the force of gravity. 
         [0058]    Another aperture  37  of the cavity  34  along the bottom (or back) surface  38  of the plate  17  or  29  may be obstructed by a cap piece  27  or  33 , preventing the ball bearing  26  from escaping the cavity  34  through the bottom aperture  37 . A recess  34 ( i ), or extra space within the cavity  34  may also be provided, which may allow the ball bearing  26  to absorb impact and move farther into the cavity, yet still be free to a greater degree to roll in one or all directions. The cap piece  27  or  33  may be made of a self-lubricating material that may also flex when a ball bearing  26  is pressed against the bottom cap piece  27  or  33 . The parts of the plate  17  or  29  defining a cavity  34  may be made of a self-lubricating material. 
         [0059]    As shown in  FIG. 7A ,  FIG. 8A ,  FIG. 9A ,  FIG. 10A , and in  FIG. 11 , the plurality of ball bearings  26 ( i ) of the assembled apparatus in  FIG. 1A   16  may be patterned in arrays according to the shape of a shin landing  39  of a roller hockey goalie leg protective member  40 , and as shown more particularly in  FIG. 14 , in arrays aligned with a roller hockey player&#39;s leg axis  49  and foot axis  50 . Similarly, as shown in  FIG. 7B ,  FIG. 8B ,  FIG. 9B ,  FIG. 10B , and in  FIG. 11  the plurality of ball bearings  26 ( ii ) of the assembled apparatus in  FIG. 1B   28  may be patterned in arrays (e.g., rectangular arrays) according to the shape of a knee landing  44  of a roller hockey goalie leg protective member  40 , and as shown more particularly in  FIG. 14 , in arrays aligned with a hockey player&#39;s knee axis  51  (which arrays may facilitate movement in e.g., in both forward and backward, as well as lateral and semi-lateral directions). 
         [0060]    As shown in  FIG. 11 , the assembled apparatus of  FIG. 1A   16  may be placed on the shin-area landing  39  of a roller hockey goalie leg protective member  40 , with the plurality of ball bearings  26 ( i ) facing away from the landing  39 , and the convex side of the apparatus  18  pointing away from the knee area landing  39  of the roller hockey goalie leg protective member  40 . Horizontal straps  41  may pass through the slits  22  of the rectangular indented portions  21  of the apparatus  16 , and wrap around the landing  39  and the face of the goalie leg protective member  42 , and around the lower leg of the goalie (as shown in  FIG. 12 ) (being tightened and secured through means known in the relevant art(s), such as the use of Velcro). Vertical straps  43  may pass through the interior slits  24  and bars  25  of the interior rectangular indented portions  23  of the apparatus  16 , pass over the top of the landing  39  and also connect to the slits  22  located in the indented rectangular portions  21  on the convex side of the apparatus  18 . 
         [0061]    As also shown in  FIG. 11 , the assembled apparatus  28  shown in  FIG. 1B  may be placed on a side of the knee-area landing  44  of a roller hockey goalie leg protective member  40  that may face a dry surface, with the plurality of ball bearings  26 ( i ) facing away from the landing  44 . Also, a horizontal strap  41  may pass through slits  32  and wrap around the landing  44  and the face of the leg pad  42 , as well as a hockey goalie&#39;s upper leg, knee, and or lower thigh area  46  (shown in  FIG. 12 ). A vertical strap  45  may pass through slits  32  and wrap around the landing  44 . 
         [0062]    As  FIG. 12  illustrates, when playing on a dry surface  47 , a roller hockey goalie  48  wearing roller hockey goalie leg protective members  40  may place, attach, or strap roller apparatuses  16 ,  28  to knee and shin area landings  39 ,  44 . This may be accomplished, for example by using straps  41 ,  43 ,  45  and slits  22 ,  24 ,  32  on apparatuses  16 ,  28 . Indented recesses  21 ,  23 ,  31  containing the slits  24 ,  32  where the straps  41 ,  43 ,  45  pass through, may assist to avoid undesired contact of the straps  41 ,  43 ,  45  with the playing surface  47 . The same rolling apparatuses  16 ,  28 , but mirror images of one another, may be used on the roller hockey goalie&#39;s opposite leg protective member. 
         [0063]    As shown in  FIG. 12 , the pluralities of protruding ball bearings  26 ( i ),  26 ( ii ) of apparatuses  16 ,  28  may be in contact with a dry surface  47 , allowing the ball bearings to roll on the dry surface  47 . This rolling, combined with configurations of ball bearings aligned with the goalie&#39;s leg  49 , foot  50 , and knee  51  axes (as shown in  FIG. 14 ), may assist a roller hockey goalie  48  simulate on-ice motions and movements (when, for example, moving from a standing position to a “butterfly” or half “butterfly” position, or when already kneeling in the butterfly position and trying to move to block a puck from entering the goal). 
         [0064]      FIG. 15  illustrates embodiments of the roller apparatuses  53  and  54 , incorporated into a roller hockey goalie leg protective member  52 , which function to allow movement substantially similar to that described in the preceding paragraph.