Abstract:
In a color signal generating circuit, color signals are generated based on an image signal of an odd field of an interlace scanning and the color signals are stored. A luminance signal generating circuit generates a luminance signal based on the image signal of an odd field. An arithmetic circuit generates an interpolation luminance signal based on the color signals previously stored in the color signal generating circuit. A color difference generating circuit generates a color difference signal based on the color signals previously stored in the color generating circuit. Arranged as such, the color signal generating circuit avoids reduced vertical resolution and deviations in the displayed image when progressively scanning image information is generated from interlace scanning image information.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates to the field of color image signal processing. In particular, the present invention relates to a Y/C separator which generates a luminance signal and a chrominance (color difference) signal of a sequential scanning system on the basis of an image signal of an interlaced scanning system, and to a camera comprising such a Y/C separator. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     In case of generating a luminance signal and a color difference signal on the basis of an image signal outputted from an image pick-up device, such as a CCD or the like, a Y/C separation circuit (Y: Luminance signal, and C: Color difference signal) is used. The Y/C separation circuit includes a circuit which simply generates a luminance signal and a color difference signal, and, additionally, for example, a circuit provided with a function which receives an image signal of an interlaced scanning system and generates a luminance signal and a color difference signal of a sequential scanning system. Up to now, conversion from an interlaced scanning system to a sequential scanning system has been realized, for example, by twice repeating the scanning of each of the scanning lines forming an odd field. 
     There is a possibility that a moving image will be displayed in a distorted state when displaying by simply repeatedly using each scanning line. To display, repeatedly, the same scanning line, means that scanning lines having the same content are disposed in parallel with one another, and this causes deterioration in the resolution in the vertical direction. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention provide a Y/C separator capable of avoiding distortion of an image and deterioration of the resolution in the vertical direction. 
     The present invention makes substantially all scanning lines different in content from one another without repeating one scanning line. Due to this, distortion of an image and deterioration of the resolution in the vertical direction which have been generated in case of repeating each scanning line, can be avoided. 
     Those skilled in the art will understand the invention and additional objects and advantages of the invention by studying the description of preferred embodiments below with reference to the following drawings which illustrate the features of the appended claims. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a diagram of a camera with a specific embodiment of the of Y/C separator in accordance with the invention; 
     FIGS. 2 a  and  2   b  are first diagrams for explaining the operation of a specific embodiment the invention; 
     FIGS. 3 a  and  3   b  are second diagram for explaining the operation of a specific embodiment of the invention; and 
     FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram showing the conversion of an input interlaced signal into an output sequential signal. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     As shown in FIG. 1, a Y/C separation circuit of the invention has an analog-to-digital converter (A/D)  3  linked to a CCD  2  for interlaced scanning, a luminance signal generating circuit (LSG)  4 , a color signal generating circuit (buffer; BUF)  5 , an arithmetic circuit (CPU)  6 , and a color difference signal generating circuit (CSG)  7 . The A/D converter  3  is a known circuit composed of a logic device for converting the form of an image signal from an analog form to a digital form. The luminance signal generating circuit  4  is composed of a logic circuit for generating a luminance signal Y on the basis of an image signal. The buffer  5  is a circuit having a logic circuit for performing an arithmetic function which generates color signals R, G and B of red, green and blue on the basis of an image signal, and a memory device for storing the color signals. The arithmetic circuit  6  is a microprocessor which controls the timing for the luminance signal generating circuit  4  to generate a luminance signal Yodd, and the arithmetic circuit  6  generates an interpolation luminance signal Yeven on the basis of color signals R, G and B stored in the buffer  5 . The color difference signal generating circuit (CSG)  7  is a known circuit composed of a logic device for generating a color difference signal C on the basis of color signals R, G and B. Here, since both of the luminance signal generating circuit  4  and the arithmetic circuit  6  are related to generation of a luminance signal, both of them are collectively referred to as a luminance signal generating means  1 . 
     FIG. 2 a  shows an arrangement of color filters of the CCD  2 . In case that a scanning operation for making an odd field is started, columns C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , and so forth, of rows R 1  and R 2 , which form a line n, are first read out from the CCD  2 , and then columns C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , and so forth, of rows R 3  and R 4 , which form a line n+1, are read out. After this, until all of the image signals forming the odd field are obtained, reading out lines two by two, namely, reading out lines n+2, n+3, and so forth, is continued. The luminance signal generating circuit  4  generates a luminance signal Yodd on the basis of the read-out image signal. On the other hand, the buffer  5  generates color signals R, G and B, and, at the same time, stores these color signals. The color difference signal generating circuit  7  generates a color difference signal C, using these color signals R, G and B. 
     Here, a case of generating a luminance signal Y and a color difference signal C of an odd field is described in more detail. As shown in FIG. 2 b , a luminance signal Y of the line n is represented by Y 11 , Y 12 , Y 13 , etc. These luminance signals are computed by operations in the luminance signal generating circuit  4 , namely, operations (Ye+Mg) and (Cy+G). On the other hand, color signals R, G and B of the line n are represented by (R 11 , G 11  and B 11 ), (R 12 , G 12  and B 12 ), and so forth. 
     As appears from FIG. 2b, image data of two pixels are formed by combining color signals R 11 , G 11  and B 11  and luminance signals Y 11  and Y 12 . In the same way, image data of two pixels are formed by combining color signals R 12 , G 12  and B 12 , and luminance signals Y 13  and Y 14 , or combining color signals R 31 , G 31  and B 31 , and luminance signals Y 31  and Y 32 . That is to say, image data of two pixels are formed by combining a set of color signals and two luminance signals. The timing when the luminance signal generating circuit  4  outputs a luminance signal Yodd is controlled by the arithmetic circuit  6 . The arithmetic circuit  6  controls the output timing of a luminance signal synchronously with the read-out timing of the CCD  2 . 
     In case of an ordinary interlaced scanning, a scanning for making an odd field is performed and then a scanning for making an even field is performed, namely, reading out for forming lines n′, n′+1, and so forth, is performed. However, the Y/C separator of the invention generates an interpolation field instead of reading out lines n′, n′+1, and so forth. 
     A process of forming an interpolation field is implemented using color signals generated by the buffer  5  on the basis of image signals of a previously stored odd field. That is, the arithmetic circuit  6  generates a luminance signal Yeven on the basis of color signals R, G, B, generated by the buffer  5 . On the other hand, the color difference signal generating circuit  7  generates a color difference signal C on the basis of color signals R, G and B. 
     In order to generate a luminance signal Yeven of an interpolation field, the invention uses color signals R, G and B (R 11 , G 11 , B 11 , R 12 , G 12 , B 12 , R 31 , G 31 , B 31 , and so forth) as shown in FIG. 2 b . That is, the arithmetic circuit  6  generates color signals Cy, Mg, Ye and G on the basis of color signals R, G and B of an odd field stored in the buffer  5 . As shown in FIG. 3 a , the arithmetic circuit  6  generates color signals Mg 11 c and G 12 c on the basis of color signals R 11 , G 11  and B 11 . In the same way, the arithmetic circuit  6  generates color signals Ye 21 c and Cy 22 c on the basis of color signals R 31 , G 31  and B 31 . After this, in the same way, the arithmetic circuit  6  generates color signals Mg 13 c and G 14 c on the basis of color signals R 12 , G 12  and B 12 , and generates color signals Ye 23 c and cyan Cy 24 c on the basis of color signals R 32 , G 32  and B 32 . 
     Next, as shown in FIG. 3 b , the arithmetic circuit  6  generates luminance signals Y 21 , Y 22 , etc., and Y 41 , Y 42 , etc., on the basis of color signals Cy, Mg, Ye and G generated in the above-mentioned manner. That is, the arithmetic circuit  6  generates a luminance signal Y 21  on the basis of color signals Mg 11 c and Ye 21 c, a luminance signal Y 22  on the basis of color signals G 12 c and Cy 22 c, and a luminance signal Y 23  on the basis of color signals Mg 13 c and Ye 23 c. In a manner as described above with reference to FIG. 2 b , these luminance signals are referred as a luminance signal Yeven at the time of generating image data (used for an interpolation field). That is to say, image data of two pixels are formed by combining color signals R 11 , G 11  and B 11 , and luminance signals Y 21  and Y 22 . In the same way, image data of two pixels are formed by combining color signals R 12 , G 12  and B 12 , and luminance signals Y 23  and Y 24 , or combining color signals R 31 , G 31  and B 31 , and luminance signals Y 41  and Y 42 . That is, image data of two pixels are formed by combining a set of color signals and two luminance signals. 
     As described above, the invention makes an interpolation field having luminance signals different from luminance signals forming an odd field. Being different in luminance signals means that scanning lines adjacent to each other are different in content from each other. 
     In case of implementing an image display directly on the basis of color signals without generating color difference signals, it is sufficient to implement an image display by directly using color signals read out from the buffer  5  without doing so through the color difference signal generating circuit  7 . 
     In the Y/C separator of the invention, since luminance signals which form an odd field and luminance signals which form an interpolation field are different from each other, substantially different scanning lines are arranged. Therefore, it is possible to almost double the resolution in the vertical direction in comparison with a case of twice repeating the same scanning line. Fidelity to an image captured by a CCD is improved, and a moving image being distorted on a display screen is avoided. 
     FIG. 4 shows, graphically, the conversion of an input interlace scanned signal into an output sequential scanned signal. The input interlace scanned signal, according to the NTSC standard, includes 30 Hz. picture frames 10 each having 525 lines. In transmission, the odd and even lines are separated into separate fields  12  and  14 , each containing 262 lines at a field rate of 60 Hz. The, for example, odd lines field  12  is then applied to the luminance signal generator  4  which applies the odd lines to the Yodd output and also to the CPU  6 , which generates the Yeven output using interpolation. These outputs form the luminance signal of a frame  16  the output sequential scanned signal having a frame rate of 60 Hz and 525 lines. 
     The invention has been disclosed with reference to specific preferred embodiments, to enable those skilled in the art to make and use the invention, and to describe the best mode contemplated for carrying out the invention. Those skilled in the art may modify or add to these embodiments or provide other embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention. Thus, the scope of the invention is only limited by the appended claims.