Abstract:
Apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing meat patties has a chopped meat feeding unit which supplies meat to a continuously cycling molding apparatus to form meat patties. An interleaving paper dispensing apparatus positions individual sheets of paper on support means beneath the output point of the meat patty molding mechanism so that each meat patty formed will be interleaved between separate sheets of paper. The support means for the interleaved patty are actuated by the weight of the patty to rapidly withdraw, causing the patty and interleaving sheet to fall and form a stable stack.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates to butchering equipment and, more particularly, to a device for forming, interleaving and dispensing patties of chopped meat or other food. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     With the increased popularity of hamburgers, many machines have been developed to manufacture preformed hamburgers for use in restaurants, fast-food retailing outlets and for sale in supermarkets. Most of these machines are designed to take prechopped meat and form it into meat patties of a predetermined size in diameter and thickness, then interleave sheets of separating paper between the individual meat patties formed, and then stack or dispense the patties in conveninet stacks for further handling. 
     One of the major problems that has been encountered with the operation of these machines has been the interleaving and dispensing mechanisms of these machines. Specifically, it is found that it has been difficult to provide machines which can uniformly and accurately interleave a sheet of separating paper between the patties formed by the machine and then, after the interleaving process is completed, stack the interleaved patties so that they can be handled further. 
     The problems with the interleaving and stacking are in two major areas. The first is with respect to the synchronized positioning of a single, individual sheet of paper below each meat patty produced by the machine, and the second is the problem of effectively stacking the patties. For example, the machines shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,347,176, 3,461,483, and 3,488,918, all provide single sheeets of paper by slicing these sheets from a long, continuous roll of paper. This system has proved less than successful because of the possible difficulties arising from the slicing operation of the paper. If the knife which is used to cut the paper does not properly function, the paper will not be provided in time to intercept or be below patty which is produced by the machine. 
     Other machines, such as the one shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,347,176, even provide a means for interleaving the patties which requires that a sheet of paper and a patty meet in midair, and then fall to a predetermined depositing area. 
     The second problem concerns the stacking of the interleaved patties. This problem has been even more difficult to resolve than the problem of providing the individual sheets of interleaving paper in synchronized relationship. Most often, for one reason or another, the patty with the paper beneath it will not fall to a proper depositing area in a truly horizontal attitude. Instead, the interleaved patty will land on one edge or another and, therefore, tend to tip over any stack which has been formed, causing problems in handling of the output of the patty forming machine. 
     Attempts to properly align the interleaved patties have not proved completely successful. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,488,918 provides a wire flipper apparatus to hold a sheet of interleaving paper. These wire flippers are supposed to be moved out of the way by the weight of the falling patty. However, springs are connected to the flippers to return the flippers to the initial position for supporting the paper. Since these springs must exert an increasing force on the flippers as they move apart, the motion of the flippers will tend to slow in proportion to distance between the flippers. Therefore, near the maximum displacement of the flippers, the motion will be slowest, so that there is a tendency for the flippers not to move fast enough to allow the falling patty and interleaving paper to fall without catching one or both of the flippers. 
     U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,461,483; 3,126,683, and 3,388,529 all use a fixed frame which is supposed to have a hollow or an empty middle section just slightly smaller than the size of the individual sheets, so that the individual sheets will be supported at their peripheral edges and will be deformed sufficiently by the weight of the patty to fall through the frame to thereby fall in an even stack beneath the paper holding frame. 
     None of these patents, however, show a means for positively aligning the patty on the paper, which are actuated by the falling patty, and which when actuated will move in a manner that will insure a rapid movement of the support means out of the path of travel of the falling patty and interleaving sheet, to insure that the patty will fall in a uniform, erect stack. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     To overcome the problems of the prior art, the present invention sets forth apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties which provides a patty molding apparatus, coating with a paper dispensing apparatus in synchronized relationship and a support means, so that an individual sheet of interleaving paper will be deposited below and receive each individual food patty produced by the molding section of the machine. The support means comprises a pair of magnetically attractable flippers pivotally mounted in a pendulous mode to a frame on which are positioned magnets strong enough to lightly hold the flippers in an upward position to support the interleaving sheet delivered from the dispensing apparatus. The force of the falling patty is sufficient to break the magnetic attraction holding the flippers, so that the flippers will suddenly swing downward and out of the path of the patty, allowing the patty and paper to fall without interference. As the flippers swing back towards their initial position, the force of the magnets will be sufficient to again capture the flippers and hold them in the upper paper support position. 
     The support means moves as fast as the patty and interleaving paper and offers no increase of resistance as the opening of the flippers widens, so that the meat patty and paper will meet with minimal resistance from the paper support means and, therefore, will retain a true horizontal attitude and fall directly down beneath the support platform to form a uniform stack. 
     Accordingly, in view of the above it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties which provides synchronized dispensing of the patties with individual sheets of paper interleaved between the patties. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties, which accurately interleaves individual sheets of paper with patties, so that the patties and papers are always accurately aligned and positioned. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties, which prevents tipping of the interleaved patties and paper, so that the patties will form a uniform stack. 
     Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties, which dispenses interleaved patties in a proper attitude to form neat piles for easy handling. 
     It is also an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties, which provides uniformly sized patties. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties of uniform consistency. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties, which can provide patties of various predetermined thicknesses. 
     Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties which do not have any large voids or air bubbles. 
     It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties which is relatively reliable in service. 
     An additional object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties which provides a product of uniform size. 
     It is also an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties which furnishes a visible indication of the amount of paper left for interleaving. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties which dispenses individual sheets of paper one at a time, without requiriring cutting of the sheets of paper. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties which provides means for properly aligning the individual sheets of paper directly underneath the location where the patties formed by the apparatus are delivered. 
     An additional object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties which has support means for the interleaving sheet that are actuated to withdraw by the falling patty. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties which has support means for the interleaving sheet that will separate faster as the separation of the support means increases. 
     It is still another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties which has support means for the interleaving sheets that do not require springs or other resilient means for proper operation. 
     A further object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties which has support means for the interleaving sheets that will automatically return the initial support means under magnetic attraction and will when actuated be moved by gravitational forces. 
     Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description of an embodiment of the invention, and the novel features will be particularly pointed out hereinafter in connection with the appended claims. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an apparatus for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties, built in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 is a front elevation of the machine shown in FIG. 1. 
     FIG. 3 is a plan view of the machine shown in FIG. 1. 
     FIG. 4 is a back elevation of the machine shown in FIG. 1. 
     FIG. 5 is a left end elevation of FIG. 2. 
     FIG. 6 is a right end elevation of FIG. 2. 
     FIG. 7 is an enlarged front view of the machine. 
     FIG. 8 is an enlarged top view of the machine. 
     FIG. 9 is an enlarged back view of the machine, with the cover removed, showing the internal workings of the machine. 
     FIG. 10 is a section, taken along line 10--10 of FIG. 9. 
     FIG. 11 is a view taken along line 11--11 of FIG. 9, showing the linkage arrangement of the drive motor. 
     FIG. 12 is a top view of the fixed spacer plate used in the machine shown in FIG. 1. 
     FIG. 13 is a top view of the mold plate, with a hold cavity formed therein, used in the machine shown in FIG. 1. 
     FIG. 14 is a cross section, taken through line 14--14 of FIG. 3, showing air grooves in the bottom of the mold plate. 
     FIG. 15 is a front view of the magnetically held support means. 
     FIG. 16 is a top view of the magnetically held support means. 
     FIG. 17 is a side view of the magnetically held support means. 
     FIG. 18 is a view along line 18--18 of FIG. 11. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     As shown in the drawings, a machine for forming, interleaving and dispensing food patties, generally indicated at 20, has a housing 22 enclosing a drive system which powers a meat feeding system including a hopper 26 for providing chopped food to a patty forming mold system which includes a mold plate 28 for forming food patties which are then ejected from the mold plate by a mold ejection means, generally indicated at 30. A paper interleaving system, generally indicated at 32, is disposed at the side of the machine and feeds the interleaving papers to an interleaving and stacking system, generally indicated at 34, which arranges individual sheets of paper between each patty produced by the patty molding unit, and then arranges to stack the interleaved patties in a neat stack, shown at 36 in FIG. 7. 
     As shown in FIGS. 1 through 9, the housing 22 consists of a side wall 38 on which is mounted an electric switch 40, an opposite side wall 42 on which is mounted an electric motor 44 for a conveyor belt 46, whose function will be described later, a back wall of the housing 48 and a front wall 50. As shown in FIG. 9, the housing also has a top wall 52 and a bottom wall 54, which forms the top of a table generally indicated at 56, having four legs generally indicated as 57 with wheels 59 mounted on the bottom thereof, and a shelf 55 mounted below the top 54 and connected to the legs 57 to brace the table and also provide storage space. 
     The housing encloses a drive system consisting of a drive motor and speed reducing assembly 58 mounted to the bottom wall 54 of the housing by any convenient means, as for example by bolting, as shown in FIG. 9. 
     The shaft 60 from assembly 58 connects to drive shaft 62 through coupling 64 to turn drive sprocket 74 which turns driven sprocket 76 by means of chain 72. Since drive and drive sprockets 74 and 76 are equally sized, they will provide uniform, one-to-one rotational speed between the transmission 58 and the rotating vertical shaft 78 driven along with sprocket 76. 
     Shaft 78 drives a vertical, oscillating shaft 80 through a cam 82 which rotates with the driven shaft 78. As shown in FIG. 9, the cam 82 has an upper cam surface 84 with a cut out portion 86. A cam roller 88 is held in camming engagement with the cam surfaces 84 and 86 of the cam 82 by means of a cam roller lever arm 90 which is supported at one end by a bracket 92 and biased downward by a spring 94 anchored to the base of the housing. The other end of cam roller lever arm 90 is fastened to a block 98 which, in turn, is fixedly fastend to the oscillating vertical shaft 80 at a flat section of the shaft 100 by means of a set screw or any other convenient fastening means. The vertical oscillating rod 80 is allowed to move up and down with relation to the housing and is held in vertical position by means of a base guide 102 anchored to the floor of the housing and a top guide bushing 104 connected to the top 52 of the housing. 
     The shaft 78 driven from sprocket 76, in addition to driving cam 82, also drives a crank arm 106 which drives the mold plate 28 through a linkage arm 108. 
     The vertical rotating shaft 62 drives the meat feeding system, which incorporates hopper 26, and also the interleaving, stacking system, generally indicated at 34. The top of shaft 78 drives the mold plate 28 of the patty molding unit and additionally the cam 82 which, in turn, drives the vertical oscillating shaft 80. The vertical oscillating shaft, in turn, powers the mold ejection means 30 and a subtantial portion of the paper dispensing means. These various functions and components of the apparatus will be described separately in detail below. 
     The first step in processing any material, such as meat, through the machine consists of placing a quantity of previously chopped meat which is to be formed into the meat patties into the meat hopper 26, where the meat will be stirred and mixed to a uniform consistency and fed in individual quantities to the patty molding system. A meat feeder unit 110 is rotated by vertical rotating shaft 62 within hopper 26, and has a leading edge 112 and a trailing edge 114, as shown in FIG. 8, and has a stirring rod 116 adapted to rotate around with the unit, to stir the meat in the hopper in coaction with a meat retaining rod 118 which extends from the wall of the hopper. A cam shaped wall 120 is formed on the bottom of the meat feeder unit and serves two purposes. First, it pushes a quantity of meat which has fallen ahead of the leading edge 112 of the meat feeder unit as shown in FIG. 8 towards the outlet port 122 of the hopper in cooperation with a movable vane 124 to form a pocket which compresses the meat trapped ahead of the cam shaped wall. Additionally, the cam wall 120 coacts with the movable vane 124 to force the vane 124 to slide in the vane housing 126 against the urging of spring 128, so that the vane will be out of the way to permit the meat feeding unit to continue revolving within the hopper. 
     The opening 122 from the hopper 26 leads to a housing 130 which has a rectangularly shaped opening 132 through which the meat forced from the hopper will pass under the pressure of the rotating feed unit, to fill the patty molding system which will now be described. 
     As shown in FIGS. 9 through 14, the patty molding system consists of a mold plate 28 having a mold cavity 134 formed in the plate. The thickness of the plate and the size of the mold cavity will determine the size of the patty produced. The plates can vary in thickness up to about 11/2 inch, and the size and shape of the cavity can be widely varied without affecting the operation of the device. So, for example, it is quite feasible to produce geometrical shapes, other than circles, or, for example, even shapes which resemble pork chops or veal cutlets. 
     The mold plate 28 is mounted below a spacer plate 136 which has a rectangular opening 138 and is fixedly mounted to an upper section 139 of the top of the housing. The mold plate 28 is oscillated in a horizontal plane by the crank 106 and connecting link 108 driven by shaft 78. The connecting link 108 is connected to a back drive unit 140 which is connected to the end of the mold plate 28 by an convenient attaching method, such as bolting. Connecting link 108 is fastened to the back drive by a &#34;T-bolt&#34; 141, having a threaded end 143 which engages the threaded hole 142 in the back drive. The shank 145 of the T-bolt rides in a timing slot 146 in the end of link 108. The mold plate can be easily disconnected from the connecting link by merely turning handle 144 of T-bolt 141, to unscrew the threaded end 143 from the threaded bore 142 in the back up plate. Additionally, it should be noted that the shoulder of shank 145 and the handle 144 coacting with back drive unit 140 and connecting link 108 adds rigidity to the assembly. 
     As output shaft 78 of transmission 60 rotates, the crank 106 will rotate in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 11, and connecting link 108 by means of T-bolt 141 will oscillate the back drive unit and, therefore, the mold plate 28, thereby moving the mold cavity 134 backwards and forwards in a predetermined path of travel. The timing slot 146 at the end of the connecting link 108 provides a pause in the travel of the mold plate 28 during which time the length of the slot passes over the T-bolt 141. The purpose of this pause in travel will become apparent when discussed below. 
     The oscillation of the mold plate 28 brings the mold cavity 134 into registration with the rectangular slot 138 in the spacing plate and the rectangular opening 132 in the bottom of the outlet housing 130 from the hopper, so that meat which has been forced into the outlet housing under the action of the meat feeder unit will flow through the rectangular passages in the bottom of the meat feeder housing, and the spacer plate to fill the mold cavity as it passes underneath the openings. At the other end of the path of travel of the mold plate, the mold cavity 134 will be positioned directly underneath the knock out cup 148 of the mold ejection means 30. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the knock out cup 148 is mounted on a patty ejection arm 150 and is secured to the upper end of vertical oscillating shaft 80 by means of a retaining cylinder 152 connected to shaft 80 by any convenient means, such as a set screw as shown, and by means of a paper pressure arm 154, whose function will be explained later. Accordingly, when the oscillating vertical shaft 80 drops downward because of the coaction of cam surface 86 and cam roller 88, the knock out cup 148 will also come down directly to the mold cavity 134 which is positioned below the arm and filled with meat in the shape of the mold cavity. 
     As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the mold plate 28 has a plurality of grooves constructed to coact with the mold cavity 134. A first groove 155 following the general shape of the mold cavity surrounds the circular mold cavity 134. A central linear groove 153 extends through the end of the mold plate through circular groove 155 to mold cavity 134, and two grooves parallel to groove 153 and disposed on either side of it extend from circular groove 155 to the end of the mold plate. These groove serve a very important function in that they provide air passages between the bottom of the mold plate 28 and the top 52 of the housing of the machine through which passage of the air in the mold cavity can escape when the cavity is being filled with the meat. Without this passage, very often, the fats and oils which are plentiful in the chopped meats and other foods used to form the patty, will tend to form a seal between the interfaces of the mold cavity 134 and the lower surface of the spacing plate 136 and the top of the machine housing which would prevent the air from escaping. Without the air escape passages, there would be large quantities of air trapped with the mold cavity which would either produce large voids in the patties formed in the mold cavity or which might even tend to prevent a sufficient quantity of meat from being placed within the mold cavity. 
     It should also be noted that the top of the knock out cap 148 has a plurality of holes 156 which act to allow air into the knock out cup behind the patty, to prevent a vacuum from forming between the patty and the cup. Such a vacuum would tend to cause the patty which had been knocked from the mold cavity to adhere to the knock out cup. The air holes, therefore, assist in the release of the patty from the knock out cup. 
     The interleaving paper dispensing means, generally indicated at 32 operates in synchronization with the mold ejection means 30, since both systems are actuated by vertical movement of the vertical oscillating shaft 80. The interleaving paper dispensing means is most clearly shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 and, as mentioned previously, consists of a motor 44 which drives a conveyor belt 46 on which is placed a stack of individual interleaving papers 158. The papers are supported underneath the belt by means of a conveyor belt support bracket 160 and are held in position by two rear pins 162 against which the stack is placed, and by a paper holder pin 164 which extends up through a hole 166 placed in each individual interleaving paper. 
     The motor 44 for the conveyor belt is connected to the main switch 40 of the entire machine and, therefore, it is automatically turned on when the drive motor 58 is turned on, so that the conveyor belt is in constant movement. The stack of papers 158 on the conveyor belt is prevented from movement by a paper holder pin 164, so the papers will remain stationary until the vertical oscillating shaft 80 is pulled downward by spring 94 when the cam surface 86 coacts with the cam roller 88. When the vertical oscillating shaft 80 is moved down, then a paper pressure arm 154 which will bear down on paper pressure foot 163 through the paper pressure arm spring 165. The paper pressure foot is held in position by a paper pressure foot shaft 167 around which spring 165 is disposed. 
     When the pressure is increased on the paper pressure foot, it will force the bundle of papers 158 downward against the moving conveyor belt with enough force so that the friction produced between the lowermost paper and moving conveyor belt will be sufficient to rip the bottom paper on the stack away from the paper holding pin 164 and start the paper moving along the conveyor belt towards the horizontally positioned support rods 168. 
     To insure that the paper will continue to move along with the conveyor belt, two hold down arms 185 pivotally mounted on a rod 186 which in turn is supported by a bracket 187 connected to the housing will bear downward on the paper to maintain the frictional contact between the paper and the moving conveyor belt. 
     When the individual sheet of paper reaches the end of the conveyor belt, it will fall downward and continue its movement to the right, as shown in FIG. 7, until it comes to rest against the upward bending end portions 170 of the horizontal rods 168. The paper will wait in its proper position until the knock out cup 148 ejects the patty from the mold cavity which will then be located over the horizontally placed support rods 168. After the patty is ejected from the mold cavity, it will then fall a short distance to be on top of the sheet of paper held by the horizontal rods 168. 
     The horizontal rods 168 are mounted in a nonmagnetic bar, such as aluminum, 174 which is connected to the housing of the machine by a bolt passing through aligning slot 176 at the end of nonmagnetic rod 174. The horizontal bars 168 include the upbent stop section of the rod mentioned previously, and additionally a horizontal displacement portion 173, which in turn is bent to form a pivot portion 172, which extends through pivot holes 178 in nonmagnetic bar 174. A second horizontal displacement portion 175 extends from the pivot portion 172 and ends in a holding bend portion 171. The operation of the horizontal rods is as follows. Magnets 180 are mounted to the mounting bar 174 by means of magnet holding bolts 182. A series of shims 184 are positioned between the bottom of the magnets 180 and the mounting bar 174 to regulate the magnetic force that will be exerted by the magnets against items below the mounting bar 174. The horizontal rods 168 are pivotally mounted in the nonmagnetic mounting bar 174 by passage of the pivot portion 172 of the rods through the pivot holes 178 in the nonmagnetic bar. 
     Without the influence of the magnet, the horizontal bars would position themselves directly underneath the pivot holes 178 in the nonmagnetic bars 174. However, because of the attraction of the magnet 180 on the horizontal displacement portions 173 and 175 of the rod 168, the horizontal displacement portions are brought up into contact with the bottom of the shim 184 to hold the rods in the relatively closed position. 
     When the patty is ejected from the mold cavity, it will fall a short distance to be on top of the sheet of paper held by the horiziontal rods and also make contact with the horizontal rods with sufficient force to break the magnetic attraction between the magnet and the horizontal portions 173 and 175 of the rods 168, causing the rods to swing downward under the force of gravity into the open position shown by the dotted line in FIGS. 15, 16 and 17. 
     In effect, this is a pendulum-type motion, and the rods 168 will tend to swing slightly passed the support point, namely the holes 178 in the nonmagnetic rod, and then swing back towards their initial position sufficiently to allow the magnetic attraction from the magnet 180 to capture the horizontal portions 173 and 175 of the horizontal rods and bring them back up to the initial rest position. 
     Needless to say, the horizontal rods 168 must be made out of a material which is susceptible to a magnetic attraction. 
     It should be pointed out that several advantages arise in connection with the operation of the horizontal rods. Note, that no synchronization is required, and therefore no connecting links or other actuating means necessary to operate the horizontal rods to allow the potty to fall through when it contacts the interleaving sheet of paper. Further, because the rods swing down as well as to the side, and do so under the influence of gravity once the initial light magnetic attraction is broken, the movement of the rods 168 away from the path of travel of the patty is extremely rapid. This would contrast to the situation where the rods were spring-loaded up to the initial support position. In those situations, the movement of the patty from the initial rest position becomes evermore difficult and nonlinear. 
     In contrast, the motion of the support rods in the present invention is extremely rapid and effortless once the initial attraction of the magnets is broken. 
     Additionally, the force of the magnets on the movement of the horizontal rods can be very accurately regulated by placement of the shims 184 between the nonmagnetic bar and the magnets. The distance between the end of the magnets 180 and the horizontal displacement portions 173 and 175 of the rods is very critical through the magnetic attraction that will be exerted and, therefore, this can be very carefully regulated. 
     Having explained the operation of the individual components, the operation of the entire machine is straight-forward. The speed reduction transmission 60 drives rotating vertical shaft 70 to rotate the meat feeding unit 110 within the hopper 26 to force the meat into exit housing 130 and down through the passages 132 and 138 in the housing and the spacing plate respectively into the mold cavity 134. The mold cavity which is located in mold plate 28 is moved from its initial loading position in which the meat or other substance is forced into the cavity to its eject position at which point the knock out cup 148 ejects the patty from the mold cavity downward onto the sheet of paper which is resting on the support rods 168. Since when the hopper is initially loaded it will take more than one revolution of the meat feeding unit before any substance in the hopper is passed into the mold cavity and delivered to the eject station, by that time, the vertical oscillating shaft has been depressed several times in synchronization with the revolutions of the next feeding unit, so that a sheet of interleaving paper will have reached and been placed on the support rods 168, awaiting the ejection of the patty onto the interleaving paper. 
     After the patty is ejected, it will strike the sheet of interleaving paper held ion the support rods 168, forcing the support rods to swing to the open position, allowing the interleaved patty to maintain a true horiziontal attitude and fall straight down to form a neat stack 136 at the side of the machine. 
     It should be pointed out that although the machine has been discussed with reference to producing meat patties, many other materials are capable of being formed into patties by this apparatus, such as fish, candy, or any other edible substance. 
     It should also be noted that since the drive sprockets for both the vertical rotating shafts are the same size, the vertical rotating shafts will be in synchronization and so will the movements of the vertical oscillating shaft. Therefore, all that is necessary to provide complete synchronization of all components of the system is merely the proper relative angular alignment between the components. 
     Since there is always a sheet of paper underneath each patty before the patty is ejected from the mold cavity, the machine prevents the situation where two patties formed by the apparatus come in contact with each other and, therefore, will almost inevitably be fused together during further processing as, for example, when they are frozen. 
     As mentioned previously, because of the air passage grooves 155, 153, and 137 at the bottom of the mold plate, an easy access path is provided for air to leave the mold cavity, thereby insuring that the mold cavity will be easily and uniformly filled with material dispensed from the feeder unit and thereby insuring that there will be no large voids or non-uniformities produced in the patties. 
     The mold plate 28 can be quickly and easily changed in the machine merely by detaching the mold plates from the back drive unit 140 of the molding system. Therefore, patties of different thicknesses or shapes can easily be provided. 
     It should be noted that the operation of this machine is independent of the thickness or the shape of the paper or whether the weight of the patties will be heavy enough to deform the support means holding up the paper when the patty is placed onto it in the present apparatus. The paper is formly held by support rods and the patty is placed on the support roeds which are firmly positioned. Only after the patty lands on the paper are the support rods drawn away at a speed which is sufficient to allow the patty to fall without interference. Therefore, the patty will always have a true horizontal attitude and fall directly downward to form neat stacks of interleaved patties. 
     It will be understood that various changes in the details, materials and arrangements of parts which have been herein described and illustrated in order to explain the nature of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art within the principle and scope of the invention, as expressed in the appended claims.