Abstract:
A spray deterrent application type animal training apparatus and its control method is disclosed. The apparatus affixed to the collar of a dog provides a vibration stimulus, stimulus to olfactory sense and visual sense. The transparent spray deterrent reservoir case of the apparatus allows a trainer or an animal owner to simply identify level of spray substance. A light emitting diode (LED) is secured to the vicinity of a spraying nozzle of the spray unit and indicates a spray path by flashing a light on the spray path. Also, an animal is trained using stronger stimulus for a rapid learning at the beginning of training and is warned against an undesired behavior of an animal using light stimulus after being well trained.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The present invention relates generally to an animal training apparatus and control method thereof, and more particularly to an animal training apparatus which applies spray deterrents to a dog, according to key selection of a remote transmitter, by a stimulus delivery mechanism provided in a receiver affixed to the collar of the animal. 
         [0003]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0004]    In order to correct an undesired behavior of an animal, especially a dog, it has been used an electrical animal training apparatus or a containment apparatus in general comprises a collar mounted radio receiver worn on the animal and a radio transmitter. 
         [0005]    The radio transmitter transmits desired signals to the radio receiver which in turn applies an appropriate stimulus to the animal, such as a good tone/bad tone, electrical stimulation, vibration, citronella spray, etc. 
         [0006]    In the case of a receiver which applies an electrical stimulation to an animal, the receiver unit typically includes a pair of electrode probes which are engaged with threaded terminal posts extending from the receiver unit and through the collar. 
         [0007]    An electrical potential is applied between the electrode probes resulting in electrical current flowing through the skin of the animal. A strong electrical stimulation may hurt the skin of the animal or shock him mentally. 
         [0008]    In order to avoid application of an electrical shock to a dog, as an example, there are known in U.S. Pat. No. 5,046,453 an animal training apparatus that releases cold fluid onto the skin of the animal and in U.S. Pat. No. 6,588,376 an appliance for dissuasion of a dog from barking by an irritant sprayed onto or into the vicinity of the dog&#39;s nose. 
         [0009]    Also, U.S. Pat. No. 6,604,490 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,668,760 disclose an apparatus for controlling the barking of pet dogs by varying doses of the spray deterrent and period of spray time according to animal&#39;s response to previous deterrent attempts. 
         [0010]    Further, U.S. Pat. No. 6,047,664 discloses an apparatus that includes a conventional visual indicator for providing a visual representation of the selected corrective stimulus intensity level and emits a corrective stimulus consisting of an electrical stimulus coupled with an audible warning sound. The visual indicator represents a selected stimulus intensity level to a trainer. 
         [0011]    In the spray control bark collar disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,604,490, the apparatus includes an indicator designed to give the animal trainer a warning when the deterrent reservoir is getting low before the reservoir becomes empty. 
         [0012]    Obviously, if the reservoir is empty, then the spray control bark collar does not serve an effective deterrent. The method according to the prior art involves resetting a counter when the reservoir is filled. As the deterrent is applied, a counter is incremented to keep track of either the number of or the total time of the application. The counter is monitored and when a threshold value is reached, a low reservoir warning signal is produced. 
         [0013]    The method measuring a low level of deterrent material by a counter has a problem in that it needs a complicated device for counting the number of application whenever the deterrent is applied. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0014]    Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a spray deterrent type animal training apparatus, which incorporates vibration stimulus method for controlling an animal in a more effective manner. 
         [0015]    Another object of the present invention is to provide a spray deterrent type animal training apparatus, which allows a trainer to identify spray operation of the apparatus in a visual manner. 
         [0016]    Another object of the present invention is to provide a spray deterrent type animal training apparatus, which allows a trainer to identify level of spray substance contained in a reservoir with the naked eye through the outer case of the apparatus. 
         [0017]    Still another object of the present invention is to provide an animal training apparatus and control method thereof, which selectively applies a strong warning to the untrained animal at the beginning stage and a light warning to a considerably trained animal. 
         [0018]    In order to accomplish the above object, an animal training apparatus according to the present invention provides a transmitter and a receiver, wherein: the transmitter includes a key input unit including a spray function selecting key, a vibration function selecting key, and a spray and vibration selecting key configured to allow a combination of spray and vibration and levels indicating the intensities of spray to be selected; a transmitter controlling unit for performing control so that a signal corresponding to a function selected and input by the key input unit is transmitted; and a radio transmitting unit for transmitting the radio signal corresponding to the selected function under the control of the transmitter controlling unit; and the receiver includes a radio receiving unit for receiving the radio signal from the transmitter; a spray unit for emitting spray substance in response to a spray operation command included in the signal received by the radio receiving unit; a vibration unit for generating vibrations in response to a vibration operation command in the signal received by the radio receiving unit; a light emitting unit including a light emitting diode installed near the spraying nozzle of the spray unit and configured to display a spray path by illuminating the path of the emitted spray substance; and a receiver controlling unit for controlling the above units. 
         [0019]    Preferably, the spray substance reservoir included in the spray unit is made of transparent material so that the level of remaining spray substance can be checked from the outside. 
         [0020]    Preferably, the upper case of the receiver is made of transparent material and the spray substance reservoir included in the spray unit is provided with a see-through window. 
         [0021]    Preferably, the light emitting diode has directionality, and the light emitting diode is inclined to the central line of the spray nozzle at an angle of about 4° so that light meets the central line of the spray nozzle at the middle of the length of the spray path. 
         [0022]    Preferably, the spray and vibration selecting key of the transmitter selects function for applying spray after vibration and first level, second level and third level for intensity of spray. 
         [0023]    Preferably, if the spray function selecting key is pressed after a spray and vibration selecting key is switched to the first level, spray substance is sprayed for 70 millisecond, if it is pressed after being switched to the second level, the spray substance is sprayed for 210 millisecond, if it is pressed after being switched to the third level, a spraying operation continues for the period for which the spray function selecting key has been pressed. 
         [0024]    Preferably, if the spray function selecting key is pressed after the spray and vibration selecting key is selected with a function for applying spray and vibration, the receiver generates vibration by operating the vibration unit, and then it sprays deterrent substance by operating the spray unit. 
         [0025]    Preferably, if the spray function selecting key is pressed after the spray and vibration selecting key is switched to a function for applying spray and vibration, the receiver generates vibration corresponding to the first level by operating the vibration unit, and then it sprays spray substance by operating the spray unit and turns the light emitting diode on so as to illuminate a spray path, thereafter if the spray function selecting key is continuously pressed, it increasingly generates vibrations corresponding to the second level, the third level and the forth level and it sprays deterrent substance by operating the spray unit. 
         [0026]    In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a method of controlling the receiver of the animal training apparatus, the method including receiving data from the transmitter; and determining whether any of a vibration mode, a spray mod and a mode spraying with vibration is selected; if the vibration mode is selected, generating vibration by operating the vibration unit; if the spraying and vibration mode is selected, spraying deterrent substance after generating vibration with first level; if the spray mode is selected, spraying deterrent substance by operating the spray unit for time varied according to a received level; if the spraying and vibration mode or the spray mode is selected, controlling the light emitting diode to radiate light and the light emitted from the light emitting diode illuminates the spray path; increasing a level of the vibration by one level and returning to the step of receiving data from the transmitter. 
         [0027]    Preferably, the spray with vibration mode generates vibration for time corresponding to the selected mode from first level to forth level. 
         [0028]    Preferably, the spray and vibration mode generates vibration and sprays spray substance simultaneously. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0029]    The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
           [0030]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram showing system configuration of the animal training apparatus according to the present invention; 
           [0031]      FIG. 2  is a perspective view showing a transmitter of the animal training apparatus according to the present invention; 
           [0032]      FIG. 3  is a perspective view showing a receiver of the animal training apparatus according to the present invention; 
           [0033]      FIG. 4A  is a perspective view showing the state in which the upper case of the receiver according to the present invention has been made of transparent material and the collar has been inserted thereto; 
           [0034]      FIG. 4B  is a plan view showing the state in which the collar has been removed from the receiver and the see-through window of an internal spray container can be seen according to the present invention; 
           [0035]      FIG. 5  is a partly perspective view showing an angle between the optical axis of the light emitting diode and spray path in the receiver of the animal training apparatus according to the present invention; 
           [0036]      FIG. 6  is a timing diagram depicting various modes of sequential application of vibration and spraying according to the present invention; 
           [0037]      FIG. 7  is a timing diagram depicting various modes of simultaneous application of vibration and spraying in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; and 
           [0038]      FIG. 8  is a flowchart showing a method for controlling the receiver of the animal training apparatus according to the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0039]    Reference now should be made to the drawings, in which the same reference numerals are used throughout the different drawings to designate the same or similar components. 
         [0040]    The detailed construction, effects, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be clearly described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. 
         [0041]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram showing the configuration of an animal training apparatus according to the present invention. An animal training apparatus according to the present invention includes a transmitter  100  and a receiver  200 . The receiver  100  is attached to a collar worn around the neck of an animal and the transmitter  200  is provided with key buttons which enable a trainer to select the functions of the receiver  100  when the receiver is far away from the trainer. 
         [0042]    The transmitter  100  includes a key input unit  10  including a spray function selecting key  11 , a vibration function selecting key  12 , and a spray and vibration selecting key  13  configured to allow a combination of spray and vibration and levels indicating the intensities of spray to be selected; a transmitter controlling unit  20  for performing control so that a signal corresponding to a function selected and input by the key input unit  10  is transmitted; and a radio transmitting unit  30  for wirelessly transmitting the radio signal corresponding to the selected function under the control of the transmitter controlling unit  20 . 
         [0043]    The receiver  200  includes a radio receiving unit  40  for receiving the radio signal from the transmitter  100 ; a spray unit  50  for emitting spray substance in response to a spray operation command included in the signal received by the radio receiving unit  40 ; a vibration unit  60  for generating vibrations in response to a spray operation command in the signal received by the radio receiving unit  40 ; a light emitting unit  80  including a light emitting diode  93  installed near the spraying nozzle  92  of the spray unit  50  and configured to display a spray path by illuminating the path of the emitted spray substance; and a receiver controlling unit  70  for controlling the above units. 
         [0044]    The transmitter  100  of the animal training apparatus according to the present invention, as shown in  FIG. 2 , is designed in a portable size and weight for a trainer to carry along with it and manipulate it, and includes the spray function selecting key  11  and the vibration function selecting key  12  for responding to the corresponding commands so as to issue various commands or stimuli to an animal to be trained, and also the spray and vibration selecting key  13  for allowing a combination of spray and vibration and to select levels indicating the intensities of spray to be selected. 
         [0045]    When the trainer presses the spray function selecting key  11  while holding the transmitter  100 , a spray selection signal is input to the transmitter controlling unit  20 , and the transmitter controlling unit  20  controls the radio transmitting unit  30 , thereby transmitting a wireless signal, including a spray operation signal, to the receiver  200 . 
         [0046]      FIG. 3  is a perspective view showing the receiver of the animal training apparatus according to the present invention. 
         [0047]    The receiver  200  according to the present invention includes a collar  90  worn on animal&#39;s neck and a supporting ring  91  configured to retain the receiving device  200  around animal&#39;s neck. Furthermore, the supporting ring  91  is configured such that the longitudinal central line of the supporting ring  91  is perpendicular to that of the collar  90  worn around animal&#39;s neck. 
         [0048]    Accordingly, when the receiver  200  is worn around the neck of an animal, the spray direction of a spray nozzle  92  disposed on the top of the receiver  200  is directed toward the bottom of the animal&#39;s nose. Accordingly, when spray substance is emitted from the spray nozzle  92 , the spray substance reaches the nose of the animal in length, so that an odor that is obnoxious to the animal stimulates the olfactory sense of the animal through the nose. 
         [0049]      FIG. 4A  is a perspective view showing the state in which the upper casing of the receiving device according to the present invention has been made of transparent material and the collar has been inserted thereto, and  FIG. 4B  is a plan view showing the state in which the collar has been removed and the see-through window of an internal spray container can be seen. 
         [0050]    The receiver  200  according to the present invention is configured, as shown in  FIG. 4A , such that the upper case  201  is made of transparent material, and the spray substance reservoir  51  included in the spray unit  50  is made of transparent material or a see-through window  52  is provided, so that the level of remaining spray substance can be checked from the outside. 
         [0051]    Also, the spray substance reservoir  51  is made of transparent material or the see-through window  52  is provided as shown in  FIG. 4B , so that the level of the spray substance contained in the reservoir  51  can be checked using the eyes. 
         [0052]    In contrast to the case where consummation of the spray substance is determined by conducting counting whenever the spray substance is emitted, checking the level of the spray substance using the eyes is advantageous in that a complicated device such as a counter is not required, the cost of such a device can be eliminated, and the erroneous operation of such a device can be obviated. 
         [0053]    A spray selection signal transmitted by the transmitter  100  is received by the receiver control unit  70  through a receiving antenna  41  and a radio receiving unit  40 . The receiver control unit  70  operates the spray unit  50 , thereby emitting the spray substance, which imparts an obnoxious odor or a chill sensation to the animal, toward the nose of the animal through the spray nozzle  92 . 
         [0054]    For example, the spray substance reservoir  51  provided in the receiver  200  according to the present invention is configured such that it is of the capacity of about 4.2 mg, the spray substance can be sprayed an average of  47  times in a single charging thereof, the spray substance is each time sprayed for a duration of 70 ms, and the spray substance is sprayed to a distance of 30 cm. 
         [0055]    When the spray substance is sprayed, a light emitting diode  93  disposed near the spray nozzle  92  emits light, so that the particles of the spray substance reflects the light emitted from the light emitting diode  93 , with the result that the trainer can view the path of the spray substance using the eyes. 
         [0056]    The light emitting diode  93  has directionality, and the light emitted by the light emitting diode  93  is diffused to the outside of an optical axis  94  at an angle of about 4°. As shown in  FIG. 5 , the light emitting diode  93  is inclined to the central line  95  of the spray nozzle  92  at an angle of about 4° so that light meets the central line  95  of the spray nozzle  92  at the middle of the length of the spray path. 
         [0057]    In other words, since the spray path is about 30 cm in length, the middle of the length of the spray path corresponds to a location about  15  cm away from the spray nozzle  92 . Here, the central line  95  of the spray nozzle  92  is a line that passes through the center of the spray nozzle  92 . 
         [0058]    The light reflected from the fog of the emitted spray substance enables the trainer to view the emission of the spray substance when he or she is far from the animal or gives night training. 
         [0059]    The receiver  200  according to the present invention is configured such that after the spray substance has been emitted, the light emitting diode  93  included in the light emitting unit  80  radiates light and, therefore, illuminates the spray path, so that the trainer can verify the emission of the spray substance, and so that a stimulus can be imparted to the animal because the animal can also see the light. 
         [0060]    Furthermore, when the trainer presses the vibration function selecting key  12  of the transmitter  100 , a vibration selection signal is transmitted to the receiving device  200 . The receiving control unit  70  having received the vibration selection signal from the transmitter  100  operates the vibration generation unit  60 , thereby imparting vibration to the skin of the animal. 
         [0061]    When the trainer desires to apply a combination of vibration and spray to the animal, the trainer rotates the spray and vibration selecting key  13  to the position “P pager” and presses the spray function selecting key  11 . As shown in 
         [0062]      FIG. 6(   a ), at a first vibration level, three pulses each having a duration of 200 ms corresponding to a duty ratio of 0.25 are output during each period of 800 ms, and then the spray substance is sprayed through the spray nozzle  92  for a duration of 70 ms about 100 ms after the time the three pulses have been output. 
         [0063]    When the spray function selecting key  11  is pressed repeatedly after the spray and vibration selecting key  13  has been rotated to the position “P pager,” second, third and fourth vibration levels are sequentially activated, so that three pulses each having a duration of 400 ms, 600 ms or 800 ms corresponding to duty ratios of 0.5, 0.75 or 1 are output at each level during each period of 800 ms, as shown in  FIG. 6(   h ) to  FIG. 6(   d ). 
         [0064]    After three 400 ms, 600 ms or 800 ms pulses have been output at each level, the spray substance is sprayed by the spray nozzle  92  for a duration of about 70 ms, 100 ms after the three pulses have been emitted. In this case, immediately after the spray substance has been sprayed at each level, the light emitting diode  93  shows the spray path. 
         [0065]    Furthermore, as shown in  FIG. 7 , vibration and spray may be applied at the same time. When the spray and vibration selecting key  13  is rotated to the position “P” and the spray function selecting key  11  is pressed, the spray substance is sprayed as shown in  FIG. 7(   e ) at the same time that the first vibration level is activated as shown in  FIG. 7(   a ). In the same manner, the spray substance can also be sprayed at the second, third or fourth level shown in  FIG. 7(   b ) to  FIG. 7(   d ). 
         [0066]    By the switching between the four levels, an untrained animal is caused to rapidly accept training using a strong warning by applying a higher vibration level to the untrained animal, and a considerably trained animal is corrected for undesirable behavior using a light warning by applying a lower vibration level to the considerably trained animal. 
         [0067]    In the same manner, when only the spray substance is applied to the animal, the spray and vibration selecting key  13  is configured to select the intensities of spraying using first and second levels, as shown in  FIG. 2 . Accordingly, an untrained animal is caused to rapidly accept training using a strong warning by applying a higher spraying level to the untrained animal, and a considerably trained animal is corrected for undesirable behavior using a light warning by applying a lower spraying level to the considerably trained animal. 
         [0068]      FIG. 8  is a flowchart showing a method of controlling the receiver of the animal training apparatus according to the present invention. 
         [0069]    At step S 81 , an initializing operation is performed. At step S 82 , data transmitted by the transmitter  100  is received through the receiving antenna  41  and the radio receiving unit  40 . At step S 83 , whether the received data is vibration mode data is determined. 
         [0070]    In the case that the received data is vibration mode data, vibration is output at step S 84 , and then the process proceeds to step S 82 . If the trainer has pressed the vibration function selecting key  12  when the vibration mode data is successively received from the transmitter  100 , vibrations are applied to the animal for the period for which the trainer has pressed the vibration function selecting key  12 . 
         [0071]    In the case that, as a result of the determination at step S 83 , the received data is not vibration mode data, the process proceeds to step S 85  where whether the current mode is vibration+spray mode (a mode in which spray and vibration are applied together) is determined. If a spray+vibration mode signal has been received, three pulses each having a duration of 200 ms, corresponding to the first vibration level, are output, as shown in  FIG. 6(   a ), and then applied to the animal. 
         [0072]    Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S 89  where the first spraying level is applied, that is, the spray substance is sprayed for a duration of 70 ms, and then to step S 92  where the light emitting diode  93  is operated for a duration of the duration of spraying+100 ms=170 ms, thereby enabling the trainer to view the path of the spray substance using the eyes by causing the particles of the spray substance to reflect the light radiated by the light emitting diode  93 . 
         [0073]    At step S 93 , in the case that a current vibration level is lower than the fourth vibration level, the current vibration level is increased by one level. Thereafter, the process returns to step S 82  where data is received from the transmitter  100 , and step S 82  and its following steps are repeated. 
         [0074]    If during the repetition of step S 82  and its following steps, the spray and vibration selecting key  13  has been selected as “P” and the trainer has continuously pressed the spray function selecting key  11 , this is the case where vibration+spray mode continues, in which case the process proceeds from step S 82  through step S 83  and step S 85  to step S 86 . 
         [0075]    At step S 86 , the vibration level is increased to the second vibration level (at step S 93  of a second process loop, the vibration level is increased) and then pulses each having a duration of 400 ms corresponding to a duty ratio of 0.5 are output during a period of 800 ms, as shown in  FIG. 6(   b ), thereby imparting strong stimuli to an animal during training. 
         [0076]    In the same manner, if in the state where the vibration level has been increased to the second vibration level, the spray and vibration selecting key  13  has been selected as “P” and the trainer has continuously pressed the spray function selecting key  11 , the vibration level is increased to the third vibration level at step S 93  of a third process loop, and then pulses each having a duration of 600 ms corresponding to a duty ratio of 0.75, which corresponds to the third vibration level, are output during a period of 800 ms, as shown in  FIG. 6(   c ), at step S 86 . 
         [0077]    If in the state where the vibration level has been increased to the third vibration level, the spray and vibration selecting key  13  has been selected as “P” and the trainer has continuously pressed the spray function selecting key  11 , the vibration level is increased to the fourth vibration level at step S 93  of a fourth process loop and then pulses each having a duration of 800 ms corresponding to a duty ratio of 1 are output during a period of 800 ms, as shown in  FIG. 6(   d ). 
         [0078]    The reason why training is performed by switching between the four vibration levels is to cause an untrained animal to rapidly accept training using a strong warning by applying a higher spraying level to the untrained animal, and to correct a considerably trained animal for undesirable behavior using a lighter warning by applying a lower spraying level to the considerably trained animal. 
         [0079]    Meanwhile, if, as a result of the determination at step S 85 , the current mode is determined not to be spray+vibration mode, the process proceeds to step S 87  where whether the current mode is spray mode is determined. In the case that the current mode is not spray mode, the process proceeds to step S 82  wherein data is received from the transmitting device. If the current mode is spray mode, the process proceeds to step S 88  where which of the first, second and third spraying levels has been selected is determined. 
         [0080]    In the case that the trainer has switched the spray and vibration selecting key  13  of the transmitter  100  to the first level, the spray substance is sprayed for a duration of 70 ms at step S 89 . 
         [0081]    If the trainer has switched the spray and vibration selecting key  13  to the second level, the spray substance is sprayed for a duration of  210  ms at step S 90 . If the trainer has switched the spray and vibration selecting key  13  to the third level (designated as in  FIG. 2 ), a spraying operation continues for the period for which the spray function selecting key  11  has been pressed, thereby completely discharging all the spray substance from the reservoir  51  included in the receiver  200 . 
         [0082]    Meanwhile, after the spray substance has been sprayed at each level, the process proceeds to step S 92  where the light emitting diode  93  is operated for a duration of the duration of spraying+100 ms, thereby enabling the trainer to view the emission of the spray substance using the eyes by causing the particles of the spray substance to reflect the light. 
         [0083]    At step S 93 , in the case that the current vibration level is lower than the fourth vibration level, the current vibration level is increased by one level. Thereafter, the process is returned to step S 82  where data is received from the transmitter  100 , and step S 82  and its following steps are repeated. 
         [0084]    Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims.