Abstract:
A connection is provided where a connector can act as a holdown or tension tie and transfer tension, uplift, or lateral load between an anchored member and an anchoring member. The connector is used in combination with separate anchor and fasteners. The anchor may be tied to a concrete foundation, another connector of the same type, a wood framing member, or structural member of a similar type, or other supporting or anchoring members.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    This invention relates to a sheet metal connector for anchoring an anchored structural member to anchoring structural member, and the connection made therewith. The connector works in conjunction with one or more separate anchor members that are received by the anchoring structural member and separate fasteners that attach the connector to the anchored structural member. 
         [0002]    The present invention is particularly useful as a holdown or tension tie. As a tension tie the connector has particular utility for anchoring decks to buildings. Code requirements for anchoring decks to buildings have become more stringent, requiring decks to be anchored to interior structural members of the building. Floor joists are a particularly good anchoring structural member for decks; however, it is not always easy to access them. The present invention provides a connector that can be easily installed to different internal structural members of a building when the designer would rather not anchor the deck to the floor joists of the building. 
         [0003]    Holdowns and tension ties are well known in the art and the subject of a number of patents. U.S. Pat. No. 8,555,580 which issued Oct. 15, 2013 and was invented by Kashane Vilasineekul, one of the inventors of the present invention, teaches a tension tie and holdown that is specifically designed for anchoring deck and deck members. The holdown and tension-tie taught in U.S. Pat. No. 8,555,580 has a split back member that is not joined to the seat member except through the side members connected to the seat. 
         [0004]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,321,776, invented by Arthur Delight and which issued on Mar. 30, 1982, teaches a holdown where the back member is connected to the seat member and side members are connected to both to strengthen the connection. U.S. Pat. No. 4,744,192, invented by Alfred D. Commins and which issued on May 17, 1988, teaches a tension tie where the side members are connected to the seat and bends along the side members create overlapping back members that then are connected to a back member extension strap. U.S. Pat. No. 5,467,570, invented by William F. Leek and which issued Nov. 21, 1995, teaches a tension tie where the back member is connected to the seat, and side members connected to the back member are folded so as to create seat flanges that overlap with the seat member. U.S. Pat. No. 5,979,130, invented by Robert C. Gregg et. al. and which issued Nov. 9, 1999, teaches a holdown where the seat and side members are drawn from the metal of the back member and the seat is curved so as to decrease deflection of the holodown. U.S. Pat. No. 6,250,041, invented by Campbell John Seccombe and which issued Jun. 26, 2001, teaches a holdown which does not have any side members, but the seat has an upstanding flange opposed from the back member. Published US Patent Application 2004/0165942, invented by Ben L. Schmid et al and published on Aug. 26, 2004, teaches a holdown where the seat, the side members and the back member are all connected. 
         [0005]    The connector of the present invention woks in a similar fashion to most of the prior art holdowns and tension ties, such that it amenable to standard installation practices. The connector of the present invention improves on the prior art by incorporating a number of design features that make it lighter and cheaper to produce while withstanding sufficiently high tension loads, as well as allowing for a greater variety of installation options. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0006]    The present invention is a connection made with a connector that can act as a holdown or tension tie and transfer tension, uplift, or lateral load between an anchored member and an anchoring member. The connector is used in combination with separate anchor and fasteners. The anchor may be tied to a concrete foundation, another connector of the same type, a wood framing member, or structural member of a similar type, or other supporting or anchoring members. 
         [0007]    The present invention is a connection that is part of a building structure, between an anchored member and an anchoring member made with a connector, one or more separate anchors and one or more separate fasteners, wherein the anchored member, has an attachment face, the anchoring member is disposed in relatively close association with the anchored member and has an anchoring face, the one or more separate anchors penetrate and are anchored in the anchoring member, the one or more separate fasteners penetrate and are anchored in the anchored member, and the connector has a seat member and a back member disposed at an angle to the seat member with the back member connected to the seat member at a lateral juncture, and the seat member has an end edge opposed from the lateral juncture and the seat member has opposed side edges running between the lateral juncture and the end edge, and the back member has an end edge opposed from the lateral juncture and the back member has opposed side edges running between the lateral juncture and the end edge, and wherein the seat member receives and is connected to the one or more separate anchors and the back member receives and is connected to the one or more separate fasteners. 
         [0008]    The connector of the present invention can be fastened to nominal 2″ wide structural members both with the separate fasteners that go through its back member and with the anchor that goes through its seat member such that it is ideal as a tension tie for a deck built with 2″ wide joists that can be anchored to the structural framing of an interior building wall such as the studs, top plate or header of the wall, which are also typically 2″ wide members. A dried wood member that is nominally 2″ wide can be as narrow as 1.5″ inches. The dimensions of the present connector are optimized so that the back member of the connector can attach to the narrow bottom face of a typical joist that is horizontally disposed with its narrow bottom face oriented downwardly. 
         [0009]    The connector is preferably fastened through its back member to a joist with self-drilling wood screws, and fastened to the interior structural components of the wall of a building with a self-drilling, self-tapping anchor. The preferred anchor for anchoring in wood has a built in washer. When fastened to concrete the anchor can be an anchor suitable for such. By anchoring to the interior structural member of a building the interior structural member is protected from the elements which preserves its integrity as a strengthening member. 
         [0010]    In one embodiment of the present invention, the one or more anchors are self-drilling and self-tapping threaded member that are drilled directly into the anchoring member. 
         [0011]    In one embodiment of the present invention, the building structure has external members that are exposed to the elements and internal members that are protected from the elements by one or more sheathing members, and the anchored member is an external member and the anchoring member is an internal member. 
         [0012]    In one embodiment of the present invention, the anchored member is an elongated member that is elongated along a longest dimension of the anchored member in a direction that is parallel to a portion of the back member that attaches to the anchored member, and the anchoring member is elongated along a longest dimension of the anchoring member that is orthogonally disposed to the longest dimension of the anchored member. 
         [0013]    In one embodiment of the present invention, the back member is formed with a lateral bend such that a portion of the back member distal from the seat member is set at an angle to a portion of the back member proximal to the seat member, and the portion of the back member distal from the seat member interfaces with the anchored member and the portion of the back member proximal to the seat member angles away from the anchored member. 
         [0014]    In one embodiment of the present invention, the opening in the seat member extends through the lateral juncture into the back member, and a bridge is provided that extends form the seat member and is joined to the back member, the bridge is made from the material used to form the opening in the seat that extends through the lateral juncture into the back member, the bridge has an opening for receiving the one or more anchors, and the opening in the bridge is elongated, allowing the one or more anchors to be positioned at different points along the opening. 
         [0015]    In one embodiment of the present invention, portions of the side edges of the seat member are formed with lateral side flanges that strengthen the seat, the lateral side flanges preferably extend through the lateral juncture and along portions of the side edges of the back member. 
         [0016]    In one embodiment of the present invention, the back member has one or more embossments that extend through the lateral juncture and into the seat member. 
         [0017]    In one embodiment of the present invention, two embossments are provided that start in the back member, extend through the lateral juncture and into the seat member where the embossments bracket and encircle the portion of the seat member that receives the one or more anchoring members. 
         [0018]    In one embodiment of the present invention, portions of the side edges of the seat member are formed with lateral side flanges that strengthen the seat, the lateral side flanges preferably extend through the lateral juncture and along portions of the side edges of the back member. 
         [0019]    In one embodiment of the present invention, two embossments are provided that start in the back member, extend through the lateral juncture and extend to the distal edge of the seat member and bracket the portion of the seat member that receives the one or more anchoring members. 
         [0020]    In one embodiment of the present invention, one embossment is provided in the back member that widens as it approaches the lateral juncture and extends into the seat member where it continues to widen and one or more opening are provided in the seat member for receiving the one or more anchors and these one or more openings in the seat member are formed in the embossment. 
         [0021]    In one embodiment of the present invention, the end edge of the seat member is formed with an upturned flange. 
         [0022]    In one embodiment of the present invention, the anchoring face of the anchoring member that receives the one or more anchors has a lateral dimension that is no wider than 1.5 inches, and the one or more anchors that are drilled into into anchoring member penetrate a minimum of 3 inches and are centered in the anchoring face of the anchoring member with respect to the lateral dimension. 
         [0023]    In one embodiment of the present invention, the attachment face of the anchored member that receives the one or more fasteners has a lateral dimension that is no wider than 1.5 inches. 
         [0024]    In one embodiment of the present invention, the attachment face of the anchored member is the bottom face of a horizontally disposed joist in a deck. 
         [0025]    In one embodiment of the present invention, the anchored member is attached to the joist in a deck by means of additional fasteners. 
         [0026]    In one embodiment of the present invention, the anchored member and the anchoring member are wooden members that are either douglas fir or souther pine grades of lumber, the connector is connected to the anchoring member with a single anchor that has diameter of 0.375 inches and is embedded in the anchoring member a minimum of 3 inches, the connector is connected to the anchored member with six threaded fasteners that are 1.5 inches long and are substantially embedded in the anchored member, the connector is made from 14 gauge sheet steel and is 1.5 inches wide, the back member 7.125 inches tall, and the seat member is 1.4375 inches deep, and the connection has an allowable tension load of 840 pounds. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0027]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view of the connection of the present invention, showing one embodiment of the connector making a connection between a stud and a foundation. A self-tapping concrete anchor is shown, anchoring the connector to the foundation. 
           [0028]      FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional side view of the connection of  FIG. 1 . 
           [0029]      FIG. 3  is a side view of a connection of the present invention, showing one embodiment of the connector making a connection between a joist in a deck and the header of a wall. 
           [0030]      FIG. 4  is a side view of a connection of the present invention, showing one embodiment of the connector making a connection between a joist in a deck and the stud of a wall. 
           [0031]      FIG. 5  is a side view of a connection of the present invention, showing one embodiment of the connector making a connection between a joist in a deck and the top plate of a wall. 
           [0032]      FIG. 6  is a side view of a connection of the present invention, showing one embodiment of the connector making a connection between a joist in a deck and the top plate of a wall. Blocking has been added to the joist to position the connector so that the anchor may be installed in the top plate of the wall. The blocking can be connected to the joist with threaded fasteners. A hanger is shown holding the joist to a structural member such as a ledger board. Sheathing is shown separating the joist from the top plate in the interior of the building. 
           [0033]      FIG. 7  is a front view of one embodiment of the connector of the present invention. 
           [0034]      FIG. 8  is a side view of the connector of  FIG. 7 . The opposite side view is similar. 
           [0035]      FIG. 9  is a back view of the connector of  FIG. 7 . 
           [0036]      FIG. 10  is a bottom view of the connector of  FIG. 7 . 
           [0037]      FIG. 11  is a top view of the connector of  FIG. 7 . 
           [0038]      FIG. 12  is a perspective view of an alternate form of the connector. 
           [0039]      FIG. 13  is a perspective view of an alternate form of the connector. 
           [0040]      FIG. 14  is a perspective view of the connection of the present invention, showing one embodiment of the connector making a connection between a stud and a foundation. 
           [0041]      FIG. 15  is a cross-sectional side view of the connection of  FIG. 14 . 
           [0042]      FIG. 16  is a side view of a connection of the present invention, showing one embodiment of the connector making a connection between a joist in a deck and the top plate of a wall. 
           [0043]      FIG. 17  is a front view of the connector of  FIGS. 14 and 16 . 
           [0044]      FIG. 18  is a side view of the connector of  FIG. 14 . The opposite side view is similar. 
           [0045]      FIG. 19  is a back view of the connector of  FIG. 14 . 
           [0046]      FIG. 20  is a top view of the connector of  FIG. 14 . 
           [0047]      FIG. 21  is a bottom view of the connector of  FIG. 14 . 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0048]    The present invention provides a connection in a building structure between an anchoring member  1  and an anchored member  2 . The connection uses a connector  3  in combination with one or more separate anchors  4  and one or more separate fasteners  5 . The anchored member  2  has an attachment face  6 . Generally, the anchored member  2  also has an edge face  7  joined to the attachment face  6  by a side edge  8 . The anchoring member  1  is disposed in relatively close association with the anchored member  2  and has an anchoring face  9  where it receives the one or more anchors  4 . The one or more separate anchors  4  penetrate and are anchored in the anchoring member  1 . The one or more separate fasteners  5  penetrate and are anchored in the anchored member  2 . The connector  3  has a seat member  10  and a back member  11  disposed at an angle to the seat member  10  with the back member  11  connected to the seat member  10  at a lateral juncture  12 . The seat member  10  has an end edge  13  opposed from the lateral juncture  12  and the seat member  10  has opposed side edges  14  running between the lateral juncture  12  and the end edge  13 . The back member  11  has an end edge  15  opposed from the lateral juncture  12  and the back member  11  has opposed side edges  16  running between the lateral juncture  12  and the end edge  15 . The seat member  10  receives and is connected to the one or more separate anchors  4  and the back member  11  receives and is connected to the one or more separate fasteners  5 . 
         [0049]    Openings  17  are preferably provided in the back member  11  for receiving self-drilling and self-tapping threaded fasteners or nails  5  for being driven into the anchored member  2 . Preferably one or more openings  18  are provided in the seat member  10  for receiving the one or more anchors  4 . Preferably, just one anchor  4  is used with the connector  3  and the anchor  4  received by the opening  18  in the seat member  10  is preferably a threaded, self-tapping and self-drilling anchor  4  when the anchor  4  will be received by a wooden or similar type of anchoring member  1 . When the anchor  4  is drilled into a wood anchoring member  1 , it should penetrate a minimum of  3  inches and be centered in the wood anchoring member  1 . The anchor  4  should be used with a washer  19  between the head  20  of the anchor  4  and the seat member  10  of the connector  3 . The washer  19  can be integrally formed with the anchor  4 . The wood anchoring member  1  can have a nominal width that is as little as only 2 inches. Wood members typically shrink and so wood member that are designated as being 2 inches wide are generally narrower, and can be as narrow as 1.5 inches. 
         [0050]    The building structure is preferably a deck member attached to a house or other building, such that the connection has external members that are exposed to the elements and internal members that are protected from the elements by one or more sheathing members  21 , and the anchored member  2  is an external member and the anchoring member  1  is an internal member. 
         [0051]    As shown in  FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6 , the anchored member  2  is an elongated member that is elongated along a longest dimension of the anchored member in a direction that is parallel to a portion of the back member  11  that attaches to the anchored member  2 . In a typical installation the anchored member  2  is a joist in a deck. The anchoring member  1  is elongated along a longest dimension of the anchoring member  1  that is orthogonally disposed to the longest dimension of the anchored member  2 . The anchoring member  1  can be a top plate member in a building or a header or a stud or blocking disposed between two studs. As shown in  FIG. 6 , the anchored member  2  can be blocking that is attached to the joist in a deck by means of additional fasteners  22 . 
         [0052]    The opening  18  in the seat member  10  may extend from the seat member  10  through the lateral juncture  12  and into the back member  11 . The seat member  10  is preferably formed with lateral side flanges  23  that strengthen the seat member  10 . The lateral side flanges  23  preferably extend through the lateral juncture  12  and along the side edges  16  of the back member  11  for at least a selected distance. 
         [0053]    One or more embossments  24  are preferably formed in the back member  11 . The embossments  24  preferably extend through the lateral juncture  12  and into the seat member  10  and surround or bracket the one or more openings  18  in the seat member  10 . As shown in  FIG. 12 , two parallel embossments  24  are provide that start in the back member  11 , extend through the lateral juncture  12  and extend to the end edge  13  of the seat member  10  and bracket the one or more openings  18  in the seat member  10 . As shown in  FIG. 13 , one embossment  24  is provided in the back member  11  that widens as it approaches the lateral juncture  12  and extends into the seat member  10  where it continues to widen and the opening  18  in the seat member  10  is formed in the embossment  24 . As shown in  FIG. 11 , a pair of embossments  24  may be provided in the back member  11  that extend through the lateral juncture  12  and circle the opening  18  in the seat member  10  and then meet. 
         [0054]    As shown in  FIG. 8 , the end edge  13  of the seat member  10  that is opposed from the lateral juncture  12  with the back member  11  may be provided with an upturned end or flange  25  to strengthen the seat member  10 . 
         [0055]    In certain embodiments as shown in  FIG. 17 , a bridge  26  may be provided that extends form the seat member  10  and is joined to the back member  11 . Preferably, the bridge  26  is made from the material used to form the opening  18  in the seat that extends through the lateral juncture  12  into the back member  11 . The bridge  26  has an opening  27  for receiving the anchor  4  that is elongated allowing the anchor  4  to be positioned at different points along the opening  27 . The bridge  26  assists with allowing the seat member  10  of the connector  3  shown in  FIG. 17  to be set at different angles with respect to the anchoring member  1 . 
         [0056]    The back member  11  of the connector  3  shown in  FIG. 17  is designed so that a bend can be formed in the back member  11  so that the seat member  10  can be positioned at different lengths from where the back member  11  connects to the anchored member  2 . The bend is typically formed where the lateral side flanges end in the connector  3 . Openings  28  may be provided in the back member  11  to assist with the bending of the connector  3  in the field. These openings  28  are preferably obround.  FIGS. 15 and 16  show the connector  3  being bent to position the anchor  4  farther from the attachment face  6  of the anchored member  2 . The back member  11  is formed with a lateral bend such that a portion of the back member  11  distal from the seat member  10  is set at an angle to a portion of the back member  11  proximal to the seat member  10 , and the portion of the back member  11  distal from the seat member  10  interfaces with the anchored member  2  and the portion of the back member  11  proximal to the seat member  10  angles away from the anchored member  2 . 
         [0057]    The connector  3  is preferably made from sheet steel by punching and bending the sheet steel material. The steel can be stainless steel or coated with zinc or some other anti-corrosive material. 
         [0058]    As shown in  FIG. 12 , when the connector  3  is made from 14 gauge sheet steel and is 1.5 inches wide, 7.125 inches tall, and the seat member  10  is 1.4375 inches deep, and the center line for the opening  18  in the seat member  10  is located 0.75 inches from the back member  11 , and is used with an anchor  4  that has diameter of 0.375 inches, 6 threaded #9 fasteners  5  that connect the back member  11  to the anchored member  2  that are 1.5 inches long, the connection achieves a allowable tension load of 840 pounds with douglas fir or southern pine wood members.