Abstract:
A toilet system having a toilet bowl including at a bottom thereof a discharge opening. The discharge opening of the bowl is connected to the intake opening of a treating chamber. A discharge pump in the treating chamber discharges treated effluent therefrom to a waste pipe. A conduit free of bends along its length connects the discharge pump to the waste pipe.

Description:
INTRODUCTION 
     The present invention is directed to a water saving toilet system, and, more particularly, to a water saving toilet system having an improved discharge piping construction. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In U.S. Pat. No. 4,516,280, dated May 14, 1985, there is shown and described a water saving toilet system. The system herein illustrated is similar in many respects to that shown in the aforesaid patent, but improved in certain aspects, particularly in that it is provided with improved construction to reduce the chance of clogging at the discharge of the pump, and an improved controller to better optimize the timing of various functions of the toilet system. 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a water saving toilet system which reduces or wholly overcomes some or all of the difficulties inherent in prior known devices. Particular objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, that is, those who are knowledgeable or experienced in this field of technology, in view of the following disclosure of the invention and detailed description of preferred embodiments. 
     SUMMARY 
     The principles of the invention may be used to advantage to provide a toilet system having improved flow of effluent from a discharge pump to a waste pipe, reducing the possibility of clogging within the toilet system. 
     In accordance with a first aspect, a toilet system comprises a toilet bowl having at a bottom thereof a discharge opening. The discharge opening of the bowl is connected to an intake opening of a treating chamber. A discharge pump in the treating chamber discharges treated effluent therefrom to a waste pipe. A conduit free of bends along its length connects the discharge pump to the waste pipe. 
     From the foregoing disclosure, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, that is, those who are knowledgeable or experienced in this area of technology, that the present invention provides a significant advance. Preferred embodiments of the toilet system of the present invention can provide improved flow characteristics of treated effluent. These and additional features and advantages of the invention disclosed here will be further understood from the following detailed disclosure of preferred embodiments. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     Preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the appended drawings. 
     FIG. 1 is a side elevation partly in section of the toilet system of the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the toilet system of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 2A is a fragmentary section of a spray head nozzle of the toilet system of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 3 is a plan view, of the treating chamber of the toilet system of FIG. 1, showing a bypass conductor and a conduit connecting the pump to the bypass conductor. 
     FIG. 4 is an elevation view of the conduit of FIG.  3 . 
     FIG. 5 is an elevation of the treating chamber of FIG. 1, showing the bypass conductor partly in section. 
     FIG. 6 is a fragmentary elevation, with a portion in section, of a trap pipe of the toilet system of FIG. 1 connecting the bowl to the treating chamber. 
     FIG. 7 is a top view of the trap pipe of FIG.  6 . 
     FIG. 8 is a plan view in section of the pump rotor of the pump of the toilet system of FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 9 is a control circuit diagram for controlling the sequence of operation of components of the toilet system of FIG.  1 . 
    
    
     The figures referred to above are not drawn necessarily to scale and should be understood to present a representation of the invention, illustrative of the principles involved. Some features of the water saving toilet system depicted in the drawings have been enlarged or distorted relative to others to facilitate explanation and understanding. The same reference numbers are used in the drawings for similar or identical components and features shown in various alternative embodiments. Water saving toilet systems as disclosed herein, will have configurations and components determined, in part, by the intended application and environment in which they are used. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Referring to the drawings, in FIG. 1 there is shown a toilet bowl  10  supported on a suitable base  12 , to which flush water is supplied by a solenoid-operated valve V and from which effluent is discharged through a trap  14  into a treating chamber  16  where it is macerated by a macerator  16 A and then pumped by means of a pump  18  through a waste pipe  20  to a soil pipe. 
     The toilet bowl  10  is of generally conventional configuration, has at the top a cored passage  22  which, as shown in FIG. 2, extends peripherally around the rear half of the bowl, through which flush water is delivered to the bowl for flushing, and a discharge opening  24  at the bottom through which effluent is discharged. The rear end of the cored passage is connected by a feeder tube  26  and suitable plumbing  28  to the valve V which, in turn, is connected to a water supply, not shown, so that operation of the valve will supply flush water to the cored passage. The forward ends of the cored passage terminate diametrically opposite each other approximately halfway between the front and rear ends of the bowl in openings  30  within which there are fixed spray nozzles  32  through which water delivered into the cored passage is ejected downwardly on the surface of the bowl. The nozzles  32  comprise, FIG. 2A, cylindrical plugs  34  containing ports  36  which are in communication with the cored passage  22  and downwardly-open slots  38  designed to eject the flush water downwardly in fan shape against the surface of the bowl so as to wash the surface down. 
     The trap  14  for conducting the effluent from the bowl to the treating chamber, as shown in FIG. 5, has an upwardly-inclined leg  40 , the lower end of which is flanged at  42  to fit over an extension  44  defining the opening  24 , and a vertical leg  46  connected at its upper end to the inclined leg  40  and at its lower end to the treating tank  16 . 
     As seen in FIG. 1, the treating chamber  16  is mounted on the supporting structure for the bowl behind the bowl, is of generally circular cross section, is closed at the bottom, and has an open top, peripherally of which there is a beveled rim  48 . A cover plate  50  having a beveled edge  52  is mounted on the rim  48  and detachably secured thereto by a locking band  54 , the upper and lower edges  56  and  58  of which overlap the beveled portions of the rim and edge. The locking band  54  provides for easy removal of the cover plate from the treating chamber. The cover plate supports the macerator  16 A, the pump  18  and the drive means therefore. To this end, the cover plate  50  is provided with a top opening  60  in which there is mounted a vertical bearing assembly  62  which supports a shaft  64  in a vertical position with a portion extending above the treating chamber and a portion extending into the treating chamber. The portion of the shaft  64  extending above the treating chamber is fixed by a coupling  66  to the drive shaft  68  of a motor M. The portion of the shaft  64  extending into the treating chamber has fixed to it a macerator blade  70  disposed in a horizontal position at right angles to the axis of the shaft. Below the macerator blade, the bottom of the treating chamber is structured to provide an annular toroidal surface  72 . The blade  70  and the subjacent toroidal surface  72  provide for hydraulic attrition of effluent delivered into the treating chamber. The macerator operates by hydraulic attrition rather than cutting to disperse and particulate the solids in the effluent. 
     The cover plate  50  is also provided with an opening  74  for receiving the pump assembly  18  and the latter is mounted in the opening by means of a ring  76  fastened by bolts  78  to the top plate and comprises a sealed housing  80  within which there is a stator  82  and a rotor  84 . The upper end of the rotor is fixed to a shaft  86  journaled in a bearing  88  mounted on the ring  76 . The stator  82  and rotor  84  constitute, in conjunction, a worm pump. 
     A pulley  90  is fixed to the upper end of the shaft  64 , a pulley  92  is fixed to the upper end of the shaft  86 , and a belt  94  is trained about pulleys  90 ,  92  so that the motor M drives the macerator and the pump simultaneously. A control module  95  is mounted at the back of a housing  97  of the toilet system. 
     The pump  18  has an intake port  96  within treating chamber  16  and a discharge port  98  externally of the treating chamber. Discharge port  98  is connected by a coupling  100  to a length of pipe  101 , as seen in FIGS. 3 and 4, which is in turn connected by a coupling  103  to an inlet port  105  on waste pipe  20  which, as previously mentioned, is connected to a soil pipe. The combination of discharge port  98 , pipe  101 , and inlet port  105  are coaxial such that discharge from pump  18  flows in a straight line to waste pipe  20 , reducing the chance of blockage as effluent is discharged from pump  18 . Thus, effluent flows from pump  18  in an improved manner through a conduit, free of bends along its length, to waste pipe  20 , the conduit being formed, in a preferred embodiment, of discharge port  98 , pipe  101 , and inlet port  105 , connected to one another by couplings. This alleviates a problem encountered in prior art systems wherein effluent exiting the discharge port encountered a first 90° elbow, flowed downwardly, and then encountered a second 90° elbow before entering the waste pipe in horizontal fashion. When large amounts of waste and paper were flushed through such a configuration, the discharge force of the pump caused the waste and paper to impact the 90° elbows and lead to plugging of the system. To clear such clogs is a difficult and time consuming process, and includes dismantling a major portion of the system. Consequently, the improved flow of effluent from the pump to waste pipe  20  of the present invention realizes a significant improvement in the operation and efficiency of the toilet system. 
     As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the waste pipe  20  is connected at one end directly to the vertical leg of the trap by means of a valve assembly  106  comprising a beveled plate  108  which defines an opening  110 , a plate  112  which defines an opening  114  and a flexible valve member  116  positioned therebetween and clamped in place by a circumferential clamping ring  118 . The plate  108  is fixed to a branch pipe  119  stemming from the leg  46 , the axis of which is inclined upwardly with respect to the vertical axis of the leg  46  so that the plate  108  slopes downwardly at a diverging angle with respect to the axis of the vertical leg. The plate  112  is fixed to the waste pipe  20  at an angle such as to be parallel to the plate  108 . As thus constructed, the valve assembly slopes downwardly and divergently with respect to the axis of the vertical leg of the trap. The flexible valve member  116  is arranged to open inwardly with respect to the waste pipe  20  by a pressure head within the vertical leg of the trap and to close by gravity in the absence of a head in the vertical portion of the trap. Normally, when the pump is in operation, it produces a low pressure in the vertical leg of the trap so that the low pressure, in conjunction with the gravitational disposition of the valve member  116 , ensures that the valve will be held closed under normal conditions. An angular disposition of the valve is of importance to prevent siphoning of the effluent from the vertical leg of the trap when the system is at rest. When the system is in use and, for some reason, the pump becomes disabled, a pressure head developed in the vertical leg of the trap will open the valve  116  and allow the effluent to flow directly through the waste pipe  20  to the soil pipe. The pressure head can be provided by dumping water into the bowl or, if the valve V is operative, supplying water to the bowl through the valve. 
     In prior toilet systems of this kind, diaphragm and gear pumps have been used for effecting discharge of effluent. However, in accordance with this invention, it has been found that a screw pump is considerably more satisfactory and effective insofar as the flush cycle is concerned. The stator  82  is comprised of flexible rubber and the rotor is plastic. In order to reduce the friction load of the plastic rotor in the flexible rubber stator, a portion of the worm at one end has been reduced to the root diameter of the worm. As herein illustrated, FIG. 8, the rotor  84 , which is comprised of Bakelite, is 4.28 inches axial length. The diameter of the worm is 1.12 inches and has a helix angle of 25 degrees with a lead of 1.648 and at one end a portion a 1.12 inches in length reduced to a uniform diameter of 0.0875 inches. By reducing the portion a at the one end to the root diameter of the worm, the friction between the rotor and stator can be materially reduced, thus reducing the power input necessary to drive the pump. 
     A flushing cycle of the toilet system in normal operation is sequenced by the control circuitry of control module  95  so that motor M is started first, simultaneously driving macerator  16 A and discharge pump  18 , followed by energization of a solenoid to open the valve V for supplying flush water to the bowl. In a preferred embodiment, the bowl is flushed with 2 and ½ quarts of water during the flushing cycle. While the valve is still open and flushing is still occurring, the discharge pump  18  stops. The flushing operation is subsequently stopped by closing of the valve V. Macerator  16 A is in operation during the entire time that discharge pump  18  is in operation. 
     FIG. 9 is a wiring diagram showing a timer T which provides for sequencing the operation of the valve V and motor M during the flushing cycle, so as to start the motor before opening the valve and to stop the motor before closing the valve. In the circuit, there is shown a normally open switch SW for energizing the circuit, the motor M for driving the macerator and pump, a solenoid S for activating the valve V, and a timer T powered by a power source P and controlling the sequenced operation of motor M and solenoid actuated valve V. Timer T is preferably sealed in epoxy in module  95  to protect it from moisture, heat, and other environmental conditions. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the timing of the sequence of the steps during the flushing cycle of the system is as follows. The total operation run time of the flushing cycle is eight seconds, and during that time, timer T of the control circuit performs three separate functions. At the start of the sequence, that is, time zero, the timer first energizes motor M, which then runs for the first five seconds of the cycle and is then deenergized. The timer also provides a delay of one and a half seconds from time zero, at which time the solenoid is opened, opening valve V to provide rinsing of toilet bowl  10 . The timer then provides for the solenoid and valve V to remain open until the end of the eight second run cycle. Such a combination of timing sequences has been found to be particularly advantageous. The particular timing of the components of the toilet system described herein utilizes a minimum of water to efficiently evacuate and rinse the bowl, as well as efficiently treat and discharge the waste from the toilet system. Closing the normally open switch SW during the flushing cycle preferably does not affect operation of the either of the delay cycles, that is, the first delay of 1½ seconds before the solenoid and valve open, or the second delay of 6½ seconds during which the valve remains open and the bowl is flushed. 
     In a preferred embodiment, timer T is calibrated to an accuracy of ±2%. Motor M preferably is a ¼ HP motor with a 20 amp in-rush, 10 amp run capacity, and in-rush time of approximately 1 second. Solenoid S preferably has a 2 amp in-rush, a 0.45 amp run capacity, and an in-rush time of approximately 0.2 seconds. The supply voltage from power source P to timer T is preferably unfiltered 115 V.A.C. at 60 Hz, with a voltage variation of ±10%, with transients not to exceed 400 volts for 1 milli-second. 
     It is to be appreciated that although timer T is shown here in conjunction with a specific configuration of a water saving toilet, other constructions of toilets appropriate for the use of such a timer having the performance characteristics described herein are considered within the scope of the invention. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the power to motor M is supplied initially to the starting circuit of the motor, preferably for approximately 400-600 milliseconds, more preferably approximately 500 milliseconds, and then the power is switched to the running circuit of motor M for the remainder of the five second period during which motor M runs. By switching power from the starting circuit to the running circuit in this manner, the expense of a separate starting switch in the motor is eliminated. 
     In light of the foregoing disclosure of the invention and description of the preferred embodiments, those skilled in this area of technology will readily understand that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. All such modifications and adaptations are intended to be covered by the following claims.