Abstract:
An adjustable foot brace and optional shock absorbing system for decked kayaks that employs a heel and arch of the foot contact, and in which the adjustment arms are selectively securely affixed to a base plate located in the center of the kayak from the forward most portion of the seat or central structural support member forward. This base plate is then securely affixed to the forward most portion of the seat of the kayak, or to the forward most portion of a central structural support member in boats utilizing this device. The bulkhead configuration for this foot brace system employs a full or near full foot contact and the adjustment arm is attached directly to a guide located in the forward most portion of the seat or central structural support member for boats using this device. Either of these foot brace systems may also be attached in a “floating” configuration to an optional shock absorbing mechanism. The excess or unused portion of the adjustment arms or arm is guided inside the forward most portion of the seat, or central structural support member.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCES 
     Provisional Patent Application No. 60/218,292 filed on Jul. 12, 2000 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     In the sport of kayaking, and especially in the subcategory of that sport practiced in rivers and commonly referred to as “whitewater” kayaking, it is important that the user of the kayak have a snug, comfortable fit, within the boat. A foot brace system is one of the bracing systems commonly used by most paddlers for that purpose. The foot brace systems currently employed in most kayaks could be arranged into  3  categories: 
     1. Track. The first iteration of this system was invented by Otto Lagervall in 1976, (U.S. Pat. No. 3,982,293) and is comprised of 2 foot braces, each consisting of a track, and a pedal, which can be adjusted incrementally, forwardly and rearwardly along the length of these tracks. These braces are bolted to the sides of the kayak and the balls of the boater&#39;s feet rest against these pedals. This type of bracing system occupies a minimum of 1½ to 2 inches of space (laterally) when installed in the boat. 
     2. Bulkhead. This system employs a single foot brace (pedal portion) that spans the width of the hull. Adjustment arms or straps are attached to the outer side portions of this bulkhead and run back along the inside of the boat to a point where they are bolted to the sides of the boat. The balls of the feet, or in the case of smaller users, the whole of each foot rests against this bulkhead. Almost every kayak manufacturer fabricate their own bulkhead style foot brace, and because of the location of the adjusting arms and the shape of a kayak, they can also occupy up to 2 or more inches of space that could otherwise be used for foot room. 
     3. Stationary. This system can be found to use either a bulkhead or a pedal design that is manufactured in a variety of materials from foam to metal, and the brace(s) is/are positioned in a location that allows a users feet to rest against it/them This type of foot bracing system is permanently fixed by various methods in a location specific to a single user. Once again, the balls of the feet, or perhaps the whole of each foot is resting against it/them. 
     The first 2 of these systems have been the primary methods kayak manufacturers have employed for the last 25 years. The evolution of the sport of kayaking, however, has taken the 13′ 2″ boat of the past and whittled it down to 8′ and less. These modem “play” or “Rodeo-type” boats are being designed to employ cartwheel type maneuvers that involve sequentially burying the ends of the boat into the water. Kayak manufacturers have further paired foot room from the ends of the boat in order to facilitate that maneuver, and the result is a boat that has seriously reduced room for feet much less adjustable foot brace mechanisms. For that reason, stationary style foot brace systems are currently being employed by most manufacturers, the most common of which uses foam to fill in the gap from the forward most portion of the inside of the kayak back to where the users feet are located. This system has serious limitations. It is not adjustable, allowing a user to modify the position of their feet within the kayak at will. It does not provide a method for users having different foot size or leg length to trade or try out different kayaks without extensive modification of the foot brace system. Foam compresses with use, and thereby renders the foot brace inadequate for applying necessary force against it. Foam braces can also deform the bow end of plastic boats in the process of being repeatedly compressed within that space. 
     There are other negative properties associated with current designs of track and bulkhead style foot braces. A person in a normal sitting position within a decked kayak will have their legs extended in front of them, knees up and bent and the heels of the feet resting against the hull of the boat. The heels are usually close together in the center of the boat with the feet pointed outwardly and forwardly. Track style foot braces are designed for a ball of the foot contact, and are located on opposing sides of the kayak and far enough forward to be useful in bracing the feet of the user. This position directs the feet of the user outwardly toward the smaller portions of the boat. Bulkhead style foot braces are also designed for a ball of the foot, or full foot contact, and although there is greater freedom to move the feet in a plurality of positions, the feet are still generally directed outwardly toward the smaller portions of the hull. 
     There is a clear and present need for a foot brace system for decked kayaks which is secure, comfortable, and adjustable, and which maximizes the available foot room within the boat. A simple, lightweight, and cost effective shock absorbing system would also greatly benefit the paddler. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The Adjustable Centerline Foot Brace System of the present invention is designed to overcome the above-noted shortcomings and to fulfill the stated needs. It is comprised of foot brace and optional shock absorber systems that can be used in kayaks of all types, and would be most beneficial in the small “rodeo-style” kayaks, and in the larger “steep-creek” kayaks that are commonly used for running difficult whitewater. 
     A completely new concept of how to brace the foot within a kayak is necessary to address these problems. A foot brace that utilizes the heel and arch of the foot as the primary contact point takes advantage of the anatomy of the leg and foot to solve many of these issues: 
     1. Less lateral room is required within the “rodeo-style” kayaks because the heel and arch of the foot is the contact point and the rest of the foot can be directed more forwardly around the end of the brace. 
     2. This position is comfortable for the foot, and orients the feet of the user in a direction that more fully optimizes the available space. 
     3. A heel/arch contact point reduces the hinge effect created by the ankle and creates a better bracing position by eliminating the possibility of forward travel of the heel. This ensures that the knee will remain firmly engaged within the knee brace structure. 
     4. The shock absorbing mechanism described herein may be used in conjunction with this pedal-style bracing system, or with the bulkhead iteration of this system to reduce the possibility of injury do to severe impacts against the bow of the boat. 
     The inventive assembly described herein includes means for foot-receiving pedal style members designed to contact the heel and arch of each foot. Means are provided for securely affixing said foot-receiving members to adjustments arms. Further means are provided to do so in such a way as to utilize all but ¾&#39;s of an inch of available lateral space for foot room. Also included are means for selectively securing these adjustment arms in a plurality of incrementally different positions forwardly or rearwardly through pivoting brackets which are attached to a base plate located along the centerline of the hull. Means are also provided for slidingly moving the adjustment arm/s of the bracing system through said pivoting brackets that will then allow the adjustment arms to assume different angles along the changing contour of the hull. Further means are provided for guiding the adjustment arms to and, when necessary, within the forward most portion of the seat or central structural support member in boats utilizing that kind of device. Means are then provided for securely affixing the base plate to the forward most portion of the seat or central structural support member for use without a shock absorbing mechanism. Yet other means are provided for securely affixing the base plate in a “floating” configuration to a shock absorbing mechanism located in the forward most portion of the seat or central structural support member. Means are also provided for selectively deactivating said shock absorbing mechanism. 
     In the bulkhead iteration of this system means are provided for a single bulkhead-style pedal assembly, ergonomically designed to provide a primary contact point at the heel and arch of the foot, and to utilize all but ¼ inch of available lateral space for foot room. Means are provided for securely affixing said bulkhead to an adjustment arm located in the center of the bulkhead. Means are provided for said adjustment arm to depend rearwardly from this bulkhead along the longitudinal axis in the center of the boat. Further means are provided to direct this adjustment arm into and thru a guide that is located and securely affixed to the forward most portion of the seat or central structural support member. Means are then provided to selectively securely affix said adjustment arm to said guide in a plurality of incrementally different positions forwardly or rearwardly. Means are also provided to affix said guide in a “floating” configuration for use with a shock absorbing mechanism. Yet other means are provided for selectively disengaging said shock absorbing mechanism. 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a foot brace system for a kayak in which the heel and arch of the foot is the contact point. 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a foot brace system for kayaks in which pedal-style or bulkhead-style foot receiving members can be utilized. 
     It is also an object of the present invention to provide a kayak foot brace system that is easily adjustable in a plurality of incrementally different positions. 
     Another object of this invention is to provide a foot brace system that can be adjusted by the user without the necessity of exiting the cockpit to do so. (Cockpit adjustable.) 
     It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a foot brace system that, in the pedal-style configuration, may be adjusted asymmetrically for users who may proffer that. 
     It is also an object of the present invention to provide a kayak foot brace that occupies a minimal amount of space within the hull of the boat. 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a kayak foot brace system that attaches to the seat, or central structural support member, thereby eliminating unnecessary holes in the hull of the boat. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide a foot brace system that can easily be moved from boat to boat. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide a kayak foot brace that can easily incorporate a system for the absorption of energy from impact to the feet of the user. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide such energy absorbing capabilities by means of a single central energy, or shock absorbing mechanism. 
     Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a simple, lightweight, and cost effective system for the absorption of energy to the foot of the user. 
     A further object of the present invention is to provide a method for inserting a blocking mechanism into the system that will allow the user to selectively deactivate the shock absorber. 
     Still further objects of the inventive Adjustable Centerline Foot Brace System disclosed herein will be apparent from the drawings and following detailed description thereof. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     It should be noted that some manufacturers are installing a two-part seat assembly consisting of a seat and a central structural support member. The central structural support member allows the seat to be adjusted forward or backward more easily and provides additional buttressing of the cockpit area of the hull. Since it is the forward portion of the seat, or central structural support member that is involved in this invention, and both would be very similar in design in that portion, they will be treated as the same for the purposes of this patent application. 
     These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with regard to the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings where: 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective cut-away view of a decked kayak  1  that illustrates rear and front structural support walls  3  and  6 , seat  4  or seat and central structural support member  4 , location of optional shock absorbing mechanism  10 , base plate  5 , adjustment arm guide  9 , adjustment arm  8 , pedal style heel/arch-receiving member  7 , and a paddler  2  seated in normal paddling position. 
     FIG. 2 is a right side view of that portion of the seat or central structural support member  4  that is directly in front of the paddler, and those portions of the foot brace system that are integrated into the seat area or are immediately adjacent to it. Elements of the shock absorbing system are shown in detail  10 ,  11 ,  12 ,  13 ,  14 ,  21 , and  22  as well as many of the components of the Adjustable Centerline Foot Brace System.  5 ,  6 ,  8 ,  9 ,  14 ,  17 ,  20 , and  25 . Note that fastener  14  is an element of both systems. 
     FIG. 3 is a top view of that portion of the seat or central structural support member  4  that is in front of the paddler and includes the shock absorbing system as well as the pedal style foot receiving members  7 . 
     FIG. 4 is a right side view of the entire Adjustable Centerline Foot Brace System. It includes the heel cut out area  18  in the front structural support wall  6  and the extended slot  19  in the center of the structural wall along the longitudinal axis. This slot  19  is necessary for forward travel of the base plate  5  for boats utilizing a shock absorbing system. 
     FIG. 5 is an extended top view of the entire Adjustable Centerline Foot Brace System. 
     FIG. 6 is a front view of the pedal style foot-receiving member assembly that shows the location of one of the slots  24  through which the adjustment arm  8  is positioned and the position of the fastener  16  that securely affixes said adjustment arm  8  to the heel/arch-receiving member  7 . 
     FIG. 7 is a right side view of the pedal style foot-receiving member  7  assembly and illustrates the forward angle of the foot-receiving member  7  relative to the vertical plane. The mounting insert  30 , fastener  16 , and aperture  32  in the adjustment arm through which the fastener  16  is positioned to securely affix the adjustment arm  8  to the foot receiving member  7  is also detailed. 
     FIG. 8 is a top view of the pedal style foot-receiving member assembly that illustrates the forwardly depending angle of the foot-receiving member  7  relative to the longitudinal axis of the adjustment arm  8 . In this view both slots  24  through which the adjustment arm  8  is positioned can be seen. 
     FIG. 9 is a top view of the bolt/bracket central receiving member  11  and  12  of the shock absorbing system showing the configuration of the bracket assembly  12 , and apertures  31  and  33  through which the base plate  5  is securely affixed to the bolt/bracket central receiving member  12 . 
     FIG. 10 is a right side view of the bolt/bracket central receiving member  11  and  12  of the shock absorbing mechanism and further illustrates the position of the bolt/bracket assembly  11  and  12  relative to the base plate  5 . 
     FIG. 11 is a top view of the adjustment arm guides  9  and base plate  5 . Apertures  35  in the guides  9  through which the adjustment arms are securely affixed to the base plate  5  and slots  34  through which they are sliding moved, are illustrated. 
     FIG. 12 is a front view of the base plate  5  with guides  9  on each side, again detailing the apertures  35  and  26  through which the adjustment arms are securely afflxed to the base plate  5 , and slots  34  through which they are slidingly moved. Apertures  36  and  37  through which the guides  9  are securely affixed to the base plate  5  are also shown. 
     FIG. 13 is a right side view of the base plate  5  and guide  9  with aperture  36  for securely affixing the guide  9  to the base plate  5 , aperture  35  for selectively securely affixing the adjustment arms  8  to the base plate  5 , and the slots  34  through which the adjustment arms  8  are slidingly moved. 
     FIG. 14 is an overhead view of the bulkhead.  38  iteration of the present invention detailing all aspects the assembly including the optional shock absorbing mechanism  10 . 
     FIG. 15 is a right side view of the bulkhead  38  style foot-receiving assembly including the optional shock absorbing mechanism  10 . 
     FIG. 16 is an overhead view of the bulkhead foot-receiving member  38  detailing the attachment points of the adjustment arm  48 , mounting inserts  39 , and the forwardly depending angle of the bulkhead foot receiving member  38  relative to the adjustment arm  48 . 
     FIG. 17 is a right side view of the bulkhead foot receiving member  38  and adjustment arm  48  showing the relationship of the adjustment arm  48  to the bulkhead foot receiving member  38 , the slot  42  through which the adjustment arm  48  is positioned, and the forwardly depending angle of the bulkhead foot receiving member  38  relative to the vertical plane. 
     FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional end view of the bulkhead style iteration of the present invention illustrating the relationship of the guide  47  within the seat or central structural support member  4 , the fastener  14  used to secure the guide  47  from movement and disengage the shock absorbing mechanism, and the aperture  45  through which a fastener is positioned to selectively secure the adjustment arm in a specific position. The slot  46  through which the adjustment arm slidingly moves is also depicted. 
     FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the bulkhead style foot-receiving member  38  illustrating the slot  41  for the front structural wall to ride in, and the slot  42  for the adjustment arm. 
     FIG. 20 is an overhead view of the relationship of the paddler&#39;s foot  49 , to the pedal style foot receiving member  7 . 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     It should be noted that the shape, size and angles used in the fabrication of pedal-style foot receiving members in the preferred embodiment are specific to one make and model of a small “rodeo-type” kayak, and a men&#39;s size 9 foot of average width. It has been found that for an optimal configuration, even minor changes in the design of these “rodeo-type” kayaks, and/or changes in the size of the foot and length of the leg may alter the requirements of the shape and contact angles of the pedal style foot receiving members. Several different models of pedal style foot receiving members may be necessary to provide a large number of users with an optimal “fit”. The bulkhead iteration of this Adjustable Centerline Foot Brace System is intended primarily for larger boats and these parameters are less critical. 
     Pedal-style Foot Receiving Member 
     Referring now to FIG. 1 of the drawings, generally depicted therein is a kayak  1  to which is mounted an Adjustable Centerline Foot Brace System with shock absorbing mechanism  10  and pedal-style foot receiving members, constructed in accordance with, and embodying the principles of the present invention. A paddler  2  sits within the kayak  1  in normal paddling position and the heel of the paddler&#39;s foot is resting against the pedal style foot-receiving member  7 . The adjustment arm  8  to which the foot-receiving member  7  is securely affixed (See FIGS. 6,  7 , and  8 ) depends in a rearward direction from the foot-receiving member  7 . The adjustment arms  8  are slidingly moved forwardly or rearwardly through guides  9  (See FIG. 3) as necessary to position the foot-receiving members  7  for use by a specific paddler  2 . A plurality of apertures  20  (See FIG. 2) are evenly spaced along the length of the adjustment arms  8 , and these apertures  20  are aligned with corresponding apertures  35  and  26  (See FIGS. 2,  11 ,  12 , and  13 ) in the guides  9  and base plate  5 . A fastener  15  may then be positioned laterally through adjustment arms  8 , guides  9 , and base plate  5  to selectively securely affix the foot-receiving members  7  in a specific position. The guides  9  are securely affixed to the base plate  5  by means of a fastener  17  (See FIGS. 2,  11 ,  12 , and  13 ) that is positioned laterally through apertures  36  and  37 . The base plate is inserted into a ¼ inch slot  19  (See FIGS. 4 &amp; 5) in the lateral center of the front structural wall  6  along the longitudinal axis of the kayak  1 . The base plate  5  and structural wall  6  are then inserted into and securely affixed to the forward portion of the seat or central structural support member  4  by a fastener  14  (See FIGS. 2 &amp; 3) which is positioned laterally through corresponding apertures  27 ,  28 , and  29  (See FIG. 3) in the seat or central structural support member  4 , structural wall  6 , and base plate  5 . This fastener  14  may be selectively removed to engage the shock absorbing mechanism or installed to disengage the shock absorbing mechanism. 
     In FIGS. 2 and 3 the shock absorbing system and its attachment point to the base plate  5  can be seen in greater detail. The shock absorbing mechanism depicted for illustrative purposes is a simple spring, but many types of shock absorbers are available (gas filled, liquid filled, elastomers, etc.) and could be easily substituted. The mechanism  10  is held in place by the tension created between the spring retaining clip  22 , and the seat or central structural support member  4  when the tensioning nut  21  is tightened against the spring retaining clip  22  or other such similar device. This action compresses the spring  10  between the seat or central structural support member  4  and the spring retaining clip  22 . Shock absorbing mechanisms of differing compression factors will be necessary for paddlers of different weights and a dampening mechanism (not shown) for the decompression portion of the shock absorption process may also be desirable depending on the type of shock absorber used. The shock absorbing assembly is also held in place by means of an aperture  23  (See FIG. 3) in the lateral center of the forward portion of the seat or central structural support member  4  through which a portion of the bolt/bracket central receiving member of the shock absorbing mechanism  11  and  12  slidingly moves. The bolt/bracket central receiving member  11  and  12  is a {fraction (5/16)}ths steel shaft approximately 5 inches long and is threaded on one end to receive the tensioning nut  22 . The opposing end of the bolt/bracket assembly  12  (see FIGS. 9 &amp; 10) is generally rectangular in shape having opposing sides with dimensions of {fraction (1/16)} th  by ½-inch by 1½ inches with corresponding apertures  33  drilled in each of the flattened surfaces. The gap between the flattened surfaces of the bolt/bracket assembly  12  is of sufficient width to accept the base plate  5 . A corresponding hole  31  in the base plate  5  is aligned with apertures  33  in the bracket end  12  of the bolt/bracket assembly and the bolt/bracket central receiving member  11  and  12  is securely affixed to the base plate  5  by means of a fastener  13 . (See FIGS. 2 &amp; 3) When the bow of the kayak  1  is impacted, the force of impact is transferred through the foot-receiving members  7  to the base plate  5  and the bolt/bracket central receiving member  11  and  12 . A portion of the bolt/bracket assembly  11  and  12  will then slide forwardly through an aperture  23  in the seat or central structural support member  4  (FIG. 3) resulting in the compression of the spring  10  or other shock absorbing mechanism, and a corresponding dampening of the impact on the users feet. 
     The base plate  5  of the present invention is made of ¼″ polycarbonate plastic but other products of similar structural properties could also be used. The base plate  5  is shaped to conform to the contours of the hull of the kayak it will be used with, and has a generally planar surface 3 inches in height and approximately 24 inches in length. These dimensions and shape will vary, however, with the make and model of kayak that the device is used with. If the base plate  5  is to be used in conjunction with a shock absorbing system the ¼ inch slot in the front structural wall  19  that the base plate  5  is inserted into must be of sufficient length to allow,for the forward travel of the base plate  5  when the shock absorbing mechanism  10  is engaged. It should also be noted that if a shock absorbing mechanism is not intended for use with the foot brace system, the base plate  5  could be manufactured as an integral part of the front structural wall  6 . Securely affixing the base plate  5  into the front structural wall  6  can be accomplished with contact cement or other types of glue or fastening systems, and would enhance the structural properties of the structural wall  6  as well as provide the base plate for the Adjustable Centerline Foot Brace System. 
     Using FIGS. 2,  3 ,  6 ,  7 , and  8 , it can be seen that the foot-receiving members  7  are securely affixed to the adjustment arms  8 . These adjustment arms  8  are made from ⅛ th  inch by 1-inch aluminum bar stock, having an overall length of approximately 14 inches and depend outwardly from the longitudinal axis of the kayak  1  at a 90 degree angle for the two inches in the forward-most portion of the arms. A series of apertures  20  ⅜ths of an inch in diameter are evenly spaced along the longitudinal axis of the adjustment arms  8  from a point approximately 2 inches rearward from the foot-receiving members  7 , rearwardly to the end of the adjustment arms  8 . The adjustment arms  8  are slidingly moved forwardly or rearwardly through slots  34  in guides  9  (See FIGS. 11,  12 , and  13 ). The guides  9  are made from H.D.P.E. (High Density Poly-Ethylene) but any similar materials such as Nylon or Teflon would work as well. The guides  9  measure approximately ⅜ths of an inch thick by 1¼ by 1¾, and have a slot  34  routed or molded in one side that is 1{fraction (1/16)} th  inch wide by {fraction (3/16)}ths of an inch deep. An aperture  35  ⅜ths of an inch in diameter is drilled laterally through the center of this slot  34 , and another aperture  36  {fraction (7/32)}nds of an inch in diameter is located directly below this slot  34 . A fastener  17  is positioned laterally through apertures  36  and  37  to securely affix the guides  9  to the base plate  5 . Securely affixing the guides  9  to the base plate  5  in this manner will allow guides  9  to pivot slightly as the adjustment arms  8  are slidingly moved along the changing contours of the hull of the kayak  1 . When the adjustment arms  8  are slidingly moved through the guides  9 , any one of the apertures  20  in the adjustment arms  8  may be aligned with a corresponding aperture  26  in the base plate  5 . A pin or other such fastener  15  may then be positioned laterally through apertures  35  and  26  in the guides  9  and base plate  5  to selectively securely affix the foot-receiving members  7  in a specific position. 
     FIGS. 6,  7 , and  8  detail the shape, and methods for securely affixing the foot-receiving members  7  to the adjustment arms  8 . The foot-receiving members  7  depicted would be molded from plastic or other similar products. Nylon, polyethylene, or polycarbonate plastic could be used solely, or in combination with other materials such as aluminum or other metal products for the fabrication of the foot-receiving member  7 . The prototype foot receiving-members were created using aluminum, polycarbonate plastic, and closed cell foam, for example. In the preferred embodiment, however, a molding process such as rotational or injection molding would be the best method for the creation of the foot-receiving member  7 . In FIG. 7 and 8 it can be seen that the foot-receiving member  7  depends outwardly from the longitudinal axis of the adjustment arm  8 , and that portion of the foot-receiving member  7  that contacts the heel and arch of the foot depends outwardly and forwardly at an angle of 110 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the adjustment arm  8  and has a pitch or forward tilt of 15 degrees relative to the vertical plane. That portion of the foot-receiving member  7  that contacts the heel and arch of the foot has a generally planar surface for approximately 2½ inches before beginning a shallow forward curve which approximates a portion of the concave curvature of the arch of the foot. The general outline of the shape of the foot-receiving member  7  is roughly that of the bottom portion of the foot from the heel forward for approximately 4 inches. The bottom portion of the foot-receiving member  7 , (that portion closest to the hull of the boat), curves upwardly away from the hull to minimize contact with the hull&#39;s surface. 
     In FIG. 8 it can be seen that the long portion of the adjustment arm  8  is positioned through a pair of apertures  24  in the foot receiving member  7  and is slidingly moved through those slots  24  until that portion of the adjustment arm  8  which depends outwardly at a 90 degree angle from the longitudinal axis comes in contact with that portion of the foot receiving member  7  containing a brass or aluminum mounting insert  30 . (Mounting inserts  30  are elongated internally threaded brass or aluminum components that have circumferential grooves in their outer surfaces to enhance the engagement of the insert with the plastic it is molded into. The inserts are held in position during the molding process and become an integral part of the final molded product.) A fastener  16  may then be positioned through apertures  32  in the adjustment arm and securely affixed within the mounting insert  30 . This process could also be accomplished by molding the adjustment arm  8  directly into the pedal style foot-receiving members  7 , but that would negate the ability to change the model of the foot receiving-members  7  without switching the adjustment arms  8  as well. 
     Bulkhead-style Foot Receing Member 
     Referring now to FIG. 14 and 15 generally depicted therein is the bulkhead  38  iteration of the present invention. The bulkhead foot-receiving member  38  (see FIG. 16,  17 , &amp;  19 ) would be rotationally molded from polyethylene plastic as a single unit with a slot  42  through which the adjustment arm  48  would depend in a rearward direction. This adjustment arm  48  is made from ¼″×1″ aluminum approximately 16 inches in length and T shaped. The adjustment arm  48  is positioned through a slot  42  molded into the bulkhead foot-receiving member  38  until that portion of the adjustment arm  48  that depends laterally approximately 4″ in each direction from the center comes in contact with that portion of the bulkhead foot receiving member  38  that contains the mounting inserts  39 . Fasteners  40  are then inserted through apertures  43  in the adjustment arm  48  and securely affixed to the bulkhead foot-receiving member  38  using these mounting inserts  39 . A series of apertures  20  ⅜ths of an inch in diameter are evenly spaced along the longitudinal axis of the adjustment arm  48  from a point approximately 2 inches rearward from the bulkhead style foot-receiving member  38  rearwardly to the end of the adjustment arm  48 . The adjustment arm  48  is slidingly moved forwardly or rearwardly through a slot  46  that has been molded into a guide  47  and is selectively securely affixed to this guide  47  in a plurality of incrementally different positions by aligning any one of the apertures  20  in the adjustment arm  48  with aperture  45  in the guide  47  and inserting a fastener  15  or pin. This guide  47  would be molded from polyethylene plastic or any other similar product with a slot  46  dimensioned to receive the adjustment arm  48  and allow it to move freely forwardly or rearwardly within this slot  46 . The guide  47  is approximately 3″ in height and 4″ in length by 2″ wide and is positioned within the forward portion of a seat or central structural support member  4  that has been designed and dimensioned to accept it. When fastener  14  (see FIG. 18) is inserted laterally through apertures  27  in the seat or central structural support member  4  and corresponding aperture  25  in the guide  47 , the shock absorbing mechanism  10  is disengaged and the guide  47  is prevented from moving in a forwardly direction. The shock absorbing mechanism  10  is securely affixed to the guide  47  by the bolt/bracket central receiving member  11  in a similar fashion to that described in the pedal style  7  iteration of the present invention. The mechanism  10  is held in place by the tension created between the spring retaining clip  22 , and the seat or central structural support member  4  when the tensioning nut  21  is tightened against the spring retaining clip  22  or other such similar device. This action compresses the spring  10  between the seat or central structural support member  4  and the spring retaining clip  22 . The shock absorbing assembly is also held in place by means of an aperture  23  (See FIG. 3) in the forward portion of the seat or central structural support member  4  through which a portion of a bolt/bracket central receiving member of the shock absorbing mechanism  11  and  12  slidingly moves. When the bow of the kayak  1  is impacted, the force of impact is transferred through the bulkhead foot receiving member  38  to the guide  47  and the bolt/bracket central receiving member  11  and  12 . A portion of the bolt/bracket assembly  11  and  12  will then slide forwardly through aperture  23  in the seat or central structural support member  4  (FIG. 3) resulting in the compression of the spring  10  or other shock absorbing mechanism, and provide a corresponding dampening of the impact on the users feet. 
     While a preferred embodiment has been shown and described, it is intended that the present descriptions be illustrative of the features encompassed by the appended claims, and that changes and variations may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the following claims.