Abstract:
A topic map is generated and retrieved in response to website searches. Metadata in a webpage is extracted and associated with a topic of the webpage. The topic map reflects different subject topics in one or more webpages.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/627,190 filed Sep. 26, 2012 and now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,799,274, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/557,314 filed Nov. 7, 2006 and now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,301,621, with both applications incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This disclosure relates to a web based topic map. More specifically, this disclosure relates to creating a web based topic map for locating desired information. 
     BACKGROUND 
     As the number of web pages on the Internet increases, and the number of pages on web sites increases, problems with website navigation increase exponentially. More specifically, as the number of web pages increases (either on the Internet as a whole, on an Intranet, and/or on a particular website), users may have difficulty locating a web page that is pertinent to the desired information. To combat this problem, websites have emerged that provide searching capabilities. These “search engines” may be configured to provide search options for locating desired data on the Internet. To provide these search options, search engines often utilize search algorithms for locating desired web pages. 
     Similarly, web pages can be provided with categorical classifications that can be presented in a hierarchical taxonomy to provide a more structured technique for finding a desired web page. A hierarchical taxonomy may include a plurality of predetermined terms from which a user can select. Upon selecting a term, the user may be provided with a plurality of additional second tier terms that relate to the selected term. Selection of a second tier term may reveal a third tier of terms related to the second tier term. This process may continue until the desired information is provided to the user. 
     While these solutions can aid a user in finding a desired web page, these solutions are not without drawbacks. More specifically, with respect to search engines, oftentimes users are presented with a plurality of web pages without indication of their relationship to the search criteria. The user may not have any concept of the relevancy of the search results and thus may have difficulty finding the desired data. Similarly, a hierarchical taxonomy for search criteria may be difficult for a user to utilize in that a user may not understand the organization of the criteria provided. As such, the user may select an incorrect term for the desired information, thus making location of the desired data and the desired web pages difficult (if not impossible) to locate. 
     Thus, a heretofore unaddressed need exists in the industry to address the aforementioned deficiencies and inadequacies. 
     SUMMARY 
     Included are embodiments for providing a topic map. At least one embodiment of a method includes receiving a plurality of web pages, the web pages including metadata, extracting at least a portion of the metadata from the web pages, and creating at least one topic associated with the web pages, the at least one topic corresponding to at least a portion of the metadata. 
     Also included are embodiments of a system for providing a topic map. At least one embodiment of a system includes a receiving component configured to receive a plurality of web pages, the web pages including metadata, an extracting component configured to extract at least a portion of the metadata from the web pages, and a creating component configured to create at least one topic associated with the web pages, the at least one topic corresponding to at least a portion of the metadata. 
     Also included are embodiments of a computer readable medium for providing a topic map. At least one embodiment includes receiving logic configured to receive a plurality of web pages, the web pages including metadata, extracting logic configured to extract at least a portion of the metadata from the web pages, and creating logic configured to create at least one topic associated with the web pages, the at least one topic corresponding to at least a portion of the metadata. 
     Other systems, methods, features, and advantages of this disclosure will be or become apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination of the following drawings and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features, and advantages be included within this description and be within the scope of the present disclosure. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION 
       Many aspects of the disclosure can be better understood with reference to the following drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the drawings, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views. While several embodiments are described in connection with these drawings, there is no intent to limit the disclosure to the embodiment or embodiments disclosed herein. On the contrary, the intent is to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents. 
         FIG. 1  is a network diagram illustrating exemplary components that may be implemented to provide a user with website data. 
         FIG. 2  is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components that may be associated with a computing device, such as the website and/or search engine server from  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  is a nonlimiting example of a user interface illustrating searching capabilities that may be provided by the search engine server from  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 4  is a nonlimiting example of a user interface that may be configured to provide a hierarchical searching structure similar to the user interface from  FIG. 3 . 
         FIG. 5A  is a block diagram illustrating data that may be associated with a web page, such as a web page provided by the web page server from  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 5B  is a continuation of the block diagram of  FIG. 5A . 
         FIG. 6  is a block diagram illustrating a nonlimiting example of a web page utilizing index methodology similar to the web page from  FIGS. 5A and 5B . 
         FIG. 7  is a nonlimiting example of a user interface that might be provided to a user in a topic map configuration similar to the user interface from  FIG. 4 . 
         FIG. 8  is a nonlimiting example of a user interface that may be provided to a user for determining subtopics similar to the user interface from  FIG. 7 . 
         FIG. 9  is a nonlimiting example of a user interface that may be provided for utilizing information from web page titles, similar to the user interface from  FIG. 8 . 
         FIG. 10  is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process that may be utilized for providing a topic map similar to the topic map from  FIG. 9 . 
         FIG. 11  is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process that may be utilized for providing a topic map in an Internet environment similar to the flowchart from  FIG. 10 . 
         FIG. 12A  is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process that may be utilized for amending the topic map from  FIG. 9 . 
         FIG. 12B  is a continuation of the flowchart from  FIG. 12A . 
         FIG. 12C  is a continuation of the flowchart from  FIG. 12A . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       FIG. 1  is a network diagram illustrating exemplary components that may be implemented to provide a user with website data. More specifically, the configuration from  FIG. 1  illustrates a client device  102  coupled to a network, such at the Internet  100 . The Internet  100  may also be coupled to a search engine server  104 , as well as a website server  106 . In operation, the client device  102  can access the Internet  100 , which can act as a portal for data provided by the search engine server  104 . The search engine server  104  can provide data related to a web page that allows the user of a client device  102  to enter search criteria related to desired subject matter. The search engine server  104  can then search other web pages associated with the Internet  100 , according to the received search criteria. Upon completing the search, the search engine server  104  can provide data (which may take the form of source code) that includes an address associated with at least one of the web pages revealed in the search. Upon receiving the data, a web browser (and/or other logic) associated with the client device  102  can determine a format for displaying the received information. The user can then select at least one of the addresses. Upon receiving the user selection, the search engine server  104  can redirect the client device  102  to the website server  106  associated with the selected address. 
     One should note that although a single server is illustrated for representing the search engine server  104 , as one of ordinary skill on the art will understand, one or more servers, computers, etc. may be utilized to provide the desired functionality. Similarly, while the components of  FIG. 1  are illustrated as having a wired connection to the Internet  100 , this is also a nonlimiting example. In at least one embodiment one or more components may be wirelessly coupled to the Internet  100 . 
     Additionally, one should also note that while the description above relates to an Internet configuration, this is a nonlimiting example. More specifically, the client device  102  may be configured to operate in an Intranet environment. Additionally, the website server  106  may be configured to provide searching and hierarchical taxonomy without utilization of a separate search engine server on both Internet and Intranet configurations. 
       FIG. 2  is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components that may be associated with a computing device, such as the website server  106  and/or the search engine server  104  from  FIG. 1 . Although a wire-line device is illustrated, this discussion can be applied to wireless devices, as well. Generally, in terms of hardware architecture, as shown in  FIG. 2 , the server  104  may include a processor  282 , volatile and nonvolatile memory  284 , a display interface  294 , data storage  295 , one or more input and/or output (I/O) device interface(s)  296 , and/or one or more network interfaces that are communicatively coupled via a local interface  292 . The local interface  292  can include, for example but not limited to, one or more buses or other wired or wireless connections. The local interface  292  may have additional elements, which are omitted for simplicity, such as controllers, buffers (caches), drivers, repeaters, and receivers to enable communications. Further, the local interface  292  may include address, control, and/or data connections to enable appropriate communications among the aforementioned components. The processor  282  may be a device for executing software, particularly software stored in volatile and nonvolatile memory  284 . The processor  282  can include any custom made or commercially available processor, a central processing unit (CPU), an auxiliary processor among several processors associated with the server  104 , a semiconductor based microprocessor (in the form of a microchip or chip set), a macroprocessor, and/or generally any device for executing software instructions. 
     The volatile and nonvolatile memory  284  can include any one or combination of volatile memory elements (e.g., random access memory (RAM, such as DRAM, SRAM, SDRAM, etc.)) and/or nonvolatile memory elements (e.g., ROM, hard drive, tape, CDROM, etc.). Moreover, the memory  284  may incorporate electronic, magnetic, optical, and/or other types of storage media. One should note that the volatile and nonvolatile memory  284  can have a distributed architecture (where various components are situated remote from one another), but can be accessed by the processor  282 . Additionally volatile and nonvolatile memory  284  can include searching logic  288 , sorting logic  290 , and an operating system  286 . 
     The software in volatile and nonvolatile memory  284  may include one or more separate programs, each of which includes an ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions. In the example of  FIG. 2 , the software in the volatile and nonvolatile memory  284  may include searching logic, sorting logic, as well as operating system  286 . The operating system  286  essentially controls the execution of other computer programs and provides scheduling, input-output control, file and data management, memory management, and communication control and related services. 
     A system component and/or module embodied as software may also be construed as a source program, executable program (object code), script, or any other entity comprising a set of instructions to be performed. When constructed as a source program, the program is translated via a compiler, assembler, interpreter, or the like, which may or may not be included within the volatile and nonvolatile memory  284 , so as to operate properly in connection with the operating system  286 . 
     The Input/Output devices that may be coupled to system I/O Interface(s)  296  may include input devices, for example but not limited to, a keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone, etc. Further, the Input/Output devices may also include output devices, for example but not limited to, a printer, display, speaker, etc. Finally, the Input/Output devices may further include devices that communicate both as inputs and outputs, for instance but not limited to, a modulator/demodulator (modem; for accessing another device, system, or network), a radio frequency (RF) or other transceiver, a telephonic interface, a bridge, a router, etc. 
     If server  104  includes a personal computer, workstation, or the like, the software in the volatile and nonvolatile memory  284  may further include a basic input output system (BIOS) (omitted for simplicity). The BIOS is a set of software routines that initialize and test hardware at startup, start the operating system  286 , and support the transfer of data among the hardware devices. The BIOS is stored in ROM so that the BIOS can be executed when the server  104  is activated. 
     When the server  104  is in operation, the processor  282  may be configured to execute software stored within the volatile and nonvolatile memory  284 , to communicate data to and from the volatile and nonvolatile memory  284 , and to generally control operations of the server  104  pursuant to the software. Software in memory, in whole or in part, may be read by the processor  282 , perhaps buffered within the processor  282 , and then executed. 
     One should note that while the description with respect to  FIG. 2  includes a server  104  as a single component, this is a nonlimiting example. More specifically, in at least one embodiment, the server  104  can include a plurality of servers, personal computers, and/or other devices. Similarly, while the description of  FIG. 2  describes the server  104 , this is also a nonlimiting example, as other components may also be included in this description, such as a website server  106 , client device  102  and/or other components. 
       FIG. 3  is a nonlimiting example of a user interface  360  illustrating searching capabilities that may be provided by the search engine server  104  from  FIG. 1 . The user interface  360  includes searching options for a user to locate data on one or more web pages. The user interface  360  includes a text prompt  362  and a search execution option  364  for initiating a search. More specifically, a user may input the desired search criteria in the text prompt  362  and select the search execution option  364 . In response to receiving this data, a web browser component associated with client device  102  sends the search criteria to the search engine server  104  (and/or to the website server  106 , depending on the configuration), which can compare the search criteria to data associated with one or more web pages on the Internet. 
     In response to locating one or more web pages associated with the search criteria, the search engine server  104  can return more search results  366 ,  368 ,  370  to the web browser associated with the user interface  360 . The user may select one of the search results to access the desired information. As indicated above, while the search engine server  104  may provide a plurality of data related to a search criteria, in many configurations, this data may be unorganized and difficult for a user to determine relevancy to the search criteria. 
       FIG. 4  is a nonlimiting example of a user interface  406  that may be configured to provide a hierarchical searching structure similar to the user interface  360  from  FIG. 3 . As illustrated in the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 4 , the user interface  460  includes hierarchical searching techniques based on predetermined categories. As illustrated, the first level categories  462  include calling card, cellular telephone, Internet, telephone service, television service. A user can select any number of these categories to provide a listing of subcategories  464  for the select category  462 . The subcategory  464  can include Cingular Wireless and AT&amp;T Wireless. In response to a user&#39;s selection of Cingular Wireless, a second subcategory  466  is listed that includes plans, phones and service. Upon selecting from these second subcategory items, the user may be provided with the desired information. 
     As the nonlimiting examples of  FIGS. 3 and 4  illustrate, these techniques for locating data on the Internet and/or Intranet are not without drawbacks. More specifically, with respect to the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 3 , oftentimes users are provided with a listing of web pages without indication of the actual relevancy of those web pages to search criteria. Similarly, the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 4  includes a predetermined searching structure to which the user may be unfamiliar. As such, the user may not understand the organization of data and may thus have difficulty locating the desired data and/or web page. 
       FIG. 5A  is a block diagram illustrating data that may be associated with a web page, such as a web page provided by the website server  106  from  FIG. 1 . As illustrated in the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 5A , a web page  560   a  may be created with a plurality of criteria. As a nonlimiting example, a web developer may include within the code of the web page a title, keywords, a description, and/or other data. Similarly, the page  560   a  may be associated with a uniform resource locator (URL) for locating the web page. As illustrated in  FIG. 5A , and according to exemplary embodiments, the web page  560   a  is entitled BellSouth—Phone Service, Direct TV, Cingular Wireless, DSL Internet. The keywords associated with the web page  560   a , as determined by the web developer, include the terms “BellSouth,” “Phone Service,” “Cingular Wireless,” “DirectTV Service,” “DSL Internet,” and “High Speed Internet.” The description associated with the web page  560   a  includes, “Get local and long distance phone service, DSL Internet, Cingular Wireless, and DirectTV service from BellSouth.” The URL associated with the web page  560   a  is www.bellsouthisforme.com. 
     As one of ordinary skill in the art would understand, the title, keywords, and/or description associated with the web page  560   a  may be included within HyperText Markup Language (HTML) associated with the web page  560   a . However, according to some embodiments this data may include one or more meta-tags and/or metadata encoded in HTML, JavaScript, or other protocol. 
     Similarly, as illustrated in  FIG. 5A  and according to exemplary embodiments, a web page  560   b  is entitled “Local Phone Service, Calling Plans—BellSouth Dealers.” The keywords associated with the web page  560   b  are “mobile phone service” and “calling plan.” The description associated with the web page  560   b  includes “BellSouth Local Phone Services and Calling Plans offer flexibility, reliability, and value. Available in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee.” The URL associated with the web page  560   b  is www.bellsouthisforme.com/consumer/local. 
       FIG. 5B  is a continuation of the block diagram of  FIG. 5A . According to exemplary embodiments, a web page  560   c  is entitled “Global Phone Cards, Global Calling Cards—BellSouth.” Keywords associated with the web page  560   c  are global calling card and global phone card. The description associated with the web page  560   c  is “Global Phone Cards and Calling Cards from BellSouth. No monthly fees and preferred rates on BellSouth Calling Cards.” The URL associated with the web page  560   c  is www.bellsouthisforme.com/consumer/id.htm. 
     According to embodiments, a web page  560   d  is entitled “Cingular Wireless®: Plans and Phones from BellSouth.” The keywords associated with the web page  560   d  are “Cingular Wireless Plans” and “Cingular Wireless Phone.” The description associated with the web page  560   d  includes “Cingular Wireless phones and plans from BellSouth as low as $29.99. Get unlimited mobile-to-mobile calling, Rollover® minutes, and a great phone when you order.” The URL associated with the web page  560   d  is www.bellsouthisforme.com/consumer.htm. 
     One should note that while the web pages  560   a ,  560   b ,  560   c , and  560   d  are associated with the website www.bellsouthisforme.com, this is a nonlimiting example. More specifically, the web pages  560   a ,  560   b ,  560   c  and  560   d , in at least one embodiment, may be associated with an Intranet. In other embodiments, the web pages  560   a ,  560   b ,  560   c  and  560   d  may be unrelated other than being part of the Internet community, as a whole. 
       FIG. 6  is a block diagram illustrating a nonlimiting example of a web page utilizing an index methodology similar to the web pages  560   a ,  560   b ,  560   c , and  560   d  from  FIGS. 5A and 5B . As illustrated in the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 6 , a web page  660  can include one or more headers  662 . The one or more headers  662  can be configured to define a web page&#39;s organizational structure and simplify navigation. According to embodiments, also included in the web page  660  is metadata  664 . The metadata  664  can be configured to identify a web page title, a web page description, and/or keywords associated with the web page  660  and/or other data associated with the web page  660 . The web page  660  may also include an include component  668 . The include component  668  can be configured to include external references in source code associated with a web page. Developers may include style guides and/or external content. It is also possible to embed (include) a web page within another web page by utilizing this technique. Additionally, the include component  668  may be configured to provide an additional layer of metadata that can be indexed and/or provide contextual information. 
     Also included in the web page  660 , according to embodiments, is a body portion  670 . The body portion  670  of the web page  660  can include data that is displayed to a user, including text, pictures, videos, and/or other forms of data. The substance of the body portion  670  may be determined by a web developer, however, this is not a requirement. In at least one embodiment, a web page owner may change various aspects of the body portion  670  according to his or her desires. The web page  660  may also include a trailer portion  672 . The trailer portion  672  can be configured to automatically insert an HTML formatted file at the bottom of the web page. 
     Depending on the particular configuration, the search engine server  104  and/or the web site server  106  can be configured to extract titles, keywords, description pages, URLs, and/or other data from the metadata component  664 . The extracted data can be submitted to the index methodology  674  to provide the topic map as described in more detail below. More specifically, with respect to Intranet configurations, the web site server  106  can be configured to search one or more of the web pages associated with the Intranet and extract the desired data. The title, keywords, description, URLs, and/or other data can then be searched to determine the most common phrases and/or subject matter associated with the web pages. Once this data is compiled, topics may be created and/or associated with the determined web page data. The topics can then be organized such that one or more of the web pages can be listed as being associated with one or more of the topics. Once the organization of the topic map is complete, this data can be configured into a web index page  676 . 
     Similarly, in an Internet configuration, the search engine server  104  can be configured to involve titles, keywords, description pages, URLs, and/or other data associated with a plurality of web pages. However, with the Internet configuration, problems may arise due to the inability of a search engine to determine the authenticity of the web page&#39;s search. The search engine server  104  may be configured to determine the authenticity of the web pages prior to configuring the web index page  676 . As a nonlimiting example, the search engine server  104  may solicit various web sites to be included in the web page index  676 . Other configurations can provide that the search engine server  104  compare the extracted title, keywords, description pages, URLs, or other data with data associated with the body  670  of the web page  660 . This comparison can determine whether the web page includes data as indicated in the metadata  664 . Similarly, the search engine server  104  can employ other techniques for determining the authenticity of received web pages. 
     As discussed above, the title, keywords, descriptions, and other information associated with web pages, such as the web pages  560   a ,  560   b ,  560   c , and  560   d , may include one or more metatags encoded in HTML, JavaScript, and/or other protocols. There is a plurality of basic types of metatags. One type of metatag includes “HTTP-EQUIV” tag that is used as a directive to the browser. The directive might include “en-us” to define the language as English and the United States. Metatags with an “HTTP-EQUIV” attribute may be similar to HTTP headers. Generally, these metatags control the action of web browsers, and may be used to refine the information provided by the actual headers. Tags using this form may have similar effect when specified as an HTTP header, and in some servers may be translated to actual HTTP headers automatically or by a pre-processing tool. A nonlimiting example of “HTTP-EQUIV” might look like the following code that tells the browser to refresh the HTML code from the server every 5 seconds. 
     &lt;META HTTP-EQUIV=“Refresh” CONTENT=“5”&gt; 
     Some of the other most common “HTTP-EQUIV” tags include those illustrated in Table 1. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 HTTP-Equiv Tags 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Keyword 
                 Example 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 content-language 
                 Specifies the language 
               
               
                 content-script-type 
                 Defines scripting language used 
               
               
                 content-style-type 
                 Defines type of style sheets used 
               
               
                 content-type 
                 Specifies type of data within document 
               
               
                 expires 
                 Expiration date of the document. 
               
               
                 ext-cache 
                 Define Netscape external cache 
               
               
                 imagetoolbar 
                 This turns off Internet Explorer&#39;s image toolbar that 
               
               
                   
                 appears when you hover over an image 
               
               
                 page-enter 
                 Specifies the transition effect that is to be performed 
               
               
                   
                 when the page is loaded. 
               
               
                 page-exit 
                 Specifies the transition effect that is to be performed 
               
               
                   
                 when the page is unloaded. 
               
               
                 pics-label 
                 Includes rating information so content filters can do 
               
               
                   
                 their job 
               
               
                 pragma 
                 Do not locally cache documents 
               
               
                 refresh 
                 Indicates the document displays for a specified 
               
               
                   
                 amount of time before switching to a new URL. 
               
               
                 set-cookie 
                 Sets the name and value for a persistent cookie. 
               
               
                 site-enter 
                 Specifies the transition effect that is to be performed 
               
               
                   
                 when the site is loaded. 
               
               
                 site-exit 
                 Specifies the transition effect that is to be performed 
               
               
                   
                 when the site is unloaded 
               
               
                 window-target 
                 Specifies the name of the frame for the current page 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Another type of metatag is the “NAME” tag. This tag provides a web developer with a mechanism for documenting the page. This metatag provides a robust collection of documentation keywords. Table 2 provides a sample of basic tags. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Name Tags 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Keyword 
                 Example 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 abstract 
                 Define a secondary description. 
               
               
                 author 
                 Records the name of the author of the 
               
               
                   
                 document. 
               
               
                 classification 
                 Classify the site into the appropriate 
               
               
                   
                 category. 
               
               
                 copyright 
                 Used to include copyright information in 
               
               
                   
                 the document. 
               
               
                 description 
                 Some search engines pick up this 
               
               
                   
                 description to show with the results of 
               
               
                   
                 searches. 
               
               
                 distribution 
                 Declares whether a document is available 
               
               
                   
                 to the web or on an intranet. 
               
               
                 doc-class 
                 Indicates completion status of document. 
               
               
                 doc-rights 
                 Indicates copyright status of document. 
               
               
                 doc-type 
                 Specifies type of document. 
               
               
                 expires 
                 Expiration date of the document. 
               
               
                 generator 
                 The name of the program that created the 
               
               
                   
                 document. 
               
               
                 googlebot 
                 Define pages to be excluded from 
               
               
                   
                 googebot indexing. 
               
               
                 keywords 
                 Inform search engines what your web site 
               
               
                   
                 or page is about. 
               
               
                 MSSmartTagsPreventParsing 
                 Use this tag to prevent any Microsoft 
               
               
                   
                 product from automatically generating 
               
               
                   
                 smart tags. 
               
               
                 owner 
                 Define the owner of the page or site. 
               
               
                 progid 
                 The Program Identifier for developing 
               
               
                   
                 the web site 
               
               
                 rating 
                 A simple rating for a site. 
               
               
                 refresh 
                 Indicates the document displays for a 
               
               
                   
                 specified amount of time before 
               
               
                   
                 switching to a new URL. 
               
               
                 reply-to 
                 Email address of contact for document. 
               
               
                 resource-type 
                 Indicates the type of web resource. 
               
               
                 revisit-after 
                 Defines how often search engine spiders 
               
               
                   
                 should revisit your site. 
               
               
                 robots 
                 Define pages to be excluded from robot 
               
               
                   
                 indexing. 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     An example of a name tag that identifies the editor of the HTML document as FrontPage might include the following. 
     &lt;META NAME=“Progid” CONTENT=“FrontPage.Editor.Document”&gt; 
     Metatags can fall into any of a plurality of categories. Site tags may define characteristics for the entire site and may be found on pages with similar values. Page tags may be specific for each page being described. The key tags that will be used in this framework are the Title, Descriptions, Keywords and Page Link. 
     Referring back to  FIGS. 5A and 5B , in which metadata associated with a plurality of web pages is displayed, the methodology can be illustrated. Based on metadata from the four web pages  560   a ,  560   b ,  560   c , and  560   d  from  FIGS. 5A and 5B , topics can be created from the base keywords. More specifically, web page  560   a  includes keywords “BellSouth,” “phone service,” Cingular Wireless,” “DirectTV Service,” “DSL Internet,” and “high speed Internet.” This data, along with data from web pages  560   b ,  560   c , and  560   d  can produce a list of topics. Once the list of topics has been produced, the title, description, and/or keywords associated with the web pages  560   a ,  560   b ,  560   c , and  560   d  may be analyzed to determine if each of the web pages page fits into one or more of the topics. Potential topics associated with the web pages  560   a - 560   d  could include the following, as illustrated in Table 3. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Categories and associated web pages 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Category 
                 Web page 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 BellSouth 
                 560a, 560b, 560c, 560d 
               
               
                   
                 Phone Service 
                 560a, 560b 
               
               
                   
                 Cingular Wireless 
                 560a, 560d 
               
               
                   
                 DirectTV Service 
                 560a 
               
               
                   
                 DSL Internet 
                 560a 
               
               
                   
                 High Speed Internet 
                 560a 
               
               
                   
                 Local Phone Service 
                 560a, 560b 
               
               
                   
                 Calling Plan 
                 560b 
               
               
                   
                 Global Calling Card 
                 560c 
               
               
                   
                 Global Phone Card 
                 560c 
               
               
                   
                 Cingular Wireless Plans 
                 560d 
               
               
                   
                 Cingular Wireless Phone 
                 560d 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
       FIG. 7  is a nonlimiting example of a user interface  760  that might be provided to a user in a topic map configuration similar to the user interface  460  from  FIG. 4 . As illustrated in the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 7 , the user interface  760  is configured to display a topic map  761 . The topic map  761  may include one or more topics as derived from the metadata  664  from  FIG. 6 , and illustrated in Table 3. More specifically, topics can include BellSouth topic  762 , Calling Plan topic  764 , Cingular Wireless topic  766 , Cingular Wireless Plan topic  768 , Cingular Wireless Phone  770 , and Direct TV Service  772 . Associated with the BellSouth topic  762  are links to the web pages  560   a ,  560   b ,  560   c , and  560   d.    
     Similarly, the Calling Plan topic  764  is associated with the web page  560   b , which is the same web page associated with the BellSouth topic  762 . As a web page may be associated with one or more topics, the web page may be listed one or more times in the topic map  761  of the user interface  760 . 
       FIG. 8  is a nonlimiting example of a user interface  860  that may be provided to a user for providing subtopics similar to the user interface  760  from  FIG. 7 . As illustrated in the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 8 , the user interface  860  can include topics similar to those illustrated in the user interface  760 . As a nonlimiting example, the BellSouth topic  862  is similar to the BellSouth topic  762  from  FIG. 7 . The BellSouth topic  862  can include a plurality of web pages associated with the BellSouth topic. However, the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 8  illustrates that one or more of the topics in  FIG. 7  may be consolidated to provide a more organized display for a user. More specifically, the Cingular Wireless topic  766 , the Cingular Wireless Plan  768 , and the Cingular Wireless Phone  770  can be consolidated into a subdivided Cingular Wireless topic  870 . 
     Additionally, depending on the particular configuration, the consolidated topic may be further organized into subtopics to more clearly display the web sites. More specifically, as illustrated in the user interface  860 , the subdivided Cingular Wireless topic  870  can be divided into a general category to which BellSouth—Phone Service, Direct TV, Cingular Wireless, DSL and Internet web page can be displayed. Additionally, a subtopic Cingular Wireless plans  866  and a Cingular Wireless Phone  868  can also include one or more web sites associated with these categories. 
       FIG. 9  is a nonlimiting example of a user interface  960  that may be provided for utilizing information from web page titles, similar to the user interface  860  from  FIG. 8 . As illustrated in the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 9 , the user interface  960  is configured to display the results from  FIG. 8  in a more understandable manner. More specifically, the web site server  106  and/or the search engine server  104  may be configured to determine from the above-described metadata a more user friendly and/or user understandable title (e.g., display name) for each of the web pages listed. Additionally included in the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 9  is a “Don&#39;t See It” option  966 . The Don&#39;t See It option  966  can be configured to provide a user with the ability to find a web page that otherwise is not listed in the topic map. As a nonlimiting example, upon selecting the Don&#39;t See It option  966 , a user may be provided with a user interface similar to the user interface  360  and/or  460  to more easily form the desired data and/or web page. Similarly, other configurations for finding a desired web page may be provided as well. 
     One difference between  FIG. 8  and  FIG. 9  is the reduction of information. Reducing the amount of information provided to a user can be beneficial in making a user interface less complex and more usable. By utilizing pattern recognition and/or artificial intelligence, applications can review large scale information maps and reduce the complexity. Technically, this can be accomplished by utilizing synonyms, homonyms, and other grammar tools. As a nonlimiting example, suppose three links are related to “SOA.” The first link is entitled “Service Oriented Architecture Frameworks.” The second link is entitled “SOA Frameworks.” The third link is entitled “SOA Models.” 
     Since SOA is an abbreviation of “Service Oriented Architecture,” then the first link and the second link are the same. Based on the fact that frameworks and models are synonyms (or at least closely related), The third link can be grouped with the second link. Hence, all three links are the same and removing two of the links does not reduce the value of content, but does lower the number of choices provided to the user. 
     Additionally, some embodiments may be configured to include web pages with different spellings of the same subject matter in the same topic. More specifically, referring back to  FIGS. 5A and 5B , if web page  560   a  includes “DirectTV” and the web page  560   d  includes “Direct TV,” the server  104 ,  106  may be configured to determine that these are similar and/or equivalent and include both web pages under the same topic. 
     One should also note that a web page may include data that changes. As such, the server  104 ,  106  may be configured to rebuild the topic map on a continuous, periodic, aperiodic and/or other basis. Depending on the change in subject matter, a topic map may also change. 
       FIG. 10  is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process that may be utilized for providing a topic map similar to topic map from  FIG. 9 . As illustrated in the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 10 , the web site server  106  and/or search engine server  104  may be configured to extract words and/or phrases from one or more web pages to build an inventory of topics associated with the web pages (block  1032 ). More specifically, as discussed above, a plurality of web pages may be searched and metadata may be extracted to determine keywords, phrases, title, descriptions, URLs and/or other data associated with the received web pages. Once the metadata is extracted, the server  104 ,  106  can review web page titles to associate the web pages with one or more of the topics from the topic inventory (block  1034 ). The server  104 ,  106  can then review web page descriptions to associate the web pages with one or more of the topics (block  1036 ). The server  104 ,  106  can determine related topics for the creation of subtopics (block  1038 ). This determination can be made based on keyword searching and/or other logic. The server  104 ,  106  can then build a topic map for a web environment (block  1040 ). 
       FIG. 11  is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process that may be utilized for providing a topic map in an Internet environment similar to flowchart from  FIG. 10 . As illustrated in the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 11 , the search engine server  104  and or web site server  106  can be configured to extract words and/or phrases from the most commonly searched web pages to build an inventory of topics (block  1132 ). More specifically, the server  104 ,  106  can be configured to determine the most commonly searched web pages. Determining the most commonly searched web pages can provide the search engine server  104  with a pool of web pages by which to create the topic inventory. Similarly, as discussed above, the server  104 ,  106  can implement one or more authentication techniques to adequately determine if the web pages in the topic inventory are authentic according to their metadata. The server  104 ,  106  can then review web page titles to associate the wen pages with one or more of the topics from the topic inventory (block  1134 ). The server  104 ,  106  can then review web page descriptions to associate the web pages to one or more topics from the topic inventory (block  1136 ). The server  104 ,  106  can then filter pages that do not appear valid (block  1138 ). More specifically, to determine whether a web page is valid, metadata may be extracted from a header of the web page and then compared with data extracted from a body of the web page. If the search engine server  104  determines that web page metadata is not correlated to data in the body of the web page, the server  104 ,  106  can remove this web page and/or all pages associated with this web page from the topic inventory. 
     The server  104 ,  106  can then filter superfluous and unnecessary pages from the topic inventory (block  1140 ). More specifically, the search engine server  104  can determine as numerous results as can be present in the topic inventory. The server  104 ,  106  may reduce this number in any number of different ways. As a nonlimiting example, the server  104 ,  106  can compare metadata of various pages to determine if the pages provide substantially similar information. Similarly, other embodiments can be configured to compare web page data to determine whether the pages are superfluous (e.g., a web page is duplicated, subject matter is duplicated, etc.). Still other embodiments can be configured to determine, based on user actions, which web pages are unnecessary in the topic map. Once the superfluous and unnecessary pages are filtered, the search engine server  104  can build a topic map (block  1142 ). 
       FIG. 12A  is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process that may be utilized for amending a topic map, such as the topic map from  FIG. 9 . As illustrated in the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 12A , the search engine server  104  and/or web site server  106  can be configured to provide a topic map for a web environment including a Don&#39;t See It option (block  1232 ). The server  104 ,  106  can then receive a user selection of the Don&#39;t See It option (block  1234 ). The server  104 ,  106  can then provide an alternate mode for finding a desired page (block  1236 ). Once the desired page is located, the server  104 ,  106  can determine if the metadata including title data, description, and/or keyword data fit the search criteria as input by the user (block  1238 ). If the metadata does fit the search criteria, the flowchart proceeds to jump block  1240 , continued in  FIG. 12B . 
       FIG. 12B  is a continuation of the flowchart from  FIG. 12A . As illustrated in the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 12B , from the jump block  1244 , the flowchart proceeds to determine whether a current topic corresponds to a search criteria and/or the metadata (e.g., title, description, keyword, other data), as illustrated in block  1246 . If a current topic does correspond to the search criteria and/or metadata, the server  104 ,  106  can include this page with that current topic (block  1248 ). If the current topic does not correspond to the search criteria and/or metadata, a new topic can be created for this page (block  1250 ). 
     If from block  1238  of  FIG. 12A , a determination is made that the metadata does not fit the search criteria, the flowchart proceeds to jump block  1242 , which is continued on  FIG. 12C .  FIG. 12C  is a continuation of the flowchart from  FIG. 12A . As illustrated in the nonlimiting example of  FIG. 12C , from jump block  1242 , the flowchart proceeds to determine from the body of the web page whether a current topic corresponds to the web page (block  1252 ). If a current topic does correspond to the web page, the server  104 ,  106  can include the web page with the current topic (block  1254 ). If a current topic does not correspond to the web page, the server  104 ,  106  can include a new topic for a web page (block  1256 ). 
     The embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. At least one embodiment, disclosed herein is implemented in software and/or firmware that is stored in a memory and that is executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in an alternative embodiment embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented with any or a combination of the following technologies: a discrete logic circuit(s) having logic gates for implementing logic functions upon data signals, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) having appropriate combinational logic gates, a programmable gate array(s) (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc. 
     One should note that the flowcharts included herein show the architecture, functionality, and operation of a possible implementation of software. In this regard, each block can be interpreted to represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of the order and/or not at all. For example, two blocks shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. 
     One should note that any of the programs listed herein, which can include an ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. In the context of this document, a “computer-readable medium” can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer readable medium can be, for example but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a nonexhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium could include an electrical connection (electronic) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic), a random access memory (RAM) (electronic), a read-only memory (ROM) (electronic), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) (electronic), an optical fiber (optical), and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM) (optical). In addition, the scope of the certain embodiments of this disclosure can include embodying the functionality described in logic embodied in hardware or software-configured mediums. 
     One should also note that conditional language, such as, among others, “can,” “could,” “might,” or “may,” unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certain embodiments include, while other embodiments do not include, certain features, elements and/or steps. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements and/or steps are in any way required for one or more particular embodiments or that one or more particular embodiments necessarily include logic for deciding, with or without user input or prompting, whether these features, elements and/or steps are included or are to be performed in any particular embodiment. 
     It should be emphasized that the above-described embodiments are merely possible examples of implementations, merely set forth for a clear understanding of the principles of this disclosure. Many variations and modifications may be made to the above-described embodiment(s) without departing substantially from the spirit and principles of the disclosure. All such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure.