Abstract:
A crosstalk-reducing barrier panel is provided atop of a 3D-capable image panel where the image panel displays 3D imagery by alternatingly projecting left-eye imagery and right-eye imagery and where crosstalk may develop between leaked portions of the left and right-eye light rays produced by the image panel. The barrier panel includes a base substrate, odd-numbered barrier electrodes, even-numbered barrier electrodes, first through fourth signal delivering lines, and one or more signal generators that generate a first signal and a second signal. The first signal is respectively delivered to opposed ends of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes by way of a respective first “short-path” delivery route and also by way of a respective first “long-path” delivery route. The second signal is respectively delivered to opposed ends of the even-numbered barrier electrodes by way of a respective second “short-path” delivery route and also by way of a respective second “long-path” delivery route.

Description:
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2012-0022216, filed on Mar. 5, 2012 and all the benefits accruing therefrom under 35 U.S.C. §119, where the contents of said application are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. 
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Field of Disclosure 
     The present disclosure of invention relates to 3D displays. More specifically, it relates to a barrier substrate usable in a 3D display, to a display panel having the barrier substrate and to a 3D display apparatus having the barrier substrate. Yet more particularly, the present disclosure of invention relates to an auto-stereoscopic display assisting barrier substrate usable in a 3D auto-stereoscopic display apparatus. 
     2. Description of Related Technology 
     Older and conventional display apparatuses were limited to displaying only a 2-dimensional planar image. Recently however, demand has increased for displays capable of producing 3-dimensional stereoscopic images for use in various fields such as computerized gaming, cinema, etc. The 3-dimensional stereoscopic image displaying apparatus displays a stereoscopic image by taking advantage of a binocular parallax phenomenon of the human visual system. One type of 3D image displaying system that uses the binocular parallax phenomenon is referred to as the stereoscopic type and another is referred to as the autostereoscopic type. In the stereoscopic type of 3D image displaying system, light rays corresponding to left and right eye perceptions are respectively directed to the left and right eyes of the human viewer. In order to direct the left and right eye light rays to the correct eye respectively without left-to-right crosstalk, a barrier type of light rays shuttering system is sometimes used. Additionally, a lenticular type, or a liquid crystal refracting lens type, etc. may be used for creating the stereoscopic effect. It is to be understood that use of the barrier type of light rays shuttering systems does not preclude simultaneous use of lenticular lens or dynamic shutter type eye glasses, etc. The barrier type of light rays shutter may be used to reduce undesired cross-talk between left and right eye images. 
     In display apparatuses of the barrier type, a so-called, barrier panel is disposed on top of a conventional display panel used for displaying a 2-dimensional planar image where the barrier panel can be switched from showing a 2-dimensional planar image into showing a 3-dimensional stereoscopic image where the purpose of the barrier panel is to reduce cross-talk between left and right eye images. However, as shall be detailed below, barrier panels can suffer in disparity of shuttering effect they produce in different sections of the display area (DA) of the image panel. 
     A barrier panel in accordance with the present disclosure may include pluralities of odd-numbered and even-numbered barrier electrodes and plural signal delivering lines (The signal delivering lines are also referred to herein more simply as “signal lines”.) The odd and even-numbered barrier electrodes are extended in a first direction (e.g., a columnar direction of a corresponding display area DA), and the plural signal delivering lines are extended in a second direction (e.g., a row direction of a peripheral area PA), the second direction is different from the first direction. The plural signal delivering lines respectively deliver the corresponding first and second signals to the odd and even-numbered barrier electrodes for thereby controlling operations of the barrier panel (e.g., selectively blocking out (acting as a crosstalk-reducing “barrier” for) left-eye light rays or right-eye light rays). 
     Since a trend in the field for display apparatuses for display of stereoscopic images is that of providing larger and larger display areas (DA&#39;s), the respective lengths of the plural signal delivering lines and the lengths of the odd and even-numbered barrier electrodes become longer too. Also, since a size and a thickness of bezel area of the display apparatus for display of stereoscopic images tends to be decreased, a corresponding width and a thickness of the plural signal lines tends to become decreased. Also, since a resolution of the display apparatus for display of stereoscopic images tends to increase, the corresponding sizes (e.g., widths and thicknesses) of the odd and even-numbered barrier electrodes tend to become decreased. Therefore, respective resistances of the plural signal lines, and respective resistances of the odd and even-numbered barrier electrodes tend to increase and this increases an RC time delay problem wherein it becomes more difficult to uniformly drive all parts of the odd and even-numbered barrier electrodes. 
     One of the undesired effects of increased RC time constants is that first voltage signal levels at opposed ends of a long signal delivering line can be different from each other and second voltage signal levels at opposed ends of a long other signal line can be similarly different each other. Also, respective voltage signal levels at the opposed ends of long odd-numbered barrier electrodes can be different from each other and respective voltage signal levels at the opposed ends of long even-numbered barrier electrode can be different from each other. Therefore, the cross-talk blocking action (barrier providing action) of a barrier panel may not be uniform over the entire display area DA and cross talk in different sub-sections of the display area DA of the display apparatus may be undesirably intensified as compared to other sub-sections of the display area. Such non-uniformity in blockage of cross talk can create undesired artifacts in the produced 3D imagery. 
     It is to be understood that this background of the technology section is intended to provide useful background for understanding the here disclosed technology and as such, the technology background section may include ideas, concepts or recognitions that were not part of what was known or appreciated by those skilled in the pertinent art prior to corresponding invention dates of subject matter disclosed herein. 
     SUMMARY 
     Exemplary embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure of invention provide a barrier substrate structured to decrease non-uniformity of blockage of left and right eye crosstalk as perceived for different subsections (e.g., upper versus lower and left versus right sub-areas) of the display area DA of a display apparatus used for displaying stereoscopic images. 
     Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide a barrier panel including the barrier substrate. 
     Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display apparatus for display a stereoscopic image including the barrier substrate. 
     In an exemplary barrier panel according to the present disclosure, a barrier substrate includes a base substrate, odd-numbered barrier electrodes interdigitated with even-numbered barrier electrodes, a first signal delivering line, a second delivering signal line, a third signal delivering line, and a fourth signal delivering line. (For simplicity sake, the first through fourth signal delivering lines are also respectively referred to herein as first through fourth signal lines.) The odd-numbered barrier electrodes and even-numbered barrier electrodes are extended in a first direction on the base substrate and arranged adjacent to one another along a second direction; the second direction is different from the first direction. The first signal line is electrically connected to first ends of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes and delivers to those first ends, and along the second direction, a first signal. The second signal line is electrically connected to opposed second ends of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes and delivers to those second ends, and along a third direction, the first signal, where the third direction is opposite to the second direction. The third signal line is electrically connected to third ends of the even-numbered barrier electrodes and delivers to those third ends, and along the second direction, a second signal, the second signal being different from the first signal. The fourth signal line is electrically connected to opposed fourth ends of the even-numbered barrier electrodes and delivers to those fourth ends, and along the third direction, the second signal. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the odd-numbered barrier electrodes may be overlapped with the first, second and fourth signal lines but not with the third signal delivering lines; and the even-numbered barrier electrodes may be overlapped with the second, third and fourth signal lines but not with the first signal delivering lines. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the odd-numbered barrier electrodes may be electrically connected with the first and second signal line by a plurality of a first contact holes and the even-numbered barrier electrodes may be electrically connected with the third and fourth signal line by a plurality of a second contact holes. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the first signal line may include a first end, a second end. The first end is adjacent to a first odd-numbered barrier electrode of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes. The second end is adjacent to an n-th odd-numbered barrier electrode of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes. The second signal line may include a first sub-electrode, a second sub-electrode, and a third sub-electrode. The first sub-electrode includes a third end adjacent to a first odd-numbered barrier electrode of the barrier electrodes and a fourth end adjacent to an n-th odd-numbered barrier electrode of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes. The second sub-electrode is paralleled with the first sub-electrode and including a fifth end facing with the third end and sixth end facing with the fourth end. The third sub-electrode connecting the third end and the fifth end. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the third signal line may include a seventh end and an eighth end. The seventh end is adjacent to a first even-numbered barrier electrode of the even-numbered barrier electrodes. The eighth end is adjacent to an n-th even-numbered barrier electrode of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes. The fourth signal line may include a fourth sub-electrode, a fifth sub-electrode and a sixth sub-electrode. The fourth sub-electrode includes a ninth end adjacent to a first odd-numbered barrier electrode of the barrier electrodes and a tenth end adjacent to an n-th odd-numbered barrier electrode of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes. The fifth sub-electrode is paralleled with the first sub-electrode and includes an eleventh end facing with the ninth end and twelfth end facing with the tenth end. The sixth sub-electrode connects the ninth end and the twelfth end. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the barrier substrate may include a barrier driving part. The barrier driving part may provide the first signal by connecting to the second end and the sixth end and provide the second signal by connecting to the ninth end and the twelfth end. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the barrier substrate may include a sealing member. The sealing member may be overlapped with the second, third, fifth and sixth sub-electrodes. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the first signal line may be disposed between the fourth sub-electrode and the fifth sub-electrode. The third signal line may be disposed between the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the first signal line may include the first end and the second end. The first end is adjacent to the first odd-numbered barrier electrode of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes. The second end is adjacent to the n-th odd-numbered barrier electrode of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes. The second signal line may include the third end and the fourth end. The third end is adjacent to the first odd-numbered barrier electrode of the barrier electrodes. The fourth end is adjacent to the n-th odd-numbered barrier electrode of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes. The third signal line may include the seventh end and the eighth end. The seventh end is adjacent to the first even-numbered barrier electrode of the even-numbered barrier electrodes. The eighth end is adjacent to the n-th even-numbered barrier electrode of the even-numbered barrier electrodes. The fourth signal line may include the ninth end and the tenth end. The ninth end is adjacent to the first odd-numbered barrier electrode of the barrier electrodes. The tenth end is adjacent to the n-th odd-numbered barrier electrode of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the barrier substrate may include a first barrier driving part and a spaced apart second barrier driving part. The first barrier driving part provides the first signal by connecting to the second end and provides the second signal by connecting to the eighth end. The second barrier driving part provides the first signal by connecting to the sixth end and provides the second signal by connecting to the twelfth end. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the odd and even-numbered barrier electrode may include transparent conductive oxide. The first, second, third and fourth signal line may include copper or aluminum. 
     In an exemplary barrier panel according to the present invention, a barrier panel includes a first barrier substrate, a second barrier substrate and a so-called, second liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second barrier substrates. The first barrier substrate includes a base substrate, odd-numbered barrier electrodes and even-numbered barrier electrodes, a first signal line, a second signal line, a third signal line and a fourth signal line. The odd-numbered barrier electrodes and even-numbered barrier electrodes are extended to a first direction on the first base substrate and arranged in a second direction. The second direction is different from the first direction. The first signal line is electrically connected to one ends of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes and provides in a second direction with a first signal. The second signal line is electrically connected to another ends of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes and provides in a third direction with a first signal. The third direction is opposite direction to the second direction. The third signal line is electrically connected to one ends of the even-numbered barrier electrodes and provides in the second direction with a second signal. The second signal is different from the first signal. The fourth signal line is electrically connected to another ends of the even-numbered barrier electrodes and provides in the third direction with the second signal. The second barrier substrate faces the first barrier substrate and includes a base substrate and a common electrode disposed on a base substrate. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the even-numbered barrier electrodes may be shifted to the first direction against the odd-numbered barrier electrodes. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the odd-numbered barrier electrodes may be overlapped with the first, second and fourth signal line. The even-numbered barrier electrodes may be overlapped with the second, third and fourth signal line. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the first barrier substrate may be a sealing member overlapped with the second, third, fifth and sixth sub-electrodes. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the sealing member may have lower dielectric permittivity than a permittivity of the second liquid crystal layer. 
     In an exemplary display apparatus according to the present disclosure, a display apparatus includes a display panel and a barrier panel. The display panel displays an image. The barrier panel includes a first barrier substrate and a second barrier substrate. The first barrier substrate includes a first base substrate, odd-numbered barrier electrodes and even-numbered barrier electrodes, a first signal line, a second signal line, a third signal line and a fourth signal line. The first base substrate is disposed on the display panel. The odd-numbered barrier electrodes and even-numbered barrier electrodes are extended to a first direction on the first base substrate and arranged in a second direction. The second direction is different from the first direction. The first signal line is electrically connected to first ends of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes and provides in a second direction with a first signal. The second signal line is electrically connected to second ends of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes and provides in a third direction with a first signal. The third direction is opposite direction to the second direction. The third signal line is electrically connected to first ends of the even-numbered barrier electrodes and provides in the second direction with a second signal. The second signal is different from the first signal. The fourth signal line is electrically connected to second ends of the even-numbered barrier electrodes and provides in the third direction with the second signal. The second barrier substrate faces the first barrier substrate and includes a base substrate and a common electrode disposed on a base substrate. 
     In the barrier panel having the barrier substrate and/or a display apparatus having the barrier substrate, the first signal line connects to one end of odd-numbered barrier electrodes and the second signal line connects to another end of odd-numbered barrier electrodes so as to provide the first signal from opposite directions, so that a disparity in cross talk reduction between upper and lower of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes may be deceased. 
     Also, the third signal line connected to one end of even-numbered barrier electrodes and the fourth signal line connected to another end of even-numbered barrier electrodes are provide signal in opposite directions, so that a disparity in cross talk reduction between upper and lower of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes may be deceased. 
     Also, a sealing member is overlapped with the second signal line, so that RC delay of the second signal line may be decreased. A sealing member is overlapped with the fourth signal line, so that RC delay of the fourth signal line may be decreased. 
     Therefore, display quality of display apparatus for display a stereoscopic image is improved. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The above and other features and advantages of the present disclosure of invention will become more apparent by describing in detailed exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a display apparatus for a 3D display according to an exemplary embodiment; 
         FIG. 2  is a perspective view illustrating a display apparatus for display of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a plan view illustrating a barrier panel of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view cutting along a line of I-I′ of  FIG. 3 ; 
         FIGS. 5A to 5C  are plan views illustrating a barrier panel for describing modes of barrier panel of  FIG. 3 ; and 
         FIG. 6  is a plan view illustrating a first barrier substrate of a display apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Hereinafter, the present disclosure of invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display apparatus for a 3D display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 1 and 2 , a display apparatus for display of stereoscopic 3D images includes an image display panel  100  and a crosstalk-reducing barrier panel  200 . 
     The image display panel  100  may include a first substrate  110 , a spaced apart second substrate  120  and a liquid crystal (LC) material layer interposed between the first and second substrates. The structure of the image display panel  100  is schematically represented as having a plurality of pixel portions or units PX defined by pixel unit elements opposingly disposed in one or the other of the first substrate  110  and the second substrate  120 . Conventionally, in the case where the image display panel  100  is structured as a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) imaging device, so-called, pixel-electrodes may be disposed in a matrix format on the upper major surface of the lower, first substrate  110  and opposed common electrode portions may be disposed in a matrix or other format on the lower and facing major surface of the upper second substrate  120 . However, it is to be appreciated that other schemes are possible, for example where both of pixel-electrodes and common electrode portions are disposed along the upper major surface of the lower, first substrate  110 . Although not shown, one or both of the first and second substrates  110  and  120  may incorporate light ray processing means such as polarizing plates, prismatic plates, diffusers and the like. Typically, a backlighting unit (not shown) provides backlighting illumination from under the first substrate  110 . That light is once polarized by a polarizing means associated with the first substrate  110 . Then the once polarized light rays are further polarized by action of differently oriented liquid crystal molecules in the interposed, first liquid crystal layer (denoted as PX) where each pixel unit PX may re-orient its respective light rays differently. The rudiments of a desired image are thus formed. The image display panel  100  need not be of the liquid crystal type. It could instead be structured as a matrix of individually addressable and driven organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) or other individually controllable light rays emitters and/or light ray valving units. 
     Although not shown in detail, the individually controllable light rays emitters and/or light ray valving (e.g., shuttering) units may be disposed between unit selecting and controlling wires (or other conductive lines) that can be used to address the respective PX units and place them in desired light ray emitting and/or light ray valving (e.g., shuttering) modes where those modes can define the perceived luminances of the respective image pixels PX. The unit selecting and controlling wires (e.g., gate lines and data lines) may be respectively arranged as extending in a first direction and a different second direction. Although not shown, in one embodiment, each pixel unit PX may include a switching element (e.g., a TFT transistor), a pixel electrode (e.g., made of ITO or IZO), an opposed portion of a first common electrode and an interposed portion of a first liquid crystal layer. The switching elements (e.g., TFTs) may each be disposed on the first substrate  110  and electrically connected to a corresponding gate line and a corresponding data line. The pixel electrode is electrically connected to the switching element and charged to one potential state or another based on gate and data signals provided on the corresponding gate and data lines. The first common electrode may be disposed on the second substrate  120  to face the pixel electrodes. However, this scheme is one of a number of different possible ones. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the pixel electrodes and the common electrode in this exemplary scheme. As mentioned, the individually controllable light rays emitters and/or light ray valving (e.g., shuttering) units of the image creating panel  100  may take other forms (e.g., OLEDs, electrophoretic, etc.). 
     The crosstalk-reducing barrier panel  200  is disposed on top of the image display panel  100 . A function of the barrier panel  200  is to selectively block image light rays emanating from the image display panel  100  and belonging to one or the other of left eye image and a right image. Other means, for example lenticular lenses and/or polarizing plates embedded optical output layer  221  may be used to direct the non-blocked light rays toward perception by a user&#39;s left side or a user&#39;s right side. Alternatively or additionally, the user may wear dynamic or passive eye glasses that cooperate with the display apparatus for creating the perception of a 3D image. 
     By synchronizing the selective blocking (barrier-forming) actions of the barrier panel  200  with the left and right eye image creating actions of the image display panel  100  it is possible to create a perception of 3D images with reduced crosstalk between the perceived left and right eye images. More specifically, when the barrier panel  200  is selectively blocking some of the image light rays emanating from the image display panel  100 , where the blocked light rays are eventually intended for projection to the user&#39;s right eye, the image display panel  100  is simultaneously operating to project already formed left-eye imagery to the user&#39;s left-eye. At the same time the blocked right eye imagery is being refreshed (re-rendered) by the image display panel  100 . On the other hand, when the barrier panel  200  is selectively blocking some of the image light rays emanating from the image display panel  100  and eventually intended for projection to the user&#39;s left eye, the image display panel  100  is simultaneously operating to project already formed right-eye imagery to the user&#39;s right eye. At the same time the blocked left eye imagery is being refreshed (re-rendered) by the image display panel  100 . In the illustrated embodiment, the crosstalk-reducing barrier panel  200  provides its selective image blocking actions by using a second liquid crystal layer  230  and so-called, barrier electrodes (BRE) for controlling orientations of liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer  230  so they are in either a light rays blocking mode or a light rays pass-through mode. 
     More specifically, the barrier panel  200  includes a first barrier substrate  210 , a second barrier substrate  220  and the second liquid crystal layer  230  interposed between them. 
     The first barrier substrate  210  includes a respective first base substrate  211  and a plurality of transparent barrier electrodes BRE&#39;s disposed on the first base substrate  211 . The second barrier substrate  220  includes a transparent second common electrode CE facing the barrier electrodes BRE&#39;s. 
     Each barrier electrode BRE is longitudinally extended in the first direction D 1  and the barrier electrodes BRE&#39;s are arranged adjacent to one another along the second direction D 2 . 
     Each barrier electrode BRE is corresponded to at least one portion of a corresponding column of pixels on the image display panel  100 . For example, an odd-numbered first barrier electrode BRE(odd) may be placed so as to correspond to at least a portion of a first pixel column in the display area DA of the image display panel  100 . A width of the first barrier electrode BRE(odd) may be substantially the same as a width of the corresponding first pixel column. 
     Further, although not shown, it is within the contemplation of the present disclosure that a left-eye image segment may occupy plural ones of immediately adjacent pixel columns, that a right eye image segment may occupy plural ones of immediately adjacent pixel columns, and that each the barrier electrode BRE may be sized to correspond accordingly; for example by having a width that matches the combined width of a first, second and third pixel column. In other words, a width of the barrier electrode BRE may be substantially the same as a total width of the first, second and third pixel column in such an example. 
     When the width of the barrier electrode BRE is increased, its electrical resistance decreases, thus helping to reduce the problem of large RC delay constants. Also, the number adjacent view points representing a left-eye part or a right-eye part of a 3-dimensional stereoscopic image may be increased. 
     Next, the structure of the first barrier substrate  210  of the barrier panel  200  in accordance with the present disclosure will be explained in more detail. 
       FIG. 3  is a top plan view illustrating a barrier panel of  FIG. 1 .  FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view cutting along a line of I-I′ of  FIG. 3 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 3 and 4 , the barrier substrate  210  includes: a first base substrate  211 , a plurality of spaced apart odd-numbered barrier electrodes OEj, a plurality of spaced apart even-numbered barrier electrodes EEk interdigitated between the odd-numbered ones (where j=1, 2, . . . n and k=1, 2, . . . n), an insulation layer LY, a first signal nine SL 1 , a second signal nine SL 2 , a third signal nine SL 3 , a fourth signal nine SL 4 , and a barrier electrodes driving part  212 . It is to be understood that at least portions of the odd and even-numbered barrier electrodes which extend through the display area DA of the display apparatus are transparent (e.g., made of ITO, IZO and/or another light-passing conductor). Also, the barrier substrate  210  and the insulation layer LY are substantially transparent. 
     In one embodiment, the barrier electrodes driving part  212  is directly and integrally formed on the first base substrate  211 , for example using semiconductor-on-glass technology. Alternatively, the barrier electrodes driving part  212  may be separately formed from the first base substrate  211  and may be mounted on the first base substrate  211 . 
     The even-numbered barrier electrodes EE are spaced apart from each of other and also slight spaced apart from the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE. The odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE and the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE are disposed alternatingly as shown so that they substantially cover the display area DA of the device. 
     As mentioned, the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE and the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE may include a transparent conductive oxide, TCO. For example, the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE and the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE may include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (ITO), etc. 
     The odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE extend in the first direction D 1 . For example, the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE include a first to a n-th odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE 1 , . . . , OEn. The first to the n-th odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE 1 , . . . , OEn are disposed along the second direction D 2  in a regularly spaced sequence. 
     The even-numbered barrier electrodes EE extend in the first direction D 1 . For example, the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE include a first to a n-th odd-numbered barrier electrodes EE 1 , . . . , EEn. The first to the n-th even-numbered barrier electrodes EE 1 , . . . , EEn are disposed in the second direction D 2  in a regularly spaced sequence. 
     The even-numbered barrier electrodes EE are shifted to the first direction D 1  relative to the odd-numbered barrier electrodes. 
     In  FIG. 3 , each of signal lines, SL 2  and SL 4  is a “long-path” signal line. By contrast, each of signal lines, SL 1  and SL 3  is a “short-path” signal line. The odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE are overlapped with and electrically connected to respective parts of the “short-path” first signal line SL 1  and the “long-path” second signal line SL 2 . On the other hand, the same odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE overlap with but do not electrically connect to parts of the fourth signal line SL 4 . Instead the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE are electrically insulated from the fourth signal line SL 4 . In similar fashion, the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE are overlapped with and electrically connected to respective parts of the “short-path” third signal line SL 3  and the “long-path” fourth signal line SL 4 . On the other hand, the same even-numbered barrier electrodes EE overlap with but do not electrically connect to parts of the second signal line SL 2 . Instead, the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE are electrically insulated from the second signal line SL 2 . 
     The insulation layer LY is patterned and disposed on the first, second, third and fourth signal line SL 1 , SL 2 , SL 3  and SL 4  to provide electrical insulation where appropriate. The odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE and the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE are disposed on the insulation layer LY. 
     The first, second, third and fourth signal line SL 1 , SL 2 , SL 3  and SL 4  are disposed on the base substrate  211 . 
     The first signal line SL 1  (a “short-path” one) extends in the second direction D 2  and is overlapped with first ends of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE. The first signal line SL 1  is electrically connected with the first ends of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE by respective first contact holes denoted as H 1 . 
     The first signal line SL 1  faces corresponding first adjacent ends of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE. The first signal line SL 1  extends linearly from the barrier electrodes driving part  212  to a distal end of the first signal line SL 1  where it connects to the first odd-numbered barrier electrode OE 1 . The driver proximate part of SL 1  connects to the n-th odd-numbered barrier electrode OEn. 
     The barrier driving part  212  provides the proximate or second end of the first signal line SL 1  with a respective first voltage signal. Therefore, the first voltage signal is provided to the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE by way of the “short-path” first signal line SL 1 . 
     In one embodiment, the first voltage signal is swung between a predetermined maximum voltage level and a predetermined minimum voltage level. For example, the first voltage is swinged at a rate of 240 Hz. If the first voltage is maximal in a present frame, the first voltage may be minimal in the following frame. Thus the corresponding barrier areas of the second liquid crystal layer are alternatingly switched from a light passing to a light blocking mode on a frame by frame basis. 
     Ideally, the first voltage signal provided on the first end of the first odd-numbered barrier electrode OE 1  would always be the same level as the first voltage signal provided on the first end of the n-th odd-numbered barrier electrode OEn. However, as the display apparatus is made larger, and as a result the resistance of the first signal line SL 1  is increased, and as a result a substantial RC delay is imposed, the level of the first voltage signal provided on the first end of the first odd-numbered barrier electrode OE 1  may have a lower voltage level than the first voltage signal provided on the first end of the n-th odd-numbered barrier electrode OEn. Thus, a non-uniform blockage of crosstalk as between the left and right sides of the display apparatus may be generated. 
     Also, due to a RC delay along the vertical lengths of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE, the first voltage signal provided on the first end of the odd-numbered barrier electrode OE may have a lower voltage level than the first voltage signal provided on the second (distal) ends. Thus, a non-uniform blockage of crosstalk as between upper and lower sub-sections of the display area DA of the display apparatus may be generated. 
     The “long-path” second signal line SL 2  includes a first, second and third electrode segments or “sub-electrodes” SE 1 , SE 2  and SE 3 . 
     The first and third sub-electrodes SE 1  and SE 3  of SL 2  extend in the second direction D 2  and are parallel. 
     The first sub-electrode SE 1  includes a third end adjacent to the first odd-numbered barrier electrode OE 1  and a fourth end adjacent to the n-th odd-numbered barrier electrode OEn. The third sub-electrode SE 3  includes a fifth end facing the third end of the first sub-electrode SE 1  and a sixth end facing the fourth end of the first sub-electrode SE 1 . 
     The second sub-electrode SE 1  extends in the first direction D 1  and connecting a third end of the first sub-electrode SE 1  and a fifth end of the third sub-electrode SE 3 . 
     The first sub-electrode SE 1  is overlapped with a second end of the odd-numbered barrier electrode OE. The first sub-electrode SE 1  is electrically connected to the second end of the odd-numbered barrier electrode OE through the first contact holes H 1 . 
     The second signal line SL 2  surround the third signal line SL 3  and spaced apart from the third signal line SL 3 . The third signal line SL 3  is disposed between the first sub-electrode SE 1  and the third sub-electrode SE 3 . 
     The barrier driving part  212  is connected to a sixth end of the third sub-electrode SE 3  and provides the sixth end of the third sub-electrode SE 3  with the first voltage. Therefore, the first voltage signal is provided the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE through the third sub-electrode SE 3 , the second sub-electrode SE 2  and the first sub-electrode SE 3 . 
     A first voltage signal level provided on a second end of the n-th odd-numbered barrier electrode OEn is ideally the same as a first voltage signal level provided at a second end of the first odd-numbered barrier electrode OE 1 . However, as the display apparatus is made larger, the resistance of the second line SL 2  is increased, so that the first voltage signal level provided on the second end of the n-th odd-numbered barrier electrode OEn may have a lower voltage level than the first voltage signal provided on the second end of the first odd-numbered barrier electrode OE 1 . Thus, a crosstalk disparity between left and right of the display apparatus may be generated. 
     Also, due to a RC delay between the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE and the second common electrode CE, the first voltage provided on the second end of the odd-numbered barrier electrode OE may have a lower voltage than the first voltage provided on the first end. Thus, a crosstalk disparity between upper and lower of the display apparatus may be generated. 
     According to a present exemplary embodiment, the first signal line SL 1  provides the first end of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE with the first voltage signal in a third direction D 3 , a third direction D 3  is opposite to the second direction D 2 , and the second signal line SL 2  provides the second end of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE with the first voltage signal in the second direction D 2 , so that a voltage of the first voltage is compensated in between upper-lower and left-right of the display apparatus. Therefore, the first voltage may be substantially equally provided to the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE. Stated otherwise, each barrier electrode is supplied by way of both of its ends, with a combination of drive signals provided by way of a “long-path” route and by way of a “short-path” route so that disparity as to drive signals supplied to the differently located barrier electrodes and different segments along the length of each barrier electrode is eliminated or reduced. 
     The third signal line SL 3  extends in the second signal line SL 2  and is overlapped with a first end of the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE. The third signal line SL 3  is electrically connected to the first end of the even-numbered barrier electrode EE through the second contact holes H 2 . 
     The third signal line SL 3  faces a seventh end adjacent to the first even-numbered barrier electrode EE 1  and a seventh end of the third signal line SL 3 . The third signal line SL 3  includes an eighth end adjacent to the n-th even-numbered barrier electrode EEn. 
     The barrier driving part  213  is connected to an eighth end of the third signal line SL 3  and provides the eighth end of the third signal line SL 3  with a second voltage. The second voltage signal is different from a first voltage signal. The second voltage signal is provided to the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE through the third signal line SL 3 . 
     The second voltage signal is swinged to predetermined maximum voltage and predetermined minimum voltage. For example, the first voltage is swinged at a rate of 240 Hz. If the second voltage is maximal in present frame, the first voltage may be minimal in following frame. The second voltage is swinged in opposite with the first voltage. Therefore, the second voltage is different from a first voltage in a same frame. 
     A second voltage signal level provided on a first end of the first even-numbered barrier electrode EE 1  is ideally the same as a second voltage signal level provided a first end of the n-th even-numbered barrier electrode EEn. However, as the display apparatus is made larger, the resistance of the third line SL 3  is increased, so that the second voltage signal level provided on the first end of the first even-numbered barrier electrode EE 1  may have a lower voltage level than the second voltage signal provided on the first end of the n-th even-numbered barrier electrode EEn. Thus, a crosstalk disparity between left and right sides of the display apparatus may be generated. 
     Also, due to a RC delay between the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE and the second common electrode CE, the second voltage provided on the first end of the even-numbered barrier electrode EE may have a lower voltage than the second voltage provided on the second end. Thus, a crosstalk disparity between upper and lower of the display apparatus may be generated. 
     The fourth signal line SL 4  includes a fourth, a fifth and a sixth sub-electrode SE 4 , SE 5  and SE 6 . The fourth and the sixth sub-electrode SE 4  and SE 6  extend in the second direction D 2  and are paralleled each other. 
     The fourth sub-electrode SE 4  includes a ninth end adjacent to the first even-numbered barrier electrode EE 1  and a tenth end adjacent to the n-th even-numbered barrier electrode EEn. The fifth sub-electrode SE 5  includes an eleventh end faces the ninth end of the fourth sub-electrode SE 4  and a twelfth end faces the tenth end of the fourth sub-electrode SE 4 . 
     The fifth sub-electrode SE 5  extends in the first direction D 1  and connects the ninth end of the fourth sub-electrode SE 4  and eleventh end of the sixth sub-electrode SE 6 . 
     The fourth sub-electrode SE 4  is overlapped with a second end of the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE. The fourth sub-electrode SE 4  is electrically connected to the second end of the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE through the second contact hole H 2 . 
     The fourth signal line SL 4  surround the firth signal line SL 1  and spaced apart from the first signal line SL 1 . The first signal line SL 1  is disposed between the fourth sub-electrode SE 4  and the sixth sub-electrode SE 6 . 
     The barrier driving part  212  is connected to a twelfth end of the sixth sub-electrode SE 6  and provides the twelfth end of the sixth sub-electrode SE 6  with the second voltage. Therefore, the second voltage is provided the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE through the sixth sub-electrode SE 6 , the fifth sub-electrode SE 5  and the fourth sub-electrode SE 4 . 
     A second voltage signal level provided on a second end of the n-th even-numbered barrier electrode EEn is ideally the same as a second voltage signal level provided a second end of the first even-numbered barrier electrode E 1 . However, as the display apparatus is made larger, the resistance of the fourth line SL 4  is increased, so that the second voltage signal level provided on the second end of the n-th even-numbered barrier electrode EEn may have a lower voltage value than that of the first voltage signal provided on the second end of the first even-numbered barrier electrode EE 1 . Thus, a crosstalk disparity between left and right of the display apparatus may be generated. 
     Also, due to a RC delay between the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE and the second common electrode CE, the second voltage provided on the second end of the even-numbered barrier electrode EE may have a lower voltage than the second voltage provided on the first end. Thus, a crosstalk disparity between upper and lower of the display apparatus may be generated. 
     According to a present exemplary embodiment, the third signal line SL 3  provides the first end of the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE with the second voltage signal in a third direction D 3  and the fourth signal line SL 4  provides the second end of the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE with the second voltage signal in the second direction D 2 , so that a voltage of the second voltage is compensated in between upper-lower and left-right of the display apparatus. Therefore, the second voltage may be substantially equally provided to the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE. Stated otherwise, in one embodiment, each barrier electrode is supplied by way of both of its ends, with a combination of drive signals provided by way of a “long-path” route and by way of a “short-path” route so that disparity as to drive signal levels supplied to the differently located barrier electrodes and different segments along the length of each barrier electrode is eliminated or reduced. 
     The first, second, third and fourth signal lines SL 1 , SL 2 , SL 3  and SL 4  may include material same as a gate pattern material used for making the gate electrodes and gate lines, etc. of the display panel  100 . The first, second, third and fourth signal lines SL 1 , SL 2 , SL 3  and SL 4  may include at least one metal layer. 
     Also, the first, second, third and fourth signal lines SL 1 , SL 2 , SL 3  and SL 4  may include material same as a data pattern material including in making a source electrode, a drain electrode, data line, etc. of the device. 
     For example, the first, second, third and fourth signal line SL 1 , SL 2 , SL 3  and SL 4  may include a single metal layer, the single metal layer may include cooper, aluminum, etc. Also, the first, second, third and fourth signal lines SL 1 , SL 2 , SL 3  and SL 4  may include a first and second metal layer, the first metal layer may include titanium, the second metal layer may include cooper, aluminum, etc. 
     The first barrier substrate  210  may include a sealing member  219 . When the first barrier substrate  210  and the second barrier substrate  220  are combined, the sealing member  219  is disposed between the first barrier substrate  210  and the second barrier substrate  220  so as to contain liquid crystal material there between. The barrier electrodes BRE are disposed inside the liquid crystal containing area of the sealing member  219 . The sealing member  219  is disposed on a periphery area (PA) surrounding a display area (DA) displaying a stereoscopic image. Therefore, the sealing member  219  encloses the second liquid crystal layer  230 . 
     The sealing member  219  is overlapped with at least one of portions of a first and a second line P 1  and P 2  of the second signal line SL 2  and at least one of portions of a fourth and fifth line P 4  and P 5  of the fourth signal line SL 4 . 
     The sealing member  219  includes material which has lower permittivity than the permittivity of the second liquid crystal layer  230 . Therefore, a RC delay of the sealing member  219 , the second and the fourth signal line SL 2  and SL 4  may be decreased. 
     According to the present exemplary embodiment, the first and second signal lines SL 1  and SL 2  in combination provide equally to the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE with the first voltage signal, the third and fourth signal line SL 3  and SL 4  in combination provide equally to the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE with the second voltage signal, so that a deviation of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE and the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE may be decreased. 
       FIGS. 5A to 5C  are plan views illustrating one way of operating a barrier panel such as that of  FIG. 3 . 
       FIG. 5A  is a plan view illustrating a barrier panel in a first selective blocking mode for describing projection of a first eye (e.g., left-eye) 3-dimensional stereoscopic image mode. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 3 and 5A , when the first voltage signal is provided to the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE through the first and second signal line SL 1  and SL 2 , due to a difference between the first voltage signal and a common voltage (Vcom) provided to the second common electrode CE, the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer  230  disposed between the odd-numbered barrier electrode OE and the second common electrode CE is arranged to be in black or light blocking condition. Therefore, a light passing through the odd-numbered barrier electrode OE is blocked. 
     On the other hand, when the second voltage signal is provided to the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE through the third and fourth signal line SL 3  and SL 4 , due to a difference between the second voltage and a common voltage provided to the second common electrode CE, the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer  230  disposed between the even-numbered barrier electrode EE and the second common electrode CE are arranged in a white or light rays passing condition. Therefore, a light trying to pass through the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE is passed. 
     Therefore, an observer observing the display apparatus may see a 3-dimensional stereoscopic image passing an even barrier area EBA corresponded to the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE. The 3-dimensional stereoscopic image includes a first left eye image and a first right eye image, the first left eye image is provided to a left eye of an observer, the first right eye image is provided to a right eye of an observer. Due to a parallax between a left eye and right eye, the observer may perceive a 3-dimensional stereoscopic image. Because the barrier panel  200  blocks or reduced leakage light rays associated with the left or right eyed image that at the time is not to be projected, crosstalk between the left-eye and right-eye images is reduced. 
       FIG. 5B  is a plan view illustrating a barrier panel for describing a second 3-dimensional stereoscopic image mode. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 3 and 5B , when the first voltage signal is provided to the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE through the first and second signal line SL 1  and SL 2 , due to a difference between the first voltage and a common voltage provided to the second common electrode CE, liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer  230  disposed between the odd-numbered barrier electrode OE and the second common electrode CE is arranged in the white condition. Therefore, a light trying to pass through the odd-numbered barrier electrode OE is passed. 
     On the other hand, when the second voltage signal is provided to the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE through the third and fourth signal line SL 3  and SL 4 , due to a difference between the second voltage and a common voltage provided to the second common electrode CE, liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer  230  disposed between the even-numbered barrier electrode EE and the second common electrode CE are arranged in the black condition. Therefore, leakage lights trying to pass through the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE are blocked. 
     Therefore, an observer observing the display apparatus may see a 3-dimensional stereoscopic image passing an odd barrier area OBA corresponded to the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE. The 3-dimensional stereoscopic image includes a second left eye image and a second right eye image, the second left eye image is provided to a left eye of an observer, the second right eye image is provided to a right eye of an observer. Due to a parallax between a left eye and right eye, the observer may see a 3-dimensional stereoscopic image that is substantially free of crosstalk. 
     The first 3-dimensional stereoscopic image mode and the second 3-dimensional stereoscopic image mode are actuated in alternate time periods. For example, the first 3-dimensional stereoscopic image mode may be actuated during odd frames, the second 3-dimensional stereoscopic image mode may be actuated during even frames. 
     The first 3-dimensional stereoscopic image mode and the second 3-dimensional stereoscopic image mode may be high speed actuating at 240 Hz for example. 
     The odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE, the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE and the second common electrode may be actuated by way of AC signals. Therefore, power consumption may be decreased. 
       FIG. 5C  is a plan view illustrating a barrier panel for describing a 2-dimensional display mode. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 3 and 5C , when the barrier panel  200  is off, the barrier panel  200  displays a white condition. That is, a light passing the display panel  100  passes the odd barrier area OBA and even barrier area EBA of the barrier panel, so that an observer may see a 2-dimensional image provided by all the pixel columns of the display panel  100 . 
     According to the present exemplary embodiment, a first signal line SL 1  connected to a first end of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE and a second signal line SL 2  connected to a second end of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE are provide a signal in opposite direction, so that a generation of a cross talk disparity may be decreased. 
       FIG. 6  is a plan view illustrating a first barrier substrate of a display apparatus for display according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure of invention. The concept here is substantially the same, in other words, each barrier electrode is supplied by way of both of its ends, with a combination of drive signals provided by way of a “long-path” route and by way of a “short-path” route so that disparity as to drive signal levels supplied to the differently located barrier electrodes and different segments along the length of each barrier electrode is eliminated or reduced. 
     Referring to  FIG. 6 , a first barrier substrate  210 A of display apparatus includes a first base substrate  211 , odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE, even-numbered barrier electrodes EE, an insulation layer LY, a first signal line SL 1  having one end driven by a first barrier driving part  213 , a second signal line SL 5  having one end driven by a second barrier driving part  214 , a third signal line SL 3 , and a fourth signal line SL 6 . 
     In one embodiment, the first and second driving parts  213  and  214  are integrally formed directly on the first base substrate  211 . Alternatively, the first and second driving parts  213  and  214  are formed separately with the first base substrate  211 , so that the first and second driving parts  213  and  214  may be mounted on the first base substrate  211 . 
     The first signal line SL 1  is substantially the same as the first signal line according to a exemplary embodiment in  FIG. 1 . 
     The first barrier driving part  213  connects to a first end of the first signal line SL 1  and provides the first end of the first signal line SL 1  with a first voltage signal. Therefore, the first voltage is provided to the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE through the first signal line SL 1 . 
     The second signal line SL 5  faces a third end adjacent to the first odd-numbered barrier electrode OE 1  and a first end of the first signal line SL 1  and includes a fourth end adjacent to the n-th odd-numbered barrier electrode OEn. 
     The second barrier driving part  214  connects to a third end of the second signal line SL 5  and provides the third end of the second signal line SL 5  with the first voltage signal. Therefore, the first voltage signal is provided to the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE through the second signal line SL 5 . 
     The first signal line SL 1  provides the first end of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE with the first voltage signal in a third direction D 3 , a third direction D 3  is opposite to the second direction D 2 , and the second signal line SL 5  provides the second end of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE with the first voltage signal in the second direction D 2 , so that a voltage of the first voltage is compensated. Therefore, the first voltage may be substantially equally provided to the odd-numbered barrier electrodes OE. Stated otherwise, in one embodiment, each barrier electrode is supplied by way of both of its ends, with a combination of drive signals provided by way of a relatively “long-path” route and by way of a relatively “short-path” route from barrier driving parts ( 214 ,  213 ) disposed at opposed ends of the display area DA so that disparity as to drive signal levels supplied to the differently located barrier electrodes and different segments along the length of each barrier electrode is eliminated or reduced. 
     The third signal line SL 3  is substantially same as the third signal line according to a exemplary embodiment in  FIG. 1 . 
     The first barrier driving part  213  connects to a seventh end of the third signal line SL 3  and provides the seventh end of the third signal line SL 3  with a second voltage signal. Therefore, the second voltage signal is provided to the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE through the third signal line SL 3 . 
     The fourth signal line SL 6  faces a ninth end adjacent to the first even-numbered barrier electrode EE 1  and a ninth end of the fourth signal line SL 6  and includes a tenth end adjacent to the n-th even-numbered barrier electrode EEn. 
     The second barrier driving part  214  connects to a ninth end of the fourth signal line SL 6  and provides the ninth end of the fourth signal line SL 6  with the second voltage signal. Therefore, the second voltage signal is provided to the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE through the fourth signal line SL 6 . 
     The third signal line SL 3  provides the first end of the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE with the second voltage signal in a third direction D 3 , a third direction D 3  is opposite to the second direction D 2 , and the fourth signal line SL 6  provides the second end of the even-numbered barrier electrodes OE with the second voltage signal in the second direction D 2 , so that a voltage of the second voltage signal is compensated to be essentially the same level irrespective of where in the display area DA, the barrier electrode is located. Therefore, the second voltage signal may be substantially equally provided to the even-numbered barrier electrodes EE. 
     According to the present exemplary embodiment, the first barrier driving part  213  is disposed adjacent to the n-th odd-numbered barrier electrode OEn or the n-th even-numbered barrier electrode EEn, the second barrier driving part  214  is disposed adjacent to the first odd-numbered barrier electrode OE 1  or the first even-numbered barrier electrode EE 1 , so that a length of the second and fourth signal lines SL 2 A and SL 4 A may be decreased. 
     According to the present disclosure of invention, a first signal line connects to one end of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes and a second signal line connects to an opposed other end of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes so as to thereby provide a drive signal in opposite directions, so that a generation of a crosstalk disparity between upper and lower parts of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes may be decreased. 
     Also, a third signal line connects to one end of the even-numbered barrier electrodes and a fourth signal line connects to another end of the even-numbered barrier electrodes so as to thereby provide a drive signal in opposite directions from opposite ends of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes, so that a generation of a crosstalk disparity between upper and lower parts of the odd-numbered barrier electrodes may be decreased. 
     Therefore, a generation of a crosstalk disparity may be decreased substantially across the whole of the display area DA. 
     Also, a low permittivity sealing member is overlapped with the second signal lines, so that RC delay of the second signal lines may be decreased. And the sealing member is overlapped with the fourth signal line, so that RC delay of the fourth signal line may be decreased. 
     Therefore, a quality of display apparatus for display a stereoscopic image is improved.