Abstract:
An apparatus for inoculating a sample to or withdrawing a sample from a vessel or conduit includes a body with an internal collection chamber formed therein. A valve operating rod is movable to open and close an orifice in the collection chamber. The mechanism used to reciprocate the valve operating rod to open and close the orifice can be either manual and automatic. Furthermore, a drain passage having an opening in communication with the collection chamber is located adjacent to or below the opening of the orifice. An inlet passage having an opening in communication with the collection chamber is located above the opening of the drain passage. A seal is formed between the movable valve operating rod and the body, thereby separating and isolating certain mechanical parts of the valve from certain other process-contact parts of the valve. The seal is formed by one of seal glands, o-rings, flexible diaphragms or other device. Finally, a insulating jacket is provided to insulate the inside chambers of the valve from its surroundings. The insulating jacket can be thermal, electrical, magnetic and/or chemical. Specifically, the insulation can be insulating coatings, multiple wall constructions and the selection of materials of construction according to their properties.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 09/471,252, filed on Dec. 23, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,345,640, issued Feb. 12, 2002, which claims benefit to U.S. application Serial No. 60/113,936, filed Dec. 24, 1998. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to the field of sampling, feeding or inoculating of material from or to a vessel or conduit. 
     2. Description of Related Art 
     Quality products require precise control of many phases of a production process. It is also true that it is necessary to maintain the integrity of the process and to protect the surroundings from the process. While many advances have been made in the development of sensors for measuring the condition of a specific process on-line which will aid in maintaining this process integrity, many of the characteristics of processes still need to be measured off-line through the physical and/or chemical analysis of an actual sample of the process. The removal of the sample from the process has to be conducted in a way that will preserve the integrity of the process, the surrounding environment as well as the integrity and character of the sample itself. 
     In a related but different procedure, many processes require inoculation of seed organisms or catalysts into a process to initiate the conversion of a set of substrate materials into other process intermediates or a final product or set of products. Sometimes this seed material is a live organism, a component of a live organism or another form of catalyst. In any case, these materials frequently need to be added to a process in a way that maintains the integrity of the process, the materials being added and their source, the integrity of the surrounding environment, or, perhaps, all of these. 
     There are examples of devices in the prior art that provide a means to deliver or withdraw materials from a process while maintaining the integrity of the process, the sample or the feed material or the surrounding environment but these devices are restricted in their effectiveness, particularly in their abilities to maintain the integrity or character of either the sampled material or material being added to the process because these devices have designs that are optimized for use in certain physical orientations. When used in orientations other than those they are designed for, these devices frequently suffer from the presence of crevices, particularly between component joints exposed to the process, and from design features that inhibit free flow and drainage of flowable materials through the device, resulting in pooling within the device. Both the crevices and pooling phenomena result in material carryover from one sampling, feeding or inoculation episode to the next, causing the deterioration in quality of any subsequent material introduced through sampling, feeding or inoculating into these devices. 
     It is also the case that some of these devices are not designed to be reused or, if they are designed for reuse, must be removed from the process and cleaned and sometimes resterilized before being able to be used again with the process. 
     There is a need for an apparatus that can be fitted, either permanently or removably, into a process which will allow materials to be fed, inoculated to or sampled from a process through a device principally designed to provide access to the process from above but which may provide reasonably good access to a process when installed at angles from vertical to horizontal. It is also desirable that an embodiment of this device provide a means by which it can be washed and sterilized in place and a means by which the thermal and electrical conditions inside the device be generally insulated from those of the process into which it is inserted. It is further desirable that the device, when placed in installations from vertical to horizontal relative to the process, be able to accumulate flowable materials occurring in the device in an area where they may be expelled or washed out by the introduction of other flowable materials under pressure coming either from the process or a second source through another access into the device. 
     In the existing art, there are examples of devices that provide a means for adding materials to the process but do not provide a means for washing and resterilizing in place and for effectively draining sampled material or cleansing, rinsing or sterilizing solutions from within the device. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device which allows for the feeding or inoculating of a material into a process, and which can be easily washed and resterilized in place. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide a device which can be used in an orientation from the vertical to the horizontal and which can still effectively drain sampled material or cleansing, rinsing or sterilizing solutions from within the device. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide a device which enhances the free flow of material through the device in order to prevent the pooling of the material within the device. This prevents the contamination of the sampled material, material added to the process, or the process itself. 
     It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a device which can be reused over and over again, and which can be cleaned or sterilized without having to remove the device from the process. 
     The valve of the present invention is designed primarily to take samples from a vertical installation although it can be used effectively at angles of installation down to horizontal. The valve works by providing a collection basin or well at a lower portion of the collection chamber of the valve body of the dip tube valve assembly. A drain passage opening is provided adjacent to the opening of the orifice where the orifice opens into the collection chamber in the valve body. By arranging the opening to the drain passage even with or lower than the inside margin of the orifice opening, a flowable material inside the valve body, including the collection chamber, the inlet or drain passages, will drain down into the opening of the drain passage. When this valve is installed at a positive angle from the horizontal, up to and including the vertical, sample material will not passively drain out of it. 
     Material may be sampled through the valve by supplying overpressure to force material inside the vessel or conduit through the orifice and up and out through the drain passage. However, once the orifice is closed, this material will flow back down into the collection chamber of the valve. In order to fully remove sampled material from within the valve a flowable material must be fed through the inlet passage into the collection chamber after the sampling orifice has been resealed. The introduction of this material will displace or flush the sampled material collected in the bottom of the collection chamber, forcing the sampled material up and out of valve through the drain passage. 
     The collection basin or well formed at the bottom of the collection chamber enhances the removal of the sampled material, since the material remaining in the collection chamber flows into the collection basin or well to adjacent the opening of the drain passage. Therefore, when the flowable material is provided through the inlet, the sampled material which has collected at the opening of the drain passage can be easily removed. 
     In a first embodiment of the present invention, the axis of the inlet can be oriented non-parallel to a plane passing through the major diameter of an embodiment with a round internal collection chamber. This off-center introduction of the flowable material will create a vortex flow through the collection chamber, scouring the surfaces of the chamber and forcing any flowable material therein down to the opening in the drain passage and then up and out through the drain passage. 
     In a second embodiment of the present invention, the opening of the drain passage can be oriented in a similar but opposing fashion so as to open into the vortexing flow. The effect of this is to sweep material down, into and then up and out of the drain passage. 
     While the valve of the present invention is similar in many aspects to sample valve embodiments previously disclosed, one of which is the dependence on gravity to direct the flow of material down through the collection chamber and then down into the drain passage opening, the valve of the present invention differs in that previous designs were only capable of supplying the sampled material out of the valve through the drain passage to a sample vial simply by means of gravity flow. The dip tube valve assembly of the present invention; however, includes an active scouring motion provided by a second flowable material supplied through the inlet passage to generally remove and deliver all of the sampled material up through and out of the drain passage to a sample vial. 
     It should be noted that the device of the present invention can be used for sampling a material without an inlet passage. This can be accomplished through the use of over-pressure of the source of sampled material alone or through the use of over-pressured sample material followed by a second flowable material through the sampling orifice. While in the second instance, all of the sampled material might be removed up through the drain passage to a sample vial, in the first instance, once the sampling orifice is resealed, sampled materials in the interstices of the valve remain in the valve until either the next sampling episode or until other active methods are used to remove them. 
     The above objects have been accomplished by the dip tube valve assembly of the present invention. An apparatus for sampling or feeding a flowable material through a wall of a vessel or conduit includes a body; a collection chamber formed in said body; a drain passage, said drain passage having an opening operatively connected to said collection chamber; an orifice formed in said body and in communication with said collection chamber, said orifice being located generally adjacent the opening of the drain passage; and a sealing device for sealing and unsealing said orifice. 
     Further scope of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description given hereinafter. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description given hereinbelow and the accompanying drawings which are given by way of illustration only, and thus are not limitative of the present invention, and wherein: 
     FIG. 1 is a cross-section of the first embodiment of the dip tube valve assembly of the present invention, wherein the valve is in the closed position; 
     FIG. 2 is a detail of a lower portion of the embodiment of FIG. 1, wherein the valve is in the open position and no insulating jacket is included; 
     FIG. 3 is a cross-section of the dip tube valve assembly according to a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the valve is illustrated in a closed position; 
     FIG. 4 is a cross-section of the second embodiment of the present invention through the drain passage and the inlet passage; 
     FIG. 5 is a cross-section through the lower horizontal section of the drain passage; and 
     FIG. 6 is a cross-section of an alternative arrangement of the sealing tip of the present invention. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing. The same reference numerals have been used throughout the several views in order to identify the same or similar elements. 
     A first embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-section of the first embodiment of the dip tube valve assembly of the present invention, wherein the valve is in the closed position. FIG. 2 is a detail of a lower portion of the embodiment of FIG. 1, wherein the valve is in the open position and no insulating jacket is included. 
     Referring to FIG. 1, the dip tube valve assembly  1  includes a body  3  and a valve operating rod or shaft  5  mounted for reciprocation within the body  3 . 
     In the first embodiment, the body  3  includes a housing top  7  and a housing base  9  connected to each other through mutually engageable flanges  11  and  13  formed on the housing top  7  and housing base  9 , respectively. The flanges are preferably secured together by a clamp (not illustrated); however, any other fastening means can be used, such as a plurality of bolts extending through holes formed in the perimeter of the flanges  11  and  13 . A gasket  15  may be located between the flanges  11  and  13  in order to provide a sealed connection between the housing top  7  and the housing base  9 . 
     The housing base  9  includes a large diameter portion  17  and a small diameter portion  19  having cavities  21  and  23 , respectively formed therein. The small diameter portion  19  includes an inlet passage  25  connected thereto for introduction of the flowable material into the cavity  23 . The inlet passage  25  includes a flange  27  formed thereon for connecting to a source of the flowable material. Furthermore, the inlet passage  25  includes an opening  29  into the cavity  23 . The inlet passage  25  is preferably located offset with respect to a plane passing through an axis of the small diameter portion  19  in order to create a vortex flow through the collection chamber. The vortex flow through the collection chamber scours the surfaces of the collection chamber and forces any flowable material therein down to the opening in the drain passage and then up and out through the drain passage. 
     A flange  31  is mounted at an intermediate position on the small diameter portion  19  for connecting the dip tube valve assembly  1  to the wall of a vessel or conduit (not illustrated in FIGS.  1  and  2 ). As is well known, the vessel or conduit would include a flange (not illustrated) for cooperating with the flange  31  formed on the small diameter portion  19  for removably securing the dip tube valve assembly to the vessel or conduit. Alternatively, the body  3  may be welded or otherwise permanently affixed into the wall of the vessel or conduit somewhere along the outside surface of the small diameter portion  19  below the inlet passage  25 . There would be a smooth transition along the outside surface of the small diameter portion  19  in this case, since it would be unnecessary to provide the flange  31 . 
     It is noted that the “large diameter” and “small diameter” character of the portions  17  and  19  are not important. The only requirement is that the portions  17  and  19  include cavities  21  and  23  of a sufficient size to fit the mechanical elements within cavity  21  and to provide sufficient space for the free flow of material within cavity  23 . It is possible to make the small diameter portion  19  larger than the large diameter portion  17 , depending upon the application. 
     Referring specifically to FIG. 1, the small diameter portion  19  may also include an insulating jacket  33  which is formed by securing a cylinder around the small diameter portion, the cylinder having an inside diameter which is larger than an outside diameter of the small diameter portion  19 . A space  35  is formed between the insulating jacket  33  and the small diameter portion which can be filled with an insulating material or can merely be an air space. The insulating jacket  33  is not a required element of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, the dip tube valve assembly is illustrated without an insulating jacket  33 . The insulating jacket is useful in applications which require thermal, electrical or other insulation to insulate the internal portion of the dip tube valve assembly from the surrounding environment. In view of this, the insulating jacket can also be thermal, electrical, magnetic and/or chemical. Furthermore, the insulation can be carried out through the use of insulating coatings or other materials of construction selected according to their properties, as well as the multiple wall construction of the present embodiment. 
     Referring again to FIG. 1, the shaft  5  according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a main shaft portion  37  and a drain passage portion  39 . The main shaft portion  37  includes a handwheel  41  mounted on an end  43  thereof. A groove  45  is formed along one side of the main shaft portion  37  which engages with a pin  47  secured to the housing top  7 . The pin  47  prevents rotation of the main shaft portion  37 , but allows the main shaft  37  to reciprocate with respect to the housing top  7 . 
     The handwheel  41  includes an aperture  49  formed therein which includes threads  51  for threadably engaging threads  53  formed on an outside surface of the housing top  7 . The handwheel  41  is mounted to the end  43  of the main shaft portion  37  such that no rotation occurs between the handwheel  41  and the main shaft portion  37 . The attachment of the handwheel  41  to the main shaft portion  37  can be accomplished by any means which prevents rotation between the two members including press fitting, a screw, etc., all of which would be readily apparent to the ordinary artisan. 
     It is also noted that the present invention is not limited to the use of a handwheel; but any mechanism for causing reciprocating motion of the shaft  5  can be used. Furthermore, it is within the scope of the present invention to provide an automatic device rather than the manual handwheel illustrated. 
     The drain passage portion  39  of the shaft  5  is connected to the main shaft portion  37  by cooperating threads  55  and  57  respectively formed on the main shaft portion  37  and the drain passage portion  39 . The drain passage portion  39  includes a shoulder  59  formed thereon for securing a diaphragm  61  between the shoulder  59  and an end  63  of the main shaft portion  37 . The diaphragm  61  is secured around an outside perimeter thereof by being sandwiched between a shoulder portion  65  formed on the large diameter portion  17  and an inner cylinder  67  fitted within the cavity  21  of the large diameter portion  17 . The inner cylinder  67  is held in contact with the diaphragm  61  by the flange  11  when the flanges  11  and  13  are connected to each other. The inner cylinder  67  can be removed from the large diameter portion when the flanges  11  and  13  are separated from each other. This provides for easy removal and replacement of the diaphragm  61  in the case of wear. The diaphragm seals the cavity  21  formed in the large diameter portion  17  of the housing base  9  from the small diameter portion  19 , while allowing the shaft  5  to reciprocate within the housing base  9 . 
     It is noted that an o-ring (not illustrated) can be used as an alternative to the diaphragm of FIG.  1 . Furthermore, any other arrangement that provides an adequate seal between the shaft  5  and the housing base  9  can be used as well. 
     Referring to FIG. 2, the drain passage portion  39  also includes a drain passage  69  formed therethrough. A lower end  71  of the drain passage  69  includes a radial portion  75  which extends from a center of the drain passage portion  39  to an opening  73  formed on the outside surface of the drain passage portion  39 . The opening  73  is in communication with a collection chamber  74  formed at a bottom of the cavity  23  in the small diameter portion  19  of the housing base  9  when the dip tube valve assembly is in the closed position as illustrated in FIG.  1 . However, the opening  73  is in communication with an inside of the vessel or conduit (not illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2) when the dip tube valve assembly  1  is in the open position as illustrated in FIG.  2 . 
     The opening of the drain passage can be oriented offset with respect to a plane passing through the central axis of the drain passage in a similar but opposing fashion to the inlet passage so as to open into the vortexing flow. The effect of this is to sweep material down, into and then up and out of the drain passage. 
     It should be noted that a collection basin or well is formed at the bottom of the collection chamber  74  at the lowest point of the collection chamber  74 . In applications particularly useful for sampling, it is preferable to provide the lowest point in the collection chamber  74  immediately adjacent to the opening  73  of the drain passage  69 . This will ensure that the sampled material will accumulate at the opening  73  in order to enhance the removal of the material which has collected therein. 
     Furthermore, as best illustrated in FIG. 2, a screw portion  79  is formed on a lower end  77  of the drain passage portion  39 . This screw portion  79  is for threadably receiving a sealing tip  81  thereon. The sealing tip  81  is for sealing an orifice  83  formed at a lower end  85  of the small diameter portion  19  of the housing base  9  and includes a flexible outer covering  89  and a rigid internal portion  91 . The rigid internal portion  91  includes threads  92  formed therein for cooperating with the screw portion  79 . In addition, the lower end  85  of the small diameter portion  19  includes an internal shoulder  87  formed thereon for engaging with the flexible outer covering  89  of the sealing tip  81  in order to provide a sufficient seal therebetween. 
     It is noted that the sealing tip need not be secured in the manner illustrated in FIG. 1, but may be secured in any other manner that provides a sufficient connection between the drain passage portion  39  and the sealing tip  81 . For example, a nut may be threadably attached to the screw portion  79  from a lower surface of the sealing tip  81 . Furthermore, the seal between the orifice and the bottom of the shaft  5  need not be performed with the sealing tip  81  illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. It is only necessary that the shaft  5  include a sealing tip that can be brought into cooperation with the orifice in order to form a seal therebetween. This can be accomplished by a soft flexible seal as in FIGS. 1 and 2, a metal-to-metal seal, or other sealing device. 
     Referring again to FIG. 1, the main shaft portion  37  includes a drain passage  93  formed therethrough. The drain passage  93  communicates the drain passage  69  in the drain passage portion  39  to a drain outlet  95 . The drain outlet  95  can be welded to the main shaft portion  37  or can include threads (not illustrated) for engaging with threads (not illustrated) formed in the main shaft portion  37 . The drain outlet  95  includes a flange  97  formed thereon for connecting the drain outlet  95  to other equipment downstream for processing the flowable material supplied therethrough. The drain outlet  95  extends through an aperture  96  formed in the large diameter portion  17 . The aperture  96  is elongated in the longitudinal direction of the body  3  in order to provide for reciprocating movement of the drain outlet  95  along with the reciprocating movement of the shaft  5 . It is noted that the aperture  96  need only be large enough to allow for movement of the drain outlet  95 . 
     Alternatively, the drain outlet  95  can be attached directly to the large diameter portion  17 . A flexible tube can then attach the inside of the drain outlet  95  to the drain passage  93  formed in the main shaft portion  37 . The tube can be coiled in the cavity  21  in order to provide sufficient space to reciprocate the shaft  5 . 
     The operation of the first embodiment of the present invention will now be described. Referring to FIG. 1, the dip tube valve assembly  1  is in the closed position and ready for a feeding or a sampling process to take place. The sealing tip  81  is positioned in contact with the internal shoulder  87  of the small diameter portion  19 , forming a seal therebetween. 
     The valve is opened by rotating the handwheel  41  to move the shaft  5  in a longitudinal direction to position the sealing tip in the position illustrated in FIG.  2 . If a feeding process is desired, the flowable material is fed through the inlet passage  25 , through the collection chamber  74 , through the orifice  83  and into the vessel or conduit (not illustrated in FIGS.  1  and  2 ). If a sampling process is desired, the inlet passage  25  is closed upstream from the valve. This causes a vapor lock which inhibits back-filling into the cavity  23  of the small diameter portion  19  and causes the sampled material to flow up and out of the drain passage  69 , rather than the inlet passage  25 . Once the material is completely fed into the vessel or conduit or the sample is removed from the vessel or conduit, the valve is closed by rotating the handwheel  41  in an opposite direction to move the shaft  5  to the position illustrated in FIG.  1 . Any excess feeding or sampled material will drain down into the collection chamber, and due to the location of the opening  73  of the drain passage  69 , the material will collect at the bottom of the collection chamber adjacent to the opening  73  of the drain passage  69 . 
     Some processes or some steps of processes are carried out at lower pressures than ambient. As a result, a vacuum may be necessary to draw the sample up and out of the vessel or conduit and through the drain passage  69 . 
     If a sampling process was performed, it may be desirable to remove any of the remaining sample material which has collected adjacent the opening  73 . This is accomplished by feeding a flowable material, such as a gas, through the inlet passage  25 . Since the axis of the inlet passage  25  is oriented non-parallel to a plane passing through the major diameter of the body  3  of the dip tube valve assembly  1 , the flowable material creates a vortex flow through the cavity  23  to the opening  73  and through the drain passage  69 . The vortex flow scours the surfaces of the inlet passage  25 , cavity  23  and drain passage  69  in order to remove the remaining sample therefrom. 
     If it is desired to clean or sterilize the dip tube valve assembly, a cleaning or sterilizing solution can be fed through the inlet passage  25  and out of the drain passage  69 . If this cleaning or sterilizing solution is a liquid and it is desired to remove remaining solution from the collection chamber, it is possible to force the remaining solution therefrom by providing a flowable material through the inlet  25  in the same manner as above. 
     A second embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 3-5. FIG. 3 is a cross-section of the dip tube valve assembly according to the second embodiment, wherein the valve is illustrated in the closed position. FIG. 4 is a cross-section of the second embodiment through the drain passage and the inlet passage. FIG. 4 is illustrated with several of the elements removed, including the housing top, sealing tip and handwheel, for ease of understanding. FIG. 5 is a cross-section of FIG.  4  through the lower horizontal section of the drain passage. 
     The second embodiment of the present invention operates substantially the same as the first embodiment; however, the drain passage is located in the body of the dip tube valve assembly rather than in the reciprocating shaft. Elements which are the same as or similar to the first embodiment have been identified by the same reference numerals with  100  added thereto. 
     Referring to FIG. 3, the dip tube valve assembly  101  is secured to a vessel or conduit  102  through a flange  131  formed on the small diameter portion  119 . As noted above, a conventional vessel or conduit typically includes a flange formed thereon for easy installation of the dip tube valve assembly  101  of the present invention. 
     Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the dip tube valve assembly  101  includes a drain passage  169  formed in the small diameter portion  119  of the housing base  109 . The opening  173  of the drain passage  169  is formed on an inside wall  201  of the small diameter portion  119  adjacent to the orifice  183 . Furthermore, the inlet passage  125  is formed in the small diameter portion  119  at a location above the location of the opening  173 . 
     Referring to FIG. 3, the shaft  105  is a solid shaft which extends from the handwheel  141  to the sealing tip  181 . It is unnecessary to provide multiple pieces to the shaft  105 , since there is no passageway formed inside the shaft  105  as in the first embodiment. Forming the drain passage in the housing base, rather than in the shaft provides the advantage of manufacturing the shaft with a smaller diameter than the shaft of the first embodiment. However, as can be readily understood, it is necessary to make the thickness of the wall of the small diameter portion  119  in the second embodiment larger in order to accommodate the drain passage  169 . 
     The second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3 also includes a one-piece member  203  that acts as the diaphragm  61  and the flexible outer covering  89  of the first embodiment. Specifically, the one-piece member  203  includes a diaphragm portion  161  and a flexible outer covering  189 . In addition, the one-piece member  203  includes a connecting portion  205  which connects the diaphragm portion  161  to the flexible outer covering  189 . The one-piece member  203  of the second embodiment is advantageous, since only one piece is necessary to seal the orifice  183  and the end of the small diameter portion  119  adjacent to the large diameter portion  117 . However, it will be readily apparent that the diaphragm  61  and the flexible outer covering  89  of the first embodiment can be substituted in the second embodiment and the one-piece member  203  of the second embodiment can be used in the first embodiment. 
     FIG. 3 also includes an alternative way to secure the housing top  107  to the housing base  109 . A flange  111  is formed on the lower end of the housing top  107 . Furthermore, a plurality of threaded holes  207  (see FIG. 4) are formed in the upper surface of the housing base  109 . The flange  111  also includes holes (not illustrated) corresponding to the threaded holes  207  in the housing base  109 . A plurality of screw  209  are fitted in the threaded holes  207  to fasten the flange  111  to the housing base  109 . A gasket  115  may also be included between the flange  111  and the housing base  109  for proper sealing. Gasket  115  is not always necessary; however, it does help to form a second seal with the environment. It is noted that the above alternative can also be used in the first embodiment and the flanges and clamp of the first embodiment can be used in the second embodiment. 
     In FIG. 3, an alternative arrangement is illustrated to hold the diaphragm portion  161  in contact with the shoulder portion  165  of the large diameter portion  117 . A cylindrical member  167  has an aperture formed therein for receiving the shaft  105  and a bottom surface having a conical shape corresponding to the upper surface of the diaphragm portion  161 . Furthermore, a cylindrical member  168  is located above the cylindrical member  167  in order to force the diaphragm portion into contact with the shoulder portion  165  when the housing top  107  is connected to the housing base  109 . It should be noted that the cylindrical member  168  is not required, since the flange  111  of the housing top  107  can directly contact the cylindrical member  167  to hold the diaphragm portion  161  in place. 
     As an alternative to preventing rotation of the shaft  105  with respect to the housing top  107 , FIG. 3 illustrates a pin  147  fixed to the shaft  105  for engaging a keyway  148  formed in the housing top  107 . Specifically, an aperture is formed extending through the shaft  105 . This aperture receives pin  147  such that the pin extends outwardly from the shaft  105  on opposite sides of the shaft  105  (only one side of the pin  147  is illustrated). The ends of the pin engage in keyways  148  formed in the housing top  107  (only one keyway is illustrated). This allows the shaft  105  to reciprocate, while preventing the shaft from rotating when the handwheel  141  is rotated with respect to the housing top  107 . 
     FIGS. 3 and 4 also illustrate the use of an insulating jacket  133  which forms a space between the small diameter portion  119  and an inside of the insulation jacket  133  in order to insulate the flowable material within the dip tube valve assembly or to insulate the process from the repeated hot steam resterilization of the dip tube valve assembly, usually performed after each sampling or feeding episode. As noted above, the insulation jacket  133  is only necessary if used in an environment that requires that the flowable material be insulated. 
     Referring to FIG. 4, the drain passage  169  is illustrated in cross-section. The drain passage  169  includes a vertical section  211 , a curved portion  213 , an upper horizontal section  215  and a lower horizontal section  217 . It should be noted that the terms vertical and horizontal are used only for the purposes of description, since the dip tube valve assembly of the present invention is not required to be used in the position illustrated in the drawings. Furthermore, the upper horizontal section need not be horizontal, since it is preferable to have this section tilt downwardly in order to allow for material to drain out of the inside of the dip tube valve assembly  1  after the flowable material is turned off. The horizontal section  215  is attachable to downstream equipment in order to further process the flowable material. The lower horizontal section is formed by machining out the inside wall  201  of the small diameter portion  119 . A generally square section of the inside wall  201  is cut out from the edge of the orifice  183  toward the vertical section  211  as illustrated in FIG.  3 . The lower surface of the lower horizontal section  217  is generally even with or slightly angled downwardly from the edge of the orifice  183 . Furthermore, an additional portion  216  of the inside wall  201  is cut out in order to form a smooth transition from the inner wall  201  to the drain passage  169  and to ensure that the opening  173  of the drain passage  169  is sufficiently wide. Accordingly, when the flowable material is fed through the inlet passage  125  to the opening  173  of the drain passage  169 , the flowable material and any remaining feeding material, sampled material, or cleaning or sterilizing solution are thoroughly swept out of the drain passage  169 . 
     In the second embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to prevent any pooling of the material therein other than immediately adjacent to the opening  173 . Furthermore, since the lower horizontal section is formed generally even with the edge of the orifice  183 , and actually may slope downwardly from the orifice  183 , it is possible to provide for the pooling to occur in the lower horizontal section  217  itself, since the lower horizontal section  217  is lower than or even with the bottom of the collection chamber  174  in this embodiment. In the case where the lower horizontal section  217  is lower than the bottom of the collection chamber  174 , the lower horizontal section  217  forms the collection well, since the lower horizontal section  217  is the lowest point within the collection chamber  174 . 
     Referring to FIG. 3, since the sealing tip  181  is bulged upwardly at  219  due to the flexing of the flexible outer covering  189  when in the sealed position, any material remaining in the collection chamber  174  flows downwardly and into the horizontal section  217  of the drain passage  169 . 
     The embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4 is superior with regard to drainage of material being fed or sampled, even when the dip tube valve assembly is located such that the longitudinal direction of the body  103  is located nearly horizontal. Furthermore, this embodiment is superior with regard to cleaning of the interior between feeding and sampling episodes. 
     The above advantages of this embodiment can be particularly realized if the drain passage  169  is located very close to the collection chamber  174 , i.e., the wall between the drain passage  169  and the collection chamber  174  is made very thin and the opening  173  is made as small as possible. However, it should be noted that the opening  173  should not be made smaller than the drain passage  169 , since this would cause drain passage  169  to form a low energy “settling” zone with respect to the opening  173  and other possible areas. 
     Referring again to FIGS. 4 and 5, the drain passage  169  and the collection chamber  174  are connected by the opening  173  which includes the lower horizontal section  217 . The lower horizontal section  217  includes a wall  218  having a lower margin  220  which is co-linear with a tangent to the inside surface  201  of the collection chamber  174  at the orifice  183 . Furthermore, the lower margin  220  is co-linear with a tangent to the vertical section  211  of the drain passage  169 . The tangents to the inside surface  201  and the vertical section  211  are coplanar with the bottom of the lower horizontal section  217 . Furthermore, the lower margin  220  of the wall  218  is coplanar with a plane passing through the radial seal between the orifice  183  and the sealing tip  181 . This configuration will make the dip tube valve assembly  101  the most effective at concentrating material for the purpose of cleaning and flushing near the opening  173  of the drain passage  169  at all angles of installation from the vertical down to near-horizontal, whether the device is used for sampling or feeding. 
     Referring specifically to FIG. 5, the lower margin  220  of the wall  218  is clearly illustrated extending from the inside wall  201  to the vertical section  211  of the drain passage  169 . The bulging portion of the sealing tip  181  is raised with respect to the bottom of the lower horizontal section  217 . Accordingly, the material in the collection chamber  174  flows from the sealing tip  181  and into the lower horizontal section  217 . 
     The above aspects of the embodiment of FIGS. 3-5 can be better understood with the following explanation. If a flushing gas is introduced radially at the top of the collection chamber  174 , the vortexing flow created will tend to scour the surfaces of the interior of the body  103  and carry the material down the inside wall  201 , including the lower outside margin of the inside wall  201  where it is coplanar with the lower outside wall of the vertical section  211  of the drain passage  169  and the lower margin  220 . Because of this, the material being carried along by the flushing gas will tend to flow into the drain passage and up and out of the body  103 . 
     Since the drain passage in this embodiment is located radially outwardly from the collection chamber  174 , the centripetal force caused by the vortexing flow naturally causes the material to be flushed to move outwardly toward the drain opening  173 . 
     The drainage of the body  103  will only be most enhanced if it is installed at angles that tilt the body  103  back from the vertical on an axis formed by the lower margin  220  of the wall  218 . Specifically, if the body  103  is installed at an angle less than the vertical, gravity will tend to collect the material along the lower margin  220  of the wall  218 , i.e., at the intersection of the wall  218  and the bottom wall of the lower horizontal section  217 . 
     An alternative arrangement of the sealing tip of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG.  6 . The embodiment of FIG. 6 is generally the same as the embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, except for the fact that the shaft  105  is held in compression, rather than in tension to seal the orifice  183 . Furthermore, the sealing tip  181  is similar to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. The same reference numerals have been used in the embodiment of FIG. 6 that have been used in the embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4. 
     Referring to FIG. 6, the sealing tip  181  is located in the closed position, wherein the flexible outer covering  189  is located in sealing contact with an inner shoulder  219  to seal the orifice  183 . The inner shoulder  219  is formed by a wall extending inwardly from the inside wall  201  of the small diameter portion  119 . In order to open the orifice  183 , the shaft  105  is moved upwardly in FIG. 6 to move the sealing tip  181  away from the inner shoulder  219 . 
     The inner shoulder is illustrated in FIG. 6 such that the upper surface  221  is generally horizontal. However, the upper surface  221  can be sloped either upwardly or downwardly, depending upon the application. If the upper surface  221  is sloped upwardly, the embodiment of FIG. 6 would be more advantageous if used as a sampling device, since the remaining sampled material would settle at the opening  173 . If the upper surface  221  is sloped downwardly toward the orifice  183 , the embodiment of FIG. 6 would be more advantageous if used a feeder/innoculator, since the material being fed would drain down into the orifice. 
     With regard to the insulating jacket  133  in FIG. 6, as noted above, the insulating jacket  133  is only necessary in applications that require insulation. Further to this, the space  135  formed by the insulating jacket is illustrated in the form of a cylinder. However, this space  135  can also include a horizontal opening extending inwardly from the space  135  toward the orifice  183  in order to further insulate the process from the dip tube valve assembly  101 . A horizontal space would be most useful in pharmaceutical or food applications where the repeated sterilizing from steam can heat up the material in the vessel above a desired temperature. 
     It should be noted that the above embodiments in FIGS. 1-5 are illustrated as being formed from concentric cylindrical members secured to each other such that the shafts  5 ,  105  are located at the center of the cylinders. However, it is possible to form the body  3 ,  103  of the dip tube valve assembly  1 ,  101  of asymmetric or irregular shaped pieces. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, it is possible to narrow the wall of the small diameter portion  119  on the side opposite to the drain passage  169  such that the shaft  105  is located more toward the side opposite to the drain passage  169 . This will provide a dip tube valve assembly having a smaller cross-sectional area. 
     The invention being thus described, it will be obvious that the same may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.