Abstract:
A transport landing vehicle for transferring an astronaut to and from an extraterrestrial mass such as a moon, asteroid, or small planet is disclosed. The transport landing vehicle has a cage that is substantially open to the outside environment.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/960,949 filed on Oct. 1, 2013, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention generally relates to a transport landing vehicle for use on an extraterrestrial mass to transport astronauts to and from the surface of the mass. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The Earth&#39;s atmosphere and gravity present several issues for spacecraft launched from, or landing on, Earth. For example, it is necessary to achieve a high velocity to escape Earth&#39;s gravitational pull. Objects traveling at high velocities in Earth&#39;s atmosphere experience significant resistance and friction. As a result, special geometries and heat shielding is required. This also true of spacecraft reentering Earth&#39;s atmosphere. If the heat shielding or the geometries are not precise, then the spacecraft could experience a catastrophic failure. However, not all extraterrestrial masses share characteristics of Earth&#39;s atmosphere. 
     Extraterrestrial masses such as a moon, asteroid, or small planet, often have little if any atmosphere and far less gravity that Earth. These variations afford a unique opportunity to develop a class of spacecraft that have less mass and are not bound by the strict geometry of spacecraft launched from Earth. Moreover, the new type of spacecraft can be custom tailored to the needs of habitable bases located on these masses. 
     What is needed is a transit craft that can act as a transport landing vehicle for astronauts to and from the surface of an extraterrestrial mass. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     A transport landing vehicle for transferring an astronaut to or from an extraterrestrial mass is disclosed. There is an astronaut housing comprised of a cage having a top and a bottom, a plurality of side panels attached to the cage, at least one stand within the cage, and a control panel within the cage. The cage is substantially open to the environment of the extraterrestrial mass. 
     There is also a body having an outer surface, a top, a bottom, and a door for astronauts to enter into the body. There is an access port through the top of the body and the access port is aligned with an access port through the bottom of the cage for the astronaut to transition from the inside of the body to the cage. 
     A plurality of landing gears are disposed on the outer surface of the body and there are a plurality of thrusters disposed on the outer surface of the body. 
     A plurality of fuel containers are also disposed substantially on the outer surface of the body. On the bottom of the body is a nozzle. 
     In operation, an astronaut enters the body through the door, transitions into the cage and is secured to the stand, and operates the control panel for launching the transport landing vehicle. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The invention is generally shown by way of reference to the accompanying drawings in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a side view of the transport landing vehicle; 
         FIG. 2  is another side view of the transport landing vehicle; and 
         FIG. 3  is a view of transport landing vehicle having landed on an extraterrestrial mass. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       FIG. 1  is a side view of the transport landing vehicle  10 . There is a cage  12  connected to a number of panels  18 . The cage  12  is substantially open the outside environment whether it is an extraterrestrial mass, space, or the inside of a larger spacecraft. In one embodiment, the cage is a skeletal type structure. Within the cage is at least one stand  14  for supporting an astronaut during flight. The stand  14  can include securing means such as straps to hold the astronaut in place. There is also a control panel  16  within the cage  12 . The cage also has a top  13  and bottom  15 . 
     The control panel  16  allows the astronaut to monitor and operate the transport landing vehicle. There is also a computer operated mode that involves navigational operations such as stabilization and control of acceleration and direction. In one embodiment, an astronaut could choose a variety of manual and computer assisted functions from the control panel. The control panel  16  can display the status of the vehicle including the amount of fuel and oxidizer available, results of diagnostic testing, landing gear status, and other mission information. The cage and panels form an astronaut housing  19 . The bottom of the housing has an access port. 
     The transport landing vehicle  10  can also operate remotely through the use of communications equipment and a radar coupled to a computer. The housing is attached to the body  20  of the transport landing vehicle  10 . The body  20  has a top  21  and bottom  40 . There are several fuel and oxidizer containers  26  attached to substantially the outside of the body  20 . The fuel and oxidizer is provided to a number of maneuvering thrusters  22  and the nozzle  28 . The maneuvering thrusters  22  assist directing the vehicle during flight as part of means to conform to a flight plan and to stabilize the vehicle in connection with means such as a gyroscope. The nozzle  28  provides the primary containers thrust to launch the vehicle  10 . 
     There are also several landing gears  24  on the outside of the body  20 . In one embodiment, the landing gears can be transitioned from an inflight state to a deployed state for landing. In other embodiments, the landing gear may remain in substantially one state that does not need to be transitioned to an inflight state. 
     Turning to  FIG. 2 , the transport landing vehicle  10  also has a door  30 . In operation, an astronaut enters the door  30  to access the interior of the body  20 . Then the astronaut moves through an access port in the top of the body that is in alignment with an access port in the bottom of the housing  19 . In one embodiment, the inside of the body could would have a ladder for the astronaut to use to move into the astronaut housing  19 . Once inside the astronaut housing, the astronaut is secured to a stand  14 . In one embodiment, the astronaut could be secured using straps. 
       FIG. 1  identifies an embodiment where the landing gears  24  are retracted for flight and  FIG. 2  illustrates the landing gears  24  being extended for landing. In this embodiment, there are armatures  36  that act to extend and retract a first strut  32  and a second strut  34  and the second strut has a pad  38 . Further identified in this embodiment, the second strut  34  fits within the first strut  32 . 
     In operation of this embodiment, the overall strut length is varied to level the transport landing vehicle on a surface such as an extraterrestrial mass. This can be accomplished by numerous means such as springs and hydraulics. 
     In another embodiment, there could be a gate like structure as part of the cage  12  that could be opened and used with a ramp for the Astronaut to use to access the astronaut housing  19 . In this fashion the inside of the body could be used to transport supplies and equipment. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates two transport landing vehicles on an alien landscape. The horizon of the landscape  10  is visible. 
     The size of the transport landing vehicle  10  can vary to accommodate a number of astronauts and supplies. The preferred embodiment is a size to house for astronauts. 
     While embodiments have been described in detail, it should be appreciated that various modifications and/or variations may be made without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. In this regard it is important to note that practicing the invention is not limited to the applications described herein. Many other applications and/or alterations may be utilized provided that such other applications and/or alterations do not depart from the intended purpose of the invention. Also, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to provide yet another embodiment such that the features are not limited to the embodiments described herein. Thus, it is intended that the invention cover all such embodiments and variations. Nothing in this disclosure is intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.