Abstract:
The present disclosure provides a method of manufacturing a package structure. The method includes: providing a plurality of conductive portions and a light emitting element; encapsulating the light emitting element and the conductive portions by an encapsulant with a lateral surface of the light emitting element electrically insulated from the conductive portions; electrically connecting the light emitting element to the conductive portions by a conductive element. Accordingly, several methods can be selected to form the conductive element with no conventional limitations. The present disclosure further provides a package structure and a carrier.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The present disclosure relates to a packaging structure and a manufacturing method thereof, and, more particularly, to a light emitting package structure and a manufacturing method thereof. 
         [0003]    2. Description of Related Art 
         [0004]    With the booming development in the electronic industry, electronic products gradually become compact in form, and the research is focused on the functionality pursuits for high performance, high functionality, and high processing speed. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are variously employed in electronic products that require lighting due to the advantages of long lifecycle, small volume, high shock resistance, and low power consumption. Therefore, the application of LEDs becomes popular in industry, various electronic products, and appliances. 
         [0005]      FIGS. 1A-1B  illustrate sectional scheme views of a method for manufacturing an LED package  1  according to conventional art. The method includes: forming a reflection cup  11  having an opening  110  on a substrate  10 ; disposing an LED element  12  in the opening  110 , followed by utilizing a plurality of wires  120  such as golden wires to electrically connect the LED element  12  to the substrate  10 ; and encapsulating the LED element  12  with an encapsulant  13  having a phosphor powder layer. 
         [0006]    However, in the method for manufacturing the LED package  1  according to the conventional art, the encapsulant  13  is formed after performing an electrical connection process. Accordingly, a lateral surface of the LED element  12  has no insulating material during the electrical connection process. As such, only the wire bonding process (e.g., forming the wires  120 ) can be selected. If a conductive adhesive is used, the conductive adhesive will tend to overflow to the lateral surface of the LED element  12 . Consequently, a front surface (i.e., the P pole) and a lateral surface (i.e., the N pole) of the LED element  12  will be electrically connected and become short. 
         [0007]    Therefore, the selection for a conductive element of the conventional LED package  1  is limited. Accordingly, how to overcome the issue of the limited selection for the conductive element in the prior art has become the problem desired to be solved. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0008]    In view of the above-described drawbacks of the conventional art, the present disclosure provides a package structure, comprising: a light emitting element having an emitting side, a non-emitting side opposing to the emitting side, and a lateral surface adjacent the emitting side and the non-emitting side; an encapsulant directly covering the lateral surface of the light emitting element with the emitting side of the light emitting element exposed from the encapsulant; a plurality of conductive portions coupled into the encapsulant with a space between the lateral surface of the light emitting element and the conductive portions filled by the encapsulant; and at least one conductive element disposed on a surface of the encapsulant and electrically connecting the light emitting element with the conductive portions. 
         [0009]    The present disclosure further provides a method of manufacturing a package structure, comprising: providing a plurality of conductive portions and at least one light emitting element, wherein the light emitting element has an emitting side, a non-emitting side opposing to the emitting side, and a lateral surface adjacent the emitting side and the non-emitting side; encapsulating the light emitting element and the conductive portions by an encapsulant, wherein the encapsulant covers the lateral surface of the light emitting element with a space between the lateral surface of the light emitting element and the conductive portions filled by the encapsulant and the emitting side of the light emitting element exposed from the encapsulant; and disposing at least one conductive element on a surface of the encapsulant to electrically connect the light emitting element with the conductive portions. 
         [0010]    The present disclosure also provides a carrier, comprising: at least one placement portion; and a plurality of conductive portions, wherein on the same level basis with the placement portion, the conductive portions have a height higher than a height of the placement portion. 
         [0011]    From the foregoing, the package structure and the method of manufacture thereof provide electrical isolation of the lateral surface of the light emitting element from other portions by covering the lateral surface of the light emitting element with an encapsulant. Accordingly, several methods for forming the conductive elements can be selected, thereby overcoming the issue with regard to limited selection for conductive elements in conventional art. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0012]      FIGS. 1A-1B  illustrate sectional scheme views of a method for manufacturing an LED package according to the conventional art; 
           [0013]      FIGS. 2A-2G ″ illustrate sectional scheme views of a method for manufacturing a package structure according to the present disclosure, wherein  FIG. 2B ′ is a top view of 
           [0014]      FIG. 2B ;  FIG. 2D ′ is another embodiment of  FIG. 2D ;  FIG. 2E ′ is a different embodiment of  FIG. 2E ; and  FIGS. 2G ′ and  2 G″ are different embodiments of  FIG. 2G ; 
           [0015]      FIGS. 3A-3C  illustrate sectional scheme views of another embodiment of a method for manufacturing a package structure according to the present disclosure; 
           [0016]      FIGS. 4A-4C ′ illustrate sectional scheme views of another embodiment of a method for manufacturing a package structure according to the present disclosure, wherein FIG.  4 C′ is another embodiment of  FIG. 4C ; 
           [0017]      FIGS. 5A-5B  illustrate sectional and top scheme views of a package structure according to the present disclosure; 
           [0018]      FIGS. 6A-6D  illustrate sectional scheme views of another embodiment of a method for manufacturing a package structure according to the present disclosure; 
           [0019]      FIGS. 7A-7D  illustrate sectional scheme views of another embodiment of a method for manufacturing a package structure according to the present disclosure; 
           [0020]      FIGS. 8A-8B  illustrate sectional and top scheme views of another embodiment of a package structure according to the present disclosure; and 
           [0021]      FIG. 9  illustrates a sectional scheme view of another embodiment of a package structure according to the present disclosure. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0022]    The following illustrative embodiments are provided to illustrate the disclosure of the present disclosure. These and other advantages and effects can be apparently understood by those in the art after reading the disclosure of this specification, and can be performed or applied by other different specific embodiments. 
         [0023]    The structures, proportions, and sizes illustrated in the appended drawings of the specification of the present disclosure are merely for coping with the disclosure of the specification, in order to allow those skilled in the art to conceive and peruse it. The drawings are not for constraining the limitations of the present disclosure. Any structural modifications, alterations of proportions and adjustments of sizes, as long as not affecting the effect brought about by the present disclosure and the purpose achieved by the present disclosure, should fall within the range encompassed by the technical content disclosed in the present disclosure. Also, the referred terms such as “on,” “first,” “second” and “one” in this specification are only for the convenience to describe, not for limiting the scope of the embodiments in the present disclosure. Those changes or adjustments of relative relationship without substantial changes of the technical content should also be considered within the category of implementation. 
         [0024]    Please refer to  FIGS. 2A-2G ″, illustrating sectional scheme views of a method for manufacturing a package structure according to the present disclosure. 
         [0025]    As shown in  FIG. 2A , a metal substrate  20 ′ is provided, and the substrate  20 ′ has a first side  20   a  and a second side  20   b  opposing to the first side  20   a.    
         [0026]    As shown in  FIGS. 2B and 2B ′, etching and half-etching techniques are used to remove a portion of the material of the first side  20   a  of the substrate  20 ′ to form a plurality of placement portions  201 . The first side  20   a  of the substrate  20 ′ and other portions of the first side  20   a  of the substrate  20 ′ which are not removed is utilized as a plurality of conductive portions  200 , where a plurality of openings  202  and trenches  203  penetrating from the first side  20   a  of the substrate  20 ′ to the second side  20   b  of the substrate  20 ′, so as to form a plurality of carriers  20  such as lead frames. 
         [0027]    In this embodiment,  FIG. 2B  is a sectional view of  FIG. 2B ′ along the line B-B. Since the manufacturing process for a periphery of each of the carriers  20  are identical, only one single carrier  20  is illustrated for convenience. 
         [0028]    Moreover, each carrier  20  has at least one placement portion  201  and a plurality of conductive portions  200 , and the placement portion  201  and the plurality of conductive portions  200  are in a same level reference such as a horizontal line “X” shown in  FIG. 2B . The conductive portions  200  have a height “H” substantially larger than a height “h” of the placement portion  201 . For example, the height “H” of the conductive portions  200  may be 300 μm, the height “h” of the placement portion  201  may be 130 μm, and the height “H” of the conductive portions  200  is no larger than 300 μm. 
         [0029]    Also, the opening  202  is at a periphery of the placement portion  201 , and the trench  203  serves as a cutting way. 
         [0030]    In addition, a portion of the first side  20   a  of the substrate  20 ′ is removed to from a connection portion  204 , and a penetrating portion is formed in the substrate  20 ′ to serve as a positioning hole  205  which facilitates a subsequent placement for a light emitting element. 
         [0031]    As shown in  FIG. 2C , a light emitting element  21  is disposed on the placement portion  201  of the carrier  20 . 
         [0032]    In this embodiment, the light emitting element  21  is a light emitting diode, having a non-emitting side  21   b  coupled to the placement portion  201 , an emitting side  21   a  opposite to the non-emitting side  21   b,  and a lateral surface  21   c  adjacent the non-emitting side  21   b  and the emitting side  21   a.  The emitting side  21   a  has a plurality of electrodes  210  thereon, and the non-emitting side  21   b  can serve as a heat dissipating side of the light emitting element  21 . 
         [0033]    In an embodiment, the emitting side  21   a  of the light emitting element  21  is leveled with upper surfaces of the conductive portions  200  of the carrier  20 . 
         [0034]    Further, the conductive portions  200  are at exteriors of left and right lateral surfaces  21   c  of the light emitting element  21  as shown in  FIG. 2B ′. However, the positions of the conductive portions  200  can be designed upon actual needs, and are not limited thereto. 
         [0035]    As shown in  FIG. 2D , an encapsulant  22  is formed on the carrier  20 , such that the encapsulant  22  encapsulates the light emitting element  21  and the placement portion  201  and directly covers the lateral surface  21   c  of the light emitting element  21 . Also, the encapsulant  22  is formed between the lateral surface  21   c  of the light emitting element  21  and the conductive portions  200 . The encapsulant  22  has a first surface  22   a  and a second surface  22   b  opposing to the first surface  22   a,  and the emitting side  21   a  of the light emitting element  21  and the upper surfaces  200   a  of the conductive portions  200  are exposed from the first surface  22   a  of the encapsulant  22 . 
         [0036]    In this embodiment, the encapsulant  22  is silicone, such as white glue, and thus the light only exits from the emitting side  21   a  of the light emitting element  21 . Alternately, the encapsulant  22  can be, for example, transparent silicone, such that the light exits from the emitting side  21   a  and the lateral surface  21   c  of the light emitting element  21 . The encapsulant  22  is further formed in the opening  202 , as well as in the trench  203 . 
         [0037]    In an embodiment, the upper surface  200   a  of the conductive portion  200  and the emitting side  21   a  of the light emitting element  21  are leveled with the first surface  22   a  of the encapsulant  22 . 
         [0038]    Also, as shown in  FIG. 2D ′, a release film  30  is attached on an interior surface of a mold  3 , such that the release film  30  is attached on the emitting side  21   a  and the upper surfaces  200   a  of the conductive portions  200 . Accordingly, after the encapsulant  22  is formed and both the mold  3  and the release film  30  are removed, it can be ensured that both the emitting side  21   a  of the light emitting element  21  and the upper surfaces  200   a  of the conductive portions  200  are exposed from the first surface  22   a  of the encapsulant  22 . 
         [0039]    As shown in  FIG. 2E , a conductive element  23 , such as a conductive adhesive or a platted metal wiring, is formed on the first surface  22   a  of the encapsulant  22 , such that the conductive element  23  electrically connects the electrodes  210  of the light emitting element  21  to the upper surfaces  200   a  of the conductive portions  200 . 
         [0040]    In this embodiment, the conductive element  23  is a conductive adhesive such as silver glue or copper paste, which is formed by coating. Since the encapsulant  22  covers the lateral surface  21   c  of the light emitting element  21  which adjacent the non-emitting side  21   b  and the emitting side  21   a,  when the conductive adhesive is utilized as the conductive element  23 , the conductive adhesive will not overflow to the lateral surface  21   c  of the light emitting element  21 . As such, the electrode  210  of the light emitting element  21  does not electrically conduct with an electrode (not shown) of the lateral surface  21   c,  so as to prevent from a short circuit. 
         [0041]    In addition, a wire bonding process can be selected, where the conductive element  23 ′ is a conductive wire, as shown in  FIG. 2E ′. 
         [0042]    As shown in  FIG. 2F , a phosphor layer  24  having a plurality of phosphor powders  240  is formed on the first surface  22   a  of the encapsulant  22 , so as to cover the emitting side  21   a  of the light emitting element  21 , the upper surfaces  200   a  of the conductive portions  200 , and the conductive element  23 . 
         [0043]    In this embodiment, the conductive adhesive serves as the conductive elements  23  for connecting the light emitting element  21  and the conductive portions  200 . Accordingly, there is no need to consider the curvature of the conventional wire, and thus the phosphor layer  24  can be thinned according to actual needs in order to reduce the height of the overall structure. 
         [0044]    As shown in  FIG. 2G , a protection layer (not shown) for protecting the phosphor layer  24  or a light transmitting layer  25  of lens is formed on the phosphor layer  24 , and a cutting process is performed along the trench  203  as shown in  FIG. 2B ′. Accordingly, a plurality of light emitting package structures  2  are produced, and the conductive portions  200  and the connection portion  204  are inlaid at the lateral surfaces of the encapsulant  22 , such that the conductive portions  200  and the connection portion  204  are exposed from the lateral surfaces of the encapsulant  22 . 
         [0045]    Moreover, if the process shown in  FIG. 2G  is followed by the process shown in  FIG. 2E ′, a package structure T shown in  FIG. 2G ′ would be obtained. 
         [0046]    In addition, as shown in the package structure  2 ″ of  FIG. 2G ″, the phosphor powders  240  may be concentrated at one side of the phosphor layer  24 ″. 
         [0047]      FIGS. 3A-3C  illustrate sectional scheme views of another embodiment of a method for manufacturing a package structure according to the present disclosure. 
         [0048]    As shown in  FIG. 3A , a carrier is formed from a metal substrate by etching and semi-etching processes. The carrier has a plurality of conductive portions  300  and a placement portion  301  formed on one end of the conductive portions and inwardly extended. As illustrated in  FIG. 3A , the placement portions  301  extending to each other are formed on respective ends of two conductive portions  300 , and the placement portions  301  extending to each other do not contact each other. 
         [0049]    As shown in  FIG. 3B , a light emitting element  31  is disposed on the placement portion  301 . The light emitting element  31  is a light emitting diode having a non-emitting side  31   b  coupled to the placement portion  301 , an emitting side  31   a  opposing to the non-emitting side  31   b,  a lateral surface  31   c  adjacent the non-emitting side  31   b  and the emitting side  31   a.  The non-emitting side  31   b  has a plurality of electrodes  310  thereon, such that the light emitting element  31  is disposed and electrically connected to the placement portion  301  in a flip-chip manner. 
         [0050]    An encapsulant  32 , such as silicone or white glue, covering the lateral surface  31   c  of the light emitting element  31  is then formed, and the emitting side  31   a  of the light emitting element  31  and the conductive portions  300  are exposed from the encapsulant  32 . 
         [0051]    As shown in  FIG. 3C , a phosphor layer  34  may then be formed on the emitting side  31   a  of the light emitting element  31 . In an embodiment, a protection layer or a light transmitting layer  35  may be further formed on the phosphor layer. 
         [0052]      FIGS. 4A-4C ′ illustrate sectional scheme views of another embodiment of a method for manufacturing a package structure according to the present disclosure. 
         [0053]    As shown in  FIG. 4A , a carrier having a plurality of conductive portions  400  and a light emitting element  41  are disposed on a carrying member  46 . The carrying member  46 , for example, is a release film. 
         [0054]    The light emitting element  41  is a light emitting diode having a non-emitting side  41   b  coupled to the carrying member  46 , an emitting side  41   a  opposing to the non-emitting side  41   b,  and a lateral surface  41   c  adjacent the non-emitting side  41   b  and the emitting side  41   a.  The non-emitting side  41   b  has a plurality of electrodes  410  thereon. 
         [0055]    As shown in  FIG. 4B , an encapsulant  42 , such as silicone or white glue, covering the lateral surface  41   c  of the light emitting element  41  is then formed, and the emitting side  41   a  of the light emitting element  41  and the conductive portions  400  are exposed from the encapsulant  42 . 
         [0056]    A phosphor layer  44  may then be formed on the emitting side  41   a  of the light emitting element  41 . In one embodiment, a protection layer or a light transmitting layer  45  may be further formed on the phosphor layer  44 . 
         [0057]    As shown in  FIG. 4C , the carrying member  46  is removed, and the light emitting element  41  and the conductive portions  400  are electrically connected by conductive members  43 . 
         [0058]      FIG. 4C ′ illustrates a sectional scheme view of another embodiment of a package structure according to the present disclosure. The package structure of this embodiment is substantially equivalent to previous package structures, except that a curved surface or beveled surface  400   a  is formed at one side of a conductive portion  400  corresponding to the light emitting element  41 , and a transparent encapsulant  42  is formed between the conductive portion  400 ′ and the light emitting element  41  for reflecting light from a light source at a lateral surface of the light emitting element  41 . 
         [0059]      FIGS. 5A-5B  illustrate sectional and top scheme views of a package structure according to the present disclosure. The package structure of this embodiment is substantially equivalent to previous package structures, except that a carrier is formed from a metal substrate through an etching process. The carrier has a plurality of openings  500   a  for accommodating a light emitting element  51 , and conductive portions  500  are disposed at both sides of the openings  500   a  to provide electrical connection between the light emitting element  51  and the conductive portions  500 . Further, trenches  500   b  are formed between the openings  500   a,  such that when an encapsulant  52  is subsequently formed between the light emitting element  51  and the conductive portions  500 , the encapsulant  52  can be injected through the trenches  500   b  to encapsulate a periphery of the light emitting element  51 . 
         [0060]      FIGS. 6A-6D  illustrate sectional scheme views of another embodiment of a method for manufacturing a package structure according to the present disclosure. The package structure of this embodiment is substantially equivalent to previous package structures, except that the light emitting element is covered by a release film  671  thereon. 
         [0061]    As shown in  FIG. 6A , a substrate  611  including a plurality of light emitting elements  61  is disposed on entirety of a release film  671 . 
         [0062]    Afterward, the substrate  611  and the entirety of the release film  671  are cut with respect to each of the light emitting elements  61 , so as to form a plurality of light emitting elements  61  with a release film  67  attached on surfaces thereof. In one embodiment, the light emitting element  61  has opposing non-emitting side  61   b  and emitting side  61   a,  the emitting side  61   a  has a plurality of electrodes  610 , and the release film  67  is attached on the emitting side  61   a.    
         [0063]    As shown in  FIG. 6B , the light emitting element  61  with a release film  67  attached on the surface thereof and the carrier having a plurality of conductive portions  600  are disposed on a carrying member  66 , wherein the light emitting element  61  is disposed on the carrying member  66  through the non-emitting side  61   b  thereof. Then, an encapsulant  62  is formed between the light emitting element  61  and the conductive portions  600 . Since the release film  67  is attached on the emitting side  61   a  of the light emitting element  61 , the emitting side  61   a  is free of contamination during the formation of the encapsulant  62 . 
         [0064]    As shown in  FIG. 6C , the release film  67  on the emitting side  61   a  of the light emitting element  61  is removed, and an electrode  610  of the light emitting element  61  and the conductive portions  600  are electrically connected. In this embodiment, the electrical connection between the light emitting element  61  and the conductive portions  600  is achieved by coating a conductive material  63 , which can also be performed in other manners such as wire bonding. Also, in an embodiment, a height of the conductive portions  600  is approximately the same as that of the encapsulant  62 , and a height of the light emitting element  61  is lower than that of the encapsulant  62 , such that a segment of difference in height is formed between the light emitting element  61  and the encapsulant  62 . 
         [0065]    As shown in  FIG. 6D , a phosphor layer  64  may then be formed on the emitting side  61   a  of the light emitting element  61 . In an embodiment, a protection layer or a light transmitting layer  65  may be further formed on the phosphor layer  64 . Then, the carrying member  66  is removed. 
         [0066]      FIGS. 7A-7D  illustrate sectional scheme views of another embodiment of a method for manufacturing a package structure according to the present disclosure. The package structure of this embodiment is substantially equivalent to previous package structures, except that the light emitting element  71  is covered by a release film  771  thereon and is electrically connected to a carrier in a flip-chip manner. 
         [0067]    As shown in  FIG. 7A , a substrate  711  including a plurality of light emitting elements  71  is disposed on entirety of a release film  771 . 
         [0068]    Afterward, the substrate  711  and the entirety of the release film  771  are cut with respect to each of the light emitting elements  71 , so as to form a plurality of light emitting elements  71  with a release film  77  attached on surfaces thereof. In one embodiment, the light emitting element  71  has opposing non-emitting side  71   b  and emitting side  71   a,  the non-emitting side  71   b  has a plurality of electrodes  710 , and the release film  77  is attached on the emitting side  71   a.    
         [0069]    As shown in  FIG. 7B , the light emitting element  71  with a release film  77  attached on the surface thereof and the carrier having a plurality of conductive portions  700  are disposed on a carrying member  76 . The light emitting element  71  is disposed on the carrying member  76  through the non-emitting side  71   b  thereof. Then, an encapsulant  72  is formed between the light emitting element  71  and the conductive portions  700 . Since the release film  77  is attached on the emitting side  71   a  of the light emitting element  71 , the emitting side  71   a  is free of contamination during the formation of the encapsulant  72 . 
         [0070]    As shown in  FIG. 7C , the release film  77  on the emitting side  71   a  of the light emitting element  71  is removed, and a phosphor layer  74  may be then formed on the emitting side  71   a  of the light emitting element  71 . In an embodiment, a protection layer or a light transmitting layer  75  may be further formed on the phosphor layer  74 . 
         [0071]    As shown in  FIG. 7D , the electrode  710  of the light emitting element  71  and the conductive portions  700  are electrically connected through conductive members  73 . 
         [0072]      FIGS. 8A-8B  illustrate sectional and top scheme views of another embodiment of a package structure according to the present disclosure. The package structure of this embodiment is substantially equivalent to previous package structures, except that a carrier  80  is formed from a metal substrate through etching and semi-etching processes. The carrier  80  has a placement portion  801  and a plurality of conductive portions  800  disposed at both sides of the placement portion  801 , wherein the placement portion  801  is electrically conducted to one side of the conductive portions and an insulating adhesive  802  is filled between the placement portion  801  and another side of the conductive portions to prevent both sides of the conductive portions from short. In addition, a trench  803  is formed between the conductive portions  800  longitudinally aligned conductive when the metal substrate is etched. A light emitting element  81  is disposed on the placement portion  801 , and the light 
         [0073]    A light emitting element  81  is electrically connected to both sides of the conductive portions  800  through wires  83 . Also, a phosphor layer  84  is formed on a surface of the light emitting element  81 , and a light transmitting layer  85  encapsulating the phosphor layer  84  and the wires  83  is formed on the phosphor layer  84 . The light transmitting layer  85  is, for example, transparent silicone, and is effectively secured on the carrier  80  with the previously formed trench  803 . 
         [0074]      FIG. 9  illustrates a sectional scheme view of another embodiment of a package structure according to the present disclosure. The package structure of this embodiment is substantially equivalent to previous package structures, except that a carrier  90  is provided. The carrier  90  has a plurality of conductive portions  900  and a placement portion  901  formed on one end of the conductive portions  900  and inwardly extended. As illustrated in  FIG. 9 , the placement portions  901  extending to each other are formed on respective ends of the two conductive portions  900 , and the placement portions  901  extending to each other do not contact each other, such that a light emitting element  91  is disposed and electrically connected to the placement portion  901  in a flip-chip manner. A phosphor layer  94  is formed on the surfaces of the light emitting element  91 , and a light transmitting layer  95  encapsulating the phosphor layer  94  is further formed. 
         [0075]    Further, a Zener diode is disposed in the aforementioned package structures to stabilize the voltage. In addition, for the light emitting element that the light exits from the lateral surface, a side of the conductive portions in aforementioned package structures corresponding to the light emitting element can selectively be formed as a curved surface or beveled surface (not shown), so as to form a three-dimensional LED package structure. Also, the light emitting elements in aforesaid package structures can be selected to be electrically connected to the conductive portions of the carrier in a vertical or flip-chip manner. 
         [0076]    The above embodiments only exemplarily specify the concept and effect of the present disclosure, but not intend to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can perform modifications and adjustments on the above embodiments without departing the spirit and category of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure should fall within the scope of the appended claims.