Abstract:
An animal behavior modification apparatus including a stimulation device for applying a stimulation having a current stimulation level associated with one of a plurality of stimulation levels including a minimum level. The stimulation device including control logic for applying a stimulation, based upon the steps of increasing the current stimulation level; applying a stimulation corresponding to the current stimulation level; determining the behavior of the animal until compliant behavior is obtained; and reducing the current stimulation level between the current stimulation level and the minimum level dependant upon the determining step.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
       [0001]     This is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/840,185, entitled “RISING STIMULATION MODIFICATION”, filed May 6, 2004. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002]     1. Field of the Invention  
         [0003]     The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for modifying the behavior of animals, and, more particularly, to a rising stimulation method of obtaining animal behavioral compliance.  
         [0004]     2. Description of the Related Art  
         [0005]     An animal behavior modification system, such as an electrical training system, no-bark collar or containment system typically includes a collar-mounted receiver worn by the animal and a wireless transmitter. The wireless transmitter may include a radio frequency transmitter having a wire loop transmitting a radio frequency signal. The wire loop antenna may define the boundary in which the animal is to be confined. The animal wears the receiving unit attached to its collar. When the animal gets within a predetermined distance of the wire loop antenna, the receiver unit detects the radio frequency signal transmitted from the loop antenna, whereupon a correcting stimulus, such as a good tone/bad tone, electrical stimulation, vibration, citronella spray, etc., is administered to the animal.  
         [0006]     The receiver unit, which may apply an electrical stimulation to the animal, typically includes a pair of electrode probes, which extend from the receiver unit, through the collar and contact the skin of the animal. An electrical potential is applied between the electrode probes resulting in electrical current flowing through the skin of the animal to thereby apply an electrical stimulation to the animal.  
         [0007]     Animal training systems may also include a handheld transmitter allowing an operator to interact with the animal to ensure compliance with verbal or other instructions. The system may also be self-contained such as a no-bark collar that detects behavior and applies a stimulation to the animal  
         [0008]     The stimulation applied to an animal, as it approaches a boundary, barks or displays other undesirable behavior, is increased to a level of compliance. When the animal is compliant the stimulation level reverts to an initial value.  
         [0009]     What is needed in the art is a method of applying stimulation to an animal to obtain a more rapid compliance by the animal.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0010]     The present invention provides a method of controlling a stimulation level to obtain more rapid compliance by the animal.  
         [0011]     The invention comprises, in one form thereof, a method of modifying the behavior of an animal including the steps of increasing a stimulation level of a stimulation device in stimulating contact with the animal, the stimulation level associated with one of a plurality of levels, the plurality of levels including a minimum level, applying a stimulation to the animal associated with the stimulation level, determining a compliant behavior of the animal and reducing the stimulation level to one of the plurality of levels between a current stimulation level and the minimum level dependent upon the determining step.  
         [0012]     An advantage of the present invention is that the method quickly delivers an effective stimulation to the animal.  
         [0013]     Another advantage of the present invention is that levels of stimulation, which prove insufficient to obtain compliant behavior, are not utilized.  
         [0014]     A further advantage of the present invention is that battery life of the stimulation device is prolonged since ineffective stimulation levels are obviated.  
         [0015]     Yet another advantage of the present invention is that the stimulation level applied to the animal is reduced when the animal quickly responds. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0016]     The above-mentioned and other features and advantages of this invention, and the manner of attaining them, will become more apparent and the invention will be better understood by reference to the following description of embodiments of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:  
         [0017]      FIG. 1  is a schematic view of one embodiment of the apparatus that utilizes the method of the present invention;  
         [0018]      FIG. 2  illustrates applied stimulations to the animal based upon non-compliant behavior of the animal of  FIG. 1 ;  
         [0019]      FIG. 3  illustrates the calculated stimulation level as applied by the present invention of  FIG. 1 ;  
         [0020]      FIG. 4  illustrates a continuous stimulation level that may be utilized in another embodiment of the method of the present invention that is applied to the animal of  FIG. 1 ; and  
         [0021]      FIG. 5  is a block diagram illustrating the method of the present invention utilized by the apparatus of  FIG. 1  and associated with  FIGS. 2-4 . 
     
    
       [0022]     Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views. The exemplifications set out herein illustrate one preferred embodiment of the invention, in one form, and such exemplifications are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any manner.  
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0023]     Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to  FIG. 1 , there is shown an embodiment of a confinement system  10 , which utilizes an embodiment of a method of the present invention of rising stimulation. Confinement system  10  is illustrated with an animal  12  wearing a receiver collar  14  that uses information it receives to confine animal  12  within inner-boundary  16 . Receiver collar  14 , also known as a stimulation device  14 , utilizes the information to determine if animal  12  should receive one or more stimulations from receiver collar  14 . Inner-boundary  16  and outer-boundary  18  are used to define enforcement zone  20  therebetween. When animal  12  crosses inner-boundary  16 , stimulation device  14  is activated, providing a stimulus to animal  12 , thereby providing an incentive for animal  12  to not cross into or through enforcement zone  20  and to stay within inner-boundary  16 .  
         [0024]     Now, additionally referring to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , when animal  12  crosses inner-boundary  16  an initial stimulation is applied by stimulation device  14 . As long as animal  12  stays within enforcement zone  20 , the stimulation level is increased as shown in time periods  1 - 7 . The rise in stimulation occurs over a relatively short period of time during which an evaluation is ongoing to determine whether animal  12  is still in enforcement zone  20 . When animal  12  retreats within inner-boundary  16 , the applied stimulation is terminated as shown in time periods  8 - 11  in  FIG. 2 . If animal  12  enters enforcement zone  20  at some later period of time, for example, at time periods  12 ,  13 ,  17 ,  21  and  22  as illustrated in  FIG. 2 , then a stimulation is applied during these time periods. The stimulation level utilized, in this example, to enforce compliance with animal  12 , during time period  12  is one increment less than the maximum applied in the previous stimulation, time period  7 . At time period  12  non-compliance is again detected and the current stimulation level is applied, since the response was not immediate the stimulation level at time period  13  is elevated. In a like manner at time period  17 , stimulation is applied at level  6 , which is one incremental level lower than the previous applied stimulation at time period  13 . Since animal  12  responded immediately at time period  17 , no additional stimulations were applied during time period  18 . Then in accordance with the present invention, the stimulation level is lowered to level  5  as illustrated in  FIG. 3 . At time period  21 , animal  12  again violates enforcement zone  20  and stimulation is applied at level  5 , corresponding to the stimulation level as shown in  FIG. 3 . Again, animal  12  delays compliance until a second time period and the applied stimulation is increased by one level at time period  22 .  
         [0025]     Although, the embodiment discussed above is directed to a confinement system, the modification of other types of behavior, such as barking, are also subject to modification by the present invention.  
         [0026]     Advantageously, the present invention adjusts the stimulation level to be responsive to the sensitivity of animal  12 . As long as animal  12  quickly responds to the stimulation, the stimulation level is adjusted accordingly.  
         [0027]     If animal  12  should go beyond outer-boundary  18 , receiver collar  14  is deactivated until animal  12  is again within inner-boundary  16 . This eliminates punishment to animal  12  when animal  12  is beyond outer-boundary  18  and when animal  12  re-enters the desired area defined by inner-boundary  16 .  
         [0028]     Now, additionally referring to  FIG. 4 , there is illustrated a continuous stimulation level increase, thereby indicating that the stimulation level may vary in an analog fashion rather than in a digital fashion as illustrated in  FIGS. 2 and 3 .  
         [0029]     Now, additionally referring to  FIG. 5 , there is shown an embodiment of the present method of rising stimulation  100  in block diagram form. Upon initiation of method  100 , the current stimulation level is set to a minimum value at step  102 . The current stimulation level can be reset to an initial minimum value at step  102  by a triggering event, such as when a battery in receiving collar  14  is replaced, when the battery is recharged or by a manual reset by way of a mechanical or magnetically activated switch in collar  14 .  
         [0030]     At step  104 , method  100  determines whether animal  12  is compliant. Compliance is determined by either the non-detection of a violation of a set boundary, such as inner-boundary  16  as illustrated in  FIG. 1 , in another automatic manner or by observation of a trainer. If the animal is not compliant, method  100  proceeds to step  106 , otherwise method  100  returns to step  104 .  
         [0031]     If at step  104  it was determined that the animal is not compliant, then stimulation is applied at step  106 . The stimulation that is applied is based upon the current stimulation level as illustrated in  FIG. 3 . The stimulation may be at a minimum level if animal  12  has become non-compliant for the first time since the initiation of the system or if the stimulation level is lowered by action of method  100 .  
         [0032]     The stimulation level is set one level less than that utilized to obtain conformance in the prior non-conformal act of animal  12 . The applied stimulation may be applied in packets such as in  FIG. 2  where the applied stimulation is turned on and then off, then if animal  12  remains non-compliant the stimulation is turned back on at level  2  and so forth as it stair-steps up to a level at which animal  12  becomes compliant, such as level  7 , in this example. Alternatively, the applied stimulation is applied continuously during non-compliant behavior.  
         [0033]     At step  108 , animal  12  is again checked for compliance. If animal  12  is not compliant, method  100  proceeds to step  110  where the current stimulation level is increased as illustrated in  FIG. 2, 3  and/or  4 . With the stimulation level increased, method  100  returns to step  106  where the stimulation is again applied to animal  12 , but at the increased stimulation level. If, at step  108  animal  12  is now determined to be compliant, then method  100  proceeds to step  112 .  
         [0034]     At step  112 , method  100  lowers the stimulation level by an increment as illustrated at time period  8  of  FIG. 3 . The stimulation level is lowered only one increment in order to receive more immediate response from animal  12  in the event of a repeated non-compliant behavior. By reducing the stimulation level by one increment, it is likely that animal  12  will respond more quickly to this initial level of stimulation, thereby obviating the need to apply ineffective stimulation over several time periods. Once the stimulation level is lowered by an increment at step  112 , method  100  returns to step  104 .  
         [0035]     Alternatively, the stimulation levels may be decreased by more than one step, but not immediately to the minimal level, thereby preserving an effective stimulation level for a more immediate response from animal  12 . This approach advantageously reduces power consumption by the receiver collar  14  by obtaining quicker response from animal  12  to the stimulation.  
         [0036]     While this invention has been described as having a preferred design, the present invention can be further modified within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this invention pertains and which fall within the limits of the appended claims.