Abstract:
To allow a salesman to record data relating to merchandise items which are to be ordered, a logging device comprises a casing in which are housed a keyboard, a display and associated circuits. The salesman locates a sheet containing a list of merchandise items, on the casing between two columns of light-emitting diodes. At the start of entry of an order, the top left-hand LED is illuminated under the control of a central processor unit, which simultaneously addresses a main memory storage location corresponding to the item alongside that LED. Data, such as quantity required, can then be keyed into that storage location, which already contains an identification code for that item. The salesman then operates a key which causes the CPU to scan through the LEDs, and the storage locations, in turn, until the next required item on the sheet is reached. Data relating to that item is then keyed-in. At the end of each day, the salesman couples a transducer to a public telephone and transmits the data to a computer at his base. Due to the automatic correspondence, at any instant, between the item indicated by an LED and the respective storage location containing the item identity code, the items can be listed in plain language and the salesman does not have to look up item codes. The order can, therefore, be entered rapidly and transmitted back to base without danger of incorrect codes being used.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates to a portable data logging device for use particularly, but not exclusively, by salesmen when taking orders on a customer&#39;s premises, or merchandisers taking stock. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     In the past, a salesman engaged in taking orders for goods at customer&#39;s premises has had the task of writing down each type of product required (or making an entry against items on a preprinted form), the quantity required and the required delivery date. At the end of the working day it has then been necessary for the salesman to provide details of all the day&#39;s orders to staff at the salesman&#39;s base so that the orders can be processed. This has entailed returning to base, or reading the orders out during a long telephone call, or sending the orders to base by mail. 
     More recently, electronic logging devices have been produced which will store product orders which are entered via the keyboard by the salesman, but such devices have either required the inclusion of a product code in each entry, or the memory has had to be searched for codes stored in a predetermined manner. It has been necessary for the salesman to look up the codes during entry of the orders, or to read all of the product codes out of the memory, in sequence, until a desired product is reached, as seen on a display in mnemonic form. In either case, the entry of an order is a long operation, particularly if the Company sells many products. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic logging device which will store data relating, for example, to orders for products, and in which insertion of codes identifying items being entered is effected automatically by addressing an easily-read list. 
     According to the invention, a data logging device comprises data storage means; a keyboard for use by an operator to enter data into the storage means; means to display a list from which items are to be selected; scanning means operable to select the listed items 
     and simultaneously to address corresponding storage locations of the storage means, the locations containing identifying codes for the respective items; and means controllable by the operator to arrest the scanning when a selected item is indicated, whereby data relating to that item can be entered into the corresponding storage location via the keyboard. 
     Preferably, the items are listed in plain language. 
     The scanning means may include a plurality of light-emitting diodes, a respective one for each listed item, for indicating the items. The scanning means may also be operable to move to the next listed item in response to actuation of a key by the operator. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
     One embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
     FIG. 1 is a pictorial view of a portable data logging device, 
     FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the device, 
     FIG. 3 illustrates the layout of a keyboard of the device, and 
     FIGS. 4A and 4B together form a flow chart illustrating the entry of customers&#39; orders for goods. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Referring to FIG. 1, the logging device is contained within a plastics casing 1 having a front panel 2. A keyboard 3, comprising 32 keys arranged in two groups, is located at one side of the front panel, with a 16-digit LED alphanumeric display 4 above it. The left-hand side of the panel is recessed to hold a sheet 5 on which are listed up to a hundred items of merchandise for ordering by customers, the items being set out in two columns, and being described on the sheet in plain language. The sheet 5 may be removed, and successive sheets carrying different items may be substituted. Alongside each item position is a respective LED 6. 
     The casing contains the electronic circuitry of the device and a rechargeable battery pack for supplying power to the device. 
     A schematic block diagram of the circuitry is shown in FIG. 2. The basis of the device is a central processing unit (CPU) 7 which is connected to a program store 8, a scratch pad memory 9, and a main memory 10 with a cumulative store. The CPU 7 processes data from the keyboard 3, and controls the operation of the display 4 and the LEDs 6. It includes an internal timer to &#34;time-out&#34; the display 4 after three seconds. Data can be outputted from the memories 9 and 10 and fed via an acoustic coupler 11 to a telephone handset 12 and thence over a public telephone line 13 to a central computer 14 at the headquarters of the sales organisation. 
     The memories may be as follows; program store 8, a CMOS reprogrammable ROM of 2K 8-bit bytes capacity; the scratch pad memory 9, a CMOS RAM of 1K 8-bit bytes capacity; the main memory 10, a CMOS RAM of 7K 8-bit bytes capacity. 
     The layout of the keyboard is shown in FIG. 3. The function of certain of the keys will be explained later. 
     The basic operation of the device is as follows. At the start of an order, the salesman presses a &#34;START FORM&#34; key 20, which enables the circuits, and causes the top LED 6 in the left-hand column to be illuminated. He then enters a code into the CPU 7 via the keyboard 3 to identify the particular customer. He selects a relevant merchandise sheet 5 for that customer, and enters a code, via the keyboard, to identify the sheet. He can then enter any other relevant information, such as order date and order reference number. If the customer requires the item indicated by the top LED, the salesman enters on the keyboard the quantity required, and that quantity is automatically stored in a particular location of the scratch pad memory which is allocated to that item and which is selected by the CPU on the basis of the sheet identity code and the position of the illuminated LED 6. The salesman then momentarily presses a key 15 on the keyboard to cause the CPU 7 to energise the next LED in the column and to address the corresponding scratch pad memory location. If that item is not required, the salesman maintains pressure on the key so that illumination of the LEDs moves sequentially down to that LED corresponding to the next required item. He then releases the key. The salesman enters the quantity of that item required and selects the next required item by again operating the key 15. If he wishes to scan back to an item higher up the column he presses a key 16, or if he wishes to move across to the other column he either presses both keys 15 and 16 simultaneously or holds the key 15 or the key 16 down so that the illumination of the LEDs travels to the end of the current column and then shifts to the other column. 
     It will be apparent that the LEDs act, in effect, as an illuminated &#34;cursor&#34; for indicating the listed items one at a time, and the cursor is movable up or down by the keys 16 and 15, respectively. 
     When all required items on that side of the sheet 5 have been ordered, the sheet can be turned over to reveal a new set of up to 100 items. A sensor 17 (e.g. a photo-transistor), mounted in the recess adjacent the base of the sheet 5, cooperates with a suitable marking on one side of the sheet to tell the CPU 7 which side of the sheet is in use, so that the CPU can address the correct storage locations for the items on that side of the sheet. 
     When the order has been completed, a &#34;FILE&#34; key 30 is pressed to move the content of the scratch pad memory 9 into the main memory 10 and to clear the scratch pad memory ready for the next order. If necessary, the orders committed to the main memory 10 can be accessed so that the data stored therein can be viewed on the display 4 and any necessary amendments can be made. 
     At the end of the day, the acoustic coupler 11 is coupled to a convenient telephone handset 12 of the public telephone network and the data relating to the day&#39;s orders are read out of the main store 10 via a transmission module 17 and are fed over the line 13 to the computer 14, preferably in half-duplex mode. 
     In order to avoid loss of the data from the volatile main memory 10 in the event of failure of the main battery supply 18, a separate back-up battery 19 is provided for that memory. 
     The data are also fed to the cumulative store of the main memory 10 so that the salesman has a record of his sales achievement over the past month. The working store of the main memory is then cleared, by pressing a &#34;CLEAR ORDERS&#34; key 21, ready for the next day. 
     It is considered that it will be obvious to those skilled in the art what kind of circuitry is necessary to fulfil the required functions. Suitable circuitry is, therefore, not described in detail herein. 
     The functions of the keys are as follows. 
     
         ______________________________________REVIEW     This enables the salesman to examine aORDERS     complete order before pressing the(key 22)   &#34;CLEAR ORDERS&#34; key 21. The items will be      displayed sequentially on the display      4. The first depression of this key      displays the number of orders in the device.CUMULATIVE This provides access to the cumulativeREVIEW     store of the main memory 10, so that the(key 23)   accumulated total for each product is      displayed in turn. The first depression      of this key displays the total of all      products.MODE       If more than one program is contained in(key 24)   the program store 8, this key allows      selection of a particular program.ALPHA      This converts the operation of the keys(key 25)   so that they can input the alpha      characters marked on the tops of the      keys. The key will be latched down and      illuminated until it is cancelled by      pressing it again.START FORM As explained previously, this brings(key 20)   up, in effect, a new &#34;order form&#34; and      sets the cursor at the top left-hand item.DAY        This enables any constants to be(key 26)   entered once per day as opposed to      entering them on every &#34;order form&#34;.      For example, salesman&#39;s number and      date may be entered. A &#34;NEXT&#34; key 27      is pressed after the &#34;DAY&#34; key in      order to enter each new constant.CLEAR FORM This empties the scratch pad memory 9.(key 28)TRANSMIT   Initiates transmission via the acoustic(key 29)   coupler 11 subject to acceptable      criteria. All other keys are inoperable      during transmission. Transmission      cannot occur if there is still an order      in the scratch pad memory 9. This is to      avoid the last order of the day not      being put into the main memory.FILE       This moves the contents of the scratch(key 30)   pad memory 9 into the main memory 10CLEAR ORDERS      This clears the working store of the(key 21)   main memory 10 after the store data      have been transmitted to the computer      13.CLEAR CUM  This clears the cumulative store of(key 31)   the main memory 10.HELP       This causes a message to be shown on(key 32)   the display 4 to indicate what point      the salesman has reached in the order.      It is useful, in particular, if the      data logging device has been switched      off and then re-used. A second      depression of the key causes the device      to revert to normal operation.ORDER TOTAL      Causes the display 4 to show the total(key 33)   products ordered from the start of the      order to pressing the key, irrespective      of the product type.ERASE      For each depression, this erases the(key 34)   last character entered and moves the      cursor back one item.LINE CODE  This allows entry of codes relating to(key 35)   merchandise items.DISPLAY    This initiates a diagnostic test of(key 36)   the system, and causes the display 4      to indicate the amount of unused      storage capacity in the main memory 10      and the state of the batteries.1-9        For entering numerical values, such as(keys 37-46)      quantities.CURSOR     For moving the cursor up or down theMOVE KEYS  product list as previously explained.(keys 15 and 16)      Keeping one key depressed, the cursor      moves up or down the list, stopping      when the key is released. Single &#39;stab&#39;      depressions of the keys move the cursor      by one product. A single &#39;stab&#39;      depression of both cursor keys together      moves the cursor horizontally from one      column to the other, i.e. if cursor is      against 26th product in the left-hand      column, it would move across to the      26th product in the right-hand column,      and vice versa.PRODUCT    This is used to move the cursor(key 47)   instantaneously to a particular product      number instead of allowing it to scan      through the products sequentially. For      example, depressing the &#34;PRODUCT&#34; key      followed by numerical keys 38 then 37      will move the cursor to the tenth      product.SKIP       Display character address as indicated(key 48)   by the display cursor will skip to the      first character of the following      display field e.g. from the stock to      the order quantity field. This does not      apply to certain &#34;fixed&#34; fields.BACK       This has the opposite effect to the(key 49)   &#34;NEXT&#34; key 27.NEXT       Used to display next line of data(key 27)   already in scratch pad memory.      Repeatedly pressing this key will step      through lines in the memory in order.      Also used for stepping through ORDER      SUPERSTRUCTURE routine (see below).______________________________________ 
    
     Steps in the use of the device will now be described in greater detail. 
     (a) After switching the power on and pressing the START FORM key 20, the LED 6 will be illuminated next to the product in the top left-hand corner of the sheet 5. This LED can be used as a `power on` indicator. 
     (b) Press and release &#34;DISPLAY&#34; key 36. Wait for TEST COMPLETE on the display 4. 
     (c) Press and release &#34;NEXT&#34; key 27. `LO` will appear in the first two positions on the diplay. A space is left automatically in the third position. Thirteen digits can be keyed in, giving territory and ledger outlet, the last digit being a check digit. 
     (d) Press and release &#34;NEXT&#34;. If (c) is acceptable to the stored program, &#34;CALL CODE&#34; will appear on the display 4. A digit or X can be keyed in. Usually `1` would be keyed in but second, third or subsequent orders for the same ledger outlet would be `2`, `3`, `4` etc. `X` indicates an urgent order, and `O` indicates an order to be cancelled. If (c) is not acceptable, `LO` will appear again. 
     (e) Press and release &#34;NEXT&#34;. `FORM NUMBER` will appear. Two digits have to be keyed in giving the form number in use, i.e. the identifying number of the sheet 5. 
     (f) Press and release &#34;NEXT&#34;. `ORDER DATE` will appear. Two digits for day and two for month are keyed in. 
     The above four steps are obligatory, i.e. each must be dealt with completely before moving on. The remainder are optional, except for AUTO-SKIP. 
     (g) Press and release &#34;NEXT&#34;. `DEL DATE` will appear (entry same as `order date`). C or S in the last position denotes &#34;week commencing&#34; or a specific day. 
     (h) Press and release &#34;NEXT&#34;. `CR` will appear. Up to fourteen alphanumeric characters can be entered, giving customer reference number for the order. 
     (i) Press and release &#34;NEXT&#34;. `SI` will appear. Up to fourteen alphanumeric characters can be keyed in. 
     (j) Press and release &#34;NEXT&#34;. `SI2` will appear. Thirteen further alphanumeric characters can be keyed in, if necessary, giving a total of twenty-seven characters for special instructions. 
     (k) Press and release &#34;NEXT&#34;. `DR` will appear, indicating when deliveries can or cannot be made, `1` indicating deliveries can be made, `0` indicating they cannot. The spaces are labelled &#34;Monday a.m.&#34; to &#34;Friday p.m.&#34;, &#34;lunchtime&#34; and &#34;Saturday&#34; on the plastic cover of the display 4. If the field is not completed it will be assumed that deliveries can be made at any time or as previously agreed. 
     (l) Press and release &#34;NEXT&#34;. `AUTO-SKIP` will appear asking if the cursor of the display 4 should automatically skip the stock field to the order quantity field. Y for yes, or N for no, should be entered. This is an obligatory field. 
     If stocktaking is done prior to taking the order, the following sequence is followed. 
     (a) Press appropriate CURSOR MOVE key 15 or 16 as necessary and when the required product is reached, the product number will show in the display, together with 1 or 2 to show which side of the sheet 5 is being used. On depressing the START FORM key 20 the top left product LED 6 will be on, and that product number will be displayed. 
     (b) Enter the quantity of stock by pressing the appropriate numeric keys 37-46. 
     (c) Repeat these operations until stocktaking is complete, using the CURSOR MOVE keys as described above. 
     The procedure for entering ordered quantities is as for stocktaking described above. On accessing the product, the display will show the stock quantity (if any) and the display cursor will be in the ORDER field of the display. The order quantity can be entered via the numeric keys 37-46. 
     If no stock quantity was entered previously, the STOCK field will show nothing and the user will press &#34;SKIP&#34; and proceed as above. 
     If auto-skip is in operation, the cursor will already be at the order quantity field, i.e. no stock details will be taken. 
     After entering the order quantity for a product, a field of three digits is available for the entry of any promotion number or other special details of a particular line. If such special details are relevant to the selected product, the user will enter the order quantity as described and then press `SKIP` to enter the special details. 
     Whilst taking an order, it is useful to know the number of outers ordered so far, in order to check against quantity price rates. At any time during order taking, this can be done by pressing and releasing the ORDER TOTAL key 33. This would show in the display the total outers ordered so far and extinguish the cursor on the product list (totals for two different product groupings are shown). 
     To revert to ordering, pressing and releasing either CURSOR MOVE key 15 or 16 would extinguish the two totals on the display 4, bring back the cursor to its position just prior to pressing the ORDER TOTAL key and would bring up the relevant page and product number (and any stock, order and special details already input for that product) in the display. The salesmen would then continue ordering in the normal way. 
     When the user has completed taking the order and has satisfied himself that everything is correct, he will press the CLEAR FORM key 28. Pressing this key commits the data from the scratch pad memory 9 to the main memory 10. Once this is done, the order can be recalled for checking and can be altered and returned to the main memory. The data must be returned to the main memory before transmission of the data can begin. To examine a complete order before pressing the CLEAR FORM key, the user returns to the start of the order by pressing the REVIEW ORDERS key 22 and and repeatedly depressing the NEXT key 27. 
     As described previously, part of the main memory 10 is reserved for storing cumulative order totals for each product automatically. Access to this information can be obtained by depressing the CUMULATIVE REVIEW key 23 and depressing the relevant cursor key 15 or 16 to call up a particular product in the normal way. A complete check of the cumulative orders for all products appertaining to a particular customer can be obtained by repeatedly depressing the NEXT key 27. All cumulative totals are cleared by pressing the CLEAR CUM key 31. 
     In order to review and/or change an order already in the main memory 10, the order can be recalled by entering the territory, ledger and outlet against `LO` in the display. Successive depressions of the NEXT key 27 would sequence through the superstructure and order. If any changes are desired, the ERASE key 34 is pressed, and the amended information entered. 
     The salesman may require two types of review: 
     (a) reviewing the &#34;stock and order situation&#34; for each line to highlight any products overlooked. This would be done ten products at a time (illuminating up to ten of the LEDs 6), but the actual number of items in stock or ordered for any one of the ten products would not be given at this stage; 
     (b) going through the products ordered so far, one by one, giving page, product number, stock, order and promotion details in the display. This could either be started from wherever the product cursor happens to be, going through the products ordered in sequence; or the salesman could set the cursor at product 00 on page 1 of sheet 5, and progress from there. This type of review would carry on through the pages and would be achieved by using the NEXT key 27. 
     In order to transmit the data to the computer 14, a specific telephone number is dialled to contact the computer. A tone is sent back from the computer. The XMIT key 29 is pressed and the display 4 shows XMITTING. The telephone handset 12 is placed on the acoustic coupler 11. Following initial handshake routines, a whole order at a time is transmitted, checked and acknowledged. 
     If the device has difficulty in transmitting due to a bad line, it will try up to four times to send a particular message. If there is still a problem, the display 4 will show XMIT FAILED. Following XMIT FAILED the telephone number needs to be redialled for another attempt. When all transmission has been successfully completed and acknowledged as correct, the display will show XMIT COMPLETE, and the telephone handset can be replaced on its stand. 
     The device includes an interface 50 for feeding data from the main memory 10 into peripheral devices such as printers, visual display units, wand readers or storage means such as floppy disc stores. 
     The device can be quite small and portable (e.g. 200×175×40 mm) and avoids all of the salesman&#39;s paperwork which is normally associated with the collection and processing of orders. It can weigh about 1 kg. including batteries. 
     Although the sheet 5 is described as displaying lists of goods, it will be clear that other items could be listed, for example expense items which are being claimed. Furthermore, the need for replacing sheets 5 and keying-in codes identifying the sheets could be overcome by providing a book having hinged pages listing all of the available products. The width of two pages when opened out would be equivalent to the sheet 5. It would then be necessary for the device to detect which pages were in use at any instant, and this could be achieved by providing a light sensor which would receive ambient light through the pages. The amount of light reaching the sensor would be dependent upon the number of pages in front of the sensor, so this would give an indication of the page numbers in use. However, it would also be dependent upon the brightness of the ambient light, so it would be necessary to provide a further sensor, upon which the ambient light would impinge directly, and a comparator, so that changes in the brightness of the ambient light could be taken into account. 
     A typical flow chart is shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B. 
     Although the list is described above as being contained on a sheet or sheets on which the items are set out in written or printed form, the list could alternatively be shown on an electronic display (e.g. LCD) which could occupy the area of the front panel 2 which was allocated to the sheet 5 in the FIG. 1 embodiment.