Abstract:
A self-service terminal ( 14 ) is described The terminal is associated with an organization ( 18 ) having individuals ( 36 ) under its supervision, each individual having a sponsor, whereby the terminal provides the individuals with access to financial services provided by a financial institution in accordance with rules established by the sponsor and the organization. A method of providing financial transactions via a self-service terminal ( 14 ) is also described, the method comprising the steps of: maintaining a financial account for an organization, providing a self-service terminal in premises used by the organization, maintaining a financial account for an individual under the supervision of the organization, allowing a sponsor and/or the organization to establish rules governing use of the financial account by the individual, and only fulfilling a transaction requested by the individual at the terminal if the transaction is consistent with the established rules for that individual.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention relates to a self-service terminal (SST), in particular to an SST associated with an organization having individuals under its supervision, such as a school, a hospital, a prison, or such like. The invention also relates to a method of providing financial transactions via a self-service terminal associated with an organization having individuals under its supervision. 
   Many organizations having individuals under their supervision or in their care offer additional products and services for purchase by these individuals. For example, schools typically offer summer trips for their pupils, school meals, books, stationery, confectionary, and such like. 
   For the example of a school offering products and services, this requires parents/guardians to give money to the schoolchildren for purchasing these items. This gives rise to the problem of children losing the money or the money being stolen by another child. Another problem is that the child may use the money to purchase items other than those items for which the money was intended. 
   Yet another problem is that this requires the organization to maintain accounts for the money received from the individuals in its care. Thus, a school has to perform an accounting function which may occupy teachers&#39; time and divert them from the primary role of teaching pupils. 
   Similar problems exist in other organizations such as hospitals and prisons. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   It is among the objects of an embodiment of the present invention to obviate or mitigate one or more of the above disadvantages, or other disadvantages associated with providing products and/or services to individuals under the supervision of an organization. 
   According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a self-service terminal associated with an organization having individuals under its supervision, each individual having a sponsor, whereby the terminal provides the individuals with access to financial services provided by a financial institution in accordance with rules established by the sponsor and the organization. 
   By virtue of this aspect of the invention, an organization such as a school is able to use a financial institution for performing the financial aspects of a transaction, this reduces the accounting function that has to be performed by the organization; in effect, a school is able to outsource the accounting and transaction functions. 
   Another advantage of this aspect of the invention is that a sponsor (such as a parent) is able to determine how much funds are available to an individual, when these funds are available, and such like. This reduces the possibility of the individual losing money or theft of the money from the individual. 
   Yet another advantage of this aspect of the invention is that the financial institution is able to develop a banking relationship with the individual, even if the individual is not able to have an account in his/her own name. Where the individual is a pupil, this may encourage the pupil to open an account with that financial institution when the pupil completes school education. 
   The individuals may be schoolchildren, students, patients, prisoners, or such like. 
   Where the individuals are students the organization may be a university or college and the sponsor may be a parent of the student; where the individuals are patients the organization may be a hospital or medical center and the sponsor may be a relative or friend of the patient; where the individuals are prisoners the organization may be a prison and the sponsor may be a relative or friend of the prisoner. 
   In a preferred embodiment, the individuals are schoolchildren, the organization is a school, and the sponsor is a parent. 
   Preferably, the terminal is located in premises used by the organization 
   Preferably, the terminal allows individuals to purchase products and/or services offered by the organization to individuals under its supervision. For example, a pupil may be able to purchase a school meal ticket at the terminal using funds from an account associated with the individual but controlled by the individual&#39;s sponsor (such as a parent). 
   In a preferred embodiment the terminal is an automated teller machine (ATM). 
   The organization may establish rules relating to when the account may be accessed. For example, the account may only be accessed at certain times during the day. The organization may also decide the maximum transaction value in a day, for example ten pounds sterling. 
   According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of providing financial transactions via a self-service terminal associated with an organization having individuals under its supervision, the method comprising the steps of: maintaining a financial account for the organization, providing a self-service terminal in premises used by the organization, maintaining a financial account for an individual under the supervision of the organization, allowing a sponsor and/or the organization to establish rules governing use of the financial account by the individual, and only fulfilling a transaction requested by the individual at the terminal if the transaction is consistent with the established rules for that individual. 
   The method may include the further step of offering the individual products and/or services provided by the organization. 
   According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a financial transaction system comprising a self-service terminal in communication with a transaction host, where the terminal is associated with an organization having individuals under its supervision, and whereby the system: maintains a financial account for an individual under the supervision of the organization, allows a sponsor and/or the organization to establish rules governing use of the financial account by the individual, and only fulfils a transaction requested by the individual at the terminal if the transaction is consistent with the established rules for that individual. 
   According to a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of administering financial accounts for individuals under the supervision of an organization, where each individual has a sponsor, the method comprising the steps of: providing a financial account for an individual, allowing the individual&#39;s sponsor to control the account, allowing the individual to purchase products and/or services offered by the organization using the financial account, and providing the organization with a fee associated with purchases made using the account. 
   The fee may be on a per purchase basis, or it may be a fixed fee for a predetermined time period. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     These and other aspects of the present invention will be apparent from the following specific description, given by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram illustrating a system according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 2  is a block diagram illustrating a self-service terminal used in the system of  FIG. 1 ; 
       FIG. 3  is a block diagram illustrating a part of the terminal of  FIG. 1  (the controller) in more detail; 
       FIG. 4  is a flowchart illustrating the steps involved in creating a financial account for the system of  FIG. 1 ; and 
       FIGS. 5   a  to  5   e  are screens presented to a user during a typical transaction at the terminal of  FIG. 2 . 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
   Referring now to  FIG. 1 , which is a block diagram of a self-service terminal system  10  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, the system  10  comprises a host (server)  12  interconnected to a plurality of SSTs  14  (only two are shown) by a secure private network  16 . The SSTs  14  are in the form of ATMs. One of the ATMs  14   a  is located within a school (illustrated by block  18 ). The ATMs  14  are physically remote from each other, but are shown in proximity in  FIG. 1  for clarity. 
   The host  12  is owned and operated by a financial institution and includes an authorization facility  20  and a back-office facility  22 . As is well known in the art, the authorization facility  20  authorizes transactions received from the ATMs  14 . 
   The back-office facility  22  includes details of bank accounts held by customers of the financial institution and stores information relating to transactions executed at the ATMs  14 . The back-office facility  22  is also connected to a public network  24 , in this embodiment the Internet, and includes a Web server component  26  accessible from Web browser terminals  28 , such as personal computers (PCs). As is well known, a large number of Web browsers have access to the World Wide Web facility on the Internet, but for clarity, only three PCs are shown in  FIG. 1 ; one of these PCs  28   a  is used by an official in the school  18 . 
   Reference is now made to  FIG. 2 , which illustrates a school pupil (a user)  36  operating ATM  14   a  of  FIG. 1 , and shows ATM  14   a  in more detail. 
   The ATM  14   a  includes a touchscreen display module  40 , a CD (compact disc) reader/writer module  42  including a supply of blank CDs to which data may be written by the module  42 , a magnetic card reader/writer (MCRW) module  44 , an MP3 module  45  for transferring music in MP3 format, a receipt printer module  46 , an internal journal printer module  48 , a deposit module  50 , a cash dispenser module  52 , an ATM controller module  54  for controlling the operation of the various modules, a network connection module  56  for communicating with the host  12  ( FIG. 1 ) via network  16  ( FIG. 1 ) and for accessing Web servers (not shown) via the Internet  24 . All of the modules within the ATM  14  are interconnected by an internal bus  58  for conveying data. 
   Reference is now made to  FIG. 3 , which shows the ATM controller  54  in more detail. Controller  54  comprises a processor  70 , a bios  72 , storage  74  in the form of a magnetic disk drive, and main memory  76 . In use, the processor  70  loads the memory  76  with an operating system kernel  80 , a state of health management interface  82 , an ATM application  84 , and a Web browser  86 . 
   The management interface  82  filters out state of health information received from the modules ( 40  to  56  in  FIG. 2 ) to monitor the performance of these modules ( 40  to  56  in  FIG. 2 ) and thereby to detect possible malfunctions. The management interface  82  may also include open system architecture components (such as WOSA and/or WOSA XFS) for providing application interoperability in calling functions relating to the modules( 40  to  56  in  FIG. 2 ). 
   The ATM application  84  includes the application flow (i.e. the series of screens) presented to a user on the ATM display  40 . The term “screen” is used herein to denote the graphics, text, controls (such as menu options), and such like, that are displayed on an SST monitor; the term “screen” as used herein does not refer to the hardware (that is, the monitor) that displays the graphics, text, controls, and such like. 
   The ATM application  84  also includes conventional routines that are required to instruct modules to perform functions, for example, to instruct the cash dispenser  52  to dispense twenty pounds sterling. The ATM application  84  also includes a routine for managing presentation and sale of school products and services, as will be described in more detail below. 
   Creation of a financial account for a pupil will now be described with reference to  FIGS. 1 to 3 , and also to  FIG. 4 , which is a flowchart illustrating the steps involved. The account creation process  100  is initiated by a sponsor (in this embodiment, a pupil&#39;s parent) accessing the financial institution&#39;s Web server  26  using a Web browser at a home PC  28   b.    
   The sponsor identifies (from a list of names received from the Web server  26 ) the organization to which the individual belongs (step  102 ). In this embodiment, the individual is a pupil, and the organization is the school attended by the pupil. 
   The sponsor inputs details (step  104 ) about the pupil and about the sponsor. The sponsor may also have to visit the financial institution to provide some form of identification (passport, driving license, or such like). 
   The sponsor then inputs rules (step  106 ) controlling transactions that may be performed using that account; for example governing how much money can be withdrawn from the account (such as, five pounds each day), how transactions are to be notified to the sponsor (for example, each transaction may be notified to the sponsor by email). 
   The sponsor then transfers funds (step  108 ) to an account that is to be opened. 
   The financial institution then opens an account (step  110 ) and an account file  90  ( FIG. 1 ) for that individual and associates the newly opened account and account file  90  with the identified school. 
   An official at the school (such as a head teacher) establishes rules for any account associated with the school. This is achieved by the official accessing the financial institution&#39;s Web server  26  using a Web browser at PC  28   a . The official may decide that accounts can only be accessed at certain times (for example, one or more of the following time periods: before the start of the school day, during lunch break, after the school day has finished, before 7 pm, and such like) to avoid use of the ATM during school lessons or after the school day has finished and pupils should have left the vicinity of the school. The official may also decide the maximum transaction value in a day, for example ten pounds sterling. When the official has established the rules, the rules are stored by the Web server  26  as a file  92  ( FIG. 1 ) in the back-office facility  22 . 
   A typical transaction at ATM  14   a  will now be described, with reference to  FIGS. 5   a  to  5   e , which are a series of screens generated by the ATM application  84  and displayed to a user during a transaction. 
   An initial screen  116  ( FIG. 5   a ) presents text  118  welcoming a user to the school&#39;s ATM and inviting the user  36  to enter an identification. The identification may be biometrics based, or it may be a token such as a card (magnetic stripe card or Smart card) or an electronic item (such as a Smart ring or Smart button). In this embodiment, the identification is a magnetic stripe card, and the ATM  14   a  requests the user to enter a personal identification number (PIN) to verify his/her claimed identity. 
   The user  36  is then shown a transaction selection screen  120  ( FIG. 5   b ), presenting a cash withdrawal option  122 , two school related options (pay for a school meal  124 , pay part or all of the cost of a school trip  126 ), and two non-school related options (download music  128 , and surf the World Wide Web  130 ). Almost all of the screens in the series also include a cancel option  132  to halt the transaction and return the user to the initial screen  116 . 
   It will be appreciated that each transaction presents the user  36  with a different set of screens; in this embodiment, the transaction described is the user  36  selecting the option to pay for a school meal  124 . 
   When the user selects school meal option  124 , then ATM  14   a  presents a cost screen  140  ( FIG. 5   c ) indicating the cost of the meal in one field  142  (in this example the meal costs two pounds sterling) and providing the user  36  with an accept option  144  for proceeding with the transaction, and the cancel option  132  for halting the transaction. 
   If the user  36  selects the accept option  144 , then ATM  14   a  presents a payment method screen  150  ( FIG. 5   d ). Payment method screen  150  provides different payment options for the pupil to select, including cash  152 , check  154 , and direct transfer from the pupil&#39;s account  156 . 
   If cash payment  152  is selected then the user  36  is requested to insert banknotes (and/or coins) into the deposit module  50  ( FIG. 2 ). If check payment  154  is selected then the user  36  is requested to insert a check into the deposit module  50  ( FIG. 2 ). In this example, direct funds transfer from the pupil&#39;s account (option  146 ) is selected, and an authorization screen (not shown) is presented to the user  36  indicating that the transaction is being authorized. 
   The ATM  14   a  sends a transaction authorization request to the host  12  via secure private network  16 . When the host receives the request, it accesses the organization rules file  92  and the account and account file  90  ( FIG. 1 ). The host  12  ensures that:
         the transaction is consistent with the rules established by the school and recorded in file  92 ;   funds are available in the account  90 ;   the PIN and card combination are correct; and   the transaction is consistent with the rules established by the sponsor and stored in account file  90 .       

   If one or more of these criteria are not met, then the host  12  communicates a ‘transaction not authorized’ message to the ATM  14   a.    
   If all of these criteria are met, then the host  12  authorizes the transaction and communicates the authorization to the ATM  14   a  via the private network  16 . The ATM  14   a  then prints a school dinner ticket using printer module  46  and requests that the user remove his/her card from the MCRW module  44 . 
   The ATM  14   a  then presents the user with a ticket screen  160  ( FIG. 5   e ) inviting the user to remove the printed school dinner ticket from a printer slot (not shown) in the ATM  14   a.    
   When the user  36  removes the ticket, the ATM  14   a  presents the initial screen  116 . 
   If the user  36  had selected the download music option  128  ( FIG. 5   b ), then the user would have been presented with a series of screens enabling the user to download music from the Internet and to transfer the downloaded music to a CD ROM medium (using the CD reader/writer module  42  and a blank CD ROM stored therein), or to transfer the downloaded music to the user&#39;s MP3 player using MP3 module  45 . The school may charge an additional fee for this download service. 
   If the user  36  had selected the Web surfing option  130  ( FIG. 5   b ), then the user  36  would have been presented with a series of screens, one of which screens would indicate the payment required for surfing the Web, another screen would comprise a graphical user interface for the Web browser  86  ( FIG. 3 ) to enable the user  36  to navigate through the World Wide Web. The ATM  14   a  may include software to ensure that certain Web sites, or Web sites including certain types of subject matter, may not be accessed by the Web browser  86 . 
   At the end of each day, the financial institution notifies each sponsor of any transactions executed by his/her pupil that day. 
   It will be appreciated that this embodiment has the advantage that the sponsor is able to provide finds for a pupil in a secure manner, so that the pupil has access to funds in case of emergencies or for paying for school-related products or services. The sponsor is also provided with a record of the transactions executed by the pupil. This enables unbanked individuals to have access to a financial account. Another advantage is that the school is able to automate collection of money from pupils, thereby outsourcing the accounting function, reducing overhead. The school is also able to supply additional services (such as MP3 download, games download, Web surfing, and such like) using the ATM, which may provide the school with a revenue stream. The school may also receive a share of any transaction charge levied for transactions at the ATM. 
   Various modifications may be made to the above described embodiment within the scope of the invention, for example, products and services different to those described may be offered to users of the ATM. 
   In other embodiments, the ATM may include additional modules (such as a coin module, a postage stamp dispenser, and such like) so that the ATM is able to provide additional products and/or services. 
   In other embodiments, the organization may be a hospital, a prison, or such like. 
   In another embodiment, a sponsor may open an account by accessing the organization&#39;s Web server and entering details therein; the organization may then pass these details to a financial institution that performs the financial services for that institution (including creation of accounts, maintenance of accounts, transactions, and such like).