Abstract:
A recording/reproducing apparatus includes a recorder which records plural types of picture signals and picture information representing types of picture signals on recording tracks of a recording medium; a setting circuit which sets a type of picture signal to be reproduced from the plural types of picture signals; a search reproducer which scans transversely across the recording tracks and reproduces the picture signal and the picture information of the type set by the setting circuit from the recording tracks; a tracking controller which controls the search reproducer so that the picture information of the type set by the setting circuit can be normally detected during search reproduction; and a memory which stores the picture signal reproduced by the search reproducer during plural scans and forms a search reproduction picture based on the picture information reproduced by the search reproducer. The recording/reproducing apparatus may include a reader which reads the search reproduction picture from the memory. The search reproduction picture may changes intermittently during search reproduction.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/462,787 filed on Jun. 5, 1995, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,178,287, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/118,463 filed on Sep. 9, 1993, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,625,504. The contents of application Ser. Nos. 08/462,787 and 08/118,463 are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. 
     This application is related to application Ser. No. 08/462,529 filed on Jun. 5, 1995, now abandoned, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/118,463 filed on Sep. 9, 1993, the grandparent application of the present application. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to a magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus such as a time lapse magnetic recording and reproducing system (hereinafter referred to as a “time lapse VTR”) for recording and reproducing picture signals while intermittently skipping frames, which is used for monitoring, burglar-proofing, and so forth. 
     Recently, a time lapse VTR which can make long time recording such as 720 hours on a single tape by sequentially switching picture signals from a plurality of video cameras and recording them while intermittently skipping frames has gained a wide application so as to simultaneously monitor various places such as plants, sites of construction, shops, etc., in place of guards. When any accident occurs, valuable information can be acquired by quickly reproducing the picture signals recorded on the tape. 
     JP-A-62-295581, for example, discloses a time lapse VTR which counts the number of tracks on a magnetic tape at the time of reproduction of the tape, extracts reproduction signals from the tape in one field or frame unit whenever the count value becomes equal to the number of video cameras, alternately records the outputs of a plurality of video cameras in one field or frame unit on the same magnetic tape, takes out the outputs of the desired video camera or cameras in one field or frame unit from the magnetic tape at the time of reproduction, and can thus confirm correctly the recorded content. 
     Next, the construction of a time lapse VTR using a video cassette tape of a VHS system and available commercially in the past will be explained by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
     FIG. 1 shows an example of the construction using the conventional time lapse VTR. In FIG. 1, reference numeral  1  denotes a time lapse VTR,  2  is a switcher and  3   a  to  3   d  are video cameras. Picture signals from the video cameras  3   a  to  3   d  (A, B, C and D ch (channels), respectively) are sequentially switched in a field or frame unit by a picture switching circuit  4  of the switcher  2  and are supplied to the time lapse VTR  1 . Though the switcher  2  is shown separately disposed in another apparatus, it may be assembled into the time lapse VTR  1 . A chrominance signal in the inputted picture signals is converted to a low band signal by a color low-pass conversion circuit  7  in the time lapse VTR  1 , while a luminance signal is subjected to frequency modulation by an FM modulation circuit  8 . The outputs of these circuits  7  and  8  are added by an addition circuit  9 , and each channel is sequentially recorded by four magnetic heads H 1+ ( 12 ), H 2− ( 13 ), H 3− ( 14 ) and H 4+ ( 15 ) mounted on a cylinder  11  on a magnetic tape  16 ′ through a recording amplifier  10 . In this case, operation modes include a normal speed mode (33.33 mm/sec in a standard mode of the VHS system, for example) for recording and reproduction while the tape is continuously transported run at a normal speed, and besides an intermittent recording/reproduction mode (recording while the tape is stopped) for long time recording by intermittently transporting the tape. During reproduction, the reproduction head signals from the magnetic heads H 1+ ( 12 ), H 2− ( 13 ), H 3− ( 14 ) and H 4+ ( 15 ) are amplified by preamplifiers  16 ,  17 ,  18  and  19 , respectively, are then passed through switch circuits  20 ,  21 ,  22 , are converted to chrominance signals and luminance signals restored to their original bands by a color high-pass conversion circuit  23  and an FM demodulation circuit  24 , and are further added together by an addition circuit  25  to provide reproduction picture signals. System control means  27  activates a servo circuit  30  which controls the cylinder  11 , a control head  28  and a capstan shaft  29  in accordance with an operation mode inputted by a user through mode setting/input means  26 , and lets it control the operation condition of the time lapse VTR. The system control means  27  activates a change-over circuit  31 , selects one of the outputs of the switch circuits  20  and  21  as the output of the switch circuit  22  in the normal speed reproduction mode of the tape, and selects the one of the outputs of the switch circuits  20  and  21  which has the higher level as the output of the switch circuit  22  under control of a level detection circuit  32  during a search reproduction mode in which the recorded content can be watched more quickly than the normal speed. 
     The switcher  2  divides the picture signal from the time lapse VTR 1  into field units by A/D means  33 , an image memory  34 , D/A means  35  and memory control means  36  which controls these circuit elements and a reproduction picture of a desired channel can thus be obtained on a TV monitor  38  in accordance with the output of reproduction channel setting means  37 . 
     Here, when a tape which is intermittently recorded is reproduced intermittently, a substantially flat and satisfactory reproduction head signal such as shown in (e) or (f) in FIG. 2 can be obtained on the basis of a SW 30  signal  39  representing the period in which the magnetic heads  12  to  15  are in contact with the tape as shown in (b) in FIG.  2 . Needless to say, a substantially flat and satisfactory reproduction head signal can likewise be obtained as shown in (e) or (f) in FIG. 2 when a tape recorded at the normal speed is reproduced at the normal speed. When the tape recorded intermittently is reproduced at the normal speed and this is watched somewhat quickly, a head reproduction head signal above a necessary level can be obtained, although the waveform becomes diamond-like as shown in FIG. 3 because the tilt of the recording track and the reproduction trace is different by one track. Accordingly, the reproduction picture of each of the A, B, C and D channels selected through the switcher  2  can be obtained satisfactorily in both of these cases. 
     In the conventional time lapse VTR described above, however, the reproduction trace orbit of the magnetic heads stretches over six tracks at the time of 5-time speed search as shown in FIG. 4 by way of example in a search reproduction mode in which a tape of intermittent travel multi-channel recording is transported at a high speed. In this case, the outputs of the switch circuits  20  and  21  become diamond-like as shown in (f) and (g) in FIG. 5 and a level detection circuit  32  selects the output which has the higher level, so that the output of the switch circuit  22  becomes such as shown in (h) in FIG.  5 . Assuming that 4-channel picture signals are recorded by four cameras, the output of the switch circuit  22  includes A, B, C and D channels that partially exist in one reproduction field as shown in (i) in FIG.  5 . In other words, each channel is reproduced partially on the TV monitor  38  as shown in FIG. 6 in such a manner as to correspond to the of output of the switch circuit  22  shown in (h) in FIG.  5 . Eventually, the A, B, C and D channels are multiplexed as shown in FIG.  7  and the resulting picture becomes extremely difficult to watch. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is a main object of the present invention to provide a VTR which makes it possible to recognize and confirm easily and correctly a reproduction picture not only when a tape intermittently recorded is reproduced intermittently or at a normal speed but also in search reproduction for watching more quickly a recorded content, irrespective of recording modes such as intermittent recording and normal speed recording. 
     It is another object of the present invention to watch simultaneously, quickly and satisfactorily reproduction pictures of a large number of channels by displaying dividedly pictures of a plurality of channels on a monitor during search reproduction. 
     It is still another object of the present invention to watch sequentially, quickly and satisfactorily reproduction pictures of a large number of channels by displaying dividedly pictures of a plurality of channels on a time division basis at the time of search reproduction. 
     To accomplish the objects described above, the present invention disposes picture switch means for switching picture signals inputted from a plurality of video cameras in a field or frame unit and converting them to one continuous picture signal; recording picture information generation/addition means for generating recording picture information signals such as the total number m of the channels of the video camera outputs combined as one continuous picture signal, each channel number, etc., and adding the information signal to one continuous picture signal described above at the time of recording; four magnetic heads forming two magnetic head pairs (so-called “double azimuth heads”) having mutually different azimuth angles α and β (generally α=+⊖, β=−⊖) and so disposed adjacent to one another on a cylinder as to oppose one another at about 180° (a pair of H 1+ , H 2−  and a pair of H 3− , H 4+ ), for recording and reproducing the continuous picture signals to which the recording picture information signal is added; reproduction signal processing circuit means for reconstructing and reproducing original picture signals from reproduction head signals generated by selecting and switching the outputs from the four magnetic heads; recording picture information detection means for detecting the added recording picture information from the reproduction picture signals at the time of reproduction; system control means for controlling the operation mode of the time lapse VTR in accordance with the operation condition inputted and set by a user such as intermittent recording, normal speed recording, intermittent reproduction, normal speed reproduction, search reproduction, etc; and servo means for optimally setting and controlling a speed multiple k to the normal tape travelling speed in accordance with the total number m of the detection channels from the recording picture information detection means at the time of search reproduction from the mode signal output from the system control means. 
     The present invention disposes image memory means for once converting reproduction picture signals from analog signals to digital signals, writing them into an image memory, and later converting the signals from the digital signals to the analog signals and reading them out; write period control means for generating and outputting a control signal of a write period into the image memory in accordance with the output from the recording picture information detection means for generating and comparing two sets of reproduction head signals (a set of H 1+ , H 3−  and a set of H 2− , H 4+ , or a set of H 1+ , H 4+  and a set of H 2− , H 3− ) from the outputs of the magnetic heads; write control means for controlling write into the image memory; and read control means for controlling read from the image memory. 
     Further, the image memory means is provided with a plurality of image memory regions corresponding to recording signals of multiple channels and with read/thinning-out processing means for thinning and reading out from a plurality of image memory regions in horizontal and vertical directions. 
     The image memory means is provided with write/thinning-out processing means for thinning out and writing into the image memory region in accordance with the write period control signal for each channel. 
     The picture signals from each video camera are selected in the field or frame unit by the switcher means and are converted to a series of continuous picture signals, and then the recording picture information addition means adds the picture information such as the total number m of each picture signal incorporated in the continuous picture signal, each channel number, etc., in the field or frame unit to the vertical retrace line period of the continuous picture signal, for example, and is thereafter recorded by the magnetic heads on the magnetic tape. 
     At the time of reproduction, the reproduction signal processing circuit means selects and switches the outputs from the four magnetic heads and generates a reproduction head signal, and this reproduction head signal is restored and demodulated to the original picture signal. On the other hand, the recording picture information added at the time of recording is detected from the reproduction picture signal by the recording picture information detection means, and the total number m of the channels thus detected is outputted to the servo means and to the write period control means. The servo means optimally sets and controls the speed multiple k to the normal tape travelling speed at the time of search reproduction in accordance with the operation mode set by the user using the system control means and with the total number m of the detection channels from the recording picture information detection means, so that a search reproduction picture can be obtained on the entire surface of the screen of the monitor TV in all the recording channels. 
     The write period control means described above generates two sets of reproduction head signals (a set of H 1+ , H 3−  and a set of H 2− , H 4+ , or a set of H 1+ , H 4+  and a set of H 2− , H 3− ) from the outputs of the magnetic heads, and further generates a control signal representing the write period into the image memory in accordance with the total number m of the detection channels from the recording picture information detection means, each channel number and a search direction signal representing a search direction (a positive or reverse direction) from the system control means on the basis of the reproduction head signals described above. Accordingly, the write control means controls a write operation to a predetermined portion of the image memory means in accordance with this write period control means, so that the reproduction picture signal portion of only a specific desired channel can be written into the image memory means from the picture signals in which each channel is continuously reproduced. Next, the read control means controls sequentially a read operation of the picture signals from the image memory means storing only the specific channels, so that a search reproduction picture of only a specific desired channel can be obtained without multiplex-reproduction of each channel, and a recording content which is extremely easy to watch can be retrieved and confirmed at an extremely high speed. 
     Here, when the set of H 1+ , H 3−  and the set of H 2− , H 4+  are used as the two sets of the reproduction head signals, the magnetic head output having an extremely high level is selected as the reproduction head signal from among the magnetic heads H 1+ , H 2− , H 3− , H 4+  and is demodulated to the original picture signal. The write period control signals for each channel are generated in such a form in which they are taken off for only the period of each count value obtained when counting is made in every m in the case of positive direction search, for example, in accordance with the total number m of the detection channels and with the search direction signal on the basis of the number of state of High and Low of a first α azimuth signal (High representing the α side) or a first β azimuth signal (High representing the β side; an inversion signal of the first α azimuth signal) reproducing a reproduction head period of an azimuth angle on only the α side or the β side and generated from the comparison signal of the two sets of the reproduction head signals (the set of H 1+ , H 3−  and the set of H 2− , H 4+ ) and the SW 30  signal described above. Accordingly, the reproduction picture signals of each channel can be written into the image memory for each channel at the time of search reproduction, and the full screen search reproduction picture can be obtained for each channel. In this case, when the total number m of the detection channels is expressed as the product of prime numbers P n  in accordance with the following equation by expressing the search speed multiple k irrespective of the tape travelling speed at the time of recording (for example, the tape stop condition during intermittent travelling, the tape continuously travels during normal travelling, and the inclination of the recording tape pattern is somewhat different) 
     
       
         m=P 1   l     1   ·P 2   l     2   ·P 3   l     3   ·. . . ·P n   l     n     {circle around (1)} 
       
     
     (where l n  is a natural number), 
     then, a reproduction picture can be obtained throughout the full screen of the TV monitor by satisfying the following relationship 2: 
     
       
         k≠a·P n   {circle around (2)} 
       
     
     (where a is an integer exclusive of 0, and a negative sign represents the opposite direction search). 
     When the set of H 1+ , H 4+  and the set of H 2− , H 3−  are used as the two sets of the reproduction head signals, the outputs of the magnetic heads H 1+ , H 4+  or the outputs of the magnetic heads H 2− , H 3−  are selected as the reproduction head signals, and they are demodulated to the original picture signals. The write period control signal for each channel is generated in the following way in accordance with the total number m of the detection channels on the basis of a second α azimuth signal and a second β azimuth signal exhibiting the state change of High and Low when the waveforms of the two sets of the reproduction head signals (the set of H 1+ , H 4+  and the set of H 2− , H 3− ) become substantially zero, and at each shift point of the recording track. In other words, when the total number m of the detection channels is even-numbered, the write period control signals are generated in such a form in which they are taken off for only the period of each count value obtained by counting the state numbers High and Low of the second α azimuth signal and the second β azimuth signal in every m/2 unit. In this case, the full screen search reproduction picture of each channel can be obtained using both of the two sets of the reproduction head signals (the set of H 1+ , H 4+  and the set of H 2− , H 3− ). When the total number m of the detection channels is odd-numbered, the write period control signals for each channel are generated in such a form in which they are taken off for only the period of each count value obtained by counting the state numbers High and Low of the second α azimuth signal or the second β azimuth signal in every m unit. In this case, the full screen search reproduction picture can be obtained by using either one of the two sets of the reproduction head signals (the set of H 1+ , H 4+  and the set of H 2− , H 3− ) or can be obtained more quickly by using both of them. When the total number m of the detection channels is expressed as the product of a prime number P n , 2 and 4 in accordance with the following equation by expressing the search speed multiple by k, irrespective of the tape travelling speed at the time of recording, 
     
       
         m=2·4 l     0   ·P 1   l     1   ·P 2   l     2   ·P 3   l     3   · . . . ·P n   l     n     {circle around (3)} 
       
     
     (where l n  is a natural number), 
     a reproduction picture can be obtained throughout the full screen of the TV monitor by satisfying the following relational formula 
     
       
         k≠a·P n   {circle around (4)} 
       
     
     (where a is an integer exclusive of 0, a negative sign represents a reverse direction search, and P 0 =4). 
     However, in the case of k=3 speed multiple, a satisfactory search reproduction picture can be obtained for all the channels by deviating the trace positions of the magnetic heads, that is, tracking. 
     Further, when the picture information of each channel stored in the first, second, third and fourth memory regions is sequentially thinned out in both horizontal and vertical directions and are read out by the image memory means, a picture of a plurality of channels can be dividedly displayed on the monitor at the time of search reproduction, and search reproduction pictures of a large number of channels can be watched simultaneously and quickly. Multiple division monitor display can also be made at the time of search reproduction by storing sequentially the picture information of each channel while thinning them out in both horizontal and vertical directions and then reading them out sequentially. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
     FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing principal portions of the construction of a time lapse VTR in accordance with the prior art; 
     FIG. 2 is an explanatory view useful for explaining an operation when intermittent recording and reproduction are carried out using the construction shown in FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 3 is an explanatory view useful for explaining an operation when intermittent recording and reproduction at a normal speed are carried out in the construction shown in FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 4 is an explanatory view useful for explaining a trace orbit at the time of 5× (times) speed search during intermittent recording in the construction shown in FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 5 is an explanatory view useful for explaining an operation timing at the time of intermittent 4-channel recording and 5× speed search in the construction shown in FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a reproduction screen at the time of intermittent 4-channel recording and 5× speed search in the construction shown in FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 7 is an explanatory view useful for explaining the problems of a search screen in the construction shown in FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the construction of principal portions of a time lapse VTR according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 9 is an explanatory view useful for explaining an operation timing at the time of intermittent 4-channel recording and 5× speed search in the construction of the first embodiment; 
     FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a reproduction screen at the time of intermittent 4-channel recording and 5× speed search in the construction of the first embodiment; 
     FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing an operation timing at the time of intermittent 3-channel recording and 5× speed search in the construction of the first embodiment; 
     FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen at the time of intermittent 3-channel recording and 5× speed search in the construction of the first embodiment; 
     FIG. 13 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen at the time of intermittent 2-channel recording and 5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 14 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen at the time of intermittent 6-channel recording and 5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen at the time of intermittent 5-channel recording and 5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 16 is an explanatory view showing the operation timing at the time of intermittent 5-channel recording and 6× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 17 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen at the time of intermittent 5-channel recording and 6× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 18 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen at the time of intermittent 4-channel recording and 6× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 19 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen at the time of intermittent 6-channel recording and 6× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 20 is an explanatory view showing a trace orbit at the time of normal speed recording and 5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 21 is an explanatory view showing the operation timing at the time of normal speed 4-channel recording and 5× speed search in the construction of the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 22 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen at the time of normal speed 4-channel recording and 5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 23 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen at the time of normal speed 5-channel recording and 5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 24 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen in each search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 25 is a block diagram showing the construction of principal portions of a time lapse VTR according to the second embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 26 is an explanatory view showing the operation timing at the time of intermittent 4-channel recording and 5× speed search in the construction of the second embodiment of the invention; 
     FIGS. 27A and 27B are explanatory views showing the reproduction screen at the time of intermittent 4-channel recording and 5× speed search in the second embodiment, wherein FIG. 26A shows the case where a ⊕ azimuth side is selected and FIG. 26B shows the case where a ⊖ azimuth side is selected; 
     FIG. 28 is an explanatory view showing the operation timing at the time of intermittent 3-channel recording and 5× speed search in the second construction of the invention; 
     FIGS. 29A to  29 C are explanatory views, each showing the reproduction screen at the time of intermittent 3-channel recording and 5× speed search in the second embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 30 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen of each search in the second embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 31 is a block diagram showing principal portions in a first modified embodiment of the first and second embodiments of the invention; 
     FIG. 32 is an explanatory view showing the state at the time of search quartering display in the construction shown in FIG. 31; 
     FIG. 33 is an explanatory view showing the state at the time of search multi-division display according to another modified embodiment of the first and second embodiments of the invention; 
     FIG. 34 is an explanatory view showing the operation timing at the time of intermittent 4-channel recording and −5× speed search in the construction of the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 35 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen at the time of intermittent 4-channel recording and −5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 36 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen at the time of intermittent 3-channel recording and −5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 37 is an explanatory view showing the trace orbit at the time of normal speed recording and −5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 38 is an explanatory view showing the operation timing at the time of normal speed 4-channel recording and −5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 39 is an explanatory view showing the operation timing of an example of a first memory write operation at the time of normal speed 4-channel recording and −5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 40 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen of the operation example of FIG. 42 at the time of normal speed 4-channel recording and −5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 41 is an explanatory view showing the timing of an example of the second memory write operation at the time of normal speed 4-channel recording and −5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 42 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen of an operation example of FIG. 44 at the time of normal speed 4-channel recording and −5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 43 is an explanatory view showing the timing of an example of the first memory write operation at the time of normal speed 3-channel recording and −5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 44 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen of an operation example of FIG. 46 at the time of normal speed 3-channel recording and −5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 45 is an explanatory view showing the timing of an example of the second memory write operation at the time of normal speed 3-channel recording and −5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 46 is an explanatory view showing the reproduction screen of the operation example of FIG. 48 at the time of normal speed 3-channel recording and −5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 47 is an explanatory view showing an operation timing at the time of normal speed 2-channel recording and −5× speed search in the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 48 is a diagram showing a discrimination code of a channel number for explaining the invention; 
     FIG. 49 is a diagram showing the position of the discrimination code signal of the channel number for explaining the invention; 
     FIG. 50 is a timing chart of addition of discrimination codes, for explaining the invention; 
     FIG. 51 is a timing chart useful for explaining a detection operation of the channel number; 
     FIG. 52 is a timing chart useful for explaining the operation of the principal portions of the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 53 is a block diagram showing the principal portions of one embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 54 is a block diagram showing another example of the principal portions on the basis of the first embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 55 is a diagram useful for explaining the operation of FIG. 54; 
     FIGS. 56,  57  and  58  are perspective views, each showing a reproduction trace orbit with respect to a recording position of recording picture information inside a recording track; and 
     FIG. 59 is a block diagram of principal portions according to the second modified embodiment of the first and second embodiments of the invention. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to each embodiment shown in the drawings. 
     First of all, the first embodiment of the invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 8 to  24 , and  34  to  47 . FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a time lapse VTR according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
     In FIG. 8, reference numeral  40  denotes a recording picture information signal generation circuit for generating a signal representing recording picture information such as a total number m of channels of inputted picture signals;  41  denotes a recording picture information addition circuit for adding the recording picture information signal described above to a picture output from a picture switching circuit  4 ;  42  is recording picture information detection means for detecting the recording picture information from a reproduction picture signal;  43  denotes a sync separation circuit for separating a sync (synchronization) signal from the reproduction picture signal;  44  is a decoder circuit for converting a chrominance signal from a color high-pass conversion circuit  23  to color difference signals R-Y, B-Y;  45  denotes a color difference signal switch circuit for alternately switching dot-sequentially both color difference signals;  46  denotes an A/D converter;  47  denotes an image memory;  48  denotes a D/A converter;  49  denotes an encoder circuit for converting a luminance signal and the two, color difference signal from the D/A converter to a picture signal;  50  denotes an envelope waveform comparison circuit for comparing the levels of two sets of reproduction head signals (a set of H 1+ , H 3−  and a set of H 2− , H 4+ ) generated from the outputs of the four magnetic heads  12  to  15 ;  51  denotes a write period control circuit for generating a control signal representing a write period for writing a picture signal into the image memory  47  in accordance with the outputs from the recording picture information detection means  42 , the Envelope waveform comparison circuit  50  and the servo means  30 ;  52  denotes a write control circuit for controlling a write operation of writing a picture signal into the image memory  47 ;  53  denotes a reference signal generation circuit for generating a reference signal having a stable frequency; and  54  denotes a read control circuit for controlling a read operation of reading a picture signal from the image memory  47 . Recording picture information generation/addition means comprises the elements  40  and  41 , reproduction signal processing circuit means comprises the elements  16  to  24 ,  31  and  32 , image memory means comprises the constituent members  44  to  49 , and write period control means comprises the constituent members  50  and  51 . In FIG. 5, like reference numerals are used to identify the-same or equivalent portion as that of the prior art example shown in FIG.  1 . 
     Next, the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 9 to  24 . FIG. 9 shows, as an example, each signal timing when 4-channel picture signals are inputted and recorded and are reproduced by a search of 5-times speed (k=5). The picture signals from each video camera are selected for each field or for each frame by the image switch circuit  4  and are converted to a series of continuous picture signals. On the other hand, the recording image information signal generation circuit  40  generates a recording image information signal representing the total number m of the channels of the inputted picture signals, each channel number, etc., by detecting the existence of each input picture signal, or by setting of the mode setting means  26  by the user and using the system control means  27 . Next, the recording picture information signals corresponding to the continuous picture signals described above are added in the field unit or in the frame unit to the vertical retrace line period of the continuous picture signals, for example, and are recorded on the magnetic tape  16  by the magnetic heads (by the set H 1+ , H 3−  or by the set H 2− , H 4+ ) after passing through each circuit  7  to  10 . 
     Here, when the track, on which the picture signals in the 4-channel field unit are sequentially recorded, is reproduced by 5-time speed search as shown in FIG. 4, the switch circuits  20 ,  21  select the magnetic head outputs in accordance with the SW 30  signal shown in FIG.  9 ( a ), and two sets of reproduction head signals (a set of H 1+ , H 3−  and a set of H 2− , H 4+ ) shown in FIGS.  9 ( b ) and  9 ( c ) are generated. Next, the level detection circuit  32  detects the set of the reproduction head signals having a higher level among the two sets. During search reproduction, the reproduction head signals, which have a higher level and are always provided from the switch circuit  22  through the switch circuit  31  as shown in FIG.  9 ( d ), can be obtained. Subsequently, the reproduction picture signals are restored by the reproduction signal processing circuit means. The envelope waveform comparison circuit  50  compares both envelope waveforms obtained by connecting the maximum levels of the two sets of the reproduction head signals as shown in FIG.  9 ( e ), and generates the envelope comparison signal as shown in FIG.  9 ( f ). Next, the write period control circuit  51  obtains the signals such as shown in FIGS.  9 ( g ) and ( h ) by the AND operation between the envelope comparison signal and the SW 30  signal and by the AND operation between the inversion signals of both of these signals, and further generates a first α azimuth signal (High exists on the α side) and a first β azimuth signal (High exists on the β side; an inversion signal of the first α azimuth signal) representing the reproduction head period in which the azimuth angle exists on only the α side or on the β side as shown in FIGS.  9 ( i ) and ( j ), by the OR operation of the signals of FIGS.  9 ( g ) and ( h ). Furthermore, it generates a control signal representing the write period of each channel shown in FIGS.  9 ( k ) to ( n ) in the form, in which the state number of High and Low of the first α azimuth signals (or the first β azimuth signals) is taken off for only the period of each count value when the state number is counted sequentially in every m=4 (by the number subscripted in FIG.  9 ( i )), in accordance with the search direction signal from the system control means  27 , which represents a positive direction in this case, the total number m=4 of the detection channels and the channel number of each track. Accordingly, the control signal representing the write period of each channel corresponds to each specific channel number subscripted to FIG.  9 ( d ), and the reproduction picture signal of the respective channel can be stored in the image memory  47 . 
     Noise is likely to occur pulse-wise in the first α azimuth signal and the first β azimuth signal generated on the basis of the reproduction head signal particularly at the switch point of each reproduction head output and at the time of drop-out, and this noise causes a count error of the states of the first α, β azimuth signals. It is therefore advisable to once eliminate this pulse-like noise. The total number of channels can be detected more accurately by detecting the total number m by travelling once the tape at the normal speed at the start of the search reproduction. 
     In the screen read out from the image memory  47  at this time by the reference signal generation circuit  53  and the read control circuit  54  and searched and reproduced on the TV monitor, the reproduction portion of each channel is different from each field T 1 , T 2 , T 3  . . . , as the half-cycle period of the SW 30  signal as shown in FIG.  10 . In the case of Ach, for example, Ach reproduction picture signals such as , , , . . .  as shown in FIG. 10 are written in the image memory  47  and are read out from the image memory  47 , thereby enabling the full screen to be reproduced by four fields. Needless to say, this also holds true of the other channels. 
     FIG. 11 shows each signal timing when the picture signals of three channels are inputted and recorded, and are reproduced by 5-time speed (k=5). In this case, the control signal generated in the form in which it is taken off for only the period of each count value obtained by sequentially counting the state number of High and Low of the first α azimuth signal (or the first β azimuth signal) in every m=3 (the number subscripted to FIG.  11 ( i )) in accordance with the search direction signal in the positive direction, the total number m=3 of detection channels and the channel number of each track, and representing the write period of each channel as shown in FIGS.  11 ( k ), ( l ), ( m ), corresponds to each specific channel number subscripted to FIG.  11 ( d ), and the reproduction picture signal of only each channel can be stored in the image memory  47 . the screen searched and reproduced on the TV 
     In monitor at this time, the reproduction portion of each channel is different for each field T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , . . . , as shown in FIG.  12 . In the case of Ach, for example, the full screen can be reproduced by three fields. Needless to say, this also holds true of other channels. 
     FIGS. 13 and 14 show the reproduction pictures when the picture signals of two and six channels are inputted and recorded, and are searched and reproduced by search of 5-time speed (k=5). In this case, too, the control signal representing the write period of each channel is generated in accordance with the total number of detection channels m=2, 6, and the reproduction picture signal of only each channel can be stored in the image memory  47 . In the screen searched and reproduced on the TV monitor at this time, the reproduction portion of each channel is different for the fields T 1 , T 2 , T 3  . . . , as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14. In the case of Ach, for example, the full screens can be generated by two and six fields, respectively. Needless to say, this also holds true of other channels. 
     However, when picture signals of five channels are inputted and recorded and are searched and reproduced by 5-time speed (k=5) as shown in FIG. 15, the reproduction picture signal of only a certain specific portion of all channels can be written into the image memory  47 , and the full screen cannot be reproduced. 
     As another example, FIG. 16 shows each signal timing when picture signals of five channels are inputted and recorded, and are reproduced by 6-time speed (k=6) search. In this case, the control signal generated in the form in which it is taken off for only the period of each count value obtained by sequentially counting the state number of High and Low of the first α azimuth signal (or the first β azimuth signal) in every m=5 (the number subscripted to FIG.  16 ( h )), in accordance with the search direction signal in the positive direction in this case, the total number of detection channels m=5 and the channel number of each track, and representing the write period of each channel as shown in FIG.  16 ( i ), ( j ), ( k ), ( l ) or ( m ), corresponds to each specific channel number subscripted to FIG.  16 ( d ), and the reproduction picture signal of only the specific channel can be stored in the image memory  47 . In the screen searched and reproduced on the TV monitor at this time, too, the reproduction portion of each channel is different for each field T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , . . . as shown in FIG.  17 . In the case of Ach, for example, the full screen can be reproduced by the five fields. Needless to say, this also holds true of the other channels. 
     As shown in FIG. 19, however, when the picture signals of  4  and  6  channels are inputted and reproduced, and searched and reproduced by 6-time search (k=6), respectively, the reproduction picture signal of only a certain specific portion of all channels can be written into the image memory  47 , and the full screen cannot be reproduced. 
     On the other hand, during the normal speed recording (at 33.33 mm/sec in the standard mode of the VHS system, for example) in which the tape is travelled continuously at the normal speed, the tape travels during recording trace of the magnetic heads. Accordingly, the inclination of the tape recording pattern rises by one track with respect to the recording pattern of intermittent recording. Therefore, the reproduction trace orbit during search and reproduction, too, becomes such as the one shown in FIG. 20 at the time of 5-time speed search, and becomes different from the orbit at the time of intermittent recording shown in FIG.  4 . 
     FIG. 21 shows each signal timing when picture signals of four channels are inputted and recorded at the normal speed and are searched and reproduced by 5-time speed search (k=5). In this case, the control signal generated in the form in which it is taken off for only the period of each count value obtained by sequentially counting the state number of High and Low of the first α azimuth signal (or the first β azimuth signal) in every m=4 (the number subscripted to FIG.  21 ( h )) in accordance with the search direction signal in the positive direction, the total number of detection channels m=4 and the channel number of each track, and representing the write period of each channel shown in FIGS.  21 ( j ), ( k ), ( l ) or ( m ), corresponds to each specific channel number subscripted to FIG.  21 ( d ), and only the reproduction picture signal of each channel can be stored in the image memory  47 . 
     In the screen searched and reproduced on the TV monitor at this time, too, the reproduction portion of each channel is different for each field T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , . . . as shown in FIG.  22 . In the case of Ach, for example, the full screen can be reproduced by four fields. Needless to say, this also holds true of the other channels. 
     However, when picture signals of five channels are inputted and recorded at the normal speed, and are searched and reproduced by 5-time speed search (k=5) as shown in FIG. 23, the reproduction picture signal of only a certain specific portion of all channels can be written into the image memory  47 , and the full screen cannot be reproduced. 
     Next, the case where search and reproduction is effected in the opposite direction will be explained. In this case, the system control means  27  supplies the search direction signal representing the opposite direction to the write period control circuit  51 . The write period control circuit  51  generates the control signal representing the write period of each channel in accordance with the opposite direction search, and the reproduction picture signal corresponding to the respective channel is stored in the image memory  47 . FIG. 34 shows each signal timing when input picture signals of four channels are intermittently recorded, and are searched and reproduced by 5-time speed (k=−5) in the opposite direction. In this case, the control signal generated in the form in which it is taken off for only the period of each count value obtained by sequentially counting the state number of High and Low of the first α azimuth signal (or the first β azimuth signal) in every m=4 (the number subscripted to FIG.  34 ( i )), in accordance with the search direction signal in the opposite direction and the total number of detection channels m=4, and representing the write period of each channel as shown in FIGS. 34 ( k ), ( l ), ( m ) or ( n ), corresponds to each specific channel number subscripted to FIG.  34 ( d ), and the reproduction picture signal of only the respective channel can be stored in the image memory  47 . 
     In the screen searched and reproduced on the TV monitor at this time, the reproduction portion of each channel is different for each field T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , . . . as shown in FIG.  35 . In the case of Ach, for example, the full screen can be reproduced by four fields. Needless to say, this also holds true of the other channels. 
     FIG. 36 shows the reproduction picture when the input picture signals of three channels are intermittently recorded and are reproduced by 5-time speed search (k=−5) in the opposite direction. In this case, too, the control signal representing the write period of each channel is generated in accordance with the total number of detection channels m=3, and the reproduction picture signal of only each channel can be stored in the image memory  47 . In the screen searched and reproduced on the TV monitor at this time, the reproduction portion of each channel is different for each field T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , . . . as shown in FIG.  36 . In the case of Ach, for example, the full screen can be reproduced by three fields. Needless to say, this also holds true of the other channels. 
     On the other hand, when the tape, on which the input picture signals of multiple channels are recorded at the normal speed, are searched and reproduced, a trace start position of a next magnetic head exists in front of the recording track, tracing of which is completed by a certain magnetic head, as illustrated in the case of 5-time speed search in the opposite direction shown in FIG.  37 . Therefore, the control signal representing the write period of each channel is not generated in the form in which it is taken off for only the period of each count value obtained by sequentially counting the state number of High and Low of the first α azimuth signal (or the first β azimuth signal) in every m in accordance with the total number m of detection channels. 
     FIG. 38 shows each signal timing when picture signals of four channels are recorded at the normal speed and are reproduced by 5-time speed search (k=−5) in the opposite direction. In this case, even when the control signal representing the write period of each channel is generated in the form in which it is taken off for only the period of each count value obtained by sequentially counting the state number of High and Low of the first α azimuth signal (or the first β azimuth signal) in every m=4 (the number subscripted to FIG.  38 ( h ), e.g. 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, . . . ) in accordance with the total number of detection channels m=4, the control signal does not correspond to the channel number of each specific channel subscripted to FIG.  38 ( d ). 
     The first method in this case generates the write period control signal in the form in which it is taken off for only the period representing the reproduction picture signal of only the respective channel as shown in FIG.  39 . One cycle of the write period control signal in this case is constituted by four fields in the case of four channel recording as shown in FIG.  39 . In other words, it is constituted by m field which is the same as the number of the recording channels, and the write period control signal may be repeatedly generated in this cycle unit as shown in FIGS.  39 ( d ), ( e ), ( f ) and ( g ). 
     Accordingly, in the screen searched and reproduced on the TV monitor at this time, too, the reproduction portion of each channel is different for each field T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , . . . as shown in FIG.  40 . In the case of Ach, for example, the full screen can be reproduced by four fields. Needless to say, this also holds true of the other channels. 
     The second method generates a new first azimuth signal a by inverting the state immediately after the switch of the first α azimuth signal to the SW 30  signal as shown in FIG.  41  and then generates the write period control signal of each channel in the same way as in the case of FIG.  34 . In other words, it generates the control signal in the form in which it is taken off for only the period of each count value obtained by sequentially counting the state number of High and Low of the first α azimuth signal a in every m=4 (the number subscripted to FIG. 41) in accordance with the search direction signal in the opposite direction and the total number of detection channels m=4, as shown in FIGS.  41 ( e ), ( f ), ( g ) or ( h ). In the screen searched and reproduced on the TV monitor at this time, the screens of other channels are displayed in a limited region at the upper part of the screen, but the reproduction portion of each channel is different for each field T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , . . . , as shown in FIG.  42 . In the case of Ach, for example, almost all the screens can be reproduced by four fields. Needless to say, this also holds true of the other channels. This method provides the advantage that signal processing can be executed in the same way as at the time of search in the positive direction or the search of the intermittent recording in the opposite direction. 
     FIG. 43 shows each signal timing when picture signals of three channels are recorded at the normal speed and are reproduced by 5-time speed search in the opposite direction (k=−5) according to the first method. In this case, too, the write period control signal is generated in the form such that only the period representing the reproduction picture signals of only the respective channel are taken out, in the same way as in FIG.  39 . The cycle of the write period control signal at this time is three fields in the same way as the number of recording channels, and the write period control signals of each channel may be generated repeatedly in the 3-field unit as shown in FIGS.  43 ( d ), ( e ) and ( f ). In the screen searched and reproduced on the TV monitor, the reproduction portion of each channel is different for each field T 1 , T 2 , T 3  as shown in FIG.  44 . In the case of Ach, for example, the full screen can be reproduced by three fields. Needless to say, this also holds true of the other channels. 
     FIG. 45 shows the case of the second method which generates the new first α azimuth signal a by inverting the state immediately after the switch of the first α azimuth signal to the SW 30  signal, and generates the write period control signal of each channel on the basis of this first α azimuth signal a in the same way as in the case of FIG.  34 . 
     In FIG. 45, the control signal representing the write cycle of each channel shown in FIGS.  41 ( e ), ( f ) and ( g ) is generated in the form in which is taken off for only the period of each count value obtained by sequentially counting the state number High and Low of the first α azimuth signal in every m=3 (the number subscripted to FIG.  45 ( d )) in accordance with the search direction signal in the opposite direction the total number of detection channels m=3. In the screen searched and reproduced at this time on the TV monitor, the screens of other channels appear in a limited region at the upper part of the screen as shown in FIG. 46, but the reproduction portion of each channel becomes different for each field T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , . . . ,. In the case of Ach, for example, the screen can be reproduced substantially fully by three fields, and this case provides the advantage that signal processing can be executed in the same way as at the time of search in the positive direction and at the time of search in the opposite direction during intermittent recording. 
     FIG. 47 shows each signal timing when picture signals of two channels are recorded at the normal speed and are reproduced by 5-time speed search in the opposite direction (k=−5). In this case, it is obvious that signal processing may be the same as that of the case of FIG.  34 . 
     In the first embodiment given above, the explanation has been given on the search reproduction pictures obtained when the recording travelling mode is different such as different total numbers of recording channels m, different search speeds multiple k and intermittent and normal speed recording. These and other cases are altogether shown in FIG.  24 . 
     From FIG. 24, when the total number m of detection channels is expressed as the product of prime numbers P n  in accordance with the formula {circle around (1)} with k representing the number of search speed multiples, irrespective of the tape travelling speed at the time of recording (for example, the tape stop state in intermittent travelling, continuous travelling during normal travelling and some differences of inclination of the recording tape patterns): 
     
       
         m=P 1   l     1   ·P 2   l     2   ·P 3   l     3   · . . . ·P n   l     n     {circle around (1)} 
       
     
     (where l n  is a natural number) 
     then, the reproduction pictures can be obtained over the entire screen of the TV monitor for all the channels by satisfying the following formula 2: 
     
       
         k≠a·P n   {circle around (2)} 
       
     
     (where a is an integer other than 0, and a negative sign represents the search in the opposite direction). 
     In FIG. 24, whether search reproduction is possible or not possible is indicated by only the case where the multiple k of the search speed is an integer for each channel number, but when k is other than the integer, the search reproduction screen is not fixed but moves sequentially. Accordingly, it is obvious that reproduction can be made throughout the full screen at the time of search reproduction. 
     The write period control means described above generates the control signal representing the write period into the image memory for only each channel in accordance with the total number of detection channels m, and the reproduction picture signal portion of only a specific desired channel can be written from the picture signals of continuous reproduction of each channel into the image memory means. Next, the read control means described above sequentially controls readout of the picture signals from the image memory means storing therein only the specific channel, and consequently, the search reproduction picture of only the desired specific channel can be obtained without multiplex reproduction of each channel. Accordingly, the recorded content can be searched and confirmed extremely easily and at a high speed in the form in which it can be watched extremely easily. In this case, since the continuous reproduction head outputs are once generated, the satisfactory operation having a low possibility of occurrence of erroneous operation can be obtained during detection of the total number of recording channels and separation of the sync signals. Needless to say, when the tape which is intermittently recorded is intermittently reproduced or when the tape which is recorded at the normal speed is reproduced at the normal speed, the substantially flat and satisfactory head reproduction signals such as those shown in FIG.  2 ( e ) or ( f ) of FIG.  3 ( e ) can be obtained for each field. 
     Next, the second embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 25 to  30 . FIG. 25 is a block diagram of the time lapse VTR according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 25, reference numeral  60  denotes an envelope detection circuit for detecting the maximum level of the reproduction head signals from the switch circuits  21 ,  22 , and like reference numerals are put to the same or equivalent portions to those in the first embodiment shown in FIG.  8 . 
     The operation of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 25 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 26 to  30 . FIG. 25 shows each signal timing when the picture signals of four channels are inputted and recorded and are reproduced by 5-time speed search (k=5) by way of example. When the track on which the picture signals in the field unit of four channels are sequentially recorded by intermittent travelling are reproduced by 5-time speed search as shown in FIG. 4, the magnetic head outputs are first selected by the switch circuits  20 ,  21  in accordance with the SW 20  signal shown in FIG.  26 ( a ), and the α azimuth reproduction head signals and the β azimuth reproduction head signals (the set of H 1+ , H 4+  and the set of H 2− , H 3− ) each comprising only one of the azimuth sides as shown in FIGS.  26 ( b ) and ( c ) can be generated. Further, the envelope detection circuit  60  detects both envelope waveforms connecting the maximum levels of the α azimuth reproduction head signals and the β azimuth reproduction head signals. Next, the write period control circuit  51  generates the second α azimuth signals and the second β azimuth signals each exhibiting the state change of High and Low whenever both azimuth reproduction head signal waveforms become substantially zero and at the turning point of the recording tracks, and further generates the write period control signal for each channel in accordance with the total number of detection channels m in the following way. In other words, when the total number of detection channels is even-numbered such as m=4, the write period control circuit generates the write period control signal for each channel in the form in which it is taken off by each count value obtained by counting the state number of High and Low of the second α azimuth signals and the second β azimuth signals in the unit of m/2=2 (the number subscripted to FIGS.  26 ( d ) and ( e )), as shown in FIGS.  26 ( f ), ( g ), ( h ) and ( i ). The system control circuit  27  supplies the control signal such as the one shown in FIG.  26 ( j ) or ( k ) to the switch circuit  22 , and the azimuth reproduction signals on the desired reproduction channel side set by the mode setting input means  26  are selected and outputted. Thereafter, these output signals are restored to the picture signals. Accordingly, the control signal representing the write period of each channel corresponds to each specific channel number subscripted to FIGS.  26 ( b ) and ( c ), and the reproduction picture signals of only each respective channel can be stored in the image memory  47  through the write control circuit  52 . 
     In the screen read out from the image memory  47  by the reference signal generation circuit  53  and the read control circuit  54 , and searched and reproduced on the TV monitor, the reproduction portion of each channel is different for each field T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , . . . as the half-cycle period of the SW 20  signal as shown in FIGS. 27A and 27B. In the case of Ach, for example, the full screen can be reproduced by three fields. Needless to say, this also holds true of the other channels. In other words, the full surface search reproduction picture of each channel can be obtained by the use of two sets of reproduction head signals (the set of H 1+ , H 4+  and the set of H 2− , H 3− ). 
     FIG. 28 shows each signal timing when the picture signals of three channels are inputted and recorded and are reproduced by 5-time speed search (k=5), by way of example. When the track, on which the picture signals in the field unit of three channels are sequentially recorded by intermittent travelling, is reproduced by 5-time speed search, the switch circuits  20 ,  21  first select the magnetic head outputs in accordance with the SW 30  signal shown in FIG.  28 ( a ), and the α azimuth reproduction head signals and the β azimuth reproduction head signals (the set of H 1+ , H 4+  and the set of H 2− , H 3− ) each comprising one of the azimuth sides as shown in FIGS.  28 ( b ) and ( c ) are generated. Further, the envelope detection circuit  60  detects both envelope waveforms obtained by connecting the maximum levels of the α azimuth reproduction head signals and the β azimuth reproduction head signals. Next, the write period control circuit  51  generates the second α azimuth signal and the second β azimuth signal each exhibiting the state change of High and Low whenever both azimuth reproduction head signal waveforms become substantially zero and at the turning point of the recording tracks as shown in FIGS.  28 ( d ) and ( e ), and further generates the write period control signal for each channel in the following way. In other words, when the total number of detection channels is odd-numbered such as m=3, the write period control circuit  51  generates the write period control signal for each channel in the form in which it is taken off for only the period of each count value obtained by sequentially counting the state number of High and Low of the second α azimuth signal or the second β azimuth signal in the unit of m=3 (the number subscripted to FIGS.  28 ( d ) and ( e )), as shown in FIGS.  28 ( f ), ( g ) and ( h ) or FIGS.  28 ( i ), ( j ) and ( k ). Accordingly, the control signal representing the write period of each channel corresponds to each specific channel number subscripted to FIGS.  28 ( b ) and ( c ), and the reproduction picture signals of only the respective channel can be stored in the image memory  47 . In this case, the search reproduction picture of all the channels can be obtained by either one of the two sets of reproduction head signals (the set of H 1+ , H 4+  and the set of H 2− , H 3− ). Further, the full surface search reproduction picture of each channel can be obtained within a shorter time when both of the two sets of reproduction head signals are used as shown in FIGS.  28 ( l ), ( m ) and ( n ). 
     The screen searched and reproduced at this time on the TV monitor is generated by only one of the two sets of the reproduction head signals and becomes such as shown in FIGS. 29A and 29B, and the full screen can be reproduced by four to five fields. When both of the two sets of the reproduction head signals are used, the full screen can be reproduced by two field or in other words, within a shorter period, as shown in FIG.  29 C. 
     In the second embodiment given above, the explanation has been given on the search reproduction pictures obtained when the recording travelling modes are different such as when the total numbers of recording channels m, different search speed multiples k and intermittent and normal speed recording. These and other cases are altogether shown in FIG.  30 . 
     From FIG. 30, when the total number of detection channels m is expressed as the product of prime numbers P n , 2 and 4 in accordance with the formula {circle around (3)} with k representing the number of search speed multiples irrespective of the tape travelling speed at the time of recording (for example, the tape stop state in intermittent travelling, continuous travelling during normal travelling and some differences of inclination of the recording tape patterns): 
      m=2·4 l     0   ·P 1   l     1   ·P 2   l     2   ·P 3   l     3   · . . . ·P n   l     n     {circle around (3)} 
     (where l n  is a natural number) 
     then, the reproduction pictures can be obtained over the entire screen of the TV monitor for all the channels by satisfying the following formula {circle around (4)}: 
     
       
         k≠a·P n   {circle around (4)} 
       
     
     (where a is an integer other than 0, a negative sign represents the search in the opposite direction and P 0 =4). 
     When k=3, however, a satisfactory search reproduction picture can be obtained for all the channels by deviating the trace positions of the magnetic heads, that is, by deviating tracking. 
     The write period control means described above generates the control signal representing the write period into the image memory for only each channel in accordance with the total number of detection channels m, and the reproduction picture signal portion of only a specific desired channel can be written from the picture signals of continuous reproduction of each channel into the image memory means. Next, the read control means described above sequentially controls readout of the picture signals from the image memory means storing therein only the specific channel, and consequently, the search reproduction picture of only the desired specific channel can be obtained without multiple reproduction of each channel. Accordingly, the recorded content can be searched and confirmed extremely easily and at a high speed in the form in which it can be watched extremely easily. In this case, there can be obtained the advantage that no limitation to the search speed multiple k does not exist and the extraction period of the full screen may be shorter in comparison with the first embodiment. Furthermore, the extracted picture positions overlap with one another and a satisfactory reproduction picture devoid of pictures of other channels and noise at the same can be obtained. 
     Needless to say, in the second embodiment, when the tape which is intermittently recorded is intermittently reproduced or when the tape which is recorded at the normal speed is reproduced at the normal speed, the substantially flat and satisfactory head reproduction signals such as those shown in FIG.  2 ( e ) or ( f ) and FIG.  3 ( e ) can be obtained for each field in the same way as in the prior art. 
     In an embodiment of the recording picture information generation/addition means comprising the recording picture information signal generation circuit  40  for generating the signals representing the recording picture information such as the channel number of the inputted picture signals and the recording picture information addition circuit  41  for adding the recording picture information signals described above to the picture input from the picture switch circuit  4 , the recording picture information signal generation circuit  40  first detects the channel of the inputted picture signals by detecting the existence of the sync signal of each input picture signal or by the setting operation of the mode setting input means by the user through the system control means, for example, and further generates the discrimination code signal representing each channel number of the input picture signal as the recording picture information signal, as shown in FIGS. 48 and 49. Next, the recording picture information addition circuit  41  adds the discrimination code signal of the channel number corresponding to each channel of the continuous picture signal described above in the field unit to the vertical retrace line period, shown in FIG. 50, of the continuous picture signal described above. After passing through each circuit  7  to  10 , the signals are recorded to the magnetic tape by the magnetic heads (by the set of H 1+ , H 3−  or the set of H 2− , H 4+ ). This is the case where each channel number is encoded as the recording picture information, and during search and reproduction, the recording picture information detection means  42  sequentially detects the channel number and thereby detects the total number of the channels. However, according to this method, it is not easy to detect the total number of the channels. In contrast, in the present invention, the tape is once reproduced at the normal speed, at which it can travel stably, at the start of search and reproduction by the servo means, the channel numbers are sequentially detected and the total number of the channels is correctly detected. This will be explained in further detail with reference to FIG.  51 . When search and reproduction is started by input setting of the search mode from the mode setting input means (FIG.  51 ( a )), the servo means  30  once reproduces the tape at the normal travelling speed as shown in FIG.  51 ( b ). The recording picture information detection means  42  takes out the discrimination code from the vertical retrace line period to which the discrimination codes are added, during the normal speed reproduction period as shown in FIG.  51 ( e ), sequentially discriminates each channel number as shown in FIG.  55 ( f ), and detects the total number of the channels at the repetition of the channel that is first taken out, as shown in FIG.  51 ( g ). Thereafter, the servo means  30  controls the capstan shaft, etc., so that the tape can be reproduced at the search travelling speed. Accordingly, the total number of the channels can be first detected correctly at the start of search. Further thereafter, the azimuth signal corresponding to the reproduction head signal is obtained during search travelling as shown in FIG.  51 ( h ), and the write period control signal of each channel can be obtained in accordance with the detected total number of the channels and the discriminated channel number, as shown in FIG.  51 ( i ). The write period control signal corresponding to each channel can also be generated and controlled during search reproduction in accordance with the detected channel number. Even when a wrong Ach write period control signal is generated because an azimuth signal is erroneously generated, for example, as shown in FIG.  51 ( i ), the correct write period control signal can be obtained immediately by the channel number discriminated thereafter (discrimination of Ach in the case of the example shown in FIG.  51 ). In other words, when the generated write period control signal and the channel number detected during search reproduction are compared and they are found different, the write period control signal is automatically corrected in accordance with the detected channel number, and even when any error occurs in the azimuth signal as the basis of the generation of the write period control signal, the reproduction picture can be automatically restored to the search reproduction picture of the predetermined channel in accordance with the channel number detected during search reproduction. Needless to say, similar effects can be obtained by generating the write period control signal while resetting for each field on the basis of the channel number obtained for each reproduction field and shown in FIG.  51 . 
     The operation of an embodiment of the principal portions will be further explained with reference to FIG.  52 . Even when noise having a short pulse width is generated by the operation shown in FIG. 52, the write period signal of each channel can be generated in such a manner that a search picture having no visual problem can be obtained. When the continuous reproduction head signals (RF signals) are obtained in the form of abacus from the switch circuit  22  as shown in FIG.  52 ( a ), the levels of two sets of reproduction head signals (the set of H 1+ , H 3−  and the set of H 2− , H 4+ ) become opposite to one another in an instant near the switching portion of the reproduction head outputs or at the time of drop-out. In such a case, a pulse corresponding to the instantaneous level change is superposed on the desired signal the state of which changes in response to each channel period of the RF signal as the envelope comparison signal, and provides a pulse-like noise as shown in FIG.  52 ( c ). Accordingly, this pulse-like noise occurs also in the azimuth signal as shown in FIG.  52 ( d ). In contrast, in order to discriminate a pulse having a pulse width below the predetermined pulse width Td from the azimuth signal as the noise, a mono-multi signal having a pulse width Td is first generated from both edge timings of the azimuth signal as shown in FIG.  52 ( e ), and noise discrimination is conducted by checking whether or not the pulse of the mono-multi signal described finishes at the edge timing of the next azimuth signal. In this way, the write period signal for each channel is generated by changing the channel number counter. In other words, as shown in FIG.  52 ( f ), the noise is judged as existing when the mono-multi signal pulse is not yet finished, and the channel number is returned to the previous channel number at the edge timing of the next azimuth signal. On the other hand, when the mono-multi signal pulse is finished, the pulse is not judged as the noise, and the channel number is changed to the next channel number at the edge timing of the next azimuth signal (counted in the decreasing direction in the case of the opposite search). Moreover, the code of the channel number is judged at the timing immediately after the edge of the SW 30  signal as shown in FIG.  52 ( g ), and the channel number can be automatically returned to the normal number at this timing. Accordingly, the write period signal shown in FIGS.  52 ( h ) to ( k ) can be obtained from the channel number signal and the code judgement signal described above. In this case, the write period signal becomes a write period signal different from the desired channel number in the noise period, and the search reproduction picture becomes the one containing the reproduction pictures of other channels during only this period. However, this noise period is short and seldom occurs. Accordingly, the search reproduction picture free from practical problems can be obtained. 
     If a signal representing the total number of channels is encoded and generated in place of code judgement of existence of each channel and is recorded, the operation mode immediately enters the search mode without the pre-play operation shown in FIG. 22 by detecting the total number of channels by code judgement simultaneously with the start of search, and a satisfactory search reproduction picture selected for each channel can of course be obtained. 
     FIG. 53 shows an embodiment of the principal portions of the embodiment shown in FIG.  8 . The sync separation circuit  101  separates the sync signal of each input picture signal. The recording channel control means  103  judges the existence or absence of each input picture signal on the basis of the sync signal thus separated, selects the channels as the reference in a predetermined sequence from the inputted picture channels and controls the switch circuit  102  so that the sync signal of the reference channel is outputted selectively to the picture switching means  4 . Moreover, the recording channel control means  103  controls the picture switching means  4  in such a manner that the reference sync signal described above is added to the input signal and switched in accordance with the number of the inputted picture channels and with the search travelling speed, or controls the picture switching means  4  in such a manner as to decrease the picture channels to be recorded with respect to the picture channels having the input. The recording channel control means  103  controls the recording picture information signal generation/addition means  41  so that the channel number corresponding to the selected picture channel selected by the picture switching means  4  and the recording picture information such as the total number m of the selected channels are added to predetermined position of the picture signal (for example, a part of the vertical retrace line period) for each field. 
     Here, if the tape travelling speed multiple k is expressed as the product of prime numbers P n  in the following formula {circle around (5)}: 
     
       
         |k|=P 1   l     1   ·P 2   l     2   ·P 3   l     3   · . . . ·P n   l     n     {circle around (5)} 
       
     
     (where ln is a natural number), 
     a satisfactory search picture can be displayed throughout the full picture region for each picture channel when the number m of the picture channels inputted to and recorded by the picture switching means described above satisfies the relation {circle around (6)}: 
     
       
         m≠a·P n   {circle around (6)} 
       
     
     (where a is a natural number) 
     Furthermore, when the number m of the picture channels inputted to and recorded by the picture switching means described above is expressed by the following formula {circle around (7)}: 
     
       
         m=a·P n   {circle around (7)} 
       
     
     (where a is a natural number), 
     the recording channel control means  103  controls the picture switching means  4  so that the reference sync signal from the switch circuit  102  is added to the input picture signal and is sequentially switched and outputted with respect to the number q of the picture channels inputted to the picture switching means, or so that a certain channel among the inputted picture channels is not switched and outputted. In other words, it increases or decreases the number of recording picture channels with respect to the number of the inputted picture channels so that the number m′ of the picture channels to be recorded satisfies the following relation {circle around (8)}: 
     
       
         m′≠a·P n   {circle around (8)} 
       
     
     (where a is a natural number) 
     Accordingly, as can be clearly appreciated from FIG. 24, the search picture can be displayed throughout the full screen region for each of the picture channels. 
     The explanation given above explains that only a specific channel of a plurality of recording channels can be selected and watched quickly and satisfactorily during search and reproduction. However, the search picture of each picture channel can be sequentially watched on the full screen by generating a respective write period control signal representing a reproduction portion to only each specific channel, writing it to the image memory corresponding to each specific picture channel, and reading out on the time division basis the image memory of each picture channel at the time of readout. 
     If the image memory means is constituted as represented by the modified embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 31 and 59 (if the image memory  47  of the first and second embodiments is constituted as shown in FIGS.  31  and  59 ), it is possible to obtain the effect that the pictures of a large number of channels can be dividedly displayed on the monitor at the time of search and reproduction and at the same time, the full screen search/reproduction pictures of a plurality of channels can be watched quickly and satisfactorily. 
     Hereinafter, the case where the tape having 4-channel picture signals intermittently recorded thereon is searched and reproduced, will be explained by way of example, with reference to FIG. 31. A luminance signal and a point sequence color difference signal converted to digital signals by the A/D convertor  46  are controlled by the write control circuit  52  in accordance with the write period control signal for each channel (Ach, Bch, Cch, Dch) generated by the write period control circuit  51 , and the reproduction picture of each channel is sequentially stored into each of the first to fourth image memory regions  61  to  64  by the image memory means  47 , thereby providing the full screen reproduction picture of each channel. Next, the read control circuit  54  reads out the picture information of each channel stored in each of the first to fourth image memory regions  61  to  64  while skipping by one pixel in the horizontal direction and by one line in the horizontal direction through the read/thinning-out processing means  65 , and effects the control in such a manner as to read out the lines that have been previously thinned out or skipped. In this way, the search reproduction picture of each channel shown in FIGS.  32 ( a ) to ( d ) can be simultaneously displayed by 4-split display and can be viewed quickly for all the four channels as shown in FIG.  32 ( e ), and the retrieving function can be drastically improved. 
     If the image memory means  47  is constituted as shown in FIG. 31, it is of course possible to select, search and quickly watch only a certain specific channel among of a plurality of recording channels without the thinning-out processing. In this case, since the reproduction picture is always stored in the corresponding image memory region for all of the channels, there can be obtained the effect that when the channel is switched to the one which is desired to be quickly watched, a satisfactory search picture can be watched instantaneously. Further, when display is switched from a multi-division picture display to display of a certain specific channel, the switching operation can be made instantaneously without delay. If the channel number corresponding to each split picture is added and interposed to each monitor screen, the user can immediately know the display position of each camera, and the system becomes easier to use. 
     FIG. 33 shows an embodiment of another display operation of the present invention wherein a required number of image memory regions are provided and are controlled in the same way as in the case of FIG.  31 . Similarly, quick confirmation can be made easier to watch. FIG.  33 ( a ) shows 9-split display wherein the pixels are thinned out two pixels by two in the horizontal direction while the lines are skipped two lines by two in the vertical direction. In FIG.  33 ( b ), the channel Ach is not thinned out but the channel Bch is thinned out in a proportion corresponding to the size of the screen so as to attain two-screen display of “picture in picture”. FIG.  33 ( c ) shows the 4-split display where one channel is kept blank while only three channels are recorded. Further, in FIG.  33 ( d ), the pixels are thinned out three pixels by three in the horizontal direction and the lines are skipped three lines by three in the vertical direction so that the search reproduction picture can be quickly watched by 16-split display. 
     Next, another structural example of the image memory means will be explained with reference to FIG.  59 . In FIG. 59, the luminance signal and the point sequence color difference signal converted to the digital signals by the A/D convertor  46  are controlled by the write control circuit  52  in accordance with the write period control signal for each channel (for example, Ach, Bch, Cch and Dch in the case of four channels) generated by the write period control circuit  51 , and the reproduction pictures of all the channels are once stored sequentially in the first image memory region  61  by the image memory means  47  through the write thinning-out processing means  68 . In this case, the write thinning-out processing means  68  thins out sequentially the picture information of each channel one pixel by one in the horizontal direction and skips it one line by one in the vertical direction, writes the picture information into the first image memory region  61  and then writes the thinned-out or skipped lines in the next field. At the time of read-out from the memory, the picture information which has already been assorted into one picture and is stored in the first image memory region is sequentially read out. In this way, the search reproduction picture of each channel shown in FIGS.  32 ( a ) to ( d ) can be watched quickly and simultaneously for all the four channels as shown in FIG.  32 ( a ) using only one image memory region in the same way as in FIG. 31, and the retrieving function can be drastically improved. In this case, too, it is of course possible to accomplish multi-division display by the thinning-out processing at the time of write as shown in FIG.  33 . 
     FIG. 54 shows an embodiment of other principal portions on the basis of the first embodiment, and like reference numerals are used to identify the same or equivalent portions as in FIG.  8 . In FIG. 54, the recording information period signal, which is generated by the recording information period generation means  105  on the basis of the vertical sync signal from the sync separation circuit  43  shown in FIG.  55 ( b ), and which is shown in FIG.  55 ( c ), is supplied to the tracking control signal generation means  106  with the signal representing the envelope level of the reproduction signals inputted from the magnetic heads through the switch circuit  22  detected by the envelope detection circuit  104 . The tracking control signal generation means  106  generates a signal representing the reproduction signal level of the period, in which the recording picture information is added, on the basis of both of the input signals described above, and controls the servo means  30  in such a manner that the reproduction signal level in the recording picture information period becomes maximal. In other words, if the reproducing trace orbit  117  is shown as shown in FIGS. 56 and 57 with respect to the recording position  116  of the recording picture information in the recording tracks  114  and  115  having the azimuth angle α and β, respectively, and shown in FIGS. 56 to  58 , the reproduction signal outputs are as shown in FIGS.  55 ( d ) and ( e ), so that the reproduction signal level cannot be obtained sufficiently during the recording picture information period and the recording picture information cannot be detected normally. In contrast, in the present invention, the condition shown in FIGS. 56 and 57 is subjected to the tracking control to the condition shown in FIG. 58 so that the reproduction signal level of the recording picture information period becomes maximal as shown in FIG.  55 ( f ) and at least a level, at which the recording picture information can be normally detected, can always be obtained. 
     Here, in the servo means  30 , the rotation phase pulse from the rotation phase detector  107  is converted to the SW 30  signal through the waveform shaping circuit  108  and its phase is compared with that of the reference signal REF 1  from the reference signal generator  110  by the phase comparison circuit  109 . The cylinder  16  rotates while its phase is in synchronism with that of the reference signal REF 1 . On the other hand, the reference signal REF 2  from the reference signal generator  110  is delayed by the tracking varying circuit  111 , and the phase of this delayed reference signal DREF 2  is compared with the phase of the control signal detected by the control head  28  so as to control the capstan motor  29 . As a result, the capstan motor  29  is controlled in such a manner that the phase of the control signal is in synchronism with the phase of the delayed reference signal DREF 2 . Here, the phase relationship between the recording tracks  114 ,  115  and the reproduction trace orbit  117  in the track width-wise direction can be made variable by varying the delay time of the tracking varying circuit  111 . Therefore, the data processing circuit  113  receives the signal representing the reproduction signal level of the recording picture information period from the tracking control signal generation means  106  and controls variably the delay time. Td in the tracking varying circuit  111 . 
     The data processing circuit  113  first stores temporarily the level signal of the recording picture information period at the present point of time (t 1 ), next increases or decreases the delay time Td in the tracking varying circuit  111  by ΔT, and as a result, judges whether the level signal of the recording picture information period at this point (t 2 ) increases or decreases from the temporary storage value. If it increases from the storage value, the delay time Td is further increased or decreased by ΔT in the same direction. If it decreases from the storage value, the direction of increase or decrease is reversed and the delay time Td is decreased or increased by ΔT. The value of the level signal of the recording picture information period obtained at this time (t 3 ) is again compared with the temporary storage value of the time (t 2 ) immediately before and the same procedure is carried out. The level of the reproduction signal during the period in which the recording picture information is added can be automatically controlled and set to a value substantially near the maximum value by repeating such a series of operations. 
     The embodiments given above explain the case where the recording channel sequentially changes for each recording track. However, when a certain picture channel has a plurality of recording tracks or when the recording channel changes for each of a plurality of tracks, it is of course possible to obtain a satisfactory write period control signal and to obtain similar effects to those described above by sequentially detecting the channel number, inclusive of the sequence, by normal reproduction or search reproduction, and not changing the write period control signal for the same channel appearing a plurality of times. 
     As described above, continuous picture signals are recorded intermittently or at a normal speed by sequentially switching a plurality of channels in the field or frame unit and then search reproduction is effected. In this instance, the present invention can obtain the search reproduction picture of only a desired specific channel without multiple reproduction of each channel, and a picture which is extremely easy to watch can be obtained and the recording content can be retrieved and confirmed easily and at a high speed. The pictures of a large number of channels can be dividedly displayed on the monitor at the time of search reproduction and at the same time, the full screen search reproduction pictures of a plurality of channels can be watched quickly and satisfactorily.