Abstract:
A multi-functional vacuum processing apparatus for luminous tubes (especially for neon tubes), glass containers, food containers, and cosmetic containers, generally includes a body fame, a vacuum pump, a main pipe, a plurality of valves, a plurality of gas tanks, a thermometer, an adjustable current controller and high voltage transformer, a turbine vacuum pump, a turbine controller, an inspector, safety sensors, and a control panel, whereby one whereby one can carry out vacuum processing procedures with fully or semi-automatic operations so that no skilful operators are required and ordinary operators can increase quality, working efficiency, service life and production rate, and decrease costs, and can provide protection, safety, troubleshooting and inspection functions.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention is related to a multi-functional vacuum processing apparatus and in particular to one which enables ordinary operators to carry out vacuum processing with fully or semi-automatic operation, thereby improving the vacuum processing quality of products and increasing the production rate. Further, the multi-functional vacuum processing apparatus can provide protection, safety, troubleshoot and inspection functions. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     Although neon lights have been invented for more than 100 years, the production method has not changed, and has not been improved upon. Their application ranges from the neon signs on the wall to the neon advertisement on the top of a building, to outdoor neon advertisement signs to the indoor neon hanging lights and some architecture with neon light decorations on the outside of the building. Neon lights play an important role in daily life, and in architecture. 
     Except for the material for making neon lights, the production and quality of neon lights have not changed a lot. There has been little change in the apparatus for the manufacture of neon lights. The conventional method of manufacturing can only produce straight neon lights, and some manufacturers use this automatic bending equipment to produce curved and circular neon lights. The conventional way to bend the neon lights is finished by manual operation. 
     The conventional vacuum processing apparatus is shown in FIG.  13 . As shown, the vacuum processing apparatus includes a vacuum pump  1  and exhaust pipe  11 , an argon pipe  21 , a neon pipe  31 , and a blowing pipe  41 . 
     The pipes  11 ,  21 ,  31  and  41  are controlled by valves  12 ,  22 ,  32  and  42  (see FIGS. 14 and 15 ). A mercury meter  5  for measuring vacuum degree is connected between the two valves  32  and  42 . The main pipe  43  is extended from the blowing pipe  41  and the main pipe is connected with two branch pipes  431 , which are each connected with a neon light  6 . The exhaust pipe  11  is connected to the vacuum pump  1 . The argon pipe  21  is connected with an argon tank. The neon pipe  31  is connected with a neon tank  3 . The blowing pipe  41  is connected with a flexible pipe so that an operator can blow air through the flexible pipe into the neon lights  6  via the branch pipes  431 . This is to prevent the neon lights  6  from being broken A vacuum degree is represented by tort: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 Low vacuum 
                 760˜1  
                 torr 
               
               
                   
                 Medium vacuum 
                 10 −1 ˜10 −2   
                 torr 
               
               
                   
                 High vacuum 
                 10 −3 ˜10 −5   
                 torr 
               
               
                   
                 Superhigh vacuum 
                 below 10 −7   
                 torr 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     The vacuum degree obtained by the conventional vacuum processing apparatus can only reach 10 −2  torr. The vacuum degree is important to the service life and the illumination intensity of neon lights. Therefore the manufacturers have tried to improve the production equipment to obtain a high vacuum degree in order to obtain high quality products. One of the commonly used methods is using a diffusing pump, which is heated by silicon oil to produce silicon molecules. The silicon molecules will evaporate when heated, and will feed back when cooled. The diffusing pump uses this kind of feedback power to increase vacuum degree to a measure of 10 −3  torr. 
     On the other hand, some manufacturers replace the conventional valve with solenoid valves, in association with an automatic operation system, in order to improve the manufacture of neon lights. But these kind of improvements do not have any influence on the vacuum degree. 
     From the above, it can be seen that although there is some improvement in the neon light production equipment, there has been no technical breakthrough in the increase of vacuum degree. Therefore the conventional neon light production equipment is not ideal in operation and suffers from the following drawbacks: 
     (1) It cannot provide fully automatic and semi-automatic functions, so that the setting and control of the equipment rely on the experience of the operators. Hence, quality and service life of the neon light depends on the technical knowledge of the operators, so that it is difficult to lower the defect rate of products, costs and the personal operation fee costs. Furthermore, an operator can only control production equipment—the manufacture, production and efficiency cannot be effectively increased. 
     (2) As such production equipment is not designed for various processing procedures, the quality, service life and illumination intensity of the neon lights are not ideal. 
     (3) Such equipment cannot measure the temperature of neon lights and cannot sense whether the temperature sensing claim is mounted correctly. 
     (4) The heating temperature produced by the transformer is fixed and not variable. As to the small (such as a diameter of 5 mm) or larger thin neon light with a diameter of 5 mm or large neon light with a diameter of 18 mm-25 mm, so that the thin neon light cannot be manufacture with this equipment because the thin neon light will melt at high temperature and the impurities with the large neon light cannot be effectively decomposed into molecules at low temperature. Although some equipment have variable micro ampere meter to adjust the heating temperature, the adjustment is operated by a steering wheel, which is bulky in volume and inconvenient to operate. 
     (5) Such equipment can only detect large leakage. If the leakage is small, it cannot be immediately sensed. It often takes a few days to detect the leakage, thereby influencing the vacuum degree. 
     (6) Such equipment does not have safety means and a high voltage transformer is exposed, so that the people who are close to it will be in danger. 
     (7) Such equipment cannot show the operation and production times so that the operator will often forget to maintain the equipment 
     (8) The water vapor produced by such equipment is generally drained off by opening a cover, thereby making it inconvenient to operate. 
     (9) Such equipment does not have waste collectors on the exhaust pipe, so that when the neon light is vacuumed, the impurities and shards of glass will be sucked into the neon light, causing damage. 
     Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-functional vacuum processing apparatus which can obviate and mitigate the above-mentioned drawbacks. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is the primary object of the present invention to provide a multi-functional vacuum processing apparatus for manufacturing neon tubes, glass containers, food containers and cosmetic containers, which includes a rectangular body frame for receiving primary components, said body frame having a control panel on which are mounted relevant control members, indicators, setting members . . . etc., a platform extending from a rear portion of said body frame for placing workpieces to be processed, a transformer having an output electrode line extending through said body frame to be connected in series with a workpiece to be processed, a vacuum pump having an exhaust pipe which is connected at the intermediate portion and an end thereof with normal open valve and normal closed valve, a turbine vacuum pump connected with two exhaust pipes having an end connected with exhaust pipes connected with the front and rear sides of the normal open valve, said two exhaust pipes each having a normal closed valve, a main pipe having an end connected with a normal closed valve and an intermediate portion connected with an argon pipe, a helium pipe, a neon pipe, a sensor pipe, a vacuum meter pipe and a blowing pipe and having branch pipes at another end connected with a workpiece to be processed, gas tanks including an argon tank, a helium gas and neon tank which are connected with pressure gauges, pneumatic valves, gas micro-adjustable valves and switches which are in turn connected to pipes, a vacuum degree meter having two hot cathode vacuum sensors and a cold cathode vacuum sensor, a turbine controller connected with said vacuum degree meter and said turbine vacuum pump, a thermometer for measuring temperature of a workpiece to be processed, a high voltage transformer and an adjustable current controller, wherein said transformer produces voltage at an output end from which an electrical wire extends out, said current controller utilizing a knob and a timer to adjust current and set output time, and an air compressor arranged within said body frame. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide a multi-functional vacuum processing apparatus and in particular to one which enables one to carry out vacuum processing procedures with fully or semi-automatic operations as desired. 
     It is still another object of the present invention to provide a multi-functional vacuum processing apparatus which can improve the quality and prolong the service life of neon tubes. 
     It is still another object of the present invention to provide a multi-functional vacuum processing apparatus which can inspect whether the temperature sensor clamp has been mounted on the neon tube or not and whether there is leakage. 
     It still another object of the present invention to provide a multi-functional vacuum processing apparatus which can process neon tubes with various diameters from 5 mm to 25 mm. 
     It is still another object of the present invention to provide a multi-functional vacuum processing apparatus which has safety sensors for ensuring the safety of anyone close to the apparatus. 
     It is still another object of the present invention to provide a multi-functional vacuum processing apparatus which utilizes a counter to remind the operator to carry out maintenance. 
     It is still another object of the present invention to provide a multi-functional vacuum processing apparatus which has a drain valve to let off the water from the air compressor. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide a multi-functional vacuum processing apparatus which can prevent impurities from entering into the neon tube. 
     The foregoing object and summary provide only a brief introduction to the present invention. To fully appreciate these and other objects of the present invention as well as the invention itself, all of which will become apparent to those skilled in the art, the following detailed description of the invention and the claims should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Throughout the specification and drawings identical reference numerals refer to identical or similar parts. 
     Many other advantages and features of the present invention will become manifest to those versed in the art upon making reference to the detailed description and the accompanying sheets of drawings in which a preferred structural embodiment incorporating the principles of the present invention is shown by way of illustrative example. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 illustrates the internal structure of the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the present invention; 
     FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the present invention; 
     FIG. 4 is an enlarged top view of the control panel; 
     FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the present invention; 
     FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the leakage sensing inspection; 
     FIG. 7 illustrates the structure of the draining device for the compressor; 
     FIG. 8 illustrates the arrangement of the high voltage terminal line; 
     FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the testing light; 
     FIG. 10 illustrates the structure of the trash collector; 
     FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the blowing valve and the pneumatic valve; 
     FIG. 12 illustrates the structure of the normal open valve, normal closed valves and control valve for the vacuum degree meter; 
     FIG. 13 illustrates a prior art neon light manufacturing equipments; 
     FIG. 14 illustrates a prior art manual valve made of glass; and 
     FIG. 15 illustrates a prior art main valve made of glass. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     For the purpose of promoting an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiment illustrated in the drawings. Specific language will be used to describe same. It will, nevertheless, be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended, alterations and further modifications in the illustrated device, and further applications of the principles of the invention as illustrated herein being contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates. 
     Referring to FIGS. 1,  2 ,  3  and  4 , the present invention generally comprises a body frame  10 , a vacuum pump  20 , a turbine vacuum pump  30 , a main pipe  40 , gas tanks  50 , a vacuum degree meter  60 , a turbine controller  70 , a thermometer  80 , a high voltage transformer  90 , an adjustable current controller  901 , and an air compressor  103 . 
     The body frame  10  is a rectangular box for receiving primary component parts such as the compressor  103  and the high pressure transformer  90 . The top of the body frame  10  has a detachable control panel  101  on which are mounted control members, indicators, setting members . . . etc. A platform  102  extends from the body frame  10  for placing neon tube (a) to be processed. The terminal line  902  of the transformer  90  is pulled out of the rear portion of the body frame  10  and protected and insulated by an insulation fixed connector  903 . Then, the terminal line  902  extends through the platform  102  to connect with an end of the neon tube (a). A plurality of insulation members  1021  are provided on the platform  102  where the terminal line  902  goes through. 
     The vacuum pump  20  is connected with an exhaust pipe  201  having a normal open valve  202  and a normal closed valve  203  for drafting air and impurities from the neon tube (a). 
     The turbine vacuum pump  30  has two exhaust pipes  301  and  302  which are connected with the normal open valve  202  via two exhaust pipes  201  for balancing pressure and increase vacuum degree. The two pipes  301  and  302  are connected with two normal closed valves  303  and  304  respectively. 
     The main pipe  40  is connected with the normal closed valve  203  at an end, with an argon pipe  401 , a helium pipe  402 , a neon pipe  403 , a sense pipe  404 , a vacuum meter pipe  405 , and a blowing pipe  406  at the intermediate portion, and with a trash collector  408  at the other end. The trash collector  408  is in turn connected with two branch pipes  407  connected with the neon tube (a) for drafting and filling air. Referring to FIG. 10, the trash collector  408  includes a large container  4081  and a small container  4082  having an end inserted into the large container  4081  and another end connected with the a connecting pipe  407 . The large container  4081  is closed and connected with the main pipe  40  at one side and a filter  4083  is provided at the connection, so that when the neon tube (a) is vacuumed, the impurities and shredded glass will drop down into the bottom of the large container  4081  and separated by the filter  4083  thereby preventing the damage of relevant component parts. The large container  4081  is provided with a clamp  4084  so that the large container  4081  can be opened for cleaning by releasing the clamp  4084 . 
     The gas tanks  50  refer to the argon tank  501 , helium tank  502  and the neon tank  503  which are connected with pipes  401 ,  402  and  403  via a pressure gauge  504 , a pneumatic valve  505 , a gas micro-adjustable valve  506  and a switch  507 . 
     The vacuum meter  60  is connected two hot cathode vacuum sensors  601  and  602  and a cold cathode vacuum sensor  603 . The vacuum sensor  601  is connected with a sensor pipe  404 , while the vacuum sensors  602  and  603  are connected in parallel and then connected in series with a vacuum meter control valve  4051  and a vacuum member pipe  405 . 
     The turbine controller  70  is connected with the vacuum meter  60  and the turbine vacuum pump  30  for determining the reading of the vacuum meter  60  thereby controlling the opening and closing of the turbine vacuum pump  30 . 
     The thermometer  80  utilizes a temperature sensor clamp  801  passing through the body frame  10  to measure the temperature of the neon tube (a). 
     The high temperature transformer  90  converts an input of 220V into 10 KV, 20 KV which are connected to a terminal line  902 . The current controller  901  utilizes two rotating knobs  903  and  904  and a timer  905  to adjust the current and to set the output time. The current is shown in a current meter  906  on the panel  101 . By means of the terminal line  902 , different heating temperatures can be applied to neon tubes of various diameter. 
     The air compressor  103  (see FIG. 7) is provided at the bottom with a draining valve  1031  under which there is a tray  1032 , so that when the drain switch  1033  on the panel  10  is depressed, the drain valve  1031  of air compressor will be opened to let off the water from the gas tank and the water will be collected by the tray  1032 . 
     By means of the above-mentioned apparatus, a vacuum with 10 −5  torr can be obtained. Referring to FIG. 5, the present invention can be carried out by fully or semi-automatic operations, and by means of the control switches  1011  on the panel  101 , the temperature sensor clip  801  and the high voltage terminal line  902  can be attached to the neon tube (a) before operation. The working procedures of the present invention will now be described as follows: 
     STEP 1: CONNECTION: The neon tube (a) is first connected with the pipe  407  by heating and in the meantime, air is blown into the pipe  406  and the blowing valve  4061  is opened to provide a passage. The air will then enter into the neon tube (a) through the pipe  407  to prevent the blockage of the neon tube during processing. If the temperature sensor clip  801  is forgot to mount in an appropriate position, an indicator light  1012  on the panel  101  will be turned on and a buzzer  1013  will send out warnings. This is an inspection function and the temperature sensing procedure can be replaced with non-contact type ultra-red temperature sensor instruments. 
     STEP 2: VACUUMING: When the control switch  1011  for fully automatic operations is depressed, the normal closed valve  203  of the pipe  201  will be opened and the blowing valve  4061  will be closed for vacuuming air. If the hot cathode vacuum sensor  601  does not reach the predetermined value of 1 mm-2 mm within the predetermined time, the leakage is serious and the serious leakage indicator light will be turned on and the buzzer  1013  will send out warnings. 
     STEP 3: HEATING: When the hot cathode vacuum sensor  601  reaches the predetermined value of 1 mm-2 mm, the high voltage transformer  90  will output current to keep on heating the electrode and the neon tube. Meantime, the normal closed valve  203  will be closed and the air molecules and attached molecules within the neon tube (a) will be isolated by the increase of the temperature. 
     STEP 4: VACUUMING: When the molecules isolated from the neon tube (a) exceed the predetermined value of 1 mm-2 mm, the high voltage transformer  90  will stop outputting current and the normal closed valve  203  will be opened and the step 2 will be repeated. As the conditions mentioned in step 2 are reached, the step 3 is repeated until the temperature measured by the thermometer  80  reaches 250° C., the power supplied to the high voltage transformer  20  will be cut off, the normal closed valve  203  will be opened, and the helium valve  505  will be opened to let off helium to remove the impurities in the neon tube (a). 
     STEP 5: CONVERTING TURBINE VACUUM PUMP: After cleaning, the normal closed valve  203  and the vacuum meter control valve  4051  is opened. Then, the hot cathode vacuum sensor  602  uses its first predetermined value of 7×10 −2  torr to sensor the vacuum degree, if the predetermined value is reached, the normal closed valves  303  and  304  will be opened. That is, the turbine vacuum pump  30  is first vacuumed to balance the pressure difference between the vacuum pump  20  and the turbine vacuum pump  30 . When the hot cathode vacuum sensor  602  reaches its second predetermined value of 3×10 −2  torr, the normal open valve  202  is closed, the turbine vacuum pump  30  is turned on and the cold cathode vacuum sensor  603  begins to sense. If it does not reach the predetermined value of 2×10 −4  torr, there must be small leakage. Meantime, the indicator light  1012  for small leakage will be turned on and the buzzer  1013  will send out long siren. The serious and small leakage can be detected by the detector  104  extended out of the body frame  10  (see FIG.  6 ). In case of leakage, the normal closed valve  203  is first opened and the blowing valve  4061  will be closed to reach the vacuuming condition (semi-automatic operation is carried out at this time). Then, the detector  104  is used for sensing the connection of he neon tube (a) to detect whether there is abnormal discharging condition. 
     STEP 6: FILLING: When the turbine vacuum pump  30  is turned on, the vacuum pressure will be increased to reach the predetermined value of 2×10 −4  torr of the cold cathode vacuum sensor  603 . Meantime, the normal closed valve  203  will be closed. The gas filled into the neon tube can be selected by turning the knob  508  so that the arrow of the knob  508  is aligned with the switch  507  of the argon tank  501  or neon tank  502 , thereby opening the pneumatic valve  505  to fill the desired gas into the neon tube (a). When a predetermined amount of the gas has been filled into the neon tube (a) (the present invention uses a timer  1015  to limit the time for filling the gas), the indicator light  1021  will be turned on. The counter  1014  will begin to count and when the production time reaches a predetermined value, the counter will remind the operator of the maintenance of the vacuum pump  20 . The vacuum pump  20  has a handle for operation. After gas filling, the test indicator light switch  1016  on the panel  101  is depressed to perform the current test for the neon tube (a). The test indicator light switch  10  is connected with a testing structure (see FIG. 9) which has a transformer  1017  of 12 kv which is connected in parallel with the electrode line  902  of 20 kv. Since the vacuum heating operation is connected with a wire of 20 kv, it is necessary to change it with a wire of 12 kv to test. The conventional equipment is directly connected in parallel with a wire of 20 kv, so that in case of abnormal condition, the 12 kv transformer will be burnt down. The transformer  1017  is provided with a relay  1018  for cutting high voltage and can be used for testing. 
     STEP 7: SEALING: When the indicator light is turned after gas filling, the vacuum gas filling operation is finished. Then, the neon tube (a) is sealed to produce the finish product. 
     The semi-automatic operation is generally used in replacing gas tanks or detecting whether there is leakage. 
     In addition to the above-mentioned features, the present invention still has the following the characteristics: 
     1. The present invention has a safety sensor  105  on the body frame  10 , so that when someone is closed to the platform  102  in operation, the high voltage power will be cut off to ensure one&#39;s safety. 
     2. The major characteristic of the present invention resides in the fully automatic operation for increasing vacuum degree and quality thereby enabling neon tubes (a) of various diameters from 5 mm to 25 mm to be processed. The control panel  101  is provided with two manual switches  1017  and  1018 , two knobs  903  and  904 , and a timer  905 , wherein the manual switch  1017  is used for the switching of 10 kv or 20 kv, the manual switch  1018  is used for providing current for neon tubes with a diameter above 18 mm, the knob  903  is used for controlling the first stage of current, and the knob  904  is used for controlling the second stage of current. If a neon tube (a) with a diameter above 18 mm, the switch  1017  is switched to 20 kv, and the knobs  903  and  904  and the timer  905  are used to adjust the current and required time of the current control  901  according to diameters of 18 mm, 20 mm or 25 mm of neon tubes thereby providing an appropriate heating temperature for the neon tube (a). However, if the neon tube has a diameter below 18 mm, the switch  1017  is switched to 10 kv and the switch  1018 , the knob  904  and the timer  905  need not be adjusted. 
     3. Maintenance is one of the design points of the present invention. The present invention has a turbine timer  1019  on the control panel  101  so that it will remind the operator of maintenance. 
     4. The control panel  101  is provided with an additional electrical socket  105  and switch  106  for the addition of other functions. 
     5. The gas tank  50  may be made of steel and may have a capacity of 500 L, so that it can be used for 5-10 years without opening the tank. The commonly used gas tank is made of glass and has a capacity of 1.5 L so that it can be used for 1 month only. The output gas pressure of the gas tank made of steel is about 100 mkg and so two pressure gauges must be provided for making the output gas pressure to be about 6 kg. 6. The gas tank and pneumatic members of the conventional neon tube vacuum processing apparatus made in Europe and the United States are generally made of high class glass with boron silicon glass. However, the component parts are made of different materials, so that they cannot be directly joined together (e.g. boron silicon glass cannot be joined with lead glass) and rapid connector must be used for the connection thereby making the structure more complicated and often having leakage. The component parts of the present invention is basically made of metal thereby making them easily to be joined together. 
     7. The present invention may be provided with heating cloth and heating wire for increasing vacuum degree. 
     8. The valves and solenoid valves of the present invention can adopt elements specially designed for vacuum processing (see FIGS. 11 and 12) which are different from the commonly used valve and solenoid. 
     9. The whole fully automatic control system of the present invention can be controlled by PLC (programmable controller).+ 
     It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or two or more together may also find a useful application in other types of methods differing from the type described above. 
     While certain novel features of this invention have been shown and described and are pointed out in the annexed claim, it is not intended to be limited to the details above, since it will be understood that various omissions, modifications, substitutions and changes in the forms and details of the device illustrated and in its operation can be made by those skilled in the art without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention.