Abstract:
A liquid crystal display panel and a fabricating method that forms an insulating film exposing a metal pattern without a photolithography process. The liquid crystal display panel comprises: a metal pattern having first and second surface processing regions having a different reacting property for a specific solution; and an insulating film of a material representing a property identical to that of the second surface processing region, the insulating film being formed on a metal pattern of the second surface processing region in order to expose the first surface processing region of the metal pattern.

Description:
[0001]     This application claims the benefit of the Korean Patent Application No. P2003-39641 filed in Korea on Jun. 19, 2003, the subject matter of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002]     1. Field of the Invention  
         [0003]     The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display panel, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display panel and a fabricating method thereof that are capable of forming an insulating film exposing a metal pattern without a photolithography process.  
         [0004]     2. Description of the Related Art  
         [0005]     In general, a liquid crystal display (LCD) controls the light transmittance of liquid crystal cells using electric field, to thereby display a picture on a liquid crystal display panel. To this end, the LCD includes a liquid crystal display panel having liquid crystal cells arranged in an active matrix form, and driving circuits for driving the liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal display panel is provided with pixel electrodes and a reference electrode, i.e. common electrode, to supply the electric field to each one of the liquid crystal cells. Usually, the pixel electrode is assigned to each one of the liquid crystal cells on a lower substrate, while the common electrode is formed as an integrated whole on the entire surface of an upper substrate. Each pixel electrode is connected to a thin film transistor (TFT) that is used as a switching element. The pixel electrode together with the common electrode drives the liquid crystal cell in response to data signals supplied via the TFT.  
         [0006]     As shown in  FIG. 1 , a liquid crystal display panel in accordance with a related art includes upper and lower array substrates  10  and  20  combined together, and a liquid crystal material  8  between the upper and the lower array substrates  10  and  20 .  
         [0007]     The liquid crystal molecules of material  8  rotates, in response to the supplied electric field, to thereby regulate the transmittance of incident light via the lower array substrate  20 .  
         [0008]     The upper array substrate  10  includes a color filter  4  and a common electrode  6  formed on a rear surface of the upper substrate  1 . The color filter  4 , where red (R), green (G), and blue (B) colored filter layers are arranged in a stripe fashion, makes it possible to display colors by selectively passing light having specific wavelengths. A black matrix  2  is placed between the adjacent colored filters  4 , and prevents the degradation of the contrast ratio by absorbing the light incident from the adjacent cells.  
         [0009]     The lower array substrate  20  includes: a data line  18  and gate line  12  which cross each other and are insulated by a gate insulating layer formed on the entire surface of the lower substrate  21 ; and a TFT  16  placed on the crossing of the data and gate lines. The TFT  16  includes: a gate electrode connected to the gate line  12 ; a source electrode connected to the data line  18 ; and a drain electrode facing with the source electrode with a channel portion including an active layer and an ohmic contact layer therebetween. The TFT  16  is connected to the pixel electrode  14  via a contact hole passing through a passivation film. In response to gate signals from the gate line  12 , the TFT  16  selectively supplies data signals from the data line  18  to the pixel electrode  14 .  
         [0010]     The pixel electrode  14  is made from a transparent conductive material having a high light transmittance, and is placed on a cell region defined by the data line  18  and gate line  12 . An electric potential difference is generated between the pixel electrode  14  and the common electrodes  6  by data signals supplied via the drain electrode. Under the influence of this electric potential difference, the liquid crystal cell residing between the upper and lower substrates  1  and  21  rotates due to the dielectric anisotropy thereof. As a result, the light supplied via the pixel electrode  14  from the light source passes toward the upper substrate  1 .  
         [0011]     Depending on the circumstances, insulating film  30  including at least one of the gate insulating film and the passsivation film formed on the related art liquid crystal display panel exposes a metal pattern  32  located at its lower portion as shown in  FIG. 2 . For instance, the passivation film exposes the drain electrode in order to contact the drain electrode with the pixel electrode of the thin film transistor.  
         [0012]     In order to expose the metal pattern  32 , a photo-resist is coated on the substrate  21  provided with the insulating film  30  and then is by a photolithography employing an exposing process and a developing process using a mask, to thereby form a photo-resist pattern. The insulating film  30  is etched using the photo-resist as a mask so that the metal pattern  32  is exposed.  
         [0013]     Because the photolithography process using the mask is required for exposing the metal pattern  32  located at the lower portion of the insulating film  30 , the process is complicated and, as a result there is a problem that production cost is increased.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0014]     Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display panel and a fabricating method thereof that are capable of forming an insulating film exposing a metal pattern without a photolithography process.  
         [0015]     In order to achieve these and other objects of the invention, a liquid crystal panel according to the present invention comprises: a metal pattern having first and second surface processing regions having a different reacting property for a specific solution; and an insulating film of a material representing a property identical to that of the second surface processing region, the insulating film being formed on a metal pattern of the second surface processing region in order to expose the first surface processing region of the metal pattern.  
         [0016]     The first surface processing region is a hydrophobic region and the second surface processing region is a hydrophilic region.  
         [0017]     The insulating film is made of a hydrophilic material.  
         [0018]     The insulating film includes at least any one of: a high polymer organic material having a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl phenol and a novolak resin; an inorganic insulating material dispersed to a solvent such as an alcohol system and water; and an organic/inorganic hybrid type insulating material.  
         [0019]     The liquid crystal display crystal display panel further comprises: a gate line; a data line crossing to be insulated from the gate line, with the gate insulating film therebetween; a thin film transistor placed on the crossing of the gage line and the data line; a pixel electrode formed on a passivation film for protecting the thin film transistor and connected to the thin film transistor; a storage capacitor for preventing a change of voltage in the pixel electrode; a gate pad for supplying a gate signal to the gate line; and a data pad for supplying a data signal to the data line.  
         [0020]     The metal pattern includes at least any one of; a drain electrode of the thin film transistor, a storage electrode of the storage capacitor, a lower data electrode of the data pad and a lower gate electrode of the gate pad.  
         [0021]     The insulating film includes at least any one of the gate insulating film and the passivation film.  
         [0022]     In order to achieve these and other objects of the invention, a method of fabricating a liquid crystal display panel according to the present invention includes steps of forming a metal pattern; surface-processing the metal pattern in order to have first and second surface processing regions that represent a different reacting property each other for a specific solution; and forming an insulating film of a material representing a property identical to that of the second surface processing region on the metal pattern of the second surface processing region on the metal pattern of the second surface processing region in order to expose the first surface processing region of the metal pattern.  
         [0023]     The step of surface-processing the metal pattern includes irradiating a portion of the second surface processing region with UV to form the first surface processing region.  
         [0024]     The step of surface-processing the metal pattern includes pressuring a pattern mold material on a portion of the second surface processing region to form the first surface processing region;  
         [0025]     The first surface processing region is hydrophobic The first surface processing region is a hydrophobic region and the second surface processing region is a hydrophilic region.  
         [0026]     The insulating film is made of a hydrophilic material.  
         [0027]     The insulating film includes at least any one of: a high polymer organic insulating material having a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl phenol and a novolak resin; an inorganic insulating material dispersed to a solvent; and an organic/inorganic hybrid type insulating material.  
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0028]     These and other objects of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:  
         [0029]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view showing a related art liquid crystal display panel;  
         [0030]      FIG. 2  is a perspective view showing a related art insulating film exposing a metal pattern;  
         [0031]      FIG. 3  is a plan view showing the liquid crystal display panel according to the present invention;  
         [0032]      FIG. 4  is a sectional view of the liquid crystal display panel taken along the lines IV 1 -IV 1′ , IV 2 -IV 2 ′ and IV 3 -IV 3′  in  FIG. 3 ;  
         [0033]      FIGS. 5A  to  5 C are perspective views illustrating thin film structures made by, and an apparatus usable with a manufacturing process for forming an insulating film exposing the metal pattern according to the present invention; and  
         [0034]      FIGS. 6A  to  6 D are sectional views illustrating other thin film structures made by, and a apparatus usable with manufacturing processes for forming the insulating film exposing the metal pattern according to the present invention.  
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0035]     Hereinafter, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.  3  to  6 D.  
         [0036]      FIG. 3  is a plan view representing a lower array substrate of a liquid crystal display panel, and  FIG. 4  is a sectional view of the lower array substrate of the liquid crystal display panel taken along the lines IV 1 -IV 1 ′ and IV2-IV2′ in  FIG. 3 .  
         [0037]     Referring to  FIGS. 3 and 4 , the thin film transistor array substrate according to the present invention comprises a gate line  102  and a data line  104 , having a gate insulating film  112  therebetween and formed on a lower substrate  101  in such a manner to intersect each other, a thin film transistor  140  formed at each intersection, and a pixel electrode  122  in a pixel region defined by the intersection. In addition, the thin film transistor array substrate further comprises a storage capacitor  142  formed at an overlapped portion between the gate line  102  and the pixel electrode  122 , a gate pad  144  connected to the gate line  102 , and a data pad  146  connected to the data line  104 .  
         [0038]     The gate line  102  that supplies a gate signal and the data line  104  that supplies a data signal are formed in an intersection structure, to thereby define the pixel region.  
         [0039]     The thin film transistor  140  responds to a gate signal of the gate line  102  so that the pixel signal of the data line  104  is charged in the pixel electrode  122 . To this end, the thin film transistor  140  includes a gate electrode  106  connected to the gate line  102 , a source electrode  108  connected to the data line  104 , and a drain electrode  110  connected to the pixel electrode  122 . Moreover, the thin film transistor  140  further includes an active layer  114  overlapping the gate electrode  106  with a gate insulating film  112  positioned therebetween and defining a channel between the source electrode  108  and the drain electrode  110 .  
         [0040]     An ohmic contact layer  116  for making an ohmic contact with the source electrode  108  and the drain electrode  110  is further formed on the active layer  148 .  
         [0041]     The pixel electrode  122  is connected to the drain electrode  110  of the thin film transistor  140  via a first contact hole  126   a  passing through the passivation film  118  and is formed in the pixel region.  
         [0042]     Accordingly, an electric field is formed between the pixel electrode  122  to which the pixel signal is supplied via the thin film transistor  140  and a common electrode (not shown) to which the reference voltage is supplied. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules arranged between the thin film transistor array substrate and the color filter array substrate by the electric field start to rotate due to a dielectric anisotropy. The light transmittance of the pixel region changes in accordance with an amount of rotation of the liquid crystal molecules and thereby the pictures can be represented.  
         [0043]     The storage capacitor  142  includes a gate line  102 , a storage electrode  124  overlapping with the gate line  102  with the gate insulating film  112  therebetween and a pixel electrode  122  connected to the storage electrode  124  via a second contact hole  126   b  extending through the passivation film  118 . The storage capacitor  142  allows a pixel signal charged in the pixel electrode  122  to be maintained stably until the next pixel signal is charged.  
         [0044]     The gate pad  144  is connected to a gate driver (not shown) and supplies a gate signal provided from the gate driver to the gate line  102 . The gate pad  144  includes a lower gate pad electrode  132  extended from the gate line  102  and an upper data pad electrode  136  connected to the lower data pad electrode  132  via a third contact hole  126   c  passing through the gate insulating film  112  and the passivation film  118 .  
         [0045]     The data pad  146  is connected to a data driver (not shown) and supplies a data signal provided from the data driver to the data line  104 . The data pad  146  includes a lower data pad electrode  128  extended from the data line  104 , and an upper data pad electrode  130  connected to the lower data pad electrode  128  via a fourth contact hole  126   d  passing through the passivation film  118 .  
         [0046]     On the other hand, a metal pattern includes at least any one of the drain electrode  110 , the storage electrode  124 , the lower gate electrode  132  and the lower data electrode  128  exposed by the first to the fourth contact holes  126   a ,  126   b ,  126   c  and  126   d  and is divided into a hydrophobic region  150   b  and a hydrophilic  150   a . The insulating film including at least any one of the gate insulating film  112  and the passivation film  118  is not formed in the hydrophobic region  150   b  of the metal pattern, while the insulating film is formed in the hydrophilic  150   a  of the metal pattern. That is, the insulating film, which is of a hydrophilic material does not react with the hydrophobic region, and may be formed using a dipping method, a spin-coating method or a printing method. For example, the insulating film is made of a high polymer organic insulating material including a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl phenol and a novolak resin, etc, or an inorganic insulating material dispersed to a solvent such as an alcohol system and water; an organic/inorganic hybrid material; and a metal dispersion solution dispersed in a nano-particle type, etc. The insulating film is selectively formed to cover the metal pattern of the hydrophilic region by depositing an insulating material without the photolithography process and the etching process.  
         [0047]     As described above, in the liquid crystal display panel according to the present invention, at least one insulating film of the gate insulating film and the passivation film is selectively formed in the hydrophilic region or the hydrophobic region of the metal pattern, which results in the fabricating process being simplified, to thereby improve productivity.  
         [0048]      FIGS. 5A  to  5 C are sectional views illustrating thin film structures made by, and an apparatus usable with a manufacturing method for forming an insulating film exposing a metal pattern according to the present invention.  
         [0049]     At first, a metal layer is deposited on the lower substrate  51  and then is patterned by the photolithography and the etching process using a mask, to thereby form a metal pattern  52  as shown in FIG. SA. The metal pattern  52  includes at least any one of, for example, the lower gate electrode, the drain electrode, the storage electrode and the lower data electrode. In this case, the metal pattern has a hydrophilic property.  
         [0050]     AS shown in  FIG. 5B , an ultraviolet (UV) irradiating part  54  is arranged on the lower substrate  51  having the metal pattern  52  thereon. The ultraviolet irradiating part  54  irradiates a designated portion of the metal pattern  52  with UV radiation. The UV irradiates to the metal pattern  52  using the UV irradiating part  54  while moving the substrate  51  having the metal pattern  52  to one side, or the UV irradiates the substrate  51  having the metal pattern  52  while moving the UV irradiating part  54  to one side.  
         [0051]     The designated portion of the metal pattern  52 , which receives the UV radiation, is changed to a hydrophobic region because an —OH group of end group on the surface is separated or displaced. In other words, the hydrophobic region  50   b  of the metal pattern  52  is a region that is irradiated by UV and the hydrophilic region  50   a  of the metal pattern  52  is a region that is not irradiated by UV.  
         [0052]     An insulating material in a solution state is applied using a dipping method, a spin-coating method or a printing method on the metal pattern  52  divided into the hydrophobic region  50   b  and the hydrophilic region  50   a , to thereby form the insulating film  56  including at least any one of the gate insulating film and the passivation film as shown in  FIG. 5C . The insulating film  56  is formed in order to cover the metal pattern  52  of the hydrophilic region  50   a  except for the hydrophobic region  50   b , that is, in order to have a hole  58  exposing the hydrophobic region  50   b . The hole  58 , for example, includes a first contact hole passing through the passivation film to expose the drain electrode; a second contact hole passing through the passivation film to expose the storage electrode; a third contact hole passing through the gate insulating film and the passivation film to the lower gate electrode; and a fourth contact hole passing through the passivation film to expose the lower data electrode.  
         [0053]      FIGS. 6A  to  6 D are sectional views illustrating other examples of thin film devices using, and an apparatus usable with, a manufacturing method for forming the insulating film according to the present invention.  
         [0054]     Firstly, a metal layer is deposited on the lower substrate  71  and is then patterned by a photolithography process and an etching process using a mask, to thereby form a metal pattern  72  as shown in  FIG. 6A . The metal pattern  72  includes at least any one of, for example, the lower gate electrode, the drain electrode, the storage electrode and the lower data electrode.  
         [0055]     A pattern mold material having a protrusion  76  is arranged on a lower substrate on which the metal pattern is formed, as shown in  FIG. 6B . The pattern mold material  74  is made of, for example, a polydimethysioxane (PDMS). The metal pattern  72  is force pressed for stamping using the pattern mold material  74 . Accordingly, a designated portion of the metal pattern  72  connected to the protrusion  76  of the pattern mold material  74 , —OH group of end group on the surface is separated so that the designated portion changes to a hydrophobic region  78   b . As a result, the metal pattern  72  is divided into hydrophobic region  78   b  and hydrophilic region(s)  78   a . That is, the hydrophobic region  78   b  of the metal pattern  72  becomes an area contacted with the protrusion  76  of the pattern mold material  74  and the hydrophilic  78   a  becomes an area that is not contacted with the protrusion  76  of the pattern mold material  74 .  
         [0056]     An insulating material is applied using a dipping method, a spin-coating method or a printing method on the metal pattern  72  divided into the hydrophobic region  78   b  and the hydrophilic region  78   a , to thereby form an insulating film  80  including at least any one of the gate insulating film and the passivation film as shown in  FIG. 6D . The insulating film  80  is formed in order to expose the hydrophobic region  78   b  of the metal pattern  72  and thus cover the hydrophilic region  78   a  of the metal pattern  72 , that is, in order to have a hole  82  exposing the hydrophobic region  78   b.    
         [0057]     Alternatively, the insulating film may be formed by selectively converting a hydrophobic region of a metal pattern into a hydrophilic region using a pattern mold material of a hydrophilic property.  
         [0058]     As explained above, according to the present invention, an insulating film is formed on a drain electrode, a storage electrode, a lower gate electrode and a lower data electrode, wherein the insulating film may be formed on an area exposing other metal patterns and used in a liquid crystal display panel as well as other display panels.  
         [0059]     As described above, in a liquid crystal display panel and a fabricating method thereof according to the present invention, a metal pattern is divided into a hydrophobic region and a hydrophilic region, so that an insulating film of hydrophilic material is formed in order to expose the hydrophobic region. Because an insulating film exposing a part of the metal pattern can be formed merely by using an applying process without a photolithography using a mask, which results in that the fabricating process is simplified and thus a productivity will be improved.  
         [0060]     Although the present invention has been explained by the embodiments shown in the drawings described above, it should be understood to the ordinary skilled person in the art that the invention is not limited to the embodiments, but rather that various changes or modifications thereof are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention shall be determined only by the appended claims and their equivalents.