Abstract:
A personalized scheduling and networking method, system, and non-transitory computer readable medium include creating a user persona profile based on user information, extracting scheduling and networking information based on event information, matching a user with events during a conference based on the extracted scheduling and networking information and the user persona profile, and creating a schedule and a route for maximizing a number of the events and networking opportunities based on matches of the matching.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
       [0001]    The present invention relates generally to a personalized scheduling and networking system, and more particularly, but not by way of limitation, to a personalized scheduling and networking system for automatically creating a schedule or a route based on user preferences either manually collected or automatically gathered using social media, where the schedule includes networking opportunities. 
         [0002]    Conventionally, networking systems for events have manually created a schedule for a small event. However, manual creation becomes difficult for large events and last minute changes also can wreak havoc with a manually created schedule along with manually identifying participants to the event and trying to schedule meetings or networking opportunities. 
         [0003]    Other conventional techniques includes scheduling applications that build schedules or routes based on manually specified constraints. But these applications do not match user preferences with available events nor schedule and automatically identify opportunities for networking. 
         [0004]    That is, the conventional techniques do not account for large events, cancelled schedules, dynamic user schedules, etc. in creating a schedule for users at such events. 
         [0005]    Thus, there is a technical problem in the conventional techniques that the techniques are incapable of providing a personalized scheduling and networking system that can dynamically change based on real-time data and be based on user information mined from user profiles. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0006]    In an exemplary embodiment, the present invention can provide a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium recording a personalized scheduling and networking program, the program causing a computer to perform creating a user persona profile based on user information, extracting scheduling and networking information based on event information, matching a user with events during a conference based on the extracted scheduling and networking information and the user persona profile, and creating a schedule and a route for maximizing a number of the events and networking opportunities based on matches of the matching. 
         [0007]    Further, in another exemplary embodiment, the present invention can provide a personalized scheduling and networking method, including creating a user persona profile based on user information, extracting scheduling and networking information based on event information, matching a user with events during a conference based on the extracted scheduling and networking information and the user persona profile, and creating a schedule and a route for maximizing a number of the events and networking opportunities based on matches of the matching. 
         [0008]    Even further, in another exemplary embodiment, the present invention can provide a personalized scheduling and networking system, including a persona detection device configures to create a user persona profile based on user information, an extraction device configured to extract scheduling and networking information based on event information, a matching device configured to match a user with events during a conference based on the extracted scheduling and networking information and the user persona profile, and a scheduling device configured to create a schedule and a route for maximizing a number of the events and networking opportunities based on matches of the matching device. 
         [0009]    There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, an embodiment of the invention in order that the detailed description thereof herein may be better understood, and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are, of course, additional exemplary embodiments of the invention that will be described below and which will form the subject matter of the claims appended hereto. 
         [0010]    It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of embodiments in addition to those described and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein, as well as the abstract, are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. 
         [0011]    As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception upon which this disclosure is based may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0012]    The exemplary aspects of the invention will be better understood from the following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings. 
           [0013]      FIG. 1  exemplarily shows a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a personalized scheduling and networking system  100 . 
           [0014]      FIG. 2  exemplarily shows a high level flow chart for a personalized scheduling and networking method. 
           [0015]      FIG. 3  depicts a cloud computing node according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0016]      FIG. 4  depicts a cloud computing environment according to another embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0017]      FIG. 5  depicts abstraction model layers according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0018]    The invention will now be described with reference to  FIGS. 1-5 , in which like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout. It is emphasized that, according to common practice, the various features of the drawing are not necessarily to scale. On the contrary, the dimensions of the various features can be arbitrarily expanded or reduced for clarity. Exemplary embodiments are provided below for illustration purposes and do not limit the claims. 
         [0019]    With reference now to  FIG. 1 , the personalized scheduling and networking system  100  includes a persona detection device  101 , an extraction device  102 , a matching device  103 , a scheduling device  104 , and a notification device  105 . The personalized scheduling and networking system  100  includes a processor  180  and a memory  190 , with the memory  190  storing instructions to cause the processor  180  to execute each device of personalized scheduling and networking system  100 . 
         [0020]    Although the personalized scheduling and networking system  100  includes various devices, it should be noted that a personalized scheduling and networking system can include modules in which the memory  190  stores instructions to cause the processor  180  to execute each module of personalized scheduling and networking system  100 . 
         [0021]    With the use of these various devices, the personalized scheduling and networking system  100  may act in a more sophisticated and useful fashion, and in a cognitive manner while giving the impression of mental abilities and processes related to knowledge, attention, memory, judgment and evaluation, reasoning, and advanced computation. That is, a system is said to be “cognitive” if it possesses macro-scale properties—perception, goal-oriented behavior, learning/memory and action—that characterize systems (i.e., humans) that all agree are cognitive. 
         [0022]    Although as shown in  FIGS. 3-5  and as described later, the computer system/server  12  is exemplarily shown in cloud computing node  10  as a general-purpose computing device which may execute in a layer the personalized scheduling and networking system  100  ( FIG. 5 ), it is noted that the present invention can be implemented outside of the cloud environment. 
         [0023]    The personal detection device  101  receives user information  150  and creates a user persona for an event that is specific to that particular event. For example, each participant of an event can create an account with social media information (e.g. an account for twitter™, Facebook™, a personal homepage, etc.). 
         [0024]    The persona detection device  101  mines/gathers all of the users information  150  from these sources and creates a user persona profile based on the available information for that user from these sources, as well as from other sources (e.g., dblp, google scholar™, company website) and extracts keywords, likes or dislikes to create a user persona. The user can also manually enter the user information  150  when registering for an event. 
         [0025]    The extraction device  102  receives event information  160  and extracts all information pertaining to the types of events, the list of participants, the dates, times, location of events, etc. That is, the extraction device  102  extracts all relevant information in order to create a schedule and network from the event information  160 . The event information  160  includes temporal and spatial information about the event. In this manner, the personalized scheduling and networking system  100  will not attempt to network two users if they are a particular distance apart at the event based on the extracted spatial information by the extraction device  102 . Thus, the extraction device  102  extracts all information pertaining to scheduling and networking in order to build a schedule as later described. 
         [0026]    The event information  160  includes each sub-event having a description (for example, abstract of talks, full proceedings, or promotional material for a new product), keywords, time and location in the schedule. The event information  160  further includes a map of the event along with schedules of sub-events, locations of the sub-events, descriptions of the sub-events, schedules of attendees, locations of the attendees, and descriptions of the attendees. That is, schedules are typically online and last-minute updates are posted on the event web-site, vendors typically have links to their web site in the conference online schedule. The extraction device  102  receives the event information  160  and automatically extracts salient features from the sub-event information available from the event website, online material related to the event, and the websites linked to the sub-event page(s). 
         [0027]    Also, a user can add an event to the event information  160 . In this manner, once the user signs up for the event, the user has the ability to change the schedule such that all other users will extract the new user-created event using the extraction device  102 . 
         [0028]    Further, the persona detection device  101  creates the user data that is relevant to the specific context based on the event information extracted by the extraction device  102 . Thus, there is a feed of data between the persona detection device  101  and extraction device  102  such that a specific context user persona can be created for an event. For example, if a neurosurgeon who likes to sail competitively as a hobby attends a conference and exposition on robotic brain surgery, the persona detection device  101  creates a profile that contains only professional information on the surgeon and does not include information about boating. However, if the same person is attending the US. Sailboat Show, the user persona will contain little to no professional (i.e., directed to him being a neurosurgeon) information. 
         [0029]    The matching device  103  matches the user persona profile with events based on the extracted information and the user&#39;s interest. The matching device includes a scoring device  110  that, for each participant, calculates a score for each sub-event, for example based on semantic similarity features derived from the user persona profile and the event information. Based on the score calculated by the scoring device  110 , the matching device  103  will match the user with a particular event having the highest score. In this manner, the user will receive an optimized list of matches. 
         [0030]    Based on the matches output from the matching device  103 , the scheduling device  104  creates a schedule for the user for the event. The scheduling device  104  constructs a personalized schedule for the user, using scheduling and optimization techniques, where such schedule will respect explicit user&#39;s directions (e.g., the user wants to attend a certain talk) and will select a subset of events that will maximize the sum of the scores and matches of the matching device  103  and the scoring device  110  subject to the time and location constraints and calculate a schedule and route to attend the set of sub-events and display it to the user. In other words, the scheduling device  104  takes into account temporal and spatial aspects of an event, thereby to create the schedule in addition to the matches and scores. 
         [0031]    The scheduling device  104  also automatically adapts the schedule based on contingent information. For example, suppose a person wants to visit a certain pavilion at a World Expo. The waiting time for visiting that pavilion can vary dramatically, and the scheduling application can dynamically adapt the schedule depending on the current and expected waiting time. Thus, the scheduling device  104  generates the schedule in real-time so as to account for last minute changes and abrupt networking opportunities. 
         [0032]    Further, the scheduling device  104  can schedule networking times to network with other users at the event. That is, the scheduling device  104  selects appropriate times to schedule a networking opportunity based on the user&#39;s schedule and on the schedule of candidate participants. For example, the scheduling device  104  detects times that the user can dedicate to networking with limited negative impact to other user&#39;s activities at the event, and match them to similar “free” times for other people with whom the user might want to network. The user can input into the scheduling device how to identify networking events scheduled by other participants that might be of interest to the user. In this manner, the scheduling device  104  can prioritize networking over attending an event based on the user&#39;s desires. Since the scheduling device  104  accounts for the spatial aspect of the users in the system, even if an event has not been cancelled but a user is presented with a potential networking opportunity (i.e., with a second user) happens to be within a particular distance of the user, the scheduling device  104  can create the networking opportunity. 
         [0033]    It should be noted that the user can specify to the scheduling device  104  the amount of networking versus attending events that the user would like to do. For example, the user can specify that they would like to network the entire event without attending any of the scheduled events. 
         [0034]    Based on a user&#39;s location, interest and schedule, the notification device  105  will detect other people with similar interests, availability and proximity in locations and propose networking interactions (i.e., notify the user of potential events and networking opportunities). The notification device  105  notifies the user of the networking opportunities in advance as well as how to take advantage of contingent and contextual information to quickly organize networking opportunities. For example, a conference where a paper presentation is cancelled because the author cannot present may be announced at the start of the presentation, and a result of the cancellation might provide a sudden window of opportunity for networking: other people who were interested in attending the talk have matching interests to those of the user, and might be available to networks since the talk is no longer being delivered. 
         [0035]    The notification device  105  notifies the users of networking opportunities based on a change in the scheduling and networking information such that the user is aware of new networking opportunities causes by last minute changes in the schedule. 
         [0036]      FIG. 2  shows a high level flow chart for a method  200  for a personalized scheduling and networking method. 
         [0037]    Step  201  receives user information  150  and creates a user persona for an event that is specific to that particular event. 
         [0038]    Step  202  receives event information  160  and extracts all information pertaining to the types of events, the list of participants, the dates, times, location of events, etc. That is, step  202  extracts all relevant information in order to create a schedule and network from the event information  160   
         [0039]    Step  203  matches the user persona profile with events based on the extracted information and the user&#39;s interest. 
         [0040]    Step  204  calculates a score for each sub-event, for example based on semantic similarity features derived from the user persona profile and the event information. Based on the score calculated by step  204 , step  203  will match the user with a particular event having the highest score. 
         [0041]    Step  205  creates a schedule for the user for the event based on the matches output from the matching device  103 . That is, step  205  constructs a personalized schedule for the user, using scheduling and optimization techniques, where such schedule will respect explicit user&#39;s directions (e.g., the user wants to attend a certain talk) and will select a subset of sub-events that will maximize the sum of the scores and matches of step  203  and step  204  subject to the time and location constraints and calculate a schedule and route to attend the set of sub-events and display it to the user. 
         [0042]    Step  206  notifies the user of the networking opportunities in advance as well as how to take advantage of contingent and contextual information to quickly organize networking opportunities. Step  206  notifies the users of networking opportunities based on a change in the scheduling and networking information such that the user is aware of new networking opportunities causes by last minute changes in the schedule. 
         [0043]    It should be noted that the embodiments herein can be implemented on an App for devices which the App can be hosted by the host of the large expo or conference and the attendees can download the App. 
         [0044]    Exemplary Hardware Aspects, Using a Cloud Computing Environment 
         [0045]    It is understood in advance that although this disclosure includes a detailed description on cloud computing, implementation of the teachings recited herein are not limited to a cloud computing environment. Rather, embodiments of the present invention are capable of being implemented in conjunction with any other type of computing environment now known or later developed. 
         [0046]    Cloud computing is a model of service delivery for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g. networks, network bandwidth, servers, processing, memory, storage, applications, virtual machines, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or interaction with a provider of the service. This cloud model may include at least five characteristics, at least three service models, and at least four deployment models. 
         [0047]    Characteristics are as follows: 
         [0048]    On-demand self-service: a cloud consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, as needed automatically without requiring human interaction with the service&#39;s provider. 
         [0049]    Broad network access: capabilities are available over a network and accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, and PDAs). 
         [0050]    Resource pooling: the provider&#39;s computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to demand. There is a sense of location independence in that the consumer generally has no control or knowledge over the exact location of the provided resources but may be able to specify location at a higher level of abstraction (e.g., country, state, or datacenter). 
         [0051]    Rapid elasticity: capabilities can be rapidly and elastically provisioned, in some cases automatically, to quickly scale out and rapidly released to quickly scale in. To the consumer, the capabilities available for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can be purchased in any quantity at any time. 
         [0052]    Measured service: cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage, processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts). Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported providing transparency for both the provider and consumer of the utilized service. 
         [0053]    Service Models are as follows: 
         [0054]    Software as a Service (SaaS): the capability provided to the consumer is to use the provider&#39;s applications running on a cloud infrastructure. The applications are accessible from various client devices through a thin client interface such as a web browser (e.g., web-based e-mail) The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, storage, or even individual application capabilities, with the possible exception of limited user-specific application configuration settings. 
         [0055]    Platform as a Service (PaaS): the capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquired applications created using programming languages and tools supported by the provider. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including networks, servers, operating systems, or storage, but has control over the deployed applications and possibly application hosting environment configurations. 
         [0056]    Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): the capability provided to the consumer is to provision processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental computing resources where the consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage, deployed applications, and possibly limited control of select networking components (e.g., host firewalls). 
         [0057]    Deployment Models are as follows: 
         [0058]    Private cloud: the cloud infrastructure is operated solely for an organization. It may be managed by the organization or a third party and may exist on-premises or off-premises. 
         [0059]    Community cloud: the cloud infrastructure is shared by several organizations and supports a specific community that has shared concerns (e.g., mission, security requirements, policy, and compliance considerations). It may be managed by the organizations or a third party and may exist on-premises or off-premises. 
         [0060]    Public cloud: the cloud infrastructure is made available to the general public or a large industry group and is owned by an organization selling cloud services. 
         [0061]    Hybrid cloud: the cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more clouds (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities but are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables data and application portability (e.g., cloud bursting for load-balancing between clouds). 
         [0062]    A cloud computing environment is service oriented with a focus on statelessness, low coupling, modularity, and semantic interoperability. At the heart of cloud computing is an infrastructure comprising a network of interconnected nodes. 
         [0063]    Referring now to  FIG. 3 , a schematic of an example of a cloud computing node is shown. Cloud computing node  10  is only one example of a suitable cloud computing node and is not intended to suggest any limitation as to the scope of use or functionality of embodiments of the invention described herein. Regardless, cloud computing node  10  is capable of being implemented and/or performing any of the functionality set forth hereinabove. 
         [0064]    In cloud computing node  10  there is a computer system/server  12 , which is operational with numerous other general purpose or special purpose computing system environments or configurations. Examples of well-known computing systems, environments, and/or configurations that may be suitable for use with computer system/server  12  include, but are not limited to, personal computer systems, server computer systems, thin clients, thick clients, hand-held or laptop devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputer systems, mainframe computer systems, and distributed cloud computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, and the like. 
         [0065]    Computer system/server  12  may be described in the general context of computer system-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer system. Generally, program modules may include routines, programs, objects, components, logic, data structures, and so on that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Computer system/server  12  may be practiced in distributed cloud computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed cloud computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer system storage media including memory storage devices. 
         [0066]    As shown in  FIG. 3 , computer system/server  12  in cloud computing node  10  is shown in the form of a general-purpose computing device. The components of computer system/server  12  may include, but are not limited to, one or more processors or processing units  16 , a system memory  28 , and a bus  18  that couples various system components including system memory  28  to processor  16 . 
         [0067]    Bus  18  represents one or more of any of several types of bus structures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, and a processor or local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. By way of example, and not limitation, such architectures include Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, Enhanced ISA (EISA) bus, Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, and Peripheral Component Interconnects (PCI) bus. 
         [0068]    Computer system/server  12  typically includes a variety of computer system readable media. Such media may be any available media that is accessible by computer system/server  12 , and it includes both volatile and non-volatile media, removable and non-removable media. 
         [0069]    System memory  28  can include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM)  30  and/or cache memory  32 . Computer system/server  12  may further include other removable/non-removable, volatile/non-volatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, storage system  34  can be provided for reading from and writing to a non-removable, non-volatile magnetic media (not shown and typically called a “hard drive”). Although not shown, a magnetic disk drive for reading from and writing to a removable, non-volatile magnetic disk (e.g., a “floppy disk”), and an optical disk drive for reading from or writing to a removable, non-volatile optical disk such as a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM or other optical media can be provided. In such instances, each can be connected to bus  18  by one or more data media interfaces. As will be further depicted and described below, memory  28  may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules that are configured to carry out the functions of embodiments of the invention. 
         [0070]    Program/utility  40 , having a set (at least one) of program modules  42 , may be stored in memory  28  by way of example, and not limitation, as well as an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data. Each of the operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data or some combination thereof, may include an implementation of a networking environment. Program modules  42  generally carry out the functions and/or methodologies of embodiments of the invention as described herein. 
         [0071]    Computer system/server  12  may also communicate with one or more external devices  14  such as a keyboard, a pointing device, a display  24 , etc.; one or more devices that enable a user to interact with computer system/server  12 ; and/or any devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.) that enable computer system/server  12  to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication can occur via Input/Output (I/O) interfaces  22 . Still yet, computer system/server  12  can communicate with one or more networks such as a local area network (LAN), a general wide area network (WAN), and/or a public network (e.g., the Internet) via network adapter  20 . As depicted, network adapter  20  communicates with the other components of computer system/server  12  via bus  18 . It should be understood that although not shown, other hardware and/or software components could be used in conjunction with computer system/server  12 . Examples, include, but are not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data archival storage systems, etc. 
         [0072]    Referring now to  FIG. 4 , illustrative cloud computing environment  50  is depicted. As shown, cloud computing environment  50  comprises one or more cloud computing nodes  10  with which local computing devices used by cloud consumers, such as, for example, personal digital assistant (PDA) or cellular telephone  54 A, desktop computer  54 B, laptop computer  54 C, and/or automobile computer system  54 N may communicate. Nodes  10  may communicate with one another. They may be grouped (not shown) physically or virtually, in one or more networks, such as Private, Community, Public, or Hybrid clouds as described hereinabove, or a combination thereof. This allows cloud computing environment  50  to offer infrastructure, platforms and/or software as services for which a cloud consumer does not need to maintain resources on a local computing device. It is understood that the types of computing devices  54 A-N shown in  FIG. 8  are intended to be illustrative only and that computing nodes  10  and cloud computing environment  50  can communicate with any type of computerized device over any type of network and/or network addressable connection (e.g., using a web browser). 
         [0073]    Referring now to  FIG. 5 , a set of functional abstraction layers provided by cloud computing environment  50  ( FIG. 4 ) is shown. It should be understood in advance that the components, layers, and functions shown in  FIG. 5  are intended to be illustrative only and embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto. As depicted, the following layers and corresponding functions are provided: 
         [0074]    Hardware and software layer  60  includes hardware and software components. Examples of hardware components include: mainframes  61 ; RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) architecture based servers  62 ; servers  63 ; blade servers  64 ; storage devices  65 ; and networks and networking components  66 . In some embodiments, software components include network application server software  67  and database software  68 . 
         [0075]    Virtualization layer  70  provides an abstraction layer from which the following examples of virtual entities may be provided: virtual servers  71 ; virtual storage  72 ; virtual networks  73 , including virtual private networks; virtual applications and operating systems  74 ; and virtual clients  75 . 
         [0076]    In one example, management layer  80  may provide the functions described below. Resource provisioning  81  provides dynamic procurement of computing resources and other resources that are utilized to perform tasks within the cloud computing environment. Metering and Pricing  82  provide cost tracking as resources are utilized within the cloud computing environment, and billing or invoicing for consumption of these resources. In one example, these resources may comprise application software licenses. Security provides identity verification for cloud consumers and tasks, as well as protection for data and other resources. User portal  83  provides access to the cloud computing environment for consumers and system administrators. Service level management  84  provides cloud computing resource allocation and management such that required service levels are met. Service Level Agreement (SLA) planning and fulfillment  85  provide pre-arrangement for, and procurement of, cloud computing resources for which a future requirement is anticipated in accordance with an SLA. 
         [0077]    Workloads layer  90  provides examples of functionality for which the cloud computing environment may be utilized. Examples of workloads and functions which may be provided from this layer include: mapping and navigation  91 ; software development and lifecycle management  92 ; virtual classroom education delivery  93 ; data analytics processing  94 ; transaction processing  95 ; and, more particularly relative to the present invention, the personalized scheduling and networking system  100  described herein. 
         [0078]    The descriptions of the various embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration, but are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application or technical improvement over technologies found in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein. 
         [0079]    Further, Applicant&#39;s intent is to encompass the equivalents of all claim elements, and no amendment to any claim of the present application should be construed as a disclaimer of any interest in or right to an equivalent of any element or feature of the amended claim.