Abstract:
The invention concerns a textile machine ( 10 ) with a multiplicity of workstations ( 41   a-d ), one electronic device ( 42 ) per workstation, a central machine control ( 20, 22 ), a machine bus ( 25 ) for communication between the machine control and each or possibly a group ( 30   a-d ) of electronic device(s) and a sensor apparatus ( 43 ) for each workstation. A central evaluation unit ( 24 ) is provided for the assessment of sensor data from the sensor apparatuses ( 44 ), whereby the sensor data embraces continually measured characteristic values and/or the quality or signal data derived therefrom. The central evaluation unit ( 24 ) is connected by means of a first communication connection ( 23, 23 ′) with the machine control ( 20, 22 ) or so connected by the machine bus ( 25 ). The sensor apparatuses ( 43 ) are connected with the evaluation unit ( 24 ) through a second communication connection ( 23, 25, 31   a   , 40, 44, 45 ) and the second communication connection embraces at least the machine bus ( 25 ) and the first communication connection ( 23, 23 ′). A procedure for the transmission of sensor data in the case of a textile machine provides the transmission of the data from sensor apparatuses ( 43 ) to a central evaluation unit ( 24 ) at least by interconnected pathways and through a machine bus ( 25 ) of the textile machine ( 10 ).

Description:
BACKGROUND 
   The invention concerns a textile machine with a multiplicity of workstations, a central machine control and a machine bus for communication between the machine control and each, or possibly a group of electronic devices associated with each workstation, wherein a sensor device is located at each workstation. 
   A textile machine made known by EP 0 832 997 A2 possesses a multiplicity of workstations and respectively, a workstation electronic device is placed at each said workstation. The workstation electronic devices are respectively grouped with a section controller by a connection through a data interface. Section controllers are, in turn, interconnected by a data line to a machine bus. The machine bus is further connected to a machine center in such a manner, that the machine center controls the sectional controllers which are connected in parallel along the machine bus. This arrangement accordingly provides control for the workstation electronic devices. At each workstation electronic device a thread-monitor is located, which detects the presence of a thread at its assigned workstation and in a case of absence of a thread, transmits a corresponding signal to the workstation electronic device. The body of information transmitted from the thread-monitor, that is, the data throughput demanded for this purpose, is very small, since the information provided, i.e. “Thread Lacking”, for example, is only given out by a break in the running thread. This is an event which occurs but seldom. 
   In the case of a disclosed communication structure, namely from WO 85/01073, the workstations of a textile machine are monitored by respective warning instruments. In this way, the sensors are placed at each workstation and accordingly transmit analog thread-signals to a processor. Analog thread-signals from a group of monitoring sensors can be evaluated by one processor and subsequently transmitted in digital form through a communication channel to a communication processor. Several processors are connected in parallel onto the said communication channel. The data, which are transmitted from the processors to the communication channel, are received by a centralized unit of the thread monitoring system and are there evaluated. 
   From this centralized unit, in turn, alarm signals and commands for intervention are sent over a communication connection to a control center of the textile machine. Because of the thread-signal, the monitoring at the workstations requires a stand-alone communication structure. 
   SUMMARY 
   It is the purpose of the invention to create an economical communication structure for the monitoring of the workstations of a textile machine. Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the following description, or may be obvious from the description, or may be learned through practice of the invention. 
   The textile machine in accord with one embodiment of the invention encompasses a multiplicity of workstations and respectively one electronic device per workstation. A workstation is usually a spinning station of an open end spinning machine, a winding point, or the like. The textile machine is monitored and regulated by a machine control center in order, for example, to detect failure at a workstation, to take individual workstations out of production, or to shut down or to start up an entire machine. By means of a machine bus, the machine control remains in communication with the electronic devices of the workstations or in some cases with a group of such electronic devices. The communication, in this arrangement, is bidirectional, so that commands are transmitted from the machine control to the electronic device or, conversely, error conditions captured by the electronic device at the workstation are sent to the machine control. 
   Besides the electronic device, at each workstation a sensor apparatus is installed, which carries out a supervisory function. With its high scanning frequency of a plurality of values per second the sensor apparatus picks up a characteristic values at the workstation. Extremely advantageously in this case, a sensor is included in the apparatus for the monitoring of the thread quality of the thread produced or processed at the individual workstation. 
   Besides the centralized machine control, a central evaluation unit is assigned to the textile machine for the evaluation of sensor data and/or the data which are therefrom derived. To obtain a substantially reduced data throughput, the sensor data capture, in this arrangement, primary data, which are generated at each sensor, or, conversely, the quality or signal data derived therefrom. 
   The central evaluation unit, with this two-way circuit, makes decisions overriding the sensors in regard to the textile machine. When, the thread quality is monitored by the sensor apparatus, then the advantage of this override is that from the thread quality values of any one of the individual sensors, the central evaluation unit can make one evaluation which governs all workstations on the textile machine. The central evaluation unit weighs, in this manner, the primary sensor data, the data corresponding to the measured values, and advantageously the secondary quality or signal data derived therefrom. This derived secondary quality or signal data include, for example, classification information for the thread, thread fault-signals, technical alarms regarding the operational readiness of the sensor apparatus or the like. The central evaluation unit can proceed still further in the processing of the derived, secondary quality-data. For instance the evaluation unit can execute spectrograms of the thread quality and determine CV-values. This can be done either for all workstations of the textile machine or for individual workstations. 
   The central evaluation unit is connected by a first communication line with the machine control or, preferably, is directly connected to the machine bus. By the said direct connection of the evaluation unit through the first communication line to the machine bus, the quantity of distributable sensor data to be forwarded from the machine control to the central evaluation unit is substantially reduced. In this way, a diminution of the load on the machine control is attained. The sensor apparatuses are connected by a second communication line to the evaluation unit, wherein the second communications line includes at least the machine bus and the first communication line. With this advantage, the transmission of the sensor data for each of the sensor apparatuses to the central evaluation unit will at least be to some extent picked up on the communication and control structure of the textile machine. It then becomes unnecessary to provide a dedicated, separate communication structure for the sensor apparatus and its evaluation unit. In this way, the expense on the wiring between the sensor apparatuses and the central evaluation unit is considerably reduces If such provision has been made, in this case, for example, also the adjustment of the sensor apparatus can be carried out over this communication structure with the use of the machine bus. In this case, it is of particular advantage to design the second communication line to be bidirectional in nature. Among other advantages, the reaction times are considerably reduced, when the sensor apparatuses emit signals, which, for instance, are to be evaluated only at the central machine control, since the central evaluation unit, in this case, need not be interposed. 
   As already mentioned, it is preferential, that from the primary, measured characteristic values for data reduction, only the quality or signal data derived therefrom need be transmitted over the communication structure. The transmission of this secondary data is carried out either continuously, that is, as data accumulates with each sensor apparatus, or packetwise, that is, upon the accumulation of a certain quantity of data or upon a demand from the central evaluation unit. Particularly advantageously, the transmission can occur at predetermined time periods, for instance in timed minute spans, wherein the sensor apparatuses are time-adjusted to release their data to the central evaluation unit in an appointed time window. 
   In the case of a large number of workstations per textile machine, advantageously, correspondingly more workstations would be assigned to a group, that is, coalesced into a section, which in turn would be connected to a section controller which would be tied into the machine bus. The connection between the group of electronic devices with the section unit can be a star-shaped connection, preferably by a section bus. Likewise, in this case, the sensor apparatuses are subdivided again groupwise, whereby, advantageously, the size of the group and the groupings hereof are compatible to those of the electronic apparatus of the workstations. The communication between the central evaluation unit and the sensor apparatuses is done, in this case, sectionally through a third communication line, which runs between a section and the sensor apparatuses. The third communication connection can be provided directly between the section units and the sensor apparatuses or can be accomplished by an interposed switching in of the sectional bus. In the case of a direct connection between the controllers and the section units, this is also advantageously constructed in star formation. 
   In a further embodiment of the present invention, the sensor apparatuses are not connected directly with the section units, nor with the section bus, but by a sensor-section-element, on which, once again, the sensors are star connected with one another, or communicate with each other by a sensor-section bus. 
   Forwarding of the sensor data is done, in this case, from the sensor apparatus to the sensor section unit and from this to the section unit either by section bus or by direct connection thereto. Provision can also be made, that from this sensor apparatus the communication can be accomplished directly to machine bus. 
   Very advantageously, each sensor apparatus possesses a communication means and/or an evaluation unit for making available secondary, derived quality or signal data. With this communication means, digital signals can be directly transmitted and, in the case of a bidirectional tie, also received. 
   If the captured measured values, i.e., the primary characteristic values, have been already evaluated by the sensor apparatus, then the data to be transmitted have been substantially reduced. If the sensor apparatus possesses both a communication means as well as an evaluation unit, then, an autonomically reacting sensor apparatus is in place. If this is the case, then a sensor section unit may be dispensed with and communication may be established direct to the machine bus, to the section controller, or to the section bus. 
   Very much to advantage, besides making use of the communication and control structure of the textile machine, is that also an existing power supply can be put to use on the textile machine for the electronic elements of the workstations. Besides sparing the costs of connection for the communication, additionally the wiring costs for a separate, individual electrical current supply are also avoided. 
   In the case of the procedure for transmission of sensor data where a textile machine is concerned, in accord with claim  12 , the transmission of sensor data, at least batchwise, is accomplished by a machine bus of the textile machine. As mentioned above, also in this case, a separate communication structure for the central evaluation of the sensor data may be discarded. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     With the aid of the drawing, embodiments of the invention are explained in greater detail. There is shown in: 
       FIG. 1  a communication structure for a spinning machine for the transmission of quality data in accord with a first embodiment, 
       FIG. 2  a communication structure in accord with a second embodiment wherein further a supply network is presented, and 
       FIG. 3  a communication structure in accord with a third embodiment example. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
   Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the invention, examples of which are shown in the drawings. Each embodiment is provided by way of explanation of the invention, and not as a limitation of the invention. For example, features shown or described as part of one embodiment may be used with another embodiment to yield still a different embodiment. It is intended that the present invention include these and other modification and variations. 
     FIG. 1  shows, in a schematic manner, a communication structure in accord with the embodiment for an open-end spinning machine  10 . The open-end spinning machine is controlled by a central machine control  20 . Optionally, this central machine control  20  can be connected through an external line  11  to a general works control  12 . The works control  12  regulates or controls, for example, several parallel operating spinning machines  10  or pre/post-positioned workstations of the spinning machine. The machine control  20  is in communication by a line  21  for data exchange with a CAN-distributor  22  (router). For the data exchange between the elements of the spinning machine  10 , the CAN-distributor  22  operates through a machine bus  25  (CAN-bus). By a communication line  23 , a central quality evaluation unit  24  is connected to the machine bus  25 . The central quality evaluation unit  24  further stands in connection through a still to be described communication structure with thread cleaners  43  for data exchange. The quality evaluation unit  24  operates independently form the central machine control  20 , although it can both send and receive control data therefrom. 
   Instead of the communication line  23 , in another embodiment, provision can be made for a communication tie link  23 ′ directly between the machine control  20  and the evaluation unit  24 . The communication line  23  is, however, to be preferred, since this relieves the central machine control  20  of nothing more than simple data passage from the bus  25  to the said evaluation unit  24 . Further, the evaluation unit  24  can be installed spatially independently of the machine control  20 . 
   In addition on the machine bus  25  and connected by communication line  27  is a service cart  26  with a start-up aggregate for the spinning machine  10 . Additionally, although not shown here, startup robots are likewise connected by communication line to the machine bus  25 . 
   The spinning stations  41   a-d  are combined groupwise in a section  30   a-d , whereby in  FIG. 1 , only the spinning stations  41   a-d  and the section  30   a  are shown in detail. Each section includes a section controller  31   a-d , whereby each section controller  31   a-d  is connected respectively by communication line  32   a-d  to the machine bus  25 . Each section controller  31   a-d  also exercises a router function for the data exchange between a section bus  40  and the machine bus  25 . In this way, the section bus  40  is controlled from the section controller  31   a . A section electronic device  42  as well as a thread cleaner  43  is assigned to each spinning station  41   a-d . Each spinning station  41   a-d  is connected by a communication line  62   a-d  to the section bus  40 . To each section electronic device  42 , for example, is connected a thread monitor, which monitors thread-presence at the spinning station. The section electronic device  42 , being equipped with appropriate sensors and actuators, is also connected to a feeding means, which, for example, inserts a fiber matting band into a disintegrating roll at the spinning station. The communication structure of the spinning machine  10 , as described up to this point, is identical to that of the second and third embodiments as presented in  FIGS. 2 and 3 . In the following, on this account, the described elements are provided with the same reference numbers. 
   In the case of the first embodiment, according to  FIG. 1 , the thread cleaners  43  are in connection with a cleaner bus  45  through the tie-lines  64   a-d . Similar to the section controller  31   a , the cleaner bus is controlled and operated by a cleaner section unit  44 . The cleaner section unit  44  has primarily a router function, although it can also, in a sectional manner, evaluate the data transmitted from the thread cleaners  43  and, in some cases, transmit control data especially to the section controller  31   a , in order, for example, to act through the section electronic device  42  on the operation of the spinning stations  41   a-d.    
   The cleaning section controller  44  is connected directly by a communication line  63  with the section controller  31   a  or, in a preferred formulation, by means of a communication line  63 ′ to the section bus  40  through the said section controller  31   a  . With this communication structure, communication is effected between the evaluation unit  24  and a thread cleaner  43  through the communication line  23  (that is to say, the communication line  23 ′, the machine control  20  to the distributor  22 ) to the machine bus  25 , the communication line  32   a-d , the section controller  31   a-d , the section bus  40  and the communication line  63 ′ (or the communication line  63 ) the cleaning section unit  44 , the cleaning bus  45 , the communication line  64   a-d  and finally to the thread cleaner  43 . Correspondingly, the communication can run in the reversed order. 
   Examples for the data exchange are stated in the following: From the evaluation unit  24 , a software download/upload is carried out for the thread cleaner  43  as a downlink through this communication structure to the thread cleaner  43 . Or, in a batch, i.e., a party-exchange at the spinning machine  10 , (that is, upon the alteration of the quality or the kind of thread to be produced by the spinning station) new adjustment parameters for thread cleaning are transmitted in the downlink from the quality evaluator to the thread cleaner  43 . 
   In the case of the embodiment presented here, each thread cleaner  43  possesses its own integral evaluation processor along with a communication processor, so that the thread quality, which has been captured in analog form by means of the sensor component of the thread cleaner  43 , is converted to digital values and subjected to a preliminary evaluation. The preliminary evaluation embraces, among other things, a classification of the measured thread value, as this is generally known, the determination of thread faults, and if a thread break need be carried out. These quality values, i.e., control data, are then transmitted from uplink through the communication structure from the thread cleaner  43  to the central evaluation unit  24 . If, beyond this, for instance at the spinning station  41   a  the thread quality requires an artificial thread break, then from the thread cleaner  43  a corresponding control demand is made over the communication line  64   a , the bus  45 , the cleaning section unit  44 , the communication connection  63 ′, the section bus  40  to the section electronic device  41   a  (or through the alternate path of the section controller  31   a  in case of the connection  63 ). The completion of this message then releases by control means of the feed of the fiber band (stop demand) an artificial thread break. At the same time, of course this information is further forwarded to the evaluation unit  24  for the statistical evaluation. 
   The central quality evaluation unit  24  then produces statistic data from the input of quality and/or control data. For example, it calculates average or absolute quality schemata in the form of the known quality matrices, this is either concerning a single spinning station  41   a-d , sectionwise  33   a-d  or is valid for all spinning stations of the spinning machine  10 . Along with this, it is also possible that spectrograms, CV-values and the like can also be determined with reference to spinning stations, sections of spinning stations. This form of the communication and evaluation is also valid, especially for the further embodiments. 
     FIG. 2  demonstrates a communication structure according to a second embodiment This represents partially, that of  FIG. 1 , with the difference, that in this case the electrical current feed to the individual section electronic devices  42  and the thread cleaners  43  is additionally shown and the communication between the thread cleaners  43 ′ and the cleaner section unit  44 ′ deviates from that of FIG.  1 . The supply of current, however, is applicable to the structure of FIG.  1 . 
   In this case, the thread cleaners  43 ′ stand individually communicatively connected through connections  65   a-d  in star-shaped arrangement with cleaner section unit  44 ′. The thread cleaners  43 ′ could be designed in accord with the thread cleaners  43 , wherein the communication over connection  65   a-d  would be carried out in a digital exchange. Advantageously, however, the thread cleaners  43 ′ are analog sensor heads and by the communication connection  65   a-d , principally control-potentials are applied from the cleaning section unit  44 ′ onto the thread cleaners  43 ′, and conversely, by means of the communication connection  65   a-d  analog values of the thread cleaner are transmitted to the cleaner section unit  44 ′. In this case, the thread cleaners operate as sensor heads without themselves processing the measured values. The necessary evaluation is then accomplished by the cleaner section unit  44 ′, so that from that source, corresponding control data and quality data for each spinning station  41   a-d  are made available. The transmission from the cleaner section unit  44 , for example, to the central evaluation unit  24  is executed analogously to the path described for  FIG. 1 , and likewise, the downlinks from the evaluation unit  24  to the cleaner section unit  44 ′. In this case the adjustments, that is, software updates, are not undertaken in the thread cleaners  43 ′, but rather in the cleaner section unit  44 ′. 
   Further, in  FIG. 2  a current supply structure is presented. The voltage supply runs from one central current supply unit  70  through cable  71 , parallel to the machine bus  25 , and from cable  71  through the branches  72  to the section controllers  3   a-d.    
   In this way, the current supply unit  70  can make available a plurality of supply potentials (for instance, 24 volt, 50 volts or 12 volts) by means of the cable  71 , or principally produce only one supply potential, namely 24 volts. In each section controller  31   a-d,s  there is provided a terminal for energy supply. Further, the branches  72  are extended to a distributor cable  73 , which also runs parallel to the section bus  40 . From the distributor cable  73  run again branches  74  to each spinning station electronic  42 , which then supplies the sensors and actuators with voltage. Further a line  75  branches off of the distributor cable  73  which delivers potential to the tread cleaner section unit  4   4 ′. Up to now, the corresponding structure is interchangeable with that of FIG.  1 . Power lines  76 , in star connection, run from the cleaner section unit  44 ′ parallel to the communication connections  65   a-d  and supply the thread cleaners  43 ′. Parallel, in the sense of the description is to be interpreted as not necessarily physically parallel, but rather parallel in relation to the communication structure. From the state of the construction, of the spinning machine, however, a physical parallel lay of the lines is also of merit, since then energy supply and communication lines can be bundled together. 
   In a further embodiment, it is possible that instead of the lines  76 , even branching can be carried out by the extension of the spinning station electronic  42  to the thread cleaners  43 . 
     FIG. 3  shows a third embodiment of the communication structure, with a further layout design of the current supply system. In deviation from  FIG. 1 , in this case omissions included the connections  63  and/or  63 ′, the cleaning section unit  44  and the cleaner bus  45 . Instead of the communication ties  64   a-d  to the cleaner bus  45 , in this case the thread cleaner is connected directly to the section bus  40  by means of the communication tie  66   a-d . Similar to the case of the first embodiment, the thread cleaner  67  includes here an evaluator electronic system, with which, possibly, analog measurement data are converted to digital measurement data and is then subjected to a preliminary evaluation. This data is then transmitted through a communication apparatus in the measuring head through the communication connection  66   a-d  to the section bus  40 . Data and control data are then available from this bus  40 . 
   In the case of the power distribution structure of  FIG. 3 , the thread cleaners  67  are connected to the distributor  73  by tie lines  78 . Such a structure can also be provided which corresponds to the structures of FIG.  1  and FIG.  2 . 
   It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims and their equivalents.