Abstract:
A method and apparatus for sustained power self-generation using a reduced drag high efficiency (HE) electric machine are disclosed. Electric power supply having a power level is produced from an electrical generation unit including an HE electric machine and a non-fossil fuel unit such as a hydrogen unit, a hydro unit, a battery, a power grid and so on. Portions of the electric power supply are diverted to the electrical generation unit, another electrical generation unit including an HE electric machine and a non-fossil fuel unit, and a power distribution grid. The HE machines includes a conversion efficiency factor rating of greater than 1 hp of input power to 746 watts of output power.

Description:
FIELD 
       [0001]    The present invention relates generally to a decreased drag electric power generating machine, and more particularly to diverting generator power to operate a drive system. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    Rapid consumption of exhaustible energy from the earth, largely in the form of fossil fuels and rapid depletion of associated energy resources and accompanying environmental pollution and climate change drives the clear need for alternative energy supplies. Existing energy supplies must be used more efficiently. 
         [0003]    In view of these and other issues, the need for sustainable power generation units is obvious. Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydroelectric, electrostatic, temperature differential and geothermal energy have significant problems of availability, reliability and expense. Even gravity, if it could be efficiently harnessed, could provide a most attractive alternative. 
         [0004]    One contribution to increasing consumption efficiency and sustainability is to increase the efficiency of electrical power generation. Increasing the conversion efficiency associated with converting mechanical energy to electrical power can provide potentially large gains. An ordinary electric generator typically converts close to 99% of supplied mechanical power into electric power based on a conventional 100% conversion efficiency comparison factor of one horsepower per 746 watts generated, however such a factor is somewhat misleading as true efficiency that takes into account friction losses and the like, may be significantly less. Still further gains can be achieved using superconducting technology. For example, a superconducting generator can be around 10-times smaller than a conventional generator for the same output. 
         [0005]    While such gains are attractive, the expenses and challenges of implementing superconducting solutions are well known. It is therefore also desirable to achieve efficiency gains that are centered around more conventional structures. For example, if the reaction force or magnetic drag can be reduced or eliminated from the armature of an alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) generator, the efficiency could be theoretically increased by 400-500%. Under such an increase in efficiency, one horsepower could generate up to 3,730 watts. Still further, by combining superconductivity with reduced magnetic drag, a greater than 10-fold increase in efficiency may be possible. 
         [0006]    To better understand the rudiments of power generation, it is commonly known that every atom has a nucleus composed of positively charged protons and uncharged neutrons. Negatively charged electrons orbit the nucleus. In most atoms, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus, so that there is no net charge. If the number of electrons is less than the number of protons, then the atom has a net positive charge. If the number of electrons is greater than the number of protons, then the atom has a net negative charge. 
         [0007]    While on an aggregate scale, the universe is electrically neutral, local concentrations of charge throughout biological and physical systems are responsible for all electrical activity. Further, not all electrons are involved in the structure of material. Vast numbers of electrons which are loosely bound “electrons at large” are in equilibrium with outer shell electrons of atoms in the environment. It is from this pool of electrons in the atmosphere and in the ground, when set into combined motion along a path, that an electric current is generated. Thus, if electrical pressure from a generator is applied to an electrical conductor, such as copper wire, and the circuit closed, electrons will flow along the wire from negative to positive, from atom to atom forming an electric current. 
         [0008]    The movement of energy associated with electrical current flow occurs at the speed of light, or approximately 186,000 miles per second. 
         [0009]    For conceptual purposes, a wire connected to a DC power source will cause electrons to flow through the wire in a manner approximating water flowing through a pipe. The path of any one electron can be anywhere within the volume of the wire or even at the surface. When an AC voltage is applied across a wire it will cause electrons to vibrate back and forth in such a manner as to generate magnetic fields that push electrons toward the surface of the wire. As the frequency of the applied AC signal increases, the electrons are pushed farther away from the center and toward the surface. 
         [0010]    A conventional electric power generator contains two main parts: a stator and a rotor. The stator is generally made of iron or other ferro-magnetic material and contains long slots having a certain depth and in which wire coils are wound in such a fashion to allow electric power to be generated when magnetic fields emanating from the rotor move past the coils. The rotor contains a specific arrangement of magnets, which are generally wound armature electro-magnets whose strength is governed by the amount of current flowing in the armature windings. It should be noted that, while permanent magnets have attractive properties, the use of permanent magnets, particularly in large scale applications, have traditionally been avoided due to the relatively high cost of magnetic material. When the rotor spins inside the stator, the magnetic fields from the rotor induce a current in the stator windings thus generating what is referred to as electrical power. 
         [0011]    The energy required to spin the rotor is typically supplied by a drive unit of some kind, such as an electrical drive motor, diesel or other fossil fuel motor, steam turbine or the like. At typical efficiencies, only 20% of the energy input by the driver motor is devoted to creating electric power. The remaining 80% is dissipated by magnetic drag, or braking forces, that develop between the rotor and the stator. 
         [0012]    When current is supplied to a load from a conventional generator, a magnetic force or reaction force is created by the flow of the load current in the generator conductors that opposes the rotation of the generator armature. If the load current in the generator conductors increases, the drag associated with the reaction force increases. More force must be applied to the armature as the load increases to keep the armature from slowing. Increasing drag and increasing load current leads to decreasing conversion efficiency and can eventually lead to destructive consequences for generator equipment. 
         [0013]    The well known laws of thermodynamics have been applied in historical and current designs of electric power generators and electric motors. The laws of thermodynamics are described below. 
         [0014]    1. First Law of Thermodynamics (“First Law”)—The First Law is often called the Law of Conservation of Enemy. According to the First law, the total amount of energy in the universe is constant but is not evenly distributed. The First Law suggests that energy can be transferred from one system to another system, but the energy cannot be created nor destroyed. Energy is however interchangeable with matter and that relationship was E=MC 2 . In this equation, energy (E) is equal to matter (M) times the square of a constant (C) 
         [0015]    2. Second Law of Thermodynamics (“Second Law”)—According to the 
         [0016]    Second Law, heat cannot be transferred from a colder to a hotter body. Energy transfer must be in one direction and the process is irreversible. The Second Law predicts that entropy (measure of the disorder or randomness of energy and matter in a system) of an isolated system always increases with time. A=πr 2    
         [0017]    3. Third Law of Thermodynamics (“Third Law”)—According to the Third Law, if all thermal motion of molecules (kinetic energy) could be removed, a state of absolute zero would occur. This temperature is believed to be minus 273.15 degrees Celsius or “0” Kelvin. The universe theoretically should reach absolute zero when all energy and matter is randomly distributed across the universe. 
         [0018]    Known equipment and known motive machines have operated and continue to operate in a paradigm of scientific understanding based on the above laws. For example, in a known electric power generator, 1 horsepower of kinetic energy delivered to the shaft of an electric power generator can generate 746 watts of electric energy i.e. 1 hp=746 watts. 
         [0019]    It would be desirable therefore to increase generator efficiency by reducing the motor reaction effect and the corresponding negative consequences and by using efficiency gains to power a generator drive system. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0020]    While it may appear that using such efficiency gains to power the generator from which the efficiency gains were obtained, would violate the laws of thermodynamics, advantages provided in accordance with embodiments are set forth herein below. 
         [0021]    Various exemplary embodiments are discussed and described herein involving aspects of an electric machine that can provide sustained power self-generation using a reduced drag high efficiency (HE) electric machine. A first electric power supply having a first level of power can be produced from a first electrical generation unit including a first HE electric machine and a first non-fossil fuel unit. Respective portions of the first electric power supply having a second level of power can be diverted to at least two of: the first electrical generation unit; a second electrical generation unit including a second HE electric machine and a second non-fossil fuel unit; and a power distribution grid. The first and the second HE machines includes a conversion efficiency factor rating of greater than 1 hp of input power to 746 watts of output power. At least a portion of the first electric power supply can be stored in a power storage device, recovered and returned as needed. In accordance with various embodiments, at least one of the first and second non-fossil fuel units includes a hydrogen drive system, a hydro drive system, a hydraulic drive system, an electric power grid, a power storage device such as, for example, a battery or a capacitor, a standard efficiency generator, or a standard efficiency motor. At least one of the first and the second HE electric machine includes a HE generator, an HE motor, or an HE motor co-generation unit. At least one of the first and second non-fossil fuel units includes a standard efficiency generator. In accordance with an embodiment, a connection between the first HE electrical generation unit and the second HE generation unit includes a first efficiency multiplier and a connection between the second HE generation unit and a third HE generation unit includes a second efficiency multiplier such that the gains in efficiency can result in a multiplier effect. 
         [0022]    In an embodiment, an assembly for providing self-sustaining generation can include a first reduced drag high efficiency (HE) electric machine, a first non-fossil fuel unit coupled to the first HE electric machine to form an first HE generation unit, an electrical output connection between the first HE generation unit and an electrical load, and an electrical feedback connection coupled between the electrical output connection of the first HE generation unit and an electrical input of the first HE generation unit, The electrical output connection outputs a first level of power to the electrical load and outputs a second level of power to the first HE generation unit. The electrical load includes at least one of: a second HE, generation unit including a second HE electric machine and a second non-fossil fuel unit; and a power distribution grid. The first and the second HE generation units operate at an efficiency greater than ‘hp of input power to 746 watts of output power. The assembly can further include a power storage device coupled to the electrical output connection, the power storage device capable of having at least a portion of the first electric power supply stored therein and, for example, a variable frequency drive coupled to the power storage device and the first HE generation unit, the variable frequency drive recovering and returning the stored at least a portion of the first electric power supply as needed. A power storage device capable of having at least a portion of the first electric power supply stored therein can be coupled to the electrical output connection. A variable frequency drive can be coupled to the power storage device and the first HE generation unit and can recover and return the stored at least a portion of the first electric power supply as needed. In accordance with various embodiments, at least one of the first and second non-fossil fuel units includes a hydrogen drive system, a hydro drive system, a hydraulic drive system, an electric power grid, a power storage device such as, for example, a battery and a capacitor, a standard efficiency generator, a standard efficiency motor, and the like. At least one of the first and the second HE electric machine includes an HE generator, an HE motor, or an HE motor co-generation unit. A connection between the first HE electrical generation unit and the second HE generation unit is constituted according to a first efficiency multiplier and a connection between the second HE generation unit and a third HE generation unit is constituted according to a second efficiency multiplier. When the storage device includes at least one of a battery and a capacitor a rectifier coupled between the electrical feedback connection and the storage device can be included. 
         [0023]    It is an object therefore to magnify electric power during generation by using a standard electric motor to drive a generator having an efficiency higher than that of the electric motor drive thereby producing surplus usable energy. 
         [0024]    It is an object to use a high efficiency generator with a hydrogen driven engine to provide a self-sustaining electric power. 
         [0025]    It is an object to use a high efficiency generator and a standard efficiency electric driving motor to produce residual power to operate the driving motor and additional usable power. 
         [0026]    It is an object to use a high efficiency electric generator and a standard efficiency electric driving motor to produce residual power to operate the driving motor through storage batteries and capacitors. 
         [0027]    It is an object to use a high efficiency electric generator with a standard efficiency electric driving motor to produce residual power to operate the driving motor through a hydraulic system with a nitrogen accumulator as a short-term stored energy supply. 
         [0028]    It is an object to use a high efficiency electric generator with a standard efficiency electric driving motor to produce residual power to operate the driving motor through a hydro storage system utilizing a water pump, a water storage reservoir and gravity flow through a generator turbine system. 
         [0029]    It is a further object of the present invention to use a high efficiency electric generator with a standard efficiency electric driving motor to produce residual power to operate the driving motor through a net metering hookup with an existing power grid. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0030]    In order that embodiments may be fully and more clearly understood by way of non-limitative examples, the following description is taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like reference numerals designate similar or corresponding elements, regions and portions, and in which: 
           [0031]      FIG. 1  is a diagram illustrating an exemplary configuration for the magnification of electric power through a standard electric motor driving an electric generator of a higher efficiency than the electric drive motor; 
           [0032]      FIG. 2  is a diagram illustrating a high efficiency electric generator, a hydrogen generator, and a hydrogen-driven standard drive engine; 
           [0033]      FIG. 3  is a diagram illustrating a high efficiency electric generator, a standard efficiency electric driving motor and a bank of energy storage devices; 
           [0034]      FIG. 4  is a diagram illustrating a high efficiency electric generator, a standard efficiency electric driving motor, and a hydraulic system with a nitrogen accumulator as a short term stored energy supply; and 
           [0035]      FIG. 5  is a diagram illustrating a high efficiency electric generator, a standard efficiency electric driving motor, and a hydro storage system utilizing a water pump, a water storage reservoir and gravity flow through a generator turbine system. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0036]    In accordance with various exemplary embodiments discussed and described herein, and by way of brief summary, an exemplary electric power generation process is disclosed whereby a high efficiency generator in which one horsepower of mechanical energy can be used to generate greater than the conventional limit of 746 watts. 
         [0037]    Exemplary embodiments make use of a new paradigm of efficiency in which 1 hp of kinetic energy input onto the shaft of an electric power generator in accordance with exemplary embodiments yields approximately 3,000 watts of electric energy output from the generator leading to a generation factor whereby 1 hp=3,000 watts. If the kinetic energy delivered onto the shaft of the generator is driven by a 1 hp motor which consumes 746 watts and 746 watts from the output of the of the generator is fed back to the driver motor through an interface such as a battery pack and proper conversion device, a net of 2,254 watts of usable power is generated. 
         [0038]    Paradigm shift is a term first coined by Thomas Kuhn in his book “The Structure of Scientific Revolutions,” published 1962. The term is used to reference a change in basic assumptions within the ruling theory of science. The current assumptions concerning electric energy generation by rotating machinery based electric power generators are based upon historical observations from electromotive machines. The classic observations are based on a particular design of the generator and result in design paradigms in which only 20 percent of the kinetic energy input onto the shaft of the generator is used to generate electric power, when operating at full load. The remaining 80 percent is dissipated by competing destructive magnetic forces within the generator resulting from sub-optimum generator design. The High Efficiency Generator described in accordance with embodiments in the present and related patent applications has been redesigned to reduce the 80 percent kinetic energy loss from the destructive magnetic forces by greater than 90 percent. Therefore at full load, a High Efficiency Generator, for example as described herein, requires approximately 24 percent of the energy required to drive a classic generator at full load. Accordingly, it is possible to generate the same amount of energy in accordance with a higher efficiency paradigm using approximately one-fourth the kinetic energy input that would be required with conventional paradigms as illustrated by Equation 1: 
         [0000]    
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
                     
                       
                         EI 
                         = 
                           
                          
                         
                           HE 
                           LE 
                         
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                         = 
                           
                          
                         
                           
                             3000 
                              
                             
                                 
                             
                              
                             
                               Watts 
                               / 
                               hp 
                             
                           
                           
                             746 
                              
                             
                                 
                             
                              
                             
                               Watts 
                               / 
                               hp 
                             
                           
                         
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                         = 
                           
                          
                         
                           
                             4 
                             1 
                           
                            
                           
                               
                           
                            
                           or 
                            
                           
                               
                           
                            
                           400 
                            
                           % 
                            
                           
                               
                           
                            
                           increased 
                            
                           
                               
                           
                            
                           efficiency 
                         
                       
                     
                   
                 
               
               
                 
                   EQ 
                    
                   
                       
                   
                    
                   
                     ( 
                     1 
                     ) 
                   
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
         [0039]    where, EI=Efficiency Increase, HE=High Efficiency Paradigm Output in watts per horsepower of kinetic energy input, LE=Low Efficiency Paradigm output in watts per horsepower of kinetic energy input, 
         [0040]    The gains provided by the high efficiency paradigm are confirmed by the data presented below which was obtained from computer modeling and experimental data obtained from devices as set forth, for example, in International Applications PCT PCT/IB2010/000043 entitled “Decreased Drag High Efficiency Electric Generator,” filed Jan. 12, 2009 and PCT/IB2010/001693 entitled “Decreased Drag Electric Machine with Dual Stator and Distributed High Flux Density Slot Rotor Pairs,” filed Feb. 2, 2010. 
         [0041]    Data was first taken from a 1800 watt single-phase generator operating in accordance with a generator low efficiency paradigm where 1 horsepower will produce 746 watts, by connecting the output leads to a single-phase resistive load bank and the generator being driven by a three-phase electric motor operating in accordance with a motor corollary of the low efficiency paradigm where 746 watts is required to put out 1 hp onto the shaft of the generator. In a test case, a total load of 1,146.6 watts was placed on the load bank coupled to the generator requiring 1300 watts to service. For each 1000 watts of power in the form of kinetic energy from the driver motor to the generator, 882 watts of electric power were generated. Therefore the input to output ratio was experimentally determined to be 0.882:1. 
         [0042]    An example of a high efficiency generator can be found in International Applications PCT PCT/IB2010/000043 entitled “Decreased Drag High Efficiency Electric Generator,” filed Jan. 12, 2009 and PCT/IB2010/001693 entitled “Decreased Drag Electric Machine with Dual Stator and Distributed High Flux Density Slot Rotor Pairs,” filed Feb. 2, 2010 the contents of both of which are incorporated herein by reference. Reference herein to “high efficiency generator” can include generators of the kind disclosed and described in the above applications, or other high efficiency generators such as a combination motor/generator or co-generator such as that described in International Application PCT/IB20______, entitled “High Efficiency Electric Motor/Power Cogeneration Unit,” filed ______, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
         [0043]    Data was next taken from one of the embodiments of PCT/IB2010/000043 in which the generator operates in accordance with a different paradigm such that 1 hp of kinetic energy on the shaft of the generator can yield 2,984 watts or a ratio of 4:1 over the conventional paradigm. 
         [0044]    One of the embodiments from application number PCT/IB2010/001693 —“Decreased Drag Electric Machine with Dual Stator and Distributed High Flux Density Slot Rotor Pairs” was modeled using Maxwell 2-D computer software to determine the efficiency based on analysis of kinetic energy input onto the shaft of the generator and energy output by the generator. The power output to power consumption ratio is 6.8:1. The data is presented below in Table 1. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Net Output Capacity 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Power generated 
                 kVA 
                 139.1 
               
               
                   
                 Excitation power 
                 kW 
                 1.8 
               
               
                   
                 Drive power 
                 kW 
                 13.7 
               
               
                   
                 System losses 
                 kW 
                 0.8 
               
               
                   
                 Assumed power factor 
                   
                 0.90 
               
               
                   
                 Total generator Output 
                 kVA 
                 123.0 
               
               
                   
                   
                 kWe 
                 110.7 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0045]    In accordance with table one, the ratio of power generated to power consumed is 8.6:1, while the ratio of power output to power consumed is 6.8:1. The data in Table 1 therefore show that, for a driver motor operating in accordance with one energy paradigm and a generator to which the driver motor is coupled, operating according to another, higher efficiency paradigm, that energy is not created in violation of laws of physics. Rather, the gains are associated with the fact that power generated by operating a driver motor which in accordance with a lower efficiency paradigm transmits kinetic energy through a physical driver shaft into a generator which operates in accordance with a higher efficiency paradigm, thereby expanding the amount of usable energy. 
         [0046]    While, as noted, the above gains do not violate the laws of thermodynamics, the phenomenon suggests a need for supplementary laws. For example, it might be stated that when a generator driver motor operating in accordance with a lower energy efficiency paradigm is used to drive an electric power generator through a physical and/or mechanical connection operating in accordance with a higher efficiency paradigm, or vice versa, whereby the driver motor operates in accordance with a higher efficiency paradigm than the generator, the result is an expansion in the amount of available usable energy generated by the system, due to a multiplier effect associated with the differences in efficiency between the driver and the generator. Based on the gains, the driver motor may be powered by a portion of the generated excess power through a suitable interface and the remaining output may be used for other desired purposes. The above described phenomenon requires a disparity between the efficiency of the generator and the driver motor resulting from, for example, 1) a normal efficiency drive motor and a high efficiency generator or 2) a high efficiency drive motor and a normal efficiency generator. 
         [0047]    Still further, in an example, a classic electric motor consuming 746 watts of electric energy drives a high efficiency generator outputting 3,000 watts. The net power from the generator is 2,254 watts, significantly more than the energy required to operate the drive motor. An energy-storing interface placed between the generator and the driving motor can supply the energy for the drive motor. Suitable systems for energy storage can include batteries, capacitors, and suitable non-ferrous systems can include hydraulic systems with a gas accumulator, a hydro storage/pump/turbine system, a hydrogen generator with hydrogen powered turbine or internal combustion engine and the like. While not specifically illustrated, renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, wave energy sources and the like can be used as non-ferrous sources. Interaction with an existing electric power grid can also be used. 
         [0048]    The above overview is exemplary in nature to provide a brief overview of the invention. A better understanding is provided herein below in the description that accompanies the figures. The structure and mechanism of exemplary embodiments allows the use of a high efficiency electric power generator along with a standard efficiency electric drive motor through an exemplary interface in accordance with embodiments to provide magnified electric power in a stand-alone power station. The embodiments described herein make use of an electro-mechanical efficiency gain that is shifted from the output of a high efficiency electric generator to the electro-mechanical mechanisms of the driver motor as facilitated through an exemplary interface mechanism. 
         [0049]    With reference to the figures, various exemplary processes are illustrated whereby electric power is effectively magnified, according to a multiplier effect M e  through the use of a standard electric motor, or other non-fossil driving source, driving an electric generator that performs at a higher efficiency than the electric drive motor, thereby producing an effective surplus of usable electric energy. In alternative embodiments, a standard generator can be driven by a high efficiency electric motor with a similar effect. Further, while the multiplier effect M e  is described herein as occurring between different stages, the exact point at which a multiplier effect can be seen depends, for example on the number of stages and the particular configuration. In general, a multiplier effect can be realized when the efficiency gain from use of an HE machine is fed back to operate the machine and also fed forward to drive additional HE generation stages. 
         [0050]    In an embodiment, as illustrated in  FIG. 1 , electric power is initially taken from power grid  1  in an illustrative amount of approximately 7.46 kw through electrical conduit  4 , such as a wire conductor, bus bar or the like, to drive motor  6  having an illustrative rating of 10 hp. Motor  6  is configured to drive a high-efficiency generator, such as generator  8 , through a shaft  5  to produce an illustrative 25 kw of electric power. In the example, approximately 10.08 kw of the output of generator  8  can be fed back to the power grid, while approximately 7.46 kw is fed to each of two 10 hp drive motors  10  and  12  respectively, through electrical conduit  9  and electrical conduit  7  from generator  8  constituting a net gain due to the multiplier effect M e  between the first high efficiency generation stage and the subsequent high efficiency generation stage. Electric motor  10 , in turn, drives another HE generator  11  to generate 25 kw of energy to feed back to the power grid through electrical conduit  3 . Electric motor  12  drives HE generator  13  to generate 25 kw of power to feed back to the power grid through electrical conduit  14  and electrical conduit  2 . The operation of HE generators  11  and  13  constitute a second stage of gain due to the multiplier effect M e . 
         [0051]    With reference to  FIG. 2 , an exemplary interaction between a high efficiency electric generator, such as HE generator  15 , with a hydrogen generator  23  is illustrated. In the example, a 20 hp internal combustion engine  16  can be configured to drive HE electric generator  15 , which, in turn, drives a hydrogen generator  23 , to thereby provide self-sustaining electric power through the feedback utilization of the efficiency gains. The 20 hp hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine  16  can be operated through control panel  17  and fueled by hydrogen generated by hydrogen generator  23  and contained in storage tank  22  through the hydrogen conduit line  18  into hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine  16 . The hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine  16  drives 50 kw HE generator  15  that feeds approximately 20 kw of power through electrical conduit  21  to the hydrogen generator  23 , which, in turn, supplies, for example, gaseous hydrogen, or the like, to the hydrogen storage tank  22  from which the hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen fueled internal combustion motor  16 . 
         [0052]    HE generator  15  supplies an additional 20 kw of power via electrical conduit  19  to the power grid  39  via transformer  38 . HE generator  15  supplies 7.46 kw of electric power via electrical conduit  20  to a 10 hp electric motor  28  that drives a 25 kw HE generator  29  for supplying approximately 10 kw of power to the electric power grid  39  via electrical conduit  37  and transformer  38 . HE generator  29  further supplies approximately 7.46 kw to drive motors  26  and  35 , respectively, through electrical conduits  30  and  31  constituting a net gain due to the multiplier effect M e . The 10 horsepower drive motors  26  and  35  drive 25 kw generators 32 and  34 , which, in turn, supply 25 kw of electric power via electrical conduit  33  to the electric power grid  39  via transformer  38  constituting an additional gain due to the multiplier effect M e . HE generator  34  sends 25 kw of electric power via electrical conduit  36  to the electric power grid  39  via transformer  38 . 
         [0053]    While the above described embodiments allow for the generation of additional power through diversion of a portion of the HE generator output, in alternative embodiments, storage devices can be used to store the surplus power generated as a result of gains in efficiency.  FIG. 3  illustrates the exemplary interaction of a HE electric generator, such as HE generator  46 , with a standard efficiency electric driving motor such as motor  48 , through a bank of batteries, capacitors, electrical energy storage devices, or the like, such as storage devices  50  and  51 . In the present example, electric motor  48  can be a 10 hp three-phase standard induction motor driving a 25 kw HE generator  46  through shaft  45 . HE generator  46  supplies 10.08 kw through electrical conduit  52  to a full wave bridge rectifier  49 . The direct current energy output from the full wave rectifier is then stored in storage devices  50  and  51 , which output stored power, or a combination of stored power and converted power, depending on demand level, through electrical conduit  54  to a variable frequency drive  49   a  which can convert the stored DC power to AC power that drives a 10 hp motor  48  through electrical conduit  53 . HE generator  46  outputs about 7.46 kw of power to 10 hp motors  43  and  56  through electrical conduit  47  and  55  respectively. Two 10 hp motors  43  and  56  drive HE generators  44  and  58  which each put out 25 kw through electrical conduit  42  and  57  respectively to the electric power grid or for use at the point of generation constituting a stage of gain due to the, multiplier effect M e . 
         [0054]    While in the above described embodiments, batteries, capacitors can be used as storage devices, other storage devices can be used.  FIG. 4  illustrates an exemplary interface between a HE electric generator, such as HE generator  65 , a standard efficiency electric drive motor, a hydraulic system and a nitrogen accumulator, which serves as a short term stored energy supply. HE generator  65 , which is a three-phase 150 kw electric generator, can output 100 kw of power through phase legs  59 ,  60  and  61  to a load point or can be fed to the electric power grid. The remaining power can be fed back and used both in variable frequency drive  70   a  and rectifier  86  to facilitate generation as will be described in greater detail hereinafter constituting stages of gain due to the multiplier effect M e . 
         [0055]    It will be noted that generator  65  is driven by hydraulic motor  62  that receives hydraulic power, in the form of pressurized hydraulic fluid supplied through hydraulic conduit  64  from, for example, a hydraulic storage and pressure tank  74  which contains a nitrogen accumulator  74   a . The nitrogen accumulator is pressured by pressure pump  79  which is driven by DC motor  80  to supply pressurized nitrogen gas to the pressure tank  74  through gas conduit  76 . In response to sensed pressure levels in the nitrogen accumulator  74   a , DC power lines  81  and  82  of a motor power supply circuit can be open and closed by nitrogen accumulator  74   a  pressure switch  75  through electrical conduit  77 . DC motor  80  is powered from battery  84 , for example, when the power lines  81  and  82  are switched on. Battery  84  can be charged via leads  78  and  85  from full wave bridge rectifier  86  which is powered from phase leg #L 1  through electrical conduit  67  and neutral  66 . Hydraulic pressure tank  74  can be charged by pressurized hydraulic fluid entering through the hydraulic conduit  73  and pressurized by mechanical pressure pump  72 , which receives return hydraulic fluid from hydraulic motor  62  through hydraulic conduit  63 . Mechanical pressure pump  72  can be driven by variable speed electric motor  71 , which is powered through variable frequency drive  70   a  with 20 kw of three-phase power conducted from HE generator  65  through three phase electrical conduits  68 ,  69  and  70 . 
         [0056]    In an embodiment, a hydro-powered system can be used to drive a HE generator.  FIG. 5  illustrates an interface of a HE generator with a standard efficiency electric driving motor powered through a hydro storage system including a water pump, a water storage reservoir, and gravity flow through a generator turbine system. Water tower storage tank  100  can provide water to turbine  101  that flows, for example, under gravitational pressure. Turbine  101  can drive a 25 kw HE generator  102  which feeds 17.54 kw of three-phase power back to water pump  105  for pumping wastewater that has passed through turbine  101 , from receiving reservoir  106  back to the water tower reservoir  100  through water conduit  99 . HE generator  102  can also send the remainder of its output power, or 7.46 kw of electric power to 10 hp motor  107  through electrical conduit  103 . Electric motor  107  drives generator  108 , which generates 25 kw of electric power to the power grid  87  through electrical conduit  109  constituting a stage of gain due to the multiplier effect M e . 
         [0057]    It will be appreciated that by supplying an illustrative 25 kw to the power grid  87 , at a cost of a self sustaining 7.46 kw, the hydro power configuration can perpetuate additional self sustaining electric systems due to the combined multiplier effects M e  associated with various efficiency gain stages. For example, considering the 25 kw input to power grid  87  from HE generator  108 , electric 10 hp motor  93  takes 7.46 kw of power from the power grid  87  through electrical conduit  90  to power a 25 kw HE generator  92  constituting a gain stage. A resulting output of 10.08 kw of power is supplied back to the power grid  87  through electrical conduit  91 . HE generator  92  also supplies 7.46 kw of electric power to electric motor  96  and 7.46 kw of electric power to electric motor  110  respectively, through electrical conduits  94  and  95 . Electric motors  96  and  110  are configured to drive 25 kw HE generator  97  and 25 kw HE generator  98  constituting additional gain stages. The power output of HE generators  97  and  98  is transmitted to the power grid  87  through electrical conduits  88  and  89 . 
         [0058]    While embodiments have been described and illustrated, it will be understood by those skilled in the technology concerned that many variations or modifications in details of design or construction may be made without departing from the present invention. For example, while standard motors are described herein as powering HE generators, in an alternative embodiment, a standard efficiency electric generator can be driven with a HE electric motor and thereby produce a net increased in electric power output due to the efficiency gains of the HE configuration as described, for example, in International Applications PCT PCT/IB2010/000043, PCT/IB2010/001693 and PCT/IB20______ noted above, without departure from the inventive gist. Further, while several non-fossil fuel drive systems are described, such as motor drive systems, hydrogen drive systems, hydro powered systems, hydraulic/electric systems, or the like, other non-fossil fuel systems are possible such as, renewable sources such as but not limited to solar systems, wind driven systems, wave driven systems or the like as will be appreciated by one of skill in the art.