Abstract:
A system, method and computer program product for visualization of search results includes a map displayed to a user on a screen. The map shows search query terms and optionally other terms related to the search query terms. The display of the terms corresponds to relationship between the terms. A graphical image is displayed next to at least one of the search query terms. The graphical image is associated with a URL that corresponds to a search result. The graphical image is a favorite icon that is derived from the HTML script associated with a webpage at the URL, or an animated image, or a video, or a cycling GIF. A plurality of graphical images can be displayed in proximity to the search query term. The graphical image can be a logo or a paid advertisement. A plurality of graphical images are offered for sale in association with the query search term, and a size and/or placement of each graphical image corresponds to a price paid by each purchaser, or multiple images can be displayed at the same location on the screen, and a duration of display of each graphical image corresponds to a price paid by each purchaser.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/234,751, filed on 22 Sep. 2008, entitled SEARCH ENGINE GRAPHICAL INTERFACE USING MAPS OF SEARCH TERMS AND IMAGES, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/937,630, filed on Nov. 9, 2007 (now U.S. Pat. No. 7,437,370), entitled SEARCH ENGINE GRAPHICAL INTERFACE USING MAPS AND IMAGES (now U.S. Pat. No. 7,437,370), which is a non-provisional of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/890,507, filed Feb. 19, 2007, entitled SEARCH ENGINE GRAPHICAL INTERFACE USING MAPS AND IMAGES, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to techniques for visualization of search engine output as a means for assisting the user in selecting relevant search results, and to a graphical user interface for displaying search results of search engines. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     The World Wide Web (“web”) contains a vast amount of information. Locating a desired portion of the information, however, can be challenging. This problem is compounded because the amount of information on the web and the number of new users inexperienced at web searching are growing rapidly. 
     Search engines attempt to return hyperlinks that point to web pages in which a user is interested. Generally, search engines base their determination of the user&#39;s interest on search terms (called a “search query”) entered by the user. The goal of the search engine is to provide links, based on the search query, to high quality, relevant results to the user. Typically, a conventional search engine accomplishes this by matching the terms in the search query to a set of pre-stored web pages. Web pages that contain the user&#39;s search terms are “hits” and are returned to the user. 
     To build complex queries, a query language can be used. Almost every search engine uses such a language, and with the help of logical (Boolean) operations, a user can point out the words that need to be present (or absent) in the required document, show how far apart they can be from each other, enumerate synonyms, and identify possible unwanted words in the required document. Unfortunately that language requires special knowledge, and a change in the usual approach of most lay users, which makes the language practically inaccessible for most users. Therefore, all search engines use an extra page, hidden “behind” the main search page. 
     Conventional search engines also use the standard concept of a command line to type in a query, and return a number of hyperlinks as the search result. 
     One of the problems in modern search engine development is being able to present information to the user in the most intuitive manner. Currently, conventional systems, in response to a user query, display a list of links to websites that the search engine considers relevant in some sense. Generally, the ordering of the links in the display is indicative of greater or lesser relevance of the particular search result, based on some algorithm utilized by the search engine to assess the relevance of a particular webpage. Also, conventional search engines can display small excerpts from the text on the websites, typically the text that is found close to the query terms. This assists the user in quickly estimating whether the text (and, presumably, the entire website to which the hyperlink points) is more or less relevant to the search results he is seeking. 
     One difficulty with this approach is the considerable burden placed on the user in having to read what may be a significant amount of text—in other words, placing an obstacle between the results that the user is seeking, and the amount of mental effort needed to sort through the results provided by the search engine. Even in the case where the most relevant search result is close to the top of the ranking, nonetheless, some effort and time by the user is necessary, if only to “digest” the text of the annotations provided by the search engine. 
     Recently, some search engines (e.g., Yandex) have begun placing small graphical elements next to each search result. This is possible because the latest versions of the browsers now support displays of what is called “favorite icons,” which is a small graphical image displayed next to the address when the website is accessed. For example, when accessing Google, a graphical “G” appears to the left of the URL. The format of these “favorite icons” is standardized, and increasingly, more and more websites provide for such favorite icons, as yet another mechanism for displaying brand information to the user. It should be noted, of course, that not all search engine websites have such favorite icons, nonetheless, the practice is becoming increasingly prevalent, particularly for websites operated by commercial enterprises. 
     Nevertheless, the problem of displaying search results in a manner that is intuitive and easy for the user to navigate remains. The overriding goal of a search engine is to return the most desirable set of links for any particular search query. Accordingly, there is a need in the art for an effective and efficient system and method for presenting search results and search context as an aid to context-based searching. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Accordingly, the present invention is related to a system and method for using graphical maps and images as a user interface for presenting search engine output results that substantially obviates one or more of the disadvantages of the related art. 
     In one aspect, there is provided a system, method and computer program product for visualization of search results including (a) a map displayed to a user on a screen, the map showing search query terms and optionally other terms related to the search query terms, wherein a location of the terms relative to each other corresponds to contextual relationship between the terms; and (b) at least one graphical image displayed next to at least one of the search query terms. The graphical image is associated with a URL that corresponds to a search result. 
     The graphical image can be a favorite icon that can be derived from the HTML script associated with a webpage at the URL, or an animated image, or a video, or a cycling GIF, or a logo, or a flash video, or a paid advertisement. The video can be played upon a user selecting a thumbnail of the video, or can be autostarted upon download of the webpage displaying the map. A plurality of graphical images can be displayed in proximity to the search query term. 
     A plurality of graphical images can be offered for sale in association with the query search term, and wherein a size of each graphical image corresponds to a price paid by each purchaser. A plurality of graphical images are offered for sale in association with the query search term and displayed at the same location on the screen, and wherein a duration of display of each graphical image corresponds to a price paid by each purchaser. A portion of the displayed screen showing search result hyperlinks and associated annotations. The graphical image can be a thumbnail of an image from a webpage at the URL. The map can be displayed as a three-dimensional entity with the graphical images shown in proximity to the search terms. 
     Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description that follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings. 
     It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ATTACHED FIGURES 
       The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. 
       In the drawings: 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a two-dimensional interpretation map of search results using favorite icons. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates use of logos in the map. 
         FIG. 3  illustrates use of advertisements in the map. 
         FIG. 4  illustrates an exemplary computer system on which the invention may be implemented. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. 
     Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a system and method for using graphics to visualize search engine results that obviate one or more of the disadvantages of the related art. 
     The present invention is generally directed to the use of graphical symbols, images, animation, and various other forms of presenting graphical information, in the context of displaying search results. In particular, the present invention is directed to the use of a search results map, as illustrated in  FIG. 1 , which is shown to the user in response to the user&#39;s query. The use of such maps is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/468,692, Filed: Aug. 30, 2006, entitled: CONTEXT-BASED SEARCH VISUALIZATION AND CONTEXT MANAGEMENT USING NEURAL NETWORKS, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     The search results are displayed in what may be called a dual form—part of the screen is devoted to a map, on which the search terms are shown (generally, the search terms are emphasized or highlighted on a screen in some fashion, for example, by using color, e.g., red for the term actually used by the user in constructing the search query, by using bold font, by using larger font sizes, etc.), and other words shown on the map are generated by, for example, a neural network, and are generally “connected” or “related” in some fashion to the query terms that the user has inputted into the search engine, as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/468,692. 
     Another portion of the display is dedicated to the hyperlinks to the found web pages and websites, and the annotations associated with those search results. Generally, the results that are considered the most relevant are displayed at the top, as the user would expect. 
     In addition to the graphical user interface in the form of a map, the present invention utilizes graphical images next to the search terms, where the images are associated with the website identified by the search engine. For example, consider the display of the search results in  FIG. 1 , where the search terms are “jaguar” and “car”, resulting in the identified search results shown on the right of the page, and the map shown on the left. Note the small image next to the word “jaguar,” which is the favorite icon for the website for Jaguar (the car company), and is “pulled off” the HTML script for the page at http***//www***jaguar***com/global/default***htm (i.e., one of the pages identified by the search engine as highly relevant to the query). By clicking on the graphical image next to the word “jaguar” in the map, the user is automatically taken to the website at http***//www***jaguar***com/global/default***htm, same as he would have been, were he to click to the search result on the right, where the search results are displayed in hyperlink form. Thus, this simplifies, for the user, the process of actually reaching the website that he is seeking (assuming, of course, that, in this case, Jaguar the car company is what he was looking for). 
     Thus, in a broad sense, the discussion herein is related to the use of graphical images, in conjunction with a map-like display, that are used for managing the context of search queries for search engines. It should be noted that one source of such graphical images is the favorite icons that are provided with the HTML script for many web pages. If the web page does not provide such a favorite icon, a generic icon can be used in its place. 
     Furthermore, although providing favorite icons in the form of small pictures is one way to display such information, the graphical image next to the word (in this case, “jaguar”) can be a more complex graphic—for example, it can be an animated graphic, such as animated GIFs, it can be a video or other animation, flash, etc. Most browsers support displays of cycling or animated GIFs, though not all current browsers support full video. The video player can be launched in the background, if necessary (for example, a lightweight version of Media Player). The video can be played in response to the user clicking on the thumbnail, or can be auto-launched once the page is downloaded (or the user can optionally have a setting to auto-launch the videos, or not). 
     As yet another option, the map can be a three-dimensional “topographic” map, displayed on a screen as if viewed at an angle downward, such that the different search terms and graphical elements can be located at various “coordinates” in three degrees of freedom (X, Y, Z), with the user being able to drag-and-rotate the map using a mouse, and with the relative distance between the elements and their height corresponding to relevance and interrelationships to each other. Similarly, the search terms and the graphical elements can be three-dimensional as well (e.g., showing a small three-dimensional “thumbnail” of Jaguar the car that rotates when the map is dragged to be rotated) 
     The content of such images or video can be commercial images that are identified with a particular word (for example, trademarks, logos, etc.—see FIG.  2 ), or they may be simply pictures of the items (for example, next to the word “computer,” a picture of a computer, or, if the search engine determines that the jaguar in which the user is interested is actually the animal, and not the car, a small picture of the animal jaguar may be displayed next to the word “jaguar”). 
     It will also be appreciated that where the search engine determines that there are several possible results (and therefore several possible images) that needs to be displayed next to the word (for example, where the search query is structured in such a way that it is difficult to determine that jaguar the car is substantially more likely what the user is looking for, compared to jaguar the animal), then more than one such image may be displayed next to the query term, and by clicking on each such image, the user can then be taken to the relevant website. 
     It will also be appreciated that by displaying the information in a more graphical format, such as by using images as discussed above, the need for displaying of the actual links and the annotations to the web pages, as shown in  FIG. 1 , becomes less pronounced. Thus, it is expected that by using the present invention, the amount of “screen real estate” that needs to be allocated to such listings of results will be smaller, and, in some cases (for example, if the user selects an appropriate setting), can be avoided altogether. 
     Alternatively, the amount of annotations associated with each found result may be reduced, particularly where the image is determined, in some fashion, to be as informative as the annotation. This, of course, is obviously subject-dependent and context dependent, nevertheless, this presents an opportunity to reduce the amount of clutter on the screen, and reduce the amount of reading that the user needs to do, in order to “get to” the result that he is ultimately interested in. 
     It will also be appreciated that the placement and use of such images by search engines can be a source of revenue for the search engines. For example, the seller of a particular product or service may choose to purchase the right to have his trademark or logo placed next to a particular word. In some cases, several buyers may be interested in “purchasing” the same word (but each with his own image—see  FIG. 3 , where images relating to car rental are shown, presumably purchased by different car rental companies). In this case, several such images can be displayed next to, or around, the word at issue. Alternatively, only a single image, in the form of an animated or cycling GIF can be displayed, with two or more such images (e.g., logos of different car rental companies) being displayed sequentially to the user. Furthermore, where one such buyer is willing to pay more than another buyer, the duration of the display for buyer  1  in the cycling GIF may be longer than the duration of the display of the cycling GIF for buyer  2 . As yet another alternative, depending on how much a buyer is willing to pay, the size of the image can vary, with higher price being paid for larger images. 
     With reference to  FIG. 4 , an exemplary computer system, where the invention can be implemented, includes a general purpose computing device in the form of a user-side computer and/or server-side computer  20  or the like, including a processing unit  21 , a system memory  22 , and a system bus  23  that couples various system components including the system memory to the processing unit  21 . The system bus  23  may be any of several types of bus structures including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. 
     The system memory includes read-only memory (ROM)  24  and random access memory (RAM)  25 . A basic input/output system  26  (BIOS), containing the basic routines that help to transfer information between elements within the computer  20 , such as during start-up, is stored in ROM  24 . The computer  20  may further include a hard disk drive  27  for reading from and writing to a hard disk, not shown, a magnetic disk drive  28  for reading from or writing to a removable magnetic disk  29 , and an optical disk drive  30  for reading from or writing to a removable optical disk  31  such as a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM or other optical media. 
     The hard disk drive  27 , magnetic disk drive  28 , and optical disk drive  30  are connected to the system bus  23  by a hard disk drive interface  32 , a magnetic disk drive interface  33 , and an optical drive interface  34 , respectively. The drives and their associated computer-readable media provide non-volatile storage of computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules and other data for the computer  20 . Although the exemplary environment described herein employs a hard disk, a removable magnetic disk  29  and a removable optical disk  31 , it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other types of computer readable media that can store data that is accessible by a computer, such as magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, digital video disks, Bernoulli cartridges, random access memories (RAMs), read-only memories (ROMs) and the like may also be used in the exemplary operating environment. 
     A number of program modules may be stored on the hard disk, magnetic disk  29 , optical disk  31 , ROM  24  or RAM  25 , including an operating system  35  (e.g., Windows™ 2000). The computer  20  includes a file system  36  associated with or included within the operating system  35 , such as the Windows NT™ File System (NTFS), one or more application programs  37 , other program modules  38  and program data  39 . A user may enter commands and information into the computer  20  through input devices such as a keyboard  40  and pointing device  42 . Other input devices (not shown) may include a microphone, joystick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner or the like. 
     These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit  21  through a serial port interface  46  that is coupled to the system bus, but may be connected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, game port or universal serial bus (USB). A monitor  47  or other type of display device is also connected to the system bus  23  via an interface, such as a video adapter  48 . In addition to the monitor  47 , computers typically include other peripheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers and printers. 
     When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer  20  is connected to the local network  51  through a network interface or adapter  53 . When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer  20  typically includes a modem  54  or other means for establishing communications over the wide area network  52 , such as the Internet. The modem  54 , which may be internal or external, is connected to the system bus  23  via the serial port interface  46 . In a networked environment, program modules depicted relative to the computer  20 , or portions thereof, may be stored in the remote memory storage device. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary and other means of establishing a communications link between the computers may be used. 
     Having thus described a preferred embodiment of a system and method, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that certain advantages of the described method and apparatus have been achieved. In particular, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that system and method described in the preferred embodiment provides efficient support for hardware virtualization. It should also be appreciated that various modifications, adaptations, and alternative embodiments thereof may be made within the scope and spirit of the present invention. The invention is further defined by the following claims.