Abstract:
A new mechanism of an open-end adjustable spanner includes right latch, left latch, return spring, and control containing hairpin springs and serrated bit respectively installed by deck into an accommodation trough of a handle to create a torque transmission structure to turn a ratchet by gearing to permit easy alignment of the ratchet at the bolt or nut and avoid falling off before and after tightening or loosening up the bolt or nut; and allow efforts-saving and convenient torque application in clamping head of a bolt or nut by selecting a proper specification of the configuration of the open end of the ratchet.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]     (a) Technical Field of the Invention  
         [0002]     The present invention is related to a new construction of an open end adjustable spanner, and more particularly to one secures positioning to clamp the head of a bolt or nut for easy application of torque force and allows solid holding of and easy alignment at the bolt or nut to be tightened or loosen up.  
         [0003]     (b) Description of the Prior Art  
         [0004]     An open-end adjustable spanner is one of the common hand tools either at home or in a factory. According to the survey, the ordinary open-end spanner is the most popular hand tool. However, it is the least handy and economic tool since its working angle is limited within 15 degrees of travel. Another type of single acting adjustable spanner though operating on single latch and ratchet to execute a local transmission by the circumference of the serrated section of the ratchet, normal transmission of force is prevented at the gap of the circumference of the ratchet. Accordingly, for failing the continuous operation, the single acting adjustable spanner is deemed as poor and invalid in terms of its performance. Another type yet of an adjustable spanner has on both sides of the gap of the ratchet respectively adapted with a latch to constitute a leverage engagement so that the force applied to either or both of the latches execute the transmission of gearing progression to continuously transmit multiplied force. Consequent, the adjustable spanner with two latches provided, fast, handy and efforts-saving operation. However, the width of the opening of the adjustable spanner with two latches is usually fixed. Therefore, in clamping bolt or nut in various sizes, frequent exchange of spanner is required and becomes annoying. Furthermore, since the orientation of the opening is fixed, it makes the clamping awkward, that is, difficult to align at the work piece, particularly so true when operating within a very limited space.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0005]     The primary purpose of the present invention is to provide an innovative open-end adjustable spanner mechanism that allows easy alignment at the bolt or nut and avoids the spanner to fall off the bolt or nut before and after applying force to tighten or loosen it. To achieve the purpose, essentially by having two latches, a return spring, a control containing a pair of hairpin spring and a serrated bit respectively installed by deck into an accommodation trough at the head of the spanner for producing another type of transmission by gearing to turn the ratchet. Furthermore, selection of a configuration of the opening of the ratchet is permitted depending on the specific size of the bolt or nut to provide handy and efforts-saving application for torque in turning the spanner.  
         [0006]     Another purpose of the present invention is to provide an innovative open-end adjustable spanner mechanism that promotes the handy and general use of the spanner by reducing the exchange frequent of the spanner in coping with work pieces of different sizes. To achieve the purpose, the opening section of the ratchet of the present invention is directly provided with multiple specifications to clamp the bolt or nut.  
         [0007]     Yet another purpose of the present invention is to provide an innovative open-end adjustable spanner mechanism with benefits of diversified specification. To achieve the purpose, the handle of the present invention may be made in a single or double box accommodation trough adapted with the same number of ratchet and components depending on the form of design.  
         [0008]     Yet another purpose of the present invention is to provide an innovative open-end adjustable spanner mechanism that easily completes turning of the work piece simply by holding the handle and using the thumb of the same hand to achieve fast and handy operation.  
         [0009]     The foregoing object and summary provide only a brief introduction to the present invention. To fully appreciate these and other objects of the present invention as well as the invention itself, all of which will become apparent to those skilled in the art, the following detailed description of the invention and the claims should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Throughout the specification and drawings identical reference numerals refer to identical or similar parts.  
         [0010]     Many other advantages and features of the present invention will become manifest to those versed in the art upon making reference to the detailed description and the accompanying sheets of drawings in which a preferred structural embodiment incorporating the principles of the present invention is shown by way of illustrative example.  
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0011]      FIG. 1  is an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0012]      FIG. 2  is a schematic view showing the assembly of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0013]      FIG. 3  is a view showing the arrangement of the lower deck of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0014]      FIG. 4  is a view showing the arrangement of the lower deck of another preferred embodiment yet of the present invention.  
         [0015]      FIG. 5  is a schematic view showing that the present invention is in use with a handle screwed to an upper case.  
         [0016]      FIG. 6  is a schematic view showing another type of construction of the present invention.  
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0017]     The following descriptions are of exemplary embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability or configuration of the invention in any way. Rather, the following description provides a convenient illustration for implementing exemplary embodiments of the invention. Various changes to the described embodiments may be made in the function and arrangement of the elements described without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.  
         [0018]     Referring to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is essentially comprised of a spanner body  2 , an open-end ratchet  3 , a right latch  4 , a return spring S, a left latch  5 , a spacer  6 , a control  7 , a serrated bit  8 , a larger hairpin spring S 1 , a smaller hairpin spring S 2 , an upper lid  9  and associate screws or pins. Wherein, the spanner body  2  includes a handle  21  extending from a single or combination box spanner and an accommodation trough  22  divided into a head  23  comprised of an upper deck  221  and a lower deck  222 , and the outer edge of the head  23  is formed an arc raised or recessed channel  24  to merely lock into a recessed or raised slot  31  provided on the bottom of the ratchet  3 . Two opening sections  32  and  33  at different width are formed in the open-end ratchet  3 , and a recessed or raised channel  34  to lock to the upper lid  9  is disposed on the top of the open-end ratchet  3 . The open-end ratchet  3  when assembled is arranged to engage both serrated portions  41 ,  51  of the left and the right latches  5 ,  4  disposed in the lower deck  222  of the accommodation trough  22  in such way both of the left and the right latches  5 ,  4  are held against by the tension produced from the return spring S (as illustrated in  FIG. 3  to be available for external connection to a socket wrench or any other tool). The spacer  6  with its contour compromising that of the accommodation trough  22  to cover and compress the top of the left and the right latches  5 ,  4  to define segregation between the upper and the lower decks  221  and  222 . A push  71  of the control  7  provided on the upper deck  221  executes the control by traveling. A gap  72  on the bottom of the control  7  contains the smaller hairpin spring S 2  and the serrated bit  8 . The smaller hairpin spring S 2  forces the serrated bit  8  to engage with the open-end ratchet  3  and the larger hairpin S 1  forces the control  7  to deflect to the right of the accommodation trough  22  (as illustrated in  FIG. 4  to be available for external connection to any other tool with long handle or wrench of any hand tool in conjunction with a round box). The upper lid  9  is used to lock the ratchet  3  to the spanner body  2  to complete the assembly and positioning of the exposed push  71  of the control  7  as illustrated in  FIGS. 2 and 4 . Wherein, the arc raised or recessed slot of the upper lid  9  and its raised or recessed edge  91  must be locked to the recessed or raised slot  34  of the ratchet  3  and the contour of the accommodation trough  22 .  
         [0019]     In use, a user holds the spanner body  2  and operates either the smaller opening section  32  or the larger opening section  33  in the open-end ratchet  3 . The force externally applied is transmitted from the spanner body  2  through the left and the right latches  5 ,  4  for both of the serrated portions  51 ,  41  of the left and the right latches  5 ,  4  to simultaneously or separately engage with the open-end ratchet  3  so to drive the ratchet  3  to rotate and travel for tightening up a bolt or a nut A. When the spanner body  2  travels counterclockwise, both of the serrated portions  51 ,  41  are cleared away fro the ratchet  3  due to both ends each of the left and the right latches  5 ,  4  are plunged by the tension from the return spring S due to the absence of a constant support. Consequently, travel by bounced gearing occurs for the external force applied to transmit by either of both latches  5 ,  4  to execute travel by gearing. In the present invention, the control  7  is pushed to produce another type of force transmission mechanism to dive the open-end ratchet  3  to revolve and travel while displacing the locations of both opening sections  32 ,  33  as illustrated in  FIG. 5 . While permitting to align the open-end ratchet  3  at where the bolt or the nut A is located before and after fixing the bolt or nut A to facilitate the clamping of the bolt or nut A, the present invention allows the force externally applied to the spanner body  2  to be transmitted via both of the left and the right latches  5 ,  4  to drive the open-end ratchet  3  to revolve, thus to tighten or loosen up the bolt or nut A for solving the problem of being difficult to clear the latches away from a ratchet after the application of the external force as observed with the structure of multiple latches of the prior art. The serrated section in the ratchet  3  of the present invention may be designed with any form including both of the serrated sections  32 ,  33  in different width, or in the same width, hexagon, octagon, dodecagon, or box-end, etc. to adapt to easy exchange depending on the shape of the work piece.  
         [0020]     Furthermore, as illustrated in  FIG. 6  when the present invention is applied to an L shaped spanner body  2 B with a long handle, a long member  25  adapted with a retaining spring S 3  having one end of the long member  25  pivoted and secured to the control  7  and the other end secured to an adjustment slide  26  so to achieve the same purpose simply by pushing the adjustment slide  26 .  
         [0021]     It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or two or more together may also find a useful application in other types of methods differing from the type described above.  
         [0022]     While certain novel features of this invention have been shown and described and are pointed out in the annexed claim, it is not intended to be limited to the details above, since it will be understood that various omissions, modifications, substitutions and changes in the forms and details of the device illustrated and in its operation can be made by those skilled in the art without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention.