Abstract:
A vehicular resin back door includes: an inner panel made of resin, the inner panel including: a front edge portion that extends in a vehicle width direction, and right and left edge portions that extend in a vehicle body front-rear direction, the front, right and left edge portions configuring an opening. The vehicular resin back door also includes: (i) a front portion outer panel that extends in the vehicle width direction and is attached to the front edge portion to form a first chamber; (ii) right and left side portion outer panels that extend in the vehicle body front-rear direction and are respectively attached to the right and left edge portions to form second chambers; and (iii) front joint portions at which vehicle width direction outside end portions of the front portion outer panel and front end portions of the side portion outer panels overlap and are joined together.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application claims priority under 35 USC 119 from Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-260952 filed on Dec. 24, 2014, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    1. Technical Field 
         [0003]    Preferred embodiments relate to a vehicular resin back door. 
         [0004]    2. Related Art 
         [0005]    Conventionally, a back door (vehicle rear hatch) comprising an upper portion, right and left side portions, and a bottom portion has been known. The upper portion is disposed such that its lengthwise direction coincides with a vehicle width direction. The right and left side portions are disposed such that their lengthwise direction coincides with a vehicle body up-down direction. The bottom portion is disposed below lower end portions of the right and left side portions. The upper portion, the right and left side portions, and the bottom portion are configured as a result of an inner panel made of resin and an outer panel made of resin being overlaid on one another in such a way that a hollow region (an internal chamber) is formed between them. A right and left pair of reinforcements made of steel plates that straddle the upper portion, the side portions, and the bottom portion are disposed in the hollow region (e.g., see Japanese Patent Application Laid-open (JP-A) No. 2010-100227). 
         [0006]    However, the structure that improves the torsional rigidity of the corner portions between the side portions and the front portion or the bottom portion of a back door made of resin still has room for improvement. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0007]    Preferred embodiments provide a vehicular resin back door in which the torsional rigidity of corner portions of the vehicular resin back door is improved. 
         [0008]    A vehicular resin back door of a first aspect of the disclosure includes: an inner panel made of resin, the inner panel including: a front edge portion that extends in a vehicle width direction, and right and left edge portions that extend in a vehicle body front-rear direction, the front, right and left edge portions configuring an open portion (defining an opening). The vehicular resin back door also includes (i) a front portion outer panel that extends in the vehicle width direction and is attached to the front edge portion of the inner panel to form a first chamber; (ii) a right side portion outer panel and a left side portion outer panel that each extend in the vehicle body front-rear direction and are respectively attached to the right and left edge portions of the inner panel to form second chambers; and front joint portions at which vehicle width direction outside end portions of the front portion outer panel and front end portions of the side portion outer panels overlap and are joined to one another. 
         [0009]    According to the first aspect, the vehicle width direction outside end portions of the front portion outer panel that configures a first chamber with the front edge portion of the inner panel, and the front end portions of the right and left side portion outer panels that configure second chambers respectively with the right and left edge portions of the inner panel are overlaid on (i.e., they overlap each other) and are joined to one another. In other words, the front joint portions at which the front portion outer panel and the side portion outer panels are overlaid on and joined to one another are formed at the corner portions between the front portion and the side portions. Consequently, the torsional rigidity of the corner portions on the front portion side of the vehicular resin back door is improved. 
         [0010]    Furthermore, a vehicular resin back door of a second aspect of the disclosure includes the first aspect, wherein the vehicle width direction outside end portions of the front portion outer panel are curved toward a vehicle body rear side as seen in a plan view and are overlaid (overlap) from a vehicle body upper side, and are joined to, the front end portions of the side portion outer panels. 
         [0011]    According to the second aspect, the vehicle width direction outside end portions of the front portion outer panel that are curved toward the vehicle body rear side as seen in a plan view are overlaid (overlap) from the vehicle body upper side, and are joined to, the front end portions of the side portion outer panels. Consequently, the waterproofness of the outer panel of the vehicular resin back door is improved. 
         [0012]    Furthermore, a vehicular resin back door of a third aspect of the disclosure includes the second aspect, wherein end surfaces of the vehicle width direction outside end portions of the front portion outer panel lie along (extend along) the vehicle width direction. 
         [0013]    According to the third aspect, the end surfaces of the vehicle width direction outside end portions of the front portion outer panel lie (extend) along the vehicle width direction. Consequently, the waterproofness of the outer panel of the vehicular resin back door is further improved. 
         [0014]    Furthermore, a vehicular resin back door of a fourth aspect of the disclosure includes the first aspect, wherein the inner panel includes: a rear edge portion that extends in the vehicle width direction and configures (forms) the open portion (the opening) with the front, right and left edge portions, and a bottom portion that is integrally disposed at the vehicle body lower side of the rear edge portion. In addition, the vehicular resin back door further comprises: a rear portion outer panel that is attached to the bottom portion of the inner panel to form a third chamber, and rear joint portions at which vehicle width direction outside upper end portions of the rear portion outer panel and rear end portions of the side portion outer panels are overlaid on (overlap each other) and joined to one another at vehicle width direction outside end portions of the rear edge portion. 
         [0015]    According to the fourth aspect, the vehicle width direction outside upper end portions of the rear portion outer panel and the rear end portions of the side portion outer panels are overlaid on (overlap) and joined to one another at the vehicle width direction outside end portions of the rear edge portion. In other words, the rear joint portions at which the side portion outer panels and the rear portion outer panel are overlaid on (overlap) and joined to one another are formed at the corner portions between the side portions and the rear portion. Consequently, the torsional rigidity of the corner portions on the rear portion side of the vehicular resin back door is improved. 
         [0016]    Furthermore, a vehicular resin back door of a fifth aspect of the disclosure includes the fourth aspect, wherein the rear end portions of the side portion outer panels are overlaid (overlap) from the vehicle body upper side, and are joined to, the vehicle width direction outside upper end portions of the rear portion outer panel. 
         [0017]    According to the fifth aspect, the rear end portions of the side portion outer panels are overlaid (overlap) from the vehicle body upper side, and are joined to, the vehicle width direction outside upper end portions of the rear portion outer panel. Consequently, the waterproofness of the outer panel of the vehicular resin back door is improved. 
         [0018]    Furthermore, a vehicular resin back door of a sixth aspect of the disclosure includes the fifth aspect, wherein end surfaces of the rear end portions of the side portion outer panels lie (extend) along the vehicle width direction. 
         [0019]    According to the sixth aspect, the end surfaces of the rear end portions of the side portion outer panels lie (extend) along the vehicle width direction. Consequently, the waterproofness of the outer panel of the vehicular resin back door is further improved. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0020]    An exemplary embodiment will be described in detail based on the following figures, wherein: 
           [0021]      FIG. 1  is a partial exploded perspective view of a back door panel that configures a vehicular resin back door pertaining to one embodiment; 
           [0022]      FIG. 2  is a perspective view showing the back door panel and a back window upper glass that configure the vehicular resin back door pertaining to the  FIG. 1  embodiment; 
           [0023]      FIG. 3  is an enlarged plan view showing a corner portion on a front portion side of the back door panel that configures the vehicular resin back door pertaining to the  FIG. 1  embodiment; 
           [0024]      FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view, as seen from line X-X of  FIG. 2 , of the vehicular resin back door pertaining to the  FIG. 1  embodiment; 
           [0025]      FIG. 5  is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of  FIG. 4 ; 
           [0026]      FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional view, as seen from line Y-Y of  FIG. 2 , of the vehicular resin back door pertaining to the  FIG. 1  embodiment; 
           [0027]      FIG. 7A  is a perspective view showing a front portion side of a vehicular resin back door pertaining to a comparative example; and 
           [0028]      FIG. 7B  is an enlarged perspective view showing, by way of a cross section, part of  FIG. 7A . 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0029]    A preferred embodiment will be described in detail below on the basis of the drawings. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, arrow UP appropriately shown in the drawings indicates a vehicle body upward direction, arrow FR indicates a vehicle body frontward direction, and arrow OUT indicates an outward direction in a vehicle width direction. Furthermore, when the directions of up and down, front and rear, and right and left are used without further specification in the following description, these will be understood to mean up and down in a vehicle body up-down direction, front and rear in a vehicle body front-rear direction, and right and left in a vehicle body right and left direction (vehicle width direction). 
         [0030]    As shown in  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 , a resin back door  10  disposed at a rear portion of a vehicle body not shown in the drawings is configured to include a back door panel  12 , a back window upper glass  18  that is disposed in such a way as to close an open portion (opening)  12 A formed at an upper portion (front portion) of the back door panel  12 , and a back window lower glass (not shown in the drawings) that is disposed in such a way as to close an open portion (opening)  12 B formed at a lower portion (rear portion) of the back door panel  12 . 
         [0031]    It should be noted that the back door panel  12  is bent in a substantial inverted “L” shape as seen in a side view seen from the vehicle width direction. That is, the back door panel  12  has a lower panel  16  disposed along the vehicle body up-down direction and an upper panel  14  disposed along the vehicle body frontward and upward direction (vehicle body front-rear direction) from the upper end portion of the lower panel  16  in a state in which the resin back door  10  is closed. Thus, the open portion  12 A is formed at the upper panel  14  and the open portion  12 B is formed at the lower panel  16 . 
         [0032]    Furthermore, the back door panel  12  has an inner panel  20  and an outer panel  30  that configure (form) a closed cross-sectional shape (a chamber) as a result of being joined to one another. The inner panel  20  and the outer panel  30  are each molded using fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) such as, for example, carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP). 
         [0033]    As shown in  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 , the inner panel  20  on the upper panel  14  side has a front edge portion  22  that extends in the vehicle width direction on the vehicle body front side and configures the open portion  12 A, right and left edge portions  24  that extend in the vehicle body front-rear direction on the vehicle width direction outer sides and configure the open portion  12 A, and a rear edge portion  26  that extends in the vehicle width direction on the vehicle body rear side and configures the open portion  12 A. 
         [0034]    It should be noted that the inner panel  20  on the lower panel  16  side serves as a bottom portion  28  formed in a substantially flat plate shape, and the open portion  12 B is formed at the upper portion of the bottom portion  28  (on the lower side of the rear edge portion  26 ). Consequently, the bottom portion  28  is disposed integrally and continuously from the vehicle width direction outside end portions of the rear edge portion  26  toward the vehicle body lower side. 
         [0035]    The outer panel  30  has a front portion outer panel  32  that extends in the vehicle width direction and configures a closed cross-sectional shape (chamber) with the front edge portion  22 , right and left side portion outer panels  34  that extend in the vehicle body front-rear direction and configure closed cross-sectional shapes (chambers) with the right and left edge portions  24 , and a rear portion outer panel  36  that configures a closed cross-sectional shape (chamber) with the bottom portion  28 . 
         [0036]    It should be noted that projecting portions  38 , which have bilaterally symmetrical shapes and are formed in substantially flat plate shapes that project in the vehicle body frontward and upward direction (vehicle body front-rear direction) along the inner panel  20 , are integrally formed on the vehicle width direction outside upper end portions of the rear portion outer panel  36 . The projecting portions  38  configure closed cross-sectional shapes (chambers) with the vehicle width direction outside end portions of the rear edge portion  26  as described later (see  FIG. 6 ). 
         [0037]    Furthermore, as shown in  FIG. 3 , right and left end portions  32 A (vehicle width direction outside end portions) of the front portion outer panel  32  are curved toward the vehicle body rear side as seen in a plan view, and end surfaces  32 B thereof lie along the vehicle width direction. Additionally, the right and left end portions  32 A of the front portion outer panel  32  are overlaid a predetermined width H (e.g., H=15 mm) or more from above on, and are joined by a high-rigidity structural adhesive G (see  FIG. 4 ) to, front end portions  34 A of the side portion outer panels  34  (hereinafter these sites will be called “front joint portions  40 ”). 
         [0038]    Specifically, as shown in  FIG. 4 , the side portion outer panels  34  (including the front end portions  34 A) each have an outer panel main body  35  that is formed in a cross-sectionally substantial inverted “L” shape and extends in the vehicle body frontward and upward direction (vehicle body front-rear direction), an outer flange portion  35 A that is formed on the vehicle width direction outside end portion of the outer panel main body  35 , and an inner flange portion  35 B that is formed as a result of the vehicle width direction inside end portion of the outer panel main body  35  being bent toward the vehicle body lower side. 
         [0039]    Additionally, the right and left end portions  32 A of the front portion outer panel  32  each have an outer panel main body  33  that is formed in the same cross-sectionally substantial inverted “L” shape as the outer panel main body  35  and extends in the vehicle body frontward and upward direction (vehicle body front-rear direction), an outer flange portion  33 A that is formed on the vehicle width direction outside end portion of the outer panel main body  33 , and an inner flange portion  33 B that is formed as a result of the vehicle width direction inside end portion of the outer panel main body  33  being bent toward the vehicle body lower side. 
         [0040]    Consequently, the adhesive G is applied to the upper surfaces of the outer panel main bodies  35  of the front end portions  34 A of the side portion outer panels  34  and to the upper surfaces of the outer flange portions  35 A and the inner flange portions  35 B, and the lower surfaces of the outer panel main bodies  33  of the right and left end portions  32 A of the front portion outer panel  32  and the lower surfaces of the outer flange portions  33 A and the inner flange portions  33 B are overlaid from above on and are joined at three surfaces to the adhesive G. Because of this, the rigidity of the front joint portions  40  is improved. 
         [0041]    The right and left edge portions  24  of the inner panel  20  each have an inner panel main body  25  that is formed in a cross-sectionally substantial “L” shape and extend in the vehicle body frontward and upward direction (vehicle body front-rear direction), an outer flange portion  25 A that is formed as a result of the vehicle width direction outside end portion of the inner panel main body  25  being bent outward in the vehicle width direction and then being bent toward the vehicle body upper side, and an inner flange portion  25 B that is formed as a result of the vehicle width direction inside end portion of the inner panel main body  25  being bent toward the vehicle body upper side. 
         [0042]    Thus, closed cross-sectional shapes (chambers) are formed at both the right and left side portions of the back door panel  12  as a result of the outer flange portions  35 A of the outer panel  30  being overlaid from above on, and joined by the adhesive G to, the outer flange portions  25 A of the inner panel  20  and the inner flange portions  33 B of the outer panel  30  being overlaid from inside (inside the chambers) on, and joined by the adhesive G to, the inner flange portions  25 B of the inner panel  20 . 
         [0043]    It should be noted that, as shown in  FIG. 3  and  FIG. 4 , the back window upper glass  18  is joined by a urethane adhesive Gu to the upper surfaces of the outer flange portions  33 A of the outer panel  30  and the upper surfaces of the outer panel main bodies  33  (in  FIG. 3 , the urethane adhesive Gu on the upper surface side of the outer panel main bodies  33  is not shown). Furthermore, as shown in  FIG. 5 , a U-shaped groove-like channel P for draining rainwater or the like is formed between the vehicle width direction outside end portions of the outer flange portions  33 A and  35 A of the outer panel  30  and the outer flange portions  25 A of the inner panel  20  (the outer peripheral edge portion of the back door panel  12 ). 
         [0044]    Furthermore, as shown in  FIG. 3 , an inner peripheral edge portion  32 C of the front portion outer panel  32  and an inner peripheral edge portion  34 C of each of the side portion outer panels  34  are continuous with one another via a curved section. More specifically, a curved portion  32 E, which is arc-shaped as seen in a plan view and continues from a linear portion  32 D along the vehicle width direction at the inner peripheral edge portion  32 C, and a curved portion  34 E, which is arc-shaped as seen in a plan view and continues from a linear portion  34 D along the vehicle body front-rear direction at the inner peripheral edge portion  34 C, are continuous with one another via the front joint portion  40 . 
         [0045]    Additionally, each of the right and left end portions  32 A of the front portion outer panel  32  extends in such a way as to exist in a region R 1  on the vehicle body rear side of a hypothetical extension line K 1  of the linear portion  32 D of the inner peripheral edge portion  32 C extending outward in the vehicle width direction and on the vehicle body front side of a hypothetical straight line K 2  along the vehicle width direction passing through the boundary between the linear portion  34 D and the curved portion  34 E of the inner peripheral edge portion  34 C of the side portion outer panel  34 . 
         [0046]    Furthermore, a region R 2  between the hypothetical straight line K 2  and a hypothetical straight line K 3  along the vehicle body front-rear direction passing through the boundary between the linear portion  32 D and the curved portion  32 E of the inner peripheral edge portion  32 C of the front portion outer panel  32  is a corner portion N on the front portion side of the back door panel  12  and is a corner portion as seen in a plan view. Additionally, the region R 1  is included in the region R 2  that defines the corner portion N. 
         [0047]    Furthermore, as shown in  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 , substantially flat plate-shaped rear end portions  34 B of the side portion outer panels  34  are overlaid a predetermined width or more from above on, and are joined by the adhesive G to, the right and left projecting portions  38  of the rear portion outer panel  36  (hereinafter these sites will be called “rear joint portions  42 ”). Specifically, as shown in  FIG. 6 , the adhesive G is applied to the upper surfaces of the projecting portions  38  of the rear portion outer panel  36 , and the lower surfaces of the rear end portions  34 B of the side portion outer panels  34  are overlaid from above on and are joined to the adhesive G. 
         [0048]    Each of the vehicle width direction outside end portions of the rear edge portion  26  of the inner panel  20  has an inner panel main body  27 , which is formed in a cross-sectionally substantial “U” shape, and an outer flange portion  27 A, which is formed as a result of the vehicle width direction outside end portion of the inner panel main body  27  being bent outward in the vehicle width direction and then being bent toward the vehicle body upper side. The vehicle width direction inside end portion of the inner panel main body  27  is an inner flange portion  27 B that is continuous with the rear edge portion  26 . 
         [0049]    Consequently, closed cross-sectional shapes (chambers) are formed at the vehicle width direction outside end portions of the rear edge portion  26  of the inner panel  20 —in other words, in the rear sides of the right and left side portions of the back door panel  12 —as a result of the vehicle width direction outside end portions of the projecting portions  38  being overlaid from above on, and joined by the adhesive G to, the outer flange portions  27 A of the inner panel  20  and the vehicle width direction inside end portions of the projecting portions  38  being overlaid from above on, and joined by the adhesive G to, the inner flange portions  27 B of the inner panel  20 . 
         [0050]    It should be noted that the channel P is formed between the outer flange portions  27 A and the vehicle width direction outside end portions of the rear end portions  34 B and the projecting portions  38  (the outer peripheral edge portion of the back door panel  12 ). Furthermore, as shown in  FIG. 2 , the rear joint portions  42  at which the vehicle width direction outside end portions of the rear edge portion  26  of the inner panel  20 , the rear end portions  34 B of the side portion outer panels  34 , and the projecting portions  38  of the rear portion outer panel  36  are joined to one another are trifurcated portions T of the back door panel  12  and are corner portions as seen in a side view. Furthermore, end surfaces  34 F of the rear end portions  34 B of the side portion outer panels  34  at the trifurcated portions T (corner portions) lie along the vehicle width direction. 
         [0051]    Next, the action of the vehicular resin back door  10  having the above configuration will be described. 
         [0052]    In the corner portions N (the regions R 2 , and more specifically the regions R 1 ) of the back door panel  12 , the right and left end portions  32 A of the front portion outer panel  32  are overlaid from above on, and are joined by the adhesive G (at the three surfaces) to, the front end portions  34 A of the side portion outer panels  34 . Consequently, the torsional rigidity of the corner portions (the corner portions N) on the front portion side of the back door panel  12  can be improved without having to add separate reinforcement members. 
         [0053]    Moreover, the right and left end portions  32 A of the front portion outer panel  32  are curved toward the vehicle body rear side as seen in a plan view and are overlaid from above on and are joined to the front end portions  34 A of the side portion outer panels  34 . In other words, the front joint portions  40  are disposed in the regions R 1  that are part of the corner portions N (the regions R 2 ). Additionally, the end surfaces  32 B of the right and left end portions  32 A of the front portion outer panel  32  lie along the vehicle width direction. 
         [0054]    Thus, the waterproofness of the corner portions N (corner portions) of the back door panel  12  can be improved. More specifically, for example, in a resin back door  100  pertaining to a comparative example shown in  FIG. 7A , a right and left pair of side outer panels  134  configure right and left halves each of a front portion outer panel and are joined to one another in a vehicle width direction central portion of a front edge portion  122  of an inner panel  120 . 
         [0055]    Consequently, in this case, as shown in  FIG. 7B , a space S along the vehicle body front-rear direction (along the direction in which rainwater or the like flows) ends up being fondled over a front joint portion  140  of the side portion outer panels  134 , and there is the concern that rainwater or the like will enter from this space S. Furthermore, in order to ensure that rainwater or the like does not enter from the space S, a work process such as filling the space S with urethane adhesive Gu ends up becoming necessary. 
         [0056]    In contrast, the front joint portions  40  in the present embodiment are formed over the right and left edge portions  24  (in the regions R 1 ) of the inner panel  20 , and the end surfaces  32 B of the right and left end portions  32 A of the front portion outer panel  32  lie along the vehicle width direction (lie in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which rainwater or the like flows). Additionally, the channel P for draining rainwater or the like is formed at the outer peripheral edge portion of the back door panel  12 . 
         [0057]    Consequently, even if spaces along the vehicle width direction end up being formed over the front joint portions  40 , there is no concern that rainwater or the like will enter from those spaces. In other words, according to the back door panel  12  pertaining to the present embodiment, rainwater or the like is deterred or prevented from entering from spaces in the front joint portions  40 . Additionally, a work process for filling those spaces can also be rendered unnecessary. 
         [0058]    It should be noted that the same is also true with respect to the trifurcated portions T (corner portions) of the back door panel  12 . That is, in the trifurcated portions T of the back door panel  12 , the rear end portions  34 B of the side portion outer panels  34  are overlaid from above on, and are joined by the adhesive G to, the projecting portions  38  of the rear portion outer panel  36 . Consequently, the torsional rigidity of the corner portions (the trifurcated portions T) on the rear portion side of the back door panel  12  can be improved. 
         [0059]    Additionally, the end surfaces  34 F of the side portion outer panels  34  at the trifurcated portions T of the back door panel  12  lie along the vehicle width direction, and the channel P for draining rainwater or the like is formed at the outer peripheral edge portion of the back door panel  12 . Thus, the waterproofness can be improved at the trifurcated portions T (corner portions) (rainwater or the like can be deterred or prevented from entering from spaces in the rear joint portions  42 ). 
         [0060]    The vehicular resin back door  10  pertaining to the present embodiment has been described above on the basis of the drawings, but the vehicular resin back door  10  pertaining to the present embodiment is not limited to what is shown in the drawings and can appropriately undergo design changes. For example, the inner panel  20  and the outer panel  30  are not limited to a configuration where they are each molded using fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP). 
         [0061]    Furthermore, it suffices for the positions of the front joint portions  40  at which the right and left end portions  32 A of the front portion outer panel  32  and the front end portions  34 A of the side portion outer panels  34  are overlaid on and are joined to one another to be in the regions R 2  from the standpoint of improving the torsional rigidity of the corner portions N (corner portions), but it is preferable for them to be in the regions R 1  from the standpoint of improving the waterproofness of the back door panel  12 . 
         [0062]    Furthermore, as long as the waterproofness of the back door panel  12  can be well ensured, the right and left end portions  32 A of the front portion outer panel  32  and the rear end portions  34 B of the side portion outer panels  34  do not have to be overlaid from above on one another. Additionally, the end surfaces  32 B of the right and left end portions  32 A of the front portion outer panel  32  and the end surfaces  34 F of the rear end portions  34 B of the side portion outer panels  34  do not have to lie along the vehicle width direction.