Abstract:
Systems and methods for locating a cellular phone are provided. More particularly, systems and methods are provided that allow the location of a requested user&#39;s cellular phone to be provided to a requesting user&#39;s device (e.g., a second cellular phone) based on access rights defined by the requested user. Location descriptions may be provided at a multitude of levels. For example, if a cellular phone, or an identity associated to (e.g., logged into) a cellular phone, has been given access rights to a cell phone&#39;s exact location for an indefinite amount of time, that cell phone can receive, on command, the exact location of the approved cell phone. Other levels of location information that can be granted include, for example, proximities, states, and countries.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     
         
         
           
             This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/367,967, filed on Mar. 25, 2002, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
           
         
       
    
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to systems and methods for determining a device&#39;s location. More particularly, this invention relates to systems and methods for remotely determining a device&#39;s location. 
     The Global Positioning System (GPS) has been developed in which a ground-based system can receive GPS signals from satellites and use these signals to determine the location of the ground-based system based on the time the GPS signals took to reach the ground-based system. Generally, three satellite signals are needed to determine where in the world a receiver is located (i.e., position triangulation). 
     GPS systems have been integrated into cellular phones. However, these systems are deficient because the location of a device, as determined by these GPS signals, is only minimally utilized. It is therefore desirable to provide systems and methods that better utilize the information about a device&#39;s location. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In accordance with the present invention, systems and methods are provided for locating cellular phones. More particularly, the present invention provides systems and methods for allowing a user of a cellular phone (e.g., a requesting user or a requester) to locate the position of a different user&#39;s cellular phone (e.g., a requested user) based upon access rights assigned by the requested user. 
     One object of the present invention is to provide a security feature which allows a user to limit and/or deny location access to a particular user. In preferred embodiments, only the users that have been granted access to the location of a user&#39;s cellular phone can actually locate that user&#39;s cellular phone. Furthermore, different types of access levels may be provided that allow a user to filter location information to a different user. In this manner, a cell phone user may give access, through his or her cell phone, to a friend so that the friend can locate him or her dependent on the level of access that is granted to that friend. 
     For example, suppose that Phil tells Bill that he will be shopping in Manhattan and that Bill should locate him when Bill gets to Manhattan through their cell phones. In such an example, Phil may grant Bill access the exact location of his cell phone for a specific period of time (e.g., the next two hours). As a result, when Bill tries to access Phil&#39;s location, Bill will be told exactly where in Manhattan Phil&#39;s cell phone is located. Thus, Bill does not have to contact Phil directly to see where Phil is located and, therefore, Phil does not have to spend any time giving Bill verbal directions; Bill can simply see what store Phil is currently in and go to that store. 
     As mentioned previously, levels in the scope of access may be controlled by a user such that, for example, only a user&#39;s exact location, approximate location, city, state, or country can be accessed by a particular user. 
     Location alerts and monitoring features are also provided. For example, Phil may give Jen, a resident of Pittsburgh, city access so that when Phil travels into Pittsburgh, Jen will be alerted of Phil&#39;s presence. Such an alert may take the form of, for example, a display on Jen&#39;s cell phone that communicates to Jen “Phil is in Pittsburgh.” 
     Locating a cellular phone may be accomplished in several ways. For example, satellite positioning systems such as the Global Positional System and the soon to be deployed Galileo system may be used to locate a user&#39;s cell phone. 
     User positions and security settings may be regularly or manually transmitted to a remote system, such as a remote database so that requesting users can locate a requested user&#39;s position even if the requested user turns his/her cell phone OFF. Placing the security measures on a remote system (e.g., remote database, computer, or server) provides an information brokering scheme such that the system is still operable even when cell phones are added, removed, or modified from the system. 
     Additionally, the present invention may be configured to provide additional information about the location of a user. Such additional information may be, for example, a map, a location marker on a map, a map that changes as the user moves, a compass, coordinates of the located cell phone, directions to the located cell phone, where a user is in relation to another user, and information about the location the located user is currently positioned in or nearby locations such as landmarks. Such information may be provided by a remote information provider (e.g., a remote map information provider) and accessed by an information broker through a communications network. 
     Many other features are also employed that realize advantageous locating functionality. For example, suppose that a wife wants to see if her husband has left work yet. She can locate her husband, without having to talk to him, and realize that he is driving home on a highway. Thus, a travel time option may be provided to the user. This option would compute the distance between the wife&#39;s location and husband&#39;s location by taking multiple location readings of the husband&#39;s location to see how fast the husband is traveling. Alternatively, because the husband&#39;s position will map to a highway, the system may assume that the user is driving and may provide the wife with an estimate on the husband&#39;s arrival time based on an assumed route. In this manner, the present invention may determine how much time it will take the husband to reach the wife and display this information to the wife. 
     As per other examples, a “see my friends” option may also be provided that brings up a map of a desired area. Dots or symbols may be present on the map to signify the location of all users from which the requesting user has location information for. Similarly, a “find closest friend” option may be employed which finds the closest user with which the requesting user has location access to. 
     A cell phone location may by accessed by a variety of other devices. Alternatively, a cell phone may be used to access the location of a variety of other devices. For example, if the wife was at home, that wife may connect to the internet and access a remote database to either provide the most recent location information about the husband&#39;s cell phone to her or request a location update from the husband&#39;s cell phone. The wife&#39;s location may be already stored in such a database by associating the location to the IP address of the computer or by a manual input of the wife&#39;s location. The wife&#39;s identity may be determined by, for example, a login and password on a website. Thus, the above-identified security measures are not limited to device-to-device locating, but rather user-to-user locating; the wife may only access the husband&#39;s location if the husband has granted access for the wife to do so. If, by accident, the wife&#39;s cell phone breaks, she may login on a friend&#39;s cell phone and determine the husband&#39;s location according to the device that the husband is logged into. 
     Security is preferably taken into account in the present invention and, therefore, location rights for a specific user may be given to a different user only by that specific user. However, a user may request location access rights from a different user. For example, a user may be provided with a request location screen on his cell phone and that user (e.g., user “X”) may enter in the cell phone number of the cell phone whose location is desired. The user associated to the entered cell phone number may then receive an alert that says “user X has requested access to your location.” Location access may then be given or denied on multiple levels and the requesting user notified of the decision. 
     The location feature of the present invention may be turned ON or OFF at any time. Users may be added, individually or in groups, to a list of users with location access rights to a specific user by that specific user. A specific user may, at any time, modify, delete, or add users allowed to access his or her location. Login and password information may be included to increase security or to create a user profile, allowing a specific user to log into any cell phone and be recognized (and thereby be located with that cell phone or locatable device). 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The principles and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood from the following detailed description considered in conjunction with the following drawings, in which the same reference numerals denote the same structural elements throughout, and in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a network topology of a cell phone locating network in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a flow chart of the locating feature in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 3  is an illustration of a cell phone in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a display screen for a locate feature in accordance with with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a display screen for a retrieving location status feature in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a display screen for a displaying location feature in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 7  is a display screen listing options for a locate feature in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 8  is a display screen of a failed locate feature due to insufficient rights in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 9  is a display screen of adding and modifying locate rights and options to a user in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 10  is a display screen of assigning location rights to a user in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 11  is a display screen of alert options in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 12  is a display screen of an alert feature in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 13  is a display screen of a login feature in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 14  is a display screen of a login feature in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 15  is a wireless device in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 16  is an embodiment of a network topology in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 17  is an embodiment of a locating feature in accordance with the principles of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 18  is an embodiment of a communications signal in accordance with the principles of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       FIG. 1  depicts a network topology of device location network  100  that incorporates principles of the present invention. Network  100  includes one or more positioning satellites  110 ,  112 , and  114  that can locate the position of one or more cell phones  120 ,  122 ,  126 , and  124  (and other locatable devices) on Earth  101 . Positioning satellites  110 ,  112 , and  114  may be, for example, the Global Positioning System (GPS) or the upcoming Galileo satellite network. 
     Preferably, any cell phone in network  100  may locate a different cell phone, as long as access to location information is allowed, through the utilization of positioning satellites  110 ,  112 , and  114 . Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that other positioning systems and methods may be used in locating the position of a user on a cell phone of network  100 . 
     To route information to and from a cell phone of network  100  additional facilities and communication paths may be included. For example, a main facility (not shown in  FIG. 1 ) containing user location access rights may be included in network  100 . Such a main facility may retrieve location information directly from a positioning system or a cellular phone and then route this information to a cellular phone or positioning system. 
     Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that if the Global Positioning System (GPS) is used as the positioning system then GPS receivers will be incorporated into cellular phones of the present invention. Persons skilled in the art will also appreciate that devices other than cellular phones may include positioning features. For example, watches, clothing, laptop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), may all contain location systems (e.g., GPS) and utilize the security principles of the present invention to allow different user&#39;s to access these locations. 
       FIG. 2  shows flow chart  200  of a simplified locating feature constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Step  202  initiates when a user requests the location of another user&#39;s cell phone. Step  206  evaluates if the user initiating the location request has the rights to access the location of the desired user. If no access rights for the requesting user have been granted then step  204  will preferably inform the requesting user that he/she has not been given access to the requested location. In this manner, every user may assign rights (e.g. govern the security) to whom may or may not locate him/her. In preferred embodiments, these rights will be stored in, or functionality executed from, a remote facility and accessed and utilized by a user&#39;s cell phone or other requesting device (e.g., a watch or PDA). 
     If access has been given by a particular user that allows for the requesting user to locate that particular user, step  208  is initiated and the allowed location information is provided to the user in step  210 . Step  208  may optionally filter the location information such that only a portion information is passed to the requesting user. The requested user may have, for example, defined that the requesting user only can obtain the city, state, or country of his/her location. Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that only the location of the desired user needs to have a cell phone or a positioning system. The requesting user may use other means (e.g., the internet) to request the location of the desired user. 
     Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that the location of a user&#39;s cell phone may be retrieved, in step  208 , from a remote database, facility, distribution center, or any other system. More particularly, a remote database may periodically request the location of a cell phone user with a positioning system and store this information. This database may also keep a record of those people allowed to access that user&#39;s location, the extent to which access is allowed, and the extent to which a user has requested a user&#39;s location. A user may update, add, manipulate, or remove access at any time by doing so at this database. Thus, a requesting user only has to contact the remote database, have his/her identity recognized, have his/her access rights for the requested user location determined, and, if the requesting user has the correct access rights, be provided with the requested user&#39;s location. 
     Instead of a remote database periodically obtaining location information for a user, the database can obtain a user&#39;s locations when a request is made for that user&#39;s location, provided that the requesting user has access to the requested user&#39;s location. However, persons skilled in the art will recognize that a remote database is utilized in the above examples to contain the locations, in most circumstances, of a multitude of users. Thus, to increase security even more, a requesting user&#39;s cell phone may directly request a user&#39;s location from the requested user&#39;s cell phone without the need for a database. In such an example a user adds, manipulates, or removes access rights locally on his/her cell phone and does not have to worry about security issues that surround placing his location on a remote database. Furthermore, in such an embodiment a user&#39;s location does not have to be saved anywhere, a positioning system can just be “read” by a requesting user with the appropriate access rights. 
     However, by recording a user&#39;s location on a device, e.g., a cell phone&#39;s memory or in a remote database, novel applications may be utilized. For example, whenever a user makes a credit card purchase, a credit card authorization system can record the location of a cell phone associated to the purchasing user. In this manner, a new system and method of fraud protection is introduced. The credit card authorization system may, for example, reject a purchase if the purchaser&#39;s cell phone (or watch, clothing, PDA, or other positioning enabled device) is not in the vicinity of the purchase. Alternatively, the credit card authorization system may request a second form of identification if the purchaser&#39;s cell phone location does not correlate to the location of the purchase. Additionally, the credit card authorization system may call the purchaser&#39;s cell phone and request authorization for the credit card purchase. However, such features would preferably first involve the user/purchaser giving the credit card authorization system access to the location of his/her cell phone. 
     As per another application, a unique dating/matching service could be embodied. For example, a user may store a number of preferences in a matching profile. These preferences may describe what type of person the user is interested in meeting. Additionally, a user may store, preferably locally (for the dating/matching feature), but alternatively at a remote location, the user&#39;s own profile that has data describing similar attributes for what the user is looking for. For example, an entry in a user&#39;s profile may be “male” and an entry in a “looking for” profile may be “female.” When a user comes within a certain distance of a user (determined by comparing locations of a user) that fits his/her “looking for” profile, the user may be alerted of the proximity of a matching user. Preferably, the particular user is only alerted if the “looking for” user has entered in attributes similar to the particular user&#39;s attributes and is also alerted of the particular user. The next stages of such an application could include, for example, requesting access to a form of communication. Such a form of communication could be for example, talking on the phone, instant messaging, or delivering an email address. Persons skilled in the art will therefore appreciate that many useful applications may be constructed using the principles of the present invention. 
       FIG. 3  depicts cell phone  300  constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Cell phone  300  preferably includes speaker  330 , antenna  310 , display screen  320 , control keys  360 , alpha-numeric keys  350 , and microphone  340 . Cell phone  300  also preferably may include, for example, a communications transmitter (not shown), communications receiver (not shown), memory (not shown), positioning device (not shown), and a microprocessor (not shown). 
     Cell phone  300  may also include locate button  380 . Cell phone  300  may be configured such that if locate button  380  is pressed, a locate feature is initiated (e.g., display screen  400  of  FIG. 4  is initiated). Alternatively, cell phone  300  may be configured such that if locate button  380  is pressed, a location signal is sent to a remote storage area (e.g., a remote database), thus manually updating the user&#39;s location. This latter functionality may be useful when a user does not want his/her location accessed. As in another alternative embodiment, cell phone  380  may be configured such that if locate-button  380  is pressed, the locating features of cell phone  300  are toggled between ON and OFF. Person skilled in the art will appreciate that locate button  380  may be configured to produce a variety of useful functionalities. 
       FIG. 4  depicts display screen  400  that is displaying a locate feature constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. The locate feature of display screen  400  may be included, for example, in cell phone  300  of  FIG. 3  and displayed to the user of cell phone  300  of  FIG. 3  when that user requests the location of a different user of the present invention. The programming for the feature may, for example, be stored in the memory of the cell phone and executed by the processor at a user&#39;s request. Locate feature  400  includes identifier list  410  of alpha-numeric identifiers for users stored in the memory on cell phone  300  ( FIG. 3 ) or at a remote location. More particularly the user of display  410  may locate a user contained in identifier list  410  by selecting an appropriate user identifier  420 . 
     The user identifiers (e.g., “Susan Pracht”) in identifier list  410  are selectable and may be selected by control keys  360  of  FIG. 3 . Highlight window  410  may be used to prompt the user what identifier from list  410  is currently selected any may be controlled, for example, by the input keys of the cell phone (e.g., keys  350  and  360  of  FIG. 3 ). Identifiers may be associated to, for example, cellular telephone number, user profiles, or any other identifier that may be associated to a locatable device or user interacting with a locatable device. 
     Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that display screen  400  may be provided to a user of devices other than wireless devices. For example, display screen  410  may be provided to a user of a personal computer with no positioning system. Preferably, however, the security measures in accordance with the principles of the present invention are still abided to (e.g., access has been granted to the identifier associated to the requesting user). In this manner, a user can control who can access his/her wireless device (e.g., cell phone). 
     Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that identifier list  410  may be configured, for example, to contain only those users in which the user of cell phone  300  ( FIG. 3 ) has locate access rights to or any user stored in cell phone  300 . Persons skilled in the art will also appreciate that devices other than cell phone  300  may be used to incorporate the features of the present invention. Such devices could include, for example, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptop, GPS pagers, GPS watches, car positioning devices, or any other devices that can be located. One advantage of the present invention is that it allows a mobile device with a positioning system to locate a different mobile device with a positioning system while still retaining a high level of location security and privacy. 
       FIG. 5  is display screen  500  for retrieving location status feature in accordance with the principles of the present invention. The selected identifier may be incorporated into display screen  500  through location status display  510  to inform the user of the status of the location retrieval. For example, display screen  500  may display “locating user” while a request is being processed by a remote facility or database. 
       FIG. 6  shows display screen  600  for a display location feature constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. When a location is retrieved for the requested user, the location may be displayed on Display Screen  600  through primary location information  610 . Depending on what scope the requesting user has access to, primary location information  610  may include, for example, the country, state, city, exact location, or any combination thereof of location information to the user. For example, if the user requesting the location of a desired user has been given unlimited location access by the desired user, primary information  610  may include the exact location of the user. 
     Secondary location information  620  may be included to supplement the requested users exact location so that the requesting user may have more of an idea of where the requested user is located. For example, if the desired user is located in a mall, primary location information  610  may be the address of the mall. In such an example, secondary location information  620  may be included and display, to the requesting user, the name of the mall. 
     Directional information  630  may also be included on display  600  or any other display of the present invention. Directional information  630  may include a digital compass  632  so that the user of cell phone  300  ( FIG. 3 ) knows what direction he or she is facing in. Digital compass  632  may be connected to a directional sensitive device (e.g., mechanical compass) in order to gather directional information. Directional arrow  633  may also be included in display  600  to indicate where the requested user&#39;s location is relative to the location and direction of cell phone  300  ( FIG. 3 ) (e.g., the requesting user). Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that for some directional information  630  the location of the requesting user must be obtained. This information may be obtained either from cell phone  300 , a remote facility, or by any other suitable means. If the information is gathered from a location-gathering device other than the requesting user&#39;s device (e.g., cell phone  300  ( FIG. 3 )), then the user&#39;s device may communicate with this other location gathering device. Once both the locations of the requesting and requested/desired users are known, this information may be utilized in a number of features incorporating the principles of the present invention. 
     Distance information  634  is one such feature that displays the distance between the locations of the requested and requesting users (e.g., distance between the locations of the requested and requesting devices). Directional information  630  may contain many other elements to enhance the utility of the present invention. For example, a map (not shown in  FIG. 6 ) may be included in display  600 . This map may be of the area surrounding either the requested, the requesting user&#39;s location or both. Information may be included on the map to show the shortest path between the location as well as information about the surrounding area (e.g., area names, store names, etc.). Other information may include, for example, time to reach the destination according to specific types of travel (e.g., subway, walking, running, driving) and the direction the requested user is traveling in. 
     Location information may be utilized by a user in a variety of ways. For example, if Jane calls Bill and Bill says “I am roaming midtown Manhattan shopping why don&#39;t you join me”, no other call to Bill is needed. Bill simply has to give Jane access to his location and Bill can continue shopping without having to worry about meeting up with Jane at a specific location. 
     In some instances, it may be beneficial to find the speed and direction of a requested user. For example, if a wife wants to see how long before her husband arrives home, the wife can use this feature of the present invention. This feature may find the husbands location multiple times in a determined amount of time. Through this information the feature may determine the speed and direction that the user is traveling. Using this speed, for example, this feature may display to the wife that the husband “is 10 minutes away” in directional information  630 . In doing so, the need for a call to the husband to determine his location is eliminated. 
     Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that the location of multiple users may be displayed on display screen  600 . For example, suppose Jeff, Susan, and Chrissy are at a concert. If all three of these users have unlimited access to the other users, the principles of the present invention would allow for a map to be displayed on each of the three locating devices with locator designations for each of the users. Using such a map, the group may be able to find themselves relative to one another and decide, if need be, on the easiest location for them to meet. Thus map  660  may be included on display screen  600  and display the locations of multiple users (e.g., user&#39;s  621  and  622 ). 
     More region  640  designates that more options or information may be retrieved or performed using principles of the present invention. A user may use control keys  340  ( FIG. 3 ) on cell phone  300  ( FIG. 3 ) to perform the functionality associated with more region  640 . 
       FIG. 7  shows display screen  700  for locate listing options in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Display screen  700  includes selectable options list  710  and highlight window  720  and may be displayed to the user, for example, through the activation of functionality associated by more region  640  ( FIG. 6 ). Options list  710  may include any of the features of the present invention. For example, options list  710  may include options activating a display screen of a map of the requesting user&#39;s location, a map of the requested user&#39;s location, directions to the requested user&#39;s location from the requesting user&#39;s location, travel time for the requesting user, travel time for the requested user, and options to set location alerts. 
       FIG. 8  shows display screen  800  of a failed locate feature due to insufficient rights in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Display screen  800  may be displayed if a requesting user attempts to locate a requested user, but has not been given access rights by the requested user to the requested user&#39;s location. In such an instance, insufficient rights message  801  may be prompted on display screen  800 . 
       FIG. 9  shows display screen  900  for adding and modifying locate rights and options to a user in accordance with the principles of the present invention. A user may give or modify access rights through display  900  to a user identifier in selectable user identifier listing  910 . Highlight window  920  may be included to enhance the selecting process. 
       FIG. 10  shows display screen  1000  for assigning location rights to a user in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Display screen  1000  may be displayed, for example, after a user has been selected to be given location rights. Display screen  1000  contains selectable location rights listing  1010 , in which the selecting process may be enhanced by highlight window  1020 . Possible location access rights may be, for example, by country, state, city, exact location, or any other scope of location. Other rights may be assigned such as particular times in the day or time periods at which locations may be accessed. 
       FIG. 11  shows display screen  1100  of alert options in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Display screen  1100  allows for a user to set up alerts depending on the location of specific users. Selectable alert listings  1110  are included and may be selectable with highlight window  1120 . Examples of alerts that may be included in display screen  1100  may occur, for example, if the requested user is in a specific city or the same city as the user of display  1100 , is within a certain distance, or if a user located the user of display  1100 . 
     The alerts of the present invention may realize useful functionality. For example, suppose Susan Pracht lives in Pittsburgh and rarely comes to the city of the user of display screen  1100  on cell phone  300  ( FIG. 3 ) which is New York City. The user of cell phone  300  ( FIG. 3 ) may then use display screen  1100  and set an alert such that if Susan Pracht ever enters New York City, he or she would be alerted of Susan Pracht&#39;s presence. 
       FIG. 12  shows display screen  1200  of an alert feature in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Display screen  1200  includes an alert message and is displayed to a user when an event occurs that is designated by the user in display screen  1100  ( FIG. 11 ). Continuing the example from  FIG. 11 , if Susan Pracht enters New York City, alert message  1210  would prompt the user that this event has occured. 
       FIG. 13  shows display screen  1300  of a login feature in accordance with the principles of the present invention. In order for users to be identified by other user&#39;s cell phones or locating devices a user profile may need to be stored remotely from such devices. In such instances user profiles would be used as the locating identifier and the devices into which these profiles are logged into (recognized by) would allow for the user to be located. Display screen  1300  allows for a user to log into a locating device of the present invention. Logging into a device also adds a level of security to the present invention, especially when combined with a password. A user may use the controls of the device of the present invention to enter login  1310  of display  1300 . 
     In this manner, a user may use another user&#39;s location device (e.g., cell phone) to locate a user or may use, for example, the internet to locate a user. Additionally, in this manner, a user may change the device being located. For example, a user may use his or her car GPS system or other systems in accordance with the principles of the present invention to be located instead of his or her cell phone. To further this example, a user may log into a web site on the internet and designate his or her current location as home, or any other location, thus eliminating the need for a locatable device entirely. 
       FIG. 14  shows display screen  1400  of a login feature in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Display screen  1400  may be used by a user to enter a password associated to that user&#39;s profile, identity, or cell phone functionality access. A user may enter password  1410  using the controls of the device of display screen  1400  (e.g., cell phone  300  of  FIG. 3 ). By including a login/password scheme a user can be identified by a remote facility (e.g., a remote database) so that the user&#39;s location can be recorded/updated by multiple devices. Additionally, a login/password adds an extra level of security. 
       FIG. 15  shows cell phone  1500  that may be utilized to carry but the functionality in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Cell phone  1500  includes receiver/transmitter  1510 , microprocessor  1520 , positioning system  1530 , and memory  1540 . 
     Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that receiver/transmitter  1510  may directly communicate with memory  1540  if receiver/transmitter  1510  does not have its own memory (e.g., if receiver/transmitter  1510  are configured to utilize a buffer for capturing incoming communications bursts before-demodulation and decryptions). 
     Positioning system  1530  may be, for example, a GPS system or a similar positioning system. Positioning system  1530  may include its own receiver for receiving particular signals utilized in positioning cell phone  1500 . 
       FIG. 16  shows network topology  1600  that includes a variety of components, all of which, or some of which, may be utilized to carry out the features in accordance with the principles of the present invention. In this manner, persons skilled in the art will appreciate that multiple system configurations may be utilized. Topology  1600  introduces the diversity of systems that can be utilized to realize such configurations. 
     Generally, topology  1600  includes multiple mobile devices (e.g., multiple instances of mobile device  1601 ), access control devices and location broker devices (e.g., database  1602  and cell phone base station  1603 ), and non-mobile devices (e.g., grounded non-wireless device  1605 ). Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that other devices or facilities may be included in topology  1600 . For example, one or more positioning systems  1601  may be included in topology  1600  in order to locate particular devices. For example, a positioning receiver (e.g., GPS receiver) may be included in wireless device  1601  with positing system  1601  being a positioning transmitter (e.g., GPS satellite network). 
     One or more wireless devices  1601  may be included in topology  1600  and may be, for example, watches, PDAs, cellular phones, radios, cars, or any other mobile device whose location can be determined. 
     As previously mentioned, access control and location broker devices may be included in topology  1600 . Such devices may be utilized, for example, to store user access rights for a particular user and may contain functionality to request and route a device&#39;s location. These devices may be considered information brokers such that devices may be added, removed, or modified without creating the necessity of having to modify the other devices of topology  1600 . 
     Database  1602  is one such information broker. Database  1602  may, for example, be located in cell phone base station  1603  if database  1602  is utilized to assist in cell phone locating. Database  1602  may be utilized, for example, to store a history a of a device&#39;s locations, a user&#39;s list of assigned access rights to other users, a log of a user&#39;s call activity, a log of location initiations, a user profile, login/password information, or any other sort of information. Many features may be provided that utilize such information. For example, an approximate location may be determined for a device that is turned OFF (e.g., by utilizing the device&#39;s location history). As per another example, if a cell phone is lost and a new one replaced, information such as, for example, phone books, activity logs, and assigned user access rights may be downloaded/flashed into the cell phone. 
     Database  1602  may be accessed either directly (e.g., manually by an user of the device) or indirectly (e.g., periodically) by a cell phone or other device. Alternatively, a device or cell phone may access database  1602  directly (e.g., manually by an administrator of the database) or indirectly (e.g., periodically) by database  1602 . 
     A credit card authorization system is an example of additional system  1606  that may be added to topology  1600  to realize new features. Such a credit card authorization system, as described above, could utilize a devices location in order to decrease credit card fraud. System  1600  may also be, for example, systems needed to realize the described dating functionalities or another information provider (e.g., a map information provider). 
     Non-wireless devices  1605  (e.g., a personal computer) may be included in topology  1600 . Such devices may have locations associated to them or contain a positioning system. These locations may then be associated to a user that is recognized as using the device. For example, if a particular user logs into a non-mobile personal computer, that user&#39;s location will be recognized as being the location associated to the personal computer. 
     The devices of topology  1600  communicate with each other through communications network  1610 . Communications network  1610  may include, for example, any type of communications, routing, amplification, encryption, decryption, parsing, modulation, or demodulation technologies. For example, positioning system  1601  may communicate with wireless device  1601  by sending multiple wireless positioning signals. At the same time, database  1602  may be providing non-wireless device  1605  with a device&#39;s location over conventional telephone wires. 
       FIG. 17  shows locating feature  1700  in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Locating feature  1701  starts at step  1701  and waits at step  1702  until a location is requested. As stated, a location can be requested in a number of instances and by a variety of different means. 
     For example, a location may be requested by a user of a cell phone that desires to locate a friend by locating that friend&#39;s cell phone. Alternatively, a device may be triggered to request a location of a mobile device when an event occurs. For example, a credit card authorization system may request the location of a user&#39;s cell phone and the location of a store that just used a credit card associated to the requested user. 
     If a location is requested, access rights to the requested location for the requesting device and/or user are obtained at step  1703 . Step  1703  may be employed for example, as a call to a database storing a list of assigned access rights for the requested device/user and finding if any access rights were assigned to the requestor&#39;s identity. As per another example, step  1703  may be employed as a direct call to the requested device/user. 
     Step  1704  determines if the requestor has been assigned access rights to obtain the requested device/user&#39;s location. Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that some devices may always have access to a user&#39;s location regardless if a user has assigned access rights to the requesting device. In this manner, a device may be set up to always let a user access a location. For example, a mother may purchase a cell phone for a minor and may configure the cell phone to always allow her location information. 
     If access rights do exist for the requesting device/user at step  1704  then step  1705  may be initiated and location information may be provided to the requester. Such location information may be filtered according to the assigned access rights. For example, if a user has only been assigned access rights to obtain the requested user&#39;s city location, only the city that the requested user/device is currently located in (or the last city location available) may be obtained. The process then finishes at step  1707  after the assigned location information has been delivered to the requestor at step  1705 . Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that steps may be added to, removed, or modified from locating feature  1700 . For example, instead of finish step  1707 , step  1702  may be initiated after step  1706  has completed. 
     If a requester has not been assigned rights to access the requested user/device&#39;s location as determined by step  1704 , then step  1712  may be initiated. Step  1712  informs the requester that the requester does not have access rights to obtain the location of a user/device. Step  1711  may follow and provide an opportunity for the requestor to obtain the access rights. More particularly, step  1711  asks the requestor if the requestor would like to request access rights. If the requester does not want to request access rights, locating feature  1700  may, for example, return to step  1702 . Else, access rights may be requested at step  1721 . Step  1722  follows and if access rights were given then step  1705  may be initiated. Else, step  1712  may, for example, be re-initiated. 
       FIG. 18  shows one embodiment of a cell phone burst that has been configured to embed a device or user&#39;s location  1801  between control signals (e.g., synchronization signals) and data signals. Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that some cell phone burst standards (e.g., TDMA and CDMA) have signal portions that are reserved for future technologies. In one embodiment, this reserved portion is utilized to house location information  1801 . A cell phone tower or base may then strip received signals  1800  of location information  1801 , store location information  1801  into a database or other storage device, and deliver the received signals to its desired location. In this manner, a user may refresh his/her location information every time that a cell phone base station receives or routes information for the user. By stripping location information  1801  from signal  1800 , the intended receiver does not have access to the location of the device transmitting signal  1800 . A signal similar to signal  1800  may be sent to a cell phone that has requested, and has the appropriate location access rights, to location  1801 . Location  1801  may also be stored in other portions of signal  1800  that are not reserved portions. For example, a received signal  1800  may store location information in the data portions of signal  1800 . In embodiments where additional information is sent about location  1801  (e.g., a map associated with location  1801 ) utilizing a main data portion of signal  1800  is preferred. Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that signal burst  1800  may actually be any type of communication signal such as, for example, information returned from a database inquiry. 
     Persons skilled in the art will also appreciate that the systems and methods of the present invention may be implemented using other locating features and configurations. For example, a user may be manually requested to allow location access rights every time his/her location is requested. As per another example, a user may organize his/her user list into groups and assign access rights to that group (e.g., family member user group, close friend user group). All such modifications are within the scope of the present invention, which is limited only by the claims that follow.