Abstract:
An electronic device has a display in which the casing of the display includes a plurality of recessed cavities into which radio and antenna modules can be inserted to provide the electronic device with a wireless communication capability. The display can have cavities for one or more radios and one or more antenna modules. A radio electrically connects to one or more antenna modules via conductor(s) contained within the display and connects to the host electronic device via a serial bus (e.g., USB). Accordingly, the display can have a plurality of radio/antenna combinations thereby concurrently providing the electronic device with multiple wireless communication capabilities.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority to, and is a continuation of, U.S. application Ser. No. 10/034,224, filed Dec. 28, 2001, titled “A Wireless Communication System Integrated Into A Computer Display,” incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     The present invention relates generally to a technique for incorporating a wireless communication capability into an electronic system. More particularly, the invention relates to a communication transceiver and an antenna integrated into a computer display. Still more particularly, the invention relates to integrating a plurality of radio modules and antenna modules into the outer surface of the display. 
     The market for wireless portable electronic devices (e.g., laptop computers, personal data assistants, etc.) is experiencing tremendous growth. A wireless device typically includes a radio receiver or transceiver device coupled to an antenna. Currently, there are several implementations of wireless technology in an electronic device. Examples of wireless technologies include GSM in Europe and AMPS, CDMA, and TDMA in North America, as well as Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11. 
     One such wireless implementation includes a circuit card that contains the radio electronics mounted on the card. In the context of a laptop computer, the radio card may be manufactured according to the well-known PCMCIA card standard and plug into the back or side of the laptop. The antenna associated with the radio card typically protrudes from the card and out the back or side of the laptop. This type of implementation is generally satisfactory, but suffers several limitations. First, the protruding antenna is susceptible to being knocked and damaged. Second, the antenna may not be located in such a way to provide the most optimal reception. Sub-optimal reception may be caused by the antenna being located relatively low in relation to the laptop. Further, because the antenna is located in close proximity to the laptop&#39;s components (e.g., processor, hard drive, floppy drive, etc.), electromagnetic interference from such components may interfere with the signals being received or transmitted by the radio&#39;s antenna. 
     Another type of wireless implementation includes a self-contained communication module that attaches to the back of the laptop&#39;s display. An example of this type of implementation is Compaq Computer Corp.&#39;s Multiport Module. This module includes a radio circuit and an antenna. The rear surface of the display includes a mechanical provision to which the module can be mated. An electrical blind-mating connector also is included thereby providing an electrical connection point for the module. Through this connector, the module couples to circuitry in the computer using an electrical standard such as Universal Serial Bus (“USB”). This type of arrangement generally better situates the antenna for improved performance relative the card mounted radio with antenna protruding therefrom. 
     Both of these arrangements suffer from at least the following problem. That problem is that in either case the wireless electronic device is outfitted generally with only a single wireless technology. That is, only a single Multiport Module can be mated to the back of the display and only one radio card generally is inserted into a card slot at a time. The user may have a desire or need to use more than one wireless technology. For example, the user may wish to use a Bluetooth-based radio while at work, but use a cellular-based communication technology while away from the office. Such a user would have to switch out Multiport modules or radio cards when desiring to switch wireless capability. Of course, this also means that the user would have to carry the extra modules or cards and have the ability and inclination to switch out the hardware. While Multiport modules are relatively easy to change out, circuit cards are much more cumbersome to remove and replace. Accordingly, a solution to this problem is desirable. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       For a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings in which: 
         FIG. 1  shows a block diagram of the radio module in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 2  shows layout view of the radio module of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  shows a plan view of the rear surface of a portable computer display into which multiple radio and antenna modules are inserted and interconnected; 
         FIG. 4  shows a side view of the display of  FIG. 2 ; and 
         FIG. 5  shows an embodiment of how the radio and antenna modules can be electrically connected together. 
     
    
    
     NOTATION AND NOMENCLATURE 
     Certain terms are used throughout the following description and claims to refer to particular system components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, computer companies may refer to a component and sub-components by different names. This document does not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following discussion and in the claims, the terms “including” and “comprising” are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean “including, but not limited to . . . ”. Also, the term “couple” or “couples” is intended to mean either a direct or indirect electrical connection. Thus, if a first device couples to a second device, that connection may be through a direct electrical connection, or through an indirect electrical connection via other devices and connections. To the extent that any term is not specially defined in this specification, the intent is that the term is to be given its plain and ordinary meaning. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       FIG. 1  shows an electrical block diagram of a radio module  20  constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. As shown, the radio module includes a wireless communication circuit  22  coupled to a digital interface  24 . The wireless communication circuit  22  also couples to one or more antennas via antenna connections  26  and  28 . The digital interface  24  couples to other logic (not shown) via connector  30 . Such other logic to which the digital interface couples preferably includes a host computer system, which may be a desktop computer, notebook computer, handheld computer, cellular telephone, and the like. 
     The wireless communication circuit  22  preferably implements any suitable type of wireless communication technology. A non-exhaustive list of examples includes 802.11a, 802.11b, Bluetooth, CDMA IS95, CDMA 2000 1XEV, WCDMA, EDGE, and GPRS. The wireless communication circuit receives signals from an associated antenna, processes the signals (e.g., amplification, filtering, demodulation, etc.) and provides the processed antenna signal to the digital interface  24 . The digital interface converts the processed antenna signal to a digital format and transfers the digital signal through connector  30  to a host computer (not shown). The radio module  20  shown in  FIG. 1  preferably is bi-directional which means communication signals flow from another signal source, through the antenna, wireless communication circuit  22 , digital interface  24  and to the host computer, as well as in the opposite direction from the host computer through the radio module  20  and to an associated antenna. This permits two-way communications for voice, video, data and, in general, any type of communications that benefit from two-way communication. Alternatively, the communication may be simply a one-way communication path from an external source, through the radio module  20  and to the host computer or from the host computer through the radio module  20  to an external receiving device. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 2 , a mechanical layout of the radio  20  is shown. The module includes a printed circuit board  34  on which the wireless communication circuit  22  and digital interface  24  are mounted (collectively depicted as electronics  36  in  FIG. 2 ). Antenna connections  26  and  28  are shown connected to the electronics  36  by way of traces  38 . Preferably, connections  26  are conductive pads and connections  28  are connections for coaxial RF connectors. Connector  30  also is shown connected to electronics  36  by way of traces  40 . 
       FIG. 3  shows a preferred embodiment of a computer system  46  including the radio module  20 . The computer system shown in  FIG. 3  comprises a notebook computer having a display  48  and other components that are not explicitly shown such as a keyboard, a microprocessor and other components. As noted above, the wireless subsystem described herein can be adapted for use on a variety of electronic device such as a desktop computer, notebook computer, handheld computers, cellular telephones, and the like.  FIG. 3  shows the rear surface  50  of the casing of the notebook computer&#39;s display  48 . The rear surface  50  is the surface opposite the viewable portion of the display. As shown, one or more radio modules  20  and antenna modules  52  preferably attach to the rear surface  50  of the display  48 . The modules preferably fit within corresponding cavities formed, or otherwise provided, in the casing of the display. The modules may friction fit in the cavities and/or snap into place using mechanical protrusions on the modules that click into corresponding catch points in the cavities. 
     Although two radio modules  20  are shown, any number (one or more) can be included. Similarly, although three antenna modules are shown, any number (one or more) can be included. The antenna modules  52  comprise a suitable antenna element which is connected to an associated radio module  20 . In general, of course, the antenna modules are designed to be used with the radios to which they connect. 
     A radio module  20  may connect to only one antenna module  52  if desired or connect to two or more antenna modules  52 . Two antenna modules connected to a single radio module may be desired in accordance with various wireless technologies for improved “diversity.” This permits a radio  20  to select the strongest signal from the associated antennas or to process the signals from both antennas so as to improve the quality of the reception. As shown, radio  20   a  couples to antenna  52   a  and  52   c , while radio  20   b  couples to antenna  52   b . As shown in  FIG. 3  and discussed in more detail below regarding  FIG. 5 , conductor  54  is used to interconnect radio  20   a  to antenna module  52   c  and is contained within the display&#39;s casing. 
     The radios  20  couple via their digital interfaces  24  ( FIG. 1 ) to electronics in the host computer  46 . In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the digital interfaces comprise universal serial bus (“USB”) interfaces. The radios  20   a  and  20   b  may couple to the host computer via a USB hub  56 . The conductors  60  from the hub  56  to the host system are routed through the hinge  64  at the bottom end  66  of the display. Routing signals through hinge  64  is certainly within the skill level of one of ordinary skill in the art. For reliability reasons, it is preferable to minimize the number of conductors that must be routed from the display  50 , through the hinge  64  and to the processor portion of the notebook computer  46 . Accordingly, the USB bus is desirable because, as a serial bus, it requires relatively few signal conductors. In general, any interconnection topology can be used to couple the radio modules  20  to the host computer, but serial topologies are preferred. 
     Each radio module  20 , antenna module  52 , and, if included, hub  56 , is configured to be mated with, or into, the rear surface  50  of the display  48 . The modules  20 ,  52  preferably snap into corresponding receptacles in the rear surface of the display.  FIG. 4  shows a side view of the display  48  of the computer system  46 . The radio modules  20 , antenna modules  52  and hub  56  preferably reside with receptacles in the display so that they do not protrude much, if any at all, from the rear surface  50  of the display. Preferably, the modules and hub are flush with the outer surface of the display&#39;s casing. 
     There are several advantages to the arrangement shown in  FIG. 3 . One advantage is that more than one wireless communication capability can be included in the computer at a time. Thus, radio  20   a  could be a Bluetooth module while radio  20   b  could be a CDMA module. As such, the user need not swap out one radio and antenna for another as the need arises to use a different wireless technology. Application software inside the computer can be pre-configured to use a particular radio  20 . Further, the antennas and associated radios can be located for improved signal reception compared to the radio and antenna being implemented in a circuit card located in processor portion of the computer. Also, in some situations, it is desirable to locate the antenna more than one quarter wave length from the radio to which it connects and this is possible with the configuration of  FIG. 3 . This is in contrast to the Multiport configuration discussed above in which the antenna and radio are provided in close proximity in a common enclosure. By separating the antenna from its radio, the wireless capability is able to achieve better spatial diversity than is generally possible with the Multiport design. In addition, being generally flush with the rear surface  50  eliminates the potential for the components  20 ,  52  and  56  to be accidentally bumped and damaged. 
     The radios and antennas can be electrically interconnected in accordance with any one of a number of suitable connection mechanisms. In one embodiment, the radio module  20  and antenna module  52  can be connected via a suitable RF coaxial cable that is included within the display&#39;s casing and thus hidden from view. Either end of the coaxial cable preferably is soldered or otherwise attached to conductive pads associated with the radio and antenna modules. As shown in  FIG. 5 , for example, the ends of the coaxial cable can be formed into, or attached to, a spring-like conductive structure  23  that contacts electrical pads  28  on the radio module  20 . Accordingly, when the radio module  20  is snapped into place in cavity  21 , its pads  28  automatically line up with and contact the spring-like ends  23  of the coaxial cable  54 . A similar arrangement is provided in the cavities of the antenna modules. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the radio and associated antenna can be connected by conductive material other than a coaxial cable formed or otherwise attached to a structure inside the display casing. The conductive material, for example, could be a metal etched onto a plastic surface inside the display. 
     Further still, a radio and antenna module pair can be electrically connected directly (i.e., without the use of an interconnecting cable. For example, as shown in  FIG. 3 , radio  20   a  is shown essentially abutting antenna module  52   a . Conductive spring-like “fingers” (not shown) from the antenna module can be routed through the display and over to the cavity occupied by the radio module. Thus, when the radio module is snapped into place, its contacts  26  ( FIG. 2 ) line up and contact the conductive fingers from the antenna module in a similar fashion to that discussed above with regard to  FIG. 5 . 
     The above discussion is meant to be illustrative of the principles and various embodiments of the present invention. Numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.