Abstract:
A torsional wire treatment drawing system for increased drawing speeds and die life by using wet or dry lubricant and by distributing the heat of drawing over two or more drawing dies, thus increasing the ability to remove heat from the system, is provided.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to a die assembly for the cold drawing of wire both for wet and dry applications. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    In wire drawing processes, the drawing of wire stock through a drawing-die assembly generates heat during the reduction of the diameter of the wire stock. Lubricants are generally applied to help reduce this heat of drawing. 
         [0003]    Additional methods directed towards reducing this heat of drawing include use of a pressure die prior to a drawing die to increase the amount of lubricant separating the drawing die from the wire during drawing, improving the lubricant properties such as melting point, fat content and viscosity, improving the lubricant carrier by adding polomerized materials in lieu of borax or changing the drawing machine after drawing. 
         [0004]    Examples of equipment applied after the drawing die include using a larger drawing block, improvement of cooling in the drawing block by means such as reducing the drawing block thickness, blowing air over the wire on the drawing block, and changing the method of water application to the inside of drawing blocks from spray jets to narrow gap cooling. 
         [0005]    Increasing the outside drawing die holder surface area of a pressure-die drawing die assembly, e.g. the wire drawing assembly of U.S. Pat. No. 5,402,664, by cutting grooves is an example of another approach to improve heat transfer. However this approach, exacerbated by ineffective interference fit between the drawing nib and case, has created marketplace issues with circumferentially and axially cracked nibs for this particular wire drawing assembly. 
         [0006]    Related art that addresses these and other problems includes the following patents. 
         [0007]    U.S. Pat. No. 1,896,674, issued to Longwell on Feb. 7, 1933, discloses a wire drawing apparatus having means for forcing lubricant between a die and the material being drawn during the drawing process, under sufficient pressure to urge the lubricant between the die and the work and includes a lubricant-expelling system for pressure developed therebetween. 
         [0008]    U.S. Pat. No. 2,028,652, issued to Mulatier on Jan. 21, 1936, discloses an apparatus having several dies disposed in succession with each other co-axially in the same die-holder with a liquid coolant passed between. 
         [0009]    U.S. Pat. No. 2,539,716, issued to Bairstow et al. on Jan. 30, 1951, discloses a lubricating tungsten carbide die holder for wire coated with a dry lubricant. 
         [0010]    U.S. Pat. No. 3,740,990, issued to Prajanar et al. on Jun. 26, 1973, discloses a pressure drawing die designed for drawing wires, rods and tubes made of materials having varied mechanical properties, whereby use is made of the effect of hydrodynamic friction. The drawing die incorporates a system of dies with a pressure sleeve with hydrodynamic action. A cooling system is built into the drawing-die body or housing. The inlet portion of the pressure sleeve extends outside the body through the orifice in a pressure nut. Between dies a seal in a form of labyrinths and metal powders is provided. The working dies are provided with metal jackets which separate the die core from the pressure mounting. 
         [0011]    European Patent Application No. EP0175497, inventor New, published on Mar. 26, 1986, discloses a die for tube drawings comprising a housing, a die member in a bore in the housing and a screw-threaded collar engaging a screw-threaded portion of the bore. The die member and bore are tapered. Rotation of the collar exerts axial pressure on the die member to give fine adjustment of the die internal dimension.. 
         [0012]    U.S. Pat. No. 5,189,897, issued to Lionetti et al. on Mar. 2, 1993, discloses a method and apparatus for drawing steel wire to produce high tensile strength, steel wire with increased torsional ductility. The wire is drawn through a plurality of standard dies in a wire drawing machine. The cross section of the wire is reduced by a constant reduction of about 15% to about 18% at each of the standard dies with the exception of the final two dies. The wire is then reduced by about 10% to about 90% of the typical reduction at the next to last die and the remainder of the reduction at the final die. 
         [0013]    U.S. Pat. No. 5,402,664, issued to Sarver et al. on Apr. 4, 1995, discloses a wire drawing die assembly which has removable pressure and draw nibs held in screw-together holders. The pressure nib projects somewhat from its holder and presses the draw nib into a converging passageway in the draw nib holder. A lubricant pressure chamber is formed between the nibs for lubricant which is introduced through the front end of the pressure nib. When the draw nib becomes worn, the holders can be separated and the worn nib can be readily replaced. 
         [0014]    U.S. Pat. No. 5,916,323, issued to Bellina on Jun. 29, 1999, discloses a tool suited to the pressure wire drawing of wire rods and wires having a hole passing through it, includes a casing detachably disposed within the casing, a wire drawing nib separate from the pressure die and detachably disposed within the casing and aligned with the above mentioned hole, and at least one gasket between the wire drawing nib and the pressure die designed to make the passage formed between the pressure die and wire drawing nib leak-proof. 
         [0015]    U.S. Pat. No. 6,026,672, issued to Miller on Feb. 22, 2000, discloses a inventive pressure die holder comprised of an elongate hollow steel cylinder which receives a series of dies in an interior cavity. The dies are maintained within the cavity by means of a cap which is attached to one end of the pressure die holder. The inventive pressure die holder is provided with two sets of vents which relieve lubricant pressure within the pressure die holder. The first set of vents is located in mid portion of the body of the pressure die holder in alignment with the dies. The first set of vents reduces pressure between the die pair, allowing the lubricant to flow through the die at a cooler temperature. The second set of vents are located in the body of the pressure die holder adjacent the cap, and allow the cap to be removed from the pressure die holder at the end of the drawing operation. 
         [0016]    U.S. Pat. No. 6,374,659, issued to Bellins on Apr. 23, 2002, discloses a tool suited to the pressure wire drawing of wire rods and wires having a hole passing through it, includes a casing detachably disposed within the casing, a wire drawing nib separate from the pressure die and detachably disposed within the casing and aligned with the above mentioned hole, and at least one gasket between the wire drawing nib and the pressure die designed to make the passage formed between the pressure die and wire drawing nib leak-proof. 
         [0017]    While these patents and other previous methods have attempted to solve the problems that they addressed, none have utilized or disclosed a torsional wire treatment drawing system that improves wire torsional properties, allows for increased drawing speeds and die life by distributing the heat of drawing over two or more drawing dies, thus increasing the ability to remove heat from the system, as does embodiments of the present invention. 
         [0018]    Therefore, a need exists for a torsional wire treatment drawing system with these attributes and functionalities. The torsional wire treatment drawing system according to embodiments of the invention substantially departs from the conventional concepts and designs of the prior art. It can be appreciated that there exists a continuing need for a new and improved torsional wire treatment drawing system which can be used commercially. In this regard, the present invention substantially fulfills these objectives. 
         [0019]    The foregoing patent and other information reflect the state of the art of which the inventor is aware and are tendered with a view toward discharging the inventor&#39;s acknowledged duty of candor in disclosing information that may be pertinent to the patentability of the present invention. It is respectfully stipulated, however, that the foregoing patent and other information do not teach or render obvious, singly or when considered in combination, the inventor&#39;s claimed invention. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0020]    The general purpose of the present invention, which will be described subsequently in greater detail, is to provide a torsional wire treatment drawing system. In particular, the present invention relates to an assembly that allows for increased drawing speeds and die life by forcing lubricant into the system by means of a pressure die chamber and distributing the heat of drawing over two or more working or drawing dies, thus increasing the ability to remove heat from the system. To help ensure that sufficient lubricant in available subsequent to the initial drawing die one or more lubricant pressure chambers can be included in the system between subsequent drawing dies. 
         [0021]    Embodiments of the present invention improve dry or wet wire drawing performance by applying a three or more die system including a pressure die and at least two drawing dies to wire drawing. A pressure-die forces lubricant into a multiple-die drawing system. This lubricant may be a dry lubricant, a liquid lubricant or a lubricant of intermediate viscosity like a paste depending upon the application. When two or double drawing dies are incorporated less work per die and better drawing heat distribution is obtained by splitting or sharing a “normal” reduction between two double drawing dies. The double drawing dies are adjacent to each other so there is substantially no possibility of light reductions resulting in central bursting (commonly about 0.004 seconds between the first and second double drawing dies in the first die holder and less time between subsequent double dies). The wire produced shows significantly lower strain aging which allows for higher drawing speeds and longer die life and results in markedly improved torsional properties. 
         [0022]    One embodiment of the present invention splits a “normal” reduction into two smaller reductions in very close proximity and includes a pressure die and a pressure zone between the double drawing dies. To ensure that a sufficient amount of lubricant is introduced into the system the pressure die is designed to force lubricant into the double die system used prior to the drawing dies. All three dies (the pressure die and two drawing dies) and two high pressure lubricant zones (one in the pressure die and one between the double dies) are contained inside one drawing die holder. As an example, a 20% reduction of cross sectional area (e.g. 4.5 mm reduced to 4.02 mm) may be split into a 12% reduction of cross sectional area immediately followed by a 9% reduction of cross sectional area (4.5 mm reduced to 4.21 mm reduced to 4.02 mm). By splitting the reduction the amount of heat generated remains roughly the same but the surface available to remove the heat is doubled. 
         [0023]    Although the torsional wire treatment system may include a pressure die and at least two drawing dies, for ease of understanding the invention description contained herein will rely on a three die system for illustration. 
         [0024]    In an exemplary embodiment, the torsional wire treatment drawing system may be comprised of a suitable die holder, a pressure die, at least a first drawing die insert and a second drawing die insert, means to prevent lubricant from escaping between the pressure die and first drawing die, and means to prevent lubricant from escaping between the first drawing die and second drawing die as well as a means to prevent lubricant from escaping between subsequent dies. 
         [0025]    For the torsional wire treatment drawing system to function optimally in the simplest example the three dies will be in an interference fit preventing the escape of drawing lubricant. One way to accomplish this is for the bottom of the pressure die, the top and bottom of the first drawing die and the top of the second drawing die to be ground to be substantially parallel when assembled or coated with a soft material like dipped or electroplated copper and ground or ground and coated with a soft material like dipped or electroplated copper or simply coated with a soft material like copper. 
         [0026]    A second method to accomplish this is for the bottom of the pressure die and the top of the first drawing die to be ground to be substantially parallel when assembled, or to be coated with a soft material, e.g. dipped or electroplated copper, and ground, or ground and coated with a soft material, e.g. dipped or electroplated copper, or simply coated with a soft material like copper and the outside tapered diameter of all drawing dies and the mating surface of the drawing die holder be ground to create an appropriate interference fit. On the first drawing die, it is important for optimal results that the reduction angle and bearing (points where the wire contacts the nib) are below the junction of the working or drawing die holder and the pressure die holder. 
         [0027]    The pressure die may be a manufactured from a carbide pressure die, a hardened steel pressure die, a diamond pressure die, a diamond pressure die mounted in a suitable mount, or another suitable pressure die material. 
         [0028]    The drawing dies may be a carbide drawing die, a diamond drawing die, a diamond drawing die mounted in a suitable mount, or another material suitable for a drawing die. 
         [0029]    The torsional wire treatment drawing system may be further comprised of a void area in the exit end of the first drawing die in order to create a second lubricant pressure area. 
         [0030]    The torsional wire treatment drawing system may be further comprised of a void area in the entrance end of subsequent drawing dies to create additional lubricant pressure areas. 
         [0031]    The torsional wire treatment drawing system may be further comprised of a void area in the exit end of previous drawing die and a void area in the entrance end of the subsequent drawing dies to create an additional lubricant pressure areas. 
         [0032]    The torsional wire treatment drawing system may be further comprised of a void area consisting of a space between the drawing dies to create additional lubricant pressure areas. 
         [0033]    In some embodiments of the torsional wire treatment drawing system the mating surfaces of the pressure die and first drawing die may have grinding applied. 
         [0034]    In some embodiments of the torsional wire treatment drawing system the mating surfaces of a prior drawing die and a subsequent drawing die may have grinding applied. 
         [0035]    In some embodiments of the torsional wire treatment drawing system the mating surfaces of the pressure die and first drawing die may be covered with a soft material, e.g. copper. 
         [0036]    In some embodiments of the torsional wire treatment drawing system the mating surfaces of drawing dies may be covered with a soft material, e.g. copper. 
         [0037]    In some embodiments of the torsional wire treatment drawing system the outside surface of some or all of the drawing dies may have grinding applied. 
         [0038]    In some embodiments of the torsional wire treatment drawing system the outside surface of the drawing dies may be covered with a thermally conductive material, e.g., aluminum. 
         [0039]    In some embodiments of the torsional wire treatment drawing system the outside surface of the drawing dies may be covered with a soft material, e.g., copper. 
         [0040]    An exemplary embodiment of the present invention in a three die dry application may be made as follows:
       Providing a suitable die holder, e.g., the Paramount Paraloc pressure die system holder   Providing a pressure insert similar in exterior and interior shape to the Paramount Paraloc pressure die but shorter to allow room for the double die system   Providing a first double die drawing insert in exterior shape similar to the Paramount Paraloc tapered drawing die but shorter and with a slightly larger diameter so that the wire entrance end extends above the top of the tapered hole in the die holder   Providing a second double die drawing insert in exterior shape similar to the Paramount Paraloc tapered drawing die but shorter and with a slightly smaller diameter so that the wire exit end extends near the bottom of the tapered hole in the die holder   Forming holes for the passage of wire of appropriate size, geometry and polish in the pressure die, first drawing die and second drawing die using known standard techniques for such practices   Assembling the pressure die, first drawing die and second drawing die in a suitable die holder, e.g. the Paramount Paraloc pressure die system holder   Using the assembled die as a standard drawing die Another embodiment of the present invention is made as follows:   Providing a suitable die holder, e.g., the Paramount Paraloc pressure die system holder   Providing a pressure insert similar in exterior and interior shape to the Paramount Paraloc pressure die but shorter to allow room for the double die system   Grinding flat the exit end of the pressure die   Providing a first double die drawing insert in exterior shape similar to the Paramount Paraloc tapered drawing die but shorter and with a slightly larger diameter so that the wire entrance end extends above the top of the tapered hole in the die holder. The exit end of the first drawing die should contain a cavity of suitable size and geometry to create a lubricant pressure zone.   Grinding flat the entrance end and the exit end of the first drawing die   Providing a second double die drawing insert in exterior shape similar to the Paramount Paraloc tapered drawing die but shorter and with a slightly smaller diameter so that the wire exit end extends near the bottom of the tapered hole in the die holder. The entrance end of the second drawing die should contain a cavity of suitable size and geometry to create a lubricant pressure zone.   Grinding flat the entrance end of the second drawing die   Forming holes for the passage of wire of appropriate size, geometry and polish in the pressure die, first drawing die and second drawing die using known standard techniques for such practices   Assembling the pressure die, first drawing die and second drawing die in a suitable die holder, e.g. the Paramount Paraloc pressure die system holder   Using the assembled die as a standard drawing die Another embodiment of the present invention is made as follows:   Providing a suitable die holder, e.g., the Paramount Paraloc pressure die system holder   Providing a pressure insert similar in exterior and interior shape to the Paramount Paraloc pressure die but shorter to allow room for the double die system   Grinding flat the exit end of the pressure die   Covering the exit end of the pressure die with a soft material, e.g., copper.   Providing a first double die drawing insert in exterior shape similar to the Paramount Paraloc tapered drawing die but shorter and with a slightly larger diameter so that the wire entrance end extends above the top of the tapered hole in the die holder. The exit end of the first drawing die should contain a cavity of suitable size and geometry to create a lubricant pressure zone.   Grinding flat the entrance end and the exit end of the first drawing die   Covering the entrance and the exit end of the first drawing die with a soft material, e.g., copper   Providing a second double die drawing insert in exterior shape similar to the Paramount Paraloc tapered drawing die but shorter and with a slightly smaller diameter so that the wire exit end extends near the bottom of the tapered hole in the die holder. The entrance end of the second drawing die should contain a cavity of suitable size and geometry to create a lubricant pressure zone.   Grinding flat the entrance end of the second drawing die   Covering the entrance end of the second drawing die with a soft material, e.g., copper   Forming holes for the passage of wire of appropriate size, geometry and polish in the pressure die, first drawing die and second drawing die using known standard techniques for such practices   Assembling the pressure die, first drawing die and second drawing die in a suitable die holder, e.g. the Paramount Paraloc pressure die system holder   Using the assembled die as a standard drawing die
 
In a preferred embodiment a torsional wire treatment assembly is comprised of
   a first wire drawing die with an outside tapered diameter   a second additional wire drawing die with an outside tapered diameter, where the first wire drawing die has a first drawing throughbore for drawing wire, the second wire drawing die has an at least one drawing throughbore for drawing wire   a drawing die holder where the drawing die holder has a front end and a back end relative to a wire drawing direction of the assembly, a cylindrical opening with a threaded peripheral wall extending into the drawing die holder from the front end, and a converging passageway having an upper portion and a lower portion leading from the cylindrical opening toward the back end of the drawing die holder for receiving the first drawing die and the second drawing die, where the first drawing die has a first tapering outer surface larger in diameter than the second drawing die to fit in the upper portion, the second drawing die has a second tapering outer surface smaller in diameter than the first drawing die to fit in the lower portion and where there is a void area of acceptable geometry larger in diameter than wire exiting the first drawing die that defines a pressure chamber which allows lubricant to build pressure between the first and the second drawing die   thread-in means in the assembly for threading into the cylindrical opening and removably pressing the first drawing die into the passageway, where the thread-in means comprises a combination of a pressure die and a pressure die holder, the pressure die holder having a threaded outer surface for threading into the cylindrical opening and a bore in a rear portion thereof receiving the pressure die, the pressure die projecting from the bore to press against the first draw die, where the bore in the rear portion of the pressure die holder leads from a lubricant inlet passage in a front portion of the pressure die holder where the pressure die has a further pressure throughbore for passage of wire stock to the first drawing throughbore and to the second drawing throughbore, where a back portion of the pressure throughbore in the pressure die and a forward portion of the first drawing throughbore together define a first pressure chamber for lubricant delivered through the lubricant inlet passage; and where there is a void area larger in diameter than wire exiting the first drawing die that defines a second pressure chamber which allows lubricant to build pressure between the first and second drawing dies (and is similar for any of a plurality of a subsequent drawing die) and where a projecting portion of the pressure nib securely presses the first tapered drawing die into the tapered female drawing die holder to prevent passage of high pressure lubricant in the direction of the pressure die.       
 
         [0075]    One aspect of the present invention is that it improves dry and wet wire drawing performance by applying, at a minimum, a three die system including a pressure die and two drawing dies to wire drawing. 
         [0076]    Another aspect of the present invention is that it improves wire cooling compared to standard single die or single die pressure systems like the Paramount Paroloc pressure die system. 
         [0077]    Another aspect of the present invention is that due to the drawing dies being in such close proximity to each other, there is substantially no possibility of light reductions resulting in central bursting (commonly about 0.004 seconds between passes in the first die, less time duration in subsequent dies). 
         [0078]    Another aspect of the present invention is that the resulting wire shows significantly lower strain aging, allowing for higher drawing speeds and longer die life resulting in improved torsional properties. 
         [0079]    Another aspect of the present invention is that it may be made from readily available components. 
         [0080]    Another aspect of the present invention is that it may be economically manufactured. 
         [0081]    Another aspect of the present invention is that it may be made utilizing existing manufacturing techniques. 
         [0082]    These and other features and advantages of the present invention will be presented in more detail in the following specification of the invention and the accompanying figures, which illustrate by way of example the principles of the invention. 
         [0083]    There are additional features of the invention that will be described hereinafter and which will form the subject matter of the claims appended hereto. In this respect, before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways for example in wet drawing applications. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. 
         [0084]    As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception, upon which this disclosure is based, may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0085]    The invention, together with further advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following description of the simplest form of the invention, a three die system comprised of one pressure die and two drawing dies (double drawing dies) taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: 
           [0086]      FIG. 1  illustrates an isolated view of elements of a die assembly, according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0087]      FIG. 2  illustrates an exploded plan view of a die assembly, according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0088]      FIG. 3A  illustrates a sectional view of a wire drawing case, according to an embodiment of the present invention where the drawing dies are touching forming an interference fit and a smaller second pressure zone. 
           [0089]      FIG. 3B  illustrates a sectional view of a wire drawing case, according to an embodiment of the present invention where the drawing dies are not touching forming a larger pressure zone. 
           [0090]      FIG. 4A  illustrates a back (looking upstream to the wire direction) perspective view of a female bottom to a prior art wire drawing case. 
           [0091]      FIG. 4B  illustrates a front (looking downstream to the wire direction) perspective view of a female bottom to a prior art wire drawing case. 
           [0092]      FIG. 4C  illustrates a back (looking upstream to the wire direction) perspective view of a male bottom to a prior art wire drawing case. 
           [0093]      FIG. 4D  illustrates a front (looking downstream to the wire direction) perspective view of a male bottom to a prior art wire drawing case. 
           [0094]      FIG. 4E  illustrates a sectional view of a prior art wire drawing case. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0095]    The present invention will now be described in detail the simplest form of the invention, a three die system comprised of one pressure die and two drawing dies (double drawing dies) with reference to a few preferred embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without some or all of these specific details. In other instances, well known operations have not been described in detail so not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention. 
         [0096]    Referring now to  FIG. 1  through  FIG. 3B , a wire drawing case  100  for use in a die box (not shown) is comprised of a die cap or male top  110  and a die holder or female bottom  120 . The male top  110  comprises or holds in place pressure die  200 . The female bottom  120  comprises or holds in place a first tapered drawing die insert  300  and a second tapered drawing die insert  400 . When the male top  110  is screwed securely to the female bottom  120  a first interference fit  500  results from the pressure die  200  meeting the first drawing die insert  300 . A second interference fit  600  results from the meeting of the first drawing die insert  300  with the second drawing die insert  400 . 
         [0097]    Wire stock  900  enters the top of male top  110  and exits the bottom of female bottom  120 , forcing by hydraulic pressure lubricant  800  through the pressure die  200  and into the first lubricant pressure zone  710  under extreme pressure during the process. This same hydraulic pressure forces lubricant between the first drawing die  300  and the wire stock  900  helping to prevent wear in the first drawing die  300 . After exiting the first drawing die  300  the wire is exposed to the second pressure zone  720  further increasing the hydraulic lubricant pressure. Hydraulic pressure from the second lubricant pressure zone forces lubricant between the second drawing die  400  and the wire stock  900  further helping to prevent wear in the second drawing die  400 . The wire stock  900  is reduced in diameter by a combination of a first reduction zone  730 , and a second reduction zone  740 . Wear of the first drawing die  300  is reduced by hydraulic pressure developed in the first pressure zone  710  and wear of the second drawing die  400  is reduced by hydraulic pressure developed in the second pressure zone  720 . 
         [0098]    About a 60 percent of the total reduction in diameter of the wire stock is achieved by the first drawing die insert  300 . About 40 percent of the total reduction in diameter of the wire stock is achieved by the second drawing die inset  400 .  FIG. 3A  shows the second pressure zone  720  is a result of the exit angle of the first drawing die insert  300  and the entrance angle of the second drawing die insert  400 .  FIG. 3B  shows the second pressure zone  720  as a result of the exit angle of the first drawing die insert  300  and the entrance angle of the second drawing die insert  400  as well as a gap  650  between the first drawing die  300  and the second drawing die  400 . 
         [0099]    The two drawing dies in embodiments of the present invention generate approximately the same percent reduction in wire stock as the commercially available single pressure die, single pressure zone and single drawing die Paraloc system with substantially the same amount of heat generated. However this substantially equivalent heat is dissipated over substantially twice the surface area of drawing zones  730  and  740 , thus resulting in an improvement in heat dissipation and wire cooling, e.g. a two fold increase in wire cooling resulting in improved wire torsional properties. Adding additional drawing dies to an assembly yields additional heat dissipation. 
         [0100]    From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that, although specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein for purposes of illustration, various modifications may be made without deviating from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, many of the features and components described above in the context of a particular torsional wire treatment drawing system configuration can be incorporated into other configurations in accordance with other embodiments of the invention. 
         [0101]    Accordingly, the invention is not limited except by the appended claims.