Abstract:
A communication system receives data that does not pertain to an attempted initial establishment of a communication. The communication system uses a new message format under an existing analog Caller ID standard. The communication system inserts the data (which can be in addition to existing Caller ID data) into a Caller ID message that uses the new message format. The communication system then sends the Caller ID message to a communication device/Private Branch Exchange (PBX)/contact center that can interpret the new message format. The communication device/PBX/contact center can use the data to further route the communication to a specific telephone and/or can use the data to display information such as Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates of a cell phone. The data can enhance the capabilities of devices and systems that currently work under the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN).

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The system and method relates to Caller ID systems and in particular to sending data using Caller ID systems and methods. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Caller ID standards using analog facilities are used in a variety of countries, including the United States. Examples of analog Caller ID standards include, but are not limited to the following: IDA TS PSTN 1-A, GR-127-CORE, Telecordia GR-30, TIA/EIA-777, and GR-30-CORE. As analog Caller ID standards evolved, so did the rules which defined the capabilities of Caller ID. In the United States, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulates the information that can be sent using analog Caller ID. Currently, this information is limited to information pertaining to the initial establishment of a call. A reason for this FCC regulation is that toll charges on the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) are not incurred until the called party answers the incoming call. The regulation therefore imposes limits on the information that can be passed to the called party for free. 
     Analog Caller ID standards that are defined for the PSTN send information associated with the initial establishment of a communication such as the caller&#39;s telephone number, the time of the call, the date of the call, the caller&#39;s name, and call waiting information. The analog Caller ID standards also include parameters for message waiting. Like the other analog Caller ID messages/parameters, message waiting information relates to a prior attempt to establish the communication (i.e. a message was left after the attempted call was made). Other information such as test information to determine if the initial establishment of a call can be accomplished can also be sent under current analog Caller ID standards. 
     As a result, information not pertaining to attempts to initially establish a communication is not sent using analog Caller ID standards. This limits the capability of systems that rely on PSTN and analog Caller ID to only use the information that is currently available using analog Caller ID. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,324,263 discloses a system that routes a communication based on the telephone number of the caller by looking up the caller&#39;s telephone number in a routing table. If there is a match, then the call is routed to the extension or telephone number in the routing table. 
     The use of a database look-up, to match the Caller ID to other important information, is well known in the prior art. For example, it is common practice for 9-1-1 Public Safety Access Points (PSAPs) to map the Caller ID information to vital information that is maintained in the PSAP database, notably the street address associated with the telephone number, directions to that location, and the local availability of resources, such as fire hydrants. This PSAP application illustrates an important problem with the current Caller ID implementation: The mapping of Caller ID to a specific location is reliable only for PSTN land lines. It does not work for mobile devices, such as cellular telephones and Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP) telephones (e.g. a VOIP soft phone on a mobile personal computer) that can register to the PSTN with the same phone number from different locations. There is a need for an analog Caller ID protocol that solves this problem, while staying within the scope and objectives of the FCC rules. 
     SUMMARY 
     The system and method are directed to solving these and other problems and disadvantages of the prior art. A communication system receives data that does not pertain to an attempted initial establishment of a communication. The communication system uses a new message format under an existing analog Caller ID standard. The communication system inserts the data (which can be in addition to existing Caller ID data) into a Caller ID message that uses the new message format. The communication system then sends the Caller ID message to a communication device/Private Branch Exchange (PBX)/contact center that can interpret the new message format. 
     The communication device/PBX/contact center can use the data to further route the communication to a specific telephone and/or can use the data to display information such as Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates of a cell phone. The data can enhance the capabilities of devices and systems that currently work under the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       These and other features and advantages of the system and method will become more apparent from considering the following description of an illustrative embodiment of the system and method together with the drawing, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a block diagram of Single Data Message Format Caller ID message. 
         FIG. 2  is a block diagram of a Multiple Data Message Format Caller ID message. 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram of a first illustrative system for sending data using an analog Caller ID standard. 
         FIG. 4  is a flow diagram of a method for sending data using an analog Caller ID standard. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram of Single Data Message Format (SDMF) Caller ID message  100 . Under analog Caller ID standards, Caller ID messages are sent between ringing signals. U.S. Pat. No. 4,582,956, which is incorporated herein by reference, discloses a system for sending messages between ringing signals at the physical level. Publication IDA TS PSTN 1 A-CLIP, Issue 1 Rev 1, which is incorporated herein by reference, discloses messages sent under an analog Caller ID standard. Publication TIA/EIA-PN-4078, which is incorporated herein by reference, discloses the various message formats used in analog Caller ID. One of the analog Caller ID formats is the Signal Data Message Format (SDMF). An SDMF message  100  comprises a channel seizure signal  102 , a mark signal  104 , a message type  106 , a message length  108 , a message byte  110 , more message bytes  112 , and a checksum  114 . 
     The SDMF message  100  is sent asynchronously. The channel seizure signal  102  is typically a string of 300 continuous bits of alternating “0”s and “1”s. The mark signal  104  is 180 continuous “1”s. The channel seizure  102  and the mark signal are used to identify the beginning of the SDMF message  100 . The message type  106  is used to identify the type of message being sent. A SDMF message type  106  is identified by the following values (in hexadecimal): 1) 0x04—SDMF packet header, 2) 0x06—SMDF Message waiting indicator, 3) 0x0B SMDF (Reserved, Message Desk Information). The message length  108  is the length of the message (of fields  110  and  112 ). The message byte  110  and more message bytes  112  fields contain the Caller ID message. The Caller ID message will typically include the date, hour, minute of the call, and the caller&#39;s number. The messages in SDMF are all tied to the initial establishment of a communication. For example, the date, hour, and minute of the call are associated with the time of an attempt to establish a communication with the called number. The caller number is associated to who is attempting to establish the communication. 
       FIG. 2  is a block diagram of a Multiple Data Message Format (MDMF) Caller ID message  200 . Like the SDMF message, an MDMF message is sent asynchronously. An MDMF message  200  comprises the channel seizure signal  102 , the mark signal  104 , the message type  106 , the message length  108 , a parameter type  210 , a parameter length  212 , a parameter byte  214 , more parameter bytes  216 , more parameter message bytes  218 , more messages  220 , and the checksum  114 . An MDMF message type  106  is identified by the following values: 1) 0x80—MDMF packet header, 2) 0x81—MDMF test sequence packet header, and 3) 0x80—MDMF message waiting notification. The parameter type  210  defines the following values: 1) 0x01—Time, 2) 0x02—Calling Line Identification, 3) 0x03—Dialable Directory Number, 4) 0x04—Reason for Absence of Dialable Directory Number, 5) 0x05—Reason for Redirection (reserved), 6) 0x06—Call Qualifier, 7) 0x07—Calling Name, 8) 0x08—Reason for Absence of Calling Name, and 9) 0x0B—(Visual) Message Waiting Indicator. 
     The time parameter identifies the time of the call. The calling line identification parameter identifies the caller&#39;s number. The dialable directory number parameter is the exact number that needs to be dialed to reach the caller. The absence of dialable directory parameter is an indication of why no dialable directory number is present in the MDMF message  200 . The reason for redirection parameter is reserved and not defined. The call qualifier parameter indicates that the incoming call is a toll call. The calling name parameter contains the name of the caller. The reason for absence of calling name indicates why no calling name parameter was sent. The message waiting indicator indicates if there is a call message waiting from a previously attempted call. Like messages in the SDMF format, the MDMF format parameters are associated with an attempt to establish a communication. For example, the message waiting indicator is associated with a previous attempt to establish a communication. The time, calling line indication, dialable director number, call qualifier, and calling name are also associated with an attempt to establish a new communication. 
       FIG. 3  is a block diagram of a first illustrative system  300  for sending data using an analog Caller ID standard. The first illustrative system  300  can be one of many typical network systems that can be used. The first illustrative system  300  comprises communication devices  301 , base stations  310 , a network  320 , network device(s)  322 , communication system(s)  330 , a Private Branch Exchange (PBX)  340 , and a contact center  350 . The communication system  330  communicates to communication device  301 D, the PBX  340 , and the contact center  350  via analog trunks  331 . 
     A communication device  301  can be any type of device that can send data including, but not limited to, a telephone  301 D- 301 G, a cellular telephone  301 A, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)  301 C, a Personal Computer (PC) ( 301 B and  301 H), a PC with a VOIP soft phone, a VOIP phone, a PBX  340 , a contact center  350 , and the like. The base stations  310  can be any device capable of communicating with wireless communication devices  301  such as a cellular telephone  301 A. The network devices  322  may be any device capable of sending information in a network  320  such as a central office switch, a PBX  340 , a router, a server, and the like. The network  320  may be any type of network such as the Internet, a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and the like. 
     The communication system  330  may be any device capable of receiving and sending communication data such as a PBX  340 , a central office switch, a router, a server, and the like. The communication system  330  contains analog trunks  331  that send Caller ID information. The communication system  330  may be part of the network  320 . The communication system  330  has analog trunks  331  that can communicate to a variety of devices including, but not limited to, communication device  301 D, the PBX  340 , and the contact center  350 . The PBX  340  may be any device capable of supporting calls from analog trunks  331  and routing calls to one or more communication devices  301 E- 301 F. The contact center  350  may be any device capable of receiving calls from analog trunks  331  and routing calls to one or more agents at communication devices  301 G- 301 H. The contact center  350  can contain a waiting queue  351  that is used to place a caller on hold until an available agent is ready to service the caller&#39;s communication. 
     The communication system  330  receives data that is not associated with an attempted initial establishment of a communication. A communication can be any type of communication that can be established using analog communications. For example, a communication can be a voice call, a FAX communication, a data communication (i.e. via a modem), and the like. An attempt to initially establish a communication begins when a user/communication device  301  initiates the communication. An initial communication is when the communication is first established with a device. For example, if a user on cell phone  301 A places a call to contact center  350  (initial attempt) and a communication is established with the contact center  350 , the initial communication is between the cellular telephone  301 A and the contact center  350 . After the initial communication with the contact center, the communication may later be connected to, for example, Agent  1  at telephone  301 G after the call was placed in a waiting queue  351  in the contact center  350 . 
     Examples of data not associated with the attempted initial establishment of a communication can include, but are not limited to, Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates of a communication device  301 , location coordinates of a communication device  301 , an emotional state of a caller, a promotional code, a frequent flyer number, an account number, a credit card number, and the like. Instead of being associated with the initial establishment of the communication, this type of data is typically used after the communication is established. Other types of data not associated with an attempted initial establishment of a communication can include a routing code and/or an extension number. A routing code/extension number is not associated with the initial establishment of a communication because the routing code/extension numbers are not required in the attempt to establish the communication (neither is the ID of the caller). 
     The communication system  330  uses a new message format under an analog Caller ID standard. Some examples of Caller ID standards include IDA TS PSTN 1-A, GR-127-CORE, Telecordia GR-30, TIA/EIA-777, GR-30-CORE, and the like. A new message format can be a new message type  106 . For example, the communication system  330  can define a message type  106  of 0xFF with new parameter fields like those used in the MDMF format to identify the specific type of data being sent (e.g. parameter 0x01H for GPS coordinates). The communication system  330  can be a completely new protocol using the Caller ID physical layer standard and completely ignore the existing Caller ID message types  106  for SDMF and MDMF. This will work as long as the receiving communication device  301  or system (e.g. PBX  340  or contact center  350 ) can interpret the new message format. The communication system  330  can define a new parameter type  210  under the MDMF format. For example, under existing Caller ID MDMF, a parameter type  210  of 0x08 could indicate an extension number, 0x81 could indicate an emotional state of the caller, and the like. 
     The communication system  330  inserts the received data that is not associated with an attempted initial establishment of a communication into a Caller ID message. The communication system  330  then sends the Caller ID message to a communication device  301  that can interpret the new message format (e.g. communication device  301 D, the PBX  340 , and/or the contact center  350 ). 
     To illustrate how the first illustrative system  300  would work, consider the following example. A user of cell phone  301 A makes an initial “911” call to the contact center  350 . Prior to initiating the call, cell phone  301 A gets its Global Positioning (GPS) coordinates. Another option would be where during initiation of the call, network device  322  gets the cell phone&#39;s coordinates by triangulation of the base stations  310 . The GPS coordinates/triangulation coordinates, the cell phone&#39;s telephone number, and the caller&#39;s name are sent to communication system  330 . The GPS coordinates/triangulation coordinates can be sent in various ways such as in packets, by time division multiplexed means, and the like. The communication system  330  receives the GPS coordinates/triangulation coordinates, the cell phone&#39;s telephone number, and the caller&#39;s name. 
     The communication system  330  has defined a new parameter type under MDMF. The communication system  330  inserts the GPS coordinates/triangulation coordinates (using a new MDMF parameter type  210 ) along with the traditional caller ID data using defined MDMF parameters (0x01 time, 0x02 caller number, 0x07 caller name) into the MDMF Caller ID message  200 . The contact center  350  receives the GPS coordinates/triangulation coordinates, the Caller ID data, and the caller&#39;s name. After the attempted initial establishment of the call with the contact center  350 , the contact center  350  routes the call to communication device  301 G (agent  2 ). The GPS coordinates/triangulation coordinates, the cell telephone&#39;s number, and the caller&#39;s name are displayed to Agent  2 . Agent  2  can now send help to the GPS coordinates/triangulation coordinates. 
     Other examples of using GPS coordinates could be where someone is calling a travel agent from an airport. The GPS coordinates of the airport could be directed to the travel agent to allow the travel agent to better handle the call; for example, by looking up current flights (based on an itinerary) from the airport prior to establishing the call. 
     As another example, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)  301 C can send routing information (e.g. which one of its extensions to route the call to). PBX  340  receives an initial request for a call from PDA  301 C in which the Caller ID message  200  contains routing information using a new message type  106 ; after the communication is established, the PBX  340  can then route the call to a specific extension  301 E or  301 F based on the routing information. 
       FIG. 4  is a flow diagram of a method for sending data using an analog Caller ID standard. Illustratively, the communication devices  301 , the network device(s)  322 , the communication system  330 , the PBX  340 , and the contact center  350  are stored-program-controlled entities, such as a computer, which perform the method of  FIG. 4  by executing a program stored in a storage medium, such as a memory or disk. 
     The communication system  330  receives  400  data that is not associated with an attempted initial establishment of a communication. The communication system  330  uses  401  a new message format under an analog Caller ID standard. The communication system  330  inserts  402  the data that is not associated with the attempted initial establishment of the communication into a Caller ID message using the new message format. The communication system  330  sends  403  the Caller ID message to a communication device ( 301 ,  340 , and  350 ) that can interpret the new message format in the message. 
     The phrases “at least one”, “one or more”, and “and/or” are open-ended expressions that are both conjunctive and disjunctive in operation. For example, each of the expressions “at least one of A, B and C”, “at least one of A, B, or C”, “one or more of A, B, and C”, “one or more of A, B, or C” and “A, B, and/or C” means A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, or A, B and C together. 
     The term “a” or “an” entity refers to one or more of that entity. As such, the terms “a” (or “an”), “one or more” and “at least one” can be used interchangeably herein. It is also to be noted that the terms “comprising”, “including”, and “having” can be used interchangeably. 
     Of course, various changes and modifications to the illustrative embodiment described above will be apparent to those skilled in the art. These changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and the scope of the system and method and without diminishing its attendant advantages. The above description and associated figures teach the best mode of the invention. The following claims specify the scope of the invention. Note that some aspects of the best mode may not fall within the scope of the invention as specified by the claims. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the features described above can be combined in various ways to form multiple variations of the invention. As a result, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, but only by the following claims and their equivalents.