Abstract:
A charging device monitors charging by detecting temperature, and includes environmental temperature differential compensation capabilities so that a charging control circuit is simultaneously supplied with the output of an ambient temperature detector, on the one hand, and the output of a detector of the temperature of a rechargeable cell in a state of being charged, on the other hand, so that when the ambient temperature decreases, the battery temperature threshold or testing point for determining a charge saturation status of the rechargeable cell is reduced accordingly, while when the ambient temperature increases, the corresponding battery temperature threshold or testing point will be increased correspondingly, thereby increasing the precision and reliability of the charge saturation test results.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     (a) Field of the Invention 
     A Charging Device which derives its Detecting and Monitoring functions from Temp. and featuring Environmental Temperature Differential Compensation capabilities. 
     (b) Description of the Prior Art 
     In a conventional secondary rechargeable cell, the instantaneous charging status, the saturation, in particular, may be determined by detecting the internal resistance of the terminal voltage of the secondary cell that is being charged, or else by verifying the instantaneous negative voltage effect or the temp. rise, for the same purpose, the most common method being the temp. detection approach, the pity, however, is that by and large a charging environment can be such that its ambient temp. reaches as high as 40 to 50° C., or go down below 0° C., as a result the temp. at which the battery cell is being charged would be affected accordingly. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The primary object of the invention, therefore, is to provide a Charging Device which derives its Detecting and Monitoring function from Temperature and featuring Environmental Temperature Differential Compensation capabilities, whereby a Charging Control Ckt. is simultaneously supplied with outcome of detection coming from an Ambience Temp. Detector, on the one hand, and outcome of detection coming from Detector of the Temp. of the Secondary Rechargeable Cell in a state of being charged, on the other hand, so that with a lower ambience temp. prevailing the temp. testing point respecting a charge saturation status of the secondary rechargeable cell will downgrade accordingly, while with a higher ambience temp. prevailing, the corresponding temp. testing point will mark up too commensurably, that in an effort to upgrade the precision, namely, the reliability of the result of testing of charge saturation. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the circuitry embodied pursuant to the invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the invention whereof the Secondary Rechargeable Cell Temp. Detector in the form of an electromechanical normally closed thermo-sensitive switching elements is in series connection with a preheating resistor and a negative temp. resistance coefficient Temp. Detector, then in parallel with power supply; 
     FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the invention whereof the Secondary Rechargeable Cell Temp. Detector in the form of a normally open thermo-sensitive switching element is in series connection with a preheating resistor and a negative temp. resistance coefficient detector, then in parallel with power supply; 
     FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the invention whereof the Secondary Rechargeable Cell Temp. Detector in the form of an electromechanical normally closed thermo-sensitive switching elements is in parallel with a positive temp. coefficient Temp. Detector across a preheating resistor, then in series connection with a Regulatory Resistor, paralleled across the power supply; and 
     FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the invention whereof the Secondary Rechargeable Cell Temp. Detector in the form of a normally open electromechanical thermo-sensitive switching elements is in parallel with a positive temp. coefficient detector across a preheating resistor, then connected in series with a regulatory resistor, paralleled across the power supply. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Referring first of all to FIG. 1, a circuit diagram of the invention, a charging device which derives its Detecting and Monitoring functions from Temp. and featuring Environmental Temperature Differential Compensation capabilities, the essential components include: 
     D.C. Charging power supply DCS 100 : in the form of a D.C. charging source or of a pulsating D.C. charging source; 
     Secondary Charging Cell B 100 : any chargeable/dischargeable secondary cell characterized by a change in temp. dependent upon the state of saturation; 
     Master Control Element Q 100 : composed of electromechanical element or solid state linear power rate element, in series with the secondary charging cell, wired to the D.C. Charging power supply; 
     Drive Control CD 100 : composed of electromechanical or solid state electronic elements, to process outcome of the detection performed at the Temp. Detector TD 100  coupled to the Secondary Charging Cell B 100  and outcome of the detection performed at Ambience Temp. Detector TD 200  whereby a basis is derived to effect environmental temperature differential compensation, and for comparison with reference values, to follow that, the Master Control Element Q 100  will be manipulated under set conditions to set to open or shut or still to exert linear control of current serving to charge the secondary rechargeable cells; 
     Secondary Rechargeable Cell Temp. Detector TD 100 : composed of Positive Temp. Coefficient Resistive Testing Element (PTC) or Negative Temp. Coefficient Resistive Testing Element (NTC) or alternatively of Thermo-sensitive Switching Elements, meant for direct or indirect coupling to the Secondary Rechargeable Cell B 100 , whereby the temp. reading of the secondary rechargeable cell is obtained with which to drive the Master Control Element Q 100  by being fed to Drive Control CD 100  where temp. compensation as required is prosecuted; 
     Environmental Temp. Detector TD 200 : composed either of Positive Temp. Coefficient Resistive Detecting Element (PTC) or of Negative Temp. Coefficient Resistive Element (NTC), meant to sense the environmental temperature of the charging device, with the result therefrom fed to the Drive Control CD 100 , to run a temp. compensation as required, which in turn serves to control the Master Control Element Q 100 . 
     A circuit constituted accordingly serves to bring down the temp. testing point respecting the charge saturation state of the secondary rechargeable cell where the environmental temp. is in a relatively lower range, but contrarily to mark up the correspondent temp. testing point in the event the environmental temp. should go up, this in an effort to enhance the reliability of the testing, and therefore determination, of a charging saturation status. 
     Possible combinations of afore-mentioned secondary rechargeable cell temp. detector and environmental temp. detector are exemplified below: 
     (1) using Negative Temp. Resistance Coefficient (NTC) elements, form a Secondary Rechargeable Cell Temp. Detector and an Environmental Temp. Detector so that once the Secondary Rechargeable Cell approaches saturation concurrent with the Cell Temp. rising to a threshold temp., the Drive Control Ckt. associated in the functioning will respond to actuate Control Means to the effect that the charging current is reduced or cutoff altogether, while on the contrary when there is a rise in environmental Temp, the threshold Temp. for the Control Means which governs the functioning of the Secondary Rechargeable will be upgraded proportionately, whereas when the Environmental Temp. goes down, the threshold temp. of the Control Means in control of the same Secondary Rechargeable Cell will be lowered commensurably. 
     (2) Using Positive Temp. Resistance Coefficient (PTC) Temp. Detector, form one Secondary Rechargeable Cell Temp. Detector and one Environmental Temp. Detector so that once the Secondary Rechargeable Cell approaches saturation concurrent with the Cell Temp. rising to a threshold, the Drive Control Ckt. associated in the functioning will respond to actuate Control Means to the effect that the charging current is reduced or cutoff altogether, while on the contrary when there is a rise in environmental Temp., the threshold for the Control Means which governs the functioning of the Secondary Rechargeable Cell will be upgraded proportionately, whereas when the Environmental Temp. goes down, the threshold of the Control Means in control of the same Secondary Rechargeable Cell will be lowered commensurably. 
     (3) Using Positive Temp. Resistance Coefficient (PTC) Detector, form a Secondary Rechargeable Cell Temp. Detector, using Negative Temp. Resistance Coefficient (NTC) Detector, as an Environmental Temp. Detector, so that once the Secondary Rechargeable Cell reaches saturation concurrent with the Cell Temp. rising to a threshold, the Drive Control ckt. associated in the functioning will respond to actuate Control Means to the effect that the charging current is reduced or cutoff altogether, while on the contrary when there is a rise in environmental temp., the threshold for the Control Means which governs the functioning of the Secondary Rechargeable Cell will be upgraded proportionately, whereas when the Environmental Temp. goes down, the threshold of the Control Means in control of the same Secondary Rechargeable Cell will be lowered commensurably. 
     (4) Using Negative Temp. Resistance Coefficient (NTC) elements, form a Secondary Rechargeable Cell Temp. Detector and using Positive Temp. Resistance Coefficient (PTC) Sensors, form an Environmental Temp. Detector, so that once the Secondary Rechargeable Cell approaches saturation concurrent with the Cell Temp. rising to a threshold, the Drive Control Ckt. associated in the functioning will respond to actuate Control Means to the effect that the charging current is reduced or cutoff altogether, while on the contrary when there is a rise in environment temp., the threshold for the Control Means which governs the functioning of the Secondary Rechargeable Cell will be upgraded proportionately, whereas when the Environmental Temp. goes down, the threshold of the Control Means in control of the same Secondary Rechargeable Cell will be lowered commensurably. 
     An alternative approach is as illustrated in FIG. 2 whereof a Secondary Rechargeable Cell Temp. Detector is composed of an normally closed (NC) type electromechanical, thermo-sensitive switching element THSW 100 , in series with a preheating type resistor HR 100  and a Negative Temp. Resistance Coefficient Sensor (NTC), altogether in parallel with the power supply, to the effect that heat emitted from the preheating type resistor HR 100  is made inversely proportional to environmental temp., thus constituting a compensation ckt. as a function of environmental temp., or still a secondary Rechargeable Cell Temp. Detector may be composed of a normally open (NO) thermo-sensitive switching element THSW 200  such as is shown in FIG. 3, whereof a series connection is made with a preheating resistor HR 100  and a Negative Temp. Resistance Coefficient (NTC) Sensor, altogether in parallel with power supply, in order for heat emitted by the preheating resistor HR 100  to be inversely proportional to Environmental Temp., thus constituting a compensation ckt. as a function of environmental temp., or still as exemplified in FIG. 4, a Secondary Rechargeable Cell Temp. Detector may be composed of a normally closed (NC) electromechanical type thermo-sensitive switching element THSW 100 , in series with a Positive Temp. Coefficient temp. sensor (PTC), a preheating resistor HR 100 , and a regulatory resistor R 100  altogether in parallel with power supply, in order for heat emitted from the preheating resistor HR 100  to be inversely proportional to environmental temp., thus constituting a compensation ckt. as a function of environmental temp., or still as exemplified in FIG. 5, a Secondary Rechargeable Cell Temp. Detector may be composed of a normally open (NO) type electromechanical, thermo-sensitive resistor HR 100 , in series with the parallel of a positive temp. coefficient (PTC) Sensor with a preheating resistor HR 100 , connected in series with a regulatory resistor R 100 , altogether in parallel with power supply, in order for heat produced by the preheating resistor HR 100  to be inversely proportional to environmental temp., thereby constituting a compensation ckt. as a function of environmental temp.; the foregoing description deals enough with regard to the invention. A Charging Device of Detecting and Monitoring by Means of Temperature and having an Environmental Temperature Difference Compensation Function, whereof a thermo-sensitive switching element serves as a Secondary Rechargeable Cell Temp. Detector to function in coordination with an Environmental Temp. Detector composed either of a Positive Temp. Resistance Coefficient Sensor, (PTC) or of a Negative Temp. Resistance Coefficient (NTC) Sensor so that the threshold temp. of the secondary rechargeable thermo-sensitive switching element is raised in proportion to a rising environmental temp., but will revert to downgrade in response to a drop of the same environmental temp., said thermo-sensitive switching element being either of a normally closed (NC) type THSW 100 , or else of a normally open (NO) type THSW 200 , such a thermo-sensitive switching element can indirectly control electromechanical type or solid state a master control element or still, it may itself function as a master control switch in series with the secondary charging cell, thereby in control of the conduction or cutoff of the charging current; what follows is a description of several possible combinations of secondary charging cell temp. sensor and environmental temp. sensor employed in a charging device which derives its detecting and monitoring functions from temp. and featuring environmental temp. differential compensation capabilities according to the invention and composed of thermo-sensitive switching elements, 
     (5) through (8); 
     (5) Whereof the secondary charging cell temp. sensor is composed of a normally closed (NC) type thermo-sensitive switching element THSW 100 ; while a Negative Temp. Resistance Coefficient Sensor (NTC) constitutes the environmental temp. sensor; 
     (6) Whereof the secondary charging cell temp. sensor is composed of a normally open (NO) type thermo-sensitive switching element THSW 100 , while a Negative Temp. Resistance Coefficient (NTC) temp. sensor constitutes the environmental temp. sensor; 
     (7) Whereof a normally closed (NC) type thermo-sensitive switching element THSW 100  constitutes a secondary charging cell temp. sensor, while a Positive Temp. Resistance Coefficient Sensor (PTC) constitutes the environmental temp. sensor; 
     (8) Whereof an normally open (NO) thermo-sensitive switching element THSW 200  constitutes the secondary charging cell temp. sensor, while the environmental temp. sensor is composed of a Positive Temp. Resistance Coefficient Sensor (PTC). 
     In execution, the invention Charging Device of the Type of Detecting and Monitoring by Means of Temperature and having an Environmental Temperature Difference Compensation Feature may be arranged such that charging ckt. elements, in particular negative temp. coefficient resistive elements are assembled into the charging device, or such that elements constituting the charging ckt. and the rechargeable cell are integrated or still, such that part of the ckt. elements are mounted in the charging device while the other elements be installed in the rechargeable cell, the same are subsequently inter-connected with conductor means or junction or plug/socket set. 
     In summation, the invention Charging Device of the Type of Detecting and Monitoring by Means of Temperature and having an Environmental Temperature Difference Compensation Function wherein a Charging Control ckt. is simultaneously supplied with outcome of detection coming from an Ambience Temp. Detector, on the one hand, and outcome of detection coming from Detector of the Temp. of the Secondary Rechargeable Cell in a state of being charged, on the other hand, so that with a lower ambience temp. prevailing the temp. testing point respecting a charge saturation status of the secondary rechargeable cell will downgrade accordingly, while with a higher ambience temp. prevailing, the corresponding temp. testing point will make up too commensurably, that in an effort to upgrade the precision, namely, the reliability of the result of testing of charge saturation.