Abstract:
An anti-peptic ulcer agent which contains as an active ingredient aminobenzoic acid compounds of the formula ##STR1## (wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3  which may be the same or different represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, lower alkyl group or lower alkoxy group but they do not represent a hydrogen atom at the same time) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and a method of preventing or treating a human in need of said prevention or treatment an effective amount of said active ingredient are disclosed.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to an anti-peptic ulcer agent which has as an active ingredient aminobenzoic acid compounds of the formula: ##STR2## (wherein R 1 , R 2  and R 3  which may be the same or different represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, lower alkyl group or lower alkoxy group but they do not represent a hydrogen atom at the same time) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 
     The &#34;alkyl group&#34; for R 1 , R 2  and R 3  contains from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and is straight or branched chain alkyl group, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl. 
     The &#34;alkoxy group&#34; for R 1 , R 2  and R 3  includes a straight or branched chain alkoxy group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, examples of which are methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy. 
     The halogen atom for R 1 , R 2  and R 3  is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The compounds of the formula (I) was produced by the present inventors, and some of them are known to be capable of improving the liver function as well as preventing and treating diseases caused by immunodeficiency (see Japanese Patent Public Disclosure No. 12141/77 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,092,426). Further studies have shown that these compounds also have anti-ulcer activities that are entirely different pharmacological effects from those to improve liver function and immunological function. The present invention is the result of this unexpected finding plus follow-up studies. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Some of the compounds according to the present invention are identified below: 
     
         ______________________________________Compound                Melting Point______________________________________##STR3##               &gt;340° C.##STR4##               316-318° C. with decomposition##STR5##               &gt;340° C.##STR6##               &gt;283° C.##STR7##               315° C.##STR8##               &gt;300° C.##STR9##               270-271° C. with decomposition##STR10##              272-273° C. with decomposition##STR11##              288-289° C. with decomposition10.##STR12##              276-278° C. with decomposition##STR13##              242-243° C. with decomposition##STR14##              276-277° C. with decomposition##STR15##              254-255° C. with decomposition##STR16##              276-277° C. with decomposition##STR17##              &gt;280° C.______________________________________ 
    
     These compounds may be formulated in medicines in the form of salts of alkaline earth metals. 
     The compounds listed above have very low toxicity, and the first six compounds have following the LD 50  values when they are administered orally to ddY strain male mice (5 weeks old and weighing from 26-30 g) in the form of a suspension in a 2% aqueous gum arabic: 
     Compound 1: 2100 mg/kg 
     Compound 2: &gt;1500 
     Compound 3: &gt;2000 
     Compound 4: 3000 
     Compound 5: 1250 
     Compound 6: &gt;2000 
    
    
     EXAMPLE 1 
     Groups of 8-week-old Spraque-Dawley male rats each consisting of 10 members were starved for 48 hours, anaethesized with ether and had their pylorus ligated in accordance with the method of Shay et al. (Gasteroenterology, 5, 43-61, 1945). Immediately thereafter, they were administered the compounds of the present invention intra-duodenally or intraperitoneally. Eighteen hours later, they were killed with excess ether and the gastric mucus membrane was removed and observed under a stereoscopic microscope (×10). The diameter (mm) of the ulcers developed in each rat was summed and the sum was used as the ulcer index of each rat. The average ulcer index and inhibition for each group are set forth in Table 1 below. 
     
                                           TABLE 1__________________________________________________________________________       Intra-duodenal                    Intra-peritonealTest  Dose  ulcer index               inhibition                    ulcer index                            inhibitioncompound (mg/kg)       (means ± S.E.)               (%)  (means ± S.E.)                            (%)__________________________________________________________________________2     0 (control)       4.1 ± 0.4               --   3.9 ± 0.4 .sup.                            -- 50    0.5 ± 0.3*.sup.3               87.8 0.8 ± 0.4*.sup.3                            80.7 100   0.3 ± 0.3*.sup.3               92.7 --      -- 200   0*.sup.3               100  --      --3     0 (control)       4.0 ± 0.3               --   --      -- 50    2.3 ± 0.7*.sup.1               33.7 0.3 ± 0.3*.sup.3                            95.7 100   0.9 ± 0.6*.sup.3               78.0 --      -- 200   0*.sup.3               100  --      --5     0 (control)       3.8 ± 0.4               --   --      -- 50    1.3 ± 0.6*.sup.3               67.1 0*.sup.3                            100 100   0.1 ± 0.1*.sup.3               96.6 --      -- 200   0*.sup.3               100  --      --6     0 (control)       3.3 ± 0.7               --   --      -- 50    1.4 ± 0.7*.sup.2               58.6 2.0 ± 0.7*.sup.1                            48.6 100   0.3 ± 0.3*.sup.3               92.5 --      -- 200   0*.sup.3               100  --      --__________________________________________________________________________ *.sup.1 P&lt;0.005 *.sup.2 P&lt;0.01 *.sup.3 P&lt;0.001 
    
     EXAMPLE 2 
     Groups of 7-week-old Sprague-Dawley male rats each consisting of 10 members were starved for 24 hours and administered orally the compounds of the present invention. Ten minutes later, they were confined in a restrainer cage according to the method of Takagi et al. (Japanese Journal of Pharmacology, 18, 9-18, 1968), and the cage was placed vertically in a water tank at 23°-24° C. until the rats were immersed in the water to the depth of the processus xiphoideus. Sixteen hours later, the rats were killed with excess ether and had their stomach removed. Each stomach was incised along the greater curvature after the surface of the gastric mucosa and serous membrane was lightly fixed with 1% formalin. The diameter (mm) of the ulcers developed in each rat was summed and the sum was used as the ulcer index for each rat. The average ulcer index and inhibition for each group are set forth in Table 2 below. 
     
                       TABLE 2______________________________________Test       Dose       ulcer index Inhibitioncompound   (mg/kg)    (means ± S.E.)                             (%)______________________________________2          0 (control)                 15.5 ± 5.0                             --      50         12.0 ± 6.2                             22.5      100         1.7 ± 1.2*.sup.2                             89.2      200        0*.sup.3    1003          0 (control)                 18.7 ± 5.4                             --      50         14.3 ± 3.9                             23.3      100         9.4 ± 4.8                             49.5      200         1.5 ± 0.8*.sup.2                             92.05          0 (control)                 15.7 ± 1.2                             --      50          9.6 ± 4.4                             38.5      100         1.8 ± 0.9*.sup.3                             88.2      200        0*.sup.3    1006          0 (control)                 18.5 ± 1.7                             --      50         12.1 ± 3.5                             34.3      100         1.5 ± 1.1*.sup.3                             92.9      200        0*.sup.3    100______________________________________ *.sup.2 P&lt;0.01 *.sup.3 P&lt;0.001 
    
     EXAMPLE 3 
     The activity of the compounds of the present invention to cure peptic ulcer was measured as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 3 below. The test compound was administered in the duodenum. 
     
                       TABLE 3______________________________________Test      Dose       Ulcer index Inhibitioncompound  (mg/kg)    (means ± S.E.)                            (%)______________________________________Control   --         3.57 ± 0.3                            -- 8        100          0 ± 0***                            100.0Control   --         3.6 ± 0.3                            -- 9        100        0.7 ± 0.7**                            80.110        100          0 ± 0***                            100.011        100        1.4 ± 0.6**                            60.012        100        0.3 ± 0.3***                            91.8Control   --         2.0 ± 0.4                            --13        100        1.0 ± 0.7                            50.014        100        0.4 ± 0.4*                            78.5______________________________________ *P&lt;0.05 **P&lt;0.01 ***P&lt;0.001 
    
     EXAMPLE 4 
     The activity of the compounds of the present invention to cure peptic ulcer was measured as in Example 2. The results are shown in Table 4 below. 
     
                       TABLE 4______________________________________Test      Dose       Ulcer index Inhibitioncompound  (mg/kg)    (means ± S.E.)                            (%)______________________________________Control   --         12.4 ± 2.5                            -- 7        200         0.2 ± 0.1**                            98.4 8        200         1.7 ± 1.3**                            96.7Control   --         38.6 ± 5.3                            -- 9        200         6.5 ± 3.4***                            83.410        200         3.8 ± 1.5***                            90.111        200         1.2 ± 0.9***                            96.912        200         1.3 ± 0.7***                            96.713        200        11.6 ± 6.2**                            70.014        200         3.5 ± 1.6***                            90.915        200         8.2 ± 3.2***                            78.8______________________________________ *P&lt;0.05 **P&lt;0.01 ***P&lt;0.001 
    
     As is demonstrated by the data above, the anti-peptic ulcer agent of the present invention is capable of controlling almost completely the ulcers developed in diseased rats such as Shay rats and rats with stress-induced ulcer, and the desired effect is achieved by administering it in an effective dose of 200 mg/kg. 
     The anti-peptic ulcer agent of the present invention may be formulated as a tablet, granule, powder, capsule or injection by a known method wherein it is mixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier together with an optional adjuvant. Examples of the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier that can be used in the preparation of tablets, granules, powder and capsules are lactose, starch, dextrin, mannitol, sucrose, crystalline cellulose, kaolin, calcium carbonate, talc and magnesium stearate. For preparing an injection, the compounds are preferably dissolved in distilled water or a salt solution of, say, sodium chloride or potassium chloride. 
     The compounds of the present invention are incorporated in the respective formulations in a unit dose that varies with the age and condition of the patient. For oral administration, the dose is usually from 100 to 1,000 mg/day, preferably from 250 to 750 mg/day, and for intravenous injection, a dose is usually from 10 to 300 mg/day, preferably from 50 to 150 mg/day. 
     EXAMPLE 5 
     (a) Preparation of tablet 
     
         ______________________________________Compound 2 (Na salt)   100    gLactose                46     gCrystalline cellulose  27     gCorn starch            5      gMagnesium stearate     2      g______________________________________ 
    
     The indicated compounds were mixed intimately and compressed into anti-ulcer tablets having a diameter of 8 mm and weighing 180 mg. 
     (b) Preparation of injection 
     A mixture of 10 g of Compound 1 (Na salt) and 9 g of sodium chloride was dissolved in distilled water to make one liter which was divided among 2-ml ampules that were closed by fusing then sterilized at 100° C. for 30 minutes to make stable anti-ulcer injections.