Abstract:
The present invention aims at providing an organic EL device that emits light by an alternating current, has a simple structure and provides little increase of production processes, while downsizing an overall configuration and a simplifying a method for producing said organic EL device. The organic EL device includes a power feeding part and an organic-EL-element forming part. The organic-EL-element forming part includes a plurality of unit EL elements formed on a substrate. There is provided a plurality of series-connected parts each formed by a plurality of the unit EL elements that are electrically connected in series in a forward direction. A plurality of the series-connected parts are electrically connected to the power feeding part in parallel. The series-connected parts that are connected in parallel include a series-connected part that is connected to the power feeding part so as to have a reverse polarity.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to an organic EL device and a method for producing an organic EL device. Specifically, the present invention relates to an organic EL device that uses an alternating current to emit light and achieves a simplification of said device. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Organic EL (Electro Luminescence) devices are attracting attention as lighting equipment of future generations, and have been much studied. 
     An organic EL device is formed by laminating organic EL elements composed of substances such as organic compounds on a substrate such as a glass substrate or a transparent resin film. An organic EL element is a light emitting element that has an organic emission layer provided between an anode and a cathode. An organic emission layer is composed of layers such as a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer. 
     An organic EL device is intrinsically a device that emits light upon application of a DC voltage. Specifically, an organic EL element has a junction of a p-doped semiconductor with an n-doped semiconductor, so that it is a device having a diode characteristic. Therefore, an organic EL element has polarities as described above and emits light only when power is supplied so that a p-doped semiconductor has a plus pole and an n-doped semiconductor has a minus pole and does not emit light in the contrary case. Consequently, when a commercial AC voltage is applied to organic EL elements, the organic EL elements light up at a half cycle of a forward voltage and black out at the other half cycle of a backward voltage, which may cause a perceptible flicker (blinking) in our eyes. 
     Thus, there would exist such a configuration in which a rectification circuit is added to an organic EL device. A patent document 1 specified below discloses an organic EL lighting equipment (hereinafter simply referred to as an organic EL device) provided with a rectification circuit. Though the organic EL device described in the patent document 1 uses an AC source as an external power source, it prevents a flicker (blinking) by a full-wave rectification in the rectification circuit. Further, an integral provision of the rectification circuit with organic EL elements is described as a realizable downsizing of the organic EL device. 
     PATENT DOCUMENT 
     
         
         Patent Document 1: JP 2009-295487 A 
       
    
     DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION 
     Technical Problem 
     However, in the organic EL device disclosed in the patent document 1, the rectification circuit is an indispensable configuration, which inevitably results in a complicated structure. That causes a sense of dissatisfaction that production processes would be excessively increased. Specifically, while the organic EL elements of the organic EL device are produced by depositing predetermined layers on a glass substrate, the rectification circuit is produced by another production process. That excessively increases the production processes. Additionally, the organic EL device disclosed in the patent document 1 requires a means to mount the rectification circuit, resulting in a complicated structure. Furthermore, since the rectification circuit is an indispensable component in the organic EL device disclosed in the patent document 1, it is necessary to secure an installation position for the rectification circuit separately from that for the organic EL elements, which physically has a limitation to downsize the organic EL device. 
     In view of the above-mentioned problems and drawbacks, the present invention therefore aims at providing an organic EL device that emits light by an alternating current, has a simple structure and provides little increase of production processes, and downsizes an overall configuration and simplifies a method for producing said organic EL device. 
     Solution to Problem 
     An aspect of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and drawbacks is an organic EL device including a power feeding part and an organic-EL-element forming part, wherein the organic-EL-element forming part includes a plurality of unit EL elements formed on a substrate, and wherein the organic-EL-element forming part is constituted by a plurality of series-connected parts each formed by a plurality of the unit EL elements that are electrically connected in series in a forward direction, the series-connected parts being electrically connected to the power feeding part in parallel, and the series-connected parts including a series-connected part that is connected to the power feeding part so as to have a reverse polarity. 
     In this aspect, the series-connected parts each formed by the unit EL elements are electrically connected to the power feeding part in parallel and the series-connected parts connected in parallel includes one connected to the power feeding part so as to have a reverse polarity. In sum, there are provided the series-connected parts electrically connected in inverse parallel that allows a plurality of the series-connected parts to alternately light by an AC voltage, thereby substantially preventing flickering (blinking) In other words, even application of an AC voltage to a plurality of series-connected parts without rectification emits light with a flicker small enough to be substantially ignored, so that a separate rectification circuit may be dispensed with. 
     Therefore, the organic EL device of this aspect has a simple structure and little increase of production processes, and downsizes an overall configuration of said organic EL device. 
     A specific embodiment of the present aspect has a unit EL element row formed by a plurality of the unit EL elements that are apparently connected in series, the unit EL element row being divided into a plurality of the series-connected parts, and the series-connected parts being electrically connected to the power feeding part in parallel. 
     The organic EL device of this configuration has the unit EL element row formed by a plurality of the unit EL elements that are apparently connected in series. Herein, the term “that are apparently connected in series” means to have a configuration including a single unit EL element row electrically connected in series. In the organic EL device of this configuration, a single “unit EL element row” electrically connected in series is formed and electrically divided, so that the divided parts function as the respective “series-connected parts.” 
     It is recommended that, in the organic EL device, the unit EL element row receives electric power through a center of the unit EL element row and through both sides of the unit EL element row. 
     Herein, the “center” means a part except end portions and is not limited to a central point. In this configuration, the unit EL element row constituted by a plurality of the serially connected unit EL elements receives electric power through the center and through both sides, so as to be electrically divided into two. Herein, each of the electrically divided parts also includes a plurality of the unit EL elements, which are connected in series, so as to meet the configuration requirements for the “series-connected part.” Further, in the present aspect, the series-connected parts formed by being divided are connected in inverse parallel. In this aspect, one side and the center of the unit EL elements constitute, for example, the series-connected part in a forward direction, whereas the other side and the center of the unit EL elements constitute, for example, the series-connected part in a reverse direction. Hence, the series-connected parts at both sides with the boundary of the center alternately have a forward electric current by application of an alternating current, so that the series-connected parts at both sides with the boundary of the center alternately emit light. In this way, this aspect has an excellent versatility since the unit EL element row formed on a single substrate can be divided at one&#39;s discretion only by provision of the power feeding part at a predetermined position. 
     Further, the organic EL device may have a plurality of unit EL element rows each formed by a plurality of the unit EL elements that are apparently connected in series, each of the unit EL element rows functioning as a single series-connected part and being electrically connected to the power feeding part in parallel. 
     The organic EL device of this configuration makes a single unit EL element row function as a single series-connected part. 
     Alternatively, the present invention may be an organic EL device combining the above-mentioned configurations. The combined organic EL device has a plurality of unit EL element rows each formed by a plurality of the unit EL elements that are apparently connected in series, the unit EL element rows including at least one row that is divided into a plurality of the series-connected parts, the unit EL element rows further including at least another row that forms a single series-connected part, and the series-connected parts each being electrically connected to the power feeding part in parallel. 
     The organic EL device of this configuration includes a part where one unit EL element row is divided into a plurality of the series-connected parts and another part where one unit EL element row functions as one series-connected part. 
     Further, in the organic EL device, it is recommended that, a unit EL element belonging to one of the series-connected parts and another unit EL element belonging to another of the series-connected parts are connected in parallel, so as to form a bridge circuit. 
     In a case where a plurality of unit EL elements are connected in series, electrical charge may be accumulated in the unit EL elements, resulting in reduced life of the elements. In the “bridge circuit” employed in the organic EL device of this configuration, a unit EL element belonging to one of the series-connected parts and another unit EL element belonging to another of the series-connected parts are connected in parallel. In other words, in a pair of the unit EL element rows, the unit EL elements are connected in parallel, so as to have opposite polarities. 
     Hence, when a forward voltage is applied to one unit EL element, a reverse bias is applied to the other unit EL element. Specifically, a reverse bias can be separately applied to a unit EL element located in the center of the series-connected part, thereby preventing electrical charge from being accumulated in each unit EL element. 
     Herein, application of a reverse bias means to apply a voltage to a PN junction intrinsically contained in a unit EL element in a direction opposite thereto. In sum, a voltage is applied so that a P side becomes negative and an N side becomes positive. 
     The organic EL device of this configuration provides longer life of unit EL elements. 
     Alternatively, it is recommended that the unit EL elements each have a part functioning as an anode and a part functioning as a cathode, and at least one pair selected from the group consisting of (1) a pair of the parts that function as the anodes and (2) a pair of the parts that function as the cathodes being electrically connected to each other between a unit EL element belonging to one of the series-connected parts and another unit EL element belonging to another of the series-connected parts among the series-connected parts connected in parallel. 
     According to this configuration, a reverse bias is applied to the unit EL elements. 
     Alternatively, it is recommended that the organic EL device includes at least a first electrode layer, an organic emission layer, and a second electrode layer that are laminated on the substrate, and further has first separation grooves dividing the first electrode layer into a plurality of small pieces, emission-layer separation grooves dividing the organic emission layer into a plurality of small emitting areas, and second separation grooves dividing the second electrode layer into a plurality of small pieces, so that the unit EL elements each are constituted by one of the small pieces of the first electrode layer, one of the small emitting areas, and one of the small pieces of the second electrode layer. 
     The “unit EL element constituted by one of the small pieces of the first electrode layer, one of the small emitting areas, and one of the small pieces of the second electrode layer” employed in this configuration is defined by the first separation groove, the emission-layer groove, and the second separation groove. In sum, only by dividing a piece of substrate by such a configuration as readily-processable “grooves,” are a plurality of unit EL elements formed, which achieves an excellent productivity. 
     In the organic EL device, it is recommended that a part of the small piece of the second electrode layer belonging to at least one of the unit EL elements extends and is connected to the small piece of the first electrode layer belonging to another of the unit EL elements. 
     Herein, the term “a part of the small piece of the second electrode layer belonging to at least one of the unit EL elements extends and is connected to the small piece of the first electrode layer belonging to another of the unit EL elements” means that the first separation groove is filled with a conductive material constituting the second electrode layer. This configuration forms a unit EL element row in which the unit EL elements are connected in series. Thus, the unit EL element row is formed only by filling the first separation groove at the same time when the second electrode layer is laminated without separate preparation of another conductive material for connection. That achieves an excellent productivity. 
     In the organic EL device, it is recommended that the series-connected part is constituted by electrically and sequentially connecting adjacent unit EL elements in series in a forward direction in such a manner that a part of the small piece of the second electrode layer belonging to a unit EL element extends to the small piece of the first electrode layer belonging to its adjacent EL element, a plurality of the series-connected parts being arranged on the substrate in parallel, the adjacent series-connected parts having opposing electrical forward directions to the substrate in a planar view of the substrate, and the small pieces of the second electrodes belonging to the unit EL elements of adjacent series-connected parts being electrically connected to each other. 
     This configuration applies a reverse bias to the unit EL elements. 
     It is desirable that the organic EL device includes at least two rows of the first electrode layers formed on the substrate and electrically insulated from each other, the organic emission layer and the second electrode layer are laminated on each row of the first electrode layers, wherein each row of the first electrode layers is divided into a plurality of small pieces by the first separation grooves, the organic emission layer is divided into a plurality of small emitting areas by the emission-layer separation grooves, and the second electrode layer is divided into a plurality of small pieces by the second separation grooves, the small pieces of the second electrode layer being electrically connected to the small pieces of the second electrode layer that is laminated on the first electrode layer belonging to the adjacent row. 
     This configuration applies a reverse bias to the unit EL elements. 
     It is recommended that the second electrode layer is laminated on an area that bridges over more than one row of the first electrode layers, over which the second separation grooves extend, so that the second separation grooves divide the second electrode layer into a plurality of divided areas, and each of the divided areas including the single small piece of the second electrode layer that includes the first electrode layer belonging to one row and the single small piece of the second electrode layer that includes the first electrode layer belonging to its adjacent row. 
     This configuration applies a reverse bias to the unit EL elements. 
     The second separation grooves each are desirably constituted by straight lines located at shifted positions and a line connecting the straight lines. 
     Another aspect of the present invention is a method for producing any of the organic EL devices as described above, including a step of forming the first separation grooves, the emission-layer grooves, and the second separation grooves by irradiation of a laser beam. 
     Generally, when a semiconductor device is formed on a substrate, a method using a metal mask in which a desired circuit is perforated for masking the substrate so as to deposit desired materials is employed. However, a unit EL element on which a plurality of layers are laminated requires metal masks by the number of layers, resulting in increased cost. Further, another problem is a bothersome positioning of the substrate and the metal mask. 
     The method for producing the organic EL device in this aspect forms desired unit EL elements and unit EL element row only by laminating the first electrode layer, the organic emission layer, and the second electrode layer on the substrate and scribing of unnecessary parts of each layer by a laser beam so as to form the above-mentioned grooves. Consequently, a metal mask required conventionally is not needed. 
     Advantageous Effect of Invention 
     The organic EL device and the method for producing the organic EL device of the present invention provides little increase of production processes and simplifies a whole configuration of the organic EL device, so as to downsize the device. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a plan view of an organic EL device of an embodiment of the present invention, which is conceptually illustrated; 
         FIG. 2  is a front cross section of the organic EL device in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIGS. 3A and 3B  are electrical diagrams showing the organic EL device in  FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 3A  being a layout of every element and  FIG. 3B  being an equivalent circuit of  FIG. 3A ; 
         FIG. 4  is a plan view of an organic EL device of another embodiment of the present invention, which is conceptually illustrated; 
         FIG. 5  is a front cross section of the organic EL device in  FIG. 4 ; 
         FIGS. 6A and 6B  are electrical diagrams showing the organic EL device in  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 6A  being a layout of every element and  FIG. 6B  being a bridge circuit, which is an equivalent circuit of  FIG. 6A ; 
         FIGS. 7A to 7F  are conceptual diagrams showing a method for producing an organic EL device of an embodiment of the present invention,  FIG. 7A  showing a state in which a first electrode layer is laminated on a glass substrate,  FIG. 7B  showing a state in which first separation grooves are formed in the first electrode layer,  FIG. 7C  showing a state in which an organic emission layer is laminated on the first electrode layer,  FIG. 7D  showing a state in which emission-layer separation grooves are formed in the organic emission layer,  FIG. 7E  showing a state in which a second electrode layer is laminated on the organic emission layer, and  FIG. 7F  showing a state in which second separation grooves are formed in the second electrode layer; 
         FIG. 8  is a bridge circuit, which is an equivalent circuit of an organic EL device of a further embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 9  is a plan view of an organic EL device of a further embodiment of the present invention, which is conceptually illustrated; 
         FIG. 10  is a front cross section of the organic EL device in  FIG. 9 ; 
         FIG. 11  is a plan view showing a second electrode layer of the organic EL device in  FIG. 9 , in which areas divided by grooves are illustrated; 
         FIG. 12  is an electrical diagram showing the organic EL device in  FIG. 9 ; 
         FIG. 13  is a plan view showing a second electrode layer of an organic EL device of a further embodiment of the present invention, in which areas divided by grooves are illustrated; 
         FIG. 14  is an electrical diagram showing the organic EL device in  FIG. 13 ; and 
         FIG. 15  is a plan view of an organic EL device of a further embodiment of the present invention, which is conceptually illustrated. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Now, an organic EL device and a method for producing an organic EL device of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below, making reference to the figures. Herein, the description below is utilized to facilitate understanding of embodiments and the present invention should not be understood with limited by that. 
     An organic EL device  1  shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2  is constituted in such a manner that a power feeding part  7  and an organic-EL-element forming part  8  formed on a glass substrate (base material)  2 . 
     The organic-EL-element forming part  8  is, as shown in  FIG. 2 , a part where a front electrode layer  3 , which is a first electrode layer (anode), an organic emission layer  4 , and a back electrode layer  5 , which is a second electrode layer (cathode), are laminated in order.
 
The front electrode layer  3  is constituted by a known transparent conductive film such as ITO (Indium oxide) or ZnO (Zinc oxide). The front electrode layer  3  has a plurality of first separation grooves  11 , which divide the front electrode layer  3  into front electrode pieces  3   a  to  3   e . In each of the first separation grooves  11 , a part of the organic emission layer  4  penetrates.
 
The front electrode pieces  3   a  and  3   e  located at both ends among the front electrode pieces  3   a  to  3   e  function as end-side power supply parts  36  and  37 , respectively. The front electrode pieces  3   b  to  3   d  function as anode-side electrodes of a unit EL element.
 
     The organic emission layer  4  is a known emission layer composed of layers such as a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer. The organic emission layer  4  has a plurality of emission-layer separation grooves  12 , which divide the organic emission layer  4  into small emitting areas  4   a  to  4   e . In each of the emission-layer separation grooves  12 , a part of the back electrode layer  5  penetrates. 
     The back electrode layer  5  is constituted by a known conductive metal. The back electrode layer  5  has a plurality of second separation grooves  13 , which divide the back electrode layer  5  into back electrode pieces  5   a  to  5   e . The back electrode pieces  5   a  to  5   e  function as cathode-side electrodes of the unit EL element. 
     Herein, the back electrode piece  5   b  is positioned roughly in the center of the back electrode layer  5 . The back electrode piece  5   b  bridges over the small emitting areas  4   b  and  4   c . Further, the back electrode piece  5   b  positioned roughly in the center is wider than the other back electrode pieces  5   a ,  5   c , and  5   d . In this embodiment, the back electrode piece  5   b  constitutes a center power supply part  30 . 
     As described above, the front electrode layer  3 , the organic emission layer  4 , and the back electrode layer  5  are respectively divided by the first separation grooves  11 , the emission-layer separation grooves  12 , and the second separation grooves  13  into the front electrode pieces  3   a  to  3   e , the small emitting areas  4   a  to  4   e , and the back electrode pieces  5   a  to  5   e.    
     The front electrode piece  3   a , the small emitting area  4   a , and the back electrode piece  5   a  constitute a first unit EL element  20   a , which is a light emitting element having polarities. Specifically, the first unit EL element  20   a  emits light upon power distribution in a direction with the front electrode piece  3   a  as an anode and the back electrode piece  5   a  as a cathode and blacks out upon power distribution in the opposite direction. 
     Similarly, the front electrode piece  3   b , the small emitting area  4   b , and the back electrode piece  5   b  constitute a second unit EL element  20   b . The second unit EL element  20   b  emits light upon power distribution in a direction with the front electrode pieces  3   b  as an anode and the back electrode piece  5   b  as a cathode and blacks out upon power distribution in the opposite direction.
 
Similarly, the front electrode piece  3   c , the small emitting area  4   c , and the back electrode piece  5   c  constitute a third unit EL element  20   c , whereas the front electrode piece  3   d , the small emitting area  4   d  and the back electrode piece  5   d  constitute a fourth unit EL element  20   d . The third unit EL element  20   c  and the fourth unit EL element  20   d  also respectively emit light upon power distribution in directions with the front electrode pieces  3   c  and  3   d  as anodes and the back electrode pieces  5   c  and  5   d  as cathodes and black out upon power distribution in the opposite directions.
 
The first unit EL element  20   a  through the fourth unit EL element  20   d  are sequentially juxtaposed and constitute a unit EL element row  26 .
 
     The back electrode piece  5   a , which is the cathode of the first unit EL element  20   a , is connected via the emission-layer separation groove  12   a  to the front electrode piece  3   b  (first electrode layer) of the adjacent second unit EL element  20   b . Specifically, the back electrode piece  5   a , which is the cathode of the first unit EL element  20   a , is connected to the front electrode piece  3   b , which is the anode of the second unit EL element  20   b . Hence, the first unit EL element  20   a  and the second unit EL element  20   b  are serially connected. The first unit EL element  20   a  and the second unit EL element  20   b  form a first series-connected part  25   a.    
     On the other hand, as to the right side in the figure of the organic EL device  1 , the back electrode piece  5   c , which is the cathode of the third unit EL element  20   c , is connected to the front electrode piece  3   d , which is the anode of the fourth unit EL element  20   d . Hence, the third unit EL element  20   c  and the fourth unit EL element  20   d  are serially connected. The third unit EL element  20   c  and the fourth unit EL element  20   d  form a second series-connected part  25   b.    
     The back electrode piece  5   d , which is the cathode of the fourth unit EL element  20   d , is connected to the front electrode piece  3   e , which is an end of the front electrode layer. 
     The back electrode piece  5   b  positioned in the center, as described above, functions as the cathode of the second unit EL element  20   b  and is further electrically connected to the front electrode piece  3   c , which is the anode of the adjacent third unit EL element  20   c.    
     In this embodiment, as described above, since the back electrode piece  5   b , which is the cathode of the second unit EL element  20   b , is electrically connected to the front electrode piece  3   c , which is the anode of the third unit EL element  20   c , the unit EL element row  26  is separately constituted by the four unit EL elements  20   a ,  20   b ,  20   c , and  20   d  from the first unit EL element  20   a  through the fourth unit EL element  20   d  that are serially connected. In other words, the unit EL element row  26  is formed by apparently connecting the four unit EL elements  20   a ,  20   b ,  20   c , and  20   d  in series. 
     The glass substrate (base material)  2  further includes internal wirings  31 ,  32 , and  33  connecting the power feeding part  7  with the organic-EL-element forming part  8 . 
     Specifically, the glass substrate (base material)  2  has two power feeding terminals  15  and  16 , which constitute the power feeding part  7 . 
     One terminal  15  of the power feeding part  7  is connected to the center power supply part  30  (the back electrode piece  5   b  of the second unit EL element  20   b ) positioned roughly in the center of the back electrode layer  5  via the internal wiring  31 . 
     Meanwhile, the other power feeding terminal  16  of the power feeding part  7  branches into the internal wirings  32  and  33 , which are respectively connected to the end-side power supply parts  36  and  37  (the front electrode pieces  3   a  and  3   e  located at both ends) of the unit EL element row  26 . In other words, the other power feeding terminal  16  of the power feeding part  7  is connected to the front electrode piece  3   a , which is the anode of the first unit EL element  20   a , and the front electrode piece  3   e . Then, the front electrode piece  3   e  conducts with the cathode  5   d  of the fourth unit EL element  20   d.    
     Now, an external wiring and an overall circuit structure of the organic EL device  1  will be described below. 
     The organic EL device  1 , as shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , receives power supply from a power source unit  35 . Herein, the power source unit  35  is an AC source and has two terminals  17  and  18  so as to generate an alternating current between the terminals. One terminal  17  of the power source unit  35  is connected to the power feeding terminal  15  of the organic EL device  1  via the external wiring  21 .
 
Meanwhile, the other terminal  18  of the power source unit  35  is connected to the power feeding terminal  16  of the organic EL device  1  via the external wiring  22 .
 
     Hence, the organic EL device  1 , including the power source unit  35  and the external wirings  21  and  22 , can be expressed in circuit symbols shown in  FIG. 3A . Further, the circuit shown in  FIG. 3A  can be expressed by an equivalent circuit shown in  FIG. 3B . As shown in the equivalent circuit in  FIG. 3B , the unit EL element row  26  is electrically divided into two series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b . The series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b  are electrically connected in parallel, each having a different polarity from the other. 
     Now, an operating condition of the organic EL device  1  will be described below. 
     The power source unit  35  applies a desired alternating voltage. Upon application of a forward voltage to the first series-connected part  25   a , the front electrode piece  3   a  of the first unit EL element  20   a  becomes a positive side, while the back electrode piece  5   b  of the second unit EL element  20   b  becomes a negative side. At this time, the front electrode piece  3   a , which is the anode of the first unit EL element  20   a , becomes a positive side, so that an electric current flows in the forward direction in the small emitting area  4   a . Further, the electric current flows from the back electrode piece  5   a  of the first unit EL element  20   a  toward the front electrode piece  3   b  of the second unit EL element  20   b , so that the electric current flows in the forward direction also in the small emitting area  4   b  of the second unit EL element  20   b . Consequently, both the small emitting area  4   a  and the small emitting area  4   b  in the first series-connected part  25   a  emit light. 
     At this time, the adjacent series-connected part  25   b  blacks out because the front electrode piece  3   c , which is the anode of the third unit EL element  20   c , becomes a negative side and the back electrode piece  5   d , which is the cathode of the fourth unit EL element  20   d , becomes a positive side. 
     Then, when the current polarity of the power source unit  35  changes, the second series-connected part  25   b  previously having blacked out emits light, while the first series-connected part  25   a  previously having emitted light blacks out. 
     As described above, according to the organic EL device  1 , the series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b  alternately emit light by an AC voltage without using a rectification circuit conventionally having been required. 
     The organic EL device  1  of this embodiment of the present invention dispenses with a rectification circuit, thereby ensuring miniaturization. 
     Herein, as shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , addition of an internal wiring  34  to the above-mentioned organic EL device  1  gives the organic EL device  1  a longer life. 
     An organic EL device  1 ′ of another embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below, making reference to the figures. Herein, the same numerals are provided to the same components with the foregoing embodiment and the duplicated description will be omitted.
 
The organic EL device  1 ′ as shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , the back electrode piece  5   a , which is the cathode of the first unit EL element  20   a , and the back electrode piece  5   c , which is the cathode of the third unit EL element  20   c , are connected to each other via the internal wiring  34 .
 
Hence, the organic EL device  1 ′, including the power source unit  35  and the external wirings  21  and  22 , can be expressed in circuit symbols shown in  FIG. 6A . Further, the circuit shown in  FIG. 6A  can be expressed by an equivalent circuit shown in  FIG. 6B . As shown in the equivalent circuit in  FIG. 6B , the unit EL element row  26  is electrically divided into two series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b . The series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b  are electrically connected in parallel, each having a different polarity from the other.
 
Further, the series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b  are connected via a wiring  34 , so that the unit EL elements  20   a  to  20   d  constitute a bridge circuit  40 . Specifically, the unit EL element  20   a  and the unit EL element  20   d  are connected in parallel, each having a different polarity from the other. Similarly, the unit EL element  20   b  and the unit EL element  20   c  are connected in parallel, each having a different polarity from the other.
 
     In this embodiment, application of an electric current to the bridge circuit  40  applies a forward voltage to the first series-connected part  25   a , thereby applying a reverse bias (reverse voltage) to the other second series-connected part  25   b . Specifically, upon application of the forward voltage to the first series-connected part  25   a , the front electrode piece  3   a  of the first unit EL element  20   a  becomes a positive side, while the back electrode piece  5   b  of the second unit EL element  20   b  becomes a negative side. At this time, the front electrode piece  3   a , which is the anode of the first unit EL element  20   a , becomes a positive side, so that the electric current flows in the forward direction in the small emitting area  4   a . Further, the electric current flows from the back electrode piece  5   a  of the first unit EL element  20   a  toward the front electrode piece  3   b  of the second unit EL element  20   b , so that the electric current flows in the forward direction also in the small emitting area  4   b  of the second unit EL element  20   b . Consequently, both the small emitting area  4   a  and the small emitting area  4   b  in the first series-connected part  25   a  emit light. 
     At this time, the adjacent series-connected part  25   b  blacks out because the front electrode piece  3   c , which is the anode of the third unit EL element  20   c  becomes a negative side, and the back electrode piece  5   d , which is the cathode of the fourth unit EL element  20   d , becomes a positive side. 
     However, as described above, since the back electrode piece  5   a , which is the cathode of the first unit EL element  20   a , and the back electrode piece  5   c , which is the cathode of the third unit EL element  20   c , are connected to each other via the wiring  34 , the reverse bias is applied respectively to the third unit EL element  20   c  and the fourth unit EL element  20   d  that constitute the second series-connected part  25   b  having blacked out. 
     As described above, in this embodiment, while the first series-connected part  25   a  emits light, the reverse bias is applied respectively to the unit EL elements  20   d  and  20   c  in the second series-connected part  25   b.    
     Then, when the current polarity of the power source unit  35  changes, the second series-connected part  25   b  previously having blacked out emits light, while the first series-connected part  25   a  previously having emitted light blacks out. At this time, the reverse bias is applied respectively to the unit EL elements  20   a  and  20   b  that constitute the first series-connected part  25   a    
     As described above, according to the organic EL devices  1  and  1 ′, the series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b  alternately emit light by an AC voltage without using a rectification circuit conventionally having been required. 
     The organic EL devices  1  and  1 ′ of these embodiments of the present invention dispense with a rectification circuit, thereby ensuring miniaturization. 
     Now, a method for producing the organic EL device  1  and  1 ′ will be described below, making reference to  FIGS. 7A to 7F . 
     Firstly, as shown in  FIG. 7A , the front electrode layer  3  is laminated on the glass substrate  2 . 
     Then, as shown in  FIG. 7B , the front electrode layer  3  is exposed to a laser beam by a laser equipment  50 , whereby forming a plurality of the first separation grooves  11 . 
     As a consequence, the front electrode layer  3  is divided into the front electrode pieces  3   a  to  3   e . Herein, a distance between the first separation groove  11   b  and the first separation groove  11   c , between which the second series-connected part  25   b  is located, is wider than distances between the other grooves, so that a width of the front electrode piece  3   c  constituting the second series-connected part  25   b  is larger than widths of the front electrode pieces  3   a ,  3   b , and  3   d.    
     The laser beam by the laser equipment  50  is a second harmonic (532 nm) of a YAG laser. 
     Subsequently, as shown in  FIG. 7C , the organic emission layer  4  is deposited and laminated on the front electrode layer  3  by a method such as a vacuum deposition method. 
     Then, as shown in  FIG. 7D , the organic emission layer  4  is exposed to a laser beam from a side adjacent to the glass substrate  2  by the laser equipment  50 , whereby forming a plurality of the emission-layer separation grooves  12 . As a consequence, the organic emission layer  4  is divided into the small emitting areas  4   a  to  4   e.  
 
Herein, the emission-layer separation groove  12   b  located on the front electrode piece  3   c  has a groove width larger than the emission-layer separation grooves  12   a ,  12   c , and  12   d.  
 
     Subsequently, as shown in  FIG. 7E , the back electrode layer  5  is laminated on the organic emission layer  4 . 
     Then, as shown in  FIG. 7F , the back electrode layer  5  is exposed to a laser beam from a side adjacent to the glass substrate  2  by the laser equipment  50 , whereby forming a plurality of the second separation grooves  13 . As a consequence, the back electrode layer  5  is divided into the back electrode pieces  5   a  to  5   e.  
 
Herein, a distance between the second separation groove  13   b  and the second separation groove  13   c , between which the second unit EL element  20   b  is located, is wider than widths between the other grooves, so that a width of the back electrode piece  5   b  constituting the second unit EL element  20   b  is larger than those of the front electrode pieces  3   a ,  3   b , and  3   d.  
 
As described above, after the steps in  FIGS. 7A to 7F , the unit EL elements  20   a  to  20   d  and the series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b  are formed on the glass substrate  2 , which completes the organic-EL-element forming part  8  of the organic EL device  1 . Without the internal wirings  31 ,  32 , and  33 , the series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b  are connected in series and constitute the unit EL element row  26 .
 
     The producing method described above forms the series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b  only by changing the spacing between laser beams, thereby eliminating masking of the base material. 
     These embodiments described above explain that the series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b  respectively consist of two unit EL elements  20  that are connected in series, for simplification of the explanation, but actually consist of more unit EL elements  20  that are connected in series. Further, as shown in an equivalent circuit in  FIG. 8 , it is recommended that the unit EL elements  20  are electrically connected in a ladder fashion so as to constitute bridges. 
     In these embodiments described above, a plurality of the unit EL elements  20  are arranged in series and a power is supplied through both ends and the center thereof, so that the unit EL element row  26 , in which a plurality of the unit EL elements  20  are apparently connected in series, is electrically divided into two rows of the series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b . However, the present invention is not limited to the electrical division of one row of the unit EL element row  26  into two rows of the series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b  and may divide it into more. 
     Alternatively, as an organic EL device  47  shown in  FIGS. 9 and 10 , a plurality of rows of unit EL element rows  41  and  42  can be physically provided on a glass substrate (base material)  45 , so as to function as series-connected parts and be simply connected in parallel. The organic EL device  47  of a below-mentioned embodiment is recommended in that each unit EL element  60  constitutes a bridge circuit with no internal wiring. Herein, in  FIG. 9 , each groove is expressed by one line with a width of the groove omitted for convenience of drawing figures. 
     The organic EL device  47  shown in  FIGS. 9 and 10  is also constituted in such a manner that a power feeding part  67  and an organic-EL-element forming part  80  are formed on a glass substrate (base material)  45 . Herein, the organic-EL-element forming part  80  is divided into two areas  51  and  52  across a buffer area  63 . A unit EL element row (first series-connected part)  41  is formed in the area  51 , while a unit EL element row (second series-connected part)  42  is formed in the area  52 . 
     The buffer area  63  is, as shown in  FIG. 9 , an area defined by two buffer grooves  72   a  and  72   b . The buffer grooves  72   a  and  72   b  each are a groove formed in a front electrode layer  73  ( FIG. 10 ), which is the first electrode layer, and extending in a direction perpendicular to grooves such as below-mentioned first separation grooves  75 . 
     In this embodiment, as shown in the plan view in  FIG. 9 , the two buffer grooves  72   a  and  72   b  divide the front electrode layer  73  in a planar manner, so that the front electrode layer  73  is separated between the two areas  51  and  52 , which are non-conductive. 
     Further, in this embodiment, the unit EL element row (first series-connected part)  41  and the unit EL element row (second series-connected part)  42  formed in the two respective areas  51  and  52  have reversed polarities (eg., left to right, right to left, respectively), so as to have overall opposite polarities. 
     Similarly to the above-mentioned embodiments, in this embodiment, first separation grooves  75   a  to  75   f  are formed in the front electrode layer  73 . 
     Further, emission-layer separation grooves  62   a  to  62   f  are formed in an organic emission layer  76 . Further, second separation grooves  80   a  to  80   f  and connecting grooves  82   a  to  82   c  are formed in a back electrode layer  78 , which is the second electrode layer. 
     In the organic EL device  47  of this embodiment, only two emission-layer separation grooves ( 62   a  and  62   e ,  62   b  and  620  located in the center among the grooves formed in the two areas  51  and  52  are linearly continuous and extend across the two areas  51  and  52 .
 
Specifically, the emission-layer separation groove  62   a  and the emission-layer separation groove  62   e  are connected with each other in a linear fashion. The emission-layer separation groove  62   b  and the emission-layer separation groove  62   f  are connected with each other in a linear fashion.
 
     In contrast, the area  51  has another emission-layer separation groove  62   c  located at the right in the figure, while the area  52  has another emission-layer separation groove  62   d  located at the left in the figure. 
     The first separation grooves  75   a  to  75   f  are discontinuous between the two areas  51  and  52 . Specifically, the area  51  located in the upper portion in the figure has the first separation groove  75   a  on the left side of the emission-layer separation groove  62   a  located on the left side of the center, while the area  52  located in the lower portion in the figure has the first separation groove  75   e  on the right side of the emission-layer separation groove  62   e  located on the left side of the center. 
     Similarly, the area  51  located in the upper portion in the figure has the first separation groove  75   b  on the left side of the emission-layer separation groove  62   b  located on the right side of the center, while the area  52  located in the lower portion in the figure has the first separation groove  75   f  on the right side of the emission-layer separation groove  62   f  located on the right side of the center. 
     Further, the area  51  has the first separation groove  75   c  located at the right in the figure, while the area  52  has the first separation groove  75   d  located at the left in the figure. 
     The second separation grooves  80   a  to  80   f  are also discontinuous between the two areas  51  and  52 . Specifically, the area  51  located in the upper portion in the figure has the second separation groove  80   b  on the right side of the emission-layer separation groove  62   a  located on the left side of the center, while the area  52  located in the lower portion in the figure has the second separation groove  80   d  on the left side of the emission-layer separation groove  62   e  located on the left side of the center. 
     Similarly, the area  51  located in the upper portion in the figure has the second separation groove  80   c  on the right side of the emission-layer separation groove  62   b  located on the right side of the center, while the area  52  located in the lower portion in the figure has the second separation groove  80   e  on the left side of the emission-layer separation groove  62   f  located on the right side of the center. 
     Further, the area  51  has the second separation groove  80   a  located at the left in the figure, while the area  52  has the second separation groove  80   f  located at the right in the figure. 
     However, this embodiment is provided with the connecting groove  82   a  between the second separation groove  80   a  in the area  51  located in the upper portion in the figure and the second separation groove  80   d  in the area  52  located in the lower portion in the figure. 
     Similarly, there is provided the connecting groove  82   b  between the second separation groove  80   b  in the area  51  located in the upper portion in the figure and the second separation groove  80   e  in the area  52  located in the lower portion in the figure. 
     Further, there is provided the connecting groove  82   c  between the second separation groove  80   c  in the area  51  located in the upper portion in the figure and the second separation groove  80   f  in the area  52  located in the lower portion in the figure. 
     The two unit EL element rows (series-connected parts)  41  and  42  each consist of three unit EL elements  60 . Specifically, the unit EL element row (first series-connected part)  41  has a first unit EL element  60   a , a second unit EL element  60   b , and a third unit EL element  60   c  from the left in the figure ( FIG. 10 ), each of which has a front electrode piece  53 , a small emitting area  54 , and a back electrode piece  55 . More specifically, the first unit EL element  60   a  is constituted by a front electrode piece  53   a , a small emitting area  54   a , and a back electrode piece  55   a.    
     Similarly, the second unit EL element  60   b  is constituted by a front electrode piece  53   b , a small emitting area  54   b , and a back electrode piece  55   b . Similarly, the third unit EL element  60   c  is constituted by a front electrode piece  53   c , the small emitting area  54   c , and a back electrode piece  55   c.    
     Herein, the back electrode piece  55   a  of the first unit EL element  60   a  is electrically connected to the front electrode piece  53   b  of the second unit EL element  60   b  via a part of the back electrode piece  55   a  that penetrates in the emission-layer separation groove  62   a . Similarly, the back electrode piece  55   b  of the second unit EL element  60   b  is electrically connected to the front electrode piece  53   c  of the third unit EL element  60   c  via a part of the back electrode piece  55   b  that penetrates in the emission-layer separation groove  62   b . Similarly, the back electrode piece  55   c  of the third unit EL element  60   c  is electrically connected to the front electrode piece  53   d  located at a distal end via a part of the back electrode piece  55   c  that penetrates in the emission-layer separation groove  62   c.    
     Consequently, the first unit EL element  60   a , the second unit EL element  60   b , and the third unit EL element  60   c  are electrically connected in series. 
     Herein, in the unit EL element row (first series-connected part)  41 , a direction of the electric current flowing from the front electrode piece  53   a  of the first unit EL element  60   a  to the front electrode piece  53   d  located at the distal end is a forward direction. In sum, in the unit EL element row  41 , the direction of the electric current flowing from the left to the right in the figure as shown by an arrow in  FIG. 10  is the forward direction. 
     In contrast, the unit EL element row (second series-connected part)  42  has a reverse polarity. 
     Specifically, the unit EL element row  42  has a reverse polarity (right to left) relative to the above-mentioned unit EL element row  41 , so as to have a front electrode piece  53   e , which is located at a distal end of the front electrode layer, at the left end in the figure.
 
The unit EL element row (second series-connected part)  42  also has a fourth unit EL element  60   f , a fifth unit EL element  60   g , and a sixth unit EL element  60   h  from the left in the figure, each of which has the front electrode piece  53 , the small emitting area  54 , and the back electrode piece  55 . More specifically, the fourth unit EL element  60   f  is constituted by a front electrode piece  53   f , a small emitting area  54   f , and a back electrode piece  55   f.  
 
Similarly, the fifth unit EL element  60   g  is constituted by a front electrode piece  53   g , a small emitting area  54   g , and a back electrode piece  55   g.  
 
Similarly, the sixth unit EL element  60   h  is constituted by a front electrode piece  53   h , a small emitting area  54   h , and a back electrode piece  55   h.  
 
     However, in the unit EL element row (second series-connected part)  42 , the unit EL elements  60   f  to  60   h  are connected reversely with the unit EL elements in the unit EL element row (first series-connected part)  41 , so that the front electrode piece  53   e  located at the left end in the figure is connected to the back electrode piece  55   f  of the fourth unit EL element  60   f  via the emission-layer separation groove  62   d.    
     Similarly, the front electrode piece  53   f , which is the anode of the fourth unit EL element  60   f , is connected to the back electrode piece  55   g  of the fifth unit EL element  60   g  via the emission-layer separation groove  62   e.    
     Similarly, the front electrode piece  53   g , which is the anode of the fifth unit EL element  60   g , is connected to the back electrode piece  55   h  of the sixth unit EL element  60   h  via the emission-layer separation groove  62   f.    
     In this way, the unit EL element row  42  has the connection via the emission-layer separation grooves  62  reversely with that in the unit EL element row  41 , so that a direction of the electric current flowing from the right side to the left side in the figure as shown by an arrow in  FIG. 10  is a forward direction. 
     In terms of the back electrode layer  78  of the organic EL device  47 , the back electrode layer  78 , as described above, has the second separation grooves  80   a  to  80   f  and the connecting grooves  82   a  to  82   c , so that a flat surface of the back electrode layer  78  is divided into four areas A, B, C, and D as shown in  FIG. 11 . 
     Specifically, the area A is defined by an outer line and a line consisting of the second separation groove  80   a , the connecting groove  82   a , and the second separation groove  80   d.    
     Similarly, the area B is defined by the line consisting of the second separation groove  80   a , the connecting groove  82   a , and the second separation groove  80   d  and a line consisting of the second separation groove  80   b , the connecting groove  82   b , and the second separation groove  80   e.  
 
Similarly, the area C is defined by the line consisting of the second separation groove  80   b , the connecting groove  82   b , and the second separation groove  80   e  and a line consisting of the second separation groove  80   c , the connecting groove  82   c , and the second separation groove  80   f.  
 
Similarly, the area D is defined by the line consisting of the second separation groove  80   c , the connecting groove  82   c , and the second separation groove  80   f  and an outer line.
 
     Thereby, the back electrode piece  55   a  of the first unit EL element  60   a  and the back electrode piece  55   g  of the fifth unit EL element  60   g  are situated in the same area B and electrically connected to each other. 
     Thus, the back electrode piece  55   a , which is the cathode of the first unit EL element  60   a , is connected to the back electrode piece  55   g , which is the cathode of the fifth unit EL element  60   g , in the back electrode layer  78  in the area B. 
     Similarly, the back electrode piece  55   b  of the second unit EL element  60   b  and the back electrode piece  55   h  of the sixth unit EL element  60   h  are situated in the same area C and electrically connected to each other. 
     Thus, the back electrode piece  55   b , which is the cathode of the second unit EL element  60   b , is connected to the back electrode piece  55   h , which is the cathode of the sixth unit EL element  60   h , in the back electrode layer  78  in the area C. 
     The glass substrate (base material)  45  is provided with power feeding terminals  65  and  66 , which constitute the power feeding part  67 . 
     In this embodiment, the power feeding terminals  65  and  66  are connected to the front electrode pieces  53   a ,  53   d ,  53   e , and  53   h  that are located at both ends of the respective unit EL element rows  41  and  42  via internal wirings  68  and  70 . 
     The equivalent circuit of the organic EL device  47  of this embodiment is shown in  FIG. 12 . 
     While the first unit EL element row  41  emits light, a reverse bias is applied to the unit EL elements  60   f ,  60   g , and  60   h  of the second unit EL element row  42 , respectively. 
     When the power source unit  35  changes in polarity, the second unit EL element row  42  that has previously blacked out emits light and the first unit EL element row  41  that has emitted light blacks out. At this time, a reverse bias is applied to the unit EL elements  60   a ,  60   b , and  60   c  constituting the first unit EL element row  41 , respectively. 
     Also in the organic EL device  47  of the present embodiment, the two unit EL element rows are formed only by changing the spacing between laser beams. 
     However, since the glass substrate (base material)  45  is divided into the two areas  51  and  52 , it is necessary to provide the buffer area  63  between the areas  51  and  52 . 
     Provision of the buffer area  63  facilitates formation of the grooves by the laser beam. Specifically, in the organic EL device  47  of the present embodiment, the grooves are different in position at the two areas  51  and  52 . Thus, the grooves cannot be formed over both ends of the glass substrate (base material)  45 .
 
Though the glass substrate (base material)  45  must make a rectilinear movement relative to the laser equipment with generating the laser beam when the grooves are formed in each layer using the laser beam, it is difficult to stop the laser beam irradiation in the middle of the groove formation. In other words, in order to form the grooves by the laser beam, the grooves must be formed from an end to the other end of a given area. Herein, with the buffer area  63  lying between the two areas  51  and  52 , the grooves are formed in an area from the end of the glass substrate (base material)  45  up to the buffer area  63  and the laser beam irradiation can be stopped at the buffer area  63 .
 
     Alternatively, in addition to a means to provide the buffer area  63  or instead of the means to provide the buffer area  63 , a method of covering the other area than a given area with an opaque member during formation of the grooves in the given area is also effective. 
     During formation of the grooves in the area  51 , for example, the other area  52  is covered with an opaque board in between the laser equipment. That protects the area  52  from formation of grooves even if the laser beam reaches the area  52 , since the board intercepts the laser beam.
 
Therefore, the groove formation by using a laser beam forms a plurality of unit EL element rows.
 
     In the embodiment illustrated in  FIGS. 11 and 12 , the second separation grooves  80   a  to  80   f  formed in the unit EL element rows  41  and  42  are straight lines that are formed at shifted positions relatively to each other. 
     Specifically, the second separation groove  80   a  formed in the unit EL element row  41  and the second separation groove  80   d  formed in the unit EL element row  42  are located at shifted positions and connected to each other via the connecting groove  82   a.    
     In the embodiment illustrated in  FIGS. 11 and 12 , as shown in the equivalent circuit in  FIG. 12 , the back electrode piece  55   a , which is an N side of the unit EL element  60   a  functioning as a PN junction in the unit EL element row  41 , is connected to the back electrode piece  55   g , which is an N side of the unit EL element  60   g  functioning as a PN junction in the unit EL element row  42 , in the back electrode layer  78  in the area B.
 
Similarly, the back electrode piece  55   b , which is an N side of the unit EL element  60   b  functioning as a PN junction in the unit EL element row  41  is connected to the back electrode piece  55   h , which is an N side of the unit EL element  60   h  functioning as a PN junction in the unit EL element row  42 , in the back electrode layer  78  in the area C.
 
     However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration in which there is provided members such as the second separation grooves  80   a  to  80   f  like a polygonal line and may have a configuration in which the second separation grooves  80   a  to  80   f  provided in the unit EL element rows  41  and  42  are linearly connected to each other as shown in  FIG. 13 . 
     In an embodiment shown in  FIG. 13 , a flat surface of the back electrode layer  78  is divided into four areas E, F, G, and H by the second separation grooves  80   a  to  80   f  as shown in  FIG. 13 . 
     An equivalent circuit of an organic EL device  49  of the present embodiment is shown in  FIG. 14 . 
     In the organic EL device  49  of this embodiment, as shown in the equivalent circuit in  FIG. 14 , the back electrode piece  55   a , which is an N side of the unit EL element  60   a  functioning as a PN junction in the unit EL element row  41 , is connected to the back electrode piece  55   f , which is an N side of the unit EL element  60   f  functioning as a PN junction in the unit EL element row  42 , in the back electrode layer  78  in the area F.
 
Similarly, the back electrode piece  55   b , which is an N side of the unit EL element  60   b  functioning as a PN junction in the unit EL element row  41 , is connected to the back electrode piece  55   g , which is an N side of the unit EL element  60   g  functioning as a PN junction in the unit EL element row  42 , in the back electrode layer  78  in the area G.
 
Further, the back electrode piece  55   c , which is an N side of the unit EL element  60   c  functioning as a PN junction in the unit EL element row  41 , is connected to the back electrode piece  55   h , which is an N side of the unit EL element  60   h  functioning as a PN junction in the unit EL element row  42 , in the back electrode layer  78  in the area H.
 
In this way, also in the organic EL device  49  of the present embodiment, the unit EL elements  60  constitute a bridge circuit, so that a reverse bias is applied to the unit EL elements  60  constituting the series-connected part (unit EL element row  41  or  42 ) that has blacked out.
 
     Here are described the configuration in which the unit EL element row  26  constituted by an plurality of the unit EL elements  20  apparently connected in series is electrically divided into two rows of the series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b  as the first embodiment as shown in  FIGS. 1  and  2  and the configuration in which the unit EL element rows  41  and  42  directly function as the series-connected parts as the second embodiment as shown in  FIGS. 9 and 10 . 
     However, the present invention is not limited to one provided with just one of the configurations in the foregoing embodiments and may have a configuration in which there are provided both a part that forms the series-connected parts  25   a  and  25   b  by electrically dividing the unit EL element row  26  and a part that makes the unit EL element rows  41  and  42  directly function as the series-connected parts.  FIG. 15  illustrates an example of this configuration. The same numerals are provided to the same members so that the duplicated description is omitted because an organic EL device  84  of this embodiment has the same configuration of each member as that of the foregoing embodiments.