Abstract:
A method of producing, by one hologram original plate, hologram tape accommodating a huge number of prepaid cards having mutually different specific codes. The method of producing a hologram comprises the steps of forming an oblong two-dimensional image having random numbers in a bar-code form, preparing a hologram original image based on the two-dimensional image, winding the hologram original image around the surface of a drum( 110 ), preparing a drum-like hologram original plate( 101 ) having minute irregularities corresponding fringes formed on the surface of the drum( 110 ) by an etching technique, rotating the original plate( 101 ) on the surface of a blank sheet( 120 ) to repeatedly transfer the minute irregular hologram original image( 111 ) on the surface of the original plate( 101 ) onto the blank sheet( 120 ), cutting the original image( 111 )-transferred blank sheet( 120 ) into specified lengths, cutting the blank sheet( 120 ) into length that does not exactly divide a circumferential length of the original plate( 101 ).

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
   This application is a national stage of PCT/JP01/02889 filed Apr. 3, 2001, and based upon Japanese application nos.  2000-213978  filed Jul. 14, 2000, and  2000-213989  filed Jul. 14, 2000, under the International Convention. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   1. Field of the Invention 
   The present invention relates to a card having a money payment function, which is called, for example, a telephone card, a prepaid card, or the like, and to a method of recording its money consumption. Further, the present invention relates to a method of producing a hologram tape having a characteristic code. Further, the present invention relates to a method of managing prepaid cards, and in particular to a method of managing prepaid cards, in which a shop computer reads the newest card data of a prepaid card that accesses the computer, and inherits a card use history of that prepaid card stored in a storage unit of a computer of the last managing shop that has managed that prepaid card. 
   2. Description of the Related Art 
   A conventionally used card having a money payment function generally employs a magnetic recording system for recording information. One reason for employing the magnetic recording system lies in that a reader can be provided cheaply, and the system can be simply introduced into a vending machine, or the like. 
   On the other hand, it is inconvenient that a simpler device can decode the magnetic recording system. As a result, forgery of a card having a money payment function is rampant, causing a great loss to a card issuer. 
   To avoid such inconvenience, there has been proposed an idea that an optical identification member (for example, a hologram or a diffraction grating) having a specific reflection characteristic that can not be forged is provided in a card, this identification member is read by an optical reader to examine its authenticity, and sales of an article or ticket is carried out when the card is valid, as disclosed by Japanese Unexamined Patent Laid-open Nos. 3-71383 and 3-71384, for example. 
   It is said that preparation itself of an identification member utilizing a hologram or a diffraction grating is difficult. Further, even if it can be forged, a very large-scale or precious apparatus is required, which is quite disadvantageous from the viewpoint of costs. Thus, owing to this point, it is said that forgery of such identification member is more difficult than the magnetic recording system. 
   As described above, forgery of a card can be prevented by using an optical identification member. However, even if forgery of a card can be prevented, rewriting of information can be carried out simply, when the information is still recorded by the magnetic recording system. Namely, it can be considered that, by making a punched hole in a magnetic stripe in which the information is written, the information is destroyed and at the same time the magnetic stripe itself is damaged. When a new magnetic stripe is stuck on a magnetic stripe formed with a punched hole, information can be rewritten. 
   An object of the present invention is to provide a card having a money payment function and a method of recording money consumption that can solve the above-mentioned problems. 
   On the other hand, under the present conditions, forgery and alteration of a prepaid card are rampant without being exterminated. Now, a dozen or so years has passed from practicing of adding a hologram to a prepaid card to use as a hologram characteristic code. When a hologram is stuck to a prepaid card once, it is impossible to peel it off without damaging it, and its forgery and alteration are very difficult. As a result, forgery and alteration of a prepaid card added with a hologram are almost impossible. Further, automatic reading of a hologram is easy, similarly to a magnetically prepared characteristic code, and information management and handling of each prepaid card can be easily carried out. 
   As described above, a prepaid card added with a hologram is easy in its information management and handling, and has a large forgery/alteration-preventing effect. On the other hand, production of a hologram having a characteristic code is not always easy. Namely, different hologram master plates should be prepared correspondingly to many prepaid cards each having a characteristic code. Using those different hologram master plates, holograms having respective corresponding characteristic codes are produced. To explain this,  FIG. 6  is referred to. To produce a hologram master plate, a flat picture  130  expressing a flat image  131  of a characteristic code is prepared first. A laser beam emitted from a laser  140  is divided into two beams by a light beam splitter  141 . One beam is used as an object beam and the other as a reference beam. The flat image  131  is irradiated by both beams to photograph the interference fringes of the flat image  131  onto a high resolution photographic film  142 ′. The photographic film  142 ′ is developed and fixed to produce a hologram master  142 . Based on the interference fringes of this hologram master  142 , a hologram master plate is produced. A hologram is obtained by transferring this interference fringes of the hologram master plate onto a publicly known conventional material sheet (Details are described in: KUBOTA, Toshihiro, “Introduction to Holography”, published by Asakura Shoten, Ltd.). 
   As described above, when production of hologram master plates and transfer to material sheets are carried out correspondingly to and separately for each of many prepaid cards, prepaid cards become too expensive and impractical. 
   Present invention provides a method of producing hologram tapes each having a characteristic code, solving the above-mentioned problem. 
   Next, a conventional example of a method of managing prepaid cards will be described referring to FIG.  8 . 
   It is known that shops join an on-line data management center  202  as a party for commonly using prepaid cards, and prepaid cards issued by this on-line data management center  202  are used commonly for each shop. In that case, many shops joining the on-line data management center  202  are scattered all over the country. And, the on-line data management center  202  is provided with a management center computer  220 , and carries out data management of prepaid cards, which have been published by member shops, for each member shop in a batch manner. 
   A shop A computer  211 , a shop B computer  212  and a shop C computer  213  illustrate shop computers of three shops out of the many countrywide scattered member shops joining the on-line data management center. The on-line data management center  202  is provided with the management center computer  220  that has large capacity and operates at a high speed. Those scattered shop computers  211 - 213  are connected to the management center computer  220  through subscriber lines  231 - 233  of those shops, a communication line  203 , and a subscriber line  221  of the on-line data management center  202 . 
   Each of the shop computer  211 - 213  daily publishes prepaid cards issued by the on-line data management center, for users, records card data to a prepaid card that accesses to the shop computer in question, and stores and manages a card use history into its own storage unit. Here, as the data, the sales data shown in FIG.  9 ( a ) and the use data shown in FIG.  9 ( b ) are used. Stored contents of card data are shown in  FIG. 10 , and stored contents of a card use history is shown in  FIG. 11. A  card use history consists of sales data and use data. It is assumed that thousand card numbers are published per day, giving 0001 through 9999. With respect to a card use history of an unused card published by a shop computer  211 - 213 , only the field of the sales data is filled in the card use history shown in  FIG. 11 , while the field of the use data is unfilled. As a card is used, the field of the use data in a shop computer is added with entries. Business data including publication of prepaid cards and card use histories is transmitted online from each shop computer  211 - 213  to the management center computer  220  through the subscriber lines and the communication line as shown by one-dot chain lines, and is separately managed for each shop. 
   As described above, business data including publication of prepaid cards and utilization states is transmitted from each shop computer  211 - 213  to the management center computer  220  through the communication line including the subscriber lines, and the on-line data management center separately manages the data for each shop. A prepaid card published by a shop magnetically stores the card data shown in  FIG. 10. A  prepaid card of 5,000 yen has a balance of 5,000 yen in a state that a card user who has purchased the card has not used the card yet. 
   When a card user uses a prepaid card having a balance of 5,000 yen, for accessing the shop computer  211  of the shop A, to input 500 yen, then, the shop A computer  211  performs calculation on the card data of the prepaid card in question, recognizes the balance of 5,000 yen, subtracts 500 yen from the balance, and rewrites the balance to 4,500 yen. Further, the shop A computer  211  enters the date of use: 06301040, the paid amount: 500, the publishing shop number: a, and the card number: 001 into the fields of the use data of the card use history stored in the storage unit. It is not necessary to particularly store the balance. When the prepaid card in question is further used by 500 yen in the shop A, similar processing is carried out. Namely, the balance 4,500 yen is recognized from the prepaid card, and the paid amount 500 yen is subtracted from that balance, and the balance of the card data is rewritten to 4,000 yen. Further, the shop A computer  211  enters the date of use: 06301100, the paid amount: 500, the publishing shop number: a, and the card number: 001 into the fields of the use data of the card use history stored in its storage unit. 
   Next, when this prepaid card accesses the shop B computer  212  to input 1,000 yen, then, the shop B computer  212  performs calculation on the prepaid card in question, recognizes the balance 4,000 yen, subtracts the paid amount 1,000 yen from the balance, and rewrites the balance of the card data into 3,000 yen. The shop B computer  212  stores the card data of the concerned prepaid card, i.e., the publishing shop number: a, the publishing date: 06301030, the publishing value: 5,000, the balance: 3,000, the card number: 001, the paid amount: 1,000 yen into the fields of the sales data and the use data in its own storage unit. The shop B computer  212  transmits online this card data as business data to the management center computer  220 . Thereafter, the prepaid card of this card number is similarly used in the shop A or shop C, until the balance becomes 0. 
   The management center computer  220  of the on-line data management center performs online calculation on the business data transmitted from each shop. Since processing quantity is very large, a computer that has large capacity and operates at a high speed should be prepared as the computer  220 , thus making the equipment costs of the on-line data management center too expensive. When on-line processing is carried out, there arise concentration of calls to the management center computer  220  of the on-line data management center  202  from the shop computers  211 - 213 , and this causes increase of communication equipment costs of the on-line data management center  202 . 
   Further, a shop computer  220  is required to hold and manage card use histories of prepaid cards published by that computer. Accordingly, a computer having somewhat larger processing capacity is required as the shop computer  220 , increasing equipment costs of each shop. 
   The present invention provides a method of managing prepaid cards, solving the above-mentioned problems. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention provides a card having a money payment function, wherein record elements expressing information such as an amount of money, frequency of use, and the like to be written into the card are formed of optical identification members having a specific reflection characteristic that can not be forged, such that the number of the formed and arranged record elements corresponds to a prepaid amount of money. Further, the present invention provides a method of recording money consumption, wherein mechanically damaged marks or optically damaged marks are formed in the formed and arranged record elements, to make those record elements unidentifiable, and to record money consumption by making those mechanically damaged marks or optically damaged marks. 
   According to the card having a money payment function of the present invention, the information such as the amount of money, the frequency of use, and the like to be written into the card is expressed by the record elements formed of the optical identification members having the specific reflection characteristic that can not be forged. Accordingly, it is impossible to forge those record elements. In other words, not only the card itself can not be forged, but also rewriting of the balance, information of usable remainder recorded on this card, is entirely impossible. 
   Thus, according to the card and the method of recording money consumption of the present invention, it is impossible to rewrite information recorded on the card, not to say forgery of the card. 
   It is the object of the invention to provide a method of producing hologram tapes, comprising steps of: preparing an elongate flat image expressing a random number linearly in a form of a bar code; preparing a hologram master of the random number in the form of a bar code, based on the prepared flat image; winding the hologram master around a surface of a drum  110 , and applying an etching technique to prepare a drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  formed with a micro relief corresponding to interference fringes on the surface of the drum  110 ; rotating the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  on a surface of a long material sheet  120 , to repeatedly transfer the micro relief hologram master  111  of the surface of the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  to the material sheet  120 ; and cutting the material sheet  120  to which the micro relief hologram master  111  is transferred into hologram tapes each having a specific length. 
   An even further object of the invention is to provide the method of producing hologram tapes wherein the material sheet  120  is cut into the hologram tapes each having the length that does not exactly divide a circumferential length of the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101 . 
   Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing hologram tapes, comprising steps of: preparing an elongate flat image expressing a random number linearly in a form of a bar code; preparing a hologram master of the random number in the form of a bar code, based on the prepared flat image; duplicating the hologram master; winding duplicated hologram masters around a surface of a drum  110 , being shifted from one another in a circumferential direction, and applying an etching technique to prepare a drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  formed with rows of micro relief corresponding to interference fringes on the surface of the drum  110 ; rotating the drum-shaped hologram mater plate  101  on a surface of a long material sheet  120 , to transfer the rows of micro relief hologram masters  111  to the material sheet; and cutting the long material sheet  120 , to which the micro relief hologram masters  111  are transferred, into hologram tapes each having a specific length. 
   An even further object of the invention is to provide: the method of producing hologram tapes wherein the material sheet  120  is cut into the hologram tapes each having the length that does not exactly divide a circumferential length of the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101 . 
   Still yet another object of the invention is to have a hologram tape produced. 
   It is the object of the present invention to produce a prepaid card produced by cutting the hologram tape. 
   An even further object of the invention is to provide a method of managing prepaid cards, in which data on a prepaid card of a shop that publishes and commonly uses prepaid cards is transmitted to an on-line data management center  202  through a communication line, and the on-line data management center  202  performs data management in a batch manner for each shop, wherein: a shop computer reads card data of a prepaid card that accesses to said shop computer, and inherits data management of a shop computer that managed said prepaid card in a last time through the communication line. 
   It is the object of the invention to provide the method of managing prepaid cards wherein a managing shop number for identifying a shop computer that manages a card use history of a prepaid card is recorded in said prepaid card and in a storage unit of the shop computer. 
   It is the further object of the invention to provide the method of managing prepaid cards wherein a shop computer reads card data of a prepaid card that accesses said shop computer, updates a managing shop number recorded in said prepaid card into a managing shop number of said shop computer, and deletes a card use history recorded in a last shop computer through the communication line. 
   It is the object of the invention to provide the method of managing prepaid cards wherein a shop computer recognizes a managing shop number from card data of a prepaid card that accesses said shop computer, accesses a shop computer of a shop corresponding to a result of recognition through the communication line, to inherit a card use history of said prepaid card into a storage unit of its own shop, deletes the card use history of said prepaid card from a storage unit of the shop computer of the recognized shop, and updates the managing shop number of said prepaid card to the managing shop number of its own shop. 
   It is a further object of the invention to provid the method of managing prepaid cards wherein a balance in card data of a prepaid card that accesses a shop computer is tested referring to a card use history in a storage unit that has inherited a shop computer of a last shop in which said prepaid card was used. 
   It is the object of the invention to provide the method of managing prepaid cards wherein a shop computer transmits business data including publishing and utilization states of prepaid cards to a management center computer once a day at a predetermined time. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is a plan view showing an embodiment according to the present invention. 
       FIG. 2  is a plan view showing a variation according to the present invention. 
       FIG. 3  is a plan view showing another variation according to the present invention. 
       FIG. 4  is a plan view showing still another variation according to the present invention. 
       FIG. 5  is a view explaining an embodiment. 
       FIG. 6  is a view explaining a master for a hologram. 
       FIG. 7  is a diagram explaining an embodiment. 
       FIG. 8  is a diagram explaining a conventional example. 
       FIG. 9  is a diagram explaining sales data and use data. 
       FIG. 10  is a diagram explaining card data. 
       FIG. 11  is a diagram explaining card use history. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
   Now, the present invention will be described in detail referring to the attached drawings. 
     FIG. 1  shows an embodiment of a card having a money paying function according to the present invention. In the figure, the reference numeral  10  refers to a card. A conventional card having any form may be used as this card  10 . The reference numeral  11  refers to a record element formed on a surface of this card  10 . This record element  11  is formed in a shape of, for example, about 2*3 millimeters, and such record elements  11  are formed in a required number and, for example, along a long side of the card  10 . The number of the formation corresponds to the amount of money that a user paid for purchasing the card. The record element  11  is made of an optical identification member utilizing a hologram or a diffraction grating known in the above-mentioned publicly known document or the like. Inside the optical identification member, is illustrated a pattern, a symbol, or the like for identifying the authorized card. This pattern or symbol for identification is read by an optical reading means, to judge if the card is an authorized one or not. 
   Further, as the optical identification member, may be used an optical record medium for a compact disk called such as CD, or an optical record medium for a write once disk called WORM. When such optical record medium is used, each record element  11  is written in advance with an ID number for identification of a true card or an amount of money assigned to each record element  11  according to the order of its position. 
   This embodiment is described assuming a prepaid card used in a pinball house as one embodiment of a mode of using the card. In a pinball house, balls for one game are generally rented for 500 yen. Accordingly, one record element  11  corresponds to the rental value of one-game balls. Several kinds of cards  10  including, for example, a 10,000 yen card, a 5,000 yen card, a 3,000 yen card, etc. are prepared. Thus, each card is formed with record elements  11 , the number of which corresponds to the value of the card. In the example shown in  FIG. 1 , twenty record elements  11  are formed in a 10,000 yen card.  FIG. 2  shows a 5,000 yen card formed with ten record elements  11 . Along the line of the record elements  11 , the numbers 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 are added for expressing remaining amounts of money. For example, the number 2.5 expresses 2,500 yen. The card  10  is provided with a conventional magnetic stripe  12 . The magnetic stripe  12  records the selling date, an identification number expressing the shop that sold the card, and the like. 
   In the method of recording money consumption according to the present invention, the record elements  11  are formed of identification members, such as holograms, diffraction gratings, or optical record media, having the specific reflection characteristic that can be identified by an optical identification means, and a mechanically damaged mark or an optically damaged mark  13  is formed in a record element  11  to make the record element  11  unidentifiable. In the examples shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , mechanically damaged marks are applied using a punched hole as a mechanically damaged mark  13 . When the size of a punched hole is decided to have a diameter that can remove a main identification part of the shape of the record element  11 , the record element  11  can be damaged into an unidentifiable state. In the shown examples, mechanically damaged marks  13  are formed from the side of the highest value of the numbers expressing the remaining amounts of money, according to money consumption, so that the indicated value of the remaining amount can be directly read. Here, as another method of damaging the record element  11 , the record element  11  may be shaved off. 
   When the optical record medium is used, a laser beam or the like is used to optically damage the record element  11 . When an optically damaged mark can not be observed visually, a punched hole may be provided in an upper position so that the remaining amount can be directly read. 
     FIG. 3  shows another embodiment according to the present invention. In this embodiment, a plurality of lines of record elements  11  are provided, and amount of money for each record element has a different value for each line. For example, when 500 yen is allotted to each record element in the line A, 100 yen in the line B, and 10 yen in the line C, it is possible to pay a fraction in 10 yen. As a result, it can be considered that the card is used as a telephone card or as a card for purchasing a passenger ticket. 
   In the above embodiments, the record elements  11  are separately formed one by one. However, as shown in  FIG. 4 , the record elements  11  may be formed continuously. In this case, each part of the record element  11  may be enclosed by a frame by printing, to distinguish each record element  11 . 
   Next, will be described one of the best modes of the method of producing a hologram tape according to the present invention. 
   FIG.  5 ( a ) is a view explaining production of a hologram tape by applying a drum-shaped hologram master plate to a hologram material sheet, and FIG.  5 ( b ) is a view showing a cross section of the hologram tape. 
   To produce the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101 , a tape-shaped elongate flat image expressing a characteristic code is made, similarly to the conventional examples. This flat image uses a random number as the characteristic code and expresses it linearly in the form of a bar code. Then, a laser beam is divided into two beams, to use one as an object beam and the other as a reference beam. Both beams are applied to the linearly-expressed flat image in the bar code form, to photograph it in the form of interference fringes into non-exposed high resolution photographic film. Then, the film is subject to a developing process, to produce a hologram master having a random number characteristic code in the form of a bar code. Based on the interference fringes of the hologram master, the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  of the present invention is formed on its surface with micro relief corresponding to the interference fringes. In the following, will be described a method of forming the extremely fine relief, which corresponds to the interference fringes of the hologram master, on the surface of a drum  110 . 
   A drum  110  having a perfect circle cross section is prepared, and high resolution sensitive emulsion film is formed by deposition all over the surface of the drum  110 . Next, the surface of this drum  110  is wound with the tape-shaped elongate hologram master that has been prepared previously. Then, the sensitive emulsion film is exposed through this hologram master, to print the interference fringes of the hologram master. Then, the surface of the drum that has been printed with the interference fringes of the hologram master is etched to produce the drum-shaped hologram master plate  110 . The drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  is designed and produced such that the circumferential length of the surface of the drum  110  is equal to the total length of the hologram master. As a result, the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  is formed with the random number characteristic code in the form of a gapless bar code along the circumferential direction. 
   Now, a method of producing a hologram tape will be described. 
   For producing a hologram tape, a long material sheet  120  is prepared. The material sheet  120  comprises a bottom layer of peel-off paper  121 , an adhesive layer  122  formed on the upper surface of the peel-off paper  121 , a reflective film  123  formed by vapor deposition on the upper surface of the adhesive layer  122 , and an emboss film  124  formed by vapor deposition on the upper surface of the reflective film  123 . Each the reflective film  123  and emboss film  124  is formed as a thin film by deposition of metallic material or metallic oxide material, and has sufficient optical transparency. Further, a topcoat  125  and a carrier  126  are formed later to protect the emboss film  124 . 
   The surface of the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  is formed with the micro relief hologram master  111 . Accordingly, by rotating the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  on the surface of the long material sheet  120 , the micro relief hologram master  111  is embossed and transferred to the emboss film  124  of the material sheet  120 , forming the random number characteristic code in the form of a gapless bar code. The micro relief hologram master  111  on the surface of the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  is repeatedly transferred to the long material sheet  120  to the end of the sheet length. Here, the topcoat  125  and the carrier  126  are formed after the transfer. 
   According to the present invention, when the material sheet  120  are cut into tapes of the specific length that does not exactly divide the circumferential length of the drum-shaped hologram master plate, one hologram master plate can produce many hologram tapes each having different characteristic code. In the following, description will be given employing numerical examples. 
   It is assumed that the circumferential length of the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  is 80 cm, and the specific length of a hologram tape to attach to a prepaid card is 7 cm. Namely, in relation to the circumferential length of 80 cm of the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101 , the material sheet  120  is cut into pieces of the specific length of 7 cm that does not exactly divide 80 cm. When the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  having the circumferential length of 80 cm makes one rotation, the material sheet  120  of 80 cm is formed, which can not be exactly divided by 7 cm. Noting the boundary between the end of the first rotation of the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  and the starting end of its second rotation, the material sheet  120  of 80 cm formed by the first rotation is short by 4 cm for taking 12 pieces of hologram tapes of 7 cm from the material sheet  120  by cutting it. However, going up to 4 cm into the material sheet  120  of 80 cm formed by the second successive rotation, 12 pieces of hologram tapes can be obtained. With respect to the material sheet  120  formed by the second rotation, the first hologram tape is cut, with its starting point being spaced 4 cm apart from the starting end of the second rotation. Since this first hologram tape of 7 cm, whose cutting is measured from the position spaced 4 cm apart from the starting end of the second rotation, is different in its starting point from the first hologram tape that is cut from the material sheet  120  formed by the first rotation, those tapes have different characteristic codes from each other. With respect to the material sheet  120  formed by third rotation, the first hologram tape is cut with its starting point being spaced 8 cm apart from the starting end of the third rotation. Thus, the origin of the cutting is spaced 8 cm apart from the starting end, and is different, of course, from the starting end itself and from the point spaced 4 cm apart from the starting point. Accordingly, the first hologram tape obtained from the material sheet  120  formed by the third rotation has different characteristic code from both the previously mentioned first hologram tapes, also. After this and up to the material sheet  120  formed by the 20th rotation, the origin of cutting of a first hologram tape is different from any of the previous first hologram tapes, and accordingly, its characteristic code also is different from the characteristic codes of those previous tapes. Also, with respect to second hologram tapes, their starting points are different from one another, and accordingly, every second hologram tape has a different characteristic code from the others. The same can be said with respect to third and following hologram tapes. In this example, when the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  is rotated twenty times, the initial state of ration is restored, which means that one drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  is used equivalently to twenty different drum-shaped hologram master plates. After all, this embodiment obtains 240 hologram tapes of 7 cm, each having a different characteristic code from the others. 
   In the above embodiment, only one tape-shaped elongate hologram master is wound around the surface of the drum  110 , to produce the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  formed with a row of micro relief hologram master. Here, when a tape-shaped elongate hologram master is duplicated, and rows of duplicated hologram masters are wound around the surface of the drum  110  parallel to each other, being shifted from one another in the circumferential direction, a drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  formed with rows of micro relief hologram masters is produced. By winding a micro relief hologram master consisting of a plurality of same hologram masters circumferentially shifted from each other around the surface of the drum  110 , by applying the etching technology to produce the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  formed with rows of micro reliefs corresponding to interference fringes, and by rotating this drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  on the surface of a long material sheet  120 , rows of different micro relief hologram masters  111  are embossed and transferred to the emboss film  124  of the material sheet  120 , forming random number characteristic codes in the form of gapless bar codes. The micro relief hologram master  111  on the surface of the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  is repeatedly transferred to the long material sheet  120  to the end of the sheet length. 
   As described above, many pieces of hologram tapes can be produced at once by preparing a row of a tape-shaped elongate flat image expressing a characteristic code, by making a row of hologram master based on this image, by duplicating this hologram master, by producing the drum-shaped hologram master plate  101  formed with rows of micro relief hologram masters on its surface, by using this hologram master plate  101  to transfer the micro relief hologram masters onto the long material sheet  120 , and by cutting this long material sheet  120  into pieces of the specific length. Further, by cutting the hologram material sheet, which has been produced by one hologram master plate, into pieces each having the specific length required for a prepaid card, hologram tapes that have different characteristic codes from one another and correspond to many prepaid cards can be produced. 
   Next, one of the best modes of the method of managing prepaid cards according to the present invention will be described referring to FIG.  7 . In this embodiment, members common to the conventional example have common reference numerals. 
   In the conventional example, shop computers  211 - 213  of respective shops each perform data exchange with the management center computer  220  of the on-line data management center  202 , being connected through the communication line  203 . However, the shops have no relation to one another, and each shop is independent not performing data exchange with the other shops. On the other hand, according to the present invention, the shop computer  211 - 213  of each shop not only performs data exchange with the management center computer  220  of the on-line data management center  202  being connected through the communication line  203 , but also performs data exchange with one another between the shops, as shown by one-dot chain lines. 
   Each of the shop computers  211 - 213  daily publishes prepaid cards issued by the on-line data management center  202 , records card data onto a prepaid card used by accessing the computer, and stores and manages a use history of this prepaid card in a storage unit provided to the computer. Business data including publication and utilization states of prepaid cards is sent by each shop computer  211 - 213  to the management center computer  220  of the on-line data management center  202  through the communication line  203 , once a day at a predetermined time. The management center computer  220  calculates and aggregates the data to obtain accurate total sales for each shop. 
   In this embodiment, a prepaid card is provided with a managing shop number in the form of magnetic data, in addition to the above-mentioned card data. This managing shop number indicates a shop computer of a shop in which the prepaid card is used in the last, meaning that prepaid card is managed by the shop of the managing shop number. In publishing a prepaid card, each shop records a managing shop number in the form of magnetic data into the prepaid card published. 
   When a 5,000 yen prepaid card is published and recorded with the above-mentioned card data by the shop A, the managing shop number a of the A shop is recorded in the card. In a state that a card user who purchased the card has not used the card, the unused balance is 5,000 yen. The use history of this card is recorded in a storage unit of the shop A computer  211 . 
   When the card user accesses the shop A computer  211  using the prepaid card having the balance of 5,000 yen, to input 500 yen, then, the shop A computer  211  reads the card data of that prepaid card to recognize the managing shop number a. Thus, the shop A computer  211  recognizes that the shop A manages the prepaid card in question. Then, the shop A computer  211  performs calculation of that prepaid card, reads the balance from the card data, and, at the same time, refers to the balance held in the card use history in the storage unit of the shop A, which is the managing shop of that prepaid card, through the communication line, to test the balance of the prepaid card. The result of the test is valid, and then, the recognized balance 5,000 yen is compared with the input amount 500 yen, to find that the balance is larger than the input amount. Then, the balance 4,500 yen obtained by subtracting the paid amount 500 yen is recorded into the prepaid card in question. The shop A computer  211  rewrite the balance of that prepaid card from 5,000 yen to 4,500 yen, and adds use data of the paid amount 500 yen to the card use history in the storage unit of the shop A computer  211 . When that prepaid card is further used for inputting 500 yen at the shop A, the shop A computer  211  performs the similar operation, further adds the use data of the paid amount 500 yen of this time to the card use history, and rewrites the balance of the prepaid card to 4,000 yen. 
   When the above-mentioned prepaid card is used for accessing the shop computer  212  of the shop B to input 1,000 yen, then, the shop B computer  212  reads the card data of the prepaid card, recognizes the managing shop number a, and recognizes that the shop A has managed the prepaid card immediately before. Based on this recognition result, the shop B computer  212  accesses the shop computer  211  of the shop A, which has managed the prepaid card immediately before, through the communication line, to inherit the card use history of that prepaid card, and to update the managing shop number a into the managing shop number b of its own. By this inheriting, the data on the prepaid card in question is entirely deleted from the storage unit of the shop computer  211  of the shop A. Similarly to the above, the shop B computer  212  performs calculation on the prepaid card in question, reads the balance, and refers to the card use history in the storage unit that inherits the data from the shop A, to test the balance of the prepaid card. The result of the test is valid, and the recognized balance is 4, 000 yen, from which the paid amount 1,000 yen is subtracted. The use data of the paid amount 1,000 of this time is added to the card use history in the storage unit of the shop B computer  212 , and the balance of this prepaid card is rewritten to 3,000 yen. Thereafter, the prepaid card of this card number is similarly used in the shop A or shop C, until the balance becomes 0. 
   An altered prepaid card may be used, by rewriting the balance held in the card data. In that case, when that prepaid accesses a shop computer, the balance of that prepaid card is first tested by referring to the use data in the card use history stored in the storage unit that has inherited the data from the last shop where the card has been used, including the storage unit of the shop that published that prepaid card. Based on the test result, forgery by rewriting of the balance can be exposed. 
   Symbols used in the drawings are listed as follows.
       10  card     11  record element     12  magnetic stripe     13  mechanically damaged mark     101  drum-shaped hologram master plate     110  drum     111  micro relief hologram master     120  material sheet     121  peel-off paper     122  adhesive layer     123  reflective film     124  emboss film     125  topcoat     126  carrier     130  flat picture     131  flat image     140  laser     141  light beam splitter     142  hologram master     142 ′ photographic film     202  on-line data management center     203  communication line     211  shop A computer     212  shop B computer     213  shop C computer     220  management center computer     221  management center subscriber line     231  shop A subscriber line     232  shop B subscriber line     233  shop C subscriber line   

   INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY 
   As described above, according to the card having a money payment function and the method of recording money consumption of the present invention, the record elements  11  for recording the amount of money are each made of an identification member that can be hardly forged such as a hologram or a diffraction grating. Accordingly, to say nothing of forgery of the card, rewriting of information is entirely impossible. Thus, the present invention largely contributes to support the social order. 
   Further, according to the method of producing a hologram tape having a characteristic code of the present invention, it is possible to produce a long hologram material sheet without a gap, to which a micro relief hologram master is transferred. Thus, waste discard of an unused hologram part can be omitted, decreasing production costs of hologram tapes. Further, by cutting the hologram material sheet produced by one hologram master plate into pieces each having the specific length required for a prepaid card, hologram tapes that have different characteristic codes from one another and correspond to many prepaid cards can be produced. 
   Further, according to the method of managing prepaid cards of the present invention, business data including publishing and utilization states of prepaid cards is transmitted from each shop computer to the management center computer through its subscriber line, the communication line, and the subscriber line of the on-line data management center, once a day at a predetermined time. The management center computer calculates and aggregates the transmitted data, to obtain accurate total sales for each shop. In other words, the management center computer performs mainly batch processing, and quantity of on-line processing becomes smaller. Thus, as the management center computer, may be used a computer having smaller performance, and equipment costs of the entire on-line data management center can be suppressed to be smaller. 
   Further, quantity of on-line processing of other business data transmitted from each shop computer to the management center computer becomes smaller, and thus telephone communication costs between a shop and the on-line data management center can be reduced. 
   Further, data exchange at the time of processing usual use of a prepaid card is performed inside a shop or between shops, without performing data exchange with the on-line data management center. Thus, it is possible to avoid concentration of calls to the on-line data management center. This can largely reduce communication equipment costs for the on-line data management center. 
   Further, a card use history of a prepaid card is inherited to a shop computer to which that prepaid card accesses. As a result, data exchange between shops does not concentrate in a shop computer of a specific shop, and thus, equipment costs of each shop can be suppressed to a lower level. 
   Further, when a prepaid card accesses a shop computer, the card use history of that prepaid card is inherited from the shop computer of the shop in which the prepaid card has been used in the last. This card use history is referred to, for testing the card use history of the concerned prepaid card itself. As a result, forgery by rewriting of the balance can be exposed. 
   DRAWINGS 
   
     FIG. 1 
       
         10  Card 
         12  Magnetic stripe 
         11  Record element 
         13  Mechanically damaged mark 
     
  
   
     FIG. 2 
       
         12  Magnetic stripe 
         11  Record element 
         13  Mechanically damaged mark 
     
  
   
     FIG. 3 
       
         10  Card 
         12  Magnetic stripe 
         11  Record element 
     
  
   
     FIG. 4 
       
         10  Card 
         12  Magnetic stripe 
         11  Record element 
         13  Mechanically damaged mark 
     
  
   
     FIG. 5 
       
         101  Drum-shaped hologram master plate 
         110  Drum 
         111  Micro relief hologram master 
         120  Material sheet 
         124  Emboss film 
         123  Reflective film 
         122  Adhesive layer 
         121  Peel-off paper 
         126  Carrier 
         125  Topcoat 
         124  Emboss film 
         123  Reflective film 
         122  Adhesive layer 
         121  Peel-off paper 
     
  
   
     FIG. 6 
       
         140  Laser 
         141  Light beam splitter 
         142 ′ Photographic film 
         142  Hologram master 
         131  Flat image 
         130  Flat picture 
     
  
   
     FIG. 7 
       
         202  On-line data management center 
         203  Communication line 
         211  Shop A computer 
         212  Shop B computer 
         213  Shop C computer 
         220  Management center computer 
         221  Management center subscriber line 
         231  Shop A subscriber line 
         232  Shop B subscriber line 
         233  Shop C subscriber line 
     
  
   
     FIG. 8 
       
         202  On-line data management center 
         203  Communication line 
         211  Shop A computer 
         212  Shop B computer 
         213  Shop C computer 
         220  Management center computer 
         221  Management center subscriber line 
         231  Shop A subscriber line 
         232  Shop B subscriber line 
         233  Shop C subscriber line 
     
  
   
     FIG. 9 
       
       Sales data 
       Publishing date 
       Published value 
       Publishing shop number 
       Card number 
       Use data 
       Date of use 
       Paid amount 
       Publishing shop number 
       Card number 
       Managing shop number 
     
  
   
     FIG. 10 
       
       Card data 
       Publishing shop number 
       Publishing date 
       Published value 
       Balance 
       Card number 
       Managing shop number 
     
  
   
     FIG. 11 
       
       Card use history 
       Sales data 
       Publishing date 
       Publishing value 
       Publishing shop number 
       Card number 
       Use data 
       Date of use 
       Paid amount 
       Publishing shop number 
       Card number 
       Managing shop number 
       Publishing shop number 
       Card number 
       Date of use 
       Paid amount 
       Managing shop number 
       Publishing shop number 
       Card number 
       Date of use 
       Paid amount 
       Managing shop number