Abstract:
An optical information recording/reproducing apparatus for recording and/or reproducing information on and/or from an optical memory medium includes an optical system for forming a light beam spot for recording and/or reproducing information on and/or from the optical memos medium, a signal generating unit for detecting a position of the optical system relative to the medium and generating an analog signal corresponding to the detected position, an actuator for driving the optical system, an A/D converter for converting the analog signal from the signal generating unit into a digital signal, a digital signal processing unit for calculating a control amount of the actuator on the basis of a predetermined control process in order to correct the relative position from an output from the A/D converter, and a D/A converter for converting the output from the digital signal processing unit into an analog signal. The actuator is driven in correspondence with the output from the D/A converter. The control process of the digital signal processing unit can be arbitrarily changed.

Description:
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/351,035 filed Nov. 28, 1994, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/514,320 filed Apr. 25, 1990, both now abandoned. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to an optical information recording/reproducing apparatus for recording and/or reproducing information on and/or from an optical memory medium such as an optical disk of an optical card, using an optical head and, more particularly, to a digital servo device for performing auto-focus control and auto-tracking control of the optical head in an apparatus of this type. 
     2. Related Background Art 
     Tracks are concentrically or spirally formed on an optical disk, and the optical disk is divided into a plurality of sectors in terms of recording of variable length data or an increase in access speed of an optical head. The optical disk is subjected to optical recording/reproduction in units of sectors. 
     In order to cause the optical head to access each sector or track, the optical head (mainly, an optical system) must be servo-controlled in so-called focusing and tracking directions. A conventional servo control can be made in an analog or digital manner. In particular, in recent years, digital servo control has received a great deal of attention since it can stably operate a servo system. FIG. 1 shows an example of a digital servo control device. 
     A digital servo device of a conventional optical information recording/reproducing apparatus will be described below with reference to FIG. 1. 
     The servo device shown in FIG. 1 includes an optical disk 1 as a recording medium, an optical system 2 for an optical head, a tracking error detector 3 for detecting a tracking error signal based on an output from the optical system 2, and a focus error detector 4 for detecting a focus error signal on the basis of an output from the optical system 2. The tracking error detector 3 and the focus error detector 4 can adopt a known detection method in, e.g., an optical disk recording apparatus. The servo device also includes A/D converters 5 for A/D-converting error signals output from the error detectors 3 and 4 into digital signals, a digital signal process circuit 14, D/A converters 11 for converting the digital signals from the signal process circuit 14 into analog signals, and tracking and focus actuators 12 and 13 for driving the optical head 2 in predetermined directions. 
     The operation of the digital servo device in the optical information recording/reproducing apparatus with the above arrangement will be described below. 
     When information is to be recorded on or reproduced from the optical disk 1 by the optical system 2, the optical system 2 must be controlled by the focus and tracking actuators 13 and 12. The digital signal process circuit 14 obtains, using predetermined equations, control amounts necessary for accurately controlling the optical system 2 to be in a desired position in accordance with tracking and focus error signals output from the optical system 2. The actuators 12 and 13 are operated by the control amounts obtained by the digital signal process circuit 14. 
     Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-121136 discloses the same arrangement as the conventional digital servo device described above. This prior art invention also discloses that control parameters (coefficients) corresponding to various conditions (in focusing and tracking modes)and prestored in a memory are read out, as needed, and calculations are performed using the readout parameters so that the frequency characteristics of a servo system optimally and at all times matches with actuators. 
     However, in the conventional digital servo device described above, a basic control process (equations) is permanently set (programmed) in the digital signal process circuit. (In the arrangement disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-121136, the basic control processes, i.e., equations, are permanently set in a DSP 38. Only coefficients of the equations can be changed according to the conditions. For example, in an equation y=a n  x 2  +b n  x+c n , only the coefficient portions a n , b n , and c n  can be changed.) More specifically, one control process is caused to have-redundancy in correspondence with all possible conditions. When an optical disk having different reflectance characteristics is used, or when an optical disk having a different track intervals or sector formats is used, the digital signal process circuit shown in FIG. 1 must use different control processes, or the actuators cannot be properly controlled. It is impossible to cope with various conditions by only the coefficients of the equations. 
     Some host machines (not shown) for controlling an optical disk device have different minimum recording lengths for the optical disks, In order to achieve optimal tracking, the control process used in the digital signal process circuit 14 shown in FIG. 1 must be changed. As described above, however, since the control process cannot be changed, the actuators cannot be properly controlled. 
     The control process is left unchanged between focusing and/or tracking servo is led in (or set up) before an operation is started (transient operation) and when a servo loop is closed after the servo is led in (steady operation) although these operation states require different control processes. As a result, optimal servo control cannot be performed in these operation states. 
     Furthermore, if the same control process is employed in both the focusing and tracking servo operations, optimal servo control is disturbed in these operations. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention has been made in consideration of the above situation, and has as its object to provide a digital servo device in an optical information recording/reproducing apparatus which can execute an optimal control process corresponding to the operation environment and type type of optical memory medium such as an optical disk, and has high versatility. 
     In order to achieve the above object, there is provided an optical information recording/reproducing apparatus for recording and/or reproducing information on and/or from an optical memory medium such as an optical disk, comprising: 
     an optical system for forming a light beam spot for recording and/or reproducing information on and/or from the optical memory medium; 
     signal generating means for detecting the position of the optical system relative to the medium and generating an analog signal corresponding to the detected position; 
     an actuator for driving the optical system; 
     A/D conversion means for converting the analog signal from the signal generating means into a digital signal; 
     digital signal processing means for calculating a control amount of the actuator from an output from the A/D conversion means on the basis of a predetermined control process in order to correct the relative position; and 
     D/A conversion means for converting the output from the digital signal processing means into an analog signal, 
     The actuator is driven in correspondence with the output from the D/A conversion means, The control process of the digital signal processing means can be arbitrarily changed, 
     The above and other objects and features of the present invention will be apparent from the description of the preferred embodiments, 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a conventional digital servo device; 
     FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a digital servo device according to a first embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a control process stored in a memory shown in FIG. 2; 
     FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2; and 
     FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing an operation of a digital servo device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     An embodiment of a digital servo device according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
     As an embodiment of the digital servo device of the present invention, a digital servo device using an optical disk medium will be discussed. 
     FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing an arrangement of the digital servo device. 
     The digital servo device shown in FIG. 2 includes a digital signal processing unit 16, an input/output control unit (to be referred to as an I/O control unit hereinafter) 7, a digital signal processor (to be abbreviated to as a DSP hereinafter) 8, memories 9 and 10, an external data input device 6, and a CPU 20 for systematically controlling the digital signal processing unit 16. Note that an optical system 2, a tracking actuator 12, a focus actuator 13, a tracking error detector 3, a focus error detector 4, A/D converters 5, and D/A converters 11 are the same as those in a conventional device. 
     The external data input device 6 is used to externally input a control process, and comprises, e.g., a disk drive device, or a ROM. The memories 9 and 10 serve as means for storing the input control process. The DSP 8 processes only calculations when control amounts of the actuators 12 and 13 are calculated based on the outputs from the A/D converters 5. For example, the DSP 8 is used to perform predetermined calculations in accordance with the control processes (equations) stored in the memories 9 and 10. The I/O control unit 7 controls data input of the data input device 6, digital inputs of the A/D converters, 5, and input/output of calculated digital outputs under the control of the CPU 20. 
     An example of the control process stored in the memory will be briefly described below with reference to FIG. 3. 
     FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a tracking servo loop of the digital servo device. A sampler and a holder Gs(Z) correspond to the A/D converter 5 shown in FIG. 2, and Gp(Z) corresponds to the tracking actuator 12 shown in FIG. 2. 
     In order to obtain desired servo characteristics (frequency characteristics, and the like), Gc(Z) is designed. In this process, when Gc(Z) is calculated by the DSP, programs for calculations are allocated in the memories 9 and 10 shown in FIG. 2. 
     For example, the memory 9 stores a quadratic equation given by: 
     
         Gc2(Z)=(b.sub.0 +b.sub.1 Z.sup.-1 +b.sub.2 Z.sup.-2)/(a.sub.0 +a.sub.1 Z.sup.-1 +a.sub.2 Z.sup.-2)                               (1) 
    
     The memory 10 stores a cubic equation given by: 
     
         Gc3(Z)=(b.sub.0 +b.sub.1 Z.sup.-2 +b.sub.2 Z.sup.-2 +b.sub.3 Z.sup.-3)/(a.sub.0 +a.sub.1 Z.sup.-2 +a.sub.2 Z.sup.-2 +a.sub.2 Z.sup.-2 +a.sub.3 Z.sup.-3)                                        (2) 
    
     In this case, parameters a n  and b n  are different from each other. 
     Therefore, loop transfer characteristics shown in FIG. 3 are expressed in two ways as follows: 
     
         G(Z)=Gs(Z).Gc2(Z).Gp(Z)                                    (3) 
    
     
         G(Z)=Gs(Z).Gc3(Z).Gp(Z)                                    (4) 
    
     Thus, the program stored in one of the memories 9 and 10 is selected, thereby selecting optimal tracking servo characteristics for the operation environment. 
     In this embodiment, quadratic and cubic controllers are shown. However, various controllers having other numbers of order may be prepared. 
     The operation of the digital servo device for an optical disk with the above arrangement will be described below. 
     FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the operation in the servo loop mode. 
     The operation of the servo device in a reproduction mode will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4. A light beam is radiated onto the optical disk 1 through the optical system 2. A light beam reflected by the optical disk 1 is incident on the optical system 2, and a tracking error signal is detected from the incident light beam by the tracking error detector 3. A focus error signal is detected from the incident light beam by the focus error detector 4. The tracking and focus error signals are respectively converted to digital signals by the A/D converters 5, and the digital signals are to the DSP 8 through the I/O control unit 7 (step S2). The DSP 8 calculates control amounts according to the control process stored in the memory 9 (step S3). The calculation result is output to the D/A converters 11 through the I/O control unit 7 (step S4). Each control amount converted to an analog amount by the D/A converter 11 is input to the tracking actuator 12 or the focus actuator 13, thereby performing tracking or focusing servo. The basic servo control flow has been described above. 
     When an operation environment is varied as in a case wherein an optical disk medium having different characteristics is used, the servo loop is interrupted by a predetermined external interrupt means (step S1). As the external interrupt means, a switch arranged on the device may be depressed by a user himself according to a type of recording medium, or a signal representing a required control process may be recorded in advance on a recording medium itself, so that the signal is read by a recording and/or reproducing light beam, and an interrupt instruction is generated according to the read value. 
     When the servo loop is interrupted (YES in step S1), it is checked if the control process is to be changed (step S5). When the servo control process is to be changed (YES in step S5), the I/O operation of the I/O control unit 7 by the DSP 8 is stopped. It is checked if an external input is made by the data input device (step S6). This input is to check if the control process to be subjected to processing has already been registered in the memory. If the control process has already been registered, the control process registered in the memory 10 is selected to change a memory block to be used (step S8). If no control process is registered, a message indicating this is displayed for a user, and data of the control process is input from the external data input device 6 to the memory 10 through the I/O control unit 7, thereby creating a new memory block, and making control based on the new memory block (step S7). 
     In this embodiment, the digital signal process unit 16 has two blocks of memories. More memory blocks may be arranged so that various control processes can be selected. In this case, the effect of the present invention can be sufficiently provided. 
     The external data input device 6 is omitted, and a plurality of control processes to be used may be stored in a plurality of memories (ROMs). 
     The series of operations described above are managed by the CPU 20. 
     A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below. 
     In the second embodiment, a process of an operation for changing a control process from the case where focusing and/or tracking servo is set up before a focusing and/or tracking servo operation is started (transient operation) to the case where a servo loop is closed after the servo, is set up (steady operation) will be described below. The flow of the operation for, e.g., focusing servo, will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. The CPU 20 selects a memory which stores an equation for setting up focusing servo on the basis of a recording and/or reproducing operation start instruction from a host computer (not shown). In this case, the memory 9 is assumed to a memory to be selected. 
     In the setup mode, the DSP 8 is operated according to the content of the memory 9. When the setup operation is completed, the servo loop is interrupted based on a signal indicating completion of the setup operation (YES in step S1). It is checked if a control process is to be changed (step S5). In this case, since an operation state is changed from the transient operation to the steady operation, the control process is changed (YES in step S5). It is checked if there is an external input (step S6). If no control process for the steady operation is registered in the memory 9 or 10, the CPU 20 signals a message indicating this to an external user, and an external input is made (step S7). A desired control process is then selected (step S7 or S8), and desired control is started. 
     In this embodiment, equation (1) described above is used in the transient operation mode, and equation (2) described above is used in the steady operation mode. The difference between equations (1) and (2) is as follows. That is, equation (1) is a quadratic equation for high-frequency characteristics with a high gain, and can provide a good transient response. Equation (2) is a cubic equation obtained by multiplying a linear equation for compensating for a gain of only a low-frequency range with a quadratic equation with a lower gain than that of equation (1), and has better steady characteristics than the transient response. 
     A third embodiment of the present invention will be described below. 
     When a digital signal processing unit is commonly used by focusing and tracking servo loops like in FIG. 1 (although this device has lower cost), tracking servo and focusing servo cannot be simultaneously operated. Therefore, focusing servo and tracking servo are time-divisionally controlled. In this case, the control process of the DSP 8 is changed when focusing servo control and tracking servo control are switched. 
     The flow of the operation will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 5. 
     The focusing servo loop has already been operated in accordance with the content of the memory 9 storing a desired equation. 
     Assume that a host computer (not shown) issues a tracking servo operation instruction. The CPU 20 controls the I/0 control unit to operate a tracking servo operation (YES in step S21). It is checked if a control process must be changed (step S30). If YES in step S30, it is checked if there is an external input (step S31). If there is an external input, the external input is stored in the memory 10 (step S32). The memory 10 storing the desired control process is then selected (step S32 or S33). 
     The DSP 8 performs calculations based on the equation stored in the memory 10, and a predetermined operation is performed (steps S27 to S29). In the third embodiment, since the focusing and tracking servo loops are time-divisionally controlled, the next operation jumps to step S22 and subsequent steps. The following operation is performed in the same manner as in the operation of the tracking servo loop. 
     In the third embodiment, equations of the focusing and tracking servo loops are not particularly limited. 
     Various changes and modifications of the invention may be made within the spirit and scope of the invention.