Abstract:
A voltage and current measuring device includes a plurality of voltage measuring modules, a plurality of one-way current measuring modules, a plurality of two-way current measuring modules, a voltage transformation module, a communication interface module, and a processor. The modules are integrated to provide different ways of measuring voltage and current concurrently, enable peripheral expansion, and facilitate power supply. Hence, the device features integration and versatility, speeds up a measurement process, and cuts production costs.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This non-provisional application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(a) on Patent Application No(s). 101103126 filed in Taiwan, R.O.C. on Jan. 31, 2012, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. 
       FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY 
       [0002]    The present invention relates to measurement devices, and more particularly, to an integrated voltage and current measuring device. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0003]    A conventional multimeter that can be connected to a computer usually has only one test port and can only perform a single test in each instance. Furthermore, when measuring voltage or current, the conventional multimeter uses a constant partial voltage or a constant shunt resistance, thereby allowing no room for changes in the range of measurement. 
         [0004]    The related prior art is so limited that the time taken to test any objects under test increases with the quantity thereof Furthermore, the related prior art is so inefficient that, in some circumstances, two or more conventional multimeters are required to test two or more objects under test. Last but not least, the conventional multimeter is expensive and thus contributes to high production costs. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0005]    It is an objective of the present invention to measure voltage and current concurrently. 
         [0006]    Another objective of the present invention is to speed up measurement of voltage and current. 
         [0007]    Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a voltage and current measuring device that is integrated, simplified, and compact. 
         [0008]    In order to achieve the above and other objectives, the present invention provides a voltage and current measuring device for receiving a power supply, performing voltage and current measurement based on an incoming plurality of voltage and current signals under test, and sending a measurement result to a computer, the voltage and current measuring device having a preset processor voltage level, the voltage and current measuring device comprising: a plurality of voltage measuring modules each having a partial voltage resistance unit and converting an incoming voltage signal under test into a voltage measurement signal to be calculated, wherein the partial voltage resistance unit prevents a voltage level of the voltage measurement signal to be calculated from exceeding the preset processor voltage level; a plurality of current measuring modules each converting an incoming current signal under test into a current measurement signal to be calculated; a voltage transformation module for receiving and transforming the power supply so as to provide a plurality of voltages of different voltage levels; a communication interface module comprising a computer communication interface for connection with the computer; and a processor connected to the voltage measuring modules, the current measuring modules, the voltage transformation module, and the communication interface module, operating under the preset processor voltage level, performing voltage measurement on any one or more of the voltage signals under test which has or have a voltage level lower than the preset processor voltage level, receiving the voltage measurement signals to be calculated so as to calculate a measured voltage level, receiving the current measurement signals to be calculated so as to calculate a measured current level, and generating the measurement result. 
         [0009]    In an embodiment, the partial voltage resistance unit of the voltage measuring modules is a variable resistance unit. 
         [0010]    In an embodiment, the communication interface module comprises a plurality of additional function expansion interfaces to be connected with at least a peripheral control device. The additional function expansion interfaces comprise a plurality of universal asynchronous receivers-transmitters UART. 
         [0011]    In an embodiment, the current measuring modules comprise a plurality of one-way current measuring modules which are at least one of a plurality of one-way current measuring modules and a plurality of two-way current measuring modules. The plurality of one-way current measuring modules each convert the incoming current signal under test into a one-way current measurement signal to be calculated, wherein the one-way current measuring modules operate when the positive/negative input of the incoming current signal under test is correctly connected to the positive/negative pole of the one-way current measuring modules. The plurality of two-way current measuring modules each convert the incoming current signal under test into a two-way current measurement signal to be calculated, wherein the two-way current measuring modules operate, regardless of whether the positive/negative input of the incoming current signal under test is correctly connected to the positive/negative pole of the two-way current measuring modules. 
         [0012]    In an embodiment, the one-way current measuring modules are each a high-precision current-to-voltage converter or a low-precision current-to-voltage converter. The high-precision current-to-voltage converter has a first resistance unit and a high-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC. The low-precision current-to-voltage converter has a second resistance unit and a low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC, wherein the resistance level of the first resistance unit is higher than the resistance level of the second resistance unit. The boosting ratio of the high-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC is larger than the boosting ratio of the low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC. 
         [0013]    In an embodiment, the two-way current measuring modules each comprise a shunt resistance unit, a first low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC, a second low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC, and a subtracter. The shunt resistance unit manifests a preset shunt resistance level, receives the current signal under test and changes a current level thereof to a preset current range, and has a first output end and a second output end. The first low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC converts the current signal under test with the changed current level into a first voltage signal, has a positive input end connected to the first output end of the shunt resistance unit, and has a negative input end connected to the second output end of the shunt resistance unit. The second low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC converts the current signal under test with the changed current level into a second voltage signal, has a positive input end connected to the second output end of the shunt resistance unit, and has a negative input end connected to the first output end of the shunt resistance unit. The subtracter is connected to the first low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC and the second low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC for receiving the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal so as to generate the two-way current measurement signal to be calculated. 
         [0014]    In an embodiment, the shunt resistance unit, the first resistance unit, and the second resistance unit each come in form of a variable resistance unit. 
         [0015]    Accordingly, a voltage and current measuring device of the present invention enables concurrent voltage and current measurement, enhances expansion, and enables a computer to be connected to a test apparatus and to another peripheral through the test apparatus. Hence, the voltage and current measuring device of the present invention is multipurpose and integrated, speeds up a measurement process, and cuts production costs. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION 
         [0016]    Objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention are hereunder illustrated with specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
           [0017]      FIG. 1  is a functional block diagram of a voltage and current measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0018]      FIG. 2  is a circuit diagram of a high-precision current-to-voltage converter according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0019]      FIG. 3  is a circuit diagram of low-precision current-to-voltage converter according to an embodiment of the present invention; and 
           [0020]      FIG. 4  is a circuit diagram of two-way current measuring modules according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0021]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , there is shown a functional block diagram of a voltage and current measuring device  100  according to an embodiment of the present invention. The voltage and current measuring device  100  comprises a plurality of voltage measuring modules  110 , a voltage transformation module  140 , a communication interface module  150 , a the processor  160 , and a plurality of current measuring modules  170 . The voltage and current measuring device  100  receives an external power supply S. The power supply S, coupled with a voltage transformation device (not shown), supplies a required operating voltage to all the components inside the voltage and current measuring device  100 . For example, the power supply S supplies the processor  160  with a required preset processor voltage level V. The technical means of converting the power supply into an internal operating voltage of a device is readily understood by persons skilled in the art and thus is not described hereunder for the sake of brevity. 
         [0022]    The voltage and current measuring device  100  performs voltage and current measurement based on an incoming plurality of voltage and current signals under test. Input ends of the voltage and current measuring device  100  receive a voltage signal under test Vdet and/or a current signal under test Idet. The received voltage signal under test Vdet and/or current signal under test Idet are/is processed by the processor  160  of the voltage and current measuring device  100 , and then a measurement result is sent to a computer  200 . 
         [0023]    The voltage measuring modules  110  each have a partial voltage resistance unit (not shown). The voltage measuring modules  110  each convert the voltage signal under test Vdet into a voltage measurement signal. The partial voltage resistance unit prevents the voltage level of the voltage measurement signal to be calculated from exceeding the preset processor voltage level of the processor  160  in order to enable the processor  160  to operate. The partial voltage resistance unit of each of the voltage measuring modules  110  performs voltage division on the voltage signal under test Vdet, and then the voltage signal under test Vdet is sent to the processor  160  for analog-to-digital conversion. Eventually, a measurement result is sent to the computer  200  via the communication interface module  150 . If the measurement result indicates that the voltage level of an object under test does not exceed the preset processor voltage level of the voltage and current measuring device  100 , a user can directly connect the object under test to a voltage measuring and receiving end (not shown) of the processor  160 . Hence, by making reference to the incoming voltage signal under test Vdet having a voltage level lower than the preset processor voltage level (such as 3.3V), the processor  160  performs analog-to-digital voltage conversion so as to obtain a measurement result. The incoming voltage and current signals under test of the voltage and current measuring device  100  are subjected to the user&#39;s manipulation. The voltage and current measuring device  100  is integrated and thus provides ease of use. 
         [0024]    In an embodiment, the partial voltage resistance unit of the voltage measuring modules  110  is a variable resistance unit, and thus the partial voltage resistance unit of the voltage measuring modules  110  is equipped with measurement ports for adjusting a partial voltage ratio as needed. 
         [0025]    In an embodiment, the current measuring module  170  comprises a plurality of one-way current measuring modules  120  and/or a plurality of two-way current measuring modules  130 .  FIG. 1  illustrates one of the two aforesaid options, that is, the current measuring module  170  comprises the plurality of one-way current measuring modules  120  and the plurality of two-way current measuring modules  130 . 
         [0026]    The one-way current measuring modules  120  each convert the incoming current signal under test Idet into a one-way current measurement signal to be calculated. The one-way current measuring modules  120  each operate when a positive/negative input of the current signal under test Idet is correctly connected to a positive/negative pole of the one-way current measuring modules  120 . The one-way current measuring modules  120  work only when correctly connected. The one-way current measuring modules  120  do not yield any measurement result when incorrectly connected, but the anomaly is correctable. In an embodiment, the one-way current measuring modules are each a high-precision current-to-voltage converter or a low-precision current-to-voltage converter. 
         [0027]    The two-way current measuring modules  130  each convert the incoming current signal under test Idet into a two-way current measurement signal to be calculated. The two-way current measuring modules  130  each operate regardless of whether the positive/negative input of the current signal under test Idet is correctly connected to a positive/negative pole of the two-way current measuring modules  130 . 
         [0028]    The voltage transformation module  140  receives and transforms the power supply S so as to provide a plurality of voltages of different voltage levels to peripheral devices. For example, the voltage transformation module  140  of the voltage and current measuring device  100  receives the power supply S of 12V, and then the voltage transformation module  140  transforms the power supply S of 12V into the power supply S of 5.3V and 3.3V, such that the voltage and current measuring device  100  can supply peripheral modules or devices with the power supply S of 12V, 5.3V and 3.3V which are appropriate operating voltages thereof, thereby dispensing with an external power supply which is otherwise required for the peripheral modules or devices. Accordingly, the voltage and current measuring device  100  renders the circuit of a production line simple and easy to tidy up and maintain. 
         [0029]    The communication interface module  150  comprises a computer communication interface for connection with the computer  200 . The communication interface module  150  further comprises a plurality of additional function expansion interfaces for connection with at least a peripheral control device. For example, the computer communication interface is an RS-232 interface. The additional function expansion interfaces comprise a plurality of universal asynchronous receivers-transmitters (UART). The communication interface module  150  can be connected to a temperature and humidity sensor and a light sensor via the additional function expansion interfaces. The communication interface module  150  can be connected to a LCM, a keyboard, a relay board, or a complex programmable logic device (CPLD) by means of General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) to further expand its additional functionality. 
         [0030]    The processor  160  is connected to the voltage measuring modules  110 , the voltage transformation module  140 , the communication interface module  150 , and the current measuring module  170 . By contrast, the processor  160  in the preceding embodiment comprises the one-way current measuring modules  120  and the two-way current measuring modules  130 . As mentioned earlier, The preset processor voltage, such as 3.3V, is applied to the processor  160 . If the voltage level to be measured is unlikely to exceed the preset processor voltage level, the user can directly send a signal under test to the terminal (not shown) of the processor  160  to allow the processor  160  to receive any one of the voltage signals under test Vdet whenever the voltage level of the received voltage signal under test is lower than the preset processor voltage level, such that analog-to-digital conversion can be directly carried out to obtain a voltage measurement result. The processor  160  receives a measurement signal to be calculated from each module, so as to generate a measurement result; afterward, the communication interface module  150  sends the measurement result thus generated to the computer  200 . 
         [0031]    Referring to  FIG. 2 , there is shown a circuit diagram of a high-precision current-to-voltage converter according to an embodiment of the present invention. The circuit diagram of the high-precision current-to-voltage converter comprises a first resistance unit  122 , a high-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  121 , and a comparison unit  123 . The first resistance unit  122  is a variable resistance unit capable of varying the range of a measured current. The current signal under test Idet is diverted by the first resistance unit  122  and then converted into a voltage signal. The voltage signal enters the high-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  121  through a positive input end Vin+ and a negative input end Vin− of the high-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  121 . The high-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  121  is connected to an operation power supply V+ and a ground end GND. The high-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  121  has an output end Vout connected to the comparison unit  123  for outputting a one-way current measurement signal to be calculated. 
         [0032]    Referring to  FIG. 3 , there is shown a circuit diagram of low-precision current-to-voltage converter according to an embodiment of the present invention. The low-precision current-to-voltage converter comprises a second resistance unit  126  and a low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  125 . The second resistance unit  126  is a variable resistance unit capable of varying the range of a measured current. The current signal under test Idet is diverted by the second resistance unit  126  and then converted into a voltage signal. The voltage signal enters the low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  125  through a positive input end Vin+ and a negative input end Vin− of the low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  125 . The low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  125  is connected to an operation power supply V+ and a ground end GND. The low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  125  has an output end Vout through which a one-way current measurement signal to be calculated is sent out. The resistance level of the first resistance unit  122  is higher than the resistance level of the second resistance unit  126 . The boosting ratio of the high-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  121  is larger than the boosting ratio of the low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  125 . 
         [0033]    Referring to  FIG. 4 , there is shown is a circuit diagram of two-way current measuring modules according to an embodiment of the present invention. The two-way current measuring modules comprises a first low-precision voltage to current conversion IC  131 , a second low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  132 , a shunt resistance unit  135 , and a subtracter  137 . The shunt resistance unit  135  manifests a preset shunt resistance level and receives the current signal under test Idet to change and suit its current level to a preset current range. The shunt resistance unit  135  has a first output end O 1  and a second output end O 2 . 
         [0034]    The first low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  131  converts the current signal under test Idet with a changed current level into a first voltage signal V 1 . The positive input end Vin+ of the first low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC is connected to the first output end O 1  of the shunt resistance unit  135 . The negative input end Vin− of the first low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  131  is connected to the second output end O 2  of the shunt resistance unit  135 . 
         [0035]    The second low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  132  converts the current signal under test Idet with a changed current level into a second voltage signal V 2 . The positive input end Vin+ of the second low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  132  is connected to the second output end O 2  of the shunt resistance unit  135 . The negative input end Vin− of the second low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  132  is connected to the first output end O 1  of the shunt resistance unit  135 . The subtracter  137  is connected to the first low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  131  and the second low-precision current-to-voltage conversion IC  132  for receiving the first voltage signal V 1  and the second voltage signal V 2  so as to generate the two-way current measurement signal to be calculated. The subtracter  137  compares the first voltage signal V 1  and the second voltage signal V 2  with a reference voltage Vref to obtain the accurate two-way current measurement signal to be calculated. Referring to  FIG. 4 , the subtracter  137 , which is illustrative of one of many possible variant embodiments, comprises four resistance units and a differential amplifier unit. As shown in  FIG. 4 , two input signals V 1 , V 2  are input via a non-inverting end and an inverting end of the differential amplifier unit to undergo non-inverting amplification and inverting amplification, respectively. Finally, the output end sends out two differential amplified signals of input voltage, that is, the two-way current measurement signal to be calculated. 
         [0036]    Given the circuit in the embodiment shown in  FIG. 4 , the measurement result remains unaffected, regardless of whether the positive/negative input of the current signal under test is correctly connected to the positive/negative pole of the two-way current measuring modules. That is to say, the user can obtain a measurement result without making inverse connection, thereby speeding up the test process flow. 
         [0037]    In conclusion, the present invention provides a voltage and current measuring device that enables concurrent voltage and current measurement, enhances expansion, and effectuates multiple purposes, and thus is effective in speeding up a measurement process and cutting production costs. 
         [0038]    The present invention is disclosed above by preferred embodiments. However, persons skilled in the art should understand that the preferred embodiments are illustrative of the present invention only, but should not be interpreted as restrictive of the scope of the present invention. Hence, all equivalent modifications and replacements made to the aforesaid embodiments should fall within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the legal protection for the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.