Abstract:
A camcorder (1) has a VCR portion (2) including a video tape drive (2a), and a camera portion (3) including a lens block (4). The VCR portion and camera portion are rotatably connected (11) for movement to a configuration convenient for photographing (FIG. 2 ) and to a compact configuration convenient for carrying (FIG. 1 ). A switch (1010) switches between a camera mode in the photographing configuration and a VCR mode in the carrying configuration. In the camera mode, the VCR portion records video signals from the lens block on the video tape and, in a VCR operation mode, the VCR portion only plays back previously recorded video tapes. The switch is mounted within one of the VCR and camera portions such that the switch is not accessible from the outside. During rotation, a linkage (100) moves a lens cover (12) between lens covering and exposing positions. In the lens exposing position, infrared transmissive portions (109,110) align with a light emitting portion (202) and a light receiving portion (203) of an autofocus range finder (201). In this manner, the camcorder folds to a compact configuration for convenience in storing and carrying and unfolds to conform to the operator&#39;s hands and body for convenience in photographing.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a camera-VCR (video cassette recorder) combination. It finds particular application in conjunction with a folding camcorder, and will be described with particular reference thereto. However, it is appreciated that the invention will also find application in conjunction with video cameras, TV-cameras, still and movie cameras, and the like, which can change its form and function. 
     Early video cameras and video recorders were large and bulky. In the first portable camera systems, there were separate camera and recorder modules. These modules were both heavy and difficult to carry. Moreover, the modules were inter-connected by cables which were difficult to connect and rendered the camera awkward to use. Then camcorders were developed, in which the camera module and the recorder module were combined together in a common housing. Early camcorders were record only cameras. More recent camcorders also had a reproduction or play back function. Both were still large and heavy to carry. It is desirable for camcorders to assume a compact configuration for convenience in storing and carrying. When in use, it is desirable for the camcorder to conform to the operator&#39;s hands and body for convenience in photographing. 
     Japanese Patent Laid Open No. 86970/1984 proposed a video camera in which a recording portion and a camera portion were connected together by a movable connecting mechanism. In a carrying configuration, the video camera was flat to facilitate storing or carrying. In an operating configuration, the recording portion was rotated 180° or slid down to open a view finder of the camera portion. However, this video camera was a record only camera. It could not reproduce or play back video tapes. 
     In Japanese Patent Laid Open No. 27169/1988, the applicant proposed a camera-VCR combination in which a VCR portion and a camera portion were movably connected each other. This camera-VCR combination had a reproduction or play back function during a VCR operation. Moreover, it could selectively assume a first state suitable for storing and carrying or VCR operation, and a second state suitable for photographing. In this prior application, a mode selection switch (video/camera switch s, 26) was provided on a surface of the VCR portion. The selection switch was covered in the first state and is exposed in the second state. One problem was the potential for misusing the mode selection switch. For example, if an operator happened to touch the selection switch while photographing, the photographing was interrupted despite the operator&#39;s intention to continue the photographing. 
     The present invention contemplates a new and improved video camera-recorder combination which overcomes the above-referenced problems and others. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In the present invention, a camera-VCR combination comprises a VCR portion including a video tape drive means, a camera portion including a lens block means, connecting means for movably connecting the VCR portion with the camera portion, and switching means mounted within one of the VCR and camera portions for switching between the camera and VCR operation modes in response to movement of the connecting means such that the switching means is not accessible for operation from outside of the VCR and camera portions. 
     In the invention, a camera-VCR includes a VCR portion housing a video tape drive means, a camera portion housing, a lens block means, a view finder portion housing, a view finder, and a grip portion operatively connected with one of the VCR, camera, and view finder portions for providing a holding grip for a operator. The invention is characterized in that at least one of the camera portion, view finder portion and the grip portion is movable with respect to the VCR portion, and a switching means is located within one of the VCR, camera, view finder, and grip portions for switching operation modes of the VCR portion in response to relative movement between the VCR portion and the at least one of the camera, view finder, and grip portions. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The following figures are only for purposes of illustrating a preferred embodiment, and are not to be taken as limiting the invention. 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a camera-VCR combination embodying the invention which is in a first configuration suitable for storage and carrying or reproduction; 
     FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the camera-VCR combination which is in a second configuration suitable for photographing;, 
     FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the camera-VCR combination as seen in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 2; 
     FIG. 4 is a partially cut-away front view of a principal portion in the said construction; 
     FIG. 5 is a partially cut-away plan view of a principal portion; 
     FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 6--6 in FIG. 4; 
     FIG. 7 is a view as seen in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 2; 
     FIG. 8 is a front view showing a lens block used in this embodiment; 
     FIG. 9 is a side view of a principal portion as seen in the direction of arrow E in FIG. 8; 
     FIG. 10 is an exploded view illustrating a connection used in this embodiment; 
     FIGS. 11 and 12 are explanatory views of the connection of FIG. 10; 
     FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a principal circuit configuration; 
     FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of a processing flow in the transition from the first to the second state. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     With reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, a camera-VCR combination 1 includes a VCR or first body portion 2 and a camera or second body portion 3. The VCR portion 2 includes a housing that encloses a video tape drive means 2a (shown in FIG. 4) and supports control switches 2b. The video drive means 2a records and plays back video tapes. The control switches 2b control the tape drive means 2a. The camera portion 3 includes a lens block means 4 that converts received light images into electronic video signals. The lens block 4 is electrically connected with the tape drive means 2a for supplying the electronic video signals thereto to be recorded. At a side end of the camera portion 3, a grip portion 5 is mounted in parallel with the lens block 4. A battery 6 is received in the grip portion 5. A battery eject button 7 is engaged to release the battery 6 for removal. A grip belt s is releasably fixed for expansion and contraction to opposite ends of a receptacle portion for the battery 6. A view finder portion 9 is attached to the back of the VCR portion z. 
     A lock button 10 is disposed at one end of the VCR portion 2. The VCR portion 2 and the camera portion 3 are connected together by a connecting means 11 (FIG. 10) so as to be rotatable relative to each other. When the lock button 10 is pushed from the left to the right in FIG. 1, the camera portion 3 can rotate 90° relative to the VCR portion 2 in the direction of arrow F, from the storage configuration of FIG. 1 to the deployed configuration of FIG. 2. In FIG. 1, a lens cover 12 covers the lens block 4. In the deployed configuration of FIG. 2, the lens cover 12 is retracted to uncover the lens block 4, which is therefore open. 
     To photograph, the operator holds the grip portion 5 with the right hand. The grip belt 8 is positioned comfortably around the right hand to fix the right hand. A zoom button 13 is operated with two of the middle fingers, forefinger and third finger of the right hand. A start/stop button 14 is operated with the thumb of the right hand. A projecting portion 15 is formed at one end of the grip portion 5 for holding the grip portion with the right hand. In this manner, the operation of the start/stop button 14 with the thumb and the operation of the zoom button 13 with the forefinger and the middle finger can be done simultaneously and smoothly. A microphone 16 is mounted on the grip portion for catching sounds to be recorded. 
     A mechanism 100 for opening and closing the lens cover 12 will be now described hereinunder with reference to FIGS. 4-6. A pivotal center 101 of a pivotable arm 102 is attached to one end of a top case 103 rotatably through a torsion spring 104. An elongated slot 105 is formed in one end of the pivotable arm 102, and one end 12a of the lens cover 12 is slidably fitted in the elongated slot 105 while being restricted by a guide slot 106. 
     The lens cover 12 is slidably mounted in guide ways or tracks between the top case 103 and a bottom case 107. The force of the torsion spring 104 is exerted on the pivotable arm oz at all times in the direction of arrow G in FIG. 4. An arm boss 108 shown in FIG. 6 is integrally formed at the other end of the pivotable arm 102. As the pivotable arm 102 rotates about the pivotal center 101, the pivotable arm 102 causes the lens cover 12 to open and close the front face of the lens block 4. FIG. 4 shows a configuration wherein the lens cover 12 covers the lens block 4, while FIG. 5 shows a configuration wherein the lens cover 12 exposes the lens block 4. 
     FIG. 7 is a plan view as seen in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 2 with the lens cover 12 shown in phantom. The illustrated construction comprises the lens cover 12, an infrared range finding window 109, 110, and the microphone 16. The lens block 4 is disposed on the inner side of the lens cover 12. 
     With reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, a infrared range finder or autofocus means 201 includes a light emitting portion 202 and a light receiving portion 203. Infrared light emitted from the light emitting portion 202 is reflected by an object (not shown) and the reflected light is received by the light receiving portion 203. Electronic circuitry uses conventional algorithms to calculate the distance to the object. The electronic circuitry controls a motor 204 to rotate a rotary shaft 205 which rotates a focusing ring 206 focusing the lens at the calculated distance. The lens cover 12 slides over the upper surface of the infrared range finder 201. At least a portion of the lens cover 12 which covers the light emitting portion 202 and the light receiving portion 203 is infrared transmissive. 
     In FIG. 10, the connection means 11 permits relative rotational movement if the VCR and camera portions about a longitudinal axis 20 of the camera shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. A VCR rotation base or member 1001 comprises a boss 1002 having a diameter &#34;d&#34;, and a friction coupling 1003 has a hole of a diameter &#34;f&#34;. A felt-like material 1004, is stuck on the abutment surface of the friction coupling 1003 to create a frictional force between the VCR rotation base 1001 and the friction coupling 1003. 
     A chassis 1005 has a hole having a diameter &#34;g&#34;. The diameters d, f and g satisfy the condition of g&gt;d&gt;f. The friction coupling 1003 is attached to the chassis 1005 by bosses 1003a of the friction coupling 1003 and holes 1005a of the chassis 1005. Consequently, the VCR rotation base 1001 is rotatable, centered on the chassis 1005. The boss 1002 of the VCR rotation base 1001 has cutouts 1002a, while a rotating member 1006 is formed with retaining pieces 1006a, such that the rotating member 1006 and the VCR rotation base 1001 can be assembled each other. A plate or disk spring 1007 is mounted by bolts 1008 with a slight difference in height between the VCR rotation base 1001 and the rotating member 1006. The resilient force of the plate spring 1007 is exerted between the friction coupling 1003 and the VCR rotation base 1001. A stationary plate 1009 is fixed to the chassis 1005 with bolts. A microswitch 1010 is fixed to the stationary plate 1009. 
     The rotating member 1006 is formed with a rotating boss or detent 1011 and a switch boss or detent 1012. When the chassis 1005 is fixed and the VCR rotation base 1001 is rotated, the rotating boss 1011 and the switch boss 1012 rotate in interlock with the VCR rotation base 1001. At one end of the VCR rotation base 1001, the lock button 10 is mounted movably to a button holder 1013 through a compression spring 1014. A locking piece 10a of the lock button 10 is fitted in and fixed to a locking slot 1015 or 1016 of the chassis 1005 to restrict the rotating motion of the VCR rotation base 1001 centered on the chassis 1005. The VCR rotation base 1001 is integrally connected with the VCR portion 2 in FIG. 1 and the chassis 1005 is integrally connected with the camera portion 3. In this manner, the VCR portion 2 and the camera portion 3 are rotatable relative to each other. The frictional force of the friction coupling 1003 is adjustable by adjusting the tightening force of the bolts 1008. The state shown in FIG. 1 and that shown in FIG. 2 can be created between the VCR portion 2 and the camera portion 3 by the foregoing insertion and engagement of the lock button 10 with respect to the chassis 1005. 
     The rotating boss 1011 and the switch boss 1012 are formed integrally with the rotating member 1006 shown in FIG. 10. The motion of the rotating boss 1012 is first explained. When the boss 1011 rotates 90°, it engages the arm boss 108 of the pivotable arm 102 (FIG. 6) causing the arm 102 to pivot between the positions shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. More specifically, in FIG. 4, the rotating boss 1011 is not in abutment with the arm boss 108. Only the force of the torsion spring 104 is exerted on the pivotable arm 102 bringing the lens cover 12 into the position to cover the lens block 4. On the other hand, in FIG. 5, the rotating boss 1011 and the arm boss 108 are in abutment with each other. The arm boss 108 is now restricted positionally. Consequently, as the pivotable arm 102 pivots about the pivotal center 101, the lens cover 12 moves to the position to open the lens block 4. 
     When the camera portion is rotated 90° the other way from the state of FIG. 5 to the state of FIG. 4, the rotating boss 1011 and the boss 108 disengage from each other. The pivotable arm 102 reverts to its initial state under a restoring force of the torsion spring 104 and the camera cover 12 is brought to the position to cover the lens block 4. 
     Now, the switch boss 1012 shown in FIG. 10 will be described. The switch boss 1012 also turns 90°, centered on the chassis 1005. The chassis 1005 is fixed to the stationary plate 1009 with bolts, and the microswitch 1010 is fixed to the stationary plate 1009 with a bolt. In the initial state, the microswitch 1010 and the switch boss 1012 are set in positions in which both are not in abutment with each other. Upon rotation of the switch boss 1012 by 90°, an actuator arm of the microswitch 1010 and the switch boss 1012 come into abutment with each other camming the microswitch 1010 ON. 
     FIGS. 11 and 12 are explanatory views showing the operation of the rotary connecting means 11 described above in a more easily understandable manner. In FIG. 11, the connecting means 11 is set to the initial state in which the chassis 1005 is fixed and the VCR rotation base 1001 is not rotated. At this time, the VCR portion 2 and the camera portion 3 are in the state of FIG. 1. 
     In this state, the locking piece 10a is fitted and retained in the locking slot 1016. This state is maintained unless the lock button 10 is pushed to disengage the locking piece 10a from the locking slot 1016. Further, the rotating boss 1011 is not in abutment with the arm boss 108, and the microswitch 1010 and the switch boss 1012 are not in abutment with each other. 
     FIG. 12 shows a state in which the chassis 1005 is fixed, when the VCR rotation base 1001 has been rotated 90° in the clockwise direction relative to the state of FIG. 11. In this state, the locking piece 10a is inserted and retained in the locking slot 1015. This state is maintained unless the lock button 10 is pushed to disengage the locking piece 10a from the locking slot 1015, as noted previously. During rotation, the rotating boss 1011 comes into abutment with the arm boss 108, while the microswitch 1010 abuts the switch boss 1012 and turns ON. 
     FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of principal components. A processor 2001, specifically a microcomputer, controls the entire circuitry system of the camera-VCR combination. The processor 2001 is provided with various I/O interfaces, a ROM containing a main control program and fixed data, a RAM for reading and writing various flags and measured and detected data, and μCPU (micro central processor unit) which controls for the processor. It is backed up with battery. A power circuit 2002 supplies a electrical power to the circuitry of the camera-VCR combination. 
     The power circuit 2002 is turned on/off (power supply state/power cut-off state) by the processor 2001. A drive control circuit 2003, which is supplied with electric power by the power circuit 2002, controls the operation of a driving mechanism 2004 in accordance with a control signal provided from the processor 2001 to perform tape loading/unloading operation, tape travelling operation, etc. A tape detecting circuit 2005 detects whether a tape (tape cassette) has been inserted into the VCR portion 2. In accordance with a signal provided from the detecting circuit 2005, the processor 2001 confirms the presence or absence of the tape. 
     According to whether microswitch 1010 is ON or OFF, the processor 2001 judges whether the camera-VCR combination 1 is in the first state or in the second state. Upon operation of an eject switch 2006, the processor 2003 provides a control signal to the drive control circuit 2003 to perform at least unloading of the tape which is in the loaded state. 
     When the camera-VCR combination 1 has shifted from the state shown in FIG. 1 to the state shown in FIG. 2 and the microswitch 1010 has turned ON, as previously noted, a focus control circuit 2007 which assumes an auto focus mode. In his state, the infrared autofocusing is performed, as already explained with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. A power switch 2008 permits the supply of electric power to the camera-VCR combination 1 when either (1) after the microswitch 1010 is turned on, then the battery 6 shown in FIG. 1 is removed to cut off the supply of electric power to the camera-VCR combination 1, and the battery 6 is again mounted, or (2) the microswitch 1010 is turned off and the camera-VCR combination is brought into the state shown in FIG. 1. When the microswitch 1010 is OFF and the power switch 2008 is ON, the power switch allows electric power to be fed to the VCR portion 2. In this state, a VCR operating circuit 2009 can operate, thereby permitting the operations as VCR (play back of tape in the play back mode as well as fast forward and rewinding in the fast forward/rewind mode). 
     This state will hereinafter be referred to as the VCR operation state. At the same time, in this state a video/sound control circuit 2010 operates a video/sound circuit 2011. On the other hand, when both the microswitch 1010 and the power switch 2008 are ON, the power switch 2008 permits the supply of electric power to the camera portion 3 in the state shown in FIG. 2. In this state it is possible to operate the start/stop button 14 for photographing which has been explained in connection with FIG. 3. This state will hereinafter be referred to as the camera operation state. 
     FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of processings executed by the processor 2001 with the foregoing transition from the first state to the second. S1 represents a step of judging whether the microswitch 1010 has turned ON. If the answer is affirmative, the program proceeds to step S2. If the answer is negative, the program returns to step S1. In step S2, the power source is turned ON by a command provided from the processor 2001, and the program proceeds to step S3. In step S3, judgment is made as to whether the tape is present, on the basis of a signal provided from the tape detecting means 2005. If the answer is affirmative, the program proceeds to step S5. If the answer is negative, the program proceeds to step S4, in which the processor 2001 brings the drive control circuit 2003 into the loading stand-by state, then returns to step S3. In step S5, the tape is brought into the loading position by the drive control circuit 2003, so that the camera-VCR combination 1 assumes a picture recording state. Now, a series of processings are over. 
     For taking out the tape after the completion of picture recording in the second state, the eject switch 2006 is operated, so that the tape shifts from the loaded state to the unloading state. Thereafter, the tape is taken out by a known eject mechanism or by manual operation. When a new tape is loaded thereafter, this loading operation is performed automatically and the camera-VCR combination 1 again assumes the picture recording state. 
     Thus, in the camera-VCR combination 1 having the camera portion 3 which is movable relative to the VCR portion 2, by providing means for maintaining a stable, normal state in each of the first state suitable for storage and the second state suitable for photographing, it is made possible to constitute the camera-VCR combination 1 so that there will occur no trouble even in the transitional state from the first state to the second. 
     Although in this embodiment a parallel combination of the camera portion 3 and the grip portion is made rotatable relative to the VCR portion 2, the present invention is not limited thereto. 
     Table 1 shows a variety of embodiments included in the invention. 
     
                       TABLE 1______________________________________No.            1      2     3    4   5    6   7______________________________________VCR Portion 2  --     --    --   --  --   --  --Camera Portion 3          ◯                 ◯                       ◯                            --  ◯                                     --  --Grip Portion 5 ◯                 ◯                       --   ◯                                --   ◯                                         --View Finder Portion 9          ◯                 --    ◯                            ◯                                --   --  ◯______________________________________ --: stationary side, ◯: movable side 
    
     As shown in Table 1, there may be adapted: 
     1) a construction wherein a parallel combination of the camera portion 3, the grip portion 5, and the view finder portion 9 is movable relative to the VCR portion 2 which is fixed, or 
     2) a construction wherein a parallel combination of the camera portion 3 and the grip portion 5 is movable relative to a fixed parallel combination of the VCR portion 2 and the view finder portion 9, or 
     3) a construction wherein a parallel combination of the camera portion 3 and the view finder portion 9 is movable relative to a fixed parallel combination of the VCR portion 2 and the grip portion 5, or 
     4) a construction wherein a parallel combination of the view finder portion 9 and the grip portion 5 is movable relative to a fixed parallel combination of the VCR portion 2 and the camera portion 3, or 
     5) a construction wherein the camera portion 3 is made movable relative to a fixed parallel combination of the VCR portion 2, the grip portion 5 and the view finder portion 9, or 
     6) a construction wherein the grip portion 5 is movable relative to a fixed parallel combination of the VCR portion 2, the camera portion 3 and the view finder portion 9, or 
     7) a construction wherein the view finder portion 9 is movable relative to a fixed parallel combination of the VCR portion 2, the camera portion 3 and the grip portion 5. 
     According to the embodiments, as set forth above, in a camera-VCR combination including the camera portion, the VCR portion, the view finder portion, and the grip portion, at least one of the camera portion, the view finder portion, and the grip portion is movable relative to the VCR portion. A means is provided for maintaining a stable, normal state in each of the first and second states before and after the movement. In this manner, the camera-VCR combination changes without any trouble from the first to the second state. Since the camera-VCR combination is movable, it can be used properly according to whether it is in the state of storage or in any photographing state. Further, since it changes-over between VCR and camera modes automatically with the change from the first to the second state, the camera-VCR combination can be used easily by anyone. Additionally, since the lens cover of the camera can be opened and closed automatically with the change from the first state to the second, there is no fear of the user forgetting to remove or mount the lens cover or the loss of the lens cover.