Abstract:
A system for delivering a supply of pressurized gas to a user may include a blower and a noise suppression portion. The blower may include an intake portion and an outlet portion for supplying the pressurized gas to the user. The noise suppression portion may define a conduit therethrough having an intake portion and an outlet portion in communication with the intake portion of said blower. The noise suppression portion may be moveable between a first configuration and a second configuration such that at least one exterior dimension of the device is reduced when the noise suppression portion is moved from the first configuration to the second configuration.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure is related to medical devices, e.g., systems and methods of noise suppression for an assisted breathing device. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Problem snoring in subjects is often caused by an obstruction to the free flow of air through the passages at the back of the mouth and/or nose. Recently, the adverse medical effects of snoring and its association with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome (UARS) have been recognized. Various methods have been used to alleviate snoring or OSA. Such techniques include, e.g., behavior modification, sleep positioning, assisted breathing devices, jaw adjustment techniques, and surgical procedures such as Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP), and laser assisted Uvula Palatoplasty (LAUP), for example. 
     Subjects who are prescribed assisted breathing devices, e.g., CPAP devices or Bi-level devices, use these devices to aid their breathing during sleep. A nasal CPAP device may deliver air into the subject&#39;s airway through a specially designed nasal mask or pillows. The device may create a flow of air having sufficient pressure to keep the airway open when the subject inhales. A blower is often provided in these devices to produce the desired airflow. In order to operate at an acceptably low sound level, and to avoid disturbing the subject&#39;s sleep, a noise suppression device may be provided to dampen the noise generated by the blower. For example, in some current CPAP and Bi-level devices, about 40% of the volume of the device is comprised of acoustic foam and empty volume provided for acoustic dampening. 
     Subjects may use these devices every night to achieve satisfactory sleep patterns regardless of whether they are at home or traveling. Thus, subjects who travel are generally required to bring a portable device with them in order to continue breathing assistance. For such traveling subjects, the size of the device may be an important consideration (e.g., due to limited luggage space). To illustrate the size of an example portable CPAP device, the Puritan Bennett GK 420 CPAP, which is illustrated as device “P” in  FIGS. 1 and 3 , measures approximately 7.5″×5.5″×3″. 
     SUMMARY 
     Accordingly, there is a need for noise suppression systems for use in assisted breathing devices, e.g., CPAP or bi-level devices, that overcome the limitations of prior devices and/or that facilitate the portable use of such devices (e.g., for traveling). 
     In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a system for delivering a supply of pressurized gas to a user may include a blower and a noise suppression portion. The blower may include an intake portion and an outlet portion for supplying the pressurized gas to the user. The noise suppression portion may define a conduit therethrough having an intake portion and an outlet portion in communication with the intake portion of said blower. The noise suppression portion may be moveable between a first configuration and a second configuration such that at least one exterior dimension of the device is reduced when the noise suppression portion is moved from the first configuration to the second configuration. In accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure, the system may further comprise a tube having first and second ends. The first end of the tube may be adapted for connection to the outlet portion of the blower, and the second end of the tube may be adapted for connection to a mask. According to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, a system may further comprise a mask adapted for connection to the second end of the tube, e.g., the mask may comprise a nasal mask; however, any mask may be utilized with the systems of the present disclosure. 
     In accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure, an apparatus for reducing noise generated by a breathing device for delivering gas to a user is provided. The apparatus may include a body and a conduit defined within the body. The body may be moveable between a first configuration and a second configuration such that at least one exterior dimension of the body is reduced when the body is moved from the first configuration to the second configuration. The conduit may include an intake portion and an outlet portion, the outlet portion being in communication with the intake portion of a gas supply device. 
     In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method includes providing a device for delivering a supply of pressurized gas to a user, the device including a blower having an intake portion and an outlet portion for supplying the pressurized gas to the user, and a noise suppression portion defining a conduit therethrough, said conduit having an outlet portion in communication with the intake portion of said blower. The method further includes moving said noise suppression portion of said device between a first configuration and a second configuration such that at least one exterior dimension of the device is reduced when the noise suppression portion is moved from the first configuration to the second configuration. 
     In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, a system for delivering a supply of pressurized gas to a user includes blowing means and noise suppression means. The blowing means may include an intake portion and an outlet portion for supplying the pressurized gas to the user. The noise suppression means may define a conduit therethrough having an intake portion and an outlet portion, the outlet portion of said conduit in communication with the intake portion of said blower. The noise suppression means may be moveable between a first configuration and a second configuration such that at least one exterior dimension of the device is reduced when the noise suppression means is moved from the first configuration to the second configuration. According to another embodiment, a system of the present disclosure may further comprise a fluid communication means, e.g., a tube or conduit, having first and second ends. The first end of the fluid communication means may be adapted for connection to the outlet portion of the blower, and the second end of the fluid communication means may be adapted for connection to a mask. According to one embodiment, a system of the present disclosure may further comprise a mask, e.g., a nasal mask; however, any mask may be utilized with systems of the present disclosure. 
     It should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alternations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as illustrated by the following claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Some embodiments of the disclosure may be understood by referring, in part, to the following description and the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numbers refer to the same or like parts and wherein: 
         FIG. 1  is a top view of a prior art assisted breathing device P; 
         FIG. 2  is a top view of an example assisted breathing device, depicted at approximately the same scale as  FIG. 1 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 3  is a perspective view of the prior art assisted breathing device P of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 4  is a perspective view of the breathing apparatus of  FIG. 2  in a compressed configuration, depicted at approximately the same scale as  FIG. 3 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective view of the breathing apparatus of  FIG. 2  in an uncompressed configuration, depicted at approximately the same scale as  FIG. 3 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 6  is a perspective view from above of a portion of a breathing apparatus in an uncompressed configuration, in accordance with an embodiment the present disclosure; 
         FIGS. 7-12  are top views of components of a breathing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 13  is a sectional side view taken through lines  13 - 13  of  FIGS. 7-12  of a portion of a breathing apparatus in an uncompressed configuration, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 14  is a sectional side view taken through lines  14 - 14  of  FIGS. 7-12  of a portion of a breathing apparatus in an uncompressed configuration, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 15  is a sectional side view of a portion of a breathing apparatus in a compressed configuration, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 16  is a perspective view, with parts separated, of a portion of a breathing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 17  is a perspective view of a portion of a breathing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 18  is a view, with parts separated, of components of a breathing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 19  is a perspective view from below of a portion of a breathing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment the present disclosure; and 
         FIG. 20  illustrates an example breathing assistance system including a system including a noise suppression portion and coupled to a patient by a tube and nasal mask, according to one embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Selected embodiments of the disclosure may be understood by reference, in part, to  FIGS. 1-19 . Although the following discussion focuses on a noise suppression device or system for an assisted breathing device, e.g., a CPAP device, it should be understood that the disclosed subject matter may be used in connection with any medical or therapeutic device for transporting gas (e.g., air and/or oxygen), where sound reduction and/or compact size may be relevant considerations. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, a system  100  may include an acoustic dampening design that reduces the transport size of a device. As illustrated in  FIGS. 2 ,  4 , and  5 , system  100  may include a noise suppression portion  110 , a body portion  120 , and a port  130  for connecting to an gas hose which may supply the pressurized gas to the nasal mask (not shown). The noise suppression portion  110  may be moveable between a compressed configuration useful during transport (see,  FIG. 4 ) and a relaxed or uncompressed configuration during system use (see,  FIGS. 2 and 5 .) As can be seen by comparison with prior devices, system  100  may provide a substantial reduction in the overall size of the device (for example, compare the devices shown in  FIGS. 3 and 4 ). As discussed herein above, a prior device, e.g., the Puritan Bennett GK 420 CPAP has overall dimensions of 7.5″×5.5″×3″. In comparison, in certain embodiments, the noise suppression system disclosed herein may permit devices to be relatively smaller and also maintain low noise levels during use. For example, an example system  100  including a noise suppression system described herein may have dimensions of approximately 5″×4.5″×2.5″. 
     In some embodiments, system  100  may be provided with a noise suppression portion  110  that may be compressible to reduce the travel size of system  100 . Referring to  FIGS. 4 and 5 , compression of the noise suppression portion  110  may result in the reduction of one or more exterior dimensions of system  100 . For example, the height  112  of system  100  in the uncompressed configuration, e.g., about 4.75 inches as shown in  FIG. 5 , may be reduced to a height  114  in the compressed configuration, e.g., about 3.5 inches. In some embodiments, the noise suppression portion  110  may include a compressible foam (or other) structure  150  within a collapsible conical shell  160 , as shown in  FIG. 6 . 
     As discussed with reference to  FIGS. 7-14 , foam structure  150  may define a noise-suppressive conduit that channels gas from the ambient environment (e.g., adjacent aperture  250 , as shown in  FIG. 7 ) to the intake of the blower  310  (shown in  FIG. 14 ). As generally used herein, a “noise suppressive conduit” may provide noise suppression through the use of the acoustic foam (or other noise suppressing) material forming the conduit walls, which absorb at least a portion of the sound generated by the blower. 
       FIGS. 7-12  are top views of components of noise suppression portion  110  in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIGS. 13 and 14  are sectional side views of noise suppression portion  110  taken though line  13 - 13  and line  14 - 14 , respectively, of  FIGS. 7-12 . 
     As shown in  FIGS. 7-12 , in some embodiments, foam structure  150  may include a stacked structure including a plurality of foam disks  180 ,  190 ,  200 ,  210 ,  220 , and  230  manufactured from an acoustic foam material selected for its ability to absorb sound waves in the audible range. In some embodiments, one or more of the foam disks may be manufactured from a material such as, for example, Soundfoam absorption foam, which is a polyester and urethane based material, manufactured by Soundcoat Company, which foam may have a density of 2 lb. per cubic foot. Other appropriate acoustic foam materials which may be compressed and which absorb sound in the audible range may also be used. In certain embodiments, the foam disks may have a thickness of about 0.5 inch and diameters that vary from about 3.25 inches to about 4.25 inches in diameter. When stacked as illustrated in  FIGS. 13 and 14 , foam structure  150  may define a spiral-like conduit  240  extending from an aperture  250  in disk  180 , through a C-shaped channel  260  in disk  190 , through an aperture  270  in disk  200 , through a C-shaped channel  280  in disk  210 , and through an aperture  290  in disk  220 , which may be in communication with a blower  310  (indicated in dashed line). The blower, as known in the art, may provide a pressurized supply of gas to the user. One example blower useful in connection with some embodiments is the blower used with Puritan Bennett GK 420 CPAP. The airflow through foam structure  150  is indicated with arrows passing through the conduits in the foam structures, entering foam structure  150  as indicated by arrow A (see  FIG. 13 ), and exiting foam structure  150  into the blower  310  as indicated by arrow B (see  FIG. 14 ). 
     Foam disks  180 ,  190 ,  200 ,  210 ,  220 , and/or  230  may be attached together with an adhesive as is known in the art, or may be otherwise attached in any other suitable manner. As illustrated in  FIGS. 13-15 , foam structure  150  may be compressed, such that the noise suppression portion  110  may be reduced from an uncompressed height  330  ( FIG. 14 ) to a compressed height  340  ( FIG. 15 ). In an example embodiment, uncompressed height  330  may be approximately 3.0 inches and compressed height  340  may be approximately 1.5 inches. It may be understood that foam structure  150  may include more or fewer foam disks than illustrated in  FIGS. 7-15 . Moreover, in some embodiments, foam structure  150  may be manufactured from a single piece of foam in which a conduit has been formed. The conduit may be substantially spiral in shape, serpentine, or may any other appropriate configuration. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 16-17 , foam structure  150  may be positioned over the blower such that the gas conduit may be in communication with the intake of the blower. In one embodiment, the lowest foam disk  230  may include an aperture  300  configured to be positioned over the blower  310 . As illustrated in  FIG. 18 , foam disk  220  (illustrated with dashed lines) may be positioned over blower  320 , such that aperture  290  aligns with the intake  320  of the blower  310 . 
     As illustrated in FIGS.  6  and  13 - 15 , foam structure  150  may be encased by a shell  160 .  FIGS. 18-19  illustrate that shell  160  may include a plurality of concentric rings  350 ,  360 ,  370 ,  380 ,  390  and a cap  400  that may serve as a sound barrier between foam structure  150  and the environment. In addition, the shell  160  may provide mechanical support for foam structure  150 . In one embodiment, shell  160  may also provide a mechanism for compressing foam structure  150  into the compressed configuration and/or to lock foam structure  150  in the compressed configuration (as illustrated in  FIG. 16 ). One or more of the conical rings  350 ,  360 ,  370 ,  380 , and  390  may be designed to be longitudinally slidable with respect to adjacent rings and may have an interference (e.g., frictional) fit with adjacent rings, which may allow the shell  160  to form a rigid structure and/or to be compressible when the noise suppression portion  110  is in the uncompressed and compressed configurations, respectively. Cap portion  400  may include an inlet  410 . As illustrated in  FIGS. 6 and 13 , inlet  410  may align with aperture  250  in foam disk  180 , and may allow gas to be drawn into the gas conduit in the foam structure  150  with relatively little flow resistance. Decreasing the flow resistance may reduce the work required by the blower. 
     The shell  160  may be manufactured from any rigid or semi-rigid material that can be formed in a ring or similar structure and which reflects sound waves, e.g., metals, plastics, and composites. It may be understood that the shell  160  may include more or fewer rings than illustrated herein. Moreover, shell  160  may alternatively include other collapsible structures, e.g., accordion configurations or flexible walls including struts or other supporting members when the foam is in the relaxed configuration. 
       FIG. 20  illustrates a breathing assistance system including a system  100  including a noise suppression portion  110 , a patient  500 , and a tube  502  connected at one end to a port  130  of system  100  and at to the other end to a patent nasal mask  504 . 
     While there have been described what are believed to be the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art will recognize that other and further changes and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the disclosure, and it is intended to claim all such changes and modifications as fall within the true scope of the disclosure.