Abstract:
The invention relates to an apparatus for positioning substances for detection, a film for use in positioning substances for detection, and a manufacturing method for a carrier for substances for detection. An object is to provide an apparatus for positioning substances for detection, a film for use in positioning substances for detection, and a manufacturing method for a carrier for substances for detection which enable an automated, simple and low cost manufacture of large quantities of carriers for substances for detection.  
     The construction involves a dispenser having one or a plurality of conduits and a suction/discharge device for adjusting the pressure inside the conduits; a regeneration section for cleaning or replacing the conduits; a vessel having a plurality of liquid storage sections in which are contained suspensions incorporating each of the various substances for detection and into which the conduits are able to be inserted; a stage on which is mounted a film whereon dispensing of the liquids by the dispenser, or painting or imprinting is carried out; a displacement device which enables the movement of the conduits relative to the regeneration section, the vessel and the stage; and a control section for controlling the displacement device and the suction/discharge device, and the control section effects control to repeatedly carry out, suction, discharge and movement of the suspensions containing the substances for detection using the conduits, as well as the cleaning or replacement of the conduits, to thereby ensure that each of the suspensions will be positioned on the film mounted on the stage in narrow parallel lines and so as not to contact adjacent suspensions.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION  
       [0001]    This application claims priority of Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 60/184,670 filed Feb. 24, 2000. 
     
    
     
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0003]    The present invention relates to an apparatus for positioning substances for detection, a film for use in positioning substances for detection, and a manufacturing method for a carrier for substances for detection. The invention relates to all manner of fields which require the examination or analysis of biopolymers, such as genes, immune systems, proteins and sugars; including the fields of engineering, agricultural science incorporating foodstuffs, agricultural production and fish processing, pharmaceuticals, the medical field incorporating hygiene, health, immunity, disease and heredity, and scientific fields such as chemistry and biology.  
           [0004]    In particular, the present invention relates to an apparatus for positioning substances for detection, a film for use in positioning substances for detection, and a manufacturing method for a carrier for substances for detection, for manufacturing a carrier for substances for detection which is suitable for the analysis of genes, including mutational analysis, polymorphic analysis, mapping, base sequence analysis, and mechanism analysis.  
           [0005]    2. Description of the Related Art  
           [0006]    Currently, determinations of gene base sequences use a DNA chip wherein an oligonucleotide with a predetermined base sequence is attached to a substrate at a predetermined location. This type of DNA chip is a flat sheet comprising a semiconductor film or a slide glass, on to which is spotted a minute quantity of suspensions of a plurality of different, known oligonucleotides, with the oligonucleotides fixed in an array pattern sequence.  
           [0007]    Furthermore, another current method for manufacturing a biopolymer sequenced sheet comprises fixing a biopolymer to a rod shaped carrier such as a glass capillary tube, bundling a plurality of the glass capillary tubes together, and then slicing the bundle to generate a biopolymer sequenced sheet (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 11-108928).  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0008]    However in the manufacture of DNA chips, in order to form a plurality of oligonucleotides on the restricted surface of a DNA chip, it is necessary to use a pipette apparatus and then dispense spot by spot a minute quantity of each oligonucleotide suspension on to the surface leaving a predetermined separation between adjacent spots. Unfortunately this process suffers from requiring a labor intensive operation to ensure the prevention of mixing between the oligonucleotide suspensions.  
           [0009]    Because the manufacture of each DNA chip takes considerable time and effort, the manufacture of large quantities of DNA chips requires an enormous expenditure of time and labor. Particularly in the determination of various base sequences, it is necessary to be able to supply DNA chips simply, at low cost, and in large quantities, but this is not possible with conventional manufacturing methods.  
           [0010]    Furthermore in order to manufacture the aforementioned biopolymer sequenced sheet, first each biopolymer must be fixed to each rod shaped glass capillary tube carrier, but in those cases where there is a large number of such capillary tube carriers, insertion of each glass capillary tube into the container holding each suspension of one of the biopolymers and subsequent suction requires a great deal of time and is a significant burden on the operator. Moreover, it is also necessary to bundle a plurality of the rod shaped carriers of the fixed glass capillary tubes, and then line up the carriers, with the biopolymers and positions associated. The operation of taking a plurality of glass capillary tubes and then lining up the tubes in positions associated with the substances fixed to the tubes and with a predetermined separation between adjacent tubes (if no separation is left, then a sheet results and bundling becomes impossible) and then arranging as a rolled sheet requires a great deal of effort.  
           [0011]    The present invention aims to resolve the problems outlined above, with a first object of providing an apparatus for positioning substances for detection, a film for use in positioning substances for detection, and a manufacturing method for a carrier for substances for detection which enable the simple and low cost manufacture of large quantities of carriers for substances for detection.  
           [0012]    A second object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for positioning substances for detection, a film for use in positioning substances for detection, and a manufacturing method for a carrier for substances for detection which enable efficient and rapid manufacture of carriers for substances for detection.  
           [0013]    A third object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for positioning substances for detection, a film for use in positioning substances for detection, and a manufacturing method for a carrier for substances for detection which enable the automated manufacture of large quantities of carriers for substances for detection by reducing as far as possible the dependency on the processing ability of human operators and moreover removing as far as possible all human processing.  
           [0014]    A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for positioning substances for detection, a film for use in positioning substances for detection, and a manufacturing method for a carrier for substances for detection which are suitable for handling biopolymers such as heredity matter such as DNA, immunity matter, proteins and sugars.  
           [0015]    In order to resolve the above problems a first aspect of the invention is an apparatus for positioning substances for detection which comprises: a dispenser having one or a plurality of conduits and a suction/discharge device for adjusting the pressure inside the conduits; a regeneration section for cleaning or replacing the conduits; a vessel having a plurality of liquid storage sections in which are contained suspensions incorporating each of the various substances for detection and into which the conduits are able to be inserted; a stage on which is mounted a film whereon dispensing, painting or imprinting of the liquids by the dispenser is carried out; a displacement device which enables the movement of the conduits relative to the regeneration section, the vessel and the stage; and a control section for controlling the displacement device and the suction/discharge device, and the control section effects control to repeatedly carry out, suction, discharge and movement of the suspensions containing the substances for detection using the conduits, as well as the cleaning or replacement of the conduits, to thereby ensure that each of the suspensions will be positioned on the film mounted on the stage in narrow parallel lines and so as not to contact adjacent suspensions.  
           [0016]    In the description below the term “plurality” refers to “two or more”. The term “line contact” includes line intersections. A conduit is a pipe shaped member through which a liquid can flow or in which a liquid can be retained and includes both conduits which are detachable with respect to the main body and those which are not detachable. The term “line” will usually refer to a straight line, but curved lines are also possible. A substance for detection refers to a target substance for which a structure is to be determined, or a target substance which is to be detected so that various analyses can be conducted, and includes heredity matter such as DNA, RNA, and oligonucleotides, biopolymers such as proteins and sugars, microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses, and tissues such as cells.  
           [0017]    A second aspect of the invention is an apparatus for positioning substances for detection which comprises: a printing device having one or a plurality of conduits, one or a plurality of storage sections which each contain a suspension incorporating one of the various substances for detection and which are communicated with the conduits, and a discharge device which adjusts the pressure inside the conduits and the storage sections and discharges the suspensions; a regeneration section for cleaning or replacing the conduits and the storage sections; a stage on which is mounted a film whereon printing is carried out by the printing device; a displacement device which enables the movement of the conduits relative to the regeneration section and the stage; and a control section for controlling the displacement device and the discharge device, and the control device effects control to repeatedly carry out the discharge and movement of the suspensions incorporating the substances for detection using the conduits, as well as the cleaning or replacement of the conduits and the storage sections, to thereby ensure that each of the suspensions will be positioned on the film mounted on the stage in narrow parallel lines and so as not to contact adjacent suspensions.  
           [0018]    A third aspect of the invention is an apparatus for positioning substances for detection which comprises: one or a plurality of liquid retention tips made up of a slotted needle, a cylinder, a pen nib, or a linear imprint section; a regeneration section for cleaning or replacing the liquid retention tips; a vessel having a plurality of liquid storage sections in which are contained suspensions incorporating each of the various substances for detection and into which the liquid retention tips are able to be inserted; a stage on which is mounted a film whereon painting, writing or imprinting is carried out by the liquid retention tips; a displacement device which enables the movement of the liquid retention tips relative to the regeneration section, the vessel and the stage; and a control section for controlling the displacement device, and the control device effects control to repeatedly carry out retention and displacement of the suspensions incorporating the substances for detection using the liquid retention tips, as well as cleaning or replacement of the tips, to thereby ensure that each of the suspensions will be positioned on the film mounted on the stage in narrow parallel lines and so as not to contact adjacent suspensions.  
           [0019]    In the above description, the term retention tip refers to a member like a pen nib for which both liquid retention, and output through either leakage or exudation are possible. With the third aspect of the invention it is also possible to replace the vessel with a storage section which is communicated with the liquid retention tip and which is able to supply the suspensions. In such a case the regeneration device cleans or replaces the entire liquid retention tip and storage section.  
           [0020]    For the first, second and third aspects of the invention, in those cases where the conduits, the liquid retention tips, or the conduits and storage sections are not detachable from the main body, the regeneration section is a cleaning tank containing a cleaning liquid into which the conduits and liquid retention tips can be inserted, whereas in those cases where the conduits, the liquid retention tips, or the conduits and storage sections are detachable from the main body, the regeneration section is a detachment section where following removable of each of the detachable members, a new conduit, liquid retention tip, or conduit and storage section is installed.  
           [0021]    Furthermore, it is preferable if the control section is controlled so that cleaning is carried out by passing the cleaning liquid repeatedly through the conduits and storage sections using the suction/discharge device, or by repeatedly moving the liquid retention tips inside the cleaning tank.  
           [0022]    By using the first, second and third aspect of the invention it is possible to automatically and reliably position suspensions incorporating substances for detection, without cross contamination and without human intervention, to forrn a plurality of parallel lines. Furthermore, by controlling the pressure inside the conduits, as well as the horizontal and vertical displacement of the conduits or the liquid retention tips relative to the film, and altering the shape of the conduits or the liquid retention tips, a substance for detection line of appropriate width and concentration can be positioned with ease, meaning significant variation is possible.  
           [0023]    In the case of the first and third aspect of the invention, cleaning or replacement is conducted solely with the conduits or the liquid retention tips, meaning processing is fairly simple. In contrast in the case of the second aspect of the invention, because the suspension is stored in the storage section, a vessel is not required to hold the suspension. In both the first aspect of the invention and the second aspect of the invention, the amount of liquid in the line, and the thickness of the line can be conveniently altered by adjusting the discharge strength.  
           [0024]    A fourth aspect of the invention is an apparatus for positioning substances for detection of according to any one of the first through third aspects of the invention, wherein the control section, with the conduits or liquid retention tips in which a particular type of suspension has been drawn up, retained or stored, sequentially repeats control so that the suspension is dispensed, painted, imprinted, written or printed on the film in a line from a predetermined position, and then so that the conduits or liquid retention tips are replaced or cleaned by the regeneration section, for positions successively displaced a minute distance from the predetermined position until all the different types of suspension have been completed, to thereby ensure that each of the suspensions incorporating a substance for detection will be positioned on the film mounted on the stage in narrow parallel lines and so as not to contact adjacent suspensions.  
           [0025]    With the fourth aspect of the invention, the respective suspensions are positioned on to the film in lines displaced a minute distance apart, while the conduits and liquid retention tips or the storage sections are either cleaned or replaced. Consequently, the suspensions can be reliably and simply positioned in parallel lines without any cross contamination.  
           [0026]    A fifth aspect of the invention is an apparatus for positioning substances for detection according to any one of the first through fourth aspects of the invention, which further comprises an integration device which rolls the film on which the substances for detection have been positioned and fixed in a series of parallel lines by dispersion, painting, impression, writing or printing, in a direction at right angles to the lines or alternatively laminates the film, and a cutting device for thinly slicing the film either after integration or prior to integration.  
           [0027]    The provision of a single cutting integration device which combines the two functions of integration and cutting is also possible.  
           [0028]    With the fifth aspect of the invention, because both an integration device for either rolling or laminating the film on which is positioned and fixed the substances for detection without bending the lines, and a cutting device are also provided, cutting the integrated film enables the reliable and simple manufacture of a carrier for substances for detection in large volumes.  
           [0029]    A sixth aspect of the invention is a film for use in positioning substances for detection, wherein with a film with suspensions incorporating substances for detection positioned or fixed on the surface in parallel lines at a predetermined spacing, for integration by either rolling up, or alternatively laminating the film to form a layered structure, a series of concave portions which are capable of holding the suspensions are formed in parallel lines on the surface of the film, and an adhesion portion which will bond the film surface is provided at portions of the film which come in contact upon integration.  
           [0030]    In the above description, the term “concave portion” incorporates channels and various other shapes.  
           [0031]    The film is used in the manufacture of carriers for substances for detection which are used in the analyses and examinations necessary for determining the chemical structure of biopolymers such as DNA.  
           [0032]    Furthermore, a “carrier for substances for detection” comprises either one, or two or more long and slender base members, and a variety of substances for detection of predetermined structure which are lined up and fixed along the length of the base members, and the base members are rolled, laminated or aligned, while bringing side portions thereof into contact with each other, while maintaining a spacing or while sandwiching an auxiliary member, to achieve a layered integration, and the substances for detection are fixed and retained on the base member, and the fixed location of each substance for detection on the layered surface is associated with the chemical structure thereof. The base members are produced by cutting the film. The shape of the carriers for substances for detection can be a thin circular sheet or a thin square sheet for example.  
           [0033]    Suitable materials for this type of film include organic materials such as resins such as polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene, nylon, and urethane, inorganic materials such as semiconductors, metals, metalloids, glass, glass fiber, and ceramics, as well as organic/inorganic mixed materials such as fine grains or ultra fine grains of a metal or a ceramic laid on the surface of a tape type or film type organic material. Furthermore, it is preferable to use processed materials which give superior fixation of biopolymers to the film surface such as polypropylene or nylon where the surface thereof has been coated with a latex coat, a foam resin, or microbeads.  
           [0034]    With a carrier for substances for detection manufactured from a film according to the present invention, channels or apertures will exist between the integrated base members. The channels and apertures where the substances for detection are not fixed can be filled with an adhesive or a filler.  
           [0035]    With the sixth and a twelfth aspects of the invention, concave portions which are capable of holding the suspensions are formed in lines across the surface, and moreover the sections outside of the concave portions or the underside are provided with adhesive portions for binding the film surface where it contacts the concave portions, and consequently, the suspension from adjacent lines will not contact across the spacing between the lines meaning a high density of suspensions can be positioned, and moreover by rolling, binding, and cutting the film, a carrier for substances for detection can be formed simply and reliably.  
           [0036]    A seventh aspect of the invention is a film for use in positioning substances for detection according to the sixth aspect of the invention, wherein the adhesive portion is either an adhesive which is painted, or coated on the film surface, or is minute irregularities or cilia which are provided on the film surface and which have the property of attaching like surface pairs to each other.  
           [0037]    In the above description the term “minute irregularities or cilia” refers to a surface such as a latex coat surface made of a polyester formed on a substrate made of polypropylene.  
           [0038]    With the present invention, the carrier for substances for detection will be bound in such a way that expansion is either possible or impossible. The carrier for substances for detection can also be bound by storage inside a storage vessel of a predetermined size. By storage inside a storage vessel it is possible to produce the carrier for substances for detection in cartridge form.  
           [0039]    With the seventh and twelfth aspects of the invention, the adhesive portion is either an adhesive which is painted, or coated on to the film surface, or alternatively is a region of minute irregularities or cilia which is provided on the film surface and which have the property of attaching like surface pairs to each other, and so consequently the film is of a simple structure, and can be bound simply and reliably to either enable expansion or prevent expansion.  
           [0040]    An eighth aspect of the invention, is a film for use in positioning substances for detection according to either one of the sixth or the seventh aspects of the invention, wherein the film is provided with either a linear type, particulate type, or sheet type homoiothermic material which is used for heating or cooling. Examples of this type of homoiothermic material include a conductor with a predetermined resistance value which is connected to a power supply, a conductive film, or iron powder which generates heat from oxidation.  
           [0041]    With the eighth and twelfth aspects of the invention, by providing the film with either a linear type, particulate type. or sheet type homoiothermic material which is used for heating or cooling, then the product generated by integrating the film, and the detection carriers formed by cutting the integrated product are of a simple structure, and can be heated or cooled very easily.  
           [0042]    A ninth aspect of the invention is a film for use in positioning substances for detection according to any one of the sixth through eighth aspects of the invention, wherein all or a portion of the film is either formed of, or coated with, a fixation material which will react with, bond with, impregnate, or adhere to the positioned substance for detection to thereby fix the substance for detection in place.  
           [0043]    Examples of this type of fixation material include materials which incorporate hydroxyl groups (—OH), amino groups (—NH 2 ), carboxyl groups (—COOH) or epoxy groups, or alternatively avidin or biotin which are coated or painted on to the surface in advance. In such cases the salt concentration can be adjusted. In so doing the biopolymer substances for detection can be fixed, or become more readily fixable.  
           [0044]    With the ninth and twelfth aspects of the invention, the substance for detection can be reliably and easily fixed to the film.  
           [0045]    A tenth aspect of the invention is a film for use in positioning substances for detection according to any one of the sixth through ninth aspects of the invention, wherein the film is provided with a line shaped mark for identifying a location on the film.  
           [0046]    The mark utilizes substances such as luminous materials. With the tenth aspect of the invention, the base members of the carrier for substances for detection are provided with marks for identifying the chemical structure of the substance for detection as well as the location on the surface of the layer formation of the carrier for substances for detection. According to the invention, the fixed location of each substance for detection on the surface of the layer formation of the carrier for substances for detection, and the bonding location of the labeled target substance being examined can be determined easily.  
           [0047]    When a spiral disk shaped carrier for substances for detection, which is manufactured by thinly slicing a roll of this type of film at right angles to the roll axis, is used in conducting an analysis of a target substance, then for example, a first mark nearest the center is set as a starting point, and for each spot on the spiral on which is positioned one of the substances for detection, a table is stored in a memory apparatus, which associates the angle from the center for each spot (fixed location) with the type of substance for detection and the chemical structure thereof. Furthermore, by positioning a plurality of marks at periodic intervals, the relationships with a plurality of fixed locations can be assigned simply and reliably.  
           [0048]    With the tenth and twelfth aspects of the invention, because the fixed locations of substances for detection can be simply and reliably determined using the marks, examinations or investigative analyses which use a carrier for substances for detection with this type of marking can be conducted with certainty and a good degree of reliability.  
           [0049]    An eleventh aspect of the invention is a material for substances for detection in which substances for detection of predetermined chemical structures are positioned on a film surface in parallel lines with a minute spacing therebetween, with the chemical structure of each substance for detection and the location thereof associated.  
           [0050]    This type of film is for example rectangular in shape, and displays sufficient impregnation ability or sufficient adhesion to the suspensions that adjacent lines of the suspensions formed through dispensing, painting, writing, or printing do not come in contact, or alternatively is provided with structures which prevent adjacent lines from contact.  
           [0051]    Examples of this type of structure include films in which the entire surface is provided with minute irregularities or cilia for bonding two surfaces of the film together. One end of the film may also be formed as an integrated part of a core. In such a case, the film on which is fixed the substances for detection is integrated by rolling about the core.  
           [0052]    In the eleventh and twelfth aspects of the invention, the substances for detection of predetermined chemical structure are positioned on the film surface in parallel lines which do not contact and which are separated by minute spacings, and the chemical structure of each of the substances for detection fixed on the film surface and the location of that substance for detection are associated. Consequently, by finely slicing the film, a plurality of uniform carriers for substances for detection can be produced easily, and in large numbers.  
           [0053]    The twelfth aspect of the invention is a material for substances for detection according to the eleventh aspect of the invention, wherein the film is the film for use in positioning substances for detection according to any one of the sixth through tenth [aspects of the] invention.  
           [0054]    A thirteenth aspect of the invention is a method for manufacturing a carrier for substances for detection, comprising a positioning step which uses an apparatus for positioning substances for detection according to any one of the first through fifth aspects of the invention, whereby suspensions which each incorporate one of a variety of substances for detection are positioned on to either one, or two or more films in a plurality of narrow, parallel lines which do not come in contact with one another, by dispensing, painting, imprinting, writing, or printing; an integration step wherein surfaces of the film on which is fixed each of the substances for detection are brought together in a direction at right angles to the lines, and then integration is carried out by either rolling or laminating the film in such a way that expansion is either possible or impossible, either with a spacing between the surfaces or with the surfaces sandwiching an auxiliary member; and a cutting step in which the film on which is fixed each of the substances for detection is thinly sliced to produce a plurality of carriers; and the fixed locations of each substance for detection on the layer formation surface, which is a cross section through the cut, and the chemical structure thereof are associated.  
           [0055]    A binding step for binding the film may also be provided, either following the integration step described above, or alternatively concurrently with the integration step. Furthermore, a fixation step for fixing the positioned substances for detection on to the film can also be included in the positioning step. Furthermore, the cutting step can be performed before the integration step, concurrently with the integration step, or after the integration step.  
           [0056]    By carrying out the cutting concurrently with the integration step, the amount of time required for the cutting step can be saved, thereby shortening the manufacturing time and speeding up the processing.  
           [0057]    A fourteenth aspect of the invention is a method for manufacturing a carrier for substances for detection according to the thirteenth aspect of the invention, wherein the positioning step sequentially repeats: a step in which each of the conduits or the liquid retention tips are moved to, and inserted into a vessel containing a suspension which incorporates a substance for detection of a predetermined type with the suspension then being drawn up and retained; a step in which each of the conduits or liquid retention tips dispenses, paints, imprints or writes the suspension in a line from a predetermined location on the film; and a regeneration step in which the conduits or liquid retention tips are cleaned or replaced, to thereby position the various suspensions which incorporate the substances for detection in parallel non-touching lines. The regeneration step comprises the repetition of a step in which the conduits or liquid retention tips are cleaned by being moved to, and then inserted into the cleaning tank, with the cleaning liquid then being passed through the conduits, or the conduits and storage sections, or in the case of the liquid retention tips, the tips being moved around inside the cleaning liquid.  
           [0058]    A fifteenth aspect of the invention is a method for manufacturing a carrier for substances for detection according to the thirteenth aspect of the invention, wherein the positioning step sequentially repeats: a step in which a conduit communicated with a storage section containing a suspension which incorporates a substance for detection of a predetermined type prints the suspension in a line from a predetermined location on the film; and a regeneration step in which the conduit and storage section are cleaned or replaced, to thereby position the suspension which incorporates the substance for detection in parallel non-touching lines.  
           [0059]    In those cases where the conduits, liquid retention tips, or the conduits and storage sections are able to be detached from the main body, the regeneration step comprises detachment and replacement with new conduits, liquid retention tips, or conduits and storage sections.  
           [0060]    With the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth aspects of the invention, the apparatus for positioning substances for detection is used for positioning each of the substances for detection, and moreover the surfaces of the film on which is fixed the substances for detection are then brought together without bending the lines, an integration carried out by either rolling or laminating the film, either with a spacing between the surfaces or with the surfaces sandwiching an auxiliary member, and then the film on which is fixed the substances for detection is then thinly sliced to produce a plurality of carriers.  
           [0061]    Consequently, by using such an apparatus for positioning substances for detection, large quantities of reliable, uniform carrier for substances for detection can be manufactured automatically without any significant human workload.  
           [0062]    A sixteenth aspect of the invention is a method of identifying the location of a substance for detection wherein at the time of identifying the location of a substance for detection on a carrier for substances for detection which has; either one, or two or more long and slender base members, a variety of substances for detection of predetermined chemical structure which are lined up and fixed along the length of the base members, and a mark which is provided at either one, or two or more specified positions on the base members, and the base members are rolled while bringing side portions thereby into contact with each other, while maintaining a space or while sandwiching an auxiliary member to achieve a layered integration, and the substances for detection are fixed and retained on the base member, and the fixed location of each substance for detection on the disk shaped layered surface is associated with the chemical structure of that substance for detection, the mark is taken as a starting point, and then depending on the distance lengthwise along the base member and the central angle. In this case, for instance, the location of the substance for detection is identified based on a correspondence table which associates the fixed location of each substance for detection with the type of substance for detection and the chemical structure thereof.  
           [0063]    With the sixteenth aspect of the invention, by taking the marks, which are relatively few in number in comparison with the number of fixed locations of the substances for detection, as starting points, and then associating the fixed location of the substances for detection for each mark, the reliability and certainty of the location detection of the carrier for substances for detection can be improved.  
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0064]    [0064]FIG. 1 is an apparatus for positioning substances for detection according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0065]    [0065]FIG. 2 is a plan view of a film according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0066]    [0066]FIG. 3 is a side view of a film according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0067]    [0067]FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the positioning of a suspension on to a film according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0068]    [0068]FIG. 5 is another diagram showing the positioning of a suspension on to a film according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0069]    [0069]FIG. 6 is yet another diagram showing the positioning of a suspension on to a film according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0070]    [0070]FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a carrier for substances for detection manufactured by a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0071]    [0071]FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a microplate which corresponds with the positioning of a suspension on to a film according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0072]    [0072]FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a carrier for substances for detection manufactured by a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0073]    [0073]FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a carrier for substances for detection of DNA according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0074]    [0074]FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a reagent tank and a roller tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0075]    [0075]FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a cutting and rolling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0076]    [0076]FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing a manufacturing method for a carrier for substances for detection according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0077]    As follows is a description of embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments described here do not limit the invention in any way unless particularly specified.  
         [0078]    FIGS.  1  ( a ) and  1  ( b ) show an entire apparatus for positioning substances for detection  10  according to an embodiment of the present invention. The substances for detection to be positioned by the apparatus for positioning substances for detection  10  are, for example, the oligonucleotides with each of the base sequences that need to be detected in order to determine the base sequence of an unknown DNA.  
         [0079]    As is shown in the two figures, the apparatus for positioning substances for detection  10  comprises a plurality ( 12  in this example) of nozzles  11  which function as conduits, and a cleanable dispenser  12  which suctions and discharges a plurality of suspensions. Furthermore, the apparatus for positioning substances for detection  10  also comprises a cleanable dispenser  14  with a suction and discharge nozzle  13  for the drawing up and discharge of a marking liquid such as a luminous liquid for use in marking. The dispensers  12  and  14  are equipped with a suction/discharge device (not shown in the figures) for adjusting the pressure inside the nozzles  11  and  13 .  
         [0080]    Furthermore, the apparatus for positioning substances for detection  10  is also equipped with a displacement device (not shown in the figures) which enables independent movement of the dispensers  12  and  14  along the XYZ axes to all regions of the table  15 .  
         [0081]    Reagent tanks  16  and  17  containing the various reagents are provided on the table  15  of the apparatus for positioning substances for detection  10 . Examples of the reagents include adhesives which are required in the bonding and binding of the film described below, and ultraviolet curing resins, and such reagents are applied following positioning of the substances for detection and before rolling. Other reagents could include fixation materials necessary for fixing the substances for detection, such as solutions and adhesives which incorporate hydroxyl groups, amino groups, carboxyl groups, epoxy groups, biotin or avidin, and such reagents would be applied to the film prior to positioning of the substances for detection.  
         [0082]    Furthermore, six microplates  19  with 96 wells, a microplate  20  with 384 wells, and a microplate  21  with 1536 wells are provided as vessels which each comprise a plurality of storage sections  18  into which the nozzles  11  are able to be inserted and which contain suspensions incorporating each of the various oligonucleotides.  
         [0083]    A film  22  is mounted on a stage on the table  15 , and dispensing, painting, or imprinting of the suspensions is carried out by the dispenser  12 , while dispensing, painting, or imprinting of the marking liquid is carried out by the dispenser  14 .  
         [0084]    The effect of having the film transparent or semitransparent, is that when the film is used as a carrier for substances for detection, light emission from the marking substance can be captured with a good degree of reliability.  
         [0085]    One end of the film  22  is formed so as to be attached to a substantially cylindrical core  24  which is rotated by a rolling apparatus  23  which functions as the integration device, or alternatively is formed as one with the core  24 . The core  24  which is formed as one with the film  22  is formed of the same material as the film  22 , such as a resin. The core  24  is rotated using a motor  26  via a gear  25 . The core  24  can also be formed as one with the gear  25  which can then be later removed by cutting away.  
         [0086]    Furthermore, the opposite end of the film  22  is attached to a mounting shaft  27 , and a slider  28  is provided at either end of the mounting shaft  27 . The sliders  28  are mounted onto slide channels  29  which guide the feeding of the film  22  in a constant direction during rotation of the core  24 . In order to apply tension to the film  22 , the mounting shaft  27  is urged by a resilient device such as a spring in the opposite direction to the roll direction.  
         [0087]    Furthermore, a temperature control board  30  is provided underneath the film  22 . The temperature control board  30  is formed using a Peltier element for example. Heating or cooling can be conducted by changing the direction of the current flowing through the Peltier element. Consequently, reactions and bonding between fixed materials and substances for detection can be promoted, enabling more rapid processing. The Peltier element can also be used for drying the suspensions.  
         [0088]    Lines  31  drawn on to the film  22  are produced by dispensing, painting or imprinting of the suspensions by the dispenser  12 , whereas lines  32  are produced by dispensing, painting or imprinting of the marking liquid by the dispenser  14 . At the opposite end of the film  22  to the core  24 , a blank region  33  is provided which can be used for bonding and bundling the surface of the rolled film  22 .  
         [0089]    Also provided on the table  15  is a regeneration section comprising a cleaning tank  35  containing a cleaning liquid into which the nozzles I I and  13  are able to be inserted. The regeneration section is used to carry out cleaning of the nozzles I I and  13  of the cleanable dispensers  12  and  14 . The cleaning tank  35  is a series of vessels into which each of the nozzles I I and  13  can be inserted, with the cleaning liquid contained in the vessels able to be changed regularly. Impurities are removed by passing ultrasonic waves through each of the vessels. Numeral  34  denotes a vessel containing the marking liquid for drawing up by the dispenser  14 .  
         [0090]    Next is a description of an apparatus for positioning substances for detection  10  which uses a disposable tip type dispenser in which the conduits are able to be detached from the main body.  
         [0091]    As can be seen in FIG. I ( c ), a disposable tip type dispenser  37  is used in place of the dispenser  12 , wherein a plurality ( 12  in the example shown) of disposable tips  36 , which are freely detachable and which draw up and discharge the suspensions, are mounted on to the main body as conduits. Furthermore, a disposable tip type dispenser  39  with a disposable tip  38  is used in place of the dispenser  14  for drawing up and discharging the marking liquid used in the marking process. FIG. I ( e ) shows a detached tip  36  ( 38 ). Each tip  36  and  38  is mounted on a mounting nozzle  40  provided on the respective dispensers  37  and  39 .  
         [0092]    Furthermore for this example, instead of the cleaning tank  35 , the aforementioned regeneration section is a tip rack  41 , which is provided on the table  15  and contains replacement tips which are able to be mounted on the dispensers  37  and  39  in place of the tips  36  and  38 .  
         [0093]    FIG. I ( d ) is a roller tool  42  which is used in those cases where fixation materials for fixing the substances for detection, or reagents such as adhesives are applied to, or coated on to the entire surface of the film  22  in bulk.  
         [0094]    The roller tool  42  comprises a mounting portion  44  which is equipped with a series of mating apertures  43  which mate with the mounting nozzles  40  of the dispensers  37  and  39 , and a roller  45  which is able to rotate with respect to the mounting portion  44 . By attaching the roller tool  42  to the dispensers  12  and  14  or the dispensers  37  and  39  and using the aforementioned displacement device, the reagents contained in the reagent tanks  16  and  17  can be applied to, or coated on to the surface of the film  22 .  
         [0095]    Moreover although not shown in the figures, the apparatus for positioning substances for detection  10  is also provided with a control section for controlling the suction/discharge device of the dispensers  12 ,  14 ,  37  and  39 , the displacement device, and the rolling apparatus of the integration device. The control section incorporates an information processing apparatus which comprises: an input section constructed of devices such as a keyboard, a mouse, switches, buttons, a touch panel, and a floppy disk drive for carrying out the input of data or operational instructions from an operator; an output section which comprises a CRT, a liquid crystal display panel or a printer for displaying and outputting to the operator operational results, the content of instructions, or data; a data storage apparatus which comprises a device such as a memory device, a hard disk, a floppy disk, or a CD for storing various data; and a computational device such as a CPU for analyzing operational instructions and sending the appropriate instructions to each of the devices, displaying operational results, and carrying out a variety of calculations and analyses.  
         [0096]    Next is a detailed description of the film  22 , based on FIG. 2.  
         [0097]    In FIG. 2, a plurality of parallel lines  31  of a variety of suspensions, which have been positioned on the film  22  by dispensing, are provided with a predetermined spacing between adjacent lines. In the figure numeral  46  denotes the spacing between adjacent nozzles I I of the dispenser  12 , or the spacing between adjacent tips  36  of the dispenser  37 . Including the two outside edges, nine lines  31  corresponding to nine different suspensions are positioned within the spacing  46 .  
         [0098]    If it is assumed that the spacing between adjacent nozzles or adjacent tips is 9 mm for example, then in FIG. 2 nine lines have been drawn within this 9 mm spacing, meaning the spacing, or the pitch, between adjacent lines is 9÷8=1.125 (mm).  
         [0099]    Consequently, in order to draw out 1000 lines, a film  22  of a length of 1.125×999≈1124 mm=1.124 m is necessary. If the assumption is made that the film  22  is integrated by rolling with the aforementioned rolling apparatus, then if the thickness of the film  22  is assumed to be 0.03 mm for example, and the diameter of the core  24  assumed to be 2 mm, then the total surface area of the very narrow rectangle representing the side surface of the film (the length of the film representing the length and the thickness of the film the width) is 0.03×1124=33.72 mm 2 , and therefore if the diameter of the core  24  is 2 mm, then the bottom surface of the cylinder formed by rolling the 1 m film  22  into a cylinder will have a diameter of approximately 6.8 mm. By slicing the cylinder in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the core, a plurality of carriers for substances for detection can be generated.  
         [0100]    The carriers for substances for detection will support a high density of 1000 various substances for detection within a circular sheet of diameter 6 mm. Despite the very high density, the spacing between adjacent lines on the film  22  is a length of approximately 1.125 mm, so the positioning processing can be carried out simply, quickly and accurately.  
         [0101]    [0101]FIG. 3 shows a series of examples of a variety of films for use in positioning substances for detection.  
         [0102]    The film for use in positioning substances for detection  50  of FIG. 3( a ) comprises a substrate  51  on which is provided a plurality of flat bottomed, line shaped concave sections  52  which run parallel to one another with a constant spacing between sections. The spacing between adjacent concave sections  52  is less than the actual spacing across a single concave section  52 . The film for use in positioning substances for detection  53  of FIG. 3 ( b ) comprises a substrate  54  on which is provided a plurality of acute angled, line shaped concave sections  55  which run parallel to one another with a constant spacing between sections. The spacing between adjacent concave sections  55  is greater than the spacing across a single concave section  55 .  
         [0103]    The film for use in positioning substances for detection  56  of FIG. 3 ( c ) comprises a substrate  57  on which is provided a plurality of obtuse angled, line shaped concave sections  58  which run parallel to one another with a constant spacing between sections. Adjacent concave sections  58  contact one another. The film for use in positioning substances for detection  59  of FIG. 3 ( d ) comprises a substrate  60  on which is provided a plurality of minute, obtuse angled, line shaped concave sections  61  which run parallel to one another with a constant spacing between sections. Adjacent minute, concave sections  61  contact one another. The film for use in positioning substances for detection  62  of FIG. 3( e ) comprises a plurality of closely compacted cilia  64  which are provided on both the top and bottom surfaces of a substrate  63 .  
         [0104]    [0104]FIG. 4 ( a ) shows the dispensing, using the dispenser  12 , of suspensions of substances for detection which have been drawn up from the storage vessels, on to the film for use in positioning substances for detection  50  shown in FIG. 3 ( a ). Each of the 12 (only two are shown in the figure) nozzles  11  of the dispenser  12  is inserted into a concave section  52  without touching the bottom of the section, and is then moved along in the direction of the concave section  52  while discharging the suspension. In the example shown, the spacing between adjacent nozzles  11  is nine concave sections  52  including the two outside edges. Numeral  65  denotes a suction/discharge device.  
         [0105]    [0105]FIG. 4 ( b ) shows the use of a recording device  68  with a slotted needle  66  in place of the dispenser  12  of FIG. 4 ( a ), and the suspensions contained in the storage vessels are retained and then painted or written on to the film. Each of the 12 (only two are shown in the diagram) needles  66  of the recording device  68  is inserted into a concave section  52  without touching the bottom of the section, and is then moved along in the direction of the concave section  52  while discharging small quantities of the suspension. Numeral  67  denotes a slot for retaining the suspension.  
         [0106]    [0106]FIG. 5 ( a ) shows the dispensing, using the dispenser  12 , of suspensions of substances for detection which have been drawn up from the storage vessels, on to the film for use in positioning substances for detection  59  shown in FIG. 3 ( d ). Each of the 12 (only two are shown in the figure) nozzles I I of the dispenser  12  is not inserted inside the minute concave sections  61  but contacts the tips of the minute convex sections. Each nozzle I I is then moved along in the direction of the concave sections  61  while discharging the suspension. In the case shown, the suspension is not necessarily applied to only one of the concave sections  61 , but is rather applied so as to extend across a plurality of concave sections  61 .  
         [0107]    [0107]FIG. 5 ( b ) shows the use of the recording device  68  with a slotted needle  66  in place of the dispenser  12  of FIG. 5 ( a ), and the suspensions contained in the storage vessels are retained and then painted on to the film. Each of the 12 (only two are shown in the figure) needles  66  of the recording device  68  is inserted into a concave section  61  until contact is made with the bottom of the section, and is then moved along in the direction of the concave section  61  while discharging small quantities of the suspension. In the case shown, the suspension spreads out over a narrow region covering slightly more than a single concave section  61 .  
         [0108]    [0108]FIG. 6 shows the dispensing, using the dispenser  12 , of suspensions of substances for detection which have been drawn up from the storage vessels, on to the film for use in positioning substances for detection  62  shown in FIG. 3 ( e ). Each of the 12 (only two are shown in the figure) nozzles  11  of the dispenser  12  contacts the minute cilia  64 . Each nozzle  11  is then moved along in the direction of the lines while discharging the suspension.  
         [0109]    [0109]FIG. 7 ( a ) shows a film  53  which has been rolled about a core  24  using a rolling apparatus  23  as the aforementioned integration device, and then cut thinly (sliced) in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the core. The thickness of each slice is approximately 0.1 mm for example.  
         [0110]    [0110]FIG. 7 ( b ) shows a carrier for substances for detection  70 , which is an enlargement of the side view of a single slice. FIG. 7 ( c ) shows an enlargement of the carrier for substances for detection  70  viewed from the layered surface (equivalent to a cross-section view of the cut).  
         [0111]    The carrier for substances for detection  70  comprises a base member  71  formed in a single strip (a slice of the film  22 ), and various substances for detection  73  of predetermined chemical structure which are fixed at fixed locations  72  (shown as white triangular sections and not all of which are shown) along the length of the base member  71 . The base member  71  is integrated by bringing the side portions thereof together while rolling the base member around a central core  74  (equivalent to the core  24 , an auxiliary member), and the fixed location of each substance for detection on the layered surface is associated with the chemical structure of that particular substance for detection. Numerals  75 ,  76  and  77  (the black triangular sections) denote the marks formed of luminous material which are used for determining position on the layered surface.  
         [0112]    In the example shown, the location of each substance for detection is expressed in terms of a distance measured along the base member and a central angle, with each of the marks  75 ,  76  and  77  as starting points, and this data is stored in the data storage apparatus of the aforementioned information processing apparatus. By so doing it is possible to improve the specific certainty of a detected substance for detection based on the location of the substance.  
         [0113]    The fixed locations  72  (the white triangular sections) of substances for detection shown in FIG. 7 ( c ) are for the purposes of this description limited to only the substances for detection which correspond with the thick solid lines  31  of FIG. 8 ( b ). Hence, the fixed locations  72  shown in FIG. 7( c ) are shown at the spacing between adjacent nozzles, with those fixed locations which exist in the spacing between adjacent nozzles being omitted. Furthermore, a first mark  75  (a black triangular section) which is the closest mark in FIG. 7 ( c ) to the core  74  corresponds to the left hand line  32  in FIG. 8 ( b ). A second mark  76  in FIG. 7 ( c ) corresponds to the right hand line  32  in FIG. 8 ( b ).  
         [0114]    Consequently, in the region between the first mark  75  and the second mark  76  only 12 fixed locations  72  of substances for detection are shown in FIG. 7 ( c ), whereas in actual fact fixed locations exist for the 96 lines labeled as numeral  31  in FIG. 8( b ). The number of fixed locations will correspond with the number of liquid storage sections  18  of the microplate  19  shown in FIG. 8 ( a ). In the example shown in the figures, a mark is incorporated at a rate of one mark per 96 lines. By detecting the marks, identification of the locations of each of the corresponding substances for detection and the varieties thereof can be carried out relatively easily.  
         [0115]    [0115]FIG. 9 shows one portion of a carrier for substances for detection  80  produced by using the rolling apparatus  23  to roll and slice the dispensed product shown in FIG. 6 which uses the film  62  shown in FIG. 3 ( e ). The carrier for substances for detection  80  comprises a base member  81  formed in a single strip (a slice of the film  62 ), and various substances for detection  82  of predetermined chemical structure which are fixed along the length of the base member  8   1 , and the base member  81  is integrated by bringing the side portions thereof together while rolling the base member  81  around a central core  83  (equivalent to the core  24 ), and the fixed location of each substance for detection on the layered surface is associated with the chemical structure of that particular substance for detection.  
         [0116]    [0116]FIG. 10 shows one portion of another carrier for substances for detection  90 . The carrier for substances for detection  90  comprises a base member  91  formed in a single strip (a slice of the film  50 ). and various oligonucleotides  93  as substances for detection of predetermined base sequence (equivalent to chemical structure) which are fixed in concave sections  92  (equivalent to the concave sections  52 ) formed along the length of the base member  91 . The base member  91  is integrated by rolling with a spacing maintained between the side sections thereof, and the fixed location of each oligonucleotide on the layered surface is associated with the base sequence of that particular oligonucleotide.  
         [0117]    Numeral  94  represents a target DNA which is to be examined or analyzed, and numeral  95  represents a fluorescent substance for labeling of the DNA. Based on the position on the layered surface where light emission from the fluorescent substance is detected, the target DNA is identified as a hybridized oligonucleotide base sequence, and by linking the base sequences the entire structure of the unidentified DNA can be specified.  
         [0118]    Furthermore in the embodiment shown, the base member  91  has been rolled with a spacing maintained, and so by passing liquid through the cavity, the contact between a target substance and each substance for detection can be increased, thus effectively accelerating reaction rates.  
         [0119]    [0119]FIG. 11 ( a ) shows a reagent tank  100  for use with the roller tool  42  shown in FIG. 1, which ensures a uniform application of the reagent to the surface of the roller  45  during application of the reagent to the surface of the film  22 . FIG. I I ( b ) shows the roller tool  42  shown in FIG. 1 mounted on the dispensers  37  and  39 . The mating apertures  43  of the mounting portion  44  mate with the mounting nozzles  40  of the dispensers  37  and  39  to mount the roller tool on to the dispensers  37  and  39 .  
         [0120]    In the reagent tank  100  of FIG. 11 ( a ), numeral  101  denotes a planar section which ensures a uniform application of the reagent to the surface of the roller  45  of the roller tool  42 . Numeral  102  denotes a deep tank section which contains the reagent. Numeral  103  denotes the reagent such as a liquid resin contained in the tank  102 . The use of the reagent tank  100  involves using a spatula to take reagent  103  contained in the deep tank section  102  and form a layer of the reagent on the planar section  101 , and then applying the reagent to the roller  45  by moving the roller across the surface of the planar section  101 .  
         [0121]    [0121]FIG. 12 shows a cutting and rolling apparatus  110  for cutting the aforementioned film to manufacture carriers for substances for detection. The apparatus  110  will, for example, cut the film  50  into narrow cords and then roll the cut film.  
         [0122]    The apparatus  110  comprises a motor  26 , a gear  111  which is mounted concentrically with the motor shaft of the motor  26 , a gear  120  which meshes with the gear  111 , and a rotational shaft  112 , which is fixed to the gear  120  and is rotated by the motor  26 , and on which is installed a core  113 .  
         [0123]    Furthermore the apparatus  110  is also provided with rotational auxiliary rollers  114 ,  115 ,  116  and  117  which hold the film  50  to prevent blurring and distortion during the rolling process, and moreover which ensure sufficient tension is applied to the film  50 . The rotational auxiliary rollers  114  and  115  are principally for holding the rolled film  50 , whereas the rotational auxiliary rollers  116  and  117  are principally for maintaining tension on the film. In the region enclosed between the rotational auxiliary rollers  116  and the rotational auxiliary rollers  117  there is also provided a cutting section  118  for thinly slicing the film  50 , for which positioning of the substances for detection has already been completed, in the direction of the rolling. Numeral  119  denotes a stage on which the film  50  is mounted.  
         [0124]    The cutting performed by the cutting section  118  can be carried out by the tip of a blade or by laser irradiation for example. In FIG. 12 the core  113  is provided around the outside perimeter of the rotational shaft  112 , with the core  113  and the film  50  being formed as an integrated unit.  
         [0125]    [0125]FIG. 13 shows a flow chart detailing the manufacture of a carrier for substances for detection.  
         [0126]    The description below is for the case when 12×8 types (96 types) of substance for detection are positioned on a film  22  using the dispenser  12  shown in FIG. 1, with nine parallel lines positioned in the spacing  46  between adjacent nozzles including the two outside edges, as shown in FIG. 2. Each of the suspensions containing one of the 96 substances for detection is contained in one of the wells of the 96-well microplate  19  shown in FIG. 1.  
         [0127]    At step S 1  the roller tool  42  is used to apply a fixation material required for fixing the substances for detection, to the entire surface of a film, for example the film  22 . The mating apertures  43  of the mounting portion  44  of the roller tool  42  mate with the nozzles  11  of the dispensers  12  and  14 , or with the mounting nozzles  40  of the dispensers  37  and  39 , and the roller tool  42  is then moved across the surface of the film  22  using a displacement device (which is not shown in the figures) of the dispensers  37  and  39 .  
         [0128]    On the first count (n=1) at step S 2 , the 12 nozzles  11  of the dispenser  12  draw up from the liquid storage sections of the 96-well microplate  19 , a first suspension of a substance for detection (through the first nozzle  11 ), a ninth suspension of a substance for detection (through the second nozzle), and similarly through to an 89th suspension of a substance for detection (through the 12th nozzle  11 ). In the case where the aforementioned recording device with liquid retention tips is used, each of the liquid retention tips are simply immersed in the appropriate liquid storage sections of the microplate  19 , with no suction being necessary. Moreover, in the case of a printing apparatus, the step S 2  is itself unnecessary.  
         [0129]    At step S 3 , the left most nozzle  11  in the figures is moved to the first location at the top left hand edge of the film  22 , with the other nozzles  11  being positioned at uniform spacings across the top of the film. The first location is the location which corresponds with the first type of substance for detection, and the locations of each of the other  11  nozzles which are automatically spaced at the aforementioned spacing correspond with the 9th type of substance for detection, through to the 89th substance for detection.  
         [0130]    At step S 4  the dispenser  12  is moved in a vertical direction (in the figure) down the film  22  while dispensing, painting, or imprinting lines of the various suspensions. In the case of the recording device the liquid retention tips are moved in a vertical direction (in the figure) while painting, imprinting, or writing the lines of the suspensions, whereas in the case of the printing apparatus the conduits are moved along the same lines in a vertical direction (in the figure) while printing.  
         [0131]    At step S 5  the  12  lines  31  have been drawn, and the nozzles  11  are moved to the cleaning tank  35  and cleaned. In the case where a disposable tip type dispenser  37  is used the tips  36  are exchanged at the tip rack  41 . Furthermore in the case of the recording device the liquid retention tips are cleaned or replaced. In the case of the printing apparatus the conduits and storage sections are cleaned or replaced. Conducting cleaning or replacement in this manner enables the prevention of cross contamination with other substances for detection.  
         [0132]    Next, at the second count (n=2) the procedure returns to step S 2 , and the processing of steps S 2 -S 5  is carried out on a second suspension of a substance for detection (through the first nozzle  11 ), a tenth suspension of a substance for detection (through the second nozzle), and similarly through to an 90th suspension of a substance for detection (through the 12th nozzle  11 ). The second location is a location between the already positioned lines  31  which is displaced from the first location by a spacing sufficient to prevent contact of the lines. In the example shown in the diagrams, the second location is displaced a distance of one eighth of the spacing  46  across from the first location. By repeating the processing of steps S 2 -S 5  until the eighth count (n=8), 96 types of substances for detection can be positioned in parallel lines on the film  22 , as shown in FIG. 2  
         [0133]    This process completes the positioning of the suspensions from a single 96-well microplate  19 .  
         [0134]    In order to position 1000 suspensions, either approximately ten 96-well microplates  19  would be prepared, or if a dispenser with 24 conduits were to be used then approximately three 384-well microplates  20  would be prepared, with the above processing then repeated as necessary.  
         [0135]    At step S 6  the reaction, bonding, or adhesion between the substances for detection in the positioned suspensions and the fixation material is allowed to proceed, with the substances for detection either fixed to the film surface  22 , or the suspensions dried.  
         [0136]    At step S 7  the fixed film  22  to which the substances for detection are fixed, is rolled and bound about the core  24  using the rolling apparatus  23  to produce an overall cylindrical shape.  
         [0137]    At step S 8  the rolled and bound film  22  is cut thinly in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the roll to manufacture a plurality of carriers for substances for detection.  
         [0138]    In the processing described above, steps S 1 -S 6  correspond with a positioning step, step S 7  is an integration step, and step S 8  corresponds with a cutting step. In the above processing a pre-processing step can be included before step S 1  where the film  22  can be coated with latex, foam resins or microbeads, or processed with channels. Furthermore step S 1  is unnecessary in those cases where either the film  22  itself is made of a material which has the property of fixing the substances for detection, or the film has been processed to produce such a fixation property.  
         [0139]    Furthermore, a post-processing step for the film  22 , on which the substances for detection have been positioned, can be included between steps S 5  and S 6 , or concurrently with step S 6 , or between steps S 6  and S 7 . The post-processing step would include cases such as when an adhesive or an ultraviolet curing resin is applied to the film  22  with the aforementioned roller tool  42  for purposes of binding the rolled film  22 .  
         [0140]    Moreover, the cutting at step S 8  can be carried out prior to rolling between steps S 6  and S 7  if the aforementioned cutting and rolling apparatus is used. Similarly, the cutting could also be carried out concurrently with step S 7 .  
         [0141]    The embodiments above have been described in detail to further explain the present invention, and in no way preclude other embodiments. Consequently, the embodiments can be altered provided the gist of the invention is retained. For example, each of the structural elements, each of the films, and each of the devices described above can be combined in any manner and modified as necessary.  
         [0142]    Furthermore, the above description focuses primarily on the positioning of substances for detection on a film using a dispenser, but of course positioning is also possible using a printing device or a recording device. Furthermore, the description refers to a circular type carrier for substances for detection, but a square carrier is also possible. Moreover, the above description refers to the use of oligonucleotides as the substances for detection, but the invention is not limited to the substances described, and can also be used with biopolymers such as other heredity substances, proteins, immune systems, and sugars, or with tissue.