Abstract:
A rating limit is set corresponding to first user input and an exception to the rating limit is set corresponding to a second user input. Information for specifying the rating of a program and for identifying the program is received. The rating is compared with the stored rating limit and it is determined using the information for identifying the program whether an exception from the rating limit for the program has been set. Access to the program is controlled in response to the results of the comparing and checking of the received information.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for selectively accessing programs in a parental control system.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    Television broadcasts may contain content that could be harmful to children like violence or sexual content. Therefore, various parental control systems have been developed for blocking inappropriate programs or channels.  
           [0003]    In the U.S. a blocking system has been employed for television content advisories (ratings) using the so-called V-chip. The ratings are encoded by the broadcaster during the vertical blanking period of an NTSC television signal, more specifically during line  21  of field  2 , using a data format referred to as Extended Data Services or XDS. The XDS data format is similar to the format of closed caption data in the U.S. which is encoded in line  21  of field  1  of an NTSC television signal. The data formats for both XDS and closed caption information are specified in the EIA-608 standard developed by the Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) in the U.S. The rating signal is transmitted together with the respective TV show and detected by the V-chip system implemented in the TV apparatus. The system decodes the line  21  data, compares it with the allowed rating and then either blocks the signal or lets it through. Note that references herein to TV apparatus, TV systems, TV set, and/or video signal processing systems or apparatus are intended to encompass any system, either with or without a display device, for processing a video or TV signal that includes auxiliary information, such as XDS data, for providing ratings information. Examples of such systems include televisions, VCR, DVD, satellite signal receiver, set-top boxes, cable boxes, etc.  
           [0004]    A system such as V-Chip requires parents to identify the ratings they wish to block on two different rating systems: the TV Parental Guidelines, and the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) movie ratings, which are used on unedited movies shown on premium cable channels. The TV Parental Guidelines consist of an age-based rating that indicates the age group for which a particular program is considered suitable and a content-based rating. The MPAA movie ratings are also divided into age groups but differ from the above mentioned television ratings.  
           [0005]    The setting up of the rating limits is usually done by means of onscreen directions offered for the two separate ratings systems. For example, for movie ratings the user may highlight “PG-13” indicating that all programs above this rating should be blocked, and all programs below this rating should be deemed acceptable. For the TV rating limits the user also has to select an age-based rating, e.g. “TV-14”. In addition, for TV rating limits the user must also determine whether to block certain types of content, wherein the content-based rating may be defined differently for the various age-based ratings.  
           [0006]    Another capability that can be provided within a parental control system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,949,471. This system allows the user to enable a V-block mode which blocks offending scenes from viewing, to select particular programs to be blocked from viewing or to specify all programs on a particular channel to be blocked. A particular program is blocked based on the channel, date, time-of-date and length of this program, which can be entered by the user as a compressed code.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0007]    The invention is based on the recognition of the following fact. When a user establishes rating limits to control the programming that the children are permitted to view, the user is forced to rely on the MPAA rating, TV rating or content ratings, given to that program by the broadcasters. However, there may be some programs that the user would prefer his or her children did not watch, even though the rating level given to that program might normally be acceptable to the user. Likewise, there may be programs that the user deems acceptable for viewing by the children, even though the rating given to that program might normally be a cause for concern for the user.  
           [0008]    Therefore, according to an embodiment of the invention rating limits are set corresponding to first user inputs. Furthermore, exceptions from said rating limits are set corresponding to second user inputs. Both, the rating limits and the exceptions from said rating limits are stored. Information for specifying the rating of a program and for identifying the program is received. The rating is compared with the stored rating limits and it is checked with the information for identifying the program whether an exception from the rating limit for the program has been set. Access to said program is allowed depending on the results of the comparing and checking of the received information. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0009]    Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described on the basis of the drawings, in which  
         [0010]    [0010]FIG. 1: is a high level block diagram of an apparatus suitable of selectively blocking the viewing of television programs;  
         [0011]    [0011]FIG. 2: is a flow diagram of a method for the set-up of rating exceptions;  
         [0012]    [0012]FIG. 3: is a flow diagram of a method for selectively blocking or enabling the viewing of television programs;  
         [0013]    [0013]FIG. 4: is an on-screen display of an introduction into the Never Block Program List set-up;  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 5: is an on-screen display of an introduction into the Always Block Program List setup;  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 6: is an on-screen display of an Always Block Program List;  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 7: is an on-screen display for entering an additional program to the Always Block Program List;  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 8: is an on-screen display for removing a program from the Always Block Program List;  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 9: is an on-screen display of a Never Block Program List;  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 10: is an on-screen for unlocking the system in the case of a blocked program. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0020]    [0020]FIG. 1 depicts a high-level block diagram of an embodiment suitable of selectively blocking the viewing of television programs, implemented in a receiver device, e.g. in a TV set or set top box. Only parts relevant for the invention are described, while usual components like a tuner or demodulator are not shown.  
         [0021]    The TV signal may be received in an arbitrary way, e.g. terrestrial, via cable, satellite or Internet in the case of a broadcasted signal. However, the TV signal may also be received from a playback device like a VCR, DVD player or the like.  
         [0022]    An input device  10  allows calling up the feature for setting up rating limits and exceptions of these rating limits. The input device  10  may be any device utilized to provide input to devices like TV sets, set top boxes, computers etc. Examples of the input device  10  include a remote control, a keypad, a computer mouse, a microphone, a touch screen, and the like. An input interface  11  enables the processor  12  to receive commands from the input device  10 . In response to a command starting the rating limits feature the processor  12  executes instructions in order to provide on-screen displays and to allow user inputs as described later on. The data for the display of the on-screen displays are supplied to the onscreen display generator  17  for generating the respective screen displays, which are displayed on a display device  18 , e.g. the television screen.  
         [0023]    Besides the setting of rating limits, which are stored in a rating limits database  14 , the selective access application  13  allows also entering exceptions to the rating limits which are stored in a rating exceptions database  15 .  
         [0024]    The selective access application  13 , the rating limits database  14  and the rating exceptions database  15  may be stored in the same memory device  16  but also in a combination of memory devices including random access memories (RAM), non-volatile or backup memories (e.g. programmable or flash memories), read only memories (ROM), and the like.  
         [0025]    An incoming TV signal  19  is fed to a decoder  110 , which separates and decodes data representing the recommended rating and data identifying the currently running program from the TV signal. For an analog TV signal both data can be transmitted in the Vertical Blanking Interval, e.g. as Extended Data Services data as specified in the EIA-608 standard. For a digital. TV signal the data may be included in service information which is transmitted in addition to the video and audio signal, e.g. according to the MPEG 2 systems standard.  
         [0026]    The data are supplied to the processor  12 , which compares the recommended ratings with the rating limits stored in the rating limits database  14  and checks with the information identifying the current program whether an exception from the rating limits is stored in the rating exceptions database  15 . As a result the processor  12  blocks the display of the TV signal  19  as symbolized by switch  111 , if either the rating limits indicate that the specific television program is to be blocked and no exception from the rating limits for said specific television program is set or the exception from said rating limits indicate that said specific television program is to be blocked. In the same way processor  12  enables the viewing of a television program if either the rating limits indicate that a specific television program is not to be blocked and no exception from said rating limits for said specific television program is set or an exception from said rating limits indicate that the specific television program is not to be blocked.  
         [0027]    The exceptions indicating that particular television programs are to be enabled for viewing are included in a so-called Never Block Program List. This list allows the user to specify certain programs that should never be blocked by the system from viewing, even if these programs exceed the rating limits that were previously established by the user in the Movie Rating Limits and TV Rating Limits screens. For example, though the user may establish a rating limit such that all programs rated above TV-PG be blocked from viewing by the users of the system, the user may decide that the program Will &amp; Grace, which is rated TV-14, is acceptable for viewing by those users. If the user subsequently adds the program Will &amp; Grace to the Never Block Program List the system will not block any episodes of that program. Therefore, the user is not required to be present and to enter a password to unlock the system for viewing each time an episode of the program Will &amp; Grace is aired.  
         [0028]    The exceptions indicating that particular television programs are to be blocked are included in a complementary feature, called in the following the Always Block Program List. This list allows the user to specify certain programs that shall always be blocked by the system from viewing by the users of the system, even if these programs do not exceed the rating limits that were previously established by the user in the Movie Rating Limits and TV Rating Limits screens. For example, though the user may establish a rating limit such that all program rated TV-14 and below are viewable, the user may decide that the programs Dark Angel, Angel, and CSI, all rated TV-14, are too violent and would prefer that his or her children did not view these programs. If the user subsequently adds these programs to the Always Block Program List the system will always block all episodes of these programs.  
         [0029]    [0029]FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram of a method for the set-up of rating exceptions. A user being in the process of creating rating limits is also presented with the options of creating a Never Block List of programs and an Always Block List of programs. At step  21  the system displays a description of the feature and an explanation of its usage. After selecting the Never Block List or Always Block List, a list of items that have already been added to the respective list is presented to user in step  22 . Depending on the user selection detected, the method may proceed in step  23  along various paths. A program may be added to the list in step  24  or deleted from this list in step  25 , followed by a return of the method to step  22 . When no more programs shall be added or removed, amending the Never/Always Block List is ended and the method may return to method step  21  or exit the rating limits feature.  
         [0030]    The method of FIG. 2 is discussed in more detail in the following by the respective screens displayed at the various method steps.  
         [0031]    If the user selects the Never Block List feature, the system displays at step  21  the screen shown in FIG. 4. In a list of menu features  41  the selected feature “Never Block List” is highlighted. A description of the highlighted feature and an explanation of its usage  42  are displayed. Furthermore, the video signal of the former viewed channel may still be displayed as a PIP  43 . In order to start setting up the Never Block List or Always Block List the user has to press an “OK” button. However, the user can also select to quit the set-up or to enter the standard modes for creating Movie rating limits and TV rating limits.  
         [0032]    A similar screen is displayed if the user selects the Always Block List feature at step  21 , as can be seen in FIG. 5. In the list of menu features  41  now the “Always Block List” is highlighted and is correspondingly described.  
         [0033]    If the user highlighted and selected the Always Block List option, a list of items  61  that have already been added to the Always Block Program List is presented to the user for review or amendment, as shown in FIG. 6. A continuation symbol  62  may also be shown, if there are more items in the list than can be displayed on the screen. In this case the user may scroll through the list using up- and down-keys on the input device, e.g. the remote control. On the other hand, if the user had not yet added any programs to the Always Block Program List, the display area on the right would be empty, and the user would only have the option of adding programs to this list.  
         [0034]    From this screen the user has the options to add a program to this list and to delete a program from this list. Should the user select the option Add Program in FIG. 6, the user would be presented in step  24  with a screen similar to that seen in FIG. 7. This screen would allow the user to enter the first few characters  71  of a title in the text spaces by highlighting and selecting letters  72  in the onscreen keyboard  73 . When the user enters a letter in the first text field, the display area  74  shows programs whose titles begin with the selected letter, derived e.g. from a program information database such as an electronic program guide (EPG) database. If the user enters another letter, the display area changes to show programs whose titles begin with both of the selected letters. When the program that the user desires to add to the Always Block Program List appears in the display area  74 , the user would then navigate to, highlight and select the desired program. Upon selecting the desired program, the system will go back to step  22 , showing the screen seen in FIG. 6 with the newly blocked program added to the list seen in the display area. For the convenience of the user the screen shown in FIG. 6 may also comprise a short description of the usage  75 .  
         [0035]    Should the user select the option Delete Program in FIG. 6, the system will proceed to step  25 , where the user is presented with a screen similar to that seen in FIG. 8. This screen presents the user with the list of programs already included in the Always Block Program List  81  and allows the user to navigate to, highlight, as symbolize by the mark  82 , and select a program title that the user wishes to remove from the list. Upon selecting the desired program, the system will go back to step  22 , showing the screen seen in FIG. 6 with the deleted program removed from the list seen in the display area.  
         [0036]    If the user highlights and selects the Never Block List option from the screen shown in FIG. 4, the system proceeds from step  21  to step  22  and the user is presented with a screen similar to that seen in FIG. 9. A list of items that have already been added to the Never Block Program List  91  is displayed, with the options to add a program to this list and to delete a program from this list. If the user had not yet added any programs to the Never Block Program List, the display area on the right would be empty, and the user would only have the option of adding programs to this list.  
         [0037]    The screens for adding and deleting programs from the Never Block Program list would appear similar to the screens depicted in FIGS. 7 and 8.  
         [0038]    [0038]FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a method for selectively blocking or enabling the viewing of television programs after the rating limits and rating exceptions have been set up.  
         [0039]    From a received television signal information for specifying the recommended rating and identifying the television program is extracted in step  31 . In the following step  32  the recommended rating received with the TV signal is compared with the stored rating limits defined by the user. If the recommended rating is below the stored rating limit, the method proceeds in step  33 , otherwise in step  34 .  
         [0040]    In step  33  it is checked whether the television program is included in the Always Block Program List. If this is not the case, the program will be displayed in step  35 . On the other hand, if the program is included in the Always Block Program List, the program is blocked in step  36  and the user is presented with a screen informing him that the current program is included in the Always Block Program List. In the following step  37  the user may unlock the system for viewing of the program. In case of a series the user can either enable viewing of only the current episode or of all the following episodes by deleting the program from the Always Block Program List.  
         [0041]    A similar processing is performed if the method proceeds from step  32  to step  34 . In this case it is checked in step  34  whether the television program is included in the Never Block Program List. If this is the case, the program will be displayed in step  38 , otherwise the program is blocked in step  39  and the user is presented with a screen informing him that the current program exceeds a rating limit. In the following step  310  the user may unlock the system for viewing of the current program or in the case of the series the user can enable viewing of all the following episodes by adding the program to the Never Block Program List.  
         [0042]    The screen displayed at step  39  is shown in FIG. 10. The title  101  and further information  102  about the current program like the recommended rating, the channel and the broadcasting time is displayed. This information can e.g. be taken from the information stored in an EPG database. Furthermore, the user is asked to enter a four-digit password  104  for viewing the program. Finally, the user may define whether only the current program is to be unlocked, symbolized by the hook  105  and whether the current program shall be added to the Never Block Program List, symbolized by the hook  106 .  
         [0043]    Though not depicted, while watching video, should the user tune to a program that he would prefer to add to the Always Block Program List or remove from the Never Block Program List, the user would be able to summon a screen that would allow him to amend the respective list.  
         [0044]    The invention extends the functionality of rating limits which can be used in consumer electronic devices including, but not limited to, television signal receiving apparatus (e.g., a television receiver with or without a display device), set-top boxes, VCRs, PVRs or DVD players. However, provided that suitable rating limits are specified, the invention can also be used for blocking certain games on game consoles or for content filtering of Internet web sites, chat and news groups and emails.  
         [0045]    The invention may be implemented in hardware or software, wherein a software implementation could be part of the operating system but could also be distributed and installed as a separate program.