Abstract:
A vehicular rearview mirror system suitable for use with a vehicle control, the vehicle control generating an output having a particular protocol representing a state of the output. The vehicle rearview mirror system includes a variable reflective element which assumes a partial reflectance level in response to a drive signal. The rearview mirror system further includes a mirror control that is responsive to the output of the vehicle control for generating at least one mirror control output. The at least one mirror control output includes a value for the drive signal. The mirror control determines the protocol of the output of the vehicle control including monitoring the output of the vehicle control in attempting to conclude a state of the output of the vehicle control.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
   This application claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/319,668, filed on Nov. 5, 2002, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 

   BACKGROUND OF INVENTION 
   The present invention is directed to a vehicular rearview mirror system and, in particular, a vehicular rearview mirror system in which an electro-optic reflective element assumes a partial reflectance level in response to a drive signal. 
   It is known for a mirror control to be responsive to an output of a vehicle control. For example, it is known to cause the reflectance level of an electro-optic reflective element to be forced into a high reflectance level when the vehicle is placed in reverse gear. An example of such a system is disclosed in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,715,093 issued to Schierbeek et al., the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference. The circuit it at established the reflectance level of the reflective element monitors a switch or circuit that is actuated by the vehicle gearshift and which provides an indication that the gearshift is placed in reverse gear. In some vehicles, the reverse-gear indication has a protocol in which the indication changes from a low voltage level to a high voltage level when the vehicle is placed in reverse gear. In other vehicles, the protocol is that the reverse-gear indication changes from a high level to a low voltage level when the vehicle is laced in reverse gear. It is desirable to be able to install the same vehicle rearview mirror system in various vehicles irrespective of the protocol of the reverse-gear indication signal. The protocol, also known as a handshake, is the relationship between the reverse-gear indication signals when the vehicle is in reverse gear verses when it is not in reverse gear. 
   SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
   The present invention provides a vehicle rearview mirror system that is tolerant of different protocols of an output of a vehicle control. In this manner, the rearview mirror system can be used with various types of vehicles with modifications to the circuit. 
   A vehicular rearview mirror system suitable for use with a vehicle control, the vehicle control generating an output having a particular protocol representing a state of the output, according to an aspect of the invention, including a variable reflective element which assumes a partial reflectance level in response to a drive signal. The rearview mirror system further includes a mirror control that is responsive to the output of the vehicle control for generating at least one mirror control output. The at least one mirror control output includes a value for the drive signal. The mirror control determines the protocol of the output of the vehicle control including monitoring the output of the vehicle control in attempting to conclude a state of the output of the vehicle control. 
   The output of the vehicle control may be gear status information, engine information, alarm information, or door status information. In the case of the output being gear status information, the mirror control attempts to conclude a state of the output being whether the vehicle is in reverse gear or the vehicle is not in reverse gear. In the case where the output of the vehicle control is door status information, the mirror control attempts to conclude a state of the output being whether the vehicle doors are closed or a vehicle door is not closed. The at least one mirror control output may control a lighting assembly associated with an interior rearview mirror assembly and/or an exterior rearview mirror assembly. 
   The mirror control may include a microcomputer having software and the microcomputer determines the protocol by software processing. The microcomputer may monitor the output of the vehicle control upon starting of the vehicle and/or upon running of the vehicle. The rearview mirror system may include at least one light sensor and the mirror control may establish a value for the drive signal in response to an output of the at least one light sensor. 
   A vehicle rearview mirror system for use with a vehicle having a reverse gear and a reverse-gear indication wherein the reverse-gear indication has a particular protocol, according to an aspect of the invention, includes an electro-optic reflective element and a controller. The controller establishes a reflectance level of the reflective element including establishing a particular reflectance level in response to the reverse-gear indication indicating that the vehicle is in reverse gear. The controller determines the protocol of the reverse-gear indication including monitoring the reverse-gear indication and attempting to determine when the vehicle is in reverse gear and/or when the vehicle is not in reverse gear. 
   The controller may be a microcomputer having software and the microcomputer determines the protocol of the reverse-gear indication by software processing. The microcomputer may determine the reverse-gear protocol at least in part by monitoring a protocol of the reverse-gear indication upon starting of the vehicle. The microcomputer may also determine the reverse-gear protocol at least in part by monitoring a protocol of the reverse-gear indication during running of the vehicle. The microcomputer may determine the reverse-gear protocol by both monitoring the protocol of the reverse-gear indication upon starting of the vehicle and during running of the vehicle. The controller may maintain a reverse-inhibit-running parameter and a reverse-inhibit-ignition-cycle parameter. 
   These and other objects, advantages, and features of this invention will become apparent upon review of the following specification in conjunction with the drawings. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is a top plan view of a vehicle equipped with a rearview mirror system, according to the invention; 
       FIG. 2  is a block diagram of a rearview mirror system useful with the invention; 
       FIG. 3  is a flowchart of a power-up sequence, according to an embodiment of the invention; and 
       FIG. 4  is a flowchart of a main sequence, according to an embodiment of the invention. 
   

   DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
   Referring now to the drawings and the illustrative embodiments depicted therein, a vehicle  10  is equipped with a vehicle rearview mirror system  12  which may include an interior mirror assembly  14 , a driver-side exterior mirror assembly  16 , and/or a passenger-side exterior mirror assembly  18  ( FIG. 1 ). Each mirror assembly  14 ,  16 ,  18  includes an electro-optic reflective element, such as an electrochromic mirror element  20 , each mirror assembly further includes a mirror control circuit  22  including a mirror controller  24  that determines a reflectance level of the reflective element  20  of one or more of the mirror assemblies ( FIG. 2 ). Mirror controller  24  may receive an input  26  indicative of light levels and produces an output  28  which causes reflective element  20  to assume a particular reflectance level. Input  26  may be produced by a glare light sensor  30  and an ambient light sensor  32 . Output  28  may be of any configuration known in the art. One example may be a pulse-width-modulated signal having a variable duty cycle, the valued of which establishes a reflectance level of reflective element  20 , as disclosed in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 6,056,410 issued to Hoekstra et al. and U.S. Pat. No. 6,089,721 issued to Schierbeek, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference. The operation of control  22  is disclosed in detail in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,715,093 issued to Schierbeek et al. for a VEHICLE REARVIEW MIRROR SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATIC HEADLIGHT ACTIVATION, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference and will not be repeated herein. Glare and ambient light sensors  30 ,  32  may also be used as an input  34  to a headlight activation control  36  for controlling a headlight circuit  38  as disclosed in the &#39;093 patent. However, it should be understood that the invention may be used with an electrochromic mirror circuit which does not also include headlight activation. 
   Mirror controller  24  additionally receives as input from a vehicle control (not shown). The vehicle control provides an output having a protocol. By way of example, the vehicle control output may be a reverse-gear indication  40  from a reverse-gear circuit  42 . Reverse-gear circuit  42  is responsive to the vehicle shifter (not shown) or other indication of the gear in which the vehicle is placed, and produces reverse-gear indication  40  when the vehicle shifter is placed in reverse-gear. Reverse-gear indication  40  may be of a protocol wherein the line goes from a low, or grounded state, to a high, or powered state, when the vehicle is placed in reverse gear. Alternatively, the protocol of reverse-gear indication  40  may be that the line goes from a high, or powered state, to a low, or grounded state, when the vehicle is placed in reverse gear. Mirror controller  24  is provided with appropriate biasing resistors in order to accommodate protocol of reverse-gear indication  40 . The arrangement of such biasing circuit is well within the skill of the ordinary practitioner. Other protocols may be possible and would be specific to the particular vehicle  10  in which the vehicle rearview mirror system  12  is installed. Mirror controller  24  may be responsive to other information provided by the vehicle control in an unknown protocol. Examples of such other information may include engine information, alarm information, door status information, or the like. It is known to cause a lighting assembly associated with a rearview mirror system to be turned on in response to vehicle door status information. Examples of such systems are disclosed in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,497,305; 5,497,307; 5,669,689 and 5,669,704 in which a lighting assembly is associated with an exterior mirror assembly and U.S. Pat. No. 5,178,448 in which a lighting assembly is associated with an interior rearview mirror assembly, the disclosures of which are collectively hereby incorporated herein by reference. 
   Mirror controller  24  may be a microcomputer, or microprocessor, having non-volatile memory, such as in the form of electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), which is capable of storing data even when the vehicle is turned off. The microcomputer may also have programming code to carry out a control program having a power up sequence routine  44  ( FIG. 3 ) and/or a main sequence routine  46  ( FIG. 4 ). 
   Power-up sequence  4  may be carried out every time the vehicle is started, namely, whenever the vehicle&#39;s ignition line is powered. However, it should be understood that there are circumstances when the ignition line is powered but the vehicle has not yet started, such as when the ignition switch is turned past the accessory position while the occupant is operating an accessory. However, under usual circumstances, the powering of the ignition line is an indication that the vehicle is being operated. Controller  24  maintains a parameter called “reverse-inhibit-running average (or running average),” which is compared with two limits as follows: 
   Running high count 
   Running low count 
   and a “reverse-inhibit-ignition-cycle average (or ignition-cycle average)” parameter, which is compared with two limits as follows: 
   Ignition high count 
   Ignition low count 
   As will be set forth in more detail below, the running average parameter is a numerical value that is indexed at a particular frequency, such as every 30 seconds, every minute, every 5 minutes, or the like, whenever the vehicle ignition is energized. The running average parameter is maintained by main sequence  46 . Running high count, running low count, ignition high count and ignition low count in the illustrative embodiment are fixed parameters against which the running average parameter is compared by power-up sequence  44 , as will be set forth in more detail below. However, the skilled artisan may choose to make these parameters variable according to some condition or conditions. As such, running high count, running low count, ignition high count and ignition low count can be parameters that are set within the computer program or may be stored in the EEPROM. When the vehicle is initially produced, or when rearview mirror system  12  is initially installed in the vehicle, the parameters reverse-inhibit-running average and reverse-inhibit-ignition-cycle average are set to value which represents a neutral condition, typically midway between the running average high count and the running average low count in the case of reverse-inhibit-running average and midway between the ignition high count and the ignition low count in the case of the reverse-inhibit-ignition-cycle average. For example, if an 8-bit register is used, which can register between 0 and 255, reverse-inhibit-running average and reverse-inhibit-ignition-cycle average may be set to the number  128 . The running average low count and the ignition low count may he set to a number close to  0 , such as  20 , although these are for illustration only. Likewise, the running average high count and the ignition high count may be set to a value closer to  255 , such as  235 . Again, these being by way of example only. 
   Upon initiation of the power-up sequence at  48 , a series of comparisons  50 ,  52 ,  54  and  56  may be carried out. In comparison  50 , it is determined whether the running average parameter is greater than the running high count, which is suggestive of a reverse-gear indication high protocol. If not, it is determined at  52  whether the running average parameter is less than the running low count, which is suggestive of a reverse-gear indication active low protocol. If neither comparison  50  nor  52  are true, it is determined at  54  whether the ignition-cycle average parameter is greater than the ignition high count. If so, it is concluded that the reverse gear indication is an active high protocol. If comparison  54  is not true, it is determined at  56  whether the ignition-cycle parameter average is less than the ignition low count. If so, it is concluded that the reverse-gear indication is an active low protocol. 
   If neither comparison  50 ,  52 ,  54  or  56  is true, as would occur upon the initial power-up of the vehicle, controller  24  reads the reverse input  40  at  58  and determines at  60  whether the input port is high or not. If it is determined at  60  that the reverse input port is high, it is at least initially concluded that a reverse-gear indication is an active low protocol and a status flag is set at  62  to active low protocol. If it is determined at  60  that the reverse input port is not high, it is initially concluded that the reverse-gear indication is an active high and an active high flag is set at  64 . This conclusion is based upon an assumption that most likely the vehicle will not be in reverse gear when it is initially powered. However, this assumption may not always be true, such as in the case when a manual transmission vehicle is started in reverse gear with the clutch depressed. That is why the initial setting of the reverse-inhibit status flag is tentative and subject to reversal at a later time. After the reverse-inhibit status flag is set, the power-up sequence is a exited at  66 . 
   Attention will now be turned to the main sequence  46  in  FIG. 4 . Main sequence  46  may be carried out for the entire duration that the vehicle ignition is powered. The main sequence begins at  68 , and a determination is made at  70  whether a particular time base TMR has expired. The timer may be set for any desirable period, such as 30 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, or the like. The particular duration of the interval is a matter of design choice and can be appropriately selected by the skilled artisan. If it is determined at  70  that the time base has not expired, the loop is repeated until it is expired, at which time the timer is reset at  72 . The reverse input port  40  is read at  74  and a determination is made a  76  whether the input port is high. If it is determined at  76  that the reverse input port is high, the running average parameter is indexed downwardly at  78 . If it is determined at  76  that the reverse-input port is not high, the running average parameter is indexed upwardly at  80 . This logic is based upon the assumption that a vehicle, over time, will more likely be operated in reverse gear much less often than in a gear other than reverse gear. As this logic increases or decreases the value of reverse-inhibit-running average, the carry flag may be set to an upper overflow state from adding to the running average or to a lower underflow state by subtracting from the reverse-inhibit-running average. If main sequence  46  has added to the value of the running average parameter at  80 , it is determined at  82  whether the upper carry flag has been set, indicating that the count has reached the upper value. In order to avoid resetting of the register to  0 , the control responds to the carry flag being set at  82  by setting at  84  the value of the running average parameter to the hexadecimal value of FFH, which is the maximum value. After the main sequence subtracts from the reverse-inhibit-running average at  78 , it is determined at  86  whether the lower underflow carry flag has been set. If the carry flag is set at  86 , the program sets at  88  the running average parameter to a 00H hexadecimal value. If it is determined at  82  or  86  that the respective carry flags are not set, the main sequence is continued at  90 . 
   Returning now to the power-up sequence  44 , if it is determined at  50  that the running average parameter is greater than the running high count parameter, the program indexes upwardly at  92  the parameter ignition-cycle average. It is then determined at  94  whether the value of the ignition-cycle average has reached an upper limit and, therefore, the carry flag is set. If so, the value of the ignition-cycle average is set at  96  to the hexadecimal value of FFH. Whether or not the tarry flag is set, the ignition-cycle average parameter is compared with the ignition low count at  98 . If the ignition-cycle average is less than the ignition low count, the reverse-gear indication is set at  62  to an active low protocol. If the ignition-cycle average is not less than the ignition low count, the reverse-gear indication protocol is set at  64  to active high protocol. 
   If it is determined at  50  hat the reverse-inhibit-running average is not greater than the running high count, and it is determined at  52  that the reverse-inhibit-running average is less than the running low count, the parameter ignition-cycle average is decremented downwardly at  100 . If it is determined at  102  that the carry flag is set, indicating that the value in the register has reached a low underflow level, the value for the ignition-cycle average is set at  104  to 00H. It is then determined at  106  if the ignition-cycle average is greater than the ignition high count. If so, the reverse-gear indication protocol is set at  64  to the active high protocol. If it is determined at  106  that the ignition-cycle average is not greater than the ignition high count, the reverse-gear indication protocol is set at  62  to the active low protocol. The power-up sequence is exited at  66 . 
   Thus, the software-based protocol, or handshake, determining technique disclosed herein utilizes a logical sequence of events in order to determine the protocol, or handshake, of an output of the vehicle control. One example of such output of the vehicle control is the reverse-gear indication. Upon initial start-up of the vehicle, the controller merely monitors, the reverse input port  40  and determines whether the port is high or low. On the basis of the assumption out the vehicle, such as that the vehicle is not in reverse gear, which assumption may or may not be true, an initial establishment of the protocol is made. However, the value of the running average parameter is repeatedly adjusted as the vehicle is operated using the assumption that the vehicle will more often be in a particular state than not in that state, such as that the vehicle will more often be in a gear other than reverse gear. Once the value of the running average reaches an extremely high or an extremely low value, the protocol for the output of the vehicle control is updated to a, presumably, more appropriate determination. The technique may continue to maintain the running average throughout the life of the vehicle to ensure that a proper protocol has been ascertained. 
   Whenever the vehicle is powered up, a fresh comparison is made between the value of reverse-inhibit-running average and the running high count and running low count in order to determine whether the value of reverse-inhibit-running average has exceeded the running high count or well below the running low count. If so, another parameter, reverse-inhibit-ignition-cycle average, is either incremented upwardly or decremented downwardly. If the value of ignition-cycle average exceeds an ignition high count or falls below an ignition low count, the reverse-gear indication protocol is reset to the value indicated thereby. The purpose of utilizing an ignition-cycle average that is incremented or decremented only upon vehicle power-up is order to reduce the likelihood of anomalies affecting the performance of control  22 . For example, should a vehicle be left with the ignition running and in reverse gear, such as may happen when an owner is washing/waxing the vehicle with the radio turned on and the vehicle switch in the ignition position, the value of the reverse-inhibit-running average may reach an erroneous result because the vehicle may momentarily spend that time in reverse gear. However, during such interval, the vehicle is not powered up or is powered up only once. Therefore, although the value of the reverse-inhibit-running average may suggest an incorrect value for the reverse-gear indication protocol, the ignition-cycle average parameter would not. The ignition-cycle average value would override the value determined by reverse-inhibit-running average. 
   As indicated above, automatic dimming circuitry used in electrochromic mirror assemblies (such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,793,690; 4,886,960; 4,799,768; 4,443,057 and 4,917,477, the entire disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein) may utilize one or more (typically two) photo seniors (such as photo resistors or photo diodes or photo transistors) to detect glaring and/or ambient lighting. For example, a silicon photo sensor, such as a TSL235R Light-to-Frequency converter (available from Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions Inc. of Plano, Tex.), can be used as such photo sensors. Such light-to-frequency converters comprise the combination of a silicon photodiode and a current-to-frequency converter on a single monolithic CMOS integrated circuit. Alternately, a photo sensor that converts ambient light to a digital signal capable of direct feed into a microprocessor (or into a vehicle bus system, such as a LIN or CAN system or an SMBus) can be used. For example, a TSL2550 light sensor can be used that converts light intensity to a digital output (and is available from Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions Inc. of Plano, Tex. The TSL2550 Light-to-Digital photo sensor uses an all-silicon technique that combines two photodetectors to measure light brightness as perceived by the human eye, and calculates light intensity in units of lux. One photo sensor is sensitive to both visible and infrared light, while the other is sensitive only to infrared light. By such a combination, the infrared component of detected light is compensated for, and the output of the part is approximate the response of the human eye, thus obviating a need for a photopic filter. The ratio of infrared to visible light can be calculated and used to determine the type of light source (for example, incandescent or sunlight). Thus, for example, glaring light from headlamps (typically incandescent or high intensity discharge) can be, distinguished from moonlight, sunlight, neon light, and the like. 
   Thus, it is seen that the present invention provides a technique for determining the protocol of the output of the vehicle control. This, advantageously, allows the same vehicular rearview mirror system to be utilized on cars having different output protocols. Advantageously, the invention may be implemented in software, thereby reducing hardware expenses associated with the function. This is because the microcomputer may already be in place in the vehicle mirror control system, such as in order to establish a reflectance level of the electrochromic mirror element. Therefore, any hardware overhead associated with this function would be negligible. Furthermore, the software solution can be carried utilizing an 8-bit register, which further reduces th amount of software resources necessary to implement the invention. 
   Changes and modifications in the specifically described embodiments can be carried out without departing from the principles of the invention which is intended to be limited only by the scope of the appended claims, as interpreted according to the principles of patent law including the Doctrine of Equivalents.