Abstract:
Food supports comprising vertical walled sleeves of both fixed and variable circumferences, and adaptable to be used standalone or to be used while disposed within a fry basket. A filter filters which filter cooking liquid while it remains within a cooking vessel. A supports is configured to contact and compress large food items. A heating apparatus is configured to allow foods to more efficiently adapt to restricted height circumstances. A cooking liquid overflow control includes a spillway and a storage reservoir. An emissions filter is configured to segregate filtered material through condensation as well as debris collection. A cooking device is configured for filtration and storage of both liquid and gaseous emissions. A user controlled power shutoff is configured to facilitate user access for quick disconnection via a magnetic plug. A full containment food support is configured to provide controlled entry and exit of fluids. A food support basket, is configured to be adaptable to immersing foods in liquids and/or suspending foods above liquids.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application claims the benefit of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/258,453 filed Sep. 7, 2016; Ser. No. 15/297,788 filed Oct. 19, 2016 and Ser. No. 15/614,746 filed Jun. 6, 2017, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
       TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0002]    The present application is directed to devices which deep fry foods, including larger unitary food items, further including whole turkeys. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0003]    Devices to deep fry whole turkeys have been around in the United States, at least since the mid-1930s. Early devices consisted simply of cleaned out 55 gallon metal oil drums, partially filled with cooking oil, and placed with a turkey in them, on a rack, over an open fire. 
         [0004]    These are the direct ancestors of today&#39;s bottled gas-fired fired turkey fryer products, which typically consist of unstable metal framework bases, holding open flame gas-fired burners, under metal vessels, containing 2½ to over 6 gallons of hot frying liquid. 
         [0005]    Also around are variants of these current gas fired devices, which are electrically energized and used indoors. These have come in many shapes and sizes, but generally have a cylindrical or rectangular open-topped cooking vessel, holding 2½ or more gallons of frying oil, with an immersive electrically resistive rod heating element submerged in the frying oil. 
         [0006]    In 2016, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) developed new safety standards (referred to as “UL 1083 Large Food Items”) regarding deep fryers which cook unitary food items greater than 5 pounds. 
         [0007]    Among many other requirements these new standards mandated, are the use of no more than 5 L (5.28 quarts) of cooking oil, and a maximum immersed load (food weight plus lifted food support structure weight) of 15 pounds. 
         [0008]    The first device to meet these new standards used a two-step deep frying process, where first a turkey was immersed breast down into hot cooking oil long enough for it to cook, and the first half of the turkey was fried; and then the turkey was flipped over and cooked a second time with its feet down. 
         [0009]    Surprisingly, even with this somewhat complex two-stage process, the final result could be excellent. 
         [0010]    Even so, at least three things might be improved upon. 
         [0011]    The first has to do with deep frying itself. Typically, turkeys are deep fried in hot oil above 375° F. When raw turkeys, which are generally quite moist, are first introduced into hot oil, a typically violent boiling reaction occurs, usually causing hot oil to unsafely splatter. It would be desirable to control this boiling reaction in such a manner as to improve user safety. 
         [0012]    A second possible improvement also is inherent in deep frying. Deep frying, using high oil cooking temperatures and efficient oil heat transfer, allows relatively short cooking times, when compared with traditional oven cooking. But like oven cooking, high temperatures also dry out the turkey meat and make the meat tougher. Brining, marinating, injecting the turkey with oil, butter and other ingredients, covering the turkey with aluminum foil, and other techniques have been used to combat this, but have met with only limited success. It would be desirable, during frying, to retain more of the turkey&#39;s natural moisture and flavor within the turkey. 
         [0013]    And third, it might be advantageous to simplify the frying process, which has now become more complex due to the use of the aforementioned two-stage deep frying process and the manner in which it is currently performed. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0014]    Several embodiments of the subject application are described herein. 
         [0015]      FIGS. 1 through 20 and 64 through 70  show examples of devices which might be used in conjunction with two-stage turkey fryers, as described above, and which are similar in function to fryers shown in U.S. Pat. No. 8,309,151, FIGS. 147 through 185; as well as might be used in conjunction with other frying, as well as with other non-frying, food cooking devices. 
         [0016]      FIGS. 21 through 62  show standalone devices capable at least of cooking unitary food items. 
         [0017]      FIG. 63  shows a new use for food items prepared in deep fat fryers. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0018]    Various embodiments will become better understood with regard to the following description, appended claims and accompanying drawings wherein: 
           [0019]      FIG. 1  is a perspective of fryer  514 . 
           [0020]      FIG. 2  is an exploded perspective of the device shown in  FIG. 1 . 
           [0021]      FIG. 3  is an exploded perspective of embodiment  500 . 
           [0022]      FIG. 4  is a perspective of circumference adjustable sleeve  502 , in its open uncoupled disposition. 
           [0023]      FIG. 5  is a perspective of circumference adjustable sleeve  502 , in its most expanded use position. 
           [0024]      FIG. 6  is a perspective of circumference adjustable sleeve  502 , in its most constricted use position. 
           [0025]      FIG. 7  is a detail of  FIG. 4 , as indicated in  FIG. 4 . 
           [0026]      FIG. 8  is a detail of  FIG. 5 , as indicated in  FIG. 5 . 
           [0027]      FIG. 9  shows circumference adjustable sleeve  502  in use in the disposition shown in  FIG. 5  with a breast down foul (large food items  506 ). 
           [0028]      FIG. 10  shows circumference adjustable sleeve  502  in use in the disposition shown in  FIG. 5 , with a breast up foul (large food items  506 ). 
           [0029]      FIG. 11  shows circumference adjustable sleeve  502  in use in the disposition shown in  FIG. 6 , with a breast down small foul (other small items  508 ). 
           [0030]      FIG. 12  shows circumference adjustable sleeve  502  in use in the disposition shown in  FIG. 6 , with a breast up small foul (other smaller items  508 ). 
           [0031]      FIG. 13  is a perspective of fryer  514 . 
           [0032]      FIG. 14  is an exploded perspective of fryer  514 . 
           [0033]      FIG. 15  is an exploded perspective of fryer  514 , taken from above the ground plane. 
           [0034]      FIG. 16  is an exploded perspective of fryer  514 , taken from below the ground plane. 
           [0035]      FIG. 17  is a perspective view of embodiment  516 . 
           [0036]      FIG. 18  is a perspective view of embodiment  517  holding large food item  506 . 
           [0037]      FIG. 19  is an exploded perspective, viewed from below the ground plane, showing embodiment  515 . 
           [0038]      FIG. 20  is an exploded perspective, viewed from below the ground plane, showing embodiment  520 . 
           [0039]      FIG. 21  is a frontal perspective of embodiment  522 . 
           [0040]      FIG. 22  is a perspective of embodiment  522 , taken from a viewpoint behind embodiment  522 . 
           [0041]      FIG. 23  is a perspective of food item  524 , with maximum girth  620  being measured with pliable rule  526 . 
           [0042]      FIG. 24  is a cross-section through embodiment  522  as indicated in  FIG. 21 , with food item  524  having its girth measured, with pliable rule  528 . 
           [0043]      FIG. 25  is an exploded perspective of embodiment  522 . 
           [0044]      FIG. 26  is a frontal perspective of embodiment  530 . 
           [0045]      FIG. 27  is a perspective of embodiment  530 , viewed from behind embodiment  530 , and from below the ground plane. 
           [0046]      FIG. 28  is a frontal exploded perspective of embodiment  530 . 
           [0047]      FIG. 29  is an exploded perspective of embodiment  530 , viewed from behind embodiment  530 , and from below the ground plane. 
           [0048]      FIG. 30  is a frontal perspective of embodiment  532 . 
           [0049]      FIG. 31  is a frontal perspective of embodiment  532 , with food support  538  in its food draining position. 
           [0050]      FIG. 32  is a frontal perspective of embodiment  532 , with food support  538  being lifted out of cooking vessel  536 . 
           [0051]      FIG. 33  is an exploded frontal perspective of embodiment  532 . 
           [0052]      FIG. 34  is a detail of  FIG. 33 , as indicated in  FIG. 33 . 
           [0053]      FIG. 35  is a detail of  FIG. 33 , as indicated in  FIG. 33 . 
           [0054]      FIG. 36  is an exploded perspective of embodiment  532 , viewed from behind embodiment  532 , and from below the ground plane. 
           [0055]      FIG. 37  is a perspective section of embodiment  532 , as indicated in  FIG. 39 . 
           [0056]      FIG. 38  is a perspective section of embodiment  532 , as indicated in  FIG. 39 . 
           [0057]      FIG. 39  is a plan view of embodiment  532 . 
           [0058]      FIG. 40  is a detail of  FIG. 37 , as indicated in  FIG. 37 . 
           [0059]      FIG. 41  is a detail of  FIG. 38 , as indicated in  FIG. 38 . 
           [0060]      FIG. 42  is a perspective of food support  538 , with handle  682  removed from handle mounting bracket  542 . 
           [0061]      FIG. 43  is a perspective of food support  538 , with handle  682  couple to handle mounting bracket  542 . 
           [0062]      FIG. 44  is a detail of  FIG. 42 , as indicated in  FIG. 42 . 
           [0063]      FIG. 45  is a detail of  FIG. 43 , as indicated in  FIG. 43 . 
           [0064]      FIG. 46  is a frontal perspective of food support  538 . 
           [0065]      FIG. 47  is a perspective section of food support  538 , taken from the section plane indicated in  FIG. 46 . 
           [0066]      FIG. 48  is a perspective of embodiment  558 . 
           [0067]      FIG. 49  is a frontal view of embodiment  558 . 
           [0068]      FIG. 50  is a frontal section taken through  FIG. 48 , as indicated in  FIG. 48 . 
           [0069]      FIG. 51  is a perspective view from below the ground plane of cooking vessel  544 , which mounts heating coil  546 . 
           [0070]      FIG. 51A  is a section taken through  FIG. 51 , as indicated in  FIG. 51 . 
           [0071]      FIG. 51B  is a section taken through  FIG. 51 , as indicated in  FIG. 51 . 
           [0072]      FIG. 52  is a perspective viewed from below the ground plane of cooking vessel  548 , which mounts heating coil  726 . 
           [0073]      FIG. 52A  is a section taken through  FIG. 52 , as indicated in  FIG. 52 . 
           [0074]      FIG. 53  is a perspective viewed from below the ground plane of cooking vessel  552 , which mounts heating coil  550 . 
           [0075]      FIG. 53A  is a section taken through  FIG. 53 , as indicated in  FIG. 53 . 
           [0076]      FIG. 54  is a perspective viewed from below the ground plane of cooking vessel  554 , which mounts heating coil  556 . 
           [0077]      FIG. 54A  is a section taken through  FIG. 54 , as indicated in  FIG. 54 . 
           [0078]      FIG. 54B  is a section taken through  FIG. 54 , as indicated in  FIG. 54 . 
           [0079]      FIG. 55  is an exploded perspective of embodiment  558 . 
           [0080]      FIG. 56  is an exploded perspective of embodiment  558 , viewed from behind and viewed from below the ground plane. 
           [0081]      FIG. 57  is a perspective of embodiment  560 . 
           [0082]      FIG. 58  is a perspective section taken through  FIG. 57 , as indicated in  FIG. 57 . 
           [0083]      FIG. 59  is an exploded perspective of embodiment  558 . 
           [0084]      FIG. 60  is a perspective of food support  562 , viewed from below the ground plane. 
           [0085]      FIG. 61  is a perspective section taken through  FIG. 57 , as indicated in  FIG. 57 . 
           [0086]      FIG. 62  is a perspective of embodiment  560 . 
           [0087]      FIG. 63  is a graphic representation of a method to use deep fat fried foods to lose weight. 
           [0088]      FIG. 64  is an exploded perspective of embodiment  770 . 
           [0089]      FIG. 65  is a detail of  FIG. 64  as indicated in  FIG. 64 . 
           [0090]      FIG. 66  is an exploded perspective of embodiment  770 , taken from behind embodiment  770 , and from below the ground plane. 
           [0091]      FIG. 67  is an exploded perspective of embodiment  784 , which has been taken from behind embodiment  784 , and from below the ground plane. 
           [0092]      FIG. 68  is a partially exploded perspective of embodiment  784 , which has been taken from behind embodiment  784 , and from below the ground plane. 
           [0093]      FIG. 69  is a partially exploded perspective of embodiment  798 , which has been taken from behind embodiment  798 , and from below the ground plane. 
           [0094]      FIG. 70  is a partially exploded perspective of embodiment  798  as shown in  FIG. 69  after further preparation for a cooking operation. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0095]      FIGS. 1 Through 20 , Embodiments Suitably Used in Conjunction with an Existing Fryer: 
         [0096]      FIGS. 1 through 20 , show embodiments being used in deep fryer  514  which is suitably similar in construction to that fryer found in U.S. Pat. No. 8,309,151, FIGS. 147 through 185. Deep fryer  514  is comprised of: outer enclosure  564 , which mounts within it cooking vessel  566 , which in turn, is configured to telescopically mount annular side wall extension sleeve  568 . 
         [0097]    As shown in  FIG. 2 , fry basket  570  is configured to be lowered  572  through extension sleeve  568  into cooking vessel  566 ; or alternatively, as shown in  FIGS. 14, 15, and 16 , if extension sleeve  568  is not in place, fry basket  570  is configured to be lowered directly into cooking vessel  566 . 
         [0098]    Cooking vessel  566  is configured to both hold food to be cooked, as well as, simultaneously, cooking liquid which is thermostatically heated to cooking temperatures by house current powered control box/immersive heater assembly  574 . 
         [0099]    Lid  576  Is configured to cap side wall extension sleeve  568 , as shown in  FIG. 1 ; or alternatively, to cap cooking vessel  566  directly, as shown in  FIGS. 13 and 14 . 
         [0100]      FIG. 2  shows fry basket  570  holding circumference adjustable sleeve  502  being lowered  572  through side wall extension sleeve  568  and into cooking vessel  566 . 
         [0101]    Fry basket  570  may be of any advantageous construction, including, as non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples: course or find screening (quarter-inch or more mesh, to 0.01 inch or less mesh), perforated sheet of course or fine design, or non-perforated sheet or any other suitable form; and may be constructed from metal, plastic, composite, or any other suitable material. 
         [0102]      FIG. 3  shows an exploded view with filter screen  578  being placed on the floor of fry basket  570  underneath circumference adjustable sleeve  502  which circumnavigates large food  508 . Filter screen  578  is configured to filter debris from cooking liquid passing through it. 
         [0103]    As a non-exhaustive and non-limiting example, filter screen  578  may be constructed of any suitable material, including, but not limited to: window screening or finer screening, filter media, such as paper drip coffee filters, paper towels, perforated metal sheet material, such as, but not limited to, metal drip coffee filters or perforated speaker grill, molded plastic screening, course or fine expanded metal screening, or any other suitable filtering material. Filter screen  578  may advantageously exhibit a nonstick surface at least to ease cleaning and/or aid in foods not sticking. 
         [0104]      FIG. 3  also shows optional debris collection plate  571 , which is spaced away from filter screen  578  by at least 1/10 of an inch by formed frustum conical, also known as frustoconical, raised and lowered spacers  573 . Optional debris collection plate  571  is generally planner with formed frustum conical raised and lowered spacers  573  protruding upward and downward away from generally planner plate  571 . Debris settling through, but not captured by, filter screen  578  may be collected on the upper facing surfaces of optional debris collection plate  571 . At any time, including after any cooking has been completed, optional debris collection plate  571 , along with filter screen  578  may be conveniently cleaned in a dishwasher, sink, or other suitable way, to simplify and speed cleanup. 
         [0105]    Optional debris collection plate  571  may be advantageously coated on either or both of its facial surfaces with a nonstick coating to further ease cleanup. 
         [0106]    Circumference adjustable sleeve  502  may be constructed of any suitable material, such as, as non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples, metal or plastic sheet; and may have interior surface  510  of circumference adjustable sleeve  502  advantageously exhibiting a nonstick surface, to at least aid in foods not sticking, and/or to help in cleanup. 
         [0107]      FIGS. 4 through 12  show various operating modes for circumference adjustable sleeve  502 . In  FIG. 4 , circumference adjustable sleeve  502  is open. This can happen when engagement clip  577  is uncoupled from both engagement clip receptacle  580  and from engagement receptacle  582 . 
         [0108]    In  FIGS. 5, 9, and 10 ; engagement clip  577  is coupled to engagement clip receptacle  580  to constrict circumference adjustable sleeve  502  to its most open operating condition, where it can hold its maximum food load, such as large food item  506 . 
         [0109]    In  FIGS. 6, 11, and 12 ; engagement clip  577  is coupled to engagement clip receptacle  582  to constrict circumference adjustable sleeve  502  to support smaller food items, such as other smaller items  508 . 
         [0110]    If more precise circumference adjustment is desirable, one or more intermediate engagement clip receptacles may be disposed between engagement clip receptacle  580  and engagement clip receptacle  582 . 
         [0111]    Sleeve mounting clip  584  snaps onto handle rod  586  to help dispose circumference adjustable sleeve  502  vertically within fry basket  570 . Sleeve mounting clip  584  is optional. Circumference adjustable sleeve  502  may be operated with the absence of sleeve mounting clip  584 . 
         [0112]    In use, as a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, using engagement clip  577  and engagement clip receptacles  580  and  582 ; the user adjusts circumference adjustable sleeve  502  to a circumference matching the size of the food to be cooked. 
         [0113]    Next optionally, filter screen  578  may be placed into fry basket  507  to filter debris from cooking liquid. This filtering may be done by passing cooking liquid through filter screen  578 , at least when fry basket  570  is either lowered into, or withdrawn from, cooking liquid. Filter screen  578  may advantageously be coated with a nonstick surface, and may be dishwasher safe, at least for easy cleaning, and/or to help prevent food sticking. 
         [0114]    Filter screen  578 , operates most efficiently when there is at least one 1/10 of an inch of space between its filtering surface and other proximate surfaces. 
         [0115]    Next, the user places circumference adjustable sleeve  502 , either directly on top of the floor of fry basket  507 , or on top of filter screen  578 , if it is in place. Optionally, as explained above, the user then clips sleeve mounting clip  584  onto handle rod  586 . 
         [0116]    Next, a food item, such as large food item  506 , or other smaller items  508 , or other singular or plural suitable pieces of food is/are placed into circumference adjustable sleeve  502 , and the entire assembly comprising fry basket  570 , circumference adjustable sleeve  502 , and food item, either  506  or  508 , or other suitable food is/are lowered into cooking liquid. 
         [0117]    After a predetermined amount of cooking time, the food is lifted out of the cooking liquid for further processing, or to be served. 
         [0118]    The above steps may be repeated as often as useful. 
       FIGS.  13  and  14 , Embodiment  588 : 
       [0119]    Embodiment  588  comprises nonadjustable sleeve  590 , which is constructed like, and replaces, circumference adjustable sleeve  502  in embodiment  500 . The function and use of embodiment  588  are generally the same as those for embodiment  500 . In  FIGS. 13 and 14 , side wall extension sleeve  568  is shown in its removed disposition. 
       FIGS.  15  and  16 , Embodiment  592 : 
       [0120]    Embodiment  592  comprises food mounting vessel  594  which is substituted for, and is constructed similarly to, circumference adjustable sleeve  502  and filter screen  578  in embodiment  500 . Food mounting vessel  594  has filtering floor  596 , which may be constructed and used similarly to filter screen  578 . 
         [0121]      FIGS. 15 and 16  also show the use of embodiment  592  to mount a smaller foul  598  horizontally. Embodiment  592  and all cooking embodiments herein, may mount food items in any disposition, including at least: vertically, horizontally, diagonally, etc. and may cook such items totally in a single step, or in multiple partial steps. 
       FIGS.  17  and  19 , Embodiment  516 : 
       [0122]    Embodiment  516 , is constructed similar to embodiment  500 , except fry basket  570  has been eliminated, handles  600  are directly attached to vertical side walls  602 , and filter screen  578  has been replaced by filtering floor  604 , which may be used and constructed similarly to filter screen  578 . 
       FIG.  18 , Embodiment  517 : 
       [0123]    Embodiment  517  is constructed similarly to embodiment  516 , except vertical side walls  602  and floor (not shown) are constructed like, and may function similarly to, filter screen  578 . 
         [0124]    Various embodiments are not shown which resemble embodiment  517 , except they replace with blocking sheet, any or some portions of the filtering material used in the filtering side walls  519  and filtering floor (not shown) of embodiment  517 . 
       FIG.  20 , Embodiment  520 : 
       [0125]      FIG. 20  shows one of the embodiments just mentioned above which has filtering sections  608  only in lower side wall  606 . 
       FIGS.  21  Through  25 , Embodiment  522 : 
       [0126]    Embodiment  522  is a fryer for food items. Embodiment  522  may cook food items by completely submerging them in liquid  610  contained within cooking vessel  612 ; or by partially submerging food items, and cooking the food items in multiple stages, only a portion at a time. 
         [0127]    Embodiment  522  is comprised of outer enclosure  614  which encircles and removably mounts, along and above upper edge  615  of outer and closure  614 . Outer enclosure  614  also removably mounts, on control box mount  617 , control box/immersion heater assembly  616  which is configured to heat liquid  610  and food items  524  within cooking vessel  612  to thermostatically controlled cooking temperatures. Thermal sensor tube  619  houses thermal sensors for both thermostatic control and thermal overload protection. 
         [0128]    Food support  618  may dispose food item  524  within cooking vessel  612 . Food support  618  may position food items in any desirable disposition, including, but not limited to, vertically with feet up ( FIG. 24 ) or feet down (not shown); horizontally; diagonally; etc. (also not shown). Food support  618  may be made of any suitable material including, but not limited to, formed metal or plastic, or other suitable material; and may advantageously exhibit a nonstick interior surface, at least to resist food sticking, to aid in easy food removal, and to facilitate cleanup. 
         [0129]    Food support  618  may compress the girth (circumference) of food items, and particularly of large food items, by 5%, or more. As a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, and referring to  FIGS. 23 and 24 , food item  524  might have a maximum girth  620  (circumference) of 25 inches when measured by rule  526  ( FIG. 23 ) while resting on a horizontal support surface. However, when food item  624  is placed within food support  618 , its maximum girth (circumference) may be reduced to 23.75 inches (95% of 25 inches=23.75 inches) or less, as measured by pliable rule  528  ( FIG. 24 ), due to the compressive forces exerted by food support  618 . 
         [0130]    To accommodate elongated foods, such as, by way of a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, a foul; cooking vessel  612  may advantageously have a vertical cross-section ( FIG. 24 ) aspect ratio of a height which is 1.3 times or more times its minimal width. So as an example, using  FIG. 24 , if minimal cooking vessel width  622  were 9.5 inches, height  624  would be 12.35 inches (1.3×9.5 inches equals 12.35 inches) or greater. 
         [0131]    Food support  618  may be made from non-pierced wall material such as formed metal, or plastic, or other suitable material. Advantageously, food items placed within food support  618  may have 50% or more of their outer surfaces in direct face-to-face contact with the not-pierced inner surfaces of food support  618 . This amount of direct face-to-face contact may help contain moisture, flavors, and other desirable elements within foods being cooked within food support  618 . This in turn may at least make the cooked foods more flavorful and moist. It also may promote food tenderness, by at least slow cooking and steam cooking such foods internally in a manner analogous to a slow cooker. 
         [0132]      FIG. 25  shows an exploded perspective view of embodiment  522 . 
         [0133]    Control box/immersion heater assembly  616  includes surrounding heat rod  625 , which may wrap around the outer perimeter of the bottom of foods inserted into cooking vessel  612 , allowing foods to rest directly on the floor of cooking vessel  612  (see in particular  FIG. 24 ). 
         [0134]    This in turn may allow a lower overall height for embodiment  522 . Advantageously, the overall height of embodiment  522  should not exceed 16 inches, as this dimension is generally recognized as the standard for minimal clearance between kitchen countertop upper surfaces, and the bottom over countertop cabinetry. Embodiment  522  is advantageously configured to be at least stored below over kitchen countertop cabinetry. 
         [0135]    Food support side wall lower holes  626  and food support floor holes  628  help safely regulate how fast fluids can flow into and flow out of food support  618 . The size and placement of food support side wall lower holes  626 , and food support floor holes  628  help control how fast cooking liquid flows into food support  618 , when food support  618 , containing food to be cooked, is lowered into cooking liquid contained in cooking vessel  612 . 
         [0136]    In general, embodiment  522  advantageously has holes  636  and  628  in the lower half of food support  618 , which help control ingress and egress of fluids, in and out of food support  618 . This in turn may help to safely control the rate of boiling activity when foods are first introduced into hot liquids contained in cooking vessel  612 , by regulating the rate of flow of hot cooking liquid that can enter food support  618 ; and it might help safely control hot cooking liquid splatter that boiling activity within food support  618  might generate, by regulating the rate hot cooking liquids and gases can exit food support  618 . 
         [0137]    Food support floor holes  628  are also advantageous in providing full drainage of food support  618 . 
         [0138]    Upper food support side wall holes  630  may provide the same benefits of safely controlling boiling rates and oil splatter, through basically the same manner of controlling ingress and egress of fluids from food support  618 . 
         [0139]    Inner metal lid  632  corks the top of food support  518 . Inner metal lid  632 , in combination with outer plastic lid  634 , help safely cap outer enclosure  614 , cooking vessel  612 , and food support  618 . Cooking liquid which overflows cooking vessel  612  is held in the bottom of the space between outer enclosure  614  and cooking vessel  612 , until cooking liquid can be safely recycled or disposed of. This safety feature may help to protect kitchen countertops from accidental hot cooking liquid overflow. 
         [0140]    As a non-exhaustive and non-limiting example, in use, the user defrosts, cleans, and fully dries the food to be cooked such as food item  524 , portrayed as a Thanksgiving day sized turkey. 
         [0141]    The user then fills cooking vessel  612  with enough cooking liquid  610 , such as cooking oil, to fully immerse food item  524 . The user then sets control box/immersion heater assembly  616  to heat the cooking liquid  610  to cooking temperatures. 
         [0142]    The user then may put food item  624  into cooking vessel  612 . If food item  524  is a turkey, it may be placed into cooking vessel  612 , either feet up or feet down. 
         [0143]    Once the cooking liquid is up to cooking temperatures, the user then slowly drops food support  618  and contained food item  524 , into hot cooking liquid  610  contained within cooking vessel  612 , and leaves it there until cooking is complete. 
         [0144]    When cooking is complete and, food support  618  and contained food item  524  are withdrawn from cooking vessel  612 , and food item  524  may be removed from food support  618  for serving. 
         [0145]    In tests, in most cases, including cases where a food item  524  was so large that its girth (circumference) was reduced by 5% or more when it was placed within food support  618 , the uniformly golden brown food item (turkey) just slides out of the nonstick inner surface of food support  618 . 
         [0146]    If any cooking liquid has overflowed at any time during the cooking, the user then simply empties it from outer enclosure  614  for recycling or disposal. 
         [0147]    Embodiment  522  may at least offers a user: a compact countertop footprint; a simple, very quick, one cooking step (if so configured) food preparation method; and an unbelievably good tasting food item, such as turkey which is uniformly golden brown, unusually tender, extremely juicy, and naturally very delicious. 
       FIGS.  26  Through  29 , Embodiment  530 : 
       [0148]    Embodiment  530  comprises outer enclosure  638 , which fixedly mounts, on and above upper rim  640 , cooking vessel  642 , using nut  644 . 
         [0149]    Outer enclosure  638 , on the lower portion of its forward face, fixedly mounts control box  646 . Control box  646  contains controls to regulate the time and temperature of cooking. It also mounts magnetically coupled wall power plug  648 . 
         [0150]    Also on the forward face of outer enclosure  638 , filter/debris cup mount  650 , disposed above control box  646 , mounts filter/debris cup  652 . 
         [0151]    Cooking vessel  642  is configured, along upper rim  654 , to rest and mount food support  656 . Cooking vessel  642  also mounts proximate to its floor, and indented into its side wall, indented perimeter heat coil  658 , which provides heat to bring cooking liquid and food within food support  656  to cooking temperature. 
         [0152]    Overflow spillway  660  is indented downward into upper rim  654  of cooking vessel  642 , and facilitates the passage of gases and excessive liquid from the cavity formed between food support  656  and cooking vessel  642 , toward filter/debris cup  652 . 
         [0153]    Food support  656  includes fluid exchange and control holes  662 , and floor drainage holes  664 , both of which help safely control the rate of hot cooking liquid flow into food support  656 , as well as the violence of gases and liquids exiting from food support  656 . Floor drainage holes  664  also help to completely drain food support  656  of cooking liquids. 
         [0154]    Inner metal lid  666  is configured to cork food support  656 . 
         [0155]    Controlling fluid exchange, be it gaseous or liquid, between food support  656  and cooking vessel  642  is done by fluid exchange and control holes  662  and floor drainage holes  664 . 
         [0156]    Gases and/or liquids exiting cooking vessel  642  are generally directed through overflow spillway  660 , where they are deflected by hood  668  on outer plastic lid  670  downward into filter/debris cup  652 . 
         [0157]    In general, exhaust entering into filter/debris cup  652  is subdivided. Liquids fall to the bottom of filter/debris cup  652 . Gases, odors and vapors are filtered through at least condensation onto surfaces within filter/debris cup  652 . Some may remain on such surfaces as residue, and some may condense into liquid which is also collected in the bottom of filter/debris cup  652 . Some of the exhausts entering into filter/debris cup  652  may also be filtered by passing through filter media itself within filter/debris cup  652 . 
         [0158]    Filter/debris cup  652  is advantageously constructed from translucent or transparent material. Should overflow occur for any reason, including, but not limited to, lowering food into cooking vessel  642  too rapidly or putting too much liquid into cooking vessel  642 , overflowing cooking liquid may obviously be seen flowing into filter/debris cup  652  by the user, prompting corrective user action. 
         [0159]    Filter/debris cup  652  is advantageously constructed from materials which are dishwasher safe, at least to facilitate cleanup. At the end of a cook session, filter/debris cup  652  may be easily removed, its liquid contents dumped and/or recycled, and filter/debris cup  652  placed in a dishwasher for easy cleaning. 
         [0160]    Inner metal lid  666  is fixedly attached to outer plastic lid  670 . Latches  672  removably attach outer plastic lid  670 /inner metal lid  666  assembly to the upper portion of food support  656 . 
         [0161]    Depressing  674  ( FIG. 26 ) latches  672  simultaneously releases engagement between the assembled lids and food support  656 , and allows their separation. Placing outer plastic lid  670 /inner metal lid  666  assembly onto food support  656 , engages latches  672  and couples outer plastic lid  670 /inner metal lids  666  assembly to food support  656 . 
         [0162]    When so coupled, handles  676  and  678  on outer plastic lid  670  may be used to lift and maneuver food support  656 , and its contents. 
         [0163]    As a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example of how embodiment  530  might be used to cook a turkey: 
         [0164]    The user would do the normal cooking preparation for a turkey of defrosting, washing, and thoroughly drying. 
         [0165]    The user would then lower the turkey into food support  656 , either breast up or breast down, and latch outer plastic lid  670 /inner metal lid  666  assembly onto food support  656 , by dropping the lid assembly onto food support  656 , and allowing latches  672  to engage. Latches  672  are spring-loaded to engage by leaf springs which are not shown. 
         [0166]    The user would fill cooking vessel  642  with sufficient cooking liquid to fully immerse the food article to be cooked. Using control box  646 , the user would then heat this liquid to cooking temperature. 
         [0167]    After the cooking liquid reaches cooking temperature, using handles  676  and  678 , the user would then lower food support  656  and its food contents into the cooking temperature oil contained within a cooking vessel  642 , and allow it to be so disposed long enough for cooking to occur. 
         [0168]    At any time during this cooking period, the lid assembly may be removed and replaced using latches  672 . This may help intermediate inspection of the food being cooked. 
         [0169]    After cooking is complete, using handles  676  and  678 , the user would then remove food support  656  from cooking vessel  642 . The user would then uncouple the lid assembly from food support  656  and remove its cooked food contents for serving. 
         [0170]    If any oil had accidentally overflowed during cooking, the user would dump filter/debris cup  652  for reuse or disposal. 
         [0171]    The user, after each cooking session, would generally either rinse and/or dishwasher clean filter/debris cup  652 . 
       FIGS.  30  Through  47 , Embodiment  532 : 
       [0172]      FIGS. 30 through 47  show embodiment  532  which in many respects is constructed like, and functions similarly to embodiment  530 . 
         [0173]    However, in embodiment  532 , handles  676  and  678 , which were integral with outer plastic lid  670  of embodiment  530 , are replaced with handle  680  and handle  682  which are directly removably attached to food support  538 . 
         [0174]    Also, outer plastic lid  684  in embodiment  532  replaces outer plastic lid  670  of embodiment  530 . Outer plastic lid  684  has lock  686  and lock  688 , which, as shown in  FIGS. 37 through 41 , selectively lock  689  under handles  680  and  682  respectively, to fixedly secure outer plastic lid  684 , with attached inner metal lid  688 , onto the top of food support  538 . 
         [0175]    Inner metal lid  688  in turn in essence corks the top of food support  538 , which has the effect of containing, within food support  538 , the sometimes violent reaction that occurs, as a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, when a moist turkey is introduced into hot frying oil. 
         [0176]    When food support  538  containing food is lowered into hot oil in cooking vessel  536 , hot oil enters into food support  538  only at the rate allowed by food support floor holes  690  and food support side wall holes  692 , thus helping control the rate of turkey/hot oil interaction. 
         [0177]    Oil, steam, debris, etc. may exit food support  538  at a rate allowed by food support floor holes  690  and food support side wall holes  692 , thus helping to control the amount of turbulence and activity in the space formed between the inside of cooking vessel  536  and the exterior of food support  538 . 
         [0178]    Embodiment  532  includes filter media  694 , which is removably disposed within filter/debris cup  696 . Filter media  694  is portrayed as being an accordion folded sheet. As a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, such a sheet could be made of: filter paper, paper, paper towels, metal (such as stainless steel; aluminum; chromium, nickel, or nonstick coated mild steel; etc.), perforated or expanded metal, plastic, fiberglass mat or fabric, nonwoven polyester, or any other suitable material, or any other suitable perforated or nonperforated form. 
         [0179]    Filter media  694  might also have other forms, such as a monolithic block, or extruded or other suitable form shapes. As non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples, it might be a block of reticulated foam, or be a plurality of metal ball bearings, or be plastic or silicon marbles, or be rolled up cloth, or a felt block, or any other suitable form having surface to accept condensed or deposited debris. 
         [0180]    Filter media  694  also might be disposable or reusable. 
         [0181]    All such embodiments would at least perform the function of providing surface area on which exhausted debris leaving overflow spillway  698  might deposit and/or condense. This may greatly reduce undesirable orders and pollutants leaving embodiment  532 . 
         [0182]    And any and/or all such embodiments, as a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, might advantageously allow for limited or unlimited reusability, and be configured to be cleaned, such as in a sink, or a clothes washer, or a dish washer, etc. 
         [0183]    As a more detailed non-exhaustive and non-limiting example, an accordion folded perforated stainless steel sheet might be used for filter media  694 , and be periodically washed in a dishwasher. 
         [0184]    Referring especially to  FIGS. 42 through 45 , handle  682  is removably attached to food support  538  by sliding it upward  700  into handle mounting bracket  542 , using both friction and snap dimple  702  to secure it in place within the downward opening handle mounting bracket  542 . Dimple  702  is configured to allow handle  682  to be snapped out of handle mounting bracket  542 , simply by pushing hard down on the top of handle  682 . 
         [0185]    This handle engagement arrangement is rotated to the opposite side of food support  538  for handle  680 . This rotation versus a reflection for the opposite handle engagement means that handles  680  and  682  have identical outward forms and are interchangeable, thus potentially lowering user confusion (i.e., picking up the wrong handle). 
       FIGS.  48  Through  56 , Embodiment  558 : 
       [0186]    Embodiment  558  shares many obvious construction and functional details with embodiment  532 . 
         [0187]    However, in  FIGS. 50, 54, and 56 , embodiment  558  shows heat coil  556  which is embedded into floor  706  of cooking vessel  708 . This is different than heat coil  695  in embodiment  532 , which is disposed indented into the side wall of cooking vessel  536  proximate to its floor. 
         [0188]    As shown best in  FIG. 50 , heat coil  556  is indented upward into cooking vessel floor  712 , and is spaced inward specific distance  714  from the intersecting projection of bounding side walls  710 . No individual portion of heat coil  556  is horizontally further from the shortest distance to the downward intersecting projection of bounding side walls  710  than 4 times mean width  716  of heat coil  556 . 
         [0189]    As an example, if mean width  716  of heat coil  556  is 0.30 inches, no individual portion of heat coil  556  is further than 1.20 inches (4×0.30 inches=1.20 inches) from the shortest distance to the intersecting projection of bounding side wall  710 . 
         [0190]    Put another way, specific distance  714 , which is the shortest distance between the inside of coil  556  and the inside of bounding side walls  710 , can be no larger than four times mean width  716 , which is the mean width of heat coil  556 . 
         [0191]    Disposing heat coil  556  close to side walls  710 , allows room in the central portion of cooking vessel floor  712  for portions of foods, such as food item  718 , to directly touch cooking vessel floor  712 , without being raised up by heat coil  556 . This in turn may help reduce the overall height of embodiment  558 , which advantageously, as explained earlier, should be less than the 16 inch standard distance from countertops, over countertop cabinetry. 
         [0192]    As another way of looking at this, having food item  718  have direct contact with cooking vessel floor  712 , may increase the achievable height of any given food item  718  within any specific height embodiment  558   
         [0193]      FIG. 50  also shows how embodiment  558  might fully immerse food item  718  in cooking liquid  720 , and thereby be configured to cook food item  718  in a single step. 
         [0194]      FIGS. 51 through 54  show different configurations for mounting heat coils within embodiment  558 . 
         [0195]      FIG. 54A  shows heating coil  556  as it is portrayed in  FIG. 50 . 
         [0196]      FIG. 54B  is identical to  FIG. 54  A, except it shows heating coil  722  which is a flattened version of heating coil  556 . This flattening may reduce heat coil  722 &#39;s upward intrusion into cooking vessel  536 , and therefore increase usable cooking space within cooking vessel  536 . 
         [0197]    Annular heat coil cover  724  may optionally cover heat coil  556 . Annular heat coil cover  724 , as a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, might be constructed of any suitable material, including at least chrome or nickel coated steel, brushed or shiny stainless steel, or any other suitable material. The shininess or reflectiveness of heat coil cover  724  may help increase the heat transfer efficiency, by reflecting radiant heat which might otherwise be lost from heat coils  556  or  722 . 
         [0198]      FIGS. 53 and 53A  show heating coil  550  which is indented into the lower perimeter edge of cooking vessel  552 . Heat coil cover  725  may optionally be mounted over heating coil  550 , as shown in detail in  FIG. 53A , and may be constructed to increase heat transfer efficiency, as explained for annular heat coil cover  724  above. 
         [0199]      FIGS. 52 and 52A  are identical to  FIGS. 53 and 53A  except heating coil  726  is raised above cooking vessel floor  729  and is optionally covered by heat coil cover  728 , which may be constructed similarly to, and perform functions like, annular heat coil cover  724 . 
         [0200]      FIG. 51  shows heating coil  546  in a disposition similar to that shown earlier in  FIGS. 33, and 36  for heat coil  695 ; that is partially up, and indented into, cooking vessel side wall  730 . 
         [0201]    As shown in  FIGS. 51 and 51A , heat coil cover  732 , may be constructed and function similarly to annular heat coil cover  724 , and may cover heating coil  546 , or its more flatly formed counterpart, heat coil  734 . 
         [0202]    In each of the embodiments shown in  FIGS. 51, 51A, 51B, 52, 52A, 53, 53A, 54, 54A, and 54B , a thermal dispersion medium, such as, for non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples, thermal paste or aluminum powder, disposed between each heat coil and surrounding cooking vessel walls and heat coil cover walls, may advantageously aid thermal transfer efficiency. 
         [0203]    Regarding  FIGS. 51 through 54 , which heat coil is best suited to any given situation is dependent upon many factors, including, but not limited to: ease of fabrication, degree of space utilization efficiency needed, degree of thermal transfer efficiency needed, as well as potentially other factors. 
         [0000]      FIGS. 55 and 56 , Embodiment  558  with Options: 
         [0204]      FIG. 55  is a perspective which shows embodiment  558 , with optional lower cooking liquid filter screen  736 , and optional food support cooking liquid filter screen  738 . Both screens  736  and  738 , automatically filter cooking liquid, such as deep frying oil, when each is pulled upward and removed from cooking liquid containing cooking vessel  708 . 
         [0205]    And either screen or both screens,  736  and  738 , may be constructed similar to, and function in a similar manner to filter screen  578  described earlier herein, or they may be constructed in any other suitable manner. 
         [0206]      FIG. 56  is a perspective taken from below the ground plane, and shows embodiment  558  with optional food support cooking liquid filter screen  738 . 
         [0207]      FIG. 55  shows lower cooking liquid filter screen  736 , with handle  740  and opposing handle  742 , which protrude above the surface of cooking liquid contained within cooking vessel  708  when food support  539  and contained food are removed from cooking vessel  708 . Handles  740  and  742  thus allow handle grips to aid in the removal of lower cooking liquid filter screen  736  from liquid within cooking vessel  708 , without the user touching cooking liquid contained within cooking vessel  708 . 
         [0208]    As non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples of how embodiment  558  might be used with lower cooking liquid filter screen  736  and/or food support cooking liquid filter screen  738 : Embodiment  558  may also be used without the presence of filter screen and filter screen  738 . 
         [0209]    When using lower cooking liquid filter screen  736 , the user does all the normal cooking set up of pouring a predetermined amount of cooking liquid into cooking vessel  708  and heating the cooking liquid to cooking temperatures. 
         [0210]    After adding and preheating cooking liquid into cooking vessel  708 , the user places cooking liquid filter screen  738  and food item  718  above it, into the bottom of cooking vessel  708 , and lowers food support  539  into cooking vessel  708 . Cooking liquid then flows into food support  539  through food support cooking liquid filter screen  538 , thus filtering the cooking liquid. 
         [0211]    Once preheated cooking oil and lower cooking liquid filter screen  736  are in cooking vessel  708 , food support  539  containing food item  718  is lowered into cooking vessel  708 , and cooking is conducted for a predetermined amount of cooking time. 
         [0212]    At the end of this cooking time, food support  539  containing food item  718  is removed from cooking vessel  548  and food item  718  is served. 
         [0213]    At any time after food support  539  is removed from cooking vessel  548 , two alternative courses of action can occur. 
         [0214]    The first is, cooking liquid is poured out of cooking vessel  736 , and afterword, lower cooking liquid filter screen  736  is removed from cooking vessel  548  for dishwasher, sink, or other suitable cleaning. In such case, lower cooking liquid filter screen  736  may be reusable after cleaning. 
         [0215]    Or, lower cooking liquid filter screen  738  may be disposable or contain disposable elements, such as paper, paper towels, or paper drip coffee filter material, or other suitable disposable material. In such cases, the user would simply dispose of the disposable element of lower cooking liquid filter screen  736 . 
         [0216]    The second alternative course of action is, lower cooking liquid filter screen  736  is lifted and removed from cooking liquid contained within cooking vessel  708 . The cooking liquid within cooking vessel  708  is then either saved or disposed of; and lower cooking liquid filter screen  736  is cleaned in a dishwasher, or sink, or in another suitable way. After such cleaning, lower cooking liquid filter screen  736  may be ready for reuse as described above. 
         [0217]    Food support cooking liquid filter screen  738  is used passively to filter cooking liquid whenever food support  539 , containing food support cooking liquid filter screen  738 , is either lowered into or removed from cooking liquid contained within cooking vessel  708 . 
         [0218]    As non-exhaustive and non-limiting example of how food support cooking liquid filter screen  738  might be used. 
         [0219]    A user would pour a predetermined amount of cooking liquid into cooking vessel  708  and heat it to a predetermined cooking temperature. 
         [0220]    Next, the user would lower food support  539  containing food support cooking liquid filter screen  738  near and above its floor; and containing food item  718  within it; into the preheated cooking liquid contained in cooking vessel  708 ; and the user would then leave food item  718  in the hot cooking liquid for a predetermined cooking time; at the end of which time, the user would then remove food support  539 , containing food item  718  and food support cooking liquid filter screen  736 ; from the hot cooking liquid contained in cooking vessel  708 . 
         [0221]    Food item  718  would then be served, and food support cooking liquid filter screen  738  would be removed from food support  539  and cleaned in a sink, dishwasher, or other suitable manner. After such cleaning food support cooking liquid filter screen  738  would be ready for reuse, as described above. 
         [0222]    Or again, if food support cooking liquid filter screen  738  is comprised of disposable material, such disposable material may simply be thrown out. 
         [0223]    Both lower cooking liquid filter screen  736  and food support cooking liquid filter screen  738  are optional. They both may be absent, or used independently, or used in combination. Using either food support cooking liquid filter screen  738  or lower cooking liquid filter screen  736  may reduce cleanup, and may prolong the useful life of cooking liquid, such as frying oil which can be very expensive. 
       FIGS.  57  Through  61 , Embodiment  560 : 
       [0224]      FIGS. 57 through 61  show embodiment  560 . Embodiment  560  uses liquid transmissive food support basket  744  to hold and support both unitary and pleural food items. As shown in  FIGS. 58 and 61 , liquid transmissive food support basket  744  may be used opening upwards. In such disposition, food items are placed in the upward opening basket  744  for cooking. This, as a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, may be used for frying or boiling foods in hot liquids contained within cooking vessel  745 . 
         [0225]    In  FIG. 58 , liquid transmissive food support basket  744  is shown in use positioned opening downward. In such disposition, food items are placed within food support  562  and rested on inverted floor  746  of food support  562 . This, as a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, might be used for steaming food items, where the steam food item is rested on floor  746  of liquid transmissive food support basket  744  ( FIG. 58 ) and the elevation that inverted floor  746  provides, may raise the food being steamed above the boiling steaming liquid. 
         [0226]      FIG. 59  also shows the use of food support cooking liquid filter screen  748 , which may be similar in use, construction, and function to food support cooking liquid filter screen  738 . 
       FIG.  62 , Embodiment  560 : 
       [0227]      FIG. 62  shows embodiment  560  which configures lid  750  to be removably and friction snap-fit coupled to handle support rod  752  during use, storage, or at other times. 
       FIG.  63 , a New Use for Fried Food: 
       [0228]    Fried foods have long been synonymous with gaining weight. However, when used properly, eating deep fried foods without generally associated carbohydrates, such as breading and potatoes, can actually result in substantial weight loss. 
         [0229]    As one non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, deep fried fish, and deep fried foul may be consumed for a one week or longer period, during each day&#39;s two of the major three mealtimes of breakfast, lunch, and dinner. It is important that during such mealtimes, only deep fried fish and/or deep fried foul is consumed, particularly making sure that no other breading, sugar, or carbohydrates are consumed during the same meal. 
         [0230]      FIG. 63  gives a graphic representation of how this might occur. Day number one  754 , shows deep fried fish  756  for breakfast, deep fried foul  758  for lunch, and a user selected dinner  760 . 
         [0231]    Day number two  762  shows a user selected breakfast  764 , with deep fried fish  766  for lunch, and deep fried foul  768  for dinner. 
         [0232]    To lose substantial weight, for seven contiguous days or longer, an individual must eat only deep fried fish and/or deep fried foul for at least two of the three major meals every day, without combining the deep fried foods with other foods during the same meal, and particularly without combining the deep fried foods with carbohydrates during the same meal. In  FIG. 63 , this is typically illustrated for day number one  754  and day number two  762 . 
         [0233]    Also showing promising weight loss results, is regime similar to the above, but substituting red meat, such as beef, lamb, pork, etc., for all or some of the fish and fowl described. As a non-exhaustive and non-limiting example, referring to  FIG. 63 , a user might have ham for breakfast instead of fish  756 , and a hamburger for lunch, instead of foul  758 . 
         [0234]    Or as another non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, for each day in the weight loss period represented in  FIG. 63 , wherever fish is shown as a meal, a beefsteak, or lamb chop, might be substituted; and for each day in the weight loss period, wherever foul is shown as the meal, ham or a hamburger might be substituted. 
       FIGS.  64 ,  65 , and  66 , Embodiment  770 : 
       [0235]      FIG. 64 through 66  show embodiment  770  which is a variant of embodiment  516 , and shares many of its construction and function specifications with embodiment  516 . However, instead of having filtering floor  604  capping the bottom of embodiment  516 , embodiment  770  has non-perforated floor  772  capping the bottom of food support  774 . And unlike embodiment  516 , which removes debris from cooking liquid by passing cooking liquid through filtering floor  604 , at least when food support  776  is lowered into, or removed from cooking vessel  778 ; embodiment  770  filters cooking liquid by allowing debris to settle by gravity onto non-perforated floor  772 . Non-perforated floor  772  may be constructed with conforming removable floor cover  780  covering non-perforated floor  772 &#39;s upper surface. Such a construction would allow removal of conforming removable floor cover  780  for cleaning or other purposes. 
         [0236]    Conforming removable floor cover  780 , may be constructed of any suitable material, including, as non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples: metal, plastic, paper, elastomer, composite, pliable material, rigid material, or other suitable material; and may have many forms including, but not limited to: non-perforated or perforated sheet form, bed of nails, back-to-back bed of nails, screening of any coarseness, corrugate, dimpled, textured, ridged, or any other suitable form. 
         [0237]    Embodiment  770  drains food support  774  of cooking oil or other materials through cooking liquid ingress/egress holes  782  which are located on the generally vertical side wall of food support  774  and on the outer periphery of non-perforated floor  772 . Because cooking liquid ingress/egress holes  782  are generally vertical, settling debris tends not to exit through them. 
       FIGS.  67  and  68 , Embodiment  784 : 
       [0238]      FIGS. 67 and 68  show embodiment  784  which comprises cooking food support  786  which has lattice support floor  788  spanning support  786 &#39;s base, and lattice support floor  788  providing structural support for food items being cooked. 
         [0239]    Filtering composition  790  is disposed below lattice support floor  788 , and may be flexible as shown, or may be rigid and trimmed to fit within capping frame  792 , which snaps onto the bottom of food support  786  and covers and supports filtering composition  790 . As a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, filtering composition  790  may be constructed in a similar manner to filtering screen  578 . 
         [0240]    Lattice support floor  788  may advantageously exhibit a nonstick outer surface. This may help in preventing food to be cooked  796  from sticking to filtering composition  790 . 
         [0241]    As a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, embodiment  784  may be used as follows. 
         [0242]    First, the user would prepare the cooking device  794 , and food to be cooked in it  796  in the usual specified manner generally comprising placing cooking liquid into cooking device  794 &#39;s cooking vessel, heating the cooking liquid to cooking temperatures, and cleaning and preparing food  796  according to recipe. 
         [0243]    Next, the user places filtering composition  790  across the bottom of cooking support  786  and snaps filtering composition  790  into place by pushing capping frame  792  onto the bottom of cooking food support  786 . 
         [0244]    Next, food  796  is placed into cooking food support  786  and lowered into cooking device  794 , and is then left there until cooking is complete, at which time the user lifts cooking food support  796  out of cooking device  794  and serves food  796 . 
         [0245]    Cleanup may be done as described for filter screen  578 . Filtering composition  790  may be configured to be washable and reusable, or may be disposable, such as, as a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, a such as filtering composition  790  being a paper towel. 
       FIGS.  69  and  70 , Embodiment  798 : 
       [0246]    Embodiment  798  shares many construction and function details with embodiment  784 . However, instead of placing filtering composition  790  below lattice support floor  788  and holding it in place with capping frame  792 , as in embodiment  784 , embodiment  798  reverses the order and places filter media  800  above lattice floor  802  and holds it in place with filter securing frame  804 , which disposes filter media  800  between the outer vertical side wall of filter securing frame  804  and the interior of the vertical side wall of cooking food support  808 . Filter securing frame  804  advantageously may have a liquid transmissive floor, which, like the rest of the filter securing frame  804 , may advantageously exhibit a nonstick surface. This helps to at least ensure that food to be cooked  806  does not stick to filter media  800 , as well as it helps to facilitate cleanup. 
         [0247]    What has been shown herein are several specific embodiments as well as and combinations thereof, all of which shall be considered as part of the teachings herein.