Abstract:
Integrated circuit memory devices include first and second memory banks, first and second local data lines electrically coupled to the first and second memory banks, respectively, and a multiplexer having first and second inputs electrically coupled to first and second data bus lines, respectively. A data selection circuit is also provided which routes data from the first and second local data lines to the first and second data bus lines, respectively, when a selection control signal is in a first logic state and routes data from the second and first local data lines to the first and second data bus lines, respectively, when a selection control signal is in a second logic state opposite the first logic state. A control signal generator is also provided. This control signal generator generates the selection control signal in the first and second logic states when a first address in a string of burst addresses is even and odd, respectively.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/235,471, filed Jan. 22, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,151,271. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to integrated circuit devices, and more particularly to integrated circuit memory devices and methods of operating integrated circuit memory devices. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Computer systems typically include a central processing unit (CPU) for performing commands and a main memory for storing data and programs required by the CPU. Thus, increasing the operational speed of the CPU and reducing the access time of the main memory can enhance the performance of the computer system. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, a synchronous DRAM (SDRAM) operates according to control of a system clock and typically provides a short access time when used as a main memory. 
     In particular, the operation of the SDRAM is controlled in response to pulse signals generated by transitions of a system clock. Here, the pulse signals are generated during a single data rate SDR mode or a dual data rate DDR mode. The SDR mode generates pulse signals with respect to transitions in one direction (e.g., pulse signals of ‘high’ to ‘low’ or vice versa) to operate a DRAM device. However, the DDR mode generates pulse signals with respect to transitions in both directions (e.g., pulse signals of ‘high’ to ‘low’ and vice versa) to operate the DRAM device. 
     The DDR mode enables a memory device to have wide bandwidth operation. Thus, the DDR mode is very helpful when making an ultra-high speed SDRAM. However, to implement the DDR mode, the layout area of the memory device typically must be increased because twice as many data lines may need to be provided. Also, in the DDR mode compared with the SDR mode, set-up time and data hold time between data and the clock during reading and writing are reduced, so that auxiliary circuits (e.g., phase locked loops (PLL) or delay locked loops (DLL)) for delaying an external clock are often necessary. This requirement may lead to further increase in the size of the memory chip. Therefore, only memory devices for ultra-high speed systems typically utilize the DDR mode, whereas other memory devices typically utilize the SDR mode. 
     Notwithstanding these known aspects of conventional memory devices, there continues to exist a need for improved memory devices and methods of operating same. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide improved integrated circuit memory devices and methods of operating same. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide integrated circuit memory devices having dual and single data rate modes of operation and methods of operating same. 
     These and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention are provided by integrated circuit memory devices which include first and second memory banks, first and second local data lines electrically coupled to the first and second memory banks, respectively, and a multiplexer having first and second inputs electrically coupled to first and second data bus lines, respectively. A data selection circuit is also provided which routes data from the first and second local data lines to the first and second data bus lines, respectively, when a selection control signal is in a first logic state and routes data from the second and first local data lines to the first and second data bus lines, respectively, when a selection control signal is in a second logic state opposite the first logic state. A control signal generator is also provided. This control signal generator generates the selection control signal in the first and second logic states when a first address in a string of burst addresses is even and odd, respectively. 
     According to a preferred aspect of the present invention, the data selection circuit includes a first sense amplifier having an input electrically coupled to the first local data line, a second sense amplifier having an input electrically coupled to the second local data line, a first selector having a first input electrically coupled to an output of the first sense amplifier and a second input electrically coupled to an output of the second sense amplifier. A second selector is also provided which has a first input electrically coupled to the output of the first sense amplifier and a second input electrically coupled to the output of the second sense amplifier. 
     According to another aspect of the present invention, the first and second sense amplifiers are both responsive to a first control signal, the first and second selectors are responsive to second and third control signals, respectively, and the multiplexer is responsive to fourth and fifth control signals. The second and third control signals are in-sync with opposite edge transitions of an internal clock signal and the fourth and fifth control signals are preferably delayed versions of the second and third control signals, respectively. Thus, the timing of the internal clock signal can be used to control the timing of data transfer. A data rate mode control signal can also be used to control the timing of the internal clock signal relative to a system clock and thereby provide multiple data rate mode capability. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a block electrical schematic of an integrated circuit memory device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 is block electrical schematic of an amplifying and multiplexing circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 3 is a detailed electrical schematic of a control signal generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 4 is a timing diagram which illustrates operation of the memory device of FIG. 1 during dual data rate (DDR) mode operation. 
     FIG. 5 is a timing diagram which illustrates operation of the memory device of FIG. 1 during single data rate (SDR) mode operation. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout and signal lines and signals thereon may be referred to by the same reference symbols. 
     Referring to FIG. 1, a synchronous DRAM according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of memory cell arrays, and each of the memory cell arrays includes a plurality of memory cell subarrays. For convenience, two memory cell subarrays are shown in FIG.  1 . In detail, the synchronous DRAM of FIG. 1 includes an even-numbered memory core  10 , an odd-numbered memory core  20 , an amplifying and a multiplexing circuit  30 , an output buffer  31 , a control signal generator  32  and a mode register  34 . The even-numbered memory core  10  includes a first memory cell subarray  12 , a row decoder  14  and a column decoder  16 . Each cell of the first memory cell subarray  12  is accessed by a row address and a column address decoded by the row decoder  14  and the column decoder  16 , respectively, to thereby write data to or read data from the first memory cell subarray  12 . The read data is amplified by a bit line sense amplifier  18 , and the amplified data is loaded on an even local input and output line  19   a . At this time, the column address applied to access the first memory cell subarray  12  is preferably an even-numbered address. 
     The odd-memory core  20  includes a second memory cell subarray  22 , a row decoder  24  and a column decoder  26 . Each cell of the second memory cell subarray  22  is accessed by a row address and a column address decoded by the row decoder  24  and the column decoder  26 , respectively, to thereby read data from or write data to the second memory cell. The read data is amplified by a bit line sense amplifier  28 , and the amplified data is loaded on an odd local input and output line  19   b . At this time, a column address applied to access the second memory cell subarray  22  is preferably an odd numbered address. Accordingly, a predecoder can be used to delineate between odd numbered addresses when data is to be written to or read from the odd-memory core  20 , and even numbered addresses when data is to be written to or read from the even-numbered memory core  10 . 
     An amplifying and multiplexing circuit  30  receives data IO_E and IO_O output by the even-numbered memory core  10  and the odd-numbered memory core  20 , respectively, multiplexes data IO_E and IO_O in response to first through fifth control signals (i.e., FRT, SRT_F, SRT_S, CLKDQ_F and CLKDQ_S) and outputs the multiplexed data DO. Data DO is buffered by the output buffer  30  and the buffered data DOUT is output to an external system bus. The amplifying and multiplexing circuit  30  is described more fully hereinbelow with respect to FIG.  2 . 
     The control signal generator  32  of FIG. 1 receives a system clock CLK, a row address strobe signal /RAS, a column address strobe signal /CAS, a write control signal /WE and a read control signal /OE. Also, the control signal generator  32  generates various control signals to provided to the memory cell arrays. In particular, the control signal generator  32  generates five control signals as signals FRT, SRT_F, SRT_S, CLKDQ_F and CLKDQ_S and also generates a selection control signal SEL. The mode register  34  stores information for an operation mode of the SDRAM (e.g. a DDR/SDR mode, a CAS latency, a burst length, a burst sequence) and can be programmed by a manufacturer or a user. 
     Referring to FIG. 2, the amplifying and multiplexing circuit  30  preferably includes a multiplexer  48  and a data selection circuit  45 . As illustrated, the data selection circuit  45  includes first and second I/O sense amplifiers  40  and  42  and first and second data bus selectors  44  and  46 . The first I/O sense amplifier  40  receives even data IO_E output by the even-numbered memory core  10  and loaded on the local input and output line  19   a . The first I/O sense amplifier  40  amplifies the even data IO_E and outputs the amplified data FDIO_E on an even global input and output line  41  in response to the first control signal FRT. The second I/O sense amplifier  42  receives odd data IO_O output by the odd-numbered memory core  20  and loaded on the local input and output line  19   b . The second I/O sense amplifier  42  amplifies the odd data IO_O and outputs the amplified data FDIO_O on an odd global input and output line  43  in response to the first control signal FRT. 
     The first data bus selector  44  receives the even data FDIO_E output by the first I/O sense amplifier  40 . The first data bus selector  44  also receives the odd data FDIO_O output by the second I/O sense amplifier  42 , as illustrated. The first data bus selector  44  selects either the even data FDIO_E or the odd data FDIO_O in response to the selection control signal SEL, and outputs the selected data on first data bus DB_F, in response to the second control signal SRT_F. When the SDRAM outputs burst data and the initial column address of the output data is even-numbered, the selection control signal SEL is ‘high’. When the selection control signal SEL is high, the first data bus selector  44  transfers the even data FDIO_E to the first data bus DB_F. Alternatively, when an initial column address is odd-numbered during a burst read operation, the selection control signal SEL is low (logic  0 ). When this occurs, the first data bus selector  44  transfers the odd data FDIO_O to the first data bus DB_F. 
     In addition, the second data bus selector  46  receives even data FDIO_E and odd data FDIO_O output by the first and second I/O sense amplifying amplifiers  40  and  42 , respectively, and selects either the even data FDIO_E or the odd data FDIO_O, in response to the complementary selection control signal /SEL. The second data bus selector  46  then transfers the selected data to the second data bus DB_S when the third control signal SRT_S is high. In particular, when an initial column address is even-numbered during a read operation, the complementary selection control signal /SEL is ‘low’. At this time, the second data bus selector  46  selects the odd data FDIO_O, and transfers the odd data to the second data bus DB_S. Alternatively, when an initial column address is odd-numbered, the complementary selection control signal /SEL is ‘high’. At this time, the second data bus selector  46  selects the even data FDIO_E and transfers the selected data to the first data bus DB_F. 
     Accordingly, when the SDRAM outputs burst data and the initial column address is even-numbered, the first data bus selector  44  outputs data from the even-numbered memory core  10 , and the second data bus selector  46  outputs data from the odd-numbered memory core  20 . In contrast, when the initial column address is odd-numbered during burst mode, the first data bus selector  44  outputs data from the odd-numbered memory core  20  and the second data bus selector  46  outputs data from the even-numbered memory core  10 . Thus, data which should be output first is selected by the first data bus selector  44  and data which should be output second is selected by the second data bus selector  46 . When the SDRAM outputs burst data and the burst length is one (1), the second data bus selector  46  is disabled and only the first data bus selector  44  outputs data. Referring still to FIG. 2, the multiplexer  48  receives data on the first and second data buses DBF and DBS and outputs data on the first bus DB_F in response to the fourth control signal CLKDQ_F and outputs data on the second bus DB_S in response to the fifth control signal CLKDQ_S. 
     Referring now to FIG. 3, the control signal generator  32  includes, among other things, an internal clock generation subcircuit  50 , a divider  52 , a selector  53  and a delay unit  60 . The internal clock generation subcircuit  50  includes a waveform shaping subcircuit which receives an external system clock CLK and adjusts the duty ratio of the system clock CLK (and a swing range thereof) to output an internal clock signal for a DDR mode (PCLK_DDR) having the same frequency as the CLK. The divider  52  receives the PCLK_DDR signal, divides the frequency of the PCLK_DDR signal and outputs an internal clock for a SDR mode (PCLK_SDR) having a frequency equal to one-half that of the PCLK_DDR signal. 
     The selector  53  selects either the PCLK_DDR signal or the PCLK_SDR signal in response to a data rate mode control signal /DDR and outputs the selected signal as an internal clock PCLK signal. When the SDRAM operates in the DDR mode, the data rate mode control signal /DDR is low. A transmission switch  54  in the selector  53  is turned on in response to a logic  0  mode control signal /DDR and the transmission switch  56  is turned off. Thus, the clock signal PCLK_DDR is output as the internal clock PCLK. In contrast, when the SDRAM operates in the SDR mode, the mode control signal /DDR is high, the transmission switch  54  is turned off and the transmission switch  56  is turned on, to thereby output the signal PCLK_SDR as the internal clock signal PCLK. The internal clock signal PCLK is also used to generate the first through fifth control signals FRT, SRT_F, SRT_S, CLKDQ_F and CLKDQ_S. 
     As illustrated by FIG. 1, the DDR or SDR operating mode of the SDRAM is stored in the mode register  34 . The operating mode may be programmed by a manufacturer or by a user. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the operating mode may be designated during fabrication using a respective mask (which may define an electrical connection as open circuit at a metal layer location, for example), by blowing a fuse on completed chip, or by other conventional methods. 
     The delay unit  60  of FIG. 3 includes first through fifth delay units  62  through  70 . These delay units generate the control signals FRT, SRT_F, SRT_S, CLKDQ_F and CLKDQ_S. The first delay unit  62  delays the internal clock signal PCLK by a predetermined amount of time, often a 0→1 transition of PCLK and generates the first control signal FRT. The internal clock signal PCLK may have a period of 8 ns and a duty ratio of 43.75%. Also, the delay introduced to generate the first control signal FRT may be 1.5 ns. The second delay unit  64  delays the internal clock signal PCLK by 2.5 ns after a 0→1 transition of PCLK and outputs the delayed clock as the second control signal SRT_F. The third delay unit  66  delays PCLK by 6.5 ns relative to a 1→0 transition of PCLK and outputs the delayed clock as the third control signal SRT_S. The fourth delay unit  68  delays PCLK by 4.5 ns and outputs the delayed clock as the fourth control signal CLKDQ_F. The fifth delay unit  70  delays PCLK by 8.5 ns relative to a 1→0 transition of PCLK and outputs the delayed clock as the fifth control signal CLKDQ_S. Waveforms of the control signals FRT, SRT_F, SRT_S, CLKDQ_F and CLKDQ_S are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. In the present embodiment, the first through fifth delays  62  through  70  are preferably implemented using phase-locked loops (PLL) or delay-locked loops (DLL). However, other delay circuits may be used as well. Meanwhile, instead of generating the control signals by delaying the internal clock PCLK separately, some of the control signals may be generated by delaying one of the other control signals. 
     Referring now to FIG. 4, operation of the memory device of FIG. 1 during a dual data rate (DDR) mode includes the generation of an internal clock signal PCLK having the same period (e.g., 16 ns) as the external clock signal CLK since /DDR=0 and the transmission gate  54  is turned on. As illustrated, a rising edge of the internal clock signal PCLK can be used to trigger the timing of the column select signal CSL and the transfer of read data from the even and odd memory cores  10  and  20  to the even and odd local I/O lines  19   a  and  19   b , using addressing and bit line amplifying techniques well known to those skilled in the art. The rising edge of the internal clock signal PCLK can also be used to trigger the generation of logic  1  pulses on the first, second and fourth control signal lines FRT, SRT_F and CLKDQ_F. The phases of these logic  1  pulses relative to the internal clock signal PCLK is set by the delays associated with delay units  62 ,  64  and  68  (e.g., 1.5, 2.5 and 4.5 nanoseconds). The read data on the even and odd local input/output lines IO_E and IO_O is then passed to the even and odd global I/O lines FDIO_E and FDIO_O, in response to the logic  1  first control signal FRT. 
     The falling edge of the internal clock signal PCLK can also be used to trigger the generation of logic  1  pulses on the third and fifth control signal lines SRT_S and CLKDQ_S. The phases of these logic  1  pulses relative to the internal clock signal PCLK is set by the delays associated with delay units  66  and  70  (e.g., 6.5 and 8.5 nanoseconds). 
     Accordingly, if the first column address during burst mode operation is an even address, then even read data will be transferred from the even global I/O line FDIO_E to the first data bus DB_F and odd read data will be transferred from the odd global I/O line FDIO_O to the second data bus DB_S. The even data will then be transferred from the first data bus DB_F to the data out signal line DO when the fourth control signal CLKDQ_F transitions from 0→1 at the multiplexer  48 . The odd data will then be transferred from the second data bus DB_S to the data out signal line DO when the fifth control signal CLKDQ_S transitions from 0→1. Thus, each period of the internal clock signal PCLK will result in the transfer of even data from an even address in the first memory core  10  to data line DO followed by a transfer of odd data from an odd address in the second memory core  20  to data line DO, as illustrated by FIG.  4 . Alternatively, if the first column address during burst mode operation is an odd address, then odd read data will be transferred from the odd global I/O line FDIO_O to the first data bus DB_F and even read data will be transferred from the even global I/O line FDIO_E to the second data bus DB_S. The odd data will then be transferred first from the first data bus DB_F to the data out signal line DO when the fourth control signal CLKDQ_F transitions from 0→1 at the multiplexer  48 . The even data will then be transferred from the second data bus DB_S to the data out signal line DO when the fifth control signal CLKDQ_S transitions from 0→1. Thus, each period of the internal clock signal PCLK will result in the transfer of odd data first from an odd address in the second memory core  10  to data line DO followed by a transfer of even data from an even address in the first memory core  10  to data line DO, as illustrated by FIG.  4 . 
     The above discussion also applies equally to the timing diagram of FIG. 5 which illustrates a single data rate (SDR) mode, however, during the SDR mode the period of the external clock signal CLK is illustrated as 8 ns. In order to handle this higher external clock frequency, signal /DDR is set to a logic  1  value. Thus, signal PCLK_SDR having a period of 16 ns can be passed through transmission gate  56  as the internal clock signal PCLK and each period of the internal clock signal can result in the transfer of one bit of even data and one bit of odd data from the multiplexer  48 . 
     According to still further aspects of the present invention, the first and second data bus selectors  44  and  46  were included because a column address strobe (CAS) latency of 3 clock periods is assumed in the embodiment of FIGS. 1-3. However, if a CAS latency of 2 clock periods is available, the first and second data bus selectors  44  and  46  can be omitted and the selection of the even and odd data buses may be carried out by the multiplexer  48 . Finally, in the event the CAS latency of 4 or more clock periods, an additional delay stage may be included. In addition, both the DDR mode internal clock PCLK_DDR and the SDR mode internal clock PCLK_SDR may be obtained by dividing the system clock CLK_DDR, so that both the frequencies of the PCLK_DDR and the PCLK_SDR may be different from that of the system clock CLK. 
     The number of memory cores which simultaneously input or output data may also be more than two. In such a case, it is preferable that the number of the I/O sense amplifiers, the number of selectors and the number of data buses in FIG. 2 equal the number of memory cores. To handle the increased number of memory cores, the number of multiplexers and the number of control signals may need to increase. Finally, if the frequency of the internal clock signal for the multiple data rate mode (i.e., PCLK_m) is generated by dividing the frequency “f” of the system clock CLK by m, the frequency of PCLK_m and the frequency PCLK_SDR will be f/m and f/mn, respectively, where n is the value of the divider in divider  52 . 
     In the drawings and specification, there have been disclosed typical preferred embodiments of the invention and, although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being set forth in the following claims.