Abstract:
A mobile terminal device (ME) determines whether it is located in the local radio area (HFB) of the network (MN) or in another radio area (FB 2 ) and the determined radio area (HFB, FB 2 ) is indicated to an application (APPL) of the network (MN). The application (APPL) is used to control a communication request (KV) addressed to the mobile terminal device (ME) by another network (FN) either to its local radio area (HFB) or to forward it to the other radio area (FB 2 ) or the communication request (KV) is informed that the terminal device (ME) is not located in the local radio area (HFB). The invention allows communication requests coming in on the network (MN) to be directly switched to the local radio area (HFB) using the application (APPL) or to be directly forwarded to the mobile radio address in the mobile radio network of which the mobile terminal device (ME) is located, thereby avoiding or substantially reducing roaming or forwarding of communication requests from the local radio area (HFB) to another radio area and thereby achieving an economical operation of mobile telephone terminal devices (ME) with local radio area (HFB).

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is the United States national phase under 35 U.S.C. §371 of PCT International Application No. PCT/EP2009/006767, filed on Sep. 18, 2009, and claiming priority to German National Application No. 10 2008 047 932.2 filed Sep. 19, 2008. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     Embodiments of the invention relate to calculation or reduction of fees for roaming or forwarding of communications links. 
     2. Background of the Related Art 
     In mobile terminal device networks, especially telephone terminal devices, or in mobile wireless networks, it increasingly common for local areas to be defined in which cheaper rates or fees are offered by the network operators. The local area is usually identical to a local radio area, such that the local radio area corresponds to at least one radio zone of a wireless network. The lowest rate applies as long as the mobile telephone terminal device is located in that local radio network. Operators hope for greater use of mobile terminal devices through the offered local radio areas or local areas, especially mobile wireless terminal devices. 
     Low rates are often assigned to these local areas, especially for communication links within the local radio network and in fixed networks. Flat rates are then offered to mobile wireless terminal devices or their users, giving them unlimited telephone calling from and within the local area, generally to network addresses—which are usually the telephone numbers of fixed networks—in and from the fixed networks. The local area can be selected by the user of the mobile wireless terminal device, primarily a local radio area in their place of residence. 
     A local radio area is a transmitter or base station with a radio area assigned, over which the transmitter sends wireless signals in its radio area with its recognition signal or transmitter recognition signal. If a mobile wireless terminal device uses a transmitter with that recognition signal, then it is located in that local radio network. Because the radio areas of transmitters overlap, radio areas are not precisely defined, and therefore mobile wireless network operators guarantee a minimum size of the local radio area. 
     If a communication request is signaled from the fixed network to the mobile wireless terminal device with the network address of the fixed network, the signal is directed to its local radio area. However, if the mobile wireless terminal device is not located in the local radio area, then roaming is initiated and the signal is forwarded from the local radio network to the local area in the mobile wireless network where the mobile wireless terminal device is located at that time. This roaming or forwarding of a connection request from one local area to another local area, or the signaling related to it, leads to higher fees, which actually should be reduced by adjusting a local radio area. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The basis for the invention consists of reducing the fees for roaming or forwarding of requested communication links to the local radio network of mobile terminal devices when the mobile terminal devices are not located in the local radio area. 
     The significant aspect of the method according to embodiments of the invention is that the mobile terminal device determines whether it is located in the local radio network or in another radio area, and the mobile terminal device indicates the determined radio area to an application on the network. By means of the application, a communication request addressed to the mobile terminal device through another network is either directed to its local radio area or forwarded to the other radio area, or the communication link is informed that the mobile terminal device is not located in the local radio area. The method according to the invention is especially well suited for mobile telephone terminal devices or mobile multimedia terminal devices and also for mobile terminal devices in fixed networks. 
     A significant advantage of embodiments of the invention is that, by means of the network application, incoming communication requests to the local area are directly established or directly forwarded, with the address of a wireless network, to the wireless network where the mobile terminal device is located. This eliminates or significantly reduces roaming or forwarding of communication attempts from the local radio area to another radio area, because using the network application, communication links with the network address of the other radio area are sent directly to the mobile terminal device, which is more efficient than roaming controlled by the operator. 
     According to one embodiment of the invention, a local radio area detected by the mobile terminal device or another mobile network signals or transmits to the network application, and preferably the network-specific terminal device protocol in networks with Internet protocol is represented by the standardized Session Initial Protocol (SIP), wherein the signaling is effected by a register request producing another contact parameter or a register request producing another parameter. This simple forwarding of the standardized SIP protocol allows the network application to be signaled or notified of the signaling of the residence location of the mobile terminal device. 
     The mobile terminal devices can also use a JAVA application, for example, to perform the functions according to the invention. In this case, mobile terminal devices can easily be retrofitted to work with the method according to the invention. 
     Additional preferential developments of the invented method and one communication arrangement according to the invention can be found in other claims. 
     The following text further explains the invention and its developments, with reference to two drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
         FIG. 1  a block diagram showing a communication arrangement for executing the method according to the invention, in which a mobile wireless terminal device is located within a local radio area, and 
         FIG. 2  a communication arrangement as in  FIG. 1 , in which the mobile wireless terminal device is located outside of the local radio area. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram showing an example of a communication arrangement in which the invented method is used, including only components in which the invented method is implemented or which are necessary in order to clarify the invented method. 
       FIG. 1  shows an example for explaining the invention, consisting of two radio zones or radio areas FB 1 , FB 2  in a mobile wireless network MN, wherein the mobile wireless network MN includes multiple radio zones. The radio areas FB 1 , FB 2  here are determined by the radio range of the base stations or their transmitters in each mobile wireless network MN or other wireless network. The mobile wireless network MN can be arranged according to a GSM or UMTS standard, for example. 
     For this example it is assumed that one of the two radio areas FB 1 , FB 2  is assigned as the local radio area HFB—designated in  FIG. 1  as HFB(FB 1 )—for the mobile terminal device ME. Local radio areas HFB are increasingly offered by operators of mobile wireless networks MN, wherein lower rates apply for a mobile terminal device ME in its local radio area HFB than in the rest of the mobile wireless network MN. 
     Lower rates also apply for connections to and from the fixed network, especially the fixed telephone network. These lower rates apply as long as the mobile terminal device ME is located in this local radio area HFB. If a mobile terminal device ME moves from the local radio area HFB to another radio area FB, then it is recognized by the respective base stations in the mobile wireless network MN and switched to the standard rates or fees for the mobile wireless network MN. 
     In this case, the local radio area HFB can assign a different address or telephone number for the address or telephone number in the mobile wireless network MN. As an example, this can be the address or telephone number assigned to a subscriber on the mobile wireless network MN in the fixed network FN, if he is also subscribed to the fixed network FN. 
       FIG. 1  also shows a server S in which an application APPL is run, wherein the server S is connected to a communication system KS that is used, for example, by a company for handling fixed network connections and company-specific wireless connections. The communication system KS can manage connections to and from a fixed network FN, such as a fixed telephone network PST, for example. The server S can also be functionally integrated into the communication system KS as an application server or can be a functional component of the communication system KS such that the server S can be reached through the mobile wireless network MN. 
     The server S can be part of the mobile wireless network MN and can be reached by each of the mobile terminal devices ME at least through its service data channel or a data channel of the mobile wireless network MN. If the mobile terminal device ME is subscribed to a GPS mobile wireless network GSM, an SIP protocol (Session Initial Protocol) with a data or service channel is preferably used as the signaling channel, by means of which the mobile terminal device ME notifies the server S or the application APPL of whether it is located in the local radio area HFB or in another radio area FB 2 . If the mobile terminal device ME is subscribed to the UMTS mobile wireless network UMTS, the SIP protocol is also used as the signaling protocol and can be used directly for reporting on the home area of the mobile terminal device ME. 
     The home area of the mobile terminal device ME is determined by an application A in the mobile terminal device ME. In this case, the respective radio area FB 2  assigned as the local radio area HFB for the mobile terminal device ME is entered into the application A. For example, the local radio area HFB is provided by means of a recognition signal through the base station or even multiple base stations—not shown—that provide wireless coverage for the local radio area HFB. By comparing the currently received recognition signal from the base station(s) with the information assigned to the application A via the base station(s) of the local radio area HFB, it is possible to determine whether the mobile terminal device ME is located in its local radio area HFB. 
     According to the invention, an extension of the standardized SIP protocol SIP—in particular, RFC standard 3261—is to be used to report the home area of the mobile terminal device ME. 
     According to a first exemplary variation, the information that shows where the mobile terminal device ME is located in the local radio area HFB or in another radio area FB is transmitted to the server S by means of an additional piece of information in the “contact” parameter contained in the Register Request Message. 
     The Register Request Message (RRM) is structured as follows:
     REGISTER sips:ss2.biloxi.example. com SIP/2.0
       Via:SIP/2.0/TLS client.biloxi.example. com:5061;   branch=z9hG4bKnashds   Max-Forward: 70   From: Bob &lt;sips:bob@biloxi.example&gt;;tag=a73kszlf1   To: Bob &lt;sips:bob@biloxi.example.com&gt;   Call-ID: 1j9FpLxk3uxtm8tn@biloxi.example.com   CSeq: 1 REGISTERED MAIL   Contact: “Mr.Bob”   &lt;sips:bob@client.biloxi.example.com&gt;; q=0, 7;   Expires=3600; homezone=[IN,OUT]   Content-Length: 0   
       

     As an alternative, for example, the Register Request Message (RRM) itself can be expanded as follows:
     REGISTER sips:ss2.biloxi.example. com SIP/2.0
       Via:SIP/2.0/TLS client.biloxi.example. com:5061;   branch=z9hG4bKnashds   Max-Forward: 70   From: Bob &lt;sips:bob@biloxi.example&gt;;tag=a73kszlf1   To: Bob &lt;sips:bob@biloxi.example.com&gt;   Call-ID: 1j9FpLxk3uxtm8tn@biloxi.example.com   CSeq: 1 REGISTERED MAIL   Contact: “Mr.Bob”   &lt;sips:bob@client.biloxi.example.com&gt;;q=0, 7;   Expires=3600;   homezone=[IN,OUT]   Content-Length: 0   
       

     Using the Register Request Message RRM, the mobile terminal device ME reports whether it is located in its local radio area HFB or is outside of its local radio area HFB in another radio area FB of the mobile wireless network MN. 
     For this example, it is assumed that the mobile terminal device ME is first located in its local radio area HFB. According to the invention, a Register Request Message RRM is generated and sent wirelessly through the mobile wireless network MN to the server S, wherein the Register Request Message RRM shows, by means of a piece of information IN, that it is located in its local radio area HFB, designated in  FIG. 1  by an arrow marked with RRM(IN). In the server S, the information IN is stored in an application APPL and made available to the communication system KS. The information IN is displayed by the communication system KS with a status indication within a Presence Service, i.e., using this information IN, mobile terminal devices ME located in the local radio area HFB can be incorporated into a service for preferred terminal devices ME, which is done in the communication system KS (not shown). 
     Communication requests KV addressed to the mobile terminal device ME are forwarded directly with the address or telephone number of the local radio area HFB. This means that establishment of the connection or session is directed or transmitted through the server S and the communication system KS, so therefore in the network with the address or telephone number of the local radio area HFB, directly to the mobile terminal device ME, shown in  FIG. 1  by dotted lines marked KV. 
     For this example, it is assumed that the mobile terminal device ME—shown as a shaded rectangle—is moved from the local radio area HFB to another radio area FB 2 , such as when the user of the mobile terminal device ME moves to another location (see  FIG. 2 ). After leaving the local radio area HFB, this is recognized by the application A in the mobile terminal device ME, and a Register Request Message RRM is generated and sent wirelessly via the mobile wireless network MN to the server S, wherein the Register Request Message RRM shows, by means of the information OUT, that it is not located in its local radio area HFB—shown in  FIG. 1  as an arrow marked RRM (OUT). In the server S, the information OUT is stored in the application APPL and made available to the communication system KS. In this case, the information OUT from the communication system KS is displayed with a status indication within a presence service (not shown). 
     Communication requests KV addressed to the mobile terminal device ME are now no longer forwarded directly to the address or telephone number of the local radio area HFB. According to the invention, multiple variations are possible for handling the communication request KV or the initiated establishment of a connection. 
     One possibility consists of using an announcement device to inform the calling terminal device ME, as part of establishing a connection or a session that the mobile terminal device ME is not located in its local radio area HFB. In addition, the communication request or calling terminal device can be notified of the address or telephone number of the mobile wireless network MN in which the mobile terminal device ME is located. 
     In a further possibility, the communication request or initiated establishment of a connection or session with the address or telephone number of the mobile terminal device ME in the mobile wireless network MN is directed to the mobile terminal device ME, shown in  FIG. 2  as dotted lines marked KV. In this way, roaming or forwarding of the communication request KV from one radio area FB to another radio area FB in the mobile wireless network MN can be avoided. Furthermore, by using internal company addresses or telephone numbers on the mobile wireless network MN, lower rates for forwarding the established connection to a mobile terminal device ME MN can be achieved. 
     It is also possible to retrofit mobile terminal devices ME that are already in use. For example, by means of an application A written in the object-oriented programming language JAVA in the mobile terminal device ME, the functions according to the invention, such as reporting the home location in the local radio area HFB and notifying the server S using a Register Request Message RRM, can be performed. 
     For example, a suitable data or service channel can also be established using GRPS or SMS, depending on the terminal device&#39;s performance capabilities. In this way, the invention&#39;s use is not limited to particular terminal devices such as mobile telephones, but rather can also be applied to configurations with wireless terminal devices or fixed network terminal devices in which a local area can be defined, and different handling of communication requests is possible depending upon the terminal device&#39;s location inside or outside of the local area.