Abstract:
The present invention is a device for cutting solid medications, whether in the form of capsules, tablets or pills. When cutting capsules, the capsules are retained to be divided by a first blade. Tablets and other forms of the medication are retained by pill stabilizers and cut by a second blade. The device also may have a pill crusher and a section to hold whole or divided medications.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
       [0001]    The present invention relates generally to medical care devices, and more particularly to devices for accurately and precisely dividing predetermined dosages of substantially solid medicines, whether in a tablet or capsule form. 
         [0002]    Modern oral medicines come in a variety of forms depending on the desired effect, manufacturing abilities, shelf life, personal preference, and the like. Examples include tablets, capsules, liquids, gels, gums, and dissolving strips. Of these, tablets and capsules are the most widely accepted forms. Tablets may be defined as generally small, usually soluble masses of medicine, often held together with a binder. Capsules are similar, except capsule are usually substantially cylindrical shaped and comprise an outer coating or layer to hold the medication together. 
         [0003]    Medications typically are produced in a limited number of concentrations or dosages. For example, a tablet may be produced in dosages of 150 and 250 mg active ingredient. Dosage variations for a particular medication may be driven by financial, manufacturing, and/or effectiveness considerations. 
         [0004]    As medications are produced and delivered in predetermined dosages, patients may sometimes need to divide a medication into smaller portions in order to achieve a proper dosage as prescribed by a medical professional. 
         [0005]    Further, some patients have difficulty swallowing larger tablets and capsules. Thus, some patients find it easier to divide a tablet or capsule medication into smaller, more easily swallowed portions, even where the full-sized tablet or capsule is the proper dosage for the patient. 
         [0006]    The prior art is ripe with examples of various tablet dividers. However, a greater number of medications are being produced in capsule form. The tablet dividers of the prior art generally cannot consistently, properly, and accurately divide a medication in capsule form into smaller dosages. 
         [0007]    Further, many more tablets are being produced with an outer shell which makes prior art medication dividers more difficult to use properly, as the outer shell may be difficult to pierce in order to divide the tablet as desired. 
         [0008]    Thus, what is desired is a device for properly and accurately dividing tablet and capsule medications into small dosages. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0009]    The various exemplary embodiments of the present invention include a device for dividing medications into smaller dosages. The device is comprised of a housing having a top section and a bottom section. A backend of the top section is connected to a backend of the bottom section via one or more hinges such that an underside portion of the top section is substantially adjacent to an upper-side portion of the bottom section when the one or more hinges are closed, and the upper-side portion of the bottom section is a substantially negative profile of the underside portion of the top section. The top section has one or more capsule loading ports, a first cutting blade, and a second cutting blade. Each capsule loading port has a substantially circular cross-section and is located on sides of the top section between the backside and a front end of the top section. The first cutting blade is substantially parallel and equidistant to the sides of the top section and connected to the top section via two or more flexible retaining means, such that the first cutting blade is in a start position as capsules are loaded into the one or more capsule loading ports, and the first cutting blade is in a second position when the first cutting blade is moved towards the underside portion of the top section and divides the capsules in the one or more capsule loading ports. The second cutting blade fixedly connected to the underside of the top section. The bottom section has two or more pill stabilizers and a medication storage area. The two or more pill stabilizer being for retention of medications to be divided by the second cutting blade when the one or more hinges are closed. 
     
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0010]    The various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which will become more apparent as the description proceeds, are described in the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
           [0011]      FIG. 1  is an illustration of side-perspective of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0012]      FIG. 2  is an illustration of front view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0013]      FIG. 3  is an illustration of a top view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention wherein the one or more hinges are open. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0014]    Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described herein and in the associated figures. 
         [0015]    As shown in  FIG. 1 , the various exemplary embodiments of the present invention include a device  10  for dividing preformed solid medications into smaller dosages. 
         [0016]    The device is comprised of a top section  20  and a bottom section  30 . A backend  22  of the top section is connected to the backend  32  of the bottom section via one or more hinges  40 . It is preferred that when the one or more hinges are closed, an underside portion  25  of the top section is substantially adjacent to an upper-side  35  portion of the bottom section. Preferably, the upper-side portion of the bottom section is a substantially negative profile of the underside portion of the top section. 
         [0017]    In addition to having a backend, the top section also comprises a front end  21  and sides  23  connecting the front end to the backend. The top section may be of any geometric shape, but preferably is rectangular in shape. 
         [0018]    Likewise, the bottom section is comprised of a backend, a front end  31  and sides  33  connecting the front end to the backend. The bottom section may be of any geometric shape, but preferably is rectangular in shape. It is also preferred that the shape and size of the bottom section be substantially similar to that of the top section. 
         [0019]    The top section is comprised of one or more capsule loading ports  50 , a first cutting blade  55 , and a second cutting blade  60 . 
         [0020]    The one or more capsule loading ports of the various exemplary embodiments have a substantially circular cross-sectional shape. That is, when viewing the one or more capsule loading ports from the sides of the top section, the one or more capsule loading ports appear as circular-shaped holes in the side of the top section. 
         [0021]    It is preferred that the one or more capsule loading ports extend substantially through the top section such that each of the one or more capsule loading ports are visible on each side of the top section. Thus, the top section, at least in a region comprising the one or more capsule loading ports, should be no more than slightly greater than the length of a medicine capsule. 
         [0022]    In the various exemplary embodiments, each of the one more capsule loading ports may retain a single medicine capsule. In a preferred embodiment, the one or more capsule loading ports are all of the substantially identical predetermined size, that is, for example, the cross-sectional of each capsule loading port is of the same diameter. 
         [0023]    In a more preferred embodiment, where there are multiple capsule loading ports, each capsule loading ports is of a different size than each of the other capsule loading ports of the device. For example, the device may include three capsule loading ports, each of a cross-sectional diameter of about 9 mm, about 7 mm, and about 6 mm. 
         [0024]    The first cutting blade of the various exemplary embodiments of the present invention is connected to the top section. It is preferred that the first cutting blade of the exemplary embodiments is connected to the top section via two or more flexible retaining means  56 . The flexible retaining means are preferably attached to at least each of the ends of the first cutting blade. 
         [0025]    In the various exemplary embodiments, the first cutting blade is substantially parallel to the one or more capsule loading ports, and preferably the first cutting blade is substantially equidistant from each of the sides of the top section. The first cutting blade is in a start position as medicine capsules are loaded into the one or more capsule loading ports. The first cutting blade is in a second position when the first cutting blade is moved towards the underside portion of the top section and thereby divides each of the capsules loaded into the one or more capsule loading ports. It is preferred that the first cutting blade not extend below the underside portion of the top section. 
         [0026]    As the first cutting blade divides each of the capsules loaded into the one or more capsule loading ports, it is preferred that the capsules be divided into two substantially equal pieces. 
         [0027]    It is also preferred that when the first cutting blade is in the second position, it is held in the second position via a fastening means  58 . The fastening means may be comprised of, for example, a latch, a hook, and the like. 
         [0028]    In an exemplary embodiment, a retaining means may extend around the top section to retain the capsules loaded into the one or more capsule loading ports in the one or more capsule loading ports when the first cutting blade divides the capsules. Examples of such retaining means may be a rubber band, fabric, and the like. 
         [0029]    The first cutting blade may be of any size, so long as it fits in the device. In a preferred embodiment, a blade depth of the first cutting blade is about 2 cm to about 10 cm. 
         [0030]    In the various exemplary embodiments, the second cutting blade is fixedly connected to the underside portion of the top section of the device. The second cutting blade has a blade depth of about 1 cm to about 10 cm. 
         [0031]    The second cutting blade is substantially parallel to the one or more capsule loading ports, and preferably the first cutting blade is substantially equidistant from each of the sides of the top section. 
         [0032]    In an exemplary embodiment, one or more blade guards  62  are located on the underside of the top section to surround the second cutting blade. The one or more blade guards may extend outward and away from the second cutting blade starting from an end of the second cutting blade nearest to the backend of the top section, may extend inward and towards the second cutting blade starting from an end of the second cutting blade nearest to the backend of the top section, or a combination thereof. 
         [0033]    In the various exemplary embodiments, the bottom section includes two or more pill stabilizers  64 . The pill stabilizers are located on the upper side of the bottom section of the device. The pill stabilizers may extend outward and away from the second cutting blade on the top section starting from an end of the second cutting blade nearest to the backend of the top section, may extend inward and towards the second cutting blade on the top section starting from an end of the second cutting blade nearest to the backend of the top section, or a combination thereof. 
         [0034]    In a preferred embodiment, the one or more blade guards and the pill stabilizers are substantially the same shape such that when the one or more hinges are closed, the one or more blade guards rest substantially outside of or inside of the one or more pill stabilizers. See for example,  FIG. 2 . 
         [0035]    Medicines, in the form of tablets and pills may be placed in the upper side of the bottom section of the device and positioned between the one or more pill stabilizers. As the one or more hinges are closed, the second cutting blade is moved closer to the upper side of the bottom section and substantially divides the medicines positioned between the one or more pill stabilizers. It is preferred that the capsules be divided into two substantially equal pieces. 
         [0036]    Upon closing of the one or more hinges, the underside portion top section may be maintained substantially against the upper-side portion of the bottom section via a locking means  68 . The locking means may be a latch, hook, or the like. 
         [0037]    In various exemplary embodiments, the uppers-side of the bottom section may further comprise a concave pill crushing section  70 . The concave pill crushing section is preferably located substantially towards the backend of the bottom section. 
         [0038]    In the various exemplary embodiments in which the bottom section comprises a concave pill crushing section, the underside of the top section further comprises a convex pill crushing section  75  that corresponds to and is substantially adjacent to the concave pill crushing section when the one or more hinges are closed. 
         [0039]    In various exemplary embodiments, the upper-side of the bottom section may further comprise a storage area  80 . 
         [0040]    While the invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description and examples, and without deviating from the contemplated scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations which fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.