Abstract:
A fabrication method of a semiconductor package is disclosed, which includes the steps of: providing a semiconductor structure having a carrier, a circuit portion formed on the carrier and a plurality of semiconductor elements disposed on the circuit portion; disposing a lamination member on the semiconductor elements; forming an insulating layer on the circuit portion for encapsulating the semiconductor elements; and removing the carrier. The lamination member increases the strength between adjacent semiconductor elements so as to overcome the conventional cracking problem caused by a CTE mismatch between the semiconductor elements and the insulating layer when the carrier is removed.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The present invention relates to semiconductor packages and fabrication methods thereof, and more particularly, to a semiconductor package having wafer-level circuits and a fabrication method thereof. 
         [0003]    2. Description of Related Art 
         [0004]    Along with the rapid development of electronic industries, electronic products are developed toward multi-function and high electrical performance. Accordingly, there have been developed various types of flip-chip packaging modules such as chip scale packages (CSPs), direct chip attached (DCA) packages and multi-chip module (MCM), and 3D IC chip stacking technologies. 
         [0005]      FIG. 1A  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional semiconductor package  1 . Referring to  FIG. 1A , the semiconductor package  1  has a packaging substrate  14  having a plurality of bonding pads  140  having a large pitch, a through silicon interposer (TSI)  10  disposed on the packaging substrate  14 , and a semiconductor chip  12  disposed on the through silicon interposer  10  and having a plurality of electrode pads  120  having a small pitch. The through silicon interposer  10  has a plurality of through silicon vias (TSVs)  100  formed therein and a redistribution layer (RDL) structure  101  formed on the TSVs  100 . The RDL structure  101  is electrically connected to the bonding pads  140  of the packaging substrate  14  through a plurality of conductive elements  18 . An underfill  13  is formed between the through silicon interposer  10  and the packaging substrate  14  for encapsulating the conductive elements  18 . The electrode pads  120  of the semiconductor chip  120  are electrically connected to the TSVs  100  of the through silicon interposer  10  through a plurality of solder bumps  121 . Further, an underfill  13  is formed between the through silicon interposer  10  and the semiconductor chip  120  for encapsulating the solder bumps  121 . 
         [0006]    If the semiconductor chip  12  is directly disposed on the packaging substrate  14 , joints formed between the solder bumps  121  of the semiconductor chip  12  and the bonding pads  140  of the packaging substrate  14  can be adversely affected by a big CTE (Coefficient of Thermal Expansion) mismatch between the semiconductor chip  12  and the packaging substrate  14 , thus easily resulting in delamination of the solder bumps  121  from the packaging substrate  14 . Further, the CTE mismatch between the semiconductor chip  12  and the packaging substrate  14  induces more thermal stresses and leads to more serious warpages, thereby reducing the reliability of electrical connection between the semiconductor chip  12  and the packaging substrate  14  and even resulting in failure of a reliability test. 
         [0007]    Therefore, the through silicon interposer  10  made of a semiconductor material close to the semiconductor chip  12  is provided so as to effectively overcome the above-described drawbacks. 
         [0008]    However, to form the TSVs  100  of the through silicon interposer  10 , a plurality of through holes need to be formed in the through silicon interposer  10  and filled with a metal material, which incurs a high cost. For example, for a 12-inch wafer, the TSV cost occupies about 40% to 50% of the total cost for fabricating the through silicon interposer  10 . Consequently, the cost of the final product is increased. 
         [0009]    Further, the fabrication of the through silicon interposer  10  is quite complicated, thus resulting in a low yield of the semiconductor package  1 . 
         [0010]    To overcome the above-described drawbacks, a semiconductor package  1 ′ without a through silicon interposer, as shown in  FIG. 1B , is proposed. Referring to  FIG. 1B , a plurality of semiconductor chips  12  are disposed on a circuit portion  11  on a carrier (not shown) through a plurality of solder bumps  121 . Then, an encapsulant  16  is formed on the circuit portion  11  for encapsulating the semiconductor chips  12  so as to protect the semiconductor chips  12  and increase the rigidity of the semiconductor package  1 ′. Thereafter, the carrier (not shown) on the lower side of the circuit portion  11  is removed and an insulating layer  17  is formed on the lower side of the circuit portion  11 . The circuit portion  11  is partially exposed from the insulating layer  17  so as for a plurality of conductive elements  18  such as solder balls to be formed thereon. 
         [0011]    However, since the gap between the semiconductor chips  12  is very small, when the carrier on the lower side of the circuit portion  11  is removed, stresses induced by a CTE mismatch between the semiconductor chips  12 , inter-metal dielectric (IMD) layers of the circuit portion  11  and the encapsulant  16  can easily cause cracking of the IMD layers of the circuit portion  11  and even cause cracking of the solder bumps  121 , for example, a crack k of  FIG. 1B . 
         [0012]    Therefore, there is a need to provide a semiconductor package and a fabrication method thereof so as to overcome the above-described drawbacks. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0013]    In view of the above-described drawbacks, the present invention provides a semiconductor package, which comprises: a circuit portion having opposite first and second sides; a plurality of semiconductor elements disposed on the first side of the circuit portion; a lamination member disposed on the semiconductor elements; and an insulating layer formed on the first side of the circuit portion for encapsulating the semiconductor elements. 
         [0014]    In the above-described package, the insulating layer can further encapsulate the lamination member. Furthermore, the lamination member can be exposed from a surface of the insulating layer. 
         [0015]    In the above-described package, the insulating layer can be flush on sides with the lamination member. 
         [0016]    The above-described package can further comprise an adhesive layer formed between the semiconductor elements and the lamination member. The adhesive layer can further be formed between the insulating layer and the lamination member. The adhesive layer can be made of a die attach film (DAF) or a thermal interface material (TIM). 
         [0017]    In the above-described package, the insulating layer can further be formed between the lamination member and the semiconductor elements. 
         [0018]    The above-described package can further comprise a plurality of conductive elements formed on the second side of the circuit portion. 
         [0019]    The present invention further provides a fabrication method of a semiconductor package, which comprises the steps of: providing a semiconductor structure comprising a carrier, a circuit portion formed on the carrier and a plurality of semiconductor elements disposed on the circuit portion; disposing a lamination member on the semiconductor elements; forming an insulating layer on the circuit portion for encapsulating the semiconductor elements; and removing the carrier. 
         [0020]    In the above-described method, the insulating layer can further encapsulate the lamination member. After forming the insulating layer, the method can further comprise exposing the lamination member from a surface of the insulating layer. 
         [0021]    In the above-described method, the lamination member can be disposed on the semiconductor elements through an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer can be made of a die attach film (DAF) or a thermal interface material (TIM). 
         [0022]    In the above-described method, the carrier can be a silicon-containing substrate. 
         [0023]    After the carrier is removed, the above-described method can further comprise exposing the circuit portion so as to form a plurality of conductive elements on the circuit portion. 
         [0024]    The present invention provides another fabrication method of a semiconductor package, which comprises the steps of: providing a semiconductor structure comprising a carrier, a circuit portion formed on the carrier and a plurality of semiconductor elements disposed on the circuit portion; forming an insulating layer on the circuit portion for encapsulating the semiconductor elements; disposing a lamination member on the semiconductor elements and the insulating layer; and removing the carrier. 
         [0025]    In the above-described method, the lamination member can be disposed on the semiconductor elements and the insulating layer through an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer can be made of a die attach film (DAF) or a thermal interface material (TIM). 
         [0026]    In the above-described method, the carrier can be a silicon-containing substrate. 
         [0027]    After the carrier is removed, the above-described method can further comprise exposing the circuit portion so as to form a plurality of conductive elements on the circuit portion. 
         [0028]    The present invention still provides another fabrication method of a semiconductor package, which comprises the steps of: providing a semiconductor structure comprising a carrier, a circuit portion formed on the carrier and a plurality of semiconductor elements disposed on the circuit portion; providing a lamination member having an insulating layer and disposing the lamination member on the circuit portion through the insulating layer, wherein the insulating layer encapsulates the semiconductor elements; and removing the carrier. 
         [0029]    In the above-described method, the insulating layer can further be formed between the lamination member and the semiconductor elements. 
         [0030]    In the above-described method, the carrier can be a silicon-containing substrate. 
         [0031]    After the carrier is removed, the above-described method can further comprise exposing the circuit portion so as to form a plurality of conductive elements on the circuit portion. 
         [0032]    In the above-described package and methods, an underfill can further be formed between the circuit portion and the semiconductor elements. 
         [0033]    In the above-described package and methods, the insulating layer can further be formed between the circuit portion and the semiconductor elements. 
         [0034]    In the above-described package and methods, the lamination member can be a dummy die. 
         [0035]    According to the present invention, a lamination member is provided to increase the strength between adjacent semiconductor elements. Therefore, the present invention overcomes the conventional cracking problem caused by a CTE mismatch between the semiconductor elements and the insulating layer when the carrier is removed. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         [0036]      FIGS. 1A and 1B  are schematic cross-sectional views of conventional semiconductor packages; 
           [0037]      FIGS. 2A to 2E  are schematic cross-sectional views showing a fabrication method of a semiconductor package according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG.  2 E′ shows another embodiment of  FIG. 2E ; 
           [0038]      FIGS. 3A to 3D  are schematic cross-sectional views showing a fabrication method of a semiconductor package according to a second embodiment the present invention, wherein FIG.  3 D′ shows another embodiment of  FIG. 3D ; and 
           [0039]      FIGS. 4A to 4D  are schematic cross-sectional views showing a fabrication method of a semiconductor package according to a third embodiment the present invention, wherein FIG.  4 D′ shows another embodiment of  FIG. 4D . 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0040]    The following illustrative embodiments are provided to illustrate the disclosure of the present invention, these and other advantages and effects can be apparent to those in the art after reading this specification. 
         [0041]    It should be noted that all the drawings are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Further, terms such as “first”, “second”, “on”, “a” etc. are merely for illustrative purposes and should not be construed to limit the scope of the present invention. 
         [0042]      FIGS. 2A to 2E  are schematic cross-sectional views showing a fabrication method of a semiconductor package  2  according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 
         [0043]    Referring to  FIG. 2A , a semiconductor structure  2   a  is provided, which has a carrier  20 , a circuit portion  21  formed on the carrier  20 , a plurality of semiconductor elements  22  disposed on the circuit portion  21 , and an underfill  23  formed between the circuit portion  21  and the semiconductor elements  22 . 
         [0044]    In the present embodiment, the carrier  20  is a silicon-containing substrate. 
         [0045]    The circuit portion  21  has a plurality of dielectric layers  210  and a plurality of circuit layers  211  alternately stacked on one another. Further, the circuit portion  21  has a first side  21   a  on which the semiconductor elements  22  are disposed and a second side  21   b  opposite to the first side  21   a  and bonded to the carrier  20 . 
         [0046]    Each of the semiconductor elements  22  is flip-chip bonded to the circuit layers  211  of the circuit portion  21  through a plurality of conductive bumps  221 , and the underfill  23  encapsulates the conductive bumps  221 . 
         [0047]    The circuit layers  211  are wafer-level circuits instead of packaging-substrate-level circuits. Currently, packaging substrates have a minimum line width and pitch of 12 um, while semiconductor processes can provide a line width and pitch below 3 μm. 
         [0048]    Referring to  FIG. 2B , an adhesive layer  24  is formed on the semiconductor elements  22 . In the present embodiment, the adhesive layer  24  is made of a die attach film (DAF) or a thermal interface material (TIM) such as a thermal adhesive. 
         [0049]    Referring to  FIG. 2C , a lamination member  25  is disposed on the adhesive layer  24  to increase the strength between the semiconductor elements  22 . 
         [0050]    In the present embodiment, the lamination member  25  is a dummy die singulated from a wafer. 
         [0051]    In another embodiment, the adhesive layer  24  is formed on the lamination member  25  first and then the lamination member  25  having the adhesive layer  24  is disposed on the semiconductor elements  22  through the adhesive layer  24 . 
         [0052]    Referring to  FIG. 2D , an insulating layer  26  is formed on the first side  21   a  of the circuit portion  21  for encapsulating the semiconductor elements  22 . 
         [0053]    In the present embodiment, the lamination member  25  is partially encapsulated by the insulating layer  26  and exposed from a surface of the insulating layer  26 . In another embodiment, the lamination member  25  is entirely encapsulated by the insulating layer  26  and not exposed from the insulating layer  26 . 
         [0054]    The insulating layer  26  can be an encapsulant, a lamination film or a coating layer. 
         [0055]    Referring to  FIG. 2E , the carrier  20  is removed to expose the second side  21   b  of the circuit portion  21  and a plurality of conductive elements  28  are formed on the second side  21   b  of the circuit portion  21 . Thereafter, a singulation process is performed along cutting paths S of  FIG. 2D  to obtain a plurality of semiconductor packages  2 . 
         [0056]    In the present embodiment, a plurality of conductive pads  212  electrically connected to the circuit layers  211  are formed on the second side  21   b  of the circuit portion  21  first and then an insulating layer  27  is formed on the second side  21   b  of the circuit portion  21 . The insulating layer  27  has a plurality of openings  270  exposing the conductive pads  212  such that the conductive elements  28  such as solder balls are formed on the exposed conductive pads  212 . 
         [0057]    In another embodiment, the singulation process can be performed before formation of the conductive pads  212 , the insulating layer  27  and the conductive elements  28 . 
         [0058]    In another embodiment, the underfill  23  can be omitted. Instead, the insulating layer  26  is formed between the circuit portion  21  and the semiconductor elements  22  for encapsulating the conductive bumps  221 , as shown in FIG.  2 E′. 
         [0059]      FIGS. 3A to 3D  are schematic cross-sectional views showing a fabrication method of a semiconductor package  3  according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Different from the first embodiment, the present embodiment forms the insulating layer before disposing the lamination member, which is detailed as follows. 
         [0060]    Referring to  FIG. 3A , a semiconductor structure  2   a  of  FIG. 2A  is provided. 
         [0061]    Referring to  FIG. 3B , an insulating layer  36  is formed on the first side  21   a  of the circuit portion  21  for encapsulating the semiconductor elements  22 . The semiconductor elements  22  are exposed from a surface of the insulating layer  36 . 
         [0062]    Referring to  FIG. 3C , a lamination member  35  is disposed on the semiconductor elements  22  and the insulating layer  36 . 
         [0063]    In the present embodiment, the lamination member  35  is disposed on the semiconductor elements  22  and the insulating layer  36  through an adhesive layer  34 . 
         [0064]    The lamination member  35  is a non-singulated wafer-type dummy die. 
         [0065]    Referring to  FIG. 3D , the carrier  20  is removed to expose the second side  21   b  of the circuit portion  21  and a plurality of conductive elements  28  are formed on the second side  21   b  of the circuit portion  21 . Thereafter, a singulation process is performed along cutting paths S of  FIG. 3C  to obtain a plurality of semiconductor packages  3 . Side surface  36   a  of the insulating layer  36  are flush with side surfaces  35   a  of the lamination member  35 . 
         [0066]    In another embodiment, referring to FIG.  3 D′, after forming the conductive elements  28  and before performing the simulation process, the lamination member  35  is thinned to form a lamination member  35 ′ having a reduced thickness. 
         [0067]      FIGS. 4A to 4D  are schematic cross-sectional views showing a fabrication method of a semiconductor package  4  according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment differs from the second embodiment in the bonding of the lamination member to the semiconductor elements, which is detailed as follows. 
         [0068]    Referring to  FIG. 4A , a semiconductor structure  2   a  of  FIG. 2A  is provided. 
         [0069]    Referring to  FIG. 4B , a lamination member  45  having an insulating layer  46  is provided. The lamination member  45  is a non-singulated wafer-type dummy die. 
         [0070]    Referring to  FIG. 4C , the lamination member  45  is disposed on the first side  21   a  of the circuit portion  21  through the insulating layer  46 . The insulating layer  46  encapsulates the semiconductor elements  22 . 
         [0071]    In the present embodiment, the insulating layer  46  is formed between the lamination member  45  and the semiconductor elements  22  for bonding the lamination member  45  to the semiconductor elements  22 . 
         [0072]    Referring to  FIG. 4D , the carrier  20  is removed to expose the second side  21   b  of the circuit portion  21  and a plurality of conductive elements  28  are formed on the second side  21   b  of the circuit portion  21 . Thereafter, a singulation process is performed along cutting paths S of  FIG. 4C  to obtain a plurality of semiconductor packages  4 . Side surfaces  46   a  of the insulating layer  46  are flush with side surfaces  45   a  of the lamination member  45 . 
         [0073]    In another embodiment, referring to FIG.  4 D′, after forming the conductive elements  28  and before performing the singulation process, the lamination member  45  is thinned to form a lamination member  45 ′ having a reduced thickness. 
         [0074]    According to the present invention, a lamination member  25 ,  35 ,  35 ′,  45 ,  45 ′ is bonded to two adjacent semiconductor elements  22  so as to increase the strength between the adjacent semiconductor elements  22 . Therefore, the present invention avoids cracking of the conductive bumps  221  and the dielectric layers  210  of the circuit portion  21  caused by a CTE mismatch between the semiconductor elements  22  and the insulating layer  26 ,  36 ,  46  when the carrier  20  is removed. 
         [0075]    The present invention further provides a semiconductor package  2 ,  2 ′,  3 ,  3 ′,  4 ,  4 ′, which has: a circuit portion  21  having opposite first and second sides  21   a ,  21   b ; a plurality of semiconductor elements  22  disposed on the first side  21   a  of the circuit portion  21 ; a lamination member  25 ,  35 ,  35 ′,  45 ,  45 ′ disposed on the semiconductor elements  22 ; and an insulating layer  26 ,  36 ,  46  formed on the first side  21   a  of the circuit portion  21  for encapsulating the semiconductor elements  22 . 
         [0076]    The lamination member  25 ,  35 ,  35 ′,  45 ,  45 ′ can be a dummy die. 
         [0077]    In an embodiment, the insulating layer  26  further encapsulates the lamination member  25 , and the lamination member  25  is exposed from a surface of the insulating layer  26 . 
         [0078]    Preferably, the semiconductor package  2  further has an underfill  23  formed between the first side  21   a  of the circuit portion  21  and the semiconductor elements  22 . In another embodiment, the insulating layer  26  is filled between the first side  21   a  of the circuit portion  21  and the semiconductor elements  22 . 
         [0079]    In an embodiment, the semiconductor package  2 ,  2 ′,  3 ,  3 ′ further has an adhesive layer  24 ,  34  formed between the semiconductor elements  22  and the lamination member  25 ,  35 ,  35 ′. The adhesive layer  24 ,  34  can be made of a die attach film (DAF) or a thermal interface material (TIM). In an embodiment, the adhesive layer  34  is further formed between the insulating layer  36  and the lamination member  35 ,  35 ′. 
         [0080]    In an embodiment, side surfaces  36   a ,  46   a  of the insulating layer  36 ,  46  are flush with side surfaces  35   a ,  45   a  of the lamination member  35 ,  45 . 
         [0081]    In an embodiment, the insulating layer  46  is further formed between the lamination member  45 ,  45 ′ and the semiconductor elements  22 . 
         [0082]    In an embodiment, the semiconductor package  2 ,  2 ′,  3 ,  3 ′,  4 ,  4 ′ further has a plurality of conductive elements  28  formed on the second side  21   b  of the circuit portion  21 . 
         [0083]    According to the present invention, a lamination member is bonded to two adjacent semiconductor elements to increase the strength between the adjacent semiconductor elements, thereby avoiding cracking of the conductive bumps of the semiconductor elements. 
         [0084]    The above-described descriptions of the detailed embodiments are only to illustrate the preferred implementation according to the present invention, and it is not to limit the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, all modifications and variations completed by those with ordinary skill in the art should fall within the scope of present invention defined by the appended claims.