Abstract:
A method and system to decompose, display, modify and substitute the contents of self-describing objects is presented. A user-friendly graphical user interface is designed to facilitate the processing of these objects. Since objects can be arbitrarily complex, the presentation of information in a clear and concise manner is critically important. The user can modify the values for existing objects, and by using the copy and paste operations, the user can construct new objects. These changes are made through the graphical user interface where the contents of the object is displayed and controls are provided to modify existing objects or to create new objects. The particular embodiment deals with CORBA objects of type ANY. Objects of ANY type include a Helper class to support the insertion and extraction of information. This class is dynamically created and invoked to assist in obtaining the contents from the ANY type. There are also methods to help narrow the type of objects. By utilizing these self-describing features, the present embodiment allows a user to decompose, display, and modify CORBA objects of type ANY, and to construct new objects of CORBA type ANY.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    1. Technical Field  
           [0002]    The present invention relates generally to an improved data processing system and in particular to a method and an apparatus for processing self-describing objects. Still more particularly, the present invention provides a method to decompose, display, and modify self-describing objects and to create new self-describing objects through cut and paste operations.  
           [0003]    2. Description of the Related Art  
           [0004]    Two recent trends in computing have been the development of distributed computing systems and the implementation of software using an object-oriented paradigm. Distributed computing systems are based on a client-server model. For any particular transaction, the client requests that a server perform a particular service, such as looking up or modifying a data value. In a distributed environment, the same machine may be a client for some requests and a server responding to other requests. The implementation of the client-server model is most easily accomplished using an object-oriented approach. CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) was developed by the Object Management Group (OMG). This nonprofit consortium was formed in 1989 and has membership of over 500 software vendors, developers, and users. A major goal of OMG is to create standards that allow interoperability and portability of distributed object-oriented applications.  
           [0005]    Some of the services provided by CORBA are directory and naming services to locate remote objects, persistent object services, and transaction services. A transaction is an operation or set of operations that must be performed atomically. There are two outcomes for a transaction: it is committed resulting in data values being changed if appropriate or it is aborted, which means data values must be restored to their pre-transaction values. CORBA provides these services in a language independent and platform independent manner.  
           [0006]    There are alternatives to CORBA, but these approaches have limitations. Socket programming is efficient in a homogeneous programming environment but it is low level, it cannot handle complex types well, and it does not work well in a heterogeneous environment. Remote Procedure Calls (RPC) provide a function-oriented interface to socket level communications but do not overcome the limitations already cited. The Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) by Open Software Foundation (OSF) is an interesting approach but not widely accepted. The Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM) from Microsoft only targets Microsoft Windows environments. The Remote Method Invocation (RMI) of Java is very similar to CORBA in design but is Java dependent. Consequently, CORBA provides the services necessary for distributing computing in the most language independent and machine independent manner.  
           [0007]    CORBA is an object-oriented system so it interfaces easily with object-oriented languages such as C++ or Java. But non-object-oriented languages such as C or COBOL may also use CORBA. There are several components to the CORBA environment. The Object Request Broker (ORB) facilitates communications by finding remote objects and handling parameter values and return values for method invocation. The Interface Definition Language (IDL) specifies interfaces in a language independent fashion. The CORBA system maps these interfaces to the appropriate target programming languages. CORBA implements interface inheritance.  
           [0008]    IDL supports many primitive data types, such as void, boolean, char, float, double, short, long, unsigned, and string. CORBA also supports a variety of constructed types such as enumerated, structure, union, interface, sequence, array, and exception. There is also an “ANY” type that can be used for parameters or return values. This will contain any combination of built-in types for IDL. ANY types carry along additional methods that help process the object. It would be advantageous to have a software package that allows a programmer to decompose, display, modify or substitute objects of type ANY, in the case of the CORBA environment, or, in general, for environments that contain self-describing types.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0009]    The present invention discloses a method and system to decompose, display, modify and substitute the contents of self-describing objects. A user-friendly graphical user interface is designed to facilitate the processing of these objects. Since objects can be arbitrarily complex, the presentation of information in a clear and concise manner is critically important. The user can modify the values for existing objects, and by using the copy and paste operations, the user can construct new objects. These changes are made through the graphical user interface where the contents of the object is displayed and controls are provided to modify existing objects or to create new objects.  
           [0010]    The particular embodiment of this invention deals with CORBA objects of type ANY. Objects of ANY type include a Helper class to support the insertion and extraction of information. This class is dynamically created and invoked to assist in obtaining the contents from the ANY type. There are also methods to help narrow the type of objects. By utilizing these self-describing features, the present embodiment of this invention allows a user to decompose, display, and modify CORBA objects of type ANY, and to construct new objects of CORBA type ANY.  
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0011]    The novel features believed characteristic of the invention are set forth in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, as well as a preferred mode of use, further objectives and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:  
         [0012]    [0012]FIG. 1 is a pictorial representation of a distributed data processing system in which the present invention may be implemented;  
         [0013]    [0013]FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a data processing system that may be implemented as a server in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a data processing system that may be implemented as a client in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 4 is a screen image showing the Type options for an ANY object in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 5 is a screen image showing how a type can be changed to boolean in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 6 is a screen image showing how to copy an object to the clipboard in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 7 is a screen image showing how to paste an object from the clipboard in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 8 is a screen image of an ANY object after the paste is completed in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating the extraction of data from an ANY type in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 10 is Java source code illustrating the extract of data from an ANY type in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating the extraction of data from a complex type in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 12 is Java source code illustrating the extraction of data from a complex type in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0024]    [0024]FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating the insertion of primitive data into an ANY type in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0025]    [0025]FIG. 14 is Java source code illustrating the insertion of primitive data into an ANY type in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0026]    [0026]FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating the insertion of complex data into an ANY type in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0027]    [0027]FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating the building of a parameter list for insertion of complex data into an ANY type in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and  
         [0028]    [0028]FIG. 17 is Java source code illustrating the insertion of complex data into an ANY type in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.  
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0029]    With reference now to the figures, and in particular with reference to FIG. 1, a pictorial representation of a distributed data processing system is depicted in which the present invention may be implemented.  
         [0030]    Distributed data processing system  100  is a network of computers in which the present invention may be implemented. Distributed data processing system  100  contains network  102 , which is the medium used to provide communications links between various devices and computers connected within distributed data processing system  100 . Network  102  may include permanent connections, such as wire or fiber optic cables, or temporary connections made through telephone connections.  
         [0031]    In the depicted example, servers  104 ,  114 ,  116  and  118  are connected to network  102 . Storage units  106  and  122  are also connected to network  102 , providing backup support for any or all of servers  104 ,  114 ,  116  and  118 . Storage unit  122  provides dedicated backup support for server  104 . In addition, clients  108 ,  110  and  112  are also connected to network  102 . These three clients may be, for example, personal computers or network computers. For purposes of this application, a network computer is any computer coupled to a network, which receives a program or other application from another computer coupled to the network. Distributed data processing system  100  may include additional servers, clients, and other devices not shown.  
         [0032]    In the depicted example, servers  104 ,  114 ,  116  and  118  provide storage for data from clients  108 ,  110  and  112 . These four servers also provide data, such as boot files, operating system images, and applications to clients  108 ,  110  and  112 . Clients  108 ,  110  and  112  are clients to one or all of servers  104 ,  114 ,  116  and  118 . Support for a particular application being performed on one of clients  108 ,  110  and  112  may be by one of servers  104 ,  114 ,  116  and  118 . Additionally servers  104 ,  114 ,  116  and  118  may provide backup support for each other. In the event of a server failure, a redundant backup server may be allocated by the network administrator, in which case requests directed to the failed server are routed to the redundant backup server.  
         [0033]    In a similar manner, data backup support is provided by storage units  106  and  122  for servers  104 ,  114 ,  116  and  118 . However, rather than the network administrator allocating a data backup storage unit at each use, data backup allocation is set, and data backup transfer occurs at low usage times, typically after midnight, between any of servers  104 ,  114 ,  116  and  118  and storage units  106  and  122 .  
         [0034]    In the depicted example, distributed data processing system  100  may be the Internet, with network  102  representing a worldwide collection of networks and gateways that use the TCP/IP suite of protocols to communicate with one another. At the heart of the Internet is a backbone of high-speed data communication lines between major nodes or host computers consisting of thousands of commercial, government, education, and other computer systems that route data and messages. Of course, distributed data processing system  100  also may be implemented as a number of different types of networks, such as, for example, an intranet or a local area network.  
         [0035]    [0035]FIG. 1 is intended as an example and not as an architectural limitation for the processes of the present invention. For example, this invention can work on a standalone machine where both the client application and the server both reside.  
         [0036]    Referring to FIG. 2, a block diagram of a data processing system which may be implemented as a server, such as server  104  in FIG. 1, is depicted in accordance with the present invention. Data processing system  200  may be a symmetric multiprocessor (SMP) system including a plurality of processors  202  and  204  connected to system bus  206 . Alternatively, a single processor system may be employed. Also connected to system bus  206  is memory controller/cache  208 , which provides an interface to local memory  209 . I/O bus bridge  210  is connected to system bus  206  and provides an interface to I/O bus  212 . Memory controller/cache  208  and I/O bus bridge  210  may be integrated as depicted.  
         [0037]    Peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus bridge  214  connected to I/O bus  212  provides an interface to PCI local bus  216 . A number of modems  218 - 220  may be connected to PCI bus  216 . Typical PCI bus implementations will support four PCI expansion slots or add-in connectors. Communications links to network computers  108 - 112  in FIG. 1 may be provided through modem  218  and network adapter  220  connected to PCI local bus  216  through add-in boards.  
         [0038]    Additional PCI bus bridges  222  and  224  provide interfaces for additional PCI buses  226  and  228 , from which additional modems or network adapters may be supported. In this manner, server  200  allows connections to multiple network computers. A memory mapped graphics adapter  230  and hard disk  232  may also be connected to I/O bus  212  as depicted, either directly or indirectly.  
         [0039]    Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the hardware depicted in FIG. 2 may vary. For example, other peripheral devices, such as optical disk drives and the like, also may be used in addition to or in place of the hardware depicted. The depicted example is not meant to imply architectural limitations with respect to the present invention.  
         [0040]    The data processing system depicted in FIG. 2 may be, for example, an IBM RISC/System 6000, a product of International Business Machines Corporation in Armonk, N.Y., running the Advanced Interactive Executive (AIX) operating system.  
         [0041]    With reference now to FIG. 3, a block diagram of a data processing system in which the present invention may be implemented is illustrated. Data processing system  300  is an example of a client computer. Data processing system  300  employs a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) local bus architecture. Although the depicted example employs a PCI bus, other bus architectures, such as Micro Channel and ISA, may be used. Processor  302  and main memory  304  are connected to PCI local bus  306  through PCI bridge  308 . PCI bridge  308  may also include an integrated memory controller and cache memory for processor  302 . Additional connections to PCI local bus  306  may be made through direct component interconnection or through add-in boards. In the depicted example, local area network (LAN) adapter  310 , SCSI host bus adapter  312 , and expansion bus interface  314  are connected to PCI local bus  306  by direct component connection. In contrast, audio adapter  316 , graphics adapter  318 , and audio/video adapter (A/V)  319  are connected to PCI local bus  306  by add-in boards inserted into expansion slots. Expansion bus interface  314  provides a connection for a keyboard and mouse adapter  320 , modem  322 , and additional memory  324 . In the depicted example, SCSI host bus adapter  312  provides a connection for hard disk drive  326 , tape drive  328 , CD-ROM drive  330 , and digital video disc read only memory drive (DVD-ROM)  332 . Typical PCI local bus implementations will support three or four PCI expansion slots or add-in connectors.  
         [0042]    An operating system runs on processor  302  and is used to coordinate and provide control of various components within data processing system  300  in FIG. 3. The operating system may be a commercially available operating system, such as OS/2, which is available from International Business Machines Corporation. “OS/2” is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation.  
         [0043]    Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the hardware in FIG. 3 may vary depending on the implementation. For example, other peripheral devices, such as optical disk drives and the like, may be used in addition to or in place of the hardware depicted in FIG. 3. The depicted example is not meant to imply architectural limitations with respect to the present invention. For example, the processes of the present invention may be applied to multiprocessor data processing systems. CORBA is a machine independent distributed software system that resides on a client-server network as depicted in FIGS.  1 - 3 .  
         [0044]    With reference now to FIG. 4 through FIG. 8, a sequence of screen images illustrate the manipulation of objects with CORBA type ANY in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. This display of functionality will help in understanding the underlying software implementation. Care has been taken to create a user-friendly display of the underlying data types. IDL primitive types (e.g., numeric types) are displayed in a text field that can be edited. Only valid entry is allowed, such as characters 0-9 for numeric data. If a numeric type is changed to “string”, then entry of all alphanumeric characters, punctuation, etc., would be allowed. Enumeration types are displayed as drop down list boxes of all possible values with the current value being checked. A boolean is a single check box where unchecked represents false and checked represents true. Arrays or sequences are displayed in “tree” form with nodes and leaves displayed in a manner similar to the format found in Windows Explorer present in Windows 95/98/NT, a product of Microsoft Corporation.  
         [0045]    With reference now to FIG. 4, a screen image illustrates available options for an object of type ANY. A click of the right mouse button on “anAny” will display three options: Copy, Paste, and Type. Copy will transfer the contents of the data representation within the ANY component into the system clipboard. Paste will take an object that is currently contained in the system clipboard and change the current data representation to the data contained in the clipboard. The visual display will be updated accordingly. Type will modify both the visual display and the data representation to the type selected. The available types are: null, string, long, ulong (unsigned long), short, ushort (unsigned short), float, double, boolean, char, octet. No conversion takes place when the type is modified. The contents of the display are cleared when the new type is created. Data entry validation of numeric values is performed when the type is a numeric type. The validation includes range testing and acceptable character input. The screen image shows the submenu under the Type option.  
         [0046]    With reference now to FIG. 5, a screen image shows the change of Type to boolean. Note that a boolean type is displayed as a checkbox and the value true is indicated by the checkmark in the checkbox.  
         [0047]    In FIG. 4 the drop down list of Type options did not include the enum option since the values of an enumeration type are user-defined. For this case, the copy and paste operations need to be used. In this example, which encompass screen images in FIG. 6 through FIG. 8, the object is called agentRating with the enumeration values of Good, Bad, and NeedsImprovement. FIG. 6 shows the selection of the Copy option that transfers the object to the system clipboard.  
         [0048]    With reference now to FIG. 7, a paste operation to an object with type ANY in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. A click of the right mouse button on “anAny” produces the three options noted before: Copy, Paste, and Type. In this case, Paste is selected and a submenu with four choices appears: Primitive, Boolean, Enumeration and Object. In this particular case, the option enumeration is selected. Each of these options is explained in detail in the paragraphs below.  
         [0049]    A primitive CORBA type is null, string, long, ulong (unsigned long), short, ushort (unsigned short), float, double, char, octet. Each of these components will display as text entry fields with editing capabilities appropriate for the datatype. Also, the contents of the Copy component are preserved during the Paste. For example, if the “name” attribute component contained the value “Hello World” and that component is copied to the system clipboard and subsequently pasted into the ANY component, not only would the ANY component now support character string input but it would be initialized with the value “Hello World”.  
         [0050]    Pasting a boolean component results with the ANY component display of a checkbox with the state initialized to the current state the Copy component, either true (checked) or false (unchecked).  
         [0051]    Pasting an enumeration component results in the display becoming a drop down list box with the initially selected item being that item which was selected in the originating Copy component. The list box will contain the possible items that are applicable for this user defined data type.  
         [0052]    Pasting a Corba object results in the display depicting that CORBA object with the name of that CORBA object. The CORBA object may be any complex object such as an array, sequence, structure, etc.  
         [0053]    [0053]FIG. 8 is a screen image showing the result of the paste operation on the original enumeration type agentRating. The “anAny” object has three possible values, Good, Bad, and NeedsImprovement, with the current value get to “Good”, the value at the time of the copy of agentRating. Of course, the value of the anAny object can be changed to any of the other allowed values.  
         [0054]    Although the snapshots in FIG. 4 through FIG. 8 are based on a Java implementation in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this invention could be implemented in a variety of programming environments where objects are able to describe themselves, called reflection in Java.  
         [0055]    The ANY component implementation is part of the QuickTest system implemented in Java. There are three major components of this system. QTAnyField is responsible for the visual presentation and extracting/inserting the data values from/to the CORBA ANY object. QTAnyEditor is responsible for the popup menu processing and invoking the appropriate methods within the QTAnyField for data type conversion. QTAnyTableCellEditor is responsible for the presentation of the QTAnyField when the component is contained within a Table or Spreadsheet type object.  
         [0056]    In the preferred embodiment of the invention, QTAnyField is a subclass of the Java Swing component named JPanel. This is a container for components based on the content of the ANY type. Various visual components will be added/removed to change the screen presentation seen by the user. By inspecting the typecode and contents of the CORBA ANY object, the components are added to the QTAnyField object and the display values are initialized. Once the new visual component is instantiated, it is added to the JPanel container and renders itself. The first step of this process is the extracting of data from the CORBA ANY object.  
         [0057]    Referring now to FIG. 9, a flowchart of the process of extracting data from an ANY type is depicted in accordance with the present invention. Any existing components are removed (step  900 ). The kind of object is determined based on the CORBA typecode (step  902 ). Each of the possible types, ranging from primitive types to complex types, is checked sequentially and when a match is found, the corresponding component is built. FIG. 9 illustrates two primitive types (null, long) and one complex type (alias). If the object kind equals null (step  904 ) then a new component is instantiated (step  906 ), the name for the popup menu is set to “string” (step  908 ), and this component is added to the JPanel container (step  910 ). If the object kind was not null, then next check is for object kind of long (step  912 ). If the object is of kind long, then a new component is instantiated (step  914 ), the text display of the component value is set to the value of the long integer (step  916 ), the name for the popup menu is set to “long” (step  918 ), and this component is added to the JPanel container (step  920 ). Checking for other kinds and creating corresponding components for the JPanel proceeds in a similar manner. One of the more complex object kinds is alias, which is detected at step  922 . A separate routine (step  924 ) extracts the parts from the alias. This routine is explained in detail in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 below. The menu choice for “object” is added to the display (step  926 ) and the component is added to the JPanel container (step  928 ). Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that other simple and complex types are handled in a manner similar to that described for null, long, and alias.  
         [0058]    The Java code taken from a preferred embodiment of the present invention is given in FIG. 10. Its logical structure follows the flowchart described above in FIG. 9. The parameter inAny is of type org.omg.CORBA.Any. The methods inAny.type().kind() extracts the kind for the CORBA object inAny. The constructor QTTextField creates the new component. The operation “set” on qtAnyEditor adds the name of the object to the menu. The operation “add” places a component in a container.  
         [0059]    Referring to FIG. 11, a flowchart of the process of extracting data from an ANY type and building a CopyPaste object is depicted in accordance with the present invention. Each user-defined object in CORBA has a Helper class to support the insertion/extraction of ANY. This class is dynamically created and invoked to assist in obtaining the contents from the ANY. The CopyPaste object, in this instance will contain the actual data and the user is presented an object that supports the CopyPaste behavior. Initially the variables used in the extract process are declared and set to null (step  1102 ). Since this process is dependent on extracting the Helper classes from the CORBA object and this process may fail, an exception block and handler (called “try” blocks with “catch” alternatives in both Java and C++) is needed (step  1104 ). In case of an exception, a failure to extract the alias object is reported (step  1106 ).  
         [0060]    The helper class name is a string that needs to be constructed in a uniform manner (step  1108 ). The helper class is then created (step  1110 ) and all methods associated with the class obtained (step  1112 ). The method with the name “extract” needs to be found, if present. This is accomplished by sequentially searching the list of methods one-by-one. As long as there are more methods to be searched (step  1114 ) in the array of methods, the current method is checked to see if the name is “extract” (step  1116 ). If so, the parameters are obtained for the method (step  1118 ) and the search process is stopped. If the current method is not named extract, the search advances to the next method (step  1120 ) and control returns to decision  1114 . If there are no more methods to check (in other words, the search has failed), control is transferred to step  1122 .  
         [0061]    In step  1122  the extract method is retrieved if it is present (if not, the result of retrieval is null). The ANY parameter passed into the extract procedure is put into an array of arguments (step  1124 ). If the extract method does not exist (step  1126 ), then the remainder of the TRY block is skipped. Assuming the extract method does exist, it is invoked (step  1128 ) to obtain the actual data from the CORBA object. A new CopyPaste object is created in the qtAnyEditor routine (step  1130 ). The extracted CORBA object is added to the CopyPaste component (step  1132 ). The extract process completes by returning the CopyPaste object (step  1134 ).  
         [0062]    The Java code taken from a preferred embodiment of the present invention is given in FIG. 12. Its logical structure follows the flowchart described above in FIG. 11. The helper class needs a unique name that is formed in the following manner: the first four characters of the class name are removed, the last four characters of the class name are removed, then the string “Helper” is appended on the end of the resulting string. Additionally, any ‘/’ characters are replaced with ‘.’ characters. For example, consider the name “IDL:SeqStruct/SeqOfAttempts:1.0”; this name conforms to the IDL naming convention. The first step removes the “IDL:” prefix. The next step removes the “:1.0” suffix. The ‘/’ after SeqStruct is changed to ‘.’ and the suffix Helper is added to produce “SeqStruct.SeqOfAttemptsHelper”. The Java method “forName” returns the class object associated with the specified string name.  
         [0063]    The Java method “getDeclaredMethods” returns an array of all methods associated with a class. This list is searched until a method named “extract” is found. The Java method “getDeclaredMethod” retrieves the extract method itself. The Class Method named “invoke” actually calls the specified method (in this case, the extract method). Once the information is extracted from the CORBA object it is added to the CopyPaste object so that it will exhibit the desired copy and paste behavior shown in FIGS.  6 - 8 .  
         [0064]    Referring to FIG. 13, a flowchart of the process of inserting data into an ANY type is depicted in accordance with the present invention. An empty ANY object is created (step  1300 ). Next, the currently displayed visual component is found (step  1302 ). The type of the displayed component is then determined (step  1304 ). Each of the possible types, ranging from primitive types to complex types, is checked sequentially and when a match is found, the corresponding component is inserted into the ANY object. FIG. 13 illustrates two primitive types: string and long. If the object type equals string (step  1306 ) then the value of the string is retrieved (step  1308 ), and the string is inserted into the ANY type (step  1310 ). If the object type was not string, then next check is for object type of long (step  1312 ). If the object is of type long, then the integer value is retrieved (step  1314 ), and this long integer is inserted into the ANY type (step  1316 ). Checking for other types and inserting corresponding components into the ANY type proceeds in a similar manner.  
         [0065]    The Java code taken from a preferred embodiment of the present invention is given in FIG. 14. Its logical structure follows the flowchart described above in FIG. 13. An empty object of type ANY is created first. The goal is to convert the textfield the user has selected into an ANY type CORBA object. After verifying the currently selected component is an instance of a QTTextField, the component is type cast to a local variable of the QTTestField. The type of the component is retrieved. A sequence of tests in a nested if command checks for type string, long, etc. The ANY object has corresponding methods to insert 13 string, insert 13 long, etc. Standard Java procedures for getText, getinteger, etc. retrieve the values to be inserted. Handling of primitive types such as these is very straightforward. The handling of complex types requires substantially more work.  
         [0066]    Referring to FIG. 15, a flowchart of the process of inserting data from a complex CopyPaste object to a CORBA ANY type is depicted in accordance with the present invention. Each user-defined object in CORBA has a helper class generated to support the insertion/extraction of ANY. This class is dynamically created and invoked to assist in building the ANY object. The CopyPaste object contains the actual data and this must be inserted into the ANY object. Initially the variables used in the insert process are declared and initialized (step  1502 ). Since this process is dependent on inserting the helper classes from the CORBA object and this process may fail, an exception block and handler is needed (step  1504 ). In case of an exception, a failure to insert the complex object is reported (step  1506 ).  
         [0067]    The helper class is created (step  1508 ) and all methods associated with the class obtained (step  1510 ). The method with the name “insert” needs to be found, if present. This is accomplished by sequentially searching the list of methods one-by-one. As long as there are more methods to be searched (step  1512 ) in the array of methods, the current method is checked to see if the name is “insert” (step  1514 ). If so, the parameters are obtained for the method (step  1516 ) and the search process is stopped. If the current method is not named insert, the search advances to the next method (step  1518 ) and control returns to decision  1512 . If there are no more methods to check (in other words, the search has failed), control is transferred to step  1520 .  
         [0068]    In step  1520  the insert method is retrieved if it is present (if not, the result will be null). The types in the parameter list are narrowed as necessary (step  1522 ). This is a complex step that is further refined in FIG. 16 below. If the insert method does not exist (step  1524 ), then the remainder of the TRY block is skipped. Assuming the insert method does exist, it is invoked (step  1526 ). The first argument value is assigned to the ANY object (step  1528 ) which is then returned (step  1530 ).  
         [0069]    Referring to FIG. 16, a flowchart of the process of narrowing the parameter types is depicted in accordance with the present invention. Initially two arguments are assigned: the ANY object (step  1602 ) and the CopyPaste object (step  1604 ). The latter parameters may be changed if they need to be narrowed, as described next. First, it is determined if the class name of the CopyPaste object is the same as the first parameter type in the list of parameters (step  1606 ). If they are equal, then no type narrowing is needed. If they are not equal, then the list of methods associated with the helper class needs to be searched to find a “narrow” method. First, the list of all methods is retrieved (step  1608 ). A Boolean flag indicated the “narrow” method has been found is set to false (step  1610 ). As long as there are more methods to be searched (step  1612 ) in the array of methods, the current method is checked to see if the name is “narrow” (step  1614 ). If so, the Boolean flag is set to true and exiting the loop prematurely saves the index where the narrow method was found (step  1616 ). If the current method is not named narrow, the search advances to the next method (step  1618 ) and control returns to decision  1612 . If there are no more methods to check (in other words, the search has failed), control is transferred to step  1620 .  
         [0070]    If a narrowing method was not found (step  1620 ) this portion of the algorithm is finished. However, if a narrowing method is found, it is applied to the old parameter (step  1622 ). The result is then used to overwrite the old value (step  1624 ).  
         [0071]    The Java code taken from a preferred embodiment of the present invention is given in FIG. 17. Its logical structure follows the flowcharts described above in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16. The helper class needs a unique name that is formed by appending the word “Helper” onto the CopyPaste name.  
         [0072]    The Java method “getDeclaredMethods” returns an array of all methods associated with a class. This list is searched until a method named “insert” is found. The Java method “getDeclaredMethod” retrieves the insert method itself. It may be necessary to narrow the type in which case the methods are searched for a method named “narrow”. If such a method is found, it is invoked to create a new object that overwrites the old type. The insert method that was found earlier is now used to put the data into a CORBA object of type ANY. Now the system has full copy and paste capability as previously described in FIGS.  6 - 8 .  
         [0073]    It is important to note that, while the present invention has been described in the context of a fully functioning data processing system, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the processes of the present invention are capable of being distributed in the form of a computer readable medium of instructions and a variety of forms, and that the present invention applies equally regardless of the particular type of signal bearing media actually used to carry out the distribution. Examples of computer readable media include recordable-type media such a floppy disc, a hard disk drive, a RAM, and CD-ROMs and transmission-type media such as digital and analog communications links.  
         [0074]    The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. For instance, the depiction of a multi-dimensional array could be represented using a tree component with each node of the tree containing some elementary or primitive data type. This entire visual component and associated data type, that is, array or sequence, could also be depicted in this embodiment. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.