Abstract:
The present invention provides genetic sequences encoding polyphenol oxidase enzymes of lettuce, banana, tobacco and pineapple plants, and recombinant vectors comprising same, and methods of identifying related sequences using said nucleic acid molecules. The invention further provides methods of modifying PPO expression in plants using the inventive nucleic acid molecules.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. Ser. No. 08/976,222, filed Nov. 21, 1997, and International Application No. PCT/AU98/00362 filed May 19, 1998. U.S. Ser. No. 08/976,222 claims Paris Convention priority from Australian Patent Application No. PO 6849 filed on May 19, 1997, and is a U.S. continuation-in-part application of International application No. PCT/AU96/00310 filed on May 22, 1996, which claims Paris Convention priority from Australian Patent Application No. PN 3098, filed May 23, 1995 and Australian Patent Application No. PN 5600, filed Sep. 26, 1995. International Application No. PCT/AU98/00362 claims Paris Convention priority from Australian Patent Application No. PO 6849 filed on May 19, 1997. 
    
    
     STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
     Not Applicable 
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates generally to genetic sequence of plants that encode polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes and functional fragments and parts thereof. More particularly, the present invention provides nucleic acid molecules encoding polyphenol oxidase enzymes of lettuce, banana, tobacco and pineapple plants. The invention further provides methods of isolating said nucleic acid molecules. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Browning of plant tissues often occurs following injury or damage and this generally results in spoilage of fruit and vegetables. Undesirable browning also occurs during processing of plant materials to produce food or other products. Steps are taken during transport, storage, and processing to prevent these browning reactions. Often this involves the use of chemicals such as sulphur dioxide but the use of these substances is likely to be restricted in the future due to concerns about their safety and consumer acceptance. For example, the US Food and Drug Administration banned the use of sulphite for most fresh fruit and vegetables in 1986. The production of fruit and vegetable varieties with an inherently low susceptibility to brown would remove the need for these chemical treatments. 
     It will be understood that browning in plants is predominantly catalysed by the enzyme PPO. PPO is localised in the plastids of plant cells whereas the phenolic substrates of the enzyme are store in the plant cell vacuole. This compartmentation prevents the browning reaction from occurring unless the plant cells are damaged and the enzyme and its substrates are mixed. 
     DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART 
     The prior art includes International Application PCT/AU92/00356 to the present applicant which describes the cloning of PPO genes from grapevine, broad bean leaf, apple fruit and potato tuber. This application recognises that PPO levels in plants may be manipulated by increasing or decreasing expression of PPO gene. The application also identifies two conserved copper binding sites in PPO genes, designated CuA and CuB. However, the method described in PCT/AU92/00356 which was used to clone the PPO genes from apple and potato involved the use of an oligo dT reverse primer for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Whilst the method is acceptable, in some tissues, it does not give rise to a strong band of the predicted size or else it gives rise to many additional products making it difficult to resolve the PPO fragment. 
     Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to overcome or at least alleviate one or more of the difficulties related to the prior art. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     This application is a continuation-in-part application of continuation-in-part application of U.S. Ser. No. 08/976,222, filed Nov. 21, 1997, and International Application No. PCT/AU98/00362 filed May 19, 1998, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by way of reference. 
     Bibliographic details of the publications referred to in this specification by author are collected at the end of the description. 
     Sequence Identity Numbers (SEQ ID NOs.) for the nucleotide and amino acid sequences referred to in the specification appear after the claims. 
     Throughout this specification and the claims that follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word “comprise”, or variations such as “comprises” or “comprising” will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or integer or group of elements or integers, but not the exclusion of any other element or integer or group of elements or integers. 
     Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention described herein is susceptible to variations and modifications other than those specifically described. It is to be understood that the invention includes all such variations and modifications. The invention also includes all of the steps, features, compositions and compounds referred to or indicated in this specification, individually or collectively, and any and all combinations or any two or more of said steps or features. 
     In work leading up to the present invention, the inventors sought to produce improved methods for isolating PPO-encoding nucleic acid molecules which are susceptible for use in modifying the expression of endogenous PPO genes in plants, to reduce browning and modify ripening and storage characteristics of plant tissues and organs. 
     Accordingly, the inventors have cloned several PPO-encoding genes from lettuce, tobacco, banana and pineapple and produced recombinant gene constructs comprising same for the expression of recombinant PPO polypeptides and nucleic acids capable of modifying the PPO content of plant tissues and cells when expressed therein. 
     One aspect of the present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule that comprises a nucleotide sequence which encodes or is complementary to a nucleotide sequence which encodes a PPO polypeptide of lettuce, banana, tobacco or pineapple having an amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 or 30, or comprising the copper-binding site of any one of said amino acid sequences. 
     In an alternative embodiment, the present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule that encodes a PPO polypeptide of lettuce, banana, tobacco or pineapple wherein said nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of: 
     (i) a nucleotide sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOS: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, or 29; 
     (ii) a fragment of (i) comprising a nucleotide sequence that encodes the copper-binding site of a PPO polypeptide; 
     (iii) a degenerate nucleotide sequence of (i) or (ii); and 
     (iv) a nucleotide sequence that is complementary to (i) or (ii) or (iii). 
     A second aspect of the invention provides gene constructs comprising the isolated nucleic acid molecules of the invention, preferably in a format suitable for expression in plants, particularly in banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapples. 
     A third aspect of the invention provides a method of modifying the endogenous PPO activity of plant cells, tissue, or organs, particularly those cells, tissues, and organs of lettuce, banana, tobacco and pineapples, by expressing the isolated PPO-encoding nucleic acid molecules, or a fragment or analogue or homologous thereof, in the sense or antisense orientation therein for a time and under conditions sufficient to modify transcription or translation of the endogenous mRNA encoding PPO and/or to produce a functional PPO enzyme. As used herein, the word “modify” clearly encompasses any alteration to a stated integer, including both a reduction and an increase thereof. 
     Accordingly, in one embodiment, this aspect of the invention provides a method of increasing the level of lettuce, banana, pineapple or tobacco PPO activity in a plant or a cell, tissue or organ thereof, said method comprising: 
     (i) introducing a nucleotide sequence to said plant or a cell, tissue or organ thereof which sequence encodes a PPO polypeptide of lettuce, banana, tobacco or pineapple having an amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, or 30, or an enzymatically-active PPO polypeptide comprising the copper-binding site of any one of said amino acid sequences; and 
     (ii) expressing said nucleotide sequence to produce an enzymatically-active PPO polypeptide. 
     In an alternative embodiment, this aspect of the invention provides a method of increasing the level of lettuce, banana, pineapple or tobacco PPO activity in a plant or a cell, tissue or organ thereof, said method comprising: 
     (i) introducing a nucleic acid molecule to said plant or a cell, tissue or organ thereof which nucleic acid molecule comprises the nucleotide sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOS: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, or 29, or a degenerate nucleotide sequence thereof; and 
     (ii) expressing said nucleic acid molecule to produce an enzymatically-active PPO polypeptide. 
     In an alternative embodiment, this aspect of the invention provides a method of decreasing the level of PPO activity in a plant or a cell, tissue or organ thereof, said method comprising introducing a nucleic acid molecule to said plant or a cell, tissue or organ thereof which comprises a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of: 
     (i) a nucleotide sequence which encodes a PPO polypeptide of lettuce, banana, tobacco or pineapple having an amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOS: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, or 30, or the copper-binding site of any one of said amino acid sequences; 
     (ii) a nucleotide sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOS: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, or 29; 
     (iii) a fragment of (ii) comprising a nucleotide sequence that encodes the copper-binding site of a PPO polypeptide; and 
     (iv) a nucleotide sequence that is complementary to (i) or (ii) or (iii). 
     A fourth aspect of the present invention clearly extends to transfected and transformed cells, tissues, organs and whole organisms that have the subject nucleic acid molecules of the invention introduced thereto. The introduced nucleic acid molecules may exist as extra chromosomal genetic material, or alternatively or in addition, in a form that has been integrated into the cellular genome. This aspect of the invention clearly encompasses transformed plants and plant parts and propagules comprising the subject nucleic acid molecules as an addition to their normal genome composition. 
     A further aspect of the invention relates to methods of isolating homologous of the nucleic acid molecules exemplified herein, in particular methods relying upon nucleic acid hybridization between highly-conserved regions of the exemplified sequences and nucleotide sequences of homologous PPO-encoding sequences. Such methods include standard nucleic acid hybridizations (i.e. RNA: DNA and RNA: RNA and DNA: DNA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based and isothermal amplification methods. 
     According to this aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for preparing nucleic acid encoding an internal fragment of a PPO polypeptide of banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple comprising at least a portion of a copper-binding site of said polypeptide or a hybridizable fragment of said nucleic acid, said method including: 
     (i) providing: 
     (a) banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple PPO cells, tissue or organs having PPO activity; 
     (b) a first primer having a nucleotide sequence capable of hybridizing to a copper (Cu) binding site-encoding region of a PPO gene or upstream thereof; 
     (c) a second primer having a nucleotide sequence capable of hybridizing to the complement of a copper (Cu) binding site-encoding region of a PPO gene or downstream thereof; and 
     (d) an adaptor primer; 
     (ii) isolating RNA from said cells, tissues or organs; 
     (iii) treating the RNA to construct copy DNA (cDNA) therefrom; and 
     (iv) amplifying the cDNA so formed using the first and second primers. 
     Preferably, the first primer comprises a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of: 
     (i) 5′-GCGAATTCTT[TC][TC]TICCITT[TC][CA][TC][AC]G-3′(SEQ ID NO: 31); 
     (ii) 5′-GCGAATTCGATCCIACITT[TC]GC[GT]TTICC-3′(SEQ ID NO: 32); 
     (iii) 5′-GCGAATTCAA[TC]GTIGA[TC][AC]GIATGTGG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 33); 
     (iv) 5′-GCGAATTCTICA[TC]TG[TC]GCITA[TC]TG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 34); 
     (v) 5′-GCGAATTCTTICCIT[TA][TC]TGGAA[TC]TGGG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 35); and 
     (vi) a hybridizable fragment of any one of (i) to (v). 
     Preferably, the second primer comprises a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of: 
     (i) 5′-GCCTGCAGCCACATIC[TG][AG]TCIAC[AG]TT-3+(SEQ ID NO: 36); 
     (ii) 5′-GCCTGCAGTT[TC]TC[AG]TC[AG]TAGAA-3′-(SEQ ID NO: 37); and 
     (iii) a hybridizable fragment of (i) or (ii). 
     Preferably, the treatment of RNA to construct cDNA is performed by treating the RNA with reverse transcriptase and an adaptor primer that comprises the nucleotide sequence: 
     5′-GACTCGAGTCGACATCGATTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT-3′(SEQ ID NO: 38) or a hybridizable fragment thereof to form cDNA. 
     Nucleic acid encoding the N-terminal fragment of the PPO polypeptide of banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple can be obtained by attaching an anchor to the 5′-end of the cDNA formed and amplifying said cDNA using a first primer that binds to said anchor and a second primer in the antisense orientation, wherein the nucleotide sequence of said second primer is derived from the sequence of the internal PPO fragment. In this embodiment, the primer in the sense orientation may comprise a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of: 
     (i) 5′-ATATCACCTGTCGGTACATGACGGC-3′(SEQ ID NO: 39); 
     (ii) 5′-GTGCCATTGTAGTCGAGGTCAATCA-3′(SEQ ID NO: 40); 
     (iii) 5′-CCAGTGCCTGGTTTAGGTGTATTCAC-3′(SEQ ID NO: 41); and 
     (iii) a hybridizable fragment of (i) or (ii) or (iii). 
     Additionally, in a preferred embodiment, the primer in the antisense orientation may comprise a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of: 
     (i) 5′TGCTGTTCTGTTCGAACATGGCAG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 42); 
     (ii) 5′-TATACAAGTGGCACCAGTGTCTGC-3′(SEQ ID NO: 43); 
     (iii) 5′-CCGCATTGTGGATGACTTCCATCTG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 44); 
     (iv) 5′-CCAGAATGGGATGGTGAAGGTGTCG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 45); and 
     (v) a hybridizable fragment of any one of (i) to (iv). 
     Nucleic acid encoding the C-terminal fragment of the PPO polypeptide of banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple can also be obtained by amplifying said cDNA using an adaptor primer and a primer in the sense orientation, wherein the nucleotide sequence of said second primer is derived from the sequence of the internal PPO fragment. In this embodiment, the primer in the sense orientation may comprise a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of: 
     (i) 5′CGCTGGGTGGGTAATTCTAGGATG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 46); 
     (ii) 5′-AGTCATCCACAATGCGGCGCACATG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 47); and 
     (iii) 5′-GTTGCTCTTCTTAGGCTCGGCTTAC-3+(SEQ ID NO: 48) 
     (iv) a hybridizable fragment thereof. 
     The adaptor primer may include the following sequence or a hybridizable fragment thereof: 5′-GACTCGAGTCGACATCG-3+(SEQ ID NO: 49). 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIGS. 1A-B is a representation showing the BPPO2 cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1) encoding part of a banana PPO protein, and derived protein sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO: 2). 
     FIGS. 2A-B is a representation showing the BPPO8 cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 3) encoding part of a banana PPO protein, and derived protein sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO: 4). 
     FIGS. 3A-C is a representation showing the BANPPO34 cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5) encoding part of a banana PPO protein, and derived protein sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO: 6). 
     FIGS. 4A-C is a representation showing the BANPPO35 cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 7) encoding part of a banana PPO protein, and derived protein sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO: 8). 
     FIGS. 5A-B is a representation showing the TOBPPO6 cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 9) encoding part of a tobacco PPO protein, and derived protein sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO: 10). 
     FIGS. 6A-C is a representation showing the TOBPPO25 cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 11) encoding part of a tobacco PPO protein, and derived protein sequence therefore (SEQ ID NO: 12). 
     FIGS. 7A-C is a representation showing the TOBPPO26 cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 13) encoding part of a tobacco PPO protein, and derived protein sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO: 14). 
     FIGS. 8A-C is a representation showing the PINPPO20 cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 15) encoding part of a pineapple PPO protein, and derived protein sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO: 16). 
     FIGS. 9A-E is a representation showing the PINPPO2 cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 17) encoding part of a pineapple PPO protein, and derived protein sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO: 18). 
     FIGS. 10A-H is a representation showing the PINPPOFL cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 19) encoding a pineapple PPO protein, and derived protein sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO: 20). 
     FIGS. 11A-G is a representation showing the BANPPO1 cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 21), and derived protein sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO: 22), including both the putative chloroplast transit sequence and the mature banana PPO protein. 
     FIGS. 12A-C is a representation showing the BANPPO11 cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) encoding part of a banana PPO protein, and derived protein sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO: 24). 
     FIGS. 13A-E is a representation showing the PINPPO1 cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 25) encoding part of a pineapple PPO protein, and derived protein sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO: 26). 
     FIGS. 14A-C is a representation showing the 5PINA cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 27) encoding part of a pineapple PPO protein, and derived protein sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO: 28). 
     FIGS. 15A-G is a representation showing the composite LOP1 cDNA nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 29) encoding a lettuce PPO protein, and derived protein sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO: 30), including both the putative chloroplast transit sequence and the mature banana PPO protein. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     In a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for preparing nucleic acid encoding PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof, which method includes 
     providing 
     a source of a polypeptide having PPO activity, a first primer having a sequence corresponding to a first conserved 
     region of PPO in sense orientation, and 
     a second primer having a sequence corresponding to a second conserved region of PPO in antisense orientation; 
     isolating RNA from the source of polypeptide having PPO activity; 
     treating the RNA to construct copy DNA (cDNA) therefrom; and 
     amplifying the cDNA so formed using the first and second primers. 
     Applicant has found that the method of the present invention, which involves the use of a second primer based on PPO, means that there is less likelihood that other (non-PPO) genes are amplified. Furthermore, the method of the present invention dramatically increases the amount of genuine product formed in most cases. Moreover, the added specificity provided by the second PPO-based primer makes it possible to clone PPO more readily from certain plants in which it was difficult to obtain a clone using one primer and oligo-dT. For example, with lettuce cDNA the applicant saw only a faint smear of a range of products with GEN3/GEN8 and oligo-dT but strong bands of the predicted size with GEN3/GEN8 and REV1. 
     In a preferred aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for preparing nucleic acid encoding banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof, which method includes 
     providing 
     a source of a polypeptide having banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple PPO activity, 
     a first primer having a sequence corresponding to a first conserved region of banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple PPO in sense orientation, and 
     a second primer having a sequence corresponding to a second conserved region of banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple PPO in antisense orientation; 
     isolating RNA from the source of polypeptide having banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple PPO activity; 
     treating the RNA to construct copy DNA (cDNA) therefrom; and 
     amplifying the cDNA so formed using the first and second primers. 
     The terms “nucleic acid encoding banana/lettuce/tobacco/pineapple PPO” and “banana/lettuce/tobacco/pineapple PPO gene” as used herein should be understood to refer to a banana/lettuce/tobacco/pineapple PPO gene or a sequence substantially homologous therewith. For example, these terms include sequences which differ from the specific sequences given in the Examples hereto but which, because of the degeneracy of the genetic code, encode the same protein. Applicants have found that there are families of PPO genes in most plants. Thus, there are likely to be other PPO genes in lettuce, banana, tobacco and pineapple in addition to those which have been isolated. These could be clones using the methods of the present invention. Thus, the terms “nucleic acid encoding banana/lettuce/tobacco/pineapple PPO” and “banana/lettuce/tobacco/pineapple PPO gene” should be understood to include banana/lettuce/tobacco/pineapple PPO genes other than those specific genes that have been isolated. The terms may also include presequences such as chloroplast transit sequence as well as sequences encoding mature PPO protein. 
     The term “derivative” as used herein includes nucleic acids that have been chemically or otherwise modified, for example mutated, or labelled, or nucleic acids incorporating a catalytic cleavage site. 
     The term “fragment” includes functionally active fragments of a PPO gene which encode a polypeptide or peptide having PPO activity or are capable of altering expression of the PPO genes. Examples of alteration of the gene may include up-regulation or down-regulation of the gene, coding of the gene, transcription of the gene, binding of the gene or stability of the gene sequence. 
     The source of polypeptide having PPO activity is preferably a source of polypeptide having banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple PPO activity. The source of polypeptide having banana PPO activity may be banana fruit, preferably young banana fruit, more preferably the flesh of young banana fruit. The source of polypeptide having banana PPO activity may be banana peel, preferably young banana peel, more preferably the peel of young banana fruit. The source of polypeptide having lettuce PPO activity may be lettuce leaves, preferably young lettuce leaves. The source of polypeptide having tobacco PPO activity may be tobacco leaves, preferably young tobacco leaves. The source of polypeptide having pineapple PPO activity may be pineapple fruit, preferably the flesh of the pineapple fruit, more preferably the flesh of pineapple fruit exhibiting blackheart disorder. 
     The RNA may be isolated by any suitable method including extraction for example with a detergent such as CTAB, use of an oligo-dT spun column as described in PCT/AU92/00356 the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, or use of a commercially available kit such as the PolyATtract 1000 system from Promega Corporation. 
     The step of treating the RNA to construct cDNA according to this aspect of the present invention may include 
     treating the RNA with reverse transcriptase and an adapter primer to form cDNA. 
     The adapter primer may be an oligonucleotide adapter primer including the following sequence or part thereof: 
     5′-GACTCGAGTCGACATCGATTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT-3′(SEQ ID NO: 38) 
     The step of treating the RNA to construct cDNA according to this aspect of the present invention may include 
     treating the RNA with reverse transcriptase and reverse primer to form cDNA. 
     The adapter primer may be replaced with a reverse primer having a sequence corresponding to a conserved region of PPO genes including the following sequence of part thereof: 
     5′-GCCTGCAGTT[TC]TC[AG]TC[AG]TAGAA-3′(SEQ ID NO: 37) 
     The first primer has a sequence corresponding to a first conserved region of PPO. Preferably the first primer has a sequence corresponding to at least a portion of or in close proximity to a first copper binding site of PPO. The second primer has a sequence corresponding to a second conserved region of PPO. Preferably the second primer has a sequence corresponding to at least a portion of or in close proximity to a second copper binding site of PPO. More preferably the first primer has a sequence corresponding to at least a portion of or in close proximity to one of the CuA or CuB binding sites of PPO, and the second primer has a sequence corresponding to at least a portion of or in close proximity to the other of the CuA or CuB binding sites of PPO. 
     The first and second primers may be degenerate. The first primer may include one of the following sequences or part thereof: 
     (i) 5′-GCGAATTCTT[TC][TC]TICCITT[TC][CA][TC][AC]G-3′(SEQ ID NO: 31); 
     (ii) 5′-GCGAATTCGATCCIACITT[TC]GC[GT]TTICC-3′(SEQ ID NO: 32); 
     (iii) 5′-GCGAATTCAA[TC]GTIGA[TC][AC]GIATGTGG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 33); 
     (iv) 5′-GCGAATTCTICA[TC]TG[TC]GCITA[TC]TG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 34); 
     (v) 5′-CGCAATTCTTICCIT[TA][TC]TGGAA[TC]TGGG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 35); and 
     (vi) a hybridizable fragment of any one of (i) to (v). 
     Preferably, the second primer comprises a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of: 
     (i) 5′-GCCTGCAGCCACATIC[TG][AG]TCIAC[AG]TT-3′(SEQ ID NO: 36); 
     (ii) 5′-GCCTGCAGTT[TC]TC[AG]TC[AG]TAGAA-3′(SEQ ID NO: 37) The cDNA may be amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 
     Those skilled in the art will appreciate that if the Cu binding sites are internal, the nucleic acid isolated will be a fragment of the PPO gene lacking 3′ and 5′ termini. However, it is possible to determine the complete nucleic acid sequence of the PPO gene and to prepare or isolate nucleic acid encoding such PPO or antisense to such PPO. 
     Accordingly, in a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing nucleic acid encoding the C-terminus of PPO (i.e. comprising the 3′-end of the PPO gene), which method includes: 
     providing 
     a source of polypeptide having PPO activity 
     a primer in sense orientation; and 
     an adapter primer; 
     isolating RNA from the source of polypeptide having PPO activity; 
     treating the RNA to construct cDNA therefrom; and 
     amplifying the cDNA so formed using the primers. 
     There is also provided a method for preparing nucleic acid encoding the N-terminus of PPO (i.e. comprising the 5′-end of the PPO gene), including: 
     providing 
     a source of polypeptide having PPO activity, 
     an anchor, 
     primers in antisense orientation; and 
     an anchor primer; 
     isolating RNA from the source of polypeptide having PPO activity; 
     treating the RNA to construct cDNA therefrom; 
     attaching the anchor to the 5′ end of the cDNA so formed; and 
     amplifying the cDNA using the primers. 
     The source of polypeptide having PPO activity is preferably a source of polypeptide having banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple PPO activity. The source of polypeptide having banana PPO activity may be banana fruit, preferably young banana fruit, more preferably the flesh of young banana fruit. The source of polypeptide having banana PPO activity may be banana peel, preferably young banana peel, more preferably the peel of young banana fruit. The source of polypeptide having lettuce PPO activity may be lettuce leaves, preferably young lettuce leaves. The source of polypeptide having tobacco PPO activity may be tobacco leaves, preferably young tobacco leaves. The source of polypeptide having pineapple PPO activity may be pineapple fruit, preferably the flesh of the pineapple fruit, more preferably the flesh of pineapple fruit exhibiting blackheart disorder. 
     The RNA may be isolated by any suitable method including extraction for example with a detergent such as CTAB, use of an oligo-dT spun column as described in PCT/AU92/00356 the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, or use of a commercially available kit such as the PolyATtract 1000 system from Promega Corporation. 
     The step of treating the RNA to construct cDNA according to this aspect of the present invention may include 
     treating the RNA with reverse transcriptase and an adapter primer to form cDNA. 
     The adapter primer may be an oligonucleotide adapter primer including the following sequence or part thereof: 
     5′-GACTCGAGTCGACATCGATTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT-3′(SEQ ID NO: 38) 
     The adapter primer may be replaced with a reverse primer having a sequence corresponding to a conserved region of PPO genes including the following sequence of part thereof: 
     5′-GCCTGCAGTT[TC]TC[AG]TC[AG]TAGAA-3′(SEQ ID NO: 37) 
     The primer in sense orientation may be a lettuce PPO specific primer. The primer in sense orientation may include the following sequence or part thereof: 
     5′-CGCTGGGTGGGTAATTCTAGGATG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 46) 
     The primer in sense orientation may be a banana PPO specific primer. The primer in sense orientation may include the following sequence or part thereof: 
     5′-AGTCATCCACAATGCGGCGCACATG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 47) 
     The primer in sense orientation may be a tobacco or pineapple PPO specific primer. 
     The adapter primer may include the following sequence or part thereof: 
     5′-GACTCGAGTCGACATCG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 49). 
     The primers in antisense orientation may be lettuce PPO specific primers. The primers in antisense orientation may include the following sequences or part thereof: 
     (i) 5′TGCTGTTCTGTTCGAACATGGCAG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 42); 
     (ii) 5′-TATACAAGTGGCACCAGTGTCTGC-3′(SEQ ID NO: 43) 
     The primers in antisense orientation may be banana PPO specific primers. The primers in antisense orientation may include the following sequences or part thereof: 
     (i) 5′-CCGCATTGTGGATGACTTCCATCTG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 44); 
     (ii) 5′-CCAGAATGGGATGGTGAAGGTGTCG-3′(SEQ ID NO: 45) 
     The primers in antisense orientation may be tobacco PPO specific primers. 
     The primers in antisense orientation may be pineapple PPO specific primers. The primers in antisense orientation may include the following sequences or part thereof: 
     (i)5′ATATCACCTGTCGGTACATGACGGC-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 39); 
     (ii)5′-GTGCCATTGTAGTCGAGGTCAATCA-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 40) 
     The anchor may be of any suitable type. The anchor may be attached by ligation for example using T4 RNA ligase. The anchor primer should be capable of hybridizing with the anchor. 
     The cDNA may be amplified using PCR. 
     Those skilled in the art will appreciate that using the methods of the present invention it is possible to determine the complete nucleic acid sequence of the PPO gene of interest and to prepare or isolate nucleic acid encoding such PPO or antisense to such PPO. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a nucleic acid encoding banana PPO or antisense to banana PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof. Preferably the nucleic acid has the sequence shown in FIGS. 1A-4C,  11 A- 11 G or  12 A- 12 C fragments and derivatives thereof, and substantially homologous sequences. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided in nucleic acid encoding lettuce PPO or antisense to lettuce PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof. Preferably the nucleic acid has the sequence shown in FIGS. 15A-15G fragments and derivatives thereof, and substantially homologous sequences. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a nucleic acid encoding tobacco PPO or antisense to tobacco PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof. Preferably the nucleic acid has the sequence shown in FIGS. 5A-B,  6 A-C, and  7 A-C, fragments and derivatives thereof, and substantially homologous sequences. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a nucleic acid encoding pineapple PPO or antisense to pineapple PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof. Preferably the nucleic acid has the sequence shown in FIGS. 8A-10H,  13 A- 13 E and  14 A- 14 C and derivatives thereof, and substantially homologous sequence. 
     The nucleic acid may be prepared by a method as hereinbefore described. 
     The nucleic acid may be modified, for example by inclusion of a catalytic cleavage site. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for preparing a recombinant vector including a nucleic acid encoding banana PPO or antisense to banana PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof, which method includes 
     providing 
     nucleic acid encoding banana PPO or antisense to banana PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof; and 
     a vector; and 
     reacting the nucleic acid and the vector to deploy the nucleic acid within the vector. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for preparing a recombinant vector including a nucleic acid encoding lettuce PPO or antisense to lettuce PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof, which method includes 
     providing 
     nucleic acid encoding lettuce PPO or antisense to lettuce PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof; and 
     a vector; and 
     reacting the nucleic acid and the vector to deploy the nucleic acid within the vector. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided method for preparing a recombinant vector including a nucleic acid encoding tobacco PPO or antisense to tobacco PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof, which method includes 
     providing 
     nucleic acid encoding tobacco PPO or antisense to tobacco PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof; and 
     a vector; and 
     reacting the nucleic acid and the vector to deploy the nucleic acid within the vector. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for preparing a recombinant vector including a nucleic acid encoding pineapple PPO or antisense to pineapple PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof, which method includes 
     providing 
     nucleic acid encoding pineapple PPO or antisense to pineapple PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof; and 
     a vector; and 
     reacting the nucleic acid and the vector to deploy the nucleic acid within the vector. 
     The nucleic acid may be prepared by a method as hereinbefore described. 
     The nucleic acid may be modified, for example by inclusion of a catalytic cleavage site. 
     The vector may be plasmid expression vector. For example Bluescript SK +  has been found to be suitable. Alternatively, the vector may be a binary vector. The recombinant vector may contain a promoter, preferably a constitutive promoter upstream of the nucleic acid. 
     The cloning step may take any suitable form. A preferred form may include 
     fractionating the cDNA, for example on a column or a gel; 
     isolating a fragment of the expected size, for example from the column or gel; and 
     ligating said fragment into a suitable restriction enzyme site of the vector, for example the  Eco RV site of a Bluescript SK +  vector. 
     In order to test the clones so formed, a suitable microorganism may be transformed with the vector, the microorganism cultured and the polypeptide encoded therein expressed. The microorganism may be a strain of  Escherichia coli , for example  E. coli  DH5 has been found to be suitable. Alternatively, appropriate vectors may be used to transform plants. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a recombinant vector including a nucleic acid encoding banana PPO or antisense to banana PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof, which vector is capable of being replicated, transcribed and translated in a unicellular organism or alternatively in a plant. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a recombinant vector including a nucleic acid encoding lettuce PPO or antisense to lettuce PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof, which vector is capable of being replicated, transcribed and translated in a unicellular organism or alternatively in a plant. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a recombinant vector including a nucleic acid encoding tobacco PPO or antisense to tobacco PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof, which vector is capable of being replicated, transcribed and translated in a unicellular organism or alternatively in a plant. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a recombinant vector including a nucleic acid encoding pineapple PPO or antisense to pineapple PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof, which vector is capable of being replicated, transcribed and translated in a unicellular organism or alternatively in a plant. 
     The nucleic acid may be prepared by a method as hereinbefore described. 
     The nucleic acid may be modified, for example by inclusion of a catalytic cleavage site. 
     The vector may be a plasmid expression vector. For example Bluescript SK +  has been found to be suitable. Alternatively, the vector may be a binary vector. The recombinant vector may contain a promoter, preferably a constitutive promoter upstream of the nucleic acid encoding banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple PPO or antisense to banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof. 
     The microorganism may be a strain of  Escherichia coli , for example  E. coli  DH5 has been found to be suitable. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of decreasing the level of PPO activity in a plant tissue, which method includes 
     providing 
     a nucleic acid encoding banana PPO, a modified nucleic acid encoding banana PPO, or a nucleic acid antisense to banana PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof; and 
     a plant sample; and 
     introducing said nucleic acid into said plant sample to produce a transgenic plant. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of decreasing the level of PPO activity in a plant tissue, which method includes 
     providing 
     a nucleic acid encoding lettuce PPO, a modified nucleic acid encoding lettuce PPO, or a nucleic acid antisense to lettuce PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof; and 
     a plant sample; and 
     introducing said nucleic acid into said plant sample to produce a transgenic plant. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of decreasing the level of PPO activity in a plant tissue, which method includes 
     providing 
     a nucleic acid encoding tobacco PPO, a modified nucleic acid encoding tobacco PPO, or a nucleic acid antisense to tobacco PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof; an d 
     a plant sample; and 
     introducing said nucleic acid into said plant sample to produce a transgenic plant. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of decreasing the level of PPO activity in a plant tissue, which method includes 
     providing 
     a nucleic acid encoding pineapple PPO, a modified nucleic acid encoding pineapple PPO, or a nucleic acid antisense to pineapple PPO, fragments and derivatives thereof; and 
     a plant sample; and 
     introducing said nucleic acid into said plant sample to produce a transgenic plant. 
     PPO activity may be decreased by the use of sense constructs (cosuppression). Alternatively the nucleic acid may include a sequence encoding antisense mRNA to banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple PPO or a functionally active fragment thereof. Alternatively the nucleic acid may encode banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple PPO or a functionally active fragment thereof and incorporate a catalytic cleavage site (ribozyme). The nucleic acid may be included in a recombinant vector as hereinbefore described. In a preferred aspect, the nucleic acid may be included in a binary vector. In a further preferred aspect, the introduction of a binary vector into the plant may be by infection of the plant with an Agrobacterium containing the binary vector or by bombardment with nucleic acid coated microprojectiles. Methods for transforming banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple with Agrobacterium are known to those skilled in the art and are described in, for example, May et al., Bio/technology (1995) 13:486-492, Michelmore et al., Plant Cell Reports (1987) 6:439-442, and Curtis et al., Journal of Experimental Botany (1994) 45:1141-1149, the entire disclosure of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of increasing the level of PPO activity in a plant tissue, which method includes 
     providing 
     a nucleic acid encoding banana PPO or a fragment thereof; and 
     a plant sample; and 
     introducing said nucleic acid into said plant sample to produce a transgenic plant. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of increasing the level of PPO activity in a plant tissue, which method includes 
     providing 
     a nucleic acid encoding lettuce PPO or a fragment thereof; and 
     a plant sample; and 
     introducing said nucleic acid into said plant sample to produce a transgenic plant. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of increasing the level of PPO activity in a plant tissue, which method includes 
     providing 
     a nucleic acid encoding tobacco PPO or a fragment thereof; and 
     a plant sample; and 
     introducing said nucleic acid into said plant sample to produce a transgenic plant. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of increasing the level of PPO activity in a plant tissue, which method includes 
     providing 
     a nucleic acid encoding pineapple PPO or a fragment thereof; and 
     a plant sample; and 
     introducing said nucleic acid into said plant sample to produce a transgenic plant. 
     The nucleic acid may be included in a recombinant vector as hereinbefore described. In a preferred aspect, the nucleic acid may be included in a binary vector. In a further preferred aspect, the introduction of the binary vector into the plant may be by infection of the plant with an Agrobacterium containing the binary vector or by bombardment with nucleic acid coated microprojectiles. 
     The plant may be of any suitable type. However the method is particularly applicable to banana, lettuce, tobacco or pineapple. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a transgenic plant, which plant contains nucleic acid capable of modifying expression of the normal banana PPO gene. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a transgenic plant, which plant contains nucleic acid capable of modifying expression of the normal lettuce PPO gene. 
     The plant may be of any suitable type. Preferably, the plant is banana. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a transgenic plant, which plant contains nucleic acid capable of modifying expression of the normal tobacco PPO gene. 
     The plant may be of any suitable type. Preferably, the plant is tobacco. 
     In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a transgenic plant, which plant contains nucleic acid capable of modifying expression of the normal pineapple PPO gene. 
     The plant may be of any suitable type. Preferably, the plant is pineapple. 
     The nucleic acid may be as hereinbefore described. 
     EXAMPLE 1 
     Cloning Lettuce PPO Genes 
     Messenger RNA (mRNA) was isolated directly from young leaves of lettuce using the PolyTtract 1000 system from Promega Corporation. First strand cDNA was synthesised with reverse transcriptase using a Timesaver cDNA Synthesis Kit (Pharmacia Biotech) utilising an oligo-dT primer adapter as described in Frohman, Mass. (1990) in “PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications” (M A Inris, D H Gelfrand, J J Sninsky and T J White, eds) Academic Press, New York pp 28-38, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference: 
     B26: 5′-GACTCGAGTCGACATCGATTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 38) 
     Oligonucleotide primers were designed based on known plant PPO DNA sequences in the conserved regions of the gene which encode the copper binding sites, CuA and CuB as described in Dry, I B and Robinson, S P (1994) “Molecular cloning and characterisation of grape berry polyphenol oxidase”, Plant Molecular Biology 26: 495-502, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Two forward primers designed around the CuA site (GEN3 and GEN8) and one reverse primer designed around the CuB site (REV1) were synthesised: 
     GEN3: 5′-GCGAATTCTT[TC][TC]TICCITT[TC][CA][TC][AC]G-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 31); 
     GEN8: 5′-GCGAATTCGATCCIACITT[TC]GC[GT]TTICC-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 32); 
     REV1: 5′-GCCTGCAGCCACATIC[TG][AG]TCIAC[AG]TT-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 36) 
     Although the primers are in the region of the Cu binding sites, one of them (GEN8) is just outside of what is traditionally accepted to be a Cu binding site of the enzyme. 
     The first strain cDNA was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) essentially according to the method of Frohman using GEN3 and REV1 or GEN8 and REV1 primers, each at a final concentration of 1 μM (Dry et al.). Amplification involved an initial program of 2 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 37° C. for 2 min, a slow ramp to 72° C. over 2 min and elongation at 72° C. for 3 min, followed by 25 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 55° C. for 1 min, and elongation at 72° C. for 3 min. A sample of the amplified DNA was run on an agarose gel and stained with ethidium bromide to determine the size of the PCR products and the remainder was purified and concentrated using PCR Wizard Prep columns (Promega Corporation). 
     The purified DNA was cloned into Eco RV-cut Bluescript SK +  vector (Stratagene) which had been T-tailed with Taq Polymerase and the ligated DNA was introduced into  E. coli  DH5α by electroporation. Recombinant clones which had an insert of the predicted size were selected and their DNA sequence was determined by automated sequencing. Three putative lettuce PPO clones (LPO316, LPO812 and LPO813) were identified based on their homology to known plant PPO genes. 
     Using this sequence information a specific forward primer (LET3P) and two reverse primers (LET5P1 and LET5P2) were synthesised: 
     LET3P: 5′CGCTGGGTGGGTAATTCTAGGATG-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 46); 
     LET5P1: 5′TGCTGTTCTGTTCGAACATGGCAG-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 42); 
     LET5P2: 5′-TATACAAGTGGCACCAGTGTCTGC-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 43) 
     To obtain the 3′-end of the lettuce PPO gene, the first strand cDNA described above was amplified by the same PCR procedure using 1 μM LET3P primer and 100 nM adapter primer: 
     B25: (5′-GACTCGAGTCGACATCG-3′) (SEQ ID NO: 49). 
     The amplified cDNA was purified as described above and run on a 2% Nusieve GTG (FMC Bioproducts) agarose gel. A 1000 bp fragment was excised from the gel and the DNA was cloned into T-tailed, Eco RV-cut Bluescript SK +  to yield the 3′-end clones LPO9 and LPO10, which were sequenced. 
     The 5′-end of the lettuce PPO gene was cloned by a modification of the 5′-RACE procedure originally described by Frohman using a 5′-AmpliFINDER RACE kit (Clonetech Laboratories). First strand cDNA was synthesised from mRNA with reverse transcriptase using the LET5P2 primer and an AmpliFINDER anchor was ligated onto the 5′-end of the cDNA. The cDNA was amplified by PCR with LET5P1 primer and the AmpliFINDER anchor primer. The amplified cDNA was purified as described above and run on a 2% Nusieve GTG (FMC Bioproducts) agarose gel. An 850 bp fragment was excised from the gel and the DNA was cloned into T-tailed Eco RV-cut Bluescript SK +  to give the 5′-end clones LPO4, LPO5, LPO6, and LPO7, which were sequenced. 
     The 5′- and 3′-clones were found to have the predicted overlapping sequences with the original clone and the complete sequence of lettuce PPO (LPO1) was derived by combining the sequences from the various clones (FIG.  15 ). 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     Cloning Banana PPO Genes 
     Total RNA was isolated from young banana fruit. Fruit tissue (3 g) was frozen and ground to a fine powder in liquid nitrogen with a coffee grinder then added to 20 ml of extraction buffer (2% hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), 2% polyvinyl pyrolidone, 100 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, 25 mM EDTA, 2 M NaCl, 0.05% spermidine, 2% β-mercaptoethanol) at 65° C. The extract was mixed with 20 ml of chloroform/IAA then centrifuged for 20 minutes at 5,000 RPM and the aqueous phase was re-extracted with chloroform/IAA. The aqueous phase was filtered through Miracloth and 0.25 volumes of 10 M LiCl were added then the sample was incubated overnight at 4° C. before centrifuging for 20 minutes at 8,000 RPM. The supernatant was removed and the pellet was resuspended in 0.5 ml of 1 M NaCl, 0.5% SDS, 10 mM Tris, pH 8.0, 1 mM EDTA. The RNA was extracted once with an equal volume of chloroform/IAA and 2 volumes of ethanol was added. After incubation for 40 mins at −70° C. the solution was centrifuged for 15 minutes at 10,000 RPM. The supernatant was removed and the pellet was rinsed with 80% ethanol, drained, and dried. The pellet was resuspended in 50 μl of sterile water. 
     First strand cDNA was synthesised from 10 μg total RNA with reverse transcriptase as described in Dry, I. B. and Robinson, S. P. (1994) “Molecular cloning and characterisation of grape berry polyphenol oxidase”, Plant Molecular Biology 26: 495-502, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, utilising an oligo-dT primer adapter (Frohman, M. A. (1990) in “PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications” (M. A. Innis, D. H. Gelfrand, J. J. Sninsky and T. J. White, eds.) Academic Press, New York pp 28-38, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference): 
     B26: 5′-GACTCGAGTCGACATCGATTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 38) 
     Oligonucleotide primers were designed based on known plant PPO DNA sequences in the conserved regions of the gene which encode the copper binding sites, CuA and CuB (Dry et al.). A forward primer designed around the CuA site (GEN3) and a reverse primer designed around the CuB site (REV1) were synthesised: 
     GEN3: 5′-GCGAATCTT[TC][TC]TICCITT[TC][CA][TC][AC]G-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 31) 
     REV1: 5′-GCCTGCAGCCACATIC[TG][AG]TCIAC[AG]TT-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 36). 
     The first strand reaction was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PRC) essentially according to the method of Frohmen using GEN3 and REV1 primers, each at a final concentration of 1 μM (Dry et al.). Amplification involved an initial program of 2 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 37° C. for 2 min, a slow ramp to 72° C. over 2 min and elongation at 72° C. for 3 min, followed by 25 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 55° C. for 3 min, and elongation at 72° C. for 3 min. A sample of the amplified DNA was run on an agarose gel and stained with ethidium bromide to determine the size of the PCR products and the remainder was purified and concentrated using PCR Wizard Prep columns (Promega Corporation). 
     The purified DNA was cloned into Eco RV-cut Bluescript SK +  vector (Stratagene) which had been T-tailed with Taq Polymerase and the ligated DNA was introduced into  E. coli  DH5α by electroporation. Recombinant clones which had an insert of the predicted size were selected and their DNA sequence was determined by automated sequencing. A putative banana PPO clone (BPO3) was identified based on its homology to known plant PPO genes. 
     Using this sequence information a specific forward primer (BAN1) and two specific reverse primers (BAN2R and BAN3R) were synthesised: 
     BAN 1: 5′-AGTCATCCACAATGCGGCGCACATG-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 47); 
     BAN 2R: 5′-CCGCATTGTGGATGACTTCCATCTG-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 44); and 
     BAN 3R: 5′-CCAGAATGGGATGGTGAAGGTGTCG-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 45). 
     To obtain the 3′-end of this banana PPO gene, the first strand cDNA described above was amplified by the same PCR procedure using 1 μM BAN1 primer and 100 nM adapter primer: 
     B25: 5′-GACTCGAGTCGACATCG-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 49). 
     The DNA was amplified using 25 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 55° C. for 1 min, and elongation at 72° C. for 3 min. The amplified DNA was purified using a QIAquick Spin PCR Purification Kit (QIAGEN) and run on a 2% Nusieve GTG (FMC Bioproducts) agarose gel. A 1000 bp fragment was excised from the gel and the DNA was cloned into T-tailed Eco RV-cut Bluescript SK +  to yield the 3′-end clone BPO17, which was sequenced and shown to encode the 3′-end of BPO3. 
     The 5′-end of BPO3 was cloned by a modification of the 5′-RACE procedure originally described by Frohmann. First strand cDNA was synthesised from banana fruit RNA as described above but utilising the banana PPO specific primer BAN2R. The DNA was tailed with Terminal transferase as described in Frohmann and amplified by PCR with BAN3R and B26 primers, each at a final concentration of 1 μM. The DNA was amplified using 30 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 55° C. for 1 min, and elongation at 72° C. for 3 min. The amplified DNA was run on a 1.8% Nusieve GTG (FMC Bioproducts) agarose gel and a 700 bp fragment was excised from the gel. The DNA was extracted with a QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit and cloned into T-tailed Eco RV-cut Bluescript SK +  yield the 5′-end clone BPO26 which was sequenced and shown to encode the 5′-end of BPO3. 
     The overlapping clones BPO3, BPO17 and BPO26 were fully sequenced in both directions and the sequence of this banana PPO gene (BANPPO1) was derived by combining the sequences (FIGS.  11 A-G). 
     In the course of these experiments a number of clones were obtained from the banana fruit cDNA by PCR amplification using the B25 primer with one of the degenerate primers based on conserved sequences in other plant PPO genes: 
     GEN7:5′-GCGAATTCAA[TC]GTIGA[TC][AC]GIATGTGG-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 33). 
     using the methods described above. Most of these clones were identical to BANPPO1 but one clone, designated BANPPO11, was found to be distinctly different and its sequence is shown in FIGS. 12A-12C. 
     EXAMPLE 3 
     Cloning Banana Peel PPO Genes 
     Total RNA was isolated from the peel of young banana fruit. Fruit tissue (3 g) was frozen and ground to a fine powder in liquid nitrogen with a coffee grinder then added to 20 ml of extraction buffer (2% hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), 2% polyvinyl pyrrolidone, 100 mM Tris-CHl, pH 8.0, 25 mM EDTA, 2 M NaCl, 0.05% spermidine, 2% β-mercaptoethanol) at 65° C. The extract was mixed with 20 ml of chloroform/IAA then centrifuged for 20 minutes at 5,000 RPM and the aqueous phase was re-extracted with chloroform/IAA. The aqueous phase was filtered through Miracloth and 0.25 volumes of 10 M LiCl were added then the sample was incubated overnight at 4° C. before centrifuging for 20 minutes at 8,000 RPM. The supernatant was removed and the pellet was resuspended in 0.5 ml of 1 M NaCl, 0.5% SDS, 10 mM Tris, pH 8.0, 1 mM EDTA. The RNA was extracted once with an equal volume of chloroform/IAA and 2 volumes of ethanol was added. After incubation for 40 mins at −70° C. The solution was centrifuged for 15 minutes at 10,000 RPM. The supernatant was removed and the pellet was rinsed with 80% ethanol, drained and dried. The pellet was resuspended in 50 μL of sterile water. 
     First strand cDNA was synthesised from 10 μg total RNA with reverse transcriptase as described in Ref. 2, utilising an oligosaccharide-dT primer adapter (Ref 1): 
     B26 (SEQ ID NO:38): (5′GACTCGAGTCGACATCGATTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT-3′). 
     Oligonucleotide primers were designed based on known plant PPO DNA sequences. Comparison of a number of PPO sequences from a range of different plants allowed identification of the conserved regions of the gene, which are mostly in or near the regions which encode the two copper binding sites. CuA and CuB (2). Forward primers designed around the CuA site (GEN8, GEN9 and GEN 10) and reverse primers designed around the CuB site (REV1 and REV2) were synthesised: 
     GEN8 (SEQ ID NO: 32): (5′-GCGAATTCGATCCIACITT[TC]GC[GT]TTICC-3′) 
     GEN9 (SEQ ID NO: 34): (5′-GCGAATTCTICA[TC]TG[TC]GCITA[TC]TG-3′) 
     GEN10 (SEQ ID NO: 35):(5′-GCGAATTCTTICCIT[TA][TC]TGGAA[TC]TGGG-3′) 
     REV1 (SEQ ID NO: 36):(5′-GCCTGCAGCCACATIC[TG][AG]TCIAC[AG]TT-3′) 
     REV2 (SEQ ID NO: 37):(5′-GCCTGCAGTT[TC]TC[AG]TC[AG]TAGAA-3′) 
     The first strand reaction was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) essentially according to the method of Frohman (1) using GEN and REV primers, each at a final concentration of 1 μM (2). Amplification involved an initial program of 2 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 37° C. for 2 min, a slow ramp to 72° C. for 3 min, followed by 33 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 55° C. for 1 min, and elongation at 72° C. for 3 min. A sample of the amplified DNA was run on an agarose gel and stained with ethidium bromide to determine the size of the PCR products. The remainder was run on a low melting point agarose gel and the bands of interest were excised. DNA was purified from the agarose with a QIAquick PCR Purification kit (Qiagen). 
     The purified DNA was cloned into Eco-RV-cut Bluescript SK +  vector (Stratagene) which had been T-tailed with Taq Polymerase and the ligated DNA was introduced into  E. coli  DH5α by electroporation. Recombinant clones which had an insert of the predicted size were selected and their DNA sequence was determined by automated sequencing. Two putative banana PPO clones (BPPO2, FIGS. 1A-1B; and BPPO8, FIGS. 2A-2B) were identified by their homology to other plant PPO genes. 
     The 3′-end of BPPO2 was cloned using a primer designed to the sequence of BPPO2: 
     BAN8F (SEQ ID NO: 48): (5′-GTTGCTCTTCTTAGGCTCGGCTTAC-3′) 
     at a final concentration of 1 μM and a B25 adaptor primer: 
     B25:(SEQ ID NO: 49): (5′GACTCGAGTCGACATCGA-3′) 
     at a final concentration of 1 μM (ref 1). Amplification involved 35 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 55° C. for 1 min, and elongation at 72° C. for 3 min. A sample of the amplified DNA was run on an agarose gel and stained with ethidium bromide to determine the size of the PCR products. The remainder was run on a low melting point agarose gel and the bands of interest were excised. DNA was purified from the agarose with a QIAquick PCR Purification kit (Qiagen). 
     The purified DNA was cloned into Eco RV-cut Bluescript SK +  vector (Stratagene) which has been T-tailed with Taq Polymerase and the ligated DNA was introduced into  E. coli  DH5α by electroporation. Recombinant clones which had an insert of the predicted size (1150 bp) were selected and their DNA sequence was determined by automated sequencing. Two putative banana PPO clones (BANPPO34, FIGS. 3A-C; and BANPPO35, FIGS.  4 A-C); were identified based on their homology to known plant PPO genes. The sequences of BANPPO34 and BPPO2 were identical. 
     EXAMPLE 4 
     Cloning Tobacco Leaf PPO Genes 
     Total RNA was isolated from young leaves (1-3 cm long) of glasshouse grown plants. Approximately 2 g of frozen leaf material was ground to a fine powder in liquid nitrogen then extracted in 15 ml of extraction buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 9.0, 150 mM LiCl, 5 mM EDTA, 5% SDS and 0.6% β-mercaptoethanol) by shaking vigorously in a 50 ml screw cap tube for 1-2 minutes. Approximately 15 ml of phenol/chloroform/IAA (25:24:1) was added and the homogenate mixed then centrifuged for 15 minutes at 5,000 RPM, 4° C. The upper aqueous phase was removed and re-extracted twice with phenol/chloroform/IAA and then once with chloroform/IAA and then centrifuged for 10 minutes at 5,000 RPM, 4° C. The supernatant was removed, LiCl was added to a final concentration of 2 M and the mixture was incubated overnight at 4° C. After centrifuging for 10 minutes at 8,000 RPM, 4° C. The supernatant was removed and the pellet was resuspended in 6 ml of 0.4 M LiCl then 2 ml of 8M LiCl was added and the mixture was incubated overnight at 4° C. The mixture was centrifuged for 10 minuters at 8,000 RPM, 4° C., the supernatant was removed and the pellet was resuspended in 0.5 ml of sterile water and centrifuged briefly to remove any insoluble material. 
     mRNA was isolated from the total RNA using a PolyATtract kit (Promega). First strand cDNA was synthesised from 10 μg total RNA or 2 μg mRNA with reverse transcriptase as described in Ref 2, utilising an oligo-dT primer adapter (Ref 1): 
     B26: 5′-GACTCGAGTCGACATCGATTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 38). 
     The first strand reaction was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) essentially according to the method of Frohman (1) using GEN and REV primers described in Example 1, each at a final concentration of 1 μM (2). Amplification involved an initial program of 2 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 37° C. for 2 min, a slow ramp to 72° C. over 2 min and elongation at 72° C. for 3 min, followed by 28 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 55° C. for 1 min, and elongation at 72° C. for 3 min. A sample of the amplified DNA was run on an agarose gel and stained with ethidium bromide to determine the size of the PCR products. The remainder was run on a low melting point agarose gel and the bands of interest were excised. DNA was purified from the agarose with a QIAquick PCR Purification kit (Qiagen). 
     The purified DNA was cloned into Eco RV-cut Bluescript SK +  vector (Stratagene) which had been T-tailed with Taq Polymerase and the ligated DNA was introduced into  E. coli  DH5α by electroporation. Recombinant clones which had an insert of the predicted size were selected and their DNA sequence was determined by automated sequencing. Three putative tobacco PPO clones (TOBPPO6, FIGS. 5A-B; TOBPPO25, FIGS. 6A-C; and TOBPPO26, FIGS. 7A-C) were identified based on their homologies to known PPO genes. 
     EXAMPLE 5 
     Cloning Pineapple PPO Genes 
     Mature pineapple fruit were treated to induce blackheart disorder by holding the fruit for 17 days at 12° C. then for 4 days at 25° C. Flesh showing blackheart symptoms was dissected from the fruit, frozen in liquid nitrogen and ground to a fine powder in a pre-cooled coffee grinder. To isolate total RNA 10 g of the powder was ground in a mortar and pestle then extracted with 30 ml of homogenisation buffer (100 mM Tris-HCl, pH9.0, 200 mM NaCl, 15 mM EDTA, 0.5% sarkosyl and 1% β-mercaptoethanol), 30 ml of phenol and 6 ml of chloroform/IAA. The mixture was stirred in a beaker, 2.1 ml of 3M NaAc (pH 5.2) was added and the mixture was kept on ice for 15 minutes then centrifuged for 15 minutes at 8,000 RPM, 4° C. The upper aqueous phase was removed and equal volume of isopropanol was added. The mixture was incubated for 30 minutes at −70° C. then centrifuged for 20 minutes at 8,000 RPM, 4° C. in Corex tubes. The supernatant was removed and the pellet was rinsed with 70% ethanol and centrifuged for 5 minutes at 8,000 RPM, 4° C. The ethanol was removed and the pellet was air dried then resuspended in 0.75 ml sterile water and centrifuged to removed any insoluble material. LiCl was added to a final concentration of 3 M and the mixture was incubated overnight at −20° C. then centrifuged for 30 minutes at 15,000 RPM, 4° C. The pellet was rinsed with 70% ethanol, centrifuged briefly, drained and air dried. The pellet was resuspended in 75 μl sterile water and centrifuged to remove any insoluble material. 
     Oligonucleotide primers were designed based on known plant PPO DNA sequences. Comparison of a number of PPO sequences from a range of different plants allowed identification of the conserved regions of the gene, which are mostly in or near the regions which encode the two copper binding sites, CuA and CuB. Forward primers designed around the CuA site (GEN8, GEN9 and GEN 10) and reverse primers designed around the CuB site (REV1 and REV2) were synthesised: 
     GEN8 (SEQ ID NO: 32): (5′-GCGAATTCGATCCIACITT[TC]GC[GT]TTICC-3′) 
     GEN9 (SEQ ID NO: 34): (5′-GCGAATTCTICA[TC]TG[TC]GCITA[TC]TG-3′) 
     GEN10 (SEQ ID NO: 35):(5′-GCGAATTCTTICCIT[TA][TC]TGGAA[TC]TGGG-3′) 
     REV1 (SEQ ID NO: 36):(5′-GCCTGCAGCCACATIC[TG][AG]TCIAC[AG]TT-3′) 
     REV2 (SEQ ID NO: 37):(5′-GCCTGCAGTT[TC]TC[AG]TC[AG]TAGAA-3′) 
     First strand cDNA was synthesized from 10 μg total RNA with reverse transcriptase as described in Ref 2, utilising the REV2 primer: 
     REV (SEQ ID NO:37):(5′-GCCTGCAGTT[TC]TC[AG]TC[AG]TAGAA-3′) 
     The first strand reaction was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) essentially according to the method of Frohman (1) using the GEN and REV primers described in Example 1, each at a final concentration of 1 μM (2). Amplification involved an initial program of 2 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 37° C. for 2 min, a slow ramp to 72° C. over 2 min and elongation at 72° C. for 3 min, followed by 33 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 55° C. for 1 min, and elongation at 72° C. for 3 min. 
     A sample of the amplified DNA was run on an agarose gel and stained with ethidium bromide to determine the size of the PCR products. The remainder was run on a low melting point agarose gel and the bands of interest were excised. DNA was purified from the agarose with a QIAquick PCR Purification kit (Qiagen). The purified DNA was cloned into Eco RV-cut Bluescript SK +  vector (Stratagene) which had been T-tailed with Taq Polymerase and the ligated DNA was introduced into  E. coli  DH5α by electroporation. Recombinant clones which had an insert of the predicted size were selected and their DNA sequence was determined by automated sequencing. A putative pineapple PPO clone (PINPP020; FIGS. 8A-C) was identified based on its homology to known PPO genes. First strand cDNA was also synthesised from 10 μg total RNA with reverse transcriptase as described in Dry, I. B. and Robinson, S. P (1994), utilising an oligo-dT primer adapter (Ref 1): 
     B26: 5′-GACTCGAGTCGACATCGATTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT-3′ (SEQ ID NO: 38). 
     This first strand reaction was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) essentially according to the method of Frohman, M. A. (1990) using GEN9 and GEN10 primers: 
     GEN9 (SEQ ID NO: 34): (5′-GCGAATTCTICA[TC]TG[TC]GCITA[TC]TG-3′) 
     GEN10 (SEQ ID NO: 35):(5′-GCGAATTCTTICCIT[TA][TC]TGGAA[TC]TGGG-3′) 
     at a final concentration of 1 μM and a B25 adaptor primer: 
     B25: (5′-GACTCGAGTCGACATCGA-3′) (SEQ ID NO: 49). 
     at a final concentration of 0.1 μM (Frohman, M. A. (1990); Dry, I. B. and Robinson, S. P. (1994)) Amplification involved a program of 33 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 55° C. for 1 min, and elongation at 72° C. for 3 min. 
     A sample of the amplified DNA was run on an agarose gel and stained with ethidium bromide to determine the size of the PCR products. The remainder was run on a low melting point agarose gel and the bands of interest were excised. DNA was purified from the agarose with a QIAquick PCR Purification kit (Qiagen). 
     The purified DNA was cloned into Eco RV-cut Bluescript SK +  vector (Stratagene) which had been T-tailed with Taq Polymerase and the ligated DNA was introduced into  E. coli  DH5α by electroporation. Recombinant clones which had an insert of the predicted size were selected and their DNA sequence was determined by automated sequencing. Two putative pineapple PPO clones (PINPP01; FIGS. 13A-E; and PINPP02, FIGS. 9A-E) were identified based on their homologies to known PPO genes. The sequence of PINPPO1 was nearly identical to that of PINPPO20. 
     The 5′-end of PINPPO1 was obtained using a 5′-RACE system for rapid amplification of cDNA ends, Version 2.0, from GIBCO-BRL, according to the manufacturer&#39;s instructions. Specific oligonucleotide primers based on the sequences of PINPPO1 and PINPPO2 were used: 
     PINE 1: (SEQ ID NO: 39): 5-′ATATCACCTGTCGGTACATGACGGC-3′ 
     PINE 2: (SEQ ID NO: 40):5′-GTGCCATTGTAGTCGAGGTCAATCA-3′ 
     A number of clones were sequenced and one, 5PINA (FIGS.  14 A-C), was found to be nearly identical to PINPPO1 (FIGS. 13A-E) in the overlapping regions. 
     A full-length pineapple cDNA clone was isolated using a primer designed to the 5′-end sequence of 5PINA: 
     5PIN1: (SEQ ID NO: 41):(5′-CCAGTGCCTGGTTTAGGTGTATTCAC-3′) 
     Primers designed to the 5′-end of the pineapple PPO gene was used with the B25 adaptor primer as described above to amplify cDNA prepared from blackheart-induced pineapple fruit RNA. Amplification involved a program of 33 cycles of denaturation at 94° C. for 1 min, annealing at 55° C. for 1 min, and elongation at 72° C. for 3 min. 
     A sample of the amplified DNA was run on an agarose gel and stained with ethidium bromide to determine the size of the PCR products. The remainder was run on a low melting point agarose gen and the bands of interest were excised. DNA was purified from the agarose with a QIAquick PCR Purification kit (Qiagen). 
     The purified DNA was cloned into Eco RV-cut Bluescript SK +  vector (Stratagene) which had been T-tailed with Taq Polymerase and the ligated DNA was introduced into  E. coli  DH5α by electroporation. Recombinant clones which had an insert of the predicted size (2.2 kbp) were selected and their DNA sequence was determined by automated sequencing. A pineapple PPO clone (PINPPOFL; FIGS. 10A-H) was identified based on its homology to the PINPPO20 (FIGS.  8 A-C), PINPPO1 (FIGS. 13A-E) and 5 PINA (FIGS. 14A-C) clones. The sequence of PINPPOFL was found to be nearly identical to that of PINPPO20, PINPPO1 and 5PINA in the overlapping regions. 
     REFERENCES 
     1. Frohman, M A (1990) in “PCR Protocols: A guide to Methods and Applications” (M A Innis, D H Gelfrand, J J Sninsky and T J White, eds) Academic Press, New York, pp 28-38. 
     2. Dry, I B and Robinson, S P (1994) “Molecular cloning and characterisation of grape berry polyphenol oxidase”.  Plant Mol. Biol.  26, 495-502. 
     
       
         
           
             49 
           
           
             1 
             582 
             DNA 
             banana 
             
               CDS 
               (1)..(582) 
             
           
            1
cac tgt gcg tat tgt gat ggc gcc tac gac cag atc ggc ttc ccc aac       48
His Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asp Gly Ala Tyr Asp Gln Ile Gly Phe Pro Asn
  1               5                  10                  15
ctc gag ctc caa gtc cac aac tcc tgg ctc ttc ttc cct tgg cac cgc       96
Leu Glu Leu Gln Val His Asn Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe Pro Trp His Arg
             20                  25                  30
ttc tac ctc tac ttc cac gag agg atc ctc gga aag ctc ata ggc gac      144
Phe Tyr Leu Tyr Phe His Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Lys Leu Ile Gly Asp
         35                  40                  45
gac act ttc gcc ctc cct ttc tgg aac tgg gac gcg ccc ggc ggc atg      192
Asp Thr Phe Ala Leu Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Ala Pro Gly Gly Met
     50                  55                  60
aag ctg ccg tcg atc tac gcc gac cct tcg tcc tcg ctc tat gac aag      240
Lys Leu Pro Ser Ile Tyr Ala Asp Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Tyr Asp Lys
 65                  70                  75                  80
ttt cgc gac gcc aag cac cag ccg cca gtc ctc gtc gac ctc gac tac      288
Phe Arg Asp Ala Lys His Gln Pro Pro Val Leu Val Asp Leu Asp Tyr
                 85                  90                  95
aac gga acc gac cct agt ttc acc gac gca gag cag atc gat cag aac      336
Asn Gly Thr Asp Pro Ser Phe Thr Asp Ala Glu Gln Ile Asp Gln Asn
            100                 105                 110
ctc aag atc atg tac cgg cag gtg atc tcc aac ggc aag acg ccg ttg      384
Leu Lys Ile Met Tyr Arg Gln Val Ile Ser Asn Gly Lys Thr Pro Leu
        115                 120                 125
ctc ttc tta ggc tcg gct tac cgt gcc ggc gac aac cca aac ccc ggc      432
Leu Phe Leu Gly Ser Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Asn Pro Asn Pro Gly
    130                 135                 140
gcg ggc tcg ctc gag aac ata cca cac ggc ccc gtc cac ggg tgg act      480
Ala Gly Ser Leu Glu Asn Ile Pro His Gly Pro Val His Gly Trp Thr
145                 150                 155                 160
ggc gac aga agc caa ccc aat ctc gag gac atg ggc aac ttc tac tcc      528
Gly Asp Arg Ser Gln Pro Asn Leu Glu Asp Met Gly Asn Phe Tyr Ser
                165                 170                 175
gcg ggg cgc gac cct atc ttc ttc gcc cac cat tca aat gtc gat cgc      576
Ala Gly Arg Asp Pro Ile Phe Phe Ala His His Ser Asn Val Asp Arg
            180                 185                 190
atg tgg                                                              582
Met Trp
 
           
             2 
             194 
             PRT 
             banana 
           
            2
His Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asp Gly Ala Tyr Asp Gln Ile Gly Phe Pro Asn
  1               5                  10                  15
Leu Glu Leu Gln Val His Asn Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe Pro Trp His Arg
             20                  25                  30
Phe Tyr Leu Tyr Phe His Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Lys Leu Ile Gly Asp
         35                  40                  45
Asp Thr Phe Ala Leu Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Ala Pro Gly Gly Met
     50                  55                  60
Lys Leu Pro Ser Ile Tyr Ala Asp Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Tyr Asp Lys
 65                  70                  75                  80
Phe Arg Asp Ala Lys His Gln Pro Pro Val Leu Val Asp Leu Asp Tyr
                 85                  90                  95
Asn Gly Thr Asp Pro Ser Phe Thr Asp Ala Glu Gln Ile Asp Gln Asn
            100                 105                 110
Leu Lys Ile Met Tyr Arg Gln Val Ile Ser Asn Gly Lys Thr Pro Leu
        115                 120                 125
Leu Phe Leu Gly Ser Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Asn Pro Asn Pro Gly
    130                 135                 140
Ala Gly Ser Leu Glu Asn Ile Pro His Gly Pro Val His Gly Trp Thr
145                 150                 155                 160
Gly Asp Arg Ser Gln Pro Asn Leu Glu Asp Met Gly Asn Phe Tyr Ser
                165                 170                 175
Ala Gly Arg Asp Pro Ile Phe Phe Ala His His Ser Asn Val Asp Arg
            180                 185                 190
Met Trp
 
           
             3 
             426 
             DNA 
             banana 
             
               CDS 
               (1)..(426) 
             
           
            3
ttg ccg ttt tgg aat tgg gac gcg ccc ggc ggc atg aag ctg ccg tcg       48
Leu Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Ala Pro Gly Gly Met Lys Leu Pro Ser
  1               5                  10                  15
atc tac gcc gac cct tcg tcc tcg ctc tat gac aag ttt cgc gac gcc       96
Ile Tyr Ala Asp Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Tyr Asp Lys Phe Arg Asp Ala
             20                  25                  30
aag cac cag ccg ccg gtc ctc gtc gac ctc gac tac aac gga acc gac      144
Lys His Gln Pro Pro Val Leu Val Asp Leu Asp Tyr Asn Gly Thr Asp
         35                  40                  45
cct agt ttc acc gac gca gag cag atc gat cag aac ctc aag atc atg      192
Pro Ser Phe Thr Asp Ala Glu Gln Ile Asp Gln Asn Leu Lys Ile Met
     50                  55                  60
tac cgg cag gtg atc tcc aac ggc aag acg ccg ttg ctc ttc tta ggc      240
Tyr Arg Gln Val Ile Ser Asn Gly Lys Thr Pro Leu Leu Phe Leu Gly
 65                  70                  75                  80
tcg gct tac cgt gcc ggc gac aac cca aac ccc ggc gcg ggc tcg ctc      288
Ser Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Asn Pro Asn Pro Gly Ala Gly Ser Leu
                 85                  90                  95
gag aac ata cca cac ggc ccc gtc cac ggg tgg act ggc gac aga agc      336
Glu Asn Ile Pro His Gly Pro Val His Gly Trp Thr Gly Asp Arg Ser
            100                 105                 110
caa ccc aat ctc gag gac atg ggc aac ttc tac tcc gcg ggg cgc gac      384
Gln Pro Asn Leu Glu Asp Met Gly Asn Phe Tyr Ser Ala Gly Arg Asp
        115                 120                 125
cct atc ttc ttc gcc cac cat tca aat gtc gat agc atg tgg              426
Pro Ile Phe Phe Ala His His Ser Asn Val Asp Ser Met Trp
    130                 135                 140
 
           
             4 
             142 
             PRT 
             banana 
           
            4
Leu Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Ala Pro Gly Gly Met Lys Leu Pro Ser
  1               5                  10                  15
Ile Tyr Ala Asp Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Tyr Asp Lys Phe Arg Asp Ala
             20                  25                  30
Lys His Gln Pro Pro Val Leu Val Asp Leu Asp Tyr Asn Gly Thr Asp
         35                  40                  45
Pro Ser Phe Thr Asp Ala Glu Gln Ile Asp Gln Asn Leu Lys Ile Met
     50                  55                  60
Tyr Arg Gln Val Ile Ser Asn Gly Lys Thr Pro Leu Leu Phe Leu Gly
 65                  70                  75                  80
Ser Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Asn Pro Asn Pro Gly Ala Gly Ser Leu
                 85                  90                  95
Glu Asn Ile Pro His Gly Pro Val His Gly Trp Thr Gly Asp Arg Ser
            100                 105                 110
Gln Pro Asn Leu Glu Asp Met Gly Asn Phe Tyr Ser Ala Gly Arg Asp
        115                 120                 125
Pro Ile Phe Phe Ala His His Ser Asn Val Asp Ser Met Trp
    130                 135                 140
 
           
             5 
             925 
             DNA 
             banana 
             
               CDS 
               (2)..(853) 
             
           
            5
g ttg ctc ttc tta ggc tcg gct tac cgt gcc ggc gac aac cca aac ccc     49
  Leu Leu Phe Leu Gly Ser Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Asn Pro Asn Pro
    1               5                  10                  15
ggc gcg ggc tcg ctc gag aac ata cca cac ggc ccc gtc cac ggg tgg       97
Gly Ala Gly Ser Leu Glu Asn Ile Pro His Gly Pro Val His Gly Trp
             20                  25                  30
act ggc gac aga aac caa ccc aat ctc gag gac atg ggc aac ttc tac      145
Thr Gly Asp Arg Asn Gln Pro Asn Leu Glu Asp Met Gly Asn Phe Tyr
         35                  40                  45
tcc gcg ggg cgc gac cct atc ttc ttc gcc cac cat tca aac gtc gac      193
Ser Ala Gly Arg Asp Pro Ile Phe Phe Ala His His Ser Asn Val Asp
     50                  55                  60
cgc atg tgg tac ttg tgg aag aag ctc ggc ggg aag cat cag gac ttt      241
Arg Met Trp Tyr Leu Trp Lys Lys Leu Gly Gly Lys His Gln Asp Phe
 65                  70                  75                  80
aac gat aag gac tgg ctc aac acc acc ttc ctc ttc tac gac gag aat      289
Asn Asp Lys Asp Trp Leu Asn Thr Thr Phe Leu Phe Tyr Asp Glu Asn
                 85                  90                  95
gct gac tta gtt cga gtc acc ctc aag gac tgc ttg cag ccg gag tgg      337
Ala Asp Leu Val Arg Val Thr Leu Lys Asp Cys Leu Gln Pro Glu Trp
            100                 105                 110
ctt cgt tac gat tac caa gac gtc gag atc ccg tgg ctg aag acc cgg      385
Leu Arg Tyr Asp Tyr Gln Asp Val Glu Ile Pro Trp Leu Lys Thr Arg
        115                 120                 125
ccg act ccc aaa gcc ttg aag gcg cag aaa acc gca gcg aaa aca ctg      433
Pro Thr Pro Lys Ala Leu Lys Ala Gln Lys Thr Ala Ala Lys Thr Leu
    130                 135                 140
aaa gct aca gca gag acg ccg ttc ccg gtg acg ctg caa tcc gcg gtg      481
Lys Ala Thr Ala Glu Thr Pro Phe Pro Val Thr Leu Gln Ser Ala Val
145                 150                 155                 160
agc acg acg gtg agg agg ccc aag gta tcg agg agc ggc aag gag aag      529
Ser Thr Thr Val Arg Arg Pro Lys Val Ser Arg Ser Gly Lys Glu Lys
                165                 170                 175
gaa gag gaa gag gag gtc ctc atc gtg gag ggg atc gag ttc gac cgc      577
Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Val Leu Ile Val Glu Gly Ile Glu Phe Asp Arg
            180                 185                 190
gac tac ttc ata aag ttc gac gtc ttc gtg aac gcc acc gag ggt gag      625
Asp Tyr Phe Ile Lys Phe Asp Val Phe Val Asn Ala Thr Glu Gly Glu
        195                 200                 205
ggc atc acg ccg ggc gcc agc gag ttc gcg ggc agc ttc gtc aac gtc      673
Gly Ile Thr Pro Gly Ala Ser Glu Phe Ala Gly Ser Phe Val Asn Val
    210                 215                 220
ccg cac aag cac aag cac agc aag aag gag aag aag ctg aag acg agg      721
Pro His Lys His Lys His Ser Lys Lys Glu Lys Lys Leu Lys Thr Arg
225                 230                 235                 240
ctc tgc ctg ggg atc act gac ctg ctc gag gac atc ggg gcg gag gac      769
Leu Cys Leu Gly Ile Thr Asp Leu Leu Glu Asp Ile Gly Ala Glu Asp
                245                 250                 255
gac gac agc gtg ctc gtc acc atc gtc ccg aaa gcc gga aag ggc aag      817
Asp Asp Ser Val Leu Val Thr Ile Val Pro Lys Ala Gly Lys Gly Lys
            260                 265                 270
gtg tcg gtc gcc ggc ctc cgc atc gat ttc cca aat tgaagtaata           863
Val Ser Val Ala Gly Leu Arg Ile Asp Phe Pro Asn
        275                 280
ctatatattt ctactaccta tcaaggaaaa taaaagccgc accatcgtaa caaaaaaaaa    923
aa                                                                   925
 
           
             6 
             284 
             PRT 
             banana 
           
            6
Leu Leu Phe Leu Gly Ser Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Asn Pro Asn Pro
  1               5                  10                  15
Gly Ala Gly Ser Leu Glu Asn Ile Pro His Gly Pro Val His Gly Trp
             20                  25                  30
Thr Gly Asp Arg Asn Gln Pro Asn Leu Glu Asp Met Gly Asn Phe Tyr
         35                  40                  45
Ser Ala Gly Arg Asp Pro Ile Phe Phe Ala His His Ser Asn Val Asp
     50                  55                  60
Arg Met Trp Tyr Leu Trp Lys Lys Leu Gly Gly Lys His Gln Asp Phe
 65                  70                  75                  80
Asn Asp Lys Asp Trp Leu Asn Thr Thr Phe Leu Phe Tyr Asp Glu Asn
                 85                  90                  95
Ala Asp Leu Val Arg Val Thr Leu Lys Asp Cys Leu Gln Pro Glu Trp
            100                 105                 110
Leu Arg Tyr Asp Tyr Gln Asp Val Glu Ile Pro Trp Leu Lys Thr Arg
        115                 120                 125
Pro Thr Pro Lys Ala Leu Lys Ala Gln Lys Thr Ala Ala Lys Thr Leu
    130                 135                 140
Lys Ala Thr Ala Glu Thr Pro Phe Pro Val Thr Leu Gln Ser Ala Val
145                 150                 155                 160
Ser Thr Thr Val Arg Arg Pro Lys Val Ser Arg Ser Gly Lys Glu Lys
                165                 170                 175
Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Val Leu Ile Val Glu Gly Ile Glu Phe Asp Arg
            180                 185                 190
Asp Tyr Phe Ile Lys Phe Asp Val Phe Val Asn Ala Thr Glu Gly Glu
        195                 200                 205
Gly Ile Thr Pro Gly Ala Ser Glu Phe Ala Gly Ser Phe Val Asn Val
    210                 215                 220
Pro His Lys His Lys His Ser Lys Lys Glu Lys Lys Leu Lys Thr Arg
225                 230                 235                 240
Leu Cys Leu Gly Ile Thr Asp Leu Leu Glu Asp Ile Gly Ala Glu Asp
                245                 250                 255
Asp Asp Ser Val Leu Val Thr Ile Val Pro Lys Ala Gly Lys Gly Lys
            260                 265                 270
Val Ser Val Ala Gly Leu Arg Ile Asp Phe Pro Asn
        275                 280
 
           
             7 
             960 
             DNA 
             banana 
             
               CDS 
               (2)..(853) 
             
           
            7
g ttg ctc ttc tta ggc tcg gct tac cgt gcc ggt gac cag cct aac ccc     49
  Leu Leu Phe Leu Gly Ser Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Gln Pro Asn Pro
    1               5                  10                  15
ggc gcg gga tcc atc gag aac atg ccg cac aac aac gtg cac ttg tgg       97
Gly Ala Gly Ser Ile Glu Asn Met Pro His Asn Asn Val His Leu Trp
             20                  25                  30
acc ggc gac cgc acc cag ccc aac ttc gag aac atg ggc acc ttc tac      145
Thr Gly Asp Arg Thr Gln Pro Asn Phe Glu Asn Met Gly Thr Phe Tyr
         35                  40                  45
gcg gcg gcg cgc gac ccc atc ttc ttc gcc cac cac gcc aac atc gac      193
Ala Ala Ala Arg Asp Pro Ile Phe Phe Ala His His Ala Asn Ile Asp
     50                  55                  60
cga atg tgg tac ctg tgg aag aag ctc agc agg aag cac cag gac ttc      241
Arg Met Trp Tyr Leu Trp Lys Lys Leu Ser Arg Lys His Gln Asp Phe
 65                  70                  75                  80
aat gac tcg gac tgg ctc aaa gct tcc ttc ctc ttc tac gac gag aac      289
Asn Asp Ser Asp Trp Leu Lys Ala Ser Phe Leu Phe Tyr Asp Glu Asn
                 85                  90                  95
gcc gac tta gtt cgg gtc acg gtc aag gac tgc ttg gag acc gag tgg      337
Ala Asp Leu Val Arg Val Thr Val Lys Asp Cys Leu Glu Thr Glu Trp
            100                 105                 110
ctg cgc tac acg tac caa gac gtg aag atc cca tgg gcg aac acc cga      385
Leu Arg Tyr Thr Tyr Gln Asp Val Lys Ile Pro Trp Ala Asn Thr Arg
        115                 120                 125
ccg act ccc aag ctc gcc aag gcg agg aaa gcc ggc agc aga tcg ctg      433
Pro Thr Pro Lys Leu Ala Lys Ala Arg Lys Ala Gly Ser Arg Ser Leu
    130                 135                 140
aaa gcc acc gcg gag gtg cag ttc cct gtg acg ctg gaa tcc ccg gtc      481
Lys Ala Thr Ala Glu Val Gln Phe Pro Val Thr Leu Glu Ser Pro Val
145                 150                 155                 160
aaa gtg acg gtg aag agg ccc aag gtg ggg agg agc ggc aag gag aag      529
Lys Val Thr Val Lys Arg Pro Lys Val Gly Arg Ser Gly Lys Glu Lys
                165                 170                 175
gaa gat gag gag gag ata ctc ata gtg gag ggg atc gag ttc gac cgc      577
Glu Asp Glu Glu Glu Ile Leu Ile Val Glu Gly Ile Glu Phe Asp Arg
            180                 185                 190
gac tac ttc atc aag ttc gac gtc ttc gtg aac gcg acg gag ggc gac      625
Asp Tyr Phe Ile Lys Phe Asp Val Phe Val Asn Ala Thr Glu Gly Asp
        195                 200                 205
ggc atc acg gcc ggg gcc agt gag ttc gcc ggc agc ttc gtg aac gtc      673
Gly Ile Thr Ala Gly Ala Ser Glu Phe Ala Gly Ser Phe Val Asn Val
    210                 215                 220
ccg cac aag cac aag cac cgc aag gat gag aat aag ctg aag acg agg      721
Pro His Lys His Lys His Arg Lys Asp Glu Asn Lys Leu Lys Thr Arg
225                 230                 235                 240
ctg tgt ctg gga atc acc gac ctg ctc gag gac atc ggc gcg gag gac      769
Leu Cys Leu Gly Ile Thr Asp Leu Leu Glu Asp Ile Gly Ala Glu Asp
                245                 250                 255
gac gac agc gtg ctc gtc acc atc gtg ccg aag gca ggc aaa gga aag      817
Asp Asp Ser Val Leu Val Thr Ile Val Pro Lys Ala Gly Lys Gly Lys
            260                 265                 270
gtg tcc gtc ggc ggt ctt cgg att gac ttt tcc aag tgaggaaata           863
Val Ser Val Gly Gly Leu Arg Ile Asp Phe Ser Lys
        275                 280
aaagaattca cgtgccgtgc ctgctttcaa tgtacgaata aaataagagt gcatcatcac    923
cgaccatggt tctactttaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaa                             960
 
           
             8 
             284 
             PRT 
             banana 
           
            8
Leu Leu Phe Leu Gly Ser Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Gln Pro Asn Pro
  1               5                  10                  15
Gly Ala Gly Ser Ile Glu Asn Met Pro His Asn Asn Val His Leu Trp
             20                  25                  30
Thr Gly Asp Arg Thr Gln Pro Asn Phe Glu Asn Met Gly Thr Phe Tyr
         35                  40                  45
Ala Ala Ala Arg Asp Pro Ile Phe Phe Ala His His Ala Asn Ile Asp
     50                  55                  60
Arg Met Trp Tyr Leu Trp Lys Lys Leu Ser Arg Lys His Gln Asp Phe
 65                  70                  75                  80
Asn Asp Ser Asp Trp Leu Lys Ala Ser Phe Leu Phe Tyr Asp Glu Asn
                 85                  90                  95
Ala Asp Leu Val Arg Val Thr Val Lys Asp Cys Leu Glu Thr Glu Trp
            100                 105                 110
Leu Arg Tyr Thr Tyr Gln Asp Val Lys Ile Pro Trp Ala Asn Thr Arg
        115                 120                 125
Pro Thr Pro Lys Leu Ala Lys Ala Arg Lys Ala Gly Ser Arg Ser Leu
    130                 135                 140
Lys Ala Thr Ala Glu Val Gln Phe Pro Val Thr Leu Glu Ser Pro Val
145                 150                 155                 160
Lys Val Thr Val Lys Arg Pro Lys Val Gly Arg Ser Gly Lys Glu Lys
                165                 170                 175
Glu Asp Glu Glu Glu Ile Leu Ile Val Glu Gly Ile Glu Phe Asp Arg
            180                 185                 190
Asp Tyr Phe Ile Lys Phe Asp Val Phe Val Asn Ala Thr Glu Gly Asp
        195                 200                 205
Gly Ile Thr Ala Gly Ala Ser Glu Phe Ala Gly Ser Phe Val Asn Val
    210                 215                 220
Pro His Lys His Lys His Arg Lys Asp Glu Asn Lys Leu Lys Thr Arg
225                 230                 235                 240
Leu Cys Leu Gly Ile Thr Asp Leu Leu Glu Asp Ile Gly Ala Glu Asp
                245                 250                 255
Asp Asp Ser Val Leu Val Thr Ile Val Pro Lys Ala Gly Lys Gly Lys
            260                 265                 270
Val Ser Val Gly Gly Leu Arg Ile Asp Phe Ser Lys
        275                 280
 
           
             9 
             545 
             DNA 
             tobacco 
             
               CDS 
               (1)..(543) 
             
           
            9
gat ccg acg ttt gcg ttg cca tat tgg aac tgg gat cat cca aag ggc       48
Asp Pro Thr Phe Ala Leu Pro Tyr Trp Asn Trp Asp His Pro Lys Gly
  1               5                  10                  15
atg cgt ttg cca cac atg ttt gat caa cca aac gtg tac cct gat ctt       96
Met Arg Leu Pro His Met Phe Asp Gln Pro Asn Val Tyr Pro Asp Leu
             20                  25                  30
tac gat cca aga cgt aac caa gaa cac cgc ggt tct gta atc atg gac      144
Tyr Asp Pro Arg Arg Asn Gln Glu His Arg Gly Ser Val Ile Met Asp
         35                  40                  45
ctt ggt cat ttt ggt caa gac gtg aaa gga act gac ttg caa atg atg      192
Leu Gly His Phe Gly Gln Asp Val Lys Gly Thr Asp Leu Gln Met Met
     50                  55                  60
agc aat aac ctt act cta atg tat cgt caa atg att acc aat tca cca      240
Ser Asn Asn Leu Thr Leu Met Tyr Arg Gln Met Ile Thr Asn Ser Pro
 65                  70                  75                  80
tgt cca caa ctc ttt ttc ggt aag cca tat tgt acg gaa gtt gga ccc      288
Cys Pro Gln Leu Phe Phe Gly Lys Pro Tyr Cys Thr Glu Val Gly Pro
                 85                  90                  95
aaa cca ggg cag gga gct att gaa aac atc cct cat act cct gtc cac      336
Lys Pro Gly Gln Gly Ala Ile Glu Asn Ile Pro His Thr Pro Val His
            100                 105                 110
att tgg gtt ggt agt aag cct aat gag aat aac tgt aaa aac ggt gaa      384
Ile Trp Val Gly Ser Lys Pro Asn Glu Asn Asn Cys Lys Asn Gly Glu
        115                 120                 125
gat atg gga aat ttc tat tca gct ggt aag gat cct gct ttc tat agt      432
Asp Met Gly Asn Phe Tyr Ser Ala Gly Lys Asp Pro Ala Phe Tyr Ser
    130                 135                 140
cac cat gca aat gta gat cgc atg tgg aca ata tgg aaa aca tta gga      480
His His Ala Asn Val Asp Arg Met Trp Thr Ile Trp Lys Thr Leu Gly
145                 150                 155                 160
gga aaa cgc aag gac atc aac aag cca gat tat ttg aac act gag ttc      528
Gly Lys Arg Lys Asp Ile Asn Lys Pro Asp Tyr Leu Asn Thr Glu Phe
                165                 170                 175
ttt ttc tac gac gaa aa                                               545
Phe Phe Tyr Asp Glu
            180
 
           
             10 
             181 
             PRT 
             tobacco 
           
            10
Asp Pro Thr Phe Ala Leu Pro Tyr Trp Asn Trp Asp His Pro Lys Gly
  1               5                  10                  15
Met Arg Leu Pro His Met Phe Asp Gln Pro Asn Val Tyr Pro Asp Leu
             20                  25                  30
Tyr Asp Pro Arg Arg Asn Gln Glu His Arg Gly Ser Val Ile Met Asp
         35                  40                  45
Leu Gly His Phe Gly Gln Asp Val Lys Gly Thr Asp Leu Gln Met Met
     50                  55                  60
Ser Asn Asn Leu Thr Leu Met Tyr Arg Gln Met Ile Thr Asn Ser Pro
 65                  70                  75                  80
Cys Pro Gln Leu Phe Phe Gly Lys Pro Tyr Cys Thr Glu Val Gly Pro
                 85                  90                  95
Lys Pro Gly Gln Gly Ala Ile Glu Asn Ile Pro His Thr Pro Val His
            100                 105                 110
Ile Trp Val Gly Ser Lys Pro Asn Glu Asn Asn Cys Lys Asn Gly Glu
        115                 120                 125
Asp Met Gly Asn Phe Tyr Ser Ala Gly Lys Asp Pro Ala Phe Tyr Ser
    130                 135                 140
His His Ala Asn Val Asp Arg Met Trp Thr Ile Trp Lys Thr Leu Gly
145                 150                 155                 160
Gly Lys Arg Lys Asp Ile Asn Lys Pro Asp Tyr Leu Asn Thr Glu Phe
                165                 170                 175
Phe Phe Tyr Asp Glu
            180
 
           
             11 
             673 
             DNA 
             tobacco 
             
               CDS 
               (3)..(671) 
             
           
            11
tg cac tgt gcg tat tgc aac ggt gct tac aaa att ggt ggc aaa gag        47
   His Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asn Gly Ala Tyr Lys Ile Gly Gly Lys Glu
     1               5                  10                  15
tta caa gtc cat ttc tcg tgg ctt ttt ttc cct ttt cat aga tgg tac       95
Leu Gln Val His Phe Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe Pro Phe His Arg Trp Tyr
                 20                  25                  30
ttg tac ttc tat gaa aga atc ttg ggc tct tta att aat gat cct act      143
Leu Tyr Phe Tyr Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Ser Leu Ile Asn Asp Pro Thr
             35                  40                  45
ttt ggt ttg cca tat tgg aac tgg gac cat cca aag ggc atg cgt ata      191
Phe Gly Leu Pro Tyr Trp Asn Trp Asp His Pro Lys Gly Met Arg Ile
         50                  55                  60
cct ccc atg ttc gat cgt gaa ggg tct tcc ctt tac gac gaa aaa cgt      239
Pro Pro Met Phe Asp Arg Glu Gly Ser Ser Leu Tyr Asp Glu Lys Arg
     65                  70                  75
aac caa agt cac cgt aat gga acc ata att gat ctt ggt cat ttc ggt      287
Asn Gln Ser His Arg Asn Gly Thr Ile Ile Asp Leu Gly His Phe Gly
 80                  85                  90                  95
caa gaa gtc caa aca act caa ctg cag cag atg act aat aac tta act      335
Gln Glu Val Gln Thr Thr Gln Leu Gln Gln Met Thr Asn Asn Leu Thr
                100                 105                 110
ata atg tat cgt caa atg ata act aat gct cct tgc ccc ttg ctc ttc      383
Ile Met Tyr Arg Gln Met Ile Thr Asn Ala Pro Cys Pro Leu Leu Phe
            115                 120                 125
ttt ggt cag cct tac cct cta gga act gat ccc agt cca ggg atg ggc      431
Phe Gly Gln Pro Tyr Pro Leu Gly Thr Asp Pro Ser Pro Gly Met Gly
        130                 135                 140
act att gaa aac atc cct cat act cct gtc cac att tgg gtt ggt agt      479
Thr Ile Glu Asn Ile Pro His Thr Pro Val His Ile Trp Val Gly Ser
    145                 150                 155
agg ctt gat gag aat aat acg aaa cac ggt gag gat atg ggt aat ttt      527
Arg Leu Asp Glu Asn Asn Thr Lys His Gly Glu Asp Met Gly Asn Phe
160                 165                 170                 175
tac tcg gcc ggt tta gac ccg ctt ttc tat tcc cat cac gcc aat gtg      575
Tyr Ser Ala Gly Leu Asp Pro Leu Phe Tyr Ser His His Ala Asn Val
                180                 185                 190
gac cgg atg tgg tcc gag tgg aaa gcc tta gga ggg aaa aga agg gat      623
Asp Arg Met Trp Ser Glu Trp Lys Ala Leu Gly Gly Lys Arg Arg Asp
            195                 200                 205
ctc acg cac aaa gat tgg ttg aac tcc gag ttc ttt ttc tac gat gaa      671
Leu Thr His Lys Asp Trp Leu Asn Ser Glu Phe Phe Phe Tyr Asp Glu
        210                 215                 220
aa                                                                   673
 
           
             12 
             223 
             PRT 
             tobacco 
           
            12
His Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asn Gly Ala Tyr Lys Ile Gly Gly Lys Glu Leu
  1               5                  10                  15
Gln Val His Phe Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe Pro Phe His Arg Trp Tyr Leu
             20                  25                  30
Tyr Phe Tyr Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Ser Leu Ile Asn Asp Pro Thr Phe
         35                  40                  45
Gly Leu Pro Tyr Trp Asn Trp Asp His Pro Lys Gly Met Arg Ile Pro
     50                  55                  60
Pro Met Phe Asp Arg Glu Gly Ser Ser Leu Tyr Asp Glu Lys Arg Asn
 65                  70                  75                  80
Gln Ser His Arg Asn Gly Thr Ile Ile Asp Leu Gly His Phe Gly Gln
                 85                  90                  95
Glu Val Gln Thr Thr Gln Leu Gln Gln Met Thr Asn Asn Leu Thr Ile
            100                 105                 110
Met Tyr Arg Gln Met Ile Thr Asn Ala Pro Cys Pro Leu Leu Phe Phe
        115                 120                 125
Gly Gln Pro Tyr Pro Leu Gly Thr Asp Pro Ser Pro Gly Met Gly Thr
    130                 135                 140
Ile Glu Asn Ile Pro His Thr Pro Val His Ile Trp Val Gly Ser Arg
145                 150                 155                 160
Leu Asp Glu Asn Asn Thr Lys His Gly Glu Asp Met Gly Asn Phe Tyr
                165                 170                 175
Ser Ala Gly Leu Asp Pro Leu Phe Tyr Ser His His Ala Asn Val Asp
            180                 185                 190
Arg Met Trp Ser Glu Trp Lys Ala Leu Gly Gly Lys Arg Arg Asp Leu
        195                 200                 205
Thr His Lys Asp Trp Leu Asn Ser Glu Phe Phe Phe Tyr Asp Glu
    210                 215                 220
 
           
             13 
             685 
             DNA 
             tobacco 
             
               CDS 
               (3)..(683) 
             
           
            13
tg cat tgt gcg tat tgc aac gat gct tac aca atg ggt gac caa aag        47
   His Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asn Asp Ala Tyr Thr Met Gly Asp Gln Lys
     1               5                  10                  15
tta caa gtt cac caa tcg tgg ctt ttc ttc ccg ttt cat aga tgg tac       95
Leu Gln Val His Gln Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe Pro Phe His Arg Trp Tyr
                 20                  25                  30
ttg tac ttc tac gag aga atc ttg ggc tcc ctc atc gat gat cca act      143
Leu Tyr Phe Tyr Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Ser Leu Ile Asp Asp Pro Thr
             35                  40                  45
ttt gct ctg cca tat tgg aac tgg gac cat cca agc ggc atg cgt ttg      191
Phe Ala Leu Pro Tyr Trp Asn Trp Asp His Pro Ser Gly Met Arg Leu
         50                  55                  60
cct gct atg ttc gat gtc gaa ggt tct tcc ctc tac gat gca aga cgt      239
Pro Ala Met Phe Asp Val Glu Gly Ser Ser Leu Tyr Asp Ala Arg Arg
     65                  70                  75
aat cca cat gtc cgt aat gga acc ata atc gat ctt ggt ttt ttc ggt      287
Asn Pro His Val Arg Asn Gly Thr Ile Ile Asp Leu Gly Phe Phe Gly
 80                  85                  90                  95
gat gaa gtc aaa act aat gaa ata cag atg ata act aac aac tta att      335
Asp Glu Val Lys Thr Asn Glu Ile Gln Met Ile Thr Asn Asn Leu Ile
                100                 105                 110
cta atg tat cgt caa atg ata act aat gct cca tgc ccg ctg ttg ttc      383
Leu Met Tyr Arg Gln Met Ile Thr Asn Ala Pro Cys Pro Leu Leu Phe
            115                 120                 125
ttc gga gag cct tac aga ttc gga tct aaa ccc aat ccg ggg cag gga      431
Phe Gly Glu Pro Tyr Arg Phe Gly Ser Lys Pro Asn Pro Gly Gln Gly
        130                 135                 140
acc att gaa aac att cct cat act ccg gtt cac att tgg act ggt act      479
Thr Ile Glu Asn Ile Pro His Thr Pro Val His Ile Trp Thr Gly Thr
    145                 150                 155
gtg cgg tgt acg gat ttg ggt aat tgt gtg cca tca tac ggt gag gat      527
Val Arg Cys Thr Asp Leu Gly Asn Cys Val Pro Ser Tyr Gly Glu Asp
160                 165                 170                 175
atg ggt aat ttc tac tca gct ggt tta gac cca gtt ttt tac agc cac      575
Met Gly Asn Phe Tyr Ser Ala Gly Leu Asp Pro Val Phe Tyr Ser His
                180                 185                 190
cac gcc aat gtg gac cgc atg tgg aat gaa tgg aaa gca cta gga ggg      623
His Ala Asn Val Asp Arg Met Trp Asn Glu Trp Lys Ala Leu Gly Gly
            195                 200                 205
aaa aga agg gat ctc aca gac aat gat tgg tta aac tcg gag ttc ttt      671
Lys Arg Arg Asp Leu Thr Asp Asn Asp Trp Leu Asn Ser Glu Phe Phe
        210                 215                 220
ttc tac gac gaa aa                                                   685
Phe Tyr Asp Glu
    225
 
           
             14 
             227 
             PRT 
             tobacco 
           
            14
His Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asn Asp Ala Tyr Thr Met Gly Asp Gln Lys Leu
  1               5                  10                  15
Gln Val His Gln Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe Pro Phe His Arg Trp Tyr Leu
             20                  25                  30
Tyr Phe Tyr Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Ser Leu Ile Asp Asp Pro Thr Phe
         35                  40                  45
Ala Leu Pro Tyr Trp Asn Trp Asp His Pro Ser Gly Met Arg Leu Pro
     50                  55                  60
Ala Met Phe Asp Val Glu Gly Ser Ser Leu Tyr Asp Ala Arg Arg Asn
 65                  70                  75                  80
Pro His Val Arg Asn Gly Thr Ile Ile Asp Leu Gly Phe Phe Gly Asp
                 85                  90                  95
Glu Val Lys Thr Asn Glu Ile Gln Met Ile Thr Asn Asn Leu Ile Leu
            100                 105                 110
Met Tyr Arg Gln Met Ile Thr Asn Ala Pro Cys Pro Leu Leu Phe Phe
        115                 120                 125
Gly Glu Pro Tyr Arg Phe Gly Ser Lys Pro Asn Pro Gly Gln Gly Thr
    130                 135                 140
Ile Glu Asn Ile Pro His Thr Pro Val His Ile Trp Thr Gly Thr Val
145                 150                 155                 160
Arg Cys Thr Asp Leu Gly Asn Cys Val Pro Ser Tyr Gly Glu Asp Met
                165                 170                 175
Gly Asn Phe Tyr Ser Ala Gly Leu Asp Pro Val Phe Tyr Ser His His
            180                 185                 190
Ala Asn Val Asp Arg Met Trp Asn Glu Trp Lys Ala Leu Gly Gly Lys
        195                 200                 205
Arg Arg Asp Leu Thr Asp Asn Asp Trp Leu Asn Ser Glu Phe Phe Phe
    210                 215                 220
Tyr Asp Glu
225
 
           
             15 
             670 
             DNA 
             pineapple 
             
               CDS 
               (3)..(668) 
             
           
            15
tg cat tgt gcg tac tgc gac ggc gcg tat gac caa atc ggc ttc ccc        47
   His Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asp Gly Ala Tyr Asp Gln Ile Gly Phe Pro
     1               5                  10                  15
gat ctc gag atc cag atc cac aac tcg tgg ctc ttc ttt cct tgg cac       95
Asp Leu Glu Ile Gln Ile His Asn Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe Pro Trp His
                 20                  25                  30
cgg ttc tac ctc tac ttc aac gag cgc ata ctc ggg aaa ctt atc ggc      143
Arg Phe Tyr Leu Tyr Phe Asn Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Lys Leu Ile Gly
             35                  40                  45
gac gac acg ttc gcg ctg cct ttc tgg aac tgg gac gcg ccg ggg ggc      191
Asp Asp Thr Phe Ala Leu Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Ala Pro Gly Gly
         50                  55                  60
atg cag ttc ccg tct atc tac acg gac cct tca tcc tcg cta tat gac      239
Met Gln Phe Pro Ser Ile Tyr Thr Asp Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Tyr Asp
     65                  70                  75
aag ctg cgt gat gcg aag cac cag ccg ccg act ttg att gac ctc gac      287
Lys Leu Arg Asp Ala Lys His Gln Pro Pro Thr Leu Ile Asp Leu Asp
 80                  85                  90                  95
tac aat ggc acc gat cct acc ttc tcc cct gaa gaa cag att aac cac      335
Tyr Asn Gly Thr Asp Pro Thr Phe Ser Pro Glu Glu Gln Ile Asn His
                100                 105                 110
aac ctc gcc gtc atg tac cga cag gtg ata tcc agt gga aag aca cca      383
Asn Leu Ala Val Met Tyr Arg Gln Val Ile Ser Ser Gly Lys Thr Pro
            115                 120                 125
gag ctg ttt atg ggc tca gcg tac cgc gcc ggt gac cag cct gac ccc      431
Glu Leu Phe Met Gly Ser Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Gln Pro Asp Pro
        130                 135                 140
ggc gca ggt tct gta gag cag aag ccg cac ggc ccg gtg cat gtg tgg      479
Gly Ala Gly Ser Val Glu Gln Lys Pro His Gly Pro Val His Val Trp
    145                 150                 155
aca ggt gat cgc aac cag ccc aat cgc gaa gac atg ggc acg ctc tac      527
Thr Gly Asp Arg Asn Gln Pro Asn Arg Glu Asp Met Gly Thr Leu Tyr
160                 165                 170                 175
tcg gcg gcg tgg gac ccc gtt ttt ttc gca cac cac ggc aac atc gac      575
Ser Ala Ala Trp Asp Pro Val Phe Phe Ala His His Gly Asn Ile Asp
                180                 185                 190
cgc atg tgg tac gtg tgg agg aac ctt ggc ggc aag cac cgc aac ttc      623
Arg Met Trp Tyr Val Trp Arg Asn Leu Gly Gly Lys His Arg Asn Phe
            195                 200                 205
acc gac ccc gac tgg ctc aac gcg tcc ttc ctg ttc tac gac gaa aa       670
Thr Asp Pro Asp Trp Leu Asn Ala Ser Phe Leu Phe Tyr Asp Glu
        210                 215                 220
 
           
             16 
             222 
             PRT 
             pineapple 
           
            16
His Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asp Gly Ala Tyr Asp Gln Ile Gly Phe Pro Asp
  1               5                  10                  15
Leu Glu Ile Gln Ile His Asn Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe Pro Trp His Arg
             20                  25                  30
Phe Tyr Leu Tyr Phe Asn Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Lys Leu Ile Gly Asp
         35                  40                  45
Asp Thr Phe Ala Leu Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Ala Pro Gly Gly Met
     50                  55                  60
Gln Phe Pro Ser Ile Tyr Thr Asp Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Tyr Asp Lys
 65                  70                  75                  80
Leu Arg Asp Ala Lys His Gln Pro Pro Thr Leu Ile Asp Leu Asp Tyr
                 85                  90                  95
Asn Gly Thr Asp Pro Thr Phe Ser Pro Glu Glu Gln Ile Asn His Asn
            100                 105                 110
Leu Ala Val Met Tyr Arg Gln Val Ile Ser Ser Gly Lys Thr Pro Glu
        115                 120                 125
Leu Phe Met Gly Ser Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Gln Pro Asp Pro Gly
    130                 135                 140
Ala Gly Ser Val Glu Gln Lys Pro His Gly Pro Val His Val Trp Thr
145                 150                 155                 160
Gly Asp Arg Asn Gln Pro Asn Arg Glu Asp Met Gly Thr Leu Tyr Ser
                165                 170                 175
Ala Ala Trp Asp Pro Val Phe Phe Ala His His Gly Asn Ile Asp Arg
            180                 185                 190
Met Trp Tyr Val Trp Arg Asn Leu Gly Gly Lys His Arg Asn Phe Thr
        195                 200                 205
Asp Pro Asp Trp Leu Asn Ala Ser Phe Leu Phe Tyr Asp Glu
    210                 215                 220
 
           
             17 
             1319 
             DNA 
             pineapple 
             
               CDS 
               (1)..(1053) 
             
           
            17
ttg ccg ttt tgg aat tgg gac gcg ccg ggg ggc atg cag atc ccg gcc       48
Leu Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Ala Pro Gly Gly Met Gln Ile Pro Ala
  1               5                  10                  15
atc tac gcc gac gct tcg tcc ccg ctc tac gac aag ctg cgc aat gcg       96
Ile Tyr Ala Asp Ala Ser Ser Pro Leu Tyr Asp Lys Leu Arg Asn Ala
             20                  25                  30
aag cac cag ccg ccg act ttg gtc gac ctc gac tac aac ggc acc gac      144
Lys His Gln Pro Pro Thr Leu Val Asp Leu Asp Tyr Asn Gly Thr Asp
         35                  40                  45
ccg acc ttc acc cct gag cag cag atc gcc cac aac ctc acc atc atg      192
Pro Thr Phe Thr Pro Glu Gln Gln Ile Ala His Asn Leu Thr Ile Met
     50                  55                  60
tac cga cag gtg ata tcc ggc ggg aag acg ccg gag ttg ttt atg ggc      240
Tyr Arg Gln Val Ile Ser Gly Gly Lys Thr Pro Glu Leu Phe Met Gly
 65                  70                  75                  80
gcg gcg tac cgc gcg ggc gac gcg cca gac ccg ggc gca ggc act cta      288
Ala Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Ala Pro Asp Pro Gly Ala Gly Thr Leu
                 85                  90                  95
gag ctc gtg ccg cac aac acg atg cat ttg tgg acc ggc gac ccc aac      336
Glu Leu Val Pro His Asn Thr Met His Leu Trp Thr Gly Asp Pro Asn
            100                 105                 110
caa ccc aac gac gaa gac atg ggc acg ttc tac gcg gcg gcg cgg gac      384
Gln Pro Asn Asp Glu Asp Met Gly Thr Phe Tyr Ala Ala Ala Arg Asp
        115                 120                 125
ccc atc ttc ttc gcc cac cac ggc aac gtc gac cgc atg tgg tac gtg      432
Pro Ile Phe Phe Ala His His Gly Asn Val Asp Arg Met Trp Tyr Val
    130                 135                 140
tgg cgg aaa ctc ggg ggc acg cac cgc gat ttc acc gac ccc gac tgg      480
Trp Arg Lys Leu Gly Gly Thr His Arg Asp Phe Thr Asp Pro Asp Trp
145                 150                 155                 160
ctc aac gcg tcc ttc ctc ttc tac gac gag aac gcg cag ctc gtc cgc      528
Leu Asn Ala Ser Phe Leu Phe Tyr Asp Glu Asn Ala Gln Leu Val Arg
                165                 170                 175
gtc aaa gta aag gac tgc ttg agc gcc gac gcg ctg cgg tac acg tac      576
Val Lys Val Lys Asp Cys Leu Ser Ala Asp Ala Leu Arg Tyr Thr Tyr
            180                 185                 190
cag gac gtc gac atc ccg tgg atc agt gcg aag ccg acg ccg aag aaa      624
Gln Asp Val Asp Ile Pro Trp Ile Ser Ala Lys Pro Thr Pro Lys Lys
        195                 200                 205
aca ccg ggg ggc gct gcg cct tcc acg aca gag gct ata ttt ccg gtg      672
Thr Pro Gly Gly Ala Ala Pro Ser Thr Thr Glu Ala Ile Phe Pro Val
    210                 215                 220
gtg ctg gat aag ccg gtg agc tct acg gtg gcg agg ccg aag acg ggg      720
Val Leu Asp Lys Pro Val Ser Ser Thr Val Ala Arg Pro Lys Thr Gly
225                 230                 235                 240
agg agt act ggg gag gag gag gtg ttg gtg gtg gag gga atc gag ctg      768
Arg Ser Thr Gly Glu Glu Glu Val Leu Val Val Glu Gly Ile Glu Leu
                245                 250                 255
gac aag gac gtg gcc gtg aag ttc gac gtg tat ata aac gcg ccg gac      816
Asp Lys Asp Val Ala Val Lys Phe Asp Val Tyr Ile Asn Ala Pro Asp
            260                 265                 270
aac gaa ggg gtg ggg ccg gag gcg agc gag ttc gca ggg agc ttc gtc      864
Asn Glu Gly Val Gly Pro Glu Ala Ser Glu Phe Ala Gly Ser Phe Val
        275                 280                 285
cag gtg ccg cac aag cac aag aag ggg aag aag gag aag gcg agg att      912
Gln Val Pro His Lys His Lys Lys Gly Lys Lys Glu Lys Ala Arg Ile
    290                 295                 300
aaa acg acg ctc agg ctc ggg ata acg gac ctg ctc gag gac atc ggc      960
Lys Thr Thr Leu Arg Leu Gly Ile Thr Asp Leu Leu Glu Asp Ile Gly
305                 310                 315                 320
gcc gag gac gac gag agc gtg ctc gtc acg ctc gtg ccg agg ata ggc     1008
Ala Glu Asp Asp Glu Ser Val Leu Val Thr Leu Val Pro Arg Ile Gly
                325                 330                 335
gag ggg ttg gtc aag gtt ggt ggg cta agg atc gat ttc tcc aag         1053
Glu Gly Leu Val Lys Val Gly Gly Leu Arg Ile Asp Phe Ser Lys
            340                 345                 350
tgatcagcag caaattaact atacatgaaa gtaaaaaaaa ttgcatttac ctacctatag   1113
aagagaataa atgcgtatgt aatctgcccc atttgtcact tttaatttct cgagcgtgtt   1173
ctgaatgaga gttgcatgca tgcgcgcagc cataatgcct ggtatagtgt agtagtttag   1233
gcgtggatac gtataacgta cgtatgcatg tataaggaat aatgatgagt ttactatgca   1293
aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaa                                        1319
 
           
             18 
             351 
             PRT 
             pineapple 
           
            18
Leu Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Ala Pro Gly Gly Met Gln Ile Pro Ala
  1               5                  10                  15
Ile Tyr Ala Asp Ala Ser Ser Pro Leu Tyr Asp Lys Leu Arg Asn Ala
             20                  25                  30
Lys His Gln Pro Pro Thr Leu Val Asp Leu Asp Tyr Asn Gly Thr Asp
         35                  40                  45
Pro Thr Phe Thr Pro Glu Gln Gln Ile Ala His Asn Leu Thr Ile Met
     50                  55                  60
Tyr Arg Gln Val Ile Ser Gly Gly Lys Thr Pro Glu Leu Phe Met Gly
 65                  70                  75                  80
Ala Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Ala Pro Asp Pro Gly Ala Gly Thr Leu
                 85                  90                  95
Glu Leu Val Pro His Asn Thr Met His Leu Trp Thr Gly Asp Pro Asn
            100                 105                 110
Gln Pro Asn Asp Glu Asp Met Gly Thr Phe Tyr Ala Ala Ala Arg Asp
        115                 120                 125
Pro Ile Phe Phe Ala His His Gly Asn Val Asp Arg Met Trp Tyr Val
    130                 135                 140
Trp Arg Lys Leu Gly Gly Thr His Arg Asp Phe Thr Asp Pro Asp Trp
145                 150                 155                 160
Leu Asn Ala Ser Phe Leu Phe Tyr Asp Glu Asn Ala Gln Leu Val Arg
                165                 170                 175
Val Lys Val Lys Asp Cys Leu Ser Ala Asp Ala Leu Arg Tyr Thr Tyr
            180                 185                 190
Gln Asp Val Asp Ile Pro Trp Ile Ser Ala Lys Pro Thr Pro Lys Lys
        195                 200                 205
Thr Pro Gly Gly Ala Ala Pro Ser Thr Thr Glu Ala Ile Phe Pro Val
    210                 215                 220
Val Leu Asp Lys Pro Val Ser Ser Thr Val Ala Arg Pro Lys Thr Gly
225                 230                 235                 240
Arg Ser Thr Gly Glu Glu Glu Val Leu Val Val Glu Gly Ile Glu Leu
                245                 250                 255
Asp Lys Asp Val Ala Val Lys Phe Asp Val Tyr Ile Asn Ala Pro Asp
            260                 265                 270
Asn Glu Gly Val Gly Pro Glu Ala Ser Glu Phe Ala Gly Ser Phe Val
        275                 280                 285
Gln Val Pro His Lys His Lys Lys Gly Lys Lys Glu Lys Ala Arg Ile
    290                 295                 300
Lys Thr Thr Leu Arg Leu Gly Ile Thr Asp Leu Leu Glu Asp Ile Gly
305                 310                 315                 320
Ala Glu Asp Asp Glu Ser Val Leu Val Thr Leu Val Pro Arg Ile Gly
                325                 330                 335
Glu Gly Leu Val Lys Val Gly Gly Leu Arg Ile Asp Phe Ser Lys
            340                 345                 350
 
           
             19 
             2181 
             DNA 
             pineapple 
             
               CDS 
               (2)..(1858) 
             
           
            19
c ggt atc gat aag ctt gat cca gtg cct ggt tta ggt gta ttc act atg     49
  Gly Ile Asp Lys Leu Asp Pro Val Pro Gly Leu Gly Val Phe Thr Met
    1               5                  10                  15
gcc acc ctc tct aaa cta gct tcc caa cca ata aca cct cca ctc tcc       97
Ala Thr Leu Ser Lys Leu Ala Ser Gln Pro Ile Thr Pro Pro Leu Ser
             20                  25                  30
ccg ctc cct cct ttg cat gct cct tct ctc acc aaa agc ttc acc acc      145
Pro Leu Pro Pro Leu His Ala Pro Ser Leu Thr Lys Ser Phe Thr Thr
         35                  40                  45
acc ttc ctc tcc cct gta ggg gtc cca aac cac ccc gtc ata aga tct      193
Thr Phe Leu Ser Pro Val Gly Val Pro Asn His Pro Val Ile Arg Ser
     50                  55                  60
cat gca aat cta agg agc aac aag aga atg ccg aca agc ctg cgg gcc      241
His Ala Asn Leu Arg Ser Asn Lys Arg Met Pro Thr Ser Leu Arg Ala
 65                  70                  75                  80
gca tcg ccc gcc gcg acc tac tcc tgg gcc ctc ggc ggg ctt tac ggt      289
Ala Ser Pro Ala Ala Thr Tyr Ser Trp Ala Leu Gly Gly Leu Tyr Gly
                 85                  90                  95
gcc acc act ggg ctc ggc ctc aac cgt cga gcg gcc gcc gcc cct atc      337
Ala Thr Thr Gly Leu Gly Leu Asn Arg Arg Ala Ala Ala Ala Pro Ile
            100                 105                 110
ctg gct ccc gac ctc tca act tgt ggg ccg cct gcc gac ctc cct gcc      385
Leu Ala Pro Asp Leu Ser Thr Cys Gly Pro Pro Ala Asp Leu Pro Ala
        115                 120                 125
tcc gcc cga ccg aca gtt tgc tgc ccg cca tac caa tcc acc atc atc      433
Ser Ala Arg Pro Thr Val Cys Cys Pro Pro Tyr Gln Ser Thr Ile Ile
    130                 135                 140
gac ttc aag ctc ccc ccg cga tct gct ccg ctt cgc gtc cgg cct gcg      481
Asp Phe Lys Leu Pro Pro Arg Ser Ala Pro Leu Arg Val Arg Pro Ala
145                 150                 155                 160
gcc cac ttg gtt gac gcc gac tac ctg gcc aag tat aag aag gcg gtc      529
Ala His Leu Val Asp Ala Asp Tyr Leu Ala Lys Tyr Lys Lys Ala Val
                165                 170                 175
gag ctc atg agg gcc ctg ccg gcc gac gac ccg cgc aac ttc gta cag      577
Glu Leu Met Arg Ala Leu Pro Ala Asp Asp Pro Arg Asn Phe Val Gln
            180                 185                 190
caa gcg aaa gtg cac tgt gcg tat tgc gac ggc gcg tat gac caa atc      625
Gln Ala Lys Val His Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asp Gly Ala Tyr Asp Gln Ile
        195                 200                 205
ggc ttc ccc gat ctc gag atc cag atc cac aac tcg tgg ctc ttc ttt      673
Gly Phe Pro Asp Leu Glu Ile Gln Ile His Asn Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe
    210                 215                 220
cct tgg cac cgg ttc tac ctc tac tcc aac gag cgc ata ctc ggg aaa      721
Pro Trp His Arg Phe Tyr Leu Tyr Ser Asn Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Lys
225                 230                 235                 240
ctt atc ggc gac gac acg ttc gcg ctg cct ttc tgg aac tgg gac gcg      769
Leu Ile Gly Asp Asp Thr Phe Ala Leu Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Ala
                245                 250                 255
ccg ggg ggc atg cag ttc ccg tct atc tac aca gac cct tca tcc tcg      817
Pro Gly Gly Met Gln Phe Pro Ser Ile Tyr Thr Asp Pro Ser Ser Ser
            260                 265                 270
cta tat gac aag ctg cgt gat gcg aag cac cag ccg ccg act ttg att      865
Leu Tyr Asp Lys Leu Arg Asp Ala Lys His Gln Pro Pro Thr Leu Ile
        275                 280                 285
gac ctc gac tac aat ggc acc gat cct acc ttc tcc cct gaa gaa cag      913
Asp Leu Asp Tyr Asn Gly Thr Asp Pro Thr Phe Ser Pro Glu Glu Gln
    290                 295                 300
att aac cac aac ctc gcc gtc atg tac cga cag gtg ata tcc agt gga      961
Ile Asn His Asn Leu Ala Val Met Tyr Arg Gln Val Ile Ser Ser Gly
305                 310                 315                 320
aag acg cca gag ctg ttt atg ggc tca gcg tac cgc gcc ggt gac cag     1009
Lys Thr Pro Glu Leu Phe Met Gly Ser Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Gln
                325                 330                 335
cct gac ccc ggc gca ggc tct gta gag cag aag ccg cac ggc ccg gtg     1057
Pro Asp Pro Gly Ala Gly Ser Val Glu Gln Lys Pro His Gly Pro Val
            340                 345                 350
cat gtg tgg aca ggt gat cgc aac cag ccc aat cgc gaa gac atg ggc     1105
His Val Trp Thr Gly Asp Arg Asn Gln Pro Asn Arg Glu Asp Met Gly
        355                 360                 365
acg ctc tac tcg gcg gcg tgg gac ccc gtc ttc ttc gca cac cac ggc     1153
Thr Leu Tyr Ser Ala Ala Trp Asp Pro Val Phe Phe Ala His His Gly
    370                 375                 380
aac atc gac cgc atg tgg tac gtg tgg agg aac ctt ggc ggc aag cac     1201
Asn Ile Asp Arg Met Trp Tyr Val Trp Arg Asn Leu Gly Gly Lys His
385                 390                 395                 400
cgc aac ttc acc gac ccc gac tgg ctc aac gcg tcc ttc ctg ttc tat     1249
Arg Asn Phe Thr Asp Pro Asp Trp Leu Asn Ala Ser Phe Leu Phe Tyr
                405                 410                 415
gat gag aat gcg cag ctc gtc cgt gtt aaa gta aaa gac tgc tta gag     1297
Asp Glu Asn Ala Gln Leu Val Arg Val Lys Val Lys Asp Cys Leu Glu
            420                 425                 430
gcc gac gca atg cgg tac aca tac cag gat gta gag atc ccg tgg ctc     1345
Ala Asp Ala Met Arg Tyr Thr Tyr Gln Asp Val Glu Ile Pro Trp Leu
        435                 440                 445
aaa gca aag ccg acg cca aag agc gcc cta cag aag ata aag agc aag     1393
Lys Ala Lys Pro Thr Pro Lys Ser Ala Leu Gln Lys Ile Lys Ser Lys
    450                 455                 460
gta tcg acg ctg aag gca aca cca agg ggg acg acg act acc aca gca     1441
Val Ser Thr Leu Lys Ala Thr Pro Arg Gly Thr Thr Thr Thr Thr Ala
465                 470                 475                 480
gag act aca ttt ccg gtg gtg ctg gat aag ccg gtg agt gca aca gtg     1489
Glu Thr Thr Phe Pro Val Val Leu Asp Lys Pro Val Ser Ala Thr Val
                485                 490                 495
gct aga ccg aag gcc agg agg agt ggg aag gag aag gaa gaa gag gag     1537
Ala Arg Pro Lys Ala Arg Arg Ser Gly Lys Glu Lys Glu Glu Glu Glu
            500                 505                 510
gag gtg ttg gtg gtg gag gga atc gag ttg gag aag gac gtg ttc gtg     1585
Glu Val Leu Val Val Glu Gly Ile Glu Leu Glu Lys Asp Val Phe Val
        515                 520                 525
aag ttt gat gtg tat ata aac tcg ccg gag cac gaa ggg gtg ggg ccg     1633
Lys Phe Asp Val Tyr Ile Asn Ser Pro Glu His Glu Gly Val Gly Pro
    530                 535                 540
gag gcg agt gag ttc gca ggg agc ttc gtc cac gtg cca cac aag cac     1681
Glu Ala Ser Glu Phe Ala Gly Ser Phe Val His Val Pro His Lys His
545                 550                 555                 560
aag aag gcg aag aag ggg aag gag atg gcc agg atg aac aca agg ctt     1729
Lys Lys Ala Lys Lys Gly Lys Glu Met Ala Arg Met Asn Thr Arg Leu
                565                 570                 575
aag ctc ggg ata acg gac ctg ctc gag gac atc ggc gct gag gac gac     1777
Lys Leu Gly Ile Thr Asp Leu Leu Glu Asp Ile Gly Ala Glu Asp Asp
            580                 585                 590
gag agc gtg ctc atc acg ctc gtg ccc agg agc ggc aag gga atg gtg     1825
Glu Ser Val Leu Ile Thr Leu Val Pro Arg Ser Gly Lys Gly Met Val
        595                 600                 605
aag gtt gga ggg cta agg att gat ttc tcc aag tgatgagcat attgtgaaga   1878
Lys Val Gly Gly Leu Arg Ile Asp Phe Ser Lys
    610                 615
gaaaatttgc atttaccgcc ctatagaatc gaaaaattgc gtatatgtcc cattattgtt   1938
ttttttattc ttcaagcgta ttcagaataa gagttgcgtg catgcacgca tgcagccatg   1998
ttgttgtagt cgatatgtgg ggtatgtttg gatcagggat aatgatgtga actttgaatt   2058
aattattaca ctctgagaat aaattagaga gtttattatg caagttgctt ggtgtaatag   2118
atattcaaca ttgtttccta tacatctttt tttggaagaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaatc   2178
gat                                                                 2181
 
           
             20 
             619 
             PRT 
             pineapple 
           
            20
Gly Ile Asp Lys Leu Asp Pro Val Pro Gly Leu Gly Val Phe Thr Met
  1               5                  10                  15
Ala Thr Leu Ser Lys Leu Ala Ser Gln Pro Ile Thr Pro Pro Leu Ser
             20                  25                  30
Pro Leu Pro Pro Leu His Ala Pro Ser Leu Thr Lys Ser Phe Thr Thr
         35                  40                  45
Thr Phe Leu Ser Pro Val Gly Val Pro Asn His Pro Val Ile Arg Ser
     50                  55                  60
His Ala Asn Leu Arg Ser Asn Lys Arg Met Pro Thr Ser Leu Arg Ala
 65                  70                  75                  80
Ala Ser Pro Ala Ala Thr Tyr Ser Trp Ala Leu Gly Gly Leu Tyr Gly
                 85                  90                  95
Ala Thr Thr Gly Leu Gly Leu Asn Arg Arg Ala Ala Ala Ala Pro Ile
            100                 105                 110
Leu Ala Pro Asp Leu Ser Thr Cys Gly Pro Pro Ala Asp Leu Pro Ala
        115                 120                 125
Ser Ala Arg Pro Thr Val Cys Cys Pro Pro Tyr Gln Ser Thr Ile Ile
    130                 135                 140
Asp Phe Lys Leu Pro Pro Arg Ser Ala Pro Leu Arg Val Arg Pro Ala
145                 150                 155                 160
Ala His Leu Val Asp Ala Asp Tyr Leu Ala Lys Tyr Lys Lys Ala Val
                165                 170                 175
Glu Leu Met Arg Ala Leu Pro Ala Asp Asp Pro Arg Asn Phe Val Gln
            180                 185                 190
Gln Ala Lys Val His Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asp Gly Ala Tyr Asp Gln Ile
        195                 200                 205
Gly Phe Pro Asp Leu Glu Ile Gln Ile His Asn Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe
    210                 215                 220
Pro Trp His Arg Phe Tyr Leu Tyr Ser Asn Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Lys
225                 230                 235                 240
Leu Ile Gly Asp Asp Thr Phe Ala Leu Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Ala
                245                 250                 255
Pro Gly Gly Met Gln Phe Pro Ser Ile Tyr Thr Asp Pro Ser Ser Ser
            260                 265                 270
Leu Tyr Asp Lys Leu Arg Asp Ala Lys His Gln Pro Pro Thr Leu Ile
        275                 280                 285
Asp Leu Asp Tyr Asn Gly Thr Asp Pro Thr Phe Ser Pro Glu Glu Gln
    290                 295                 300
Ile Asn His Asn Leu Ala Val Met Tyr Arg Gln Val Ile Ser Ser Gly
305                 310                 315                 320
Lys Thr Pro Glu Leu Phe Met Gly Ser Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Gln
                325                 330                 335
Pro Asp Pro Gly Ala Gly Ser Val Glu Gln Lys Pro His Gly Pro Val
            340                 345                 350
His Val Trp Thr Gly Asp Arg Asn Gln Pro Asn Arg Glu Asp Met Gly
        355                 360                 365
Thr Leu Tyr Ser Ala Ala Trp Asp Pro Val Phe Phe Ala His His Gly
    370                 375                 380
Asn Ile Asp Arg Met Trp Tyr Val Trp Arg Asn Leu Gly Gly Lys His
385                 390                 395                 400
Arg Asn Phe Thr Asp Pro Asp Trp Leu Asn Ala Ser Phe Leu Phe Tyr
                405                 410                 415
Asp Glu Asn Ala Gln Leu Val Arg Val Lys Val Lys Asp Cys Leu Glu
            420                 425                 430
Ala Asp Ala Met Arg Tyr Thr Tyr Gln Asp Val Glu Ile Pro Trp Leu
        435                 440                 445
Lys Ala Lys Pro Thr Pro Lys Ser Ala Leu Gln Lys Ile Lys Ser Lys
    450                 455                 460
Val Ser Thr Leu Lys Ala Thr Pro Arg Gly Thr Thr Thr Thr Thr Ala
465                 470                 475                 480
Glu Thr Thr Phe Pro Val Val Leu Asp Lys Pro Val Ser Ala Thr Val
                485                 490                 495
Ala Arg Pro Lys Ala Arg Arg Ser Gly Lys Glu Lys Glu Glu Glu Glu
            500                 505                 510
Glu Val Leu Val Val Glu Gly Ile Glu Leu Glu Lys Asp Val Phe Val
        515                 520                 525
Lys Phe Asp Val Tyr Ile Asn Ser Pro Glu His Glu Gly Val Gly Pro
    530                 535                 540
Glu Ala Ser Glu Phe Ala Gly Ser Phe Val His Val Pro His Lys His
545                 550                 555                 560
Lys Lys Ala Lys Lys Gly Lys Glu Met Ala Arg Met Asn Thr Arg Leu
                565                 570                 575
Lys Leu Gly Ile Thr Asp Leu Leu Glu Asp Ile Gly Ala Glu Asp Asp
            580                 585                 590
Glu Ser Val Leu Ile Thr Leu Val Pro Arg Ser Gly Lys Gly Met Val
        595                 600                 605
Lys Val Gly Gly Leu Arg Ile Asp Phe Ser Lys
    610                 615
 
           
             21 
             2078 
             DNA 
             banana 
             
               CDS 
               (53)..(1822) 
             
           
            21
cacgccaccc ttctctctct ctctctctct ggtctactga acagtaatag ac atg tcc     58
                                                          Met Ser
                                                            1
ctg ctg ttg aac tct agc ttc acc ggt gct tcc tct gca tgc ctc ctc      106
Leu Leu Leu Asn Ser Ser Phe Thr Gly Ala Ser Ser Ala Cys Leu Leu
          5                  10                  15
caa cgg gaa agg tcc cgc cgc cgc cgc ctc cac gtc cct ggc gtg aca      154
Gln Arg Glu Arg Ser Arg Arg Arg Arg Leu His Val Pro Gly Val Thr
     20                  25                  30
tgc cgc cag ggc agt aat ggt gac cgc aga gat gcc gcc ccc cag cag      202
Cys Arg Gln Gly Ser Asn Gly Asp Arg Arg Asp Ala Ala Pro Gln Gln
 35                  40                  45                  50
cag tcg ccg ccg ctg ctg gat cgg cgc gac atg ctg ttg ggt tta gga      250
Gln Ser Pro Pro Leu Leu Asp Arg Arg Asp Met Leu Leu Gly Leu Gly
                 55                  60                  65
ggg ctt tac ggc gtg acc gca gga ccc aag gtt ctg gcg gcg ccg ata      298
Gly Leu Tyr Gly Val Thr Ala Gly Pro Lys Val Leu Ala Ala Pro Ile
             70                  75                  80
atg ccg ccg gat ctg tcc aag tgc tac cct gcc acc gca cct gcc ctc      346
Met Pro Pro Asp Leu Ser Lys Cys Tyr Pro Ala Thr Ala Pro Ala Leu
         85                  90                  95
gac aac aaa tgc tgc ccg cct tac gac ccc ggc gag acg atc tcg gag      394
Asp Asn Lys Cys Cys Pro Pro Tyr Asp Pro Gly Glu Thr Ile Ser Glu
    100                 105                 110
tac agc ttc cct gct acg ccc ctc cgg gtg cgg cgg ccg gcc cat atc      442
Tyr Ser Phe Pro Ala Thr Pro Leu Arg Val Arg Arg Pro Ala His Ile
115                 120                 125                 130
gtg aag gac gat cag gag tat atg gac aag tac aag gag gca gtg agg      490
Val Lys Asp Asp Gln Glu Tyr Met Asp Lys Tyr Lys Glu Ala Val Arg
                135                 140                 145
agg atg aag aat ctg ccg gca gac cac cct tgg aac tac tac cag cag      538
Arg Met Lys Asn Leu Pro Ala Asp His Pro Trp Asn Tyr Tyr Gln Gln
            150                 155                 160
gcg aac atc cac tgc cag tat tgc aac tac gcc tac cac cag caa aat      586
Ala Asn Ile His Cys Gln Tyr Cys Asn Tyr Ala Tyr His Gln Gln Asn
        165                 170                 175
acc gac gac gtg ccc atc cag gtc cac ttc agc tgg atc ttc ctc cca      634
Thr Asp Asp Val Pro Ile Gln Val His Phe Ser Trp Ile Phe Leu Pro
    180                 185                 190
tgg cac cgc tac tac ctc cac ttc tac gaa agg atc ctc ggc aag ctc      682
Trp His Arg Tyr Tyr Leu His Phe Tyr Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Lys Leu
195                 200                 205                 210
atc gac gac gac acc ttc acc atc cca ttc tgg aac tgg gac acc aag      730
Ile Asp Asp Asp Thr Phe Thr Ile Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Thr Lys
                215                 220                 225
gac ggg atg acg ttc ccc gcc atc ttc cag gat gcg gca tcc ccg ctg      778
Asp Gly Met Thr Phe Pro Ala Ile Phe Gln Asp Ala Ala Ser Pro Leu
            230                 235                 240
tac gac ccg aga cgc gac caa cgc cac gtc aag gac ggc aag atc ctc      826
Tyr Asp Pro Arg Arg Asp Gln Arg His Val Lys Asp Gly Lys Ile Leu
        245                 250                 255
gac ctc aag tac gcc tac acc gaa aac act gca tcc gac agc gag atc      874
Asp Leu Lys Tyr Ala Tyr Thr Glu Asn Thr Ala Ser Asp Ser Glu Ile
    260                 265                 270
ata cgg gag aac ctc tgc ttc ata cag aag acg ttc aag cac agc ctg      922
Ile Arg Glu Asn Leu Cys Phe Ile Gln Lys Thr Phe Lys His Ser Leu
275                 280                 285                 290
tcg ctg gcg gaa ctg ttc atg ggg gat ccc gtg cgc gcg ggg gag aag      970
Ser Leu Ala Glu Leu Phe Met Gly Asp Pro Val Arg Ala Gly Glu Lys
                295                 300                 305
gag atc cag gag gct aat ggg cag atg gaa gtc atc cac aat gcg gcg     1018
Glu Ile Gln Glu Ala Asn Gly Gln Met Glu Val Ile His Asn Ala Ala
            310                 315                 320
cac atg tgg gtc gga gag ccg gac gga tac aag gaa aac atg ggg gac     1066
His Met Trp Val Gly Glu Pro Asp Gly Tyr Lys Glu Asn Met Gly Asp
        325                 330                 335
ttc tcc acc gcc gcc cgc gat tct gtt ttc ttc tgc cac cat tcc aat     1114
Phe Ser Thr Ala Ala Arg Asp Ser Val Phe Phe Cys His His Ser Asn
    340                 345                 350
gtc gac cgc atg tgg gac atc tac cgc aac ctc cgc ggc aac cgc gtc     1162
Val Asp Arg Met Trp Asp Ile Tyr Arg Asn Leu Arg Gly Asn Arg Val
355                 360                 365                 370
gag ttc gaa gac aac gac tgg ttg gac agc acc ttc ctc ttc cac gac     1210
Glu Phe Glu Asp Asn Asp Trp Leu Asp Ser Thr Phe Leu Phe His Asp
                375                 380                 385
gag aac gaa cag ctc gtc aaa gtc aag atg agc gac tgc ctc aac ccg     1258
Glu Asn Glu Gln Leu Val Lys Val Lys Met Ser Asp Cys Leu Asn Pro
            390                 395                 400
acc aag ctt cgg tac acg ttc gag caa gtt ccc ctc cca tgg ctg ggc     1306
Thr Lys Leu Arg Tyr Thr Phe Glu Gln Val Pro Leu Pro Trp Leu Gly
        405                 410                 415
aaa atc aat tgc cag aag acg gca gag acg aag tcc aag gcc acg acg     1354
Lys Ile Asn Cys Gln Lys Thr Ala Glu Thr Lys Ser Lys Ala Thr Thr
    420                 425                 430
gag ctg tcg ctg acg cgc gtg aac gaa ttc ggg acg acg gcc cag gca     1402
Glu Leu Ser Leu Thr Arg Val Asn Glu Phe Gly Thr Thr Ala Gln Ala
435                 440                 445                 450
ctc gac gcg agc aac ccg ctg cgg gtg atc gtg gca agg ccg aag aag     1450
Leu Asp Ala Ser Asn Pro Leu Arg Val Ile Val Ala Arg Pro Lys Lys
                455                 460                 465
aac cgc aag aag aag gag aag caa gag aag gtg ggg gtg att cag atc     1498
Asn Arg Lys Lys Lys Glu Lys Gln Glu Lys Val Gly Val Ile Gln Ile
            470                 475                 480
aag gat att aag gtg acc acc aac gag aca gct cgc ttc gac gtc tat     1546
Lys Asp Ile Lys Val Thr Thr Asn Glu Thr Ala Arg Phe Asp Val Tyr
        485                 490                 495
gtc gcg gtt cct tac ggt gac ctc gcc gga ccc gac tac ggc gag ttc     1594
Val Ala Val Pro Tyr Gly Asp Leu Ala Gly Pro Asp Tyr Gly Glu Phe
    500                 505                 510
gcg ggc agc tac gtg agg ctg gcg cat agg atg aag gga agc gac ggg     1642
Ala Gly Ser Tyr Val Arg Leu Ala His Arg Met Lys Gly Ser Asp Gly
515                 520                 525                 530
acc gaa aag cag ggc ccc aag aag aag gga aaa ctc aag ctg ggt att     1690
Thr Glu Lys Gln Gly Pro Lys Lys Lys Gly Lys Leu Lys Leu Gly Ile
                535                 540                 545
acg ccg ctg ctc gag gac atc gat gct gag gac gcc gac aag ttg gtg     1738
Thr Pro Leu Leu Glu Asp Ile Asp Ala Glu Asp Ala Asp Lys Leu Val
            550                 555                 560
gtc acc ctg gtt ctc cgc act ggg agc gtc acc gtg ggg gga gtt tcc     1786
Val Thr Leu Val Leu Arg Thr Gly Ser Val Thr Val Gly Gly Val Ser
        565                 570                 575
atc aat ctc ctg cag aca gat tct acc gcc gcc atc taaatgatgg          1832
Ile Asn Leu Leu Gln Thr Asp Ser Thr Ala Ala Ile
    580                 585                 590
cctcggatca cagcttctcc ccgcttaagt tggagtgatc gattactggt gctgctttct   1892
tcctccctgt cgttcttgct atcttcttga tctggaacga tccttcaata attagggcat   1952
gacagtagtc gtcgcccgat cccatatgta cgtgttggtc tcaacagctg tacatgtgac   2012
gttatggtgt gactatatat tttattgcgg tcatccttgt ttctttctta aaaaaaaaaa   2072
aaaaaa                                                              2078
 
           
             22 
             590 
             PRT 
             banana 
           
            22
Met Ser Leu Leu Leu Asn Ser Ser Phe Thr Gly Ala Ser Ser Ala Cys
  1               5                  10                  15
Leu Leu Gln Arg Glu Arg Ser Arg Arg Arg Arg Leu His Val Pro Gly
             20                  25                  30
Val Thr Cys Arg Gln Gly Ser Asn Gly Asp Arg Arg Asp Ala Ala Pro
         35                  40                  45
Gln Gln Gln Ser Pro Pro Leu Leu Asp Arg Arg Asp Met Leu Leu Gly
     50                  55                  60
Leu Gly Gly Leu Tyr Gly Val Thr Ala Gly Pro Lys Val Leu Ala Ala
 65                  70                  75                  80
Pro Ile Met Pro Pro Asp Leu Ser Lys Cys Tyr Pro Ala Thr Ala Pro
                 85                  90                  95
Ala Leu Asp Asn Lys Cys Cys Pro Pro Tyr Asp Pro Gly Glu Thr Ile
            100                 105                 110
Ser Glu Tyr Ser Phe Pro Ala Thr Pro Leu Arg Val Arg Arg Pro Ala
        115                 120                 125
His Ile Val Lys Asp Asp Gln Glu Tyr Met Asp Lys Tyr Lys Glu Ala
    130                 135                 140
Val Arg Arg Met Lys Asn Leu Pro Ala Asp His Pro Trp Asn Tyr Tyr
145                 150                 155                 160
Gln Gln Ala Asn Ile His Cys Gln Tyr Cys Asn Tyr Ala Tyr His Gln
                165                 170                 175
Gln Asn Thr Asp Asp Val Pro Ile Gln Val His Phe Ser Trp Ile Phe
            180                 185                 190
Leu Pro Trp His Arg Tyr Tyr Leu His Phe Tyr Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly
        195                 200                 205
Lys Leu Ile Asp Asp Asp Thr Phe Thr Ile Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp
    210                 215                 220
Thr Lys Asp Gly Met Thr Phe Pro Ala Ile Phe Gln Asp Ala Ala Ser
225                 230                 235                 240
Pro Leu Tyr Asp Pro Arg Arg Asp Gln Arg His Val Lys Asp Gly Lys
                245                 250                 255
Ile Leu Asp Leu Lys Tyr Ala Tyr Thr Glu Asn Thr Ala Ser Asp Ser
            260                 265                 270
Glu Ile Ile Arg Glu Asn Leu Cys Phe Ile Gln Lys Thr Phe Lys His
        275                 280                 285
Ser Leu Ser Leu Ala Glu Leu Phe Met Gly Asp Pro Val Arg Ala Gly
    290                 295                 300
Glu Lys Glu Ile Gln Glu Ala Asn Gly Gln Met Glu Val Ile His Asn
305                 310                 315                 320
Ala Ala His Met Trp Val Gly Glu Pro Asp Gly Tyr Lys Glu Asn Met
                325                 330                 335
Gly Asp Phe Ser Thr Ala Ala Arg Asp Ser Val Phe Phe Cys His His
            340                 345                 350
Ser Asn Val Asp Arg Met Trp Asp Ile Tyr Arg Asn Leu Arg Gly Asn
        355                 360                 365
Arg Val Glu Phe Glu Asp Asn Asp Trp Leu Asp Ser Thr Phe Leu Phe
    370                 375                 380
His Asp Glu Asn Glu Gln Leu Val Lys Val Lys Met Ser Asp Cys Leu
385                 390                 395                 400
Asn Pro Thr Lys Leu Arg Tyr Thr Phe Glu Gln Val Pro Leu Pro Trp
                405                 410                 415
Leu Gly Lys Ile Asn Cys Gln Lys Thr Ala Glu Thr Lys Ser Lys Ala
            420                 425                 430
Thr Thr Glu Leu Ser Leu Thr Arg Val Asn Glu Phe Gly Thr Thr Ala
        435                 440                 445
Gln Ala Leu Asp Ala Ser Asn Pro Leu Arg Val Ile Val Ala Arg Pro
    450                 455                 460
Lys Lys Asn Arg Lys Lys Lys Glu Lys Gln Glu Lys Val Gly Val Ile
465                 470                 475                 480
Gln Ile Lys Asp Ile Lys Val Thr Thr Asn Glu Thr Ala Arg Phe Asp
                485                 490                 495
Val Tyr Val Ala Val Pro Tyr Gly Asp Leu Ala Gly Pro Asp Tyr Gly
            500                 505                 510
Glu Phe Ala Gly Ser Tyr Val Arg Leu Ala His Arg Met Lys Gly Ser
        515                 520                 525
Asp Gly Thr Glu Lys Gln Gly Pro Lys Lys Lys Gly Lys Leu Lys Leu
    530                 535                 540
Gly Ile Thr Pro Leu Leu Glu Asp Ile Asp Ala Glu Asp Ala Asp Lys
545                 550                 555                 560
Leu Val Val Thr Leu Val Leu Arg Thr Gly Ser Val Thr Val Gly Gly
                565                 570                 575
Val Ser Ile Asn Leu Leu Gln Thr Asp Ser Thr Ala Ala Ile
            580                 585                 590
 
           
             23 
             900 
             DNA 
             banana 
             
               CDS 
               (13)..(729) 
             
           
            23
aatgtggatc gg atg tgg acg gtg tgg aag aag ctg cac ggc gac aag ccg     51
              Met Trp Thr Val Trp Lys Lys Leu His Gly Asp Lys Pro
                1               5                  10
gag ttc gtc gac cag gag tgg ctc gag tct gaa ttc acc ttc tac gac       99
Glu Phe Val Asp Gln Glu Trp Leu Glu Ser Glu Phe Thr Phe Tyr Asp
     15                  20                  25
gag aat gtg cgc ctg cgc agg atc aag gtg cgc gac gtg ttg aac ata      147
Glu Asn Val Arg Leu Arg Arg Ile Lys Val Arg Asp Val Leu Asn Ile
 30                  35                  40                  45
gac aaa ctc agg tac cgg tac gaa gac atc gac atg cca tgg ctc gct      195
Asp Lys Leu Arg Tyr Arg Tyr Glu Asp Ile Asp Met Pro Trp Leu Ala
                 50                  55                  60
gca cgt ccc aag cct tcc gtt cac cct aag atc gcg cgc gac ata ttg      243
Ala Arg Pro Lys Pro Ser Val His Pro Lys Ile Ala Arg Asp Ile Leu
             65                  70                  75
aag aag cgt aat ggc gaa ggc gta ctg aga atg ccc ggc gaa acg gat      291
Lys Lys Arg Asn Gly Glu Gly Val Leu Arg Met Pro Gly Glu Thr Asp
         80                  85                  90
cgt tca caa ctc tcc gaa gat ggt agc tgg aca ctg gac aag agc atc      339
Arg Ser Gln Leu Ser Glu Asp Gly Ser Trp Thr Leu Asp Lys Ser Ile
     95                 100                 105
acc gtg agg gtt gac agg cca agg atc aac agg aca ggg caa gaa aaa      387
Thr Val Arg Val Asp Arg Pro Arg Ile Asn Arg Thr Gly Gln Glu Lys
110                 115                 120                 125
gag gaa gaa gag gag atc tta ttg gtc tac gga atc gat act aag aga      435
Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Ile Leu Leu Val Tyr Gly Ile Asp Thr Lys Arg
                130                 135                 140
agc aga ttc gtc aaa ttc gat gtg ttc atc aac gtc gtc gac gaa acc      483
Ser Arg Phe Val Lys Phe Asp Val Phe Ile Asn Val Val Asp Glu Thr
            145                 150                 155
gtg ctg aac cca aag tcg agg gag ttc gca ggg acc ttc gtc aat ctc      531
Val Leu Asn Pro Lys Ser Arg Glu Phe Ala Gly Thr Phe Val Asn Leu
        160                 165                 170
cac cac gtc tcg agg acg aaa agc cat gag gat ggc ggc gtg ggt tcg      579
His His Val Ser Arg Thr Lys Ser His Glu Asp Gly Gly Val Gly Ser
    175                 180                 185
aag atg aaa agc cac ctt aag ctc ggt ata tcg gaa ctt ttg gaa gac      627
Lys Met Lys Ser His Leu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Glu Leu Leu Glu Asp
190                 195                 200                 205
ctc gag gca gac gaa gat gat tgc atc tgg gtg aca ctg gtg cca aga      675
Leu Glu Ala Asp Glu Asp Asp Cys Ile Trp Val Thr Leu Val Pro Arg
                210                 215                 220
ggc ggc acg ggg gtc aac acc acc gta gac ggc gtc cgg atc gac tac      723
Gly Gly Thr Gly Val Asn Thr Thr Val Asp Gly Val Arg Ile Asp Tyr
            225                 230                 235
atg aag tagtgaaccg gcacgccgct cctcccctcc ccatcagaag tggtataata       779
Met Lys
tttatattgg atcgaggctc gtggtatctt ttgataagag taagttccat aaatttagaa    839
gaagaatcat gttctttatt tatattaaat caatgtgatt tgtccaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa    899
a                                                                    900
 
           
             24 
             239 
             PRT 
             banana 
           
            24
Met Trp Thr Val Trp Lys Lys Leu His Gly Asp Lys Pro Glu Phe Val
  1               5                  10                  15
Asp Gln Glu Trp Leu Glu Ser Glu Phe Thr Phe Tyr Asp Glu Asn Val
             20                  25                  30
Arg Leu Arg Arg Ile Lys Val Arg Asp Val Leu Asn Ile Asp Lys Leu
         35                  40                  45
Arg Tyr Arg Tyr Glu Asp Ile Asp Met Pro Trp Leu Ala Ala Arg Pro
     50                  55                  60
Lys Pro Ser Val His Pro Lys Ile Ala Arg Asp Ile Leu Lys Lys Arg
 65                  70                  75                  80
Asn Gly Glu Gly Val Leu Arg Met Pro Gly Glu Thr Asp Arg Ser Gln
                 85                  90                  95
Leu Ser Glu Asp Gly Ser Trp Thr Leu Asp Lys Ser Ile Thr Val Arg
            100                 105                 110
Val Asp Arg Pro Arg Ile Asn Arg Thr Gly Gln Glu Lys Glu Glu Glu
        115                 120                 125
Glu Glu Ile Leu Leu Val Tyr Gly Ile Asp Thr Lys Arg Ser Arg Phe
    130                 135                 140
Val Lys Phe Asp Val Phe Ile Asn Val Val Asp Glu Thr Val Leu Asn
145                 150                 155                 160
Pro Lys Ser Arg Glu Phe Ala Gly Thr Phe Val Asn Leu His His Val
                165                 170                 175
Ser Arg Thr Lys Ser His Glu Asp Gly Gly Val Gly Ser Lys Met Lys
            180                 185                 190
Ser His Leu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Glu Leu Leu Glu Asp Leu Glu Ala
        195                 200                 205
Asp Glu Asp Asp Cys Ile Trp Val Thr Leu Val Pro Arg Gly Gly Thr
    210                 215                 220
Gly Val Asn Thr Thr Val Asp Gly Val Arg Ile Asp Tyr Met Lys
225                 230                 235
 
           
             25 
             1522 
             DNA 
             pineapple 
             
               CDS 
               (3)..(1271) 
             
           
            25
tg cac tgt gcg tat tgc gac ggc gcg tat gac caa atc ggc ttc ccc        47
   His Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asp Gly Ala Tyr Asp Gln Ile Gly Phe Pro
     1               5                  10                  15
gat ctc gag atc cag atc cac aac tcg tgg ctc ttc ttt cct tgg cac       95
Asp Leu Glu Ile Gln Ile His Asn Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe Pro Trp His
                 20                  25                  30
cgg ttc tac ctc tac tcc aac gag cgc ata ctc ggg aaa ctt atc ggc      143
Arg Phe Tyr Leu Tyr Ser Asn Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Lys Leu Ile Gly
             35                  40                  45
gac gac acg ttc gcg ctg cct ttc tgg aac tgg gac gcg ccg ggg ggc      191
Asp Asp Thr Phe Ala Leu Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Ala Pro Gly Gly
         50                  55                  60
atg cag ttc ccg tct atc tac acg gac cct tca tcc tcg cta tat gac      239
Met Gln Phe Pro Ser Ile Tyr Thr Asp Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Tyr Asp
     65                  70                  75
aag ctg cgt gat gcg aag cac cag ccg ccg act ttg att gac ctc gac      287
Lys Leu Arg Asp Ala Lys His Gln Pro Pro Thr Leu Ile Asp Leu Asp
 80                  85                  90                  95
tac aat ggc acc gat cct acc ttc tcc cct gaa gaa cag att aac cac      335
Tyr Asn Gly Thr Asp Pro Thr Phe Ser Pro Glu Glu Gln Ile Asn His
                100                 105                 110
aac ctc gcc gtc atg tac cga cag gtg ata tcc agt gga aag aca cca      383
Asn Leu Ala Val Met Tyr Arg Gln Val Ile Ser Ser Gly Lys Thr Pro
            115                 120                 125
gag ctg ttt atg ggc tca gcg tac cgc gcc ggt gac cag cct gac ccc      431
Glu Leu Phe Met Gly Ser Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Gln Pro Asp Pro
        130                 135                 140
ggc gca ggc tct gta gag cag aag ccg cac ggc ccg gtg cat gtg tgg      479
Gly Ala Gly Ser Val Glu Gln Lys Pro His Gly Pro Val His Val Trp
    145                 150                 155
aca ggt gat cgc aac cag ccc aat cgc gaa gac atg ggc acg ctc tac      527
Thr Gly Asp Arg Asn Gln Pro Asn Arg Glu Asp Met Gly Thr Leu Tyr
160                 165                 170                 175
tcg gcg gcg tgg gac ccc gtc ttc ttc gca cac cac ggc aac atc gac      575
Ser Ala Ala Trp Asp Pro Val Phe Phe Ala His His Gly Asn Ile Asp
                180                 185                 190
cgc atg tgg tac gtg tgg agg aac ctt ggc ggc aag cac cgc aac ttc      623
Arg Met Trp Tyr Val Trp Arg Asn Leu Gly Gly Lys His Arg Asn Phe
            195                 200                 205
acc gac ccc gac tgg ctc aac gcg tcc ttc ctg ttc tat gat gag aat      671
Thr Asp Pro Asp Trp Leu Asn Ala Ser Phe Leu Phe Tyr Asp Glu Asn
        210                 215                 220
gcg cag ctc gtc cgt gtt aaa gta aaa gac tgc tta gag gcc gac gca      719
Ala Gln Leu Val Arg Val Lys Val Lys Asp Cys Leu Glu Ala Asp Ala
    225                 230                 235
atg cgg tac aca tac cag gat gta gag atc ccg tgg ctc aaa gca aag      767
Met Arg Tyr Thr Tyr Gln Asp Val Glu Ile Pro Trp Leu Lys Ala Lys
240                 245                 250                 255
ccg acg cca aag agc gcc cta cag aag ata aag agc aag gta tcg acg      815
Pro Thr Pro Lys Ser Ala Leu Gln Lys Ile Lys Ser Lys Val Ser Thr
                260                 265                 270
ctg aag gca aca cca agg ggg acg acg act acc aca gca gag act aca      863
Leu Lys Ala Thr Pro Arg Gly Thr Thr Thr Thr Thr Ala Glu Thr Thr
            275                 280                 285
ttt ccg gtg gtg ctg gat aag ccg gtg agt gca aca gtg gct aga ccg      911
Phe Pro Val Val Leu Asp Lys Pro Val Ser Ala Thr Val Ala Arg Pro
        290                 295                 300
aag gcc agg agg agt ggg aag gag aag gaa gaa gag gag gag gtg ttg      959
Lys Ala Arg Arg Ser Gly Lys Glu Lys Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Val Leu
    305                 310                 315
gtg gtg gag gga atc gag ttg gag aag gac gtg ttc gtg aag ttt gat     1007
Val Val Glu Gly Ile Glu Leu Glu Lys Asp Val Phe Val Lys Phe Asp
320                 325                 330                 335
gtg tat ata aac tcg ccg gag cac gaa ggg gtg ggg ccg gag gcg agt     1055
Val Tyr Ile Asn Ser Pro Glu His Glu Gly Val Gly Pro Glu Ala Ser
                340                 345                 350
gag ttc gca ggg agc ttc gtc cac gtg cca cac aag cac aag aag gcg     1103
Glu Phe Ala Gly Ser Phe Val His Val Pro His Lys His Lys Lys Ala
            355                 360                 365
aag aag ggg aag gag atg gcc agg atg aac aca agg ctt aag ctc ggg     1151
Lys Lys Gly Lys Glu Met Ala Arg Met Asn Thr Arg Leu Lys Leu Gly
        370                 375                 380
ata acg gac ctg ctc gag gac atc ggc gct gag gac gac gag agc gtg     1199
Ile Thr Asp Leu Leu Glu Asp Ile Gly Ala Glu Asp Asp Glu Ser Val
    385                 390                 395
ctc atc acg ctc gtg ccc agg agc ggc aag gga atg gtg aag gtt gga     1247
Leu Ile Thr Leu Val Pro Arg Ser Gly Lys Gly Met Val Lys Val Gly
400                 405                 410                 415
ggg cta agg att gat ttc tcc aag tgatgagcat attgtgaaga gaaaatttgc    1301
Gly Leu Arg Ile Asp Phe Ser Lys
                420
atttaccgcc ctatagaatc gaaaaattgc gtatatgtcc cattattgtt ttttttattc   1361
ttcaagcgta ttcagaataa gagttgcgtg catgcacgca tgcagccatg ttgttgtagt   1421
cgatatgtgg ggtatgtttg gatcagggat aatgatgtga actttgaatt aattattaca   1481
ctctgagaat aaattagaga gtttattatg caaaaaaaaa a                       1522
 
           
             26 
             423 
             PRT 
             pineapple 
           
            26
His Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asp Gly Ala Tyr Asp Gln Ile Gly Phe Pro Asp
  1               5                  10                  15
Leu Glu Ile Gln Ile His Asn Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe Pro Trp His Arg
             20                  25                  30
Phe Tyr Leu Tyr Ser Asn Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Lys Leu Ile Gly Asp
         35                  40                  45
Asp Thr Phe Ala Leu Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Ala Pro Gly Gly Met
     50                  55                  60
Gln Phe Pro Ser Ile Tyr Thr Asp Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Tyr Asp Lys
 65                  70                  75                  80
Leu Arg Asp Ala Lys His Gln Pro Pro Thr Leu Ile Asp Leu Asp Tyr
                 85                  90                  95
Asn Gly Thr Asp Pro Thr Phe Ser Pro Glu Glu Gln Ile Asn His Asn
            100                 105                 110
Leu Ala Val Met Tyr Arg Gln Val Ile Ser Ser Gly Lys Thr Pro Glu
        115                 120                 125
Leu Phe Met Gly Ser Ala Tyr Arg Ala Gly Asp Gln Pro Asp Pro Gly
    130                 135                 140
Ala Gly Ser Val Glu Gln Lys Pro His Gly Pro Val His Val Trp Thr
145                 150                 155                 160
Gly Asp Arg Asn Gln Pro Asn Arg Glu Asp Met Gly Thr Leu Tyr Ser
                165                 170                 175
Ala Ala Trp Asp Pro Val Phe Phe Ala His His Gly Asn Ile Asp Arg
            180                 185                 190
Met Trp Tyr Val Trp Arg Asn Leu Gly Gly Lys His Arg Asn Phe Thr
        195                 200                 205
Asp Pro Asp Trp Leu Asn Ala Ser Phe Leu Phe Tyr Asp Glu Asn Ala
    210                 215                 220
Gln Leu Val Arg Val Lys Val Lys Asp Cys Leu Glu Ala Asp Ala Met
225                 230                 235                 240
Arg Tyr Thr Tyr Gln Asp Val Glu Ile Pro Trp Leu Lys Ala Lys Pro
                245                 250                 255
Thr Pro Lys Ser Ala Leu Gln Lys Ile Lys Ser Lys Val Ser Thr Leu
            260                 265                 270
Lys Ala Thr Pro Arg Gly Thr Thr Thr Thr Thr Ala Glu Thr Thr Phe
        275                 280                 285
Pro Val Val Leu Asp Lys Pro Val Ser Ala Thr Val Ala Arg Pro Lys
    290                 295                 300
Ala Arg Arg Ser Gly Lys Glu Lys Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Val Leu Val
305                 310                 315                 320
Val Glu Gly Ile Glu Leu Glu Lys Asp Val Phe Val Lys Phe Asp Val
                325                 330                 335
Tyr Ile Asn Ser Pro Glu His Glu Gly Val Gly Pro Glu Ala Ser Glu
            340                 345                 350
Phe Ala Gly Ser Phe Val His Val Pro His Lys His Lys Lys Ala Lys
        355                 360                 365
Lys Gly Lys Glu Met Ala Arg Met Asn Thr Arg Leu Lys Leu Gly Ile
    370                 375                 380
Thr Asp Leu Leu Glu Asp Ile Gly Ala Glu Asp Asp Glu Ser Val Leu
385                 390                 395                 400
Ile Thr Leu Val Pro Arg Ser Gly Lys Gly Met Val Lys Val Gly Gly
                405                 410                 415
Leu Arg Ile Asp Phe Ser Lys
            420
 
           
             27 
             875 
             DNA 
             pineapple 
             
               CDS 
               (3)..(875) 
             
           
            27
ac aac aaa cca gtg cct ggt tta ggt gta ttc act atg gcc acc ctc        47
   Asn Lys Pro Val Pro Gly Leu Gly Val Phe Thr Met Ala Thr Leu
     1               5                  10                  15
tct aaa cta gct tcc cca acc aat aac acc tcc act ctc ccc gct ccc       95
Ser Lys Leu Ala Ser Pro Thr Asn Asn Thr Ser Thr Leu Pro Ala Pro
                 20                  25                  30
tcc ttt gca tgc tcc ttc tct cac caa aag ctt cac cac cac ctt cct      143
Ser Phe Ala Cys Ser Phe Ser His Gln Lys Leu His His His Leu Pro
             35                  40                  45
ctc ccc tgt agg ggt ccc aaa cca ccc cgt cat aag atc tca tgc aaa      191
Leu Pro Cys Arg Gly Pro Lys Pro Pro Arg His Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys
         50                  55                  60
tct aag gag caa caa gag aat gcc gac aag cct gcg ggc cgc atc gac      239
Ser Lys Glu Gln Gln Glu Asn Ala Asp Lys Pro Ala Gly Arg Ile Asp
     65                  70                  75
cgc cgc gac cta ctc ctg ggc ctc ggc ggg ctt tac ggt gcc acc act      287
Arg Arg Asp Leu Leu Leu Gly Leu Gly Gly Leu Tyr Gly Ala Thr Thr
 80                  85                  90                  95
ggg ctc ggc ctc aac cgt cga gcg gcc gcc gcc cct atc ctg gct ccc      335
Gly Leu Gly Leu Asn Arg Arg Ala Ala Ala Ala Pro Ile Leu Ala Pro
                100                 105                 110
gac ctc tca act tgt ggg ccg cct gcc gac ctc cct gcc tcc gcc cga      383
Asp Leu Ser Thr Cys Gly Pro Pro Ala Asp Leu Pro Ala Ser Ala Arg
            115                 120                 125
ccg aca gtt tgc tgc ccg cca tac caa tcc acc atc atc gtc ttc aag      431
Pro Thr Val Cys Cys Pro Pro Tyr Gln Ser Thr Ile Ile Val Phe Lys
        130                 135                 140
ctc ccc ccg cga tct gct ccg ctt cgc gtc cgg cct gcg gcc cac ttg      479
Leu Pro Pro Arg Ser Ala Pro Leu Arg Val Arg Pro Ala Ala His Leu
    145                 150                 155
gtt gac gcc gac tac ctg gcc aag tat aag aag gcg gtc gag ctc atg      527
Val Asp Ala Asp Tyr Leu Ala Lys Tyr Lys Lys Ala Val Glu Leu Met
160                 165                 170                 175
agg gcc ctg ccg gcc gac gac ccg cgc aac ttc gta cag caa gcg aaa      575
Arg Ala Leu Pro Ala Asp Asp Pro Arg Asn Phe Val Gln Gln Ala Lys
                180                 185                 190
gtg cac tgt gcg tac tgc gac ggc gcg tac gac caa atc ggc ttc ccc      623
Val His Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asp Gly Ala Tyr Asp Gln Ile Gly Phe Pro
            195                 200                 205
gat ctc gag atc cag atc cac aac tcg tgg ctc ttc ttt cct tgg cac      671
Asp Leu Glu Ile Gln Ile His Asn Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe Pro Trp His
        210                 215                 220
cgg ttc tac ctc tac ttc aac gag cgc ata ctc ggg aaa ctt atc ggt      719
Arg Phe Tyr Leu Tyr Phe Asn Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Lys Leu Ile Gly
    225                 230                 235
gac gac acg ttc gcg ctg cct ttc tgg aac tgg gac gcg ccg ggg ggc      767
Asp Asp Thr Phe Ala Leu Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Ala Pro Gly Gly
240                 245                 250                 255
atg cag ttc ccg tct atc tac aca gac cct tca tcc tcg cta tat gac      815
Met Gln Phe Pro Ser Ile Tyr Thr Asp Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Tyr Asp
                260                 265                 270
aag ctg cgt gat gcg aag cac cag ccg ccg act ttg att gac ctc gac      863
Lys Leu Arg Asp Ala Lys His Gln Pro Pro Thr Leu Ile Asp Leu Asp
            275                 280                 285
tac aat ggc aca                                                      875
Tyr Asn Gly Thr
        290
 
           
             28 
             291 
             PRT 
             pineapple 
           
            28
Asn Lys Pro Val Pro Gly Leu Gly Val Phe Thr Met Ala Thr Leu Ser
  1               5                  10                  15
Lys Leu Ala Ser Pro Thr Asn Asn Thr Ser Thr Leu Pro Ala Pro Ser
             20                  25                  30
Phe Ala Cys Ser Phe Ser His Gln Lys Leu His His His Leu Pro Leu
         35                  40                  45
Pro Cys Arg Gly Pro Lys Pro Pro Arg His Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys Ser
     50                  55                  60
Lys Glu Gln Gln Glu Asn Ala Asp Lys Pro Ala Gly Arg Ile Asp Arg
 65                  70                  75                  80
Arg Asp Leu Leu Leu Gly Leu Gly Gly Leu Tyr Gly Ala Thr Thr Gly
                 85                  90                  95
Leu Gly Leu Asn Arg Arg Ala Ala Ala Ala Pro Ile Leu Ala Pro Asp
            100                 105                 110
Leu Ser Thr Cys Gly Pro Pro Ala Asp Leu Pro Ala Ser Ala Arg Pro
        115                 120                 125
Thr Val Cys Cys Pro Pro Tyr Gln Ser Thr Ile Ile Val Phe Lys Leu
    130                 135                 140
Pro Pro Arg Ser Ala Pro Leu Arg Val Arg Pro Ala Ala His Leu Val
145                 150                 155                 160
Asp Ala Asp Tyr Leu Ala Lys Tyr Lys Lys Ala Val Glu Leu Met Arg
                165                 170                 175
Ala Leu Pro Ala Asp Asp Pro Arg Asn Phe Val Gln Gln Ala Lys Val
            180                 185                 190
His Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asp Gly Ala Tyr Asp Gln Ile Gly Phe Pro Asp
        195                 200                 205
Leu Glu Ile Gln Ile His Asn Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe Pro Trp His Arg
    210                 215                 220
Phe Tyr Leu Tyr Phe Asn Glu Arg Ile Leu Gly Lys Leu Ile Gly Asp
225                 230                 235                 240
Asp Thr Phe Ala Leu Pro Phe Trp Asn Trp Asp Ala Pro Gly Gly Met
                245                 250                 255
Gln Phe Pro Ser Ile Tyr Thr Asp Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Tyr Asp Lys
            260                 265                 270
Leu Arg Asp Ala Lys His Gln Pro Pro Thr Leu Ile Asp Leu Asp Tyr
        275                 280                 285
Asn Gly Thr
    290
 
           
             29 
             2057 
             DNA 
             lettuce 
             
               CDS 
               (16)..(1842) 
             
           
            29
gaccacccat agatg atg gct tct ctc gcc ttg tct agt ctt ccc acc tcc      51
                 Met Ala Ser Leu Ala Leu Ser Ser Leu Pro Thr Ser
                   1               5                  10
acc aca acc aaa aaa ccc tta ttt tcc aaa aca tcc tcg cat gtt aag       99
Thr Thr Thr Lys Lys Pro Leu Phe Ser Lys Thr Ser Ser His Val Lys
         15                  20                  25
cca ttc cat cgc ttc aaa gtt tca tgc aat gca ccc gct gat aac aat      147
Pro Phe His Arg Phe Lys Val Ser Cys Asn Ala Pro Ala Asp Asn Asn
     30                  35                  40
gac aaa acc gtc aat aat tct gat acc cca aag ctc ata cta ccc aaa      195
Asp Lys Thr Val Asn Asn Ser Asp Thr Pro Lys Leu Ile Leu Pro Lys
 45                  50                  55                  60
aca cca ctt gaa acg cag aac gta gac agg aga aac ttg ctt ctg gga      243
Thr Pro Leu Glu Thr Gln Asn Val Asp Arg Arg Asn Leu Leu Leu Gly
                 65                  70                  75
ctc gga ggt ctc tac ggc gct gcc aac ttg acg acc att ccg tca gcc      291
Leu Gly Gly Leu Tyr Gly Ala Ala Asn Leu Thr Thr Ile Pro Ser Ala
             80                  85                  90
ttt ggc att ccc atc gct gct cca gac aat att tca gac tgt gtt gct      339
Phe Gly Ile Pro Ile Ala Ala Pro Asp Asn Ile Ser Asp Cys Val Ala
         95                 100                 105
gcg act tca aac cta agg aac agc aaa gac gct ata agg gga cta gcg      387
Ala Thr Ser Asn Leu Arg Asn Ser Lys Asp Ala Ile Arg Gly Leu Ala
    110                 115                 120
tgt tgt cct ccg gtg ctt tca aca aac aaa cca atg gat tac gtc ctt      435
Cys Cys Pro Pro Val Leu Ser Thr Asn Lys Pro Met Asp Tyr Val Leu
125                 130                 135                 140
cct tca aac cct gtg att cgt gtt cga cca gct gca cag aaa gcc act      483
Pro Ser Asn Pro Val Ile Arg Val Arg Pro Ala Ala Gln Lys Ala Thr
                145                 150                 155
gcc gat tac act gct aag tat caa caa gca att caa gcc atg aag gat      531
Ala Asp Tyr Thr Ala Lys Tyr Gln Gln Ala Ile Gln Ala Met Lys Asp
            160                 165                 170
ctc ccc gag gac cac cca cat agc tgg aag caa caa ggc aag att cac      579
Leu Pro Glu Asp His Pro His Ser Trp Lys Gln Gln Gly Lys Ile His
        175                 180                 185
tgt gct tat tgc aac ggt ggt tac aat caa gaa caa agt ggt tac ccg      627
Cys Ala Tyr Cys Asn Gly Gly Tyr Asn Gln Glu Gln Ser Gly Tyr Pro
    190                 195                 200
aat tta caa ctt cag att cac aac tca tgg ctc ttc ttt cct ttc cac      675
Asn Leu Gln Leu Gln Ile His Asn Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe Pro Phe His
205                 210                 215                 220
cgg tgg tac ctc tat ttc tac gag aag ata ttg ggg aag ttg att aat      723
Arg Trp Tyr Leu Tyr Phe Tyr Glu Lys Ile Leu Gly Lys Leu Ile Asn
                225                 230                 235
gat cca act ttc gct cta cct tac tgg aac tgg gat aac cct act gga      771
Asp Pro Thr Phe Ala Leu Pro Tyr Trp Asn Trp Asp Asn Pro Thr Gly
            240                 245                 250
atg gtt att cct gcc atg ttc gaa cag aac agc aaa act aac tct ctg      819
Met Val Ile Pro Ala Met Phe Glu Gln Asn Ser Lys Thr Asn Ser Leu
        255                 260                 265
ttt gac cct tta agg gat gcg aaa cac ctc cca cct tct atc ttt gat      867
Phe Asp Pro Leu Arg Asp Ala Lys His Leu Pro Pro Ser Ile Phe Asp
    270                 275                 280
gtt gaa tat gct ggt gca gac act ggt gcc act tgt ata gac cag ata      915
Val Glu Tyr Ala Gly Ala Asp Thr Gly Ala Thr Cys Ile Asp Gln Ile
285                 290                 295                 300
gcc att aat ctg tct tca atg tac aga cag atg gtc acc aac tcc act      963
Ala Ile Asn Leu Ser Ser Met Tyr Arg Gln Met Val Thr Asn Ser Thr
                305                 310                 315
gat aca aaa cga ttc ttc ggt ggc gaa ttt gta gct gga aat gac cct     1011
Asp Thr Lys Arg Phe Phe Gly Gly Glu Phe Val Ala Gly Asn Asp Pro
            320                 325                 330
ctt gcg agc gag ttc aac gta gct ggg acc gta gaa gct ggg gtt cac     1059
Leu Ala Ser Glu Phe Asn Val Ala Gly Thr Val Glu Ala Gly Val His
        335                 340                 345
act gcg gct cac cgc tgg gtg ggt aat tct agg atg gcc aac agc gaa     1107
Thr Ala Ala His Arg Trp Val Gly Asn Ser Arg Met Ala Asn Ser Glu
    350                 355                 360
gac atg ggg aac ttc tac tcc gca gga tat gat cct ctc ttt tac gtc     1155
Asp Met Gly Asn Phe Tyr Ser Ala Gly Tyr Asp Pro Leu Phe Tyr Val
365                 370                 375                 380
cac cat gcg aat gtc gac agg atg tgg caa atc tgg aaa gat att gac     1203
His His Ala Asn Val Asp Arg Met Trp Gln Ile Trp Lys Asp Ile Asp
                385                 390                 395
aag aag aca cac aag gat ccg acc tct ggc gac tgg cta aat gca tca     1251
Lys Lys Thr His Lys Asp Pro Thr Ser Gly Asp Trp Leu Asn Ala Ser
            400                 405                 410
tac gtg ttt tac gat gag aat gaa aat ctt gta cgt gtc tac aac cga     1299
Tyr Val Phe Tyr Asp Glu Asn Glu Asn Leu Val Arg Val Tyr Asn Arg
        415                 420                 425
gac tgt gta gac att aat cgg atg gga tat gac tac gaa agg tca gca     1347
Asp Cys Val Asp Ile Asn Arg Met Gly Tyr Asp Tyr Glu Arg Ser Ala
    430                 435                 440
atc cca tgg atc cgt agt cgg ccg act gca cat gcg aag ggg gcg aac     1395
Ile Pro Trp Ile Arg Ser Arg Pro Thr Ala His Ala Lys Gly Ala Asn
445                 450                 455                 460
gtt gct gct aag tct gct gga atc gtg cag aag gtg gag gat atc gta     1443
Val Ala Ala Lys Ser Ala Gly Ile Val Gln Lys Val Glu Asp Ile Val
                465                 470                 475
ttc ccg ctg aag tta aac aag ata gtg aag gtt cta gtg aag agg cca     1491
Phe Pro Leu Lys Leu Asn Lys Ile Val Lys Val Leu Val Lys Arg Pro
            480                 485                 490
gct aca aac agg acc aag gag gga aag gag aaa gca aat gag ctg ttg     1539
Ala Thr Asn Arg Thr Lys Glu Gly Lys Glu Lys Ala Asn Glu Leu Leu
        495                 500                 505
ttc gtg aat gga atc acg ttt gat gct gag cgg ttt cta aag att gac     1587
Phe Val Asn Gly Ile Thr Phe Asp Ala Glu Arg Phe Leu Lys Ile Asp
    510                 515                 520
gtg ttt gtc aac gac gtc gac gat gga att cag acc acc gct gct gat     1635
Val Phe Val Asn Asp Val Asp Asp Gly Ile Gln Thr Thr Ala Ala Asp
525                 530                 535                 540
agt gag ttt gct ggt agt ttc gca cag ttg cca cat aac cat ggc gac     1683
Ser Glu Phe Ala Gly Ser Phe Ala Gln Leu Pro His Asn His Gly Asp
                545                 550                 555
aag atg ttt atg agg agt ggg gca gcg ttc ggg atc acg gag ctc ttg     1731
Lys Met Phe Met Arg Ser Gly Ala Ala Phe Gly Ile Thr Glu Leu Leu
            560                 565                 570
gaa gac att gaa gct gaa ggt gat gac tct gtt gtt gtg aca ttg gtg     1779
Glu Asp Ile Glu Ala Glu Gly Asp Asp Ser Val Val Val Thr Leu Val
        575                 580                 585
ccg aga aca ggg tgt gat gaa gta act att ggc gag atc aag att cag     1827
Pro Arg Thr Gly Cys Asp Glu Val Thr Ile Gly Glu Ile Lys Ile Gln
    590                 595                 600
ctg gtt ccc att gtt taaagtctat tgaagtaatg cattttcaat tgtcattagt     1882
Leu Val Pro Ile Val
605
atgcatgggt acgtaaatct gttcgctgtc tggttatcga ggatttttga tgttctcgta   1942
accaaataat aaggattgtc attccatgtt tggaatcgtg taaccgcagg catgcatatg   2002
tttgattgtt atttttactt gaagcacttc tgttttagta aaaaaaaaaa aaaaa        2057
 
           
             30 
             609 
             PRT 
             lettuce 
           
            30
Met Ala Ser Leu Ala Leu Ser Ser Leu Pro Thr Ser Thr Thr Thr Lys
  1               5                  10                  15
Lys Pro Leu Phe Ser Lys Thr Ser Ser His Val Lys Pro Phe His Arg
             20                  25                  30
Phe Lys Val Ser Cys Asn Ala Pro Ala Asp Asn Asn Asp Lys Thr Val
         35                  40                  45
Asn Asn Ser Asp Thr Pro Lys Leu Ile Leu Pro Lys Thr Pro Leu Glu
     50                  55                  60
Thr Gln Asn Val Asp Arg Arg Asn Leu Leu Leu Gly Leu Gly Gly Leu
 65                  70                  75                  80
Tyr Gly Ala Ala Asn Leu Thr Thr Ile Pro Ser Ala Phe Gly Ile Pro
                 85                  90                  95
Ile Ala Ala Pro Asp Asn Ile Ser Asp Cys Val Ala Ala Thr Ser Asn
            100                 105                 110
Leu Arg Asn Ser Lys Asp Ala Ile Arg Gly Leu Ala Cys Cys Pro Pro
        115                 120                 125
Val Leu Ser Thr Asn Lys Pro Met Asp Tyr Val Leu Pro Ser Asn Pro
    130                 135                 140
Val Ile Arg Val Arg Pro Ala Ala Gln Lys Ala Thr Ala Asp Tyr Thr
145                 150                 155                 160
Ala Lys Tyr Gln Gln Ala Ile Gln Ala Met Lys Asp Leu Pro Glu Asp
                165                 170                 175
His Pro His Ser Trp Lys Gln Gln Gly Lys Ile His Cys Ala Tyr Cys
            180                 185                 190
Asn Gly Gly Tyr Asn Gln Glu Gln Ser Gly Tyr Pro Asn Leu Gln Leu
        195                 200                 205
Gln Ile His Asn Ser Trp Leu Phe Phe Pro Phe His Arg Trp Tyr Leu
    210                 215                 220
Tyr Phe Tyr Glu Lys Ile Leu Gly Lys Leu Ile Asn Asp Pro Thr Phe
225                 230                 235                 240
Ala Leu Pro Tyr Trp Asn Trp Asp Asn Pro Thr Gly Met Val Ile Pro
                245                 250                 255
Ala Met Phe Glu Gln Asn Ser Lys Thr Asn Ser Leu Phe Asp Pro Leu
            260                 265                 270
Arg Asp Ala Lys His Leu Pro Pro Ser Ile Phe Asp Val Glu Tyr Ala
        275                 280                 285
Gly Ala Asp Thr Gly Ala Thr Cys Ile Asp Gln Ile Ala Ile Asn Leu
    290                 295                 300
Ser Ser Met Tyr Arg Gln Met Val Thr Asn Ser Thr Asp Thr Lys Arg
305                 310                 315                 320
Phe Phe Gly Gly Glu Phe Val Ala Gly Asn Asp Pro Leu Ala Ser Glu
                325                 330                 335
Phe Asn Val Ala Gly Thr Val Glu Ala Gly Val His Thr Ala Ala His
            340                 345                 350
Arg Trp Val Gly Asn Ser Arg Met Ala Asn Ser Glu Asp Met Gly Asn
        355                 360                 365
Phe Tyr Ser Ala Gly Tyr Asp Pro Leu Phe Tyr Val His His Ala Asn
    370                 375                 380
Val Asp Arg Met Trp Gln Ile Trp Lys Asp Ile Asp Lys Lys Thr His
385                 390                 395                 400
Lys Asp Pro Thr Ser Gly Asp Trp Leu Asn Ala Ser Tyr Val Phe Tyr
                405                 410                 415
Asp Glu Asn Glu Asn Leu Val Arg Val Tyr Asn Arg Asp Cys Val Asp
            420                 425                 430
Ile Asn Arg Met Gly Tyr Asp Tyr Glu Arg Ser Ala Ile Pro Trp Ile
        435                 440                 445
Arg Ser Arg Pro Thr Ala His Ala Lys Gly Ala Asn Val Ala Ala Lys
    450                 455                 460
Ser Ala Gly Ile Val Gln Lys Val Glu Asp Ile Val Phe Pro Leu Lys
465                 470                 475                 480
Leu Asn Lys Ile Val Lys Val Leu Val Lys Arg Pro Ala Thr Asn Arg
                485                 490                 495
Thr Lys Glu Gly Lys Glu Lys Ala Asn Glu Leu Leu Phe Val Asn Gly
            500                 505                 510
Ile Thr Phe Asp Ala Glu Arg Phe Leu Lys Ile Asp Val Phe Val Asn
        515                 520                 525
Asp Val Asp Asp Gly Ile Gln Thr Thr Ala Ala Asp Ser Glu Phe Ala
    530                 535                 540
Gly Ser Phe Ala Gln Leu Pro His Asn His Gly Asp Lys Met Phe Met
545                 550                 555                 560
Arg Ser Gly Ala Ala Phe Gly Ile Thr Glu Leu Leu Glu Asp Ile Glu
                565                 570                 575
Ala Glu Gly Asp Asp Ser Val Val Val Thr Leu Val Pro Arg Thr Gly
            580                 585                 590
Cys Asp Glu Val Thr Ile Gly Glu Ile Lys Ile Gln Leu Val Pro Ile
        595                 600                 605
Val
 
           
             31 
             24 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            31
gcgaattctt yytnccntty mymg                                            24
 
           
             32 
             28 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            32
gcgaattcga tccnacntty gckttncc                                        28
 
           
             33 
             26 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            33
gcgaattcaa ygtngaymgn atgtgg                                          26
 
           
             34 
             24 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            34
gcgaattctn caytgygcnt aytg                                            24
 
           
             35 
             27 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            35
gcgaattctt nccntwytgg aaytggg                                         27
 
           
             36 
             26 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            36
gcctgcagcc acatnckrtc nacrtt                                          26
 
           
             37 
             22 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            37
gcctgcagtt ytcrtcrtag aa                                              22
 
           
             38 
             35 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            38
gactcgagtc gacatcgatt tttttttttt ttttt                                35
 
           
             39 
             25 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            39
atatcacctg tcggtacatg acggc                                           25
 
           
             40 
             25 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            40
gtgccattgt agtcgaggtc aatca                                           25
 
           
             41 
             26 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            41
ccagtgcctg gtttaggtgt attcac                                          26
 
           
             42 
             24 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            42
tgctgttctg ttcgaacatg gcag                                            24
 
           
             43 
             24 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            43
tatacaagtg gcaccagtgt ctgc                                            24
 
           
             44 
             25 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            44
ccgcattgtg gatgacttcc atctg                                           25
 
           
             45 
             25 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            45
ccagaatggg atggtgaagg tgtcg                                           25
 
           
             46 
             24 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            46
cgctgggtgg gtaattctag gatg                                            24
 
           
             47 
             25 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            47
agtcatccac aatgcggcgc acatg                                           25
 
           
             48 
             25 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            48
gttgctcttc ttaggctcgg cttac                                           25
 
           
             49 
             17 
             DNA 
             Artificial Sequence 
             
               Description of Artificial Sequence  primer 
             
           
            49
gactcgagtc gacatcg                                                    17