Abstract:
An embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless station (STA), comprising a transceiver operable for communicating in a wireless network, wherein the transceiver is adapted to use signaling that enables the wireless station to communicate necessary information including a desired modulation coding scheme (MCS).

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    The present patent application is a continuation patent application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/877,413, filed Oct. 8, 2010, entitled “TECHNIQUES FOR UL MU MIMO SIGNALING AND ERROR HANDLING,” the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    It is possible to increase the network capacity of a basic service set (BSS) in wireless networks using Uplink (UL) Multi-user Multiple Input, Multiple Output (MU MIMO) techniques. With UL MU MIMO, multiple STAs are permitted to simultaneously (in time and frequency) transmit to a multiple-antenna access point (AP); the resulting signals are separated by the AP&#39;s MIMO equalizer. 
         [0003]    To facilitate UL MU MIMO transmissions, an AP schedules uplink transmissions from multiple STAs based on information communicated from STAs. However, presently there are no signaling mechanisms for a wireless station (STA) operating in wireless networks to notify the AP of relevant information for UL MU MIMO transmissions and an error handling mechanism that differentiates packet errors due to interference and noise from packet errors from collisions. 
         [0004]    Thus, a strong need exists for techniques to solve MAC signaling problems to support Uplink Multi-User MIMO (UL MU MIMO) transmissions. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0005]    The subject matter regarded as the invention is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the concluding portion of the specification. The invention, however, both as to organization and method of operation, together with objects, features, and advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following detailed description when read with the accompanying drawings in which: 
           [0006]      FIG. 1  provides an example frame format of Request to Transmit (RTX) according to embodiments of the present invention; 
           [0007]      FIG. 2  is an illustration of UL MU MIMO TXOP according to embodiments of the present invention; 
           [0008]      FIG. 3  provides a first example frame format of a Clear to Transmit (CTX) according to embodiments of the present invention; 
           [0009]      FIG. 4  provides a second example frame format of a Clear to Transmit (CTX) according to embodiments of the present invention; 
           [0010]      FIG. 5  shows an illustration of UL MU MIMO TXOP (error handling) according to embodiments of the present invention; and 
           [0011]      FIG. 6  shows an illustration of different access categories (ACs) that may be included in UL MU MIMO TXOP according to embodiments of the present invention. 
       
    
    
       [0012]    It will be appreciated that for simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements illustrated in the figures have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements are exaggerated relative to other elements for clarity. Further, where considered appropriate, reference numerals have been repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0013]    In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the preset invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention. 
         [0014]    Although embodiments of the invention are not limited in this regard, discussions utilizing terms such as, for example, “processing,” “computing,” “calculating,” “determining,” “establishing”, “analyzing”, “checking”, or the like, may refer to operation(s) and/or process(es) of a computer, a computing platform, a computing system, or other electronic computing device, that manipulate and/or transform data represented as physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the computer&#39;s registers and/or memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer&#39;s registers and/or memories or other information storage medium that may store instructions to perform operations and/or processes. 
         [0015]    Although embodiments of the invention are not limited in this regard, the terms “plurality” and “a plurality” as used herein may include, for example, “multiple” or “two or more”. The terms “plurality” or “a plurality” may be used throughout the specification to describe two or more components, devices, elements, units, parameters, or the like. For example, “a plurality of stations” may include two or more stations. 
         [0016]    Embodiments of the present invention provide a signaling mechanism that enables a wireless station (STA) to communicate necessary information, such as a desired modulation coding scheme (MCS) and access category (AC) with the AP. Further, embodiments of the present invention may provide an error handling mechanism for uplink multiuser multiple input multiple output wireless stations (UL MU MIMO STAs). 
         [0017]    An UL MU MIMO-capable STA contends for the medium using Enhanced Distribution Channel Access (EDCA). After the STA wins the contention, it transmits a Request To Transmit (RTX) frame to the AP. The RTX frame contains the buffered traffic information per AC, the desired MCS for the upcoming UL MU MIMO transmission, and the desired AC number for the upcoming UL MU MIMO transmission. 
         [0018]    Turning now to  FIG. 1 , shown generally as  100 , is an example frame format of RTX. It may include frame control  105 , duration  110 , RA  115 , TA  120  Buffered traffic  12  for AC VI  125 , buffered traffic for AC BK  130 , and desired MCS  135 . It is noted that the desired MCS field  135  is the mandatory fields in the RTX frame, whereas buffered traffic fields  125  and  130  are optional. The buffered traffic fields  125  and  130  indicate the remaining buffered traffic after the upcoming UL MU MIMO transmission. 
         [0019]    Based on the desired MCS and the buffered traffic information, the STA calculates the duration of the TXOP. The duration field in the RTX sets the duration of the TXOP. Upon receiving the RTX frame, the AP replies with a Clear To Transmit (CTX) frame.  FIG. 2  at  200  illustrates the procedure of an UL MU MIMO TXOP. A STA, (i.e. STA 1 ) transmits a RTX  205  to the AP. The RTX  205  initiates a TXOP. After the AP transmits a CTX  210  that includes a multi-cast address or a broadcast address as RA, STAs that were polled by the CTX transmit data frames  215 ,  220  and  225  based on the information indicated in the CTX frame  210 . After receiving one or more frames correctly, the AP replies with one or more BAs  230 . 
         [0020]    Within the CTX frame  210 , the AP includes a list of STAs&#39; AIDs, max MCS or stream number for each STA, and the AC number for the upcoming UL MU MIMO transmissions. 
         [0021]      FIG. 3  at  300  provides a first example frame format of a Clear to Transmit (CTX) according to embodiments of the present invention. It may include frame control  305 , duration  310 , RA  315 , AID 1   320 , Max MCS for AID  1   325 , AID N  330 , and Max MCS for AIDN  335 . 
         [0022]      FIG. 4  at  400  provides a second example frame format of a Clear to Transmit (CTX) according to embodiments of the present invention. This embodiment may include frame control  405 , duration  410 , RA  415 , AID 1   420 , Stream number for AID  1   425 , AID N  430 , and Stream number for AID N  435 . 
         [0023]    Turning now to  FIG. 5  at  500  is an illustration of UL MU MIMO TXOP (error handling) according to embodiments of the present invention.  FIG. 5  depicts an example when one of the UL MU MIMO transmissions is not received correctly. If STA  2  does not receive a BA for itself (shown as  510  with the Data for ST 2  crossed off) but has received BAs for other STAs (for example, Data (STAT)  520  and Data (STA 3 )  530 ) from the AP, the STA should initiate success backoff by setting CW=CWmin. This is because if the AP can decode any of the data frame in the UL MU MIMO transmission and send back at least one BA, there is no collision at the AP. Thus, the most likely cause for packet corruption is due to interference, channel variation and noise. The STA should not initiate exponential backoff in this case. Similarly, if a STA has more traffic to send and it has received at least one BA from the AP even if the BA is not intended for itself, it can initiate success backoff. If no BA is received from the AP, the STA initiates exponential backoff. 
         [0024]    Looking now at  FIG. 6  is an illustration that shows that different access categories (ACs) may be included in the same UL MU MIMO transmission  600 . AC_VI  610 : video access category, AC_VO  620 : voice access category, and AC_BE  630 : best effort access category. Although not illustrated herein, AC_BK (background access category) may be provided as an embodiment of the present invention. 
         [0025]    While certain features of the invention have been illustrated and described herein, many modifications, substitutions, changes, and equivalents may occur to those skilled in the art. It is, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as fall within the true spirit of the invention.