Abstract:
Disclosed in this application is a u-shaped grommet for use in a refrigerator. The grommet is fixed so as to allow wires to be routed towards an opening in the liner of the refrigerator, pass through the opening in the liner, and exit the grommet in the opposite direction as the wires entered. The grommet is preferably molded to the wires so that the combined product is inseparable from the wiring which it protects. The grommet is also described as a single piece grommet, although multiple piece grommets are anticipated. 
     Further disclosed in this application is an improved pass-through hinge for routing utilities, including water and electricity, from the door to the body of the refrigerator. The improved hinge features a hollow hinge pin through which utilities may be routed, thereby overcoming the deficiencies of the current state of the art.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application represents a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/732,710 entitled “METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ROUTING UTILITIES IN A REFRIGERATOR” filed Mar. 26, 2010, currently allowed. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Refrigerators are generally constructed of an outer shell, a liner defining a fresh food or freezer compartment, and an insulating layer between the shell and liner. The liner encloses all but one side of the fresh food compartment and a door, drawer, or other movable surface encloses the remaining side. The liner is typically designed to define separate compartments for the freezer and fresh food compartments. 
     The size of the liner, and therefore the space available is also constrained. The shell of the refrigerator is generally limited in size by industry standards, usually 32-36 inches in width, 23-29 inches in depth, and 60-84 inches in height. Sufficient insulation to keep the refrigerated and freezer compartments at an appropriate temperature also must be installed. This amount will vary by the type of insulation used, desired efficiency, air flow, and other factors. These conditions therefore limit the available space within the liner as well as the available space between the liner and shell. 
     Older model refrigerators only required power for a compressor to provide cooling to the fresh food and freezer compartments and therefore had fairly simple wiring requirements. Modern refrigerators route electrical wires throughout the interior of the appliance in order to control and power a variety of functions and features. Recent consumer demand for more features requires more complicated power distribution; these features include in-door ice and water dispensing, separately cooled compartments, a variety of lighting arrangements, and air circulating fans. 
     In order to service these demands, wire harnesses are installed between the outer shell of a refrigerator and the inner liner, passing through the insulation separating the two. One or more wiring harnesses transfers power from the input or source to a controller which distributes wire throughout the refrigerator. Additional wire harnesses from the controller to the various components generally carry one or two types of electrical current: high voltage and/or low voltage. 
     High voltage current is used for powering components. For example, a compressor requires a certain amount of power to operate. A wiring harnesses providing power to the compressor therefore must be sized to compensate for the amount of power required and be routed so that heating of the electrical components does not cause a fire or otherwise damage the insulation or liner. 
     In contrast, low voltage current is used for transferring signals between components. For example, when ice is desired from a digital ice dispenser, it is necessary to send a signal to the ice dispenser to dispense ice. The signal may take several forms, a pulse-modulated signal, amplitude or frequency modulation of a sinusoidal wave, impulse signal, or other means of electronic communication. The ice dispensing is typically performed through the use of an auger located within an ice storage bucket. A low voltage signal is sent from the control panel of the ice dispenser to the auger, indicating that the auger should be rotated to deliver ice. It is not necessary for the wire carrying this signal to be sized to the same gage as the high voltage current wires; therefore these wires can be routed more easily in narrow spaces. 
     Because some wiring harnesses are composed of both high and low voltage wires, the wires are generally bundled together and routed as an individual, considerably larger, strand. 
     Additionally, in efforts to obtain more interior space in fresh food and/or freezer compartments, components are being reduced in size and positioned in increasingly small areas. For example, in some of Assignee&#39;s products, the icemaker has been relocated to a position above the fresh food compartment while storage of ice has been relocated to the door, providing more shelf space within the body of the refrigerated compartment for storage of food or other products. 
     In relocating the icemaker to a position above the fresh food compartment, the amount of available space has further limited by the direction the wires need to be routed. Power supplies, converters, and controllers are located along the refrigerator door or in the body. Wires must therefore be run along the top of the refrigerator, between the shell and interior liner, before passing through the liner to the icemaker assembly. The wires must then be routed in the ice making compartment to the various components located therein. 
     The liner of a refrigerator is relatively thin, and therefore openings in the liner tend to have a sharp edge. Therefore, a grommet with a rounded edge and soft or otherwise protected opening is inserted into the opening to protect the wires from damage. In some cases, the grommet is integrally molded to the wires, allowing the grommet to be sized to fit the wires exactly. 
     In one circumstance, narrow routing requires the wiring harness to be routed in a first direction, pass through the insulation and inner liner, and then be turned 180 degrees to return from the same direction they approached. 
     Therefore, there has been recognized a need in the art for a grommet which allows for routing wires 180 degrees as they pass through the liner of a refrigerator. 
     There has been recognized a further need in the art for a method of routing wires 180 degrees within a refrigerator to avoid damage to the wires from sharp edges. 
     There has been recognized a further need in the art for a refrigerator with narrow openings for routing wires and attendant apparatus for accomplishing this result. 
     These objections and others readily apparent from the following description are sought to be accomplished by the present invention. 
     Other routing considerations also present persistent problems in refrigerator appliances. It is the intention of this disclosure to anticipate these problems and present solutions. 
     One common routing issue is transferring utilities, including electricity and water, between the refrigerator cabinet and the door of the refrigerator. With door-mounted water and ice dispensers, water, electrical signals and power must be transferred to and from the door mounted dispenser. Various products and methods of routing utilities through the door have been proposed, and the present disclosure seeks to improve the existing state of the art by presenting a novel and useful apparatus and method for routing utilities through the hinge between the refrigerator cabinet and door. 
     The routing of utilities from the door to the refrigerator is of particular concern because of the movement between the two components. The refrigerator door pivots about the hinge and therefore utilities routed through the hinge must be routed so that the door is not constrained from opening, nor are the lines pinched or severed in any way due to continuous and repeated openings of the door. It would therefore be preferable to have the utilities mounted through the hinge, thereby avoiding the need to provide slack in the utilities for the opening or closing of the door. 
     Therefore, there is recognized a need in the art for an improved method for routing utilities through the hinge between the refrigerator and door. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Described herein is an improved wire routing apparatus. According to one embodiment, a grommet comprises a body integrally molded to a wire, the body for mounting in an appliance and having a first face into which the wire enters and a second face from which the wire exits, thereby causing the wire to be reversed 180 degrees as it passes through the grommet. 
     According to a second embodiment, a wire routing hinge comprises a mounting portion and a cylindrical extension, the mounting portion being attached to a refrigerator body and the cylindrical extension providing a pivot point about which the door of the refrigerator may rotate. The cylindrical extension is hollow, thereby allowing utility lines to pass through, and further includes a cutout allowing utility lines to exit from the hollow cylindrical extension. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1A  shows a refrigerator according to one embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 1B  shows the refrigerator with the doors open demonstrating the location of the ice maker. 
         FIG. 2  shows a side view of the grommet with wires passing through. 
         FIG. 3  shows the grommet positioned within the refrigerated cabinet. 
         FIG. 4  shows a perspective view of the grommet with wires passing through. 
         FIG. 5  shows a side cutaway view of the grommet according to one embodiment. 
         FIG. 6  shows a top view of the hinge of the refrigerator. 
         FIG. 7  shows a cutaway side view of the hinge of the refrigerator. 
         FIG. 8  shows a perspective view of the hinge. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The invention will now be described in detail according to the preferred embodiment with reference to the attached figures where numerals relate to their like in the following description. 
     A refrigerator is generally shown in  FIG. 1A . In the preferred embodiment, the grommet is for use in a bottom mount freezer with either a single door or French doors (shown). It is also possible that the grommet may find utility in a side-by-side or top-mounted freezer. It should also be appreciated that the present invention may be used in a variety of refrigerators and in any context. While the grommet is generally shown inside the refrigerator between the liner and insulation, those skilled in the art will recognize that a grommet may be put to a variety of other uses. 
       FIG. 1B  shows the refrigerator with the doors open, demonstrating the arrangement of the interior of the refrigerator. As shown, the refrigerator has a fresh food compartment  16  and a freezer compartment  18 . Adjacent to the top of the fresh food compartment  16  and abutting the top of the liner  14  is an ice making compartment  20  which houses an ice mold, impingement fan, light, water storage, and associated valves and solenoids for controlling water flow. The ice making compartment  20  is separated from the fresh food compartment  16  by a cove  22  securing and positioning these various components. 
       FIG. 2  is a perspective view of the grommet showing the wires present. The grommet generally consists of a mounting body with wire guides on opposite sides of the body. 
     The mounting body of the grommet comprises a top face  36 , a bottom face  40 , and a deformable seal  38  between the two faces. The grommet may be formed of flexible or rigid materials. According to the preferred embodiment, the bottom face  40  is generally rectangular and has tabs  42  extending from the edges of the rectangle. When the lower face  40  of the grommet is pushed into the opening  24  in the liner  14 , these tabs  42  deform or collapse, allowing the grommet to pass through the opening  24 . Once through, the tabs  42  reform to their original dimensions and the grommet is secured in place. This allows an installer to easily snap the grommet in place. In this arrangement, it is preferred that the seal  38  is either non-deformable or the top face  36  is larger than the opening  24  in the liner  14 . 
     The grommet is typically installed so that the bottom face  40  is more aesthetically pleasing, and therefore the grommet is installed with the bottom face  40  inside the refrigerator. The only way therefore to remove the grommet would be to remove the refrigerator shell  12 . It may also be preferable to install the grommet so that it may be removed from within the refrigerator, for example if there is a need to repair or replace wires passing through the grommet. This may be accomplished by either installing the same grommet described above in an opposing orientation, or the grommet may have an alternative design. 
     One type of design which may allow the grommet to be installed and removed from within the refrigerator is to design the bottom face  40  to be slightly larger than the opening into which the grommet is inserted. The top face  36  would then be sized so that it is slightly smaller than the opening, allowing the grommet to pass through. The deformable seal  38  about the perimeter of the grommet should be deformed as the grommet is pushed through the opening, but reform once the seal is passed through. This deformable seal  38  will provide resistance to the grommet working its way out of the opening on its own. 
     The grommet may also be fashioned in multiple parts or rigid materials. For example, the grommet may consist of two ninety-degree components which are joined at the opening in the liner  14 . One of the components is installed from one side of the opening and the other component is installed from the other side of the opening. Such an arrangement can be formed entirely of rigid materials as it would not require passing a component larger than the opening through the opening. 
     The grommet is further shown in  FIG. 4 . As shown in this drawing, the top and bottom surfaces of the mounting body each include a wire routing element. Each wire routing element is designed to route wires 90 degrees, for a total of 180 degrees. 
     According to the preferred embodiment, the 180 degree grommet is formed of deformable material, such as rubber or an elastic plastic material. It is preferred that the wires are first formed in the arrangement as shown. The wires are then placed into a mold which forms the overall shape of the finished grommet. The deformable material is then passed into the mold, encircling the wires and filling the mold completely. Once the deformable material has set, the mold is opened and the finished grommet may be withdrawn. The wires are therefore set into the grommet and cannot be moved or accidentally slip back through the mold, as may be the case with open-channel grommets. The grommet includes faces  46  and  50  that have openings facing in the same direction through which the wires  32  extend. The arrangement of molding the wires directly within the grommet also saves time routing the wires through the grommet and reduces the chance for error. 
     The grommet may also be formed without the wires being integrally molded to the product. For example, the grommet may be formed with an open channel passing from a surface on the top wire routing element  44 , through the mounting body, and exiting through a similarly facing surface in the bottom wire routing element  48 . This channel allows a wire to be inserted through the surface of the top wire routing element  44 , through the grommet, and exit in an opposing direction from the bottom wire routing element  48 . This arrangement further allows variations of wires to be inserted through the grommet without fixing the number or quality of wires passing through. 
     The routing of the wires  32  through the grommet  30  has been generally shown in  FIG. 5 . This shows how the wires are arranged within the grommet to avoid being tangled or damaged by the sharp turn about the cutout in the liner. 
     A number of other variations on the invention may be used without departing from the intended scope of the invention. For example, the grommet may be used between fresh food and freezer compartments. Alternatively, the grommet may be used in an environment intended to be watertight, and therefore have a seal designed to be water tight. This may require additional caulking or epoxy about the sealing surface of the grommet. The grommet has also been shown and described as generally rectangular, but it is anticipated that the grommet may be circular, oblong, square, or any other shape. The grommet has also been shown to be used in a refrigerator, however it should be appreciated to those skilled in the art that the grommet may be used outside of the refrigerator context and used more broadly. 
     Further described by this invention is an improved utility routing hinge  60  as shown in  FIGS. 6-8 . This improved utility routing hinge  60  is useful between the fresh food compartment  16  and door, shown in  FIG. 6 . The hinge  60  generally consists of a mounting bracket  62  and a cylindrical extension  64  which acts as a hinge pin. The mounting bracket  62  has a plurality of mounting holes  66  positioned thereon, the mounting holes  66  for securing the hinge  60  to the refrigerator cabinet  16 . 
     The cylindrical extension  64  is generally hollow, allowing electrical  72  and water  74  conduits to pass through. Near the point where the cylindrical extension  64  and mounting bracket  62  join is a cutout  70  through the wall of the cylindrical extension  64 . This cutout  70  allows the electrical  72  and wire conduits  74  to pass out of the hollow interior of the cylindrical extension and pass to the refrigerator, as shown in  FIG. 7 . 
     This cylindrical extension  64  has the additional benefit of providing a pivot point about which the refrigerator door can rotate. By passing utilities such as water and electricity through the hinge between the door and refrigerator cabinet, the distance traversed by the utility lines  72 ,  74  between the door mounted dispenser and the connection point in the refrigerator is a consistent distance as the door is opened. With this benefit, it is not necessary to include extra lengths of wires  72  or water lines  74  to account for the changing distance. 
     In use, the improved hinge is preferably attached to the refrigerator cabinet  16  by means of the mounting bracket  62  and fasteners through the mounting holes  66 . These fasteners may be screws, adhesives, pins, or any other fastening apparatus commonly known to those in the art. The hinge  60  may also be integrally formed to the shell  12 , liner  14 , or some other component of the refrigerator. 
     The cylindrical extension  64  is aligned with the door and provides a pivot point about which the door rotates. A complimentary cylinder or other pivot point supports the bottom of the door. Utilities, preferably electrical wires  72  and water conduits  74  are routed from the door, through the center of the cylindrical extension  64 , and pass through the cutout  70 . These utilities then pass between the first  76  and second  78  legs of the cylindrical extension  64  and are connected to the water and electrical systems of the refrigerator. The first  76  and second  78  legs are preferably spaced apart to provide access to the utilities as shown in  FIG. 6 . However, it should be appreciated that the mounting plate  62  may be a single piece rather than a pair of legs. 
     The invention has been shown and described above with the preferred embodiments, and it is understood that many modifications, substitutions, and additions may be made which are within the intended spirit and scope of the invention. From the foregoing, it can be seen that the present invention accomplishes at least all of its stated objectives.