Abstract:
The present invention concerns a Magnus rotor comprising a guide roller which is arranged at the lower outer periphery of the Magnus rotor and which bears against the Magnus rotor in play-free relationship, a walkway surface arranged beneath the guide roller, and a cover which covers the guide roller and the walkway surface. In an opened condition the cover exposes the guide roller and the walkway surface so that a person on the walkway surface can perform working operations at the guide roller.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
       [0001]    1. Technical Field 
         [0002]    The present invention concerns a Magnus rotor having a guide roller cover. 
         [0003]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0004]    Magnus rotors are also referred to as Flettner rotors or sailing rotors. 
         [0005]    Magnus rotors are known in the state of the art. Particularly as ship drives, they have also become known by the term Flettner rotors and equipping ships with such a Flettner rotor or Magnus rotor is described in the book “Die Segelmaschine” by Klaus D. Wagner which appeared in Ernst Kabel Verlag GmbH, Hamburg, 1991. 
         [0006]    CH 116268 discloses a Magnus rotor having a guide with a plurality of guide wheels. The guide rollers can be arranged within the Magnus rotor and support it from the interior or also outside it in order to support the Magnus rotor from the exterior. Resilient tires like the wheels of motor vehicles are used as the guide rollers. 
         [0007]    WO 2006/133950 A2 discloses a Magnus rotor having at least three guide rollers which are arranged at the lower outer periphery of the Magnus rotor and bear against it in play-free relationship. The guide rollers are covered with a segmented cover. 
         [0008]    What is common to all the above-described covers for the guide rollers of a Magnus rotor is that they cover the guide rollers to protect them from fouling and damage and to prevent people or articles from coming into contact with the guide rollers and as a result being injured or damaged, precisely when a Magnus rotor is rotating. In that case those covers have to be removed to give access to the guide rollers protected therebeneath if they have to be replaced or maintained. 
         [0009]    In that respect, providing access to the guide rollers under the covers and implementing maintenance and replacement of guide rollers by operating personnel represents a not inconsiderable complication and expenditure. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY 
       [0010]    There is described a Magnus rotor having a carrier arranged in the interior of the Magnus rotor. The Magnus rotor has a rotor which rotates about the carrier in operation of the Magnus rotor. A bearing carries the rotor on the carrier. Beneath its guide rollers the Magnus rotor has a respective walkway surface which is also covered and protected when the cover is pivoted up. In the downwardly pivoted condition the cover exposes both the guide roller on which operations are to be effected and also the walkway surface thereof so that this surface can be walked upon or used for carrying out the operation and the operating personnel can safely perform maintenance or replacement from that walkway surface. 
         [0011]    An advantage of that walkway surface is that this avoids the necessity for the personnel having to establish access to the corresponding guide roller for maintenance or replacement operations, by way of a ladder or working platform. It is precisely on the deck of a ship that such a ladder or working platform could be safeguarded against slipping or movement, only at a major level of complication and expenditure. In addition, in the case of a ship&#39;s deck which is always wet due to rain and spray it is never possible to completely eliminate the risk of slipping, which also causes for example ladders or working platforms to slip out of position. Thus ladders, working platforms and similar aids for reaching a guide roller always represent a source of danger to the operating personnel, which according to the invention can be avoided by the walkway surface provided beneath or beside the guide roller. In addition, beside a cover in the downwardly folded condition, there may be no space or scarcely any space to position a ladder or working platform there, or at least in such a way that access to the guide roller to be able to carry out the operations is possible therefrom. In addition, setting up and removing a ladder or a working platform represents additional complication which can be avoided by the provision of an integrated walkway surface. Thus the provision of the walkway surface according to the invention under the guide roller means that the operation in itself is not only safer but can also be carried out more easily and with a greater saving of time. 
         [0012]    In accordance with an aspect of the invention the walkway surface is in the form of part of a base plate or a ship&#39;s deck or the like, on which the Magnus rotor is fixed. That ensures that the walkway surface cannot move relative to the ship&#39;s deck as it is in the form of part of the deck, that is to say it is a part of the ship&#39;s deck or also the foot or substructure of the Magnus rotor. 
         [0013]    In a further aspect of the invention the walkway surface is provided with a surface or the surface is coated to prevent slipping on the walkway surface. That is advantageous to reduce the risk of slipping when walking on the walkway surface or standing thereon as it is precisely when carrying out operations on a ship&#39;s deck that the operating personnel is seriously endangered by tripping over or falling, for example by falling overboard. 
         [0014]    In an aspect of the invention the cover has a motion device which is adapted to hold the cover in the opened condition at a vertical height above the walkway surface. That motion device on the one hand permits the cover or each cover segment to be folded up and down. On the other hand, that prevents the cover segment from being folded down or dropping down completely onto the underlying surface or the ship&#39;s deck as the cover segment can be held at a given height above the underlying surface or ship&#39;s deck by the motion device. In that case it is advantageous for that given height to be so selected that the cover segment is positioned at least partially above the walkway surface. That arrangement can provide that the cover segment in the folded-down condition affords protection for preventing a person who is on the walkway surface from falling onto the underlying surface or the ship&#39;s deck. 
         [0015]    In a further aspect of the invention the motion device is adapted, in the opened condition of the cover, to extend in a substantially radial direction of the Magnus rotor from same to the opened cover above the walkway surface. As a result of that arrangement the folded-down cover rearwardly and/or the motion device towards the sides jointly or in each case alone form protection against a person on the walkway surface from falling down. That arrangement so-to-speak forms a working pulpit to afford a person on the walkway surface protection against falling down in all directions. 
         [0016]    In an aspect of the invention the motion device is secured in the closed condition of the cover by means of an arresting device. That is advantageous as the cover can be secured by that arresting means and can be secured against accidental downward pivotal movement, that is to say opening, in particular when a ship on which the Magnus rotor is used is subject to a heavy swell. In addition each segment of the cover can be opened individually, that is to say pivoted downwardly, by means of that arresting arrangement. That arresting arrangement is advantageously accessible from the exterior and is to be quickly and easily operated without auxiliary means and tools, for example by a rotary movement through 90°. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0017]    Embodiments by way of example and advantages of the invention are described more fully hereinafter with reference to the following Figures. 
           [0018]      FIG. 1  shows a diagrammatic perspective view of a Magnus rotor, 
           [0019]      FIG. 2  shows a diagrammatic simplified side view of a Magnus rotor, 
           [0020]      FIG. 3  shows a diagrammatic perspective view of a Magnus rotor, 
           [0021]      FIG. 4  shows a diagrammatic perspective view of a Magnus rotor, 
           [0022]      FIG. 5  shows a diagrammatic simplified view of cover segments of the guide rollers of a Magnus rotor, 
           [0023]      FIG. 6  shows a view of a Magnus rotor whose cover segments of the guide rollers are closed, 
           [0024]      FIG. 7  shows a view of a Magnus rotor whose cover segments of the guide rollers are partially opened, 
           [0025]      FIG. 8  shows a view of guide rollers of a Magnus rotor, 
           [0026]      FIG. 9  shows a view of a guide roller of a Magnus rotor, whose cover segment is opened, and 
           [0027]      FIG. 10  shows a detail view of a Magnus rotor. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0028]      FIG. 1  shows a diagrammatic perspective view of a Magnus rotor  2 . The Magnus rotor  2  has a rotor  8  which is preferably cylindrical. An end plate  10  is mounted at the upper end of the rotor  8 . Insofar as the Magnus rotor  2  is mounted on a base plate (not shown) such as for example a ship&#39;s deck or the like, a corresponding end plate is not required at its lower end as that is formed by the base plate or the deck itself. The rotor  8  is carried by a carrier  4  which is arranged in the interior of the rotor  8  and on which the rotor  8  rotates, by way of a bearing  6 . The bearing  6  can be a known rolling bearing or any other suitable bearing configuration. 
         [0029]      FIG. 2  shows a diagrammatic simplified side view of a Magnus rotor  2  with inwardly disposed carrier  4 , the upwardly disposed rotor  8 , the bearing  6  and the end plate  10 . The Magnus rotor  2  is fixed on an underlying base structure  20  which can be a base plate, a ship&#39;s deck or the like. In addition  FIG. 2  shows guide rollers  12  and covers  28   a  and  28   d.  The covers  28   a  and  28   d  cover the lower peripheral edge of the rotor  8  and the guide rollers  12  and on the one hand thus prevent foreign bodies from passing into the drive or the guide rollers  12  and on the other hand ensure that operating personnel cannot be injured at exposed rotating parts. 
         [0030]      FIG. 3  shows a diagrammatic perspective view of a Magnus rotor  2 . In this case the rotor  8  is shown with a closed surface so that the carrier  4  is not shown. In this Figure the covers  28  are shown in a closed position, that is to say in an upwardly folded position, so that the covers  28  cover the guide rollers  12 . 
         [0031]      FIG. 4  show a diagrammatic perspective view of a Magnus rotor  2  with the covers  28  opened, that is to say folded downwardly, thus opening a view onto the guide rollers  12  disposed therebeneath. 
         [0032]      FIG. 5  shows a diagrammatic simplified view of cover segments  28   a  to  28   h  of the guide rollers  12  of a Magnus rotor  2 , in a plan view onto the rotor  8  without the end plate  10  and without illustrating the carrier  4  and the bearing  6 . Covers  28   a  to  28   h  are arranged around the outer periphery of the rotor  8 . In this case the covers  28   a,    28   b  and  28   c  are covers, below which the guide rollers  12  are arranged, while the covers  28   d  to  28   h  cover the guide rollers  12 . Due to the segmenting, it is not necessary for the entire cover to be removed every time in order to have access to individual parts of the drive and guide system. 
         [0033]      FIG. 6  shows a view of a Magnus rotor  2  whose cover segments  28   a  to  28   h  for the guide rollers  12  are closed. This shows the lower region of a Magnus rotor  8  which is fixed on an underlying base structure  20  like the deck of a ship. 
         [0034]      FIG. 7  shows a view of a Magnus rotor  2  whose cover segments  28   a  to  28   h  of the guide rollers are partially opened. In this case the cover segments  28   a  to  28   c  are opened, that is to say pivoted downwardly in the direction of the underlying base structure  20  like a ship&#39;s deck. It is possible to see the guide rollers  12 , wherein each guide roller  12  can be covered under a respective one of the cover segments  28   a  to  28   h.    
         [0035]      FIG. 8  shows a view of guide rollers  12  of a Magnus rotor  2 . Tires of motor vehicles can be used as the guide rollers  12 . In this case profile-less tires are to be used to reduce the generation of noise when the rotor  8  is moving. The guide rollers  12  are mounted on an axis of rotation oriented parallel to the axis of rotation of the Magnus rotor  2 . They are provided at the lower peripheral edge of the rotor  8 . The guide rollers  12  are distributed over the entire periphery of the rotor  8  and bear in play-free relationship thereagainst. Even if therefore a tilting moment should occur for example due to a gust of wind and the fact that the bearing is arranged relatively high (see for example  FIG. 2 ), that cannot lead to a swinging movement of the rotor  8  as the guide rollers  12  reliably prevent that. This ensures that the rotor  8  always performs a precise rotary movement. 
         [0036]    A substantial advantage of this guide system lies in its good accessibility and its simple structure. In that respect the structure of the guide rollers  12 , due to the use of motor vehicle tires, corresponds to the structure of a wheel suspension in a motor vehicle. Therefore the manner in which the guide rollers  12  are mounted is familiar and known, and for that reason replacement of the guide rollers  12  can be effected very easily and without requiring tools or special training for same as it is only necessary to have the same tool as when changing a tire on a motor vehicle. 
         [0037]    It is also advantageous that the guide rollers  12  are disposed outside the rotor  8 . Thus no parts which wear or can be damaged are disposed on the rotor  8 . Replacement of guide rollers  12  is also possible without any problem as the guide rollers  12  are accessible from the exterior. Maintenance is also simplified as it is possible to carry out a visual check even in ongoing operation as the operator does not have to step into the interior of the Magnus rotor  2 . In that way it is possible to remove faults at a low level of complication and expenditure. 
         [0038]      FIG. 9  shows a view of a guide roller  12  of a Magnus rotor  2  whose cover segment  28   a  is opened. The adjacent cover segments  28   b  and  28   h  are closed. In this case the cover segment  28   a  is pivoted downwardly so far that a walkway surface  29  beneath the guide roller  12  is visible. That walkway surface  29  is provided beneath the guide roller  12  and is also covered by the cover segment  28   a  when the latter is pivoted up over the guide roller  12  and closed. Rods  30  are provided at both sides of the cover segment  28   a  for pivoting the cover segment  28   a  up and down. The cover segment  28   a  is secured in the upwardly pivoted position by means of two levers  31   a  and  31   b.    
         [0039]      FIG. 10  shows a detail view of a Magnus rotor  2 . This view shows the rotor  8  with end plate  10 . The rotor  8  of the Magnus rotor  2  is supported with the bearing  6  on the inwardly disposed carrier  4 . Shown in the lower region of the rotor  8  are the guide rollers  12  and their covers  28 , here the cover segments  28   a  and  28   d.  In addition, arranged in the interior of the carrier  4  is a drive  15  which drives the rotor  8  by means of a drive shaft  15   a  which is passed through the bearing  6  from the carrier  4  into the rotor  8 . In this case the rotor  8  and the drive shaft  15   a  have the same axis of rotation. 
         [0040]    A substantial advantage of the cover  28  for the guide rollers  12  is on the one hand that the individual cover segments  28   a  to  28   h  can be closed and opened, that is to say pivoted up and down, independently of each other. In that way individual guide rollers  12  can be maintained or replaced without in that case the entire cover  28  having to be removed and re-fitted. 
         [0041]    In addition the walkway surface  29  makes it possible to perform maintenance or replacement of a guide roller  12  from a safe working position for the operating personnel. Thus the walkway surface  29  is in the form of a component part of the lower region of the Magnus rotor  2  or is fixedly mounted thereto. In that way, even in the event of severe movements of the ship, the walkway surface cannot experience any relative movement with respect to the Magnus rotor  2  and the guide rollers  12 , by which the personnel working on the guide roller  12  and standing on the walkway surface  29  could be endangered. That avoids the necessity for the personnel for maintenance or replacement operations having to gain access to the corresponding guide roller  12  by way of a ladder or working platforms which always represent a source of danger for the operating personnel, precisely on a wet and thus slippery deck surface of a ship. 
         [0042]    The cover segment  28   a  can be operated, that is to say pivoted up and down, easily and in a space-saving fashion, by virtue of the rods  30 . In addition the rods are so provided that they hold the cover segment  28   a  in a position in which it is pivoted downwardly so far that the cover segment  28   a  is held at a height such that the cover segment  28   a  forms a parapet in a radial direction, that is to say behind a person standing on the walkway surface  29 , that is to say it affords protection against falling down off the walkway surface towards the rear. In that case the rods  30  serve as lateral protection against falling off. In that fashion the downwardly pivoted cover segment  28   a  and the rods  30  give the operating personnel on the walkway surface  29 , for example when working on the guide roller, a protected region in which the working operations can be carried out in relative safety, that is to say the personnel is protected from falling off, at least towards the side and towards the rear. That is particularly advantageous when using a Magnus rotor  2  on a ship as falling down can then easily end in falling overboard. 
         [0043]    The use of two levers  31   a  and  31   b  is advantageous to secure the cover segment  28   a  on both sides and thus to distribute the loading uniformly to both sides of the cover segment  28   a.  The levers  31   a  and  31   b  which are accessible from outside the cover segment  28   a  provide that the cover segment  28   a  can be operated easily, accessibly, and quickly and by a person without a tool or auxiliary means. In this case the levers  31   a  and  31   b  can be so provided that they can be turned by a 90° rotation about their axis of rotation perpendicularly to the outside surface of the cover segment  28   a  in that region to release and close their arresting action. 
         [0044]    The various embodiments described above can be combined to provide further embodiments. All of the U.S. patents, U.S. patent application publications, U.S. patent applications, foreign patents, foreign patent applications and non-patent publications referred to in this specification and/or listed in the Application Data Sheet are incorporated herein by reference, in their entirety. Aspects of the embodiments can be modified, if necessary to employ concepts of the various patents, applications and publications to provide yet further embodiments. 
         [0045]    These and other changes can be made to the embodiments in light of the above-detailed description. In general, in the following claims, the terms used should not be construed to limit the claims to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification and the claims, but should be construed to include all possible embodiments along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. Accordingly, the claims are not limited by the disclosure.