Abstract:
Configurably storing data in a plurality of files based on expressions and conditions associated with the data. Logging software enables tracking of the navigation pattern of users for selected network properties under specified conditions. The logging software is configurable such that most current and future logging specifications may be fulfilled without any code changes to the logging software.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
   Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of data logging. In particular, embodiments of this invention relate to efficiently filter and organize large amounts of relevant data for storage in a data warehouse. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   A data warehouse is a database designed to support decision-making in an organization. A typical data warehouse is batch updated on a periodic basis and contains an enormous amount of data. For example, large retail organizations may store one hundred gigabytes or more of transaction history in a data warehouse. In another example, tracking the usage of different resources or properties (e.g., web sites) across a network involves logging billions of hits every day and storing them in the data warehouse. The data in a data warehouse is typically historical and static and may also contain numerous summaries. It is structured to support a variety of analyses, including elaborate queries on large amounts of data that can require extensive searching. 
   Existing systems require creation of a new service to log information to different files within the data warehouse. Further, existing systems are restrictive in that they fail to allow customization of the files including customization of the columns in the files. Such systems also limit the log cut frequency to hourly and daily values. 
   A data warehouse may store user navigation data (e.g., clickstream data). Existing systems track the user navigation patterns by generating cookies and storing relevant information on a client device to be later stored in the data warehouse. Further, the existing systems require creation of a new service to track specific properties (e.g., web pages) or require modification to the properties to be tracked. For example, in existing systems, the individual properties read and write cookies that are stored on the client device. However, such de-centralized systems have to update each of the property pages every time a change in cookie behavior is desired. 
   Accordingly, a configurable logging system that filters, organizes, and stores a large amount of data is desired to address one or more of these and other disadvantages. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   Embodiments of the invention include an expression-based data filtering and storage system that divides data (e.g., log data) into different logical and more manageable portions. The invention is configurable such that logging specifications may be fulfilled by simply modifying configuration information. For example, in a software implementation, no modifications would need to be made to the core software implementing the invention to adjust the logging specifications. The invention further tracks the navigation pattern of users for selected resources under specified conditions (e.g., via the configuration information). For example, the invention includes a central server which reads and writes a cookie with the navigation data to enable centralized behavior tracking such as campaign tracking and click stream preparation. The invention is applicable to any web tracking solution and works as an entry point utility to different web data warehousing and data mining platforms. Further, the invention may be incorporated into existing web servers or application programs such as INTERNET INFORMATION SERVICES brand web server software by Microsoft Corp. of Redmond, Wash. 
   The invention identifies desired data and only stores the identified data in accordance with the configuration information. In this manner, the invention reduces the amount of memory needed and reduces the complexity of post-storage queries by only storing relevant data. The invention pre-filters received data per configuration information to minimize downstream processing and to enable data sampling prior to storage of the data. In one form, the invention receives data and organizes the data in real-time. The invention also enables data sampling, partitioning, cleaning, and transformation prior to storing the data. 
   In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a method organizes data prior to storing the data. The method includes accessing configuration information associated with the data to be stored. The configuration information includes at least one expression. The method also includes receiving data including at least one condition, evaluating the expression based on the condition, and storing the received data in accordance with the evaluated expression. 
   In accordance with another aspect of the invention, one or more computer-readable media have computer-executable components for filtering data prior to storing the data. The components include a configuration component to access configuration information associated with the data to be stored. The configuration information includes at least one expression. The components also include an interface component to receive data including at least one condition. The components also include an expression component to evaluate the expression accessed by the configuration component based on the condition received by the interface component. The components also include a storage component to store the data received by the interface component in accordance with the expression evaluated by the expression component. 
   In accordance with still another aspect of the invention, a system organizes data prior to storing the data. The data includes at least one condition. The system includes a memory area to store configuration information associated with the data to be stored. The configuration information includes at least one expression. The system also includes a computing device to process data. The system also includes a computer-readable medium that stores computer-executable instructions to be executed on the computing device to evaluate the expression based on the condition and to store the received data in accordance with the evaluated expression 
   In accordance with yet another aspect of the invention, a method tracks user behavior. The method includes accessing configuration information including at least one expression defining a specific user navigation path. The method also includes receiving, from a computing device, clickstream data including at least one condition. The method also includes analyzing the clickstream data by evaluating the expression using the condition to determine a relationship between the user navigation path and the clickstream data. The method also includes storing the clickstream data in accordance with the determined relationship. 
   Alternatively, the invention may comprise various other methods and apparatuses. 
   Other features will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is an exemplary embodiment of a client/server network system and a data collection and warehousing system. 
       FIG. 2  is an exemplary flow chart illustrating operation of intelligent logging software according to the invention. 
       FIG. 3  is an exemplary block diagram illustrating the elements of an expression-based data filtering and storage system according to the invention. 
       FIG. 4  is an exemplary flow chart illustrating condition evaluation according to the invention. 
       FIG. 5  is a block diagram illustrating one example of a suitable computing system environment in which the invention may be implemented. 
   

   Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings. 
   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
   Data Warehousing 
   Referring first to  FIG. 1 , an exemplary embodiment of the invention includes a client/server network system  50  and a data collection and warehousing system  54 .  FIG. 1  shows the network system  50  comprising a plurality of servers  51  and clients  52 . These computers  51 ,  52  are connected for high-speed data communications over a network  53 , using well-known networking technology. The Internet is one example of network  53 . Servers  51  accept requests from large numbers of remote network clients  52 . The data servers  51  provide responses comprising data that potentially includes graphically formatted information pages. In many cases, the data is in the form of hypertext markup language (HTML) documents. In addition to the servers  51  and clients  52 , the system of  FIG. 1  includes a central collection facility or data warehousing system  54 . The data warehousing system  54  communicates through network  53  with other network nodes such as servers  51  and clients  52 , although other means of communication may also be utilized. 
   Logging software, executing on servers  51  or other computing devices (e.g., associated with the data warehouse system  54 ), receives log records from a plurality of servers. Each of the log records represents, for example, a request for a web page. The operation of exemplary logging software of the invention is next described. 
   Operation of the Logging Software 
   Referring next to  FIG. 2 , an exemplary flow chart illustrates operation of intelligent logging software. The logging software organizes data prior to storing the data. For example, the logging software may be configured to only log clickstream data from users who click on banner A then banner B. In another embodiment, the logging software operates to only track server X during interval Y. In particular, the logging software accesses configuration information associated with the data to be stored at  202 . For example, the logging software may read configuration information from a central hierarchical database. The configuration information includes at least one expression. An expression includes a combination of symbols (e.g., identifiers, values, and operators) that yields a result (e.g., a value representing a condition) upon evaluation. The web server establishes the configuration information at some time prior to operation of the logging software. For example, the logging software may receive the configuration information from a user. The logging software receives data (e.g., from a computing device) including at least one condition representing the state of an expression or variable at  204 . The logging software authenticates the computing device and opens a plurality of files to store the received data. For example, the received data may include clickstream web data. The logging software evaluates the expression based on the condition at  206  and formats the data in accordance with the accessed configuration information at  208  prior to storing the data per the evaluated expression at  210 . For example, the evaluated expression may indicate that only a portion of the received data should be stored. 
   In one form, the logging software recursively evaluates portions of the expression using the condition. In another form, the logging software evaluates the expression by forwarding the received data to a filter component to evaluate the expression using the condition. The logging software receives the evaluated expression from the filter component. The logging software stores the received log data by preparing column data responsive to the received data, the evaluated expression, and the configuration information. The logging software stores the prepared column data in a file. 
   The logging software maintains a history of evaluated expressions to track a sequence of the evaluated expressions. For example, the logging component tracks the user behavior by centrally controlling or otherwise managing the reading and writing of cookies on the computing device. The cookie is associated with the computing device generating the received data and indicates the sequence of the evaluated expressions. The logging software supports multiple and conditional cookies as specified by the configuration information. In one embodiment, the logging software receives and evaluates the received data in real-time. In another embodiment, the logging software batches the received data and analyzes the batched data. The invention enables data sampling prior to storage of the data as well as after storage of the data. The invention also enables data sampling, partitioning, cleaning, and transformation prior to storing the data. One or more computer-readable media have computer-executable instructions for performing the method illustrated in  FIG. 2 . 
   Exemplary components of the logging software of the invention are next described. 
   Structure of the Logging Software 
   Referring next to  FIG. 3 , an exemplary block diagram illustrates elements in the logging software  302  of the invention. While described in the context of a web server  304  generating notifications  306 , the invention is operable with any web server or other data source. In one embodiment, the logging software  302  is an Internet server application programming interface (ISAPI) filter (e.g., GenLogFilter) responsive to a filter notification  306  such as SF_NOTIFY_AUTH_COMPLETE received from the web server  304 . In one example, the web server  304  sends the notification  306  to the logging software  302  just after authenticating the user associated with the data and before preparing the response headers. During startup, the logging software  302  performs configuration initialization, authentication, and file creation. The logging software  302  also initializes management of log cut data. Log cut data identifies the circumstances (e.g., time intervals) in which a new file is to be opened. At the specified intervals, the logging software  302  opens a new file to store data. After startup, the logging software  302  is ready to receive data. 
   When the web server  304  receives a user request, the web server  304  sends the notification  306  to the logging software  302 . The logging software  302  performs various operations responsive to receipt of this notification  306  such as parsing the raw data (e.g., hypertext transfer protocol data) and preparing the column data. The logging software  302  also writes the data to the log as specified by the configuration information. The logging software  302  prepares the set-cookie header using the column data and sends the cookie to the client via a web server  304  function such as AddResponseHeaders. The logging software  302  performs the exemplary operations when the notification  306  is received from the web server  304 . The web server  304  calls another exposed function such as TerminateFilter to stop execution of the logging software  302 . TerminateFilter also frees all resources associated with the logging software  302 . 
   Referring again to  FIG. 3 , an exemplary processing environment organizes data prior to storing the data. The environment includes a memory area  308  storing configuration information, a computing device  310 , and a computer-readable medium  312 . In one embodiment, one or more computer-readable media such as computer-readable medium  312  have computer-executable components for filtering data prior to storing the data. The components include a configuration component  314 , an interface component  316 , an expression component  318 , and a storage component  320 . The memory area  308  stores configuration information associated with the data to be stored. The memory area  308  may be local to or part of the computing device  310  or, alternatively or in addition, may be centrally located such that other computing devices may also access the memory area  308 . Further, the memory area  308  may be the same as or different from the computer-readable medium  312 . The computing device  310  processes the data (e.g., as received from the web server  304  directly or via another computing device). The computer-readable medium  312  stores computer-executable instructions to be executed on the computing device  310  to evaluate the expression based on the condition. The instructions further execute to store the received data (e.g., in another memory area as a plurality of files) in accordance with the evaluated expression. In one embodiment, the computer-executable instructions execute on the computing device  310  in real-time to receive the data and to filter the received data prior to storage of the data. 
   The configuration component  314  accesses configuration information associated with the data to be stored. The configuration information includes at least one expression. The configuration component  314 , when executed, creates structured data with enumerated values associated therewith based on the received configuration information. For example, the configuration component  314 , when executed, reads the configuration information (e.g., from a registry) and translates the read information into a set of structured data with enumerated values for use by the other components. In one embodiment, the configuration component  314  reads the configuration information (e.g., from a registry) and validates the read configuration information. The configuration component  314  assigns default values, enumerates column configurations, and assigns indexes in place of column names. The configuration information is available for use by the system components after being parsed and translated by the configuration component  314 . 
   The interface component  316  receives data including at least one condition. The expression component  318  evaluates the expression based on the condition. The expression component  318 , when executed, performs expression parsing and evaluation of different conditions. The expression component  318  is capable of evaluating expressions having various operators including, but not limited to, “include,” “exclude,” “or,” “and,” “contains,” “not contains,” “beginswith,” “notbeginsWith,” “endswith,” and “notendswith.” Depending upon the complexity of the expression, the expression component  318  creates an expression tree which may be evaluated. 
   The storage component  320  stores the received data in accordance with the evaluated expression. The storage component  320 , when executed, performs write operations to the disk. In one example, the storage component  320  performs the disk write asynchronously using two buffers of two megabytes each. The storage component  320  writes the data to the disk when the buffer is full for the file is being closed. In a multi-threaded application, the web server  304  may call the storage component  320  from different threads simultaneously. The asynchronous implementation of the storage component  320  achieves thread synchronization. 
   The computer-executable components of the logging software  302  also include a scheduling component  322  to create a file for use by the storage component  320  to store the received data. The scheduling component  322 , when executed, creates a waitable timer object having a configurable interval (e.g., one minute). When this object is signaled at the interval, it compares the difference between the current time and the time stamp of the currently open file. If this difference matches a configurable threshold, it calls a function to create a new file. 
   The components further include an authentication component  324  to obtain user information associated with the data received by the interface component  316 . The authentication component  324 , when executed, decrypts an encrypted authentication cookie received with the data from the web server  304  to obtain the user identifier and other profile information. The authentication component  324  returns a data structure populated with the user identifier and profile information responsive to receiving a request from the web server  304 . 
   The components further include a helper component  326  to parse the data received by the interface component  316  for use by the expression component  318 . The helper component  326 , when executed, assists in parsing expressions by storing string values and parsed data. A GenLogFilter main component  328 , when executed, initializes the configuration information, initializes the log files, and initializes log cut management. 
   Configuration Information 
   The configuration information or data includes various configurable entries including, but not limited to, those described herein. Other structures, formats, and content of the configuration information not disclosed herein are also within the scope of the invention. The configuration information includes configurable log columns. The columns and their positions are specified from the predefined set of columns or may be defined as expressions. Configuration data is added as “tag=value” or as a separate column. The column delimiter and line delimiter are configured based on the input specifications. 
   The configuration information also specifies a configurable number of files. The logging software  302  writes to the multiple files based on the evaluated expression. The evaluated expression is based on the presence of some tag or on some specific value or condition in the data incoming from the web server  304 . Configuration information may also specify an error file to store the log entries that do not qualify for any other log file. A default configuration may provide a default error file which may then be altered by the user depending upon the information needed in the error file. The log records that do not qualify for any other log file are written to this error file. The file name of each log file may be specified based on either some predefined values (e.g., date or hour) and may also have some predefined text. 
   Configuration information also specifies a frequency to initiate the creation of a new log file (e.g., based on duration in minutes or on the size of the log file). At a specified time or size, for example, the logging software  302  closes the current log file even if the server is not actively receiving data. In one embodiment, the log cut functionality is implemented in the scheduling component  322 . 
   In an embodiment in which the configuration information is stored in a registry, the registry entries are stored as subkeys and values of a key such as HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\\GenLogFilter. Sample configuration data are shown in Appendix A. 
   Referring next to  FIG. 4 , an exemplary flow chart illustrates expression evaluation by logging software such as logging software  302 . If an include condition is present at  404  but evaluates false at  406 , the received data is not stored at  408 . If an include condition is present at  404 , true at  406 , and an exclude condition is not present at  410  (or is present at  410 , but not true at  414 ), the received data is stored at  412  (or stored at  416 ). If an exclude condition is present at  410  and true at  414  (whether an include condition is present or true), the received data is not stored at  418 . 
     FIG. 4  illustrates exemplary operation of expression evaluation. Different yet related operating environments, logic, and flow charts are written the scope of the invention. 
   Exemplary Expressions and Columns 
   The log file, cookies, tags, and conditions may be written using the following exemplary expressions. Other expressions not shown below are also within the scope of the invention. In operation, names, constants, and subexpressions are substituted for the italic text shown below. 
   
     
       
             
             
           
         
             
                 
                 
             
           
           
             
                 
               condition := 
             
             
                 
                condition and condition 
             
             
                 
                condition or condition 
             
             
                 
                (condition) 
             
             
                 
                not condition 
             
             
                 
                expression contains “string” 
             
             
                 
                expression not contains “string” 
             
             
                 
                expression begins with “string” 
             
             
                 
                expression not begins with “string” 
             
             
                 
                expression ends with “string” 
             
             
                 
                expression not ends with “string” 
             
             
                 
               expression := 
             
             
                 
                column 
             
             
                 
                extract “tag” from datasource 
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
        
       
     
   
   The data may be organized into exemplary columns such as shown in Table 1. 
   
     
       
             
           
             
             
           
         
             
               TABLE 1 
             
           
           
             
                 
             
             
               Exemplary column configuration. 
             
           
        
         
             
               Name 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
             
               ClientIP 
               The IP address of the client. 
             
             
               UserName 
               The user name of the client, 
             
             
                 
               if anonymous this has the blank value. 
             
             
               HitDate 
               The date of the hit in the format mm/dd/yyyy. 
             
             
               HitTime 
               Time in the format hh:mm:ss 
             
             
               ServiceFormat 
               Has the service name such as W3CSVC1. 
             
             
               ServerName 
               Name of the server. 
             
             
               ServerIP 
               IP address of the server. 
             
             
               BytesReceived 
               Contains the size of data received by the server. 
             
             
               ServiceStatus 
               Describes the service status (e.g., 200). 
             
             
               Method 
               Either GET or POST depending upon the request. 
             
             
               Target 
               The actual target URL without domain 
             
             
                 
               name and query string. E.g.,/c.gif 
             
             
               UserAgent 
               The user agent string 
             
             
               Referrer 
               The referrer header. 
             
             
               GUID 
               GUID extracted from the Cookie. 
             
             
               UserID 
               User Id if present. 
             
             
               UserPostalCode 
               User postal code. 
             
             
               UserCountry 
               User country. 
             
             
               UserGender 
               User Gender. 
             
             
               UserBDayPrec 
               User birthday precision. 
             
             
               UserRegion 
               User region. 
             
             
               UserLangPref 
               User Language ID 
             
             
               UserPreferredEmail 
               User Email address. 
             
             
               UserWallet 
               User wallet flag. 
             
             
               UserOccupation 
               User occupation character. 
             
             
               UserBDay 
               User birthday in format mm/dd/yyyy 
             
             
               UserFlags 
               Four byte flags. 
             
             
               Partner 
               Partner string extracted from the COOKIE. 
             
             
               TQS 
               The complete query string. 
             
             
               COOKIE 
               The complete cookie string. 
             
             
                 
             
           
        
       
     
   
   The variables shown below may be expanded with the exemplary substitutions listed in Table 2. 
                                           TABLE 2               Exemplary filename substitutions.                                    path :=            drive:\directory            path\directory           directory :=            filenamepart . . .           filename :=            filenamepart . . .           filenamepart :=            string            substitution           columnlist :=            column            columnlist, column           taglist :=            tag            taglist, tag           valuelist :=            expression            valuelist, expression                            Name   Value                       &lt;domain&gt;   The registry specified domain               name (see under GenLogFilter key).           &lt;service&gt;   The registry specified service               name (see under GenLogFilter key).           &lt;yyyy&gt;   Four digit year           &lt;mm&gt;   2 digit month           &lt;dd&gt;   2 digit date           &lt;starthh&gt;   2 digit start hour           &lt;startmm&gt;   2 digit start min           &lt;endhh&gt;   2 digit end hour           &lt;endmm&gt;   2 digit end min           &lt;server&gt;   Name of the server.                        
Exemplary Operating Environment
 
     FIG. 5  shows one example of a general purpose computing device in the form of a computer  130 . In one embodiment of the invention, a computer such as the computer  130  is suitable for use in the other figures illustrated and described herein. Computer  130  has one or more processors or processing units  132  and a system memory  134 . In the illustrated embodiment, a system bus  136  couples various system components including the system memory  134  to the processors  132 . The bus  136  represents one or more of any of several types of bus structures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, and a processor or local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. By way of example, and not limitation, such architectures include Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, Enhanced ISA (EISA) bus, Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, and Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus also known as Mezzanine bus. 
   The computer  130  typically has at least some form of computer readable media. Computer readable media, which include both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media, may be any available medium that can be accessed by computer  130 . By way of example and not limitation, computer readable media comprise computer storage media and communication media. Computer storage media include volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. For example, computer storage media include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired information and that can be accessed by computer  130 . Communication media typically embody computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and include any information delivery media. Those skilled in the art are familiar with the modulated data signal, which has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in the signal. Wired media, such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media, such as acoustic, RF, infrared, and other wireless media, are examples of communication media. Combinations of the any of the above are also included within the scope of computer readable media. 
   The system memory  134  includes computer storage media in the form of removable and/or non-removable, volatile and/or nonvolatile memory. In the illustrated embodiment, system memory  134  includes read only memory (ROM)  138  and random access memory (RAM)  140 . A basic input/output system  142  (BIOS), containing the basic routines that help to transfer information between elements within computer  130 , such as during start-up, is typically stored in ROM  138 . RAM  140  typically contains data and/or program modules that are immediately accessible to and/or presently being operated on by processing unit  132 . By way of example, and not limitation,  FIG. 5  illustrates operating system  144 , application programs  146 , other program modules  148 , and program data  150 . 
   The computer  130  may also include other removable/non-removable, volatile/nonvolatile computer storage media. For example,  FIG. 5  illustrates a hard disk drive  154  that reads from or writes to non-removable, nonvolatile magnetic media.  FIG. 5  also shows a magnetic disk drive  156  that reads from or writes to a removable, nonvolatile magnetic disk  158 , and an optical disk drive  160  that reads from or writes to a removable, nonvolatile optical disk  162  such as a CD-ROM or other optical media. Other removable/non-removable, volatile/nonvolatile computer storage media that can be used in the exemplary operating environment include, but are not limited to, magnetic tape cassettes, flash memory cards, digital versatile disks, digital video tape, solid state RAM, solid state ROM, and the like. The hard disk drive  154 , and magnetic disk drive  156  and optical disk drive  160  are typically connected to the system bus  136  by a non-volatile memory interface, such as interface  166 . 
   The drives or other mass storage devices and their associated computer storage media discussed above and illustrated in  FIG. 5 , provide storage of computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules and other data for the computer  130 . In  FIG. 5 , for example, hard disk drive  154  is illustrated as storing operating system  170 , application programs  172 , other program modules  174 , and program data  176 . Note that these components can either be the same as or different from operating system  144 , application programs  146 , other program modules  148 , and program data  150 . Operating system  170 , application programs  172 , other program modules  174 , and program data  176  are given different numbers here to illustrate that, at a minimum, they are different copies. 
   A user may enter commands and information into computer  130  through input devices or user interface selection devices such as a keyboard  180  and a pointing device  182  (e.g., a mouse, trackball, pen, or touch pad). Other input devices (not shown) may include a microphone, joystick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, or the like. These and other input devices are connected to processing unit  132  through a user input interface  184  that is coupled to system bus  136 , but may be connected by other interface and bus structures, such as a parallel port, game port, or a Universal Serial Bus (USB). A monitor  188  or other type of display device is also connected to system bus  136  via an interface, such as a video interface  190 . In addition to the monitor  188 , computers often include other peripheral output devices (not shown) such as a printer and speakers, which may be connected through an output peripheral interface (not shown). 
   The computer  130  may operate in a networked environment using logical connections to one or more remote computers, such as a remote computer  194 . The remote computer  194  may be a personal computer, a server, a router, a network PC, a peer device or other common network node, and typically includes many or all of the elements described above relative to computer  130 . The logical connections depicted in  FIG. 5  include a local area network (LAN)  196  and a wide area network (WAN)  198 , but may also include other networks. LAN  136  and/or WAN  138  can be a wired network, a wireless network, a combination thereof, and so on. Such networking environments are commonplace in offices, enterprise-wide computer networks, intranets, and global computer networks (e.g., the Internet). 
   When used in a local area networking environment, computer  130  is connected to the LAN  196  through a network interface or adapter  186 . When used in a wide area networking environment, computer  130  typically includes a modem  178  or other means for establishing communications over the WAN  198 , such as the Internet. The modem  178 , which may be internal or external, is connected to system bus  136  via the user input interface  184 , or other appropriate mechanism. In a networked environment, program modules depicted relative to computer  130 , or portions thereof, may be stored in a remote memory storage device (not shown). By way of example, and not limitation,  FIG. 5  illustrates remote application programs  192  as residing on the memory device. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary and other means of establishing a communications link between the computers may be used. 
   Generally, the data processors of computer  130  are programmed by means of instructions stored at different times in the various computer-readable storage media of the computer. Programs and operating systems are typically distributed, for example, on floppy disks or CD-ROMs. From there, they are installed or loaded into the secondary memory of a computer. At execution, they are loaded at least partially into the computer&#39;s primary electronic memory. The invention described herein includes these and other various types of computer-readable storage media when such media contain instructions or programs for implementing the steps described below in conjunction with a microprocessor or other data processor. The invention also includes the computer itself when programmed according to the methods and techniques described herein. 
   For purposes of illustration, programs and other executable program components, such as the operating system, are illustrated herein as discrete blocks. It is recognized, however, that such programs and components reside at various times in different storage components of the computer, and are executed by the data processor(s) of the computer. 
   Although described in connection with an exemplary computing system environment, including computer  130 , the invention is operational with numerous other general purpose or special purpose computing system environments or configurations. The computing system environment is not intended to suggest any limitation as to the scope of use or functionality of the invention. Moreover, the computing system environment should not be interpreted as having any dependency or requirement relating to any one or combination of components illustrated in the exemplary operating environment. Examples of well known computing systems, environments, and/or configurations that may be suitable for use with the invention include, but are not limited to, personal computers, server computers, hand-held or laptop devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, mobile telephones, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, and the like. 
   The invention may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, executed by one or more computers or other devices. Generally, program modules include, but are not limited to, routines, programs, objects, components, and data structures that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The invention may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices. 
   An interface in the context of a software architecture includes a software module, component, code portion, or other sequence of computer-executable instructions. The interface includes, for example, a first module accessing a second module to perform computing tasks on behalf of the first module. The first and second modules include, in one example, application programming interfaces (APIs) such as provided by operating systems, component object model (COM) interfaces (e.g., for peer-to-peer application communication), and extensible markup language metadata interchange format (XMI) interfaces (e.g., for communication between web services). 
   The interface may be a tightly coupled, synchronous implementation such as in Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition (J2EE), COM, or distributed COM (DCOM) examples. Alternatively or in addition, the interface may be a loosely coupled, asynchronous implementation such as in a web service (e.g., using the simple object access protocol). In general, the interface includes any combination of the following characteristics: tightly coupled, loosely coupled, synchronous, and asynchronous. Further, the interface may conform to a standard protocol, a proprietary protocol, or any combination of standard and proprietary protocols. 
   The interfaces described herein may all be part of a single interface or may be implemented as separate interfaces or any combination therein. The interfaces may execute locally or remotely to provide functionality. Further, the interfaces may include additional or less functionality than illustrated or described herein. 
   In operation, computer  130  executes computer-executable instructions and components such as those illustrated in  FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3 , and  FIG. 4  to efficiently organize, process and store large amounts of data. 
   EXAMPLES 
   The following examples further illustrate the invention. In one example, logging software such as logging software operates to track user behavior by accessing configuration information defining a specific user navigation path (e.g., as an expression). The logging software receives, from a computing device, clickstream data including at least one condition and analyzes the clickstream data by evaluating the expression using the condition. The analysis determines a relationship between the user navigation path and the clickstream data. In one embodiment, receiving the clickstream data and analyzing the received clickstream data occur in real-time. The logging software formats the clickstream data in accordance with the accessed configuration information (e.g., by separating the clickstream data into columns). In one embodiment, analyzing the received clickstream data includes forwarding the received clickstream data to a filter component to evaluate the expression using the condition and receiving the evaluated expression from the filter component. The logging software stores the clickstream data in accordance with the determined relationship. In addition, the logging software stores the clickstream data by storing a cookie associated with the computing device on the computing device per the evaluated expression. Further, the logging software maintains a sequence of evaluated expressions to track user navigational behavior. 
   Those skilled in the art will note that the order of execution or performance of the methods illustrated and described herein is not essential, unless otherwise specified. That is, elements of the methods may be performed in any order, unless otherwise specified, and that the methods may include more or less elements than those disclosed herein. 
   When introducing elements of the present invention or the embodiment(s) thereof, the articles “a,” “an,” “the,” and “said” are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements other than the listed elements. 
   In view of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained. 
   As various changes could be made in the above constructions, products, and methods without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description and shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. 
   APPENDIX A 
   Exemplary configuration data are shown below. 
   
     
       
             
           
         
             
                 
             
           
           
             
               [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GenLogFilter] 
             
             
               “Logging Enabled”=dword:00000001 
             
             
               “Domain”=“c.pageA.net” 
             
             
               “service”=“w3svc1” 
             
             
               [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GenLogFilter\Columns] 
             
             
               “ClientIP”=“ClientIP” 
             
             
               “UserName”=“UserName” 
             
             
               “HitDate”=“HitDate” 
             
             
               “HitTime”=“HitTime” 
             
             
               “ServiceFormat”=“ServiceFormat” 
             
             
               “ServerName”=“ServerName” 
             
             
               “ServerIP”=“ServerIP” 
             
             
               “ElapsedTime”=“ElapsedTime” 
             
             
               “BytesReceived”=“BytesReceived” 
             
             
               “BytesSent”=“BytesSent” 
             
             
               “ServiceStatus”=“ServiceStatus” 
             
             
               “APIStatus”=“APIStatus” 
             
             
               “Method”=“Method” 
             
             
               “Target”=“Target” 
             
             
               “UserAgent”=“UserAgent” 
             
             
               “Referrer”=“Referrer” 
             
             
               “GUID”=“GUID” 
             
             
               “UserID”=“UserID” 
             
             
               “UserPostalCode”=“UserPostalCode” 
             
             
               “UserCountry”=“UserCountry” 
             
             
               “UserGender”=“UserGender” 
             
             
               “UserBDayPrec”=“UserBDayPrec” 
             
             
               “UserRegion”=“UserRegion” 
             
             
               “UserLangPref”=“UserLangPref” 
             
             
               “UserPreferredEmail”=“UserPreferredEmail” 
             
             
               “UserWallet”=“UserWallet” 
             
             
               “UserOccupation”=“UserOccupation” 
             
             
               “UserBDay”=“UserBDay” 
             
             
               “Partner”=“Partner” 
             
             
               “TQS”=“TQS” 
             
             
               “MyGUID”=“extract CTID from COOKIE” 
             
             
               “Cookie”=“Cookie” 
             
             
               “MyAPID”=“extract APID from TQS” 
             
             
               [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GenLogFilter\Cookies] 
             
             
               [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GenLogFilter\Cookies\conversionCookie] 
             
             
               “Cookie Enabled”=dword:00000001 
             
             
               “Condition”=“TQS contains APID or TQS contains TPID and COOKIE contains xTag” 
             
             
               “Cookie Type”=“Persistence” 
             
             
               “Cookie Tag”=“MUID” 
             
             
               “Domain”=“” 
             
             
               “Cookie Value”=“MyAPID” 
             
             
               [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GenLogFilter\LogFiles] 
             
             
               [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GenLogFilter\LogFiles\CLog] 
             
             
               “File 
             
             
               Name”=“in&lt;yyyy&gt;&lt;mm&gt;&lt;dd&gt;_&lt;starthh&gt;&lt;startmm&gt;&lt;endhh&gt;&lt;endmm&gt;_&lt;SERVER&gt;_&lt; 
             
             
               DOMAIN&gt;_&lt;service&gt;.log” 
             
             
               “Include Condition”=“COOKIE contains \“MUID\”” 
             
             
               “Exclude Condition”=“” 
             
             
               “Column Separator”=“COMMA” 
             
             
               “Column 
             
             
               Order”=“ClientIP,UserName,HitDate,HitTime,ServiceFormat,ServerName,ServerIP,Elap 
             
             
               sedTime,BytesReceived,BytesSent,ServiceStatus,APIStatus,Method,Target,UserAgent,R 
             
             
               eferrer,GUID,UserID,Partner,TQS” 
             
             
               “Frequency”=“5min” 
             
             
               “Line Separator”=“NL” 
             
             
               “TQSTags”=“izi,icy,ige,iag,ire,ili,iem,iwa,ibdy,ioc” 
             
             
               “TQSValues”=“UserPostalCode,UserCountry,UserGender,UserBDayPrec,UserRegion,U 
             
             
               serLangPref,UserPreferredEmail,UserWallet,UserBDay,UserOccupation” 
             
             
               “enabled”=dword:00000001 
             
             
               “Directory”=“c:\\wwwlog” 
             
             
               [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GenLogFilter\LogFiles\ErrorLog] 
             
             
               “File 
             
             
               Name”=“in&lt;yyyy&gt;&lt;mm&gt;&lt;dd&gt;_&lt;starthh&gt;&lt;startmm&gt;&lt;endbh&gt;&lt;endmm&gt;_&lt;SERVER&gt;_&lt; 
             
             
               DOMAIN&gt;_&lt;service&gt;.Error.log” 
             
             
               “Include Condition”=“Error” 
             
             
               “Exclude Condition”=“” 
             
             
               “Column Separator”=“COMMA” 
             
             
               “Line Separator”=“NewLine” 
             
             
               “Column 
             
             
               Order”=“ClientIP,UserName,HitDate,HitTime,ServiceFormat,ServerName,ServerIP,Elap 
             
             
               sedTime,BytesReceived,BytesSent,ServiceStatus,APIStatus,Method,Target,UserAgent,R 
             
             
               eferrer,GUID,UserID,Partner,TQS” 
             
             
               “Frequency”=“5min” 
             
             
               “TQSTags”=“izi,icy,ige,iag,ire,ili,iem,iwa,ibdy,ioc” 
             
             
               “TQSValues”=“UserPostalCode,UserCountry,UserGender,UserBDayPrec,UserRegion,U 
             
             
               serLangPref,UserPreferredEmail,UserWallet,UserOccupation,UserBDay” 
             
             
               “Enabled”=dword:00000001 
             
             
               “Directory”=“c:\\wwwlog”