Abstract:
A powder aerosol composition is obtained by first preparing a suspension consisting of a hydrophobic powdered substance having its pH adjusted to fall within the range 5 to 9, alcohol and water, adding, if required by the desired powder system, an intentional medicine and other auxiliary agents to the suspension and mixing the suspension with 5 to 40 wt % of a propellant in an aerosol container. The thusly produced composition has an improved safety in application, prevents flying properties, has an improved adhesion to the skin and can be produced inexpensively. Thus, the composition is best suited for use in applications such as baby powder, dry shampoo, water-eczema remedy and antiperspirant.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a powder aerosol composition. 
     Aerosol products consisting of powdered material suspended, along with a prime agent and auxiliary agents, in a liquefied freon gas for spraying purposes are known in the art and they include antiperspirant, water-eczema remedy, dry shampoo, baby powder, etc. However, these known products have great flying tendency and adhere to the skin only at a low rate, and moreover the liquefied freon gas has an agglomeration tendency when hydrophobic powder is suspended in it, thus making it difficult to mix a high proportion of such powder. Consequently, it is possible to add powdered substance and dispersant only to about 0.5 to 10 wt % of the total quantity and it is necessary to use liquefied freon gas in an amount greater than 80 wt % of the total quantity, thus making the resulting product very expensive. In addition, due to the use of the liquefied freon gas as the propellant, the known products are high in cost due to the high cost of the propellant and they also have a chilling action, thus sometimes causing frost-bite, inflammation or the like on the skin. Some studies have been made public to the effect that the use of freon gas is not desirable from the standpoint of air pollution. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     With a view to overcoming the foregoing deficiencies of the prior art powder aerosol compositions, it is the object of the invention to provide an improved powder aerosol composition which can be produced inexpensively, is capable of minimizing sensation of coldness and occurrence of inflammation on the skin and ensuring an improved safety in use and is also capable of ensuring satisfactory drying properties upon adhesion to the skin while preventing flying properties, thus preventing stickiness and the like. Generally, if powder, water, alcohol, liquefied gas are mixed, the resulting suspension will be condensed due to a high concentration, thus deteriorating the redispersion properties and making it impossible to satisfactorily spray the suspension as an aerosol composition and thereby tending to cause clogging of the nozzle and the like. In accordance with the present invention, water, alcohol, powder and a liquefied gas (propellant) can be used to produce a satisfactory composition which overcomes the foregoing deficiencies in the prior art. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     As mentioned previously, the present invention relates to a powder aerosol composition comprising a mixture of a suspension consisting of powdered material, alcohol, water, an intentional medicine added as occasions demand and other auxiliary agents with a propellant. The individual ingredients will be first described in detail in turn and then preferred examples will be described in comparison with comparative examples. The &#34;powdered substance&#34; will be described first. 
     A hydrophobic powdered substance having a pH value of 5 to 9 and a particlesize of 70 to 325 mesh may be used as the powdered substance. One or more substances selected from the group consisting of talc, Celite, kaolin, redoxide, rice starch, bentonite, alumium stearate may be used as the hydrophobic powder. Since the pH value of this kind of powders is usually over 5, any powder having a pH of over 10 may be used by subjecting it to acid treatment to reduce the pH value to the range of 5 to 9. To use any hydrophobic powder falling outside the range pH 5 to 9 in the aerosol system as such is not desirable since the powder agglomerates in the aerosol container and clogs the valve. Although such hydrophobic powder falling outside of the pH range of 5 to 9 may be used by producing a stable suspension with the aid of a surface-active agent, this is not preferable in that spraying of the aerosol results in foaming thus causingan offensive feeling of application on the part of the user. 
     The desired powder pH value is limited to the range of 5 to 9 on the groundthat it represents a necessary pH range whereby the powder can be satisfactorily dispersed and prevented from agglomerating in a liquid, such as alcohol and water which will be described later. Generally, none of the powders of the above-mentioned kind has a pH value of less than 4, and if the pH value is over 10 the degree of alkalinity will be excessively high with the result that the particles tend to agglomerate and sometimes secondary particles will be formed, thus causing clogging ofthe spray nozzle and making the spraying impossible and thereby making the substance unsuitable for use as the &#34;powdered substance&#34; of the invention. 
     The desired alcohol is one whose number of carbon atoms is in the range 1 to 7, and 95 vol % ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, etc., may be used. 
     A desired intentional medicine is suitably selected depending on the application of a powder system (formula) and it may for example be basic alumimum chloride, methyl salicylate, hydrocortisone, aluminum chlorohydroxide, cortisone sulfate, zinc undecylenic acid, menthol, etc. If necessary, as auxiliary agents, such an emollient as lanolin alcohol orisopropyl myristate and/or such germicide agent as Hyamine #1622 [Trade name of the product of ROHM AND HAAS, Philadelphia], Biosol (isopropylmethyl phenol) [Trade name of the product of Osaka Kasei Co., Ltd.], etc., may be suspended in the liquid comprising water and alcohol in addition to the powder. If the intentional medicine and the auxiliary medicine used are in powder form, they may be used in small quantities even if they are of the hydrophilic nature. 
     The propellant may comprise for example liquefied petroleum gas, dimethyl ether or the like gas which is lower in specific gravity than the suspension. The reason for requiring the use as the propellant of a liquefied gas which is lower in specific gravity than the suspension resides in that in this way the propellant must be placed above the remaining contents in the aerosol container so as to facilitate propellingof the contents other than the propellant (i.e., the suspension) through the dip tube. 
     The suspension is prepared by mixing together in a homomixer 5 to 60 wt % (preferably 20 to 30 wt %) of a hydrophobic powder having a pH value of 5 to 9 and particle size of 70 to 325 mesh, 5 to 80 wt % (preferably in the range 25 to 35 wt %) of alcohol whose number of carbon atoms is in the range 1 to 7, 5 to 80 wt % (preferably in the range 30 to 40 wt %) of water as well as an intentional medicine and such auxiliary agents as emollient medicine and germicide which are added in suitable quantities independence on the desired &#34;powder system&#34;. In this case, the resulting suspension has a viscosity of 50 CPS to 1000 CPS and pH value of 5 to 9. If a suspension is prepared by mixing together the ingredients in their preferred proportions, the suspension will have a viscosity in the range of 100 CPS to 400 CPS and pH value in the range 5.5 to 7.5. This suspension is placed in an aerosol container along with a propellant such as liquefied petroleum gas or dimethyl ether which is lower in specific gravity than the suspension. 
     In accordance with the invention, since liquefied petroleum gas, dimethyl ether or the like is used as the propellant as mentioned above, it is possible to provide the desired product inexpensively, and moreover the addition of water has the effect of ensuring reduced flammability even if the propellant is highly flammable. Also, due to the addition of water, the hydrophobic particles slightly absorb the water and the adhesion of the particles to the skin is improved, thus reducing the percentage of flyloss and thereby ensuring excellent feeling of application and making the product economical. Further, since the water mixes with the alcohol added to the powder system, when the integrally mixed alcohol and water are sprayed from the nozzle, the vaporization and evaporation of the propellant cause the alcohol and water to rapidly evaporate until they reach the skin, with the result that there is left only a small amount of the water necessary for the improved adhesion and consequently the particles are allowed to stick to the skin in a dry state. Still further, since the pH value of the powder is in the range pH 5 to 9, the particles slightly absorb the alcohol and water in the suspension, so that the particles are dispersed satisfactorily in the suspension and there is no possibility of forming any agglomerate. Thus, there is no danger of causing clogging of the valve and the like, and an improved stability during manufacture, storage, etc., is also ensured. Still further, since the hydrophobic particles have no tendency to agglomerate, the proportion of the suspension to the propellant can be increased greatly, that is, it is possible to make the proportion of the suspension consisting of alcohol, water and hydrophobic powder less than 95 wt %, preferably in therange 70 to 80 wt % and that of the propellant over 5%, preferably in the range 20 to 30%, and these proportions ensure a stable powder aerosol composition. With the thusly produced composition, the occurrence of such phenomena as precipitation, swimming, condensation, etc., of the hydrophobic particles as well as the intentional medicine are very rare even if the composition is left to stand for a long period of time. Although a slight precipitation phenomenon may be caused depending on the kind and preparation conditions of hydrophobic powder, intentional medicine, etc., there is no possibility of any high condensation as in thecase of the known compositions employing liquefied freon gas, and the composition can be easily brought back to the uniform suspension by shaking the composition only one or two times. 
     The following table shows a series of examples. The kinds of compositions produced in the examples listed in the Table are as follows. 
     
         ______________________________________Example          Kind of Composition______________________________________1                Powder2                Powder3                Powder4                Powder5                Powder6                Powder7                Powder8                Powder9                Dermatic medicine10               Antiperspirant11               Dermatic medicine12               Antiperspirant13               Water-eczema remedy14               Dermatic medicine15               Dry shampoo16               Antiperspirant17               Water-eczema remedy18               Powder19               Powder20               Powder21               Powder22               Powder23               Powder24               Powder25               Powder26               Dermatic medicine27               Antiperspirant28               Dermatic medicine29               Antiperspirant30               Water-eczema remedy31               Dermatic medicine32               Dry shampoo33               Antiperspirant34               Water-eczema remedy35               Antiperspirant36               Dry shampoo37               Dry shampoo38               Dermatic medicine39               Shoe deodorant40               Water-eczema remedy41               Powder42               Powder______________________________________ 
    
     In the Table, the examples 18 to 42 represent the compositions produced according to the invention and the examples 1 to 17 are those made for thepurpose of comparison with the invention. The redispersion properties of the examples represent the dispersion properties observed after the compositions were left to stand for 3 months in an atmosphere of 45° C., and the mark  o  indicates uniform dispersion properties, Δ high agglomerating tendency and X those involving at least a severe agglomeration in part. 
     
           Example (in wt %)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15   Powder Talc (pH 10) 25  25  30 30  25 18 15  20 18 18 18  Talc (pH 11)  23  25   15    20  Talc (pH 6.0)       0.5  Talc (pH 7.5)  Celite (pH 10)  5  5   10 5 5 10 10 10 5 5 5  Celite (pH 5.5)           1  Kaolin (pH 6)      2.5  2.5  2.5  Red oxide (pH 7)    0.5       2.5  Rice starch (pH 7)        0.5     5  2  Bentonite (pH 6)            5 Aluminum stearate (pH 7) Deionized water 30 30 30 30 25 20 35 20 20 30 25 30 20 30 30 Alcohol 95 vol % ethyl alcohol 30 30 30 30 30  25 15 25 25  20 25 28  isopropyl alcohol      25    28  25 Emollient Lanolin alcohol        0.1 medicine Isopropyl myristate            0.2 Germicide Hyamine #=1622        0.2  Biosol (isopropylmethyl phenol)         0.1 Inten- Basic aluminum chloride            0.3 tional Methyl salicylate      1 prime Hydrocortisone         0.9 medicine Aluminum chlorohydr oxide          5  Cortisone sulfate              0.1  Zinc undecylenic acid  Menthol               0.1 Propellant LPG 15 12   15 22.5 14.5 31.7 31 9.5 16.5 9.5 32 21.9 16.9  Dimethyl ether   15 9.5 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Redispersion properties X X X X X X Δ X X X Δ X X X X16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30   Powder Talc (pH 10) 18 18  Talc (pH 11)         0.5  Talc (pH 6.0) 25 23 25 25 30 30  25 18 15  20 18  Talc (pH 7.5)         15    20 Celite (pH 10)  5           1  Celite (pH 5.5)    5  5   10 5 5 10 10 10 5  Kaolin (pH 6)        2.5  2.5  2.5  Red oxide (pH 7)      0.5 2.5  Rice starch (pH 7)          0.5     5  Bentonite (pH 6)  5  Aluminum stearate (pH 7) 1 Deionized water 35 25 30 30 30 30 25 20 35 20 20 30 24.8 30 20 Alcohol 95 vol % ethyl alcohol 25 30 30 30 30 30 30  25 15 25  25  20  Isopropyl alcohol        25    28  25 Emollient Lanolin alcohol          0.1 medicine Isopropyl myristate 0.2 Germicide Hyamine #=1622  0.1        0.2  Biosol (isopropylmethyl phenol) 0.1          0.1  0.2 Inten- Basic aluminum chloride  0.3 tional Methyl salicylate               1 prime Hydrocortisone0.9 medicine Aluminum chlorohydroxide            5  Cortisone sulfate  Zinc undecylenic acid  1  Menthol Propellant LPG 20.9 20.9 15 12   15 22.5 14.5 31.7 31 9.5 16.5 9.5 32  Dimethyl ether     15 9.5 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Redispersion properties X X ⊚ ⊚ .circleinci rcle. ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ ⊚  ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ ⊚31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42    Powder Talc (pH 10)  Talc (pH 11)  Talc (pH 6.0) 18 18 18 18  Talc (pH 7.5)     5 10 15  5 4 5 5  Celite (pH 10)       2  Celite (pH 5.5) 5 5  5 18 18  20 30 25 18 22  Kaolin (pH 6)        5   7  Red oxide (pH 7)  Rice starch (pH 7)  2    5     0.7  Bentonite (pH 6)     5  Aluminum stearate (pH 7)   1 Deionized water 30 30 35 25 25 20 25 25 25 20 20 30  A lcohol  95 vol % ethyl alcohol 25 28 25 30 30 25 25 28 28 22 Isopropyl alcohol           29 25 Emollient Lanolin alcohol 0.7 medicine Isopropyl myristate          0.2 0.1 0.2 Germicide Hyamine #=1622    0.1  0.2 0.2  Biosol (isopropylmethyl phenol)   0.1  0.2   0.2 Inten- Basic aluminum chloride     0.9    0.1 tional Methyl salicylate prime Hydrocortisone medicine Aluminum chlorohydroxide       2  Cortisone  sulfate 0.1        1  Zinc undecylenic acid    1     2 1  Menthol  0.1 Propellant LPG 21.9 16.9 20.9 20.9 5.9 10 15 19.8 8.9  20.2 17.1 Dimethyl ether     10 11.8 17.8   27.8Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100  Redispersion properties ⊚ .circleinci rcle. ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ ⊚  ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ ⊚ ⊚