Abstract:
A brewing process including taking off a fluid having a starting temperature from a heat store; feeding the fluid to a plurality of heat consumers for releasing heat; and returning to the heat store the fluid which has a final temperature. The brewery installation has a heat store for controlling the flow of the fluid in the installation, and a plurality of heat consumers each of which is connected to the primary circuit for releasing heat. Improved efficiency is achieved in part by the final temperature of the fluid which flows out of the respective heat consumers is measured and the return of the fluid is controlled as a function of the measured final temperature.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     The present application claims the benefit of priority of International Patent Application No. PCT/EP2008/009102, filed Oct. 28, 2008, which application claims priority of German Application No. 10 2007 054 429.6, filed Nov. 13, 2007. The entire text of the priority application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     The present disclosure relates to a brewing process and a brewery installation. 
     BACKGROUND 
     The energy costs for example incurred in brewing beer constitute an important proportion of the total production costs of beer. As the proportion of energy costs will probably even increase with the shortage of fossil fuels and the higher energy prices involved, the applicant suggested a brewing process and a brewery installation according to the preamble each of claim 1 and claim 10 in WO 2006/100062 A1. 
     This generic prior art discloses a brewery installation comprising a solar system to make the brewery more independent of fossil fuel demands. The generic prior art suggests to satisfy at least a portion of the thermal energy demand of heat consumers of the brewery installation from energy not originating from fossil fuels, but from solar collectors converting the energy of solar radiation into thermal energy. 
     For this, the solar collectors are designed such that the hottest fluid required for the brewing process can be heated to a temperature of at least 120° by solar energy. The thermal energy generated by the solar collectors is, for example, temporarily stored in a high pressure stratified storage that receives fluid. The heated fluid is guided from the upper region of the heat store via a pipe to different heat consumers to which heat is released via heat exchangers. After heat has been released, the fluid has a final temperature and is returned to the heat store via a return pipe. 
     To increase the efficiency of the heat store, and accordingly of the complete brewery installation, stratified storages in which different temperature zones are formed are known from prior art. The returned fluid is guided into the temperature zone in which the temperature of the fluid located in this temperature zone of the stratified storage approximately corresponds to that of the returned fluid. For this, DE 197 31 351 A1, for example, suggests to dispose an ascending pipe in the stratified storage which extends along the longitudinal axis of the stratified storage. The ascending pipe comprises several openings spaced apart in the longitudinal direction through which the returned fluid can flow into different temperature zones of the stratified storage. 
     From DE 100 25 318 Cl, another stratified storage is known. This known stratified storage comprises a bent distributor pipe in its lower region which is coupled to several ascending pipes. The returned fluid can be either introduced into the stratified storage via an opening of the distributor pipe, or via the ascending pipes connected to the bent distributor pipe. 
     However, with the stratified storages known from DE 197 31 351 A1 and DE 100 25 318 Cl, fluids having different temperatures might get mixed within the stratified storage, resulting in a reduction of the efficiency of the stratified storage and accordingly of a complete brewing process. 
     SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     Starting from WO 2006/100062 A1, it is an object of the present disclosure to provide a brewing process and a brewery installation having improved efficiency. 
     In the present brewing process, the final temperature of the fluid is detected after heat has been released to a heat consumer. The return of the fluid into the heat store is then controlled as a function of the detected final temperature. In the present method, the fluid having a final temperature is then returned as a function of the detected final temperature. The fluid having the final temperature can be fed to a further heat consumer. However, it can also be subjected to reheating. The decision will be made as a function of the detected final temperature, usually by a computer controlling the heat management of the brewery installation. 
     In the present method, the fluid having the final temperature is then no longer merely statically returned into a stratified storage for heating or storage. As a function of the actually detected final temperature in each case, i.e. the heat removed from the fluid, a decision is rather made on the further path the fluid flowing from the heat consumer is to follow. The corresponding decision is carried out by the host computer in an energy optimizing manner. This permits to release still usable final heat to a second or further consumer. Furthermore, the fluid is preferably subjected to reheating to only such a temperature that leads to a relatively high efficiency during reheating in the heat source. This heat source can be, for example, a solar system. 
     The control of the fluid as a function of its final temperature correspondingly leads to a brewing process having improved efficiency. 
     Preferably, the fluid is fed to at least one further heat consumer and/or heat store as a function of the detected final temperature of said fluid flowing out of the heat consumer. Thereby, the fluid having a final temperature can release heat to one or several further heat consumers before it is returned to the heat store. This brings about the advantage that the fluid is used for further releasing heat, after it has released heat to a first heat consumer, whereby the fluid can be finally introduced into the heat store at a temperature as low as possible. Thereby, the heat release of the fluid to the heat consumers is optimized, improving the efficiency of the brewing process. 
     According to a further development, the fluid is fed into a predetermined region of the heat store as a function of the final temperature. According to this preferred embodiment, it is accordingly detected already before the fluid flows into the heat store which region of the heat store defines a temperature zone that is suited for the fluid, taking into consideration the final temperature of said fluid. According to this preferred embodiment, the fluid is correspondingly not introduced first into the heat store and guided into the suited temperature zone within this heat store, but it is previously fed to a predetermined region of the heat store, so that the fluid can be directly fed into the suited temperature zone, that means without being diverted within the heat store. Thereby, mixing of the different temperature zones of the heat store is effectively prevented. 
     If the final temperature of the fluid is not suited for releasing heat to a further secondary circuit, the fluid can be mixed with a fluid having a starting temperature, i.e. a fluid which has not yet released any heat after it has flown out of the heat store. Thus, the fluid having a final temperature can be several times branched off from the primary circuit to different secondary circuits, which are usually provided as parallel connection relative to each other with respect to the fluid, until it has a final temperature which is no longer suited for releasing heat to further secondary circuits, even if fluid with a starting temperature is added. The fluid is accordingly optimally utilized and fed to different heat consumers arranged in series in a partial flow until the fluid has the temperature suited for reheating and/or for being returned to the heat store. 
     According to a further preferred embodiment, the mixing ratio is adjusted with temperature control upstream of a further heat consumer which receives fluid flowing out of an upstream heat exchanger. The initial point of such temperature control can be the inlet temperature the fluid mixed from both partial flows is to have when it enters the further heat consumer. The desired inlet temperature can be controlled by detecting the temperatures of the individual partial flows and adapting the proportions of both partial flows to the total flow of the mixture. Here, too, the signals of the temperature sensors and the position of corresponding mixing valves are preferably processed and/or controlled in an automated manner by a host computer. In the process, the starting temperature is preferably determined directly upstream of the outlet mouth of the fluid having the final temperature to also exactly determine the temperature of the hotter proportion of the flow to be mixed. 
     In a preferred further development of the mixing process, the fluid in the primary circuit first passes a secondary circuit, of which the inlet temperature into the heat consumer is higher than the inlet temperature in the secondary circuit of the downstream heat consumer. In other words, a series connection of several secondary circuits first guides the fluid carried in the primary circuit to a heat exchanger which receives a fluid to be heated on the secondary side which has a higher temperature than that introduced into the heat exchanger in the downstream heat consumer in the secondary circuit. Here, the further development can be guided by the consideration that with an increasing inlet temperature in the heat exchanger on the side of the secondary circuit, the outlet temperature in the primary circuit increases. 
     In the present method, an increase of the energetic efficiency can be already achieved by the fluid circulating in the primary circuit being heated by fossil fuels. However, it is preferred to heat the fluid completely or partially by means of solar energy. 
     With the present system, one aspect of the disclosure concerning the device is achieved. According to the disclosure, at least one temperature sensor is provided downstream of each heat consumer. The temperature sensor is embodied, for example, downstream of the heat consumer in the primary circuit. 
     As the flow controller unit is coupled to the temperature sensors, the fluid flow can be controlled as a function of the detected final temperature. Accordingly, the fluid having the final temperature can flow through the brewery installation such that it is returned to the heat store at a temperature as low as possible. 
     To improve the energetic efficiency, the heat store is moreover further developed. Its inlet openings are, for example, embodied to be spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the heat store. For example, one inlet opening is assigned to a certain zone of the heat store, whereby the fluid flowing back into the heat store is caused to flow into the heat store through one of the inlet openings as a function of the detected final temperature. By embodying the inlet openings at the heat store, the fluid can be fed to a suited temperature zone outside the heat store. A diversion of the fluid within the heat store is not required according to this preferred embodiment. Thereby, intense mixing of the different temperature zones within the heat store is effectively prevented. 
     Taking into consideration the altogether conceivable temperatures in the primary circuit, it proved advantageous to provide three inlet openings at the heat store, that is one upper, one central and one lower opening, which are located each individually in layers of the heat store having different temperatures. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Further details, advantages and features of the present disclosure can be taken from the following description of an embodiment in connection with the drawing. In the drawing: 
         FIG. 1  shows a schematic representation of components of a brewery installation according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure; and 
         FIG. 2  shows the temperature conditions in the embodiment according to  FIG. 1 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     The embodiment described below with reference to the drawings only shows a part of a brewery installation and a brewing process. Other details, which are not described more in detail herein, essentially correspond to those described in WO 2006/100062 A1, which can be used in combination with the following preferred embodiment of the present disclosure. 
       FIG. 1  schematically shows the connection of a high pressure stratified storage  2  to several heat consumers  4   a ,  4   b , . . .  4   e . The first heat consumer  4   a  is used for heating fresh water. The second heat consumer  4   b  is the space heating. The third heat consumer  4   c  corresponds to the brewing water tank. The fourth heat consumer  4   d  is the hot water tank. The fifth heat consumer  4   e  is the bottle cleaner of the brewery. 
     The high pressure stratified storage  2  is coupled to solar collectors  6  as it is described in detail in WO 2006/100062 A1. The connection between the stratified storage  2  and the solar collectors  6  is therefore not illustrated more in detail herein. It is only pointed out that the stratified storage  2  is coupled to the solar collectors  6  such that the water stored in the stratified storage  2  under high pressure is stored at a temperature of at least 120° C., in particular of 140° C. to 180° C. in the liquid phase. 
     The stratified storage  2  has an upper outlet  8  and a lower inlet  10 . Moreover, the stratified storage  2  has three lateral inlet openings  12   a ,  12   b , and  12   c . A two-way valve  14   a ,  14   b ,  14   c  is provided in front of each inlet opening  12   a ,  12   b ,  12   c.    
     The individual heat consumers  4   a  to  4   e  are connected to the stratified storage  2  via a schematically shown primary circuit  16 . 
     The individual heat consumers  4   a  to  4   e  are connected each to the primary circuit  16  upstream via feed pipes  18   a  to  18   e  and downstream thereof via return pipes  20   a  to  20   e.    
     Each heat consumer  4   a  to  4   e  moreover comprises a secondary circuit  22   a  to  22   e  which is thermally coupled to the primary circuit  16  via a heat exchanger  24   a  to  24   e.    
     The secondary circuits  22   b  to  22   e  are moreover coupled to a conventional steam pipe  28  as well as a conventional condensate pipe  30  each by further heat exchangers  26   a  to  26   d.    
     Upstream of each heat consumer  4   a  to  4   e , temperature sensors are each arranged, for example in the region of nonreturn valves  32   a  to  32   e.    
     Downstream of the respective heat consumers  4   a  to  4   e , the return pipes  20   b  to  20   e  end in a collecting pipe  34  which is coupled to the inlet openings  12   a  to  12   c . A bridge-over pipe  36   d  is branched off from the collecting pipe  34  which ends in the feed pipe  18   d  of the fourth heat consumer  4   d . A temperature sensor  38   d  is assigned to this bridge-over pipe  36   d  in the region of the junction from the collecting pipe  34 . In a similar way, a bridge-over pipe  36   b ,  36   c , and a temperature sensor  38   b ,  38   c  are provided each for the second heat consumer  4   b  and the third heat consumer  4   c . The temperature of the primary circuit  16  is measured via these sensors  38   a  to  38   c  in the region of the collecting pipe  34  near the transition pipes  36 . The first heat consumer  4   a , too, is coupled to the collecting pipe  34  via a bridge-over pipe  36   a . The respective bridge-over pipes  36   a  to  36   d  communicate with the respective feed pipes  18   a  to  18   d  via mixing valves  40   a  to  40   d  which are arranged downstream of the temperature sensors provided in the feed pipes  18   a  to  18   d . A two-way valve  42  is provided in the feed pipe  18   e  of the fifth heat consumer  4   e.    
     Different to the heat consumers  4   b  to  4   e , the return line  20   a  of the first heat consumer  4   a  does not communicate with the collecting pipe  34 , but it communicates directly with the stratified storage  2  via the lower inlet  10 . 
     In the primary circuit  16  as well as in each secondary circuit  22   a  to  22   e , pumps  44  are provided for controlling the flow velocity of the fluid circulating in the respective circuit  16 ,  22   a  to  22   e.    
     Before the function of the brewery installation shown in  FIG. 1  will be described in detail, the definition of the different temperature conditions is described with reference to  FIG. 2 . 
     The hot water flowing in the primary circuit  16  is taken from the stratified storage  2  at a starting temperature T A . The starting temperature T A  with respect to each heat consumer  4   a  to  4   e  is measured upstream of the valves  40   a  to  40   d ,  42 . The temperature at which the water causes the heat exchange in the respective heat consumer  4   a  to  4   e  is hereinafter referred to as inlet temperature T E . The temperature the water has after the heat exchange will be hereinafter referred to as final temperature T R . For example, the final temperature T Rb  designates the final temperature of the water downstream of the heat consumer  4   b  after the heat exchange. 
     Below, the brewing process will be described with reference to  FIGS. 1 and 2 . 
     The hot water having a starting temperature TA is taken from the stratified storage  2  via the primary circuit  16  and fed to the individual heat consumers  4   a  to  4   e  to there cause the release of heat. Hot water is fed to each heat consumer  4   a  to  4   e  via the respective feed pipes  18   a  to  18   e . The water having an inlet temperature TE releases heat to the heat consumer  4   a  to  4   e  via the heat exchanger  24   a  to  24   e  of the secondary circuit  22   a  to  22   e . Subsequently, the water has a final temperature T R  and is, as a function of the final temperature T R , either directly returned to the stratified storage  2  or fed to a further heat consumer  4   a  to  4   d . The control of the return of the water will be described below in detail with reference to the fifth heat consumer  4   e.    
     Water flows into the heat consumer  4   e  with an inlet temperature T Ee  and releases heat. After the heat exchange, the water has a final temperature T Re . The flow controller unit of the brewery installation detects whether this final temperature T Re  is suited for releasing heat to one of the heat consumers  4   a  to  4   d  arranged downstream. For this, the final temperature T Re  is detected by means of the temperature sensor  38   c , and a logic decides whether the water having the final temperature T Re  is fed to the fourth heat consumer  4   d  via the bridge-over pipe  36   d . If the final temperature T Re  is not suited to there cause a heat exchange in an energetically efficient way, the water is guided further through the collecting pipe  34 . 
     In the region of the bridge-over pipe  36   c , the final temperature of the water is measured again by the temperature sensor  38   c . If this detected final temperature is suited for the third heat consumer  4   c , the water is fed to the heat consumer  4   c  via the bridge-over pipe  36   c  of the feed pipe  18   c . Accordingly, the water flows via the collecting pipe  34 , the bridge-over pipe  36   c  and the feed pipe  18   c  to the third heat consumer  4   c . Via the mixing valve  40   c , the water having a final temperature can be mixed with the water having a starting temperature T Ac  to obtain water with the required inlet temperature T. This ensures that water with the required inlet temperature T Ec  flows to the third heat consumer  4   c  for releasing heat. 
     After heat has been released to the third heat consumer  4   c , the water having a final temperature T Rc  is fed to the collecting pipe  34  via the return pipe  20   c . In the region of the bridge-over pipe  36   b  of the second heat consumer  4   b , the final temperature of the water is detected by the temperature sensor  38   a . The detected temperature does not necessarily correspond to the final temperature T Rc  as the water having a final temperature T Rc  in the collecting pipe  34  can mix with the water having a final temperature T Rd  and/or T Re . If the water has a final temperature which is suited for causing a release of heat to the second heat consumer  4   b , it is fed to the heat consumer  4   b  via the bridge-over pipe  36   b . Here, too, the flow controller unit determines whether the water having a starting temperature T Ab , and which quantity of this water, is to be mixed with the water having a final temperature to adjust the required inlet temperature T Eb . This mixing ratio is adjusted by means of the mixing valve  40   b , if required. 
     After heat has been released to the second heat consumer  4   c , the water having a final, temperature T Rb  is returned to the collecting pipe  34 . The water is then returned, for example, to the stratified storage  2 . In particular, the water is caused to flow into the stratified storage  2  as a function of the final temperature via one of the inlet openings  12   a  to  12   c . Assuming that the water to be introduced into the store  2  has a final temperature T Rb  which approximately corresponds to the water temperature in the central region of the stratified storage  2 , this water is introduced into the stratified storage  2  via the inlet opening  12   b . The water flowing out of the first heat consumer  4   a  is always fed to the lower region of the stratified storage  2  via the lower inlet  10  as this water is maximally cooled, and the water having the lowest temperature is stored in the lower region of the stratified storage  2 . 
     It follows from the above that the thermal energy transported by the water is optimally utilized before it is returned to the stratified storage  2 . Thus, the water is returned to the stratified storage  2  at the lowest temperature. 
     When the water taken from the stratified storage  2  is fed to the respective heat consumers  4   a  to  4   e , the secondary circuits  22   a  to  22   e  are connected in parallel with reference to the primary circuit  16 . That means that the heat consumers  4   a  to  4   e  are provided as a function of their respective inlet temperatures T E . 
     However, the secondary circuits  22   a  to  22   e  can also be connected in series by the bridge-over pipes  36   a  to  36   d . That means that the water having a final temperature T Re  which flows out of the fifth heat consumer  4   e  can be fed to the heat consumers  4   d ,  4   c ,  4   b  and  4   a  situated downstream via the respective bridge-over pipes  36   d ,  36   c ,  36   b  and  36   a , where in this case the heat consumers  4   a  to  4   e  are connected in series by the bridge-over pipes  36   a  to  36   d.    
     The heat exchange between the conventional steam or condensate pipes  28 ,  30  with the respective heat consumers  4   b ,  4   c ,  4   d  and  4   e  corresponds to the heat exchange described in WO 2007/100062 A1 and is therefore not described more in detail herein. 
     Of course, more than five heat consumers can be coupled to the primary circuit  16 . Further examples of heat consumers are disclosed in WO 2006/100062 A1. 
     It will be understood that the disclosure is not exclusively restricted to applications for brewing beer, but can also be employed in other suited fields, such as food treatment, pharmacy or the like.