Abstract:
A system and method for education including community-sourced data and community interactions. The method can include registering a plurality of users in a database, presenting educational material to a user of the plurality of users, recording the performance of the user in regards to the educational material, collecting personal statistics regarding the performance of the user, compiling the personal statistics for the plurality of users to generate community statistics regarding the performance of the plurality of users, comparing the personal statistics of a user to the community statistics or to a subset thereof, collecting personal information from each user of the plurality of users, subdividing the plurality of users into a plurality of communities based on the personal information of each user, facilitating interactions between the users within a community of the plurality of communities, and generating a credibility score for each user within the community.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/248,323, filed Sep. 29, 2011 and entitled SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EDUCATION INCLUDING COMMUNITY-SOURCED DATA AND COMMUNITY INTERACTIONS, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/457,362, filed Mar. 9, 2011 and entitled A STUDY METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR COMPARING A STUDENT&#39;S PERFORMANCE TO A GROUP OR COMMUNITY OF LIKE STUDENTS AND EXPOSING OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVEMENT, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    Computer-based and internet-based education systems allow students to complete coursework relating to educational, professional, or other requirements, without being present in the classroom. However, interactions between the individual students that take courses on such education systems are typically limited. The limited ability to interact with other students can reduce the efficacy of the educational material, as the students are not able to discuss common problems and answers. Additionally, the students are not able to compare their performance to the performance of other students, reducing the motivation of the students by removing the competitive aspect of the course. 
         [0003]    A solution that allows individual students to interact with and compare performance to other students involved with the same coursework is therefore desired. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0004]    According to at least one exemplary embodiment, a system and method for education including community-sourced data and community interactions may be disclosed. The system can include a plurality of user accounts, a plurality of educational modules, a community interaction module, and a database, wherein the system is operable to register a plurality of users in a database, present educational material to a user of the plurality of users, record the performance of the user in regards to the educational material, collect personal statistics regarding the performance of the user, compile the personal statistics for the plurality of users to generate community statistics regarding the performance of the plurality of users, compare the personal statistics of a user to the community statistics or to a subset thereof, collect personal information from each user of the plurality of users, subdivide the plurality of users into a plurality of communities based on the personal information of each user, facilitate interactions between the users within a community of the plurality of communities, and generate a credibility score for each user within the community. 
         [0005]    The method can include registering a plurality of users in a database, presenting educational material to a user of the plurality of users, recording the performance of the user in regards to the educational material, collecting personal statistics regarding the performance of the user, compiling the personal statistics for the plurality of users to generate community statistics regarding the performance of the plurality of users, comparing the personal statistics of a user to the community statistics or to a subset thereof, collecting personal information from each user of the plurality of users, subdividing the plurality of users into a plurality of communities based on the personal information of each user, facilitating interactions between the users within a community of the plurality of communities, and generating a credibility score for each user within the community. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
         [0006]    Advantages of embodiments of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments. The following detailed description should be considered in conjunction with the accompanying figures in which: 
           [0007]      FIG. 1   a  is a diagram of an exemplary computer system. 
           [0008]      FIG. 1   b  is a diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a system for education. 
           [0009]      FIG. 2  shows an exemplary study question module dashboard interface. 
           [0010]      FIG. 3   a - 3   c  show exemplary study question module report interfaces. 
           [0011]      FIG. 3   d  shows an exemplary study question module question interface. 
           [0012]      FIG. 4  shows an exemplary practice exam module dashboard interface. 
           [0013]      FIGS. 5   a - 5   b  show an exemplary practice exam module exam interface. 
           [0014]      FIG. 5   c  shows an exemplary practice exam module exam creation interface. 
           [0015]      FIGS. 5   d - 5   f  show exemplary practice exam module report interfaces. 
           [0016]      FIG. 6  shows an exemplary education module dashboard interface. 
           [0017]      FIG. 7   a  shows an exemplary education module answers report interface. 
           [0018]      FIG. 7   b  shows an exemplary education module course interface. 
           [0019]      FIGS. 7   c - 7   d  show an exemplary education module exam interface. 
           [0020]      FIG. 8  shows an exemplary community interaction module dashboard interface. 
           [0021]      FIG. 9   a  shows an exemplary community question list interface. 
           [0022]      FIG. 9   b  shows an exemplary community question interface. 
           [0023]      FIG. 9   c  shows an exemplary community user profile interface. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0024]    Aspects of the invention are disclosed in the following description and related drawings directed to specific embodiments of the invention. Alternate embodiments may be devised without departing from the spirit or the scope of the invention. Additionally, well-known elements of exemplary embodiments of the invention will not be described in detail or will be omitted so as not to obscure the relevant details of the invention. Further, to facilitate an understanding of the description discussion of several terms used herein follows. 
         [0025]    As used herein, the word “exemplary” means “serving as an example, instance or illustration.” The embodiments described herein are not limiting, but rather are exemplary only. It should be understood that the described embodiment are not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. Moreover, the terms “embodiments of the invention”, “embodiments” or “invention” do not require that all embodiments of the invention include the discussed feature, advantage or mode of operation. 
         [0026]    Further, many of the embodiments described herein are described in terms of sequences of actions to be performed by, for example, elements of a computing device. It should be recognized by those skilled in the art that the various sequence of actions described herein can be performed by specific circuits (e.g., application specific integrated circuits (ASICs)) and/or by program instructions executed by at least one processor. Additionally, the sequence of actions described herein can be embodied entirely within any form of non-transitory computer-readable storage medium such that execution of the sequence of actions enables the processor to perform the functionality described herein. Thus, the various aspects of the present invention may be embodied in a number of different forms, all of which have been contemplated to be within the scope of the claimed subject matter. In addition, for each of the embodiments described herein, the corresponding form of any such embodiments may be described herein as, for example, “a computer configured to” perform the described action. 
         [0027]      FIG. 1   a  illustrates a computer system  111  upon which an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented. The computer system  111  includes a bus  112  or other communication mechanism for communicating information, and a processor  113  coupled with the bus  112  for processing the information. The computer system  111  also includes a main memory  114 , such as a random access memory (RAM) or other dynamic storage device (e.g., dynamic RAM (DRAM), static RAM (SRAM), and synchronous DRAM (SDRAM)), coupled to the bus  112  for storing information and instructions to be executed by processor  113 . In addition, the main memory  114  may be used for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during the execution of instructions by the processor  113 . The computer system  111  further includes a read only memory (ROM)  115  or other static storage device (e.g., programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), and electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM)) coupled to the bus  112  for storing static information and instructions for the processor  113 . 
         [0028]    The computer system  111  also includes a disk controller  116  coupled to the bus  112  to control one or more storage devices for storing information and instructions, such as a magnetic hard disk  117 , and a removable media drive  118  (e.g., floppy disk drive, read-only compact disc drive, read/write compact disc drive, compact disc jukebox, tape drive, and removable magneto-optical drive). The storage devices may be added to the computer system  111  using an appropriate device interface (e.g., small computer system interface (SCSI), integrated device electronics (IDE), enhanced-IDE (E-IDE), direct memory access (DMA), or ultra-DMA). 
         [0029]    Further, exemplary embodiments include or incorporate at least one database which may store software, descriptive data, system data, digital images and any other data item required by the other components necessary to effectuate any embodiment of the present system known to one having ordinary skill in the art. The database may be provided, for example, as a database management system (DBMS), a relational database management system (e.g., DB2, ACCESS, etc.), an object-oriented database management system (ODBMS), a file system or another conventional database package as a few non-limiting examples. The database can be accessed via a Structure Query Language (SQL) or other tools known to one having skill in the art. 
         [0030]    Still referring to  FIG. 1 , the computer system  111  may also include special purpose logic devices (e.g., application specific integrated circuits (ASICs)) or configurable logic devices (e.g., simple programmable logic devices (SPLDs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)). 
         [0031]    The computer system  111  may also include a display controller  119  coupled to the bus  112  to control a display  120 , such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD) or any other type of display, for displaying information to a computer client  204 . The computer system includes input devices, such as a keyboard  121  and a pointing device  122 , for interacting with a computer client  204  and providing information to the processor  113 . Additionally, a touch screen could be employed in conjunction with display  120 . The pointing device  122 , for example, may be a mouse, a trackball, or a pointing stick for communicating direction information and command selections to the processor  113  and for controlling cursor movement on the display  120 . In addition, a printer may provide printed listings of data stored and/or generated by the computer system  111 . 
         [0032]    The computer system  111  performs a portion or all of the processing steps of the invention in response to the processor  113  executing one or more sequences of one or more instructions contained in a memory, such as the main memory  114 . Such instructions may be read into the main memory  114  from another computer readable medium, such as a hard disk  117  or a removable media drive  118 . One or more processors in a multi-processing arrangement may also be employed to execute the sequences of instructions contained in main memory  114 . In alternative embodiments, hard-wired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with software instructions. Thus, embodiments are not limited to any specific combination of hardware circuitry and software. 
         [0033]    As stated above, the computer system  111  includes at least one computer readable medium or memory for holding instructions programmed according to the teachings of the invention and for containing data structures, tables, records, or other data described herein. Examples of computer readable media are compact discs, hard disks, floppy disks, tape, magneto-optical disks, PROMs (EPROM, EEPROM, flash EPROM), DRAM, SRAM, SDRAM, or any other magnetic medium, compact discs (e.g., CD-ROM), or any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, or other physical medium with patterns of holes, a carrier wave (described below), or any other medium from which a computer can read. 
         [0034]    Stored on any one or on a combination of computer readable media, the present invention includes software for controlling the computer system  111 , for driving a device or devices for implementing the invention, and for enabling the computer system  111  to interact with a human client. Such software may include, but is not limited to, device drivers, operating systems, development tools, and applications software. Such computer readable media further includes the computer program product of the present invention for performing all or a portion (if processing is distributed) of the processing performed in implementing the invention. 
         [0035]    The computer code devices of the present invention may be any interpretable or executable code mechanism, including but not limited to scripts, interpretable programs, dynamic link libraries (DLLs), Java classes, and complete executable programs. Moreover, parts of the processing of the present invention may be distributed for better performance, reliability, and/or cost. 
         [0036]    The term “computer readable medium” as used herein refers to any medium that participates in providing instructions to the processor  113  for execution. A computer readable medium may take many forms, including but not limited to, non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media. Non-volatile media includes, for example, optical, magnetic disks, and magneto-optical disks, such as the hard disk  117  or the removable media drive  118 . Volatile media includes dynamic memory, such as the main memory  114 . Transmission media includes coaxial cables, copper wire and fiber optics, including the wires that make up the bus  112 . Transmission media also may also take the form of acoustic or light waves, such as those generated during radio wave and infrared data communications. 
         [0037]    Various forms of computer readable media may be involved in carrying out one or more sequences of one or more instructions to processor  113  for execution. For example, the instructions may initially be carried on a magnetic disk of a remote computer. The remote computer can load the instructions for implementing all or a portion of the present invention remotely into a dynamic memory and send the instructions over a telephone line using a modern. A modem local to the computer system  111  may receive the data on the telephone line and use an infrared transmitter to convert the data to an infrared signal. An infrared detector coupled to the bus  112  can receive the data carried in the infrared signal and place the data on the bus  112 . The bus  112  carries the data to the main memory  114 , from which the processor  113  retrieves and executes the instructions. The instructions received by the main memory  114  may optionally be stored on storage device  117  or  118  either before or after execution by processor  113 . 
         [0038]    The computer system  111  also includes a communication interface  123  coupled to the bus  112 . The communication interface  123  provides a two-way data communication coupling to a network link  124  that is connected to, for example, a local area network (LAN)  125 , or to another communications network  126  such as the Internet. For example, the communication interface  123  may be a network interface card to attach to any packet switched LAN. As another example, the communication interface  123  may be a wireless link. In any such implementation, the communication interface  123  sends and receives electrical, electromagnetic or optical signals that carry digital data streams representing various types of information. 
         [0039]    The network link  124  typically provides data communication through one or more networks to other data devices. For example, the network link  124  may provide a connection to another computer or remotely located presentation device through a local network  125  (e.g., an 802.11-compliant wireless network) or through equipment operated by a service provider, which provides communication services through a communications network  126 . In preferred embodiments, the local network  124  and the communications network  126  preferably use electrical, electromagnetic, or optical signals that carry digital data streams. The signals through the various networks and the signals on the network link  124  and through the communication interface  123 , which carry the digital data to and from the computer system  111 , are exemplary forms of carrier waves transporting the information. The computer system  111  can transmit and receive data, including program code, through the network(s)  125  and  126 , the network link  124  and the communication interface  123 . Moreover, the network link  124  may provide a connection through a LAN  125  to a mobile device  127  such as a personal digital assistant (PDA) laptop computer, or cellular telephone. The LAN communications network  125  and the communications network  126  both use electrical, electromagnetic or optical signals that carry digital data streams. The signals through the various networks and the signals on the network link  124  and through the communication interface  123 , which carry the digital data to and from the system  111 , are exemplary forms of carrier waves transporting the information. The processor system  111  can transmit notifications and receive data, including program code, through the network(s), the network link  124  and the communication interface  123 . 
         [0040]    Other aspects of the invention may include data transmission and Internet-related activities. See Preston Gralla, How the Internet Works, Ziff-Davis Press (1996), which is hereby incorporated by reference into this patent application. Still other aspects of the invention may utilize wireless data transmission, such as those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,456,645, 5,818,328 and/or 6,208,445, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference into this patent application. 
         [0041]    Turning to  FIG. 1   b , and according to at least one exemplary embodiment, a computer-implemented system  100  for education including community-sourced data and community interactions may be disclosed. System  100  may include a plurality of functional modules for implementing the various aspects of system  100 . Such modules may include, but are not limited to, a study module  130 , a practice exam module  140 , and an education module  150 . System  100  may be adapted for any subject matter, such that each module can utilize a similar framework and appearance while presenting content related to the particular subject matter. The subject matter for use with system  100  may be any subject matter, including professional education, professional examination, continuing professional education, and so forth; however, it is contemplated that system  100  may be utilized by individuals at any educational level, including university, graduate school, high school, and so forth. 
         [0042]    System  100  may be accessible by a plurality of users  160 , and each user  160  may maintain a user account with system  100 . System  100  may further include at least one database  170 , wherein the database may be used by system  100  to store any desired information, for example, but not limited to, course information and content, exam questions, practice exams, question and exam weight, statistical information, user accounts and personal user information, personal user statistics, and any other desired information. Statistical information which may be collected by system  100  can include, for example, whether a particular question was answered correctly or incorrectly, which and how many users answered the question correctly or incorrectly, the amount of time and/or tries taken to answer the question, the dates and times the question was answered, and any other desired information. Personal user statistics may include, for example, which questions the user has answered correctly, which questions the user has answered incorrectly, which questions the user has skipped, the time taken to answer a particular question or exam, the dates and times the user has answered a particular question or exam, which courses, chapters, sections, and subsections the user has purchased, commenced, and completed, and any other desired information. Personal user information may include, for example, the user&#39;s identifying information, professional memberships, educational institutions, educational requirements, professional requirements, personal interests, professional interests, educational interests, and any other desired personal information. 
         [0043]    System  100  may further analyze collected statistical information and personal user statistics to generate and display reports based on the statistical information and personal user statistics. Such reports may include data related to the statistics and performance of other users, allowing a user to compare personal performance and statistics with community performance and statistics, and may be discussed further below. 
         [0044]    For each module included in system  100 , the system may utilize a “dashboard” interface for user interaction. The dashboard interface can include a plurality of information groups and can present any desired content in a summary view that can be easily observable and understandable by the user. The user can then select any desired information group, a portion of an information group, or content displayed therein, whereupon system  100  can display detailed information pertaining to the selected content. 
         [0045]    System  100  can further include a community interaction module  180 , which can create dynamic communities  190  and virtual study groups  195  based on commonalities between users  160 . Community interaction module  180  can create user communities  190  at any desired granularity level, including the course level, the subject level, the chapter level, the question level, and so forth. The connection between a particular user  160  and a community may be transitory, in that as the interests of a user or group of users  160  change, the system can associate the particular user or group of users  160  to a relevant community  190 . The members of each community can dynamically evolve based upon the activity of all users within the community. Additionally, community interaction module  180  can include social aspects due to communities  190  being built at the question level, and virtual study groups  195  being based on interests, which may be assigned and/or user-selected. Community interaction module  180  can determine with which areas of study a user  160  is engaged, and can subscribes the user to relevant communities  190  based on the user&#39;s current activity. 
         [0046]    Users  160  can be automatically associated with a particular community by community interaction module  180 . Such associations may be based on any desired criteria, for example, but not limited to, common subject matter being studied by the users, common interests of the users, the aptitude level of the users, and any other desired commonalities between the users. 
         [0047]    When using system  100 , a user  160  may be provided with the option of entering queries about the subject matter displayed. Other users within the community can be automatically notified using an electronic method, and may choose to respond to the user&#39;s queries. The responses can then be posted within the community, and users connected to that question can receive notification of the response. All users may post questions and answers, may elaborate on the subject covered, or may rate or otherwise give feedback on answers provided by other users. Increased positive feedback can then bolster a user&#39;s credibility within a community or study group. Users who receive notification of posted queries are selected based on factors such as credibility, subject history, and momentum score for a test section or chapter, based on question classification. System  100  may allows users to further build credibility based on performance within a community  190  or a group  195 . Additionally, if desired, the educational content provided by the various modules of system  100  may be modified by the user community, or by users within the community having sufficient aptitude or credibility to modify the educational content. 
         [0048]    Turning to  FIG. 2 , an exemplary study module dashboard  200  for a study module  130  may be shown. Study module dashboard  200  can include a lifetime statistics information group  210 , a community analysis information group  220 , a study session information group  230 , and a course statistics information group  250 . 
         [0049]    Lifetime statistics information group can include data pertaining to the number of questions answered correctly, number of questions answered incorrectly, and any other desired lifetime statistics. The statistics may be presented in textual or visual form, may include total amounts, and may be broken down to any desired level of granularity, for example, by account, course, subject, unit, chapter, section, subsection, and so forth. 
         [0050]    Community analysis information group  220  can include a “momentum” group  222 . The momentum can be a calculation based on the total lifetime average percentage of questions answered correctly. Momentum can be calculated by dividing the total number of questions that the user has answered correctly by the total number of questions that the user has attempted to answer. Momentum can be calculated for any desired level of granularity, for example by account, course, subject, unit, chapter, section, subsection, and so forth. Momentum can further be displayed in textual or visual form, and may include the use of color to represent desired ranges of values. 
         [0051]    Community analysis information group  220  can also include a community comparison group  224 . Community comparison group  224  can present the user with a ranking comparing the user&#39;s personal statistics to community statistics for any desired level of granularity. The community comparison can allow a user to compare personal performance with community performance by seeing how the particular user ranks within the community. Levels of granularity for which the comparisons can be made can include, as a non-limiting example, course, subject, unit, chapter, section, and subsection, as well as particular exams, particular locations, groups of particular questions, particular categories of questions, and any other granularity levels that may be contemplated or desired. The opportunity to present a student with granular details of their performance can facilitate emphasizing to the user any available opportunities for improvement, thereby allowing the user to improve his or her performance and likelihood of passage for subsequent exams. 
         [0052]    Study session information group  230  can include statistics for all or any desired study sessions that the user has undertaken. Study session information groups can include total study time  232 , total study sessions  234 , and individual session dates and times  236 . 
         [0053]    Course statistics information group  250  can include information regarding the user&#39;s performance for a particular course, or any other desired level of granularity. Such information can include, for example, which questions the user has answered correctly, which questions the user has answered incorrectly, and the weight of the questions within the selected level of granularity. For example, the course statistics information  250  may be subdivided by subject and section, with the relevant data shown for each, as well as totals for all the data shown in the course statistics information  250 . However, any desired granularity level may be displayed, for example, but not limited to, course, subject, unit, chapter, section, subsection, and so forth. 
         [0054]    Study module dashboard  200  can further include additional links that the user may select to view a corresponding aspect of study module  130 , or a corresponding module of system  100 . Such links may include links to study questions  260 , reports  270 , practice exams  280 , and assistance  290 . Additionally, links may also be provided within corresponding information groups of study module dashboard  200 . 
         [0055]    If a user selects reports link  270 , system  100  may present the user with reports related to study module  130 , which are shown in  FIGS. 3   a - 3   d . Turning to  FIG. 3   a , an exemplary progress report  300  may be shown. Progress report  300  can be subdivided by exam, by section  302 , by subsection  304 , by chapter  306 , or by any other desired level of granularity. For the desired granularity level, progress report  300  can display the total amount of questions answered, the amount of questions answered correctly  308 , the amount of questions answered incorrectly  310 , percentage of questions answered correctly  312 , and the test weight  314 . Progress report  300  can also include totals  316  for each division or subdivision of the progress report. Links  318  to other reports or to the dashboard may further be displayed along with progress report  300 . 
         [0056]    Turning to  FIG. 3   b , an exemplary answers report  320  may be shown. Answers report  320  can display a question list  322 , which may be filtered by questions answered correctly and questions answered incorrectly, as well as data  324  related to the particular questions. Such data may include question number, unit, section, subsection, the correct answer, the user&#39;s answer, correct or incorrect status, and the date. The number of times the question was answered correctly and the total number of attempts to answer the question may also be shown, for example, as a fraction next to the user&#39;s answer. An information panel  326 , which may be a collapsible panel within question list  322 , can display the question subject, the reference for the question, question text, the answer choices, the correct answer, the rationale and explanation for the answer, and any other desired information. 
         [0057]      FIG. 3   c  shows an exemplary notes report  330 . Notes report  330  can include a question list  332 , which may have a substantially similar configuration to question list  322  of answers report  320 , and can display question data  334 . Notes report  330  can be filtered to display questions where the user has made a note, and can show the date the note was created. An information panel  336 , which may be a collapsible panel within question list  332 , can display the contents of the note, the question and answer choices, the correct answer, the rationale and explanation for the answer, and any other desired information. 
         [0058]    A study time report can include a session list, and can further show the total time spent using test module  130 , the average answer time, and the total number of study sessions for the user. The session list can show a listing of all study sessions, and can display pertinent information, such as time and date of the session, total time taken, average time taken per question, questions answered correctly and incorrectly, total questions answered, percentage of questions answered correctly, and any other desired information. 
         [0059]    If a user selects a link to study questions  260 , the system can present the user with a question interface  350 , which is shown in  FIG. 3   d . Question interface  350  can include filter choices  352 , for allowing the user to narrow or broaden the pool of questions available, for example by focus, chapter, practice exams, and by various question repetition options. The focus filter can allow the user to pick a certain section, or other level of granularity, from which the questions will be sourced. The chapter filter can allow the user to select a chapter in the book to focus on and can be part of a larger study process wherein the student can review a chapter in the course material and then answer questions relating to the particular chapter, so as to apply what the user has learned in the course material. The exams filter can allow the user to repeat exams that were previously taken using practice exam module  140 . The repeat filter can allow the user to choose whether only new questions, new and incorrect questions, questions answered incorrectly, or any question should be displayed. If the user selects to only receive incorrect questions, the user can be presented with each question once per study session, and the questions may be repeated during a subsequent study session. 
         [0060]    Question interface  350  can further include links  354  to enter an answer to the question being viewed, to display the rationale for the answer, or to display the next question. A question area  356  can display the question text, the question choices, the correct answer, the rationale for the answer, the reference, subsection and subject of the question, and a field for entering notes regarding the question. A statistics group  358  can display the number of questions answered correctly and incorrectly for a desired level of granularity and as a total. The statistics group  358  can be updated in real time, and can present the information in a textual or visual format. A help group  360  can display context-relevant assistance to the user, and links  362  for error reporting and feedback may also be provided. 
         [0061]    Utilizing question interface  350 , the user can answer a question as many times as desired and can view the rationale as desired. Questions may be selected based on the filters set by filter choices  352  and can be selected randomly. The user can select the desired answer and select the answer button, whereupon the system can provide feedback as to whether the question was answered correctly or incorrectly. The user can then decide to change the answer and submit it again, view the rationale, move on to a new question, set new filters and so forth. Study module  130  can provide any desired number of questions, and the user may attempt to answer the questions as many times as desired. As the user answers questions, system  100  can record statistical information regarding the answered questions, and the statistics for the study session can be updated in real-time. The dashboard can then be updated in real-time along with any provided reports. The time spent studying via study module  130  can also be displayed to the user while the user is utilizing question interface  350 . 
         [0062]    Practice exam module  140  can provide the user with the capability to obtain, create, and take practice exams in conditions that simulate the conditions of an actual exam. Practice exam module  140  can achieve this by creating exams having the same or a similar number of questions, providing same or similar functionality, and providing same or similar time constraints as an actual exam. The practice exams can be created on demand by the user, and multiple exams can be created. If desired, the user may purchase credits so as to take a predetermined quantity of exams, or may purchase an unlimited exam credit. The practice exam module  140  can include a listing of all unfinished exams, delivery of those exams, a tool to create the exams, a dashboard, and reports. 
         [0063]    Exams may be generated in real time, provided the user has sufficient credits for creation of additional exams. The user may choose which exam to create, the amount of questions in the exam, the subject matter covered by the exam, and any other desired criteria. The exam generation process can be optimized to maximize the quality of the generated exam by considering, for example, new available questions, questions that the user has previously answered incorrectly, and questions that the user has answered correctly, if no additional questions are available. Consequently, the generated exam can be unique, customized, and adapted to the user and to the user&#39;s knowledge and skill base at the time of generation. 
         [0064]    Turning to  FIG. 4 , an exemplary practice exam module dashboard  400  for practice exam module  140  may be shown. Practice exam module dashboard  400  can include an incomplete exam group  402 , a completed exam group  410 , an exam total group  420 , a momentum group  425 , a community comparison group  430 , a detailed community statistics group  440 , an exam time group  450 , an exam analysis group  460 , a community time group  470 , and any other desired information groups. 
         [0065]    Incomplete exam group  402  can list any exams that the user has created or begun but has not completed; for example, newly-created exams or exams in progress. The incomplete exams can be identified by the subject matter of the exam, and the amount of answered questions may also be displayed. The user may select a desired incomplete exam to display exam interface  500 , discussed further below. 
         [0066]    Completed exam group  410  can show a list of all exams that the user has successfully completed. The exams may be classified by their subject matter, and the date the exam was taken and the percentage of correct answers may be displayed. A link to the answers report interface may also be provided. Exam total group  420  may include total statistics for all the exams successfully completed by the user. Such statistics may include data pertaining to the number of questions answered correctly, the number of questions answered incorrectly, the number of unanswered questions, and any other desired exam statistics. The statistics may be presented in textual or visual form, and may be broken down to any desired level of granularity, for example, by account, course, subject, unit, chapter, section, subsection, and so forth. 
         [0067]    Momentum group  425  can display the momentum of the user for the exams that the user has completed. Momentum is an average lifetime percentage of questions answered correctly, and is calculated substantially as described earlier herein. Community comparison group  430  can present the user with a ranking comparing the user&#39;s personal statistics to community statistics for any desired level of granularity, substantially as described earlier herein. The community comparison can allow a user to compare personal performance with community performance by seeing how the particular user ranks within the community. 
         [0068]    Detailed community statistics group  440  may include statistics relating to community performance for the desired subject matter. The detailed community statistics group  440  can include information as to the number of questions answered correctly by the user community, the number of questions answered incorrectly by the user community, the percentage of correctly answered questions, and the total number of questions answered by the user community. The community analysis statistics may be subdivided by course, subject, unit, chapter, section, subsection, or any other desired level of granularity. 
         [0069]    Exam time group  450  can present the user with the total time spent on all exams, the total number of exams taken, and the average time taken per question. Exam time group  450  can also include an exam list  452 , wherein the exam date, completion status, total time, average question time, number of correctly and incorrectly answered questions, and any other desired information may be displayed for each exam on list  452 . Exam analysis group  460  can be subdivided, by unit, section, subsection, or by any other desired level of granularity. For the desired granularity level, exam analysis group  460  can display the total questions answered correctly, total questions answered incorrectly, percentage of questions, and the weight of the section. Exam analysis group  460  can also include totals for the above-described information. 
         [0070]    Community time group  470  may display the total exam questions answered by the user community, and the average time taken per question. Such information may be presented in a textual and/or visual format, as desired. 
         [0071]    Practice exam module dashboard  200  can further include additional links that the user may select to view a corresponding aspect of practice exam module  140 , or to a corresponding module of system  100 . Such links may include links to create exam  480 , buy exam credits  482 , reports  484 , and assistance  486 . Additionally, links may also be provided within corresponding information groups of practice exam module dashboard  400 . 
         [0072]    Turning to  FIG. 5   a , an exemplary exam interface  500  may be shown. Exam interface  500  can include navigation buttons  502 , text area  504 , question list  506 , and user assistance  508 . Upon entering the exam interface, text area  504  may display instructions  510  regarding the exam taking procedure, which may be similar to what the user would see when taking a live exam. The user can then start a new exam or continue a previous exam. Turning to  FIG. 5   b , once the user begins the exam, text area  504  may display the question text  512  and a selection of answers  514 . Question list  506  may then display a list of all questions on the particular exam, indicia relating to the status of the question, and the average time taken per question. The question status may be complete, incomplete, or marked, and the amount of complete and incomplete questions may be presented in a textual or visual format. The user may click on a particular question within the question list so as to display that question within text area  504 . User assistance portion  508  can provide context-based assistance to the user prior to and during the exam, and may provide an on-screen calculator as well. 
         [0073]    As the user is taking the exam, the answers may be recorded based on user selection, questions can be marked for later review, the user can move backwards and forwards within the exam using navigation buttons  502 , and the user can click on any question within list  506  to display any exam question as desired. A save &amp; exit button  516  can allow the user to save the exam and exit at any time if the user is not finished, and a finished button  518  can allow the user to mark an exam as finished. Once an exam is marked as finished, the exam can be graded by system  100 , and the results can be made available on any relevant dashboards and reports. Exam interface  500  can also display the amount of time remaining  520  for the exam. If the user runs out of time, a notice can be delivered to the user and the exam can automatically be marked as finished. 
         [0074]      FIG. 5   c  shows an exemplary exam creation interface  522 , which may be accessed via create exam link  480 . Exam creation interface  522  can include a list of available and used credits  524 , subject matter selection buttons  526 , confirmation buttons  528 , and navigation buttons  530 . Credit list  524  can indicate to the user whether sufficient credits remain in the user account to generate additional exams. Subject matter selection buttons  546  can allow the user to generate an exam based on desired subject matter, or on a desired granularity level. Once the user has selected the subject matter, the user may confirm or disconfirm the selection via confirmation buttons  528  or navigate to another interface via navigation buttons  530 . 
         [0075]    If a user selects reports link  482 , system  100  may present the user with reports related to practice exam module  140 , which are shown in  FIGS. 5   d - 5   e . Turning to  FIG. 5   d , an exemplary exam analysis report  532  may be shown, and may include exam list  534  and community list  554 . Exam list  534  can be subdivided by exam, by section  536 , by subsection  538 , by chapter, or by any other desired level of granularity. For the desired granularity level, exam list  534  can display the total amount of questions answered, amount of questions answered correctly  540 , amount of questions answered incorrectly  542 , percentage of questions answered correctly  544 , percentage of questions answered correctly by the user community  548  and the test weight  550 . Exam list  534  can also include totals  552  for each division or subdivision of the progress report. Community list  552  may be organized and subdivided substantially similar to exam list  534 , and may show the total amount of questions answered correctly by the user community, the total amount of questions answered correctly by the user community, the percentage of questions answered correctly by the user community, and the test weight. Links  556  to other reports or to the dashboard may further be displayed along with exam analysis report  532 . 
         [0076]    Exam analysis report  532  can further include a subject proficiency list  558 . Subject proficiency list can list all subjects on which the user was tested, and can include information as to the unit, section, and subsection in which the subjects are located. Subject proficiency list  558  can further display the amount of questions answered correctly, the amount of questions answered incorrectly, and the percentage of questions answered correctly for each subject. Subject proficiency list may be sorted so as to present the subject list in order of percentage of questions answered correctly, or any other criteria, and may be sorted in ascending or descending format. Furthermore, each subject may be color-coded so as to provide an easy visual indication of the user&#39;s proficiency or weakness in a particular subject. As an illustrative example, subjects having a correct answer percentage of less than 25% may be displayed first in the list and highlighted red, subjects having a correct answer percentage between 25% and 75% may be displayed subsequently and highlighted yellow, while subjects having a correct answer percentage above 75% may be displayed subsequently without highlighting. 
         [0077]      FIG. 5   e  shows an exemplary exam answers report  560 . Exam answers report  560  can display each exam  562  completed by the user, and can include information relating to the exam date, the percentage of questions answered correctly, the total number of questions answered, the amount of questions answered correctly, and the amount of questions answered incorrectly for each exam. Each completed exam  562  can be expanded so as to display each question  564  on the exam  562 , including information pertaining to the question number, the unit, section and subsection of the question, the correct answer, the user&#39;s answer, whether the question was marked for review, correct or incorrect status of the answer, and date the question was answered. Each question  564  may further be expanded to reveal additional information  566 , including the subject of the question, the reference for the question, the question text, the answer choices, the correct answer, and the rationale for the answer. 
         [0078]      FIG. 5   f  shows an exemplary exam time report  568 . The exam time report can display the total time spent taking exams, the total amount of exams taken, the average time per question, and an exam time list  570 . For each exam, exam time list  570  can display all exams taken, and can provide pertinent information such as, for example, the date of the exam, the exam unit, total time taken, time taken per question, the amount of questions answered correctly, and the amount of questions answered incorrectly, and the percentage of questions answered correctly. Exam time report  570  can further display the community time  572 , including the total questions taken by the user community and the average time per question for the user community. 
         [0079]    Education module  150  can provide the user with the capability to obtain and take educational courses, such as, for example, continuing education courses for professionals, courses offered by an educational institution, courses taken to satisfy particular requirements, and so forth. Based on input user information, such as profession or school enrollment, system  100  can refer to known requirements, for example requirements for continuing education completion, or credit-hours necessary for course completion, so as to provide the user with information regarding requirement completion status, available time to complete the requirements, and any other pertinent information. The user can then obtain the necessary courses, for example by purchasing the course via system  100 , and complete the course requirements via education module  150 . The results of the completed course and any associated exams may then be sent directly to the appropriate educational authority or governing body along with any desired user-identifying information. 
         [0080]      FIG. 6  shows an exemplary education module dashboard  600  for an education module  150 . Education module  600  can include a requirement status group  610 , a last test score group  620 , an available course group  630 , a recent test score group  640 , a completed course group  650 . Education module  600  can further display the remaining time  660  for the user to complete the particular educational requirements, as well as additional links that the user may select to view a corresponding aspect of education module  150 , or a corresponding module of system  100 . Such links may include links to reports  670 , and buying courses  680 . 
         [0081]    Requirement status group  610  can display the amount of courses, hours, credit-hours, or any other criteria that the user has completed in satisfaction of the user&#39;s particular educational requirements, as well as remaining hours, courses, credit-hours, and so forth that the user must complete to fully satisfy the particular educational requirements. Requirement status group  610  can display such information separately for each course, professional association, educational institution, or other entity for which the user has educational requirements, and may display such information in a textual or visual format. Education module  150  may ascertain such information based on known educational requirements, the courses that the user has taken via system  100 , as well as user-input hours for any actions in satisfaction of educational requirements that were performed outside of system  100 . 
         [0082]    Last test score group  620  can display the course name, the exam date, and the exam score of the last exam attempted by the user, and the pass/fail status of the exam. Such information may be displayed in textual or visual form. Recent test score group  640  can show a list of a desired number of exams recently attempted by the user, and, for each exam, can show the course name, the exam date, and the pass/fail status of the exam. 
         [0083]    Available course group  630  can display a list of courses that the user has purchased, obtained via an unlimited course package, or otherwise obtained via system  100 . For each course listed, available course group  630  can display the course category, the hours (such as, for example, credit-hours or contract-hours) pertaining to the course, the time spent on the course, the completion status of the course, and a retake exam link in the event the student did not pass. Completed course group  650  can display a list of courses completed by the user, and can allow the user to complete a survey related to the course, access the course materials, and view or print the certificate of completion for the course. If the time available for a course year expires, the unlimited course package may be removed from the available course list; however, completed courses can be accessed and the certificate of completion can be retrieved at any time as desired. The course survey can include a pre-defined set of quality control questions, for which the user can select an answer choice of one to five stars, with one star being the poorest and five stars being the greatest. Once the survey is completed the certificate of completion can be made available. 
         [0084]      FIG. 7   a  shows an exemplary exam answers report  700 , which the user may access by selecting reports link  670 . Exam answers report  700  can display each exam  702  completed by the user for a particular course, and can include information relating to the course name, the exam date, the percentage of questions answered correctly, and the time spent taking the exam. Each exam  702  can be expanded so as to display each question  704  on the exam  702 , including information pertaining to the question number, the user&#39;s answer, the correct or incorrect status of the answer, and date the question was answered. Each question  704  may further be expanded to reveal additional information, including the question and the list of potential answers to the question. 
         [0085]      FIG. 7   b  shows an exemplary course interface  710 . Course interface  710  can include links to save and exit the course  712 , take the course exam  714 , view/print course materials  716 , and submit feedback  718 . Course interface  710  can further include a table of contents area  720  and a lesson area  722 , with navigation buttons  724  provided for allowing the user to change the content displayed in lesson area  722 . Table of contents area  720  can track and store the progress of the user within the course in real time. Each section within the table of contents area  720  can be marked to show whether the student is currently viewing that section, has not yet viewed the section, or has already viewed the section. This can allow the user to return to their last position within the course should the user desire to take the course over several separate sessions. Lesson area  722  can display any relevant course content for the section being viewed by the user. Content displayed within lesson area  722  may be any desired content, including web content, text, images, video, music, multimedia, interactive content, and so forth. Additionally, course interface  710  may be self-scrolling, in that the user can decide to keep table of contents  720  fixed or allow the table of contents to move while the user scrolls and reads the course content. As the user reviews the course content, the user can utilize navigation buttons  724  to move through the content, while course interface  710  can automatically scroll and reset the view to the beginning of a new section of content. The user can also use table of contents  720  to jump between sections as desired. 
         [0086]    If a user elects to take the exam, for example by selecting take exam button  714 , the system can load the exam, the passing percentage for the exam, the time allowed for the exam, and can confirm that the allowed number of exam attempts has not been exceeded. Turning to  FIG. 7   c , an exemplary exam interface  730  may be shown. Exam interface  730  can include navigation buttons  732 , text area  734 , question list  736 , and user assistance  738 . Upon entering the exam interface, text area  734  may display instructions  740  regarding the exam taking procedure and the allowed time for the exam  735 . The user can then start the exam or exit the exam interface via navigation buttons  732 . Turning to  FIG. 7   d , once the user begins the exam, text area  734  may display the question text  742  and a selection of answers  744 . Question list  736  may then display a list of all questions on the particular exam, indicia relating to the status of the question, and the average time taken per question. The question status may be complete, incomplete, or marked, and the amount of complete and incomplete questions may be presented in a textual or visual format. The user may click on a particular question within the question list so as to display that question within text area  734 , or may use navigation buttons  732  to navigate questions sequentially. The user may also mark desired questions so as to return to the question at a later time. User assistance portion  738  can provide context-based assistance to the user prior to and during the exam, and may provide an on-screen calculator as well. When the user finishes the exam, or once the allowed time has expired, education module  150  can mark the exam as finished. Once an exam is marked as finished, the exam can be graded by education module  150 , and the results can be made available on any relevant dashboards and reports. Should the user successfully pass the course, the user may be allowed to complete the course survey and access the course completion certificate for viewing, printing, and transmission. 
         [0087]    Turning to  FIG. 8 , an exemplary community interaction module dashboard  800  for practice exam module  180  may be shown. Community interaction module dashboard  800  can include a user guide group  802 , a user profile group  810 , a subscriptions group  820 , a messages group  830 , a recent questions group  840 , a recommendations group  850 , a community connections group  860 , a news updates group  870 , and any other desired information groups. 
         [0088]    User profile group  810  may display information pertaining to the user and the user&#39;s reputation in the community, such as, for example, the date when the user registered with system  100 , the location of the user, the credibility score of the user, and any other desired information. User profile group  810  may further include links to view or edit the user&#39;s profile information or the user&#39;s account information, as well as a link to view the user&#39;s credibility report. The user&#39;s profile information may include a profile picture, a list of the user&#39;s professional, educational or other credentials, the user&#39;s role (e.g. student, consumer, professional, teacher, association, company, and so forth), and links to any social network profile pages that the user may have. The user&#39;s account information may include the user&#39;s contact and personal information, the user&#39;s interests in subscribing to system  100  (e.g. community, test preparation, continuing education, and so forth), and any other desired information. 
         [0089]    Recent questions group  840  can display a list of questions posted by members of the community groups of which the user is a member. The questions may be displayed in reverse chronological order of posting, and the user may select a desired question to view the corresponding page for the particular question, which may include any answers to the question that were provided by members of the community and any additional desired information. The question list may be updated in real time as new questions are submitted to community interaction module  180 . Recent questions group  840  can further include links to questions that the user has asked or answered, to all questions asked by members of the community, and to a question composition interface, which the user may utilize to ask a new question. The question composition interface may include fields for the question title and the body of the question, and may further allow the user to select the question level, i.e., whether the question being asked is a novice/beginner question or an expert/advanced question. 
         [0090]    Both individuals registered with system  100  as well as associations, companies, professional organizations, or other entities registered with system  100  may create profile pages within community module  180 . Profile pages for business entities may include news and update postings from the entity, events in which the entity is involved, job postings offered by the entity, maps of the entity&#39;s office locations, links to the entity&#39;s website, feeds sourced from the entity&#39;s social media postings, and any other desired information. Users may subscribe to the profile pages of business entities, and subscriptions group  820  may include a list of and links to the business entity profile pages to which the user is subscribed. Subscriptions group  820  may further include a “mashup” button that the user may select to view a combined news feed of postings sourced from all business entity profile pages to which the user is subscribed. A search field included within subscriptions group  820  can allow the user to search through the profile pages that exist in the community to find and subscribe to a desired profile page. 
         [0091]    Recommendations group  850  can include a list of business entity profile pages that may be of interest to the user. Community module  180  can determine which profile pages may be of interest to the user by employing various criteria. Such criteria may include, but are not limited to, the classes that the user is subscribed to, the user&#39;s professional, educational, and other affiliations, the user&#39;s interests, the profile pages to which the user is already subscribed, the user&#39;s geographic location, and any other desired criteria. 
         [0092]    Community connections group  860  can include a list of other members of system  100  with whom the user has connections, and a list of other members of system  100  that subscribe to the same business entity profile pages as the user. Selecting any particular member listed in community connections group  860  can display the particular member&#39;s personal profile page. Messages group  830  can display a list of personal messages sent and received by the user, and can include links to the user&#39;s personal message inbox. User guide group  802  can provide guidance to the user as to the various features of community interaction module  180  and the associated dashboard and interfaces. News updates group  870  can include a news feed list of weblog and social media posts relevant to system  100  and its users. 
         [0093]    Community interaction module dashboard  800  can further include additional links  880  that the user may select to view a corresponding aspect of community interaction module  180 . Such links may include links to execute a search of community interaction module  180 , and to view a list of questions asked by members of the community. Additionally, links may also be provided within corresponding information groups of community interaction module dashboard  800 . 
         [0094]    Turning to  FIG. 9   a , an exemplary question list  900  may be shown. Question list  900  may display all questions asked by the community of which the user is a member, and may also be filtered so as to display the most recently asked questions, unanswered questions, the questions with most votes, the questions with most views, or may be filtered by and other desired criteria. Each question  902  displayed in question list  900  may include the question title and excerpt  904 , a vote counter  906 , an answer counter  908 , a view counter  910 , a correct answer indicator  912 , and question metadata  914 . Vote counter  906  may display the amount of votes that the question has received from members of the community, while answer counter  908  may display the amount of answers to the particular question that were given by members of the community. The view counter  910  may display the amount of times the particular question was viewed by members of the community. Correct answer indicator  912  may display whether a correct answer has been posted for the particular question. Question metadata  914  may include information pertaining to the particular question, such as question level, name of the member who asked the question, the date the question was asked, and any other desired information. The user may select any desired question displayed on the list to view the question interface for the particular question, may select ask question link  916  to ask a new question, or may select dashboard link  918  to return to community interaction module dashboard  800 . 
         [0095]    Turning to  FIG. 9   b , an exemplary question interface  920  may be displayed. Question interface  920  may include a question area  922  and an answer list  924 . Question area  922  may include the title, text, and level of the question, vote counter  926 , view counter  928 , and vote button  930 . Question area  922  may further include links to display comments related to the question  932 , to answer the question  934  and to add a comment  936 . Answer list  924  may display all answers  938  that were posted by members of the community. Each answer  938  may include the text of the answer, vote counter  940 , vote button  942 , correct button  944 , and links to display comments related to the answer  946  and to add a comment  948 . Question interface  920  may further include links to answer the question  934 , report an error in a question or an answer  950 , ask a new question  952 , return to the list of questions  954 , and return to the dashboard  956 . A user may select vote buttons  930 ,  942  to increment the vote counters  926 ,  940  of any question or answer that the user finds to be informative. The user may also select correct button  944  to mark a particular answer as being the correct answer to the displayed question. 
         [0096]    Turning to  FIG. 9   c , an exemplary user profile page  960  may be shown. Each member registered with system  100  may have a user profile page  960 , and the user profile pages may be visible to other members of the community. User profile page  960  can include user information  962 , credibility report  964 , page list  966 , and any other desired information pertaining to the particular member displayed on the user profile page. User information  962  may display information pertaining to the member and the member&#39;s reputation in the community, such as, for example, the date when the member registered with system  100 , the location of the member, the credibility score of the member, the member&#39;s credentials and any other desired information. Page list  966  may display a list of the pages to which the particular member subscribes or contributes to. Additionally, links  968  can allow the user to form a connection with or send a private message to the particular member. 
         [0097]    Credibility report  964  may display the member&#39;s credibility score, which may be a number within the range 0-100, or any other desired range. The credibility score may be calculated by consideration of the member&#39;s participatory activities in the community. Credibility report  964  can display which activities have been considered in calculating the credibility score. Such activities may include, but are not limited to, the creation of new pages, creation of page updates, subscribing to pages, making connections with other members of the community, creating questions, voting for questions, answering questions, voting for answers, writing correct answers, earning credentials, completing courses, frequency of participation in the community, and any other desired activities. Furthermore, the weight of each activity in calculating the credibility score may vary, and activities having greater weight may be identified in credibility report  964 . 
         [0098]    System  100  may further include shopping cart functionality for purchasing credits, courses, exams, or any other desired materials available through system  100 . The shopping cart functionality can inform the user if particular materials have been previously purchased by the user. 
         [0099]    System  100  can further include partner program capabilities, so as to reduce slippage and to give credit for the maximum amount of business sent to the implementer of system  100 . The partner program capabilities can be effectuated regardless of whether an order placed with system  100  takes place via the internet, via telephone, or via any other medium. A non-expiring cookie may be set on a user&#39;s computing device when the user visits a web site of system  100 . Upon the user&#39;s return, the implementer of system  100  can track and award commissions to any partners, for the life of the user&#39;s account. Additionally, a partner can be provided with a user-friendly tracking URL to access a web site of system  100 , wherein the tracking URL can mask identifying data including, partner identification, referring site, and any other desired data. System  100  can use the identifying data to display co-branding relating to the partner, to create a cookie on the user&#39;s machine, and to creates session tracking variables, which can be transparent to the user. Upon registration of a user, the user is identified with the referring partner for the life of the user account. Subsequently, in the event the cookie is lost or the user comes back to the site without using the tracking URL, the account can remain assigned to the partner, and credit can be awarded to the partner at any time for any transaction occurring under the account. 
         [0100]    The foregoing description and accompanying figures illustrate the principles, preferred embodiments and modes of operation of the invention. However, the invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular embodiments discussed above. Additional variations of the embodiments discussed above will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. 
         [0101]    Therefore, the above-described embodiments should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive. Accordingly, it should be appreciated that variations to those embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.