Abstract:
The electrically variable transmission family of the present invention provides low-content, low-cost electrically variable transmission mechanisms including first, second and third differential gear sets, a battery and three electric machines serving interchangeably as motors or generators. The three motor/generators are operable in a coordinated fashion to yield an EVT with a continuously variable range of speeds (including reverse).

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
       [0001]     This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/729,195 filed on Oct. 21 st , 2005, and which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
     
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD  
       [0002]     The present invention relates to electrically variable transmissions having three planetary gear sets and three motor/generators that are controllable to provide continuously variable speed ratio ranges.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0003]     Electric hybrid vehicles offer the potential for significant fuel economy improvements over their conventional counterparts; however, their overall efficiency is limited by parasitic losses. In single-mode electric variable transmissions (EVT) these losses are mostly attributed to electric machines rotating at high speeds. Two-mode EVTs offer the advantage of reduced motor-generator speeds, but often suffer losses attributed to high-pressure hydraulic pump and clutches needed for mode switching. Significant vehicle fuel economy gains can be realized if the losses associated with high-pressure hydraulic pump, clutches and high motor-generator speeds are substantially eliminated.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0004]     This invention describes continuously-variable mechatronic hybrid transmissions that offer the advantages of multi-mode EVTs without the need for clutches and the associated high pressure hydraulic pump.  
         [0005]     The electrically variable transmission family of the present invention provides low-content, low-cost electrically variable transmission mechanisms including first, second and third differential gear sets, a battery (or similar energy storage device) and three electric machines serving interchangeably as motors or generators. Preferably, the differential gear sets are planetary gear sets, but other gear arrangements may be implemented, such as bevel gears or differential gearing to an offset axis.  
         [0006]     In this description, the first, second and third planetary gear sets may be counted first to third in any order (i.e., left to right, right to left, etc.).  
         [0007]     Each of the three planetary gear sets has three members. The first, second or third member of each planetary gear set can be any one of a sun gear, ring gear or carrier, or alternatively a pinion.  
         [0008]     Each carrier can be either a single-pinion carrier (simple) or a double-pinion carrier (compound).  
         [0009]     The input shaft is continuously connected with a member of the planetary gear sets. The output shaft is continuously connected with another member of the planetary gear sets.  
         [0010]     A first interconnecting member continuously connects the first member of the first planetary gear set with the first member of the second planetary gear.  
         [0011]     A second interconnecting member continuously connects the second member of the first planetary gear set with a first member of the third planetary gear set.  
         [0012]     A third interconnecting member continuously connects the second member of the second planetary gear set with a second member of the third planetary gear set.  
         [0013]     A first motor/generator is connected to a member of the first or second planetary gear set.  
         [0014]     A second motor/generator is connected to a member of the second or third planetary gear set.  
         [0015]     A third motor/generator is connected to a member of the first or third planetary gear set.  
         [0016]     In essence, the planetary gear arrangement has six nodes, five of which are connected with the input shaft, output shaft and three motor/generators. The electric motor/generators are connected with drive units, control system and energy storage devices, such as a battery.  
         [0017]     The three motor/generators are operated in a coordinated fashion to yield continuously variable forward and reverse speed ratios between the input shaft and the output shaft, while minimizing the rotational speeds of the motor-generators and optimizing the overall efficiency of the system. The tooth ratios of the planetary gear sets can be suitably selected to match specific applications.  
         [0018]     The above features and advantages and other features and advantages of the present invention are readily apparent from the following detailed description of the best modes for carrying out the invention when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0019]      FIG. 1  is a schematic representation of a powertrain including an electrically variable transmission incorporating a family member of the present invention;  
         [0020]      FIG. 2  is a schematic representation of a powertrain including an electrically variable transmission incorporating a family member of the present invention;  
         [0021]      FIG. 3  is a schematic representation of a powertrain including an electrically variable transmission incorporating a family member of the present invention;  
         [0022]      FIG. 4  is a schematic representation of a powertrain including an electrically variable transmission incorporating a family member of the present invention;  
         [0023]      FIG. 5  is a schematic representation of a powertrain including an electrically variable transmission incorporating a family member of the present invention;  
         [0024]      FIG. 6  is a schematic representation of a powertrain including an electrically variable transmission incorporating a family member of the present invention;  
         [0025]      FIG. 7  is a schematic representation of a powertrain including an electrically variable transmission incorporating a family member of the present invention;  
         [0026]      FIG. 8  is a schematic representation of a powertrain including an electrically variable transmission incorporating a family member of the present invention;  
         [0027]      FIG. 9  is a schematic representation of a powertrain including an electrically variable transmission incorporating a family member of the present invention;  
         [0028]      FIG. 10  is a schematic representation of a powertrain including an electrically variable transmission incorporating a family member of the present invention;  
         [0029]      FIG. 11  is a schematic representation of a powertrain including an electrically variable transmission incorporating a family member of the present invention; and  
         [0030]      FIG. 12  is a schematic representation of a powertrain including an electrically variable transmission incorporating a family member of the present invention. 
     
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0031]     With reference to  FIG. 1 , a powertrain  10  is shown, including an engine  12  connected to one preferred embodiment of the improved electrically variable transmission (EVT), designated generally by the numeral  14 . Transmission  14  is designed to receive at least a portion of its driving power from the engine  12 . As shown, the engine  12  has an output shaft that serves as the input member  17  of the transmission  14 . A transient torque damper (not shown) may also be implemented between the engine  12  and the input member  17  of the transmission.  
         [0032]     In the embodiment depicted the engine  12  may be a fossil fuel engine, such as a gasoline or diesel engine which is readily adapted to provide its available power output typically delivered at a selectable number of revolutions per minute (RPM).  
         [0033]     Irrespective of the means by which the engine  12  is connected to the transmission input member  17 , the transmission input member  17  is operatively connected to a planetary gear set in the transmission  14 .  
         [0034]     An output member  19  of the transmission  14  is connected to a final drive  16 .  
         [0035]     The transmission  14  utilizes three differential gear sets, preferably in the nature of planetary gear sets  20 ,  30  and  40 . The planetary gear set  20  employs an outer gear member  24 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  24  circumscribes an inner gear member  22 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  26  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  27  such that each planet gear  27  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  24  and the inner, sun gear member  22  of the first planetary gear set  20 .  
         [0036]     The planetary gear set  30  also employs an outer gear member  34 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  34  circumscribes an inner gear member  32 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  36  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  37  such that each planet gear  37  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  34  and the inner, sun gear member  32  of the planetary gear set  30 .  
         [0037]     The planetary gear set  40  also employs an outer gear member  44 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  44  circumscribes an inner gear member  42 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  46  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  47  such that each planet gear  47  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  44  and the inner, sun gear member  42  of the planetary gear set  40 .  
         [0038]     The input shaft  17  is continuously connected to the sun gear member  22  of the planetary gear set  20 . The output shaft  19  is continuously connected to the carrier member  36  of the planetary gear set  30 .  
         [0039]     A first interconnecting member  70  continuously connects the carrier member  26  of the planetary gear set  20  with the ring gear member  34  of the planetary gear set. A second interconnecting member  72  continuously connects the ring gear member  24  of the planetary gear set  20  with the carrier member  46  of the planetary gear set  40 . A third interconnecting member  74  continuously connects the carrier member  36  of the planetary gear set  30  with the ring gear member  44  of the planetary gear set  40 .  
         [0040]     The first preferred embodiment  10  also incorporates first, second and third motor/generators  80 ,  82  and  84 , respectively. The stator of the first motor/generator  80  is secured to the transmission housing  60 . The rotor of the first motor/generator  80  is secured to the carrier member  46  of the planetary gear set  40  and the ring gear member  24  of the planetary gear set  20  via interconnecting member  72 .  
         [0041]     The stator of the second motor/generator  82  is secured to the transmission housing  60 . The rotor of the second motor/generator  82  is secured to the sun gear member  42  of the planetary gear set  40 .  
         [0042]     The stator of the third motor/generator  84  is secured to the transmission housing  60 . The rotor of the third motor/generator  84  is secured to the sun gear member  32  of the planetary gear set  30 .  
         [0043]     Returning now to the description of the power sources, it should be apparent from the foregoing description, and with particular reference to  FIG. 1 , that the transmission  14  selectively receives power from the engine  12 . The hybrid transmission also receives power from an electric power source  86 , which is operably connected to a controller  88 . The electric power source  86  may be one or more batteries. Other electric power sources, such as capacitors or fuel cells, that have the ability to provide, or store, and dispense electric power may be used in place of or in combination with batteries without altering the concepts of the present invention. The speed ratio between the input shaft and output shaft is prescribed by the speeds of the three motor/generators and the ring gear/sun gear tooth ratios of the planetary gear sets. Those with ordinary skill in the transmission art will recognize that desired input/output speed ratios can be realized by suitable selection of the speeds of the three motor/generators.  
         [0000]     Description of a Second Exemplary Embodiment  
         [0044]     With reference to  FIG. 2 , a powertrain  110  is shown, including an engine  12  connected to another embodiment of the improved electrically variable transmission (EVT), designated generally by the numeral  114 . Transmission  114  is designed to receive at least a portion of its driving power from the engine  12 . As shown, the engine  12  has an output shaft that serves as the input member  17  of the transmission  114 . A transient torque damper (not shown) may also be implemented between the engine  12  and the input member  17  of the transmission.  
         [0045]     In the embodiment depicted the engine  12  may be a fossil fuel engine, such as a gasoline or diesel engine which is readily adapted to provide its available power output typically delivered at a selectable number of revolutions per minute (RPM).  
         [0046]     Irrespective of the means by which the engine  12  is connected to the transmission input member  17 , the transmission input member  17  is operatively connected to a planetary gear set in the transmission  114 .  
         [0047]     An output member  19  of the transmission  114  is connected to a final drive  16 .  
         [0048]     The transmission  114  utilizes three differential gear sets, preferably in the nature of planetary gear sets  120 ,  130  and  140 . The planetary gear set  120  employs an outer gear member  124 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  124  circumscribes an inner gear member  122 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  126  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  127  such that each planet gear  127  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  124  and the inner, sun gear member  122  of the first planetary gear set  120 .  
         [0049]     The planetary gear set  130  also employs an outer gear member  134 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  134  circumscribes an inner gear member  132 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  136  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  137  such that each planet gear  137  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  134  and the inner, sun gear member  132  of the planetary gear set  130 .  
         [0050]     The planetary gear set  140  also employs an outer gear member  144 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  144  circumscribes an inner gear member  142 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  146  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  147  such that each planet gear  147  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  144  and the inner, sun gear member  142  of the planetary gear set  140 .  
         [0051]     The input shaft  17  is continuously connected to the sun gear member  142  of the planetary gear set  140 . The output shaft  19  is continuously connected to the carrier member  126  of the planetary gear set  120 .  
         [0052]     A first interconnecting member  170  continuously connects the carrier member  126  of the planetary gear set  120  with the ring gear member  134  of the planetary gear set  130 . A second interconnecting member  172  continuously connects the sun gear member  122  of the planetary gear set  120  with the sun gear member  142  of the planetary gear set  140 . A third interconnecting member  174  continuously connects the sun gear member  132  of the planetary gear set  130  with the ring gear member  144  of the planetary gear set  140 .  
         [0053]     The second preferred embodiment  110  also incorporates first, second and third motor/generators  180 ,  182  and  184 , respectively. The stator of the first motor/generator  180  is secured to the transmission housing  160 . The rotor of the first motor/generator  180  is secured to the ring gear member  124  of the planetary gear set  120 .  
         [0054]     The stator of the second motor/generator  182  is secured to the transmission housing  160 . The rotor of the second motor/generator  182  is secured to the carrier member  136  of the planetary gear set  130 .  
         [0055]     The stator of the third motor/generator  184  is secured to the transmission housing  160 . The rotor of the third motor/generator  184  is secured to the carrier member  146  of the planetary gear set  140 .  
         [0056]     The hybrid transmission  114  receives power from the engine  12 , and also exchanges power with an electric power source  186 , which is operably connected to a controller  188 .  
         [0000]     Description of a Third Exemplary Embodiment  
         [0057]     With reference to  FIG. 3 , a powertrain  210  is shown, including an engine  12  connected to another embodiment of the improved electrically variable transmission (EVT), designated generally by the numeral  214 . Transmission  214  is designed to receive at least a portion of its driving power from the engine  12 . As shown, the engine  12  has an output shaft that serves as the input member  17  of the transmission  214 . A transient torque damper (not shown) may also be implemented between the engine  12  and the input member  17  of the transmission.  
         [0058]     In the embodiment depicted the engine  12  may be a fossil fuel engine, such as a gasoline or diesel engine which is readily adapted to provide its available power output typically delivered at a selectable number of revolutions per minute (RPM).  
         [0059]     Irrespective of the means by which the engine  12  is connected to the transmission input member  17 , the transmission input member  17  is operatively connected to a planetary gear set in the transmission  214 .  
         [0060]     An output member  19  of the transmission  214  is connected to a final drive  16 .  
         [0061]     The transmission  214  utilizes three differential gear sets, preferably in the nature of planetary gear sets  220 ,  230  and  240 . The planetary gear set  220  employs an outer gear member  224 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  224  circumscribes an inner gear member  222 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  226  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  227  such that each planet gear  227  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  224  and the inner, sun gear member  222  of the first planetary gear set  220 .  
         [0062]     The planetary gear set  230  also employs an outer gear member  234 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  234  circumscribes an inner gear member  232 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  236  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  237  such that each planet gear  237  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  234  and the inner, sun gear member  232  of the planetary gear set  230 .  
         [0063]     The planetary gear set  240  also employs an outer gear member  244 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  244  circumscribes an inner gear member  242 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  246  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  247  such that each planet gear  247  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  244  and the inner, sun gear member  242  of the planetary gear set  240 .  
         [0064]     The input shaft  17  is continuously connected to the sun gear member  242  of the planetary gear set  240 . The output shaft  19  is continuously connected to the carrier member  236  of the planetary gear set  230 .  
         [0065]     A first interconnecting member  270  continuously connects the sun gear member  222  with the sun gear member  232 . A second interconnecting member  272  continuously connects the ring gear member  224  with the ring gear member  244 . A third interconnecting member  274  continuously connects the ring gear member  234  with the carrier  246 .  
         [0066]     The preferred embodiment  210  also incorporates first, second and third motor/generators  280 ,  282  and  284 , respectively. The stator of the first motor/generator  280  is secured to the transmission housing  260 . The rotor of the first motor/generator  280  is secured to the sun gear member  222  of the planetary gear set  240 .  
         [0067]     The stator of the second motor/generator  282  is secured to the transmission housing  260 . The rotor of the second motor/generator  282  is secured to the carrier member  226  of the planetary gear set  220 .  
         [0068]     The stator of the third motor/generator  284  is secured to the transmission housing  260 . The rotor of the third motor/generator  284  is secured to the carrier member  246  of the planetary gear set  240 .  
         [0069]     The hybrid transmission  214  receives power from the engine  12 , and also exchanges power with an electric power source  286 , which is operably connected to a controller  288 .  
         [0000]     Description of a Fourth Exemplary Embodiment  
         [0070]     With reference to  FIG. 4 , a powertrain  310  is shown, including an engine  12  connected to another embodiment of the improved electrically variable transmission (EVT), designated generally by the numeral  314 . Transmission  314  is designed to receive at least a portion of its driving power from the engine  12 . As shown, the engine  12  has an output shaft that serves as the input member  17  of the transmission  314 . A transient torque damper (not shown) may also be implemented between the engine  12  and the input member  17  of the transmission.  
         [0071]     In the embodiment depicted the engine  12  may be a fossil fuel engine, such as a gasoline or diesel engine which is readily adapted to provide its available power output typically delivered at a selectable number of revolutions per minute (RPM).  
         [0072]     Irrespective of the means by which the engine  12  is connected to the transmission input member  17 , the transmission input member  17  is operatively connected to a planetary gear set in the transmission  14 . An output member  19  of the transmission  314  is connected to a final drive  16 .  
         [0073]     The transmission  314  utilizes three differential gear sets, preferably in the nature of planetary gear sets  320 ,  330  and  340 . The planetary gear set  320  employs an outer gear member  324 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  324  circumscribes an inner gear member  322 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  326  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  327  such that each planet gear  327  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  324  and the inner, sun gear member  322  of the first planetary gear set  320 .  
         [0074]     The planetary gear set  330  also employs an outer gear member  334 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  334  circumscribes an inner gear member  332 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  336  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  337  such that each planet gear  337  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  334  and the inner, sun gear member  332  of the planetary gear set  330 .  
         [0075]     The planetary gear set  340  also employs an outer gear member  344 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  344  circumscribes an inner gear member  342 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  346  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  347  such that each planet gear  347  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  344  and the inner, sun gear member  342  of the planetary gear set  340 .  
         [0076]     The input shaft  17  is continuously connected to the carrier member  346  of the planetary gear set  340 . The output shaft  19  is continuously connected to the carrier member  326  of the planetary gear set  320 .  
         [0077]     A first interconnecting member  370  continuously connects the carrier member  326  with the ring gear member  334 . A second interconnecting member  372  continuously connects the sun gear member  322  with the ring gear member  344 . A third interconnecting member  374  continuously connects the sun gear member  332  with the carrier member  346 .  
         [0078]     The preferred embodiment  310  also incorporates first, second and third motor/generators  380 ,  382  and  384 , respectively. The stator of the first motor/generator  380  is secured to the transmission housing  360 . The rotor of the first motor/generator  380  is secured to the ring gear member  324 .  
         [0079]     The stator of the second motor/generator  382  is secured to the transmission housing  360 . The rotor of the second motor/generator  382  is secured to the carrier member  336 .  
         [0080]     The stator of the third motor/generator  384  is secured to the transmission housing  360 . The rotor of the third motor/generator  384  is secured to the sun gear member  342 .  
         [0081]     The hybrid transmission  314  receives power from the engine  12 , and also exchanges power with an electric power source  386 , which is operably connected to a controller  388 .  
         [0000]     Description of a Fifth Exemplary Embodiment  
         [0082]     With reference to  FIG. 5 , a powertrain  410  is shown, including an engine  12  connected to another embodiment of the improved electrically variable transmission (EVT), designated generally by the numeral  414 . Transmission  414  is designed to receive at least a portion of its driving power from the engine  12 . As shown, the engine  12  has an output shaft that serves as the input member  17  of the transmission  414 . A transient torque damper (not shown) may also be implemented between the engine  12  and the input member  17  of the transmission.  
         [0083]     In the embodiment depicted the engine  12  may be a fossil fuel engine, such as a gasoline or diesel engine which is readily adapted to provide its available power output typically delivered at a selectable number of revolutions per minute (RPM).  
         [0084]     Irrespective of the means by which the engine  12  is connected to the transmission input member  17 , the transmission input member  17  is operatively connected to a planetary gear set in the transmission  414 . An output member  19  of the transmission  414  is connected to a final drive  16 .  
         [0085]     The transmission  414  utilizes three differential gear sets, preferably in the nature of planetary gear sets  420 ,  430  and  440 . The planetary gear set  420  employs an outer gear member  424 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  424  circumscribes an inner gear member  422 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  426  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  427  such that each planet gear  427  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  424  and the inner, sun gear member  422  of the first planetary gear set  420 .  
         [0086]     The planetary gear set  430  also employs an outer gear member  434 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  434  circumscribes an inner gear member  432 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  436  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  437  such that each planet gear  437  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  434  and the inner, sun gear member  432  of the planetary gear set  430 .  
         [0087]     The planetary gear set  440  also employs an outer gear member  444 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  444  circumscribes an inner gear member  442 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  446  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  447  such that each planet gear  447  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  444  and the inner, sun gear member  442  of the planetary gear set  440 .  
         [0088]     The input shaft  17  is continuously connected to the carrier member  446 . The output shaft  19  is continuously connected to the ring gear member  424 .  
         [0089]     A first interconnecting member  470  continuously connects the sun gear member  422  with the ring gear member  434 . A second interconnecting member  472  continuously connects the carrier member  426  with the ring gear member  444 . A third interconnecting member  474  continuously connects the sun gear member  432  with the carrier member  446 .  
         [0090]     The preferred embodiment  410  also incorporates first, second and third motor/generators  480 ,  482  and  484 , respectively. The stator of the first motor/generator  480  is secured to the transmission housing  460 . The rotor of the first motor/generator  480  is secured to the ring gear member  424 , and therefore the output member  19 .  
         [0091]     The stator of the second motor/generator  482  is secured to the transmission housing  460 . The rotor of the second motor/generator  482  is secured to the carrier member  436 .  
         [0092]     The stator of the third motor/generator  484  is secured to the transmission housing  460 . The rotor of the third motor/generator  484  is secured to the sun gear member  442 .  
         [0093]     The hybrid transmission  414  receives power from the engine  12 , and also exchanges power with an electric power source  486 , which is operably connected to a controller  488 .  
         [0000]     Description of a Sixth Exemplary Embodiment  
         [0094]     With reference to  FIG. 6 , a powertrain  510  is shown, including an engine  12  connected to another embodiment of the improved electrically variable transmission (EVT), designated generally by the numeral  514 . Transmission  514  is designed to receive at least a portion of its driving power from the engine  12 . As shown, the engine  12  has an output shaft that serves as the input member  17  of the transmission  514 . A transient torque damper (not shown) may also be implemented between the engine  12  and the input member  17  of the transmission.  
         [0095]     In the embodiment depicted the engine  12  may be a fossil fuel engine, such as a gasoline or diesel engine which is readily adapted to provide its available power output typically delivered at a selectable number of revolutions per minute (RPM).  
         [0096]     Irrespective of the means by which the engine  12  is connected to the transmission input member  17 , the transmission input member  17  is operatively connected to a planetary gear set in the transmission  514 . An output member  19  of the transmission  514  is connected to a final drive  16 .  
         [0097]     The transmission  514  utilizes three differential gear sets, preferably in the nature of planetary gear sets  520 ,  530  and  540 . The planetary gear set  520  employs an outer gear member  524 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  524  circumscribes an inner gear member  522 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  526  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  527  such that each planet gear  527  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  524  and the inner, sun gear member  522  of the planetary gear set  520 .  
         [0098]     The planetary gear set  530  also employs an outer gear member  534 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  534  circumscribes an inner gear member  532 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  536  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  537  such that each planet gear  537  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  534  and the inner, sun gear member  532  of the planetary gear set  530 .  
         [0099]     The planetary gear set  540  also employs an outer gear member  544 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  544  circumscribes an inner gear member  542 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  546  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  547 ,  548 . Each planet gear  547  meshingly engages the sun gear member  542  and each planet gear  548  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the ring gear member  544  and the respective planet gear  547 .  
         [0100]     The input shaft  17  is continuously connected to the sun gear member  522 . The output shaft  19  is continuously connected to the carrier member  536 .  
         [0101]     A first interconnecting member  570  continuously connects the sun gear member  522  with the ring gear member  534 . A second interconnecting member  572  continuously connects the ring gear member  524  with the ring gear member  544 . A third interconnecting member  574  continuously connects the sun gear member  532  with the carrier member  546 .  
         [0102]     The preferred embodiment  510  also incorporates first, second and third motor/generators  580 ,  582  and  584 , respectively. The stator of the first motor/generator  580  is secured to the transmission housing  560 . The rotor of the first motor/generator  580  is secured to the carrier member  526 .  
         [0103]     The stator of the second motor/generator  582  is secured to the transmission housing  560 . The rotor of the second motor/generator  582  is secured to the carrier member  546 .  
         [0104]     The stator of the third motor/generator  584  is secured to the transmission housing  560 . The rotor of the third motor/generator  584  is secured to the sun gear member  542 .  
         [0105]     The hybrid transmission  514  receives power from the engine  12 , and also exchanges power with an electric power source  586 , which is operably connected to a controller  588 .  
         [0000]     Description of a Seventh Exemplary Embodiment  
         [0106]     With reference to  FIG. 7 , a powertrain  610  is shown, including an engine  12  connected to another embodiment of the improved electrically variable transmission (EVT), designated generally by the numeral  614 . Transmission  614  is designed to receive at least a portion of its driving power from the engine  12 . As shown, the engine  12  has an output shaft that serves as the input member  17  of the transmission  614 . A transient torque damper (not shown) may also be implemented between the engine  12  and the input member  17  of the transmission.  
         [0107]     In the embodiment depicted the engine  12  may be a fossil fuel engine, such as a gasoline or diesel engine which is readily adapted to provide its available power output typically delivered at a selectable number of revolutions per minute (RPM).  
         [0108]     Irrespective of the means by which the engine  12  is connected to the transmission input member  17 , the transmission input member  17  is operatively connected to a planetary gear set in the transmission  614 . An output member  19  of the transmission  614  is connected to a final drive  16 .  
         [0109]     The transmission  614  utilizes three differential gear sets, preferably in the nature of planetary gear sets  620 ,  630  and  640 . The planetary gear set  620  employs an outer gear member  624 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  624  circumscribes an inner gear member  622 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  626  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  627  such that each planet gear  627  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  624  and the inner, sun gear member  622  of the first planetary gear set  620 .  
         [0110]     The planetary gear set  630  also employs an outer gear member  634 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  634  circumscribes an inner gear member  632 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  636  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  637  such that each planet gear  637  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  634  and the inner, sun gear member  632  of the planetary gear set  630 .  
         [0111]     The planetary gear set  640  also employs an outer gear member  644 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  644  circumscribes an inner gear member  642 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  646  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  647  such that each planet gear  647  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  644  and the inner, sun gear member  642  of the planetary gear set  640 .  
         [0112]     The input shaft  17  is continuously connected to the sun gear member  632 . The output shaft  19  is continuously connected to the carrier member  626 .  
         [0113]     A first interconnecting member  670  continuously connects the ring gear member  624  with the carrier member  636 . A second interconnecting member  672  continuously connects the sun gear member  622  with the ring gear member  644 . A third interconnecting member  674  continuously connects the ring gear member  634  with the carrier member  646 .  
         [0114]     The preferred embodiment  610  also incorporates first, second and third motor/generators  680 ,  682  and  684 , respectively. The stator of the first motor/generator  680  is secured to the transmission housing  660 . The rotor of the first motor/generator  680  is secured to the ring gear member  644  and to the sun gear member  622  via the interconnecting member  672 .  
         [0115]     The stator of the second motor/generator  682  is secured to the transmission housing  660 . The rotor of the second motor/generator  682  is secured to the carrier member  646 .  
         [0116]     The stator of the third motor/generator  684  is secured to the transmission housing  660 . The rotor of the third motor/generator  684  is secured to the sun gear member  642 .  
         [0117]     The hybrid transmission  614  receives power from the engine  12 , and also exchanges power with an electric power source  686 , which is operably connected to a controller  688 .  
         [0000]     Description of an Eighth Exemplary Embodiment  
         [0118]     With reference to  FIG. 8 , a powertrain  710  is shown, including an engine  12  connected to another embodiment of the improved electrically variable transmission (EVT), designated generally by the numeral  714 . Transmission  714  is designed to receive at least a portion of its driving power from the engine  12 . As shown, the engine  12  has an output shaft that serves as the input member  17  of the transmission  714 . A transient torque damper (not shown) may also be implemented between the engine  12  and the input member  17  of the transmission.  
         [0119]     In the embodiment depicted the engine  12  may be a fossil fuel engine, such as a gasoline or diesel engine which is readily adapted to provide its available power output typically delivered at a selectable number of revolutions per minute (RPM).  
         [0120]     Irrespective of the means by which the engine  12  is connected to the transmission input member  17 , the transmission input member  17  is operatively connected to a planetary gear set in the transmission  714 . An output member  19  of the transmission  714  is connected to a final drive  16 .  
         [0121]     The transmission  714  utilizes three differential gear sets, preferably in the nature of planetary gear sets  720 ,  730  and  740 . The planetary gear set  720  employs an outer gear member  724 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  724  circumscribes an inner gear member  722 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  726  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  727  such the each planet gear  727  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  724  and the inner, sun gear member  722  of the planetary gear set  720 .  
         [0122]     The planetary gear set  730  also employs an outer gear member  734 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  734  circumscribes an inner gear member  732 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  736  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  737  such that each planet gear  737  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  734  and the inner, sun gear member  732  of the planetary gear set  730 .  
         [0123]     The planetary gear set  740  also employs an outer gear member  744 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  744  circumscribes an inner gear member  742 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  746  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  747  such that each planet gear  747  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  744  and the inner, sun gear member  742  of the planetary gear set  740 .  
         [0124]     The input shaft  17  is continuously connected to the sun gear member  722 . The output shaft  19  is continuously connected to the carrier member  736 .  
         [0125]     A first interconnecting member  770  continuously connects the sun gear member  722  with the sun gear member  732 . A second interconnecting member  772  continuously connects the ring gear member  724  with the ring gear member  744 . A third interconnecting member  774  continuously connects the ring gear member  734  with the carrier member  746 .  
         [0126]     The preferred embodiment  710  also incorporates first, second and third motor/generators  780 ,  782  and  784 , respectively. The stator of the first motor/generator  780  is secured to the transmission housing  760 . The rotor of the first motor/generator  780  is secured to the carrier member  726 .  
         [0127]     The stator of the second motor/generator  782  is secured to the transmission housing  760 . The rotor of the second motor/generator  782  is secured to the ring gear member  744 .  
         [0128]     The stator of the third motor/generator  784  is secured to the transmission housing  760 . The rotor of the third motor/generator  784  is secured to the sun gear member  742 .  
         [0129]     The hybrid transmission  714  receives power from the engine  12 , and also exchanges power with an electric power source  786 , which is operably connected to a controller  788 .  
         [0000]     Description of a Ninth Exemplary Embodiment  
         [0130]     With reference to  FIG. 9 , a powertrain  810  is shown, including an engine  12  connected to another embodiment of the improved electrically variable transmission (EVT), designated generally by the numeral  814 . Transmission  814  is designed to receive at least a portion of its driving power from the engine  12 . As shown, the engine  12  has an output shaft that serves as the input member  17  of the transmission  814 . A transient torque damper (not shown) may also be implemented between the engine  12  and the input member  17  of the transmission.  
         [0131]     In the embodiment depicted the engine  12  may be a fossil fuel engine, such as a gasoline or diesel engine which is readily adapted to provide its available power output typically delivered at a selectable number of revolutions per minute (RPM).  
         [0132]     Irrespective of the means by which the engine  12  is connected to the transmission input member  17 , the transmission input member  17  is operatively connected to a planetary gear set in the transmission  814 . An output member  19  of the transmission  814  is connected to a final drive  16 .  
         [0133]     The transmission  814  utilizes three differential gear sets, preferably in the nature of planetary gear sets  820 ,  830  and  840 . The planetary gear set  820  employs an outer gear member  824 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  824  circumscribes an inner gear member  822 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  826  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  827  such that each planet gear  827  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  824  and the inner, sun gear member  822  of the planetary gear set  820 .  
         [0134]     The planetary gear set  830  also employs an outer gear member  834 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  834  circumscribes an inner gear member  832 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  836  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  837  such that each planet gear  837  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  834  and the inner, sun gear member  832  of the planetary gear set  830 .  
         [0135]     The planetary gear set  840  also employs an outer gear member  844 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  844  circumscribes an inner gear member  842 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  846  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  847  such that each planet gear  847  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  844  and the inner, sun gear member  842  of the planetary gear set  840 .  
         [0136]     The input shaft  17  is continuously connected to the carrier member  836 . The output shaft  19  is continuously connected to the carrier member  846 .  
         [0137]     A first interconnecting member  870  continuously connects the sun gear member  822  with sun gear member  832 . A second interconnecting member  872  continuously connects the ring gear member  824  with the carrier member  846 . A third interconnecting member  874  continuously connects the ring gear member  834  with the sun gear member  842 .  
         [0138]     The preferred embodiment  810  also incorporates first, second and third motor/generators  880 ,  882  and  884 , respectively. The stator of the first motor/generator  880  is secured to the transmission housing  860 . The rotor of the first motor/generator  880  is secured to the sun gear member  822 .  
         [0139]     The stator of the second motor/generator  882  is secured to the transmission housing  860 . The rotor of the second motor/generator  882  is secured to the carrier member  826 .  
         [0140]     The stator of the third motor/generator  884  is secured to the transmission housing  860 . The rotor of the third motor/generator  884  is secured to the ring gear member  844 .  
         [0141]     The hybrid transmission  814  receives power from the engine  12 , and also exchanges power with an electric power source  886 , which is operably connected to a controller  888 .  
         [0000]     Description of a Tenth Exemplary Embodiment  
         [0142]     With reference to  FIG. 10 , a powertrain  910  is shown, including an engine  12  connected to another embodiment of the improved electrically variable transmission (EVT), designated generally by the numeral  914 . Transmission  914  is designed to receive at least a portion of its driving power from the engine  12 . As shown, the engine  12  has an output shaft that serves as the input member  17  of the transmission  914 . A transient torque damper (not shown) may also be implemented between the engine  12  and the input member  17  of the transmission.  
         [0143]     In the embodiment depicted the engine  12  may be a fossil fuel engine, such as a gasoline or diesel engine which is readily adapted to provide its available power output typically delivered at a selectable number of revolutions per minute (RPM).  
         [0144]     Irrespective of the means by which the engine  12  is connected to the transmission input member  17 , the transmission input member  17  is operatively connected to a planetary gear set in the transmission  914 . An output member  19  of the transmission  914  is connected to a final drive  16 .  
         [0145]     The transmission  914  utilizes three differential gear sets, preferably in the nature of planetary gear sets  920 ,  930  and  940 . The planetary gear set  920  employs an outer gear member  924 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  924  circumscribes an inner gear member  922 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  926  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  927  such that each planet gear  927  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  924  and the inner, sun gear member  922  of the planetary gear set  920 .  
         [0146]     The planetary gear set  930  employs an outer gear member  934 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  934  circumscribes an inner gear member  932 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  936  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  937  such that each planet gear  937  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  934  and the inner, sun gear member  932  of the planetary gear set  930 .  
         [0147]     The planetary gear set  940  employs an outer gear member  944 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  944  circumscribes an inner gear member  942 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  946  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  947  such that each planet gear  947  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  944  and the inner, sun gear member  942  of the planetary gear set  940 .  
         [0148]     The input shaft  17  is continuously connected to the ring gear member  924 . The output shaft  19  is continuously connected to the ring gear member  944 .  
         [0149]     A first interconnecting member  970  continuously connects the sun gear member  922  with the ring gear member  934 . A second interconnecting member  972  continuously connects the carrier member  926  with the carrier member  946 . A third interconnecting member  974  continuously connects the carrier member  936  with the sun gear member  942 .  
         [0150]     The preferred embodiment  910  also incorporates first, second and third motor/generators  980 ,  982  and  984 , respectively. The stator of the first motor/generator  980  is secured to the transmission housing  960 . The rotor of the first motor/generator  980  is secured to the ring gear member  934  and to the sun gear member  922  via the interconnecting member  970 .  
         [0151]     The stator of the second motor/generator  982  is secured to the transmission housing  960 . The rotor of the second motor/generator  982  is secured to the sun gear member  932 .  
         [0152]     The stator of the third motor/generator  984  is secured to the transmission housing  960 . The rotor of the third motor/generator  984  is secured to the carrier member  946 .  
         [0153]     The hybrid transmission  914  receives power from the engine  12 , and also exchanges power with an electric power source  986 , which is operably connected to a controller  988 .  
         [0000]     Description of an Eleventh Exemplary Embodiment  
         [0154]     With reference to  FIG. 11 , a powertrain  1010  is shown, including an engine  12  connected to another embodiment of the improved electrically variable transmission (EVT), designated generally by the numeral  1014 . Transmission  1014  is designed to receive at least a portion of its driving power from the engine  12 . As shown, the engine  12  has an output shaft that serves as the input member  17  of the transmission  1014 . A transient torque damper (not shown) may also be implemented between the engine  12  and the input member  17  of the transmission.  
         [0155]     In the embodiment depicted the engine  12  may be a fossil fuel engine, such as a gasoline or diesel engine which is readily adapted to provide its available power output typically delivered at a selectable number of revolutions per minute (RPM).  
         [0156]     Irrespective of the means by which the engine  12  is connected to the transmission input member  17 , the transmission input member  17  is operatively connected to a planetary gear set in the transmission  1014 . An output member  19  of the transmission  1014  is connected to a final drive  16 .  
         [0157]     The transmission  1014  utilizes three differential gear sets, preferably in the nature of planetary gear sets  1020 ,  1030  and  1040 . The planetary gear set  1020  employs an outer gear member  1024 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  1024  circumscribes an inner gear member  1022 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  1026  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  1027  such that each planet gear  1027  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  1024  and the inner, sun gear member  1022  of the planetary gear set  1020 .  
         [0158]     The planetary gear set  1030  also employs an outer gear member  1034 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  1034  circumscribes an inner gear member  1032 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  1036  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  1037  such that each planet gear  1037  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  1034  and the inner, sun gear member  1032  of the planetary gear set  1030 .  
         [0159]     The planetary gear set  1040  also employs an outer gear member  1044 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  1044  circumscribes an inner gear member  1042 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  1046  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  1047  such that each planet gear  1047  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  1044  and the inner, sun gear member  1042  of the planetary gear set  1040 .  
         [0160]     The input shaft  17  is continuously connected to the carrier member  1026 . The output shaft  19  is continuously connected to the carrier member  1046 .  
         [0161]     A first interconnecting member  1070  continuously connects the carrier member  1026  with the ring gear member  1034 . A second interconnecting member  1072  continuously connects the ring gear member  1024  with the sun gear member  1042 . A third interconnecting member  1074  continuously connects the sun gear member  1032  with the ring gear member  1044 .  
         [0162]     The preferred embodiment  1010  also incorporates first, second and third motor/generators  1080 ,  1082  and  1084 , respectively. The stator of the first motor/generator  1080  is secured to the transmission housing  1060 . The rotor of the first motor/generator  1080  is secured to the sun gear member  1022  via an offset drive  1090 , such as a belt or chain, which may change the speed ratio.  
         [0163]     The stator of the second motor/generator  1082  is secured to the transmission housing  1060 . The rotor of the second motor/generator  1082  is secured to the carrier member  1036 .  
         [0164]     The stator of the third motor/generator  1084  is secured to the transmission housing  1060 . The rotor of the third motor/generator  1084  is secured to the ring gear member  1044  via offset gear  1092 , which may change the speed ratio.  
         [0165]     The hybrid transmission  1014  receives power from the engine  12 , and also exchanges power with an electric power source  1086 , which is operably connected to a controller  1088 .  
         [0000]     Description of a Twelfth Exemplary Embodiment  
         [0166]     With reference to  FIG. 12 , a powertrain  1110  is shown, including an engine  12  connected to another embodiment of the improved electrically variable transmission (EVT), designated generally by the numeral  1114 . Transmission  1114  is designed to receive at least a portion of its driving power from the engine  12 . As shown, the engine  12  has an output shaft that serves as the input member  17  of the transmission  1114 . A transient torque damper (not shown) may also be implemented between the engine  12  and the input member  17  of the transmission.  
         [0167]     In the embodiment depicted the engine  12  may be a fossil fuel engine, such as a gasoline or diesel engine which is readily adapted to provide its available power output typically delivered at a selectable number of revolutions per minute (RPM).  
         [0168]     Irrespective of the means by which the engine  12  is connected to the transmission input member  17 , the transmission input member  17  is operatively connected to a planetary gear set in the transmission  1114 . An output member  19  of the transmission  1114  is connected to a final drive  16 .  
         [0169]     The transmission  1114  utilizes three differential gear sets, preferably in the nature of planetary gear sets  1120 ,  1130  and  1140 . The planetary gear set  1120  employs an outer gear member  1124 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  1124  circumscribes an inner gear member  1122 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  1126  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  1127  such that each planet gear  1127  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  1124  and the inner, sun gear member  1122  of the planetary gear set  1120 .  
         [0170]     The planetary gear set  1130  employs an outer gear member  1134 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  1134  circumscribes an inner gear member  1132 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  1136  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  1137  such that each planet gear  1137  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  1134  and the inner, sun gear member  1132  of the planetary gear set  1130 .  
         [0171]     The planetary gear set  1140  employs an outer gear member  1144 , typically designated as the ring gear. The ring gear member  1144  circumscribes an inner gear member  1142 , typically designated as the sun gear. A carrier member  1146  rotatably supports a plurality of planet gears  1147  such that each planet gear  1147  simultaneously, and meshingly engages both the outer, ring gear member  1144  and the inner, sun gear member  1142  of the planetary gear set  1140 .  
         [0172]     The input shaft  17  is continuously connected to the sun gear member  1122 . The output shaft  19  is continuously connected to the carrier member  1126 .  
         [0173]     A first interconnecting member  1170  continuously connects the carrier member  1126  with the ring gear member  1134 . A second interconnecting member  1172  continuously connects the ring gear member  1124  with the ring gear member  1144 . A third interconnecting member  1174  continuously connects the carrier member  1136  with the carrier member  1146 .  
         [0174]     The preferred embodiment  1110  also incorporates first, second and third motor/generators  1180 ,  1182  and  1184 , respectively. The stator of the first motor/generator  1180  is secured to the transmission housing  1160 . The rotor of the first motor/generator  1180  is secured to the carrier member  1146 .  
         [0175]     The stator of the second motor/generator  1182  is secured to the transmission housing  1160 . The rotor of the second motor/generator  1182  is secured to the sun gear member  1142 .  
         [0176]     The stator of the third motor/generator  1184  is secured to the transmission housing  1160 . The rotor of the third motor/generator  1184  is secured to the sun gear member  1132 .  
         [0177]     The hybrid transmission  1114  receives power from the engine  12 , and also exchanges power with an electric power source  1186 , which is operably connected to a controller  1188 .  
         [0178]     While the best modes for carrying out the invention have been described in detail, those familiar with the art to which this invention relates will recognize various alternative designs and embodiments for practicing the invention within the scope of the appended claims.