Abstract:
A variety of configurations are disclosed for modular tradeshow display systems that can be assembled without the use of tools or other specialized machinery.

Description:
FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY 
       [0001]    The present disclosure relates to tradeshow displays and more specifically to tradeshow displays that can be assembled without tools. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    There remains a need for tradeshow display systems that are portable and easy to assemble/disassemble. The present invention simplifies the assembly of tradeshow display systems and eliminates the need for tools. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    A variety of configurations are disclosed for modular tradeshow display systems that can be assembled without the use of tools or other specialized machinery. 
         [0004]    In one aspect, disclosed herein is a tradeshow display. The tradeshow display may include a first vertical member and a second vertical member each formed of extruded aluminium and secured at a bottom end by a weighted base. The vertical members each include at least one channel extending vertically along the length. In some aspects, the vertical members include multiple sides, for instance four, six or eight sides and each side may have at least one opening. The channel may include a pair of opposing flanges that partially enclose an opening formed by the channel. In some aspects, the opening point may have parallel sides and semi-circular openings. In other aspects, the opening may be formed by the channel has a rounded bottom to urge attachment heads into the channel. The opposing flanges are equally spaced apart throughout the length of the vertical member, except in at least one intermediate location between the bottom end and a top end and nearer to the top end than the bottom end where a space between the pair of opposing flanges widens to form an opening. Each opening on the vertical members will have a corresponding opening at substantially an equal height to the opening on a corresponding vertical member when the vertical members are used on a substantially horizontal surface. The display may further include a display panel supported by a rigid frame. The rigid frame may further include attachment heads extending horizontally from both sides of the rigid frame. Each attachment head includes a head and a shaft. The head has a diameter greater than the channel width as determined by the distance between the opposing flanges and less than the opening between the pair of opposing flanges of the vertical members. The shaft has a diameter less than the first distance between the pair of opposing flanges of the vertical members. In some aspects, the attachment head may be any type of bolt; including a shoulder bolt. In some embodiments, when the attachment heads are positioned in the openings of the corresponding first vertical member and second vertical member and the vertical members are placed on a horizontal surface the panel can be moved downward under gravity to a position where the first attachment head and the second attachment head are secured within the pair of opposing flanges of each of the vertical members. In this embodiment, once positioned the vertical members and the rigid display panel thereby provides a rigid vertical display structure containing the display material. 
         [0005]    In another aspect, the display material used in the tradeshow display may be manufactured from corrugated paper, corrugated plastic, cloth, acrylic, cast acrylic, extruded acrylic, any combination thereof or any other material appropriate for the display. In another aspect, the top of the rigid frame may include an opening to removably replaceably receive the display material. In another aspect, the display material may include two layers, a first layer, which provides a rigid support within the frame and a second layer providing a removable and replaceable graphic for display within the rigid frame. 
         [0006]    In another aspect, the rigid frame that supports the display material may be formed from extruded aluminum members. In another aspect, the display panel can be configured to form a three-dimensional display. In another aspect, the attachment head may include a bolt. In another aspect the opening on the vertical member may have parallel sides and semicircular ends. In another aspect, the opening may be formed by the channel has a rounded bottom to urge the attachment heads into the channel. In another aspect, the vertical members may have a plurality of channels. In another aspect, each vertical member may have a plurality of sides and one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side of the vertical member. In another aspect, the vertical member may be rectangular and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, each vertical member may be hexagonal and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, each vertical member may be octagonal and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, a plurality of rigid frames may be interconnected by a plurality of vertical members and arranged into a three-dimensional display. In another aspect, the plurality of rigid frames may be arranged onto a rectangular footprint. In another aspect, each vertical member will have at least two openings. In a further aspect, a system for tool-free assembly of a multi-part tradeshow display wherein the rigid frame of the display has only two attachment points which are connected to vertical members and is held in place by gravity is disclosed. The system may include a pair of vertical members each with a channel of a first width with retaining flanges of a second width less than the first width. The system may further include a display panel surrounded by a rigid frame and an attachment mechanism consisting of an attachment head on one side of the rigid frame and another attachment head on the second side of the rigid frame. In some embodiments, the attachment heads each have a head with a diameter between the first width and the second width of the channel and a shaft having a diameter less than the second width of the channel. 
         [0007]    In another aspect of the tool-free assembly, the display material used in the tradeshow display may be manufactured from corrugated paper, corrugated plastic, cloth, acrylic, cast acrylic, extruded acrylic, any combination thereof or any other material appropriate for the display. In another aspect, the top of the rigid frame may include an opening to removably replaceably receive the display material. In another aspect, the display material may include two layers, a first layer, which provides a rigid support within the frame and a second layer providing a removable and replaceable graphic for display within the rigid frame. In another aspect, the rigid frame that supports the display material may be formed from extruded aluminum members. In another aspect, the display panel can be configured to form a three-dimensional display. In another aspect, the attachment head may include a bolt. In another aspect the opening on the vertical member may have parallel sides and semicircular ends. In another aspect, the opening may be formed by the channel has a rounded bottom to urge the attachment heads into the channel. In another aspect, the vertical members may have a plurality of channels. In another aspect, each vertical member may have a plurality of sides and one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side of the vertical member. In another aspect, the vertical member may be rectangular and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, each vertical member may be hexagonal and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, each vertical member may be octagonal and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, a plurality of rigid frames may be interconnected by a plurality of vertical members and arranged into a three-dimensional display. In another aspect, the plurality of rigid frames may be arranged onto a rectangular footprint. In another aspect, each vertical member will have at least two openings. 
         [0008]    In a further aspect, the invention may be a system for tool-free assembly of a multi-part tradeshow display, which permits rotation of the display about the connection points. The system may include a pair of vertical members each having a weighted base and a vertical channel with a retaining flange and a display surrounded by a rigid frame. The rigid frame may include a pair of attachment heads retained at a pair of connection points, a left connection point and a right connection point, within the vertical channels of the vertical members by the retaining flanges. 
         [0009]    In another aspect of the tool-free assembly, the display material used in the tradeshow display may be manufactured from corrugated paper, corrugated plastic, cloth, acrylic, cast acrylic, extruded acrylic, any combination thereof or any other material appropriate for the display. In another aspect, the top of the rigid frame may include an opening to removably replaceably receive the display material. In another aspect, the display material may include two layers, a first layer, which provides a rigid support within the frame and a second layer providing a removable and replaceable graphic for display within the rigid frame. In another aspect, the rigid frame that supports the display material may be formed from extruded aluminum members. In another aspect, the display panel can be configured to form a three-dimensional display. In another aspect, the attachment head may include a bolt. In another aspect the opening on the vertical member may have parallel sides and semicircular ends. In another aspect, the opening may be formed by the channel has a rounded bottom to urge the attachment heads into the channel. In another aspect, the vertical members may have a plurality of channels. In another aspect, each vertical member may have a plurality of sides and one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side of the vertical member. In another aspect, the vertical member may be rectangular and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, each vertical member may be hexagonal and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, each vertical member may be octagonal and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, a plurality of rigid frames may be interconnected by a plurality of vertical members and arranged into a three-dimensional display. In another aspect, the plurality of rigid frames may be arranged onto a rectangular footprint. In another aspect, each vertical member will have at least two openings. 
         [0010]    In a further aspect, the apparatus may be a system for tool-free assembly of a multi-part tradeshow display where the assembled tradeshow display achieves structural stability using its own weight. The system may include a pair of vertical members each having a weighted base and a vertical channel with a retaining flange and a point where the retaining flanges widen to receive an object into the vertical channel, a display surrounded by a rigid frame, and a pair of attachment heads on a left side and a right side of the rigid frame. The attachment points are retained at a respective pair of connection points within the vertical channels of the vertical members away from the insertion point by the retaining flanges when the pair of vertical members and the display are positioned for use on a substantially horizontal surface. The attachment heads permit rotation about the connection points and the retaining flanges limit translational movement of the connection points to a path along the vertical channel and the pair of attachment heads are positioned on a top half of the rigid frame and the insertion point is at a different height than the pair of attachment heads when the pair of vertical members and the display are positioned for use. The rigid frame is retained from downward movement by the substantially horizontal surface and retained in a vertical orientation by the vertical channels and the retaining flanges of the pair of vertical members. 
         [0011]    In another aspect of the tool-free assembly, the display material used in the tradeshow display may be manufactured from corrugated paper, corrugated plastic, cloth, acrylic, cast acrylic, extruded acrylic, any combination thereof or any other material appropriate for the display. In another aspect, the top of the rigid frame may include an opening to removably replaceably receive the display material. In another aspect, the display material may include two layers, a first layer, which provides a rigid support within the frame and a second layer providing a removable and replaceable graphic for display within the rigid frame. In another aspect, the rigid frame that supports the display material may be formed from extruded aluminum members. In another aspect, the display panel can be configured to form a three-dimensional display. In another aspect, the attachment head may include a bolt. In another aspect the opening on the vertical member may have parallel sides and semicircular ends. In another aspect, the opening may be formed by the channel has a rounded bottom to urge the attachment heads into the channel. In another aspect, the vertical members may have a plurality of channels. In another aspect, each vertical member may have a plurality of sides and one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side of the vertical member. In another aspect, the vertical member may be rectangular and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, each vertical member may be hexagonal and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, each vertical member may be octagonal and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, a plurality of rigid frames may be interconnected by a plurality of vertical members and arranged into a three-dimensional display. In another aspect, the plurality of rigid frames may be arranged onto a rectangular footprint. In another aspect, each vertical member will have at least two openings. 
         [0012]    In a further aspect, the apparatus may be a system for tool-free assembly of a multi-part tradeshow display with a pair of vertical members each having a weighted base and a vertical channel with a retaining flange and at least one insertion point with an opening where the retaining flanges widen to receive an object into the vertical channel. The assembly further includes a display surrounded by a rigid frame. The assembly further includes a pair of attachment heads on a left side and a right side of the rigid frame, the pair of attachment points retained at a respective pair of connection points within the vertical channels of the vertical members away from the insertion point by the retaining flanges when the pair of vertical members and the display are positioned for use on a substantially horizontal surface. Wherein the attachment heads permit rotation about the connection points and the retaining flanges limit translational movement of the connection points to a path along the vertical channel, and wherein the pair of attachment heads are positioned on a top half of the rigid frame and each insertion point is at a different height than the pair of attachment heads when the pair of vertical members and the display are positioned for use, whereby the rigid frame is retained from downward movement by the substantially horizontal surface and retained in a vertical orientation by the vertical channels and the retaining flanges of the pair of vertical members. 
         [0013]    In another aspect of the tool-free assembly, the display material used in the tradeshow display may be manufactured from corrugated paper, corrugated plastic, cloth, acrylic, cast acrylic, extruded acrylic, any combination thereof or any other material appropriate for the display. In another aspect, the top of the rigid frame may include an opening to removably replaceably receive the display material. In another aspect, the display material may include two layers, a first layer, which provides a rigid support within the frame and a second layer providing a removable and replaceable graphic for display within the rigid frame. In another aspect, the rigid frame that supports the display material may be formed from extruded aluminum members. In another aspect, the display panel can be configured to form a three-dimensional display. In another aspect, the attachment head may include a bolt. In another aspect the opening on the vertical member may have parallel sides and semicircular ends. In another aspect, the opening may be formed by the channel has a rounded bottom to urge the attachment heads into the channel. In another aspect, the vertical members may have a plurality of channels. In another aspect, each vertical member may have a plurality of sides and one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side of the vertical member. In another aspect, the vertical member may be rectangular and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, each vertical member may be hexagonal and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, each vertical member may be octagonal and have one channel and at least one opening corresponding to each side. In another aspect, a plurality of rigid frames may be interconnected by a plurality of vertical members and arranged into a three-dimensional display. In another aspect, the plurality of rigid frames may be arranged onto a rectangular footprint. In another aspect, each vertical member will have at least two openings. 
     
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0014]    The foregoing and other objects and advantages of the invention will be appreciated more fully from the following further description thereof, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, with emphasis instead being on the inventive aspects of this disclosure. In the following drawings, like numbers are used to refer to like elements: 
           [0015]      FIG. 1  depicts a fully assembled tradeshow display with the display panel fully expanded and joined with the vertical members; 
           [0016]      FIG. 2  depicts a base plate for the tradeshow display; 
           [0017]      FIG. 3  is an exploded view of portions of a trade show display; 
           [0018]      FIG. 4A  depicts the opening in the flange of a vertical member; 
           [0019]      FIG. 4B  depicts one possible cross section of the vertical member; 
           [0020]      FIG. 4C  depicts an attachment connected to the vertical member; 
           [0021]      FIG. 5  depicts a tradeshow display  500  with a partially expanded folding display panel; 
           [0022]      FIG. 6  depicts a partially assembled tradeshow display with the display panel fully expanded; 
           [0023]      FIG. 7  depicts a partially assembled tradeshow display with the display panel partially expanded and joined with the vertical members; 
           [0024]      FIG. 8A  depicts a middle frame assembly  800  of a display panel; 
           [0025]      FIG. 8B  depicts a top view cross section of a middle display panel; 
           [0026]      FIG. 8C  is a perspective view of a top cap for a display panel; 
           [0027]      FIG. 9A  is a perspective view of a rotating hinge; 
           [0028]      FIG. 9B  is a perspective view of a rotating hinge; 
           [0029]      FIGS. 10A-10C  depict a left side frame assembly of the display panel; and 
           [0030]      FIG. 11  depicts a display side panel. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0031]    To provide an overall understanding of the invention, certain illustrative embodiments will now be described, including tradeshow displays with various tools-free assembly mechanisms. However, it will be understood that the methods and systems described herein can be suitably adapted to any tradeshow display or other context where temporary and/or portable display systems might be usefully deployed. These and other applications of the systems described herein are intended to fall within the scope of the invention. 
         [0032]      FIG. 1  depicts a fully assembled tradeshow display  100  with the display panel  102  fully expanded and attached to vertical members  104 . The display panel  102  may be placed within a frame  106 . In one embodiment, the tradeshow display  100  further includes side panels  108 . The side panels  108  are also joined to the vertical members  104 . The vertical members  104  are assembled on a base assembly  110 . As shown in this embodiment, the display panel  102  may be comprised of two side panels  112  and one center panel  114 . In other embodiments, multiple center panels  114  may be used to either expand the width of the tradeshow display  100  or create a perception of depth by the use of rotating hinges  804  (described in greater detail in  FIGS. 8A-8C ) to angle the display panels  102 . 
         [0033]    Each panel  108 ,  112 ,  114  may include any suitable graphics for an intended use such as company logos, contextual photographs, drawings, informational materials, artwork, and so forth. The graphics may be painted or printed on to the panels  108 ,  112 ,  114 , or applied as a laminate with adhesive. In other embodiments, the graphics may be provided as a separate sheet of plastic or other material that can slide into the frame  106  between the vertical members  104  so that each graphic can be readily removed and replaced to afford re-use of the tradeshow display  100  for different vendors, or for the same vendor in different contexts. As described in greater detail below, each panel frame may include an open slot in a top thereof to removably and replaceably receive display materials 
         [0034]      FIG. 2  depicts a base assembly  200  for the tradeshow display. The base assembly  200  may include at least two base plates  202 . The base plates  202  may be sufficiently weighted to support a vertical member (not shown in this view). Each base plate  202  may further include a peg  204  fixed to the base plate  202 . The peg  204  may be a simple peg inserted into a corresponding hole in a vertical member  104  and may be of sufficient length to attach and prevent the vertical member  104  from slipping out. In other embodiments, the peg  204  may be formed to correspond with channels and flanges (not shown in this view) formed in the vertical member  104 . 
         [0035]    Further, the base assembly  200  may include a template  206  that aligns the base plates  202  at predetermined locations in order to simplify the assembly of the tradeshow display. In some embodiments, the template  206  may form a portion of the tradeshow display, and may include carpeting, hardwood or simulated hardwood panels, rubber flooring, a mat of any suitable material, or any other flooring material or the like for the display. In another aspect, the template may be a removable template printed on paper, plastic, or any other thing material that can be rolled or folded for delivery, and removed once the bases plates  202  have been positioned. The template  206  may include cut-outs shaped and sized to receive the base plates  202  in appropriate positions in order to afford easy removal of the template  206  after assembly of the display. In another aspect, the template  206  may include graphics or a color pattern corresponding to the display panels and/or an intended use of the tradeshow display. 
         [0036]      FIG. 3  is an exploded view of portions of a trade show display  300 . In this view, the vertical members  302  are installed on the pegs, as discussed above. The vertical members  302  are placed on the pegs by sliding the pegs into the channel (the channel is described in more detail in  FIG. 4A ). In some embodiments, the vertical member  302  may be fixed to the peg by a spring loaded detent and a corresponding receiver for the detent in the vertical member  302  or the vertical member  302  may be fixed to the peg by a pin or other insert. In other embodiments, the vertical member  302  may be fixed to the peg simply by the weight of the vertical member  302 . Similarly, any latching or attachment mechanism using, e.g., knobs, levers, sliders, or the like may be suitably employed. Once the vertical members  302  are fixed on the pegs the side panels  304  and the display panel  306  can be mounted to the vertical members  302 . The display panel  306  is shown folded closed in a condition for shipping, and may unfold as described below in further detail to span the two rear vertical members  302  in  FIG. 3 . 
         [0037]    It will be noted that the depicted tradeshow display has taller vertical members  302  in the rear thereof, thus providing a full-height back wall and lower side walls consistent with a typical tradeshow booth. However, these heights are optional, and any suitable height may be used including, e.g., full-height sidewalls for a more private enclosure, or a lower-height back wall to permit display of a product or other items behind the back wall. More generally, any arrangement and selection of heights suitable for an intended design may be accommodated with the techniques described herein. 
         [0038]      FIG. 4A  depicts an opening  402  in the flanges  404  of a vertical member  400 . In some embodiments, an attachment head (one embodiment shown in  FIG. 4C ) may be placed within the opening  402  and moved downward under gravity to a position where the attachment head is secured between the flanges  404 . The opening  402  may be formed between a pair of opposing flanges  404 ,  405 . The flanges  404 ,  405  may generally be a uniform distance from each other along the length of the vertical member  400 . This distance may be sufficient to allow the attachment mechanism such as an attachment head to slide freely along the axis of the vertical member  400  (that is the axis along the length of the vertical member  400 , which would be a vertical axis when the vertical member  400  is oriented in its upright, vertical position during use), yet sufficiently narrow so that the head of the attachment mechanism is retained within the vertical member  400  by the opposing flanges  404 ,  405 . At a predetermined location, the distance between the flanges  404 ,  405  may increase to a sufficient distance to allow the head of the attachment mechanism to be either inserted into or removed from the channel along the vertical member  400 . 
         [0039]    In other embodiments, the opening  402  may be wide enough to allow the head of the attachment mechanism to be inserted into the channel, but then narrows such that the width of the attachment mechanism body is wider than the distance between flanges  404 ,  405  and prevent the attachment head from sliding further down. That is, the flanges  404 ,  405  may collapse sufficiently close to one another (or connect to one another to fully enclose the channel) moving along the vertical axis of the vertical member  400  to limit or prevent movement of the attachment mechanism beyond a predetermined axial position. 
         [0040]    It will further be appreciated that while the opening is shown as having a generally oval shape, a variety of other shapes may also or instead be used. For example, the opening may be generally circular, or may have a wedge or triangular shape that urges the attachment mechanism into a centered position in the channel as the attachment mechanism slides within the channel and axially along the vertical member  400 . In other embodiments, the opening  402  may form an “L” or inverted “7” shape so that the attachment mechanism, once secured to the vertical member cannot be moved directly upward, but must instead be moved horizontally to align with the vertical portion of the opening, after which the attachment mechanism can be moved vertically toward the portion of the opening  402  that permits the attachment mechanism to disengage from the vertical member  400 . 
         [0041]      FIG. 4B  depicts one possible cross section of a vertical member  400 . Many possible cross section of vertical member  400  may be used to create tradeshow displays with different angles and other features. As depicted, each side of the vertical member  400  includes a channel  401  bounded by a pair of flanges  404 ,  405  that can slidably retain an attachment head therein. The interior of the vertical member  400  may be shaped and sized to receive a post  410  or other supporting member of a base as described above. The vertical member  400  can be formed in a variety of shapes. The shape of the vertical member  400  can be determined by the required setup of the tradeshow display. Trade show displays may be needed to fit a particular space at a show. Typically, the spaces at a show are rectangular and a square vertical member  400  may be provided with functional surfaces in a square or rectangular arrangement (as depicted in  FIG. 4B ) to accommodate this rectangular geometry. However, in other circumstances the space may be of an alternate shape, or a different shape of the display may be desired. For example, a space may be circular on at least one side and the display will have to closely conform to that space. In this instance, the vertical members might be shaped to have more sides than a rectangle. Potential shapes for the vertical member  400  might include a hexagon or an octagon, which afford more angles at which to join panels of the display. Similarly, a free standing sign within a display or otherwise positioned on a display floor, may be suitable formed using panels Other potential shapes can be usefully created by mixing and matching vertical members having different cross sectional shapes in order to create patterns and shapes to conform a tradeshow space or to create display that can convey the message desired by the entity using the display. 
         [0042]    The vertical members may be manufactured through a variety of methods, including extrusion. Extrusion may generally be any process of shaping a material by forcing the material though a die with a predetermined cross section. The extrusion process can be done using either hot or cold materials. The extrusion process allows for the formation of complex cross sections including the cross section shown in  FIG. 4B , octagons, hexagons, or any other shape. The shape will be determined by the desired application. Further, the extrusion process allows for the use of a variety of materials including metals, ceramics, plastics and many more. The material selected will depend on the application. Metals, including aluminium, may be used for applications that require a certain amount of shear strength, while other material such as plastics may be used for weight and/or cost saving which would allow for lower shipping costs where the strength of extruded aluminium is not required. Further, the extrusion process allows for vertical members that can be of any length necessary. As seen in  FIG. 1 , the vertical members  104  may be of a variety of lengths. The length, in addition to the shape, will allow for tradeshow displays of a variety of complexities from a simple rectangle with a flat background to complex shapes with a variety of heights, which could create complex three-dimensional shapes according to a desired design and layout. 
         [0043]      FIG. 4C  depicts an attachment mechanism  406  connected to the vertical member  400 . The attachment mechanism  406  may be threaded into the frame  408  of either a display panel, the frame  408  having been tapped and threaded to receive the attachment mechanism  406 , a side panel, or any other panel to be connected to a vertical member  400 . The attachment mechanism  406  may also or instead be threaded into a captive nut or the like retained within the frame  408 . 
         [0044]    The head  410  of the attachment mechanism  406  (also referred to herein as an attachment head  410 ) may be slipped into the opening (discussed in  FIG. 4A ) of the flange  404  of the vertical member  400 . In this embodiment, the head  410  is held in place by the narrowing of the flange  404 , which is narrower than the shoulder  412  of the attachment  406  at every point except at an opening. 
         [0045]    The attachment mechanism  406  may be either permanently or removably attached to the frame  408 . It should be noted that any type of bolt, or more generally any metal or other suitably strong and suitable shaped insert, may be used. In one aspect, this may be conveniently achieved with convention hardware such as a shoulder bolt having three parts. The first is the head, which is slid into the opening of the flange and prevents the display from moving laterally with respect to the display frame. The second is the shoulder, which is narrower than the opening of the flange but wider than every other point of the flange and once in place prevents the display from moving vertically with respect to the vertical member. The shoulder also assists in the assembly of the tradeshow display by determining the amount of the bolt that will be exposed beyond frame without having to measure the exposed length. The third is the thread, which is used to attach the bolt to a hole that has been tapped and threaded in the frame. It will be noted that where a bolt is threaded to a display panel, this is preferably performed prior to shipping of the parts of the display to a venue if tools-free assembly at the venue is desired. 
         [0046]    The shape of the attachment mechanism may usefully permit rotation of the frame when joined to one or more vertical members. This allows the display to rotate about the connection point in order to angle the display as required by the final specifications of the trade show display. Thus in one aspect, the connection point is constrained to movement in two ways—first by sliding along the axis of the vertical member, and second by rotation about the connection point. In this manner, the panel may be conveniently handled and maneuvered during intermediate assembly steps, such as by permitting gripping by the sides while retained within the channel of a vertical member at the connection point. 
         [0047]    In one aspect, one or more of the panels may be directly and permanently secured (i.e., secured against disassembly with bolts, adhesives or any other joining mechanisms) to one or more of the vertical members. This arrangement into a two-dimensional panel with vertical members attached thereto may nonetheless be conveniently stacked with other components for storage or shipping, and may usefully reduce assembly time by providing a tradeshow display that arrives at a venue partially assembled. In another aspect, one or more panels may be conveniently assembled to one or more vertical members without use of openings into retaining channels. That is, during assembly one or more of the attachment heads may be slid into one or more vertical member from an open end of the vertical member. Thus various embodiments may use different numbers of openings according to an intended assembly plan, all without departing from the scope of this disclosure. 
         [0048]      FIG. 5  depicts a tradeshow display  500  with a partially expanded folding display panel  502 . A rigid frame  504  surrounds the display panel  502 . The display panel  502  may be a single-piece panel or hinged multi-pieced panels. Each display panel  502  of the tradeshow display  100  may be made of corrugated cardboard, corrugated plastic, cast acrylic, extruded acrylic, rolled laminate, other plastic(s), cloth, canvas, or any other material or combination of materials that may be fashioned into sheets and retained within the frame  504 . In the embodiment shown, the display panel  502  may be slid into the frame  504 , which is then attached to vertical members  506  by attachments  508  and held in place by gravity. 
         [0049]    In one aspect, the rear vertical members  506  may each include an opening for side panels (not shown) of the display as described above, while the front vertical members  506  may omit a machined or otherwise formed opening. Instead, the attachment for the side panels may be inserted directly into an open top of the channel in the forward vertical members  506  during assembly. While not shown, it will further be understood that a cap or other aesthetic feature may be placed into or over the open top surface of each vertical member  506  as desired. 
         [0050]      FIG. 6  depicts a partially assembled tradeshow display  600  with the display panel  602  fully expanded. The display panel  602  supported by the frame  604  may be attached to the vertical members  605  by use of attachment mechanisms  606  such as those described above. An attachment mechanism  606  may extend horizontally from both sides of the frame  604 . Each attachment mechanism  606  may have a body that has a narrower diameter than the diameter of the head of the attachment mechanism  606 . For example, the attachment mechanism  606  may be a bolt. The head of the attachment mechanism  606  can be inserted into an opening  608  and slid down a channel  610 . An opening  608  is located at an intermediate point along channel  610 . Further, multiple openings  608  may be located along the channel  610 , in order to provide for the attachment of multiple bolts. Similarly, side panels  612  are attached at both ends to the vertical members  605  using corresponding attachment mechanism  606  and opening  608 . The openings  608  may be located near the same height as a corresponding attachment head of one of the panels when the vertical member and panel are placed on a horizontal surface and positioned for use (e.g., upright or vertical). In this context, the opening  608  may be somewhat higher or lower than the height of the corresponding attachment head so that the panel may be raised and, after the attachment head is inserted into the opening, lowered to a floor or other supporting surface. Conversely, the opening may be somewhat higher than the attachment head, in which case the panel may be tilted (to lower the attachment head) and, once the attachment head is inserted, straightened upright as the attachment head slides in the channel of the vertical member to a location where the attachment head is retained within the channel by the flanges of the vertical member as described above. 
         [0051]    In some embodiments, the display panel  602 , the side panel  612 , and any other panels that may be used in the final display configuration chosen by the user will hang from the attachment mechanism  606  by means of gravity, such as where the flanges join together to form a bottom support for the sliding attachment head. In other embodiments, the panel(s) may slide downward until a bottom edge of the panel touches a floor or other supporting surface. In either case, a panel may be coupled to a vertical member in a manner pivotally connected to and slidably engaged within a channel, in which position the panel is retained under gravitational forces without use of tools or other couplings. In other embodiments, multiple attachment mechanisms  606  may be used to secure the panels. In other embodiments, a peg attached to the vertical member  605  may be used to prevent the display panel  602  and the side panel  612  from swinging. Similarly, weights or other supports may be used on a bottom of each panel to prevent swinging or other displacement. 
         [0052]    Numerous variations to this basic coupling technique are possible. In one aspect, one or more of the vertical members may not include any openings in the flanges, such as where panel assemblies are loaded from a top of bottom of the vertical member(s). In another aspect, a vertical member may include more than one opening, such as where a panel assembly has two or more attachment heads on each side, or where the vertical member is designed for different panels of different heights. In another aspect, each panel may consist of a single attachment head on each of two opposing sides, or each panel may consist of a pair of attachments heads on each of two opposing sides. More generally, numerous variations are possible to the techniques described herein, and all such variations are intended to fall within the scope of this disclosure. 
         [0053]      FIG. 7  depicts a partially partial assembled tradeshow display  700  with a folding display panel  704  fully expanded and joined with the vertical members  706 . Further, it shows the side panels  708  with one end  730  attached to the same vertical member  706  as the folding display panel  704 . The other end  732  of the side panel  708  is about to be lowered and inserted into a channel  715  in a corresponding vertical member  706  wherein the attachment mechanism  716  can be lowered and secured into the channel  715  of the vertical member  706 . 
         [0054]      FIG. 8A  depicts a middle frame assembly  800  of a display panel. The middle frame  800  may include a top cap  802 , at least one rotating hinge  804  (discussed in more detail in  FIG. 8B ) and a display panel  808 . The rotating hinges  804  may be secured to either side of the display panel  808 . In the embodiment shown, the edges of a display panel  808  slide into a groove  803  ( FIG. 8B ) formed on an inside of each rotating hinge  804 . 
         [0055]      FIG. 8B  depicts a top view cross section of a middle display panel including rotating hinges  804 . Each rotating hinge  804  allows adjacent display panels to be secured to one another while permitting the panels to rotate through a range of relative angles to one another. This may be used, for example, to accommodate angled arrangements of displays, or for folding of displays for shipping, storage, and the like. 
         [0056]      FIG. 8C  is a perspective view of a top cap  802  for a display panel. The top cap  802  may include a slot  805  or other opening through which the display panel  808  can be removably and replaceably inserted into the frame assembly  800 . The display panel  808  may be supported within the assembly by gravity, or the display panel  808  may be secured within the assembly by the means of fasteners, such as screws, bolts or adhesives. In another aspect, the top cap  802  may not include any opening, and may be secured on the top of the display panel  808  after the display panel  808  is inserted into the grooves  803  of the rotating hinges  804 . 
         [0057]      FIG. 9A  is a perspective view of a rotating hinge  804 . The rotating hinge  804  may be formed with multiple grooves  910  at a predetermined points along a predetermined radius around a center point  912 , which general shape may be formed in an extrusion or using any other suitable fabrication technique. By placing the grooves at a predetermined radius, the opposing sides of the hinge form a rolling contact joint that can be secured using a fastener spanning the corresponding center points  912 . Thus it is possible to keep the center point  912  of two corresponding rotating hinges  804  at a constant distance regardless of the angle at which they are placed. It will be appreciated that the radius may also or instead be varied so that, for example, the rotating hinge  804  provides increasing resistance to angulation as the relative angle of two joined panels increases. It will be appreciated that the term “rotating hinge” as used herein may refer to one half of such a hinge—that is, the mechanical configuration of a panel edge that permits joined rotation—or to an assembled pair of such halves. It will further be appreciated that, while the rotating hinge described herein can be readily and conveniently fabricated by extrusion, other hinges are known in the art and may be suitably adapted to rotatably join display panels as contemplated herein. 
         [0058]      FIG. 9B  is a perspective view of a rotating hinge. As depicted in  FIG. 9B , with a fixed relationship between centers, the two sides of the rotating hinge may be secured with a fastener  913  including two pins  914  and a bracket  916  that secures the pins within the extruded cross section of each side. With this arrangement, the opposing sides can also be maintained at a fixed distance relative to one another. It will be understood that more than one fastener  913  may be used to secure the two sides of the hinge, such as with a number of such fasteners and pins along the length of adjacent panels. In this manner, the panels may be hingeably and rotatably coupled to one another. 
         [0059]    In addition, any suitable locking mechanism may be provided to secure a hinge at a desired angle. For example, a u-bracket or the like may be dropped over a top of the adjacent panels at the hinge in order to maintain two hingeably-coupled panels in a planar orientation, e.g., after unfolding for use, or in any other desired relative orientation. Similarly, a rod or the like may be inserted through a rigid top member of two adjacent panels to secure the desired relative orientation. More generally, any additional hardware, such as tools-free hardware, may be used to position hinged panels relative to one another for use in a tradeshow display. 
         [0060]      FIGS. 10A-10C  depict a left side frame assembly  1000  of the display panel. It will be understood that the right side frame assembly may in general be the mirror image of the left side frame assembly  1000 . In some embodiments, a side frame assembly  1000  consists of an end frame  1020 , which is attached to the vertical member by attachment mechanism  1022  (as discussed above), a display panel  1008 , and a rotating hinge  1004 . This embodiment allows for the side frame assembly to remain fixed with respect to the vertical member (e.g., on the left side of  FIG. 10B ) while allowing for a rotatable orientation with respect to an adjacent panel joined to the frame assembly  1000  on an opposing side (e.g., on the right side of  FIG. 10B ). The side frame assembly top cap  1024  may have either two rounded ends like the middle frame top cap  802  or a rounded end  1026  and a square end  1028 . It will further be understood that a right side frame assembly may be provided having complementary features to join to a vertical member on its right side. The top cap  1024  may optionally include a slot to permit removal and replacement of display materials in the frame assembly  1000 . 
         [0061]      FIG. 11  depicts a display side panel  1100 . The display side panel  1100  may be assembled with either rotating hinges or fixed side rails  1102  (as shown). The sided panel  1100  may be connected to vertical members by one attachment mechanism  1104  (as discussed above with respect to the display panels) or with two attachment mechanisms  1104  per end (as shown). It will be understood that the display panels may also be attached using multiple attachment mechanisms per end. The side rail top caps  1106  may cover discrete sections of the side panel  1100  (as discussed above with respect to the display panels) or may run the length of the side panel (as shown). It will be understood that the display panels may also have top caps that run the entire length of the display panel, that is, across multiple separate panels with or without intervening vertical members. In addition, each top cap may have a slot as described above so that graphics panels or the like can be removably and replaceably inserted into the rigid frame of a panel in order to change or update graphics for a tradeshow display. 
         [0062]    In some embodiments, the entire tradeshow display may be disassembled and all the panels and hardware associated may be laid flat and placed in a box for ease of shipment and storage. 
         [0063]    While various embodiments have been disclosed, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more embodiments and implementations are possible within the scope of the claims. Accordingly, the present application is not to be restricted except in light of the attached claims and their equivalents.