Abstract:
An opening device comprising a removable membrane ( 11 ) connected to a pulling device ( 12 ). The pulling device ( 12 ) is connected to the membrane ( 11 ) at its opposed ends ( 13, 14 ) so as to define a pull ring. Weakening arrangements ( 15, 16 ) are provided at said opposed ends to initiate the tearing off of the membrane.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    The present invention relates to an opening device of the type defined in the preamble of claim 1.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    Today, for milk, juice and other beverages, there exists a number of types and sizes of consumer packages, e.g. Parallel epidemic packages of laminated paper/plastic, blow moulded bottles or cups made solely of plastic and different kinds of containers made of glass, sheet metal or aluminium. A number of these different kinds of packages comprise some kind of opening device in order to facilitate the access of the consumer to the contents of the package either for pouring into a drinking-vessel or for consumption directly from the package. In case of packages formed as bottles, a common solution is some kind of screw cap, while packages formed from plastic or laminated paper/plastic often comprise a simple tear notch or a pre-made pouring opening covered by a strip adapted to be torn off, a so-called pull-tab. Separately made opening devices of thermoplastic material, e.g. injection moulded opening devices with a pouring edge or a short neck and a snap or screw cap are also known. This kind of opening devices can also be injection moulded in situ, i.e. around an opening punched from the packaging material such that this opening is closed until the consumer opens the opening device. Injection moulded opening devices can of course also be of different size and even cover a complete upper surface of a packaging container, whereby they also serve as a side panel of the packaging container.  
           [0003]    Especially in case of the above mentioned injection moulded opening devices is it common to seal the pouring opening with some kind of membrane that can be torn off, which membrane on one hand guarantees that the opening device is completely tight before it is opened, and on the other hand indicates that the package has not been opened before (tamper proof). The membrane is often also utilised in case of the kind of opening devices that have a screw or snap cap for the reclosure. In order to make the removal of the membrane possible, the membrane is of the provided with some kind of grip or pull device, which makes is possible for the consumer to get a firm grip in order to especially promote the initiation of the opening. Even in cases where the membrane is demarcated from the surrounding opening device or surrounding portions of the package, the initiation of the tearing can in some cases cause difficulties, since the weakening line in spite of its obvious weakening purpose is not allowed to weaken the material in such an extent that ruptures and leakage occurs, Earlier attempts to eliminate this difficulty at the initiation of the tearing has in substance been directed towards minimising the necessary force by making sure that the weakening line has a minimal remaining material thickness, but since the manufacturing tolerances are comparatively large a relatively large material thickness must be present in order to secure that leakages do not occur. Other possibilities to facilitate the initiation of the tearing is of course to provide the grip device with a sturdy pull ring or equivalent grip that makes it possible for the consumer to apply a large pulling force on the membrane at the initiation of the tearing.  
           [0004]    Thus, it is a common desire to provide an opening device of the above-mentioned kind, by which the initiation of the tearing of the membrane is facilitated without the occurrence of any of the above-mentioned drawbacks.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0005]    One object with the invention is therefore to provide an opening device of the above mentioned kind, which opening device is designed such that the necessary pulling force to initiate the tearing off of the membrane is facilitated without an increase of the risk for unintentional leakages.  
           [0006]    Another object with the invention is to provide an opening device by which the membrane is easy to remove independent upon the direction in which the pulling force is applied.  
           [0007]    Yet another object with the invention is to provide an opening device by which the risk that the pulling device will break during the tearing off of the membrane, especially during the initiation of the tearing off, is minimised.  
           [0008]    Above mentioned and other objects have in accordance with the invention been achieved in that an opening device of the kind mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 has been given the characterising features as defined in the appended claims. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0009]    Below, preferred embodiments of an opening device according to the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the appended drawings. These drawings only show details that are of importance in order to understand the invention.  
         [0010]    [0010]FIG. 1 shows in perspective a first embodiment of an opening device in accordance with the present invention.  
         [0011]    [0011]FIG. 2 shows in perspective the embodiment of FIG. 1, by which the tearing off of the membrane has been initiated.  
         [0012]    [0012]FIG. 3 shows in perspective a second embodiment of an opening device in accordance with the present invention.  
         [0013]    [0013]FIG. 4 shows a cross section of the embodiment of FIG. 3.  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 5 shows the embodiment of FIG. 3 as seen from directly below. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0015]    The preferred embodiments of an opening device in accordance with the invention is shown in the figures in its most simple form, i.e. only details that are of importance in order to understand the invention are presented. It is however contemplated that the opening device in accordance with the invention can be integrated with different kinds opening devices known as such. Thus, the presented embodiments of the invention can e.g. be combined with different kinds of pouring edges, tubular neck portions and different kinds of outer caps, such as screw caps or snap on caps. The inventive opening device can also be placed on different side surfaces on an as such known packaging container or make up a portion of a large or small end surface of a arbitrary packaging container. The placement of the inventive opening device on the packaging container or any surrounding elements such as pouring edges, outer caps or similar, does not influence the operation of the opening device and will therefore not be described in detail in this context.  
         [0016]    It is beneficial to use the invention in case of the kind of opening devices that make up a portion of an injection moulded end surface of a packaging container.  
         [0017]    The shown embodiment of an opening device  10  in accordance with the invention comprises a membrane  11 , which by the use of an injection moulding operation is integrated with the surrounding portions of the opening device  10 . A pulling device in the form of a pulling loop  12  extends from the membrane  11  and is connected to the membrane  11  at opposing ends  13 ,  14  of the pulling loop  12 . The membrane  11  is circular and the pulling loop  12  extends diametrically across the membrane  11 . The opening device  10  is in accordance with the invention manufactured from a thermoplastic material, which is flexible, elastic and tearable along the perimeter of the membrane. In case of the shown embodiment, the opening device  10  is integrally formed with an end surface  17  of the packaging container  18  using injection moulding. The opening device  10  is formed with a neck portion  19  provided with an external thread  20 , on which a screw cap (not shown) is adapted to be applied. An opening device of this principal kind is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,934,585. Alternatively, the opening device can be applied directly to the end surface, whereby the membrane preferably is formed as a pivotable snap lid.  
         [0018]    In accordance with a first embodiment, stiffening ridges  21 ,  22  are provided on the top side of the membrane  11  in conjunction with the connections  13 ,  14  between the pulling loop  12  and the membrane  11 . Weakening lines  15 ,  16  is formed in the membrane  11  extending radially inwards from the connections  13 ,  14 . In case of the embodiment as shown, the weakening lines  15 ,  16  are adapted to extend somewhat longer than half the radius of the membrane  11 .  
         [0019]    The weakening lines  15 ,  16  are adapted to extend along the opposite sides of the pulling loop  12 .  
         [0020]    At the removal of the membrane  11  the consumer grips the pulling loop  12 , preferably by inserting a finger through the opening formed by the pulling loop  12  and membrane  11 . At the application of a pulling force, directed along the longitudinal direction of the packaging container  18 , the membrane  11  will be released from the top side of the neck portion  19  at the connection points  13 ,  14 . At first, the opening will occur along one of the weakening lines  15 ,  16  and along a minor portion of the perimeter of the membrane  11  in connection with said weakening line. At further application of the pulling force, the corresponding opening will occur at the other weakening line  15 ,  16  whereby the position as shown in FIG. 2 will be achieved. Thereafter further tearing off will occur along both portions of the perimeter where the opening has been initiated until the membrane  11  has been removed from the packaging container.  
         [0021]    The course of events that has been described above is an ideal course of events. If the pulling force is not mainly applied in the longitudinal direction of the packaging container, the opening could be initiated at one of the points of connections  13 ,  14  as described above, whereby further tearing off could occur along the perimeter of the membrane along in about half the perimeter of the membrane. Thereafter further tearing off will occur on one hand along said perimeter of the membrane and on the other hand along tearing off along the perimeter in the opposite direction from said one point of connection.  
         [0022]    In accordance with the invention it is secured that the initiation of the tearing off occurs at least at one of the points of connection  13 ,  14  independent upon the direction of the application of the pulling force, without the risk that the pulling ring  12  come loose from its connection to the membrane  11 . At the application of a side wise directed pulling force, the pulling ring  12  will act as a lever such that the opening will be initiated along the weakening line  15 ,  16  being arranged on the opposite side of the stiffening ridges  21 ,  22  in relation to the application of the pulling force.