Abstract:
Hose made from an elastic material, which is designed to be fitted on a hose connection by means of a hose endpiece of the hose being pushed over the hose connection, and which is designed to be fastened on the hose connection by a hose clip to be arranged in a fitting region of the hose endpiece, wherein the hose endpiece has at least one thickened area which protrudes from the outer side of the hose, said thickeded area protruding from the outer side of the hose at least to such an extent that a hose clip suitable for fastening the hose on the hose connection is held on the hose endpiece by the thickened area, with respect to the influence of gravity when this is effective in the longitudinal direction of the hose endpiece. The invention further relates to a hose having at least two branch-off points.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
       [0001]    The invention relates to a hose made from an elastic material according to the preamble of claim  1 . The invention furthermore relates to a hose made from an elastic material, which comprises at least two branch-off points, according to claim  13 . The invention furthermore relates to a use of such a hose for transporting a coolant for cooling batteries and to a battery arrangement for electric or hybrid vehicles. 
         [0002]    When assembling a hose on a hose connector, a hose clip is frequently used in order to fix the hose on the hose connector and guarantee a secure and lasting seal. The work procedure usually consists in that the hose clip is firstly loosely pushed over the hose, a hose end piece then being pushed over the hose connector, then the hose clip being positioned and held in an assembly region in the region of the hose end piece and finally fastened. When fastening the hose clip, the latter is contracted so that through the hose clip the hose is pressed against the hose connector. 
         [0003]    Such a hose clip fastening is known for example from DE 88 08 680 U1. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0004]    The invention is based on the object of stating a hose with which the assembly by means of a hose clip described before is simplified. Furthermore, advantageous usage possibilities for such a hose are to be stated. 
         [0005]    This object is solved through the invention stated in the claims  1 ,  13 ,  14  and  15 . The subclaims state advantageous configurations of the invention. 
         [0006]    The invention facilitates the assembly of hoses with hose clips. It is advantageous that the hose end piece is molded through at least one thickened portion protruding from the outside of the hose in such a manner that the hose clip prior to the final fixing, can be captively put on. Because of this, the hose clip is held in the position that is correct for the assembly and merely has to still be finally fixed, for example by tightening a clamping screw or crimping. Here, the thickened portion is formed in such a manner that a hose clip that is suitable for fastening the hose on the hose connector is held on the hose end piece by the thickened portion at least against the influence of gravity, when the latter is effective in the longitudinal direction of the hose end piece. The thickened portion in this case allows the hose clip to be pushed over because of the elasticity of the material of the hose or of the thickened portion used. In this way, the hose clip is securely held on the hose end at least with respect to the influence of gravity and cannot fall down. 
         [0007]    The invention has a particularly positive effect on assembly times of hoses and the costs connected with this when a large number of hoses or hose end pieces have to be assembled on respective hose connectors, such as for example in the case of cooling liquid systems, wherein a larger quantity of cooling circuits has to be connected to the hose or a plurality of hose end pieces via separate hose connectors. 
         [0008]    Exemplary applications can be found in the region of fluid-cooled battery arrangements for electric or hybrid vehicles, in the field of air-conditioning technology, in cooling systems for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles or in washing machines. 
         [0009]    The thickened portion according to the invention can be molded highly differently in many configurations. It is significant that the thickened portion results in a shaping of the hose end piece such that the hose clip cannot by its own action easily leave a desired position. The thickened portion can for example be formed as one or a plurality of nubs or ring-shaped elevations with regular or irregular shaping. The surface of the thickened portion facing outward can be smooth or provided with a structure which can be nubbed or grained. One or a plurality of thickened portions can be provided. 
         [0010]    Basically all elastic materials are possible as elastic material for the hose, in particular rubber-elastic materials and elastomers such as for example rubber or silicone. The thickened portion can be formed from the hose material or another suitable material. The thickened portion need not of necessity be produced in one piece with the hose. The thickened portion can also be inserted as an insert piece in a receiving location of the hose end piece. Advantageous, however, is a one-piece formation of the thickened portion with the hose in a uniform production process. 
         [0011]    The thickened portion can be produced by adding additional materials to the hose end piece or by locally expanding the existing hose material. According to an advantageous development of the invention, the thickened portion runs completely about the outer circumference of the hose, for example in the form of a ring. 
         [0012]    According to an advantageous development of the invention, the dimension by which the thickened portion protrudes from the outside of the hose, about the outer circumference of the hose, remains the same. 
         [0013]    According to an advantageous development of the invention, the thickened portion is arranged in the assembly region of the hose clip. This has the advantage that even with a single thickened portion the hose clip can be held in its final assembly position. Advantageously, the thickened portion is formed running completely about the outer circumference of the hose, for example in ring form. It is likewise advantageous to configure the thickened portion in ring form, but with interruptions. Advantageous, in particular, is the configuration of the thickened portion in the form of a plurality of individual fins arranged about the outer circumference along a ring form, which protrude from the outside of the hose. 
         [0014]    According to an advantageous development of the invention, at least two thickened portions are provided, which each run about the outer circumference of the hose sector-by-sector and each have the same spacing from the face end of the hose end piece. In a further advantageous development, the thickened portions are evenly spaced from one another in the circumferential direction of the hose. Advantageously, more than two thickened portions can also be provided, for example three to eight. 
         [0015]    According to an advantageous development of the invention, the thickened portion, viewed from the face end of the hose end piece, is arranged in front of the assembly region for the hose clip. This has the advantage that the hose clip can be initially pushed over the thickened portion and then, without there being the risk of the hose clip falling off the hose end piece, the hose end piece can be pushed over the hose connector. Insofar as the hose end piece is effected with a spatial orientation in which the face end points in the direction of gravity, the hose clip is quasi automatically located also in the correct location of the hose end piece, namely in the assembly region. A further manual adjustment can thus be omitted. Because of this, a hose assembly with the face end of the hose end piece facing downward is particularly facilitated. 
         [0016]    According to an advantageous development of the invention, the thickened portion, viewed from the face end of the hose end piece, is arranged behind the assembly region for the hose clip. This has the advantage that through the thickened portion slipping away of the hose clip into a hose section located further away from the face end of the hose end piece is prevented. In particular in the presence of a gravity component during the assembly of the hose clip away from the face end the advantage arises that the hose clip is held in its assembly position in the assembly region of the hose end piece. 
         [0017]    It is likewise advantageous to provide both a thickened portion in front of the assembly region as well as a further thickened portion behind the assembly region. Because of this, the hose clip can be fixed in both directions. 
         [0018]    According to an advantageous development of the invention, at least one first thickened portion, viewed from the face end of the hose end piece, is arranged in front of the assembly region for the hose clip. At least one second thickened portion, viewed from the face end of the hose end piece, is arranged behind the assembly region for the hose clip. The spacing between the first and the second thickened portion is equal in size or slightly larger than the width of the hose clip. Because of this, the hose clip is fixed in a certain position and has only little or no play in the longitudinal direction of the hose end piece. 
         [0019]    According to an advantageous development of the invention, the dimension by which the thickened portion protrudes from the outside of the hose decreases in the direction of the face end of the hose end piece. The decrease can run for example linearly or in the shape of an arc. Because of this, a certain slope of the thickened portion in the direction of the face end is provided, which facilitates the placing and guiding of the hose clip over the thickened portion as far as into the assembly region. 
         [0020]    According to an advantageous development of the invention, the sum of the outer diameter of the hose end piece and the dimension by which the thickened portion protrudes from the outside of the hose is greater than the inner diameter of the hose clip in the loose state. Loose state is understood to mean the state of the hose clip as delivered. This has the advantage that a secure hold of the hose clip on the hose end piece is made possible. 
         [0021]    According to an advantageous development of the invention, the thickened portion completely runs about the outer circumference of the hose, has a circular outer contour viewing the face end of the hose end piece from the top and has a diameter which is larger than the inner diameter of the hose clip in the loose state. This allows a simple production of the thickened portion. 
         [0022]    According to an advantageous development of the invention, the dimension by which the thickened portion protrudes from the outside of the hose is in the range from 1 to 4 mm. This has the advantage that the use of hose clips with standard diameters is favored. For each usual hose diameter, a suitable hose clip with a standard diameter can be selected. Said hose clip can then be pushed over the thickened portion comfortably and without damage and is additionally held by the thickened portion once pushed over. 
         [0023]    According to an advantageous development of the invention, the hose comprises at least two branch-off points. On each of the branch-off points, a hose section having in each case a hose end piece is arranged. Such a hose can advantageously be used as a distribution hose (manifold), for example for passing on and distributing cooling fluid. The hose, in particular, can be provided with a larger number of branch-off points, for example 6 or 10. Through the respective thickened portions provided on the hose end pieces, the assembly of such a hose by means of hose clips is facilitated and accelerated. 
         [0024]    In addition, all previously described embodiments of the hose or of the thickened portions can be advantageously inter-combined. 
         [0025]    The invention additionally relates to a hose made from an elastic material, wherein the hose comprises at least two branch-off points, on each of which a hose section having in each case a hose end piece is arranged, which is formed for assembly on a hose connector by pushing the hose end piece over the hose connector and for fastening on the hose connector by a hose clip to be arranged in the region of the hose end piece. Such a hose is advantageously suitable as a distribution hose for coolant, e.g. a cooling fluid, for example for cooling batteries for electric or hybrid vehicles. 
         [0026]    The invention therefore also relates to a use of a hose of the type mentioned before for transporting a coolant for cooling batteries, in particular for electric or hybrid vehicles. 
         [0027]    The invention furthermore relates to a battery arrangement for electric or hybrid vehicles with a plurality of individual battery elements, each of which comprises a coolant supply connection and a coolant discharge connection, wherein the coolant supply connections are interconnected and to a coolant source via a hose of the type described before and/or the coolant discharge connections are interconnected and connected to a coolant sink via a hose of the type described above. Each battery element can for example comprise a plurality of cylindrical round cells or prismatic cells. 
     
    
     
       DRAWINGS 
         [0028]    In the following, the invention is explained in more detail by means of exemplary embodiments making use of drawings, in which: 
           [0029]      FIG. 1  shows a hose and a hose clip and 
           [0030]      FIG. 2  shows the hose according to  FIG. 1  with fitted hose clip and 
           [0031]      FIG. 3  shows a further embodiment of a hose and a hose clip and 
           [0032]      FIG. 4  shows the hose according to  FIG. 3  with fitted hose clip and 
           [0033]      FIG. 5  shows a further embodiment of a hose and a hose clip and 
           [0034]      FIG. 6  shows a hose segment in cross section and 
           [0035]      FIG. 7  shows a further embodiment of a hose and 
           [0036]      FIG. 8  shows the hose according to  FIG. 7  with fitted hose clip and 
           [0037]      FIG. 9  shows a further embodiment of a hose and 
           [0038]      FIG. 10  shows the hose according to  FIG. 9  with fitted hose clip and 
           [0039]      FIG. 11  shows a further embodiment of a hose with fitted hose clips and 
           [0040]      FIG. 12  shows a battery arrangement for electric or hybrid vehicles. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0041]    In the Figures, the same reference characters are used for corresponding elements. 
         [0042]      FIG. 1  shows a hose  1  and a hose clip  4 . The hose  1  comprises a hose end piece  3 , in which the hose  1  ends on an end face  14 . In the direction facing away from the end face  14 , the hose  1 , on the other side of the hose end piece  3 , extends over a hose section  24 , which depending on the application can have a different length and in the Figures is only shown as a short hose piece for the sake of clarity. The hose end piece comprises an assembly region  13  for a hose clip  4 . The hose clip  4  is pushed over the hose end piece  3  as far as into the assembly region  13  and can then be fixed. In general, the hose  1  comprises a hose section  25  protruding over the assembly region  13  toward the end face  14 , since as a rule it is desirable that the hose clip is not assembled on the outermost end of the hose end piece  3 . 
         [0043]    The hose  1  according to  FIG. 1  comprises a thickened portion  5  formed from the hose material protruding on the outside of the hose  1  in the hose section  25 , which seen from the end face  14  is located in front of the assembly section  13 . The thickened portion  5  is formed radially circumferentially about the outer circumference of the hose end piece  3 . In the shown embodiment, the thickened portion  5  is formed with a taper in the direction of the end face  14 , e.g. in the shape of a truncated cone. 
         [0044]    The hose clip  4  likewise shown in  FIG. 1  is of the crimping type. To this end, the hose clip  4  comprises a crimping region  25 , which for fastening the hose clip  4  on the hose  1  is pressed together with a suitable tool. This reduces the diameter of the hose clip, which results in the hose being fixed on a hose connector. 
         [0045]      FIG. 2  shows the hose  1  and the hose clip  4  according to  FIG. 1  with the hose clip  4  already pushed onto the hose  1 . In addition, a hose connector  2  is shown, onto which the hose  1  with the hose clip  4  is to be pushed. 
         [0046]      FIG. 3  shows a further embodiment of a hose  1 , which additionally to the thickened portion  5  in the hose section  25 , a further additional thickened portion  6  is arranged in a region of the hose end piece  3  located further away from the face end  14 . The further thickened portion  6  in this case is arranged seen from the face end  14  behind the assembly region  13  for the hose clip  4 . Here, the spacing  15  between the thickened portions  5 ,  6  is selected so that it is equal in size or slightly larger than the width  16  of the hose clip  4 . Because of this, the hose clip  4  can be easily positioned in the assembly region  13  between the two thickened portions  5 , 6  and is prevented by the two thickened portions  5 ,  6  from being undesirably displaced in both directions in the longitudinal direction of the hose  1 . 
         [0047]      FIG. 4  shows the hose  1  and the hose clip  4  according to  FIG. 3  with the hose clip  4  pushed over the hose  1 . 
         [0048]      FIG. 5  shows a further embodiment of a hose  1 , in which a thickened portion  7  of ring-like shape is formed on the hose end piece  3 , namely in the assembly region  13  for the hose clip  4 . 
         [0049]    The hose clip  4  in this case can be pushed over the thickened portion  7  with a slight exertion of force and because of the elasticity of the material of the thickened portion  7  and of the hose  1  is held in the respective position through pressure. 
         [0050]    As shown in  FIG. 5 , the thickened portion  7  can be formed as a circumferential ring without interruptions.  FIG. 6  shows an alternative configuration of the thickened portion  7 , in which a multiplicity of small fins  8 , which are arranged closely together, protrude from the outside of the hose  1 . Here, the hose  1  is shown in a view of the end face  14  from the top, wherein  FIG. 6  only shows a sector-like detail. 
         [0051]      FIG. 7  shows a further embodiment of a hose  1 , in which the hose end piece  3  branches off the hose  1  at an angle. Furthermore, a further embodiment of the mentioned thickened portions is shown by means of  FIG. 7 , namely two thickened portions  9 ,  10  radially located opposite each other, which starting out from the end face  14  are arranged in front of the assembly region  13 . The thickened portions  9 ,  10  are formed approximately in the manner of a circular segment and have a profile extending tapered in the longitudinal direction of the hose end piece  3  in such a manner that starting out from the end face  14 , an approximately ramp-like rise of the height of the thickened portions  9 ,  10  is obtained. 
         [0052]      FIG. 8  shows the hose  1  according to  FIG. 7  with the hose clip  4  pushed over the hose end piece  3 . 
         [0053]      FIG. 9  shows a further embodiment of a hose. In contrast with  FIG. 7 , further thickened portions  11 ,  12  are provided apart from the thickened portions  9 ,  10  in the hose section  25  of the hose end piece  3 , which, starting out from the end face  14 , are arranged behind the assembly region  13 . The thickened portions  11 ,  12  are substantially formed with the same shaping as the thickened portions  9 ,  10 , but with their sloping contour in the opposite direction to that of the thickened portions  9 ,  10 . 
         [0054]      FIG. 10  shows the hose  1  according to  FIG. 9  with the hose clip  4  pushed over the hose end piece  3 . 
         [0055]      FIG. 11  shows a hose  1  with a plurality of branch-off points  17 ,  18 ,  19 ,  20 , wherein in  FIG. 11 , four branch-off points are shown, however more or fewer branch-off points can also be advantageously realized. The branch-off points  17 ,  18 ,  19 ,  20  each have a hose end piece  3 ,  21 ,  22 ,  23 . The hose end pieces  3 ,  21 ,  22 ,  23  are formed with thickened portions of the type described before, wherein in  FIG. 11 , the embodiment according to  FIG. 8  is exemplarily shown. However, the other described embodiments can also be provided. Hose clips are pushed over the hose end pieces  3 ,  21 ,  22 ,  23  in each case. 
         [0056]      FIG. 12  shows a battery arrangement for electric or hybrid vehicles. The battery arrangement comprises a plurality of battery elements  30 ,  31 ,  32 ,  33 , wherein in  FIG. 12  four battery elements are exemplarily shown, but more or fewer battery elements are also advantageously possible. The battery elements  30 ,  31 ,  32 ,  33  contain a plurality of individual battery cells, which require cooling in operation. For this reason, each battery element  30 ,  31 ,  32 ,  33  has an internal coolant distribution. For supplying the coolant, each battery element  30 ,  31 ,  32 ,  33  has its own coolant supply connection  34 ,  35 ,  36 ,  37 . For discharging the coolant which has flowed through the respective battery element  30 ,  31 ,  32 ,  33 , each battery element comprises a coolant discharge connection  38 ,  39 ,  40 ,  41 . The coolant supply connections and the coolant discharge connections are each formed with a hose connector, which serves for assembling a hose for the supply and discharge of the coolant. The coolant supply connections  34 ,  35 ,  36 ,  37  are connected to a coolant source  44 ,  47  via a hose  42  of the type described before, in particular a hose according to  FIG. 11 . The coolant source  44 ,  47  comprises for example a cooling fluid pump  44  and cooling fluid reservoirs  47 . Here, the hose  42  is connected to the cooling fluid pump  44 . The cooling fluid pump  44  on the inlet side is in turn connected to a cooling fluid reservoir  47  via a further hose  46 . The coolant discharge connections  38 ,  39 ,  40 ,  41  are connected to a coolant sink  47 ,  49  via a hose  43  of the type described before, in particular a hose according to  FIG. 11 . The coolant sink  47 ,  49  comprises for example a heat exchanger  49  and the cooling fluid reservoir  47 . The hose  43  in this case is connected to an inlet connection of the heat exchanger  49 . The heat exchanger  49  can for example be formed as a cooler. On the outlet side, the heat exchanger  49  is connected to the cooling fluid reservoir  47  via a further hose  48 . 
         [0057]    The battery arrangement according to  FIG. 12  additionally comprises an electronic control unit  51 , which monitors the temperature of the battery elements  30 ,  31 ,  32 ,  33  and dependent on this, controls the cooling fluid pump  44 . To this end, each of the battery elements  30 ,  31 ,  32 ,  33  is provided with a temperature sensor  52 ,  53 ,  54 ,  55 . 
         [0058]    The temperature sensors  52 ,  53 ,  54 ,  55  are connected to the electronic control unit  51  via respective electric lines  56 ,  57 ,  58 ,  59 . In addition, the electronic control unit  51  is connected to an electric motor  45  via an electric line  50 . The electric motor  45  is connected to the cooling fluid pump  44  via a shaft. The electric motor  45  serves for driving the cooling fluid pump  44 . The electronic control device controls the electric motor  55 , e.g. via rotational speed control in such a manner that the battery elements  30 ,  31 ,  32 ,  33  are adequately supplied with the cooling fluid and the developing heat is discharged so that none of the battery elements  30 ,  31 ,  32 ,  33  is impermissibly heated up.