Abstract:
An antenna cover assembly for a high-temperature operating environment has a cover plate, gasket portions, and a retainer plate. The cover plate has an inner side and an outer side, the cover plate being translucent to at least one selected frequency of electromagnetic energy. The gasket portions are each located adjacent one of the inner and outer sides, each gasket portion being configured for sealingly engaging the adjacent side. The retainer plate is configured for attachment to a structure located in a high-temperature operating environment. The retainer plate has a sealing flange adapted for clamping the cover plate generally adjacent an antenna portion of a waveguide.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/098,280, filed on Apr. 4, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,360,533; and a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/614,268 filed on Jul. 7, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,836,874; and a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/614,532 filed on Jul. 7, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,297,270; and a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 11/392,050 filed on Mar. 29, 2006, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,836,875. 
     The present application contains technical disclosure in common with International Application No. PCT/US2003/021225 filed 5 Jul. 2003; contains technical disclosure in common with International Application No. PCT/US2005/007261 filed 7 Mar. 2005; contains technical disclosure in common with U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/394,216 filed 5 Jul. 2002; contains technical disclosure in common with PCT/US2004/035252 filed 21 Oct. 2004; contains technical disclosure in common with International Application No. PCT/US2005/035605 filed 5 Oct. 2005; contains technical disclosure in common with International Application No. PCT/US2006/009075 filed 14 Mar. 2006; contains technical disclosure in common with U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/513,110 filed 21 Oct. 2003; contains technical disclosure in common with U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/513,111 filed 23 Oct. 2003; contains technical disclosure in common with U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/614,877 filed 30 Sep. 2004; contains technical disclosure in common with U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/551,268 filed 8 Mar. 2004; contains technical disclosure in common with U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/615,888 filed 5 Oct. 2004; and contains technical disclosure in common with U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/550,578 filed 5 Mar. 2004. 
     All of the applications set forth above are incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates generally to covers for antennas and specifically to cover assemblies for slot antennas located within the cook chamber of an oven. 
     DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART 
     A rapid-cook oven combines microwave (or radio frequency) cooking and convection cooking for cooking food products in a cook chamber. In one type of rapid-cook oven, the microwave portion comprises waveguides positioned along the left and right hand chamber walls. The covers (forming portions of cook chamber walls) of the waveguides are fitted with slotted antennas, which are slots formed in the waveguide cover. The slots are rectangular holes in the metal waveguides, and these may be, for example, approximately 2.39 inches long (6.07 cm) by approximately 0.25 inches wide (0.64 cm) (with rounded, or radiused, ends) for use with the energy frequency produced by 2.45 GHz magnetron tubes. These antennas are associated with standard 2.45 GHz magnetron tubes producing a maximum power level for the oven of around 1950 watts delivered to the food (or about 975 watts per tube). The number of slot antennas per side may vary, but current versions use 3 slot antennas per side. 
     The microwave slot antenna is within the cook chamber, and the antenna for a commercial oven may experience a maximum operating temperature of around 550° F. (287.78° C.). In addition, the antennas are open to the cooking chamber environment, so they must be sealed to prevent food particles, water, oil, cleaning agents, or other substances from being deposited in the waveguide. Contamination of the waveguide interior by such substances can reduce the life of the magnetron tube, reduce the useful power produced by the tube, and/or increase heat loss from the oven. 
     Although great strides have been made in the area of covers for microwave oven antennas, many short comings remain. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     There is a need in the art for an improved cover for an antenna located within the cook chamber of an oven. 
     This object is achieved by providing an improved cover for an antenna located within the cook chamber of an oven. 
     An antenna cover assembly for a high-temperature operating environment has a cover plate, gasket portions, and a retainer plate. The cover plate has an inner side and an outer side, the cover plate being translucent to at least one selected frequency of electromagnetic energy. The gasket portions are each located adjacent one of the inner and outer sides, each gasket portion being configured for sealingly engaging the adjacent side. The retainer plate is configured for attachment to a structure located in a high-temperature operating environment. The retainer plate has a sealing flange adapted for clamping the cover plate generally adjacent an antenna portion of a waveguide. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The novel features believed to be characteristic of the invention are set forth in the appended claims. However, the invention itself, as well as a preferred mode of use, and further objectives and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: 
         FIG. 1  is a front view of a portion of a waveguide and cover assembly according to the invention, the figure showing a preferred embodiment of a cover according to the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a cross-section view of the assembly of  FIG. 1  taken along the line  2 - 2 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a front view of an alternative embodiment of a cover plate and gasket assembly according to the invention; and 
         FIG. 4  is cross-section view of the assembly of  FIG. 3  taken along the line  4 - 4 . 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     The present invention is directed to an improved antenna cover for ovens that operate using electromagnetic energy, such as microwave or radio frequency (RF) energy, emitted through slot antennas located in a high-temperature cook chamber, such as in a combination microwave and convection oven. 
     To reliably seal the slot antennas and associated waveguides while providing a low loss (E/H energy) interface to the cooking cavity, the present invention provides a very durable and low-cost cover for slot antennas. The cover plate material must be compatible with a high-temperature operating environment (such as the interior of a convention oven), must be of low-loss characteristics relative to microwave (or RF) transmission, easily cleaned, durable, and inexpensive. Suitable cover plate, or window, material can be either flexible or rigid. For good microwave compatibility, materials with a dielectric constant less than approximately 6.0 and a loss tangent less than approximately 0.2 are preferred. In addition, the cover assembly must prevent moisture and/or grease form passing from the oven cavity to the interior of the waveguide. 
     Ceramic or rigid style cover plate materials include high-purity quartz and alumina. These materials have excellent high-temperature thermal characteristics, very good microwave transmission performance and offer good protection against user abuse. However, using these materials requires designs to be created with several considerations in mind. 
     For example, ceramic plates are susceptible to cracking or other damage if the window mounting structure that attaches the window to the oven cavity wall distorts, bends, or twists due to oven operation at an elevated temperature. When an oven wall made of sheet metal becomes hot, the wall distorts and can cause tensile stresses (primarily bending) in the ceramic window if the window is clamped directly to the cavity. In addition, these potential stresses increase as the size of the ceramic window increases. 
     Because ceramic cover plates have a very low coefficient of thermal expansion when compared to the oven sheet metal, another consideration is that bonding the ceramic directly to the sheet metal to create an edge seal is not effective for achieving a reliable, long-life seal. The seal is needed to prevent water and grease from seeping between the metal/ceramic interface, and a flexible interface gasket is required for good, long-life sealing. A further consideration is that high-purity ceramics are relatively expensive materials. To reduce material costs, the ceramics should cover only the slot antenna broadcast area and be as thin as possible. 
       FIGS. 1 and 2  are front and cross-section views of a portion of a waveguide and cover assembly  11 . Waveguide  13  is installed within an oven cook cavity and comprises an outer wall  15  and an inner wall  17 . Walls  15 ,  17  are preferably made from sheet metal and are spaced from each other to form a waveguide cavity  19 . Waveguide cavity  19  is in communication with a magnetron (not shown) or other electromagnetic energy emitter for guiding the emitted energy into the oven cavity. Slot antennas  21  are formed in inner wall  15  for permitting energy to be emitted through inner wall  17  into the cook cavity of the oven. 
     To prevent grease, food particles, or other materials within the oven cavity from entering waveguide cavity  19 , ceramic cover plates, or windows  23 , are located generally adjacent each slot antenna  21 . In the embodiment shown, each window  23  is carried by a unitary o-ring gasket  25 , which is retained in place by a cover plate  27 . A peripheral edge of window  23  is sealingly carried in a groove  26 , which is formed in an inner portion of gasket  25 . Cover plate  27  is a rigid, generally planar member having flanges  29 ,  31  configured for attaching cover plate  27  to the oven wall. Cover plate  27  is preferably made from sheet metal, but may alternatively be made from other materials that are suitable for a high-temperature environment. For each slot antenna  21 , a sealing flange  33  is formed in cover plate  27 , each sealing flange  33  extending toward the oven cavity and having dimensions larger that those of slot antennas  21 . Each sealing flange  33  has an inner rim  35  sized and configured for sealingly engaging gasket  25  about the periphery of window  23 . 
     To seal windows  23  to waveguide  13 , gasket  25  is clamped between rim  35  and inner surface  37  of inner wall  17 . An inner sealing interface  39  is formed between gasket  25  and rim  35 , and an outer sealing interface  41  is formed between gasket  25  and surface  37  of inner wall  17 . This allows gasket  25  to provide sealing interfaces  39 ,  41  to prevent grease, moisture, or other matter form entering waveguide  13  from the oven cavity and provide a compliant foundation for accommodating local twisting, bending, and displacement of the associated sheet metal components. This foundation greatly reduces bending stresses on each window  23 . In addition, the use of a separate smaller window for each slot antenna  21 , as compared to a large sheet of material covering all slot antennas  21 , reduces material costs and further reduces stress in windows  21  by permitting windows  21  to translate and rotate relative to each other. Sealing interfaces  39 ,  41  create a redundant sealing geometry, such that any grease, water, or cooking residue must pass by both sealing interfaces  39 ,  41  before entering slot antenna  21  and waveguide  13 . 
     Sealing flanges  33 , which are spaced from inner wall  17 , may act as reflectors to an energy beam  43  (with side lobes) emitted from slot antenna  21 . Therefore, windows  23  must have enough viewing area relative to energy beam  43  to permit beam  43  to radiate from each antenna  21  with minimal reflection of power back to antennas  21 .  FIGS. 3 and 4  are enlarged views of an alternative embodiment of an assembly according to the invention. Window  45  is shown assembled with gasket  47 , a groove  49  in gasket  47  sealingly engaging the peripheral edge of window  45 .  FIG. 4  is a cross-section view showing the assembly of window  45  and gasket  47  adjacent an inner surface  51  of an inner wall  53  of a waveguide, window  45  being located over a slot antenna  55 . 
     In the embodiment shown, a clearance distance  57  from between inner surface  51  and window  45  is preferably less than approximately 0.375 in., and the thickness of window  45  is preferably less than approximately 0.125 in. As shown in  FIG. 3 , slot antenna  55  has a length dimension  59  of approximately 2.4 in. and a width dimension  61  of 0.25 in. To limit or eliminate reflection of energy emitted through antenna  55 , window  45  is sized to have a preferred length dimension  63  of approximately 3.5 in. and a width dimension  65  of 2.5 in. 
     While shown in the embodiments as being a unitary gasket, the gasket that carries the windows may be formed as two pieces. In this configuration, at least one gasket piece is located between the rim of the sealing flange and the oven cavity side of the window, and at least one gasket piece is located between the inner surface of the waveguide inner wall and the waveguide side of the window. 
     While exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood that various changes and modifications to the foregoing embodiments may become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed, but rather by the appended claims and their equivalents.