Abstract:
Notched, surface-mounted wall anchors and anchoring systems employing the same are disclosed. The anchor is a notched, folded sheetmetal construct utilizable with various wire formative veneer ties. The depth of the notch is greater than the combined thickness of the wallboard and the waterproofing layer. Various embodiments show wall anchor configurations with suitable veneer ties and differing sheathing arrangements. The notches, upon surface-mounting of the wall anchor, form small wells in the portion of the notch extending into the insulation, which wells entrain water vapor, condensate and water, and relieve the same from being driven into the wallboard.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application entitled HIGH-STRENGTH SURFACE-MOUNTED ANCHORS AND WALL ANCHOR SYSTEMS USING THE SAME, Ser. No. 10/785,209 filed Feb. 24, 2004, which application is, in turn, a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application entitled FOLDED WALL ANCHOR AND SURFACE-MOUNTED ANCHORING, Ser. No. 10/426,993, filed Apr. 30, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,925,768. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates to notched wall anchors and to surface-mounted anchoring systems employing the same, both of which are used in cavity wall constructs. More particularly, the invention relates to sheetmetal wall anchors and wire formative veneer ties that comprise positive interlocking components of the anchoring system. The system has application to seismic-resistant structures and to cavity walls having special requirements. The latter include high-strength requirements for both insulated and non-insulated cavities, namely, a structural performance characteristic capable of withstanding a 100 lbf, in both tension and compression. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     In the late 1980&#39;s, surface-mounted wall anchors were developed by Hohmann &amp; Barnard, Inc., and patented under U.S. Pat. No. 4,598,518 of the first-named inventor hereof. The invention was commercialized under trademarks DW-10, DW-10-X, and DW-10-HS. These widely accepted building specialty products were designed primarily for dry-wall construction, but were also used with masonry backup walls. For seismic applications, it was common practice to use these wall anchors as part of the DW-10 Seismiclip interlock system which added a Byna-Tie wire formative, a Seismiclip snap-in device—described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,875,319 (&#39;319), and a continuous wire reinforcement. 
     In an insulated dry wall application, the surface-mounted wall anchor of the above-described system has pronged legs that pierce the insulation and the wallboard and rest against the metal stud to provide mechanical stability in a four-point landing arrangement. The vertical slot of the wall anchor enables the mason to have the wire tie adjustably positioned along a pathway of up to 3.625-inch (max.). The interlock system served well and received high scores in testing and engineering evaluations which examined effects of various forces, particularly lateral forces, upon brick veneer masonry construction. However, under certain conditions, the system did not sufficiently maintain the integrity of the insulation. Also, upon the promulgation of more rigorous specifications by which tension and compression characteristics were raised, a different structure—such as one of those described in detail below—was required. 
     The engineering evaluations further described the advantages of having a continuous wire embedded in the mortar joint of anchored veneer wythes. The seismic aspects of these investigations were reported in the inventor&#39;s &#39;319 patent. Besides earthquake protection, the failure of several high-rise buildings to withstand wind and other lateral forces resulted in the incorporation of a continuous wire reinforcement requirement in the Uniform Building Code provisions. The use of a continuous wire in masonry veneer walls has also been found to provide protection against problems arising from thermal expansion and contraction and to improve the uniformity of the distribution of lateral forces in the structure. 
     Shortly after the introduction of the pronged wall anchor, a seismic veneer anchor, which incorporated an L-shaped backplate, was introduced. This was formed from either 12- or 14-gauge sheetmetal and provided horizontally disposed openings in the arms thereof for pintle legs of the veneer anchor. In general, the pintle-receiving sheetmetal version of the Seismiclip interlock system served well, but in addition to the insulation integrity problem, installations were hampered by mortar buildup interfering with pintle leg insertion. 
     In the 1980&#39;s, an anchor for masonry veneer walls was developed and described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,764,069 by Reinwall et al., which patent is an improvement of the masonry veneer anchor of Lopez, U.S. Pat. No. 4,473,984. Here the anchors are keyed to elements that are installed using power-rotated drivers to deposit a mounting stud in a cementitious or masonry backup wall. Fittings are then attached to the stud which include an elongated eye and a wire tie therethrough for deposition in a bed joint of the outer wythe. It is instructive to note that pin-point loading—that is forces concentrated at substantially a single point—developed from this design configuration. This resulted, upon experiencing lateral forces over time, in the loosening of the stud. 
     Exemplary of the public sector building specification is that of the Energy Code Requirement, Boston, Mass. (see Chapter 13 of 780 CMR, Seventh Edition). This Code sets forth insulation R-values well in excess of prior editions and evokes an engineering response opting for thicker insulation and correspondingly larger cavities. Here, the emphasis is upon creating a building envelope that is designed and constructed with a continuous air barrier to control air leakage into or out of conditioned space adjacent the inner wythe. 
     As insulation became thicker, the tearing of insulation during installation of the pronged DW-10X wall anchor, see supra, became more prevalent. This occurred as the installer would fully insert one side of the wall anchor before seating the other side. The tearing would occur at two times, namely, during the arcuate path of the insertion of the second leg and separately upon installation of the attaching hardware. The gapping caused in the insulation permitted air and moisture to infiltrate through the insulation along the pathway formed by the tear. While the gapping was largely resolved by placing a self-sealing, dual-barrier polymeric membrane at the site of the legs and the mounting hardware, with increasing thickness in insulation, this patchwork became less desirable. The improvements hereinbelow in surface mounted wall anchors look toward greater insulation integrity and less reliance on a patch. 
     Another prior art development occurred shortly after that of Reinwall/Lopez when Hatzinikolas and Pacholok of Fero Holding Ltd. introduced their sheetmetal masonry connector for a cavity wall. This device is described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,392,581 and 4,869,043. Here a sheetmetal plate connects to the side of a dry wall column and protrudes through the insulation into the cavity. A wire tie is threaded through a slot in the leading edge of the plate capturing an insulative plate thereunder and extending into a bed joint of the veneer. The underlying sheetmetal plate is highly thermally conductive, and the &#39;581 patent describes lowering the thermal conductivity by foraminously structuring the plate. However, as there is no thermal break, a concomitant loss of the insulative integrity results. 
     In recent building codes for masonry structures, a trend away from eye and pintle structures is seen in that the newer codes require adjustable anchors be detailed to prevent disengagement. This has led to anchoring systems in which the open end of the veneer tie is embedded in the corresponding bed joint of the veneer and precludes disengagement by vertical displacement. 
     Another application for high-span anchoring systems is in the evolving technology of self-cooling buildings. Here, the cavity wall serves additionally as a plenum for delivering air from one area to another. While this technology has not seen wide application in the United States, the ability to size cavities to match air moving requirements for naturally ventilated buildings enable the architectural engineer to now consider cavity walls when designing structures in this environmentally favorable form. 
     In the past, the use of wire formatives have been limited by the mortar layer thicknesses which, in turn are dictated either by the new building specifications or by pre-existing conditions, e.g. matching during renovations or additions the existing mortar layer thickness. While arguments have been made for increasing the number of the fine-wire anchors per unit area of the facing layer, architects and architectural engineers have favored wire formative anchors of sturdier wire. On the other hand, contractors find that heavy wire anchors, with diameters approaching the mortar layer height specification, frequently result in misalignment. This led to the low-profile wall anchors of the inventors hereof as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,279,283. However, the above-described technology did not address the adaption thereof to surface mounted devices. 
     In the course of prosecution of U.S. Pat. No. 4,598,518 (Hohmann &#39;518) several patents, indicated by an asterisk on the tabulation below, became known to the inventors hereof and are acknowledged hereby. Thereafter and in preparing for this disclosure, the additional patents which became known to the inventors are discussed further as to the significance thereof: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Pat. 
                 Inventor 
                 O. Cl. 
                 Issue Date 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 2,058,148* 
                 Hard 
                 52/714 
                 October 1936 
               
               
                   
                 2,966,705* 
                 Massey 
                 52/714 
                 January 1961 
               
               
                   
                 3,377,764 
                 Storch 
                   
                 Apr. 16, 1968 
               
               
                   
                 4,021,990* 
                 Schwalberg 
                 52/714 
                 May 10, 1977 
               
               
                   
                 4,305,239* 
                 Geraghty 
                 52/713 
                 December 1981 
               
               
                   
                 4,373,314 
                 Allan 
                   
                 Feb. 15, 1983 
               
               
                   
                 4,438,611* 
                 Bryant 
                 52/410 
                 March 1984 
               
               
                   
                 4,473,984 
                 Lopez 
                   
                 Oct. 2, 1984 
               
               
                   
                 4,598,518 
                 Hohmann 
                   
                 Jul. 8, 1986 
               
               
                   
                 4,869,038 
                 Catani 
                   
                 Sep. 26, 1989 
               
               
                   
                 4,875,319 
                 Hohmann 
                   
                 Oct. 24, 1989 
               
               
                   
                 5,063,722 
                 Hohmann 
                   
                 Nov. 12, 1991 
               
               
                   
                 5,392,581 
                 Hatzinikolas et al. 
                   
                 Feb. 28, 1995 
               
               
                   
                 5,408,798 
                 Hohmann 
                   
                 Apr. 25, 1995 
               
               
                   
                 5,456,052 
                 Anderson et al. 
                   
                 Oct. 10, 1995 
               
               
                   
                 5,816,008 
                 Hohmann 
                   
                 Oct. 15, 1998 
               
               
                   
                 6,209,281 
                 Rice 
                   
                 Apr. 3, 2001 
               
               
                   
                 6,279,283 
                 Hohmann et al 
                   
                 Aug. 28, 2001 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Foreign Patent Documents 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                  279209* 
                 CH 
                 52/714 
                 March 1952 
               
               
                   
                  2069024* 
                 GB 
                 52/714 
                 August 1981 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Note: 
               
               
                   
                 Original classification provided for asterisked items only. 
               
             
          
         
       
     
     It is noted that with some exceptions these devices are generally descriptive of wire-to-wire anchors and wall ties and have various cooperative functional relationships with straight wire runs embedded in the inner and/or outer wythe. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,377,764—D. Storch—Issued Apr. 16, 1968 
     Discloses a bent wire, tie-type anchor for embedment in a facing exterior wythe engaging with a loop attached to a straight wire run in a backup interior wythe. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,021,990—B. J. Schwalberg—Issued May 10, 1977 
     Discloses a dry wall construction system for anchoring a facing veneer to wallboard/metal stud construction with a pronged sheet-metal anchor. Like Storch &#39;764, the wall tie is embedded in the exterior wythe and is not attached to a straight wire run. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,373,314—J. A. Allan—Issued Feb. 15, 1983 
     Discloses a vertical angle iron with one leg adapted for attachment to a stud; and the other having elongated slots to accommodate wall ties. Insulation is applied between projecting vertical legs of adjacent angle irons with slots being spaced away from the stud to avoid the insulation. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,473,984—Lopez—Issued Oct. 2, 1984 
     Discloses a curtain-wall masonry anchor system wherein a wall tie is attached to the inner wythe by a self-tapping screw to a metal stud and to the outer wythe by embedment in a corresponding bed joint. The stud is applied through a hole cut into the insulation. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,869,038—M. J. Catani—Issued Sep. 26, 1989 
     Discloses a veneer wall anchor system having in the interior wythe a truss-type anchor, similar to Hala et al. &#39;226, supra, but with horizontal sheetmetal extensions. The extensions are interlocked with bent wire pintle-type wall ties that are embedded within the exterior wythe. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,879,319—R. Hohmann—Issued Oct. 24, 1989 
     Discloses a seismic construction system for anchoring a facing veneer to wallboard/metal stud construction with a pronged sheet-metal anchor. Wall tie is distinguished over that of Schwalberg &#39;990 and is clipped onto a straight wire run. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,392,581—Hatzinikolas et al.—Issued Feb. 28, 1995 
     Discloses a cavity-wall anchor having a conventional tie wire for mounting in the brick veneer and an L-shaped sheetmetal bracket for mounting vertically between side-by-side blocks and horizontally on atop a course of blocks. The bracket has a slit which is vertically disposed and protrudes into the cavity. The slit provides for a vertically adjustable anchor. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,408,798—Hohmann—Issued Apr. 25, 1995 
     Discloses a seismic construction system for a cavity wall having a masonry anchor, a wall tie, and a facing anchor. Sealed eye wires extend into the cavity and wire wall ties are threaded therethrough with the open ends thereof embedded with a Hohmann &#39;319 (see supra) clip in the mortar layer of the brick veneer. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,456,052—Anderson et al.—Issued Oct. 10, 1995 
     Discloses a two-part masonry brick tie, the first part being designed to be installed in the inner wythe and then, later when the brick veneer is erected to be interconnected by the second part. Both parts are constructed from sheetmetal and are arranged on substantially the same horizontal plane. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,816,008—Hohmann—Issued Oct. 15, 1998 
     Discloses a brick veneer anchor primarily for use with a cavity wall with a drywall inner wythe. The device combines an L-shaped plate for mounting on the metal stud of the drywall and extending into the cavity with a T-head bent stay. After interengagement with the L-shaped plate the free end of the bent stay is embedded in the corresponding bed joint of the veneer. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,209,281—Rice—Issued Apr. 3, 2001 
     Discloses a masonry anchor having a conventional tie wire for mounting in the brick veneer and sheetmetal bracket for mounting on the metal-stud-supported drywall. The bracket has a slit which is vertically disposed when the bracket is mounted on the metal stud and, in application, protrudes through the drywall into the cavity. The slit provides for a vertically adjustable anchor. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,279,283—Hohmann et al.—Issued Aug. 28, 2001 
     Discloses a low-profile wall tie primarily for use in renovation construction where in order to match existing mortar height in the facing wythe a compressed wall tie is embedded in the bed joint of the brick veneer. 
     None of the above provide the notched, surface-mounted wall anchor or anchoring systems utilizing these devices of this invention. As will become clear in reviewing the disclosure which follows, the cavity wall structures benefit from the recent developments described herein that lead to solving the problems of insulation and waterproofing membrane integrity. In the related application, folded wall anchors are structured with legs that are mounted inboard to the baseplate thereby enabling the baseplate to cover the insertion openings. Here, further improvements in surface-mounted anchors and systems including notched, surface-mounted anchors are introduced. 
     SUMMARY 
     In general terms, the invention disclosed hereby is a unique surface mounted wall anchor and an anchoring system employing the same. The wall anchor is a sheetmetal device which is described herein as functioning with various wire formative veneer ties. In two embodiments, enfolded legs have a projecting portion and a nonprojecting portion. The folded construction of the wall tie enables the junctures of the legs and the base of the wall anchor to be located inboard from the periphery of the wall anchor. During formation of the wall anchor, the outer surface of the nonprojecting portion of the enfolded leg and the underside of the base are caused to be coplanar. Upon installation, the coplanar elements act to seal the insertion point where the legs enter into the exterior layer of building materials on the inner wythe. This sealing effect precludes the penetration of air, moisture, and water vapor into the inner wythe structure. In all of the embodiments shown, the legs are formed to fully or partially sheath the mounting hardware of the wall anchor. The sheathing function reduces the openings in the insulation required for installing the wall anchor. 
     In the first embodiment, the folded wall anchor is adapted from the earlier inventions of Schwalberg, U.S. Pat. No. 4,021,990 and of Hohmann, U.S. Pat. No. 4,875,319, see supra. Here it is seen that the double folded wall anchor (with legs moved inboard) have deeply impressed ribs alongside the bail, which creates a wall anchor construct of superior strength. This construct is applied to an insulated dry wall inner wythe having insulation over wallboard cavity, and an outer wythe of brick. The channel in the projecting portion of the legs ensheaths the interior side of the mounting hardware and the notch minimizes penetration through wallboard and the associated waterproofing membrane. 
     In the second embodiment, the folded wall anchor is of the winged variety. The wings in this embodiment are slotted and permit continuously adjustable positioning of the veneer tie. Here it is seen that a double folded wall anchor together with a box veneer tie is applied to a dry wall inner wythe having exterior insulation and, thus, the wall anchor legs have to penetrate the insulation, the waterproofing membrane, and the wallboard layers. In the third embodiment, the wings are slotted with a centrally disposed reinforcement bar. The folded wall anchor is paired with a canted, low-profile veneer anchor. The folded wall anchor is surface-mounted to an inner wythe also having insulation on the exterior surface with wallboard and waterproofing membrane and a brick facing. The use of this innovative surface-mounted wall anchor in various applications addresses the problems of insulation integrity, thermal conductivity, and pin-point loading encountered in the previously discussed inventions. 
     OBJECTS AND FEATURES OF THE INVENTION 
     Accordingly, it is the primary object of the present invention to provide a new and novel anchoring systems for cavity walls, which systems are surface mountable to the backup wythe thereof. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide a new and novel wall anchor mounted on the exterior surface of the the insulation layer, the wallboard, and the waterproofing membrane layers and secured to the metal stud or standard framing member of a dry wall construction. 
     It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an anchoring system which is resistive to water penetrating the wallboard protective covering, to high levels of tension and compression and, further, to prevent disengagement under seismic or other severe environmental conditions. 
     It is still yet another object of the present invention to provide an anchoring system which is constructed to maintain insulation and waterproofing membrane integrity by preventing air and water penetration thereinto. 
     It is a feature of the present invention that the wall anchor hereof requires smaller openings in the insulation for installation and has a coplanar baseplate for sealing against the insertion points in the insulation. 
     It is another feature of the present invention that the legs of the wall anchor hereof have only point contact with the metal studs with substantially no resultant thermal conductivity. 
     It is yet another feature of the present invention that the bearing area between the wall anchor and the veneer tie spreads the forces thereacross and avoids pin-point loading. 
     Other objects and features of the invention will become apparent upon review of the drawing and the detailed description which follows. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
       In the following drawing, the same parts in the various views are afforded the same reference designators. 
         FIG. 1  shows a first embodiment of this invention and is a perspective view of a notched, surface-mounted anchoring system as applied to a cavity wall with an inner wythe of dry wall construction having insulation and a waterproofing membrane disposed on the cavity-side thereof and an outer wythe of brick; 
         FIG. 2  is a rear perspective view showing the folded wall anchor of the surface-mounted anchoring system of  FIG. 1  for ensheathing the interior of the mounting hardware; 
         FIG. 3  is a perspective view of the surface-mounted anchoring system of  FIG. 1  shown with a folded wall anchor and a veneer tie threaded therethrough; 
         FIG. 4  is a cross sectional view of  FIG. 1  which shows the relationship of the surface-mounted anchoring system of this invention to the above-described dry-wall construction and to the brick outer wythe; 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective view of a second embodiment of this invention showing a surface-mounted anchoring system for a seismic-resistant cavity wall and is similar to  FIG. 1 , but shows wall anchors with tubular legs and a swaged veneer tie accommodating a reinforcing bar in the bed joints of the brick outer wythe; 
         FIG. 6  is a rear perspective view showing the surface-mounted anchoring system having a wall anchor with notched tubular legs of  FIG. 5 ; 
         FIG. 7  is a cross sectional view of  FIG. 5  which shows the relationship of the surface-mounted wall anchor with tubular legs and the corresponding swaged veneer tie and reinforcing bar; 
         FIG. 8  is a perspective view of a third embodiment of this invention showing a surface-mounted anchoring system for a cavity wall and is similar to  FIG. 1 , but shows a system employing a notched, folded wall anchor with slotted wings and a low-profile, canted veneer tie. 
         FIG. 9  is a rear perspective view showing the wall anchor with ribbed slotted wings of  FIG. 8  having channels for ensheathing the exterior of the mounting hardware; and, 
         FIG. 10  is a partial perspective view of  FIG. 8  showing the relationship of the wall anchor and the corresponding veneer tie. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Before entering into the detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments, several terms which will be revisited later are defined. These terms are relevant to discussions of innovations introduced by the improvements of this disclosure that overcome the technical shortcoming of the prior art devices. 
     In the embodiments described hereinbelow, the inner wythe is provided with insulation. In the dry wall construction shown in the embodiments hereof, this takes the form of exterior insulation disposed on the outer surface of the inner wythe. Further between the wallboard and the insulation a protective waterproofing membrane is present to preclude water from damaging the wallboard. Recently, building codes have required that after the anchoring system is installed and, prior to the inner wythe being closed up, that an inspection be made for insulation integrity to ensure that the insulation prevents infiltration of air and moisture. Here the term insulation integrity is used in the same sense as the building code in that, after the installation of the anchoring system, there is no change or interference with the insulative properties and concomitantly substantially no change in the air and moisture infiltration characteristics. It is noted that in contradistinction to the related application cited hereinabove, by notching the wall anchor legs, these wall anchor systems are designed to be less invasive into the insulation and the waterproofing membrane. 
     In a related sense, prior art sheetmetal anchors have formed a conductive bridge between the wall cavity and the metal studs of columns of the interior of the building. Here the terms thermal conductivity and thermal conductivity analysis are used to examine this phenomenon and the metal-to-metal contacts across the inner wythe. 
     Anchoring systems for cavity walls are used to secure veneer facings to a building and overcome tension and compression from seismic and other forces, i.e. wind shear, etc. In the past, some systems have experienced failure because the forces have been concentrated at substantially a single point. Here, the term pin-point loading refers to an anchoring system wherein forces are concentrated at a single point. 
     In addition to that which occurs at the facing wythe, attention is further drawn to the construction at the exterior surface of the inner or backup wythe. Here there are two concerns, namely, maximizing the strength of the securement of the surface-mounted wall anchor to the backup wall and, as previously discussed minimizing the interference of the anchoring system with the insulation and the waterproofing. The first concern is addressed using appropriate fasteners such as, for mounting to metal, dry-wall studs, self-tapping screws. The latter concern is addressed by the flatness of the base of the surface-mounted, folded anchors covering the openings formed by the legs (the profile is seen in the cross-sectional drawings of  FIGS. 4 and 7 ) and by the notched leg portion minimizing the openings in the waterproofing membrane. 
     In the detailed description, the veneer reinforcements and the veneer anchors are wire formatives. The wire used in the fabrication of veneer joint reinforcement conforms to the requirements of ASTM Standard Specification A951-00, Table 1. For the purpose fo this application tensile strength tests and yield tests of veneer joint reinforcements are, where applicable, those denominated in ASTM A-951-00 Standard Specification for Masonry Joint Reinforcement. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 1 through 4 , the first embodiment shows an anchoring system with a notched, surface-mounted wall anchor. This system is suitable for recently promulgated standards and, in addition, has greater tension and compression characteristics. The system discussed in detail hereinbelow, has a notched, folded wall anchor and an interengaging veneer tie. The wall anchor is surface mounted onto an externally insulated dry wall that has a waterproofing membrane between the wallboard and the insulation. For the first embodiment, a cavity wall having an insulative layer of 2.5 inches (approx.) and a total span of 3.5 inches (approx.) is chosen as exemplary. 
     The surface-mounted anchoring system for cavity walls is referred to generally by the numeral  10 . A cavity wall structure  12  is shown having an inner wythe or dry wall backup  14  with a waterproofing membrane  15  disposed thereon. Sheetrock or wallboard  16  is mounted on metal studs or columns  17  and an outer wythe or facing wall  18  of brick  20  construction. Between the inner wythe  14  and the outer wythe  18 , a cavity  22  is formed. The cavity  22 , which has a 3.5-inch span, has attached to the exterior surface  24  of the waterproofing membrane  15  insulation in the form of insulating panels  26 . Seams  28  between adjacent panels of insulation  26  are shown as being substantially vertical and each in alignment with the center of a column  17 ; however, horizontal insulating panels may also be used with the anchoring system described herein. 
     Successive bed joints  30  and  32  are substantially planar and horizontally disposed and in accord with building standards are 0.375-inch (approx.) in height. Selective ones of bed joints  30  and  32 , which are formed between courses of bricks  20 , are constructed to receive therewithin the insertion portion of the veneer anchor of the anchoring system hereof. Being surface mounted onto the inner wythe, the anchoring system  10  is constructed cooperatively therewith and is configured to minimize air and moisture penetration around the wall anchor system/inner wythe juncture. 
     For purposes of discussion, the cavity surface  24  of the inner wythe  14  contains a horizontal line or x-axis  34  and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis  36 . A horizontal line or z-axis  38 , normal to the xy-plane, passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. A folded wall anchor  40  is shown which has a pair of legs  42  which penetrate the insulation  26 , the waterproofing membrane  15 , and the wallboard  16 . Folded wall anchor  40  is a stamped metal construct which is constructed for surface mounting on inner wythe  14  and for interconnection with veneer tie  44 . 
     The veneer tie  44  is a wire formative of a gage close to the receptor opening measured in an xz plane. The veneer tie  44  is shown in  FIG. 1  as being emplaced on a course of bricks  20  in preparation for embedment in the mortar of bed joint  30 . In this embodiment, the system includes a wall anchor  40  and a veneer tie  44 . 
     At intervals along a horizontal line on the outer surface of insulation  26 , the folded wall anchors  40  are surface mounted. The legs  42  on the anchors  40  each have a base surface  58  and a pair of leg portions  54  and  56  extending from the base surface. In this structure, channels  47  sheathe the interior of mounting hardware  48 . The folded wall anchors  40  are positioned on the outer surface of insulation  26  so that the longitudinal axis of a column  17  lies within the yz-plane formed by the longitudinal axes  50  and  52  of upper leg portion  54  and lower leg portion  56 , respectively. The leg portions  54  and  56  are folded, extending from a locating within the perimeter of the mounting surface, as best shown in  FIG. 2 , so that the base surface  58  of the legs and the base surface  60  of the bail portion  62  are substantially coplanar and, when installed, lie in an xy-plane. Upon insertion in insulation  26 , the base surfaces  58  and  60  rest snugly against the opening formed thereby and serves to cover the opening precluding the passage of air and moisture therethrough. This construct maintains the insulation integrity. 
     Support for this amendment can be found in FIG  2 .  FIG. 2  clearly shows the legs extending from a location within the perimeter of the mounting surface. 
     The upper leg portion  54  and the lower leg portion  56  of folded wall anchors  40  have the lower portion of channels  47  removed thereby forming upper notch  55  and lower notch  57 . The depth  59  of the notches  55  and  57  is slightly greater than the combined height of the wallboard  16  and the waterproofing membrane  15 . The notch excesses form small wells  61  which draw off moisture, condensate or water from the associated leg portion or hardware and serves to relieve any pressure which would drive the same past the waterproofing membrane  15  and toward wallboard  16 . This construct maintains the waterproofing integrity. 
     The upper leg portion  54  and lower leg portion  56  of folded wall anchor  40  have formed into each of the channels  47  a screw guide  63 . As insulation becomes thicker in accordance with typical Energy Code requirements (see Background of the Invention, supra, the need for installation aids such as the screw guide hereof takes on greater importance. The screw guide  63  ensures that mounting hardware  48  remains substantially aligned with z-axis  38  during installation. By having a complete ring-like 360° portion or strap in the sheathing channel  47 , the mounting hardware is encaptured or strapped into position in a positive manner. 
     The dimensional relationship between wall anchor  40  and veneer tie  44  limits the axial movement of the construct. Each veneer tie  44  has a rear leg  64  opposite the bed-joint-deposited portion thereof which is formed continuous therewith. The slot or bail aperture  66  of bail  62  is constructed, in accordance with the building code requirements, to be within the predetermined dimensions to limit the z-axis  38  movement. The slot  66  is slightly larger horizontally than the diameter of the tie. The receptor opening or bail slot  66  is elongated vertically to accept a veneer tie threadedly therethrough and permit y-axis  36  adjustment. The dimensional relationship of the rear leg  64  to the width of bail  62  limits the x-axis movement of the construct. The front legs  68  and  70  are dimensioned for insertion in bed joint  30 . 
     The folded wall anchor  40  is seen in more detail in  FIGS. 2 through 4 . The legs  42  are folded 180° about end seams  72  and  74 , respectively, and then 90° at the inboard seams  76  and  78 , respectively, so as to extend parallel the one to the other. The leg portions  54  and  56  are dimensioned so that, upon installation, they extend through insulation panels  26 , waterproofing membrane  15 , and wallboard  16  and the endpoints  80  thereof abut the metal studs  17 . Although only two-leg structures are shown, it is within the contemplation of this invention that more folded legs could be constructed with each leg terminating at an inboard seam and having the insertion point  82  of the insulation  26  covered by the wall anchor body. Because the leg portions  54  and  56  abut the studs  17  only at endpoints  80 , the thermal conductivity across the construct is minimal as the cross sectional metal-to-metal contact area is minimized. (There is virtually no heat transfer across the mounting hardware  48  because of the isolating, nonconductive washers  81 . 
     In this embodiment, as best seen in  FIGS. 3 and 4 , strengthening ribs  84  are impressed in the base  60  of wall anchor  40 . The ribs  84  are substantially parallel to the bail opening  66  and, when mounting hardware  48  is fully seated so that the base surface  60  rests against the face of insulation  26 , the ribs  84  are then pressed into the surface of the insulation  26 . This provides additional sealing. While the ribs  84  are shown as protruding toward the insulation, it is within the contemplation of this invention that ribs  84  could be raised in the opposite direction. The alternative structure would be used in applications wherein the outer layer of the inner wythe is noncompressible and does not conform to the rib contour. The ribs  84  strengthen the wall anchor  40  and achieves an anchor with a tension and compression rating of 100 lbf. 
     The description which follows is a second embodiment of the surface-mounted anchoring system for cavity walls of this invention. For ease of comprehension, wherever possible similar parts use reference designators 100 units higher than those above. Thus, the veneer tie  144  of the second embodiment is analogous to the veneer tie  44  of the first embodiment. Referring now to  FIGS. 5 through 7 , the second embodiment of the surface-mounted anchoring system is shown and is referred to generally by the numeral  110 . As in the first embodiment, a wall structure  112  is shown. The second embodiment has an inner wythe or backup wall  114  of a dry wall construction with a waterproofing membrane  115  disposed thereon. Wallboard  116  is attached to columns or studs  117  and an outer wythe or veneer  118  of facing brick  120 . The inner wythe  114  and the outer wythe  118  have a cavity  122  therebetween. Here, the anchoring system has a surface-mounted wall anchor with notched, tubular legs and a swaged veneer tie for receiving reinforcement bars to create a seismic anchoring system. 
     The anchoring system  110  is surface mounted to the exterior surface  124  of the insulation  126 . In this embodiment like the previous one, panels of insulation  126  are disposed on waterproofing membrane  115  and, in turn, on wallboard  116  and columns  117 . Successive bed joints  130  and  132  are substantially planar and horizontally disposed and in accord with building standards are 0.375-inch (approx.) in height. Selective ones of bed joints  130  and  132 , which are formed between courses of bricks  120 , are constructed to receive therewithin the insertion portion of the anchoring system construct hereof. Being surface mounted onto the inner wythe, the anchoring system  110  is constructed cooperatively therewith, and as described in greater detail below, is configured to penetrate through the wallboard at a covered insertion point and to minimize the openings in the waterproofing layer. 
     For purposes of discussion, the insulation surface  124  of the inner wythe  114  contains a horizontal line or x-axis  134  and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis  136 . A horizontal line or z-axis  138 , normal to the xy-plane, passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. A wall anchor  140  is shown which has a pair of tubular legs  142  which penetrate the insulation  126 , the waterproofing membrane  115 , and the wallboard  116 . Wall anchor  140  is a stamped metal construct which is constructed for surface mounting on inner wythe  114  and for interconnection with veneer tie  144  which, in turn, receives reinforcement  146  therewithin. 
     The veneer tie  144  is a swaged Byna-Tie® device manufactured by Hohmann &amp; Barnard, Inc., Hauppauge, N.Y. 11788. The veneer tie  144  is shown in  FIG. 5  as being emplaced on a course of bricks  120  in preparation for embedment in the mortar of bed joint  130 . In this embodiment, the system includes a wall anchor  140 , veneer reinforcement  146 , and a swaged veneer tie  144 . The veneer reinforcement  146  is constructed of a wire formative conforming to the joint reinforcement requirements of ASTM Standard Specification A951-00, Table 1, see supra. 
     At intervals along a horizontal line on surface  124 , wall anchors  140  are surface mounted. In this structure, tubular legs  142  sheathe the mounting hardware  148 . The hardware is adapted to thermally isolate the wall anchor  140  with the neoprene sealing washers thereof. The wall anchors  140  are positioned on surface  124  so that the longitudinal axis of a column  117  lies within the yz-plane formed by the longitudinal axes  150  and  152  of upper leg portion  154  and lower leg portion  156 , respectively. As best shown in  FIGS. 6 and 7 , tubular legs base  158  surface when installed, lies in an xy-plane. Upon insertion in the wallboard  116 , the base surfaces  158  and  160  rest snugly against the opening formed thereby and serves to cover the opening precluding the passage of air and moisture therethrough, thereby maintaining the insulation integrity. It is within the contemplation of this invention that a coating of sealant or a layer  163  of a polymeric compound—such as a closed-cell foam—be placed on base surfaces  158  for additional sealing. Because of the sheathing of the mounting hardware  148 , only two openings are required in insulation  126  for each wall anchor  140 . Optionally, a layer of Textroseal® sealant  163  or equivalent distributed by Hohmann &amp; Barnard, Inc., Hauppauge, N.Y. 11788 may be applied under the base surface  158  for additional protection. 
     In this embodiment, as best seen in  FIGS. 6 and 7 , strengthening ribs  184  are impressed in the base  158  of wall anchor  140 . The ribs  184  are substantially parallel to the bail opening  166  and, when mounting hardware  148  is fully seated so that the base  158  surface rests against the face of insulation  126 , the ribs  184  are then raised from the surface of the insulation  126 . Thus, the ribs  184  are shown as protruding away the insulation, in a manner opposite that of the first embodiment. This alternative structure is particularly applicable where the outer layer of the inner wythe is noncompressible and does not conform to the rib contour. The ribs  184  strengthen the wall anchor  140  and achieves an anchor with a tension and compression rating of 100 lbf. 
     The dimensional relationship between wall anchor  140  and veneer tie  144  limits the axial movement of the construct. Each veneer tie  144  has a rear leg  164  opposite the bed-joint deposited portion thereof, which rear leg  164  is formed continuous therewith. The bail opening  166  provides for selective adjustability and, restricts the y-axis  136  movement of the anchored veneer. The horizontal dimension of the bail opening  166  of bail  162  is constructed to be within the predetermined dimensions to limit the z-axis  138  movement in accordance with the building code requirements. The opening is larger horizontally than the diameter of the veneer tie  144 . The dimensional relationship of the rear leg  164  to the width of the bail  162  limits the x-axis  134  movement of the construct. For positive interengagement, the front legs  168  and  170  of veneer tie  144  are sealed in bed joint  130  forming a closed loop. For positive interengagement and to prevent disengagement under seismic conditions, the front legs  168  and  170  of veneer tie  144  and the reinforcement wire  146  are sealed in bed joint  30  forming a closed loop. 
     The anchor  140  is seen in more detail in  FIGS. 6 and 7 . The upper leg portion  154  and lower leg portion  156  are mounted inboard from the perimeter of base  158  with the leg portions extending parallel the one to the other. The leg portions  154  and  156  are dimensioned so that, upon installation, they extend through wallboard  116  and the endpoints  180  thereof abut the metal studs  117 . Although only two leg structures are shown, it is within the contemplation of this invention that more legs could be constructed with each leg portion mounted inboard and having the insertion point  182  of the wallboard  116  covered by the wall anchor body. Because the leg portions  154  and  156  abut the studs  117  only at endpoints  180 , the thermal conductivity across the construct is minimal as the cross sectional metal-to-metal contact area is minimized. (There is virtually no heat transfer across the mounting hardware  148  because of the nonconductive washers thereof. 
     The upper leg  154  and the lower leg  156  of wall anchor  140  are notched at the insertion end forming upper notches  155  and lower notches  157 . The notches are dimensioned so that the depths  159  thereof are slightly greater than the combined wallboard  116  and waterproofing membranes  115  thicknesses. The notch excesses form small wells  161  which draw off moisture, condensate or water by relieving any pressure that would drive the same past the waterproofing membranes  115  and toward wallboard  116 . This construct maintains the waterproofing integrity. 
     The description which follows is a third embodiment of the surface-mounted anchoring system for cavity walls of this invention. For ease of comprehension, wherever possible similar parts use reference designators 100 units higher than those above. Thus, the veneer tie  244  of the third embodiment is analogous to the veneer tie  144  of the second embodiment. Referring now to  FIGS. 8 through 10 , the third embodiment of the surface-mounted anchoring system is shown and is referred to generally by the numeral  210 . As in the previous embodiments, a wall structure  212  is shown. Here, the third embodiment has an inner externally insulated, wythe or dry wall  214  with a waterproofing membrane  215  disposed thereon. The structure includes a wallboard  216  mounted on columns or studs  217  and an outer wythe or veneer  218  of facing brick  220 . The inner wythe  214  and the outer wythe  218  have a cavity  222  therebetween. The anchoring system has a notched, surface-mounted wall anchor with slotted wing portions or receptors for receiving the veneer tie portion of the anchoring system and a low-profile box tie, see U.S. Pat. No. 6,279,283 supra. 
     The anchoring system  210  is surface mounted to the exterior surface  224  of the insulation  226 . In this embodiment panels of insulation  226  are disposed on the wallboard  216 . Successive bed joints  230  and  232  are substantially planar and horizontally disposed and in accord with building standards are 0.375-inch (approx.) in height. Selective ones of bed joints  230  and  232 , which are formed between courses of bricks  220 , are constructed to receive therewithin the veneer anchor insertion portion of the anchoring system construct hereof. Being surface mounted onto the inner wythe, the anchoring system  210  is constructed cooperatively therewith, and as described in greater detail below, is configured to penetrate through the insulation at a covered insertion point to maintain insulation integrity and to minimize penetration of the waterproofing membrane  215  to maintain waterproofing integrity. 
     For purposes of discussion, the surface  224  of the insulation  226  contains a horizontal line or x-axis  234  and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis  236 . A horizontal line or z-axis  238 , normal to the xy-plane, passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. A folded wall anchor  240  is shown which has a pair of legs  242  which penetrate the insulation  226 , waterproofing membrane  215 , and wallboard  216 . Folded wall anchor  240  is a stamped metal construct which is constructed for surface mounting on inner wythe  214  and for interconnection with veneer tie  244 . 
     The veneer tie  244  is adapted from the low-profile box Byna-Tie® device manufactured by Hohmann &amp; Barnard, Inc., Hauppauge, N.Y. 11788 under U.S. Pat. No. 6,279,283. The veneer tie  244  is shown in  FIG. 8  as being emplaced on a course of bricks  220  in preparation for embedment in the mortar of bed joint  230 . In this embodiment, the system includes a folded wall anchor  240  and a canted veneer tie  244 . 
     At intervals along a horizontal line on surface  224 , folded wall anchors  240  are surface-mounted using mounting hardware  248 . In this structure, channels  247  sheathe the exterior of mounting hardware  248 . The folded wall anchors  240  are positioned on surface  224  at the intervals required by the applicable building codes. The upper leg portion  254  and lower leg portion  256  are folded, as best shown in  FIG. 9 , so that the base surface  258  of the legs and the intermediate base surface  260  are substantially coplanar and, when installed, lie in an xy-plane. Upon insertion in insulation  226 , the base surfaces  258  and  260  rest snugly against the opening formed thereby and serves to cover the opening precluding the passage of air and moisture therethrough, thereby maintaining the insulation integrity. It is within the contemplation of this invention that a coating of sealant or a layer of a polymeric compound—such as a closed-cell foam—be placed on base surfaces  258  and  260  for additional sealing. With the leg portions  254  and  256  sheathing the mounting hardware, only two openings in the insulation are required for mounting and the disruption of the insulative integrity is minimized thereby. 
     In this third embodiment, slotted wing portions  262  therealong are bent upwardly (when viewing legs  242  as being bent downwardly) from intermediate base  260  for receiving veneer tie  244  therethrough. The dimensional relationship between wall anchor  240  and veneer tie  244  limits the axial or xz-plane movement of the construct. Each veneer tie  244  has a rear leg  264  opposite the bed-joint deposited portion thereof, which rear leg  264  is formed continuous therewith. The slots  266  provide for z-axis  238  limitation and for adjustability along the y-axis  236  movement of the anchored veneer. The opening of the slot  266  of wing portions  262  is constructed to be within the predetermined dimensions to limit the z-axis  238  movement in accordance with the building code requirements. The slots  266  are slightly larger horizontally than the diameter of the tie  244 . The dimensional relationship of the rear leg  264  to the width of spacing between wing portions  262  limits the x-axis movement of the construct. For positive interengagement, the front legs  268  and  270  of veneer tie  244  are sealed in bed joint  230  forming a closed loop. 
     The folded wall anchor  240  is seen in more detail in  FIGS. 9 and 10 . The upper and lower legs  242  are folded 180° about end seams  272  and  274 , respectively, and then 90° at the inboard seams  276  and  278  respectively, so the leg portions  254  and  256  extend parallel the one to the other. The leg portions  254  and  256  are dimensioned so that, upon installation, they extend through insulation panels  226  and the endpoints  280  thereof abut the surface of metal studs  217 . Because the insertion point into insulation  226  of the leg portions  254  and  256  is sealingly covered by the structure, the water and water vapor penetration into the backup wall is minimal. (There is virtually no heat transfer across the mounting hardware  248  because of the nonconductive washers thereof.) 
     The upper leg portion  254  and lower leg portion  256  of wall anchor  240  are notched at the insertion end thereof forming upper notch  255  and lower notch  257 . The notches are dimensioned so that the depths  259  thereof are slightly greater than the combined height of the wallboard  216  and the waterproofing membrane  217 . The excess portions of the notches  255  and  257  form small wells which draw off moisture condensate, or water and relieve pressure that would drive the same toward the wallboard  216 . With this structure the waterproofing integrity is maintained. 
     In the veneer tie shown in  FIGS. 8 and 10 , a bend is made at a point of inflection  284 . This configuring of the veneer tie  244 , compensates for the additional strengthening of wall anchor  240  at crossbar  286 . Thus, if the bed joint  230  is exactly coplanar with the strengthening crossbar  286  the bent veneer tie  244  facilitates the alignment thereof. 
     In this embodiment, as best seen in  FIGS. 9 and 10 , strengthening ribs  284  are impressed into wing portions  262  adjacent and parallel to the base  258  of wall anchor  240 . The ribs  284  are substantially parallel to the bail opening  266 . When mounting hardware  248  is fully seated, the base surface  258  rests against the face of insulation  226  without any interface with the ribs  284 . The ribs  284  strengthen the wall anchor  240  and achieves an anchor with a tension and compression rating of 100 lbf. 
     In the above description of the folded wall anchors of this invention various configurations are described and applications thereof in corresponding anchoring systems are provided. Because many varying and different embodiments may be made within the scope of the inventive concept herein taught, and because many modifications may be made in the embodiments herein detailed in accordance with the descriptive requirement of the law, it is to be understood that the details herein are to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.