Conservation Reserve Program Reform Act of 2023

Subjects: Agriculture and Food


<html><body><pre>[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1509 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

&lt;DOC&gt;






118th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 1509

    To amend the Food Security Act of 1985 to extend and reform the 
         conservation reserve program, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              May 10, 2023

  Mr. Booker introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
   referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
    To amend the Food Security Act of 1985 to extend and reform the 
         conservation reserve program, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Conservation Reserve Program Reform 
Act of 2023''.

SEC. 2. CONSERVATION RESERVE.

    (a) In General.--Section 1231(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3831(a)) is amended by striking ``2023'' and inserting 
``2028''.
    (b) Eligible Land.--Section 1231(b)(1)(B) of the Food Security Act 
of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831(b)(1)(B)) is amended by striking ``the 
Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018'' and inserting ``the Conservation 
Reserve Program Reform Act of 2023''.
    (c) Enrollment.--Section 1231(d) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3831(d)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) fiscal years 2024 through 2028, not more than 
                24,000,000 acres.'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)(A)--
                    (A) in clause (i)--
                            (i) by striking ``2,000,000'' and inserting 
                        ``8,000,000''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``2023'' and inserting 
                        ``2028''; and
                    (B) in clause (ii), by striking subclauses (I) 
                through (III) and inserting the following:
                                    ``(I) fiscal year 2024, 4,000,000 
                                acres;
                                    ``(II) fiscal year 2025, 6,000,000 
                                acres; and
                                    ``(III) fiscal years 2025 through 
                                2028, 8,000,000 acres.''; and
            (3) in paragraph (6)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) in clause (i)(III), by striking ``and'' 
                        at the end;
                            (ii) in clause (ii), by striking the period 
                        at the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) the farmable wetland program under 
                        section 1231B; and
                            ``(iv) the CLEAR 30 and soil health and 
                        income protection programs under subsections 
                        (a) and (b), respectively, of section 1231C.''; 
                        and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) in clause (i)--
                                    (I) by striking ``8,600,000'' and 
                                inserting ``11,000,000''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``2023'' and 
                                inserting ``2028''; and
                            (ii) in clause (ii), by striking subclauses 
                        (I) through (IV) and inserting the following:
                                    ``(I) fiscal year 2024, 8,000,000 
                                acres;
                                    ``(II) fiscal year 2025, 9,000,000 
                                acres;
                                    ``(III) fiscal year 2026, 
                                10,000,000 acres; and
                                    ``(IV) fiscal years 2027 and 2028, 
                                11,000,000 acres.''.
    (d) Duration of Contract.--Section 1231(e) of the Food Security Act 
of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831(e)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``For the purpose'' and 
        inserting ``Except as provided in paragraph (3), for the 
        purpose'';
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``paragraph (1),'' and 
        inserting ``paragraph (1) or (3), as applicable,''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Land enrolled after october 1, 2023.--With respect to 
        a contract under this subchapter that is entered into on or 
        after October 1, 2023, that enrolls land under paragraph (2) or 
        (6) of subsection (d), the term of the contract shall be not 
        less than 15, and not more than 30, years.''.

SEC. 3. FARMABLE WETLAND PROGRAM.

    Section 1231B(a)(1) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3831b(a)(1)) is amended by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2028''.

SEC. 4. CLEAR 30 AND SHIPP.

    (a) CLEAR 30.--Section 1231C(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3831c(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking ``pilot''; and
            (2) in paragraph (7)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``30 annual''; 
                and
                    (B) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``annual''.
    (b) SHIPP.--Section 1231C(b) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3831c(b)) is amended--
            (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Pilot'';
            (2) by striking ``pilot'' each place it appears;
            (3) in paragraph (1)(A)(ii)--
                    (A) by striking subclause (I); and
                    (B) by redesignating subclauses (II) and (III) as 
                subclauses (I) and (II), respectively; and
            (4) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by striking the paragraph designation and 
                heading and all that follows through ``The Secretary'' 
                in subparagraph (A) and inserting the following:
            ``(2) Establishment.--The Secretary''; and
                    (B) by striking subparagraph (B).
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--Section 1231C of the Food Security Act 
of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831c) is amended by striking the section heading 
and inserting ``clear 30 and shipp.''.

SEC. 5. RESOURCE CONSERVING USE.

    Section 1233(d) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3833(d)) is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraph (3); and
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (3).

SEC. 6. PAYMENTS.

    (a) Timing.--Section 1234(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3834(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by redesignating subparagraphs (A) 
        and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately;
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
        subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately;
            (3) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so 
        redesignated), by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Allocation of payments for 30-year contracts.--Of the 
        total amount of the payments under a contract enrolled under 
        this subchapter for a term of 30 years, the Secretary shall 
        provide--
                    ``(A) not later than the end of the first year of 
                the contract, \5/30\ of that total amount; and
                    ``(B) with respect to each of the sixth through 
                thirtieth years of the contract, \1/30\ of that total 
                amount.''.
    (b) Cost-Sharing Payments.--Section 1234(b) of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3834(b)) is amended by striking ``50'' each 
place it appears and inserting ``75''.
    (c) Annual Rental Payments.--Section 1234(d) of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3834(d)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)(B)(i)--
                    (A) by striking ``85'' and inserting ``75''; and
                    (B) by striking ``90'' and inserting ``110''; and
            (2) in paragraph (4)(E)--
                    (A) in clause (i), by striking ``85'' and inserting 
                ``75''; and
                    (B) in clause (ii), by striking ``90'' and 
                inserting ``110''.

SEC. 7. MODIFICATION OF RENTAL RATE.

    Section 1235(c) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3835(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Modification of rental rate.--With respect to a 
        contract entered into under this subchapter for a term of 30 
        years pursuant to section 1231(e)(3)--
                    ``(A) on or after the date that is 10 years after 
                the date on which the contract is entered into, the 
                owner or operator may submit to the Secretary a request 
                for a modification of the rental rate under 
                subparagraph (B); and
                    ``(B) on receipt of a request under subparagraph 
                (A), the Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) recalculate the annual rental payment 
                        amount for the contract based on the applicable 
                        rental rate published from the most recent 
                        annual survey conducted under section 
                        1234(d)(4)(A); and
                            ``(ii) modify the contract by applying the 
                        amount recalculated under clause (i) to each 
                        year remaining in the term of the contract.''.
                                 &lt;all&gt;
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