decoder and you have a reconstruction error and you minimize a reconstruction error by training this entire system now okay so in the space of codes in the z space every training sample is going to be a point okay and the house is going to be some sort of structure to that to those to those points you don't know if you add noise to each of those points which is what the factional encoded does you turn every single one of those points into a fuzzy ball right so you have a fuzzy sphere around every point now here's a problem if you give this