 adversus haereses (against heresies) is the name of a two-volume work against gnosticism (and other christian heresies), written about ad 180 by the church father irenaeus, bishop of lyon in gaul (now france). the work is also known as on the detection and overthrow of the so-called gnosis. it is sometimes confused with: *panarion (medicine-chest), also a work in opposition to heresies, written in the 300s by epiphanius of salamis. *adversus omnes haereses, an appendix to the work de praescriptionem haereticorum by tertullian, who lived c. 160âc. 225. most scholars, however, believe that the appendix is not by tertullian but was added later; it is therefore attributed to a pseudo-tertullian. 
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