   tÅ«rÄn (persian ), literally meaning "the land of the tur", is a region in central asia. the term, of iranian origin,emeri van donzel, islamic reference desk, brill academic publishers, 1994. pg 461. actual quote: iranian term applied to region lying to the northeast of iran and ultimately indicating very vaguely the country of the turkic peoples. first appears in the texts of the avesta, where the tuirya are an iranian tribe.edward a allworth,central asia: a historical overview, duke university press, 1994. pp 86i. m. diakonoff, the paths of history, cambridge university press, 1999, p. 100: "turan was one of the nomadic iranian tribes mentioned in the avesta. however, in firdousiâs poem, and in the later iranian tradition generally, the term turan is perceived as denoting 'lands inhabited by turkic speaking tribes.'"g. gnoli, zoroaster's time and homeland, naples 1980. "iranian tribes that also keep on recurring in the yasht, airyas, tuiryas, sairimas, sainus and dahis". in later times, the term subsequently evolved to be synonymous with aniran, the "non-iranian" lands, in particular with lands inhabited by the "turks" (i.e. the turkmen). this latter meaning is that found in firdousi's shahnameh. ==overview== in firdousi (building on older sources), the turanians are a people descended from tur/turaj (< turan in avestan, tuzh in zoroastrian middle persiandehkhoda dictionary: turaj), the middle son of the primordial king fereydun (< avestan thraetaona). in firdousi's version of the tale (shahnameh 1.189), after fereydun's death, the "world" is divided amongst the king's sons. of these, tur inherits the north-eastern lands adjacent to iran, which thereafter come to be called "turan" after him.e. yarshater, , encyclopaedia iranica. in the story, this partition leads to a family feud in which an alliance of the two elder sons (who together rule over the aniranian lands) battle the forces of the youngest (the iranians).edgar burke inlow. shahanshah: a study of the monarchy of iran, motilal banarsidass pub, 1979. pg 17: "faridun divided his vast empire between his three sons, iraj, the youngest receiving iran. after his murder by his brothers and the avenging manuchihr, one would have thought the matter was ended. but, the fraternal strife went on between the descendants of tur and selim (salm) and those of iraj. the former â the turanians â were the turks or tatars of central asia, seeking access to iran
History_of_Central_Asia Shahnameh