  muá¸¥ammad 'abduh (1849 â 11 july 1905) (also spelled mohammed abduh, ) was an egyptian islamic jurist, religious scholar and liberal reformer, regarded as one of the key founding figures of islamic modernism, sometimes called neo-mu'tazilism after the medieval islamic school of theology based on rationalism, mu'tazila.ahmed h. al-rahim (january 2006). "islam and liberty", journal of democracy 17 (1), p. 166-169. he broke the rigidity of the muslim ritual, dogma, and family ties. he also wrote among other things, "treatise on the oneness of god", and a commentary on the qur'an. abduh was a freemasonkarim wissa, âfreemasonry in egypt 1798-1921â³. the british society for middle eastern studies bulletin, vol.16, no.2, 1989 and had a close relationship with the bahÃ¡'Ã­ faith.juan r.i. cole. muhammad `abduh and rashid rida: a dialogue on the bahÃ¡'Ã­ faith. world order vol. 15, nos. 3-4 (spring/summer 1981):7-16. == biography == muhammad abduh was born in 1849 into a turkish father and arab mother in lower egypt (i.e. the nile delta). his family was of the egyptian elite. his father was part of the umad, or the local ruling elite. his mother mother was part of the ashraf. he was educated in tanta at a private school. when he turned thirteen, he was
1849_births 1905_deaths 19th-century_philosophers Al-Azhar_University_alumni Egyptian_Muslim_scholars Egyptian_Muslims Egyptian_jurists Egyptian_people_of_Turkish_descent Muslim_philosophers Muslim_reformers Muslim_scholars_of_Islam People_of_the_Urabi_Revolt