 the manat is the currency of turkmenistan. it was introduced on 1 november 1993, replacing the russian ruble at a rate of 1 manat = 500 ruble. the iso 4217 code was tmm and the manat was subdivided into 100 tenge. the abbreviation m is sometimes used, e.g., 25 000 m is twenty-five thousand manat. on january 1, 2009 the new manat was introduced with iso 4217 code tmt at the rate of 5000 old manat to 1 new manat. ==etymology== the word "manat" is borrowed from the russian word "Ð¼Ð¾Ð½ÐµÑÐ°" "moneta" meaning "coin". likewise, 'manat' was the name of the soviet ruble in both azeri and turkmen. ==coins== in 1993, coins were introduced in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20 and 50 tenge. the 1, 5 and 10 tenge were struck in copper-plated-steel, with the higher denominations in nickel-plated-steel. this first series of coins was short lived as their metal value soon became worth more than their actual face value. after a period of high inflation, new coins of 500 and 1,000 manat were introduced in 1999. all coins of this period had to depict a picture of the president by law. during the monetary reform of 2009, new coins of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 tenge were issued with bimetallic 1 and 2 manats following in 2010. the 1, 2, and 5 tenge are nickel plated steel while the 10, 20, and 50 tenge are made of brass. instead of depicting the current head of state the coins feature a map of turkmenistan with the independence tower superimposed in front of it. all circulating coins of turkmenistan have been minted by the royal mint. image:1 tennesi tm 1993.png|1 tenge coin image:5 tennesi tm 1993.png|
1993_introductions Circulating_currencies Currencies_of_Asia