     the history of rail transport in ireland began only a decade later than that of great britain. by its peak in 1920, ireland had 3,500 route miles (3,500&nbsp;km). the current status is less than half that amount, with a large unserviced area around the border area between northern ireland and the republic of ireland. ireland's railways are run by (iarnrÃ³d Ãireann) in the republic and northern ireland railways. the railway preservation society of ireland based in whitehead, county antrim runs preserved steam trains on the main line, with the irish traction group preserving diesel locomotives, and operating on the main line. the downpatrick & county down railway is the only self-contained full-size heritage railway in ireland. ==transport before railways== transport on a country-wide scale began in 1710 with the introduction by the general post office of mail coaches on the main routes between towns. private operators added to the routes, and an established "turnpike" road system started in the 1730s. in 1715 the irish parliament took steps to encourage inland navigation, but it was not until 1779 that the first 19&nbsp;km (12&nbsp;mi) section of the grand canal was opened. the addition of the royal canal and river navigation (particularly on the river shannon) meant that freight could be transported more easily. charles bianconi established his horse-car services in the south in 1815, the first of many such passenger-carrying operations. despite these improvements huge areas of ireland still relied on a basic road system; turnpikes were still slow and canals were expensive. ==ireland's first railway== thumb|left|300px|the dublin and kingstown line in 1837. thumb|right|dublin and kingstown railway, by john harris. although a railway between limerick and waterford had been authorised as early as 1826 (the same year as britain's first locomotive-drawn line, the liverpool and manchester railway) it wasn't until 1834 that the first railway was built, the dublin and kingstown railway (d&kr) between [[dub
Closed_railways_in_Ireland Closed_railways_in_Northern_Ireland History_of_rail_transport_by_country Rail_transport_in_Ireland Rail_transport_in_Northern_Ireland