      ==events== * 357 â battle of strasbourg: julian, caesar (deputy emperor) and supreme commander of the roman army in gaul, wins an important victory against the alemanni at strasbourg (argentoratum). * 766 - emperor constantine v humiliates nineteen high-ranking officials, after discovering a plot against him. he executes the leaders, constantine podopagouros and his brother strategios. *1248 &ndash; the dutch city of ommen receives city rights and fortification rights from otto iii, the archbishop of utrecht. *1258 &ndash; regent george mouzalon and his brothers are killed during a coup headed by the aristocratic faction under, paving the way for its leader, michael viii palaiologos, to ultimately usurp the throne of the empire of nicaea. *1537 &ndash; the honourable artillery company, the oldest surviving regiment in the british army, and the second most senior, is formed. *1580 &ndash; battle of alcÃ¢ntara. spain defeats portugal. *1609 &ndash; galileo galilei demonstrates his first telescope to venetian lawmakers. *1630 &ndash; portuguese forces are defeated by the kingdom of kandy at the battle of randeniwela in sri lanka. *1758 &ndash; seven years' war: frederick ii of prussia defeats the russian army at the battle of zorndorf. *1768 &ndash; james cook begins his first voyage. *1825 &ndash; uruguay declares its independence from brazil. *1830 &ndash; the belgian revolution begins. *1835 &ndash; the new york sun perpetrates the great moon hoax. *1875 &ndash; captain matthew webb became the first person to swim across the english channel, traveling from dover, england, to calais, france, in 22 hours. *1883 &ndash; france and viet nam sign the treaty of huáº¿, recognizing a french protectorate over annam and tonkin. *1894 &ndash; kitasato shibasaburÅ discovers the infectious agent of the bubonic plague and publishes his findings in the lancet. *1898 &ndash; seven hundred greek civilians, 17 british guards and the british consul of crete are killed by a turkish mob in heraklion, greece. *1912 &ndash; the kuomintang, the chinese nationalist party, is founded. *1914 &ndash; world war i: the library of the [[catholic university of leuven (1834â1968)|catholic university of leuv
August Days_of_the_year