 cwmcarn is a village situated in the ebbw valley in south wales, in the historic boundaries of monmouthshire. it grew with 19th-century coal mining, but is now known for its extensive mature forestry and greenery, that attract thousands of visitors and mountain biking enthusiasts each year. == pre-industrial history == significant settlement at cwmcarn came with bronze age migration of local tribes from the  gwent levels to the uplands of mynydd y grug, mynydd machen and mynydd maen (twmbarlwm) and led to a later iron age (900&ndash;55 bc) hillfort to be constructed by the silures on twmbarlwm. roman forces took control of most of what became the roman province of britannia superior in 43 ad but then took a further 25 years to gain control of the present day south wales valleys. roman control remained established until full scale withdrawal in the 5th century ad when the kingdoms of gwent and glywysing were established. gwent was defined as the land between the river usk and the river wye and glywysing, the land between the river usk and the river tawe. cwmcarn, located where the carn and ebbw river valleys meet, being situated within the welsh kingdom of glywysing. the welsh placename of cwmcarn came about in 942 when llywarch ap cadogan gave villa treficarn pont ('estate near the bridge over the carn') to a bishop of llandaff named wulfrith with king cadell's guarantee, i.e. the place where the carn meets the ebbw (now cwmcarn). following the norman invasion of wales the separate townships of abercarn, cwmcarn and newbridge were given a manorial title of abercarne. the three townships were also within the boundaries of the ancient parish of mynyddislwyn and remained therein up until comparatively recent times. == economic activity == === coal mining === cwmcarn lies at the south-eastern edge of the south wales coalfield. the colliery development in the cwmcarn area started in 1836, when a single shallow, 180ft downshaft, the abercarn no.6., was sunk into the rock (or tillery) seam, for the nea
Villages_in_Caerphilly_county_borough