 a hudna (from the arabic  meaning "calm" or "quiet") is a truce or armistice. it is sometimes mistranslated as "cease-fire". in his medieval dictionary of classical arabic, the lisan al-arab, ibn al-manzur defined it as: : "hadana: he grew quiet.&nbsp; hadina: he quieted (transitive or intransitive).&nbsp; haadana: he made peace with.&nbsp; the noun from each of these is hudna." a famous early hudna was the treaty of hudaybiyyah between muhammad and the quraysh tribe. ==hudna in the israeliâpalestinian conflict==  in english, the term is most frequently used in reference to a cease-fire agreement in the israeli-palestinian conflict, particularly one that would involve organizations such as hamas. the concept of hudna was introduced to the conflict by the israeli businessman eyal erlich in 2001, after seeing a hudna being declared in order to calm a feud in jordan (cf. haaretz, january 2, 2002); he and some others proposed, unsuccessfully, that israel should suggest a mutual hudna as a prelude to a more lasting peace. despite the israeli government's rejection of the idea, in summer 2003âfollowing pressure from abu mazen and egyptâhamas and islamic jihad unilaterally declared a 45-day ceasefire, or hudna. its proponents commonly argued that such a cease-fire would allow hostility to die down and make a full reconciliation possible; its opponents commonly argued that it would be a mere tactical maneuver enabling palestinian groups to re-group and muster their strength in preparation for further attacks on israelis, or israel to continue expanding settlements, blockading palestinian towns, and arresting members of such groups. the hudna started on 29 june 2003. in an idf operation to arrest hamas militants, a gunfight broke out in which an israeli soldier and two alleged hamas militants were killed. hamas responded with a suicide bombing on august 12, killing one israeli civilian. fatah claimed responsibility for a second suicide bombing on august 12 killing another israeli citizen. despite this de facto violation of the hudna, hamas stated that the cease-fire would continue. hostilities then escalated: the israeli army killed islamic jihad's muhammad seeder on august 14; the jerusalem bus 2 massacre by hamas an
Arabic_words_and_phrases IsraeliaPalestinian_peace_process Laws_of_war