 kirshenbaum, sometimes called ascii-ipa or erkipa, is a system used to represent the international phonetic alphabet (ipa) in ascii. this way it allows typewriting ipa-symbols by regular keyboard. it was developed for usenet, notably the newsgroups sci.lang and alt.usage.english. it is named after evan kirshenbaum, who led the collaboration that created it. the system uses almost all lower-case letters to represent the directly corresponding ipa character, but unlike x-sampa has the notable exception of the letter 'r'. examples where the two systems have a different mapping between characters and sounds are: {| class=wikitable ! sound !! ipa !! x-sampa !! kirshenbaum |- | alveolar trill ||  || r || r&lt;trl&gt; |- | alveolar approximant ||  || r\ || r |- | near-open front unrounded vowel ||  || { || &amp; |- | open back rounded vowel ||  || q || a. |- | open-mid central unrounded vowel ||  || 3 || v" |- | primary stress ||  || " || ' |- | secondary stress ||  || % || , |} ==kirshenbaum charts of consonants and vowels== this chart is based on information provided in the kirshenbaum specification.,http://www.kirshenbaum.net/ipa/ascii-ipa.pdfhttp://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/evan_kirshenbaum/ipa/faq.html it may also be helpful to compare it to the sampa chart or x-sampa chart. ===consonant chart=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+ kirshenbaum chart of consonants (the paired signs are voiceless/voiced consonants) |- style="vertical-align: center; font-size: x-small; height: 2em" | rowspan=2 style="font-size: 90%;" | place of articulation â ! colspan=2 | labial ! colspan=4 | coronal ! colspan=4 | dorsal ! colspan=1 | radical ! colspan=1 rowspan=3 style="width: 4em;" | glottal ! colspan=1 rowspan=3 style="width: 4em;" | alveolar laterals |- style="vertical-align: center; font-size: x-small; height: 3em" ! rowspan=2 style="width: 4em;" | bilabial ! rowspan=2 style="width: 4em;" | labioâdental ! rowspan=2 style="width: 4em;" | dental ! rowspan=2 style="width: 4em;" | alveolar ! rowspan=2 style="width: 4em;" | retroâflex ! rowspan=2 style="width: 4em;" | palatoâalveolar ! rowspan=2 style="width: 4em;" | palatal ! rowspan=2 style="width: 4em;" | velar ! rowspan=2 style="width: 
ASCII Phonetic_alphabets