 == the rise of single-parent homes == the number of children living in single-parent households has increased dramatically since the 1960s. approximately 9% of children under 18 lived with a single parent in 1960;sigle-rushton, w. and mclanahan, s. "father absence and child well-being: a critical review" (october 2002), p. 2. online. available: http://www-cpr.maxwell.syr.edu/moynihan-smeedingconference/mclanahan-siglerushton.pdf. accessed: june 7, 2004. by 2007 this rate increased to nearly 32%.kids count indicator brief: increasing the percentage of kids living in two-parent families the largest growth occurred between 1970 and 1985, when the growth of single-mother families leveled off.sigle-rushton, w. and mclanahan, s. "father absence and child well-being: a critical review" (october 2002). this shift is attributed to a variety of widely recognized social changes that occurred in american society in the 1960s and 1970s: changing sexual morals increased the prevalence of sexual activity outside of marriage and decreased the stigma surrounding out-of-wedlock births; american attitudes about marriage and divorce changed; and women made economic gains that increased their independence and ability to leave unhappy marriages. while the social science community of the 1960s and 1970s initially regarded single-mother households as âjust another alternative family form,â evidence began to surface in the late 1970s demonstrating that children raised in households where the father was absent were disadvantaged relative to other children.dafoe whitehead, b. âdan quayle was right,â atlantic monthly vol. 271, no. 4 (april 1993); sigle-rushton and mclanahan, "low-income fathers and child support", pp. 1-2. in 2008 in the united states there were an estimated 28 million children growing up in households without fathers.washingtonexaminer.com may 7, 2009 page 44 == the rise of the responsible fatherhood movement in the u.s. == along with the changes in family formation in the latter part of the 20th century, the issue of healthy, responsible fatherhood also began to gain attention. in 1974, dr. james a. levine published who will raise the children? new options for fathers (and mothers).levine, james a., who will raise the children? : new options for fathers (and mothers), 1976 isbn 978-0-397-01120-9 in this report, "levine suggested that the long-term goal of equal opportunity for women in american society would never be achieved without serious and meaningful recognition of the significance, interest, and responsibility of fathers in children's lives. levine called for changes in major social institutions, changes in how families raise boys and girls, and changes in the mutual expectations of men and women a
Fatherhood Parenting