    the liberation through hearing during the intermediate state or bardo tÃ¶drÃ¶l ( "liminality" or "threshold"; thos grol "liberation"fremantle (2001: p.21): "liberation is synonymous with the sanskrit word bodhi, which means awakening, understanding, or enlightenment, and with nirvana, which means blowing out or extinction: the extinction of illusion."), sometimes translated as liberation through hearing or transliterated as bardo thodol, is a funerary text. it is often referred to in the west by the more casual title, tibetan book of the dead, a name which draws a parallel with the ancient egyptian book of the dead, another funerary text. the tibetan text describes, and is intended to guide one through, the experiences that the consciousness has after death, during the interval between death and the next rebirth. this interval is known in tibetan as the bardo. the text also includes chapters on the signs of death and rituals to undertake when death is closing in or has taken place. it is the most internationally famous and widespread work of nyingma literature. however, despite knowledge of texts and practices related to the bardo - the book as found in the west is virtually unknown in tibet in the title or form. ==title== this text is commonly known by its western title: the tibetan book of the dead, a title popularized by walter evans-wentz's translation. however, fremantle (2001: p.&nbsp;20) states: {{quote|...there is in fact no single tibetan title corresponding to the tibetan book of the dead.information about these texts and others relating to death can be found in detlef ingo lauf, secret doctrines of the tibetan books of the dead. boulder, shambhala, 1977. the overall name given to the whole terma cycle is profound dharma of self-liberation through the intention of the peaceful and wrathful ones, and it is popularly known as karma lingpa's peaceful and wrathful ones.in tibetan, zab chos zhi khro dgongs pa rang grol and kar gling zhi khro. it has been handed down through the centuries in several versions containing varying numbers of sections and subsections, arranged in di
Cultural_aspects_of_death Nyingma Religion_and_death Tibetan_Buddhist_texts