  somalia is a country located in the horn of africa. it is bordered by ethiopia to the west, djibouti to the northwest, the gulf of aden to the north, the indian ocean to the east, and kenya to the southwest. with a land area of 637,540 square kilometers, somalia's terrain consists mainly of plateaus, plains and highlands. its coastline is more than 3,025 kilometers in length, the longest of mainland africa and the middle east. in the far north, the rugged east-west ranges of the ogo mountains lie at varying distances from the gulf of aden coast. hot conditions prevail year-round, along with periodic monsoon winds and irregular rainfall. geology suggests the presence of valuable mineral deposits. ==climate== due to somalia's proximity to the equator, there is not much seasonal variation in its climate. however, there are some very unpredictable rainfalls that occur sometimes. hot conditions prevail year-round along with monsoon (periodic seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation) winds and irregular rainfall. mean daily maximum temperatures range from , except at higher elevations and along the eastern seaboard, where the effects of a cold offshore current can be felt. in mogadishu, for instance, average afternoon highs range from  to  in april. some of the highest mean annual temperatures in the world have been recorded in the country; berbera on the northwestern coast has an afternoon high that averages more than  from june through september. nation
Afrotropic_ecozone Deserts_and_xeric_shrublands Geography_of_Somalia