  klaus von klitzing (28 june 1943 in schroda) is a german physicist known for discovery of the integer quantum hall effect, for which he was awarded the 1985 nobel prize in physics. in 1962, von klitzing passed the abitur at artland gymnasium in quakenbrÃ¼ck, germany, before studying physics at the braunschweig university of technology, where he received his diploma in 1969. he continued his studies at the university of wÃ¼rzburg at the chair of gottfried landwehr, completing his phd thesis galvanomagnetic properties of tellurium in strong magnetic fields in 1972, and habilitation in 1978. this work was performed at the clarendon laboratory in oxford and the grenoble high magnetic field laboratory in france (now lncmi), where he continued to work until becoming a professor at the technical university of munich in 1980. von klitzing has been a director of the max planck institute for solid state research in stuttgart since 1985. the von klitzing constant, rk = h/e2 = , is named in honor of von klitzing's discovery of the quantum hall effect, and is listed in the national institute of standards and technology reference on constants, units, and uncertainty. the inverse of the von klitzing constant is equal to half that of the conductance quantum value. today, von klitzing's research focuses on the properties of low-dimensional electronic systems, typically in low temperatures and in high magnetic fields. ==honours and awards==  * 1981 walter schottky prize * 1982 hewlett-packard prize * 1985 nobel prize in physics * 1985 directorate for life at the max planck institute for solid state research * 1986 order of merit of baden-wÃ¼rttemberg * 1988 honorary doctorate from the technical university of karl-marx-stadt * 1988 bavarian maximilian order for science and art * 1988 dirac medal * 1992 honorary degree (doctor of science) from the university of bath{{cite web |url= http://www.bath.ac.uk/ceremonies/hongrads/ |title=honorary graduates
1943_births Braunschweig_University_of_Technology_alumni Foreign_Members_of_the_Royal_Society Foreign_Members_of_the_Russian_Academy_of_Sciences German_Nobel_laureates German_Roman_Catholics German_physicists Living_people Max_Planck_Society_people Members_of_the_Bavarian_Maximilian_Order_for_Science_and_Art Members_of_the_Chinese_Academy_of_Sciences Members_of_the_Pontifical_Academy_of_Sciences Members_of_the_United_States_National_Academy_of_Sciences Nobel_laureates_in_Physics People_from_Aroda_Wielkopolska Recipients_of_the_Austrian_Decoration_for_Science_and_Art Recipients_of_the_Order_of_Merit_of_Baden-WA 1/4 rttemberg Semiconductor_physicists Technische_UniversitA$?t_MA 1/4 nchen_faculty University_of_WA 1/4 rzburg_alumni