   lusatia (, , , ) is a historical region in central europe. it stretches from the bÃ³br and kwisa rivers in the east to the elbe valley in the west, today located within the german states of saxony and brandenburg as well as in the lower silesian and lubusz voivodeships of western poland. after the conquest of eastern germany by the soviet army and the partition in 1945, the eastern part of lusatia along the lusatian neisse river was handed over to poland where the boundary is called the oderâneisse line. in the polish part polish is spoken, and in the german part german, upper- and lower sorbian. the biggest lusatian town is cottbus/chÃ³Åebuz. the name derives from the sorbian word luzicy meaning "swamps" or "water-hole". == geography == 220px|thumb|geographic location of lusatia.  lusatia comprises two both scenically and historically different parts: a hilly southern "upper" section and a "lower" region, which belongs to the north european plain. the border between upper and lower lusatia is roughly marked by the course of the schwarze elster river at senftenberg and its eastern continuation toward the silesian town of przewÃ³z on the lusatian neisse. neighbouring regions were silesia in the east, bohemia in the south, the margraviate of meissen and the duchy of saxe-wittenberg in the west as well as the margraviate of brandenburg (mittelmark) in the north. ===upper lusatia===  upper lusatia (oberlausitz or hornja ÅuÅ¾ica) is today part of the german state of saxony, except for a small part east of the neisse river around lubaÅ, which now belongs to the polish lower silesian voivodeship. it consists of hilly countryside rising in the south to the lusatian highlands near the czech border, and then even higher to form the zittau hills, the small northern part of the lusatian mountains (luÅ¾ickÃ© hory/lausitzer gebirge) in the czech republic. upper lusatia is characterised by fertile soil and undulating hills as well as by historic towns and cities such as bautzen, gÃ¶rlitz, zittau, lÃ¶bau, kamenz, lubaÅ, bischofswerda, herrnhut, [[
Former_duchies_of_the_Kingdom_of_Bohemia Geography_of_Brandenburg Historical_regions_in_Germany Historical_regions_in_Poland Lusatia Regions_of_Saxony