 the sardana (, ; plural sardanes) is a type of circle dance typical of catalonia. the dance was originally from the empordÃ  region, but started gaining popularity throughout catalonia during the 20th century. there are two main types, the original sardana curta (short sardana) style and the more modern sardana llarga (long sardana), which is more popular. other more unusual sardanes are the sardana de lluÃ¯ment and the sardana revessa. ==history== the origin of the sardana is not clear. some say that it was already popular in the 16th century. what remains undisputed is that the sardana was a popular dance in the empordÃ  region by the end of the 19th century. contributing to its mounting popularity by this time were the additions from similarly popular genres such as zarzuela and the popular italian operas of the time, which increasingly made the sardana a fad dance. as the rise of the sardana took place, in the context of the renaixenÃ§a or newborn catalan nationalism, the origins of the dance were embellished in order to symbolize a distinct catalan ethos as to serve catalan nationalism. modern choreography was established as late as the end of the 19th century and features slight differences from the original north-catalonian dance. pep ventura's band is credited for stabilizing different variants around a clear 6/8 rhythm and fixing the instrumental ensemble. though some iberian and mediterranean circle dances follow similar patterns, instrumental music for the sardana has achieved a complexity of its own. in the year 2010, the generalitat de catalunya (catalonia government) added the sardana to the catÃ leg del patrimoni festiu de catalunya (catalonia's festivities heritage catalogue) and declared it a festivity of national interest. ==sardana band== music for the sardana is played by a cobla, a band consisting of 10 wind instruments, double bass and a tamborÃ­ (very small drum) played by 11 musicians. the cobla has five woodwind instruments: the flabiol which is a small fipple flute, and the tenora and tible (two of each) which belong to the oboe family. these and the tamborÃ­ are typical catalan instruments. the brass instruments include: two trumpets, two fiscorns, and a trombone (usually a valve trombone). the double bass was traditionally a thre
Circle_dances Sardana Spanish_dances