 verrucomicrobia is a recently described phylum of bacteria. this phylum contains only a few described species (verrucomicrobium spinosum, is an example, the phylum is named after this). the species identified have been isolated from fresh water and soil environments and human faeces. a number of as-yet uncultivated species have been identified in association with eukaryotic hosts including extrusive explosive ectosymbionts of protists and endosymbionts of nematodes residing in their gametes. while verrucae is another name for the warts often found on hands and feet, this phylum is so called not because it is a causative agent thereof, but because of its wart-like morphology. evidence suggests that verrucomicrobia are abundant within the environment, and important (especially to soil cultures). this phylum is considered to have two sister phyla: chlamydiae and lentisphaerae.{{cite journal | author = cho j, vergin k, morris r, giovannoni s | title = lentisphaera araneosa gen. nov., sp. nov, a transparent exopolymer producing marine bacterium, and 
Bacteria_phyla Bergey\'s_volume_4