 thumb|the alex in southend-on-sea is an example of a chain pub - in this case a "scream" managed pub targeted at university students. a pub chain is a group of pubs or bars with a brand image. the brand may be owned outright by one company, or there may be multiple financiers; the chain may be a division within a larger company, or may be a single operation. examples include chef & brewer, wetherspoons, walkabout, taylor walker pubs and all bar one. pubs in the chain are typically branded with the same name, however the former "firkin" pubs tended to be variations on a theme including the word firkin in the title. wetherspoons pubs have individual names, with the wetherspoons brand prominently displayed. ==types== in the united kingdom, there are two types of pub chain, reflecting the ownership of the pub and the style of operations. pubs are either tenanted or managed. pub chains such as punch taverns and enterprise inns own thousands of tenanted pubs which are not branded to retain uniqueness. they are controlled in the brands of beer, ales and lagers and sometimescommon knowledge for tied contracts other beverages that they may sell. pub chains operating managed houses are frequently run as brands, located near a high street but rarely in predominantly residential areas. multiple-held pubs do exist in countries other than the united kingdom, but due to most countries having different accepted systems of ownership and supply, they do not hold anywhere near the level of control over the market as they do in the uk. == managed pub companies ==  ;atmosphere bars and clubs ltd: the "chicago rock cafe" and "jumpin jaks" night-club/pub brands were created by luminar leisure in 1989, and the chicago rock cafe concept meant the luminar group became the most successful leisure company of the early 1990s.the makings of luminar, the luminar staff and shareholder handbook, 2005, page 1 however, the group found the night-club/pub concept increasingly difficult to keep in profit, and in december 2006 created 3d entertainment, in a Â£79m sale and leaseback deal in which it retained a 49% share, to take over the night-club/pub brands,{{cite web |url=http://www.caterersearch.com/articles/2008/07/22/322250/chicago-rock-caf233-owner-interested-
Pub_chains Public_houses_in_the_United_Kingdom