 the republic and canton of the jura (), also known as the canton of jura or canton jura, is one of the cantons of switzerland. it is the newest (created in 1979) of the 26 swiss cantons, located in the northwestern part of switzerland. the capital is delÃ©mont. it shares borders with the canton of basel-landschaft, the canton of bern, the canton neuchÃ¢tel, the canton of solothurn and the french dÃ©partement of doubs. ==history==   the king of burgundy donated much of the land that today makes up canton jura to the bishop of basel in 999. the area was a sovereign state within the holy roman empire for more than 800 years. after the treaty of westphalia in 1648 the jura had close ties with the swiss confederation. at the congress of vienna (1815), the jura region became part of the canton of bern. this act caused dissention. the jura was french-speaking and roman catholic, whereas the canton of bern was mostly german-speaking and protestant. after world war ii, a separatist movement campaigned for a secession of jura from the canton of bern. after a long and partly militant struggle, which included some arson attacks by a youth organisation les bÃ©liers, a constitution was accepted in 1977. in 1978 the split was made official when the swiss people voted in favour of it, and in 1979 the jura joined the swiss confederation as a full member. it celebrates its independence from the canton of bern on 23 june. however, the southern part of the jura region, which is also predominantly french-speaking but has a protestant majority, opted not to join the newly formed canton, and instead remained part of the canton of bern. this decision may seem somewhat strange from a linguistic standpoint. however this choice may have been influenced by the fact that the canton of bern is financially richer and is at the heart of federal power in switzerland. the area is now known as bernese jura. the word jura, therefore, may refer either to canton jura, 
1979_establishments_in_Switzerland Canton_of_Jura Cantons_of_Switzerland