  pedro pablo ramirez machuca (january 30, 1884 &ndash; may 12, 1962) was de facto president of argentina from june 7, 1943 to february 24, 1944. he was the founder and leader of guardia nacional, argentina's fascist militia.current biography 1943, p. 608 after graduating from the argentine military college in 1904 as a second lieutenant, ramÃ­rez was promoted in 1910 as first lieutenant of the cavalry. in 1911, he was sent to germany for training with the fifth hussars cavalry in kaiser wilhelm's prussian army. he returned home in 1913, with a german wife, and prior to the outbreak of world war one.current biography 1943, pp. 608-611 advancing in rank as a specialist in cavalry tactics, he assisted fellow general josÃ© fÃ©lix uriburu in a fascist coup that deposed hipÃ³lito yrigoyen in 1930. ramÃ­rez was sent to rome to observe mussolini's army until his return in 1932. when uriburu set free elections and was voted out of office, general ramÃ­rez worked behind the scenes to plan a return of fascism to argentina. over the next several years, he organized the milicia nacionalista (later the guardia), and authored a program for a state ruled by the militia. in 1942, ramÃ­rez was appointed as war minister by president ramÃ³n castillo, and began to reorganize the argentine army. at the same time, the guardia nacional joined with another party to form "recuperacion nacional," a fascist political party. castillo fired ramÃ­rez following a cabinet meeting on may 18, 1943. two weeks later, on june 4, 1943, ramÃ­rez assisted arturo rawson in overthrowing castillo's government, and was again made minister of war. three days later, on june 7 ramÃ­rez forced rawson's resignation and maintained argentina's neutrality during world war ii. argentina was torn by then between britain, who wanted the country to stay neutral, and the us, who wanted it to join the allies. ramÃ­rez stayed neutral and, consequently, the united states refused requests for lend-lease aid. argentina finally declared war on german
1884_births 1962_deaths Argentine_generals Argentine_people_of_Spanish_descent Burials_at_La_Chacarita_Cemetery Fascist_rulers Leaders_ousted_by_a_coup Leaders_who_took_power_by_coup People_from_Entre_RAos_Province Presidents_of_Argentina World_War_II_political_leaders