   the basel convention on the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes and their disposal, usually known as the basel convention, is an international treaty that was designed to reduce the movements of hazardous waste between nations, and specifically to prevent transfer of hazardous waste from developed to less developed countries (ldcs). it does not, however, address the movement of radioactive waste. the convention is also intended to minimize the amount and toxicity of wastes generated, to ensure their environmentally sound management as closely as possible to the source of generation, and to assist ldcs in environmentally sound management of the hazardous and other wastes they generate. the convention was opened for signature on 22 march 1989, and entered into force on 5 may 1992. as of february 2014, 180 states and the european union are parties to the convention. afghanistan, haiti and the united states have signed the convention but not ratified it."parties to the basel convention," basel convention website. accessed: may 31, 2013. ==history== with the tightening of environmental laws (for example, rcra) in developed nations in the 1970s, disposal costs for hazardous waste rose dramatically. at the same time, globalization of shipping made transboundary movement of waste more accessible, and many ldcs were desperate for foreign currency. consequently, the trade in hazardous waste, particularly to ldcs, grew rapidly. one of the incidents which led to the creation of the basel convention was the khian sea waste disposal incident, in which a ship carrying incinerator ash from the city of philadel
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