 thumb|250px|styria within austria-hungary (number 12)  the history of styria concerns the region roughly corresponding to the modern austrian state of styria and the slovene region of styria (Å tajerska) from its settlement by germans and slavs in the dark ages until the present. this mountainous and scenic region, which became a centre for mountaineering in the 19th century, is often called the "green march", because half of the area is covered with forests and one quarter with meadows, grasslands, vineyards and orchards. styria is also rich in minerals, soft coal and iron, which has been mined at erzberg since the time of the romans. the slovenske gorice/windisch bÃ¼heln ("slovene hills") is a famous wine-producing district, stretching between slovenia and austria. styria was for long the most densely populated and productive mountain region in europe. styria's population before world war i was 68% german-speaking, 32% slovene, bordered on (clockwise) lower austria, hungary, croatia, carniola, carinthia, salzburg, and upper austria. in 1918 after world war i the southern, slovene-speaking third south of the river mur was incorporated into slovenia in the kingdom of serbs, croats and slovenes. the remaining two-thirds became the austrian federal state of styria, while the slovene-speaking third (lower styria) formed the informal region of Å tajerska in slovenia, now divided up into the statistical eu regions of podravska, savinjska and the major part of slovenian carinthia."clickable map of slovenia" the capital both of the duchy and the austrian state has always been graz, which is now also the residence of the governor and the seat of the administration of the land. ==political history== ===prehistory to charlemagne=== the roman history of styria is as part of noricum and pannonia, with the romanized celtic population of the taurisci. during the great migrations, various germanic tribes settled and/or traversed the region using the river valleys and low passes, but about 600 ce the slavs took possession of the area and settled assimilating the remaining autochthonous romanized population. when styria came under the hegemony of charlemagne as a part of carantania (carinthia), erected as a border territory against the avars and slavs, there was a large influx of bavarii and other christianized germanic peoples, 
1180_establishments History_of_Austria History_of_the_Alps House_of_Habsburg Margraves_of_Styria States_of_the_German_Confederation States_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire Styria