    ==events== *539 bc &ndash; cyrus the great marches into the city of babylon, releasing the jews from almost 70 years of exile. cyrus allows the jews to return to yehud medinata and rebuild the temple in jerusalem. * 456 &ndash; battle of placentia: ricimer, supported by majorian (comes domesticorum), defeats the roman usurper avitus near piacenza (northern italy) . *1091 &ndash; london tornado of 1091: a tornado thought to be of strength t8/f4 strikes the heart of london. *1346 &ndash; battle of neville's cross: king david ii of scotland is captured by the english near durham, and imprisoned in the tower of london for eleven years. *1448 &ndash; second battle of kosovo, where the mainly hungarian army led by john hunyadi is defeated by an ottoman army led by sultan murad ii. *1456 &ndash; the university of greifswald is established, making it the second oldest university in northern europe (also for a period the oldest in sweden, and prussia). *1558 &ndash; poczta polska, the polish postal service, is founded. *1604 &ndash; kepler's supernova: german astronomer johannes kepler observes a supernova in the constellation ophiuchus. *1610 &ndash; french king louis xiii is crowned in reims cathedral. *1660 &ndash; nine regicides, the men who signed the death warrant of charles i, are hanged, drawn and quartered. *1662 &ndash; charles ii of england sells dunkirk to france for 40,000 pounds. *1771 &ndash; premiere in milan of the opera ascanio in alba, composed by wolfgang amadeus mozart, age 15. *1777 &ndash; american revolutionary war: british general john burgoyne surrenders his army at saratoga, new york. *1781 &ndash; american revolutionary war: british general lord charles cornwallis surrenders at the siege of yorktown. *1800 &ndash; britain takes control of the dutch colony of curaÃ§ao. *1806 &ndash; former leader of the haitian revolution, emperor jacques i of haiti is assassinated after an oppressive rule. *1814 &ndash; london beer flood occurs in london, killing eight. *1860 &ndash; first the open championship (referred to in north america as the british open). *1861 &ndash; nineteen people are killed in the cullin-la-ringo massacre, the deadliest massacre
Days_of_the_year October