 spintronics (a portmanteau meaning "spin transport electronics"physics profile: "stu wolf: true d! hollywood story"spintronics: a spin-based electronics vision for the future. sciencemag.org (16 november 2001). retrieved on 21 october 2013.), also known as spinelectronics or fluxtronic, is an emerging technology exploiting both the intrinsic spin of the electron and its associated magnetic moment, in addition to its fundamental electronic charge, in solid-state devices. spintronics differs from the older magnetoelectronics, in that the spins are not only manipulated by magnetic fields, but also by electrical fields. ==history== spintronics emerged from discoveries in the 1980s concerning spin-dependent electron transport phenomena in solid-state devices. this includes the observation of spin-polarized electron injection from a ferromagnetic metal to a normal metal by johnson and silsbee (1985), and the discovery of giant magnetoresistance independently by albert fert et al. and peter grÃ¼nberg et al. (1988). the origins of spintronics can be traced back even further to the ferromagnet/superconductor tunneling experiments pioneered by meservey and tedrow, and initial experiments on magnetic tunnel junctions by julliere in the 1970s. the use of semiconductors for spintronics can be traced back at least as far as the theoretical proposal of a spin field-effect-transistor by datta and das in 1990. == theory ==  the spin of the electron is an angular momentum intrinsic to the electron that is separate from the angular momentum due to its orbital motion. the magnitude of the projection of the electron's spin along an arbitrary axis is \frac{1}{2}\hbar, implying that the electron acts as a fermion by the spin-statistics theorem. like orbital angular momentum, the spin has an associated magnetic moment, the magnitude of which is expressed as :\mu=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\frac{q}{m_e}\hbar. in a solid the spins of many electrons can act together to affect the magnetic and electronic properties of a material, for example endowing a material with a permanent magnetic moment a
Emerging_technologies Spintronics Theoretical_computer_science