 thumb|julian marchlewski julian baltazar marchlewski (may 17, 1866 â march 22, 1925) was a polish communist. he was also known under the aliases karski and kujawiak. ==life and career== julian marchlewski was born in wÅocÅawek into a polish family. in 1889 he co-founded the polish workers' union. in 1893 he co-founded the social democratic party of the kingdom of poland and lithuania with rosa luxembourg. he took part in the russian revolution of 1905 in the polish territories. in 1906, he joined the bolsheviks. after the failure of the revolution he emigrated to germany. during world war i, he participated in the german social democratic movement and was a co-founder of its left-wing. he was arrested and later exchanged with russia for a german spy. in 1919, during the polish-soviet war, he took part in the negotiations with poland. during the red army counterattack under mikhail tukhachevsky, he headed the polish provisional revolutionary committee (tymczasowy komitet rewolucyjny polski) in biaÅystok in 1920, which planned to declare the polish soviet socialist republic. he was the first rector of the communist university of the national minorities of the west. as an economist, he was an expert in agriculture and took part in the preparation of the bolshevik program with respect to the peasantry. he published a number of scientific and ideological works. he died near nervi, italy in 1925 during a vacation. his daughter sonja was the second wife of the artist heinrich vogeler. in 1926, he was the namesake for the polish national raion in ukraine (marchlewszczyzna), with the capital at marchlewsk (known before and after as dovbysh and shchorsk). (a similar polish district of dzierÅ¼yÅszczyzna, after felix dzerzhinsky was in belarus). warsaw's jan paweÅ ii street was formerly called marchlewski street. == references ==    
1866_births 1925_deaths Communist_Party_of_Germany_politicians Ethnic_Poles_in_Russia_and_the_Soviet_Union Executive_Committee_of_the_Communist_International Old_Bolsheviks People_from_Congress_Poland People_from_WAocAawek Polish_revolutionaries Prisoners_and_detainees_of_Germany Social_Democracy_of_the_Kingdom_of_Poland_and_Lithuania_politicians Soviet_politicians