 thumb|right|friedrich august wolf friedrich august wolf (; 15 february 1759 &ndash; 8 august 1824) was a german philologist and critic. ==biography== he was born at hainrode, a village not far from nordhausen. his father was the village schoolmaster and organist. in time the family moved to nordhausen, and there young wolf went to the grammar school, where he soon acquired all the latin and greek that the masters could teach him, besides learning french, italian, spanish, and music. in 1777, after two years of independent study, at the age of eighteen, wolf went to the university of gÃ¶ttingen. there is a legend that his first act there was a prophecy: he chose a "faculty" which did not yet exist, that of "philology"; this omen was accepted, and he was enrolled as he desired. christian gottlob heyne was then the leading light at gÃ¶ttingen, and wolf and he were not on good terms. heyne excluded him from his lectures, and brusquely condemned wolf's views on homer. wolf, however, pursued his studies in the university library, from which he borrowed with his usual avidity. during the period 1779 to 1783 wolf taught, first at ilfeld, then at osterode. his success as a teacher was striking, and he found time to publish an edition of the symposium of plato, which excited notice, and led to his promotion (1783) to a chair in the prussian university of halle. this was a critical time. the literary impulse of the renaissance was almost spent; scholarship had become dry and trivial. a new school, that of john locke and jean-jacques rousseau, tried to make teaching more modern and more human, but at the sacrifice of mental discipline and scientific aim. wolf threw himself into the contest on the side of antiquity. in halle (1783â1807), by the force of his will and the enlightened aid of the ministers of frederick the great, he was able to carry out his long-cherished ideas and found the science of philology. wolf defined philology broadly as "knowledge of human nature as exhibited in antiquity." the matter of such a science, he held, must be sought in the history and education of some highly cultivated nation, to be studied in written remains, works of art, and whatever else bears the stamp of national thought or skill. it has therefore to do with both history and language, but primarily as a science of interpretation, in which historical and linguistic facts take their place in an organic whole. such was the ideal which wolf had in his mind when he established the philological seminarium at halle. wolf's writings are few, and were always subordinate 
1759_births 1824_deaths German_classical_scholars German_philologists Hellenists Members_of_the_Prussian_Academy_of_Sciences People_from_SA 1/4 dharz University_of_GAPttingen_alumni University_of_Halle_faculty