 the year 1863 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. ==chemistry== * friedrich bayer founds the chemical manufacturing company of bayer at barmen in germany. * teerfarbenfabrik meister, lucius & co. of hÃ¶chst (frankfurt) in germany produce a green dye from coal tar. ==life sciences== * max schultze advances cell theory with the observation that animal and vegetable protoplasm are identical.das protoplasma der rhizopoden und der pflanzenzellen; ein beitrÃ¤g zur theorie der zelle. * henry walter bates publishes the naturalist on the river amazons. ==medicine== * february 17 â first meeting of what will become the international committee of the red cross is held in geneva, switzerland, following the lead of humanitarian henry dunant. * william banting publishes letter on corpulence, addressed to the public in london, the first popular low-carbohydrate diet. * ivan sechenov publishes refleksy golovnogo mozga ("reflexes of the brain").meditsinsky vestnik 47â48. ==meteorology== * the paris observatory begins to publish weather maps. ==paleontology== * richard owen publishes the first description of a fossilised bird, archaeopteryx. ==physics== * january â john tyndall first explains the workings of the greenhouse effect.in a public lecture, "on radiation through the earth's atmosphere", reprinted in his book contributions to molecular physics in the domain of radiant heat (1872). ==technology== * february 10 â alanson crane patents a fire extinguisher. * july â the tiny confederate states of america hand-propelled submarine h. l. hunley is first tested successfully (although thirteen crew â including her inventor horace lawson hunley â are lost in two sinkings later in the year).{{cite book|title=the h. l. hunley: the secret hope of the confederacy|first=tom|last=chaffin|location=new york|publisher=hill and wa
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