thumb|right|258px|peter struve, 1900s peter (or pyotr or petr) berngardovich struve (; pronounced ; january 26, 1870, perm â february 22, 1944, paris) was a russian political economist, philosopher and editor. he started out as a marxist, later became a liberal and after the bolshevik revolution joined the white movement. from 1920 he lived in exile in paris, where he was a prominent critic of russian communism. ==biography== ===marxist theoretician=== peter struve is probably the best known member of the russian branch of the struve family. son of bernhard struve (astrakhan and later perm governor) and grandson of astronomer friedrich georg wilhelm von struve, he entered the natural sciences department of the university of saint petersburg in 1889 and transferred to its law school in 1890. while there, he became interested in marxism, attended marxist and narodniki (populist) meetings (where he met his future opponent vladimir lenin) and wrote articles for legally published magazinesâhence the term legal marxism, whose chief proponent he became. in september 1893 struve was hired by the finance ministry and worked in its library, but was fired on june 1, 1894 after an arrest and a brief detention in aprilâmay of that year. in 1894 he also published his first major book, kriticheskie zametki k voprosu ob ekonomicheskom razvitii rossii (critical notes on the economic development of russia) in which he defended the applicability of marxism to russian conditions against populist critics. in 1895 struve finished his degree and wrote an open letter to nicholas ii on behalf of the zemstvo. he then went abroad for further studies, where he attended the 1896 international socialist congress in london and befriended famous russian revolutionary exile vera zasulich.christian rakovsky. "an autobiography", in christian rakovsky. selected writings on opposition in the ussr 1923-30, ed. gus fagan, allison & busby, london & new york, 1980 isbn 0-85031-379-1 after returning to russia struve became one of the editors of the successive legal marxist magazines novoye slovo (the new word, 1897), nachalo (the beginning, 1899) and zhizn (1899â1901). struve was also the most popular speaker at the legal marxist debates at the free economic society in the late 1890sâearly 1900s in spite of his often impenetrable-to-laymen arguments and unkempt appearance.yel. kots. "kontrabandisty" (vospominaniya) ("contrabandists" ("memoirs")), in byloe (leningrad series), 1926, 3 (
1870_births 1944_deaths Burials_at_Sainte-GeneviA"ve-des-Bois_Russian_Cemetery Full_Members_of_the_Russian_Academy_of_Sciences_(1917a25) Full_Members_of_the_USSR_Academy_of_Sciences People_from_Perm Russian-German_people Russian_Constitutional_Democratic_Party_members Russian_Social_Democratic_Labour_Party_members Russian_journalists Russian_liberals Saint_Petersburg_State_University_alumni Struve_family